Fire-fighting control method for energy storage system, and energy storage system

Abstract

A fire-fighting control method for an energy storage system, and an energy storage system. The method comprises: dividing an energy storage system into fire-fighting control zones at multiple levels according to battery system levels; acquiring fire situation feature information corresponding to each fire-fighting control zone, and on the basis of the fire situation feature information, sending corresponding fire-fighting commands to fire-fighting apparatuses in the fire-fighting control zones at the multiple levels; and controlling the fire-fighting apparatuses in the fire-fighting control zones at the multiple levels to execute fire fighting on the basis of the corresponding fire-fighting commands.

Description

Fire control methods for energy storage systems and energy storage systems

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202510093669.8, filed with the Chinese Patent Office on January 21, 2025, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of battery technology, specifically to a fire control method for an energy storage system and an energy storage system. Background Technology

[0003] With the development of smart grid construction, the demand for battery energy storage is constantly increasing. Energy storage systems are being widely used. Due to limitations in energy density and space, energy storage systems are generally densely packed, and there is no personnel to monitor their operation in real time, which can easily lead to fire and explosion accidents. Therefore, providing an energy storage system with fire control functions is of great significance for ensuring the safe operation of energy storage systems.

[0004] In related technologies, the fire control strategy of energy storage systems usually involves spraying water to cool down the battery compartment when thermal runaway is detected. However, this fire control strategy targets only one level and cannot ensure the accuracy of fire control in energy storage systems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of this application provide a fire control method and an energy storage system for an energy storage system, which can provide fire control and protection for multi-level fire control zones, ensure the accuracy of fire control of the energy storage system, and improve the fire safety of the energy storage system.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a fire control method for an energy storage system, the fire control method for the energy storage system comprising:

[0007] The energy storage system is divided into multiple fire control zones according to the battery system level;

[0008] Obtain fire characteristic information corresponding to each fire control zone, and send corresponding fire-fighting instructions to fire-fighting devices in multiple levels of fire control zones based on the fire characteristic information;

[0009] The fire-fighting devices in multiple fire control zones are controlled to extinguish fires according to the corresponding fire commands.

[0010] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an energy storage system, a battery compartment, the battery compartment including multiple battery clusters, each battery cluster including multiple battery packs;

[0011] A fire control system, comprising a fire detection device, a fire-fighting device, and a controller, wherein the controller is communicatively connected to the battery management system of the battery pack;

[0012] The controller is used to perform the method as described in the first aspect.

[0013] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a fire control device for the energy storage system, the fire control device for the energy storage system comprising:

[0014] A partitioning module is used to divide the energy storage system into multiple fire control zones according to the battery system hierarchy;

[0015] The sending module is used to acquire fire feature information corresponding to each fire control zone, and send corresponding fire-fighting instructions to fire-fighting devices in multiple levels of fire control zones based on the fire feature information.

[0016] The control module is used to control the fire-fighting devices in multiple fire control zones to perform fire extinguishing according to the corresponding fire-fighting instructions.

[0017] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps in the fire control method of the energy storage system described above.

[0018] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the fire control method for the energy storage system described above.

[0019] Sixthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product, including a computer program / instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are used to perform the steps in the fire control method of the energy storage system described above.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this application are:

[0021] In the embodiments of this application, by implementing multi-level fire control of the energy storage system, fire control and protection can be carried out for multi-level (battery pack level, battery cluster level, battery compartment level) fire control areas, ensuring the accuracy of fire control of the energy storage system and improving the fire safety of the energy storage system. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of the fire control method for an energy storage system provided in this application.

[0024] Figure 2 is a top view of the package-level detection device and fire-fighting device in the energy storage system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0025] Figure 3 is a front view of the cabin-level detection device and fire-fighting device in the energy storage system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0026] Figure 4 is a top view of the cabin-level detection device and fire-fighting device in the energy storage system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0027] Figure 5 is a top view of the cluster-level detection device and fire-fighting device in the energy storage system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0028] Figure 6 is a flowchart of the fire control process of the energy storage system provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the energy storage system provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the fire control device for the energy storage system provided in this application;

[0031] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the electronic device provided in this application. Embodiments of the present invention

[0032] Energy storage safety is a critical aspect of energy storage systems. Sodium-ion batteries, as a promising new energy storage technology, require systems equipped with fire control functions to ensure stable and safe operation, thus promoting the further adoption of sodium-ion energy storage technology. Currently, fire control systems used for electrochemical energy storage are generally designed for lithium-ion battery systems, and there is no mature solution specifically adapted to sodium-ion battery systems. Sodium-ion batteries differ from lithium-ion batteries in terms of material thermal stability and thermal runaway characteristics. Simply copying the fire control schemes of lithium-ion battery systems is not the optimal solution. For example, when thermal runaway is detected in the battery compartment, using sprinkler cooling for fire control is limited to a single level and cannot ensure the accuracy of fire control for the entire energy storage system.

[0033] In view of this, this application proposes a fire control method for an energy storage system to provide fire control and protection for multi-level fire control zones, ensuring the accuracy of fire control in the energy storage system and improving the fire safety of the energy storage system.

