Optical signal processing method, and processing apparatus and processing system

Abstract

An optical signal processing method. A first optical signal comprises at least one pulse signal group, the same pulse signal group not only comprises a plurality of first pulse signals, i.e., detection pulse signals, having different frequencies, but also comprises at least two second pulse signals, i.e., compensation pulse signals, and data measured by means of the second pulse signals is used for calibrating data measured by means of the first pulse signals. The sensitivity difference and bias difference between detection results of detection pulse signals having different frequencies are eliminated by means of adding compensation frequencies. Compared with a solution in which only one compensation pulse signal is provided, the compensation efficiency can be improved, thereby improving the accuracy of data measured by means of first pulse signals, and thus improving the efficiency of using a first optical signal to perform signal detection. Further provided are a processing apparatus (90, 100) and a processing system (110).

Description

Optical signal processing methods, processing devices, and processing systems

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202510127577.7, filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on January 27, 2025, entitled "Optical Signal Processing Method, Processing Apparatus and Processing System", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] The embodiments of this application relate to the fields of optical communication and optical fiber sensing, and particularly to optical signal processing methods, processing devices, and processing systems. Background Technology

[0003] A distributed optical fiber sensing system is a system that uses optical fiber as a sensing element and signal transmission medium to measure, analyze, and locate physical quantities (e.g., vibration, stress, temperature) around the optical fiber. In a distributed optical fiber sensing system, the optical fiber serves as the sensing unit of the sensor, capable of measuring the spatial distribution of information that changes over time along the optical fiber transmission path. Therefore, the optical fiber in a distributed optical fiber sensing system is often called a sensing fiber. When the distributed optical fiber sensing system is operating, the optical communication device injects a regular probe light signal (e.g., a probe pulse signal) into the optical fiber and receives the feedback light signal (e.g., scattered light signal, reflected light signal, or refracted light signal) generated during the transmission of this probe light signal in the optical fiber, so as to obtain the changes in the physical quantities around the optical fiber using the feedback light signal.

[0004] In traditional technologies, frequency division multiplexing (FDM) is typically used to divide the total bandwidth of a channel into multiple sub-bands (or sub-channels), with each sub-channel transmitting one optical signal. This technology can modulate multiple optical signals using carriers of different frequencies, allowing optical signals of different frequencies to be transmitted in parallel within the same channel without interference. For example, an optical communication device alternately injects multiple probe pulse signals of different frequencies into an optical fiber. Because these multiple probe pulse signals of different frequencies are orthogonal to each other, the sampling rate of the optical fiber sensor can be increased compared to using only one frequency probe pulse signal, thereby obtaining more detection results within a limited time.

[0005] However, the detection results of probe pulse signals of different frequencies exhibit differences in sensitivity and bias, which is detrimental to obtaining accurate detection information. Therefore, the industry urgently needs a solution that can correct for the differences in sensitivity and bias in the detection results. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides an optical signal processing method, processing device, and processing system for eliminating sensitivity and bias differences between detection results of detection pulse signals of different frequencies by increasing the compensation frequency, thereby improving detection accuracy.

[0007] In a first aspect, this application provides an optical signal processing method, which can be executed by a processing device or by a portion of a functional module or chip within the processing device. Taking execution by a processing device as an example, the processing device sends a first optical signal, which includes multiple pulse signal groups. Each pulse signal group includes N first pulse signals, which have different frequencies, where N is an integer greater than 1. Each pulse signal group also includes at least two second pulse signals, which have different frequencies. The frequency of any one of the first pulse signals is different from the frequency of any one of the second pulse signals. Each second pulse signal in a pulse signal group corresponds to one of the first pulse signals in the pulse signal group. The second pulse signal is used to calibrate the first pulse signal corresponding to the second pulse signal. The time interval between pulse signals with the same frequency in adjacent pulse signal groups is greater than or equal to the echo period of the pulse signal. The processing device receives a second optical signal, which is an optical signal generated based on the first optical signal. The second optical signal is used to generate detection information.

[0008] The second pulse signal is used to calibrate the first pulse signal, meaning that the data measured by the second pulse signal is used as a reference when calibrating the data measured by the first pulse signal.

[0009] In this embodiment, the first optical signal includes at least one group of pulse signals. The same group of pulse signals includes not only multiple first pulse signals (i.e., detection pulse signals) of different frequencies, but also at least two second pulse signals (e.g., compensation pulse signals). The data measured by the second pulse signals is used to calibrate the data measured by the first pulse signals. By increasing the compensation frequency, the sensitivity and bias differences between the detection results of detection pulse signals of different frequencies are eliminated. Compared to a scheme that only sets one compensation pulse signal, this improves compensation efficiency, thereby increasing the accuracy of the data measured by the first pulse signal and thus improving the efficiency of signal detection using the first optical signal.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the time difference between the rising edge of the second pulse signal and the rising edge of the corresponding first pulse signal is less than a threshold.

[0011] In this embodiment, by controlling the time difference between the rising edge of the second pulse signal and the rising edge of the first pulse signal within a small time range, it is beneficial to ensure that the first and second pulse signals in the same combination measure the influence of the same external physical quantity on the optical signal propagating in the optical fiber, thus improving measurement accuracy. Furthermore, a pulse signal group includes at least two second pulse signals. Compared to a scheme with only one second pulse signal in a pulse signal group, the scheme in this embodiment has higher calibration capability and can tolerate time delays between the first and second pulse signals, thereby allowing for the setting of a larger threshold. For example, a scheme with only one second pulse signal in a pulse signal group may require a threshold close to 0, i.e., requiring the compensation pulse signal and the detection pulse signal to be sent simultaneously; while in this embodiment, the threshold can be tens of nanoseconds or even hundreds of nanoseconds.

[0012] In one possible implementation, adjacent pulse signal groups contain second pulse signals with the same frequency that correspond to first pulse signals with different frequencies. This can be understood as follows: second pulse signals of the same frequency correspond to first pulse signals of different frequencies at two adjacent moments when they enter the first medium (e.g., optical fiber), so that second pulse signals of the same frequency can be used to calibrate first pulse signals of different frequencies, thereby improving calibration efficiency.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the first optical signal includes M different frequencies of second pulse signals, and the pulse signal group includes at least two second pulse signals of at least two frequencies from the M different frequencies of second pulse signals, where M is an integer greater than 1.

[0014] In one possible implementation, if M is less than or equal to N, then the pulse signal group contains at least two second pulse signals, which are M second pulse signals, and the M second pulse signals correspond to M different frequencies.

[0015] In one possible implementation, if M is greater than N, then the pulse signal group includes at least two second pulse signals, which are N second pulse signals, and the N second pulse signals correspond to N different frequencies out of M different frequencies.

[0016] In this embodiment, when M is greater than N, each first pulse signal can have a corresponding second pulse signal, which helps to ensure that the data of each first pulse signal has the data of the second pulse signal for reference, thereby ensuring that the data measured by each first signal can be accurately calibrated, thus improving the accuracy of the data obtained by the processing device.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the pulse signal group adjacent to the pulse signal group includes Q second pulse signals, each of which corresponds to one of the Q different frequencies out of the M different frequencies. The union of the Q different frequencies and the N different frequencies is the M different frequencies, where Q is an integer greater than 0 and Q is less than N.

