Battery management system, battery detection method, battery apparatus and electrical device

Abstract

A battery management system (200), comprising: at least one light source (30), which is provided in a battery apparatus (100a); at least one photodetection device (40), which is provided on a battery cell (10) in the battery apparatus and used for collecting light emitted by the light source and outputting corresponding optical signals; and a processor (50), which is used for: receiving a historical optical signal and a current optical signal acquired by each photodetection device, an acquisition moment of the historical optical signal being earlier than an acquisition moment of the current optical signal, and performing battery deformation detection on the basis of the current optical signal and at least one historical optical signal, so as to output a battery deformation signal, the battery deformation signal being used for indicating the deformation position and / or deformation amount of the battery apparatus. The system is capable of detecting the deformation position and / or deformation amount of the battery apparatus. Also disclosed are a battery detection method, a battery apparatus and an electrical device.

Description

Battery management systems, battery testing methods, battery devices, and electrical equipment.

[0001] Cross-referencing of related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202510117902.1, filed in China on January 24, 2025, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0003] [Technical Field]

[0004] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to battery management systems, battery testing methods, battery devices, and electrical equipment.

[0005] [Background Technology]

[0006] Due to their advantages such as high energy density, rechargeability, safety, and environmental friendliness, power batteries are widely used in new energy vehicles, consumer electronics, and energy storage systems. As a core component of new energy vehicles, the safety performance of batteries directly affects the overall safety of the vehicle and user confidence.

[0007] Current technical solutions cannot accurately measure the degree of deformation or damage to the internal structure of the battery device.

[0008] [Summary of the Invention]

[0009] The battery management system, battery testing method, battery device, and electrical equipment provided in this application are capable of detecting the deformation position and / or deformation amount of the battery device.

[0010] In a first aspect, this application provides a battery management system, comprising: at least one light source disposed within a battery device; at least one photodetector disposed on a single battery cell within the battery device, for collecting light emitted by the light source and outputting a corresponding light signal; a processor for receiving historical light signals and current light signals collected by each photodetector, wherein the acquisition time of the historical light signals is earlier than the acquisition time of the current light signals; performing battery deformation detection based on the current light signal and at least one historical light signal, and outputting a battery deformation signal; wherein the battery deformation signal is used to indicate the deformation position and / or deformation amount of the battery device.

[0011] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, at least one light source and at least one light detection device are set in the battery device using the principle of rectilinear propagation of light. Then, the processor receives the historical light signal and the current light signal collected by each light detection device to detect battery deformation and outputs a battery deformation signal to indicate the deformation position and / or deformation amount of the battery device, thereby achieving the effect of measuring the deformation position and / or deformation amount of the battery device.

[0012] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to: determine the number of first target optical detection devices based on the amount of change in the current optical signal of each optical detection device relative to the historical optical signal; wherein the first target optical detection device is an optical detection device whose amount of change in the optical signal is greater than a change threshold; and output a battery deformation signal in response to the number of first target optical detection devices being greater than a first quantity threshold.

[0013] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, by determining the number of first target optical detection devices by determining the optical signal change amount greater than the change threshold, the number of first target optical detection devices is counted. When the number of first target optical detection devices is greater than a first quantity threshold, a battery deformation signal is output, thereby improving the accuracy of battery device deformation detection.

[0014] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to: control any one of the at least one light source to emit light; acquire the amount of change in the current light signal of each photodetector relative to the historical light signal; and, in response to the number of second target photodetectors being greater than a second quantity threshold, determine that a battery deformation has occurred at the location of the emitting light source and output a battery deformation signal; wherein the second target photodetector is a photodetector whose amount of change in light signal is greater than a change threshold.

[0015] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, for any light-emitting light source, the change in the current light signal of each light detection device relative to the historical light signal is obtained. When the number of second target light detection devices is greater than the second quantity threshold, it is determined that the battery deformation occurs at the location of the light-emitting light source, and the battery deformation signal is output. The battery deformation signal can be used to indicate that the battery deformation occurs at the location of the light source, which is convenient for subsequent deformation positioning detection or maintenance.

[0016] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to: control any one of the at least one light source to emit light; and, in response to the number of the second target light detection devices being less than or equal to a second quantity threshold and greater than or equal to a third quantity threshold, determine that a battery deformation has occurred at the location of the second target light detection device, and output a battery deformation signal.

[0017] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, for any light source, the change in the current light signal of each photodetector relative to the historical light signal is obtained. When the number of second target photodetectors is less than or equal to a second quantity threshold and greater than or equal to a third quantity threshold, it is determined that the battery deformation has occurred at the location of the second target photodetector, and a battery deformation signal is output. The battery deformation signal can be used to indicate that the battery deformation has occurred at the location of the corresponding photodetector, which is convenient for subsequent deformation positioning detection or maintenance.

[0018] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to: control any one of the at least one light source to emit light; and, in response to a change in the current light signal of any photodetector relative to a historical light signal that is greater than a change threshold, determine that a battery deformation has occurred at the location of the corresponding photodetector, and output a battery deformation signal.

[0019] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, for any light source, when the change in the light signal of any photodetector is greater than the change threshold, a battery deformation signal is output to indicate the location of the battery deformation at the photodetector location, which can determine the location of the battery deformation and facilitate subsequent deformation positioning detection or maintenance.

[0020] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to: calculate the deformation of the battery device based on the change in the current optical signal of each photodetector relative to the historical optical signal, and output the battery deformation signal.

[0021] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the deformation of the battery device is calculated based on the change in the current optical signal of each optical detection device relative to the historical optical signal, and a battery deformation signal is output to indicate the deformation of the battery device, which can achieve the effect of measuring the degree of battery deformation or damage.

[0022] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to: control any one of the at least one light source to emit light; determine a scaling factor corresponding to each light detection device based on the distance between the light detection device and the light source emitting light; and output a battery deformation signal based on the product of the change in light signal and the scaling factor, wherein the battery deformation signal is used to indicate the deformation of the battery device.

[0023] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, by combining the proportional coefficient corresponding to each optical detection device, and based on the product of the optical signal change and the proportional coefficient, a battery deformation signal is output to indicate the deformation of the battery device, which can achieve the effect of measuring the degree of battery deformation or damage, and facilitate subsequent battery maintenance.

[0024] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to: control any one of the at least one light source to emit light; acquire the amount of change in the current light signal of each photodetector relative to the historical light signal; and output a battery deformation signal in response to a negative amount of change in the light signal of any photodetector, wherein the battery deformation signal is used to indicate that the deformation position of the battery device occurs in the optical path between the light-emitting light source and the photodetector.

[0025] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, for any light-emitting light source, the change in the current light signal of each photodetector relative to the historical light signal is obtained. When the change in the light signal of any photodetector is negative, a battery deformation signal is output to indicate that the deformation position of the battery device occurs in the optical path between the light-emitting light source and the photodetector. This can accurately determine the position of deformation on the battery device, which is convenient for subsequent deformation positioning detection or maintenance.

[0026] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to: obtain the expansion value corresponding to each battery cell, and compensate for the deformation of the battery device based on the expansion value.

[0027] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the expansion value is used to compensate for the deformation of the battery device, so as to improve the accuracy of the output battery deformation signal.

[0028] In some embodiments, the deformation rate corresponding to the expansion value is less than a preset deformation rate, wherein the deformation rate is the ratio of the deformation amount to the preset duration.