[0034] Figure 1 shows a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of the fire control method for an energy storage system according to this application. The fire control method for the energy storage system includes:

[0035] S101. The energy storage system is divided into multiple fire control zones according to the battery system level.

[0036] The battery system hierarchy includes the battery pack level, battery cluster level, and battery compartment level. The battery type can be lithium-ion, lead-acid, nickel-cadmium, or sodium-ion, etc.

[0037] Specifically, the energy storage system can be divided into multiple fire control zones according to the three levels in the battery system hierarchy.

[0038] S102. Obtain fire characteristic information corresponding to each fire control zone, and send corresponding fire-fighting instructions to fire-fighting devices in multiple levels of fire control zones based on the fire characteristic information.

[0039] Among them, fire characteristic information refers to data such as information or signals related to the fire in the corresponding fire control zone. Data related to thermal runaway in each fire control zone, such as temperature and gas concentration, can be collected through different types of detectors, composite detectors, or battery management systems.

[0040] Each level is equipped with corresponding fire-fighting devices. For example, the battery pack-level fire-fighting devices may include a battery pack-level fire extinguishing module and a battery pack-level alarm module. The battery pack-level fire extinguishing module may include a battery pack-level pressure relief unit and a battery pack-level fire extinguishing unit. The battery pack-level alarm module is used to issue alarm signals; for example, it may be a combination of a voice alarm, a sound and light alarm, and an alarm bell. The battery pack-level fire extinguishing module is used to extinguish fires in the battery pack and includes a battery pack-level fire extinguishing unit and a battery pack-level pressure relief unit. The battery pack-level fire extinguishing unit may be a gaseous fire extinguishing device. The gaseous fire extinguishing device may be fixed to the maintenance window of the energy storage system. The gaseous fire extinguishing device may use aerosol or perfluorohexanone extinguishing agents, be non-pressurized, and can be triggered by either hot start or electric start. The battery pack-level pressure relief unit may be an electrically controlled safety valve, which may be installed on the battery pack casing. The pressure relief unit is used to discharge gas inside the battery pack, achieving pressure relief and reducing the concentration of thermal runaway gas.

[0041] For battery cluster-level fire suppression systems, these systems can include battery cluster-level fire extinguishing modules and battery cluster-level alarm modules. The battery cluster-level fire extinguishing module can include a battery cluster-level pressure relief unit and a battery cluster-level fire extinguishing unit. The battery cluster-level alarm module can be the same as the battery pack-level alarm module, and will not be elaborated further here. The battery cluster-level fire extinguishing module is used to extinguish fires in battery clusters and includes a battery cluster-level fire extinguishing unit and a battery cluster-level pressure relief unit. The battery cluster-level fire extinguishing unit can be a gaseous fire extinguishing device.

[0042] For battery compartment-level fire protection devices, they may include battery compartment-level fire extinguishing modules and battery compartment-level alarm modules. The battery compartment-level fire extinguishing modules may include water sprinkler network systems and explosion-proof modules.

[0043] Specifically, for each fire control zone, the fire characteristic information is analyzed to determine the fire analysis results for each fire control zone. Based on these results, a fire control strategy is determined for each fire control zone, leading to corresponding fire commands. These commands are then sent to the fire-fighting devices in each fire control zone. In this embodiment, for each fire control zone, fire commands for the corresponding fire-fighting devices are determined based on their respective fire characteristic information to achieve multi-level fire control.

[0044] S103. Control fire-fighting devices in multiple fire control zones to perform fire extinguishing according to corresponding fire-fighting instructions.

[0045] Specifically, the system controls fire-fighting devices in multiple fire control zones to execute fire suppression according to corresponding fire commands, thus achieving fire control and protection for each level of fire control zone. Understandably, because it implements multi-level fire control for the energy storage system, it can provide fire control and protection for multiple levels of fire control zones, ensuring the accuracy of fire control for the energy storage system and improving its fire safety.

[0046] The fire control method for the aforementioned energy storage system divides the energy storage system into multiple fire control zones according to the battery system hierarchy; acquires fire characteristic information corresponding to each fire control zone; sends corresponding fire commands to the fire-fighting devices in the multiple fire control zones based on the fire characteristic information; and controls the fire-fighting devices in the multiple fire control zones to execute fire extinguishing according to the corresponding fire commands. This method can provide fire control and protection for multiple fire control zones, ensure the accuracy of fire control for the energy storage system, and improve the fire safety of the energy storage system.