[0018] In one possible implementation, adjacent pulse signal groups contain first pulse signals with the same frequency that correspond to second pulse signals with different frequencies.

[0019] In one possible implementation, M = N + 1. For example, the number of frequencies of the first pulse signal N = 3, and the number of frequencies of the second pulse signal M = 4. If the pulse signal combination includes three first pulse signals with frequencies f1, f2, and f3 respectively, then the first optical signal may contain a pulse signal combination that also includes pulses with frequencies f1, f2, and f3 respectively. c1 f c2 f c3 and f c4 Three of the four second pulse signals are included. Adjacent pulse signal combinations may include three, two, or one second pulse signal. Two adjacent pulse signal groups contain second pulse signals of M different frequencies. This approach improves compensation efficiency within a limited time, thereby obtaining high-precision data in a shorter time.

[0020] In one possible implementation, any two adjacent first pulse signals among the N first pulse signals have the same time interval.

[0021] In one possible implementation, multiple pulse signal groups are periodically distributed along the time axis.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: a processing device generating detection information based on a second optical signal within a first duration, the first duration being greater than or equal to k times the pulse echo period, where k is greater than 1. Optionally, k = (N+1).

[0023] In one possible implementation, the second optical signal is an optical signal generated by the first optical signal in a first medium, which includes an optical fiber, water, a transparent crystal, or air.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the first pulse signal and / or the second pulse signal are single-frequency pulse signals; or, the first pulse signal and / or the second pulse signal are frequency-modulated pulse signals.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the amplitudes of the first pulse signal and / or the second pulse signal are modulated using raised cosine.

[0026] Secondly, this application provides a processing apparatus, comprising: a transceiver module for transmitting a first optical signal, the first optical signal comprising a plurality of pulse signal groups, each pulse signal group comprising N first pulse signals, the N first pulse signals having different frequencies, and N being an integer greater than 1; each pulse signal group further comprising at least two second pulse signals, the at least two second pulse signals having different frequencies, and the frequency of any one of the first pulse signals being different from the frequency of any one of the second pulse signals; each second pulse signal in the pulse signal group corresponding to one of the first pulse signals in the pulse signal group, the second pulse signal being used to calibrate the first pulse signal corresponding to the second pulse signal, and the time interval between pulse signals with the same frequency contained in adjacent pulse signal groups being greater than or equal to the echo period of the pulse signal; the transceiver module is further configured to receive a second optical signal, the second optical signal being an optical signal generated based on the first optical signal, and the second optical signal being used to generate detection information.

[0027] In one possible implementation, the time difference between the rising edge of the second pulse signal and the rising edge of the corresponding first pulse signal is less than a threshold.

[0028] In one possible implementation, adjacent pulse signal groups contain second pulse signals with the same frequency that correspond to first pulse signals with different frequencies.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the first optical signal includes M different frequencies of second pulse signals, and the pulse signal group includes at least two second pulse signals of at least two frequencies from the M different frequencies of second pulse signals, where M is an integer greater than 1.

[0030] In one possible implementation, if M is less than or equal to N, then the pulse signal group contains at least two second pulse signals, which are M second pulse signals, and the M second pulse signals correspond to M different frequencies.

[0031] In one possible implementation, if M is greater than N, then the pulse signal group includes at least two second pulse signals, which are N second pulse signals, and the N second pulse signals correspond to N different frequencies out of M different frequencies.

[0032] In one possible implementation, the pulse signal group adjacent to the pulse signal group includes Q second pulse signals, each of which corresponds to one of the Q different frequencies out of the M different frequencies. The union of the Q different frequencies and the N different frequencies is the M different frequencies, where Q is an integer greater than 0 and Q is less than N.

[0033] In one possible implementation, adjacent pulse signal groups contain first pulse signals with the same frequency that correspond to second pulse signals with different frequencies.

[0034] In one possible implementation, M = N + 1.

[0035] In one possible implementation, any two adjacent first pulse signals among the N first pulse signals have the same time interval.

[0036] In one possible implementation, multiple pulse signal groups are periodically distributed along the time axis.

[0037] In one possible implementation, the processing device further includes a processing module; the processing module is configured to generate detection information based on a second optical signal within a first duration, the first duration being greater than or equal to k times the pulse echo period, where k is greater than 1.

[0038] In one possible implementation, k = (N+1).

[0039] In one possible implementation, the second optical signal is an optical signal generated by the first optical signal in a first medium, which includes an optical fiber, water, a transparent crystal, or air.

[0040] In one possible implementation, the first pulse signal and / or the second pulse signal are single-frequency pulse signals; or, the first pulse signal and / or the second pulse signal are frequency-modulated pulse signals.

[0041] In one possible implementation, the amplitudes of the first pulse signal and / or the second pulse signal are modulated using raised cosine.

[0042] It should be noted that there are many other specific implementation methods in this application, and you can refer to the specific implementation methods and their beneficial effects in the first aspect, which will not be repeated here.

[0043] Thirdly, this application provides a processing system comprising a light source, a coherent receiving device, and a processing apparatus as described in any of the embodiments of the second aspect above. The light source is used to emit a laser signal; the processing apparatus is used to process the laser signal into a first optical signal; and the coherent receiving device is used to receive a second optical signal.

[0044] It should be noted that there are many other specific implementation methods in this application, and you can refer to the specific implementation methods and their beneficial effects in the first aspect, which will not be repeated here.

[0045] Fourthly, this application provides a processing apparatus, which may be an integrated circuit chip. The integrated circuit chip includes a processor. The processor is coupled to a memory for storing programs or instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processing apparatus to perform the methods described in any of the various embodiments of the foregoing aspects, as well as the foregoing aspects themselves.

[0046] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product containing instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the methods described in any of the various embodiments of the foregoing aspects.

[0047] In a sixth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium including instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the methods described in any of the various embodiments of the foregoing aspects. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Figure 1A is a structural example of a fiber optic sensing system in a conventional technology;

[0049] Figure 1B is an example of the simulation test results of probe pulse signals of different frequencies in the traditional technology;

[0050] Figure 1C shows an example of the time-domain and frequency-domain waveforms of detection results at different frequencies in conventional techniques;

[0051] Figure 2 is a flowchart of an embodiment of the optical signal processing method provided in this application;

[0052] Figure 3 is an example diagram showing the distribution of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal provided in this application;

[0053] Figure 4 is another example of the distribution of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal provided in this application;

[0054] Figure 5A is another example of the distribution of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal provided in this application;

[0055] Figure 5B is another example of the distribution of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal provided in this application;

[0056] Figure 6A is another example of the distribution of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal provided in this application;

[0057] Figure 6B is another example of the distribution of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal provided in this application;

[0058] Figure 6C is another example of the distribution of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal provided in this application;

[0059] Figure 6D is another example of the distribution of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal provided in this application;

[0060] Figure 6E is another example of the distribution of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal provided in this application;

[0061] Figure 7A is another example of the distribution of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal provided in this application;

[0062] Figure 7B is another example of the distribution of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal provided in this application;

[0063] Figure 8 is another example of the distribution of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal provided in this application;

[0064] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the processing apparatus provided in this application;

[0065] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the processing apparatus provided in this application;

[0066] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the processing system provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0067] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0068] In the various embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified or in case of logical conflict, the terminology and / or descriptions of different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features of different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationship.

