Communication method, communication apparatus, storage medium and program product

Abstract

A communication method, a communication apparatus, a storage medium and a program product. The method is applied to a first node. The method comprises: receiving a synchronization signal from a second node, wherein the synchronization signal includes at least one of the following: a first synchronization signal, a second synchronization signal, a third synchronization signal, or a fourth synchronization signal.

Description

Communication methods, communication devices, storage media and software products

[0001] This disclosure claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202510125384.8, filed on January 24, 2025, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method, communication device, storage medium, and program product. Background Technology

[0003] In passive Internet of Things (A-IoT) communication, there is a lack of a reliable synchronization signal to realize the use of time or frequency domain resources for downlink transmission, improve the reliability of downlink transmission of devices, and increase the time domain resource occupation of downlink synchronization signals, thereby reducing time domain resource waste and collisions with other signals. Summary of the Invention

[0004] On the one hand, a communication method is provided, applied to the first node, the method including:

[0005] Receive a synchronization signal from the second node; the synchronization signal includes at least one of the following: a first synchronization signal, a second synchronization signal, a third synchronization signal, or a fourth synchronization signal.

[0006] On the other hand, a communication device is provided, including a receiving module.

[0007] The receiving module is used to receive a synchronization signal from the second node; the synchronization signal includes at least one of the following: a first synchronization signal, a second synchronization signal, a third synchronization signal, or a fourth synchronization signal.

[0008] On the other hand, another communication method is provided for the second node, which includes:

[0009] Send a synchronization signal to the first node;

[0010] The synchronization signal includes at least one of the following: a first synchronization signal, a second synchronization signal, a third synchronization signal, or a fourth synchronization signal.

[0011] On the other hand, another communication device is provided, including a transmitting module.

[0012] The sending module is used to send synchronization signals to the first node;

[0013] The synchronization signal includes at least one of the following: a first synchronization signal, a second synchronization signal, a third synchronization signal, or a fourth synchronization signal.

[0014] In another aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: a memory and a processor; the memory and the processor are coupled; the memory is used to store a computer program; and the processor implements the above-described communication method when executing the computer program.

[0015] In another aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which computer program instructions are stored, which, when executed by a processor, implement the above-described communication method.

[0016] In another aspect, a computer program product is provided, which includes computer program instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the aforementioned communication method. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this disclosure, the accompanying drawings used in some embodiments of this disclosure will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely drawings of some embodiments of this disclosure, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 is a system architecture diagram of a communication system according to some embodiments.

[0019] Figure 2 is a flowchart illustrating a communication method according to some embodiments.

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a synchronization signal transmission according to some embodiments.

[0021] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of another synchronization signal transmission according to some embodiments.

[0022] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of another synchronization signal transmission according to some embodiments.

[0023] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of another synchronization signal transmission according to some embodiments.

[0024] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of another synchronization signal transmission according to some embodiments.

[0025] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of another synchronization signal transmission according to some embodiments.

[0026] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of another synchronization signal transmission according to some embodiments.

[0027] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of another synchronization signal transmission according to some embodiments.

[0028] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of another synchronization signal transmission according to some embodiments.

[0029] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of another synchronization signal transmission according to some embodiments.

[0030] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of another synchronization signal transmission according to some embodiments.

[0031] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of another synchronization signal transmission according to some embodiments.

[0032] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of another synchronization signal transmission according to some embodiments.

[0033] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of another synchronization signal transmission according to some embodiments.

[0034] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of another synchronization signal transmission according to some embodiments.

[0035] Figure 18 is a flowchart illustrating another communication method according to some embodiments.

[0036] Figure 19 is a block diagram of a communication device according to some embodiments.

[0037] Figure 20 is a block diagram of another communication device according to some embodiments.

[0038] Figure 21 is a block diagram of another communication device according to some embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of this disclosure will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this disclosure, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0040] It should be noted that, in this disclosure, the words "exemplarily" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplarily" or "for example" in this disclosure should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of the words "exemplarily" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0041] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0042] In the description of this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, " / " means "or," for example, A / B can mean A or B. "And / or" in this document is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. Furthermore, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more.

[0043] In communication networks, synchronization signals can be used to acquire time-domain or frequency-domain resources for downlink transmission, thereby improving the reliability of downlink transmission and increasing the time-domain resource utilization of downlink synchronization signals, reducing time-domain resource waste and collisions with other signals.

