Network device

Abstract

The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of wireless communication and optical communication. Provided is a network device. The network device comprises a device body, a first group of antennas and a second group of antennas, wherein the first group of antennas comprises at least two antennas; the second group of antennas comprises at least two antennas; the first group of antennas and the second group of antennas are both arranged on the device body, and the first group of antennas and the second group of antennas are distributed front and rear in a first direction, the first direction being perpendicular to a panel of the device body; and the antenna polarization methods of the first group of antennas and the second group of antennas comprise a vertical polarization method and a horizontal polarization method. By means of the present disclosure, the negotiated rate between a user-side device and the network device can be improved.

Description

Network equipment

[0001] This disclosure claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202520165009.1, filed on January 24, 2025, entitled “Network Device”, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This disclosure relates to the fields of wireless and optical communication technologies, and in particular to a network device. Background Technology

[0003] With the development of communication technology, optical fiber transmission is increasingly being used in communication systems, among which fiber to the room (FTTR) is a crucial component of optical networks. An FTTR system consists of a main device and sub-devices, connected via optical fiber. The main device, acting as an optical network terminal (ONT) in a passive optical network (PON), is also known as an optical network unit (ONU). The main device connects to the optical line terminal (OLT) at the operator's central office via optical fiber.

[0004] However, the negotiation rate of the wireless local area network (WLAN) signal between the current master or slave device and the user-side device still needs to be improved. The negotiation rate is the actual data transmission rate that can be achieved between the master or slave device and the user-side device. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This disclosure provides a network device that can improve the negotiation rate of transmission between user-side devices and network devices.

[0006] This disclosure provides a network device, which includes a device body, a first set of antennas, and a second set of antennas;

[0007] The first group of antennas includes at least two antennas, the second group of antennas includes at least two antennas, both the first group of antennas and the second group of antennas are arranged on the device body, and the first group of antennas and the second group of antennas are distributed front and back in a first direction, the first direction being perpendicular to the panel of the device body;

[0008] The antenna polarization methods of the first group of antennas and the second group of antennas include vertical polarization and horizontal polarization.

[0009] In the scheme disclosed herein, the network device includes a first set of antennas and a second set of antennas. These two sets of antennas are arranged along the front-rear direction of the device body. Compared to the two sets of antennas being arranged in a straight line on the panel of the device body, this avoids the situation where there is only one spatial flow for data transmission between the network device and the user-side device on the left or right side of the network device, resulting in a low negotiation rate. Furthermore, the antenna polarization of the first and second sets of antennas includes both vertical and horizontal polarization. Compared to all antennas being vertically polarized, this alleviates the problem of low negotiation rates between the network device and the user-side device due to polarization mismatch. Consequently, the network device provided in this embodiment can achieve a good negotiation rate with the user-side device.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the center-to-center distance between any two antennas in the first group of antennas, the center-to-center distance between any two antennas in the second group of antennas, and the center-to-center distance between any one antenna in the first group of antennas and any one antenna in the second group of antennas are all greater than or equal to 80 mm.

[0011] Specifically, the center-to-center distance between two antennas refers to the distance between the central axis of one antenna and the central axis of the other antenna.

[0012] In the scheme disclosed herein, simulation test results show that when the center distance between any two antennas is greater than or equal to 80 mm, the interference between the two antennas is weak and the isolation between the two antennas is good, which is conducive to improving the communication quality between user-side equipment and network equipment, thereby improving the transmission rate between user-side equipment and network equipment.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the first group of antennas includes a first antenna and a second antenna, and the second group of antennas includes a third antenna and a fourth antenna.

[0014] The center-to-center distance between the first antenna and the second antenna is greater than or equal to 80 mm and less than or equal to 150 mm, or the center-to-center distance between the third antenna and the fourth antenna is greater than or equal to 80 mm and less than or equal to 150 mm.

[0015] In the scheme disclosed herein, the two antennas satisfy a center-to-center distance greater than or equal to 80 mm and less than or equal to 150 mm, which can reduce the channel condition number between the user-side equipment and the network equipment. The lower the channel condition number, the smaller the signal-to-noise ratio between the user-side equipment and the network equipment, and the better the communication quality. The signal transmitted between the user-side equipment and the network equipment can use the highest level of modulation, namely 4096QAM modulation, which is beneficial to improving the negotiation rate between the user-side equipment and the network equipment.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the two antennas with a center-to-center distance greater than or equal to 80 mm and less than or equal to 150 mm are connected to different radio frequency links, wherein the radio frequency link connected to the antenna is the link connected to the antenna and used to feed power to the antenna.

[0017] In the scheme disclosed herein, two antennas that can operate simultaneously can reduce the number of channel conditions between user-side equipment and network equipment when the center-to-center distance is greater than or equal to 80 mm and less than or equal to 150 mm.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the first group of antennas includes a first antenna and a second antenna, and the second group of antennas includes a third antenna and a fourth antenna.

[0019] The lines connecting the locations of the first antenna, the second antenna, the third antenna, and the fourth antenna form an isosceles trapezoid.

[0020] In the scheme shown in this disclosure, the line connecting the locations of the first antenna, the second antenna, the third antenna, and the fourth antenna forms an isosceles trapezoid. Therefore, the four antennas are staggered from each other in the left and right directions, which helps to improve the isolation between the antennas, reduce interference, and make the antenna pattern of the network device more circular. With a more circular antenna pattern, the communication quality is better in all 360 degrees centered on the network device.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the first antenna and the second antenna are both located on the panel of the device body, and the third antenna and the fourth antenna are both located on the side of the device body opposite to the panel.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the first antenna and the second antenna are both located on the panel of the device body, and the third antenna and the fourth antenna are located on both sides of the device body.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the first group of antennas includes a first antenna and a second antenna, and the second group of antennas includes a third antenna and a fourth antenna.

[0024] The first antenna, the second antenna, the third antenna, and the fourth antenna are all dual-band antennas, each including a first-band antenna and a second-band antenna.

[0025] In the scheme shown in this disclosure, the first frequency band antenna can be a 2.4G antenna and the second frequency band antenna can be a 5G antenna, so that the network device has both good wall penetration capability and high transmission rate.

[0026] In one possible implementation, the antenna polarization of the first frequency band antenna and the second frequency band antenna of the first antenna is both horizontal polarization, and the antenna polarization of the first frequency band antenna and the second frequency band antenna of the second antenna is both vertical polarization.

[0027] The first and second frequency band antennas of the third antenna are both vertically polarized, while the first and second frequency band antennas of the fourth antenna are both horizontally polarized.

