Communication method and communication apparatus

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of communications, and specifically relates to a communication method and a communication apparatus. Communication based on a channel map relies on the accuracy of the channel map. With the increase in the bandwidth and load of wireless communication systems, communication apparatuses have increasingly higher requirements for channel measurement. The accuracy of current channel maps can no longer meet the requirements for channel measurement. In the present application, after a network device measures a channel feature of a first terminal in a first area, if the channel feature of the first terminal does not match a preset channel feature of the first area, this indicates that a physical environment in the first area may have changed, resulting in a change in an actual channel feature of the first area. On the basis of first information, a network device can adjust a first area in a channel map to an area matching an actual channel feature, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel map.

Description

Communication methods and communication devices

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202510109541.6, filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on January 21, 2025, entitled "Communication Method and Communication Device", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of communications, specifically to a communication method and a communication device. Background Technology

[0003] A channel map, also known as a channel knowledge map (CKM), is a database used to store channel characteristics. For example, a cell coverage area can be divided into multiple grids, and the channel characteristics such as the channel statistical covariance matrix, angle spectrum, delay spectrum, and path loss within each grid can be stored to obtain a channel map.

[0004] Communication based on channel maps can solve the problems of resource constraints and interference faced by pilot-based measurement channels. For example, by using the candidate beam set at specific locations provided by the channel map, the resource overhead of beam scanning can be reduced, while also reducing the interference of beam scanning to surrounding communication devices.

[0005] Communication based on channel maps relies on the accuracy of the channel maps. As the bandwidth and load of wireless communication systems increase, the requirements for channel measurement in communication devices are also becoming more stringent, and the accuracy of current channel maps is no longer sufficient to meet the requirements of channel measurement. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The embodiments of this application provide a communication method, communication device, communication system, computer-readable storage medium, and computer program product that can improve the accuracy of channel maps.

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a communication method, which can be executed by a network device (e.g., a base station or core network device) or by a chip applied to the network device. The method is described below using a network device as an example. The method includes: acquiring channel characteristics of a first terminal located in a first region; when the channel characteristics of the first terminal do not match preset channel characteristics of the first region, determining first information, which is used to adjust the first region.

[0008] The first region can be a grid in the channel map, and the preset channel characteristics of the first region can be the channel characteristics corresponding to that grid. After the network device measures the channel characteristics of the first terminal in the first region, if the channel characteristics of the first terminal do not match the preset channel characteristics of the first region, it indicates that the physical environment in the first region may have changed, causing a change in the actual channel characteristics of the first region. The network device can adjust the first region in the channel map to match the actual channel characteristics (e.g., the channel characteristics of the first terminal) based on first information (e.g., the identifier of the first region), thereby improving the accuracy of the channel map. The first region can be a region determined based on geographical location (e.g., a physical grid) or a region determined based on channel characteristics (e.g., a virtual grid).

[0009] In an alternative implementation of the first aspect, the first terminal is a terminal whose communication capabilities within a first area do not meet the communication requirements.

[0010] Network devices can reduce the overhead of channel measurement by performing channel measurements on terminals whose communication capabilities do not meet the communication requirements.

[0011] In an optional implementation of the first aspect, the communication capability includes a measured value of the first parameter, the communication requirement includes a target value of the first parameter, and the communication capability not meeting the communication requirement includes: the measured value being greater than or equal to the target value, or the measured value being less than or equal to the target value.

[0012] For example, if the first parameter is the transmission rate, then the communication capability does not meet the communication requirements if the measured value of the transmission rate is less than or equal to the target value; if the first parameter is the transmission delay, then the communication capability does not meet the communication requirements if the measured value of the transmission delay is greater than or equal to the target value. Based on the measured value and the target value of the first parameter, it can be determined whether the communication capability of the first terminal meets the communication requirements.

[0013] In an optional implementation of the first aspect, the target value includes: a weighted average of the values ​​of the first parameters of a plurality of terminals in the first region, or the value of the first parameter of a second terminal in the first region.

[0014] Network devices can use the weighted average of the first parameter values ​​of multiple terminals as the target value, or they can use the first parameter value of a single terminal (e.g., a second terminal) as the target value, thus flexibly adapting to different scenarios.

[0015] In an optional implementation of the first aspect, the method further includes: receiving second information, the second information indicating the detection of preset channel characteristics of a first region; the acquisition of the channel characteristics of the first terminal includes: acquiring the channel characteristics of the first terminal based on the second information.

[0016] In this embodiment, the network device can be a central unit (CU) or a distributed unit (DU), and the second information can be information from a service unit (SU). The CU or DU detects preset channel characteristics of the first area based on the triggering of the second information, eliminating the need to retain the detection logic of the channel map locally, thus reducing the complexity of the CU or DU. Optionally, the network device is a base station, and the second information is information from the core network.

[0017] In an alternative implementation of the first aspect, the second information includes the identifier of the first terminal.

[0018] In this embodiment, the CU or DU only needs to detect the channel characteristics of a specific terminal (e.g., the first terminal) according to the instructions of the SU, without having to determine the first terminal itself, thereby reducing the complexity of the CU or DU. Optionally, the network device can be a base station, and the identifier of the first terminal is information from the core network.

[0019] In an optional implementation of the first aspect, the method further includes: sending third information indicating the communication capabilities of at least one terminal within the first area.

[0020] In this embodiment, the network device can be a CU or DU. The CU or DU can periodically or irregularly send third information to the SU so that the SU can determine whether to send second information (e.g., a channel map detection command). If the communication capability of at least one terminal indicated by the third information meets the communication requirements, the SU may not send the second information; if the communication capability of at least one terminal indicated by the third information does not meet the communication requirements, the SU may send the second information to trigger the CU or DU to acquire the channel characteristics of the first terminal, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel map. Optionally, the network device is a base station, and the third information is information sent by the base station to the core network.

[0021] In an optional implementation of the first aspect, the method further includes: sending first information, the first information including one or more of the following:

[0022] The identifier of the first region, the identifier of at least one terminal associated with the first region, and the channel characteristics of at least one terminal;

[0023] The identifier of the first region, the identifier of the target terminal, and the channel characteristics of the target terminal, wherein the target terminal is the terminal that needs to be de-associated with the first region;

[0024] The identifier of the first region, the adjustment method of the first region, the identifier of at least one terminal corresponding to the adjustment method, and the channel characteristics of the at least one terminal;

[0025] The identifier of the first region, the adjustment method of the first region, and the granularity corresponding to the adjustment method.

[0026] In this embodiment, the network device can be a CU or DU. The CU or DU can send the channel characteristics of at least one terminal in the first area to the SU, which then determines the adjustment method for the first area. This eliminates the need for the CU or DU to calculate the adjustment method for the first area, thus reducing their computational overhead. Alternatively, the CU or DU can provide the adjustment method for the first area to the SU via first information. This eliminates the need for the SU to calculate the adjustment method for the first area, further reducing the computational overhead for the SU in maintaining the channel map. Optionally, the network device is a base station, and the first information is information sent by the base station to the core network.

[0027] In an alternative implementation of the first aspect, the adjustment method includes one or more of the following actions: merging, splitting, deleting, or adding.

[0028] In this embodiment, the network device can be a CU or DU. The CU or DU can send the specific content of the adjustment method to the SU, so the SU does not need to calculate the adjustment method of the first area, thereby reducing the computational overhead of the SU. Optionally, the network device is a base station, which can send the specific content of the adjustment method to the core network.

[0029] In an optional implementation of the first aspect, the method further includes: sending second information, the second information indicating the detection of preset channel characteristics of the first region.

[0030] In this embodiment, the network device can be a Subsystem Unit (SU), and the second information can be information from the SU. The SU triggers a CU or DU to detect preset channel characteristics in the first area through the second information. The CU or DU does not need to retain the detection logic of the channel map locally, which can reduce the complexity of the CU or DU. Optionally, the network device is the core network, and the second information is information from the core network.

[0031] In an alternative implementation of the first aspect, the second information includes the identifier of the first terminal.

[0032] In this embodiment, the CU or DU only needs to detect the channel characteristics of a specific terminal (e.g., the first terminal) according to the instructions of the SU, without having to determine the first terminal itself, thereby reducing the complexity of the CU or DU. Optionally, the network device can be a base station, and the identifier of the first terminal is information from the core network.

[0033] In an optional implementation of the first aspect, the method further includes: receiving third information indicating the communication capabilities of at least one terminal within the first area.

[0034] In this embodiment, the network device can be a Substation (SU). The SU can periodically or irregularly receive third information from the CU or DU and determine whether to send second information (e.g., a channel map detection command) based on the third information. If the communication capability of at least one terminal indicated by the third information meets the communication requirements, the SU may not send the second information; if the communication capability of at least one terminal indicated by the third information does not meet the communication requirements, the SU can send the second information to trigger the CU or DU to acquire the channel characteristics of the first terminal, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel map. Optionally, the network device is a core network device, and the third information is information received by the core network device from the base station.

[0035] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a communication device. The communication device may include a processing unit and a transceiver unit, configured to perform any of the methods described in the first aspect and its optional embodiments. The transceiver unit acts as a sending unit when performing a sending step and as a receiving unit when performing a receiving step.

[0036] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a communication device, which may be a base station or core network equipment, or a chip applied to a base station or core network equipment. The communication device may include a processor for executing any of the methods in the first aspect and its optional embodiments.

[0037] Optionally, the communication device may also include a transceiver. When the communication device is a base station or core network equipment, the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit, an antenna, etc.; when the communication device is a chip used in base station or core network equipment, the transceiver may be an input / output interface, pins, interface circuits, etc.