[0069] The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” “fourth,” etc. (if present) in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a particular order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms are interchangeable where appropriate so that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms “comprising” and “having,” and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0070] It should be understood that the term "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0071] To facilitate understanding of the optical signal processing method provided in the embodiments of this application, the application scenarios to which this optical signal processing method is applicable are first introduced below:

[0072] Figure 1A shows a structural example of a fiber optic sensing system in conventional technology. As shown in Figure 1A, a distributed fiber optic sensing system in conventional technology mainly includes a fiber optic sensing device and a sensing fiber. The fiber optic sensing device sends a series of probe pulse light signals propagating in the forward direction along the sensing fiber. As the probe pulse light signals propagate along the fiber, they generate feedback light signals (e.g., scattered light signals, reflected light signals, or refracted light signals). Then, the fiber optic sensing device receives the feedback light signals on the same side that sent the probe pulse light signals. Since the feedback light signals can reflect the spatial distribution of the fiber over time, the computing device uses these feedback light signals to generate detection information reflecting changes in physical quantities around the fiber (e.g., vibration, stress, temperature).

[0073] This fiber optic sensing system is based on distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) technology. DAS is an advanced technology that uses optical fibers as sensors to monitor and measure sound waves. For example, DAS can achieve real-time monitoring and location of sound wave signals in environments such as pipes, walls, settlement, and earthquakes. The principle of DAS is based on the Raman scattering and bending scattering effects of optical fibers. For instance, when a fiber optic sensing device sends a probe pulse signal (e.g., a laser pulse signal) along the sensing fiber, it encounters sound wave vibrations outside the fiber, causing Raman scattering or bending scattering within the fiber, thus altering the characteristics of the probe pulse signal. Therefore, the feedback optical signal received by the fiber optic sensing device can reflect the characteristics of the sound wave vibration. Real-time monitoring and location of sound waves can be achieved through the processing and analysis of the feedback optical signal.

[0074] In traditional technology, optical communication devices alternately inject multiple probe pulse signals of different frequencies into the optical fiber. Since these multiple probe pulse signals are orthogonal to each other, the sampling rate of the optical fiber sensor can be increased compared to using only one frequency, thus obtaining more detection results within a limited time. However, the detection results from different frequency probe pulse signals exhibit differences in sensitivity and bias, which is detrimental to obtaining accurate detection information. For example, as shown in Figure 1B, if a sinusoidal probe pulse signal is applied to the optical fiber under test for simulation testing, the amplitude of the sinusoidal waveform detected by different frequency probe pulse signals at the same location will differ, and there will be different center biases. As shown in Figure 1C, if the detection results of different frequencies are directly interleaved according to the order in which they enter the optical fiber under test, the restored signal will exhibit a noticeable sawtooth waveform in the time domain, and the restored signal will also exhibit spurious harmonics other than the true frequency in the frequency domain, which may affect the judgment of the true frequency and thus reduce the detection accuracy.

[0075] In response, this application provides an optical signal processing method, processing device, and processing system, which eliminates the sensitivity and bias differences between the detection results of detection pulse signals of different frequencies by increasing the compensation frequency, thereby improving the detection accuracy.

[0076] It should be noted that the optical signal processing method provided in this application can be applied to scenarios involving signal detection based on a distributed optical fiber sensing system (e.g., the optical fiber sensing system shown in Figure 1A above). For example, this optical signal processing method can be applied to online health monitoring of oil and gas pipelines, power lines, and communication optical cables, as well as to intrusion and external damage prevention monitoring of long-distance borders, perimeters, and long-distance pipelines. Furthermore, the optical signal processing method provided in this application can also be applied to scenarios involving signal detection based on radar systems. In addition, the optical signal processing method provided in this application can also be applied to other scenarios that require improving sampling accuracy by setting compensation pulse signals; this embodiment is not limited to these scenarios. The following description mainly focuses on scenarios involving signal detection based on a distributed optical fiber sensing system.

[0077] The main flow of the optical signal processing method provided in this application will be described below with reference to Figure 2:

[0078] Figure 2 shows a flowchart of an embodiment of the optical signal processing method provided in this application. In this embodiment, a processing device is used as an example for explanation. Of course, the entity performing the processing device action in this method can also be a unit, module, or chip within the processing device; this embodiment does not specifically limit this. For example, as shown in Figure 2, the optical signal processing method includes the following steps:

[0079] Step 201: The processing device sends a first optical signal.

[0080] Optionally, the processing device sends a first optical signal to the first medium, that is, the first optical signal is transmitted in the first medium. The first medium can be an optical fiber, air, water, or a transparent crystal, or other media capable of transmitting light. In one example, if this embodiment is applied to a fiber optic sensing scenario, the first medium can be a sensing optical fiber, meaning the processing device sends the first optical signal to the sensing optical fiber. In another example, if this embodiment is applied to a radar-based signal detection scenario, the first medium can be air, meaning the processing device sends the first optical signal directly to the air without using a waveguide such as an optical fiber. It should be noted that when the optical signal processing method provided in this application is applied to other scenarios, the first medium may also be other media capable of transmitting optical signals; this embodiment does not limit this. This embodiment and subsequent embodiments are mainly described using a fiber optic sensing scenario as an example.

[0081] The first optical signal includes a first pulse signal with multiple frequencies and a second pulse signal with at least two frequencies, wherein any frequency of the first pulse signal is different from any frequency of the second pulse signal. When the first optical signal is transmitted in a medium, since both the first and second pulse signals are components of the first optical signal, it can be understood that both the first and second pulse signals are also transmitted in that medium. Because the echo period of a signal is related to the medium through which it is transmitted, and the echo period refers to the time interval required from transmitting the pulse signal to receiving the feedback signal (i.e., the echo signal), the first and second pulse signals have the same echo period, first pulse signals of different frequencies have the same echo period, and second pulse signals of different frequencies also have the same echo period.

[0082] Figure 3 is an example diagram showing the distribution of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal included in the first optical signal provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 3, the first optical signal includes multiple pulse signal groups distributed along the time axis. Each pulse signal group includes N first pulse signals, and the N first pulse signals have different frequencies, where N is an integer greater than 1. For example, a pulse signal group includes frequencies f1, f2, f3 to f... N The first pulse signal contains N first pulse signals with different frequencies.

[0083] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 3, at least one pulse signal group in the plurality of pulse signal groups also includes at least two second pulse signals, and the at least two second pulse signals have different frequencies. Since the frequency of any first pulse signal is different from the frequency of any second pulse signal, a pulse signal group includes at least (N+2) pulse signals with different frequencies, and the (N+2) pulse signals with different frequencies do not interfere with each other. Compared with the scheme of sending only N first pulse signals, this increases the number of frequency types carried by the optical signal, that is, it increases the frequency density in the optical signal, which is beneficial for obtaining more useful signals in a finite amount of time.

[0084] Optionally, the first optical signal includes M different frequencies of second pulse signals, and the pulse signal group includes at least two second pulse signals of at least two frequencies from the M different frequencies of second pulse signals, where M is an integer greater than 1. For example, as shown in Figure 3, the first optical signal includes second pulse signals with frequencies f c1 f c2 f c3 to f cM The second pulse signal has frequencies f c1 f c2 f c3 to f cMAt least two of the second pulse signals fall into the pulse signal group.

