Antenna apparatus and smart glasses

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of wearable devices. Provided are an antenna apparatus and smart glasses, which can solve the problem that existing smart glasses mostly use linearly polarized antennas and the receiving efficiency of the antennas is likely to be affected, thus affecting the communication quality of the smart glasses. The antenna apparatus is applied to smart glasses, the smart glasses comprising a glasses frame and glasses temples connected to the glasses frame. The antenna apparatus comprises: an antenna radiator, comprising a first branch and a second branch, the first branch being arranged on the glasses frame, and the second branch being arranged on a glasses temple; and a feeding port, used for coupled feeding to the antenna radiator. When the antenna radiator is excited on the basis of the feeding port, a current direction of the first branch is perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to a current direction of the second branch; at a first phase instant, the current in the antenna radiator is concentratedly distributed in the first branch, and, at a second phase instant, the current in the antenna radiator is concentratedly distributed in the second branch, there being a preset phase difference between the first phase instant and the second phase instant.

Description

An antenna device and smart glasses

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202510125271.8, filed on January 24, 2025, entitled “An Antenna Device and Smart Glasses”, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of wearable device technology, and more particularly to an antenna device and smart glasses. Background Technology

[0003] Smart glasses are wearable devices that combine the functions of traditional eyeglasses with modern technology. They typically include a miniature display, camera, sensors, antenna, and wireless communication module, providing users with a variety of intelligent functions. For example, smart glasses can transmit or receive electromagnetic waves via antennas to achieve positioning and navigation. Currently, most existing smart glasses designs use linearly polarized antennas. These antennas can only generate linearly polarized signals. The reception efficiency is highest when the polarization direction of the linearly polarized antenna is perfectly aligned with the polarization direction of the incident electromagnetic wave. However, if the polarization direction of the linearly polarized antenna does not match the polarization direction of the incident electromagnetic wave, it can easily affect the antenna's reception efficiency, thus impacting the communication quality of the smart glasses. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an antenna device for use in smart glasses, which addresses the problem that existing smart glasses often use linearly polarized antennas, which can easily affect the antenna's receiving efficiency and thus the communication quality of the smart glasses.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] In a first aspect, an antenna device is provided for use in smart glasses. The smart glasses include a frame and temples connected to the frame. The antenna device includes: an antenna radiator, including a first stub and a second stub, the first stub being disposed on the frame and the second stub being disposed on the temple; and a feed port for coupling and feeding the antenna radiator. When the antenna radiator is excited based on the feed port, the current direction of the first stub is perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the current direction of the second stub, and at a first phase moment, the current in the antenna radiator is concentrated in the first stub, and at a second phase moment, the current in the antenna radiator is concentrated in the second stub, with a preset phase difference between the first and second phase moments.

[0007] The preset phase difference can be any value in n*90°±15°, where n is an odd number.

[0008] When the antenna device provided in this application is applied to smart glasses, based on the product architecture of the smart glasses, the first segment of the antenna radiator is arranged on the frame of the smart glasses, and the second segment is arranged on the temple of the smart glasses. When the antenna radiator is excited based on the feed port, the current direction of the first segment is perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the current direction of the second segment, and the phase difference between the current in the first segment and the current in the second segment is a preset phase difference. In this case, the current in the antenna radiator is concentrated on the first or second segment, thereby enabling the antenna radiator to generate a circularly polarized signal, achieving circularly polarized radiation, and thus improving the antenna's receiving efficiency and the communication quality of the smart glasses.

[0009] In some embodiments, the feed port is located at a first position on the antenna radiator, and the distance between the first position and the corner position formed by the first stub and the second stub is any value between 0 and 5 mm.

[0010] Optionally, the first position is the corner formed by the first stub and the second stub, that is, the distance between the first position and the corner formed by the first stub and the second stub is 0mm. In this case, when the antenna radiator is excited based on the feed port, a better circular polarization radiation effect can be formed.

[0011] In some embodiments, the equivalent length of the first branch is equal to or substantially equal to the equivalent length of the second branch.

[0012] In some embodiments, the amplitude of the current signal on the first branch is equal to or substantially equal to the amplitude of the current signal on the second branch.

[0013] In this embodiment, when the first position is the corner formed by the first stub and the second stub, and the equivalent length of the first stub is equal to or substantially equal to the equivalent length of the second stub, and the amplitude of the current signal on the first stub is equal to or substantially equal to the amplitude of the current signal on the second stub, a better circular polarization radiation effect can be formed when the antenna radiator is excited based on the feed port.

[0014] In some embodiments, the smart glasses include a first PCB circuit board, which is electrically connected to an antenna radiator via a feed port for transmitting electrical signals to the antenna radiator through the feed port; the form of the electrical connection includes a feed wire or a feed spring.

[0015] The first PCB circuit board, also known as the main PCB circuit board, is used to connect and control the operation of various electronic components in the smart glasses. For example, the first PCB circuit board has an antenna radio frequency module for generating radio frequency signals. This radio frequency signal is transmitted through the first PCB circuit board to the feed port of the antenna radiator, and then from the feed port to the antenna radiator, and finally radiated out by the antenna radiator.

[0016] In some embodiments, the preset phase difference includes n*90°±15°.

[0017] In this embodiment, when the preset phase difference is n*90°±15°, the current distribution of each branch of the antenna radiator is mainly concentrated on the first branch or the second branch, thereby further satisfying the formation conditions of the antenna circular polarization, so that the antenna radiator can achieve a better circular polarization radiation effect.

[0018] In some embodiments, a first lumped element is provided on the first stub for adjusting the phase of the current on the first stub, and a second lumped element is provided on the second stub for adjusting the phase of the current on the second stub, so that at the first phase moment, the current in the antenna radiator is concentrated in the first stub, and at the second phase moment, the current in the antenna radiator is concentrated in the second stub, and the antenna radiator operates in the first frequency band.

[0019] The lumped components can be inductors, capacitors, or resistors. By adjusting the phase of the current in the first and second stubs using these lumped components, the current in the antenna radiator is concentrated in the first stub at the first phase time and in the second stub at the second phase time, thereby enabling the antenna radiator to operate in the first frequency band, such as the L1 band.

[0020] In some embodiments, the smart glasses include a first PCB circuit board, and the antenna device further includes a ground port. The first PCB circuit board is connected to the ground port through a tuning element. The tuning element is used to adjust the grounding parameters of the ground port so that the antenna radiator operates in a second frequency band, which is different from the first frequency band.

[0021] In this embodiment, by setting a ground port near the power supply port and connecting tuning components in parallel between the ground port and the first PCB board, the antenna radiator can operate in the second frequency band, such as the L5 band, thereby further expanding the antenna bandwidth and improving the antenna's radiation performance.

[0022] In some embodiments, the grounding port is located at a second position on the antenna radiator, and the distance between the second position and the corner position formed by the first stub and the second stub is any value between 0 and 5 mm.

[0023] Optionally, the second position is the corner formed by the first stub and the second stub, that is, the distance between the first position and the corner formed by the first stub and the second stub is 0mm. In this case, when the antenna radiator is excited based on the ground port, the polarization effect of the antenna is better.