[0038] Optionally, the communication device may further include a memory for storing computer programs or instructions. The processor executes the computer programs or instructions stored in the memory to cause the communication device to perform any of the methods in the first aspect and its optional embodiments. When the communication device is a base station or core network equipment, the memory may be a read-only memory, random access memory, etc.; when the communication device is a chip applied to a base station or core network equipment, the memory may be a register, cache, etc.

[0039] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a communication system comprising: the communication device described in the first aspect.

[0040] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program or instructions that, when executed on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform any of the methods in the first aspect and its optional embodiments.

[0041] In a sixth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product comprising: a computer program or instructions that, when executed by a communication device, cause the communication device to perform: any of the methods in the first aspect and its optional embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the communication system used in the embodiments of this application;

[0043] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an open wireless access network architecture provided by an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a core network architecture provided by an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a wireless channel digital twin system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 5 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 6 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 7 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 8 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 9 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The technical solutions in this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0054] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the communication system 1000 used in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 1, the communication system includes a radio access network (RAN) 100, wherein the RAN 100 includes at least one RAN node (110a and 110b in Figure 1, collectively referred to as 110), and may also include at least one terminal (120a-120j in Figure 1, collectively referred to as 120). The RAN 100 may also include other RAN nodes, such as wireless relay devices and / or wireless backhaul devices (not shown in Figure 1). The terminal 120 is wirelessly connected to the RAN node 110. Terminals and RAN nodes can be interconnected via wired or wireless means. The communication system 1000 may also include a core network 200. The RAN node 110 is connected to the core network 200 via wireless or wired means. The core network equipment in core network 200 and the RAN node 110 in RAN 100 can be independent and different physical devices, or they can be the same physical device that integrates the logical functions of the core network equipment and the logical functions of the RAN node. Communication system 1000 may also include Internet 300.

[0055] RAN 100 can be an evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA) system, a new radio (NR) system, or a future radio access system as defined in the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP), or it can be a Wi-Fi system. RAN 100 can also include two or more of the above-mentioned different radio access systems. RAN 100 can also be an open RAN (O-RAN).

[0056] RAN nodes, also known as network devices, wireless access network devices, RAN entities, or access nodes, are used to help terminals access communication systems wirelessly.

[0057] In one application scenario, a RAN node can be a base station, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), a transmission reception point (TRP), or a fifth-generation (5G) RAN node. thNext-generation NodeBs (gNBs) in 5G mobile communication systems, base stations in future communication networks, access points (APs) in Wi-Fi systems, APs in long-range radio (LoRa) systems, or APs in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) systems. RAN nodes can be macro base stations (as shown in Figure 1, 110a), micro base stations or indoor stations (as shown in Figure 1, 110b), or relay nodes or donor nodes.

[0058] In another application scenario, multiple RAN nodes can collaborate to help terminals achieve wireless access, with different RAN nodes implementing different functions of the base station. For example, a RAN node can be a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), or a radio unit (RU). The CU performs the functions of the base station's radio resource control (RRC) protocol and packet data convergence protocol (PDCP), and can also perform the functions of the service data adaptation protocol (SDAP). The DU performs the functions of the base station's radio link control (RLC) layer and medium access control (MAC) layer, and can also perform some or all of the physical (PHY) layer functions. For specific descriptions of these protocol layers, refer to the relevant 3GPP technical specifications. The RU can be used to implement radio frequency signal transmission and reception. The CU and DU can be set up as two independent RAN nodes, or integrated into the same RAN node, for example, integrated into the baseband unit (BBU). RUs can be included in radio frequency equipment, such as remote radio units (RRUs), active antenna units (AAUs), or remote radio heads (RRHs). CUs can be further divided into two types of RAN nodes: central unit control plane (CU-CP) and central unit user plane (CU-UP).

[0059] In different systems, RAN nodes may have different names. For example, in an O-RAN system, a CU can be called an open CU (O-CU), a DU can be called an open DU (O-DU), and a RU can be called an open RU (O-RU).

[0060] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an O-RAN architecture provided by an embodiment of this application.

[0061] As shown in Figure 2, the O-RAN includes O-CU, O-DU, and O-RU. Optionally, the O-CU and O-DU can be integrated into the BBU. The BBU and O-RU can be co-located or non-co-located. The O-CU can communicate with the core network via a backhaul link, the O-CU and O-DU can communicate via a midhaul link, the O-DU and O-RU can communicate via a fronthaul link, and the O-RU can communicate with the user equipment (UE) via an air interface.

[0062] Optionally, the O-RAN may include a service unit (SU) for managing the channel map. The SU may be a standalone functional module or a functional module integrated into the O-CU. This application does not limit the specific form of the SU.

[0063] The RAN node in the embodiments of this application can be implemented through software modules, hardware modules, or a combination of software and hardware modules. For example, the RAN node can be a server loaded with the corresponding software module. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technology or device form used in the RAN node. For ease of description, a base station is used as an example of a RAN node in the following description.

[0064] A terminal is a device with wireless transceiver capabilities, capable of sending signals to or receiving signals from a base station. Terminals are also known as terminal equipment, user interface (UE), mobile station, mobile terminal, etc. Terminals can be widely used in various scenarios, such as device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), Internet of Things (IoT), virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, smart grids, smart furniture, smart offices, smart wearables, intelligent transportation, and smart cities. The terminal can be a mobile phone (as shown in Figure 1, 120a, 120e, 120f, and 120j), a tablet computer (as shown in Figure 1, 120g), a printer with wireless transceiver capabilities (as shown in Figure 1, 120h), a wearable device, a vehicle (as shown in Figure 1, 120b), a charging station (as shown in Figure 1, 120c), an airplane (as shown in Figure 1, 120i), a ship, a robot, a robotic arm, a smart home device (as shown in Figure 1, 120d), etc. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technology or device form used in the terminal.

[0065] By way of example and not limitation, in the embodiments of this application, wearable devices may also be referred to as wearable smart devices. This is a general term for devices that utilize wearable technology to intelligently design and develop everyday wearables, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing, and shoes. Wearable devices are portable devices that are worn directly on the body or integrated into a user's clothing or accessories. Wearable devices are not merely hardware devices, but also achieve powerful functions through software support, data interaction, and cloud interaction. In a broad sense, wearable smart devices include fully functional, large-sized electronic devices that can achieve complete or partial functionality without relying on a smartphone, such as smartwatches or smart glasses, or electronic devices that focus on a specific application function and require cooperation with other devices such as smartphones, such as various smart bracelets and smart jewelry for measuring vital signs.

[0066] All the terminals described above, if located in a vehicle (e.g., placed inside or installed inside a vehicle), can be considered vehicle-mounted terminals. Vehicle-mounted terminals can also be called vehicle modules, vehicle components, vehicle chips, or on-board units (OBU).

[0067] Base stations and terminals can be fixed or mobile. They can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; they can also be deployed on water; and they can be deployed on aircraft, balloons, and satellites. The embodiments of this application do not limit the application scenarios of the base stations and terminals.

[0068] The roles of base stations and terminals can be relative. For example, 120i in Figure 1 (which could be a helicopter or a drone) can be configured as a mobile base station. For those 120j accessing the wireless access network 100 via 120i, 120i is a base station; however, for 110a, 120i is a terminal. That is, 110a and 120i communicate via a wireless air interface protocol. Of course, 110a and 120i can also communicate via a base station-to-base station interface protocol. In this case, 120i is also a base station relative to 110a. Therefore, both base stations and terminals can be collectively referred to as communication devices. 110a and 110b in Figure 1 can be called communication devices with base station functions, and 120a-120j in Figure 1 can be called communication devices with terminal functions.

[0069] Communication between base stations and terminals, between base stations, and between terminals can be conducted using licensed spectrum, unlicensed spectrum, or both simultaneously. Communication can be conducted using spectrum below 6 GHz, spectrum above 6 GHz, or both simultaneously. The embodiments of this application do not limit the spectrum resources used for wireless communication.

[0070] In the embodiments of this application, the functions of the base station can be executed by modules (such as chips) within the base station, or by a control subsystem that includes base station functions. This control subsystem, including base station functions, can be a control center in the aforementioned application scenarios such as smart grids, industrial control, intelligent transportation, and smart cities. Similarly, the functions of the terminal can be executed by modules (such as chips or modems) within the terminal, or by a device that includes terminal functions.

[0071] The core network 200 primarily provides user connectivity, user management, and service transport, and serves as the bearer network to provide interfaces to external networks (e.g., the Internet 300). The following is a brief introduction to the core network 200, using the service-based architecture (SBA) shown in Figure 3 as an example. It should be noted that the UE and RAN shown in Figure 3 are for ease of description of the interface between the core network 200 and external devices or networks; the UE and RAN are not actually part of the core network 200.

[0072] SBA primarily manifests in the control plane. The essence of SBA is to define network functions as several flexibly invoked "service" modules based on the three principles of "self-containment, reusability, and independent management." Based on this, operators can flexibly customize their networks according to business needs. Interaction between network functions is achieved through service calls; each network function presents a common service interface that can be invoked by authorized network functions or services.

[0073] As shown in Figure 3, the core network 200 includes access and mobility management function (AMF), location management function (LMF), sensing function (SF), and map management function (MMF).

[0074] AMF, LMF, SF, and MMF can be referred to as core network elements or core network devices. These network elements or devices can be independent hardware devices, modules that integrate different functions into the same hardware device, software functions that run on dedicated hardware, or virtualization functions that are instantiated on a cloud platform. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific form of the above-mentioned networks or devices.