[0047] In some embodiments, the fire control zone includes a compartment-level fire control zone corresponding to the space where the battery compartment is located in the battery system, and / or a cluster-level fire control zone corresponding to the space where each battery cluster in the battery compartment is located, and / or a pack-level fire control zone corresponding to the space where each battery pack in the battery cluster is located. Acquiring fire characteristic information corresponding to each of the fire control zones includes: monitoring at least one of the following in the pack-level fire control zone: battery pack temperature, battery pack combustible gas concentration, battery pack sound, and battery pack expansion force, using a pack-level detection device in the energy storage system; and monitoring the current status information of the battery pack through the battery management system of the battery pack. The system obtains fire characteristic information corresponding to the package-level fire control zone by monitoring at least one of the following: battery compartment temperature, battery compartment combustible gas concentration, battery compartment smoke concentration, battery compartment fire image, battery compartment thermal image, and battery compartment air pressure within the package-level fire control zone using the compartment-level detection device in the energy storage system; and / or, the system obtains fire characteristic information corresponding to the cluster-level fire control zone by monitoring at least one of the following: battery cluster temperature, battery cluster combustible gas concentration, battery cluster smoke concentration, battery cluster fire image, and battery cluster thermal image within the cluster-level fire control zone using the cluster-level detection device in the energy storage system.

[0048] The pack-level detection device can be a combination of a battery management system and multiple or composite detectors. These detectors can be temperature detectors, hydrogen detectors, carbon monoxide detectors, organic compound gas detectors, sound detectors, pressure detectors, etc. The corresponding fire characteristic information includes at least one of the following: battery pack temperature, battery pack flammable gas concentration, battery pack sound, and battery pack expansion force, as well as the current battery pack status information. The current battery pack status information can be at least one of the following: current temperature, current voltage, current state of charge (SOC), and current state of health (SOH). Figure 2 shows a top view of the pack-level detection device and fire suppression system in the energy storage system.

[0049] Pressure detectors are used to detect the expansion force inside the battery pack. Since the battery cells in the battery pack will experience increased expansion force in the early stages of thermal runaway, by setting up pressure detectors, the fire characteristics of the battery pack can be detected in the first instance.

[0050] Sound detectors are used to detect sounds at specific frequencies. Since the cells in the battery pack will open abnormally when thermal runaway occurs, sound detectors can detect the fire characteristics of the battery pack in the first instance.

[0051] The compartment-level detection device can be a combination of multiple detectors or composite detectors, such as a barometric pressure detector, infrared detector, hydrogen detector, carbon monoxide detector, organic compound gas detector, visible light camera, and infrared camera. The corresponding fire characteristic information includes at least one of the following: battery compartment temperature, battery compartment combustible gas concentration, battery compartment smoke concentration, battery compartment fire image, battery compartment thermal image, and battery compartment air pressure, thus obtaining the fire characteristic information corresponding to the battery compartment fire control zone. Figure 3 shows a front view of the compartment-level detection device and fire suppression system in the energy storage system. Figure 4 shows a top view of the compartment-level detection device and fire suppression system in the energy storage system.

[0052] The difference between cluster-level and cabin-level detection devices is that the former does not include a pressure detector, while other detectors can be the same. The corresponding fire characteristic information includes at least one of the following: battery cluster temperature, battery cluster combustible gas concentration, battery cluster smoke concentration, battery cluster fire image, and battery cluster thermal image. Figure 5 shows a top view of the cluster-level detection device and fire suppression system in the energy storage system.

[0053] Understandably, in this embodiment, by acquiring multi-dimensional fire feature information at various levels, from the dimensions of sound, light, heat, force, electricity, gas, and images, it is beneficial to ensure the comprehensiveness and multidimensionality of the fire feature information. This, in turn, facilitates accurate analysis of the fire situation based on the comprehensive and multi-dimensional fire feature information, thereby realizing a fire protection strategy of early warning and early control. In the early stage of abnormal signals, the potential fire hazard risk is minimized, ensuring the safe operation of the energy storage system.

[0054] In some embodiments, sending corresponding fire-fighting instructions to fire-fighting devices in multiple levels of fire control zones based on the fire feature information includes: determining a battery pack fire based on the fire feature information corresponding to the pack-level fire control zone, and generating a battery pack fire-fighting instruction based on the battery pack fire; obtaining the battery pack fire-fighting result in response to the battery pack fire-fighting instruction, and determining a battery cluster fire and / or a battery compartment fire based on the battery pack fire-fighting result, the fire feature information corresponding to the cluster-level fire control zone or the compartment-level fire control zone, and determining a fire-extinguishing instruction based on the battery cluster fire and / or battery compartment fire.

[0055] Among them, battery pack fire information is used to characterize the fire situation in the pack-level fire control area. For example, the battery pack fire situation can be classified according to the severity of thermal runaway inside the battery pack, and corresponding fire control measures can be adopted according to different classifications.

[0056] Battery cluster fire information is used to characterize the fire situation in the cluster-level fire control area. Correspondingly, battery compartment fire information is used to characterize the fire situation in the compartment-level fire control area. Both battery cluster and battery compartment fires can be classified, and corresponding fire control measures are adopted according to different classifications.

[0057] Specifically, for the battery pack-level fire control zone, the fire characteristic information corresponding to the battery pack-level fire control zone is analyzed to determine the battery pack fire situation, and a battery pack fire command is generated based on the battery pack fire situation, so that the generated battery pack fire command matches the fire characteristic information and improves the accuracy of the battery pack-level fire control.