[0044] In passive IoT communication, there is a lack of a reliable synchronization signal to realize the use of time or frequency domain resources for downlink transmission, improve the reliability of downlink transmission of devices, and increase the time domain resource occupation of downlink synchronization signals, thereby reducing time domain resource waste and collisions with other signals.

[0045] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this disclosure provides a communication method in which at least one of a first synchronization signal, a second synchronization signal, a third synchronization signal, or a fourth synchronization signal can be used to assist in resource scheduling during communication, achieve time-frequency synchronization between communication nodes, and assist in network planning. This reduces the probability of collisions between the synchronization signal and other signals sent by the first node, thereby improving the reliability of data transmission.

[0046] The communication method provided in this disclosure can be applied to systems with various communication standards. For example, the systems to which the communication method provided in this disclosure is applicable include, but are not limited to, long-term evolution (LTE) systems, various versions based on LTE evolution, 5th generation mobile communication technology (5G) systems, future mobile communication networks (such as 6th generation mobile communication networks (6G)), or multiple converged communication systems. Furthermore, the communication method provided in this disclosure can also be applied to future-oriented communication systems.

[0047] For example, the above communication method can be applied to the communication system shown in FIG1. ​​As shown in FIG1, the communication system includes: a first node 101 and a second node 102.

[0048] The first node 101 is used to receive a synchronization signal from the second node 102; the synchronization signal includes at least one of the following: a first synchronization signal, a second synchronization signal, a third synchronization signal, or a fourth synchronization signal.

[0049] The second node 102 is used to send a synchronization signal to the first node 101; the synchronization signal includes at least one of the following: a first synchronization signal, a second synchronization signal, a third synchronization signal, or a fourth synchronization signal.

[0050] In some embodiments, the first node 101 may include at least one of the following: an A-IoT device, a radio frequency identification (RFID) device, a tag, Bluetooth, or a terminal (or a 5G / 6G terminal, or a user equipment (UE)).

[0051] In some embodiments, the second node 102 may include at least one of the following: a reader, a 5G base station, an intermediate node, a terminal (or a 5G / 6G terminal, or a user equipment), or a 6G base station.

[0052] The diagram uses the first node 101 as the terminal and the second node 102 as the base station as an example.

[0053] In some embodiments, the terminal can be a device with wireless transceiver capabilities, which can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld, wearable, or vehicle-mounted; it can also be deployed on water (such as on ships); and it can also be deployed in the air (e.g., on airplanes, balloons, and satellites). The terminal can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, computer with wireless transceiver capabilities, virtual reality (VR) terminal, augmented reality (AR) terminal, wireless terminal in industrial control, wireless terminal in self-driving, wireless terminal in remote medical care, wireless terminal in smart grid, wireless terminal in transportation safety, wireless terminal in smart city, wireless terminal in smart home, etc. The embodiments of this application do not limit the application scenarios. The term "terminal" can sometimes also refer to a user, user equipment, access terminal, UE unit, UE station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, UE terminal, wireless communication equipment, UE agent, or UE device, etc., but the embodiments of this application do not limit this to these terms.

[0054] In some embodiments, the base station may be a base station in Long Term Evolution (LTE), Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTEA), or an evolved Node B (eNB or eNodeB), a base station device in a 5G network, or a base station in a future communication system. The base station may include various macro base stations, micro base stations, femtocell base stations, wireless remote extensions, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs), routers, wireless fidelity (WIFI) devices, or various network-side devices such as primary cells and secondary cells.

[0055] It should be noted that Figure 1 is only an exemplary framework diagram, and the number of devices included in Figure 1 and the names of each device are not limited.

[0056] The application scenarios of the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited. The system architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of this disclosure are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this disclosure. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this disclosure are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0057] The communication method provided in the embodiments of this disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0058] The communication method provided in this disclosure can be applied to the first node 101 in the communication system shown in FIG1. ​​FIG2 shows a schematic flowchart of a communication method, which includes the following steps S201:

[0059] In S201, a synchronization signal is received from the second node.

[0060] The synchronization signal includes at least one of the following: a first synchronization signal, a second synchronization signal, a third synchronization signal, or a fourth synchronization signal.