[0024] In some embodiments, the smart glasses include a first temple and a first frame connected to the first temple, a second temple and a second frame connected to the second temple; an antenna radiator is disposed at the connection between the first temple and the first frame; and / or, the antenna radiator is disposed at the connection between the second temple and the second frame.

[0025] In this embodiment, the antenna device can be placed at one end of the smart glasses wearing scenario or at the other end. Of course, antenna devices can also be placed at both ends; the specific placement and method can be determined according to the actual usage scenario requirements.

[0026] In this embodiment, the antenna device is positioned at the corner formed by the frame and temples. Since smart glasses are head-mounted devices, this location is relatively far from the head, thus reducing the attenuation of electromagnetic wave energy by the head tissue during transmission and reception, thereby improving antenna efficiency. This arrangement effectively avoids the problem of reduced antenna efficiency caused by resistance encountered when electromagnetic waves pass through human tissues (such as skin, muscles, and bones) during transmission or reception, resulting in energy absorption or scattering.

[0027] In some embodiments, the frame and temple are connected by a pivot, allowing the temple to rotate relative to the frame. When the pivot is located at the corner formed by the frame and temple, the first and second segments rotate in coordination when the temple rotates relative to the frame along the pivot. When the pivot is located on the temple, the temple includes a fixed portion near the frame and a movable portion away from the frame, and the second segment is located on the fixed portion. When the temple rotates relative to the frame along the pivot, the relative positions of the first and second segments remain unchanged.

[0028] The location of the connecting hinge can be determined according to the specific assembly requirements of the smart glasses.

[0029] In some embodiments, when the pivot is located at the corner formed by the frame and the temple, both the first and second branches are made of flexible substrate material, and there is a preset distance between the first and second branches and the pivot.

[0030] In this embodiment, both the first and second branches are made of flexible substrate material, allowing the antenna device to better adapt to the opening and closing angles of the temples and frame. Furthermore, this embodiment establishes a preset distance between the antenna radiator and the rotating shaft, creating a certain clearance between them, thereby reducing the impact of the metal material inside the rotating shaft on the antenna radiator.

[0031] In some embodiments, the flexible substrate material includes any one of a metal steel sheet, a flexible printed circuit board, or a printed circuit board.

[0032] In some embodiments, the smart glasses include a first PCB circuit board and a second PCB circuit board connected to the first PCB circuit board. An antenna radio frequency module is integrated on the first PCB circuit board, and the second PCB circuit board is electrically connected to the antenna radiator through a feed port for transmitting radio frequency signals from the first PCB circuit board to the antenna radiator. The radio frequency signals are generated by the antenna radio frequency module.

[0033] The first PCB circuit board can be set in the frame of the smart glasses or in the temple of the smart glasses.

[0034] In this embodiment, the second PCB circuit board is provided so that when the location of the first PCB circuit board is far from the antenna radiator, the second PCB circuit board can transmit the radio frequency signal generated by the antenna radio frequency module in the first PCB circuit board to the antenna radiator, or transmit the signal received by the antenna radiator from the outside to the first PCB circuit board, thereby making it more suitable for the assembly structure of smart glasses.

[0035] In some embodiments, the antenna radiator further includes a third stub, which is disposed in the frame or temple portion, and the electromagnetic field of the third stub overlaps with the electromagnetic field of the second or first stub, so that the antenna radiator operates in a third frequency band.

[0036] In this embodiment, by adding coupling stubs to the antenna radiator on the frame or temple of the smart glasses, the antenna bandwidth can be further extended, so that the antenna radiator can operate simultaneously in a third frequency band. For example, the third frequency band can be GNSS, WiFi 5G, etc., so that the antenna device can cover GNSS, WiFi 5G, etc.

[0037] In a second aspect, a smart glasses device is provided, including the antenna device shown in the first aspect.

[0038] It is understandable that the beneficial effects of the second aspect mentioned above can be found in the relevant descriptions in the first aspect mentioned above, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of smart glasses provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the frame structure of smart glasses provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 3A is a structural schematic diagram of the smart glasses in the unfolded state according to an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 3B is a schematic diagram of the structure of smart glasses in a folded state according to an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 3C is a structural schematic diagram of the smart glasses in the unfolded state according to another embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 4A is a schematic diagram of the setting position of the power supply port provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 4B is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna radiator provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 5A is a schematic diagram of the antenna device provided in an embodiment of this application in smart glasses;

[0047] Figure 5B is a schematic diagram of the connection method of the antenna device provided in an embodiment of this application in smart glasses;

[0048] Figure 6A is a schematic diagram of the antenna device in smart glasses according to another embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 6B is a schematic diagram of the connection method of the antenna device in smart glasses according to another embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 7A is a schematic diagram of the location of the grounding port provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 7B is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna radiator provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 8A is a schematic diagram of left-hand circular polarization of an antenna device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 8B is a schematic diagram of right-hand circular polarization of an antenna device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating the formation principle of L1 dual-band and L5 single-band according to an embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 10A is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the first and second stubs in the antenna radiator at 0° phase according to an embodiment of this application.

[0056] Figure 10B is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the first and second stubs in the antenna radiator at a 90° phase according to an embodiment of this application.

[0057] Figure 11A is a schematic diagram of the antenna radiation pattern of an antenna device provided in an embodiment of this application under theoretical operating conditions;

[0058] Figure 11B is a schematic diagram of the antenna radiation pattern of an antenna device provided in an embodiment of this application in actual working condition;

[0059] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the current distribution in the L5 frequency band provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0060] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of smart glasses provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0061] The technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0062] It should be understood that in the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " means "or". For example, A / B can mean A or B. The "and / or" in this document is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone.

[0063] In this embodiment, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this embodiment, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0064] As smart glasses become more and more widespread, the functions they can perform are also increasing. For example, smart glasses can transmit and receive electromagnetic waves through antennas to achieve navigation and positioning functions.

[0065] Currently, smart glasses can utilize Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) technology. Through GNSS antennas, receivers, and processors built into the glasses, they achieve navigation and positioning functions, improving positioning accuracy. Combined with the display function of the lenses, this enables the most natural navigation experience. GNSS is a general term for satellite positioning systems, referring to space-based radio navigation and positioning systems that provide users with all-weather three-dimensional coordinates, velocity, and time information from any location on the Earth's surface or in near-Earth space. Examples include the Global Positioning System (GPS), BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), and Galileo Navigation Satellite System. This application does not limit the specific satellite positioning system used.

[0066] Compared to other terminal devices such as mobile phones and watches, the usage and wearing posture of smart glasses are relatively fixed. Therefore, in some scenarios, smart glasses can be used for independent GNSS positioning. This means that the GNSS antenna and GNSS receiver in the smart glasses are used to receive and process GNSS signals, respectively. For example, as shown in Figure 1(a), after receiving GNSS signals, the GNSS antenna on the smart glasses transmits these data to the internal GNSS receiver for processing. The GNSS receiver calculates the precise location and navigation information of the smart glasses based on this data. Simultaneously, the precise location and navigation information calculated by the GNSS receiver is transmitted to the processor of the smart glasses. The processor further processes the received location and navigation information by combining it with data from other sensors (such as speedometers and gyroscopes) to improve the accuracy and stability of the positioning. Finally, the processed data is displayed on the screen of the smart glasses or provided to the user through voice prompts.