[0075] The network elements in Figure 3 are briefly introduced below.

[0076] AMF, also known as Mobility Management Device, is the name for the mobility management network element in the 5G core network (5GC). AMF mainly includes the following functions: connection management, mobility management, registration management, access authentication and authorization, reachability management, security context management, and other access and mobility-related functions. AMF can function as a data forwarding or routing device between the RAN and LMF, SF, or MMF.

[0077] LMF is the name of the network element that provides control plane positioning functionality in 5GC. LMF is mainly used to calculate and feedback location information in the 5G network, providing functions such as positioning process management, terminal capability acquisition, auxiliary data provision, and terminal location estimation.

[0078] SF is the name of the network element responsible for sensing control and sensing measurement data processing in 5GC. SF is a module closely related to sensing functions and can be called a sensing network element, sensing network device, or sensing management function (SeMF). The main functions of SF include processing sensing measurement data from 3GPP sensing devices and processing sensing measurement data from non-3GPP sensing devices. SF can be deployed independently (as shown in Figure 3) or combined with 5GC network elements (such as AMF or LMF) according to sensing requirements.

[0079] MMF is the name of the network element that provides channel map management functions in 5GC. MMF is mainly used to build and update channel maps, as well as to associate grids with scatterers. MMF can be deployed independently (as shown in Figure 3), or it can be deployed in combination with 5GC network elements (such as AMF) according to channel map management requirements.

[0080] In Figure 3, Uu, N1, and N2 are interface names. Namf is the service interface corresponding to AMF, Nlmf is the service interface corresponding to LMF, Nsf is the service interface corresponding to SF, and Nmmf is the service interface corresponding to MMF. The meanings of these interfaces shown in Figure 3 can be found in the relevant definitions in the 3GPP standard protocols.

[0081] The network architecture described above is merely an illustrative example. The network architecture applicable to the embodiments of this application is not limited to this. Any network architecture that includes the functions of the above-described network elements is applicable to the embodiments of this application.

[0082] The names of the aforementioned network elements are defined solely for the purpose of distinguishing different functions and should not constitute any limitation on this application. This application does not preclude the possibility of using other names in 5G networks and other future networks. For example, in future communication networks, some or all of the aforementioned network elements may use the terminology from 5G, or they may use other names. The aforementioned interface names are also just examples; in specific implementations, the interface names may be different, and this application does not specifically limit them.

[0083] As the vision of "ubiquitous intelligence and digital twins" gradually becomes an industry consensus, new services and new scenarios are placing higher demands on mobile communications, and digital twin technology will play an important role in the future evolution of networks.

[0084] Digital twins, as an important technology for depicting, simulating, optimizing, and visualizing the physical world in the information world, have become a global focus since their inception. The concept of a digital twin involves creating a corresponding multi-dimensional, multi-scale, and multi-physical virtual entity in the digital world for physical entities, using digital methods to depict, analyze, understand, and optimize the attributes, behaviors, and rules of the physical entity.

[0085] As an electromagnetic physical entity, wireless channels have the characteristics that "their form cannot be seen directly", "their features cannot be touched directly", and "their effects cannot be directly identified". Therefore, it is urgent to introduce digital twin technology to create digital twin models of wireless channels to support the visualization analysis, system design, testing, verification, operation, maintenance and management of wireless channels.

[0086] In the context of digital twins for wireless networks, by combining wireless channel models with digital twin technology, a virtual twin of the wireless channel can be constructed, establishing an iterative evolution loop of "constructing the virtual from the real" and "guiding the real with the virtual".

[0087] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a wireless channel digital twin system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0088] The physical space, as the "real" part, includes the physical layer, data layer, model layer, and application layer. The physical layer mainly focuses on the objects of wireless channel digital twins, including the geometric, electromagnetic, and other multi-physics characteristics of the physical space; the data layer mainly consists of multi-dimensional channel data such as time, space, frequency, and polarization measured in the physical space, which is the main data source for digital twins; the model layer models the information from the data layer, including redundancy and noise reduction, multipath extraction, and characteristic characterization of channel data; the application layer mainly includes the specific decision-making applications of wireless channel digital twin technology, such as providing optimal decisions for the optimization, operation, maintenance, and upgrading of wireless networks in the physical space through digital space extrapolation and prediction, realizing virtual-to-real guidance.

[0089] By utilizing 3D scene modeling technology and medium electromagnetic parameter acquisition technology, we can perform geometric electromagnetic representation and modeling of physical space, build a bridge between the "real" and the "virtual", and realize the construction of the virtual from the real.

[0090] As a "virtual" part, the digital space uses geometric and electromagnetic information from the physical space to construct a precise and real-time wireless channel twin. The prediction and inference results of the wireless channel twin are then transmitted back to the physical space, realizing a closed loop from data acquisition in the physical space to prediction, analysis, optimization, and control in the digital space, providing powerful guidance for decision-making and actions in the physical world.

[0091] Digital twins of wireless channels rely on accurate channel modeling. Currently, geometry-based statistical models (GBSM) and ray tracing (RT) are commonly used channel modeling methods. GBSM simulates the propagation characteristics of wireless channels using geometric parameters and statistical methods, and is suitable for channel modeling in various scenarios. RT, on the other hand, can accurately simulate complex propagation mechanisms of radio waves, such as direct propagation, reflection, scattering, and diffraction, and is suitable for complex scenarios such as urban areas and indoor environments.

[0092] During channel modeling, the cell coverage area can be divided into multiple physical grids based on geographical location (as shown in Figure 4). Channel characteristics such as the channel statistical covariance matrix, angle spectrum, delay spectrum, and path loss within each physical grid are stored to obtain a channel map. Alternatively, the cell coverage area can be divided into multiple virtual grids based on the terminal's channel characteristics (not shown in Figure 4), where terminals within each virtual grid have the same or similar channel characteristics. The channel characteristics corresponding to each physical or virtual grid can be stored in the channel map in the form of matrices, vectors, or scalars. For simplicity, in the following text, if a grid can be either a physical or virtual grid, the distinction between physical and virtual grids will not be made.

[0093] Communication based on channel maps relies on the accuracy of the channel maps. As the bandwidth and load of wireless communication systems increase, the requirements for channel measurement in communication devices are also becoming more stringent, and the accuracy of current channel maps is no longer sufficient to meet the requirements of channel measurement.

[0094] For example, if the physical environment (such as terrain, vegetation, or buildings) in which the channel map is constructed changes, the propagation characteristics of the wireless channel will also change accordingly, and continuing to communicate according to the previous channel map will lead to a decline in communication quality.

[0095] For example, when constructing a channel map, it is necessary to fully measure the channel characteristics of each point. If the number of measurement points and the measurement time are insufficient, some points with channel abrupt changes and surrounding points will be grouped into the same grid, resulting in excessive channel differences within that grid.

[0096] For example, if the measurement terminals used to construct the channel map are not representative, it will also lead to a decrease in the accuracy of the channel map.

[0097] The following describes a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. This method can be executed by a network device (e.g., a base station or core network device) or by a chip applied to the network device. As shown in Figure 5, method 500 includes the following:

[0098] S510, Obtain the channel characteristics of the first terminal, the first terminal is located in the first area.

[0099] The first terminal can be any terminal shown in Figure 1. The channel characteristics of the first terminal include, for example, the channel statistical covariance matrix, angle spectrum, time delay spectrum, and path loss. This application embodiment does not limit the first terminal or its channel characteristics. Furthermore, the channel characteristics in S510 refer to the actual channel characteristics of the first terminal (also known as "current channel characteristics" or "channel characteristics obtained from the most recent measurement").

[0100] The first region can be a physical grid in the channel map, which can be a two-dimensional region or a three-dimensional space. The dashed squares shown in Figure 4 are an example of a two-dimensional region. The virtual space shown in Figure 4 can also be divided into multiple subspaces, each of which can also be called a grid. The first region can also be a virtual grid in the channel map, that is, a region containing terminals with the same or similar channel characteristics. The actual locations of these terminals may or may not be adjacent. A channel map based on a virtual grid can hide the user's actual location, protecting user privacy.

[0101] Network devices can periodically or irregularly acquire the actual channel characteristics of the first terminal. The first terminal can be any terminal within the first area, or it can be a terminal within the first area whose communication capabilities do not meet the communication requirements.

[0102] There may be multiple terminals within the first region. If the communication capabilities of some terminals do not meet the communication requirements, it indicates that the channel map does not match the actual channel characteristics of the locations of these terminals. For example, the locations of these terminals may be channel abrupt change points. Therefore, channel measurements can be performed on terminals within the first region whose communication capabilities do not meet the communication requirements, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel map while reducing the overhead of channel measurements.

[0103] The following describes how network devices determine the communication capabilities of the first terminal before executing S510.

[0104] The communication capability of the first terminal can be measured using a first parameter, which may be a transmission rate or a transmission delay. The network device can measure the first parameter of the first terminal, obtain the measured value of the first parameter, and compare the measured value with the target value to determine whether the communication capability of the first terminal meets the communication requirements.

[0105] Depending on the first parameter, the methods for determining whether the communication capability of the first terminal meets the communication requirements also differ.

[0106] For example, if the first parameter is the transmission rate, when the measured value of the transmission rate is less than or equal to the target value, it can be determined that the communication capability of the first terminal does not meet the communication requirements; when the measured value of the transmission rate is greater than the target value, it can be determined that the communication capability of the first terminal meets the communication requirements.