[0061] It should be understood that the synchronization signal, including at least one of the first, second, third, or fourth synchronization signals, can be used to assist in resource scheduling during communication, achieve time-frequency synchronization between communication nodes, and assist in network planning. This reduces the probability of collisions between the synchronization signal and other signals sent by the first node, thus improving the reliability of data transmission.

[0062] In some embodiments, the first synchronization signal is used by the first node to perform a frequency scanning operation and determine the initial frequency position of the first node. Thus, by sending the first synchronization signal, the first node can perform a frequency scanning operation, achieving time / frequency synchronization. Achieving time / frequency synchronization reduces the likelihood of signals not being correctly received or decoded due to time / frequency deviations between the receiver and transmitter, improving the reliability of data transmission. Furthermore, supporting the first node to perform a frequency scanning operation with the first synchronization signal means that the first synchronization signal provides the necessary support for the first node to perform the frequency scanning operation, such as the prerequisites for time-frequency synchronization, thereby improving the reliability and success rate of the first node's frequency scanning operation.

[0063] In some embodiments, the second synchronization signal is used to achieve at least one of the following: receiving a common signal (or a common channel, all of which can be channels in the following context), obtaining cell-level general configuration information, emergency information notification, and configuration information update indication of the common signal.

[0064] It should be understood that the public signal contains basic information and control commands of the cell, and is the basis for communication between the first node and the cell. The second synchronization signal enables the first node to receive the public signal more quickly and reliably.

[0065] It should be understood that cell-level general configuration information includes system bandwidth, subcarrier spacing, antenna configuration, etc. The first node can automatically adjust its own operating parameters based on this information to adapt to its network environment. If the second synchronization signal carries cell-level general configuration information itself or through a associated second signal / channel, it enables the first node to obtain the cell-level general configuration information.

[0066] It should be understood that emergency information notification refers to the notification information sent by the network to nodes such as the first node in the event of an emergency (such as a natural disaster or a public safety incident). By sending emergency information notifications through the second synchronization signal itself or through a associated second signal / channel, it can be ensured that emergency information can be quickly and reliably notified to the first node, thereby improving the success rate and effectiveness of emergency information notification.

[0067] It should be understood that the network's operating environment and service requirements may change at any time, necessitating updates to the configuration information of the common signals, such as adjusting system bandwidth or changing control channel parameters. Indicating the update of the common signal configuration information via a second synchronization signal allows the first node to transition to the new configuration, reducing the possibility of communication interruptions or service degradation.

[0068] In some embodiments, the third synchronization signal is used to trigger the first node to perform at least one of the following:

[0069] Receive paging messages;

[0070] Community access process;

[0071] Send uplink pilot signal;

[0072] Send message 1(message 1, Msg1);

[0073] Receive scheduling information for message 2 (Msg2);

[0074] Send a location signal;

[0075] Charging operation;

[0076] Receive excitation signals;

[0077] The process of community access;

[0078] The process of cell handover;

[0079] The process of selecting a residential community;

[0080] The process of re-selecting a neighborhood;

[0081] Positioning signal transmission.

[0082] It should be understood that triggering the first node to receive a paging message enables the first node to receive paging messages from the network in a timely manner, ensuring that important communication requests are not missed.

[0083] The first node is triggered to execute the cell access procedure, enabling it to successfully access the network and establish a communication connection.

[0084] The first node sends uplink pilot signals, which are used for channel estimation and synchronization. This can improve the communication quality of the uplink and provide support for the network to accurately locate the first node and schedule resources.

[0085] In the random access procedure, the first node sends Msg1 (Message 1 in the three-step random access process, such as the preamble of the physical random access channel (PRACH)) to request network access, ensuring that the first node can establish a connection with the network.

[0086] The first node receives Msg2 (message 2 in the three-step random access process, such as the random access response) to obtain uplink resource scheduling information, ensuring that the first node can correctly configure uplink resources and avoid conflicts.

[0087] The first node sends a positioning signal, which is used by the network or external system to estimate its location. This enables high-precision positioning services (such as indoor navigation and emergency rescue) and enhances the network's ability to manage the location of terminal devices.

[0088] Triggering the first node to perform an energy replenishment operation (such as through wireless charging or energy harvesting) can extend the working time of the terminal device, reduce reliance on the battery, and support the long-term operation of low-power devices.

[0089] The first node receives the excitation signal to activate or wake up the device. This reduces standby power consumption, extends battery life, and supports efficient device management and resource scheduling.

