Light guide column, lamp, and light guide column manufacturing method

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of lighting devices, and provides a light guide column, a lamp, and a light guide column manufacturing method. The light guide column involved in the present disclosure comprises a columnar structure. The columnar structure is made of a transparent material. The interior of the columnar structure comprises at least one first annular region centered on the axis of the columnar structure, and bubbles are present inside the first annular region. At least a portion of a light intensity distribution curve of the light guide column is sawtooth-shaped.

Description

A light guide column, a lamp, and a method for manufacturing the light guide column. Cross-references

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese application 202520174922.8, filed on January 26, 2025, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] The embodiments of this specification relate to the technical field of lighting equipment, specifically to a light guide column, a luminaire having the light guide column, a method for manufacturing the light guide column, and a design method for the method of manufacturing the light guide column. Background Technology

[0003] LEDs have unique light-emitting characteristics. Due to their small luminous area, they can be considered point light sources, exhibiting excellent light emission uniformity and a small solid angle. This means that the light emitted by a single LED light-emitting unit forms a small beam in space, with a relatively small emission angle and highly concentrated light.

[0004] To achieve a greater lighting effect, optical devices such as reflectors or lenses can be added to adjust the light emission angle and distribution of the LED light-emitting unit. However, due to the directional limitations of reflectors and lenses, large-angle or even 360° omnidirectional light emission cannot be achieved. LED bulbs can also expand the illumination angle and thus the lighting area by using a milky white lampshade for refraction. However, a large milky white lampshade can negatively impact the user's visual experience.

[0005] In view of this, some embodiments of this specification provide a light guide column that can achieve wide-angle or even 360° omnidirectional light emission, while providing a transparent illumination area and providing a good visual experience. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This specification provides one or more embodiments of a light guide column, comprising: a columnar structure made of a transparent material, the interior of the columnar structure including at least one first annular region centered on the axis of the columnar structure, the interior of the first annular region containing air bubbles; at least a portion of the light intensity distribution curve of the light guide column being sawtooth-shaped.

[0007] In some embodiments, the interior of the columnar structure further includes a second region centered on the axis of the columnar structure, and the first annular region and the second region are arranged alternately; the second region does not contain the bubble.

[0008] In some embodiments, the second region is a second annular region.

[0009] In some embodiments, the light intensity distribution curve of the light guide post includes a first light intensity distribution region and two second light intensity distribution regions located on both sides of the first light intensity distribution region; the light intensity distribution curve in the first light intensity distribution region has a horizontal trend; the light intensity distribution curve in the second light intensity distribution region has an upward or downward trend; at least one of the light intensity distribution curve in the first light intensity distribution region and the light intensity distribution curve in the second light intensity distribution region is sawtooth-shaped.

[0010] In some embodiments, the light intensity distribution curve in the first light intensity distribution region is serrated; the light intensity distribution curve in the second light intensity distribution region includes a smooth portion and a serrated portion, the serrated portion being adjacent to the first light intensity distribution region.

[0011] In some embodiments, the number of the first annular regions is one, and the inner diameter of the first annular region is greater than or equal to half the diameter of the columnar structure.

[0012] In some embodiments, the diameter of the bubble is 1.5 to 2 mm, and the maximum distance between adjacent bubbles is 10 to 15 mm.

[0013] In some embodiments, the 50% beam angle of the light guide column is greater than 100°.

[0014] In some embodiments, the number of the first annular regions is one, and the outer diameter of the first annular region is less than or equal to half the diameter of the columnar structure.

[0015] In some embodiments, the diameter of the bubble is 3 to 4 mm, and the maximum distance between adjacent bubbles is 8 to 10 mm.

[0016] In some embodiments, the 50% beam angle of the light guide column ranges from 85 to 95°.

[0017] In some embodiments, the diameter of the bubble is 5 to 7 mm, and the maximum distance between adjacent bubbles is 3 to 6 mm.

[0018] In some embodiments, the 50% beam angle of the light guide column ranges from 80 to 90°.

[0019] In some embodiments, the number of the first annular regions is two or more, and the bubble includes a first bubble and a second bubble; wherein one or more of the first annular regions contain the first bubble, and the remaining one or more of the first annular regions contain the second bubble.

[0020] In some embodiments, the diameter of the first bubble is smaller than the diameter of the second bubble.

[0021] In some embodiments, the first annular region where the first bubble is located surrounds the outside of the first annular region where the second bubble is located.

[0022] In some embodiments, the diameter of the first bubble is 1.5 to 2 mm, and the maximum distance between adjacent first bubbles is 8 to 10 mm; and / or, the diameter of the second bubble is 5 to 7 mm, and the maximum distance between adjacent second bubbles is 3 to 6 mm.

[0023] In some embodiments, the number of the first annular regions is one, and the bubble includes a third bubble and a fourth bubble, wherein the diameter of the third bubble is smaller than the diameter of the fourth bubble.

[0024] In some embodiments, the diameter of the third bubble is 1.5 to 2 mm, the diameter of the fourth bubble is 5 to 7 mm, and the maximum distance between adjacent bubbles is 3 to 6 mm.

[0025] In some embodiments, the 50% beam angle of the light guide column ranges from 92 to 98°.

[0026] In some embodiments, the light guide post includes a first light emitting surface and a second light emitting surface, wherein the first light emitting surface is provided by at least a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the columnar structure, and the second light emitting surface is provided by at least a portion of the end face of one end of the columnar structure; the second light emitting surface is a plane.

[0027] This specification provides a lamp fixture according to one or more embodiments, the lamp fixture comprising: a housing, one end of which is fixedly connected to a light guide post; and a light source mechanism disposed inside the housing.

[0028] In some embodiments, the housing includes: a first housing, one end of which is fixedly connected to the light guide post; a second housing, which is fixedly connected to the first housing and encloses the other end of the first housing; the light source mechanism is disposed in a first accommodating space formed by the first housing and the second housing, the first housing having a stepped portion, and the light source mechanism being mounted on the stepped portion.

[0029] In some embodiments, the first housing includes: a first cylindrical structure, a second annular structure, and a third cylindrical structure connected in sequence; the diameter of the first cylindrical structure is larger than the diameter of the third cylindrical structure, a step surface of the step portion is formed at the second annular structure, and the circuit board of the light source mechanism is fixed to the second annular structure.

[0030] In some embodiments, the columnar structure of the light guide post has a second accommodating space, and at least a portion of the first housing is disposed within the second accommodating space; the columnar structure of the light guide post is threadedly connected to the first housing.

[0031] In some embodiments, the luminaire further includes: a light diffuser disposed within the second accommodating space; the light diffuser is used to convert one or more point light sources provided by the light source mechanism into a surface light source of a columnar structure facing the light guide column.

[0032] In some embodiments, the outer diameter of the light-diffusing sheet matches the outer diameter of the end of the first housing near the columnar structure, one end of the first housing abuts against one side of the light-diffusing sheet, and the other side of the light-diffusing sheet is in contact with the bottom surface of the second accommodating space.

[0033] In some embodiments, the second annular structure is provided with heat dissipation holes.

[0034] This specification provides one or more embodiments of a light guide column manufacturing method. The light guide column includes a columnar structure made of a transparent material. The interior of the columnar structure includes at least one first annular region centered on the axis of the columnar structure, and the interior of the first annular region contains air bubbles. At least a portion of the light intensity distribution curve of the light guide column is sawtooth-shaped. The light guide column manufacturing method includes: providing a light guide column raw material, the light guide column raw material including a material for forming the first annular region, the material including a plastic raw material, a fast-reaction foaming agent, and a slow-reaction foaming agent; implementing temperature control and pressure control on the light guide column raw material to form air bubbles inside the light guide column raw material; and implementing cooling control on the light guide column raw material to solidify the light guide column raw material to obtain the light guide column.

[0035] In some embodiments, the interior of the columnar structure includes a first annular region and a second region centered on the axis of the columnar structure; the method of manufacturing the light guide column includes: providing a light guide column raw material, the light guide column raw material including a first material for forming the second region located on the inner side, a second material for forming the first annular region located in the middle, and a third material for forming the second region located on the outer side, wherein the first material and the third material both include plastic raw materials, and the second material includes plastic raw materials, a fast-reaction foaming agent, and a slow-reaction foaming agent.

[0036] In some embodiments, the effective decomposition temperature range of the fast-reaction blowing agent partially overlaps with that of the slow-reaction blowing agent; the lowest effective decomposition temperature of the fast-reaction blowing agent is lower than the highest effective decomposition temperature of the slow-reaction blowing agent, and the highest effective decomposition temperature of the fast-reaction blowing agent is higher than the highest effective decomposition temperature of the slow-reaction blowing agent; the lowest effective decomposition temperature of the slow-reaction blowing agent is lower than the lowest effective decomposition temperature of the fast-reaction blowing agent, and the highest effective decomposition temperature of the slow-reaction blowing agent is higher than the lowest effective decomposition temperature of the fast-reaction blowing agent.

[0037] In some embodiments, the fast-reaction foaming agent is an azodicarbonamide foaming agent, and the effective decomposition temperature range of the azodicarbonamide foaming agent is 195–220°C; the slow-reaction foaming agent is a sodium bicarbonate-citric acid foaming agent, and the effective decomposition temperature range of the sodium bicarbonate-citric acid foaming agent is 160–200°C.

[0038] In some embodiments, the temperature and pressure control of the light guide column material to form bubbles inside the light guide column material includes: subjecting the light guide column material to a first temperature and a first pressure to melt the plastic material while preventing the decomposition of the fast-reaction foaming agent and the slow-reaction foaming agent; subjecting the light guide column material to a second temperature and a second pressure to induce the decomposition of the slow-reaction foaming agent; wherein the second temperature is within the effective decomposition temperature range of the slow-reaction foaming agent, the second temperature is less than the minimum effective decomposition temperature of the fast-reaction foaming agent, and the second pressure is less than the first pressure; subjecting the light guide column material to a third temperature and a third pressure to induce the decomposition of the fast-reaction foaming agent; wherein the third temperature is within the effective decomposition temperature range of both the slow-reaction foaming agent and the fast-reaction foaming agent, and the third pressure is less than the second pressure; and subjecting the light guide column material to a fourth temperature and a fourth pressure to reduce or inhibit the decomposition of the fast-reaction foaming agent; wherein the fourth temperature is less than the minimum effective decomposition temperature of the fast-reaction foaming agent, and the fourth pressure includes an outer pressure and a center pressure, the outer pressure being greater than the center pressure.

[0039] In some embodiments, the second material comprises, by weight, 98.8 to 99.5 parts of plastic raw material, 0.2 to 0.4 parts of fast-reaction foaming agent, and 0.8 to 1 part of slow-reaction foaming agent; the diameter of the bubbles in the light guide column is 1.5 to 2 mm, and the maximum spacing between adjacent bubbles is 10 to 15 mm.

[0040] In some embodiments, the first temperature is 160±1℃ and the first pressure is 1.2±0.1MPa; the second temperature is 180±1℃ and the second pressure is 0.9±0.1MPa; the third temperature is 195±1℃ and the third pressure is 0.6±0.1MPa; the fourth temperature is 170±1℃, the peripheral pressure of the fourth pressure is 1.5±0.1MPa, and the central pressure of the fourth pressure is 0.6±0.1MPa.

[0041] In some embodiments, the second material comprises, by weight, 97.8 to 98.7 parts of plastic raw material, 0.5 to 0.7 parts of fast-reaction foaming agent, and 0.5 to 0.7 parts of slow-reaction foaming agent; the diameter of the bubbles in the light guide column is 3 to 4 mm, and the maximum spacing between adjacent bubbles is 8 to 10 mm.

[0042] In some embodiments, the first temperature is 170±1℃ and the first pressure is 1.3±0.1MPa; the second temperature is 200±1℃ and the second pressure is 0.8±0.1MPa; the third temperature is 215±1℃ and the third pressure is 0.5±0.1MPa; the fourth temperature is 190±1℃, the peripheral pressure of the fourth pressure is 1.5±0.1MPa, and the central pressure of the fourth pressure is 0.5±0.1MPa.

[0043] In some embodiments, the step of implementing temperature and pressure control on the light guide column material to form bubbles inside the light guide column material includes: subjecting the light guide column material to a first temperature and a first pressure to melt the plastic material while preventing the decomposition of the fast-reaction foaming agent and the slow-reaction foaming agent; subjecting the light guide column material to a second temperature and a second pressure to induce the decomposition of the slow-reaction foaming agent and the fast-reaction foaming agent; wherein the second temperature is within the effective decomposition temperature range of the slow-reaction foaming agent and the fast-reaction foaming agent, and the second pressure is less than the first pressure. The light guide column material is subjected to a third temperature and a third pressure to further decompose the fast-reaction foaming agent; wherein the third temperature is greater than the maximum effective decomposition temperature of the fast-reaction foaming agent, and the third pressure is less than the second pressure; the light guide column material is subjected to a fourth temperature and a fourth pressure to reduce the decomposition of the fast-reaction foaming agent; wherein the fourth temperature is within the effective decomposition temperature range of the slow-reaction foaming agent and the effective decomposition temperature range of the fast-reaction foaming agent, the fourth temperature is less than the second temperature, and the fourth pressure includes an outer pressure and a center pressure, wherein the outer pressure is greater than the center pressure.

[0044] In some embodiments, the second material comprises, by weight, 96 to 97.5 parts of plastic raw material, 0.8 to 1 part of fast-reaction foaming agent, and 0.3 to 0.45 parts of slow-reaction foaming agent; the diameter of the bubbles in the light guide column is 5 to 7 mm, and the maximum spacing between adjacent bubbles is 3 to 6 mm.

[0045] In some embodiments, the first temperature is 180±1℃ and the first pressure is 1.5±0.1MPa; the second temperature is 210±1℃ and the second pressure is 0.6±0.1MPa; the third temperature is 230±1℃ and the third pressure is 0.2±0.1MPa; the fourth temperature is 200±1℃, the peripheral pressure of the fourth pressure is 1.0±0.1MPa, and the central pressure of the fourth pressure is 0.2±0.1MPa.

[0046] In some embodiments, the step of implementing temperature and pressure control on the light guide column material to form bubbles inside the light guide column material includes: subjecting the light guide column material to a first temperature and a first pressure to melt the plastic material while preventing the decomposition of the fast-reaction foaming agent and the slow-reaction foaming agent; subjecting the light guide column material to a second temperature and a second pressure to induce the decomposition of the slow-reaction foaming agent and the fast-reaction foaming agent; wherein the second temperature is within the effective decomposition temperature range of the slow-reaction foaming agent and the fast-reaction foaming agent, and the second pressure is less than the first pressure; and subjecting the light guide column material to a third temperature and a third pressure to induce the fast-reaction foaming agent. The agent is completely decomposed; wherein, the third temperature is within the effective decomposition temperature range of the slow-reaction foaming agent and the effective decomposition temperature range of the fast-reaction foaming agent, or the third temperature is equal to the highest effective decomposition temperature of the fast-reaction foaming agent, the third temperature is greater than the second temperature, and the third pressure is less than the second pressure; the light guide column material is subjected to a fourth temperature and a fourth pressure to reduce the decomposition of the fast-reaction foaming agent; wherein, the fourth temperature is within the effective decomposition temperature range of the slow-reaction foaming agent and the effective decomposition temperature range of the fast-reaction foaming agent, the fourth temperature is less than the second temperature, and the fourth pressure includes an outer pressure and a center pressure, the outer pressure being greater than the center pressure.

[0047] In some embodiments, the second material comprises, by weight, 97.5 parts of plastic raw material, 0.5 parts of fast-reaction foaming agent, and 0.8 parts of slow-reaction foaming agent; the bubbles in the light guide column include a third bubble and a fourth bubble, the diameter of the third bubble is 1.5 to 2 mm, the diameter of the fourth bubble is 5 to 7 mm, and the maximum distance between adjacent bubbles is 3 to 6 mm.

[0048] In some embodiments, the first temperature is 175±1℃ and the first pressure is 1.3±0.1MPa; the second temperature is 200±1℃ and the second pressure is 0.7±0.1MPa; the third temperature is 220±1℃ and the third pressure is 0.4±0.1MPa; the fourth temperature is 195±1℃, the peripheral pressure of the fourth pressure is 1.2±0.1MPa, and the central pressure of the fourth pressure is 0.4±0.1MPa.

[0049] In some embodiments, the interior of the columnar structure includes a first annular region and a second region centered on the axis of the columnar structure. The first annular region and the second region are arranged alternately from the center of the columnar structure to the outer side of the columnar structure. The number of first annular regions is at least two, one of which contains a first bubble and the other contains a second bubble. The method for manufacturing the light guide column includes: the light guide column raw material includes a first material for forming the second region located on the inner side, a second material and a third material for forming two first annular regions located in the middle, a fourth material for forming the second region located between the two first annular regions, and a fifth material for forming the second region located on the outer side. The second material and the third material each include a plastic raw material, a fast-reaction foaming agent, and a slow-reaction foaming agent. The first material, the fourth material, and the fifth material each include a plastic raw material. Temperature control and pressure control are independently applied to the second material and the third material respectively, so that the first bubble and the second bubble are independently formed inside the second material and the third material respectively. Cooling control is independently applied to the second material and the third material respectively, so that the light guide column raw material is solidified to obtain the light guide column.

[0050] In some embodiments, the effective decomposition temperature range of the fast-reaction blowing agent partially overlaps with that of the slow-reaction blowing agent; the lowest effective decomposition temperature of the fast-reaction blowing agent is lower than the highest effective decomposition temperature of the slow-reaction blowing agent, and the highest effective decomposition temperature of the fast-reaction blowing agent is higher than the highest effective decomposition temperature of the slow-reaction blowing agent; the lowest effective decomposition temperature of the slow-reaction blowing agent is lower than the lowest effective decomposition temperature of the fast-reaction blowing agent, and the highest effective decomposition temperature of the slow-reaction blowing agent is higher than the lowest effective decomposition temperature of the slow-reaction blowing agent.

[0051] In some embodiments, the fast-reaction foaming agent is an azodicarbonamide foaming agent, and the effective decomposition temperature range of the azodicarbonamide foaming agent is 195–220°C; the slow-reaction foaming agent is a sodium bicarbonate-citric acid foaming agent, and the effective decomposition temperature range of the sodium bicarbonate-citric acid foaming agent is 160–200°C.

[0052] In some embodiments, temperature control and pressure control are independently applied to the second material and the third material to independently form the first bubble and the second bubble inside the second material and the third material, respectively. This includes: melting the second material and the third material while preventing the decomposition of the fast-reaction foaming agent and the slow-reaction foaming agent; applying different pressures to the second material and the third material; placing the temperature of the second material within the effective decomposition temperature range of the slow-reaction foaming agent and the effective decomposition temperature range of the fast-reaction foaming agent to initiate the decomposition of the slow-reaction foaming agent and the fast-reaction foaming agent; and placing the temperature of the third material within the effective decomposition temperature range of the slow-reaction foaming agent and the fast-reaction foaming agent. The temperature is within the effective decomposition temperature range of the slow-reaction foaming agent, and the temperature of the third material is lower than the minimum effective decomposition temperature of the fast-reaction foaming agent, so that the slow-reaction foaming agent begins to decompose; the temperature of the second material is greater than or equal to the maximum effective decomposition temperature of the fast-reaction foaming agent, so that the fast-reaction foaming agent completely decomposes; the temperature of the third material is within the effective decomposition temperature range of both the slow-reaction foaming agent and the fast-reaction foaming agent, so that both the slow-reaction foaming agent and the fast-reaction foaming agent decompose; the temperatures of the second material and the third material are reduced to fix the positions of the two first annular regions.

[0053] In some embodiments, the step of placing the temperature of the second material within the effective decomposition temperature range of the slow-reaction foaming agent and the effective decomposition temperature range of the fast-reaction foaming agent to induce the decomposition of both the slow-reaction and fast-reaction foaming agents; and placing the temperature of the third material within the effective decomposition temperature range of the slow-reaction foaming agent and below the minimum effective decomposition temperature of the fast-reaction foaming agent to induce the decomposition of the slow-reaction foaming agent, further includes: performing a first stirring on the second material and a second stirring on the third material; wherein the stirring speed of the first stirring is greater than the stirring speed of the second stirring.