[0107] For example, if the first parameter is transmission delay, when the measured value of transmission delay is less than or equal to the target value, it can be determined that the communication capability of the first terminal meets the communication requirements; when the measured value of transmission rate is greater than the target value, it can be determined that the communication capability of the first terminal does not meet the communication requirements.

[0108] Network devices can also determine whether the communication capability of a first terminal meets the communication requirements based on multiple first parameters.

[0109] For example, the first parameter includes parameter A, parameter B, and parameter C. After comparing the measured value of each parameter with the target value, a score is determined based on the comparison result. The score of each parameter is multiplied by its corresponding weight to obtain a total score. Based on this total score, it is determined whether the communication capability of the first terminal meets the communication requirements.

[0110] Optionally, the target value may be the value of the first parameter of a single terminal in the first region, or it may be the weighted average of the values ​​of the first parameters of multiple terminals in the first region, or it may be a value determined based on theoretical calculation or experience. This application embodiment does not limit this.

[0111] The following describes how the network device triggers the execution of S510 after determining the communication capabilities of the first terminal.

[0112] Taking S510 as an example, after the CU or DU determines the communication capability of the first terminal, it can send third information to the SU. The third information indicates the communication capability of at least one terminal in the first area. The at least one terminal may or may not include the first terminal.

[0113] For example, the third information may include the identifier of at least one terminal in the first area whose communication capabilities meet the requirements, or the third information may include the identifier of at least one terminal in the first area whose communication capabilities do not meet the requirements. After receiving the third information, the SU can determine the proportion of terminals in the first area whose communication capabilities meet the requirements based on the third information and the number of terminals in the first area. If the proportion exceeds a first threshold, the SU may not trigger the CU or DU to detect the preset channel characteristics of the first area; if the proportion is lower than the first threshold, the SU can trigger the CU or DU to detect the preset channel characteristics of the first area, that is, the SU can send the second information to trigger the CU or DU to execute S510 to improve the accuracy of the channel map.

[0114] Taking SU executing S510 as an example, SU can receive third information from CU or DU, and determine the proportion of terminals in the first area whose communication capabilities meet the requirements based on the third information and the number of terminals in the first area. If the proportion exceeds a first threshold, SU may not detect the preset channel characteristics of the first area; if the proportion is lower than the first threshold, SU can detect the preset channel characteristics of the first area, that is, SU can send second information to trigger CU or DU to measure the actual channel characteristics of the first terminal, and obtain the actual channel characteristics of the first terminal from CU or DU to determine whether the actual channel characteristics of the first terminal match the preset channel characteristics of the first area.

[0115] Taking the MMF executing S510 as an example, after receiving the third information from the base station, the MMF can determine the proportion of terminals in the first area whose communication capabilities meet the requirements based on the third information and the number of terminals in the first area. If this proportion exceeds a first threshold, the MMF may not trigger the base station to detect the preset channel characteristics of the first area; if this proportion is lower than the first threshold, the MMF can trigger the base station to detect the preset channel characteristics of the first area. That is, the MMF can send the second information to trigger the base station to measure the actual channel characteristics of the first terminal and obtain the actual channel characteristics of the first terminal from the base station to determine whether the actual channel characteristics of the first terminal match the preset channel characteristics of the first area.

[0116] Optionally, the network device can obtain the actual channel characteristics of the first terminal on its own, or it can obtain the actual channel characteristics of the first terminal based on instructions.

[0117] For example, the MMF can determine the first terminal from multiple terminals within the first area based on its own logic, and write the identifier of the first terminal into the second information. It then instructs the base station to obtain the actual channel characteristics of the first terminal and report these characteristics to the MMF, so that the MMF can determine whether the preset channel characteristics of the first area are accurate based on the actual channel characteristics of the first terminal. The MMF can also determine the first terminal from multiple terminals within the first area based on instructions from maintenance personnel.

[0118] For example, for the CU or DU, the CU or DU can obtain the actual channel characteristics of the first terminal based on the instructions of the SU (e.g., the second information), or based on the instructions of the maintenance personnel. After receiving the instructions, the CU or DU can execute S510 according to the instructions to detect the preset channel characteristics of the first area. This eliminates the need to retain the detection logic of the channel map locally, thus reducing the complexity of the CU or DU.

[0119] After obtaining the actual channel characteristics of the first terminal, the network device can perform the following steps.

[0120] S520, when the channel characteristics (i.e., actual channel characteristics) of the first terminal do not match the preset channel characteristics of the first region, first information is determined, and the first information is used to adjust the first region.

[0121] The preset channel characteristics of the first region can be the channel characteristics corresponding to the grids of the channel map. After the network device measures the actual channel characteristics of the first terminal in the first region, if the actual channel characteristics of the first terminal do not match the preset channel characteristics of the first region, it indicates that the physical environment in the first region may have changed, causing a change in the actual channel characteristics of the first region. The network device can adjust the first region in the channel map to match the actual channel characteristics (e.g., the identifier of the first region) based on the first information (e.g., the identifier of the first region), thereby improving the accuracy of the channel map. How to determine whether the actual channel characteristics of the first terminal match the preset channel characteristics of the first region will be described after the adjustment method is introduced.

[0122] Taking the execution of S520 by the CU or DU as an example, after determining the first information, the CU or DU can send the first information to the SU. After receiving the first information, the SU can adjust the first region according to the actual channel characteristics of the first region. In this case, the first information is information generated by the CU or DU, such as the identifier of the first region.

[0123] Optionally, the first information may also include the adjustment method for the first region. After the CU or DU determines the adjustment method for the first region, it can send the adjustment method to the SU. The SU updates the channel map based on the adjustment method. In this way, the SU does not need to calculate the adjustment method for the first region, thereby reducing the computational overhead of the SU in maintaining the channel map.

[0124] Taking the SU executing S520 as an example, after the SU receives the identifier of the first region and the adjustment method of the first region from the CU or DU, it can adjust the first region according to the adjustment method. In this case, the first information is the information received by the SU from the CU or DU, such as the identifier of the first region and the adjustment method of the first region.

[0125] Taking the MMF executing S520 as an example, after receiving the identifier of the first region and the actual channel characteristics of the first terminal from the base station, the MMF can adjust the first region according to the actual channel characteristics of the first terminal. In this case, the first information is the information generated by the MMF, such as the adjustment method of the first region.

[0126] Optionally, the MMF or SU can obtain the location of each terminal in the first area from the LMF or SF, and determine the adjustment method of the first area based on the location of each terminal and the actual channel characteristics of each terminal.

[0127] Below, we will introduce several examples of first messages, taking the CU or DU as examples of sending the first message.

[0128] Example 1. The first information includes: the identifier (ID) of the first area, the identifier of at least one terminal associated with the first area, and the channel characteristics of at least one terminal.

[0129] When the first information is presented in tabular form, it is as shown in Table 1.

[0130] Table 1

[0131] In Table 1, "Terminal ID" represents the identifier of at least one terminal associated with the first region. After the CU or DU sends Table 1 to the SU, the SU determines, based on the content in the "Channel Characteristics" column, that the channel characteristics of the first terminal do not match the channel map of the first region (e.g., preset channel characteristics). The SU can then adjust the first region; for example, the SU can delete the ID of the first terminal from the channel map of the first region, thereby canceling the association between the first terminal and the first region, and the first terminal will no longer use the channel map of the first region for communication. Optionally, the SU can also add the ID of the first terminal to the channel map of the second region, where the channel characteristics of the first terminal match the channel map of the second region.

[0132] If the channel characteristics of the second terminal match the channel map of the first region, then SU ​​can retain the ID of the second terminal in the channel map of the first region.

[0133] Example 2. The first information includes: the identifier of the first area, the identifier of the target terminal, and the channel characteristics of the target terminal, wherein the target terminal is the terminal that needs to be de-associated with the first area.

[0134] When the first information is presented in tabular form, it is as shown in Table 2 or Table 3.

[0135] Table 2

[0136] In Table 2, "Terminal ID" represents the identifier of at least one terminal that needs to be disconnected from the first region. After the CU or DU sends Table 2 to the SU, the SU determines, based on the content in the "Terminal ID" column, that the channel characteristics of the first terminal do not match the channel map of the first region (e.g., preset channel characteristics). The SU can then delete the ID of the first terminal from the channel map of the first region, thereby disconnecting the first terminal from the first region. The first terminal will no longer use the channel map of the first region for communication. Optionally, the SU can also add the ID of the first terminal to the channel map of the second region based on the content in the "Channel Characteristics" column, where the channel characteristics of the first terminal match the channel map of the second region.

[0137] Example 3. The first information includes: the identifier of the first area, the adjustment method of the first area, the identifier of at least one terminal corresponding to the adjustment method, and the channel characteristics of the at least one terminal.

[0138] When the first information is presented in tabular form, it is as shown in Table 3.

[0139] Table 3

[0140] In Table 3, "Action" indicates the adjustment method that needs to be performed on the first region, and "Terminal ID" indicates the identifier of the terminal associated with the "Action".

[0141] For example, when the "Action" includes merging, the SU can merge the region (all or part of the first region) where the first terminal is located with the second region based on the contents of the "Terminal ID" column, where the second region is a region that matches the channel characteristics of the first terminal. Optionally, the second region is determined by the SU based on the "Channel Characteristics" column, or the second region can be indicated by the CU or DU in Table 3 (the SU needs to send the channel maps of multiple regions to the CU or DU in advance).

