Residential battery module and battery enclosure assembly

Abstract

A residential battery module and a battery enclosure assembly. The residential battery module comprises a base (1), a controller (2), and battery packs (3) connected in series or in parallel between the base (1) and the controller (2), wherein each battery pack (3) is provided with a quick-connect male terminal connector (31) and a quick-connect female terminal connector (32), the quick-connect male terminal connector (31) and the quick-connect female terminal connector (32) each comprise a power port and a communication port, the power port routes a power line that connects to a positive / negative terminal of the battery pack (3), the communication port routes a communication line that connects to the battery pack (3), and the quick-connect male terminal connector (31) of one battery pack (3) mates with the quick-connect female terminal connector (32) of another batter pack (3) to achieve a series or parallel connection.

Description

Household battery modules and battery box assemblies

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202510116709.6, filed with the Chinese Patent Office on January 24, 2025, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of energy storage technology, such as a household battery module and battery box assembly. Background Technology

[0003] Residential energy storage is an energy storage and management system used in home environments. It is typically used in scenarios such as home power supply, smart grids, backup power, and hybrid renewable energy sources. It has both off-grid and grid-connected operation modes, and can achieve seamless switching of operation modes by configuring an energy management system. It can also adjust operation strategies according to the grid, load, energy storage, and electricity prices to optimize system operation and maximize user benefits.

[0004] Residential energy storage uses battery boxes to store battery modules. When considering changing cell specifications from the perspectives of product price, supply chain security, and battery compliance, the battery boxes are not very adaptable and cannot be backward compatible with multiple cell specifications. Redesigning and manufacturing battery boxes and related accessories is very costly; discarding existing battery boxes also results in resource waste. Even if the battery box can accommodate different cell specifications in terms of size, if there is a lack of meticulous design, the internal capacity, voltage level, and other parameters of different batches of battery boxes may vary significantly, leading to product compatibility issues and affecting the satisfaction of installers and users.

[0005] Residential energy storage systems utilize two types of battery boxes: integrated units and modular units. Integrated units are typically pre-installed and wired by the manufacturer, allowing for faster installation in homes. However, they lack the flexibility of modular design, and expanding capacity through parallel connection of multiple units is costly. Price-sensitive users may opt for modular units to achieve more flexible capacity configurations. Modular units suffer from issues such as excessive weight, numerous wiring connections, and complex installation. The process of installing and connecting power and communication lines is complex, lacks safety locks, and is prone to misoperation and tipping accidents. Installation and disassembly require specialized skills and tools, resulting in longer repair times and increased labor costs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a residential battery module and battery box assembly to solve the problems of complex installation or disassembly and high expansion costs of residential energy storage devices.

[0007] This application provides a household battery module, including a base, a controller, and battery packs connected in series or in parallel between the base and the controller. Each battery pack is provided with a male quick-connect terminal and a female quick-connect terminal. Both the male and female quick-connect terminals include a power port and a communication port. The power port is configured to lead out a power line to connect to the positive / negative terminals of the battery pack, and the communication port is configured to lead out a communication line to connect to the battery pack. The male quick-connect terminal of one battery pack is plugged into the female quick-connect terminal of another battery pack to achieve series or parallel connection.

[0008] In some embodiments, when multiple battery packs are connected in series, each battery pack includes a battery module and a BMU. One power port of the male and female quick-connect terminals are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery pack. The other power port of the male and female quick-connect terminals is connected via a power line. The two ends of the BMU are respectively connected to the communication ports of the male and female quick-connect terminals.

[0009] In some embodiments, the base is provided with a quick-connect male terminal, and the two power ports of the quick-connect male terminal are connected by a power line to conduct electricity.

[0010] In some embodiments, the controller includes a PCU and a first DC / DC module. The controller has a top quick-connect female terminal and an external terminal. The two power ports of the top quick-connect female terminal are respectively connected to the positive and negative buses of the power line to the first DC / DC module. The first DC / DC module is also connected to the external terminal via the power line, configured to transmit power to an external device. The top quick-connect female terminal is also connected to a communication line to the PCU. The PCU communicates with the external device through the communication port of the external terminal.

[0011] In some embodiments, when multiple battery packs are connected in parallel, each battery pack includes a battery module, a BMS, and a second DC / DC module. The two power ports of the quick-connect male connector are respectively connected to the two power ports of the quick-connect female connector via two power lines. The positive and negative terminals of the battery pack are respectively connected to the two power lines via the second DC / DC module. The communication ports of the quick-connect male connector and the quick-connect female connector are communicatively connected, and the communication ports are also communicatively connected to the BMS.