[0054] In some embodiments, reducing the temperature of the second material and the third material to fix the positions of the two first annular regions further includes: providing an inner layer pressure to the second material, an intermediate layer pressure to the fourth material, and an outer layer pressure to the third material, wherein the outer layer pressure is greater than the intermediate layer pressure and the intermediate layer pressure is greater than the inner layer pressure.

[0055] In some embodiments, providing the light guide post material includes: providing the first material, the fourth material, and the fifth material; after a first time interval, providing the second material and the third material; the injection speed of the first material, the fourth material, and the fifth material is greater than the injection speed of the second material; the injection speed of the first material, the fourth material, and the fifth material is greater than the injection speed of the third material; and the injection speed of the second material is less than the injection speed of the third material.

[0056] This specification provides one or more embodiments of a design method for manufacturing a light guide column. The light guide column includes: a columnar structure made of a transparent material; the interior of the columnar structure includes a first annular region and a second region centered on the axis of the columnar structure; the first annular region contains air bubbles; at least a portion of the light intensity distribution curve of the light guide column is sawtooth-shaped; the design method includes: providing a first barrel corresponding to the number of first annular regions; providing a second barrel; based on the parameters of the air bubbles inside each first annular region, providing a first annular region material of corresponding components to the first barrel corresponding to each first annular region, the first annular region material including plastic raw material, fast-reaction foaming agent, and slow-reaction foaming agent; providing a second region material to one or more second barrels, the second region material including plastic raw material; based on the parameters of the air bubbles inside each first annular region, providing molding parameters for the first annular region material and the second region material; and based on the parameters of the air bubbles inside each first annular region, providing cooling parameters for the second region material.

[0057] In some embodiments, the parameters of the bubble include the size of the bubble and the spacing between the bubbles.

[0058] In some embodiments, providing molding parameters for the first annular region material and the second region material based on the parameters of the bubbles inside each of the first annular regions includes: obtaining the effective decomposition temperature range of the fast-reaction foaming agent and the effective decomposition temperature range of the slow-reaction foaming agent; obtaining the molding purpose of one or more molding regions based on the parameters of the bubbles inside the first annular region; obtaining the working state of the corresponding fast-reaction foaming agent and the working state of the slow-reaction foaming agent based on each molding purpose; obtaining the molding parameters based on the working state of the fast-reaction foaming agent and the working state of the slow-reaction foaming agent; the molding region includes one or more of a feeding region, a melting region, a foaming activation region, and a fusion region.

[0059] In some embodiments, obtaining the forming objective of one or more forming regions based on the parameters of the bubbles inside the first annular region includes: obtaining the current bubble state to be achieved in each forming region based on the parameters of the bubbles inside the first annular region; the current bubble state includes: generating bubbles, increasing bubble gas expansion, decreasing bubble pressure expansion, inhibiting bubble expansion, promoting bubble merging, promoting bubble position maintenance, and promoting bubble migration.

[0060] In some embodiments, the molding parameters include temperature molding parameters and pressure molding parameters; obtaining the molding parameters based on the working state of the fast-reaction foaming agent and the working state of the slow-reaction foaming agent includes: selecting the temperature molding parameters from the effective decomposition temperature range of the fast-reaction foaming agent and the effective decomposition temperature range of the slow-reaction foaming agent based on the working state of the fast-reaction foaming agent and the working state of the slow-reaction foaming agent; and obtaining the pressure molding parameters based on the parameters of the bubble and the temperature molding parameters.

[0061] In some embodiments, the cooling parameters include one or more of the following: the number of cooling zones, the cooling medium corresponding to each cooling zone, the cooling temperature corresponding to each cooling zone, the cooling flow rate corresponding to each cooling zone, and the cooling rate corresponding to each cooling zone. Attached Figure Description

[0062] This specification will be further described by way of exemplary embodiments, which will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same numbers in the drawings denote the same structures or steps.

[0063] Figure 1 is a front view schematic diagram of a light guide column according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0064] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a light guide column according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0065] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the first and second annular regions of a light guide column according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0066] Figure 4 is a perspective view of a light guide column according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0067] Figure 5 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a light guide column according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0068] Figure 6 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of Figure 5.

[0069] Figure 7 is a front view schematic diagram of a lamp according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0070] Figure 8 is a bottom view of a lamp fixture according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0071] Figures 9 and 10 are perspective views of lamps according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0072] Figure 11 is a perspective view of the first housing, the second housing, and the light source mechanism of a lamp according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0073] Figure 12 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first housing, the second housing, and the light source mechanism of a lamp according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0074] Figure 13 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of Figure 12.

[0075] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the diffuser of a luminaire according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0076] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of a light guide column with an outer single-layer microbubble as shown in some embodiments of this specification.

[0077] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the light intensity distribution curve of the light guide column of the outer single-layer small bubble shown in Figure 15.

[0078] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of a light guide column for a bubble in a central single layer according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0079] Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the light intensity distribution curve of the light guide column of the bubble in the middle single layer shown in Figure 17.

[0080] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of a light guide column with an inner single-layer large bubble as shown in some embodiments of this specification.

[0081] Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of the light intensity distribution curve of the light guide column of the inner single-layer large bubble shown in Figure 19.

[0082] Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of a double-layer bubble light guide column according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0083] Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of an inner single-layer large bubble and small mixed bubble light guide column according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0084] Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of the light intensity distribution curve of the light guide column with inner single-layer large bubble and small mixed bubble shown in Figure 22.

[0085] Figure 24 is a schematic diagram of the measurement plane of the light intensity distribution curve of the light guide column according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0086] Figure 25 is a schematic flowchart of a method for manufacturing a light guide post according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0087] Figure 26 is a schematic flowchart of the design method for manufacturing a light guide post according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0088] Figure 27 is a schematic diagram of a light guide column manufacturing apparatus according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0089] Figure 28 is a schematic diagram of the outlet of a light guide column manufacturing apparatus according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0090] The diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Columnar structure; 1a. First light emitting surface; 1b. Second light emitting surface; 11. Second accommodating space; 11a. Bottom surface; 21. First annular region; 22. Second annular region; 3. Bubble; 41. First shell; 411. First cylindrical structure; 412. Second annular structure; 413. Third cylindrical structure; 414. Heat dissipation hole; 42. Second shell; 43. First accommodating space; 5. Light source mechanism; 51. Circuit board; 6. Light diffuser; A. First light intensity distribution area; B. Second light intensity distribution area. Detailed Implementation

[0091] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments in this specification, the embodiments will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the content described below are some examples or embodiments of this specification. For those skilled in the art, without creative effort, the technical solutions or means disclosed in this specification can be applied to other scenarios based on this technical content.

[0092] It should be understood that the terms "system," "device," "equipment," "part" and / or "component," "unit" and / or "module" used in this specification are a method of distinguishing different components, elements, parts, sections, or assemblies at different levels. However, if other words can achieve the same purpose, they may be replaced by other expressions.

[0093] Unless otherwise specified, the technical terms used to describe components, elements, etc. in this specification are not singular but may include plural. Generally speaking, terms such as "comprising" or "including" only indicate that explicitly identified steps, elements, or components are included, and these steps, elements, and components do not constitute an exclusive list, as the described method or apparatus may also include other steps or components.

[0094] In the description of this specification, it should be understood that the directional descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, and right, indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These descriptions are for the convenience of describing this application and for simplification, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. In the description of this specification, unless otherwise expressly defined, terms such as "setting," "installation," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. Those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this specification in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0095] An LED (Light Emitting Diode) is a semiconductor device that converts electrical energy into light energy. In some embodiments, an LED may include n-type and p-type semiconductors, which form a pn junction when they are in contact. When a forward voltage is applied, electrons move from the n-type region to the p-type region, combining with holes and releasing energy. In some embodiments, this energy can be released in the form of photons, thus producing light emission.

[0096] LED light source devices with LED light-emitting units have gradually replaced traditional bulbs (such as tungsten filament lamps and incandescent lamps) due to their sufficient brightness, uniform light emission, and low power consumption. With the further development of lighting technology, LED light source devices have gradually formed various types of bulb light sources. However, LEDs have unique light-emitting characteristics. Due to their small light-emitting area, they can be regarded as point light sources, exhibiting excellent light emission uniformity and a small solid angle. This means that the light emitted by a single LED light-emitting unit forms a small beam in space, with a relatively small emission angle and highly concentrated light.

[0097] In some related embodiments, to achieve a greater lighting effect, optical devices such as reflectors or lenses can be added to adjust the emission angle and light distribution of the LED light-emitting unit. However, due to the directional limitations of reflectors and lenses, large-angle or even 360° omnidirectional light emission cannot be achieved. In other related embodiments, the LED bulb can also be refracted through a milky white lampshade to expand the illumination angle, thereby expanding the illuminated area. However, a large area of ​​milky white lampshade affects the user's visual experience.

[0098] Based on this, one or more embodiments of this specification provide a light guide column and a luminaire including the light guide column, which can achieve large-angle or even 360° omnidirectional light emission, while providing a transparent illumination area and having a good visual experience.

[0099] Figure 1 is a front view schematic diagram of a light guide column according to some embodiments of this specification; Figure 2 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a light guide column according to some embodiments of this specification; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the first annular region and the second annular region of a light guide column according to some embodiments of this specification; and Figure 4 is a perspective schematic diagram of a light guide column according to some embodiments of this specification. Referring to Figures 1 to 4, in one or more embodiments of this specification, the light guide column may include a columnar structure 1. In some embodiments, the columnar structure 1 may refer to a structure that extends along a certain axis and has a specific geometric shape. In some embodiments, the axis of the columnar structure 1 may be a straight line or a curve.

[0100] In some embodiments, the columnar structure 1 may be formed by two parallel planes and a curved surface. In some embodiments, the columnar structure 1 has two equal base surfaces, the shape of which may be circular, elliptical, or polygonal, or other irregular closed shapes.

[0101] In some embodiments, all cross-sections of the columnar structure 1 may be similar to or identical to the bottom surface. In some embodiments, all cross-sections of the columnar structure 1 are identical, so that the columnar structure 1 has the same diameter in the axial direction. In some embodiments, all cross-sections of the columnar structure 1 have similar patterns, so that the columnar structure 1 has a varying diameter in the axial direction. In some embodiments, the diameter of the columnar structure 1 in the axial direction varies continuously, for example, gradually increasing, gradually decreasing, increasing and then decreasing, or decreasing and then increasing, etc.

[0102] In some embodiments, the side surface of the columnar structure 1 may include multiple parallelograms, such as multiple rectangles. In some embodiments, the columnar structure 1 may be a straight column, for example, the side surface of the columnar structure 1 is perpendicular to the bottom surface. In other embodiments, the columnar structure 1 may also be an inclined column, for example, the side surface of the columnar structure 1 has an included angle with the bottom surface.

[0103] For example, the columnar structure 1 can be a polygonal columnar structure, such as a rectangular straight columnar structure, a cylindrical structure or an elliptical columnar structure, an inclined cylindrical structure or an elliptical columnar structure, a columnar structure with a star-shaped cross-section, a straight columnar structure or an inclined columnar structure with an irregular curved surface on both the bottom surface and the cross-section parallel to the bottom surface, etc.

[0104] In other embodiments, the columnar structure 1 may refer to a closed geometry formed by the intersection of a curved surface (formed by rotating a planar curve around an axis in its plane) and two parallel planes. In some embodiments, the two base surfaces of the columnar structure 1 may have different dimensions. In some embodiments, the cross-section of the columnar structure 1 may have a similar shape to the base surfaces but different dimensions.

[0105] For example, the columnar structure 1 can be frustum-shaped, drum-shaped, etc.

[0106] In one or more embodiments of this specification, the columnar structure 1 is made of a transparent material. In some embodiments, the columnar structure 1 may be made of glass or plastic. In some embodiments, the plastic material may specifically be resin. In some embodiments, the columnar structure 1 may be made of a colorless transparent material or a colored transparent material.

[0107] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 5 and 6, the columnar structure 1 of the light guide post may have a second accommodating space 11 for accommodating other mechanisms. In some embodiments, the second accommodating space 11 may have an upper bottom surface and a side surface. In some embodiments, the side surface of the second accommodating space 11 may have threads for connecting it to other mechanisms.

[0108] In other embodiments, the columnar structure 1 of the light guide post can also be connected to other mechanisms in other ways. For example, one end face of the columnar structure 1 of the light guide post can be a plane, which is bonded to other mechanisms. For example, one end of the columnar structure 1 of the light guide post is provided with a snap-fit, allowing for detachable connection to other mechanisms via the snap-fit. For example, one end of the columnar structure 1 of the light guide post is provided with an external thread, enabling connection with the internal threads of other structures through the engagement of the external thread.

[0109] In one or more embodiments of this specification, the interior of the columnar structure 1 of the light guide post includes at least one first annular region 21 centered on the axis of the columnar structure 1, and the interior of the first annular region 21 contains a bubble 3. In some embodiments, the bubble 3 is a cavity structure formed inside the columnar structure 1. In some embodiments, the interior of the bubble 3 may contain gas. In some embodiments, the gas inside the bubble 3 may include one or more of nitrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, etc. In some embodiments, the bubble 3 may be formed by generating gas from inorganic compounds under specific conditions, such as sodium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium chloride, and sodium carbonate. Exemplarily, the bubble 3 may also be formed by generating gas from compounds capable of undergoing chemical changes, such as azo compounds, sulfonyl hydrazides, and nitroso compounds. In other embodiments, the interior of the bubble 3 may not contain gas.

[0110] In some embodiments, the bubbles 3 inside the first annular region 21 are arranged in a generally annular pattern. In some embodiments, the first annular region 21 may have a single ring of bubbles 3 inside. In other embodiments, the first annular region 21 may have several rings of bubbles 3 inside. In still other embodiments, the interior of the first annular region 21 may include a bubble-filled region and a bubble-free region, and a single ring or several rings of bubbles 3 may be located inside the bubble-filled region.

[0111] In some embodiments, the first annular region 21 has a bubble 3 at its center in the radial direction, while the outer and / or inner sides of the first annular region 21 in the radial direction do not have bubbles 3. In other embodiments, the first annular region 21 has bubbles 3 from the inner to the outer sides in the radial direction.

[0112] In some embodiments, the first annular region 21 may be formed from a material corresponding to the first annular region 21 provided during the manufacture of the light guide post. In some embodiments, the material corresponding to the first annular region 21 may include a foaming agent, thereby forming bubbles inside the first annular region 21. In this embodiment, during the formation of the first annular region 21, bubbles 3 may be uniformly distributed inside the first annular region 21, resulting in bubbles 3 present from the inside to the outside of the first annular region 21 (i.e., bubbles 3 dispersed in the radial direction of the first annular region 21). In this embodiment, during the formation of the first annular region 21, after the bubbles 3 are uniformly distributed inside the first annular region 21, their positions are migrated within the first annular region 21 by temperature control and / or pressure control, thereby causing the bubbles 3 to move inward and / or outward, resulting in a situation where bubbles 3 are not present on the outer and / or inner sides of the first annular region 21 (i.e., bubbles 3 are concentrated in the radial center of the first annular region 21).

[0113] In some embodiments, the interior of the columnar structure 1 includes a first annular region 21. In other embodiments, the interior of the columnar structure 1 includes two first annular regions 21. In still other embodiments, the interior of the columnar structure 1 includes two or more first annular regions 21, such as three or four first annular regions 21. In some embodiments, regions without air bubbles 3 are provided between the plurality of first annular regions 21.

[0114] In some embodiments, the interior of the columnar structure 1 may further include a second region 22. In some embodiments, the interior of the second region 22 does not contain air bubbles. In some embodiments, the second region 22 may be centered on the axis of the columnar structure 1. In some embodiments, the second region 22 may be a second annular region. In some embodiments, the first annular region 21 and the second annular region may be arranged alternately to form a pattern from the center to the outside such as "no air bubbles - air bubbles - no air bubbles", "no air bubbles - air bubbles - no air bubbles - air bubbles - no air bubbles", or "air bubbles - no air bubbles - air bubbles".

[0115] For example, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the interior of the columnar structure 1 includes a first annular region 21 and a second region 22 arranged alternately from the center of the columnar structure 1 to the outer side of the columnar structure 1. The number of the first annular regions 21 can be one or more, for example, two or more.

[0116] In some embodiments, the columnar structure 1 has a first annular region 21 at its center, and a second region 22 surrounding the first annular region 21. In some further embodiments, another first annular region 21 may surround the second region 22, and another second region 22 may surround the other first annular region 21, thereby achieving an alternating arrangement. In other embodiments, the columnar structure 1 has a second region 22 at its center, and a first annular region 21 surrounding the second region 22, and so on.

[0117] In some embodiments, the first annular region 21 and the second region 22 may be arranged in multiple alternating layers. For example, each first annular region 21 and each second region 22 may form a group of annular regions, and the interior of the columnar structure 1 may include one or more groups of annular regions, such as two or more groups of annular regions.

[0118] In some embodiments, a first annular region 21 or a second region 22 may be provided at the center of the columnar structure 1. For example, from the center of the columnar structure 1 to the outer surface of the columnar structure 1, the annular regions may be arranged in the order of first annular region 21, second region 22, first annular region 21, second region 22, or in the order of second region 22, first annular region 21, second region 22, first annular region 21.

[0119] In some embodiments, the second region 22 may be formed of a material corresponding to the second region 22 provided during the manufacture of the light guide post. In some embodiments, the material corresponding to the second region 22 does not include a foaming agent, thereby preventing the formation of air bubbles inside the second region 22, or in other words, making the second region 22 a solid region.

[0120] In one or more embodiments of this specification, the interior of the first annular region 21 contains air bubbles 3. In some embodiments, the interior of the second region 22 does not contain air bubbles 3. In some embodiments, the material forming the columnar structure 1 may not be microscopically dense, and the absence of air bubbles 3 in the interior of the second region 22 may mean that the interior of the second region 22 does not contain air bubbles 3 visible to the naked eye.

[0121] In some embodiments, the second region 22 forms a gap region that separates two adjacent first annular regions 21 having bubbles 3.

[0122] In some embodiments, the columnar structure 1 forms multiple rings of bubbles 3 in the multi-layered first annular region 21. In some embodiments, adjacent rings of bubbles 3 (e.g., between two adjacent first annular regions 21) are separated by a second region 22. In some embodiments, the space between adjacent rings of bubbles 3 is a solid structure.

[0123] In some embodiments, the shapes of the first annular region 21 and the second region 22 can be based on the shape of the outer surface of the columnar structure 1. For example, if the columnar structure 1 is a rectangular columnar structure, the axial cross-section of the first annular region 21 can be a rectangle with a smaller side length, and the axial cross-section of the second region 22 can be a rectangle with a larger side length. For example, if the columnar structure 1 is frustum-shaped, the first annular region 21 can be a conical ring with a smaller diameter excluding the apex, and the second region 22 can be a conical ring with a larger diameter excluding the apex.

[0124] In other embodiments, the shapes of the first annular region 21 and the second region 22 may not be determined by the outer surface shape of the columnar structure 1. For example, the columnar structure 1 may be a rectangular columnar structure, while both the first annular region 21 and the second region 22 may be annular. Alternatively, the columnar structure 1 may be a drum-shaped structure, while both the first annular region 21 and the second region 22 may be annular.

[0125] In some embodiments, the shapes of the bubbles 3 can be the same or different. In some embodiments, the bubbles 3 can be circular or approximately circular. In some embodiments, the bubbles 3 are formed based on the expansion of gas inside the columnar structure 1. In some embodiments, the bubbles 3 are formed into an approximately circular structure based on the combined effects of factors such as the fluid pressure of the material of the columnar structure 1 in the mold and the gas pressure of the gas forming the bubbles 3 (the gas pressure formed by different amounts of gas generated by the material based on temperature control and pressure control). In other embodiments, the bubbles 3 can also be irregular in shape.

[0126] In one or more embodiments of this specification, a first annular region 21 extends in the axial direction of the columnar structure 1, and the number of bubbles 3 within the first annular region 21 is multiple. In some embodiments, the bubbles within the first annular region 21 are distributed from one bottom surface (e.g., the lower surface in FIG. 1) to another bottom surface (e.g., the upper surface in FIG. 1) of the columnar structure 1.

[0127] In some embodiments, the second region 22 extends in the axial direction of the columnar structure 1.