[0067] In other scenarios, as shown in Figure 1(b), smart glasses can also work with other terminal devices (such as watches, mobile phones, etc.) for assisted positioning. This includes signaling interaction before assisted positioning, smart glasses sending the calculated positioning information to the mobile phone or watch, and the mobile phone or watch providing feedback confirmation, in order to achieve better positioning results.

[0068] Currently, GNSS antennas are typically mounted on the temples, frames, or lenses of smart glasses, and most employ a linear polarization design. During the transmission and reception of electromagnetic waves via GNSS antennas, smart glasses can only generate linearly polarized signals. The reception efficiency is highest when the polarization direction of the linearly polarized antenna is perfectly aligned with the polarization direction of the incident electromagnetic wave. However, external devices transmitting GNSS signals generally send circularly polarized signals. Therefore, if a linearly polarized GNSS antenna is used, it can only receive a portion of the circularly polarized signal, resulting in significant signal loss and reduced reception efficiency, thus affecting the communication quality of the smart glasses.

[0069] In addition, in existing smart glasses, based on the structural design of the antenna and the glasses (for example, the antenna is designed on the lens), the antenna pattern of the GNSS antenna is usually forward-radiating, which makes it difficult for the GNSS antenna to align with the star, thus affecting the antenna efficiency.

[0070] In satellite navigation or communication systems, circularly polarized antennas offer several unique advantages over linearly polarized antennas. For instance, linearly polarized waves undergo polarization rotation (commonly known as Faraday rotation) as they pass through the ionosphere, while circularly polarized waves, due to their rotational symmetry, resist Faraday rotation. Therefore, circularly polarized antennas are generally used as transmitting or receiving antennas in satellite navigation and communication. Furthermore, in satellite navigation or communication systems, using traditional linearly polarized antennas to receive circularly polarized waves from satellites can result in a loss of up to half the energy due to polarization mismatch. Therefore, providing a circularly polarized antenna is of great significance for realizing satellite communication or navigation functions in smart glasses.

[0071] Therefore, this application provides an antenna device for use in smart glasses. When the smart glasses are in operation, the antenna device can generate a circularly polarized signal, achieving circularly polarized radiation, thereby improving the antenna's receiving efficiency and enhancing the communication quality of the smart glasses.

[0072] Before introducing the antenna device provided in the embodiments of this application, the frame composition of the smart glasses involved in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced first.

[0073] The smart glasses provided in this application embodiment may be augmented reality (AR) glasses, virtual reality (VR) glasses, mixed reality (MR) glasses, ordinary glasses with communication functions, or other types of glasses, etc., and are not limited here.

[0074] The smart glasses described in this application can have an independent operating system, similar to smartphones and other terminal devices. They can be controlled via voice or gestures to perform functions such as adding schedules, map navigation, interacting with friends, taking photos and videos, and making calls. They can also access wireless networks via mobile communication networks. "Smart glasses" is a general term for wearable eyewear devices that can achieve various functions through software.

[0075] For example, please refer to Figure 2. Taking VR glasses as an example, Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a VR glasses provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 2, the VR glasses may include a processor 210, a memory 220, a sensor module 230, a microphone 240, buttons 250, an input / output interface 260, a communication module 270, a camera 280, a battery 290, an optical display module 2100, and an eye-tracking module 2200, etc.

[0076] It is understood that the structures illustrated in the embodiments of this application do not constitute a specific limitation on VR glasses. In other embodiments of this application, VR glasses may include more or fewer components than illustrated, or combine some components, or separate some components, or have different component arrangements. The illustrated components may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

[0077] Processor 210 is typically used to control the overall operation of VR glasses and may include one or more processing units. For example, processor 210 may include an application processor (AP), a modem processor, a graphics processing unit (GPU), an image signal processor (ISP), a video processing unit (VPU) controller, memory, a video codec, a digital signal processor (DSP), a baseband processor, and / or a neural network processing unit (NPU). The different processing units may be independent devices or integrated into one or more processors.

[0078] The processor 210 may also include a memory for storing instructions and data. In some embodiments, the memory in the processor 210 is a cache memory. This memory can store instructions or data that the processor 210 has just used or that are used repeatedly. If the processor 210 needs to use the instruction or data again, it can retrieve it directly from the memory. This avoids repeated accesses, reduces the waiting time of the processor 210, and thus improves the efficiency of the system.

[0079] In some embodiments, the processor 210 may include one or more interfaces. Interfaces may include an inter-integrated circuit (I2C) interface, a universal asynchronous receiver / transmitter (UART) interface, a mobile industry processor interface (MIPI), a general-purpose input / output (GPIO) interface, a subscriber identity module (SIM) interface, and / or a universal serial bus (USB) interface, a serial peripheral interface (SPI) interface, etc.

[0080] VR glasses can include wireless communication capabilities. For example, the VR glasses can receive rendered images from other electronic devices (such as VR host devices or VR servers) for display, or receive unrendered images and then the processor 210 renders and displays the images. The communication module 270 can include a wireless communication module and a mobile communication module. The wireless communication function can be implemented through an antenna (not shown), a mobile communication module (not shown), a modem processor (not shown), and a baseband processor (not shown), etc.

[0081] Antennas are used to transmit and receive electromagnetic wave signals. VR glasses can contain multiple antennas, each capable of covering one or more communication frequency bands. Different antennas can also be reused to improve antenna utilization. For example, antenna 1 can be reused as a diversity antenna for a wireless local area network. In some other embodiments, the antenna can be used in conjunction with a tuning switch.

[0082] The mobile communication module can provide solutions for wireless communication applications in VR glasses, including 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G networks. The mobile communication module may include at least one filter, switch, power amplifier, low-noise amplifier (LNA), etc. The mobile communication module can receive electromagnetic waves via an antenna, filter and amplify the received electromagnetic waves, and transmit them to a modem processor for demodulation. The mobile communication module can also amplify the signal modulated by the modem processor and radiate it as electromagnetic waves via the antenna. In some embodiments, at least some functional modules of the mobile communication module may be housed in the processor 210. In some embodiments, at least some functional modules of the mobile communication module and at least some modules of the processor 210 may be housed in the same device.

[0083] The modem processor may include a modulator and a demodulator. The modulator modulates the low-frequency baseband signal to be transmitted into a mid-to-high frequency signal. The demodulator demodulates the received electromagnetic wave signal into a low-frequency baseband signal. The demodulator then transmits the demodulated low-frequency baseband signal to the baseband processor for processing. After processing by the baseband processor, the low-frequency baseband signal is transmitted to the application processor. The application processor outputs sound signals through an audio device (not limited to a speaker), or displays images or videos through a display screen in the optical display module 2100. In some embodiments, the modem processor may be a separate device. In other embodiments, the modem processor may be independent of the processor 210 and may be housed in the same device as the mobile communication module or other functional modules.

[0084] The wireless communication module can provide solutions for VR glasses applications including wireless local area networks (WLANs) (such as wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) networks), Bluetooth (BT), global navigation satellite system (GNSS), frequency modulation (FM), near field communication (NFC), and infrared (IR) technologies. The wireless communication module can be one or more devices integrating at least one communication processing module. The wireless communication module receives electromagnetic waves via an antenna, modulates and filters the electromagnetic wave signals, and sends the processed signal to the processor 210. The wireless communication module can also receive signals to be transmitted from the processor 210, modulate and amplify them, and then convert them into electromagnetic waves for radiation via the antenna.