[0029] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the deformation rate corresponding to the expansion value is less than the preset deformation rate, which can ensure the rationality of the deformation compensation of the battery device and improve the accuracy of the output battery deformation signal.

[0030] In some embodiments, the light source includes a target light source and at least one other light source, and the processor is further configured to: control the target light source among the at least one light source to emit light; and in response to an output battery deformation signal, control the target light source to stop emitting light and control at least one other light source to emit light.

[0031] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, after the target light source emits a battery deformation signal, the target light source is controlled to stop emitting light, and at least one other light source is controlled to emit light, so as to use the other light sources to further verify whether the previous battery deformation signal is incorrect, thereby improving the accuracy of battery device detection.

[0032] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to: in response to the processor not generating a battery deformation signal when each of the remaining light sources emits light, output a state correction signal, wherein the state correction signal is used to indicate that the battery device has not deformed and the target light source has failed.

[0033] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, when each of the other light sources is emitting light, the processor does not generate a battery deformation signal, but outputs a state correction signal so that the state correction signal can know the actual situation and improve the accuracy of battery device detection.

[0034] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to: determine the actual deformation position of the battery device based on the deformation position of the battery device indicated by at least two battery deformation signals.

[0035] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the actual deformation position of the battery device is determined based on the deformation position indicated by at least two battery deformation signals, which can more accurately locate the actual deformation position of the battery device and improve the accuracy of battery device detection.

[0036] In some embodiments, the light source is disposed on the inner wall of the battery device housing or on a single battery cell.

[0037] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the light source is disposed on the inner wall of the battery device box or on the battery cell, and performs optical communication with the photodetector disposed on the battery cell in the battery device to realize subsequent deformation detection.

[0038] In some embodiments, the battery management system further includes: a light guide connected between at least one light source and at least one photodetector for guiding the connected light source and photodetector to perform optical communication.

[0039] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, a light guide is used to guide the connected light source and light detection device to perform optical communication, thereby realizing optical communication between the light source and the light detection device and solving the communication problem when the light source and the light detection device are on different sides.

[0040] In some embodiments, the distance between each photodetector and the light source is different for each light source.

[0041] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, for each light source, the distance between each photodetector and the light source is different, so that the initial light signal collected by each photodetector is different. When battery deformation occurs, the deformation position and / or deformation amount of the battery device can be quickly determined according to the distance relationship, which can achieve the effect of measuring the degree of battery deformation or damage.

[0042] In some embodiments, each photodetector is disposed on a corresponding battery management component, which is disposed on a single battery cell.

[0043] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, each optical detection device is set on the corresponding battery management component, and the battery management component is set on the battery cell, which can combine different modules to reduce the overall size of the battery device.

[0044] Secondly, this application provides a battery detection method, which includes: receiving historical optical signals and current optical signals collected by each optical detection device, wherein the acquisition time of the historical optical signals is earlier than the acquisition time of the current optical signals; the optical detection devices are disposed on battery cells in the battery device, and the light source corresponding to the current optical signal is disposed in the battery device; performing battery deformation detection based on the current optical signal and at least one historical optical signal, and outputting a battery deformation signal; wherein the battery deformation signal is used to indicate the deformation position and / or deformation amount of the battery device.

[0045] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, at least one light source and at least one light detection device are set in the battery device using the principle of rectilinear propagation of light. Then, the processor receives the historical light signal and the current light signal collected by each light detection device to detect battery deformation and outputs a battery deformation signal to indicate the deformation position and / or deformation amount of the battery device, thereby achieving the effect of measuring the deformation position and / or deformation amount of the battery device.

[0046] Thirdly, this application provides a battery device comprising: at least one battery cell and a battery management system as provided in the first aspect.

[0047] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the battery management system of the battery device utilizes the principle of rectilinear propagation of light, sets at least one light source and at least one light detection device in the battery device, and then uses a processor to receive the historical light signal and the current light signal collected by each light detection device to perform battery deformation detection, and outputs a battery deformation signal to indicate the deformation position and / or deformation amount of the battery device, thereby achieving the effect of measuring the deformation position and / or deformation amount of the battery device.

[0048] Fourthly, this application provides an electrical device that includes a battery device as provided in the third aspect.

[0049] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application.

[0050] [Attached Image Description]

[0051] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0052] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the electrical equipment provided in this application;

[0053] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a battery device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Figure 3 is an exploded structural diagram of an embodiment of the battery device provided in this application;

[0055] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the battery management system provided in this application;

[0056] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the battery device provided in this application;

[0057] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the battery management system and battery device provided in this application;

[0058] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of the battery management system provided in this application;

[0059] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of another application scenario of the battery management system provided in this application;

[0060] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of another application scenario of the battery management system provided in this application;

[0061] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of another application scenario of the battery management system provided in this application;

[0062] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of another application scenario of the battery management system provided in this application;

[0063] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the equivalent structure of Figure 11 provided in this application;

[0064] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of another application scenario of the battery management system provided in this application;

[0065] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of another application scenario of the battery management system provided in this application;

[0066] Figure 15 is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of the battery testing method provided in this application.

[0067] The reference numerals in the detailed embodiments are as follows:

[0068] Vehicle 1000a, battery unit 100a, controller 200a, motor 300a, battery cell 10, housing 11, end cap 12, battery box 20, bottom guard plate 21, frame 22, first part 22a, second part 22b, first side wall 221, second side wall 222, third side wall 223, fourth side wall 224, mounting hole 21a, battery management system 200, light source 30, light detection device 40, processor 50, light source A, light source G, light detection device B, light detection device C, light detection device D, light detection device E, light detection device F, first direction XX, second direction YY.

[0069]

Detailed Implementation Methods

[0070] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0071] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0072] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0073] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0074] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0075] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).

[0076] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0077] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0078] With the development of battery technology, batteries are being applied in more and more fields, gradually replacing traditional fossil fuels in areas such as automotive power. A battery is a physical module comprising one or more individual battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity. A battery includes a battery casing for encapsulating one or more battery cells. The battery casing includes a bottom protection plate, which provides physical protection for the battery, especially during vehicle operation, reducing or eliminating damage to the battery caused by impacts or compression to the bottom of the battery casing.

[0079] The battery, bottom cover plate, and electrical device disclosed in this application can be used in electrical devices that use batteries as a power source or in various energy storage systems that use batteries as energy storage elements. The electrical device can be, but is not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, power tools, electric vehicles, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, etc. Among them, electric toys can include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc., and spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc.

[0080] For ease of explanation, the following embodiments will be described using a vehicle 1000a as an example of an electrical device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0081] Referring to Figure 1, vehicle 1000a can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, or a range-extended electric vehicle, etc. A battery device 100a is installed inside vehicle 1000a, and the battery device 100a can be located at the bottom of vehicle 1000a. The battery device 100a can be used to power vehicle 1000a; for example, the battery device 100a can serve as the operating power source for vehicle 1000a. Vehicle 1000a may also include a controller 200a and a motor 300a. The controller 200a is used to control the battery device 100a to supply power to the motor 300a, for example, to meet the power needs of vehicle 1000a during starting, navigation, and driving.

[0082] In some embodiments of this application, the battery device 100a can not only serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1000a, but also as the driving power source for the vehicle 1000a, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000a.