[0142] For example, when the "action" includes segmentation, the SU can segment the region (a portion of the first region) where the first terminal is located based on the content of the "Terminal ID" column. Optionally, when the "action" also includes addition, the SU can treat the segmented region as a new region, assign a region ID to the new region, and the channel map of the new region can be the channel characteristics of the first terminal. Optionally, when the "action" also includes deletion, the SU can directly delete the segmented region. Optionally, when the "action" also includes merging, the SU can merge the segmented region with other regions (such as the second region described in the previous paragraph).

[0143] For example, when the "action" includes deletion, SU can delete the area (all or part of the first area) where the first terminal is located based on the contents of the "Terminal ID" column. If the entire first area is deleted, SU can delete the entire channel map of the first area; if part of the first area is deleted, SU can delete the ID of the first terminal from the channel map of the first area.

[0144] Example 4. The first piece of information includes: the identifier of the first region, the adjustment method of the first region, and the granularity corresponding to the adjustment method.

[0145] When the first information is presented in tabular form, it is as shown in Table 4.

[0146] Table 4

[0147] In Table 4, "Actions" indicates the adjustment methods that need to be performed on the first region. The meanings of these actions are the same as in Table 3 and will not be repeated. In Table 4, dimensions and coordinates apply to adjustments of the physical grid, while the number of terminals applies to adjustments of either the physical or virtual grid. The CU or DU can directly send the granularity of the region to be processed in the first region to the SU.

[0148] When "Granularity" includes size, SketchUp can perform actions on the first region based on the content of the "Action" column. For example, SketchUp can merge the first region with other regions (such as the second region mentioned above), and the merged region meets the size indicated by the "Granularity" column; or, SketchUp can split the first region, and the split region meets the size indicated by the "Granularity" column; or, SketchUp can delete a portion of the first region, and the deleted first region meets the size indicated by the "Granularity" column; or, SketchUp can add an area to the first region, and the added first region meets the size indicated by the "Granularity" column.

[0149] When "Granularity" includes coordinates, SketchUp can perform actions on the first region based on the contents of the "Action" column. For example, SketchUp can merge a portion of the first region with other regions (such as the second region mentioned above), where the coordinates of the merged portion are the coordinates indicated by the "Granularity" column; or, SketchUp can split the first region, where the coordinates of the split position are the coordinates indicated by the "Granularity" column; or, SketchUp can delete a portion of the first region, where the coordinates of the deleted region are the coordinates indicated by the "Granularity" column; or, SketchUp can add an area to the first region, where the coordinates of the added area are the coordinates indicated by the "Granularity" column.

[0150] When "Granularity" includes size and coordinates, SU performs an action on the first region based on the contents of the "Action" column. The process or result of this action satisfies the size and coordinates indicated by the "Granularity" column.

[0151] In the absence of logical contradictions, Tables 1 to 4 can coexist. For example, the CU or DU can send Tables 2 and 3 to the SU, instructing the SU to delete the ID of the first terminal from the channel map of the first area and perform an action on the first area, the granularity of which can be determined by the SU; or, the CU or DU can send Tables 2, 3, and 4 to the SU, instructing the SU to delete the ID of the first terminal from the channel map of the first area and perform an action on the first area according to the granularity of Table 4.

[0152] Furthermore, all or part of the content in Tables 1 to 4 above can be merged into a single table, provided that the merged table does not contain duplicate content. For example, Tables 3 and 4 can be merged into one table, as shown in Table 5.

[0153] Table 5

[0154] Table 5 adds a "Granularity" column compared to Table 3, but does not include the "Region ID" and "Action" columns from Table 4, as these are duplicates.

[0155] It should also be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the first area mentioned above can be either a physical grid or a virtual grid. The following examples illustrate the differences between actions performed on physical grids and virtual grids.

[0156] Alternatively, the above adjustment methods may include: splitting and / or merging.

[0157] For example, the first region is a physical grid. When there are points within the first region whose actual channel characteristics do not match the channel map (e.g., channel abrupt change points), these channel abrupt change points can be separated from the first region. The separated channel abrupt change points can exist as a new region. Optionally, if the channel abrupt change points are adjacent to the second region (another example of a physical grid), and the channel characteristics of these channel abrupt change points are similar to those of the second region, then these channel abrupt change points can be merged with the second region.

[0158] Alternatively, the above adjustments can be made by deleting and / or merging.

[0159] For example, the first region is a virtual grid. When the preset channel characteristics corresponding to the first region do not match the actual channel characteristics of the first terminal, the network device can delete the first region and construct a new region based on the actual channel characteristics of the first terminal. Optionally, if the actual channel characteristics of the first terminal are the same as or approximately the same as the preset channel characteristics of the second region (another example of a virtual grid), the network device can merge the first region and the second region.

[0160] Optionally, the above adjustment methods may also include: adjusting the size, coordinates, or number of terminals of the first region.

[0161] For example, the first area is a physical grid. When the physical environment within the first area changes, the network device can adjust the size or coordinates of the first area to match the size or coordinates of the new physical environment.

[0162] For example, if the first region is a virtual grid, when the physical environment corresponding to the first region becomes more complex (e.g., some buildings are newly built), the network device can adjust the number of terminals associated with the first region to a smaller value (an example of granularity); when the physical environment corresponding to the first region becomes more homogeneous (e.g., some buildings are demolished), the network device can adjust the number of terminals associated with the first region to a larger value (another example of granularity).

[0163] Optionally, the above adjustment method may also include: associating at least one terminal in the first area to the adjusted area.

[0164] For example, if the first area is a physical grid, after adjusting the first area, if the first terminal is still located within the first area, the network device retains the association between the first terminal and the first area, that is, the first terminal can still use the preset channel characteristics of the first area for communication; if the first terminal is located outside the first area, the network device can delete the association between the first terminal and the first area, that is, the first terminal will no longer use the preset channel characteristics of the first area for communication; if the first terminal falls into the second area (another example of a physical grid), the network device can save the association between the first terminal and the second area, that is, the first terminal can use the preset channel characteristics of the second area for communication.

[0165] For example, if the first region is a virtual grid, and after adjusting the first region, if the preset channel characteristics of the first region do not match the actual channel characteristics of the first terminal, the network device can cancel the association between the first terminal and the channel characteristics of the first region. That is, the first terminal can still use the preset channel characteristics of the first region to communicate. If the actual channel characteristics of the first terminal match the preset channel characteristics of the second region (another example of a virtual grid), the network device can save the association between the first terminal and the second region. That is, the first terminal can use the preset channel characteristics of the second region to communicate.

[0166] The following is an example of a method for determining whether the actual channel characteristics of the first terminal match the preset channel characteristics of the first area.

[0167] Optionally, the matching of multiple channel features can be determined based on whether there is a mathematical correlation (e.g., linear correlation) between the channel features. If there is a mathematical correlation between the actual channel features of the first terminal and the preset channel features of the first region, then the two can be determined to match; if there is no mathematical correlation between the actual channel features of the first terminal and the preset channel features of the first region, then the two can be determined to not match.

[0168] The following optional methods can be used to determine whether there is a mathematical correlation between channel features.

[0169] Method 1: For channel feature data X (e.g., the actual channel features of the first terminal) and channel feature data Y (e.g., the preset channel features of the first region), process them into a series of linear data X' and Y', and then calculate the Pearson correlation coefficient r based on X' and Y'; if r = 1 or -1, it means that the two series of linear data have a linear correlation, and if r = 0, it means that there is no linear correlation.

[0170] If there is a linear correlation between channel feature data X and channel feature data Y, then they are considered a match; if there is no linear correlation between channel feature data X and channel feature data Y, then they are considered a mismatch.

[0171] Method 2: For channel feature data X (e.g., the actual channel features of the first terminal) and channel feature data Y (e.g., the preset channel features of the first region), calculate the Euclidean distance (or cosine distance, Manhattan distance, or Mahalanobis distance, etc.); then, based on the Euclidean distance (or cosine distance, Manhattan distance, or Mahalanobis distance, etc.), determine whether there is a correlation between channel feature data X and channel feature data Y. Existing methods such as Euclidean distance can be used to determine the correlation; details will not be elaborated here.

[0172] If there is a correlation between channel feature data X and channel feature data Y, then they are considered a match; if there is no correlation between channel feature data X and channel feature data Y, then they are considered a mismatch.

[0173] Method 3: First, use channel matrix A to calculate its eigenvector S; then project channel matrix B onto eigenvector S, and use the coefficients obtained from the projection to reconstruct channel matrix B, obtaining the reconstructed channel matrix B′; finally, compare the correlation between B and B′. Here, channel matrix A represents the actual channel characteristics of the first terminal, and channel matrix B represents the preset channel characteristics of the first region. Details are as follows:

[0174] Step 1: Calculate the eigenvector S of the channel matrix A.

[0175] For example, first calculate the channel covariance R of A, R = A * A H A H Let R be the conjugate matrix of A, and * is the multiplication sign; then perform singular value decomposition on R to obtain the eigenvectors S.

[0176] Step 2: Project the channel matrix B onto the eigenvector S to obtain the projection coefficients C, C = pinv(S)*B, where pinv() is a function to find the pseudo-inverse matrix or the inverse matrix.

[0177] Step 3: Reconstruct the channel matrix B to obtain the reconstructed channel matrix B′, B′=S*C.

[0178] If B and B ′ If they are correlated, the actual channel characteristics of the first terminal match the preset channel characteristics of the first region; if B and B′ are not correlated, the actual channel characteristics of the first terminal do not match the preset channel characteristics of the first region.

[0179] The method 500 has been described in detail above. Below, taking SU-dominated grid adjustment as an example, and referring to Figure 6, we will introduce the communication method 600 provided by the embodiment of this application.