[0128] In some embodiments, the annular region (e.g., the first annular region 21 or the second region 22) may refer to a portion of the spatial region within the columnar structure 1. In some embodiments, the annular region may include the bottom portions of two annular rings and a spatial portion extending axially between the bottom portions of the two annular rings. In some embodiments, the spatial portion of the annular region has a certain volume. In some embodiments, within the same first annular region 21, bubbles 3 may be randomly distributed in the radial and / or axial directions. For example, within the same first annular region 21, one or more bubbles 3 may be distributed radially, and one or more bubbles 3 may also be distributed axially. For example, within the same first annular region 21, multiple bubbles 3 may be arranged alternately in the radial and / or axial directions to achieve a more uniform and complex light refraction effect. For example, in the two first annular regions 21, the bubbles 3 in one first annular region 21 can be arranged alternately in the axial direction relative to the bubbles 3 in the other first annular region 21 (for example, one or more bubbles 3 in the first annular region 21 are located in different radial plane layers in the axial direction relative to one or more bubbles 3 in the other first annular region 21, or the projections of one or more bubbles 3 in the first annular region 21 relative to one or more bubbles 3 in the other first annular region 21 in the radial direction have non-overlapping portions) to form a more uniform overall illumination distribution effect.

[0129] In some embodiments, the outer surface of the columnar structure 1 of the light guide post can be a smooth surface. In other embodiments, the outer surface of the columnar structure 1 of the light guide post can have a pattern. For example, the outer surface of the columnar structure 1 of the light guide post can have a ridge structure extending along its axial direction. For example, the outer surface of the columnar structure 1 of the light guide post can include multiple protrusions arranged in a ring array around the outer surface of the columnar structure 1 of the light guide post; the protrusions can be circular protrusions, frustum-shaped protrusions, prism-shaped protrusions, frustum-shaped protrusions, etc. For example, the outer surface of the columnar structure 1 of the light guide post can have knurling. For example, the outer surface of the columnar structure 1 of the light guide post can have an irregular wavy pattern.

[0130] Figure 7 is a front view of a lamp fixture according to some embodiments of this specification; Figure 8 is a bottom view of a lamp fixture according to some embodiments of this specification; and Figures 9 and 10 are perspective views of a lamp fixture according to some embodiments of this specification. Referring to Figures 7 to 10, and in conjunction with Figures 1 to 6, in one or more embodiments of this specification, the lamp fixture may include: a light guide post, a housing 4, and a light source mechanism 5. One end of the housing 4 is fixedly connected to the light guide post, and the light source mechanism 5 is disposed inside the housing 4. In some embodiments, referring to Figures 5 and 6, a second accommodating space 11 for accommodating other mechanisms may be provided on the columnar structure 1 of the light guide post. In some embodiments, the second accommodating space 11 may have an upper bottom surface and a side surface. In some embodiments, the side surface of the second accommodating space 11 may be threaded to the housing 4.

[0131] In some embodiments, the housing 4 may include a first housing 41 and a second housing 42. One end of the first housing 41 is fixedly connected to a light guide post, and the second housing 42 is fixedly connected to the first housing 41, enclosing the other end of the first housing 41. In some embodiments, the first housing 41 and the second housing 42 form a housing for accommodating the light source mechanism 5. In some embodiments, the first housing 41 and the second housing 42 may form a lamp holder (e.g., a connection portion between the light source and an external power source). In some embodiments, the light source is powered through the lamp holder, thereby producing light emission. In some embodiments, the light source mechanism 5 is disposed within a first accommodating space 43 formed by the first housing 41 and the second housing 42. The first housing 41 has a stepped portion, and the light source mechanism 5 is mounted on the stepped portion. In some embodiments, the light source mechanism 5 provides an LED light source. In other embodiments, the light source mechanism 5 may also provide a light source other than an LED light source.

[0132] In one or more embodiments of this specification, referring to Figures 11 to 13, the first housing 41 includes: a first cylindrical structure 411, a second annular structure 412, and a third cylindrical structure 413 connected in sequence. In some embodiments, the diameter of the first cylindrical structure 411 is larger than the diameter of the third cylindrical structure 413, a stepped surface is formed at the second annular structure 412, and the circuit board 51 of the light source mechanism 5 is fixed to the second annular structure 412. In some embodiments, the circuit board 51 of the light source mechanism 5 may be annular. In some embodiments, the light-emitting unit (e.g., an LED light-emitting unit) of the light source mechanism 5 may be arranged on one side of the circuit board 51, and the electrical components (e.g., capacitors) of the light source mechanism 5 may be arranged on the other side of the circuit board 51. In some embodiments, the light-emitting unit may be disposed within the first cylindrical structure 411. In some embodiments, the light-emitting unit may be disposed toward the guide light column. In some embodiments, the electrical components may be disposed within the third cylindrical structure 413.

[0133] In some embodiments, one or more LED light-emitting units may be arranged on the circuit board 51. In some embodiments, multiple rings of LED light-emitting units may be arranged on the circuit board 51. In some embodiments, the outer diameter of the circuit board 51 may match the diameter of the light guide post. In other embodiments, the outer diameter of the circuit board 51 may be smaller than the diameter of the light guide post.

[0134] In some embodiments, the LED light-emitting unit may include a plurality of 1800K LED chips, which may be arranged in a ring. In some embodiments, the emission angle of the LED light-emitting unit may be 120°. In some embodiments, the plurality of 1800K LED chips are configured to emit light statically to form a monochromatic amber glow with a water ripple effect.

[0135] In other embodiments, the LED light-emitting unit may include a plurality of 3000K LEDs or a plurality of 5000K LEDs to form a radial warm beam or a cool white glow.

[0136] In some other embodiments, the LED light-emitting unit can have different light colors. For example, the LED light-emitting unit may include several RGB LED beads. In this embodiment, the LED light-emitting unit (e.g., RGB LED beads) can be configured to emit light dynamically. In some embodiments, each RGB LED bead can change its light color sequentially according to a specific color order, such as emitting light in the order of red → orange → yellow → green → cyan → blue → violet, forming a complex and subtle superimposed gradient glow based on the reflection and refraction provided by the columnar structure 1.

[0137] In some embodiments, the columnar structure 1 of the light guide post has a second accommodating space 11, and at least a portion of the first housing 41 is disposed within the second accommodating space 11. In some embodiments, the outer wall of the first housing 41 may be provided with an external thread that matches the inner wall of the second accommodating space 11. In some embodiments, the columnar structure 1 of the light guide post is threadedly connected to the first housing 41.

[0138] In one or more embodiments of this specification, referring to FIG14, the luminaire may further include: a light diffuser 6 (or light homogenizer), the light diffuser 6 being disposed within the second accommodating space 11. In some embodiments, the light diffuser 6 has a thin sheet structure. In some embodiments, the light diffuser 6 may be milky white. In other embodiments, the light diffuser 6 may also be set to other colors. In some embodiments, the light diffuser 6 may be translucent. In some embodiments, the light diffuser 6 is hidden within the second accommodating space 11 so that when the user observes the luminaire, only the aesthetically pleasing transparent structure (e.g., columnar structure 1) is visible, and the large area of ​​milky white light diffuser cover cannot be observed.

[0139] In some embodiments, the diffuser 6 is used to convert one or more point light sources provided by the light source mechanism 5 into surface light sources that are directed toward the guide beam column 1.

[0140] In some embodiments, the outer diameter of the light-diffusing plate 6 matches the outer diameter of the first housing 41, one end of the first housing 41 abuts against one side of the light-diffusing plate 6, and the other side of the light-diffusing plate 6 is in contact with the bottom surface 11a of the second accommodating space 11 (e.g., the upper bottom surface of the second accommodating space 11 shown in FIG5 and FIG6).

[0141] In one or more embodiments of this specification, referring to FIG12, heat dissipation holes 414 are provided on the second annular structure 412. In some embodiments, multiple heat dissipation holes 414 may be provided on the second annular structure 412, and the multiple heat dissipation holes 414 may be arranged in a ring array. In some embodiments, the heat dissipation holes 414 may be arc-shaped or waist-shaped. In some embodiments, the heat dissipation holes 414 are used to dissipate heat from the circuit board.

[0142] In one or more embodiments of this specification, the luminaire including the light guide column can be a wall luminaire, such as a fixed wall lamp, a detachable wall lamp, or a portable wall lamp with a plug. In some embodiments, the luminaire including the light guide column can also be various forms such as a ceiling lamp, a pendant lamp, a floor lamp, or a table lamp. In some embodiments, the luminaire including the light guide column can be installed indoors, outdoors, or inside a mobile vehicle. In some embodiments, in the usage scenario, the light guide column of the luminaire can be arranged horizontally, vertically, or at an angle. In some embodiments, the luminaire can include one light guide column or multiple light guide columns.

[0143] In one or more embodiments of this specification, the light guide post has a light intensity distribution curve. Figures 16, 18, 20, and 23 are schematic diagrams of the light intensity distribution curves of the light guide post according to some different embodiments of this specification. Referring to Figures 16, 18, 20, and 23, in some embodiments, at least a portion of the light intensity distribution curve of the light guide post is serrated (or has a serrated structure).

[0144] A luminous intensity distribution curve is a graphical representation of the luminous intensity (unit: candela, cd) of a light source (or luminaire) in different directions in space, expressed using polar or rectangular coordinate systems. The luminous intensity distribution curve is a function graph (I(θ,φ)) showing the variation of the luminous intensity of a light source with spatial angle.

[0145] In the embodiments shown in Figures 16, 18, 20, and 23, the interior of the columnar structure 1 of the light guide pillar includes a second region 22, a first annular region 21, and another second region 22 from the center to the outside. The left image in Figures 16, 18, 20, and 23 shows the light intensity distribution curve in a polar coordinate system, where polar coordinates represent spatial distribution and radial distance represents luminous intensity. The right image in Figures 16, 18, 20, and 23 shows the light intensity distribution curve in a rectangular coordinate system, where the horizontal axis represents spatial distribution and the vertical axis represents luminous intensity.

[0146] Each of the distribution patterns in Figures 16, 18, 20, and 23 shows two light intensity distribution curves, which respectively represent the light intensity distribution curves in two different measurement planes (C-Planes). The measurement plane is a vertical plane passing through the luminaire's light-emitting center and a reference axis (e.g., a vertical axis). In one or more embodiments of this specification, the measurement plane is a vertical plane passing through the central axis of the columnar structure 1 of the light guide and a reference axis perpendicular to that central axis. In some embodiments, two measurement planes may be included to represent the light intensity distribution of the light guide in two directions. In some embodiments, the two measurement planes may be arranged perpendicularly. Referring to Figure 24, an example of a measurement plane for the light intensity distribution curves is shown, which includes a C0°-C180° measurement plane (corresponding to the C0-180 light intensity distribution curves in Figures 16, 18, 20, and 23) and a C90°-C270° measurement plane (corresponding to the C90-270 light intensity distribution curves in Figures 16, 18, 20, and 23).

[0147] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 16, 18, 20, and 23, at least a portion of the C0-180 light intensity distribution curve of the light guide post is serrated (or has a serrated structure). In some embodiments, at least a portion of the C90-270 light intensity distribution curve of the light guide post is serrated (or has a serrated structure).

[0148] In some embodiments, the light intensity distribution curve of the light guide column includes a first light intensity distribution region A and two second light intensity distribution regions B located on both sides of the first light intensity distribution region A.

[0149] In some embodiments, the light intensity distribution curve in the first light intensity distribution region A exhibits a horizontal trend. In some embodiments, the light intensity distribution curve in the second light intensity distribution region B exhibits an upward or downward trend.

[0150] In some embodiments, at least one of the light intensity distribution curves in the first light intensity distribution region A and the second light intensity distribution region B is sawtooth-shaped. In some embodiments, the light intensity distribution curve in the first light intensity distribution region A is sawtooth-shaped. In some embodiments, a portion of the light intensity distribution curve in the first light intensity distribution region A is sawtooth-shaped. In some embodiments, all the light intensity distribution curves in the first light intensity distribution region A are sawtooth-shaped. In some embodiments, the light intensity distribution curve in the second light intensity distribution region B is sawtooth-shaped.

[0151] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the light intensity distribution curves in the first light intensity distribution region A and the second light intensity distribution region B are serrated (or have a serrated structure). In some embodiments, the light intensity distribution curve in the second light intensity distribution region B includes a smooth portion and a serrated portion, the serrated portion being adjacent to the first light intensity distribution region. In some embodiments, referring to Figures 16, 18, 20, and 23, a smooth portion is formed on the left side of the second light intensity distribution region B with an upward trend, and a serrated portion is formed on the right side of the second light intensity distribution region B with an upward trend; a serrated portion is formed on the left side of the second light intensity distribution region B with a downward trend, and a smooth portion is formed on the right side of the second light intensity distribution region B with a downward trend.

[0152] In some embodiments, the aforementioned sawtooth shape or sawtooth portion refers to a light intensity distribution curve composed of linear segments (e.g., straight or curved segments). In some embodiments, these straight or curved segments are connected at acute angles to form a periodic "rise-fall" or "rise-reset" pattern.

[0153] In some embodiments, the aforementioned sawtooth or sawtooth portion refers to the inflection point of the light intensity distribution curve having periodicity or non-periodicity.

[0154] In some embodiments, the aforementioned sawtooth or sawtooth portion refers to a light intensity distribution curve that is continuous (without discontinuities) but not differentiable (the derivative is discontinuous or nonexistent at inflection points).

[0155] For example, at least a portion of the light intensity distribution curve of the light guide pillar includes straight line segments and / or curved segments connected at acute angles, with adjacent straight line segments and / or curved segments forming inflection points (e.g., sharp inflection points). For example, at least a portion of the light intensity distribution curve of the light guide pillar includes a plurality of inflection points, and the light intensity distribution curve of the light guide pillar is not differentiable at the inflection points.

[0156] In some related embodiments, the luminous intensity distribution curve of the luminaire is smooth without abrupt changes, and the illumination is uniform. In one or more embodiments of this specification, the luminous intensity distribution curve of the luminaire has abrupt changes and multiple consecutive abrupt changes, so that while the illumination has a certain uniformity over a large area, it has stripes of light and dark transitions in a small area, such as water ripples with light and dark transitions, thereby creating a good visual effect while ensuring illumination.

[0157] In some embodiments, the sawtooth structure of the light intensity distribution curve (e.g., the sawtooth structure in the first light intensity distribution region A and / or the sawtooth structure in the second light intensity distribution region B) can be formed by the refraction of light at the bubble 3. In some embodiments, the light guide pillar includes a light incident surface (e.g., the lower surface of the pillar structure 1 in FIG. 1) and a light emitting surface. In some embodiments, the light emitting surface may include a first light emitting surface 1a and a second light emitting surface 1b, the first light emitting surface 1a being provided by at least a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the pillar structure 1 (e.g., the side surface of the pillar structure 1 in FIG. 1), and the second light emitting surface 1b being provided by at least a portion of the end face of one end of the pillar structure 1 (e.g., the upper surface of the pillar structure 1 in FIG. 1). In some embodiments, the light incident surface is planar. In some embodiments, the second light emitting surface 1b is planar.

[0158] In some embodiments, light enters the interior of the columnar structure 1 from the light incident surface. In some embodiments, the light may enter the interior of the columnar structure 1 at an angle perpendicular to the light incident surface. In some embodiments, the light may be parallel light. In some embodiments, after entering the interior of the columnar structure 1, the light undergoes a first refraction at the interface between the columnar structure 1 and the bubble 3, and then enters the interior of one of the bubbles 3. In some embodiments, after entering the interior of one bubble 3, the light is reflected at the interface between the bubble 3 and the columnar structure 1 (e.g., at the inner wall of the bubble 3). After entering the interior of one bubble 3, the light undergoes a second refraction at the interface between that bubble 3 and the columnar structure 1, exits that bubble 3 and enters the solid portion of the columnar structure 1, and further enters another bubble 3, or exits the columnar structure 1 from the first light emitting surface 1a or the second light emitting surface 1b.

[0159] In some embodiments, light can be reflected multiple times inside the same bubble 3. In some embodiments, light can be refracted multiple times at different bubbles 3. In some embodiments, light can enter the first bubble 3, then the second bubble 3, and then return to the first bubble 3.

[0160] In the above embodiments, the reflection of light inside the bubble 3 allows light to exit from various points on the inner wall of the bubble 3, thereby illuminating the bubble 3 and allowing the user to observe the luminous bubble 3 inside the columnar structure 1 from the outside of the transparent columnar structure 1. In the above embodiments, multiple reflections allow light to refract from different positions and angles of the bubble 3.

[0161] In the above embodiments, after light is refracted within one or more bubbles 3, it can exit from a first light-emitting surface 1a located on the side and also from a second light-emitting surface 1b located at the end, thereby forming peripheral illumination and end illumination, providing a very large illumination range. In the above embodiments, when light exits from the first light-emitting surface 1a and / or the second light-emitting surface 1b, due to refraction by one or more bubbles 3, the light is superimposed in some areas and reduced in others, thereby forming stripes of alternating light and dark, such as water ripples with alternating light and dark.

[0162] In one or more embodiments of this specification, the amplitude of the sawtooth patterns in a first light intensity distribution region A with a lateral trend is within a first range. In some embodiments, the sawtooth patterns in the first light intensity distribution region A with a lateral trend have the same or substantially the same amplitude, so that the resulting light-dark transition stripes still have a suitable lighting effect in the relatively darker areas. In some embodiments, the minimum amplitude of the sawtooth patterns in the first light intensity distribution region A with a lateral trend can be 8-12% of the maximum amplitude. In some embodiments, the minimum amplitude of the sawtooth patterns in the first light intensity distribution region A with a lateral trend can be 10% of the maximum amplitude.

[0163] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of a light guide column with an outer single-layer microbubble according to some embodiments of this specification, and Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the light intensity distribution curve of the light guide column with an outer single-layer microbubble shown in Figure 15. Referring to Figures 15 and 16, in one or more embodiments of this specification, the light guide column may have an outer single-layer microbubble. In some embodiments, the light guide column may include a first annular region 21, which may include a bubble 3 with a smaller diameter. In some embodiments, the number of first annular regions 21 is one, and the inner diameter of the first annular region 21 is greater than or equal to half the diameter of the columnar structure 1. In some embodiments, the light guide column may sequentially include a second region 22 located at the center, a first annular region 21 located in the middle, and a second region 22 located on the periphery from the center to the periphery. In some embodiments, the diameter of the columnar structure 1 of the light guide column may be 50±5 mm. In some embodiments, the diameter of the second region 22 located at the center may be approximately 26±2 mm, the ring width of the first annular region 21 located in the middle may be approximately 1.5 to 2 mm (e.g., equivalent to the width of a bubble 3), and the ring width of the second region 22 located on the periphery may be approximately 10±1 mm. In some embodiments, the diameter of the columnar structure 1 of the light guide can be selected according to device requirements. In some embodiments, the ring width of the first annular region 21 of the columnar structure 1 of the light guide can be adjusted according to the diameter of the bubble 3. In some embodiments, the diameter or ring width of the second region 22 of the columnar structure 1 of the light guide can be adjusted based on the ring width of the first annular region 21, the position of the first annular region 21 inside the columnar structure 1, and the light-emitting effect of the light guide.

[0164] In some embodiments, the diameter of bubble 3 is 1.5 to 2 mm, for example, the diameter of bubble 3 is 1.5 mm, 1.6 mm, 1.75 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.86 mm, 1.9 mm, 1.965 mm and / or 2.0 mm. In some embodiments, the maximum spacing between adjacent bubbles 3 is 10 to 15 mm, for example, the maximum spacing between adjacent bubbles 3 is 10 mm, 11 mm, 12.5 mm, 13.6 mm, 14 mm or 15 mm.

[0165] In some embodiments, adjacent bubbles 3 refer to two bubbles 3 within the same first annular region 21 that are physically closest to each other, with no other bubbles 3 closer to either of them. In some embodiments, the maximum spacing refers to the distance between two adjacent bubbles 3 with the largest spacing among all bubbles 3 within the same first annular region 21. It is understood that the distance between two adjacent bubbles 3 within the same first annular region 21 may be less than the maximum spacing. In some embodiments, the spacing between bubbles 3 refers to the shortest spatial distance between the surface of one bubble 3 and the surface of another bubble 3.