[0083] In some embodiments, the battery device 100a may be an energy storage device. Energy storage devices include energy storage containers, energy storage cabinets, etc.

[0084] Referring to Figures 2 and 3, the battery device 100a (Battery Apparatus) mentioned in the embodiments of this application may include one or more battery cells 10 for providing voltage and capacity. A battery cell assembly may include multiple battery cells 10, which are connected in series, parallel, or mixed connections via a busbar.

[0085] In this embodiment of the application, the battery cell 10 can be a secondary battery, which refers to the battery cell 10 that can be used again after being discharged by recharging to activate the active material.

[0086] The battery cell 10 can be a lithium-ion battery, sodium-ion battery, sodium-lithium-ion battery, lithium metal battery, sodium metal battery, lithium-sulfur battery, magnesium-ion battery, nickel-metal hydride battery, nickel-cadmium battery, lead-acid battery, etc., and the embodiments of this application are not limited to this.

[0087] In some embodiments, the battery device 100a is typically formed by arranging a plurality of battery cells 10.

[0088] As an example, the battery device 100a includes at least one battery module, which is composed of at least one battery cell 10, or the battery device 100a includes at least one battery cell 10. For example, the battery module is formed by arranging and fixing multiple battery cells 10 to form a separate module. As an example, the battery module can be formed by bundling multiple battery cells 10 together with cable ties.

[0089] In some embodiments, the battery device 100a includes a battery cell 10 and a battery housing 20 having a receiving space for accommodating the battery cell 10.

[0090] In some embodiments, the battery housing 20 may be part of the chassis structure of the vehicle 1000a. For example, a portion of the battery housing 20 may be at least a part of the chassis of the vehicle 1000a, or a portion of the battery housing 20 may be at least a part of the crossbeams and longitudinal beams of the vehicle 1000a.

[0091] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the battery housing 20 may be disposed on the chassis structure of the vehicle 1000a.

[0092] In some embodiments, the battery housing 20 includes at least a bottom protective plate 21. The bottom protective plate 21 can serve as the bottom wall of the battery housing 20. The bottom protective plate 21 not only supports the individual battery cells 10, but also reduces damage to the battery assembly 100a caused by impact or compression to the bottom of the battery housing 20.

[0093] In some other embodiments, the bottom protective plate 21 can be a component independent of the battery housing 20, disposed near the bottom wall of the battery housing 20, and located on the side of the bottom wall facing away from the receiving space, to support and protect the entire battery housing 20. The battery housing 20 includes a first side wall 221 and a second side wall 222 disposed opposite to each other in a first direction XX, and a third side wall 223 and a fourth side wall 224 disposed opposite to each other in a second direction YY. The first direction XX is perpendicular to the second direction YY.

[0094] The battery housing 20 also includes a frame 22, which is connected to the outer periphery of the bottom protective plate 21 to form a receiving space with the bottom protective plate 21.

[0095] In some embodiments, the frame 22 may include a first portion 22a and a second portion 22b. The first portion 22a includes a first sidewall 221 and a second sidewall 222 disposed opposite to each other in a first direction XX, and a third sidewall 223 and a fourth sidewall 224 disposed opposite to each other in a second direction YY. The first portion 22a may be a hollow structure with openings at both ends, and the second portion 22b may be a hollow structure with an opening at one end or a plate-like structure. The second portion 22b covers the opening at one end of the first portion 22a, and the bottom protective plate 21 covers the opening at the other end of the first portion 22a to form an accommodating space. The bottom protective plate 21 serves as the bottom wall of the battery housing 20 and is used to support and protect the battery cells 10.

[0096] In some embodiments, the bottom cover plate 21 is provided with mounting holes 21a. The mounting holes 21a can be used to cooperate with fixing components to mount the bottom cover plate 21 onto the frame 22 of the battery box 20. The inner wall of the mounting holes 21a can be provided with an anti-corrosion layer to mitigate corrosion of the inner wall of the mounting holes 21a.

[0097] The battery cell 10 includes an electrode assembly. The electrode assembly is mainly formed by winding or stacking a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator, wherein the separator is disposed between the positive and negative electrode. The portions of the positive and negative electrode containing active material constitute the main body of the electrode assembly, the portion of the positive electrode without active material constitutes the positive electrode tab, and the portion of the negative electrode without active material constitutes the negative electrode tab. During the charging and discharging process of the battery device 100a, the positive and negative active materials react with the electrolyte to form a current circuit.

[0098] The battery cell 10 also includes a housing 11 and an end cap 12. The housing 11 is a component for housing the electrode assembly. The housing 11 can be a hollow structure with an opening at one end, or a hollow structure with openings at both opposite ends. The housing 11 can have various shapes, such as cylindrical or cuboid. The housing 11 can be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, or aluminum alloy. The end cap 12 is a component for closing the opening to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 10 from the external environment. The end cap 12 and the housing 11 together define a receiving space for housing the electrode assembly, electrolyte, and other components. The end cap 12 can be connected to the housing 11 by welding or roll sealing to close the opening of the housing 11. The shape of the end cap 12 can be adapted to the shape of the housing 11. For example, if the housing 11 is a cuboid structure, the end cap 12 can be a rectangular plate structure adapted to the housing 11. Alternatively, if the housing 11 is a cylindrical structure, the end cap 12 can be a circular plate structure adapted to the housing 11. The end cap 12 can also be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy, or plastic. The end cap 12 and the housing 11 can be made of the same or different materials.

[0099] Due to their advantages such as high energy density, rechargeability, safety, and environmental friendliness, power batteries are widely used in new energy vehicles, consumer electronics, and energy storage systems. As a core component of new energy vehicles, the safety performance of batteries directly affects the overall safety of the vehicle and user confidence.

[0100] Current technical solutions cannot accurately measure the degree of deformation or damage to the internal structure of the battery device 100a. Deformation refers to the change in shape of an object under the influence of a force. This includes changes in the size, shape, or position of an object under stress. In the battery device 100a, deformation mainly manifests as volumetric deformation of its internal structure caused by external forces or internal chemical reactions, such as bulging or concavity. The internal structure primarily refers to the individual battery cells 10 within the battery device 100a.

[0101] Based on this, this application proposes to utilize the principle of rectilinear propagation of light, by setting at least one light source and at least one light detection device within the battery device 100a. A processor then receives historical and current light signals collected by each light detection device to perform battery deformation detection, outputting a battery deformation signal indicating the deformation position and / or deformation amount of the battery device 100a, thereby achieving the effect of measuring the deformation position and / or deformation amount of the battery device 100a. See any of the following embodiments for details. Deformation position indicates the location on the battery device 100a where a size or shape change occurs, and deformation amount indicates the amount of change in size or shape at the location on the battery device 100a where the size or shape change occurs.

[0102] Referring to Figure 4, which is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the battery management system provided in this application, the battery management system 200 includes a processor 50, at least one light source 30, and at least one light detection device 40. In some embodiments, the light source 30 may be a light-emitting diode or other device capable of emitting light. The light detection device 40 may be a photodiode or the like.

[0103] At least one light source 30 is disposed within the battery device 100a.

[0104] At least one photodetector 40 is disposed on a battery cell 10 in the battery device 100a for collecting light emitted by the light source 30 and outputting a corresponding light signal. In some embodiments, each photodetector 40 can collect the light signal at a corresponding time according to a corresponding collection frequency.