[0028] In the scheme shown in this disclosure, the polarization of the first antenna and the second antenna in the same operating frequency band is different. Therefore, when the first antenna and the second antenna are working simultaneously in the same operating frequency band, the situation of a single spatial flow on the left or right side of the network device can be avoided, thereby improving the transmission rate between the user-side device and the network device.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the antenna polarization of the first frequency band antenna of the first antenna is horizontal, and the antenna polarization of the second frequency band antenna of the first antenna is vertical; the antenna polarization of both the first and second frequency band antennas of the second antenna is vertical; the antenna polarization of both the first and second frequency band antennas of the third antenna is vertical; and the antenna polarization of both the first and second frequency band antennas of the fourth antenna is horizontal.

[0030] In the scheme shown in this disclosure, the 5G antenna of the first antenna is horizontally polarized, while the 5G antennas of the second, third and fourth antennas are all vertically polarized, which is beneficial to meeting the wide coverage requirements of 5G signals of network equipment.

[0031] In one possible implementation, the antenna polarization of the first frequency band antenna and the second frequency band antenna of the first antenna is both horizontally polarized, the antenna polarization of the first frequency band antenna of the second antenna is horizontally polarized, and the antenna polarization of the second frequency band antenna of the second antenna is vertically polarized.

[0032] The first and second frequency band antennas of the third antenna are both vertically polarized, and the first and second frequency band antennas of the fourth antenna are both vertically polarized.

[0033] In the scheme shown in this disclosure, the 5G antenna of the first antenna is horizontally polarized, while the 5G antennas of the second, third and fourth antennas are all vertically polarized, which is beneficial to meeting the wide coverage requirements of 5G signals of network equipment.

[0034] In one possible implementation, the radio frequency link of the first frequency band antenna connected to the first antenna is the same as the radio frequency link of the first frequency band antenna connected to the third antenna, and the radio frequency link of the second frequency band antenna connected to the first antenna is the same as the radio frequency link of the second frequency band antenna connected to the third antenna.

[0035] The RF link of the first frequency band antenna connected to the second antenna is the same as the RF link of the first frequency band antenna connected to the fourth antenna, and the RF link of the second frequency band antenna connected to the second antenna is the same as the RF link of the second frequency band antenna connected to the fourth antenna.

[0036] A switching switch is arranged on the radio frequency link connected to the two antennas. The switching switch is used to switch the power supply between the two antennas. For example, a switching switch is arranged on the radio frequency link connecting the first antenna to the first frequency band antenna and the radio frequency link connecting the third antenna to the first frequency band antenna.

[0037] In the scheme disclosed herein, one of the first frequency band antennas of the first antenna and the first frequency band antenna of the third antenna is a main antenna and the other is a diversity antenna. That is, the first frequency band antennas of the first antenna and the first frequency band antenna of the third antenna are fed by the same RF link, but a switching switch on the RF link controls whether power is supplied to the first frequency band antenna of the first antenna or the first frequency band antenna of the third antenna. Similarly, one of the second frequency band antennas of the first antenna and the second frequency band antenna of the third antenna is a main antenna and the other is a diversity antenna. Similarly, one of the first frequency band antennas of the second antenna and the first frequency band antenna of the fourth antenna is a main antenna and the other is a diversity antenna. Thus, the network device is a 2×2 MIMO network device in both the first and second frequency bands.

[0038] In one possible implementation, the radio frequency link connected to the first frequency band antenna of the first antenna is the same as the radio frequency link connected to the first frequency band antenna of the third antenna, and the radio frequency link connected to the first frequency band antenna of the second antenna is the same as the radio frequency link connected to the first frequency band antenna of the fourth antenna.

[0039] The radio frequency link connected to the second frequency band antenna of the fourth antenna is the same as that connected to the second frequency band antenna of the first antenna; the radio frequency link connected to the second frequency band antenna of the fourth antenna, the radio frequency link connected to the second radio frequency antenna of the third antenna, and the radio frequency link connected to the second radio frequency antenna of the second antenna are different; or, the radio frequency link connected to the second frequency band antenna of the fourth antenna is the same as that connected to the second frequency band antenna of the second antenna; the radio frequency link connected to the second frequency band antenna of the fourth antenna, the radio frequency link connected to the second radio frequency antenna of the third antenna, and the radio frequency link connected to the second radio frequency antenna of the first antenna are different.

[0040] A switching switch is arranged on the radio frequency link connected to the two antennas, and the switching switch is used to switch the power supply between the two antennas.

[0041] In the scheme shown in this disclosure, the network device is a 3×3 MIMO network device in the second frequency band, which is beneficial to realize that when communicating with a 2×2 MIMO user-side device, the spatial flow between the user-side device and the network device can be two at any position of the user-side device in a 360-degree direction centered on the network device.

[0042] In one possible implementation, the radio frequency link of the first frequency band antenna connected to the first antenna is the same as the radio frequency link of the first frequency band antenna connected to the third antenna, and the radio frequency link of the first frequency band antenna connected to the second antenna is the same as the radio frequency link of the first frequency band antenna connected to the fourth antenna.

[0043] The RF link of the second frequency band antenna connected to the first antenna is the same as the RF link of the second frequency band antenna connected to the third antenna. The RF links of the second frequency band antenna connected to the first antenna, the second RF antenna connected to the second antenna, and the second RF antenna connected to the fourth antenna are different. Alternatively, the RF links of the second frequency band antenna connected to the first antenna and the second frequency band antenna connected to the fourth antenna are the same, while the RF links of the second frequency band antenna connected to the first antenna, the second RF antenna connected to the second antenna, and the second RF antenna connected to the third antenna are different.

[0044] In the scheme disclosed herein, one of the first frequency band antennas of the first antenna and the first frequency band antenna of the third antenna is a main antenna and the other is a diversity antenna. Similarly, one of the first frequency band antennas of the second antenna and the first frequency band antenna of the fourth antenna is a main antenna and the other is a diversity antenna. Therefore, the network device is a 2×2 MIMO network device in the first frequency band. If one of the second frequency band antennas of the first antenna, the second frequency band antenna of the second antenna, the second frequency band antenna of the third antenna, and the second frequency band antenna of the fourth antenna is a diversity antenna, and the remaining three are main antennas, then the network device is a 3×3 MIMO network device in the second frequency band.

[0045] The network device is a 3×3 MIMO network device in the second frequency band, which is beneficial to realize that when communicating with a 2×2 MIMO user-side device, the spatial flow between the user-side device and the network device can be two at any position of the user-side device in a 360-degree direction centered on the network device.