[0012] In some embodiments, the controller has a top quick-connect female terminal and an external terminal. The top quick-connect female terminal is plugged into the quick-connect male terminal of the battery pack stacked on top. The two power ports of the top quick-connect female terminal are respectively connected to the two power ports of the external terminal via two power lines. The communication port of the top quick-connect female terminal is communicatively connected to the communication port of the external terminal.

[0013] In some embodiments, the household battery module further includes a heating module that is attached to the battery pack and draws power from the battery pack or the controller.

[0014] This application also provides a battery box assembly, including a base, a high-voltage control box, and multiple battery boxes stacked between the base and the high-voltage control box. Each battery box includes a housing, inside which is disposed a battery pack of the household battery module provided in this application. The top and bottom plates of the housing are respectively provided with a boss hole and a recessed hole. The quick-connect male and female quick-connect female terminals of each battery pack are respectively installed in the boss hole and the recessed hole. When any two battery boxes are stacked, the boss hole of one battery box mates with the recessed hole of the other battery box to connect the battery packs inside the two battery boxes in series or parallel. The outer walls of the top and bottom plates of the battery box are respectively provided with positioning protrusions and positioning grooves. The positioning groove of the battery box stacked above mates with the positioning protrusion on the battery box below for positioning and assembly. Multiple connecting pieces are also arranged on the outside of the housing, connecting to adjacent housings, between the housing and the base, and between the housing and the high-voltage control box.

[0015] In some embodiments, the inner wall of the front cover of the battery box is provided with a tray, and the battery module is fixedly installed on the tray. The battery box is provided with a pressure strip, which presses against the battery module. The two side plates of the box are respectively provided with fixing blocks, and the two ends of the pressure strip are respectively fixedly supported on the two oppositely arranged fixing blocks. The pressure strip is provided with wiring holes, and the power lines and communication lines of the battery pack are arranged along the pressure strip and pass through the wiring holes. A BMU / BMS is arranged on the side of the pressure strip away from the battery module.

[0016] In some embodiments, the inner walls of the top plate and the bottom plate of the battery box are respectively provided with limiting members, the limiting members being located between the tray and the pressure strip, and the battery module abutting against the two limiting members to limit its position.

[0017] In some embodiments, a second DC / DC module and a heat sink are respectively provided on the inner and outer walls of one side panel of the enclosure, and the inner wall of the side panel is coated with thermally conductive adhesive. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the electrical connection of a household battery module (battery pack in series) provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0019] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the electrical connection of the household battery module provided in Embodiment 1 of this application (battery packs connected in parallel);

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the electrical connection of a household battery module provided in Embodiment 3 of this application (the battery pack is connected in series and has a battery pack heating function);

[0021] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the electrical connection of the household battery module provided in Embodiment 3 of this application (the battery packs are connected in parallel and have a battery pack heating function);

[0022] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a single battery box in the parallel mode battery box assembly provided in Embodiment 2 of this application (without the rear cover of the battery box assembled);

[0023] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a single battery box in the parallel mode battery box assembly provided in Embodiment 2 of this application (box body without battery box assembly);

[0024] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the battery box in the parallel mode of the battery box assembly provided in Embodiment 2 of this application (without battery pack and rear cover).

[0025] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the battery box assembly in series mode provided in Embodiment 2 of this application (split-type product);

[0026] Figure 9 is a rear view of the battery box assembly shown in Figure 8;

[0027] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the battery box assembly shown in Figure 8 (without the rear cover).

[0028] Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of the battery box assembly shown in Figure 8;

[0029] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the electrical connection of the household battery module provided in Embodiment 4 of this application (all-in-one product);

[0030] Figure 13 is a structural schematic diagram of the battery box assembly of the household battery module provided in Embodiment 4 of this application;

[0031] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single battery box in the parallel mode of the battery box assembly provided in Embodiment 2 of this application from another perspective.

[0032] Figure 15 is an exploded view of the power indicator light bar on the high-voltage control box in the battery box assembly provided in this application.

[0033] In the diagram: 1. Base; 11. Male quick-connect terminal for base; 2. Controller; 21. PCU; 22. First DC / DC module; 23. Female quick-connect terminal for top; 24. External terminal; 3. Battery pack; 31. Male quick-connect terminal; 32. Female quick-connect terminal; 33. Battery module; 34. BMU; 35. Second DC / DC module; 351. Heat sink; 36. BMS; 4. High-voltage control box; 41. Panel; 42. Black adhesive; 43. PC diffusion film; 44. PE focusing strip; 45. PCB; 46. Adhesive backing; 5. Cabinet; 51. Top plate; 511. Pressure strip; 512. Panel base; 513. BMU / BMS panel; 514. Fixing block; 515. Positioning protrusion; 516. Boss hole; 517. Groove hole; 518. Positioning groove; 52. Base plate; 521. Limiting component; 53. Tray; 54. Rear cover plate; 541. Pressure relief port; 542. Fixing device; 55. Connecting piece; 6. Energy management unit; 7. Heating module. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present application will now be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the application. For ease of description, only the parts relevant to the present application are shown in the drawings, not the entire structure.