[0180] S610, SU sends key performance indicator (KPI) reporting instructions to CU and / or DU.

[0181] The KPI reporting command is used to instruct the CU and / or DU to report the KPI information of each terminal.

[0182] For example, SU can send a KPI reporting instruction to CU, and CU can collect the KPI information stored by each DU and the KPI information stored by itself, package these KPI information and send them to SU.

[0183] Optionally, the KPI reporting command can trigger the CU to report KPI information once, or the CU can be configured to report KPI information periodically.

[0184] S620, CU and / or DU send key performance indicator (KPI) information of each terminal to SU.

[0185] Optionally, KPI information includes: transmission rate, modulation and coding scheme (MCS), service tidal characteristics (e.g., service type during working hours and service type outside working hours), packet size, transmission delay jitter, and application type (e.g., full buffer packet or burst packet).

[0186] The DU can measure the KPI information of each terminal connected to the DU, or the DU can instruct each terminal connected to the DU to report its own KPI information.

[0187] After receiving the KPI information from each terminal, the SU can save the KPI information in the channel map. Optionally, the format of the KPI information in the channel map is shown in Table 6.

[0188] Table 6

[0189] SU can compare the KPI information of each terminal with the grid KPI threshold to determine whether the terminal's communication capability meets the communication requirements. Here, KPI information refers to an example of the measured value of the first parameter, and the KPI threshold refers to an example of the target value of the first parameter. Optionally, the KPI threshold can be a weighted average of the KPI information of each terminal within a grid, or it can be the KPI information of a single terminal within the same grid.

[0190] For example, when the service tidal characteristics are the same (e.g., the services of each terminal are all live broadcast services during non-working hours), the packet size is the same, and the application type is the same (e.g., the services of each terminal are all applications that generate full buffer packets), SU can compare the transmission rate measurement value of each terminal with the transmission rate threshold, or SU can compare the MCS measurement value of each terminal with the MCS threshold, or SU can compare the transmission delay jitter measurement value of each terminal with the transmission delay jitter threshold to determine the terminals whose communication capabilities do not meet the communication requirements.

[0191] S630, SU determines the channel map detection command based on KPI information.

[0192] For example, if the KPI information of multiple terminals within the first grid indicates that the communication capabilities of these terminals do not meet the communication requirements, then the SU can determine to perform channel map detection on the first grid and generate a channel map detection command.

[0193] Optionally, the channel map detection command may include the identifier of the first grid and / or the ID of the terminal within the first grid.

[0194] S640, SU sends channel map detection commands to DU through CU.

[0195] Optionally, the channel map detection command includes the channel map of the first grid. Alternatively, the SU may send the channel map of the first grid to the DU based on a request from the DU.

[0196] S650,DU determines terminals whose actual channel characteristics do not match the channel map based on the channel map detection command.

[0197] If the channel map detection command includes the ID of the first grid, then DU can perform channel measurement on all terminals within the first grid, or it can perform channel measurement on some terminals within the first grid (e.g., terminals whose communication capabilities do not meet the communication requirements).

[0198] If the channel map detection command includes the terminal ID, then DU can directly perform channel measurements on the terminals indicated by these IDs.

[0199] Through channel measurement, DU can obtain the actual channel characteristics of the terminal, such as channel state information (CSI), and determine the ID of the terminal whose actual channel characteristics do not match the channel map.

[0200] The aforementioned channel measurements can be performed based on the channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) or the sounding reference signal (SRS), and this application does not limit the specific method used.

[0201] S660, DU sends the terminal ID and actual channel characteristics to SU through CU.

[0202] The terminal ID and actual channel characteristics here refer to the terminal ID and actual channel characteristics determined in S650.

[0203] S670, SU adjusts the grid according to the terminal ID and actual channel characteristics.

[0204] The SU can obtain the location information of these terminals based on the terminal ID, and then adjust the first grid according to this location information and the actual channel characteristics. Alternatively, the SU can directly adjust the first grid based on the terminal ID and the actual channel characteristics.

[0205] For example, if the first grid is a physical grid and the actual channel characteristics indicate the existence of channel abrupt change points within it, the SU can determine these abrupt change points based on the location information corresponding to the terminal ID and separate them from the first grid. The separated abrupt change points can exist as a new grid. Optionally, if a channel abrupt change point is adjacent to a second grid (another physical grid), and the actual channel characteristics of these abrupt change points are close to those of the second grid, the SU can merge these abrupt change points with the second grid and preserve the association between the terminal ID and the second grid.

[0206] For example, if the first grid is a virtual grid, and the preset channel characteristics corresponding to the first grid do not match the actual channel characteristics of the first terminal, the SU can delete the aforementioned terminal ID from the channel map corresponding to the first grid and construct a new grid based on the actual channel characteristics of the first terminal. Optionally, if the actual channel characteristics of the terminal are the same as or approximately the same as the preset channel characteristics of the second grid (another virtual grid), the SU can add the aforementioned terminal ID to the channel map corresponding to the second grid.

[0207] In summary, by cooperating with CU and DU, SU obtains the actual channel characteristics of one or more terminals within the first grid based on KPI information, and adjusts the first grid based on the actual channel characteristics, so that the actual channel characteristics within the first grid match the preset channel characteristics (i.e., the channel map), thereby improving the accuracy of the channel map.

[0208] The method of SU-led grid adjustment has been described in detail above. Below, taking CU-led virtual grid adjustment as an example, the communication method 700 provided by the embodiment of this application is introduced in conjunction with Figure 7.

[0209] S710, SU sends a channel map detection command to CU.

[0210] The channel map detection command carries the information required for channel map detection, such as KPI thresholds and the grid corresponding to each terminal.

[0211] S720, CU sends KPI reporting command to DU.

[0212] The KPI reporting command is used to instruct the DU to report the KPI information of each terminal. The CU can generate and send the KPI reporting command based on the channel map detection command.

[0213] Optionally, the KPI reporting command can trigger the DU to report KPI information once, or the DU can be configured to report KPI information periodically.

[0214] S730, DU sends KPI information of each terminal to CU.

[0215] The DU can send KPI information from each terminal to the CU periodically or irregularly according to the KPI reporting instruction.

[0216] The KPI information in Method 700 is the same as that in Method 600, so it will not be repeated here.

[0217] S740, CU identifies terminals whose KPI information does not meet the KPI threshold.

[0218] The CU can determine the grid KPI threshold based on the grid where each terminal is located, and compare the KPI information of each terminal with the grid KPI threshold to identify terminals whose KPI information does not meet the KPI threshold (i.e., terminals whose communication capabilities do not meet the communication requirements). Here, KPI information refers to an example of the measured value of the first parameter, and the KPI threshold refers to an example of the target value of the first parameter. Optionally, the KPI threshold can be a weighted average of the KPI information of all terminals within a grid, or it can be the KPI information of a single terminal within the same grid.

[0219] For example, when the service flow characteristics, packet size, and application type are the same, the CU can compare the transmission rate measurement value of each terminal with the transmission rate threshold, or the CU can compare the MCS measurement value of each terminal with the MCS threshold, or the CU can compare the transmission delay jitter measurement value of each terminal with the transmission delay jitter threshold to determine the terminals whose KPI information does not meet the KPI threshold.

[0220] After identifying terminals whose KPI information does not meet the KPI threshold, the CU can execute S750 and S770. The execution order of these two steps is not important.

[0221] S750, CU sends channel feature detection command to DU.

[0222] Optionally, the channel feature detection instruction carries the ID of the terminal determined in S740, instructing the DU to detect the actual channel features of these terminals.

[0223] Through channel measurement, DU can obtain the actual channel characteristics of the terminal, such as CSI. This channel measurement can be performed based on CSI-RS or SRS, and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0224] S760, DU sends the actual channel characteristics of the terminal to CU.

[0225] The CU can identify terminals whose actual channel characteristics do not match the channel map described below based on the actual channel characteristics.

[0226] S770, CU sends the ID of the grid where the terminal is located to SU.

[0227] For example, if the KPI information of multiple terminals does not meet the KPI threshold, the CU can determine the grid where these terminals are located as the first grid based on the grid information carried by the channel map command (e.g., the correspondence between each terminal ID and grid ID), and send the ID of the first grid to the SU.

[0228] S780, SU sends at least one grid of channel map to CU.

[0229] The aforementioned at least one grid includes a first grid, that is, the SU can send the channel map of the first grid to the CU, or send the channel characteristics of the first grid and other grids to the CU, wherein the other grids can be virtual grids with channel characteristics close to the first grid, so that the CU can determine a more suitable adjustment method (e.g., grid merging).

[0230] S790, CU determines the terminals whose actual channel characteristics do not match the channel map, and the adjustment method of the first grid.

[0231] If the preset channel characteristics of the first grid do not match the actual channel characteristics of the terminal, the CU can determine the adjustment method of the first grid.

[0232] For example, if the first grid is a virtual grid, and the preset channel characteristics corresponding to the first grid do not match the actual channel characteristics of the first terminal, the SU can delete the aforementioned terminal ID from the channel map corresponding to the first grid and construct a new virtual grid based on the actual channel characteristics of the first terminal. Optionally, if the actual channel characteristics of the terminal are the same as or approximately the same as the preset channel characteristics of the second grid (another virtual grid), the SU can add the aforementioned terminal ID to the channel map corresponding to the second grid.

[0233] S791, CU sends the terminal ID and the adjustment method of the first grid to SU.