[0046] In one possible implementation, the network device is an optical network terminal, for example, a master device in an FTTR network, or an ONT in an FTTH / O network. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture for fiber to the home or fiber to the office provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure;

[0048] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a fiber-to-the-room system architecture provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure;

[0049] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a network device provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure;

[0050] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a network device provided in another exemplary embodiment of this disclosure;

[0051] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a network device provided in another exemplary embodiment of this disclosure;

[0052] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a network device provided in another exemplary embodiment of this disclosure;

[0053] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a network device provided in another exemplary embodiment of this disclosure;

[0054] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a network device provided in another exemplary embodiment of this disclosure;

[0055] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the isolation simulation results provided by an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure.

[0056] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Device body; 11. Panel; 12. Front side; 21. First antenna; 22. Second antenna; 23. Third antenna; 24. Fourth antenna. Detailed Implementation

[0057] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this disclosure clearer, the embodiments of this disclosure will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0058] This embodiment relates to a network device, specifically a network device with an external antenna, such as a router or ONT deployed on the user side. This embodiment does not limit the specific type of network device; for ease of introduction, the following example uses an ONT as the network device.

[0059] Figure 1 illustrates the system architecture of Fiber to the Home / Office (FTTH / O). Referring to Figure 1, upstream network-side equipment (such as switches and routers) connects to downstream ONTs via an optical distribution network (ODN). The ODN includes passive optical splitters for optical power distribution, a backbone fiber connecting the passive optical splitters and optical line terminals (OLTs), and branch fibers connecting the passive optical splitters and ONTs. When transmitting downlink signals, the downlink signals sent by the OLT are transmitted to each ONT through the passive optical splitter. The ONTs selectively receive downlink data belonging to themselves from the downlink signals. When transmitting uplink signals, the uplink signals sent by N ONTs are combined into a single optical signal by the passive optical splitter and transmitted to the OLT.

[0060] Building upon FTTH / O, to address signal coverage issues (such as wireless LAN (WLAN) signals) in home or office networks, fiber optic cables can be extended further into the room. Optical terminal equipment providing WLAN signals is installed inside the room, thus reducing the distance between the user terminal and the wireless access point (AP) and improving signal quality. This technology is called Fiber to the Room (FTTR).

[0061] Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of the FTTR system architecture. Referring to Figure 2, the OLT in FTTH / O is deployed in the central equipment room, while the ONT is deployed in homes or offices. The master device in the FTTR network acts as both the ONT in the FTTH network and the upstream device for the FTTR slave devices, managing them. The slave devices in FTTR can be deployed in various rooms of a home or office to provide signal to user-side devices. These user-side devices include wired and wireless terminals or terminal adapters as shown in Figure 2. User-side devices can be, for example, mobile phones, tablets, and laptops, and can communicate wirelessly with the master or slave devices. In Figure 2, the UNI interface represents the user network interface, responsible for the connection between user-side devices and the network. The slave devices possess the functions of an ONT and can also function as wireless access points (APs).

[0062] Multiple slave devices can be deployed in an FTTR system, each connected to the master device via an optical splitter. The master device can centrally manage and configure all slave devices. The master device can also be called a "master gateway," "master optical modem," or "master FTTR unit (MFU)," while slave devices can be called "slave gateways," "slave optical modems," or "slave FTTR units (SFU)," etc.

[0063] Current network devices, such as the ONT in the FTTH / O network or the ONT (master or slave device) in the FTTR network, suffer from low negotiation rates between the network device and the user-side device due to the polarization or layout of the external antenna. The negotiation rate is the actual data transmission rate that can be achieved between the network device and the user-side device.

[0064] For example, in order to achieve wide coverage of wireless signals, the external antennas of network devices are mostly vertically polarized, but the antennas of user-side devices may be horizontally polarized. Inconsistent polarization will affect the negotiation rate between network devices and user-side devices.

[0065] For example, a network device has a row of external antennas on its front panel. Multiple input multiple output (MIMO) technology is used to increase the spatial flow and improve the negotiation rate. However, in the left and right spatial spaces of the network device, the network device and the user-side device can only negotiate one spatial flow. Therefore, the negotiation rate is still not high in the left and right spatial spaces of the network device.

[0066] For example, if two pairs of antennas are arranged along the front and back of a network device, poor spacing between the two antennas in a pair can affect the negotiation rate. If the spacing is too small, the isolation between the two antennas will be poor, resulting in strong interference and a low negotiation rate. If the spacing is too large, the channel condition number between the network device and the user-side device will be large (e.g., greater than 7dB), also resulting in a low negotiation rate.

[0067] In this embodiment, the antenna polarization of the multiple external antennas of the network device includes vertical polarization and horizontal polarization to improve the negotiation rate. In addition, the negotiation rate is improved by controlling the center spacing between two antennas in the layout of the multiple external antennas of the network device in this embodiment.

[0068] The characteristics of network devices will be described below.

[0069] Figures 3 to 5 show schematic diagrams of the network device. Referring to Figure 3, the network device includes a device body 1, a first set of antennas, and a second set of antennas. Both the first set of antennas and the second set of antennas are arranged on the device body, and the first set of antennas and the second set of antennas are distributed front to back in a first direction. Referring to Figures 3 to 5, the first direction is perpendicular to the panel 11 of the device body 1. The first direction is also the front to back direction of the device body 1. The first direction is also parallel to the y-axis in a three-dimensional coordinate system with the width direction of the device body 1 as the x-axis, the thickness direction as the z-axis, and the front to back direction as the y-axis.

[0070] Among them, the panel 11 of the device body 1 is the side of the device body 1 with the network port. Usually, the network device is placed on the desktop with its panel 11 facing the wall and its back to the user. Therefore, the panel 11 of the device body 1 is sometimes also called the rear side (or rear panel) of the device body 1. The front side 12 (also called the front panel) of the device body 1 is directly opposite the panel 11 of the device body 1 in the front-back direction of the device body 1.

[0071] In one example, the first and second sets of antennas are arranged one after the other on the device body 1 in the first direction. Compared to the two sets of antennas being arranged in a straight line on the panel 11 of the device body 1, this avoids the situation where the user-side device is on the left or right side of the network device, and there is only one spatial flow between the network device and the user-side device to transmit data.

[0072] In one example, the first group of antennas includes at least two antennas, the second group of antennas includes at least two antennas, the at least two antennas of the first group of antennas and the at least two antennas of the second group of antennas, the antenna polarization of these antennas includes vertical polarization and horizontal polarization, compared to all antennas having vertical polarization, can alleviate the situation of low negotiation rate between network equipment and user-side equipment due to polarization mismatch.

[0073] The aforementioned vertical polarization means that the direction of the electric field in the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna is perpendicular to the ground, while the horizontal polarization means that the direction of the electric field in the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna is parallel to the ground.