[0166] In some embodiments, the light guide column has a single layer of bubbles 3, and the bubbles 3 are small in size and sparsely distributed.

[0167] In some embodiments, referring to FIG16, the light intensity distribution curve of the light guide column having an outer single-layer microbubble includes a first light intensity distribution region A and two second light intensity distribution regions B located on both sides of the first light intensity distribution region A. In some embodiments, the light intensity distribution curve in the first light intensity distribution region A exhibits a horizontal trend. For example, the first light intensity distribution region A with a horizontal trend is formed within the approximately -30° to +30° directional angle range in FIG16. In some embodiments, the light intensity distribution curve in the second light intensity distribution region B exhibits an upward or downward trend. For example, the second light intensity distribution region B with an upward trend is formed within the approximately -90° to -30° directional angle range in FIG16, and the second light intensity distribution region B with a downward trend is formed within the approximately +30° to +90° directional angle range in FIG16.

[0168] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 16, the 50% beam angle of the light guide column is greater than 100°, providing a very wide illumination angle suitable for large-area illumination and capable of covering the entire space. For example, the beam angle of the C0°-C180° measurement plane of the light guide column is 102.9°. For example, the beam angle of the C90°-C270° measurement plane of the light guide column is 103.1°. In some embodiments, the 50% beam angle is also referred to as the half-peak beam angle. The 50% beam angle refers to the angle formed by the light rays on both sides when the light intensity drops to 50% of the maximum value at the center, with the central optical axis of the luminaire (e.g., a light guide column equipped with a light source) as a reference.

[0169] Figure 25 is a schematic flowchart of a method for manufacturing a light guide column according to some embodiments of this specification. Referring to Figure 25, in some embodiments, process 1000 is suitable for manufacturing a light guide column, which may include a columnar structure 1 made of transparent material. The interior of the columnar structure 1 includes at least one first annular region 21 centered on the axis of the columnar structure 1, and the interior of the first annular region 21 contains bubbles 3; at least a portion of the light intensity distribution curve of the light guide column is sawtooth-shaped. In some embodiments, process 1000 can be applied to manufacturing the above-described light guide column having an outer single-layer small bubble. In some embodiments, process 1000 may include:

[0170] Step 1100: Provide light guide column material, which includes materials for forming the first annular region 21, including plastic raw materials, fast-reaction foaming agents and slow-reaction foaming agents.

[0171] Step 1200: Implement temperature and pressure control on the light guide column material to form bubbles 3 inside the light guide column material.

[0172] Step 1300: Cool the light guide column material to solidify it and obtain the light guide column.

[0173] In some embodiments, the fast-reaction blowing agent can react rapidly and in large quantities to generate gas within its effective decomposition temperature range, thereby forming bubbles 3 or replenishing the gas within bubbles 3. In some embodiments, the fast-reaction blowing agent can react in small quantities to generate gas within a certain temperature range below its effective decomposition temperature range, for example, by undergoing a pre-decomposition reaction to generate gas. In some embodiments, the fast-reaction blowing agent can decompose violently at temperatures slightly above its effective decomposition temperature range. In some embodiments, the fast-reaction blowing agent can slow down or even completely stop reacting within a certain temperature range far above its effective decomposition temperature range.

[0174] In some embodiments, the slow-reaction foaming agent can continuously and stably react to generate gas within the effective decomposition temperature range, thereby forming bubbles 3 or replenishing the gas within bubbles 3. In some embodiments, the slow-reaction foaming agent can react in small amounts to generate gas within a certain temperature range below the effective decomposition temperature range, for example, by undergoing a pre-decomposition reaction to generate gas. In some embodiments, the slow-reaction foaming agent can gradually slow down until the reaction completely stops within a certain temperature range above the effective decomposition temperature range.

[0175] In some embodiments, the effective decomposition temperature range includes a minimum effective decomposition temperature and a maximum effective decomposition temperature. In some embodiments, the effective decomposition temperature refers to a temperature range that includes both the minimum and maximum effective decomposition temperatures. In some embodiments, when the temperature is between the minimum and maximum effective decomposition temperatures, the blowing agent can stably and controllably decompose and release gas. In some embodiments, within the effective decomposition temperature range, the blowing agent can begin to decompose and is able to decompose substantially completely, and the decomposition rate is relatively stable.

[0176] In some embodiments, when the temperature is below the effective decomposition temperature range, the foaming agent may be in a state of no decomposition or only slight decomposition, resulting in insufficient gas production. In some embodiments, when the temperature is slightly above the effective decomposition temperature range, the foaming agent may decompose rapidly in a very short time, releasing a large amount of gas. In some embodiments, when the temperature is much above the effective decomposition temperature range, the foaming agent may slow down or even completely stop the reaction.

[0177] In some embodiments, the effective decomposition temperature range of the fast-reaction blowing agent partially overlaps with that of the slow-reaction blowing agent. In some embodiments, the lowest effective decomposition temperature of the fast-reaction blowing agent is lower than the highest effective decomposition temperature of the slow-reaction blowing agent, and the highest effective decomposition temperature of the fast-reaction blowing agent is higher than that of the slow-reaction blowing agent. In some embodiments, the lowest effective decomposition temperature of the slow-reaction blowing agent is lower than the lowest effective decomposition temperature of the fast-reaction blowing agent, and the highest effective decomposition temperature of the slow-reaction blowing agent is higher than that of the fast-reaction blowing agent.

[0178] In some embodiments, the effective decomposition temperature ranges of the fast-reaction foaming agent and the slow-reaction foaming agent are configured to have overlapping and non-overlapping portions. In some embodiments, the above configuration allows the user to control the reaction process of the fast-reaction foaming agent and the slow-reaction foaming agent relatively independently by temperature during the gradual heating of the light guide column material, thereby controlling the amount of gas generated by the fast-reaction foaming agent and the amount of gas generated by the slow-reaction foaming agent, and further controlling the size of the bubbles 3.

[0179] In some embodiments, the fast-reaction blowing agent is azodicarbonamide blowing agent (ACA blowing agent), and the effective decomposition temperature range of the azodicarbonamide blowing agent can be 195 to 220°C.

[0180] In some embodiments, the slow-reaction blowing agent is a sodium bicarbonate-citric acid blowing agent (sodium bicarbonate blowing agent combined with citric acid), and the effective decomposition temperature range of the sodium bicarbonate-citric acid blowing agent can be 160–200°C. In some embodiments, the effective decomposition temperature range of the sodium bicarbonate-citric acid blowing agent can be adjusted by adjusting the content of citric acid in the sodium bicarbonate-citric acid blowing agent. In some embodiments, increasing the content of citric acid in the sodium bicarbonate-citric acid blowing agent can reduce the effective decomposition temperature range, for example, reducing the minimum effective decomposition temperature of the sodium bicarbonate-citric acid blowing agent to 140°C to 160°C.

[0181] In one or more embodiments of this specification, the light guide column may include a layer of bubbles. In some embodiments, the interior of the columnar structure 1 of the light guide column includes a first annular region 21 and a second region 22 centered on the axis of the columnar structure 1. The first annular region 21 contains bubbles 3, the diameter of which is 1.5–2 mm, and the maximum spacing between adjacent bubbles 3 is 10–15 mm.

[0182] In some embodiments, step 1100 may include: providing light guide post material, the light guide post material including a first material for forming a second region 22 located on the inner side, a second material for forming a first annular region 21 located in the middle, and a third material for forming a second region 22 located on the outer side, the first material and the third material both including plastic material, the second material including plastic material, fast-reaction foaming agent and slow-reaction foaming agent.

[0183] In some embodiments, the second material comprises, by weight parts: 98.8 to 99.5 parts of plastic raw material, 0.2 to 0.4 parts of fast-reaction foaming agent, and 0.8 to 1 part of slow-reaction foaming agent. For example, the second material may comprise, by weight parts: 98.8 parts of plastic raw material, 0.3 parts of fast-reaction foaming agent, and 0.9 parts of slow-reaction foaming agent. For example, 0.3 parts of fast-reaction foaming agent may comprise 0.3 parts of azodicarbonamide foaming agent. For example, 0.9 parts of slow-reaction foaming agent may comprise 0.7 parts of sodium bicarbonate combined with 0.2 parts of citric acid.

[0184] In some embodiments, step 1200 may include: subjecting the light guide column material to a first temperature and a first pressure to melt the plastic material while preventing the decomposition of fast-reacting and slow-reacting foaming agents. In some embodiments, the first temperature may be 160±1℃, for example, 160℃. Exemplarily, the first pressure may be 1.2±0.1MPa, for example, 1.2MPa. In some embodiments, the first pressure enables stable delivery of the molten light guide column material and effectively suppresses the foaming of fast-reacting and slow-reacting foaming agents.

[0185] In some embodiments, step 1200 may include: subjecting the light guide post material to a second temperature and a second pressure to induce the decomposition of a slow-reaction foaming agent; wherein the second temperature is within the effective decomposition temperature range of the slow-reaction foaming agent, the second temperature is lower than the minimum effective decomposition temperature of the fast-reaction foaming agent, and the second pressure is lower than the first pressure. In some embodiments, the second temperature may be 180±1℃, for example, 180℃. In some embodiments, at the second temperature, the slow-reaction foaming agent begins to decompose and generate microbubbles. In some embodiments, the second pressure may be 0.9±0.1MPa, for example, 0.9MPa. In some embodiments, a moderate second pressure can promote uniform dispersion of sodium bicarbonate within the plastic material and limit the premature expansion of microbubbles formed by sodium bicarbonate.

[0186] In some embodiments, step 1200 may include: subjecting the light guide column material to a third temperature and a third pressure to induce the decomposition of the fast-reaction foaming agent; wherein the third temperature is within the effective decomposition temperature range of both the slow-reaction foaming agent and the fast-reaction foaming agent, and the third pressure is lower than the second pressure. In some embodiments, the third temperature is 195±1°C, for example, 195°C. In some embodiments, at the third temperature, the slow-reaction foaming agent continues to decompose, while the fast-reaction foaming agent decomposes in small amounts to replenish the gas. In some embodiments, at the third temperature, the amount of fast-reaction foaming agent decomposed is less than 10%. In some embodiments, the third pressure is 0.6±0.1 MPa, for example, 0.6 MPa. In some embodiments, the lower third pressure allows small bubbles to grow slowly, and the fast-reaction foaming agent provides a small amount of gas to fill the voids.

[0187] In some embodiments, step 1200 may include subjecting the light guide post material to a fourth temperature and a fourth pressure to reduce or suppress the decomposition of the fast-reaction foaming agent; wherein the fourth temperature is lower than the minimum effective decomposition temperature of the fast-reaction foaming agent, and the fourth pressure includes an outer pressure and a central pressure (i.e., the fourth pressure is a gradient pressure), with the outer pressure being greater than the central pressure. In some embodiments, the fourth temperature is 170±1℃, for example, 170℃. In some embodiments, at the fourth temperature, the decomposition of the fast-reaction foaming agent is suppressed, thereby fixing the size of the bubbles 3. In some embodiments, the outer pressure of the fourth pressure is 1.5±0.1MPa, for example, 1.5MPa. In some embodiments, the central pressure of the fourth pressure is 0.6±0.1MPa, for example, 0.6MPa. In some embodiments, the high pressure at the periphery can compress the bubbles 3, causing the bubbles 3 to migrate inward, while the low pressure at the center can make the bubbles 3 uniformly arranged, refining the distribution of the bubbles 3.

[0188] In some embodiments, step 1300 may include: pre-cooling the light guide column material. In some embodiments, pre-cooling may include air cooling. In some embodiments, the cooling temperature of air cooling may be 35°C, and the air velocity may be 1.5 m / s. In some embodiments, the cooling rate of pre-cooling may be 0.8°C / s. In some embodiments, the light guide column material is cooled slowly as a whole during the pre-cooling process to avoid bubble shrinkage.

[0189] In some embodiments, step 1300 may include: performing primary cooling on the light guide column material. In some embodiments, primary cooling may include cooling in a warm water bath. In some embodiments, the cooling temperature of the warm water bath may be 60°C, and the flow rate of the warm water bath may be 5 L / min. In some embodiments, the cooling rate of primary cooling is greater than the cooling rate of pre-cooling. In some embodiments, the cooling rate of primary cooling may be three times or more the cooling rate of pre-cooling. In some embodiments, the cooling rate of primary cooling may be 2.5°C / s. In some embodiments, during the primary cooling process, the outer wall of the light guide column material solidifies at a medium speed to lock in the distribution of small air bubbles.

[0190] In some embodiments, step 1300 may include: performing final cooling on the light guide column material. In some embodiments, final cooling may include ice water spraying. In some embodiments, the spraying temperature of the ice water spraying may be 5°C, and the spraying pressure may be 0.25 MPa. In some embodiments, the cooling rate of final cooling is greater than the cooling rate of primary cooling. In some embodiments, the cooling rate of final cooling may be 1.5 to 2 times the cooling rate of primary cooling. In some embodiments, the cooling rate of final cooling may be 4°C / s. In some embodiments, the reaction of the light guide column material is rapidly terminated during final cooling to prevent subsequent deformation.

[0191] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of a light guide column with a bubble in a central monolayer according to some embodiments of this specification, and Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the light intensity distribution curve of the light guide column with a bubble in a central monolayer shown in Figure 17. Referring to Figures 17 and 18, in one or more embodiments of this specification, the light guide column may have a bubble in a central monolayer. In some embodiments, the light guide column may include a first annular region 21, and the first annular region 21 may include a bubble 3 of a suitable diameter. In some embodiments, the number of first annular regions 21 is one, and the outer diameter of the first annular region 21 is less than or equal to half the diameter of the columnar structure 1.

[0192] In some embodiments, the light guide post may sequentially include a second region 22 at the center, a first annular region 21 in the middle, and a second region 22 at the periphery, from the center to the periphery. In some embodiments, the diameter of the columnar structure 1 of the light guide post may be 50±5mm. In some embodiments, the diameter of the second region 22 at the center may be approximately 10±2mm, the ring width of the first annular region 21 in the middle may be approximately 3-4mm (e.g., equivalent to the width of a bubble 3), and the ring width of the second region 22 at the periphery may be approximately 16±1mm.

[0193] In some embodiments, the diameter of bubble 3 is 3-4 mm, for example, the diameter of bubble 3 is 3.1 mm, 3.25 mm, 3.3 mm, 3.4 mm, 3.485 mm, 3.6 mm, 3.862 mm and / or 4.0 mm. In some embodiments, the maximum spacing between adjacent bubbles 3 is 8-10 mm, for example, the maximum spacing between adjacent bubbles 3 is 8 mm, 8.5 mm, 8.8 mm, 9 mm, 9.65 mm or 10 mm.

[0194] In some embodiments, the light guide column has a single layer of bubbles 3, and the size and spacing of the bubbles 3 are moderate.

[0195] In some embodiments, referring to FIG18, the light intensity distribution curve of the light guide column having a bubble in a central single layer includes a first light intensity distribution region A and two second light intensity distribution regions B located on both sides of the first light intensity distribution region A. In some embodiments, the light intensity distribution curve in the first light intensity distribution region A exhibits a horizontal trend. For example, the first light intensity distribution region A with a horizontal trend is formed within the approximately -15° to +15° directional angle range in FIG18. In some embodiments, the light intensity distribution curve in the second light intensity distribution region B exhibits an upward or downward trend. For example, the second light intensity distribution region B with an upward trend is formed within the approximately -90° to -15° directional angle range in FIG18, and the second light intensity region B with a downward trend is formed within the approximately +15° to +90° directional angle range in FIG18.

[0196] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 18, the 50% beam angle of the light guide column ranges from 85° to 95°, providing a large illumination angle suitable for wide-area illumination and capable of covering the entire space. For example, the beam angle of the C0°-C180° measuring plane of the light guide column is 95.0°. For example, the beam angle of the C90°-C270° measuring plane of the light guide column is 89.7°. In some embodiments, the 50% beam angle is also referred to as the half-peak beam angle. The 50% beam angle refers to the angle formed by the light rays on both sides when the light intensity drops to 50% of the maximum value at the center, with the central optical axis of the luminaire (e.g., a light guide column equipped with a light source) as a reference.

[0197] In one or more embodiments of this specification, referring to FIG25, process 1000 can be applied to manufacture the above-described light guide column having a single layer of bubbles in the center. In some embodiments, the light guide column may include a layer of bubbles. In some embodiments, the interior of the columnar structure 1 of the light guide column includes a first annular region 21 and a second region 22 centered on the axis of the columnar structure 1. The first annular region 21 contains bubbles 3, the diameter of which is 3-4 mm, and the maximum spacing between adjacent bubbles 3 is 8-10 mm.

[0198] In some embodiments, step 1100 may include: providing light guide post material, the light guide post material including a first material for forming a second region 22 located on the inner side, a second material for forming a first annular region 21 located in the middle, and a third material for forming a second region 22 located on the outer side, the first material and the third material both including plastic material, the second material including plastic material, fast-reaction foaming agent and slow-reaction foaming agent.

[0199] In some embodiments, the second material comprises, by weight parts: 97.8 to 98.7 parts of plastic raw material, 0.5 to 0.7 parts of fast-reaction foaming agent, and 0.5 to 0.7 parts of slow-reaction foaming agent. For example, the second material may comprise, by weight parts: 98.5 parts of plastic raw material, 0.6 parts of fast-reaction foaming agent, and 0.6 parts of slow-reaction foaming agent. For example, 0.6 parts of fast-reaction foaming agent may comprise 0.6 parts of azodicarbonamide foaming agent. For example, 0.6 parts of slow-reaction foaming agent may comprise 0.4 parts of sodium bicarbonate combined with 0.2 parts of citric acid.

[0200] In some embodiments, step 1200 may include subjecting the light guide column material to a first temperature and a first pressure to melt the plastic material while preventing the decomposition of fast-reacting and slow-reacting foaming agents. In some embodiments, the first temperature may be 170±1℃, for example, 170℃. Exemplarily, the first pressure may be 1.3±0.1MPa, for example, 1.3MPa. In some embodiments, a slightly higher first pressure allows for relatively stable delivery of the more viscous light guide column material in a molten state, and effectively suppresses the foaming of fast-reacting and slow-reacting foaming agents.

[0201] In some embodiments, step 1200 may include: subjecting the light guide column material to a second temperature and a second pressure to induce the decomposition of the slow-reaction foaming agent; wherein the second temperature is within the effective decomposition temperature range of the slow-reaction foaming agent, the second temperature is lower than the minimum effective decomposition temperature of the fast-reaction foaming agent, and the second pressure is lower than the first pressure. In some embodiments, the second temperature may be 200±1°C, for example, 200°C. In some embodiments, at the second temperature, the slow-reaction foaming agent begins to decompose and generate microbubbles. In some embodiments, the second pressure may be 0.8±0.1 MPa, for example, 0.8 MPa. In some embodiments, the reduced second pressure relative to the first pressure can promote gas nucleation but inhibit premature expansion of microbubbles.

[0202] In some embodiments, step 1200 may include: subjecting the light guide column material to a third temperature and a third pressure to induce the decomposition of the fast-reaction foaming agent; wherein the third temperature is within the effective decomposition temperature range of both the slow-reaction foaming agent and the fast-reaction foaming agent, and the third pressure is lower than the second pressure. In some embodiments, the third temperature is 215±1°C, for example, 215°C. In some embodiments, at the third temperature, the fast-reaction foaming agent completely decomposes and produces gas, increasing the gas volume to form medium-sized bubbles. In some embodiments, the third pressure is 0.5±0.1 MPa, for example, 0.5 MPa. In some embodiments, a lower third pressure can accelerate bubble coalescence to 3-4 mm.

[0203] In some embodiments, step 1200 may include: subjecting the light guide column material to a fourth temperature and a fourth pressure to reduce or inhibit the decomposition of the fast-reaction foaming agent; wherein the fourth temperature is lower than the minimum effective decomposition temperature of the fast-reaction foaming agent, and the fourth pressure includes an outer pressure and a central pressure, with the outer pressure being greater than the central pressure. In some embodiments, the fourth temperature is 190±1℃, for example, 190℃. In some embodiments, at the fourth temperature, moderate cooling can balance the growth and shaping of bubbles. In some embodiments, the outer pressure of the fourth pressure is 1.5±0.1MPa, for example, 1.5MPa. In some embodiments, the central pressure of the fourth pressure is 0.5±0.1MPa, for example, 0.5MPa. In some embodiments, the high pressure at the periphery can compress the bubble 3, causing the bubble 3 to migrate inward and restricting the diffusion of the bubble 3, while the low pressure at the center can maintain the growth of the bubble 3.