[0085] In some embodiments, the antenna of the VR glasses is coupled to the mobile communication module, enabling the VR glasses to communicate with networks and other devices via wireless communication technologies. These wireless communication technologies may include Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), Time-Division Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA), Long Term Evolution (LTE), BT, GNSS, WLAN, NFC, FM, and / or IR technologies. GNSS may include Global Positioning System (GPS), Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS), BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS), and / or Satellite Based Augmentation Systems (SBAS).

[0086] VR glasses utilize a GPU, an optical display module 2100, and an application processor to achieve display functionality. The GPU is a microprocessor for image processing, connecting the optical display module 2100 and the application processor. The GPU performs mathematical and geometric calculations and is used for graphics rendering. The processor 210 may include one or more GPUs, which execute program instructions to generate or modify display information.

[0087] The memory 220 can be used to store computer-executable program code, which includes instructions. The processor 210 executes various functional applications and data processing of the VR glasses by running the instructions stored in the memory 220. The memory 220 may include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system, at least one application program required for a function (such as sound playback, image playback, etc.), etc. The data storage area may store data created during the use of the VR glasses (such as audio data, phonebook, etc.). In addition, the memory 220 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, universal flash storage (UFS), etc.

[0088] VR glasses can achieve audio functions through audio modules, speakers, microphones, headphone jacks, and application processors. Examples include music playback and recording.

[0089] In some embodiments, VR glasses may include one or more buttons 250 that can control the VR glasses and provide users with access to functions on the VR glasses. The buttons 250 may take the form of buttons, switches, dials, and touch or proximity sensing devices (such as touch sensors). Specifically, for example, a user can turn on the optical display module 2100 of the VR glasses by pressing a button. Buttons 250 include a power button, volume buttons, etc. Buttons 250 may be mechanical buttons or touch buttons. The VR glasses can receive button input and generate key signal inputs related to user settings and function control of the VR glasses.

[0090] In some embodiments, the VR headset may include an input / output interface 260, which can connect other devices to the VR headset via suitable components. Components may include, for example, audio / video jacks, data connectors, etc.

[0091] The optical display module 2100, under the control of a processor, presents images to the user. The optical display module 2100 can use one or more optical devices, such as mirrors, transmissive mirrors, or optical waveguides, to convert real-pixel images into near-eye projection virtual images, enabling virtual interactive experiences or a combination of virtual and real interactive experiences. For example, the optical display module 2100 receives image data information, such as positioning or navigation information, from the processor and presents the corresponding images to the user.

[0092] For ease of understanding, the following embodiments of this application will take smart glasses with the frame shown in Figure 2 as an example, and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and application scenarios, will provide a detailed explanation of the specific application of the antenna device provided in the embodiments of this application in smart glasses, and the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0093] It should be noted that in some other examples, the antenna device may not be limited to the form of smart glasses, but may also be applied to other types of wearable devices as needed, such as other wearable devices that are adapted to the head.

[0094] First, a brief introduction will be given to the external structure and wearing scenarios of the smart glasses involved in the embodiments of this application.

[0095] Figure 3A is a schematic diagram of the structure of a smart glasses 300 provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 3A, the smart glasses 300 may include a frame 301, temples 302, and an antenna device. A temple 302 may be fixed to each side of the frame 301. The frame 301 can be used to fix or mount lenses 303. The lenses 303 can be ordinary lenses, allowing the user to observe the scene outside the glasses. Alternatively, the lenses 303 can be lenses capable of displaying images, etc., and can present specific images, etc.

[0096] The smart glasses 300 can be worn on the user's head via the temples 302. For example, the temples 302 can be placed on the user's ears, providing stable support for the temples 302 and enabling wearing. The frame 301 can be placed on the bridge of the user's nose to further ensure stable wearing of the smart glasses 300 on the head.

[0097] The temples 302 can rotate with the frame 301. For example, the two temples 302 can rotate with the frame 301 through hinges, pivots, or other connecting components, allowing the temples 302 to rotate and fold relative to the frame 301 (e.g., the angle between the planes of the temples 302 and the frame 301 can be 0°), facilitating the storage of the smart glasses 300, as shown in Figure 3B. When needed, the temples 302 can be rotated to rotate and unfold relative to the frame 301 (e.g., the angle between the planes of the temples 302 and the frame 301 can be 90°), allowing the two temples 302 to be held between the user's head and rest on the ears, while the frame 301 rests on the bridge of the nose. The connecting component used to achieve the rotational engagement between the frame 301 and the temple 302, taking the pivot 304 as an example (the following description uses the pivot 304 as the connecting component), can be located at the connection point between the frame 301 and the temple 302, i.e., at the corner, as shown in Figure 3A; or it can be located on the temple 302, i.e., at a certain distance from the corner between the pivot 304 and the frame 301 and the temple 302, as shown in Figure 3C. Additionally, Figures 3A and 3C also show the relative positions of other components in the smart glasses 300 to the antenna radiator 100, such as the camera 280, microphone 240, pivot 304, and PCB circuit board.

[0098] Of course, in some other examples, the temple 302 and the frame 301 may not be limited to a rotating fit. For example, the temple 302 and the frame 301 may be fixedly assembled, and the two cannot rotate relative to each other.

[0099] Based on the product architecture and structural form of the smart glasses 300 during use, this application designs an antenna device, which includes an antenna radiator 100 and a power supply port 200. The antenna radiator 100 includes a first stub 101 and a second stub 102. The first stub 101 is disposed on the frame 301, and the second stub 102 is disposed on the temple 302. The power supply port 200 is used to couple power to the antenna radiator 100.

[0100] In some embodiments, the antenna device further includes a ground port 400.

[0101] In the usage scenario, the planes on which the frame 301 and the temple 302 of the smart glasses 300 are located are perpendicular or nearly perpendicular, so that the first branch 101 of the antenna radiator 100 arranged on the frame 301 and the second branch 102 of the antenna radiator 100 arranged on the temple 302 form a natural vertical structure. When the antenna radiator 100 is excited by the feed port 200, the current direction on the first branch 101 (also referred to as the first direction) is perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the current direction on the second branch 102 (also referred to as the second direction). At the same time, the phase of the current on the first branch 101 and the second branch 102 is adjusted so that at the first phase moment, the current in the antenna radiator 100 is concentrated in the first branch 101, and at the second phase moment, the current in the antenna radiator 100 is concentrated in the second branch 102. The first phase moment and the second phase moment have a preset phase difference, thereby enabling the antenna radiator to generate circularly polarized waves and form circularly polarized radiation, thus adapting to the reception requirements of most circularly polarized signals, thereby improving the antenna's reception efficiency and enhancing the user's communication experience when using smart glasses.

[0102] In this embodiment, the preset phase difference can be any value in n*90°±15°, where n is an odd number.