[0090] The process triggers the first node to execute the cell handover procedure, enabling it to switch from one cell to another. This supports mobility management, ensuring users maintain continuous communication connectivity while moving. It also optimizes network load balancing and improves resource utilization.

[0091] The first node is triggered to execute the cell selection process, choosing the optimal cell for access. This improves communication quality and user experience, and supports network load balancing and resource optimization.

[0092] The process triggers the first node to execute a cell reselection procedure, reselecting a more suitable cell. This ensures that the first node can switch to a better cell when signal quality deteriorates or network load changes, improving communication stability and reliability.

[0093] The first node is triggered to send or receive a positioning signal for location estimation. This enables high-precision positioning services (such as navigation and asset tracking) and enhances the network's ability to manage the location of the first node.

[0094] In some embodiments, the fourth synchronization signal is used to trigger the first node to perform at least one of the following:

[0095] Receive Msg2 sent by the second node

[0096] Send message 3 (message 3, Msg3)

[0097] Receive scheduling information corresponding to Msg2 / Msg3 / message 4 (Msg4).

[0098] Receive scheduling information corresponding to the physical reader to device channel (PRDCH).

[0099] Receiving scheduling information corresponding to the physical device to reader channel (PDRCH)

[0100] Send reader to device physical channel

[0101] The physical channel from the receiving device to the reader.

[0102] It should be understood that the first node receives Msg2 from the second node to obtain uplink resource allocation information or other configuration information. This ensures that the first node can correctly configure uplink resources, avoid conflicts, and improve the success rate and efficiency of the random access process.

[0103] The first node sends Msg3 (Message 3 in the three-step random access process, such as a radio resource control (RRC) connection request) to further establish a connection with the network. This completes the key steps of the random access procedure, ensuring that the terminal device can establish a stable connection with the network and supporting efficient resource allocation and network management.

[0104] The first node receives scheduling information related to Msg2, Msg3, or Msg4 to configure uplink or downlink resources. This ensures that terminal devices can correctly configure resources according to network instructions, avoiding conflicts and resource waste, and improving communication efficiency and reliability.

[0105] The first node receives scheduling information related to the PRDCH, which is used to configure communication resources from the reader to the device. This ensures that the device can correctly receive data or instructions from the reader, supporting efficient device management and resource scheduling.

[0106] The first node receives scheduling information related to PDRCH, which is used to configure communication resources from the device to the reader. This ensures that the device can correctly send data or respond to commands to the reader, supporting efficient inter-device communication and data transmission.

[0107] The reader sends data or commands to the device's physical channel, meaning the first node acts as the reader, sending data or commands to the device. This supports efficient communication between the reader and the device, ensuring the device can receive critical commands or data in a timely manner.

[0108] The receiving device establishes a physical channel with the reader, where the first node acts as the reader, receiving data or responses from the device. This allows the device to transmit data or status information to the reader, ensuring the reader can obtain relevant device information in a timely manner.

[0109] In some embodiments, the third synchronization signal is transmitted based on a third event trigger.

[0110] The third event includes at least one of the following events triggered by the first node or the second node: cell access, cell handover, cell selection, cell reselection, location signal transmission, excitation signal transmission, charging signal transmission, or charging preparation.

[0111] It should be understood that the third event can enable on-demand triggering of synchronization signals, reducing unnecessary signal transmission, reducing energy consumption of the first node, and improving network performance, energy efficiency of the first node, and user experience.

[0112] In some embodiments, the fourth synchronization signal includes a first part and a second part; the first part is a synchronization sequence.

[0113] The second part is a predefined sequence for implementing at least one of the following:

[0114] Obtain the transmission start position of the fifth signal;

[0115] Determine the M value of the fifth synchronization signal associated with the fourth synchronization signal;

[0116] Determine the smallest local resource allocation unit of the fifth synchronization signal associated with the fourth synchronization signal.

[0117] It should be understood that the fourth synchronization signal is designed to include the first and second parts, enabling it to support more complex communication needs.

[0118] The first part is the synchronization sequence, which helps the first node synchronize time and frequency with the network or other devices, ensuring that the first node communicates with the network or other devices at the correct time and frequency, reducing signal interference and errors.