[0085] In this system, the second pulse signal within the same pulse signal group corresponds to a first pulse signal within that group. The second pulse signal is used to calibrate the first pulse signal corresponding to it. Essentially, the data measured by the second pulse signal is used as a reference when calibrating the data measured by the first pulse signal. Since the first pulse signal is primarily used to obtain sampling data, while the second pulse signal is mainly used to calibrate the sampling data measured by the first pulse signal, in some scenarios, the first pulse signal is also called the probe pulse signal, and the second pulse signal is also called the compensation pulse signal.

[0086] Furthermore, to ensure that pulse signals of the same frequency in the first optical signal do not interfere with each other, the time interval between pulse signals of the same frequency in adjacent pulse signal groups is set to be greater than or equal to the echo period of the pulse signal. For example, the time interval between first pulse signals of the same frequency in adjacent pulse signal groups is greater than or equal to the echo period of the first pulse signal. As another example, the time interval between second pulse signals of the same frequency in adjacent pulse signal groups is greater than or equal to the echo period of the second pulse signal.

[0087] Therefore, in this embodiment, the time interval between the entry of one first pulse signal into the first medium (e.g., optical fiber) and the entry of the next first pulse signal into the first medium (e.g., optical fiber) includes N first pulse signals and at least two second pulse signals. Compared to a scheme that only sets one compensation pulse signal, the scheme provided in this embodiment can improve compensation efficiency, thereby improving the accuracy of the data measured by the first pulse signal, and thus improving the efficiency of signal detection using the first optical signal.

[0088] Optionally, adjacent pulse signal groups may contain second pulse signals with the same frequency that correspond to first pulse signals with different frequencies. This can be understood as follows: second pulse signals of the same frequency correspond to first pulse signals of different frequencies at adjacent moments when they enter the first medium (e.g., optical fiber), allowing second pulse signals of the same frequency to be used to calibrate first pulse signals of different frequencies, thus improving calibration efficiency. This can be understood as follows: in different pulse signal groups, the frequency f... c1 ~f cM The second pulse signal has a frequency of f1~f N The combination of the first pulse signals is different.

[0089] In one example, as shown in Figure 3, within one of the pulse signal combinations, the frequency is f ci The second pulse signal with frequency fi The first pulse signal corresponds to; within another adjacent pulse signal combination, the frequency is f. ci The second pulse signal with frequency f (i+1) The first pulse signal corresponds to, where i is an integer greater than 0, i is less than or equal to M, or i is less than or equal to N. For example, with different combinations of pulse signals, the frequency is f. c1 The second pulse signal and its frequency are f c2 Taking the second pulse signal as an example, within one of the pulse signal combinations, the frequency is f c1 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f1, and the frequency is f c2 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f2; in another adjacent pulse signal combination, the frequency is f c1 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f2, and the frequency is f c2 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with a frequency of f3.

[0090] In one example, within one combination of pulse signals, the frequency is f ci The second pulse signal with frequency f i The first pulse signal corresponds to; within another adjacent pulse signal combination, the frequency is f. ci The second pulse signal with frequency f (i+2) The first pulse signal corresponds to, where i is an integer greater than 0, i is less than or equal to M, or i is less than or equal to N. For example, with different combinations of pulse signals, the frequency is f. c1 The second pulse signal and its frequency are f c2 Taking the second pulse signal as an example, within one of the pulse signal combinations, the frequency is f c1 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f1, and the frequency is f c2 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f2; in another adjacent pulse signal combination, the frequency is f c1 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f3, and the frequency is f c2 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with a frequency of f4.

[0091] It should be noted that in practical applications, there may be other arrangement methods, which will not be listed in this embodiment.

[0092] It should also be noted that the arrangement of the N first pulse signals and at least two second pulse signals within different pulse signal combinations is also affected by the relationship between M and N. Optionally, M can be less than N, equal to N, or greater than N. Examples are given below:

[0093] In one possible implementation, if M is less than N, then the pulse signal group includes at least two second pulse signals, which are M second pulse signals, each corresponding to one of M different frequencies. Here, M and N are both integers greater than 1. For example, if the pulse signal combination includes frequencies from f1, f2, f3 to f... N If there are N first pulse signals, then there exists a combination of pulse signals in the first optical signal that also includes frequencies f. c1 f c2 f c3 to f cM The M second pulse signals, that is, the aforementioned at least two second pulse signals with frequencies f respectively c1 f c2 f c3 to f cM M second pulse signals.

[0094] In one example, as shown in Figure 4, the number of frequencies of the first pulse signal is N = 3, and the number of frequencies of the second pulse signal is M = 2. The pulse signal combination includes three first pulse signals with frequencies f1, f2, and f3 respectively. Therefore, the first optical signal also contains a pulse signal combination that includes three first pulse signals with frequencies f1, f2, and f3 respectively. c1 The second pulse signal and f c2 The second pulse signal. Within the j-th pulse signal combination, the frequency is f. c1 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f1, and the frequency is f c2 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f2; within the (j+1)th pulse signal combination, the frequency f c1 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f2, and the frequency is f c2 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f3; within the (j+2)th pulse signal combination, the frequency f c1 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f3; within the (j+3)th pulse signal combination, the frequency f c2 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with a frequency of f1. Here, j is an integer greater than 0. Subsequent pulse signals cycle through the first and second pulse signals included in the aforementioned combination of four pulse signals.

[0095] In another possible implementation, if M equals N, then the pulse signal group includes at least two second pulse signals, which are M second pulse signals, each corresponding to one of M different frequencies. Here, M and N are both integers greater than 1. For example, if the pulse signal combination includes frequencies from f1, f2, f3 to f... N If there are N first pulse signals, then there exists a combination of pulse signals in the first optical signal that also includes frequencies f. c1 f c2 f c3 to f cM The M second pulse signals, that is, the aforementioned at least two second pulse signals with frequencies f respectively c1 f c2 f c3 to f cM M second pulse signals.

[0096] In one example, as shown in Figure 5A, the number of frequencies of the first pulse signal is N = 3, and the number of frequencies of the second pulse signal is M = 3. The pulse signal combination includes three first pulse signals with frequencies f1, f2, and f3 respectively. Therefore, there exists a pulse signal combination in the first optical signal that also includes three first pulse signals with frequencies f1, f2, and f3 respectively. c1 f c2 and f c3 The three second pulse signals. Within the j-th pulse signal combination, the frequency is f. c1 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f1, and the frequency is f c2 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f2, and the frequency is f c3 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f3; within the (j+1)th pulse signal combination, the frequency f c1 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f2, and the frequency is f c2 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f3; within the (j+2)th pulse signal combination, the frequency f c3 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f1, and the frequency is f c1 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f3; within the (j+3)th pulse signal combination, the frequency f c2 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f1, and the frequency is f c3 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with a frequency of f2. Here, j is an integer greater than 0. Subsequent pulse signals cycle through the first and second pulse signals contained in the aforementioned combination of four pulse signals.