[0103] It is understood that the smart glasses 300 includes two temples 302. Referring to Figure 3A, in this embodiment, the temple 302 located on one side of the smart glasses 300 is referred to as the first temple 3021, and the temple 302 located on the other side of the smart glasses 300 is referred to as the second temple 3022. The frame 301 connected to the first temple 3021 is referred to as the first frame 3011, and the frame connected to the second temple 3022 is referred to as the second frame 3012. Based on this, the antenna device provided in this embodiment can be positioned at the connection between the first temple 3021 and the first frame 3011 of the smart glasses 300, for example, on the right side of the smart glasses 300 when worn. In this case, the antenna radiator 100 can form left-hand circular polarization during operation. Alternatively, it can be positioned at the connection between the second temple 3022 and the second frame 3012, for example, on the left side of the smart glasses 300 when worn. In this case, the antenna radiator 100 can form right-hand circular polarization during operation. The specific placement can be determined based on the actual assembly structure of the smart glasses 300, and this embodiment does not impose any limitations on this.

[0104] Since the smart glasses 300 are head-mounted devices, in this embodiment, the antenna device is positioned at the corner formed by the frame 301 and the temple 302. This position is relatively far from the human head, thereby reducing the attenuation of electromagnetic wave energy by the human head tissue during the transmission and reception of electromagnetic waves, and improving antenna efficiency. This arrangement effectively avoids the problem that when the electromagnetic waves are transmitted or received, they encounter resistance as they pass through human tissue (such as skin, muscles, bones, etc.), causing some energy to be absorbed or scattered, thus reducing antenna efficiency.

[0105] The following explains the structural composition and connection method of each part of the antenna device provided in this embodiment.

[0106] (1) Antenna radiator

[0107] The antenna radiator 100 can be a one-piece structure, that is, the first branch 101 and the second branch 102 are an uninterrupted whole.

[0108] In some embodiments, the antenna radiator 100 can be a flexible structure, which facilitates rotation between the frame 301 and the temple 302 when the two branches of the antenna radiator 100 are respectively mounted on the frame 301 and the temple 302. For example, the antenna radiator 100 can be a metal sheet, a flexible printed circuit board (FPC), a printed circuit board (PCB), or a structure processed using laser direct structuring (LDS) technology, etc. The specific configuration can be determined according to actual needs, and this application does not impose specific limitations on it.

[0109] It should be understood that in practical use, the design and use of the first stub 101 and the second stub 102 of the antenna radiator 100 can significantly affect the antenna performance. For example, the resonant frequency and impedance matching can be adjusted by changing the electrical length of the first stub 101 and the second stub 102; multi-band operation can also be achieved by adding or removing stubs.

[0110] In some embodiments, the equivalent length of the first stub 101 is equal to or substantially equal to the equivalent length of the second stub 102. The equivalent length refers to the electrical length of the antenna radiator 100, which is the ratio of the physical length of the antenna radiator 100 to the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency, typically represented by the wavelength λ. In wireless communication, the electrical length of the antenna radiator 100 directly affects the antenna's radiation characteristics. When the electrical length of the antenna radiator 100 is equal to or close to 1 / 4 wavelength or 1 / 2 wavelength, the antenna usually exhibits better radiation efficiency and directivity. For example, the electrical length of a 1 / 4 wavelength antenna is 0.25, meaning its physical length is 1 / 4 of the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency. Similarly, the electrical length of a 1 / 2 wavelength antenna is 0.5, indicating its physical length is 1 / 2 of the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency. In practical applications, the physical lengths of the first stub 101 and the second stub 102 may be adjusted according to the materials and design used to achieve the required electrical length. This embodiment does not impose any limitations on this.

[0111] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, "A is basically equal to B" means that the value of A falls within a certain range near the value of B (for example, the range of B's ​​value within ±10%). This also includes the case where A equals 5. For example, when B is 5, "A is basically equal to B" means that the value of A is within the range of 5 ± 0.5. That is, all values ​​of A within the range of 5 ± 0.5 can be considered to be basically equal to the value of B, including A equal to 5.

[0112] As shown in Figure 3A, when the smart glasses 300 is in working condition, its entire structure is in an unfolded state, and the straight line of the temple 302 is basically perpendicular to the plane of the frame 301. At this time, the angle formed by the straight line of the temple 302 and the plane of the frame 301 is called the first preset angle, so that the first branch 101 and the second branch 102 of the antenna radiator 100 form a second preset angle.

[0113] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, "basically perpendicular" means that the first preset angle between the line containing the temple 302 and the plane containing the frame 301 falls within a certain range of 90°, such as a range of 90° ± 10%, and also includes 90° itself. For example, the first preset angle can be within the numerical range of 90° ± 10°. It can be understood that the first preset angle is essentially equal to the second preset angle; therefore, based on this first preset angle, the second preset angle can also be within the numerical range of 90° ± 10°.

[0114] When the smart glasses 300 are not in operation, as shown in Figure 3B, they are in a folded state, and the line containing the temple 302 is substantially parallel to the plane containing the frame 301. Similarly, in this embodiment, "substantially parallel" means that the first preset angle between the line containing the temple 302 and the plane containing the frame 301 falls within a certain range around 0°, such as the range of 0° ± 10%, and also includes 0°. At this time, the first preset angle formed by the line containing the temple 302 and the plane containing the frame 301 can be within the numerical range of 0° ± 10°. It can be understood that the second preset angle is substantially equal to the first preset angle; therefore, based on the first preset angle, the second preset angle can also be within the numerical range of 0 ± 10°.

[0115] (2) Power supply port

[0116] The power supply port 200 is located on the antenna radiator 100 and is used to couple power to the antenna radiator 100.

[0117] In some embodiments, the feed port 200 is located at a first position on the antenna radiator 100, and the distance between this first position and the corner formed by the first stub 101 and the second stub 102 is any value between 0 and 5 mm. That is, the first position where the feed port 200 is located can be at or near the corner of the first stub 101 and the second stub 102. Referring to Figure 4A(a), when the equivalent length λ1 of the first stub 101 is approximately equal to the equivalent length λ2 of the second stub 102, the feed port 200 is approximately located in the center of the antenna radiator 100, that is, at the corner of the first stub 101 and the second stub 102. This arrangement can improve the polarization effect of the antenna.

[0118] Alternatively, the first position of the power supply port 200 can also be located on the first branch 101 or the second branch 102. In this case, the first position and the corner position are at a certain distance λ3. The distance λ3 can be any value between 0 and 5 mm, as shown in Figure 4A(b).

[0119] In this embodiment, when the smart glasses 300 is in operation, the first preset angle formed by the straight line of the temple 302 and the plane of the frame 301 can be within the range of 90°±10°. This ensures that the second preset angle between the first branch 101 and the second branch 102 can also be within the range of 90±10°. Therefore, when the antenna radiator 100 is excited based on the feed port 200, the current direction of the first branch 101 is perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the current direction of the second branch 102. Simultaneously, the currents on the first branch 101 and the second branch 102 are adjusted so that at the first phase moment, the current in the antenna radiator 100 is concentrated in the first branch 101, and at the second phase moment, the current in the antenna radiator 100 is concentrated in the second branch 102. The first and second phase moments have a preset phase difference, thereby achieving circularly polarized radiation from the antenna radiator 100. The preset phase difference can be within the range of n90±15°, where n is an odd number. Current distribution refers to the magnitude and direction of the current at different locations or along different paths.