[0204] In some embodiments, step 1300 may include pre-cooling the light guide column material. In some embodiments, pre-cooling may include air cooling. In some embodiments, the cooling temperature of air cooling may be 45°C, and the air velocity may be 2 m / s. In some embodiments, the cooling rate of pre-cooling may be 1.2°C / s. In some embodiments, the light guide column material is pre-cooled at a slightly faster rate during the pre-cooling process to limit excessive bubble growth.

[0205] In some embodiments, step 1300 may include: performing primary cooling on the light guide column material. In some embodiments, primary cooling may include cooling in a warm water bath. In some embodiments, the cooling temperature of the warm water bath may be 70°C, and the flow rate of the warm water bath may be 6 L / min. In some embodiments, the cooling rate of primary cooling is greater than the cooling rate of pre-cooling. In some embodiments, the cooling rate of primary cooling may be 2 to 3 times the cooling rate of pre-cooling. In some embodiments, the cooling rate of primary cooling may be 3°C / s. In some embodiments, during the primary cooling process, the outer wall of the light guide column material rapidly solidifies to prevent bubble diffusion.

[0206] In some embodiments, step 1300 may include: performing final cooling on the light guide column material. In some embodiments, final cooling may include ice water spraying. In some embodiments, the spraying temperature of the ice water spraying may be 8°C, and the spraying pressure may be 0.3 MPa. In some embodiments, the cooling rate of final cooling is greater than the cooling rate of primary cooling. In some embodiments, the cooling rate of final cooling may be 1.5 to 2 times the cooling rate of primary cooling. In some embodiments, the cooling rate of final cooling may be 5°C / s. In some embodiments, the reaction of the light guide column material is rapidly terminated during final cooling to lock the structure, prevent subsequent deformation, and reduce dimensional fluctuations.

[0207] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of a light guide column with an inner single-layer large bubble according to some embodiments of this specification, and Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of the light intensity distribution curve of the light guide column with an inner single-layer large bubble shown in Figure 19. Referring to Figures 19 and 20, in one or more embodiments of this specification, the light guide column may have an inner single-layer large bubble (the smaller bubble shown in Figure 19 is actually a smaller cross-section of the large bubble on the rear side). In some embodiments, the light guide column may include a first annular region 21, which may include a bubble 3 with a larger diameter. In some embodiments, the number of first annular regions 21 is one, and the outer diameter of the first annular region 21 is less than or equal to half the diameter of the columnar structure 1.

[0208] In some embodiments, the light guide post may sequentially include a second region 22 at the center, a first annular region 21 in the middle, and a second region 22 at the periphery, from the center to the periphery. In some embodiments, the diameter of the columnar structure 1 of the light guide post may be 50±5mm. In some embodiments, the diameter of the second region 22 at the center may be approximately 4±2mm, the ring width of the first annular region 21 in the middle may be approximately 5 to 7mm (e.g., equivalent to the width of a bubble 3), and the ring width of the second region 22 at the periphery may be approximately 16±1mm.

[0209] In some embodiments, the diameter of bubble 3 is 5 to 7 mm, for example, the diameter of bubble 3 is 5.1 mm, 5.25 mm, 5.6 mm, 6.0 mm, 6.152 mm, 6.5 mm, 6.85 mm and / or 7.0 mm. In some embodiments, the maximum spacing between adjacent bubbles 3 is 3 to 6 mm, for example, the maximum spacing between adjacent bubbles 3 is 3 mm, 3.5 mm, 4.8 mm, 5 mm, 5.65 mm or 6 mm.

[0210] In some embodiments, the light guide column has a single layer of bubbles 3, and the bubbles 3 are relatively large in size and densely distributed.

[0211] In some embodiments, referring to FIG20, the light intensity distribution curve of the light guide column having an inner single-layer large bubble includes a first light intensity distribution region A and two second light intensity distribution regions B located on both sides of the first light intensity distribution region A. In some embodiments, the light intensity distribution curve in the first light intensity distribution region A exhibits a horizontal trend. For example, the first light intensity distribution region A with a horizontal trend is formed within the approximately -13° to +13° directional angle range in FIG20. In some embodiments, the light intensity distribution curve in the second light intensity distribution region B exhibits an upward or downward trend. For example, the second light intensity distribution region B with an upward trend is formed within the approximately -85° to -13° directional angle range in FIG20, and the second light intensity distribution region B with a downward trend is formed within the approximately +13° to +85° directional angle range in FIG20.

[0212] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 20, the 50% beam angle of the light guide column ranges from 80 to 90°, providing a large illumination angle suitable for wide-area illumination and capable of covering the entire space. For example, the beam angle of the C0°-C180° measurement plane of the light guide column is 83.5°. For example, the beam angle of the C90°-C270° measurement plane of the light guide column is 87.8°. In some embodiments, the 50% beam angle is also referred to as the half-peak beam angle. The 50% beam angle refers to the angle formed by the light rays on both sides when the light intensity drops to 50% of the maximum value at the center, with the central optical axis of the luminaire (e.g., a light guide column equipped with a light source) as a reference.

[0213] In one or more embodiments of this specification, referring to FIG25, process 1000 can be applied to manufacture the above-described light guide column having an inner single-layer large bubble. In some embodiments, the light guide column may include a layer of bubbles. In some embodiments, the interior of the columnar structure 1 of the light guide column includes a first annular region 21 and a second region 22 centered on the axis of the columnar structure 1. The first annular region 21 contains bubbles 3, the diameter of which is 5-7 mm, and the maximum spacing between adjacent bubbles 3 is 3-6 mm.

[0214] In some embodiments, step 1100 may include: providing light guide post material, the light guide post material including a first material for forming a second region 22 located on the inner side, a second material for forming a first annular region 21 located in the middle, and a third material for forming a second region 22 located on the outer side, the first material and the third material both including plastic material, the second material including plastic material, fast-reaction foaming agent and slow-reaction foaming agent.

[0215] In some embodiments, the second material comprises, by weight parts: 96-97.5 parts of plastic raw material, 0.8-1 part of fast-reaction foaming agent, and 0.3-0.45 parts of slow-reaction foaming agent. For example, the second material may comprise, by weight parts: 97 parts of plastic raw material, 0.9 parts of fast-reaction foaming agent, and 0.4 parts of slow-reaction foaming agent. For example, 0.9 parts of fast-reaction foaming agent may comprise 0.9 parts of azodicarbonamide foaming agent. For example, 0.4 parts of slow-reaction foaming agent may comprise 0.3 parts of sodium bicarbonate combined with 0.1 parts of citric acid.

[0216] In some embodiments, step 1200 may include: subjecting the light guide column material to a first temperature and a first pressure to melt the plastic material while preventing the decomposition of fast-reacting and slow-reacting foaming agents. In some embodiments, the first temperature may be 180±1℃, for example, 180℃. In some embodiments, a slightly higher melting temperature can accommodate a high foaming agent content. Exemplarily, the first pressure may be 1.5±0.1MPa, for example, 1.5MPa. In some embodiments, a higher first pressure allows for relatively stable delivery of the highly viscous light guide column material in a molten state and better suppresses the foaming of fast-reacting and slow-reacting foaming agents.

[0217] In some embodiments, step 1200 may include: subjecting the light guide column material to a second temperature and a second pressure to induce the decomposition of the slow-reaction foaming agent and the fast-reaction foaming agent; wherein the second temperature is within the effective decomposition temperature range of both the slow-reaction foaming agent and the fast-reaction foaming agent, and the second pressure is lower than the first pressure. In some embodiments, the second temperature may be 210±1℃, for example, 210℃. In some embodiments, at the second temperature, both the fast-reaction foaming agent and the slow-reaction foaming agent are simultaneously activated and generate gas. In some embodiments, the second pressure may be 0.6±0.1MPa, for example, 0.6MPa. In some embodiments, a lower second pressure can promote gas nucleation and coalescence.

[0218] In some embodiments, step 1200 may include subjecting the light guide column material to a third temperature and a third pressure to further decompose the fast-reaction foaming agent; wherein the third temperature is greater than the highest effective decomposition temperature of the fast-reaction foaming agent, and the third pressure is less than the second pressure. In some embodiments, the third temperature is 230±1℃, for example, 230℃. In some embodiments, at the third temperature, the ultra-high temperature can accelerate the decomposition of the fast-reaction foaming agent, and the gas expands violently to form large bubbles. In some embodiments, the third pressure is 0.2±0.1MPa, for example, 0.2MPa. In some embodiments, the ultra-low third pressure can maximize the expansion of the bubbles, allowing the bubble diameter to reach 5-7mm.

[0219] In some embodiments, step 1200 may include subjecting the light guide post material to a fourth temperature and a fourth pressure to reduce the decomposition of the fast-reacting foaming agent; wherein the fourth temperature is within the effective decomposition temperature range of both the slow-reacting and fast-reacting foaming agents, the fourth temperature is lower than the second temperature, and the fourth pressure includes a peripheral pressure and a central pressure, with the peripheral pressure being greater than the central pressure. In some embodiments, the fourth temperature is 200 ± 1°C, for example, 200°C. In some embodiments, the temperature is moderately maintained at the fourth temperature to further fine-tune the bubble size. In some embodiments, the peripheral pressure of the fourth pressure is 1.0 ± 0.1 MPa, for example, 1.0 MPa. In some embodiments, the central pressure of the fourth pressure is 0.2 ± 0.1 MPa, for example, 0.2 MPa. In some embodiments, the lower peripheral pressure combined with the lower central pressure allows a small number of bubbles to migrate, forming a natural gradient.

[0220] In some embodiments, step 1300 may include: pre-cooling the light guide post material. In some embodiments, pre-cooling may include air cooling. In some embodiments, the cooling temperature of air cooling may be 50°C, and the air velocity may be 3 m / s. In some embodiments, the cooling rate of pre-cooling may be 1.5°C / s. In some embodiments, the light guide post material can accelerate surface curing and limit the disordered diffusion of bubbles during the pre-cooling process.

[0221] In some embodiments, step 1300 may include: performing primary cooling on the light guide column material. In some embodiments, primary cooling may include cooling in a warm water bath. In some embodiments, the cooling temperature of the warm water bath may be 80°C, and the flow rate of the warm water bath may be 8 L / min. In some embodiments, the cooling rate of primary cooling is greater than the cooling rate of pre-cooling. In some embodiments, the cooling rate of primary cooling may be 2 to 3 times the cooling rate of pre-cooling. In some embodiments, the cooling rate of primary cooling may be 4°C / s. In some embodiments, the high-temperature water in the warm water bath can delay the cooling of the center of the light guide column and promote the coalescence of bubbles.

[0222] In some embodiments, step 1300 may include: performing final cooling on the light guide column material. In some embodiments, final cooling may include ice water spraying. In some embodiments, the spraying temperature of the ice water spraying may be 5°C, and the spraying pressure may be 0.4 MPa. In some embodiments, the cooling rate of final cooling is greater than the cooling rate of primary cooling. In some embodiments, the cooling rate of final cooling may be 1.5 to 2 times the cooling rate of primary cooling. In some embodiments, the cooling rate of final cooling may be 7°C / s. In some embodiments, the light guide column material is rapidly cooled during the final cooling process, thereby locking the large bubble structure.

[0223] Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of a double-layered bubble light guide column according to some embodiments of this specification. Referring to Figure 21, in one or more embodiments of this specification, the light guide column may have a double-layered bubble. In some embodiments, the light guide column may include a first annular region 21, which may include a bubble 3, and the number of first annular regions 21 may be two. In some embodiments, the bubble 3 includes a first bubble 31 and a second bubble 32. In some embodiments, one first annular region 21 contains a first bubble 31, and the other first annular region 21 contains a second bubble 32. In some embodiments, the diameter of the first bubble 31 is smaller than the diameter of the second bubble 32. In some embodiments, the first annular region 21 containing the first bubble 31 surrounds the outside of the first annular region 21 containing the second bubble 32.

[0224] In some embodiments, the light guide post may sequentially include, from the center to the periphery, a second region 22 located at the center, a first annular region 21 located in the middle, a second region 22 located in the middle, another first annular region 21 located in the middle, and a second region 22 located on the periphery. In some embodiments, the diameter of the columnar structure 1 of the light guide post may be 50±5mm. In some embodiments, the diameter of the second region 22 located at the center may be approximately 4±2mm, the ring width of the first annular region 21 located in the middle may be approximately 5-7mm (e.g., equivalent to the width of a second bubble 32), the ring width of the second region 22 located in the middle may be approximately 8±1mm, the ring width of the other first annular region located in the middle may be approximately 1.5-2mm (e.g., equivalent to the width of a first bubble 31), and the ring width of the second region 22 located on the periphery may be approximately 10mm.

[0225] In some embodiments, the diameter of the first bubble 31 is 1.5 to 2 mm, for example, the diameter of the first bubble 31 is 1.5 mm, 1.55 mm, 1.6 mm, 1.7 mm, 1.72 mm, 1.85 mm, 1.9 mm and / or 2.0 mm. In some embodiments, the maximum spacing between adjacent first bubbles 31 is 8 to 10 mm, for example, the maximum spacing between adjacent first bubbles 31 is 8 mm, 8.2 mm, 8.5 mm, 9 mm, 9.65 mm or 10 mm.

[0226] In some embodiments, the diameter of the second bubble 32 is 5 to 7 mm, for example, the diameter of the second bubble 32 is 5 mm, 5.5 mm, 5.6 mm, 6 mm, 6.15 mm, 6.85 mm, 6.9 mm and / or 7.0 mm. In some embodiments, the maximum spacing between adjacent second bubbles 32 is 3 to 6 mm, for example, the maximum spacing between adjacent second bubbles 32 is 3 mm, 4 mm, 4.5 mm, 5 mm, 5.65 mm or 6 mm.

[0227] In some embodiments, the light guide column has a double layer of bubbles 3 (e.g., a first bubble 31 and a second bubble 32), with the inner second bubble 32 being larger in size and having a moderate distribution spacing, and the outer first bubble 31 being smaller in size and having a denser distribution spacing.

[0228] In one or more embodiments of this specification, the number of first annular regions 21 is two or more, such as three, four, or five. In some embodiments, the bubble 3 includes a first bubble and a second bubble, and may further include a sixth, seventh, or eighth bubble. In some embodiments, one or more first annular regions 21 have a bubble 3 of one size inside, and another one or more first annular regions 21 have a bubble 3 of another size inside. In some embodiments, the smaller bubble 3 may surround the larger bubble 3. In other embodiments, the larger bubble 3 may surround the smaller bubble 3. In still other embodiments, the smaller and larger bubbles 3 may be arranged alternately.

[0229] For example, a columnar structure 1 has multiple layers of first annular regions 21 inside, such as two or more layers of first annular regions 21, and the size of the bubbles 3 in each layer of first annular region 21 decreases sequentially from the inside to the outside. In some embodiments, incident light is scattered outward by the bubbles 3 in the inner first annular region 21, and the first light is further scattered outward by the bubbles 3 in the middle or outer first annular region 21. In some embodiments, the larger bubbles 3 in the inner first annular region 21 can be used to distribute the light to various angles, while the smaller bubbles 3 in the outer first annular region 21 can be used to adjust the intensity distribution of the light at various angles to form a more uniform and soft lighting effect with water ripples.

[0230] For example, in two adjacent first annular regions 21, the number of bubbles 3 in the first annular region 21 closer to the outer surface of the columnar structure 1 is greater than the number of bubbles 3 in the first annular region 21 closer to the center of the columnar structure 1. In some embodiments, since the bubbles 3 in the outermost first annular region 21 are smaller, the number of bubbles 3 in the outermost first annular region 21 can be greater to achieve more and denser refraction, thereby creating a soft light effect.

[0231] In one or more embodiments of this specification, referring to FIG25, process 1000 can be applied to manufacture the above-described light guide column with double-layered bubbles. In some embodiments, the light guide column may include two layers of bubbles. In some embodiments, the interior of the columnar structure 1 of the light guide column includes a first annular region 21 and a second region 22 centered on the axis of the columnar structure 1. The first annular region 21 and the second region 22 are arranged alternately from the center of the columnar structure 1 to the outer side of the columnar structure 1. The number of first annular regions 21 is at least two, one of which has a first bubble 31 inside, and the other has a second bubble 32 inside. In some embodiments, the diameter of the second bubble 32 inside the first annular region 21 near the center is 5-7 mm, and the diameter of the first bubble 31 inside the first annular region 21 near the outer side is 1.5-2 mm.

[0232] In some embodiments, step 1100 may include: providing light guide post material, the light guide post material including a first material for forming a second region 22 located on the inner side, a second material and a third material for forming two first annular regions 21 located in the middle, a fourth material for forming a second region 22 located between the two first annular regions 21, and a fifth material for forming a second region 22 located on the outer side, the second material and the third material both including plastic raw material, fast-reaction foaming agent and slow-reaction foaming agent, and the first material, the fourth material and the fifth material all including plastic raw material.

[0233] In some embodiments, the second material used to form the first annular region 21 located on the inner side of the center comprises, by weight, 98 parts of plastic raw material and 0.8 parts of fast-reaction foaming agent.

[0234] In some embodiments, the third material used to form the outermost first annular region 21 located in the center comprises, by weight, 98 parts of plastic raw material and 0.8 parts of slow-reaction foaming agent. For example, the 0.8 parts of slow-reaction foaming agent may comprise 0.6 parts of sodium bicarbonate combined with 0.2 parts of citric acid.

[0235] In some embodiments, providing the light guide post material in step 1100 may include providing a first material, a fourth material, and a fifth material, followed by providing a second material and a third material after a first time interval. In some embodiments, the first material, the fourth material, and the fifth material are provided first, and then the second material and the third material are provided 2 to 3 seconds later, so that the first material, the fourth material, and the fifth material form a barrier first.

[0236] In some embodiments, the injection rates of the first, fourth, and fifth materials are greater than the injection rate of the second material. In some embodiments, the injection rates of the first, fourth, and fifth materials are greater than the injection rate of the third material. In some embodiments, the injection rate of the second material is less than the injection rate of the third material.

[0237] In some embodiments, step 1200 may include: independently implementing temperature control and pressure control on the second material and the third material, respectively, so that a first bubble and a second bubble are formed independently inside the second material and the third material, respectively.

[0238] In some embodiments, temperature control and pressure control are implemented independently for the second material and the third material, respectively, so that a first bubble and a second bubble are formed independently inside the second material and the third material, respectively, which may include:

[0239] S1: Melts the second and third materials while preventing the decomposition of fast-reacting and slow-reacting foaming agents, and applies different pressures to the second and third materials.

[0240] S2: The temperature of the second material is placed within the effective decomposition temperature range of both the slow-reaction foaming agent and the fast-reaction foaming agent, so that both the slow-reaction and fast-reaction foaming agents begin to decompose; the temperature of the third material is placed within the effective decomposition temperature range of the slow-reaction foaming agent, and the temperature of the third material is lower than the minimum effective decomposition temperature of the fast-reaction foaming agent, so that the slow-reaction foaming agent begins to decompose.

[0241] S3: Make the temperature of the second material greater than or equal to the maximum effective decomposition temperature of the fast-reaction foaming agent, so that the fast-reaction foaming agent is completely decomposed; make the temperature of the third material within the effective decomposition temperature range of the slow-reaction foaming agent and the effective decomposition temperature range of the fast-reaction foaming agent, so that the slow-reaction foaming agent and the fast-reaction foaming agent are decomposed.

[0242] S4: Reduce the temperature of the second and third materials to fix the positions of the two first annular regions.

[0243] In some embodiments, S1 may include: subjecting the second material to a first inner layer temperature and a first inner layer pressure, and subjecting the third material to a first outer layer temperature and a first outer layer pressure, to melt the plastic raw material while preventing the decomposition of fast-reacting and slow-reacting foaming agents. In some embodiments, the first inner layer temperature and the second inner layer temperature are equal. In some embodiments, the first inner layer temperature and the first outer layer temperature may both be 170±1℃, for example, 170℃. In some embodiments, the first inner layer pressure may be 1.0±0.1MPa, for example, 1.0MPa. In some embodiments, the first outer layer pressure may be 1.2±0.1MPa, for example, 1.2MPa. In some embodiments, independent first inner layer pressure and first outer layer pressure can prevent interlayer penetration while stably conveying the melt.