[0097] In another example, as shown in Figure 5B, the number of frequencies of the first pulse signal is N = 3, and the number of frequencies of the second pulse signal is M = 3. The pulse signal combination includes three first pulse signals with frequencies f1, f2, and f3 respectively. Therefore, there exists a pulse signal combination in the first optical signal that also includes three pulse signals with frequencies f1, f2, and f3 respectively. c1 f c2 and f c3 The three second pulse signals. Within the j-th pulse signal combination, the frequency is f. c1 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f1, and the frequency is f c2 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f2, and the frequency is f c3 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f3; within the (j+1)th pulse signal combination, the frequency f c1 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f3; within the (j+2)th pulse signal combination, the frequency f c2 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f1, and the frequency is f c3 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f2; in the (j+3)th pulse signal combination, the frequency f c1 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f2, and the frequency is f c2 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f3; within the (j+4)th pulse signal combination, the frequency f c2 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with a frequency of f1. Here, j is an integer greater than 0. Subsequent pulse signals cycle through the first and second pulse signals included in the aforementioned combination of five pulse signals.

[0098] In another possible implementation, if M is greater than N, then the pulse signal group includes at least two second pulse signals, which are N second pulse signals, each corresponding to one of N different frequencies from M different frequencies. Here, M and N are both integers greater than 1. For example, if the pulse signal combination includes frequencies from f1, f2, f3 to f... N If there are N first pulse signals, then the pulse signal combination only includes signals with frequencies f respectively. c1 f c2 f c3 to f cM A portion of the M second pulse signals.

[0099] Optionally, a pulse signal group adjacent to a pulse signal group includes Q second pulse signals, each corresponding to one of the Q different frequencies out of M different frequencies. The union of the Q different frequencies and N different frequencies equals the M different frequencies, where Q is an integer greater than 0 and less than N. Optionally, adjacent pulse signal groups containing first pulse signals of the same frequency may correspond to second pulse signals of different frequencies.

[0100] Optionally, M = N + 1. For example, the number of frequencies of the first pulse signal N = 3, and the number of frequencies of the second pulse signal M = 4. If the pulse signal combination includes three first pulse signals with frequencies f1, f2, and f3 respectively, then the first optical signal may contain a pulse signal combination that also includes frequencies f1, f2, and f3 respectively. c1 f c2 f c3 and f c4 Three of the four second pulse signals are adjacent to each other. The adjacent pulse signal combinations may include three second pulse signals (as shown in Figure 6A), two second pulse signals (as shown in Figure 6B), or one second pulse signal (as shown in Figure 6C). Two adjacent pulse signal groups contain M types of second pulse signals at different frequencies. Examples are given below:

[0101] In one example, as shown in Figure 6A, the frequency of the first pulse signal is N = 3, the frequency of the second pulse signal is M = 4, and Q = 3. Within the j-th pulse signal combination, the frequency is f. c1 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f1, and the frequency is f c2 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f2, and the frequency is f c3 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f3; within the (j+1)th pulse signal combination, the frequency f c4 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f1, and the frequency is f c1 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f2, and the frequency is f c2 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f3; within the (j+2)th pulse signal combination, the frequency f c3 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f1, and the frequency is f c4 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f2, and the frequency is f c1 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f3; within the (j+3)th pulse signal combination, the frequency f c2 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f1, and the frequency is fc3 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f2, and the frequency is f c4 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with a frequency of f3. Here, j is an integer greater than 0. Subsequent pulse signals cycle through the first and second pulse signals contained in the aforementioned combination of four pulse signals.

[0102] In another example, as shown in Figure 6B, the frequency of the first pulse signal is N = 3, and the frequency of the second pulse signal is M = 4. Q = 2, meaning that in two adjacent pulse signal groups, there exists a first pulse signal without a corresponding second pulse signal. Within the j-th pulse signal combination, the frequency is f. c1 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f1, and the frequency is f c2 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f2, and the frequency is f c3 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f3; within the (j+1)th pulse signal combination, the frequency f c4 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f1, and the frequency is f c1 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f2, and the frequency is f c2 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f3; within the (j+2)th pulse signal combination, the frequency f c3 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f1, and the frequency is f c4 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f2, and the frequency is f c1 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f3; within the (j+3)th pulse signal combination, the frequency f c2 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f1, and the frequency is f c3 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with frequency f2, and the frequency is f c4 The second pulse signal corresponds to the first pulse signal with a frequency of f3. Here, j is an integer greater than 0. Subsequent pulse signals cycle through the first and second pulse signals contained in the aforementioned combination of four pulse signals.

[0103] In another example, as shown in Figure 6C, the frequency of the first pulse signal is N = 3, and the frequency of the second pulse signal is M = 4. Q = 1, meaning that in two adjacent pulse signal groups, there are two instances where the first pulse signal does not have a corresponding second pulse signal. For specific combination methods, please refer to the example shown in Figure 6C; they will not be elaborated upon here.

[0104] It should be understood that M can take other values ​​in practical applications. For example, in the example shown in Figure 6D, the frequency of the first pulse signal N = 3, and the frequency of the second pulse signal M = 5. As another example, in the example shown in Figure 6E, the frequency of the first pulse signal N = 3, and the frequency of the second pulse signal M = 8. Of course, N can also take other values, such as N = 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8, etc., and examples will not be listed here.

[0105] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the time difference between the rising edge of the second pulse signal and the rising edge of the corresponding first pulse signal is less than a threshold. This threshold can be pre-configured or determined by the processing device; this embodiment does not limit it.

[0106] In one example, the time difference between the rising edge of the second pulse signal and the rising edge of the corresponding first pulse signal is 0, meaning the rising edge of the second pulse signal coincides with the rising edge of the corresponding first pulse signal. This can be understood as the processing device simultaneously sending the second pulse signal and the first pulse signal.

[0107] In another example, as shown in Figure 7A, the time difference between the rising edge of the second pulse signal and the rising edge of the corresponding first pulse signal is greater than 0, meaning the rising edge of the second pulse signal is later than the rising edge of the corresponding first pulse signal. This can be understood as the delay of the second pulse signal being greater than the delay of the first pulse signal.

[0108] In another example, as shown in Figure 7B, the time difference between the rising edge of the second pulse signal and the rising edge of the corresponding first pulse signal is less than 0, meaning the rising edge of the second pulse signal is earlier than the rising edge of the corresponding first pulse signal. This can be understood as the delay of the first pulse signal being greater than the delay of the second pulse signal.

[0109] For example, taking a pulse width of 100ns as an example, if the absolute value of the time difference between the rising edge of the second pulse signal and the rising edge of the corresponding first pulse signal is equal to a few nanoseconds (e.g., 10ns), it means that the second pulse signal and the first pulse signal almost overlap. If the absolute value of the time difference between the rising edge of the second pulse signal and the rising edge of the corresponding first pulse signal is equal to about 100ns, it means that the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal are adjacent. For example, the falling edge of the second pulse signal almost overlaps with the rising edge of the first pulse signal, and the rising edge of the second pulse signal almost overlaps with the falling edge of the first pulse signal.

[0110] It should be noted that by controlling the time difference between the rising edge of the second pulse signal and the rising edge of the first pulse signal within a small time range, it is beneficial to ensure that the first and second pulse signals in the same combination measure the same external physical quantity's influence on the optical signal propagating in the optical fiber, thus improving measurement accuracy. In this embodiment, a pulse signal group includes at least two second pulse signals. Compared to a scheme with only one second pulse signal in a pulse signal group, the scheme in this embodiment has higher calibration capability and can tolerate time delays between the first and second pulse signals, thereby allowing for the setting of a larger threshold. For example, a scheme with only one second pulse signal in a pulse signal group may require a threshold close to 0, i.e., requiring the compensation pulse signal and the detection pulse signal to be sent simultaneously; while in this embodiment, the threshold can be tens of nanoseconds or even hundreds of nanoseconds.