[0120] In some embodiments, lumped components (such as inductors, capacitors, resistors, etc.) are provided in both the first branch 101 and the second branch 102. The phase of the current on the first branch 101 and the second branch 102 is adjusted by the lumped components, so that at the first phase moment, the current in the antenna radiator 100 is concentrated in the first branch 101, and at the second phase moment, the current in the antenna radiator 100 is concentrated in the second branch 102.

[0121] For example, as shown in Figure 4B, a first lumped element 1011 is provided in the first branch 101, and a second lumped element 1012 is provided in the second branch 102. The phase of the current in the first branch 101 is adjusted by the first lumped element 1011, and the phase of the current in the second branch 102 is adjusted by the second lumped element 1012, so that at the first phase moment, the current in the antenna radiator 100 is concentrated in the first branch 101, and at the second phase moment, the current in the antenna radiator 100 is concentrated in the second branch 102.

[0122] The following provides a further explanation of the connection method and working principle of the antenna device provided in this embodiment when it is specifically applied in the smart glasses 300.

[0123] The smart glasses 300 integrates a first PCB circuit board (also referred to as the main PCB circuit board), which coordinates and controls the operation of various electronic components in the smart glasses 300, ensuring that the smart glasses 300 can operate normally and realize intelligent functions. This first PCB circuit board can be disposed on the temple 302 or in the frame 301, depending on the actual assembly space of the smart glasses 300. The following example, using the first PCB circuit board mounted on the temple 302, provides an exemplary explanation of the connection method of the antenna device provided in this application embodiment within the smart glasses 300.

[0124] In the smart glasses 300, an antenna RF module for generating radio frequency signals is integrated on the first PCB circuit board. When the smart glasses 300 is in operation, the RF signal generated by the antenna RF module is transmitted through the first PCB circuit board to the feed port 200 of the antenna radiator 100, and then from the feed port 200 to the antenna radiator 100, where it is finally radiated. The feed port 200 of the antenna radiator 100 and the first PCB circuit board can be electrically connected via a feed spring or feed wire. The RF signal passes through the first PCB circuit board and is then transmitted to the feed port 200 via the feed spring or feed wire.

[0125] Similarly, after receiving the electromagnetic wave signal, the antenna radiator 100 transmits it through the feed port 200 and by the feed spring or feed wire to the first PCB circuit board, and finally the first PCB circuit board transmits it to the signal receiver of the smart glasses 300 for further processing.

[0126] It should be noted that, due to the different positions of the hinge 304 between the temple 302 and the frame 301 in the smart glasses 300—for example, whether the hinge 304 is located on the temple 302 or at the connection between the frame 301 and the temple 302—the connection method of the antenna radiator 100 to various components in the smart glasses 300 will differ. These will be explained separately below.

[0127] In some embodiments, the temples 302 and the frame 301 of the smart glasses 300 are connected by a pivot 304, which is located at the corner of the frame 301 and the temples 302, as shown in Figure 5A. In this case, when the smart glasses 300 is worn, the temples 302 are in an extended state, forming a first preset angle of approximately 90° with the plane of the frame 301. The two branches of the antenna radiator 100 are respectively arranged on the frame 301 and the temples 302, and they bend according to the extension angle of the temples 302 and the frame 301, thereby adapting to the opening and closing angles of the temples 302 and the frame 301. Based on this, this embodiment uses a flexible substrate material, such as FPC, to achieve better bending effect.

[0128] In one implementation of this embodiment, the two branches of the antenna radiator 100 are spaced at a preset distance from the rotating shaft 304, as shown in Figure 5A. For example, this preset distance can be any value between 2 and 3 mm, and the specific value can be set according to the actual assembly space of the smart glasses 300. This embodiment achieves this by setting the preset distance between the antenna radiator 100 and the rotating shaft 304, thus ensuring a certain clearance between the rotating shaft 304 and the antenna radiator, thereby reducing the impact of the metal material inside the rotating shaft 304 on the antenna radiator 100.

[0129] In this embodiment, the connection method of each component in the smart glasses 300 is shown in Figure 5B. As shown in Figure 5B, the antenna radiator 100 is connected to the second PCB circuit board (also called the sub-PCB circuit board) via a feed spring 305. The second PCB circuit board is provided with a first RF socket 306, which is a transmission interface for receiving RF signals. The first RF socket 306 is connected to a second RF socket 308 on the first PCB circuit board via a feed wire 307. When the smart glasses 300 is in operation, the RF signal generated by the antenna RF module is transmitted through the first PCB circuit board to the second RF socket 308, and then from the second RF socket 308 to the first RF socket 306 via the feed wire 307. The signal is then transmitted from the first RF socket 306 to the second PCB circuit board, and from the second PCB circuit board to the feed port 200 of the antenna radiator 100 via the feed spring 305. Finally, the signal is radiated out by the antenna radiator 100.

[0130] In this embodiment, the pivot 304 is positioned at the corner between the temple 302 and the frame 301, resulting in a shorter distance between the pivot 304 and the frame 301 and a smaller assembly space at this location. Therefore, by placing a second PCB circuit board at the location of the antenna radiator 100, the radio frequency signal transmitted from the first PCB circuit board can be transmitted to the antenna radiator 100 via the feed line 307 and the second PCB circuit board, thereby completing the transmission and radiation of the radio frequency signal.

[0131] Optionally, the second PCB circuit board provided in this embodiment can be set on the frame 301 near the corner of the temple 302 and the frame 301, or it can be set on the temple 302 near the corner of the temple 302 and the frame 301.

[0132] In other embodiments, the temples 302 and frame 301 of the smart glasses 300 are connected by a pivot 304, and the pivot 304 is disposed on the temples 302, as shown in Figure 6A. In this configuration, during the folding process of the smart glasses 300, only the temples 302 can bend along the pivot 304. In this case, if the distance from the pivot 304 to the connection point between the temples 302 and the frame 301 provides sufficient installation space for the antenna radiator 100, the antenna radiator 100 will not be affected by the bending of the temples 302 during the unfolding or folding of the smart glasses 300.

[0133] In this embodiment, under this structure, the part of the temple 302 from the pivot 304 to the connection between the frame 301 and the temple 302 is called the fixed part 3023, and the part of the temple 302 from the pivot 304 to the end of the temple 302 is called the movable part 3024. The second branch 102 of the antenna radiator 100 is disposed in the fixed part 3023, and the first branch 101 is disposed on the frame 301. When the temple 302 rotates relative to the frame 301 along the pivot 304, the relative positions of the first branch 101 and the second branch 102 do not change.

[0134] In this embodiment, the connection method of each component in the smart glasses 300 is shown in Figure 6B. As shown in Figure 6B, since the fixing part 3023 on the temple 302 has sufficient installation space, the first PCB circuit board can be placed in the fixing part 3023. The first PCB circuit board is connected to the feed port 200 of the antenna radiator 100 through the feed spring 305. In the working state, the radio frequency signal generated by the antenna radio frequency module passes through the first PCB circuit board and is transmitted to the feed port 200 of the antenna radiator 100 by the feed spring 305, and then transmitted from the feed port 200 to the antenna radiator 100, and finally radiated by the antenna radiator 100.