[0058] For fire suppression commands for battery clusters and / or battery compartments, the fire suppression results of the battery packs in response to the fire suppression commands, as well as the fire characteristic information corresponding to the cluster-level or compartment-level fire control areas, can be analyzed to determine the fire situation of the battery clusters and / or battery compartments. Fire suppression commands for the battery clusters and / or battery compartments can then be generated based on the fire situation, thereby matching the generated fire suppression commands with the fire characteristic information and improving the accuracy of cluster-level and / or compartment-level fire control.

[0059] In some embodiments, if any one of the battery pack temperature, battery pack flammable gas concentration, battery pack sound, and battery pack expansion force satisfies the corresponding thermal runaway condition, and the current status information is normal, the battery pack fire is determined to be a level three battery pack fire, and the battery pack fire-fighting command includes a level three warning command; if at least two of the battery pack temperature, battery pack flammable gas concentration, battery pack sound, and battery pack expansion force satisfy the corresponding thermal runaway condition, and the current status information is normal, the battery pack fire is determined to be a level two battery pack fire, and the battery pack fire-fighting command includes a level two alarm command and a battery pack pressure relief command; if at least two of the battery pack temperature, battery pack flammable gas concentration, battery pack sound, and battery pack expansion force satisfy the corresponding thermal runaway condition, and the current status information is abnormal, the battery pack fire is determined to be a level one battery pack fire, and the battery pack fire-fighting command includes a level one protection command and a battery pack fire extinguishing command.

[0060] Specifically, based on the fire characteristic information corresponding to the battery pack-level fire control zone, the fire severity can be divided into three levels, as follows:

[0061] If any one of the following conditions—battery pack temperature, battery pack flammable gas concentration, battery pack sound, or battery pack expansion force—meets the corresponding thermal runaway condition, and the current status information is normal, it indicates that the thermal runaway phenomenon inside the battery pack is minor. The battery pack fire is determined to be a level three fire, and the fire-fighting instructions for the battery pack include a level three warning instruction to alert the staff. No fire-fighting measures are required.

[0062] If at least two of the following conditions—battery pack temperature, battery pack flammable gas concentration, battery pack sound, and battery pack expansion force—meet the corresponding thermal runaway conditions, and the current status information is normal, it indicates that the thermal runaway phenomenon inside the battery pack is generally severe. The battery pack fire is determined to be a level two fire, and the battery pack fire-fighting command is determined to include a level two alarm command and a battery pack pressure relief command. This controls the opening of the pressure relief unit to vent and relieve pressure in the battery pack, reduce the gas concentration in the battery pack, and prevent a fire.

[0063] If at least two of the following conditions—battery pack temperature, battery pack flammable gas concentration, battery pack sound, and battery pack expansion force—meet the corresponding thermal runaway conditions, and the current status information is abnormal, it indicates that the thermal runaway phenomenon inside the battery pack is relatively serious. The battery pack fire is determined to be a Level 1 battery pack fire, and the battery pack fire-fighting instructions are determined to include Level 1 protection instructions and battery pack fire extinguishing instructions. This controls the fire extinguishing unit to start fire extinguishing to implement fire extinguishing measures on the battery pack, prevent fire and explosion inside the battery pack, and ensure the fire safety of the battery pack.

[0064] Understandably, in this embodiment, the battery pack fire command is determined based on the fire characteristic information corresponding to the package-level fire control zone, and the severity of the fire is divided into three levels, thereby realizing graded control of the battery pack, improving the accuracy and rationality of fire control in the package-level fire control zone, and enhancing the fire control effect of the package-level fire control zone.

[0065] In some embodiments, the step of obtaining the package-level fire-fighting result in response to the package-level fire-fighting command feedback, determining the battery cluster fire and / or battery compartment fire based on the package-level fire-fighting result, the fire characteristic information corresponding to the cluster-level fire control area or the compartment-level fire control area, and determining the fire extinguishing command based on the battery cluster fire and / or battery compartment fire includes: if the battery pack fire-fighting result indicates that the fire has not spread to the cluster-level fire control area or the compartment-level fire control area, or any one of the fire characteristic information corresponding to the cluster-level fire control area or the compartment-level fire control area satisfies the corresponding thermal runaway condition, determining that the battery cluster fire and / or battery compartment fire is a level two fire, and determining the fire extinguishing command. The fire prevention instructions include a level 2 alarm instruction and a battery compartment depressurization instruction. If the fire suppression result of the battery pack is that the fire spreads to the cluster-level fire control area or the compartment-level fire control area, and any one of the fire characteristic information corresponding to the cluster-level fire control area or the compartment-level fire control area satisfies the corresponding thermal runaway condition, or if the fire suppression result of the battery pack is that the fire does not spread to the cluster-level fire control area or the compartment-level fire control area, and any two of the fire characteristic information corresponding to the cluster-level fire control area and / or the compartment-level fire control area satisfies the corresponding thermal runaway condition, the battery cluster fire and / or battery compartment fire is determined to be a level 1 fire, and the fire prevention instructions are determined to include a level 1 protection instruction and a fire extinguishing instruction.