[0111] Optionally, any two adjacent first pulse signals among the N first pulse signals have the same time interval. This is advantageous for setting up a dense array of first pulse signals within a finite time length. Since the transmission time of the second pulse signal is close to that of the first pulse signal, it is also advantageous for setting up a dense array of second pulse signals within a limited time length. Because the interval between first pulse signals of the same frequency in two adjacent pulse signal groups is greater than or equal to the echo period, and any two adjacent first pulse signals among the N first pulse signals have the same time interval, it can be ensured that the N first pulse signals of different frequencies are uniformly distributed along the time axis. Therefore, this is advantageous for obtaining dense and uniform sampling points, and for improving the effectiveness of the sampling points.

[0112] Optionally, multiple pulse signal groups can be periodically distributed along the time axis. This helps reduce the processing complexity of the processing device and also facilitates the acquisition of sampling points periodically, thereby improving the efficiency of data acquisition.

[0113] It should also be noted that the first pulse signal in multiple pulse signal groups may not be distributed periodically. For example, as shown in Figure 8, the first pulse signals in the same pulse signal group may have unequal intervals, and / or the interval between first pulse signals of the same frequency may be greater than the echo period.

[0114] It should be noted that the first pulse signal is a probe pulse signal, used to transmit in the first medium (e.g., optical fiber) to sense changes in physical quantities around the first medium (e.g., optical fiber). For example, if the probe pulse signal propagating in the optical fiber encounters a sound wave, the sound wave will cause Raman scattering or bending scattering in the optical fiber, thereby changing the characteristics of the probe pulse signal so that the processing device receives a second optical signal based on the first optical signal.

[0115] Step 202: The processing device receives the second optical signal.

[0116] The second optical signal is an optical signal generated based on the first optical signal.

[0117] Optionally, the second optical signal is an optical signal generated by the first optical signal in a first medium, such as an optical fiber, air, water, or a transparent crystal, or other light-transmitting medium. For example, the second optical signal is one of the signals generated by the first optical signal in the first medium through scattering, reflection, or refraction. For instance, if the first medium is an optical fiber, the first optical signal will generate a scattering signal and / or a reflection signal when propagating along the optical fiber, and the second optical signal includes the scattering signal and / or the reflection signal; if the first medium is air, the first optical signal will generate a refraction signal when propagating in the air, and the second optical signal includes the refraction signal.

[0118] Optionally, the second optical signal is used to generate detection information that reflects physical quantities of the signal surrounding the first medium (e.g., intensity, phase, polarization state, vortex, etc.).

[0119] Step 203: The processing device generates detection information based on the second optical signal within the first duration, wherein the first duration is greater than or equal to k times the echo period of the pulse signal, and k is greater than 1.

[0120] In this embodiment, step 203 is an optional step.

[0121] The first duration is the time required for one traversal of the combination of the second pulse signal of M frequencies and the first pulse signal of N frequencies.

[0122] In one example, k = (N+1). For example, in the example shown in Figure 4, N = 3, M = 2, k = 4. As another example, in the example shown in Figure 5A, N = 3, M = 3, k = 4. And as yet another example, in the example shown in Figure 6A, N = 3, M = 4, k = 4.

[0123] In another example, k > (N+1). For example, in the example shown in Figure 5B, N = 3, M = 3, k = 5. As another example, in the example shown in Figure 6B, N = 3, M = 4, k = 5. And as yet another example, in the example shown in Figure 6C, N = 3, M = 4, k = 6.

[0124] Optionally, the processing device can determine the detection information by generating a set of equations based on the second optical signal and solving the set of equations. For example, during demodulation, taking FDM3 as an example, the measured phase results of the pulse signal pairs within the first time period, along with their phase offset differences and responsivity differences, can be combined into a set of equations. By linearly solving the matrix, the sensitivity differences and offset differences between different frequencies and the selected reference frequency can be obtained, and the detection results at different frequencies can be corrected to make the sensitivity and offset the same at different frequencies. Therefore, the second optical signal within the first time period can be fully compensated, which is beneficial to improving the utilization rate of the data obtained within the first time period.

[0125] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the first pulse signal and / or the second pulse signal can be single-frequency pulse signals, such as pulse signals without frequency modulation; or, the first pulse signal and / or the second pulse signal can be frequency-modulated pulse signals, such as linear or nonlinear pulse signals with frequency modulation.

[0126] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the frequency of the pulse signal (e.g., the first pulse signal, the second pulse signal, etc.) refers to the center frequency of the pulse signal. For example, if the first pulse signal is a chirped pulse signal (i.e., a pulse signal whose frequency changes with time at different moments in a pulse), then the frequency of the first pulse signal is the center frequency of the chirped pulse signal. Similarly, if the second pulse signal is a chirped pulse signal, then the frequency of the second pulse signal is the center frequency of the chirped pulse signal. In this embodiment, both the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal can be chirped pulse signals, or both can be pulse signals without frequency modulation; this embodiment is not limited in this respect.

[0127] Optionally, the amplitudes of the first pulse signal and / or the second pulse signal are modulated using raised cosine.

[0128] In this embodiment, the time interval between the entry of one first pulse signal into the optical fiber and the entry of the next first pulse signal into the optical fiber includes not only multiple first pulse signals of different frequencies, but also at least two second pulse signals. The data measured by the second pulse signals is used to calibrate the data measured by the first pulse signals. Compared with a scheme that only sets one compensation pulse signal, the scheme provided in this embodiment can improve compensation efficiency, thereby improving the accuracy of the data measured by the first pulse signals, and thus improving the efficiency of signal detection using the first optical signal.

[0129] Furthermore, this application embodiment also provides a processing device 90, as shown in FIG9, which is a structural schematic diagram of a processing device 90 provided in this application embodiment. The specific implementation of the processing device in the flowchart shown in FIG2 can be referred to the internal structure of the processing device 90 shown in FIG9.

[0130] As shown in Figure 9, the processing device 90 may include a processor 901 and a transceiver 902, with the processor 901 and transceiver 902 coupled together. The processor 901 may be a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a combination thereof. The PLD may be a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a generic array logic (GAL), or any combination thereof. The processor 901 may refer to a single processor or may include multiple processors; no specific limitation is made here.

[0131] The aforementioned transceiver 902 can also be referred to as a transceiver unit, transceiver, transceiver device, etc. Optionally, the device in the transceiver unit that performs the receiving function can be regarded as the receiving unit, and the device in the transceiver unit that performs the transmitting function can be regarded as the transmitting unit. That is, the transceiver unit includes a receiving unit and a transmitting unit. The receiving unit can also be referred to as a receiver, input port, receiving circuit, etc., and the transmitting unit can be referred to as a transmitter, transmitter, or transmitting circuit, etc.