[0135] (3) Grounding port

[0136] A grounding port 400 is located at a second position on the antenna radiator 100. The distance from this second position to the corner between the first stub 101 and the second stub 102 is any value between 0 and 5 mm. That is, the second position where the grounding port 400 is located can be the corner between the first stub 101 and the second stub 102, as shown in Figure 7A(a). It can be understood that when the equivalent length λ1 of the first stub 101 is approximately equal to the equivalent length λ2 of the second stub 102, the grounding port 400 is located at the corner and in the center of the antenna radiator 100. Specific experimental data shows that this arrangement results in better antenna polarization. Alternatively, the grounding port 400 can also be located on either the first stub 101 or the second stub 102, as shown in Figure 7A(b). In this case, the second position is a certain distance λ4 from the corner position, which can be any value between 0 and 5 mm.

[0137] It can be seen that the antenna polarization effect is better when both the feed port 200 and the ground port 400 are located at the corner and center of the antenna radiator 100. However, the specific location settings need to be determined based on whether there is any conflict between the locations of the two ports and the actual assembly method with the PCB circuit board in the smart glasses 300.

[0138] It should be noted that the first position of the feed port 200 and the second position of the ground port 400 given in this embodiment are only exemplary explanations and descriptions of the positions of the feed port 200 and the ground port 400. In practical applications, any position in the antenna radiator 100 that can excite the current distribution phenomenon under the preset phase difference involved in the above embodiment can be used as the setting position of the feed port 200 and the ground port 400. This embodiment does not limit this.

[0139] In this embodiment, a grounding port 400 is set near the power supply port 200, and an L5 tuning component 401 is connected in parallel between the grounding port 400 and the first PCB circuit board, as shown in Figure 7B, which can be used to form a single resonance in the L5 frequency band.

[0140] The polarization principle of the antenna device provided in the embodiments of this application will be explained below.

[0141] According to the polarization theory of electromagnetic waves, the condition for the formation of circular polarization of electromagnetic waves is that the amplitudes of the electric field vector component Ex in the x-direction and Ey in the y-direction are equal, i.e., Ex = Ey, and the phase difference between the current distribution in the x-direction and the current in the y-direction is 90° or an odd multiple of 90°. Based on this, the condition for the formation of circularly polarized waves in an antenna device is that the propagation directions of the current signals in the two branches of the antenna radiator 100 are orthogonal to each other and have equal amplitudes. Orthogonality means that the propagation directions of the current signals in the first branch 101 and the second branch 102 are orthogonal in spatial position, and the phase difference between the currents in the first branch 101 and the second branch 102 is 90° or an odd multiple of 90°. As shown in Figure 3A, when the smart glasses 300 is worn, if the antenna device is located on the right side of the smart glasses 300, the antenna radiator 100 can form left-hand circular polarization during operation, as shown in Figure 8A; if the antenna device is located on the left side of the smart glasses 300, the antenna radiator 100 can form right-hand circular polarization during operation, as shown in Figure 8B.

[0142] Based on the above principle, in the actual use scenario of the smart glasses 300, the first branch 101 set in the frame 301 and the second branch 102 set in the temple 302 are perpendicular or substantially perpendicular in spatial position, and can be considered as being orthogonal to each other. When the equivalent length of the first branch 101 in the frame 301 is equal to or substantially equal to the equivalent length of the second branch 102 in the temple 302, the phase of the current on the first branch 101 is adjusted by the first lumped element 1011, and the phase of the current on the second branch 102 is adjusted by the second lumped element 1012. This results in the current in the antenna radiator 100 being concentrated in the first branch 101 at the first phase moment, and concentrated in the second branch 102 at the second phase moment, thereby forming the circularly polarized radiation of the antenna radiator 100.

[0143] In practical applications, as shown in Figure 9, a resonant frequency f slightly lower than L1 (1.575 GHz) is excited at the feed port 200 of the antenna radiator 100 through antenna matching circuit design. L11 And a resonant frequency f slightly higher than L1 (1.575GHz) L12 Assume the resonant frequency f L11 The input impedance at the resonant position is Z. L11 =R1+jX1, resonant frequency f L12 The input impedance at the resonant position is Z. L12=R2+jX2, then the phase difference between the two resonant points is Δφ=arctan(X1 / R1)-arctan(X2 / R2). By adjusting the first lumped device on the first branch 101 and the second lumped device on the second branch 102, f is controlled respectively. L11 and f L12 If the two resonant positions are such that there exists a resonant point f between them, then there exists a resonant point f. L1 The conditions of equal amplitude and orthogonality are met, thus realizing the double resonance of L1.

[0144] For example, referring to Figures 10A and 10B, which are schematic diagrams of the current distribution in the first branch 101 and the second branch 102 of the antenna radiator 100 at 0° and 90° phases, respectively, the density of the arrows in Figures 10A and 10B represents the magnitude of the current. Areas with dense arrows represent areas of strong current, with a higher proportion of current distribution; areas with sparse arrows represent areas of weak current, with a lower proportion of current distribution. As shown in Figures 10A and 10B, at 0° phase, the current distribution in the antenna radiator 100 is mainly concentrated on the first branch 101, i.e., on one side of the frame 301, where the current density in the first branch 101 is relatively high. At 90° phase, the current distribution in the antenna radiator 100 is mainly concentrated on the second branch 102, i.e., on one side of the temple 302, where the current density in the second branch 102 is relatively high.

[0145] It can be seen that at the 0° phase moment, the current in the antenna radiator 100 is mainly concentrated in the first stub 101, and at the 90° phase moment, the current in the antenna radiator 100 is mainly concentrated in the second stub 102. Thus, under the condition that the current in the first stub 101 and the second stub 102 have a 90° phase difference, the current distribution in the antenna radiator 100 is mainly concentrated on one stub, thereby forming better circular polarization radiation.

[0146] Because the L1 resonance current dominates at 0° and 90° phase in the temple 302 and frame 301 of the antenna radiator 100, respectively, and the two branches are perpendicular to each other, and the first lumped element 101 and the second lumped element 102 affect f L11 and f L12 By adjusting the resonant position, a 90° phase difference can be constructed at a certain frequency point in the middle of the two resonants. Studies have shown that the antenna device provided in this application embodiment can realize the L1 dual-resonance design, and the L1 efficiency is greater than -6dB in the head-mounted scenario.

[0147] It should be noted that if the current distribution in the first stub 101 and the second stub 102 of the antenna radiator 100 can also achieve the distribution shown in Figures 10A and 10B at 45° and 135° phases, then good circular polarization radiation can also be achieved. That is to say, as long as the current distribution in the first stub 101 and the second stub 102 can achieve the phenomenon shown in Figures 10A and 10B at two phase moments with a preset phase difference of 90°, it indicates that the antenna radiator 100 satisfies the conditions for circular polarization radiation.