[0066] Specifically, based on the fire characteristic information corresponding to the battery pack-level fire control zone, the fire severity can be divided into two levels, as follows:

[0067] If the fire suppression result for the battery pack is that the fire has not spread to the cluster-level fire control area or the compartment-level fire control area, and any one of the fire characteristic information corresponding to the cluster-level fire control area or the compartment-level fire control area meets the corresponding thermal runaway condition, it indicates that the thermal runaway phenomenon in the cluster-level fire control area or the compartment-level fire control area is relatively serious. The fire in the battery cluster and / or the fire in the battery compartment is determined to be a level two fire, and the fire suppression command is determined to include a level two alarm command and a battery compartment depressurization command, so as to exhaust and depressurize the entire battery compartment, reduce the gas concentration in the battery compartment, and prevent a fire.

[0068] If the fire suppression result for the battery pack indicates that the fire has spread to the cluster-level or compartment-level fire control area, or if any one of the fire characteristic information corresponding to the cluster-level or compartment-level fire control area meets the corresponding thermal runaway condition, or if the fire suppression result indicates that the fire has not spread to the cluster-level or compartment-level fire control area, or if any two of the fire characteristic information corresponding to the cluster-level and / or compartment-level fire control areas meet the corresponding thermal runaway condition, it indicates that the thermal runaway phenomenon in the cluster-level or compartment-level fire control area is very serious. The battery cluster fire and / or battery compartment fire is determined to be a Level 1 fire, and the fire suppression command includes a Level 1 protection command and a fire extinguishing command. This will control the fire extinguishing unit to initiate fire suppression measures to extinguish the fire in the cluster-level and / or compartment-level fire control areas, preventing fire and explosion within these areas and ensuring the fire safety of the energy storage system.

[0069] Understandably, in this embodiment, fire commands are determined based on the fire characteristics information corresponding to the cluster-level fire control zone and / or the compartment-level fire control zone, and the severity of the fire is divided into two levels, thereby realizing hierarchical control of the cluster-level fire control zone and the compartment-level fire control zone, improving the accuracy and rationality of fire control in the cluster-level fire control zone and the compartment-level fire control zone, and enhancing the fire control effect in the cluster-level fire control zone and the compartment-level fire control zone.

[0070] In some embodiments, after determining that the fire command includes a primary protection command and a fire extinguishing command, the method further includes: obtaining a first fire result in response to the feedback of the primary protection command and the fire extinguishing command; and updating the fire command based on the first fire result.

[0071] The first fire-fighting result refers to the fire-fighting outcome after implementing the measures corresponding to the Level 1 protection order and fire-fighting order, and is divided into two scenarios: the fire is not effectively controlled and the fire is effectively controlled. The first fire-fighting result can be determined using the methods described in the above embodiments.

[0072] Specifically, fire commands are updated based on the initial fire response results to achieve real-time and precise fire control of cluster-level and compartment-level fire control areas, ensuring fire safety.

[0073] In some embodiments, after determining that the fire command is a battery compartment water spray fire extinguishing command, the method further includes: obtaining a second fire result in response to the battery compartment water spray fire extinguishing command; and updating the fire command based on the second fire result.

[0074] The second fire-fighting result refers to the fire-fighting outcome after implementing the measures corresponding to the battery compartment water spray fire extinguishing command, and is divided into two scenarios: the fire is not effectively controlled and the fire is effectively controlled. The second fire-fighting result can be determined using the methods described in the above embodiments.

[0075] Specifically, fire commands are updated based on the second fire response results to achieve real-time and precise fire control of cluster-level and compartment-level fire control areas, ensuring fire safety.

[0076] In some embodiments, if the second fire-fighting result is that the fire is not effectively controlled and the air pressure in the battery compartment is detected to be greater than a preset air pressure threshold, then the fire-fighting command is determined to be a battery compartment explosion-proof command.

[0077] Specifically, if the second fire-fighting result indicates that the fire is not effectively controlled and the air pressure in the battery compartment is detected to be greater than the preset air pressure threshold, then the fire-fighting command will be a battery compartment explosion-proof command. The corresponding fire-fighting method can be to open the explosion relief panel in the compartment-level fire control area of ​​the energy storage system to release pressure and prevent the energy storage system from exploding, thus preventing larger-scale damage.

[0078] In one specific implementation, Figure 6 shows a flowchart of the fire control process for the energy storage system. The fire control process is as follows:

[0079] If a single abnormal signal appears at the battery pack level detector, a Level 3 warning signal is triggered, and the BMS alerts personnel. At this time, the BMS self-checks the battery system status information (voltage, temperature, SOC, SOH, etc.). If the BMS self-checks and finds no abnormalities, it maintains the Level 3 warning signal status until the abnormal signal disappears. If any abnormal signal appears during the BMS self-check, a Level 2 alarm signal status is triggered. The control module issues an alarm signal to alert personnel and controls the opening of the battery pack's electrically controlled safety valve to release the gas inside the battery pack, achieving the effects of depressurization and reducing the concentration of thermal runaway gas. If any new abnormal signal is added at this time, a Level 1 protection signal is triggered. The control module issues an alarm signal to alert personnel, and simultaneously, the audible and visual alarms and siren sound. The electric safety valve closes, and the fire protection system executes the fire extinguishing action of the battery pack-level fire extinguishing device, releasing the pack-level fire extinguishing agent to extinguish the fire.