[0132] Optionally, the processing device 90 further includes a memory 903. The processor 901 is coupled to the memory 903. The memory 903 is primarily used to store software programs and data. The memory 903 can exist independently, connected to the processor 901. Optionally, the memory 903 can be integrated with the processor 901, for example, integrated within one or more chips. The memory 903 can store program code executing the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and its execution is controlled by the processor 901. The various types of computer program code being executed can also be considered as drivers for the processor 901. The memory 903 can include volatile memory, such as random-access memory (RAM); the memory can also include non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, hard disk drive (HDD), or solid-state drive (SSD); the memory 903 can also include combinations of the above types of memory. Memory 903 can refer to a single memory or may include multiple memories. For example, memory 903 is used to store various types of data.

[0133] In one implementation, the processing device 90 is used to implement the function of the processing device in the method embodiment corresponding to FIG2. Specifically, the transceiver 902 is used to transmit a first optical signal, which includes a plurality of pulse signal groups, each pulse signal group including N first pulse signals, the N first pulse signals having different frequencies, and N being an integer greater than 1; the pulse signal group also includes at least two second pulse signals, the at least two second pulse signals having different frequencies, and the frequency of any one of the first pulse signals being different from the frequency of any one of the second pulse signals; each second pulse signal in the pulse signal group corresponds to one of the first pulse signals in the pulse signal group, and the second pulse signal is used to calibrate the first pulse signal corresponding to the second pulse signal, and the time interval between pulse signals with the same frequency contained in adjacent pulse signal groups is greater than or equal to the echo period of the pulse signal; the transceiver 902 is also used to receive a second optical signal, the second optical signal being an optical signal generated based on the first optical signal, and the second optical signal being used to generate detection information.

[0134] In one possible implementation, the time difference between the rising edge of the second pulse signal and the rising edge of the corresponding first pulse signal is less than a threshold.

[0135] In one possible implementation, adjacent pulse signal groups contain second pulse signals with the same frequency that correspond to first pulse signals with different frequencies.

[0136] In one possible implementation, the first optical signal includes M different frequencies of second pulse signals, and the pulse signal group includes at least two second pulse signals of at least two frequencies from the M different frequencies of second pulse signals, where M is an integer greater than 1.

[0137] In one possible implementation, if M is less than or equal to N, then the pulse signal group contains at least two second pulse signals, which are M second pulse signals, and the M second pulse signals correspond to M different frequencies.

[0138] In one possible implementation, if M is greater than N, then the pulse signal group includes at least two second pulse signals, which are N second pulse signals, and the N second pulse signals correspond to N different frequencies out of M different frequencies.

[0139] In one possible implementation, the pulse signal group adjacent to the pulse signal group includes Q second pulse signals, each of which corresponds to one of the Q different frequencies out of the M different frequencies. The union of the Q different frequencies and the N different frequencies is the M different frequencies, where Q is an integer greater than 0 and Q is less than N.

[0140] In one possible implementation, adjacent pulse signal groups contain first pulse signals with the same frequency that correspond to second pulse signals with different frequencies.

[0141] In one possible implementation, M = N + 1.

[0142] In one possible implementation, any two adjacent first pulse signals among the N first pulse signals have the same time interval.

[0143] In one possible implementation, multiple pulse signal groups are periodically distributed along the time axis.

[0144] In one possible implementation, the processing device further includes a processor 901; the processor 901 is configured to generate detection information based on a second optical signal within a first duration, the first duration being greater than or equal to k times the pulse echo period, where k is greater than 1.

[0145] In one possible implementation, k = (N+1).

[0146] In one possible implementation, the second optical signal is an optical signal generated by the first optical signal in a first medium, which includes an optical fiber, water, a transparent crystal, or air.

[0147] In one possible implementation, the first pulse signal and / or the second pulse signal are single-frequency pulse signals; or, the first pulse signal and / or the second pulse signal are frequency-modulated pulse signals.

[0148] In one possible implementation, the amplitudes of the first pulse signal and / or the second pulse signal are modulated using raised cosine.

[0149] Please refer to the relevant descriptions in the embodiments corresponding to Figure 2 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0150] Furthermore, this application embodiment also provides a processing device 100, as shown in FIG10, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of a processing device 100 provided in this application embodiment. This processing device 100 can process chips. The specific implementation of the processing device in the flowchart shown in FIG2 can be referred to the internal structure of the processing device 100 shown in FIG10.

[0151] As shown in Figure 10, the processing device 100 includes a processing module 1001 and a transceiver module 1002. The transceiver module 1002 is used to transmit a first optical signal, which includes multiple pulse signal groups. Each pulse signal group includes N first pulse signals, each with a different frequency, where N is an integer greater than 1. Each pulse signal group also includes at least two second pulse signals, each with a different frequency, and the frequency of any one of the first pulse signals is different from the frequency of any one of the second pulse signals. Each second pulse signal in a pulse signal group corresponds to one of the first pulse signals in that group, and the second pulse signal is used to calibrate the first pulse signal corresponding to it. The time interval between pulse signals with the same frequency in adjacent pulse signal groups is greater than or equal to the echo period of the pulse signal. The transceiver module 1002 is also used to receive a second optical signal, which is an optical signal generated based on the first optical signal and is used to generate detection information.

[0152] In one possible implementation, the processing device further includes a processing module 1001; the processing module 1001 is used to generate detection information based on a second optical signal within a first duration, wherein the first duration is greater than or equal to k times the pulse echo period, and k is greater than 1.

[0153] For other implementation methods and beneficial effects, please refer to the embodiments corresponding to Figure 9 or Figure 2 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0154] It should be noted that when the processing device 100 is implemented in the form of a chip, the processing module 1001 can be the logic circuit in the chip, and the transceiver module 1002 can be the communication interface used to connect the chip with other communication devices.

[0155] Furthermore, this application embodiment also provides a processing system 110, as shown in FIG11, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of a processing system 110 provided in this application embodiment. The specific implementation of the processing system in the flowchart shown in FIG2 can be referred to the internal structure of the processing system 110 shown in FIG11. The processing system 110 includes at least: a light source 1101, a coherent receiving device 1103, and a processing device 1102 as described in FIG9 or FIG10. The light source 1101 is used to emit continuous laser signals; the processing device 1102 is used to process the laser signals into a first optical signal; and the coherent receiving device 1103 is used to receive a second optical signal. For an explanation of the first and second optical signals, please refer to the relevant descriptions in the corresponding embodiments of FIG2 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0156] Optionally, the processing system 110 may also include a coupling module 1104 and a loop / coupling module 1105.

[0157] The coupling module 1104 divides the continuous laser signal emitted by the light source 1101 into two parts. One part is transmitted to the processing device 1102 to generate signal light (e.g., a first optical signal), and the other part serves as a local oscillator (used to receive and identify the second optical signal generated by the first optical signal). The local oscillator is primarily used to generate stable reference light, while the signal light transmits information by modulating parameters such as the phase, amplitude, or frequency of the local oscillator. For example, the coupling module 1104 can be a coupler.

[0158] The processing device 1102 processes the received laser signal into a first optical signal. Optionally, the processing device 1102 may include a modulator. For example, according to the time-frequency diagrams in Figures 3 and 4, continuous light is modulated into optical pulses with corresponding time-frequency characteristics and amplified to a suitable intensity to obtain the first optical signal. Optionally, the frequency modulation scheme can be an acousto-optic modulator (AOM) or an electro-optic modulator (EOM). Continuous wave chopping (continuous light becoming discontinuous light) into pulses can also be achieved using acousto-optic, electro-optic, semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA), high-speed optical switch, etc. Optionally, frequency and amplitude modulation can be achieved simultaneously using acousto-optic or electro-optic methods, or frequency and amplitude modulation can be achieved by connecting different modulators in series. Optionally, optical amplification can be performed using semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA), erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA), etc.