[0074] As described above, the first set of antennas and the second set of antennas are arranged one in front of the other on the device body 1 in the first direction. For example, referring to FIG3, the first set of antennas is arranged on the panel 11 of the device body 1, and the second set of antennas is arranged on the side of the device body 1 that is opposite to the panel 11 (i.e., the front side 12 or front panel mentioned above).

[0075] In the schemes shown in Figures 3 and 4, the first group of antennas may include two antennas. If the device body 1 is wide enough, the first group of antennas may also include more antennas, such as three or four antennas. Similarly, the second group of antennas may include two antennas. If the device body 1 is wide enough, the second group of antennas may also include more antennas, such as three or four antennas.

[0076] For example, referring to Figure 5, the first group of antennas is arranged on the panel 11 of the device body 1, and the second group of antennas may include two antennas, respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the device body 1. For example, one antenna is arranged on the left side of the device body 1 and one antenna is arranged on the right side of the device body 1. In the scheme shown in Figure 5, the first group of antennas may include two or more antennas, and the second group of antennas includes two antennas.

[0077] The following example uses two antennas in the first group and two antennas in the second group. For easy distinction, the two antennas in the first group are referred to as antenna 21 and antenna 22, respectively, and the two antennas in the second group are referred to as antenna 23 and antenna 24, respectively.

[0078] Referring to Figures 3 and 4, the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 are arranged symmetrically on the panel 11 of the device body 1 about the center line of the device body 1. The center line of the device body 1 is parallel to the center line of the first direction. Unless otherwise specified, the center line of the device body 1 refers to the center line parallel to the first direction. The third antenna 23 and the fourth antenna 24 are arranged symmetrically on the front side 12 of the device body 1 about the center line of the device body 1.

[0079] Referring to Figure 5, the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 are arranged on the panel 11 of the device body 1, symmetrically arranged about the center line of the device body 1. The third antenna 23 and the fourth antenna 24 are located on both sides of the device body 1, also symmetrically distributed about the center line of the device body 1.

[0080] Referring to Figures 3 to 5, whether the third antenna 23 and the fourth antenna 24 are arranged on the front side 12 of the device body 1 or on both sides of the device body 1, the line connecting the positions of the first antenna 21, the second antenna 22, the third antenna 23, and the fourth antenna 24 forms an isosceles trapezoid.

[0081] The locations of the first antenna 21, the second antenna 22, the third antenna 23, and the fourth antenna 24 refer to their positions when deployed. In the deployed state, as shown in Figure 3, the line connecting the antennas is vertical or nearly vertical. In some examples, these antennas can also be retracted and attached to the upper surface of the device body 1.

[0082] This isosceles trapezoidal arrangement helps reduce interference between the front and rear antennas and increases their isolation. For example, the first antenna 21 and the third antenna 23 are offset from each other in the left and right directions, which can avoid interference between these two antennas and improve isolation. Similarly, the second antenna 22 and the fourth antenna 24 are offset from each other in the left and right directions, which can avoid interference between these two antennas and improve isolation.

[0083] In Figure 3, the line connecting the locations of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 is longer than the line connecting the locations of the third antenna 23 and the fourth antenna 24. In Figure 4, the line connecting the locations of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 is shorter than the line connecting the locations of the third antenna 23 and the fourth antenna 24.

[0084] Since the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 are arranged on the panel 11 of the device body 1, and the panel 11 has multiple connection ports, as shown in Figure 3, the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 are close to the left and right ends of the panel 11 respectively, which is more conducive to the arrangement of the connection ports between the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22.

[0085] In one example, simulation tests showed that when the center-to-center distance between any two antennas was greater than or equal to 80 mm, the isolation between the two antennas was greater than 15 dB, indicating good isolation between the two antennas. The simulation test results will be described later.

[0086] Therefore, in order to further reduce interference and improve isolation, the center-to-center distance between any two antennas in the first group, the center-to-center distance between any two antennas in the second group, and the center-to-center distance between any one antenna in the first group and any one antenna in the second group are all greater than or equal to 80 mm.

[0087] For example, referring to Figures 3 to 5, the center-to-center distance D3 between the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 is greater than or equal to 80 mm, the center-to-center distance D2 between the first antenna 21 and the third antenna 23 is greater than or equal to 80 mm, the center-to-center distance between the first antenna 21 and the fourth antenna 24 is greater than or equal to 80 mm, the center-to-center distance between the second antenna 22 and the third antenna 23 is greater than or equal to 80 mm, the center-to-center distance between the second antenna 22 and the fourth antenna 24 is greater than or equal to 80 mm, and the center-to-center distance D1 between the third antenna 23 and the fourth antenna 24 is greater than or equal to 80 mm.

[0088] In one example, the center-to-center distance D3 between the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 is greater than or equal to 80 mm and less than or equal to 150 mm, or the center-to-center distance D1 between the third antenna 23 and the fourth antenna 24 is greater than or equal to 80 mm and less than or equal to 150 mm. Simulation tests show that this helps reduce the number of channel conditions between network equipment and user-side equipment. The simulation test conditions and results will be described later.

[0089] For example, referring to Figure 3, the center-to-center distance between the third antenna 23 and the fourth antenna 24 is greater than or equal to 80 mm and less than or equal to 150 mm, and the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 are located at the left and right ends of the panel 11. As another example, referring to Figure 4, the center-to-center distance between the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 is greater than or equal to 80 mm and less than or equal to 150 mm, and the third antenna 23 and the fourth antenna 24 are located at the left and right ends of the front side 12 of the device body 1. As yet another example, referring to Figure 5, the center-to-center distance between the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 is greater than or equal to 80 mm and less than or equal to 150 mm, and the third antenna 23 and the fourth antenna 24 are arranged on the left and right sides of the device body 1.

[0090] The channel condition number (CMF) is a measure of the transmission characteristics of a channel, used to evaluate the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and bit error rate (BER) during signal transmission. The CMF is related to the channel quality and the reliability of signal transmission. A higher CMF generally indicates poorer signal transmission quality and a higher BER.

[0091] In one example, each antenna of the network device can be a dual-band antenna, capable of operating on two different frequency bands. For instance, any antenna in the first group and any antenna in the second group can be a dual-band antenna, each including a first-band antenna and a second-band antenna, wherein the first-band antenna can be a 2.4G antenna and the second-band antenna can be a 5G antenna.

[0092] So, the first antenna 21 includes a 2.4G antenna and a 5G antenna, the second antenna 22 includes a 2.4G antenna and a 5G antenna, the third antenna 23 includes a 2.4G antenna and a 5G antenna, and the fourth antenna 24 includes a 2.4G antenna and a 5G antenna.