[0244] In some embodiments, S2 may include: subjecting the second material to a second inner layer temperature and a second inner layer pressure, and subjecting the third material to a second outer layer temperature and a second outer layer pressure, to pre-decompose the fast-reacting blowing agent in the second material and to activate the slow-reacting blowing agent in the third material. In some embodiments, the second inner layer temperature may be 210±1°C, for example, 210°C, to pre-decompose the fast-reacting blowing agent. In some embodiments, the second outer layer temperature may be 180±1°C, for example, 180°C, to activate the slow-reacting blowing agent. In some embodiments, the second inner layer pressure may be 0.5±0.1 MPa, for example, 0.5 MPa. In some embodiments, the second outer layer pressure may be 0.8±0.1 MPa, for example, 0.8 MPa. In some embodiments, the outer third material is at a medium pressure to limit bubble diffusion, and the inner second material is at a low pressure to promote bubble growth.

[0245] In some embodiments, S2 may further include performing a first stirring on the second material, keeping the fourth material stationary, and performing a second stirring on the third material. In some embodiments, the stirring speed of the first stirring is greater than the stirring speed of the second stirring. In some embodiments, the stirring speed of the first stirring located in the inner middle layer may be 20 rpm, which has low shear force and is suitable for protecting large bubbles. In some embodiments, the fourth material located between the inner and outer middle layers is kept stationary to maintain isolation. In some embodiments, keeping the fourth material stationary means that the fourth material is not stirred, but is still allowed to move along the extrusion direction of the material. In some embodiments, the stirring speed of the second stirring located in the outer middle layer may be 40 rpm, which has high shear force and is suitable for refining small bubbles.

[0246] In some embodiments, S3 may include: subjecting the second material to a third inner layer temperature and a third inner layer pressure, and subjecting the third material to a third outer layer temperature and a third outer layer pressure. In some embodiments, the third inner layer temperature may be 225±1°C, for example, 225°C, to allow the fast-reacting blowing agent in the second material to completely decompose and form large bubbles. In some embodiments, the third outer layer temperature may be 200±1°C, for example, 200°C, to allow the slow-reacting blowing agent in the third material to steadily decompose and form small bubbles. In some embodiments, the third inner layer pressure may be 0.3±0.1 MPa, for example, 0.3 MPa. In some embodiments, the third outer layer pressure may be 0.7±0.1 MPa, for example, 0.7 MPa. In some embodiments, the outer third material is maintained at a medium pressure to refine the bubbles, while the inner second material is subjected to an ultra-low pressure to enlarge the bubble size.

[0247] In some embodiments, S4 may include: subjecting the second material to a fourth inner layer temperature and a fourth inner layer pressure, subjecting the third material to a fourth outer layer temperature and a fourth outer layer pressure, and simultaneously subjecting the fourth material to a fourth intermediate layer pressure. In some embodiments, the fourth inner layer temperature and the fourth outer layer temperature are equal. In some embodiments, the fourth inner layer temperature and the fourth outer layer temperature may both be 190±1℃, for example, 190℃, to achieve overall cooling and thus fix the bilayer structure. In some embodiments, the fourth outer layer pressure is greater than the fourth intermediate layer pressure, and the fourth intermediate layer pressure is greater than the fourth inner layer pressure. In some embodiments, the fourth inner layer pressure may be 0.3±0.1MPa, for example, 0.3MPa. In some embodiments, the fourth intermediate layer pressure may be 1.0±0.1MPa, for example, 1.0MPa. In some embodiments, the fourth outer layer pressure may be 1.5±0.1MPa, for example, 1.5MPa. In some embodiments, the fourth inner layer pressure, the fourth intermediate layer pressure, and the fourth outer layer pressure form a three-layer pressure gradient to lock the position of bubbles in the two first annular regions 21.

[0248] In some embodiments, step 1300 may include: independently cooling the second material and the third material to solidify the light guide column raw material to obtain a light guide column.

[0249] In some embodiments, step 1300 may include pre-cooling the light guide column material. In some embodiments, pre-cooling may include air cooling. In some embodiments, the cooling temperature of air cooling may be 40°C, and the air velocity may be 2 m / s. In some embodiments, the cooling rate of pre-cooling may be 1°C / s. In some embodiments, the light guide column material cools slowly during pre-cooling, allowing the large bubble in the center to continue to expand.

[0250] In some embodiments, step 1300 may include: performing primary cooling on the light guide column material. In some embodiments, primary cooling may include cooling in a warm water bath. In some embodiments, the cooling temperature of the warm water bath may be 70°C, and the flow rate of the warm water bath may be 6 L / min. In some embodiments, the cooling rate of primary cooling is greater than the cooling rate of pre-cooling. In some embodiments, the cooling rate of primary cooling may be 2 to 3 times the cooling rate of pre-cooling. In some embodiments, the cooling rate of primary cooling may be 3°C / s. In some embodiments, primary cooling enables the outer wall of the light guide column material to solidify rapidly, lock the distribution of small air bubbles, and maintain a certain degree of fluidity in the central portion.

[0251] In some embodiments, step 1300 may include: performing final cooling on the light guide column material. In some embodiments, final cooling may include ice water spraying. In some embodiments, the spraying temperature of the ice water spraying may be 10°C, and the spraying pressure may be 0.3 MPa. In some embodiments, the cooling rate of final cooling is greater than the cooling rate of primary cooling. In some embodiments, the cooling rate of final cooling may be 1.5 to 2 times the cooling rate of primary cooling. In some embodiments, the cooling rate of final cooling may be 5°C / s.

[0252] Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of a light guide column with an inner single-layer mixed-size bubble according to some embodiments of this specification, and Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of the light intensity distribution curve of the light guide column with an inner single-layer large bubble and small mixed-size bubble shown in Figure 22. Referring to Figures 22 and 23, in one or more embodiments of this specification, the light guide column may have an inner single-layer mixed-size bubble. In some embodiments, the light guide column may include a first annular region 21, the first annular region 21 may include bubbles 3, the number of first annular regions 21 may be one, and the bubbles 3 include a third bubble and a fourth bubble, the diameter of the third bubble being smaller than the diameter of the fourth bubble. In other words, the same annular region 21 contains two different diameter bubbles 3 (e.g., a third bubble and a fourth bubble).

[0253] In some embodiments, the light guide post may sequentially include a second region 22 at the center, a first annular region 21 in the middle, and a second region 22 at the periphery, from the center to the periphery. In some embodiments, the diameter of the columnar structure 1 of the light guide post may be 50±5mm. In some embodiments, the diameter of the second region 22 at the center may be approximately 4±2mm, the ring width of the first annular region 21 in the middle may be approximately 5 to 8mm, and the ring width of the second region 22 at the periphery may be approximately 15±1mm.

[0254] In some embodiments, the diameter of the third bubble is 1.5–2 mm, for example, the diameter of the third bubble is 1.5 mm, 1.5 mm, 1.6 mm, 1.65 mm, 1.752 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.95 mm, and / or 2.0 mm. In some embodiments, the diameter of the fourth bubble is 5–7 mm, for example, the diameter of the fourth bubble is 5.0 mm, 5.25 mm, 5.6 mm, 5.65 mm, 6.0 mm, 6.5 mm, 6.85 mm, and / or 7.0 mm. In some embodiments, the maximum spacing between adjacent bubbles 3 is 3–6 mm, for example, the maximum spacing between adjacent bubbles (including the third bubble and the fourth bubble) is 3 mm, 3.5 mm, 4.8 mm, 5 mm, 5.65 mm, or 6 mm.

[0255] In some embodiments, adjacent bubbles 3 refer to two bubbles 3 (which can be the third or fourth bubble) within the same first annular region 21 that are physically closest to each other, with no other bubbles 3 directly approaching them. In some embodiments, the maximum spacing refers to the spacing between the two bubbles 3 (which can be the third or fourth bubble) with the largest spacing among all bubbles 3 within the same first annular region 21. It is understood that the spacing between bubbles 3 within the same first annular region 21 can be less than the maximum spacing. In some embodiments, the spacing between bubbles 3 refers to the shortest spatial distance between the surface of one bubble 3 and the surface of another bubble 3.

[0256] In some embodiments, the light guide column has a single layer of bubbles 3, and the bubbles 3 have different sizes, with bubbles of different sizes mixed and distributed at relatively dense intervals.

[0257] In some embodiments, referring to FIG23, the light intensity distribution curve of the light guide column having an inner single-layer mixed bubble includes a first light intensity distribution region A and two second light intensity distribution regions B located on both sides of the first light intensity distribution region A. In some embodiments, the light intensity distribution curve in the first light intensity distribution region A exhibits a horizontal trend. For example, the first light intensity distribution region A with a horizontal trend is formed within the approximately -12° to +12° directional angle range in FIG23. In some embodiments, the light intensity distribution curve in the second light intensity distribution region B exhibits an upward or downward trend. For example, the second light intensity distribution region B with an upward trend is formed within the approximately -80° to -12° directional angle range in FIG23, and the second light intensity distribution region B with a downward trend is formed within the approximately +12° to +80° directional angle range in FIG23.

[0258] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 23, the 50% beam angle of the light guide column ranges from 92 to 98°, providing a large illumination angle suitable for wide-area illumination and capable of covering the entire space. For example, the beam angle of the C0°-C180° measurement plane of the light guide column is 92.5°. For example, the beam angle of the C90°-C270° measurement plane of the light guide column is 93.9°. In some embodiments, the 50% beam angle is also referred to as the half-peak beam angle. The 50% beam angle refers to the angle formed by the light rays on both sides when the light intensity drops to 50% of the maximum value at the center, with the central optical axis of the luminaire (e.g., a light guide column equipped with a light source) as a reference.

[0259] In one or more embodiments of this specification, the number of first annular regions 21 is one, and the bubble 3 includes a third bubble and a fourth bubble, and may further include a ninth bubble and / or a tenth bubble with different diameters, etc.

[0260] In one or more embodiments of this specification, the light effect of the light guide column can be adjusted by setting the size of the bubble 3. In some embodiments, the larger the size of the bubble 3, the stronger the contrast of the light effect, and the more obvious the contrast between the bright and dark areas in the resulting light-dark stripes. In some embodiments, the smaller the size of the bubble 3, the softer the light effect, the more uniformly the light is scattered, and the smaller the contrast between the bright and dark areas in the resulting light-dark stripes.

[0261] In some embodiments, the shape of the light effect can be adjusted by setting the density of the bubbles 3. In some embodiments, the higher the density of the bubbles 3, the more complex the stripes between light and dark are formed, resulting in a higher level of artistic effect, but with some loss of brightness. In some embodiments, the lower the density of the bubbles 3, the simpler the light effect and the better the lighting effect.

[0262] In some embodiments, the spatial distribution of the bubbles 3 can also affect the light effect. In some embodiments, the more concentrated the distribution of the bubbles 3, the stronger the geometric characteristics of the light effect, such as the light effect being radial or a beam of light. In some embodiments, the more random the distribution of the bubbles 3, the higher the complexity of the light effect, and the more complex effects such as star projection can be formed.

[0263] In some embodiments, the shape of the bubble 3 can also affect the lighting effect. In some embodiments, the more regular the shape of the bubble 3, for example, the closer it is to a circle or an ellipse, the stronger the symmetry of the lighting effect and the more natural the halo transition. In some embodiments, the more irregular the shape of the bubble 3, the stronger the dynamic and artistic feel of the lighting effect.

[0264] In one or more embodiments of this specification, referring to FIG25, process 1000 can be applied to manufacture the above-described light guide column having an inner single-layer mixed bubble of varying sizes. In some embodiments, the light guide column may include a layer of bubbles. In some embodiments, the interior of the columnar structure 1 of the light guide column includes a first annular region 21 and a second region 22 centered on the axis of the columnar structure 1. The first annular region 21 contains a third bubble and a fourth bubble, the third bubble having a diameter of 1.5–2 mm, the fourth bubble having a diameter of 5–7 mm, and the maximum spacing between adjacent bubbles 3 being 3–6 mm.

[0265] In some embodiments, step 1100 may include: providing light guide post material, the light guide post material including a first material for forming a second region 22 located on the inner side, a second material for forming a first annular region 21 located in the middle, and a third material for forming a second region 22 located on the outer side, the first material and the third material both including plastic material, the second material including plastic material, fast-reaction foaming agent and slow-reaction foaming agent.

[0266] In some embodiments, the second material comprises, by weight, 97.5 parts of plastic raw material, 0.5 parts of fast-reaction foaming agent, and 0.8 parts of slow-reaction foaming agent. For example, 0.5 parts of fast-reaction foaming agent may include 0.5 parts of azodicarbonamide foaming agent. For example, 0.8 parts of slow-reaction foaming agent may include 0.5 parts of sodium bicarbonate combined with 0.3 parts of citric acid.

[0267] In some embodiments, step 1200 may include: subjecting the light guide column material to a first temperature and a first pressure to melt the plastic material while preventing the decomposition of fast-reacting and slow-reacting foaming agents. In some embodiments, the first temperature may be 175±1℃, for example, 175℃. In some embodiments, a slightly higher melting temperature can accommodate a high foaming agent content, and the first temperature allows for uniform melting and avoids localized concentration of the foaming agent. Exemplarily, the first pressure may be 1.3±0.1MPa, for example, 1.3MPa. In some embodiments, a higher first pressure allows for relatively stable delivery of the highly viscous light guide column material in a molten state, and effectively suppresses the foaming of fast-reacting and slow-reacting foaming agents.

[0268] In some embodiments, step 1200 may include: subjecting the light guide column material to a second temperature and a second pressure to induce the decomposition of both the slow-reaction and fast-reaction foaming agents; wherein the second temperature is within the effective decomposition temperature range of both the slow-reaction and fast-reaction foaming agents, and the second pressure is less than the first pressure. In some embodiments, the second temperature may be 200 ± 1°C, for example, 200°C. In some embodiments, at the second temperature, both the fast-reaction and slow-reaction foaming agents are simultaneously activated and generate gas. In some embodiments, the second pressure may be 0.7 ± 0.1 MPa, for example, 0.7 MPa. In some embodiments, a moderate second pressure can promote the nucleation of small bubbles while inhibiting premature expansion of large bubbles.

[0269] In some embodiments, step 1200 may include subjecting the light guide column material to a third temperature and a third pressure to completely decompose the fast-reaction foaming agent; wherein the third temperature is within the effective decomposition temperature range of both the slow-reaction foaming agent and the fast-reaction foaming agent, or the third temperature is equal to the highest effective decomposition temperature of the fast-reaction foaming agent, the third temperature is greater than the second temperature, and the third pressure is less than the second pressure. In some embodiments, the third temperature is 220±1℃, for example, 220℃. In some embodiments, at the third temperature, the fast-reaction foaming agent can stably and completely decompose, promoting bubble coalescence while retaining small bubbles. In some embodiments, the third pressure is 0.4±0.1MPa, for example, 0.4MPa. In some embodiments, a lower third pressure allows large bubbles to expand but retains small bubbles, preventing the coalescence of large and small bubbles.

[0270] In some embodiments, step 1200 may include: subjecting the light guide post material to a fourth temperature and a fourth pressure to reduce the decomposition of the fast-reacting foaming agent; wherein the fourth temperature is within the effective decomposition temperature range of both the slow-reacting and fast-reacting foaming agents, the fourth temperature is lower than the second temperature, and the fourth pressure includes an outer pressure and a central pressure, with the outer pressure being greater than the central pressure. In some embodiments, the fourth temperature is 195±1℃, for example, 195℃. In some embodiments, the fourth temperature can balance the shaping and fine-tuning of large and small bubbles, allowing for the natural distribution of large and small bubbles. In some embodiments, the outer pressure of the fourth pressure is 1.2±0.1MPa, for example, 1.2MPa. In some embodiments, the central pressure of the fourth pressure is 0.4±0.1MPa, for example, 0.4MPa. In some embodiments, the outer medium pressure can limit the diffusion of large and small bubbles, while the central low pressure can maintain the mixed structure of large and small bubbles.

[0271] In some embodiments, step 1300 may include pre-cooling the light guide column material. In some embodiments, pre-cooling may include air cooling. In some embodiments, the cooling temperature of air cooling may be 40°C, and the air velocity may be 2 m / s. In some embodiments, the cooling rate of pre-cooling may be 1°C / s. In some embodiments, the light guide column material cools slowly during pre-cooling, allowing the large bubble in the center to continue to expand.

[0272] In some embodiments, step 1300 may include: performing primary cooling on the light guide column material. In some embodiments, primary cooling may include cooling in a warm water bath. In some embodiments, the cooling temperature of the warm water bath may be 70°C, and the flow rate of the warm water bath may be 6 L / min. In some embodiments, the cooling rate of primary cooling is greater than the cooling rate of pre-cooling. In some embodiments, the cooling rate of primary cooling may be 2 to 3 times the cooling rate of pre-cooling. In some embodiments, the cooling rate of primary cooling may be 3°C / s. In some embodiments, primary cooling enables the outer wall of the light guide column material to solidify rapidly, lock the distribution of small air bubbles, and maintain a certain degree of fluidity in the central portion.

[0273] In some embodiments, step 1300 may include: performing final cooling on the light guide column material. In some embodiments, final cooling may include ice water spraying. In some embodiments, the spraying temperature of the ice water spraying may be 10°C, and the spraying pressure may be 0.3 MPa. In some embodiments, the cooling rate of final cooling is greater than the cooling rate of primary cooling. In some embodiments, the cooling rate of final cooling may be 1.5 to 2 times the cooling rate of primary cooling. In some embodiments, the cooling rate of final cooling may be 5°C / s.

[0274] Figure 26 is a schematic flowchart illustrating the design method of a light guide pillar manufacturing method according to some embodiments of this specification. Referring to Figure 26, process 2000 is applicable to obtaining a light guide pillar manufacturing method for manufacturing a light guide pillar. The light guide pillar may include a columnar structure 1 made of a transparent material. The interior of the columnar structure 1 includes a first annular region 21 and a second region 22 centered on the axis of the columnar structure 1. The first annular region 21 contains air bubbles 3. At least a portion of the light intensity distribution curve of the light guide pillar is sawtooth-shaped. In some embodiments, process 2000 may include:

[0275] Step 2100: Provide a first material cylinder corresponding to the number of the first annular regions 21, and provide a second material cylinder.

[0276] Step 2200: Based on the parameters of the bubbles 3 inside each first annular region 21, provide the first annular region material of the corresponding components to the first barrel corresponding to each first annular region 21. The first annular region material includes plastic raw material, fast-reaction foaming agent and slow-reaction foaming agent; provide the second region material to one or more second barrels. The second region material includes plastic raw material.

[0277] Step 2300: Based on the parameters of the bubbles 3 inside each first annular region 21, provide molding parameters for the materials of the first annular region and the second region.

[0278] Step 2400: Based on the parameters of the bubbles 3 inside each first annular region 21, provide cooling parameters for the materials of the first annular region and the materials of the second region.

[0279] In some embodiments, step 2100 includes: designing a light guide pillar manufacturing apparatus based on the structure of the light guide pillar to be manufactured, the light guide pillar manufacturing apparatus including a first material cylinder and a second material cylinder. In some embodiments, each first annular region 21 corresponds to one first material cylinder (the first annular regions corresponding to multiple first annular regions 21 are made of different materials). In some embodiments, each second region 22 corresponds to one second material cylinder, or multiple second regions 22 share the same second material cylinder (the second regions corresponding to multiple second regions 22 are made of the same material). For example, referring to FIG27, the light guide pillar manufacturing apparatus may include a first material cylinder 711 and two second material cylinders 712, the first material cylinder 711 being used to provide material for forming the first annular region 21 located in the middle, one of the second material cylinders 712 being used to provide material for forming the second region 22 located at the center, and the other second material cylinder 712 being used to provide material for forming the second region 22 located on the outer side.