[0105] In some embodiments, the optical signal can be characterized by a voltage value. In some embodiments, the optical signal is the luminous intensity corresponding to the light source 30. Luminous intensity is a physical quantity used to represent the luminous flux per unit solid angle in a given direction of the light source 30.

[0106] In some embodiments, the voltage value is inversely proportional to the optical signal. In other embodiments, the voltage value is directly proportional to the optical signal.

[0107] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG5, the light source 30 is disposed on the inner wall of the housing 20 of the battery device 100a, such as in the second part 22b, and at least one photodetector 40 is disposed on the battery cell 10 in the battery device 100a.

[0108] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG6, the light source 30 is disposed on the battery cell 10 of the battery device 100a, and at least one photodetector 40 is disposed on the battery cell 10 of the battery device 100a. For example, the photodetector 40 and the light source 30 may be disposed on the outer surface of the battery cell 10, i.e., the outer surface of the housing 11.

[0109] Since the photodetector 40 is positioned on the optical path of the light source 30, any deformation of the battery at the locations involved in the photodetector 40, the light source 30, and the optical path will cause corresponding changes in the light signal collected by the photodetector 40. In some cases, the photodetector 40 and the light source 30 can change synchronously, resulting in the processor 50 not recognizing the battery deformation even though the battery device 100a has deformed. Based on this, multiple light sources 30 can be set up, the current light source 30 can be turned off, and the remaining light sources 30 can be used to emit light. The photodetector 40 can then detect the remaining light sources 30 to verify whether the battery device 100a has deformed.

[0110] The processor 50 is used to receive historical optical signals and current optical signals collected by each optical detection device 40, wherein the acquisition time of the historical optical signals is earlier than the acquisition time of the current optical signals; to perform battery deformation detection based on the current optical signals and at least one historical optical signal, and to output a battery deformation signal; wherein the battery deformation signal is used to indicate the deformation position and / or deformation amount of the battery device 100a.

[0111] In some embodiments, if the position of the photodetector 40 or the position of the light source 30 is deformed, the angle at which the photodetector 40 receives light will change, or the angle at which the light source 30 emits light will change. At this time, the light signal collected by the photodetector 40 will show a significant change compared to the historical light signal.

[0112] In some embodiments, if a battery deforms at any position of the battery device 100a in the optical path between the photodetector 40 and the light source 30, the light emitted by the light source 30 will be blocked by the structure at the deformed position, and the light signal collected by the photodetector 40 will be different from the historical light signal.

[0113] The processor 50 can perform battery deformation detection based on these scenarios, the current optical signal, and at least one historical optical signal, and output a battery deformation signal.

[0114] In some embodiments, the aforementioned historical optical signals may include multiple optical signals in chronological order. The processor 50 can determine, from the multiple chronologically ordered optical signals and the current optical signal, the first optical signal corresponding to the start of the optical signal change and the second optical signal corresponding to the end of the optical signal change. The battery deformation is determined using the duration between the first and second optical signals. For example, this duration can be defined as the deformation duration; a longer deformation duration indicates more severe deformation of the battery device 100a and a greater deformation of the battery device 100a. A shorter deformation duration indicates a smaller deformation of the battery device 100a.

[0115] In some embodiments, when the light source 30 and the photodetector 40 are configured, the distance between each photodetector 40 and the light source 30 is different for each light source 30. Because the distance between each photodetector 40 and the light source 30 is different, when the difference between the current optical signal and the historical optical signal of the target photodetector becomes large, it can be determined that battery deformation has occurred at the position of the battery device 100a through which the optical path between the target photodetector and the light source 30 passes.

[0116] In some embodiments, deformation of the battery device 100a includes situations such as bulging and / or breakage that cause changes to the external structure of the battery. For example, bulging and / or breakage of the battery cell 10.

[0117] In this embodiment, the principle of rectilinear propagation of light is utilized to set a light source 30 and at least two photodetectors 40 on the battery device 100a. The light signals collected by the photodetectors 40 are then used to detect battery deformation. The deformation location and / or magnitude of the battery are determined by combining the current light signal and historical light signals, which can achieve the effect of measuring the degree of battery deformation or damage.

[0118] In any embodiment of this application, the battery device 100a may exist in the form of a battery pack. In some embodiments, the battery device 100a may exist in the form of a BMS (BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM) architecture.

[0119] In some embodiments, the processor 50 is further configured to: determine the number of first target optical detection devices based on the amount of change in the current optical signal of each optical detection device 40 relative to the historical optical signal; wherein the first target optical detection device is an optical detection device 40 whose amount of change in the optical signal is greater than a change threshold; and output a battery deformation signal in response to the number of first target optical detection devices being greater than a first quantity threshold.

[0120] The explanation is based on the following: One light source 30 and one photodetector 40.

[0121] The photodetector 40 is disposed on the battery cell 10 in the battery device 100a and is used to collect the light emitted by the light source and output the corresponding light signal.

[0122] The processor 50 is further configured to determine the number of first target optical detection devices based on the change in optical signal of the current optical signal relative to the historical optical signal of the optical detection device 40; wherein the first target optical detection device is an optical detection device whose optical signal change is greater than a change threshold; and output a battery deformation signal in response to the number of first target optical detection devices being greater than a first quantity threshold. That is, when the number of optical detection devices 40 is one, the first quantity threshold is zero. When the change in optical signal of the optical detection device 40 is greater than the change threshold, a battery deformation signal is output to indicate the deformation position and / or deformation amount of the battery device 100a.

[0123] The following explanation is based on the premise that there is one light source 30 and five light detection devices 40:

[0124] Each photodetector 40 is disposed on a battery cell 10 in the battery device 100a and is used to collect light emitted by the light source and output the corresponding light signal.

[0125] The processor 50 is further configured to determine the number of first target optical detection devices based on the change in optical signal of the current optical signal of each optical detection device 40 relative to the historical optical signal; wherein the first target optical detection device is an optical detection device whose optical signal change is greater than a change threshold; in response to the number of first target optical detection devices being greater than a first quantity threshold, a battery deformation signal is output. For example, if the first quantity threshold is two and the number of first target optical detection devices is three, then a battery deformation signal is output to indicate the deformation position and / or deformation amount of the battery device 100a.

[0126] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, by determining the number of first target optical detection devices by determining the optical signal change amount greater than the change threshold, the number of first target optical detection devices is counted. When the number of first target optical detection devices is greater than the first quantity threshold, a battery deformation signal is output, thereby improving the accuracy of deformation detection of battery device 100a.

[0127] In some embodiments, the processor 50 is further configured to: control any one of the at least one light source 30 to emit light; acquire the amount of change in the current light signal of each light detection device 40 relative to the historical light signal; and, in response to the number of second target light detection devices being greater than a second quantity threshold, determine that a battery deformation has occurred at the location of the emitting light source and output a battery deformation signal; wherein the second target light detection device is a light detection device 40 whose amount of change in light signal is greater than a change threshold.

[0128] In some embodiments, the second quantity threshold is equal to the number of photodetectors 40. In some embodiments, the second quantity threshold represents a percentage of all photodetectors 40 that is greater than a threshold. For example, the threshold could be 70%, 80%, or 90%.