[0093] In one example, referring to Figures 3 and 4, the RF link connecting the first antenna 21 and the RF link connecting the third antenna 23 can be the same. It can also be understood that the first antenna 21 and the third antenna 23 are connected to the same RF circuit. The RF link has a switching switch, which is used to feed power to the first antenna 21 to make the first antenna 21 work or to feed power to the third antenna 23 to make the third antenna 23 work.

[0094] For example, referring to Figure 6, the 2.4G antenna of the first antenna 21 is a 2.4G diversity antenna, and the 2.4G antenna of the third antenna 23 is a 2.4G main antenna. The 2.4G antennas of the first antenna 21 and the third antenna 23 are connected to the same RF link. A switch on the RF link allows switching between feeding power to the 2.4G antenna of the first antenna 21 or the 2.4G antenna of the third antenna 23 to enable its operation.

[0095] Referring to Figure 6, the 5G antenna of the first antenna 21 is a 5G diversity antenna, and the 5G antenna of the third antenna 23 is a 5G main antenna. Therefore, the 5G antennas of the first antenna 21 and the 5G antenna of the third antenna 23 share a single RF link for power supply. A switching switch on the RF link allows switching between powering the 5G antenna of the first antenna 21 or the 5G antenna of the third antenna 23 for operation.

[0096] Similarly, referring to Figure 6, the 2.4G antenna of the second antenna 22 is a 2.4G main antenna, and the 2.4G antenna of the fourth antenna 24 is a 2.4G diversity antenna. The 2.4G antennas of the second antenna 22 and the fourth antenna 24 share a common RF link for power supply. A switching switch on the RF link switches between powering the 2.4G antenna of the second antenna 22 and the 2.4G antenna of the fourth antenna 24.

[0097] Referring to Figure 6, the 5G antenna of the second antenna 22 is a 5G main antenna, and the 5G antenna of the fourth antenna 24 is a 5G diversity antenna. The 5G antennas of the second antenna 22 and the fourth antenna 24 share a common RF link for power supply. A switching switch on the RF link switches between powering the second antenna 22 and the fourth antenna 24 to enable its operation.

[0098] In another example, the first antenna 21 and the fourth antenna 24 may share a single RF link for power supply, as may the second antenna 22 and the third antenna 23. For instance, one of the 2.4G antennas in the first antenna 21 and the fourth antenna 24 may be a 2.4G main antenna and the other a 2.4G diversity antenna; similarly, one of the 5G antennas in the first antenna 21 and the fourth antenna 24 may be a 5G main antenna and the other a 5G diversity antenna.

[0099] This embodiment does not limit which two antennas share a single RF link for power supply, as long as the following relationships are met: the RF links connecting the 2.4G antenna to the first antenna 21 and the RF links connecting the 2.4G antenna to the second antenna 22 are independent of each other; the RF links connecting the 5G antenna to the first antenna 21 and the RF links connecting the 5G antenna to the second antenna 22 are independent of each other; the RF links connecting the 2.4G antenna to the third antenna 23 and the RF links connecting the 2.4G antenna to the fourth antenna 24 are independent of each other; the RF links connecting the 5G antenna to the third antenna 23 and the RF links connecting the 5G antenna to the fourth antenna 24 are independent of each other.

[0100] Alternatively, the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 can be fed using the same RF link. For example, the first antenna 21 could include a 2.4G main antenna and a 5G main antenna, and the second antenna 22 could include a 2.4G diversity antenna and a 5G diversity antenna. The third antenna 23 and the fourth antenna 24 could be fed using the same RF link. For example, the third antenna 23 could include a 2.4G main antenna and a 5G main antenna, and the fourth antenna 24 could include a 2.4G diversity antenna and a 5G diversity antenna.

[0101] However, considering that the signal between the network device and the user-side device is stronger when the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 are working simultaneously, or when the third antenna 23 and the fourth antenna 24 are working simultaneously, the RF link connecting the first antenna 21 and the RF link connecting the second antenna 22 are different, and the RF link connecting the third antenna 23 and the RF antenna connecting the fourth antenna 24 are different.

[0102] Since the first antenna 21 and the third antenna 23 share a common RF link for power supply, and the second antenna 22 and the fourth antenna 24 share a common RF link for power supply, the network devices shown in Figures 3 and 4 can be two-input two-output network devices, that is, the network devices belong to 2×2 MIMO network devices.

[0103] In another example, the network device shown in Figure 3 can be a two-input two-output device in the 2.4G operating frequency band and a three-input three-output device in the 5G operating frequency band.

[0104] As shown in Figure 7, the power supply link configuration from the first antenna 21 to the fourth antenna 24 is the same as in Figure 6 above when the network device operates in the 2.4 GHz frequency band, and will not be repeated here. When the network device operates in the 5 GHz frequency band, the 5G antenna of the fourth antenna 24 is a 5G diversity antenna, while the 5G antennas of the first antenna 21, the second antenna 22, and the third antenna 23 are all 5G main antennas. Therefore, the 5G diversity antenna of the fourth antenna 24 can be connected to the same RF link for power supply as the 5G main antenna of the first antenna 21, using the same RF link for power supply, and switching the power supply direction via a switch on the RF link. The 5G diversity antenna of the fourth antenna 24 can also be connected to the same RF link for power supply as the 5G main antenna of the second antenna 22, using the same RF link for power supply, and switching the power supply direction via a switch on the RF link.

[0105] In other examples, as shown in Figure 7, the 5G antenna of the first antenna 21 can be a 5G diversity antenna, while the 5G antennas of the remaining antennas can be main antennas. Alternatively, the 5G antenna of the second antenna 22 can be a 5G diversity antenna, while the 5G antennas of the remaining antennas can be main antennas. Or, the 5G antenna of the third antenna 23 can be a 5G diversity antenna, while the 5G antennas of the remaining antennas can be main antennas.

[0106] In one example, the network device shown in Figure 5 can operate with a 2-input, 2-output power supply in the 2.4 GHz band and a 3-input, 3-output power supply in the 5 GHz band. The 2-input, 2-output power supply scheme in the 2.4 GHz band can be referenced as described above. For example, referring to Figure 8, the RF link connecting the 2.4 GHz antenna of the first antenna 21 and the RF link connecting the 2.4 GHz antenna of the third antenna 23 can be the same, and a switching switch for switching the power supply can be arranged on the RF link. For example, referring to Figure 8, the 2.4 GHz antenna of the first antenna 21 is a 2.4 GHz diversity antenna, and the 2.4 GHz antenna of the third antenna 23 is a 2.4 GHz main antenna. The RF link connecting the 2.4G antenna of the second antenna 22 and the RF link connecting the 2.4G antenna of the fourth antenna 24 can be the same, and a switching switch for switching the feed is arranged on the RF link. For example, referring to Figure 8, the 2.4G antenna of the second antenna 22 is a 2.4G diversity antenna, and the 2.4G antenna of the fourth antenna 24 is a 2.4G main antenna.