[0080] If a composite signal is detected at the battery pack level, a secondary alarm signal is triggered. The control module sends an alarm signal to alert personnel, and the battery pack electronic safety valve opens to release pressure. If an abnormality is detected during the BMS self-test at this time, a primary protection signal is triggered. The control module sends an alarm signal to alert personnel, and at the same time, the audible and visual alarm and the alarm bell sound. The electric safety valve closes, and fire suppression is performed at the battery pack level.

[0081] If the fire spreads to the cluster or space level, the control module recognizes that the package-level protection has been activated. At this time, if any single abnormal signal is detected at the cluster or cabin (space level), the first-level protection signal is triggered, and the cluster-level gas extinguishing device is activated to extinguish the fire. If the gas extinguishing device cannot extinguish the fire, the space-level water sprinkler system (to the cluster-level protection area where the first level is located) is activated to extinguish the fire. If the extinguishing devices at all levels (package-level gas extinguishing device, cluster-level gas extinguishing device, and space-level water sprinkler network system) fail to extinguish the fire, the cabin pressure continues to increase. After the pressure detector reaches the threshold, the control module activates the space-level electrically controlled pressure relief panel (space-level explosion-proof module) to depressurize the energy storage system, prevent combustion and explosion, and prevent larger-scale damage.

[0082] If the initial fire occurs at the cluster or space level, triggering a level 2 alarm at either level will activate the space-level electrically controlled ventilation system to expel combustible gas outside the cabin while simultaneously depressurizing. If a composite abnormal signal is detected, a level 1 protection signal will be triggered, shutting down the electrically controlled ventilation system and releasing the cluster or space-level gas extinguishing device for fire suppression. If the gas extinguishing device fails to extinguish the fire, the space-level water sprinkler system will be activated. If all levels of extinguishing devices fail to extinguish the fire and the cabin pressure continues to increase, the control module will activate the space-level electrically controlled pressure relief panel after the pressure detector reaches its threshold to depressurize the energy storage system and prevent combustion and explosion.

[0083] Figure 7 shows a schematic diagram of the energy storage system. This application also provides an energy storage system comprising:

[0084] A battery compartment, the battery compartment comprising multiple battery clusters, each battery cluster comprising multiple battery packs;

[0085] A fire control system, comprising a fire detection device, a fire-fighting device, and a controller, wherein the controller is communicatively connected to the battery management system of the battery pack;

[0086] The controller is used to execute the fire control method for the energy storage system as described in the above embodiments.

[0087] Specifically, the energy storage system includes a battery compartment 10, which includes multiple battery clusters 11, each of which includes multiple battery packs 111; a fire control system 20, which includes a fire detection device 21, a fire-fighting device 22, and a controller 23, which is communicatively connected to the battery management system 30 of the battery packs 111; the controller 23 is used to execute the fire control method of the energy storage system as described in the above embodiments.

[0088] Understandably, the aforementioned energy storage system, through the controller, enables fire control and protection of multi-level fire control zones, possessing fire control functions and thus ensuring the fire safety of the energy storage system.

[0089] As shown in Figure 8, this application embodiment also provides a fire control device 200 for an energy storage system. The energy storage system includes a housing, which has N battery compartments, each containing a battery cluster, where N is a natural number greater than 1. The fire control device 200 for the energy storage system includes:

[0090] The partitioning module 201 is used to divide the energy storage system into multiple fire control zones according to the battery system level;

[0091] The sending module 202 is used to acquire fire feature information corresponding to each of the fire control zones, and send corresponding fire-fighting instructions to fire-fighting devices in multiple levels of fire control zones based on the fire feature information.

[0092] The control module 203 is used to control the fire-fighting devices in multiple fire control zones to perform fire extinguishing according to the corresponding fire-fighting instructions.

[0093] This application also provides an electronic device that integrates a fire control device for any of the energy storage systems provided in this application. The electronic device includes:

[0094] One or more processors;

[0095] Memory; and

[0096] One or more applications, wherein the one or more applications are stored in the memory and configured by the processor to execute the fire control method of the energy storage system described in any of the embodiments of the above-described fire control method for the energy storage system.