[0035] In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two elements or the interaction between two elements. The meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] In this application, unless otherwise specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0037] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0038] This application provides a household battery module, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, including a base 1, a controller 2, and a battery pack 3 connected in series or parallel between the base 1 and the controller 2. Each battery pack 3 is provided with a quick-connect male connector 31 and a quick-connect female connector 32. Both the quick-connect male connector 31 and the quick-connect female connector 32 include a power port and a communication port. The power port is configured to lead out a power line to connect to the positive / negative terminals of the battery pack 3, and the communication port is configured to lead out a communication line to connect to the battery pack 3. The quick-connect male connector 31 of one battery pack 3 is plugged into and cooperates with the quick-connect female connector 32 of another battery pack 3 to realize the series or parallel connection of multiple battery packs 3.

[0039] Example 1:

[0040] Figures 1 and 2 show the electrical connection diagrams of two battery packs 3 connected in series and two battery packs 3 connected in parallel, respectively. The base 1 is a supporting structure. The quick-connect male connector 31 and quick-connect female connector 32 each include two power ports and one communication port. The power ports connect the battery packs 3 through power lines to realize the preset circuit for series and parallel connection. The communication ports connect the battery packs 3 through communication and finally realize communication through the controller 2.

[0041] By setting quick-connect male connector 31 and quick-connect female connector 32 on the battery pack 3, it is easy to quickly install and remove multiple battery packs 3, simplifying the disassembly and assembly process and providing good versatility. By setting power ports and communication ports on the quick-connect male connector 31 and quick-connect female connector 32 respectively, the battery pack 3 can achieve communication connection while being connected in series or parallel, reducing installation wiring, reducing disassembly and assembly complexity, and providing high safety and reliability.

[0042] The following sections explain the series and parallel connection cases respectively.

[0043] As shown in Figure 1, when multiple battery packs 3 are connected in series, the battery pack 3 includes a battery module 33 and a battery management unit (BMU) 34. The BMU 34 is the battery management unit of the battery module 33. One power port of the quick-connect male connector 31 and quick-connect female connector 32 of the battery pack 3 are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery pack 3 respectively through power lines. The other power port of the quick-connect male connector 31 and quick-connect female connector 32 are directly connected through power lines. The two ends of the BMU 34 are connected to the communication ports of the quick-connect male connector 31 and quick-connect female connector 32 respectively.

[0044] The power port is connected to a power line (solid line in Figure 1), and the communication port is connected to a communication line (dashed line in Figure 1). The quick-connect male connector 31 and the quick-connect female connector 32 are each provided with two power ports and one communication port. The first power port A of the quick-connect male connector 31 and the first power port A of the quick-connect female connector 32 are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery pack 3, respectively. The second power port D of the quick-connect male connector 31 and the second power port D of the quick-connect female connector 32 are connected through a power line. The two ends of the BMU34 are connected to the communication port F of the quick-connect male connector 31 and the communication port F of the quick-connect female connector 32, respectively, thereby realizing the communication connection between the quick-connect male connector 31 and the quick-connect female connector 32. More precisely, the communication connection between the quick-connect male connector 31 and the quick-connect female connector 32 is used to realize the daisy-chain communication connection of multiple battery packs 3.

[0045] The base 1 is provided with a quick-connect male connector 11, and the two power ports of the quick-connect male connector 11 are connected by a power line to conduct electricity.

[0046] The base 1 is used to fix and support the battery pack 3, and to connect multiple battery packs 3 in series through the male quick-connect terminal 11. When multiple battery packs 3 are connected in series, the two power ports of the male quick-connect terminal 11 are connected by power lines. Then, when the female quick-connect terminal 32 of the battery pack 3 is plugged into the male quick-connect terminal 11, the circuit is turned on, thus realizing the series connection of the battery packs 3.

[0047] In some embodiments, when connected in series, the controller 2 includes a power control unit (PCU) 21, a secondary management unit of the battery management system, and a first direct current (DC) / DC module 22. The controller 2 has a top quick-connect female connector 23 and an external terminal 24. The two power ports of the top quick-connect female connector 23 are respectively connected to the positive and negative buses of the power line to the first DC / DC module 22, and the first DC / DC module 22 is also connected to the external terminal 24 via the power line, configured to transmit power to external devices. The communication port of the top quick-connect female connector 23 is connected to the secondary management unit PCU 21 of the battery management system via a communication line, and is also connected to an external control device via the communication port of the external terminal 24. The top quick-connect female connector 23 is also connected to the PCU 21 via a communication line, and the PCU 21 is connected to an external device via the communication port of the external terminal 24.