[0280] In some embodiments, the light guide pillar manufacturing apparatus may further include injection ports, with each first annular region 21 corresponding to one injection port and each second region 22 corresponding to one injection port. In some embodiments, the injection ports may include a central injection port located at the center and a plurality of annular injection ports surrounding the central injection port. In some embodiments, some of the annular injection ports correspond to the first annular region 21, and other annular injection ports correspond to the second region 22. For example, referring to Figures 27 and 28, the light guide pillar manufacturing apparatus may include an injection port 72, which may include an injection port 721 corresponding to the second region 22 at the center, an injection port 722 corresponding to the first annular region 21 located in the middle, and an injection port 723 corresponding to the second region 22 located on the outer side.

[0281] In some embodiments, each injection port includes a first end and a second end. In some embodiments, the first end of each injection port is connected to an independent injection channel, and through the injection channel, is connected to its corresponding first or second barrel. In some embodiments, the second end of each injection port is connected to the same cooling channel.

[0282] In some embodiments, the material for forming the first annular region enters its corresponding independent first injection channel through an independent first barrel and is injected into the cooling channel through its respective injection port. In some embodiments, the material for forming the second region 22 enters its corresponding independent second injection channel through a second barrel or through independent second barrels and is injected into the same cooling channel through its respective injection port. For example, referring to FIG27, the light guide pillar manufacturing apparatus may include an independent first injection channel 731, two second injection channels 732, and a cooling channel 74. For example, the first injection channel 731 connects the first barrel 711 and the injection port 722, and the material for the first annular region enters the cooling channel 74 through the injection port 722; one of the second injection channels 732 connects a second barrel 712 and the injection port 721, and the material for the second region enters the cooling channel 74 through the injection port 722; the other second injection channel 732 connects another second barrel 711 and the injection port 723, and the material for the second region enters the cooling channel 74 through the injection port 723.

[0283] In some embodiments, the first annular region material and the second region material enter the cooling channel from the injection port, thereby forming an annular structure corresponding to the shape of the injection port while contacting and connecting with each other in the cooling channel.

[0284] In some embodiments, each injection channel includes a first injection region, a second injection region, a third injection region, and a fourth injection region. In some embodiments, the first injection region is used for feeding material from a first or second barrel. In some embodiments, the first injection region can also be used for preliminary stirring and / or preliminary heating and melting. In some embodiments, the second injection region is used for heating, melting, mixing, and / or preliminary activation of the foaming agent. In some embodiments, the third injection region is used for generating and expanding bubbles. In some embodiments, the fourth injection region is used for adjusting the size and position of the bubbles.

[0285] In some embodiments, the first injection region, second injection region, third injection region, and fourth injection region of each injection channel can independently adjust the temperature and pressure.

[0286] In some embodiments, the cooling channel may include a first cooling region, a second cooling region, and a third cooling region. In some embodiments, the first cooling region, the second cooling region, and the third cooling region of the cooling channel can be located in different cooling environments. In some embodiments, the cooling environment may include air cooling, warm water bath cooling, and ice water cooling. In some embodiments, the cooling medium in the warm water bath is a liquid. In some embodiments, the cooling medium in the warm water bath may include water, silicone oil emulsion, ethylene glycol liquid, brine solution, etc.

[0287] In some embodiments, in step 2200, the parameters of bubble 3 include: the size of bubble 3 and the spacing between bubble 3.

[0288] In some embodiments, step 2200 may include: obtaining the effective decomposition temperature range of the fast-reaction foaming agent and the effective decomposition temperature range of the slow-reaction foaming agent.

[0289] In some embodiments, step 2200 may include: obtaining the molding purpose of one or more molding regions based on the parameters of the bubbles 3 inside the first annular region 21; and obtaining the working state of the corresponding fast-reaction foaming agent and the working state of the slow-reaction foaming agent based on each molding purpose. For example, based on the parameters of the bubbles 3 inside the first annular region 21, obtaining the current bubble state to be achieved in each molding region. In some embodiments, the current bubble state includes: generating bubbles, increasing bubble gas expansion, decreasing bubble pressure expansion, inhibiting bubble expansion, promoting bubble merging, promoting bubble position maintenance, and promoting bubble migration.

[0290] In some embodiments, step 2300 may include: obtaining molding parameters based on the operating states of the fast-reaction foaming agent and the slow-reaction foaming agent. In some embodiments, the first annular region material and / or the second region material may pass through one or more molding regions, each molding region having corresponding molding parameters. In some embodiments, the molding region may include one or more of the aforementioned first injection region (e.g., a feeding region), second injection region (e.g., a melting region), third injection region (e.g., a foaming activation region), and fourth injection region (e.g., a fusion region).

[0291] In some embodiments, the molding parameters include temperature molding parameters and pressure molding parameters. In some embodiments, obtaining molding parameters based on the working states of the fast-reaction foaming agent and the slow-reaction foaming agent includes: selecting temperature molding parameters from the effective decomposition temperature range of the fast-reaction foaming agent and the effective decomposition temperature range of the slow-reaction foaming agent based on the working states of the fast-reaction foaming agent and the slow-reaction foaming agent; and obtaining pressure molding parameters based on the bubble parameters and the temperature molding parameters.

[0292] For example, the desired bubble state in the current molding area is the generation of small bubbles. Based on this molding objective, the corresponding fast-reaction foaming agent's operating state is determined to be "not activated," while the corresponding slow-reaction foaming agent's operating state is "activated." Based on the operating states of both the fast and slow-reaction foaming agents, molding parameters are obtained, such as temperature molding parameters. These temperature molding parameters are within the effective decomposition temperature range of the slow-reaction foaming agent but lower than the minimum effective decomposition temperature of the fast-reaction foaming agent, thus activating the slow-reaction foaming agent while deactivating the fast-reaction foaming agent.

[0293] For example, the desired bubble state in the current molding area is the generation of large bubbles. Based on this molding objective, the working state of the corresponding fast-reaction foaming agent is determined as "activating the fast-reaction foaming agent," and the working state of the corresponding slow-reaction foaming agent is determined as "activating the slow-reaction foaming agent." Based on the working states of the fast-reaction and slow-reaction foaming agents, molding parameters are obtained, such as temperature molding parameters. These temperature molding parameters are within the effective decomposition temperature range of both the fast-reaction and slow-reaction foaming agents, thereby simultaneously activating both agents.

[0294] For example, the desired bubble state in the current molding area is to reduce bubble pressure and expand. Based on this molding objective, the corresponding working state of the fast-reaction foaming agent is determined as reducing its activity, and the corresponding working state of the slow-reaction foaming agent is determined as suppressing its activity. Based on the working states of the fast-reaction and slow-reaction foaming agents, molding parameters are obtained, such as temperature molding parameters. These temperature molding parameters are greater than the maximum effective decomposition temperature of the slow-reaction foaming agent and are near the maximum effective decomposition temperature of the fast-reaction foaming agent (slightly less than, equal to, or slightly greater than the maximum effective decomposition temperature of the fast-reaction foaming agent). Further pressure molding parameters are obtained, such as depressurizing or maintaining low pressure to allow the bubble to expand under reduced pressure.

[0295] In some embodiments, in step 2300, the cooling parameters include one or more of the following: the number of cooling zones, the cooling medium corresponding to each cooling zone, the cooling temperature corresponding to each cooling zone, the cooling flow rate corresponding to each cooling zone, and the cooling rate corresponding to each cooling zone.

[0296] In one or more embodiments of this specification, taking the fabrication of a light guide column having three layers of bubbles, with the bubble size decreasing sequentially from the center to the outside as an example, process 2000 may include:

[0297] The light guide pillar manufacturing device is based on the structural design of the light guide pillar. The light guide pillar includes a first bubble-free region (second region 22), a second bubble-containing region (first first annular region 21), a third bubble-free region (second region 22), a fourth bubble-containing region (second first annular region 21), a fifth bubble-free region (second region 22), a sixth bubble-containing region (third first annular region 21), and a seventh bubble-free region (second region 22) from the center to the outer layer.

[0298] The light guide pillar manufacturing apparatus may include a material cylinder, which may specifically include a first material cylinder and a second material cylinder. In some embodiments, the number of first material cylinders is three, corresponding to the second bubble-containing region, the fourth bubble-containing region, and the sixth bubble-containing region, respectively. In some embodiments, the number of second material cylinders is four, corresponding to the first bubble-free region, the third bubble-free region, the fifth bubble-free region, and the seventh bubble-free region, respectively.

[0299] In some embodiments, the light guide pillar manufacturing apparatus may include injection ports, which may specifically include a first injection port, a second injection port, a third injection port, a fourth injection port, a fifth injection port, and a seventh injection port, respectively corresponding to the seven regions mentioned above.

[0300] In some embodiments, the light guide column manufacturing apparatus may include injection channels, which may specifically include a first injection channel, a second injection channel, a third injection channel, a fourth injection channel, a fifth injection channel, a sixth injection channel, and a seventh injection channel, wherein the seven injection channels are independently connected to the seven material cylinders and the seven injection ports.

[0301] In some embodiments, the light guide pillar manufacturing apparatus may further include a cooling channel, to which the seven injection ports are connected.

[0302] In some embodiments, the material corresponding to each barrel is provided based on the parameters of each bubble layer in the three-layer bubble system. For example, a first material, a third material, a fifth material, and a seventh material are provided to the first barrel, the third barrel, the fifth barrel, and the seventh barrel, all of which are 100% plastic raw materials (e.g., PMMA, polymethyl methacrylate). For example, a second material is provided to the second barrel, which is a plastic raw material and 0.8% fast-reaction foaming agent; a fourth material is provided to the fourth barrel, which is a plastic raw material and 0.8% slow-reaction foaming agent; and a sixth material is provided to the sixth barrel, which is a plastic raw material and 0.4% slow-reaction foaming agent.

[0303] In some embodiments, the molding parameters of the first to seventh materials are determined based on the bubble parameters inside each annular region of the light guide column.

[0304] For example, since there are no air bubbles in the regions of the light guide pillars corresponding to the first, third, fifth, and seventh materials, the temperature forming parameters of the first injection region (e.g., the feeding region) of the injection channel (e.g., the first injection channel, the third injection channel, the fifth injection channel, or the seventh injection channel) are all configured to 170°C, and the pressure forming parameters are all configured to 1.2 MPa, to preheat the PMMA solid particles and avoid thermal stress cracking. The temperature forming parameters of the second injection region (e.g., the melting region) of the injection channel are all configured to 200°C, and the pressure forming parameters are all configured to 1.0 MPa, to completely melt the PMMA particles to form a transparent fluid while maintaining the integrity of the molecular chains.

[0305] For example, since larger bubbles need to be formed in the region of the light guide column corresponding to the second material, the temperature forming parameters of the first injection region (e.g., the feeding region) of the second injection channel are configured to 175°C and the pressure forming parameters to 1.0 MPa to preheat the PMMA solid particles and prevent premature decomposition of the fast-reaction foaming agent. The temperature forming parameters of the second injection region (e.g., the melting region) of the second injection channel are configured to 215°C and the pressure forming parameters to 0.5 MPa to partially activate the fast-reaction foaming agent and form initial bubble nuclei. The temperature forming parameters of the third injection region (e.g., the foaming activation region) of the second injection channel are configured to 225°C and the pressure forming parameters to 0.3 MPa to completely decompose the fast-reaction foaming agent and form large bubbles with a diameter of 5-7 mm.

[0306] For example, in the region of the light guide column corresponding to the fourth material, appropriately sized bubbles need to be formed. Therefore, the temperature forming parameter of the first injection region (e.g., the feeding region) of the fourth injection channel is configured to 165°C (based on the effective decomposition temperature range of the slow-reaction foaming agent in the material), and the pressure forming parameter is configured to 1.2 MPa to preheat the PMMA solid particles and prevent premature decomposition of the slow-reaction foaming agent. The temperature forming parameter of the second injection region (e.g., the melting region) of the fourth injection channel is configured to 180°C, and the pressure forming parameter is configured to 0.8 MPa to activate the slow-reaction foaming agent (e.g., sodium bicarbonate compounded with citric acid) and stably release gas (e.g., carbon dioxide). The temperature forming parameter of the third injection region (e.g., the foaming activation region) of the fourth injection channel is configured to 200°C, and the pressure forming parameter is configured to 0.7 MPa to suppress the operation of the slow-reaction foaming agent, limit the bubble size through medium pressure, and provide a stirring rate of 40 rpm to form high shear, adjusting the bubble spacing, for example, to 8-10 mm.

[0307] For example, small bubbles need to be formed in the region of the light guide column corresponding to the sixth material. Therefore, the temperature forming parameter of the first injection region (e.g., the feeding region) of the sixth injection channel is configured to 160°C (based on the effective decomposition temperature range of the slow-reaction foaming agent in the material), and the pressure forming parameter is configured to 1.2 MPa to preheat the PMMA solid particles and prevent premature decomposition of the slow-reaction foaming agent. The temperature forming parameter of the second injection region (e.g., the melting region) of the sixth injection channel is configured to 180°C, and the pressure forming parameter is configured to 1.0 MPa to activate the slow-reaction foaming agent (e.g., sodium bicarbonate compounded with citric acid), stably release gas (e.g., carbon dioxide), and limit the bubble size. The temperature forming parameter of the third injection region (e.g., the foaming activation region) of the sixth injection channel is configured to 195°C, and the pressure forming parameter is configured to 0.8 MPa to control the slow-reaction foaming agent to work in small quantities, allowing the small bubbles to grow slowly and stably.

[0308] In some embodiments, cooling parameters for the first to seventh materials are determined based on the bubble parameters inside each annular region of the light guide column.

[0309] The beneficial effects that the embodiments of this specification may bring include, but are not limited to: (1) setting bubbles in a single or multiple first annular area to achieve multiple reflections and / or refractions of light, thereby forming a circumferential light output effect; (2) at least a part of the light intensity distribution curve of the light guide column is sawtooth-shaped, thereby forming a striped light effect with alternating light and dark; (3) the overall transparent light guide column achieves light output based on refraction, avoiding the use of a large area of ​​milky white light diffuser or soft light diffuser, while also achieving light uniformity and soft light effects; (4) configuring different bubble sizes and maximum bubble spacing in a single layer of bubbles to obtain different light effects; (5) setting double-layer bubbles, by arranging the inner layer of bubbles to be larger and the outer layer of bubbles to be smaller, while achieving circumferential light output distribution of light, further scattering and softening the light; (6) by arranging a larger number of bubbles in the outer layer to achieve denser refraction, thereby achieving a soft light effect; (7) by opening a second accommodating space at the end of the light guide column to accommodate the electrical structure, reducing the exposed proportion of the electrical structure relative to the overall lamp fixture; (8) by hiding the light diffuser in the second accommodating space, avoiding a large area of ​​milky white light diffuser. (9) The light guide column is connected to the first housing and the second housing through the second accommodating space to form a larger and more aesthetically pleasing light guide column part and a smaller and less easily observable lamp head part; (10) Heat dissipation holes are opened on the second ring structure, and the heat dissipation holes can be hidden after installation; (11) Bubbles are generated by fast-reaction foaming agent and slow-reaction foaming agent, and the size of the bubbles is controlled by temperature and pressure; (12) The generated bubbles are migrated by controlling the pressure, thereby fine-tuning the position of the bubbles; (13) The working state of fast-reaction foaming agent and slow-reaction foaming agent is controlled by controlling the temperature, and the generation time and amount of gas are controlled, thereby forming bubbles of different sizes and densities, or generating bubbles of mixed sizes; (14) By providing different light guide column raw materials to each layer, a multi-layer bubble structure is formed, and bubbles of different sizes and densities are formed in each layer; (15) A design method for a manufacturing method is provided, which obtains the corresponding manufacturing method by using the shape of the light guide column required by the user, and selects appropriate raw materials, molding parameters and cooling parameters. It should be noted that different embodiments may produce different beneficial effects. In different embodiments, the beneficial effects may be any one or a combination of the above, or any other possible beneficial effects.

[0310] The basic concepts have been described above. It is obvious that the detailed disclosure above is merely illustrative and does not constitute a limitation of this specification. Although not explicitly stated herein, various modifications, improvements, and corrections may be made to this specification by those skilled in the art. Such modifications, improvements, and corrections are taught in this specification and therefore remain within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments described herein.

Claims

1. A light guide post, characterized in that, include: A columnar structure (1) is made of transparent material. The interior of the columnar structure (1) includes at least one first annular region (21) centered on the axis of the columnar structure (1). The interior of the first annular region (21) contains air bubbles (3). At least a portion of the light intensity distribution curve of the light guide post is sawtooth-shaped.

2. The light guide post according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interior of the columnar structure (1) also includes a second region (22) centered on the axis of the columnar structure (1), and the first annular region (21) and the second region (22) are arranged alternately; The second region (22) does not contain the bubble.

3. The light guide post according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second region (22) is the second annular region.

4. The light guide post according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light intensity distribution curve of the light guide post includes a first light intensity distribution region (A) and two second light intensity distribution regions (B) located on both sides of the first light intensity distribution region (A); The light intensity distribution curve in the first light intensity distribution region (A) exhibits a horizontal trend; The light intensity distribution curve in the second light intensity distribution region (B) shows an upward or downward trend; At least one of the light intensity distribution curves in the first light intensity distribution region (A) and the second light intensity distribution region (B) is sawtooth-shaped.

5. The light guide post according to claim 4, characterized in that, The light intensity distribution curve in the first light intensity distribution region (A) is sawtooth-shaped; The light intensity distribution curve in the second light intensity distribution region (B) includes a smooth portion and a sawtooth portion, the sawtooth portion being adjacent to the first light intensity distribution region.

6. The light guide post of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The number of the first annular regions (21) is one, and the inner diameter of the first annular region (21) is greater than or equal to half the diameter of the columnar structure (1).

7. The light guide post of claim 6, wherein, The diameter of the bubble (3) is 1.5 to 2 mm, and the maximum distance between adjacent bubbles (3) is 10 to 15 mm.

8. The light guide post of claim 7, wherein, The beam angle of the light guide column is greater than 100° at 50%.

9. The light guide post of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The number of the first annular regions (21) is one, and the outer diameter of the first annular region (21) is less than or equal to half the diameter of the columnar structure (1).

10. The light guide post of claim 9, wherein, The diameter of the bubble (3) is 3-4 mm, and the maximum distance between adjacent bubbles (3) is 8-10 mm.

11. The light guide post of claim 10, wherein, The 50% beam angle of the light guide column ranges from 85° to 95°.

12. The light guide post of claim 9, wherein, The diameter of the bubble (3) is 5-7 mm, and the maximum distance between adjacent bubbles (3) is 3-6 mm.

13. The light guide post of claim 12, wherein, The 50% beam angle of the light guide column ranges from 80 to 90°.

14. The light guide post of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The number of the first annular region (21) is two or more, and the bubble (3) includes a first bubble (31) and a second bubble (32); One or more of the first annular regions (21) contain the first bubble (31), and the remaining one or more of the first annular regions (21) contain the second bubble (32).

15. The light guide post of claim 14, wherein, The diameter of the first bubble (31) is smaller than the diameter of the second bubble (32).

16. The light guide post of claim 15, wherein, The first annular region (21) where the first bubble (31) is located surrounds the outside of the first annular region (21) where the second bubble (32) is located.

17. The light guide post of claim 16, wherein, The diameter of the first bubble (31) is 1.5 to 2 mm, and the maximum distance between adjacent first bubbles (31) is 8 to 10 mm. And / or, the diameter of the second bubble (32) is 5 to 7 mm, and the maximum distance between adjacent second bubbles (32) is 3 to 6 mm.

18. The light guide post of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The number of the first annular region (21) is one, and the bubble (3) includes a third bubble and a fourth bubble, wherein the diameter of the third bubble is smaller than the diameter of the fourth bubble.

19. The light guide post of claim 18, wherein, The diameter of the third bubble is 1.5-2 mm, the diameter of the fourth bubble is 5-7 mm, and the maximum distance between adjacent bubbles (3) is 3-6 mm.

20. The light guide post of claim 19, wherein, The 50% beam angle of the light guide column ranges from 92 to 98°.

21. The light guide post of claim 1, wherein, The light guide column includes a first light emitting surface (1a) and a second light emitting surface (1b). The first light emitting surface (1a) is provided by at least a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the columnar structure (1), and the second light emitting surface (1b) is provided by at least a portion of the end face of one end of the columnar structure (1). The second light emitting surface (1b) is a plane.