[0148] Referring to Figure 11A, which shows the antenna pattern of the antenna device provided in this embodiment under theoretical operating conditions, as shown in Figure 11A, when the smart glasses 300 are in operation, the upper hemisphere of the antenna pattern is relatively high, and the main lobe of the antenna pattern faces a first direction, which is perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the plane containing the first stub 101 and the second stub 102. Referring to Figure 11B, which shows the right-hand circularly polarized antenna pattern when the antenna axis ratio of the antenna device is 2.16 in actual operating conditions, as shown in Figure 11B, the main lobe of the antenna pattern faces the first direction shown in the figure, which is substantially perpendicular to the plane containing the first stub 101 and the second stub 102. Therefore, when the antenna device is in operation, it is easier to align with stars and less affected by the posture of the human body. It can also achieve circular polarization while reducing the efficiency reduction of the antenna due to the human head in wearing scenarios.

[0149] The antenna device provided in this application embodiment adds a ground port 400 connected in parallel to ground near the feed port 200. The first PCB circuit board is also electrically connected to the antenna radiator 100 through the ground port 400 for transmitting electrical signals to the antenna radiator 100 via the ground port 400. In this embodiment, an L5 tuning component 401 is loaded between the ground port 400 and the first PCB circuit board to form an L5 resonance, thereby realizing the single resonance of the antenna radiator 100 in the L5 frequency band.

[0150] The principle of single resonance formation in the L5 band: When the equivalent length of the antenna radiator 100 matches the wavelength of the L5 band, and the grounding parameters of the grounding port 400 are adjusted by the L5 tuning component 401, the antenna radiator 100 forms a single resonant point in the L5 band. At this resonant frequency, the antenna radiator 100 can effectively radiate or receive signals in the L5 band.

[0151] Referring to Figure 12, which is a schematic diagram of the current distribution in the L5 band provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown in Figure 12, when the antenna device operates in the L5 band, the current in the antenna radiator 100 is basically uniformly distributed on the first stub 101 and the second stub 102, thereby forming a linear polarization radiation mode in the L5 band.

[0152] In summary, the antenna device provided in this application embodiment can cover the dual radiation of L1 dual resonance and L5 single resonance.

[0153] Furthermore, embodiments of this application can further extend the antenna bandwidth by adding coupling stubs to the antenna radiator 100 on the frame 301 or temple 302 of the smart glasses 300, so that the operating frequency band of the antenna device can cover GNSS, WiFi 5G, etc. For example, some coupling stubs (also called third stubs) can be added near the first stub 101 at the current position of the frame 301 to increase the bandwidth of the antenna device. The added coupling stubs may be located on the inner or outer surface of the frame 301, or at the bottom of the first stub 101. That is, the added coupling stubs are offset around the first stub 101 and have a certain coupling area with the electromagnetic field of the first stub 101. This coupling area increases the radiation of the antenna device. The antenna device can increase radiation through the coupling stubs, radiate signals through the coupling stubs, and receive signals from the outside through the coupling stubs.

[0154] This application also provides a smart glasses 300, which includes the antenna device shown in the above embodiments. Referring to FIG13, it is a structural schematic diagram of the smart glasses 300 provided in this application embodiment.

[0155] It should be understood that the processor mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0156] It should also be understood that the memory mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. The volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example, but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous linked dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DRRAM).

[0157] In the embodiments provided in this application, the division of each framework or module is only a logical functional division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple frameworks or modules may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed.

[0158] Furthermore, the functional modules in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing module, or each module can exist physically separately, or two or more modules can be integrated into one module. The integrated modules described above can be implemented in hardware or as software functional modules.

[0159] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0160] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" as described in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0161] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An antenna device, characterized in that, Applied to smart glasses, the smart glasses include a frame and temples connected to the frame, and the antenna device includes: The antenna radiator includes a first stub and a second stub, the first stub being disposed on the lens frame and the second stub being disposed on the lens temple; A feed port is used to couple power to the antenna radiator. When the antenna radiator is excited based on the feed port, the current direction of the first stub is perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the current direction of the second stub. At the first phase moment, the current in the antenna radiator is concentrated in the first stub, and at the second phase moment, the current in the antenna radiator is concentrated in the second stub. The first phase moment and the second phase moment have a preset phase difference.

2. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feed port is located at a first position on the antenna radiator, and the distance between the first position and the corner formed by the first stub and the second stub is any value between 0 and 5 mm.

3. The antenna device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The equivalent length of the first branch is equal to or substantially equal to the equivalent length of the second branch.

4. The antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The amplitude of the current signal on the first branch is equal to or substantially equal to the amplitude of the current signal on the second branch.

5. The antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The smart glasses include a first PCB circuit board, which is electrically connected to the antenna radiator through the feed port, and is used to transmit electrical signals to the antenna radiator through the feed port; The electrical connection can take the form of a feeder wire or a feeder spring.

6. The antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The preset phase difference includes n*90°±15°.

7. The antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The first branch is provided with a first lumped component for adjusting the phase of the current on the first branch, and the second branch is provided with a second lumped component for adjusting the phase of the current on the second branch, so that at the first phase time, the current in the antenna radiator is concentrated in the first branch, and at the second phase time, the current in the antenna radiator is concentrated in the second branch, and the antenna radiator operates in the first frequency band.

8. The antenna device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The smart glasses include a first PCB circuit board, and the antenna device further includes: The first PCB circuit board is connected to the grounding port through a tuning component. The tuning component is used to adjust the grounding parameters of the grounding port so that the antenna radiator operates in a second frequency band, which is different from the first frequency band.

9. The antenna device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The grounding port is located at a second position on the antenna radiator, and the distance between the second position and the corner formed by the first branch and the second branch is any value between 0 and 5 mm.

10. The antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The smart glasses include a first temple and a first frame connected to the first temple, a second temple and a second frame connected to the second temple; The antenna radiator is disposed at the connection between the first temple and the first frame; and / or The antenna radiator is located at the connection between the second temple and the second frame.

11. The antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The frame and the temples are connected by a pivot, allowing the temples to rotate relative to the frame. When the pivot is located at the corner formed by the frame and the temple, the first branch and the second branch rotate in coordination when the temple rotates relative to the frame along the pivot. When the pivot is located on the temple, the temple includes a fixed part near the frame and a movable part away from the frame. The second branch is located on the fixed part. When the temple rotates relative to the frame along the pivot, the relative positions of the first branch and the second branch remain unchanged.

12. The antenna device according to claim 11, wherein when the rotating shaft is located at the corner position formed by the lens frame and the temple, the first branch and the second branch are both made of flexible substrate material, and the first branch and the second branch have a preset distance from the rotating shaft.

13. The antenna device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The flexible substrate material includes any one of metal steel sheet, flexible printed circuit board, and printed circuit board.

14. The antenna device according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that, The smart glasses include a first PCB circuit board and a second PCB circuit board connected to the first PCB circuit board. An antenna radio frequency module is integrated on the first PCB circuit board. The second PCB circuit board is electrically connected to the antenna radiator through the feed port and is used to transmit radio frequency signals from the first PCB circuit board to the antenna radiator. The radio frequency signals are generated by the antenna radio frequency module.

15. The antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that, The antenna radiator further includes a third branch, which is disposed on the frame or the temple portion, and the electromagnetic field of the third branch overlaps with the electromagnetic field of the second branch or the first branch, so that the antenna radiator operates in the third frequency band.

16. A type of smart glasses, characterized in that, Includes the antenna device as described in any one of claims 1-15.

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