[0048] As shown in Figure 1, the top quick-connect female connector 23 and the external terminal 24 each have two power ports (port A and port D) and one communication port. The top quick-connect female connector 23 is plugged into the top battery pack 3's quick-connect male connector 31 to achieve power and communication connections. The two power ports of the top quick-connect female connector 23 are connected to the two power ports of the external terminal 24 through the first DC / DC module 22. The communication port of the top quick-connect female connector 23 is connected to the PCU 21 through a communication line. The PCU 21 interacts with external management systems such as the Energy Management System (EMS) through the communication port of the external terminal 24.

[0049] As shown in Figure 2, when multiple battery packs 3 are connected in parallel, the battery pack 3 includes a battery module 33, a battery management system (BMS) 36, and a second DC / DC module 35; the two power ports (port B and port C) of the quick-connect male connector 31 are connected to the two power ports of the quick-connect female connector 32 through two power lines respectively, and the positive and negative terminals of the battery module 33 are connected to the two power lines respectively through the second DC / DC module 35; the communication port of the quick-connect male connector 31 and the communication port of the quick-connect female connector 32 are connected to each other and are also connected to the BMS 36.

[0050] The positive and negative terminals of the battery module 33 are connected to the second DC / DC module 35, and the positive and negative busbars of the power line are connected through the second DC / DC module 35. The positive busbar of the power line is connected between one power port of the quick-connect male connector 31 and one power port of the quick-connect female connector 32, and the negative busbar of the power line is connected between another power port of the quick-connect male connector 31 and another power port of the quick-connect female connector 32. A communication line is connected between the communication port of the quick-connect male connector 31 and the communication port of the quick-connect female connector 32. The second DC / DC module 35 leads out the positive and negative power lines to the positive and negative busbars of the power line, and the BMS36 leads out the communication line to the quick-connect male connector 31 and the quick-connect female connector 32. When the quick-connect male connector 31 and the quick-connect female connector 32 of the two battery packs 3 are connected in parallel, the circuits of the two battery packs 3 are connected in parallel and they communicate.

[0051] When the battery packs 3 are connected in parallel, the base 1 is provided with a quick-connect male terminal 11. The quick-connect female terminal 32 of the bottom battery pack 3 is inserted into the quick-connect male terminal 11. At this time, the quick-connect female terminal 32 and the quick-connect male terminal 11 are mechanically connected. After the connection is made, the parallel connection of multiple battery packs 3 is completed.

[0052] When the battery pack 3 is connected in parallel, as shown in Figure 2, the controller 2 has a top quick-connect female terminal 23 and an external terminal 24. The top quick-connect female terminal 23 is plugged into the quick-connect male terminal 31 of the battery pack 3 stacked on top. The two power ports of the top quick-connect female terminal 23 lead the positive and negative power lines to the two power ports of the external terminal 24. The communication line is sequentially connected to the communication port of the external terminal 24, the communication port of the top quick-connect female terminal 23, and the battery management system (BMS) 36 in the battery module 33 to achieve communication connection. The two power ports of the top quick-connect female terminal 23 are connected to the two power ports of the external terminal 24 through two power lines respectively. The communication port of the top quick-connect female terminal 23 and the communication port of the external terminal 24 are connected for communication.

[0053] Example 2:

[0054] As shown in Figures 5 to 11, this application also provides a battery box assembly, including a base 1, a high-voltage control box 4, and multiple battery boxes stacked between the base 1 and the high-voltage control box 4. Each battery box includes a box body 5, and the box body 5 contains a battery pack 3 of the household battery module provided in this application. The top plate 51 and the bottom plate 52 of the box body 5 are respectively provided with a boss hole 516 and a recessed hole 517. The quick-connect terminal male head 31 and quick-connect terminal female head 32 of each battery pack 3 are respectively installed in the boss hole 516 and the recessed hole 517. When any two battery boxes are stacked, the boss hole 516 of one battery box and the recessed hole 517 of the other battery box are engaged to connect the battery packs 3 inside the two battery boxes in series or in parallel, thereby realizing the quick assembly and disassembly of multiple battery boxes.

[0055] The height of the battery box is designed according to its center of gravity to achieve an anti-tipping function, satisfying the following requirements:

[0056] Where H is the height of the product, L is the length of the product, W is the width of the product, and θ max This represents the maximum tilt angle of the battery box.

[0057] The tilt angle of the battery box is lower than the maximum tilt angle θ max At this time, the overall center of gravity of the battery box assembly does not exceed the range of the base 1. However, at this time, the center of gravity of some of the top-level boxes 5 may exceed the base 1. Gravity generates a rotational torque with the base 1 as the center. However, because these boxes 5 have relatively high quick-connect terminals, there is a large friction on the connection surface, generating a reverse resistance torque that cancels out the rotational torque, preventing them from slipping and providing an anti-tipping function. This anti-tipping design can also prevent the connecting pieces 55 on the left and right sides from being too large and affecting the aesthetics.