[0107] The RF link connecting the 5G antenna to the first antenna 21 and the RF link connecting the 5G antenna to the third antenna 23 are the same, and a switching switch is arranged on the RF link. The RF links connecting the 5G antenna to the first antenna 21, the RF links connecting the 5G antenna to the second antenna 22, and the RF links connecting the 5G antenna to the fourth antenna 24 are different. Alternatively, the RF links connecting the 5G antenna to the first antenna 21 and the RF links connecting the 5G antenna to the fourth antenna 24 are the same, and a switching switch is arranged on the RF link. The RF links connecting the 5G antenna to the first antenna 21, the RF links connecting the 5G antenna to the second antenna 22, and the RF links connecting the 5G antenna to the third antenna 23 are different.

[0108] Alternatively, referring to Figure 8, the 5G antenna of the first antenna 21 is a 5G diversity antenna, while the 5G antennas of the second antenna 22, the third antenna 23, and the fourth antenna 24 are all 5G main antennas. Therefore, the 5G diversity antenna of the first antenna 21 can share a RF link for power supply with the 5G main antenna of the third antenna 23, or it can share a RF link for power supply with the 5G main antenna of the fourth antenna 24.

[0109] In other examples, the 5G antenna of the second antenna 22 can be a 5G diversity antenna, while the 5G antennas of the first antenna 21, the third antenna 23, and the fourth antenna are all main antennas. Alternatively, the 5G antenna of the third antenna 23 can be a 5G diversity antenna, while the 5G antennas of the first antenna 21, the second antenna 22, and the fourth antenna 24 are all 5G main antennas. Or, the 5G antenna of the fourth antenna 24 can be a 5G diversity antenna, while the 5G antennas of the first antenna 21, the second antenna 22, and the third antenna 23 are all 5G main antennas. In other words, among the 5G antennas of the first antenna 21, the second antenna 22, the third antenna 23, and the fourth antenna 24, one 5G antenna can be a 5G diversity antenna, and the remaining 5G antennas can be 5G main antennas. For ease of explanation, the following text will use the 5G antenna of the first antenna 21 as an example of a 5G diversity antenna.

[0110] It should be noted that the 5G diversity antenna of the first antenna 21 can also share a radio frequency link for power supply with the 5G main antenna of the second antenna 22. However, when the 5G diversity antenna of the first antenna 21 and the 5G main antenna of the second antenna 22 share a radio frequency link for power supply, the 5G diversity antenna of the first antenna 21 and the 5G main antenna of the second antenna 22 cannot work at the same time. If they cannot work at the same time, they cannot achieve better signal strength.

[0111] In one example, the network device operates in a 3x3 frequency band, which helps ensure that the spatial flow between the user-side device and the network device can be two at any position in a 360-degree direction centered on the network device (provided that the user-side device is a 2×2 MIMO device).

[0112] For example, referring to Figure 8, in the 5G operating frequency band, when the 5G antenna of the first antenna 21 and the 5G antenna of the third antenna 23 share a single RF link for power supply:

[0113] (1) When the user-side device, the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 are located on the same line, the network device can control the 5G antenna in the first antenna 21 and the fourth antenna 24 to work, or control the 5G antenna in the second antenna 22 and the third antenna 23 to work, or control the 5G antenna in the third antenna 23 and the fourth antenna 24 to work, or control the 5G antenna in the second antenna 22 and the fourth antenna 24 to work, so as to avoid the 5G antennas of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 working at the same time. This will prevent the spatial flow between the user-side device and the network device from being the same when the user-side device, the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 are located on the same line.

[0114] (2) When the user-side device, the first antenna 21 and the fourth antenna 24 are located on the same line, the network device can control the 5G antenna in the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 to work, or control the 5G antenna in the second antenna 22 and the third antenna 23 to work, or control the 5G antenna in the third antenna 23 and the fourth antenna 24 to work, or control the 5G antenna in the second antenna 22 and the fourth antenna 24 to work, so as to avoid the 5G antennas of the first antenna 21 and the fourth antenna 24 working at the same time. This will prevent the spatial flow between the user-side device and the network device from being the same when the user-side device, the first antenna 21 and the fourth antenna 24 are located on the same line.

[0115] (3) When the user-side device, the second antenna 22 and the fourth antenna 24 are located on the same line, the network device can control the 5G antennas in the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 to work, or control the 5G antennas in the second antenna 22 and the third antenna 23 to work, or control the 5G antennas in the first antenna 21 and the fourth antenna 24 to work, or control the 5G antennas in the third antenna 23 and the fourth antenna 24 to work, so as to avoid the 5G antennas in the second antenna 22 and the fourth antenna 24 working at the same time. This will prevent the spatial flow between the user-side device and the network device from being the same when the user-side device, the second antenna 22 and the fourth antenna 24 are located on the same line.

[0116] (4) When the user-side equipment, the second antenna 22 and the third antenna 23 are located on the same line, the network equipment can control the 5G antennas of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 to work, or control the 5G antennas of the second antenna 22 and the fourth antenna 24 to work, or control the 5G antennas of the first antenna 21 and the fourth antenna 24 to work, or control the 5G antennas of the third antenna 23 and the fourth antenna 24 to work, so as to avoid the 5G antennas of the second antenna 22 and the third antenna 23 working at the same time. This will prevent the spatial flow between the user-side equipment and the network equipment from being the same when the user-side equipment, the second antenna 22 and the third antenna 23 are located on the same line.

[0117] (5) When the user-side equipment, the first antenna 21 and the third antenna 23 are located on the same line, since the 5G antenna of the first antenna 21 and the 5G antenna of the third antenna 23 use the same radio frequency link for power supply, the 5G antenna of the first antenna 21 and the 5G antenna of the third antenna 23 will not work at the same time. Therefore, when the user-side equipment, the first antenna 21 and the third antenna 23 are located on the same line, the spatial flow between the user-side equipment and the network equipment can be avoided.

[0118] It is evident that at any position of the user-side device in a 360-degree direction centered on the network device, the spatial flow between the user-side device and the network device can be two.