[0097] This application also provides an electronic device that integrates a fire control device for any of the energy storage systems provided in this application. Figure 9 shows a schematic diagram of the electronic device involved in this application. Specifically:

[0098] The electronic device may include components such as a processor 301 with one or more processing cores, a memory 302 with one or more computer-readable storage media, a power supply 303, and an input unit 304. Those skilled in the art will understand that the electronic device structure shown in FIG9 does not constitute a limitation on the electronic device, and may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements. Wherein:

[0099] The processor 301 is the control center of the electronic device. It connects various parts of the electronic device via various interfaces and lines, and performs various functions and processes data by running or executing software programs and / or modules stored in the memory 302, and by calling data stored in the memory 302, thereby providing overall monitoring of the electronic device. Optionally, the processor 301 may include one or more processing cores; preferably, the processor 301 may integrate an application processor and a modem processor, wherein the application processor mainly handles the operating system, user interface, and applications, and the modem processor mainly handles wireless communication. It is understood that the modem processor may not be integrated into the processor 301.

[0100] The memory 302 can be used to store software programs and modules. The processor 301 executes various functional applications and data processing by running the software programs and modules stored in the memory 302. The memory 302 may mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system, application programs required for at least one function (such as sound playback function, image playback function, etc.), etc.; the data storage area may store data created according to the use of the electronic device, etc. In addition, the memory 302 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage device. Accordingly, the memory 302 may also include a memory controller to provide the processor 301 with access to the memory 302.

[0101] The electronic device also includes a power supply 303 that supplies power to various components. Preferably, the power supply 303 can be logically connected to the processor 301 through a power management system, thereby enabling functions such as charging, discharging, and power consumption management through the power management system. The power supply 303 may also include one or more DC or AC power supplies, recharging systems, power fault detection circuits, power converters or inverters, power status indicators, and other arbitrary components.

[0102] The electronic device may also include an input unit 304, which can be used to receive input digital or character information and generate keyboard, mouse, joystick, optical or trackball signal inputs related to user settings and function control.

[0103] Although not shown, the electronic device may also include a display unit, etc., which will not be described in detail here. Specifically, in this embodiment, the processor 301 in the electronic device loads the executable files corresponding to the processes of one or more applications into the memory 302 according to the following instructions, and the processor 301 runs the applications stored in the memory 302 to realize various functions, as follows:

[0104] The energy storage system is divided into multiple fire control zones according to the battery system level;

[0105] Obtain fire characteristic information corresponding to each fire control zone, and send corresponding fire-fighting instructions to fire-fighting devices in multiple levels of fire control zones based on the fire characteristic information;

[0106] The fire-fighting devices in multiple fire control zones are controlled to extinguish fires according to the corresponding fire commands.

[0107] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the various methods of the above embodiments can be performed by instructions, or by instructions controlling related hardware. These instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium and loaded and executed by a processor.

[0108] Therefore, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium, which can be non-volatile or volatile. This storage medium may include: read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, etc. A computer program is stored thereon, which is loaded by a processor to execute the steps in any of the fire control methods for energy storage systems provided in embodiments of this application. For example, the computer program loaded by the processor can execute the following steps:

[0109] The energy storage system is divided into multiple fire control zones according to the battery system level;

[0110] Obtain fire characteristic information corresponding to each fire control zone, and send corresponding fire-fighting instructions to fire-fighting devices in multiple levels of fire control zones based on the fire characteristic information;

[0111] The fire-fighting devices in multiple fire control zones are controlled to extinguish fires according to the corresponding fire commands.

[0112] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the detailed descriptions of other embodiments above, which will not be repeated here.

[0113] In practice, each of the above units or structures can be implemented as an independent entity or can be arbitrarily combined to be implemented as the same or several entities. For the specific implementation of each of the above units or structures, please refer to the previous method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

Claims

1. A fire control method for an energy storage system, comprising: The energy storage system is divided into multiple fire control zones according to the battery system level; Obtain fire characteristic information corresponding to each fire control zone, and send corresponding fire-fighting instructions to fire-fighting devices in multiple levels of fire control zones based on the fire characteristic information; The fire-fighting devices in multiple fire control zones are controlled to extinguish fires according to the corresponding fire commands.

2. The fire control method for the energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein, The fire control zone includes a compartment-level fire control zone corresponding to the space where the battery compartment is located in the battery system, and / or a cluster-level fire control zone corresponding to the space where each battery cluster in the battery compartment is located, and / or a pack-level fire control zone corresponding to the space where each battery pack in the battery cluster is located. Obtaining the fire characteristic information corresponding to each of the fire control zones includes: By monitoring at least one of the following parameters within the battery pack fire control zone: battery pack temperature, battery pack flammable gas concentration, battery pack sound, and battery pack expansion force, using the battery pack-level detection device in the energy storage system, and by monitoring the current status information of the battery pack through the battery pack's battery management system, fire characteristic information corresponding to the battery pack fire control zone can be obtained; and / or, By monitoring at least one of the following parameters within the battery compartment fire control zone using the compartment-level detection device in the energy storage system: battery compartment temperature, battery compartment combustible gas concentration, battery compartment smoke concentration, battery compartment fire image, battery compartment thermal image, and battery compartment air pressure, fire characteristic information corresponding to the compartment-level fire control zone is obtained; and / or, By monitoring at least one of the following in the cluster-level fire control zone: battery cluster temperature, battery cluster combustible gas concentration, battery cluster smoke concentration, battery cluster fire image, and battery cluster thermal image, the fire characteristic information corresponding to the cluster-level fire control zone can be obtained through the cluster-level detection device in the energy storage system.