[0129] In one application scenario, the following explanation is provided in conjunction with Figure 7:

[0130] As shown in Figure 7, the aforementioned light source 30 includes light source A, and the aforementioned at least two photodetectors 40 include photodetectors B, C, D, E, and F. Light source A, photodetectors B, C, D, E, and F are disposed on the battery device 100a. Photodetectors B, C, D, E, and F are each at different distances from light source A and have different optical paths, as shown by the solid lines in Figure 7. In other words, when the battery device 100a is not deformed, light source A generates light, and photodetectors B, C, D, E, and F can detect different initial light signals.

[0131] As shown in Figure 7, when deformation occurs at light source A, the light path emitted from light source A changes, for example, the light path changes from a solid line to a dashed line in Figure 7. At this time, processor 50 detects that the light signals collected by photodetectors B, C, D, E, and F have all changed compared to the initial light signals. Processor 50 can determine that the battery device 100a has deformed at light source A.

[0132] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, for any light-emitting light source 30, the change in the light signal of the current light signal of each light detection device 40 relative to the historical light signal is obtained. When the number of the second target light detection devices is greater than the second quantity threshold, it is determined that the battery deformation has occurred at the location of the light-emitting light source 30, and the battery deformation signal is output. The battery deformation signal can be used to indicate that the battery deformation has occurred at the location of the light source 30, which is convenient for subsequent deformation positioning detection or maintenance.

[0133] In some embodiments, the processor 50 is further configured to: control any one of the at least one light source 30 to emit light; and, in response to the number of the second target light detection devices being less than or equal to a second quantity threshold and greater than or equal to a third quantity threshold, determine that a battery deformation has occurred at the location of the second target light detection device and output a battery deformation signal.

[0134] In one application scenario, the second quantity threshold is five, and the third quantity threshold is three, as illustrated in Figure 8:

[0135] As shown in Figure 8, the aforementioned light source 30 includes light source A, and the aforementioned at least two photodetectors 40 include photodetectors B, C, D, E, and F. Light source A, photodetectors B, C, D, E, and F are disposed on the battery device 100a. Photodetectors B, C, D, E, and F are each at different distances from light source A and have different optical paths, as shown by the solid lines in Figure 8. In other words, when the battery device 100a is not deformed, light source A generates light, and photodetectors B, C, D, E, and F can detect different initial light signals.

[0136] As shown in Figure 8, if battery deformation occurs at photodetector B, the light signal received by photodetector B changes; if battery deformation occurs at photodetector C, the light signal received by photodetector C changes; and if battery deformation occurs at photodetector D, the light signal received by photodetector D changes, as if the optical path changes from a solid line to a dashed line in Figure 8. At this time, processor 50 detects changes in the light signals received by photodetectors B, C, and D, while the light signals collected by photodetectors E and F remain unchanged compared to the initial light signals. Processor 50 can determine that battery deformation has occurred in battery device 100a at photodetectors B, C, and D.

[0137] The same principle applies to battery deformation occurring at any other optical detection device, which will not be elaborated here.

[0138] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, for any light source 30, the change in the current light signal of each light detection device 40 relative to the historical light signal is obtained. When the number of second target light detection devices is less than or equal to a second quantity threshold and greater than or equal to a third quantity threshold, it is determined that the battery deformation has occurred at the location of the second target light detection device, and a battery deformation signal is output. The battery deformation signal can be used to indicate that the battery deformation has occurred at the location of the corresponding light detection device 40, which is convenient for subsequent deformation positioning detection or maintenance.

[0139] In some embodiments, the processor 50 is further configured to: control any one of the at least one light source 30 to emit light; and, in response to a change in the amount of light signal change of the current light signal of any photodetector 40 relative to the historical light signal being greater than a change threshold, determine that a battery deformation has occurred at the location of the corresponding photodetector 40, and output a battery deformation signal.

[0140] In one application scenario, the following explanation is provided in conjunction with Figure 9:

[0141] As shown in Figure 9, the aforementioned light source 30 includes light source A, and the aforementioned at least two photodetectors 40 include photodetectors B, C, D, E, and F. Light source A, photodetectors B, C, D, E, and F are disposed on the battery device 100a. Photodetectors B, C, D, E, and F are each at different distances from light source A and have different optical paths, as shown by the solid lines in Figure 7. In other words, when the battery device 100a is not deformed, light source A generates light, and photodetectors B, C, D, E, and F can detect different initial light signals.

[0142] As shown in Figure 9, when battery deformation occurs at photodetector B, the optical signal received by photodetector B changes, as if the optical path changes from a solid line to a dashed line in Figure 9. At this time, processor 50 detects the change in the optical signal received by photodetector B, while the optical signals collected by photodetectors C, D, E, and F remain unchanged compared to the initial optical signal. Processor 50 can determine that battery deformation has occurred in battery device 100a at photodetector B.

[0143] The same principle applies to the battery deformation at any of the other 40 locations of the optical detection device, which will not be elaborated here.

[0144] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, for any light source 30, when the change in the light signal of any photodetector 40 is greater than the change threshold, a battery deformation signal is output to indicate the location of the battery deformation at the location of the photodetector 40, which can determine the location of the deformation of the battery device 100a, facilitating subsequent deformation positioning detection or maintenance.

[0145] In some embodiments, the processor 50 is further configured to: calculate the deformation of the battery device 100a based on the change in the current optical signal of each optical detection device 40 relative to the historical optical signal, and output the battery deformation signal.

[0146] In some embodiments, the greater the deformation of the battery device 100a, the greater its impact on the optical signal collected by the photodetector 40. Therefore, the magnitude of the deformation of the battery device 100a can be proportional to the change in the optical signal corresponding to the photodetector 40. The proportionality coefficient between the magnitude of the deformation of the battery device 100a and the change in the optical signal corresponding to the photodetector 40 can be determined in advance using experimental data. Then, during actual detection, the corresponding deformation of the battery device 100a can be calculated using this proportionality coefficient and the change in the optical signal.

[0147] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the deformation of the battery device 100a is calculated based on the change in the current optical signal of each optical detection device 40 relative to the historical optical signal, and a battery deformation signal is output to indicate the deformation of the battery device 100a, which can achieve the effect of measuring the degree of battery deformation or damage.

[0148] In some embodiments, the processor 50 is further configured to: control any one of the at least one light source 30 to emit light; determine a scaling factor corresponding to each light detection device 40 based on the distance between the light detection device 40 and the light emitting light source 30; and output a battery deformation signal based on the product of the change in light signal and the scaling factor, wherein the battery deformation signal is used to indicate the deformation of the battery device 100a.

[0149] Because the greater the distance, the smaller the light signal collected by the photodetector 40, there is essentially a proportional relationship between the distance between the photodetector 40 and the light source 30. This proportional relationship can be determined in advance based on the distance between the photodetector 40 and the light source 30, resulting in a corresponding proportionality coefficient. Then, based on the product of the change in light signal and the proportionality coefficient, the battery deformation signal is output.

[0150] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, by combining the scaling factor corresponding to each optical detection device 40, and based on the product of the optical signal change and the scaling factor, a battery deformation signal is output to indicate the deformation of the battery device 100a, which can achieve the effect of measuring the degree of battery deformation or damage, and facilitate the subsequent maintenance of the battery device 100a.