[0119] In one example, spatial flow between the user-side device and the network device can be avoided by controlling the polarization of each antenna differently. Accordingly, as shown in Figure 6, the 2.4G diversity antenna and the 5G diversity antenna of the first antenna 21 are both horizontally polarized, the 2.4G main antenna and the 5G main antenna of the second antenna 22 are both vertically polarized; the 2.4G main antenna and the 5G main antenna of the third antenna 23 are both vertically polarized, and the 2.4G diversity antenna and the 5G diversity antenna of the fourth antenna 24 are both horizontally polarized. Alternatively, the 2.4G diversity antenna and the 5G diversity antenna of the first antenna 21 are both vertically polarized, the 2.4G main antenna and the 5G main antenna of the second antenna 22 are both horizontally polarized, the 2.4G main antenna and the 5G main antenna of the third antenna 23 are both horizontally polarized, and the 2.4G diversity antenna and the 5G diversity antenna of the fourth antenna 24 are both vertically polarized.

[0120] As shown in Figure 7, the 2.4G diversity antenna of the first antenna 21 is horizontally polarized, and the 5G main antenna of the first antenna 21 is vertically polarized. The 2.4G main antenna of the second antenna 22 is vertically polarized, and the 5G main antenna of the second antenna 22 is vertically polarized. The 2.4G main antenna of the third antenna 23 is vertically polarized, and the 5G main antenna of the third antenna 23 is vertically polarized. The 2.4G diversity antenna of the fourth antenna 24 is horizontally polarized, and the 5G diversity antenna of the fourth antenna 24 is horizontally polarized.

[0121] As shown in Figure 8, the antenna polarization of the 2.4G diversity antenna and the 5G diversity antenna of the first antenna 21 is horizontal; the antenna polarization of the 2.4G diversity antenna of the second antenna 22 is horizontal; the antenna polarization of the 5G main antenna of the second antenna 22 is vertical; the antenna polarization of the 2.4G main antenna and the 5G main antenna of the third antenna 23 is vertical; and the antenna polarization of the 2.4G main antenna and the 5G main antenna of the fourth antenna 24 is vertical.

[0122] Referring to Figure 8, in the 5G operating frequency band, the 5G antennas of the first antenna 21 and the third antenna 23 share a single RF link for power supply. This makes the RF links connecting the 5G antennas of the first antenna 21, the second antenna 22, and the fourth antenna 24 independent of each other. Furthermore, given that the RF links connecting the second antenna 22, the third antenna 23, and the fourth antenna are also independent:

[0123] (1) When the user-side device, the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 are located on the same line, even if the 5G antennas of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 work at the same time, the spatial flow between the user-side device and the network device can be avoided because the polarization of the 5G antennas of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 is different.

[0124] (2) When the user-side device, the first antenna 21 and the fourth antenna 24 are located on the same line, even if the 5G antennas of the first antenna 21 and the fourth antenna 24 work at the same time, the spatial flow between the user-side device and the network device can be avoided because the polarization of the 5G antennas of the first antenna 21 and the fourth antenna 24 is different.

[0125] (3) When the user-side device, the second antenna 22 and the fourth antenna 24 are in the same line, the network device can control the 5G antennas in the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 to work, or control the 5G antennas in the second antenna 22 and the third antenna 23 to work, or control the 5G antennas in the first antenna 21 and the fourth antenna 24 to work, or control the 5G antennas in the third antenna 23 and the fourth antenna 24 to work, so as to avoid the 5G antennas in the second antenna 22 and the fourth antenna 24 working at the same time. This will prevent the spatial flow between the user-side device and the network device from being the same when the user-side device, the second antenna 22 and the fourth antenna 24 are in the same line.

[0126] (4) When the user-side device, the second antenna 22 and the third antenna 23 are located in the same line, the network device can control the 5G antennas of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 to work, or control the 5G antennas of the second antenna 22 and the fourth antenna 24 to work, or control the 5G antennas of the first antenna 21 and the fourth antenna 24 to work, or control the 5G antennas of the third antenna 23 and the fourth antenna 24 to work, so as to avoid the 5G antennas of the second antenna 22 and the third antenna 23 working at the same time. This will prevent the spatial flow between the user-side device and the network device from being the same when the user-side device, the second antenna 22 and the third antenna 23 are located in the same line.

[0127] (5) When the user-side equipment, the first antenna 21 and the third antenna 23 are located on the same line, since the 5G antenna of the first antenna 21 and the 5G antenna of the third antenna 23 use the same RF link for power supply, and there is a switching switch on the RF link for switching power supply, the RF link will not supply power to the two antennas at the same time. Therefore, the 5G antenna of the first antenna 21 and the 5G antenna of the third antenna 23 will not work at the same time. Thus, when the user-side equipment, the first antenna 21 and the third antenna 23 are located on the same line, the spatial flow between the user-side equipment and the network equipment can be avoided.

[0128] It is evident that at any position of the user-side device in a 360-degree direction centered on the network device, the spatial flow between the user-side device and the network device can be two.

[0129] Figure 9 shows the relationship between isolation and frequency in a simulation test of the isolation of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 in Figure 8, provided that the center-to-center distance between them is greater than or equal to 80 mm. In Figure 9, the horizontal axis represents frequency, and the vertical axis represents isolation using S-parameters. Referring to Figure 9, when the center-to-center distance between the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 is greater than or equal to 80 mm, the isolation between both the 2.4G antenna of the first antenna 21 and the 2.4G antenna of the second antenna 22, and the isolation between the 5G antenna of the first antenna 21 and the 5G antenna of the second antenna 22, is greater than 15 dB. Therefore, when the center-to-center distance between any two antennas of a network device is greater than or equal to 80 mm, the isolation between these two antennas is good.

[0130] The following describes the simulation test results of the channel condition number between the network device and the user-side device when transmitting 5G signals, as shown in Figure 8.

[0131] In this configuration, the 5G antennas of the first antenna 21 and the third antenna 23 share a single RF link for power supply. The RF links connecting the 5G antenna of the second antenna 22 and the fourth antenna 24 are independent of each other. The center-to-center distance between the first antenna 21 and the third antenna 23 is 169 mm, and the center-to-center distance between the third antenna 23 and the fourth antenna 24 is 280 mm. The distance between the network equipment and the user-side equipment is 2 meters.

[0132] Table 1 below shows the number of channel conditions between the network device and the user-side device when the center distance D3 between the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 is different.

[0133] In Table 1, the front side shows the user-side device's panel 11 facing away from the network device, and the back side shows the user-side device's panel 11 facing the network device. The left and right sides represent the user-side device located on either side of the network device, respectively.

[0134] Table 1

[0135] As shown in Table 1 above, when the center-to-center distance between the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 is less than or equal to 150 mm, the channel condition number (CBD) between the user-side equipment and the network equipment is less than 7 dB in all directions, indicating a low CBD between them. A low CBD indicates good signal transmission quality between the user-side equipment and the network equipment. Therefore, the signal transmitted between them can be modulated using 4K QAM modulation technology, where 4K represents 4096 and QAM stands for quadrature amplitude modulation. 4K QAM modulation technology can improve the negotiation rate between the user-side equipment and the network equipment. Therefore, a center-to-center distance of less than or equal to 150 mm is beneficial for improving the negotiation rate between the user-side equipment and the network equipment.