[0119] Obtaining the transmission start position of the fifth signal, i.e., a predefined sequence used to indicate the transmission start position of the fifth signal, helps the first node determine when to start receiving or sending the fifth signal. This ensures that the device can accurately begin transmitting or receiving the fifth signal at the specified time, avoiding resource conflicts. By clearly defining the transmission start position, signal transmission delays and uncertainties are reduced.

[0120] The M value of the fifth synchronization signal associated with the fourth synchronization signal is determined, i.e., a predefined sequence is used to determine the M value of the fifth synchronization signal (e.g., at least one of 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, and 32). This value is related to time-domain resource allocation, frequency-domain resource allocation, modulation scheme, or other communication parameters, wherein the time-domain resource allocation includes the duration of one orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol in the transmission (excluding or including the cyclic prefix). The frequency domain resource allocation includes at least one of the following: the duration of an OFDM symbol (excluding or including the cyclic prefix CP) includes M chips; the duration of an OFDM symbol (including the cyclic prefix CP) includes M-1 chips; the duration of an OFDM symbol (including the cyclic prefix CP) includes M+1 chips; the duration of an OFDM symbol; the duration corresponding to a chip; the duration range corresponding to a chip; and the duration range corresponding to a bit. The frequency domain resource allocation includes at least one of the following: the number of frequency domain resource particles corresponding to an OFDM symbol; the number of frequency domain physical resource blocks corresponding to an OFDM symbol; the number of frequency domain resource particles corresponding to M chips; the number of frequency domain resource particles corresponding to M-1 chips; the number of frequency domain resource particles corresponding to M+1 chips; the number of frequency domain resource particles corresponding to a chip; or the number of frequency domain resource particles or physical resource blocks corresponding to a chip. The modulation method includes on-off keying. The modulation scheme can be one of the following: keying (OOK) modulation, double-sideband modulation, or single-sideband modulation. Other communication parameters include the number of intermediate synchronization codes (midambles) inserted during transmission, the position of the intermediate synchronization codes (midambles) inserted during transmission, whether intermediate synchronization codes (midambles) are inserted during transmission, whether postambles are inserted during transmission, whether cyclic redundancy check (CRC) is inserted during transmission, the number of information bits carried during transmission, and whether at least one of the control domains is included in the transmission. This allows for dynamic adjustment of the parameters of the fifth synchronization signal to adapt to different communication needs. Precise configuration of the M value ensures efficient resource utilization and avoids waste.

[0121] The smallest time-domain resource allocation unit associated with the fourth synchronization signal is determined, i.e., a predefined sequence is used to determine the smallest time-domain resource allocation unit (such as the minimum time slot or symbol length) for the fifth synchronization signal. This allows for finer-grained time-domain resource allocation and improved resource utilization. The resource allocation unit is dynamically adjusted according to different communication scenarios to meet requirements such as low latency and high reliability.

[0122] In some embodiments, receiving a synchronization signal from a second node includes: receiving the synchronization signal from the second node based on a set of parameters corresponding to the synchronization signal. This allows the first node to efficiently receive and process the synchronization signal according to specific parameters, achieving synchronization with the second node.

[0123] In some embodiments, the first synchronization signal corresponds to the first parameter set.

[0124] The first parameter set includes at least one of the following: cell-level configuration parameters, first period, first duration, first sequence bit length, first sequence candidate set, first M value, first transmission time length, first transmission frequency position, or first transmission bandwidth.

[0125] In some embodiments, the second synchronization signal corresponds to a second set of parameters; the second set of parameters includes at least one of the following: a second period, a second duration, a second time interval, a second sequence bit length, a second sequence candidate set, a second M value, a second transmission time length, a second transmission frequency position, or a second transmission bandwidth.

[0126] In some embodiments, the parameters in the first parameter set and the parameters in the second parameter set satisfy at least one of the following:

[0127] A first duration and / or a second time interval are used to determine the starting position of the second cycle;

[0128] A first duration and / or a second time interval, used for the starting position of the second duration;

[0129] The starting position of the second cycle or the starting position of the second duration is after the ending position of the first duration;

[0130] The interval between the start position of the second cycle and the end position of the first duration is not less than the second time interval;

[0131] The interval between the start position of the second duration and the end position of the first duration is not less than the second time interval;

[0132] The interval between two adjacent second durations is not less than the second time interval;