[0159] The loop / coupling module 1105 is used to guide the first optical signal into the optical fiber. For example, the loop / coupling module 1105 is a circulator or coupler.

[0160] The coherent receiving device 1103 is used to detect and photoelectrically convert the scattered signal (e.g., the second optical signal) and the beat frequency signal of the local oscillator light in the optical fiber based on the principle of coherent detection, and can obtain information such as the amplitude, frequency, and phase of the second optical signal. The coherent receiving device 1103 can be an integrated coherent receiving device, a combination of a coupler and a single photodetector (PD), or a combination of a coupler and a double-balanced PD; this embodiment is not limited to any of these.

[0161] Optionally, the processing device 1102 may also include a signal acquisition and analysis module for digital acquisition, recording, and data processing and analysis of electrical signals.

[0162] Furthermore, this application provides a computer program product comprising one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. For example, a method related to the processing apparatus as shown in FIG2 above is implemented. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that a computer can store or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., digital versatile disc (DVD)), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., solid-state disk (SSD)).

[0163] In addition, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that is executed by a processor to implement the method associated with the processing apparatus as shown in FIG2 above.

[0164] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0165] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. An optical signal processing method, characterized in that, include: A first optical signal is transmitted, comprising multiple pulse signal groups, each pulse signal group comprising N first pulse signals, the N first pulse signals having different frequencies, where N is an integer greater than 1; each pulse signal group further comprises at least two second pulse signals, the at least two second pulse signals having different frequencies, wherein the frequency of any one of the first pulse signals is different from the frequency of any one of the second pulse signals; each second pulse signal in the pulse signal group corresponds to one of the first pulse signals in the pulse signal group, the second pulse signal is used to calibrate the first pulse signal corresponding to the second pulse signal, and the time interval between pulse signals with the same frequency contained in adjacent pulse signal groups is greater than or equal to the echo period of the pulse signal; The second optical signal is received, which is an optical signal generated based on the first optical signal, and the second optical signal is used to generate detection information.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The time difference between the rising edge of the second pulse signal and the rising edge of the corresponding first pulse signal is less than a threshold.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Adjacent pulse signal groups contain second pulse signals with the same frequency, which correspond to first pulse signals with different frequencies.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The first optical signal includes M different frequencies of second pulse signals, and the pulse signal group includes at least two second pulse signals of at least two frequencies from the M different frequencies of second pulse signals, where M is an integer greater than 1.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, If M is less than or equal to N, then the pulse signal group contains at least two second pulse signals, which are M second pulse signals, and the M second pulse signals correspond to the M different frequencies respectively.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, If M is greater than N, then the pulse signal group contains at least two second pulse signals, which are N second pulse signals, and the N second pulse signals correspond to N different frequencies among the M different frequencies.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The pulse signal group adjacent to the pulse signal group includes Q second pulse signals, each of which corresponds to one of the Q different frequencies in the M different frequencies. The union of the Q different frequencies and the N different frequencies is the M different frequencies. Q is an integer greater than 0 and less than N.

8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, Adjacent pulse signal groups contain first pulse signals with the same frequency, which correspond to second pulse signals with different frequencies.

9. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that, The M = N + 1.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Any two adjacent first pulse signals among the N first pulse signals have the same time interval.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The multiple pulse signal groups are periodically distributed along the time axis.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The method further includes: The detection information is generated based on the second optical signal within a first duration, wherein the first duration is greater than or equal to k times the pulse echo period, and k is greater than 1.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The k = (N+1).

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that, The second optical signal is the optical signal generated by the first optical signal in a first medium, which includes optical fiber, water, transparent crystal, or air.

15. A processing apparatus, characterized in that, include: A transceiver module is used to transmit a first optical signal, which includes multiple pulse signal groups. Each pulse signal group includes N first pulse signals with different frequencies, where N is an integer greater than 1. Each pulse signal group also includes at least two second pulse signals with different frequencies, and the frequency of any one of the first pulse signals is different from the frequency of any one of the second pulse signals. Each second pulse signal in the pulse signal group corresponds to one of the first pulse signals in the pulse signal group. The second pulse signal is used to calibrate the first pulse signal corresponding to the second pulse signal. The time interval between pulse signals with the same frequency in adjacent pulse signal groups is greater than or equal to the echo period of the pulse signal. The transceiver module is further configured to receive a second optical signal, which is an optical signal generated based on the first optical signal, and the second optical signal is used to generate detection information.

16. The processing apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that, The time difference between the rising edge of the second pulse signal and the rising edge of the corresponding first pulse signal is less than a threshold.

17. The processing apparatus according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that, Adjacent pulse signal groups contain second pulse signals with the same frequency, which correspond to first pulse signals with different frequencies.

18. The processing apparatus according to any one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that, The first optical signal includes M different frequencies of second pulse signals, and the pulse signal group includes at least two second pulse signals of at least two frequencies from the M different frequencies of second pulse signals, where M is an integer greater than 1.

19. The processing apparatus according to claim 18, characterized in that, If M is less than or equal to N, then the pulse signal group contains at least two second pulse signals, which are M second pulse signals, and the M second pulse signals correspond to the M different frequencies respectively.

20. The processing apparatus according to claim 18, characterized in that, If M is greater than N, then the pulse signal group contains at least two second pulse signals, which are N second pulse signals, and the N second pulse signals correspond to N different frequencies among the M different frequencies.

21. The processing apparatus according to claim 20, characterized in that, The pulse signal group adjacent to the pulse signal group includes Q second pulse signals, each of which corresponds to one of the Q different frequencies in the M different frequencies. The union of the Q different frequencies and the N different frequencies is the M different frequencies. Q is an integer greater than 0 and less than N.

22. The processing apparatus according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that, Adjacent pulse signal groups contain first pulse signals with the same frequency, which correspond to second pulse signals with different frequencies.

23. The processing apparatus according to any one of claims 20 to 22, characterized in that, The M = N + 1.

24. The processing apparatus according to any one of claims 15 to 23, characterized in that, Any two adjacent first pulse signals among the N first pulse signals have the same time interval.

25. The processing apparatus according to any one of claims 15 to 24, characterized in that, The multiple pulse signal groups are periodically distributed along the time axis.

26. The processing apparatus according to any one of claims 15 to 25, characterized in that, The processing device further includes a processing module; The processing module is used to generate the detection information based on the second optical signal within a first duration, wherein the first duration is greater than or equal to k times the pulse echo period, and k is greater than 1.

27. The processing apparatus according to claim 26, characterized in that, The k = (N+1).

28. The processing apparatus according to any one of claims 15 to 27, characterized in that, The second optical signal is the optical signal generated by the first optical signal in a first medium, which includes optical fiber, water, transparent crystal, or air.

29. A processing system, characterized in that, include: A light source, a coherent receiving device, and a processing apparatus as described in any one of claims 15 to 28; The light source is used to emit laser signals; The processing device is used to process the laser signal into the first optical signal; The coherent receiving device is used to receive the second optical signal.

Images