[0234] If the terminal ID is no longer associated with other grids, the CU only needs to send the terminal ID; after receiving the terminal ID, the SU deletes the terminal ID from the channel map. If the terminal ID is still associated with other grids, the CU also needs to send the IDs of the other grids associated with the terminal ID; after receiving the terminal ID, the SU updates the association between the terminal ID and the grids, that is, it deletes the association between the terminal ID and the first grid, and saves the association between the terminal ID and other grids.

[0235] The adjustment methods in S790 and S791 are recommendations from the CU, and whether the SU accepts these recommendations depends on the SU.

[0236] S792, SU adjusts the first grid according to the terminal ID and adjustment method.

[0237] Optionally, SU can adjust the first grid according to the adjustment method recommended by CU.

[0238] In summary, the CU, through the cooperation of the SU and DU, obtains the actual channel characteristics of one or more terminals within the first grid based on KPI information, and determines the adjustment method of the first grid based on the actual channel characteristics, so that the actual channel characteristics within the first grid match the preset channel characteristics (i.e., the channel map), thereby improving the accuracy of the channel map. Furthermore, in method 700, the first grid adjusted by the CU is a virtual grid, and it is not necessary to obtain the actual location of each terminal.

[0239] The following describes the communication method 800 provided in the embodiment of this application, taking CU-led physical grid adjustment as an example, in conjunction with Figure 8.

[0240] S810~S870 are the same as S710~S770, so they will not be described again.

[0241] S880, SU sends the channel map of at least one grid and the location information of the terminal in the first grid to CU.

[0242] The aforementioned at least one grid includes a first grid, that is, the SU can send the channel map of the first grid to the CU, or send the channel characteristics of the first grid and other grids to the CU. The other grids can be physical grids adjacent to the first grid, or physical grids with channel characteristics close to the first grid, so that the CU can determine a more suitable adjustment method (e.g., grid merging).

[0243] The location information of the terminals within the first grid can be the actual location of each terminal within the first grid, or the distance between each terminal within the first grid. In this embodiment of the application, the specific content of the location information is not limited.

[0244] S890, CU determines the terminals whose actual channel characteristics do not match the channel map, and the adjustment method of the first grid.

[0245] If the preset channel characteristics of the first grid do not match the actual channel characteristics of the terminal, the CU can determine the adjustment method of the first grid.

[0246] For example, the first grid is a physical grid. The actual channel characteristics indicate the existence of channel abrupt change points within the first grid. The CU can determine the channel abrupt change points based on the location of the terminal corresponding to the actual channel characteristics. The adjustment method for the first grid includes: separating these channel abrupt change points from the first grid. The separated channel abrupt change points can exist as a new grid. Optionally, if the channel abrupt change points are adjacent to the second grid, and the actual channel characteristics of these channel abrupt change points are close to the channel characteristics of the second grid, the adjustment method for the first grid further includes: merging these channel abrupt change points with the second grid, and saving the association between the terminal ID at the channel abrupt change point and the second grid.

[0247] S891~S892 are the same as S791~S792, and will not be described again.

[0248] In summary, the CU, through the cooperation of the SU and DU, obtains the actual channel characteristics of one or more terminals in the first grid based on the KPI information, and determines the adjustment method of the first grid based on the actual channel characteristics, so that the actual channel characteristics in the first grid match the preset channel characteristics (i.e., the channel map), thereby improving the accuracy of the channel map.

[0249] The method of CU-dominated grid adjustment has been described in detail above. Below, taking MMF-dominated grid adjustment as an example, the communication method 900 provided by the embodiment of this application is introduced in conjunction with Figure 9.

[0250] S910, MMF sends KPI reporting instructions to the base station.

[0251] The KPI reporting command is used to instruct the base station to report the KPI information of each terminal.

[0252] For example, MMF can send a KPI reporting command to CU, which will collect the KPI information stored by each DU and the KPI information stored by itself, and package this KPI information and send it to MMF.

[0253] Optionally, the KPI reporting command can trigger the CU to report KPI information once, or the CU can be configured to report KPI information periodically.

[0254] S920: The base station sends KPI information of each terminal to the MMF.

[0255] The KPI information in Method 900 is the same as that in Method 600, so it will not be repeated here.

[0256] In the S930, the MMF determines the channel map detection command based on the KPI information.

[0257] MMF can compare the KPI information of each terminal with the grid KPI threshold to determine whether the terminal's communication capability meets the communication requirements. Here, KPI information refers to an example of the measured value of the first parameter, and the KPI threshold refers to an example of the target value of the first parameter. Optionally, the KPI threshold can be a weighted average of the KPI information of each terminal within a grid, or it can be the KPI information of a single terminal within the same grid.

[0258] For example, when the service flow characteristics, packet size, and application type are the same, MMF can compare the transmission rate measurement value and transmission rate threshold of each terminal, or MMF can compare the MCS measurement value and MCS threshold of each terminal, or MMF can compare the transmission delay jitter measurement value and transmission delay jitter threshold of each terminal to determine the terminals whose communication capabilities do not meet the communication requirements.

[0259] If the KPI information of multiple terminals within the first grid indicates that the communication capabilities of these terminals do not meet the communication requirements, then MMF can determine to perform channel map detection on the first grid and generate a channel map detection command.

[0260] Optionally, the channel map detection command may include the ID of the first grid and / or the ID of the terminal within the first grid.

[0261] S940, MMF sends a channel map detection command to the base station.

[0262] In S950, the base station determines the terminal ID and actual channel characteristics based on the channel map detection command.

[0263] If the channel map detection command includes the ID of the first grid, the base station can perform channel measurement on all terminals within the first grid, or it can perform channel measurement on some terminals within the first grid (e.g., terminals whose communication capabilities do not meet the communication requirements).

[0264] If the channel map detection command includes the terminal ID, the base station can directly perform channel measurements on the terminals indicated by these IDs.

[0265] Through channel measurement, the base station can obtain the actual channel characteristics of the terminal, such as CSI, and determine the ID of the terminal whose actual channel characteristics do not match the channel map. The channel map can be sent to the base station through a channel map detection command or sent to the base station separately.

[0266] The aforementioned channel measurements can be performed based on CSI-RS or SRS, and this application does not limit the specific implementation of these measurements.

[0267] S960, the base station sends the terminal ID and actual channel characteristics to the MMF.

[0268] The terminal ID and actual channel characteristics here refer to the ID and actual channel characteristics of the terminal determined in S950 (i.e., the terminal whose actual channel characteristics do not match the channel map).

[0269] S970, the base station sends the adjustment method of the first grid to the MMF (optional step).

[0270] If the base station obtains the preset channel characteristics of the first grid, and the preset channel characteristics of the first grid do not match the actual channel characteristics of the terminal, the base station can determine the adjustment method of the first grid. The preset channel characteristics of the first grid can be sent to the base station along with a channel map detection command, or based on a request from the base station. If the first grid is a physical grid, the MMF can also send the location information of the terminals within the first grid to the base station. The location information of the terminals within the first grid can be the actual location of each terminal within the first grid, or the distance between each terminal within the first grid. This embodiment does not limit the specific content of the location information.

[0271] For example, if the actual channel characteristics indicate the existence of channel abrupt change points within the first grid, the base station can determine these points based on the location of the terminal corresponding to the actual channel characteristics. The adjustment of the first grid includes: separating these channel abrupt change points from the first grid. The separated channel abrupt change points can exist as a new grid. Optionally, if the channel abrupt change points are adjacent to the second grid, and the actual channel characteristics of these points are close to those of the second grid, the adjustment of the first grid further includes: merging these channel abrupt change points with the second grid.

[0272] The execution order of S960 and S970 is not important. The adjustment method in S970 is a suggestion from the base station, and whether the MMF accepts the suggestion depends on the MMF.

[0273] S980, MMF adjusts the first grid according to the terminal ID and actual channel characteristics, and / or adjusts the first grid according to the adjustment method of the first grid.

[0274] Optionally, the MMF can obtain the location information of these terminals based on the terminal ID, and adjust the first grid according to the location information of these terminals and the actual channel characteristics.

[0275] Optionally, the MMF can adjust the first grid according to the adjustment method recommended by the base station.

[0276] After the first grid adjustment, the MMF can update the channel map.

[0277] In summary, MMF, with the cooperation of base stations, obtains the actual channel characteristics of one or more terminals in the first grid based on KPI information, and determines the adjustment method of the first grid based on the actual channel characteristics, so that the actual channel characteristics in the first grid match the preset channel characteristics (i.e., the channel map), thereby improving the accuracy of the channel map.

[0278] The foregoing has detailed the method examples provided by the embodiments of this application. It is understood that the corresponding apparatus, in order to achieve the above functions, includes hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to the execution of each function. Those skilled in the art should readily recognize that, based on the units and algorithm steps of the examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein, this application can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in hardware or by computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0279] Figures 10 and 11 are schematic diagrams of two communication devices provided in the embodiments of this application. These devices can be used to implement the functions of devices such as terminals or base stations in the above method embodiments, and therefore also possess the beneficial effects of the above method embodiments. In the embodiments of this application, these communication devices can be the terminal shown in Figure 1, the base station shown in Figure 1, or modules (e.g., chips) applied to the terminal or base station.

[0280] As shown in Figure 10, the device 1000 includes a processing unit 1010 and a transceiver unit 1020. Under the control of the processing unit 1010, the transceiver unit 1020 performs receiving and / or output steps. When performing the output step (or sending step), the transceiver unit 1020 acts as a sending unit; when performing the receiving step, it acts as a receiving unit. The device 1000 is used to implement the functions of the network device in the method embodiment described in Figure 5.