[0151] In some embodiments, the processor 50 is further configured to: control any one of the at least one light source 30 to emit light; acquire the amount of change in the current light signal of each photodetector 40 relative to the historical light signal; and output a battery deformation signal in response to a negative amount of change in the light signal of any photodetector 40, wherein the battery deformation signal is used to indicate that the deformation position of the battery device 100a occurs in the optical path between the emitting light source 30 and the photodetector 40.

[0152] In one application scenario, the following explanation is provided in conjunction with Figure 10:

[0153] As shown in Figure 10, the aforementioned light source 30 includes light source A, and the aforementioned at least two photodetectors 40 include photodetectors B, C, D, E, and F. Light source A, photodetectors B, C, D, E, and F are disposed on the battery device 100a. Photodetectors B, C, D, E, and F are each at different distances from light source A and have different optical paths. In other words, when the battery device 100a is not deformed, light source A generates light, and photodetectors B, C, D, E, and F can detect different initial light signals.

[0154] As shown in Figure 10, the battery device 100a deforms at the position between the photodetector B and the light source A, such as deformation structure X. This changes the light signal received by the photodetector B. The processor 50 detects that the light signal received by the photodetector B has decreased (the change in the light signal of the photodetector B is negative). The processor 50 can determine that battery deformation has occurred in the optical path between the photodetector B and the light source A. That is, when the processor 50 detects a negative change in the light signal of either photodetector, it outputs a battery deformation signal, which indicates that the deformation of the battery device 100a occurs in the optical path between the light-emitting light source and the photodetector.

[0155] In other embodiments, due to positional relationships, as shown in FIG11, the battery deforms at the position between the photodetector B and the light source A, such as by a deformed structure X. This alters the light signal received by the photodetector B, and the deformed structure X reflects light, thus changing the light signals collected by the other photodetectors. For example, the deformed structure X reflects light originally directed at the photodetector B to the photodetector D. The processor 50 detects that the light signal received by the photodetector B has decreased, while the light signal collected by the photodetector D has increased compared to the initial light signal. The processor 50 can determine that battery deformation has occurred in the optical path between the photodetector B and the light source A. That is, when the processor detects that the light signal received by the first target photodetector among several photodetectors has decreased, while the light signal collected by at least one of the other photodetectors has increased compared to the initial light signal, the processor 50 can determine that battery deformation has occurred in the optical path between the first target photodetector and the light source in the battery device 100a.

[0156] The specific location where battery deformation occurs can be determined based on the change in optical signal corresponding to each photodetector and the positional relationship between each photodetector. For example, if the light source and photodetectors are located after the battery device 100a, their specific locations, as well as the distances between the light source and each photodetector, can be determined in advance. See Figure 12 for further explanation.

[0157] Let's define the position of light source A as point a, the position of photodetector B as point b, the position of photodetector D as point d, and the position of deformable structure X as point x. The distance from point d to point x can be determined based on the change in the light signal of photodetector D. Thus, the processor can determine the position of point x on the line connecting points a and b based on the positional relationships of points a, b, and d. Specifically, if the distance between points a and b is greater than the distance between points a and d, there may be two points on the line connecting points a and b with the same distance to point x; in this case, the point closer to point a is selected as point x. If the distance between points a and b is less than the distance between points a and d, there may be one point on the line connecting points a and b with the same distance to point x; in this case, that point is selected as point x. Therefore, the processor 50 can determine the position of deformable structure X.

[0158] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, for any light-emitting light source 30, the change in the current light signal of each photodetector relative to the historical light signal is obtained. When the change in the light signal of any photodetector is negative, a battery deformation signal is output to indicate that the deformation position of the battery device 100a occurs in the optical path between the light-emitting light source and the photodetector. This can accurately determine the position of deformation on the battery device 100a, which is convenient for subsequent deformation positioning detection or maintenance.

[0159] In some embodiments, the processor 50 is further configured to: obtain the expansion value corresponding to each battery cell 10, and compensate for the deformation of the battery device 100a based on the expansion value.

[0160] The expansion value corresponding to battery cell 10 can be obtained in advance from the datasheet, or it can be obtained through experiments on battery cells 10 of the same type.

[0161] The deformation rate corresponding to the expansion value is less than the preset deformation rate, where the deformation rate is the ratio of the deformation amount to the preset duration. This lower-than-preset deformation rate ensures reasonable compensation for the battery device's deformation, thereby improving the accuracy of the output battery deformation signal.

[0162] In some embodiments, the preset deformation rate can be obtained from the deformation caused by a malfunction of the battery device 100a.

[0163] In some embodiments, the preset deformation rate can be obtained from the deformation generated when the battery device 100a performs a ball-hitting test.

[0164] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the deformation of the battery device 100a is compensated by the expansion value to improve the accuracy of the output battery deformation signal.

[0165] In some embodiments, the light source 30 includes a target light source and at least one other light source, and the processor 50 is further configured to: control the target light source in at least one light source 30 to emit light; and control the target light source to stop emitting light in response to an output battery deformation signal, and control at least one other light source to emit light.

[0166] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, after the target light source emits a battery deformation signal, the target light source is controlled to stop emitting light, and at least one other light source is controlled to emit light, so as to use the other light sources to further verify whether the previous battery deformation signal is incorrect, thereby improving the accuracy of the detection of the battery device 100a.

[0167] In some embodiments, the processor 50 is further configured to: in response to the processor 50 not generating a battery deformation signal when each of the remaining light sources emits light, output a state correction signal, wherein the state correction signal is used to indicate that the battery device 100a has not deformed and the target light source has failed.

[0168] Furthermore, upon receiving a status correction signal, the faulty light source can be located based on the status correction signal, and it will no longer be used in subsequent use, and will be replaced when the time for replacement is right.

[0169] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, when each of the other light sources is emitting light, the processor does not generate a battery deformation signal, but outputs a state correction signal so that the state correction signal can know the actual situation and improve the accuracy of battery device 100a detection.

[0170] In some embodiments, the processor 50 is further configured to: determine the actual deformation position of the battery device 100a based on the deformation position indicated by at least two battery deformation signals.

[0171] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the actual deformation position of the battery device 100a is determined based on the deformation position indicated by at least two battery deformation signals. This can more accurately locate the actual deformation position of the battery device 100a and improve the accuracy of battery device 100a detection.

[0172] In one application scenario, the battery management system 200 described above may include light source A and light source G, and at least two photodetectors 40. During battery detection, light source A is controlled to emit light; in response to the output battery deformation signal, light source A is controlled to stop emitting light, and light source G is controlled to emit light.

[0173] In response to the fact that the processor 50 does not generate a battery deformation signal when the light source G emits light, it outputs a state correction signal, wherein the state correction signal is used to indicate that the battery device 100a has not deformed and the target light source is faulty.

[0174] The processor 50 determines the actual deformation position of the battery device 100a based on the deformation position indicated by the two battery deformation signals.

[0175] For example, since each light source and each photodetector has a corresponding optical path during normal optical communication, there are intersections between the optical paths when all light sources are turned on. Therefore, by utilizing the characteristic of optical path intersection, the grid formed by the intersection can be defined as an intersection grid in advance. Then, during the deformation detection of the battery device 100a, the intersection grid corresponding to the battery deformation can be determined based on the change in the light signal collected by each photodetector when each light source is turned on. That is, the processor 50 combines all battery deformation signals to obtain a map of the intersection grids formed between all light sources and photodetectors, and determines the target intersection grid from the intersection grid map based on the change in the light signal; where the position of the target intersection grid represents the position of the battery deformation. Using the map of the intersection grids formed between all light sources and photodetectors for battery deformation detection can quickly locate the deformation position and / or deformation magnitude of the battery, and can achieve the effect of measuring the degree of battery deformation or damage.