[0136] Based on the above, the external antennas of the network device may include a first antenna 21, a second antenna 22, a third antenna 23, and a fourth antenna 24. One possible layout is described below.

[0137] Referring to Figure 6, the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 are arranged on the panel of the device body 1, with the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 located at the left and right ends of the panel 11. The third antenna 23 and the fourth antenna 24 are arranged on the front side 12 of the device body 1, opposite to the panel. The center-to-center distance between the third antenna 23 and the fourth antenna 24 is greater than or equal to 80 mm and less than or equal to 150 mm. The center-to-center distance between the first antenna 21 and the third antenna 23 is greater than or equal to 80 mm, and the center-to-center distance between the second antenna 22 and the fourth antenna 24 is greater than or equal to 80 mm.

[0138] Referring again to Figure 6, the first antenna 21 includes a 2.4G diversity antenna and a 5G diversity antenna, both with horizontal polarization. The second antenna 22 includes a 2.4G main antenna and a 5G main antenna, both with vertical polarization. The third antenna 23 includes a 2.4G main antenna and a 5G main antenna, both with vertical polarization. The fourth antenna 24 includes a 2.4G diversity antenna and a 5G diversity antenna, both with horizontal polarization. The RF circuit connecting the 2.4G diversity antenna of the first antenna 21 shares the same RF link as the RF circuit connecting the 2.4G main antenna of the third antenna 23. The RF circuit connecting the 5G diversity antenna of the first antenna 21 shares the same RF link as the 5G main antenna of the third antenna 23. The RF circuit connecting the 2.4G main antenna of the second antenna 22 shares the same RF link as the 2.4G diversity antenna of the fourth antenna 24. The RF circuit connecting the 5G main antenna of the second antenna 22 shares the same RF link as the RF circuit connecting the 5G diversity antenna of the fourth antenna 24. Each of these RF links connecting the two antennas has a switch to switch between powering the main antenna and powering the diversity antenna.

[0139] In the layout shown in Figure 6, the network device can operate in a three-in, three-out configuration within the 5G frequency band. Therefore, referring to Figure 7, the RF link configuration and polarization of the 2G antennas from the first antenna 21 to the fourth antenna 24 are the same as in Figure 6, and will not be repeated here. Continuing to refer to Figure 7, the 5G antenna of the first antenna 21 is a 5G main antenna with vertical polarization; the 5G antenna of the second antenna 22 is a 5G main antenna with vertical polarization; the 5G antenna of the third antenna 23 is a 5G main antenna with vertical polarization; and the 5G antenna of the fourth antenna 24 is a 5G diversity antenna with horizontal polarization. Thus, the 5G diversity antenna of the fourth antenna 24 can share the same RF link for power supply as the 5G main antenna of the first antenna 21, while the RF links connected to the 5G main antennas of the first antenna 21, the second antenna 22, and the third antenna 23 are different. Alternatively, the 5G diversity antenna of the fourth antenna 24 and the 5G main antenna of the second antenna 22 may share the same RF link for power supply, while the 5G main antennas of the first antenna 21, the second antenna 22, and the third antenna 23 may be connected to different RF links.

[0140] Another layout: Referring to Figure 8, the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 are arranged on the panel 11 of the device body 1, and the center distance between them is greater than or equal to 80 mm and less than or equal to 150 mm. The third antenna 23 and the fourth antenna 24 are arranged on the left and right sides of the device body, respectively, and the third antenna 23 and the fourth antenna 24 are located near the front side 12 of the device body 1. The center distance between the first antenna 21 and the third antenna 23 is greater than or equal to 80 mm, and the center distance between the second antenna 22 and the fourth antenna 24 is greater than or equal to 80 mm. The first antenna 21 includes a 2.4G diversity antenna and a 5G diversity antenna, both with horizontal polarization. The second antenna 22 includes a 2.4G diversity antenna and a 5G main antenna, with the 2.4G diversity antenna of the second antenna 22 having horizontal polarization and the 5G main antenna of the second antenna 22 having vertical polarization. The third antenna 23 includes a 2.4G main antenna and a 5G main antenna, both with vertical polarization. The fourth antenna 24 includes a 2.4G main antenna and a 5G main antenna, both with vertical polarization. The RF link connected to the 2.4G diversity antenna of the first antenna 21 is the same as the RF link connected to the 2.4G main antenna of the third antenna 23; the RF link connected to the 2.4G diversity antenna of the second antenna 22 is the same as the RF link connected to the 2.4G main antenna of the fourth antenna 24. The 5G diversity antenna of the first antenna 21 and the 5G main antenna of the third antenna 23 are connected to the same RF link, while the 5G main antenna of the third antenna 23, the 5G main antenna of the second antenna 22 and the 5G main antenna of the fourth antenna 24 are connected to different RF links. Alternatively, the 5G diversity antenna of the first antenna 21 and the 5G main antenna of the fourth antenna 24 are connected to the same RF link, while the 5G main antenna of the fourth antenna 24, the 5G main antenna of the third antenna 23 and the 5G main antenna of the second antenna 22 are connected to different RF links.

[0141] In this embodiment, the network device includes a first set of antennas and a second set of antennas. These two sets of antennas are arranged along the front-rear direction of the device body. Compared to having these two sets of antennas arranged in a straight line on the panel of the device body, this avoids a situation where there is only one spatial flow for data transmission between the network device and the user-side device on the left or right side of the network device, resulting in a low negotiation rate. Furthermore, the antenna polarization of the first and second sets of antennas includes both vertical and horizontal polarization. Compared to all antennas having only vertical polarization, this alleviates the problem of low negotiation rates between the network device and the user-side device due to polarization mismatch. Consequently, the network device provided in this embodiment can achieve a good negotiation rate with the user-side device.

[0142] The terminology used in the embodiments of this disclosure is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the disclosure. Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the embodiments of this disclosure should be understood in their ordinary sense by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this specification and claims do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, "a" or "an," and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. The terms "comprising," "including," and similar terms mean that the elements or objects preceding "comprising" or "including" encompass the elements or objects listed following "comprising" or "including" and their equivalents, but do not exclude other elements or objects. "Upper," "lower," "left," "right," etc., are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly. "A plurality" refers to two or more, unless otherwise expressly defined.

[0143] The above description is merely an optional embodiment of this disclosure and is not intended to limit this disclosure. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the principles of this disclosure should be included within the protection scope of this disclosure.

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