[0058] The high-voltage control box 4 is used to install the controller 2. The base 1, the high-voltage control box 4 and the housing 5 have the same length and width to obtain a battery box assembly with a consistent appearance.

[0059] As shown in Figure 8, a mounting hole for fixing the external terminal 24 is provided on one side of the high-voltage control box 4. The battery box assembly provided in this application realizes energy regulation of the energy storage device by stacking multiple battery boxes containing battery packs 3 between the base 1 and the high-voltage control box 4. The battery boxes are easy to assemble and disassemble. The quick-connect male terminal 31 and quick-connect female terminal 32 both have power ports and communication ports, realizing the power connection of the battery packs 3 in series or parallel while realizing the communication connection, reducing installation wiring and reducing the complexity of assembly and disassembly.

[0060] The battery packs 3 can be connected in series and in parallel, allowing for plug-and-play installation without the need to connect power cables and communication cables during installation. This simplifies the installation process and allows for quick assembly and disassembly of the battery packs, similar to an all-in-one unit, while also adapting to different capacity requirements, similar to a split unit.

[0061] When multiple battery packs 3 have different capacities, they are all encapsulated using a box 5 of the same size.

[0062] In some embodiments, the inner wall of the front cover of the housing 5 is provided with a tray 53. During installation, the battery module 33 is fixedly installed on the tray 53. The battery box is provided with a pressure strip 511, which presses against the battery module 33. A BMU34 or BMS36 is arranged on the side of the pressure strip 511 away from the battery module 33.

[0063] As shown in Figures 5-7, the pressure strip 511 is an L-shaped component. One of the two strips of the pressure strip 511 is flush with the inner wall of the top plate 51 or the bottom plate 52, while the other strip is perpendicular to both. Both ends of the pressure strip 511 extend to and connect to the two side plates of the housing 5. When the battery module 33 is installed on the tray 53, the pressure strip 511 presses against the other side of the battery module 33, achieving stable installation. A gap is formed between the two pressure strips 511, and a panel base 512 is provided between them to fix the BMU / BMS panel 513 in place.

[0064] The BMU / BMS panel 513 is used to set up the battery management system BMU34 / BMS36. During installation, the BMU / BMS panel 513 is located on the side of the panel base 512 away from the battery module 33. The internal space of the enclosure 5 can accommodate different specifications of hard-pack and soft-pack cells, such as 50Ah, 100Ah, 280Ah, and 314Ah. The enclosure 5 of the battery box formed by different specifications of battery packs 3 has the same structural style, thereby improving the standardization of the product and reducing production costs and the time required for structural design and testing.

[0065] In some embodiments, the inner walls of the top plate 51 and the bottom plate 52 of the battery box are respectively provided with limiting members 521. The limiting members 521 are located between the tray 53 and the pressure strip 511, and the battery module 33 abuts against the two limiting members 521 to limit it.

[0066] As shown in Figure 7, the limiting member 521, made of channel steel, is fastened to the inner wall of the top plate 51 and the bottom plate 52 at their relative positions. It is configured to limit the left and right sides of the battery module 33, preventing the battery module 33 from swaying left and right within the housing 5. The limiting member 521, the tray 53, and the pressure strip 511 form a comprehensive limiting mechanism for the battery module 33. The limiting member 521 is detachably connected to the top plate 51 and the bottom plate 52, allowing for easy replacement of the limiting member 521 according to the size of the battery module 33. The limiting member 521 extends along both sides of the housing 5 to provide as much support and limitation as possible for the battery module 33.

[0067] In some embodiments, the two side plates of the housing 5 are respectively provided with fixing blocks 514, and the two ends of the pressure strip 511 are respectively fixedly supported on the two oppositely arranged fixing blocks 514. The pressure strip 511 is provided with wiring holes, and the power lines and communication lines of the battery pack 3 are arranged along the pressure strip 511 and pass through the wiring holes.

[0068] As shown in Figure 5, the fixing blocks 514 are bolted to the two side plates of the enclosure 5. The fixing blocks 514 on the two side plates are arranged opposite to each other. The two ends of the pressure strip 511 are respectively fixedly supported on the fixing blocks 514, realizing a detachable connection between the pressure strip 511 and the enclosure 5. The strip plate of the pressure strip 511 has the function of guiding and fixing the power lines and communication lines, realizing the storage and routing of the power lines and communication lines inside the enclosure 5.

[0069] In some embodiments, the outer walls of the top plate 51 and the bottom plate 52 of the battery box are respectively provided with positioning protrusions 515 and positioning grooves 518. The positioning grooves 518 of the upper battery box cooperate with the positioning protrusions 515 of the lower battery box for positioning and assembly.