[0176] In some embodiments, the battery management system 200 further includes a light guide (not shown). The light guide is connected between at least one light source 30 and at least one photodetector 40 for guiding the connected light source 30 and photodetector 40 to perform optical communication.

[0177] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, a light guide is used to guide the connected light source 30 and photodetector 40 to perform optical communication, thereby realizing optical communication between the light source 30 and the photodetector 40 and solving the communication problem when the light source 30 and the photodetector 40 are on different surfaces.

[0178] In some embodiments, the distance between each light source 30 and each photodetector 40 and the light source 30 is different.

[0179] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, for each light source 30, the distance between each photodetector 40 and the light source 30 is different, so that the initial light signal collected by each photodetector 40 is different. When battery deformation occurs, the deformation position and / or deformation amount of the battery device 100a can be quickly determined according to the distance relationship, and the effect of measuring the degree of battery deformation or damage can be achieved.

[0180] In some embodiments, each photodetector 40 is disposed on a corresponding battery management component, which is disposed on a battery cell 10.

[0181] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, each photodetector 40 is disposed on a corresponding battery management component, and the battery management component is disposed on a battery cell 10, which can combine different modules to reduce the overall volume of the battery device 100a.

[0182] The technical solution of this application can also be applied to ball impact testing scenarios:

[0183] In the battery ball impact test scenario, the light source 30 and / or the photodetector 40 are positioned at the ball impact location of the battery device 100a. Since the ball impact location needs to be determined in advance, the light source 30 and / or the photodetector 40 can be positioned at the ball impact location of the battery device 100a to quickly detect battery deformation using the optical communication principle between the light source 30 and the photodetector 40.

[0184] In a battery ball-impact test scenario, the light source 30 is positioned at the impact point of the battery device 100a. After the ball-impact test is performed on the battery device 100a, the processor 50 collects the optical signals acquired by each photodetector 40 in real time or periodically. When the change in the optical signal corresponding to each photodetector 40 is greater than a threshold, it indicates that battery deformation has occurred at the location of the light source 30.

[0185] In a battery ball-impact test scenario, a photodetector 40 is positioned at the impact point of the battery device 100a. After the ball-impact test is performed on the battery device 100a, the processor 50 collects the light signal acquired by each photodetector in real time or periodically. When the processor 50 detects that the change in the light signal corresponding to any photodetector exceeds a threshold, it indicates that battery deformation has occurred at the location of that photodetector.

[0186] In a battery ball-impact test scenario, a light source 30 and a photodetector 40 are positioned at different impact locations on the battery device 100a. After the battery device 100a undergoes a ball-impact test, a processor 50 collects the light signal acquired by each photodetector in real time or periodically. When the processor 50 detects that the change in the light signal corresponding to each photodetector 40 is greater than a threshold, it indicates that battery deformation has occurred at the location of the light source 30.

[0187] In the battery ball impact test scenario, the light source 30 and / or the light detection device 40 are set at the ball impact position of the battery device 100a, which can quickly know the battery deformation at the ball impact position and reduce the difficulty of calculating the battery deformation position.

[0188] In one application scenario, the quantitative testing scheme for the deformation generated inside the battery during the ball impact test at the bottom is as follows: it is mainly achieved through a light source driving circuit and a light intensity detection unit.

[0189] The light source driving circuit mainly includes the light source control signal and the light-emitting diode (LED). The LED is selected to be a type that focuses the light source, so that the photoresistors (photodetectors) at different positions can sense different light intensities.

[0190] The number of photoresistors can be determined based on the actual situation, such as 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 15, or 20. As the light intensity increases, the resistance of the photoresistors decreases, and the smaller the resistance, the smaller the output voltage. Using photoresistors for light signal acquisition is advantageous because photoresistors are small and inexpensive, reducing the size and hardware cost of battery detection devices.

[0191] The light intensity detection unit (processor) uses this to identify which photoresistor has the strongest light intensity by detecting the magnitude of the output voltage value. The positional offset of the photoresistor with the strongest original horizontal position is the deformation generated during the ball impact test at the bottom of the battery.

[0192] During the ball impact test, the magnitude of the deformation is characterized by the offset between the light intensity detected by light intensity detection units at different positions and the position of maximum light intensity detected by light intensity detection units at different positions before the test, thus achieving quantitative testing. For example, if there are 5 photoresistors, designated as photoresistors at positions 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, before the ball impact test, the photoresistor at position 3 receives the strongest light signal. During and after the test, the photoresistor at positions 2 or 1 detects the strongest light signal. The offset relative to the original photoresistor at position 3 at this point represents the magnitude of the deformation.

[0193] In one application scenario, the optical detection device and the light source are respectively mounted on different battery management components of the battery under test, with the battery management components mounted on the outer surface of the battery. Mounting the optical detection device and the light source on the battery management components allows for the combination of different modules, thereby reducing the overall size of the battery and simplifying the installation of the battery detection device.

[0194] Furthermore, because light travels in a straight line, the optical communication section of the battery management controller (CMC) module needs to be installed horizontally, requiring the addition of light guides at corners. That is, the light source and some of the photodetectors are positioned on different sides of the battery to be tested, and optical path switching is performed between the light source and some of the photodetectors via light guides. To ensure normal optical communication, optical path switching is performed between the light source and some of the photodetectors, thereby ensuring the subsequent normal implementation of the battery deformation detection function.

[0195] When the battery device 100a undergoes a bottom ball impact test, if its protective capability is weak, internal structural deformation will occur. The battery management component (battery management controller module) fixed inside the battery device 100a may be affected by the test and its position may shift. If the shift is too large and causes the horizontally mounted optical communication path to shift, communication between the battery management components (CMC modules) will be interrupted.

[0196] Therefore, the degree of deformation of the battery device 100a can be identified by the communication status of the battery management component during the ball impact test, and an effective safety warning can be given for the ball impact protection capability of the bottom of the battery.

[0197] Referring to Figures 13 and 14, as shown in Figure 13, under normal battery conditions, the LEDs and photodiodes on CMC1 and CMC2 can communicate normally. When the position of the battery device 100a involved between CMC1 and CMC2 is deformed, as shown in Figure 14, the optical path between the LEDs and photodiodes on CMC1 and CMC2 shifts, and the light signal received by the photodiode changes. Therefore, the degree of deformation of the battery device 100a can be identified, providing an effective safety warning regarding the battery's bottom ball impact protection capability. Furthermore, placing the photodetector 40 and the light source 30 on the battery management component allows for the combination of different modules, thereby reducing the overall size of the battery and simplifying the installation of the photodetector 40 and the light source 30.

[0198] Referring to Figure 15, Figure 15 is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of the battery testing method provided in this application. This battery testing method is applied to the battery management system of any of the above embodiments. The battery testing method includes:

[0199] Step 151: Receive the historical optical signal and the current optical signal collected by each optical detection device.