22. A luminaire, characterized by The luminaire includes the light guide column according to any one of claims 1 to 21, and comprises: Housing (4), one end of which is fixedly connected to the light guide post; The light source mechanism (5) is located inside the housing (4).

23. The light fixture of claim 22, wherein, The housing (4) includes: A first housing (41) is fixedly connected at one end to the light guide post; The second housing (42) is fixedly connected to the first housing (41), and the second housing (42) closes the other end of the first housing (41); The light source mechanism (5) is disposed in the first accommodating space (43) formed by the first housing (41) and the second housing (42). The first housing (41) has a stepped portion, and the light source mechanism (5) is mounted on the stepped portion.

24. The luminaire of claim 23, wherein, The first housing (41) includes: a first cylindrical structure (411), a second annular structure (412), and a third cylindrical structure (413) connected in sequence; The diameter of the first cylindrical structure (411) is larger than the diameter of the third cylindrical structure (413), and the step surface of the step portion is formed at the second annular structure (412). The circuit board (51) of the light source mechanism (5) is fixed to the second annular structure (412).

25. The luminaire of claim 23 or 24, wherein, The columnar structure (1) of the light guide column has a second accommodating space (11), and at least a portion of the first housing (41) is disposed in the second accommodating space (11). The columnar structure (1) of the light guide post is threadedly connected to the first housing (41).

26. The light fixture of claim 25, wherein, Also includes: A light-diffusing sheet (6) is disposed within the second accommodating space (11); The diffuser (6) is used to convert one or more point light sources provided by the light source mechanism (5) into surface light sources that face the columnar structure (1) of the light guide column.

27. The light fixture of claim 26, wherein, The outer diameter of the light-diffusing plate (6) matches the outer diameter of the end of the first housing (41) near the columnar structure (1). One end of the first housing (41) abuts against one side of the light-diffusing plate (6), and the other side of the light-diffusing plate (6) is in contact with the bottom surface (11a) of the second accommodating space (11).

28. The light fixture of claim 24, wherein, The second annular structure (412) has heat dissipation holes (414).

29. A method for manufacturing a light guide column, characterized in that, The light guide post includes a columnar structure (1), the columnar structure (1) is made of transparent material, the interior of the columnar structure (1) includes at least one first annular region (21) centered on the axis of the columnar structure (1), and the interior of the first annular region (21) contains air bubbles (3); at least a portion of the light intensity distribution curve of the light guide post is sawtooth-shaped. The method for manufacturing the light guide post includes: Provide light guide column raw materials, the light guide column raw materials include materials for forming the first annular region (21), the materials include plastic raw materials, fast-reaction foaming agents and slow-reaction foaming agents; Temperature and pressure are controlled on the light guide column material to form the bubble (3) inside the light guide column material; The light guide column material is cooled and controlled to solidify, thereby obtaining the light guide column.

30. The method of claim 29, wherein The interior of the columnar structure (1) includes a first annular region (21) and a second region (22) centered on the axis of the columnar structure (1); The method for manufacturing the light guide post includes: Provide light guide column raw materials, the light guide column raw materials include a first material for forming the second region (22) located on the inner side, a second material for forming the first annular region (21) located in the middle, and a third material for forming the second region (22) located on the outer side, the first material and the third material both include plastic raw materials, and the second material includes plastic raw materials, fast-reaction foaming agents and slow-reaction foaming agents.

31. The method of claim 30, wherein The effective decomposition temperature range of the fast-reaction foaming agent partially overlaps with that of the slow-reaction foaming agent. The lowest effective decomposition temperature of the fast-reaction foaming agent is lower than the highest effective decomposition temperature of the slow-reaction foaming agent, and the highest effective decomposition temperature of the fast-reaction foaming agent is higher than the highest effective decomposition temperature of the slow-reaction foaming agent. The slow-reaction foaming agent has a lower minimum effective decomposition temperature than the fast-reaction foaming agent, and the slow-reaction foaming agent has a higher maximum effective decomposition temperature than the fast-reaction foaming agent.

32. The method of claim 31, wherein The fast-reaction foaming agent is azodicarbonamide foaming agent, and the effective decomposition temperature range of the azodicarbonamide foaming agent is 195-220℃. The slow-reaction foaming agent is a sodium bicarbonate-citric acid foaming agent, and the effective decomposition temperature range of the sodium bicarbonate-citric acid foaming agent is 160-200℃.

33. The method of claim 32, wherein The step of implementing temperature and pressure control on the light guide column material to form the bubbles (3) inside the light guide column material includes: The light guide column material is subjected to a first temperature and a first pressure to melt the plastic material, while preventing the decomposition of the fast-reaction foaming agent and the slow-reaction foaming agent. The light guide column material is subjected to a second temperature and a second pressure to induce the slow-reaction foaming agent to decompose; wherein the second temperature is within the effective decomposition temperature range of the slow-reaction foaming agent, the second temperature is less than the minimum effective decomposition temperature of the fast-reaction foaming agent, and the second pressure is less than the first pressure. The light guide column material is subjected to a third temperature and a third pressure to induce the decomposition of the fast-reaction foaming agent; wherein the third temperature is within the effective decomposition temperature range of both the slow-reaction foaming agent and the fast-reaction foaming agent, and the third pressure is less than the second pressure; The light guide column material is subjected to a fourth temperature and a fourth pressure to reduce or inhibit the decomposition of the fast-reaction foaming agent; wherein the fourth temperature is lower than the minimum effective decomposition temperature of the fast-reaction foaming agent, and the fourth pressure includes an outer pressure and a center pressure, with the outer pressure being greater than the center pressure.

34. The method according to claim 33, wherein The second material comprises, by weight parts: 98.8 to 99.5 parts of plastic raw material, 0.2 to 0.4 parts of fast-reaction foaming agent, and 0.8 to 1 part of slow-reaction foaming agent; The diameter of the bubble (3) in the light guide column is 1.5 to 2 mm, and the maximum distance between adjacent bubbles (3) is 10 to 15 mm.

35. The method for manufacturing a light guide post according to claim 34, characterized in that, The first temperature is 160±1℃, and the first pressure is 1.2±0.1MPa; The second temperature is 180±1℃, and the second pressure is 0.9±0.1MPa; The third temperature is 195±1℃, and the third pressure is 0.6±0.1MPa; The fourth temperature is 170±1℃, the outer pressure of the fourth pressure is 1.5±0.1MPa, and the center pressure of the fourth pressure is 0.6±0.1MPa.

36. The method of claim 33, wherein the light guide post is manufactured by a process comprising: The second material comprises, by weight parts: 97.8 to 98.7 parts of plastic raw material, 0.5 to 0.7 parts of fast-reaction foaming agent, and 0.5 to 0.7 parts of slow-reaction foaming agent; The diameter of the bubble (3) in the light guide column is 3-4 mm, and the maximum spacing between adjacent bubbles (3) is 8-10 mm.

37. The method for manufacturing a light guide post according to claim 36, characterized in that, The first temperature is 170±1℃, and the first pressure is 1.3±0.1MPa; The second temperature is 200±1℃, and the second pressure is 0.8±0.1MPa; The third temperature is 215±1℃, and the third pressure is 0.5±0.1MPa; The fourth temperature is 190±1℃, the outer pressure of the fourth pressure is 1.5±0.1MPa, and the center pressure of the fourth pressure is 0.5±0.1MPa.

38. The method for manufacturing a light guide post according to claim 32, characterized in that, The step of implementing temperature and pressure control on the light guide column material to form the bubbles (3) inside the light guide column material includes: The light guide column material is subjected to a first temperature and a first pressure to melt the plastic material, while preventing the decomposition of the fast-reaction foaming agent and the slow-reaction foaming agent. The light guide column material is subjected to a second temperature and a second pressure to cause the slow-reaction foaming agent and the fast-reaction foaming agent to begin decomposition; wherein, the second temperature is within the effective decomposition temperature range of the slow-reaction foaming agent and the effective decomposition temperature range of the fast-reaction foaming agent, and the second pressure is less than the first pressure; The light guide column material is subjected to a third temperature and a third pressure to further decompose the fast-reaction foaming agent; wherein the third temperature is greater than the highest effective decomposition temperature of the fast-reaction foaming agent, and the third pressure is less than the second pressure; The light guide column material is subjected to a fourth temperature and a fourth pressure to reduce the decomposition of the fast-reaction foaming agent; wherein, the fourth temperature is within the effective decomposition temperature range of the slow-reaction foaming agent and the effective decomposition temperature range of the fast-reaction foaming agent, the fourth temperature is lower than the second temperature, and the fourth pressure includes an outer pressure and a center pressure, the outer pressure being greater than the center pressure.

39. The method of claim 38, wherein the light guide post is manufactured by a process comprising: The second material comprises, by weight parts: 96 to 97.5 parts of plastic raw material, 0.8 to 1 part of fast-reaction foaming agent, and 0.3 to 0.45 parts of slow-reaction foaming agent; The diameter of the bubble (3) in the light guide column is 5-7 mm, and the maximum distance between adjacent bubbles (3) is 3-6 mm.

40. The method for manufacturing a light guide post according to claim 39, characterized in that, The first temperature is 180±1℃, and the first pressure is 1.5±0.1MPa; The second temperature is 210±1℃, and the second pressure is 0.6±0.1MPa; The third temperature is 230±1℃, and the third pressure is 0.2±0.1MPa; The fourth temperature is 200±1℃, the outer pressure of the fourth pressure is 1.0±0.1MPa, and the center pressure of the fourth pressure is 0.2±0.1MPa.

41. The method of claim 32, wherein the light guide post is manufactured by a process comprising: The step of implementing temperature and pressure control on the light guide column material to form the bubbles (3) inside the light guide column material includes: The light guide column material is subjected to a first temperature and a first pressure to melt the plastic material, while preventing the decomposition of the fast-reaction foaming agent and the slow-reaction foaming agent. The light guide column material is subjected to a second temperature and a second pressure to cause the slow-reaction foaming agent and the fast-reaction foaming agent to begin decomposition; wherein, the second temperature is within the effective decomposition temperature range of the slow-reaction foaming agent and the effective decomposition temperature range of the fast-reaction foaming agent, and the second pressure is less than the first pressure; The light guide column material is subjected to a third temperature and a third pressure to completely decompose the fast-reaction foaming agent; wherein, the third temperature is within the effective decomposition temperature range of the slow-reaction foaming agent and the effective decomposition temperature range of the fast-reaction foaming agent, or the third temperature is equal to the highest effective decomposition temperature of the fast-reaction foaming agent, the third temperature is greater than the second temperature, and the third pressure is less than the second pressure; The light guide column material is subjected to a fourth temperature and a fourth pressure to reduce the decomposition of the fast-reaction foaming agent; wherein, the fourth temperature is within the effective decomposition temperature range of the slow-reaction foaming agent and the effective decomposition temperature range of the fast-reaction foaming agent, the fourth temperature is lower than the second temperature, and the fourth pressure includes an outer pressure and a center pressure, the outer pressure being greater than the center pressure.

42. The method of claim 41, wherein the light guide post is manufactured by a process comprising: The second material comprises, by weight parts: 97.5 parts plastic raw material, 0.5 parts fast-reaction foaming agent, and 0.8 parts slow-reaction foaming agent; The bubble (3) of the light guide column includes a third bubble and a fourth bubble. The diameter of the third bubble is 1.5 to 2 mm, the diameter of the fourth bubble is 5 to 7 mm, and the maximum distance between adjacent bubbles (3) is 3 to 6 mm.

43. The method for manufacturing a light guide post according to claim 42, characterized in that, The first temperature is 175±1℃, and the first pressure is 1.3±0.1MPa; The second temperature is 200±1℃, and the second pressure is 0.7±0.1MPa; The third temperature is 220±1℃, and the third pressure is 0.4±0.1MPa; The fourth temperature is 195±1℃, the outer pressure of the fourth pressure is 1.2±0.1MPa, and the center pressure of the fourth pressure is 0.4±0.1MPa.

44. The method of claim 29, wherein the method further comprises: The interior of the columnar structure (1) includes a first annular region (21) and a second region (22) centered on the axis of the columnar structure (1). The first annular region (21) and the second region (22) are arranged alternately from the center of the columnar structure (1) to the outer side of the columnar structure (1). The number of the first annular region (21) is at least two. One of the first annular regions (21) has a first bubble (31) inside, and the other first annular region (21) has a second bubble (32) inside. The method for manufacturing the light guide post includes: The light guide column material includes a first material for forming the second region (22) located on the inner side, a second material and a third material for forming two first annular regions (21) located in the middle, a fourth material for forming the second region (22) located between the two first annular regions (21), and a fifth material for forming the second region (22) located on the outer side. The second material and the third material both include plastic raw materials, fast-reaction foaming agents and slow-reaction foaming agents. The first material, the fourth material and the fifth material all include plastic raw materials. Temperature and pressure are independently controlled for the second material and the third material, respectively, so that the first bubble (31) and the second bubble (32) are independently formed inside the second material and the third material, respectively; The second material and the third material are cooled independently to solidify the light guide column raw material, thereby obtaining the light guide column.

45. The method of claim 44, wherein the light guide post is manufactured by a process comprising: The effective decomposition temperature range of the fast-reaction foaming agent partially overlaps with that of the slow-reaction foaming agent. The lowest effective decomposition temperature of the fast-reaction foaming agent is lower than the highest effective decomposition temperature of the slow-reaction foaming agent, and the highest effective decomposition temperature of the fast-reaction foaming agent is higher than the highest effective decomposition temperature of the slow-reaction foaming agent. The lowest effective decomposition temperature of the slow-reaction foaming agent is lower than that of the fast-reaction foaming agent, and the highest effective decomposition temperature of the slow-reaction foaming agent is greater than that of the slow-reaction foaming agent.

46. The method of claim 45, wherein the light guide post is manufactured by a process comprising: The fast-reaction foaming agent is azodicarbonamide foaming agent, and the effective decomposition temperature range of the azodicarbonamide foaming agent is 195-220℃. The slow-reaction foaming agent is a sodium bicarbonate-citric acid foaming agent, and the effective decomposition temperature range of the sodium bicarbonate-citric acid foaming agent is 160-200℃.

47. The method of claim 46, wherein the light guide post is manufactured by a process comprising: Implementing independent temperature and pressure control on the second material and the third material respectively, so that the first bubble (31) and the second bubble (32) are formed independently inside the second material and the third material respectively, includes: The second material and the third material are melted, while the fast-reacting foaming agent and the slow-reacting foaming agent are prevented from decomposing, and different pressures are applied to the second material and the third material; The temperature of the second material is brought within the effective decomposition temperature range of the slow-reaction foaming agent and the effective decomposition temperature range of the fast-reaction foaming agent, so that the slow-reaction foaming agent and the fast-reaction foaming agent begin to decompose; the temperature of the third material is brought within the effective decomposition temperature range of the slow-reaction foaming agent, and the temperature of the third material is lower than the minimum effective decomposition temperature of the fast-reaction foaming agent, so that the slow-reaction foaming agent begins to decompose. The temperature of the second material is made greater than or equal to the maximum effective decomposition temperature of the fast-reaction foaming agent, so that the fast-reaction foaming agent is completely decomposed; the temperature of the third material is made within the effective decomposition temperature range of the slow-reaction foaming agent and the effective decomposition temperature range of the fast-reaction foaming agent, so that the slow-reaction foaming agent and the fast-reaction foaming agent decompose. The temperature of the second material and the third material is reduced to fix the position of the two first annular regions (21).

48. The method of claim 47, wherein the light guide post is manufactured by a process comprising: The step of placing the temperature of the second material within the effective decomposition temperature range of the slow-reaction foaming agent and the effective decomposition temperature range of the fast-reaction foaming agent, so as to induce the decomposition of the slow-reaction foaming agent and the fast-reaction foaming agent; and placing the temperature of the third material within the effective decomposition temperature range of the slow-reaction foaming agent, and placing the temperature of the third material below the minimum effective decomposition temperature of the fast-reaction foaming agent, so as to induce the decomposition of the slow-reaction foaming agent, further includes: performing a first stirring on the second material and performing a second stirring on the third material; The stirring speed of the first stirrer is greater than that of the second stirrer.

49. The method of claim 47, wherein the light guide post is manufactured by a process comprising: The method of reducing the temperature of the second material and the third material to fix the position of the two first annular regions (21) further includes: providing an inner layer pressure to the second material, providing an intermediate layer pressure to the fourth material, and providing an outer layer pressure to the third material, wherein the outer layer pressure is greater than the intermediate layer pressure and the intermediate layer pressure is greater than the inner layer pressure.

50. The method of claim 44, wherein the light guide post is manufactured by a process comprising: The raw materials for providing the light guide column include: The first material, the fourth material, and the fifth material are provided, and after a first time interval, the second material and the third material are provided. The injection rates of the first material, the fourth material, and the fifth material are greater than the injection rate of the second material; The injection rates of the first material, the fourth material, and the fifth material are greater than the injection rate of the third material; The injection rate of the second material is less than the injection rate of the third material.

51. A design method for manufacturing a light guide post, characterized in that, The light guide column includes: a columnar structure (1), the columnar structure (1) is made of transparent material, the interior of the columnar structure (1) includes a first annular region (21) and a second region (22) centered on the axis of the columnar structure (1), the interior of the first annular region (21) contains air bubbles (3); at least a portion of the light intensity distribution curve of the light guide column is sawtooth-shaped. The design method includes: A first material cylinder corresponding to the number of the first annular regions (21) is provided, and a second material cylinder is provided; Based on the parameters of the bubbles (3) inside each of the first annular regions (21), a first annular region material of corresponding components is provided to the first barrel corresponding to each of the first annular regions (21), the first annular region material including plastic raw material, fast-reaction foaming agent and slow-reaction foaming agent; a second region material is provided to one or more second barrels, the second region material including plastic raw material; Based on the parameters of the bubbles (3) inside each of the first annular regions (21), molding parameters for the materials of the first annular regions and the second region are provided; Cooling parameters for the material in the second region are provided based on the parameters of the bubbles (3) inside each of the first annular regions (21).

52. The design method of the light guide post manufacturing method according to claim 51, wherein The parameters of the bubble (3) include: the size of the bubble (3) and the spacing between the bubbles (3).

53. The design method of the light guide post manufacturing method according to claim 51 or 52, wherein The molding parameters for the first annular region material and the second region material, based on the parameters of the bubbles (3) inside each of the first annular regions (21), include: Obtain the effective decomposition temperature range of the fast-reaction foaming agent and the effective decomposition temperature range of the slow-reaction foaming agent; Based on the parameters of the bubbles (3) inside the first annular region (21), the molding purpose of one or more molding regions is obtained, and based on each molding purpose, the working state of the fast-reaction foaming agent and the working state of the slow-reaction foaming agent are obtained. The molding parameters are obtained based on the working states of the fast-reaction foaming agent and the slow-reaction foaming agent. The molding area includes one or more of the following: a feeding area, a melting area, a foaming activation area, and a fusion area.

54. The design method of the light guide post manufacturing method according to claim 53, wherein The purpose of obtaining one or more molding regions based on the parameters of the bubble (3) inside the first annular region (21) includes: Based on the parameters of the bubble (3) inside the first annular region (21), the current bubble state that needs to be achieved in each forming region is obtained; The current bubble state includes: generating bubbles, increasing bubble gas expansion, decreasing bubble pressure expansion, inhibiting bubble expansion, promoting bubble merging, promoting bubble position maintenance, and promoting bubble migration.

55. The design method of the light guide post manufacturing method according to claim 54, wherein The molding parameters include temperature molding parameters and pressure molding parameters; obtaining the molding parameters based on the working state of the fast-reaction foaming agent and the working state of the slow-reaction foaming agent includes: Based on the working state of the fast-reaction foaming agent and the working state of the slow-reaction foaming agent, the temperature molding parameter is selected from the effective decomposition temperature range of the fast-reaction foaming agent and the effective decomposition temperature range of the slow-reaction foaming agent. The pressure forming parameters are obtained based on the parameters of the bubble and the temperature forming parameters.

56. The design method of the light guide post manufacturing method according to claim 51, wherein The cooling parameters include one or more of the following: the number of cooling zones, the cooling medium corresponding to each cooling zone, the cooling temperature corresponding to each cooling zone, the cooling flow rate corresponding to each cooling zone, and the cooling rate corresponding to each cooling zone.

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