[0070] As shown in Figure 5, positioning protrusions 515 and quick-connect terminal males 31 are spaced apart on the top plate 51. Multiple positioning protrusions 515 can be provided. When two housings 5 ​​are combined, the positioning protrusions 515 facilitate the positioning of the two housings 5, achieving multi-point fixing and precise positioning, reducing the problem of misalignment caused by single-point fixing. The mating structure of the positioning protrusions 515 and quick-connect terminal males 31 helps determine the assembly direction and improves assembly efficiency. The positioning protrusions 515 cooperate with the positioning grooves 518, allowing the positioning protrusions 515 to be fully inserted into the positioning grooves 518, so that the top plates 51 and bottom plates 52 of the two housings 5 ​​fit together. Both the positioning protrusions 515 and quick-connect terminal males 31 protrude from the surface of the top plate 51. By setting the height of the protrusions, displacement between adjacent battery boxes can be avoided, preventing the battery boxes from tipping over.

[0071] The exterior of the enclosure 5 is also provided with multiple connecting pieces 55, as shown in Figures 8 and 10. The connecting pieces 55 connect two adjacent enclosures 5, the enclosure 5 and the base 1, and the enclosure 5 and the high-voltage control box 4.

[0072] Multiple connecting pieces 55 are positioned on the left and right sides to increase the stability of the connections between the enclosures 5, between the enclosure 5 and the base 1, and between the enclosure 5 and the high-voltage control box 4, preventing the enclosure assembly from tipping over. Provided the dimensions of the enclosure 5 meet the anti-tipping design requirements, the size of the connecting pieces 55 can be appropriately reduced.

[0073] As further explained in Figure 9, a fixing device 542 is provided on the outer side of the rear cover plate 54 of the battery box. Generally, the fixing device 542 is located on the back of the high voltage control box 4 or on the back of the battery box body 5, and is designed to be hung or mounted on a wall or other fixed facility.

[0074] As shown in Figure 9, a pressure relief port 541 is provided on the back of each battery box to prevent injury to people from the side or front and to prevent gas from being ejected from the male quick-connect terminal 31 at the top, which would affect the stability of the battery box stacking structure. The pressure relief method adopts a combination of active and passive methods. A pressure relief valve is provided at the pressure relief port 541. The pressure relief valve has a preset power value. When the internal pressure of the battery box reaches the preset value, the mechanical push of the pressure relief valve will release the pressure in time. The pressure relief valve is a one-way valve. The BMS36 or PCU21 can open the pressure relief valve in time based on the data fed back by the internal sensors.

[0075] A gas sensor is placed inside each battery box near the pressure relief port 541 of the battery pack 3. The gas sensor is connected to BMS36 / BMU34 for communication and performs power-off control when the data is abnormal.

[0076] A fire suppression module is installed inside the battery box. The fire suppression module is a PACK-level fire suppression module and is located on the top of battery module 33. The top of the fire suppression module is equipped with a thermal insulation layer to prevent thermal runaway from affecting adjacent battery boxes. The fire suppression module adopts a pulse aerosol fire suppression scheme. When the thermal runaway temperature exceeds 170°C or an open flame occurs, it will automatically protect itself without a control signal.

[0077] For the parallel battery pack 3, as shown in Figure 6, it includes a second DC / DC module 35, which needs to be equipped with a heat sink 351. For large-capacity cells (such as 100Ah, 280Ah, 314Ah), the second DC / DC module 35 is used to boost the voltage. For small-capacity cells (such as 50Ah), there is no second DC / DC module 35.

[0078] In this embodiment, the heat sink 351 and the second DC / DC module 35 are respectively disposed on the outer wall and inner wall of the same side plate. The inner wall of the side plate is coated with thermally conductive adhesive to promote heat conduction, so that the heat sink 351 can dissipate the heat of the second DC / DC module 35 as soon as possible to achieve heat dissipation. The external heat sink 351 can be set as a battery pack 3 that determines that the battery box is in parallel mode, thereby avoiding the incorrect mixing of battery boxes in series mode and parallel mode.

[0079] The second DC / DC module 35 is provided with heat-insulating and fireproof cotton between it and the battery module 33, which will not affect the temperature of the internal battery cells.

[0080] In this embodiment, an axial fan is also installed inside the battery box. The axial fan is located on one side of the battery box to dissipate heat from the bottom up on the heat sink, which further improves the heat dissipation effect.

[0081] As shown in Figure 15, the high-voltage box 4 is equipped with a power indicator light strip. From the outside to the inside, the strip consists of a panel 41 (a tempered black transparent glass panel), black adhesive 42, polycarbonate (PC) diffusion film 43, polyethylene (PE) light-concentrating strip 44, black adhesive 42, printed circuit board (PCB) 45, and back adhesive 46, which combines functions such as anti-ultraviolet, light guiding, anti-crosslighting, and power display.