3. The fire control method for the energy storage system according to claim 2, wherein, The step of sending corresponding fire-fighting instructions to fire-fighting devices in multiple levels of fire control zones based on the fire characteristic information includes: The fire situation of the battery pack is determined based on the fire characteristic information corresponding to the fire control zone of the package level, and a fire command for the battery pack is generated based on the fire situation of the battery pack. Obtain the battery pack fire-fighting result in response to the battery pack fire-fighting command feedback, and determine the battery cluster fire and / or battery compartment fire based on the battery pack fire-fighting result, the fire characteristic information corresponding to the cluster-level fire control area or the compartment-level fire control area, and determine the fire extinguishing command based on the battery cluster fire and / or battery compartment fire.

4. The fire control method for the energy storage system according to claim 2, wherein, The process of determining the battery pack fire situation based on the fire characteristic information corresponding to the battery pack-level fire control zone, and generating a battery pack fire command based on the battery pack fire situation, includes: If any one of the battery pack temperature, battery pack flammable gas concentration, battery pack sound, or battery pack expansion force meets the corresponding thermal runaway condition, and the current status information is normal, the battery pack fire is determined to be a level three battery pack fire, and the battery pack fire-fighting command is determined to include a level three warning command. If at least two of the battery pack temperature, battery pack flammable gas concentration, battery pack sound, and battery pack expansion force meet the corresponding thermal runaway conditions, and the current status information is normal, the battery pack fire is determined to be a level two battery pack fire, and the battery pack fire-fighting command is determined to include a level two alarm command and a battery pack pressure relief command. If at least two of the battery pack temperature, battery pack flammable gas concentration, battery pack sound, and battery pack expansion force meet the corresponding thermal runaway conditions, and the current state information is abnormal, the battery pack fire is determined to be a Level 1 battery pack fire, and the battery pack fire-fighting command is determined to include a Level 1 protection command and a battery pack fire extinguishing command.

5. The fire control method for the energy storage system according to claim 3, wherein, The process of acquiring the battery pack fire-fighting result in response to the battery pack fire-fighting command feedback, determining the battery cluster fire and / or battery compartment fire based on the battery pack fire-fighting result and the fire characteristic information corresponding to the cluster-level fire control area or the compartment-level fire control area, and determining the fire extinguishing command based on the battery cluster fire and / or battery compartment fire includes: If the fire suppression result of the battery pack is that the fire has not spread to the cluster-level fire control area or the compartment-level fire control area, and any one of the fire characteristic information corresponding to the cluster-level fire control area or the compartment-level fire control area satisfies the corresponding thermal runaway condition, the fire in the battery cluster and / or the fire in the battery compartment is determined to be a level two fire, and the fire suppression command is determined to include a level two alarm command and a battery compartment depressurization command. If the fire suppression result of the battery pack is that the fire spreads to the cluster-level fire control area or the compartment-level fire control area, and any one of the fire characteristic information corresponding to the cluster-level fire control area or the compartment-level fire control area satisfies the corresponding thermal runaway condition, or, If the fire suppression result of the battery pack is that the fire has not spread to the cluster-level fire control area or the compartment-level fire control area, and any two of the fire characteristic information corresponding to the cluster-level fire control area and / or the compartment-level fire control area meet the corresponding thermal runaway conditions, the fire in the battery cluster and / or the fire in the battery compartment is determined to be a level one fire, and the fire suppression command is determined to include a level one protection command and a fire extinguishing command.

6. The fire control method for the energy storage system according to claim 5, further comprising, after determining that the fire command includes a primary protection command and a fire extinguishing command: Obtain the first fire-fighting result in response to the primary protection command and the fire-fighting command; The fire command is updated based on the first fire response result.

7. The fire control method for the energy storage system according to claim 6, wherein, The step of updating the fire command based on the first fire result includes: Since the first fire-fighting result is a level one fire that has not been effectively controlled, the fire-fighting command is determined to be a water spray fire extinguishing command for the battery compartment.

8. The fire control method for the energy storage system according to claim 7, further comprising, after determining that the fire command is a battery compartment water spray fire extinguishing command: Obtain the second fire-fighting result in response to the water spray fire extinguishing command in the battery compartment; The fire command is updated based on the second fire response result.

9. The fire control method for the energy storage system according to claim 8, wherein, The step of updating the fire command based on the second fire result includes: If the second fire-fighting result is that the fire cannot be effectively controlled, and the air pressure in the battery compartment is detected to be greater than the preset air pressure threshold, then the fire-fighting command is determined to be a battery compartment explosion-proof command.

10. An energy storage system, comprising: A battery compartment, the battery compartment comprising multiple battery clusters, each battery cluster comprising multiple battery packs; A fire control system, comprising a fire detection device, a fire-fighting device, and a controller, wherein the controller is communicatively connected to the battery management system of the battery pack; The controller is configured to perform the method as described in claims 1-9.

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