[0281] When the communication device 1000 is used to implement the function of the network device in the embodiment of the method described in FIG5, the transceiver unit 1020 is used to: obtain the channel characteristics of the first terminal, the first terminal being located in the first region; when the channel characteristics of the first terminal do not match the preset channel characteristics of the first region, the processing unit 1010 is used to: determine the first information, the first information being used to adjust the first region.

[0282] Optionally, the transceiver unit 1020 is further configured to: receive second information, the second information indicating the detection of preset channel characteristics of the first area; the acquisition of the channel characteristics of the first terminal includes: acquiring the channel characteristics of the first terminal based on the second information.

[0283] Optionally, the transceiver unit 1020 is further configured to: send third information, the third information indicating the communication capability of at least one terminal in the first area.

[0284] Optionally, the transceiver unit 1020 is further configured to: send first information, the first information including the adjustment method of the first area.

[0285] Optionally, the transceiver unit 1020 is also used to: transmit the channel characteristics of the first terminal.

[0286] Optionally, the transceiver unit 1020 is further configured to: transmit second information, the second information indicating the detection of preset channel characteristics of the first area.

[0287] Optionally, the transceiver unit 1020 is further configured to: receive third information, the third information indicating the communication capability of at least one terminal in the first area.

[0288] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that when the communication device 1000 is used to implement the functions of a network device, the specific working process of the communication device 1000 and the technical effects produced by the execution steps can be referred to the description in the corresponding method embodiments above. For the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here.

[0289] The communication device 1000 can be a core network device or a base station. The processing unit 1010 can be implemented in hardware or software. When implemented in hardware, the processing unit 1010 can be a logic circuit, integrated circuit, etc. When implemented in software, the processing unit 1010 can be a general-purpose processor that reads software code stored in a storage unit. This storage unit can be integrated into the processing unit 1010 or located outside the processing unit 1010 and exist independently.

[0290] As shown in Figure 11, device 1100 includes a processor 1110 and an interface circuit 1120. The processor 1110 and the interface circuit 1120 are coupled to each other. It is understood that the interface circuit 1120 can be a transceiver or an input / output interface. Optionally, device 1100 may also include a memory 1130 for storing instructions executed by the processor 1110, or storing input data required by the processor 1110 to execute instructions, or storing data generated after the processor 1110 executes instructions.

[0291] When the device 1100 is used to implement the method shown in FIG5, the processor 1110 is used to implement the function of the processing unit 1010, and the interface circuit 1120 is used to implement the function of the transceiver unit 1020.

[0292] When device 1100 is a core network chip (i.e., a chip applied to core network equipment), the core network chip implements the MMF function in the above method embodiments. The core network chip receives information from the base station, which can be understood as the information being first received by other modules (e.g., interface circuits) in the core network equipment, and then sent to the core network chip by these modules. The core network chip sends information to the base station, which can be understood as the information being first sent to other modules (e.g., interface circuits) in the core network equipment, and then sent to the base station by these modules.

[0293] When device 1100 is a base station chip (i.e., a chip applied to a base station), the base station chip implements the functions of a base station in the above method embodiments. The base station chip receives information from the core network equipment, which can be understood as the information being first received by other modules in the base station (e.g., interface circuits), and then sent to the base station chip by these modules. The base station chip sends information to the core network equipment, which can be understood as the information being sent down to other modules in the base station (e.g., interface circuits), and then sent to the core network equipment by these modules.

[0294] In this application, entity A sends information to entity B, either directly or indirectly through other entities. Similarly, entity B receives information from entity A, either directly or indirectly through other entities. Entities A and B can be RAN nodes, or modules within a RAN node or terminal. Information transmission and reception can be between a RAN node and a terminal, such as between a base station and a terminal; between two RAN nodes, such as between a CU and a DU; or between different modules within a single device, such as between a terminal chip and other modules of the terminal, or between a base station chip and other modules of the base station.

[0295] Embodiments of this application also provide a communication system, which may include: a base station and a communication device 1100 for implementing core network equipment functions; or, core network equipment and a device 1100 for implementing base station functions.

[0296] The method steps in the embodiments of this application can be implemented in hardware or in software instructions executable by a processor. The software instructions can consist of corresponding software modules, which can be stored in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, registers, hard disks, portable hard disks, optical disc drives, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to a processor, enabling the processor to read information from and write information to the storage medium. The storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and the storage medium can reside in an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). Alternatively, the ASIC can reside in a base station or terminal. The processor and the storage medium can also exist as discrete components in the base station or terminal.

[0297] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved entirely or partially through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented entirely or partially in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions. When the computer program or instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are performed entirely or partially. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, a network device, a user equipment, or other programmable device. The computer program or instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transferred from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer program or instructions can be transferred from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired or wireless means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible to a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center integrating one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, hard disk, or magnetic tape; it can also be an optical medium, such as a digital video optical disc; or it can be a semiconductor medium, such as a solid-state drive. The computer-readable storage medium may be a volatile or non-volatile storage medium, or may include both types of storage media.

[0298] Finally, the following points should be noted regarding the embodiments of this application:

[0299] First, in the embodiments of this application, the terms "first," "second," and various numerical designations are used for ease of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application. The order of the process numbers does not imply the order of execution; the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic.

[0300] Second, in the embodiments of this application, "instruction" can include direct and indirect instructions, as well as explicit and implicit instructions. The information indicated by a certain piece of information is called the information to be instructed. In specific implementations, there are many ways to instruct the information to be instructed. For example, the information to be instructed can be directly instructed, such as the information to be instructed itself or its index. The information to be instructed can also be indirectly indicated by instructing other information, where there is a correlation between the other information and the information to be instructed. Furthermore, a part of the information to be instructed can be indicated, while the other parts are known or pre-agreed upon. For example, the indication of the information to be instructed can be achieved by pre-agreed upon (e.g., by a protocol specifying the existence of a certain information element), thereby reducing the instruction overhead to some extent.

[0301] Third, the “protocol” involved in the embodiments of this application may refer to standard protocols in the field of communication, such as the Long Term Evolution (LTE) protocol, the NR protocol, and related protocols in future communication systems. This application does not limit this.

[0302] Fourth, "predefined" or "preconfigured" can be achieved by pre-storing corresponding codes, tables, or other information-indicating mechanisms in the device (e.g., a terminal or base station). This application does not limit the specific implementation method. "Storing" can refer to storing in one or more memories, which can be separate installations or integrated into the processor or communication device; alternatively, some memories can be separate installations, while others are integrated into the processor or communication device. The type of memory can be any form of storage medium, and this application does not limit this.

[0303] Fifth, "at least one" means one or more, while "more than one" means two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, B exists alone, or A and B exist simultaneously. Here, A and B can be a single object or multiple objects. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or multiple items. For example, at least one of a, b, and c can mean: a, or, b, or, c, or, a and b, or, a and c, or, b and c, or, a, b, and c. Here, a, b, and c can each be a single object or multiple objects.

[0304] Sixth, in the embodiments of this application, descriptions such as "when," "in the case of," "if," and "if" all refer to the fact that the device (e.g., a terminal or a base station) will make corresponding processing under certain objective circumstances. They are not time limits, nor do they require the device to make a judgment action when implementing it, nor do they imply any other limitations.

[0305] Seventh, in the various embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified or logically conflicting, the terms and / or descriptions between different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other, and the technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationships.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, include: Obtain the channel characteristics of the first terminal, which is located in the first region; When the channel characteristics of the first terminal do not match the preset channel characteristics of the first region, first information is determined, and the first information is used to adjust the first region.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first terminal is a terminal whose communication capabilities within the first area do not meet the communication requirements.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The communication capability includes a measured value of a first parameter, the communication requirement includes a target value of the first parameter, and the communication capability not meeting the communication requirement includes: The measured value is greater than or equal to the target value, or the measured value is less than or equal to the target value.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The target values ​​include: The weighted average of the values ​​of the first parameter of multiple terminals in the first region, or the value of the first parameter of the second terminal in the first region.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive second information, which indicates the detection of preset channel characteristics in the first region; The acquisition of the channel characteristics of the first terminal includes: The channel characteristics of the first terminal are obtained based on the second information.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second information includes the identifier of the first terminal.

7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The method further includes: Send a third message indicating the communication capabilities of at least one terminal in the first area.

8. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that, The method further includes: Send the first information, which includes one or more of the following: The identifier of the first region, the identifier of at least one terminal associated with the first region, and the channel characteristics of the at least one terminal; The identifier of the first region, the identifier of the target terminal, and the channel characteristics of the target terminal, wherein the target terminal is a terminal that needs to be unassociated with the first region; The identifier of the first region, the adjustment method of the first region, the identifier of at least one terminal corresponding to the adjustment method, and the channel characteristics of the at least one terminal; The identifier of the first region, the adjustment method of the first region, and the granularity corresponding to the adjustment method.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The adjustment method includes one or more of the following actions: Merge, split, delete, or add.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: Send a second message, which indicates the detection of preset channel characteristics in the first area.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The second information includes the identifier of the first terminal.

12. The method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive third information, which indicates the communication capabilities of at least one terminal in the first area.

13. A communication device, characterized in that, include: A processor, configured to implement, via logic circuitry or by executing code instructions, the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 12; An interface circuit is used to receive signals from other devices and transmit them to the processor, or to send signals from the processor to other devices.

14. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program or instructions that, when executed by a communication device, implement the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 12.

15. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes a computer program or instructions that, when executed by a communication device, implement the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 12.

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