[0082] The light guide fixing layer includes a PE light-concentrating strip 44, a PC diffusion film 43, and a diffusion film adhesive. Multiple independent cavities are formed inside the light guide fixing layer, each cavity corresponding to a light area, thus separating the various light areas and achieving the following effects:

[0083] 1) Tempered black transparent glass is used to improve scratch resistance and light transmission uniformity;

[0084] 2) Uses UV-resistant black glue to solve the problem of fading and aging when used outdoors;

[0085] 3) PE light-concentrating strips, combined with PC diffusion film, achieve secondary diffusion and homogenization of light;

[0086] 4) The back of the LED beads is soldered onto the PCB, and the side of the PCB away from the LED beads is coated with adhesive.

[0087] 5) The power supply busbars of each board are integrated on the PCB, simplifying the wiring process;

[0088] 6) Industrial-grade adhesive is used to ensure long-term adhesion reliability.

[0089] Example 3:

[0090] As shown in Figures 3 and 4, in this embodiment, the residential battery module further includes a heating module 7, which is attached to the battery pack 3. The heating module 7 draws power from the battery pack 3 or the controller 2.

[0091] In this embodiment, the heating module 7 may be a graphene heating sheet, which is disposed on the side of the battery module 33 and is configured to uniformly heat the side of the battery module 33.

[0092] The heating module 7 draws power from the first DC / DC module 22 or the second DC / DC module 35, or from an external device through the high-voltage control box 4, to avoid drawing power from inside the battery module 33 and affecting the power balance of the battery module 33.

[0093] As shown in Figure 3, when the battery pack 3 is connected in series, the quick-connect male connector 31 and quick-connect female connector 32 of the battery pack 3 are each provided with an additional port E. The two ports E are respectively connected to the two ends of the heating module 7. The ports A, D and E of the quick-connect male connector 11 in the base 1 are connected and conductive. The port E of the top quick-connect female connector 23 in the controller 2 is connected to the first DC / DC module 22. A switch K1 is connected in series on the power line between the heating module 7 and the first DC / DC module 22. The switch K1 is opened and closed according to the instructions of the PCU21, thereby controlling the heating start and stop of the heating module 7.

[0094] As shown in Figure 4, when the battery pack 3 is connected in parallel, the two ends of the heating module 7 are electrically connected to the second DC / DC module 35. Power is drawn from external photovoltaic or grid through the positive and negative busbars of the power line and the power conversion system (PCS) to supply power to the heating module 7.

[0095] In some embodiments, a heat-conducting plate may also be arranged in the middle of the battery module 33 to transfer heat to both sides of the battery module 33, thereby achieving uniform heating. The heat-conducting plate may be made of anisotropic nanomaterials, which have low thermal conductivity in the short-distance direction and high thermal conductivity in the planar direction.

[0096] Example 4:

[0097] It should be further noted that this plug-and-play assembly method is not limited to residential energy storage split units and residential energy storage integrated units. In the series-connected models of residential energy storage split units, the secondary control unit PCU21 of the battery management system, the first DC / DC module 22, and the fuse are assembled in the high-voltage control box 4. The external terminal 24 of the high-voltage control box 4 leads out a power line to connect with the external energy storage converter to complete the power transmission with the external photovoltaic modules and the power grid. In the parallel-connected split units, each battery box is equipped with a BMS36. The BMS36 independently controls each battery module 33. The high-voltage control box 4 is equipped with an external terminal 24 for communication with the BMS36, and communication with external devices is achieved through the external terminal 24.

[0098] As shown in Figures 12 and 13, the residential energy storage unit also includes an EMS and an inverter PCS. The EMS and inverter PCS are integrated into the energy management unit 6 and assembled separately in a housing 5. At this time, the energy management unit 6 has external connection terminals and quick-connect female terminals 32. The high-voltage control box 4 has quick-connect male terminals 31 and top quick-connect female terminals 23. The quick-connect female terminals 32 of the energy management unit 6 are adapted to the quick-connect male terminals 31 of the high-voltage control box 4 for power and communication connection. Power conversion is performed through the inverter PCS to charge and discharge the battery, and data interaction is performed with remote devices through the EMS.

Claims

1. A household battery module, comprising a base (1), a controller (2), and battery packs (3) connected in series or in parallel between the base (1) and the controller (2), each battery pack (3) being provided with a quick-connect male connector (31) and a quick-connect female connector (32), wherein the quick-connect male connector (31) and the quick-connect female connector (32) both include a power port and a communication port, wherein, The power port is configured to lead out a power line to connect to the positive / negative terminal of the battery pack (3), and the communication port is configured to lead out a communication line to connect to the battery pack (3). The quick-connect male connector (31) of one battery pack (3) is connected to the quick-connect female connector (32) of another battery pack (3) to achieve series or parallel connection.