[0200] The historical optical signal was acquired earlier than the current optical signal; the optical detection device is located on the battery cell 10 in the battery device 100a, and the light source corresponding to the current optical signal is located inside the battery device 100a.

[0201] Step 152: Detect battery deformation based on the current optical signal and at least one historical optical signal, and output a battery deformation signal; wherein the battery deformation signal is used to indicate the deformation position and / or deformation amount of the battery device 100a.

[0202] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, at least one light source and at least one light detection device are set in the battery device 100a using the principle of rectilinear propagation of light. Then, the processor receives the historical light signal and the current light signal collected by each light detection device to perform battery deformation detection and outputs a battery deformation signal to indicate the deformation position and / or deformation amount of the battery device 100a, thereby achieving the effect of measuring the deformation position and / or deformation amount of the battery device 100a.

[0203] In some embodiments, the battery device 100a includes at least one battery cell 10 and a battery management system 200.

[0204] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the battery management system of the battery device 100a utilizes the principle of rectilinear propagation of light to set at least one light source and at least one light detection device within the battery device 100a. Then, the processor receives the historical light signal and the current light signal collected by each light detection device to perform battery deformation detection and outputs a battery deformation signal to indicate the deformation position and / or deformation amount of the battery device 100a, thereby achieving the effect of measuring the deformation position and / or deformation amount of the battery device 100a.

[0205] In some embodiments, this application also provides an electrical device. The electrical device includes the battery device 100a of any of the above embodiments.

[0206] In summary, the battery management system, battery detection method, battery device 100a, and electrical equipment provided in this application utilize the principle of rectilinear propagation of light. At least one light source and at least one light detection device are installed within the battery device 100a. A processor then receives historical and current light signals collected by each light detection device to detect battery deformation and outputs a battery deformation signal indicating the deformation position and / or deformation amount of the battery device 100a, thereby achieving the effect of measuring the deformation position and / or deformation amount of the battery device 100a.

[0207] In some embodiments, the functions or modules of the apparatus provided in this disclosure can be used to perform the methods described in the above method embodiments. The specific implementation can be referred to the description of the above method embodiments, and for the sake of brevity, it will not be repeated here.

[0208] The description of the various embodiments above tends to emphasize the differences between the various embodiments. The similarities or similarities between them can be referred to, and for the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here.

[0209] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed methods and apparatus can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus implementations described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of modules or units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0210] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0211] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) or processor to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0212] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of this application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery management system, characterized by, The battery management system comprises: at least one light source arranged in the battery device; at least one light detection device arranged on a battery cell in the battery device, configured to collect light emitted by the light source and output a corresponding light signal; a processor configured to receive a historical light signal and a current light signal collected by each light detection device, wherein the collection time of the historical light signal is earlier than the collection time of the current light signal; based on the current light signal and at least one historical light signal, battery deformation detection is performed to output a battery deformation signal; wherein the battery deformation signal is used to indicate the deformation position and / or deformation amount of the battery device.

2. The battery management system of claim 1, wherein, The processor is further configured to: determine the number of first target light detection devices based on the light signal change amount of the current light signal relative to the historical light signal of each light detection device; wherein the first target light detection device is a light detection device with a light signal change amount greater than a change threshold; in response to the number of first target light detection devices being greater than a first number threshold, output the battery deformation signal.

3. The battery management system of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The processor is further configured to: control any light source in the at least one light source to emit light; obtain the light signal change amount of the current light signal relative to the historical light signal of each light detector; in response to the number of second target light detection devices being greater than a second number threshold, determine that the position of the light source emitting light is deformed, and output the battery deformation signal; wherein the second target light detection device is a light detection device with a light signal change amount greater than a change amount threshold.

4. The battery management system of claim 3, wherein, The processor is further configured to: control any light source in the at least one light source; in response to the number of second target light detection devices being less than or equal to the second number threshold and greater than or equal to a third number threshold, determine that the position of the second target light detection device is deformed, and output the battery deformation signal.

5. The battery management system of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The processor is further configured to: control any light source in the least one light source to emit light; in response to the light signal change amount of the current light signal relative to the historical light signal of any light detection device being greater than a change threshold, determine that the position of the corresponding light detection device is deformed, and output the battery deformation signal.

6. The battery management system of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The processor is further configured: based on the light signal change amount of the current light signal relative to the historical light signal of each of the light detection devices, calculate the deformation amount of the battery device, and output the battery deformation signal.

7. The battery management system of claim 6, wherein, The processor is further configured to: control any light source of the at least one light source to emit light; determine a proportional coefficient corresponding to each light detection device based on the distance between the light detection device and the light source emitting light; based on the product of the light signal change amount and the proportional coefficient, output the battery deformation signal, wherein the battery deformation signal is used to indicate the deformation amount of the battery device.

8. The battery management system of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The processor is further configured to: control any light source of the at least one light source; obtain the light signal change amount of the current light signal relative to the historical light signal for each light detection device; The light signal change amount of any one of the light detection devices is negative, and the battery deformation signal is output, wherein the battery deformation signal is used to indicate that the deformation position of the battery device is on the light path between the light source and the light detection device.

9. The battery management system of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The processor is further configured to: acquire an expansion value corresponding to each battery monomer, and compensate the deformation amount of the battery device based on the expansion value.

10. The battery management system of claim 9, wherein, The deformation change rate corresponding to the expansion value is less than a preset deformation change rate, wherein the deformation change rate is the ratio of the deformation amount to a preset time length.

11. The battery management system of claim 1, wherein, The light source includes a target light source and at least one remaining light source, and the processor is further configured to: control the target light source in the at least one light source to emit light; in response to outputting the battery deformation signal, control the target light source to stop emitting light, and control at least one of the remaining light sources to emit light.

12. The battery management system of claim 11, wherein, The processor is further configured to: in response to the processor not generating the battery deformation signal under the condition that each of the remaining light sources emits light, output a state correction signal, wherein the state correction signal is used to indicate that the battery device does not deform and the target light source fails.

13. The battery management system of claim 11, wherein, The processor is further configured to: determine the actual deformation position of the battery device based on the deformation positions of the battery device indicated by the at least two battery deformation signals.

14. The battery management system of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The light source is arranged on the inner wall of the box of the battery device or on the battery monomer.

15. The battery management system of claim 1, wherein, The battery management system further includes: a light guide pipe connected between the at least one light source and the at least one light detection device, and used to guide the connected light source and light detection device to communicate light.

16. The battery management system of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The distance between each light detection device and the light source is different for each light source.

17. The battery management system of claim 1, wherein, Each light detection device is arranged on a corresponding battery management component, and the battery management component is arranged on the battery monomer.

18. A battery detection method, comprising: The battery detection method includes: receiving a historical light signal and a current light signal collected by each light detection device, wherein the collection time of the historical light signal is earlier than the collection time of the current light signal; the light detection device is arranged on a battery monomer in a battery device, and a light source corresponding to the current light signal is arranged in the battery device; performing battery deformation detection based on the current light signal and at least one historical light signal, and outputting a battery deformation signal; wherein the battery deformation signal is used to indicate the deformation position and / or deformation amount of the battery device.

19. A battery device characterized by comprising: The battery device includes at least one battery monomer and the battery management system according to any one of claims 1-17.

20. An electrical device, comprising: The power consumption equipment includes the battery device according to claim 19.

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