[0133] The bit length of the first sequence is no greater than the bit length of the second sequence;

[0134] The first transmission time length is no greater than the second transmission time length;

[0135] The sequences included in the first sequence candidate set are different from those included in the second sequence candidate set;

[0136] The second synchronization signal is transmitted during the second duration; the second duration is the duration of the second cycle; the first cycle includes at least one of the second cycles;

[0137] The first M value is a predefined value, the second M value is an M value related to the third signal, and the second M value is not less than the first M value; the third signal includes signals carrying cell-level public configuration information;

[0138] The second transmission frequency position is the first transmission frequency position where the first synchronization signal is located;

[0139] The frequency interval between the second transmission frequency position and the first transmission frequency position is indicated by the information carried by the third signal;

[0140] The first transmission frequency location belongs to a subset of the 5G synchronization signal frequency locations.

[0141] The first transmission bandwidth is not less than the second transmission bandwidth.

[0142] It should be understood that the first duration and / or the second time interval are used to determine the start position of the second cycle. The start position of the second cycle or the start position of the second duration is located after the end position of the first duration. The interval between the start position of the second cycle and the end position of the first duration is not less than the second time interval. The interval between the start position of the second duration and the end position of the first duration is not less than the second time interval. The interval between two adjacent second durations is not less than the second time interval. This ensures that the first synchronization signal and the second synchronization signal do not conflict in time, thereby supporting efficient signal scheduling and resource allocation.

[0143] The bit length of the first sequence is no greater than the bit length of the second sequence. The sequences included in the first candidate sequence set are different from those included in the second candidate sequence set. This ensures that the sequences of the first and second synchronization signals have different characteristics, avoiding confusion. This supports diverse synchronization signal designs.

[0144] The first transmission time is no longer than the second transmission time. This ensures that the transmission time of the first synchronization signal is short, suitable for rapid synchronization. Furthermore, the second synchronization signal has a longer transmission time, suitable for carrying more information.

[0145] The second transmission frequency position is the same as the first transmission frequency position where the first synchronization signal is located. The frequency interval between the second and first transmission frequency positions is indicated by information carried by the third signal. The first transmission frequency position is a subset of the 5G synchronization signal frequency positions. This ensures that the first and second synchronization signals are frequency-coordinated, thus supporting flexible frequency allocation and multiplexing.

[0146] The first transmission bandwidth is no less than the second transmission bandwidth. This ensures that the first synchronization signal has sufficient bandwidth to support fast synchronization. Furthermore, the second synchronization signal has a smaller bandwidth, making it suitable for efficient transmission.

[0147] The first M value is a predefined value, and the second M value is an M value related to the third signal, and the second M value is not less than the first M value. This ensures that the parameter configuration of the second synchronization signal is consistent with that of the third signal (such as a signal carrying cell-level common configuration information). This supports dynamic adjustment of the synchronization signal parameters.

[0148] In some embodiments, the third signal includes a signal carrying cell-level public configuration information.

[0149] In some embodiments, the average transmission power of the first synchronization signal differs from the average transmission power of the second synchronization signal by 3 dB.

[0150] In some embodiments, the average transmission power of the first synchronization signal differs from the average transmission power of the second synchronization signal by 0 dB.

[0151] In some embodiments, the third synchronization signal corresponds to a third set of parameters; the third set of parameters includes at least one of the following: a third period, a third duration, a third time interval, a third sequence bit length, a third sequence candidate set, a third M value, a third transmission time length, a third transmission frequency position, a third transmission bandwidth, a third number of repetitions, or a third subcarrier interval.

[0152] In some embodiments, the parameters in the third parameter set satisfy at least one of the following:

[0153] The third duration is located after the end of the transmission of the second synchronization signal associated with the third synchronization signal;

[0154] The third duration is located after the end of the transmission of the third signal;

[0155] The third duration occurs before the start of the fourth signal transmission;

[0156] The third duration is located after the end of the transmission of the first synchronization signal associated with the third synchronization signal;

[0157] The third duration occurs before the start of the fourth synchronization signal or the transmission of the fourth signal.

[0158] The third M value is a predefined value, or the third M value is a value configured for the third signal.

[0159] The third transmission time length is determined based on at least one of the third sequence bit length, the third M value, the third number of repetitions, and the third subcarrier interval;

[0160] The third transmission frequency position is indicated by a third signal; or, the third transmission frequency position is consistent with the frequency position of the first synchronization signal or the frequency position of the second synchronization signal.