2. The household battery module according to claim 1, wherein, When multiple battery packs (3) are connected in series, the battery pack (3) includes a battery module (33) and a BMU (34). One power port of the quick-connect male connector (31) and the quick-connect female connector (32) are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery pack (3). The other power port of the quick-connect male connector (31) and the quick-connect female connector (32) are connected by a power line. The two ends of the BMU (34) are respectively connected to the communication ports of the quick-connect male connector (31) and the quick-connect female connector (32).

3. The household battery module according to claim 2, wherein, The base (1) is provided with a quick-connect male connector (11), and the two power ports of the quick-connect male connector (11) are connected by a power line to conduct electricity.

4. The household battery module according to claim 2, wherein, The controller (2) includes a PCU (21) and a first DC / DC module (22). The controller (2) has a top quick-connect female terminal (23) and an external terminal (24). The two power ports of the top quick-connect female terminal (23) are respectively connected to the positive and negative busbars of the power line to the first DC / DC module (22). The first DC / DC module (22) is also connected to the external terminal (24) through the power line, and is configured to transmit power to external devices. The top quick-connect female terminal (23) is also connected to the PCU (21) through a communication line. The PCU (21) communicates with the external devices through the communication port of the external terminal (24).

5. The household battery module according to claim 1, wherein, When multiple battery packs (3) are connected in parallel, the battery pack (3) includes a battery module (33), a BMS (36), and a second DC / DC module (35). The two power ports of the quick-connect male connector (31) are connected to the two power ports of the quick-connect female connector (32) through two power lines. The positive and negative terminals of the battery pack (3) are connected to the two power lines through the second DC / DC module (35). The communication port of the quick-connect male connector (31) and the communication port of the quick-connect female connector (32) are connected to each other and to the BMS (36).

6. The household battery module according to claim 5, wherein, The controller (2) has a top quick-connect female terminal (23) and an external terminal (24). The top quick-connect female terminal (23) is plugged into the quick-connect male terminal (31) of the battery pack (3) stacked on top. The two power ports of the top quick-connect female terminal (23) are connected to the two power ports of the external terminal (24) respectively through two power lines. The communication port of the top quick-connect female terminal (23) and the communication port of the external terminal (24) are connected in communication.

7. The household battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, The household battery module also includes a heating module (7), which is attached to the battery pack (3) and is powered by the battery pack (3) or the controller (2).

8. A battery box assembly, comprising a base (1), a high-voltage control box (4), and a plurality of battery boxes stacked between the base (1) and the high-voltage control box (4), wherein the battery box includes a housing (5), and the housing (5) contains a battery pack (3) of a household battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the top plate (51) and the bottom plate (52) of the housing (5) are respectively provided with a boss hole (516) and a recess hole (517), and the quick-connect male terminal (31) and the quick-connect female terminal (32) of each battery pack (3) are respectively installed in the boss hole (516) and the recess hole (517). When any two battery boxes are stacked in the groove hole (517), the boss hole (516) of one battery box and the groove hole (517) of the other battery box are engaged to connect the battery packs (3) inside the two battery boxes in series or in parallel. The outer walls of the top plate (51) and the bottom plate (52) of the battery box are respectively provided with positioning protrusions (515) and positioning grooves (518). The positioning groove (518) of the battery box stacked on top is engaged with the positioning protrusion (515) on the battery box below for positioning and assembly.

9. The battery box assembly according to claim 8, wherein, The inner wall of the front cover of the battery box is provided with a tray (53), and the battery module (33) is fixedly installed on the tray (53). The battery box is provided with a pressure strip (511), which presses the battery module (33). The two side plates of the box body (5) are respectively provided with fixing blocks (514). The two ends of the pressure strip (511) are respectively fixedly supported on the two opposite fixing blocks (514). The pressure strip (511) is provided with wiring holes. The power lines and communication lines of the battery pack (3) are arranged along the pressure strip (511) and pass through the wiring holes. The pressure strip (511) has BMU (34) / BMS (36) arranged on the side away from the battery module (33).

10. The battery box assembly according to claim 9, wherein, The inner walls of the top plate (51) and the bottom plate (52) of the battery box are respectively provided with limiting members (521). The limiting members (521) are located between the tray (53) and the pressure strip (511). The battery module (33) abuts against the two limiting members (521) to limit its position.

11. The battery box assembly according to claim 8, wherein, The inner and outer walls of one side panel of the housing (5) are respectively provided with a second DC / DC module (35) and a heat sink (351), and the inner wall of the side panel is coated with thermally conductive adhesive.

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