[0161] The third transmission bandwidth is indicated by the third signal; or, the third transmission bandwidth is consistent with the frequency position of the first synchronization signal or the frequency position of the second synchronization signal.

[0162] It should be understood that the third duration is located after the end of the transmission of the second synchronization signal associated with the third synchronization signal, which ensures that the third synchronization signal begins to be transmitted only after the second synchronization signal has been transmitted, thus avoiding time conflicts.

[0163] The third duration is located after the end of the transmission of the third signal, which ensures that the third synchronization signal will not start transmitting until the transmission of the third signal (such as the signal carrying configuration information) is completed.

[0164] The third duration is located before the start of the fourth signal transmission, which ensures that the third synchronization signal is transmitted before the fourth signal transmission begins.

[0165] The third duration is located after the end of the transmission of the first synchronization signal associated with the third synchronization signal, which ensures that the third synchronization signal only begins to be transmitted after the first synchronization signal has been transmitted.

[0166] The third duration is located before the start of the fourth synchronization signal or the fourth signal transmission, which ensures that the third synchronization signal is transmitted before the fourth synchronization signal or the fourth signal transmission begins.

[0167] The third M value can be a predefined value or a value configured by the third signal. That is, the third M value can be a fixed predefined value or dynamically configured by the third signal. This allows for flexible resource configuration and dynamic adjustment. It ensures that the parameters of the third synchronization signal are consistent with the network configuration.

[0168] The third transmission duration is determined based on at least one of the third sequence bit length, the third M value, the third repetition count, and the third subcarrier interval. This ensures that the transmission duration of the third synchronization signal matches its configuration parameters, avoiding resource waste and thus supporting efficient signal transmission.

[0169] The third transmission frequency position is indicated by a third signal; alternatively, the third transmission frequency position coincides with the frequency position of the first synchronization signal or the frequency position of the second synchronization signal. This ensures that the third synchronization signal is transmitted at the correct frequency position, avoiding frequency conflicts. This supports flexible frequency allocation and multiplexing.

[0170] The third transmission bandwidth is indicated by a third signal; alternatively, the third transmission bandwidth is aligned with the frequency position of the first synchronization signal or the second synchronization signal, ensuring that the bandwidth configuration of the third synchronization signal matches its transmission requirements. This supports efficient resource utilization.

[0171] In some embodiments, the fourth signal includes at least one of the following: a pilot sequence for cell access, Msg1, Msg2, device identification number, a charging signal, an excitation signal, and an uplink positioning signal based on backscattering.

[0172] In some embodiments, the fourth synchronization signal corresponds to a fourth parameter set; the fourth parameter set includes at least one of the following: fourth period, fourth duration, fourth time interval, fourth sequence bit length, fourth sequence candidate set, fourth M value, fourth transmission time length, fourth transmission frequency position, and fourth transmission bandwidth.

[0173] In some embodiments, the parameters in the fourth parameter set satisfy at least one of the following:

[0174] The fourth duration is located after the end of the fourth signal transmission associated with the fourth synchronization signal;

[0175] The fourth duration is located before the end of the fifth signal transmission associated with it, or after the end of the third synchronization signal transmission associated with the fourth synchronization signal;

[0176] The fourth M value corresponding to the first part of the fourth synchronization signal is either predefined, or it is either the second M value or the third M value;

[0177] The fourth M value corresponding to the second part of the fourth synchronization signal is the M value applied to the fifth signal.

[0178] The transmission time of the fourth synchronization signal shall not exceed the time length of four orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols;

[0179] The transmission duration of the first part of the fourth synchronization signal is an integer number of OFDM symbol durations;

[0180] The time interval between the end of the transmission duration of the second part of the fourth synchronization signal and the transmission of the fifth signal is 0.

[0181] The transmission frequency position of the fourth synchronization signal is determined based on the relevant information of the fourth signal;

[0182] The frequency position of the fourth synchronization signal is the same as that of the fifth signal.

[0183] It should be understood that the fourth duration is located after the end of the fourth signal transmission associated with the fourth synchronization signal, which ensures that the fourth synchronization signal does not start transmitting until the fourth signal transmission is completed, thus avoiding time conflicts.

[0184] The fourth duration being located before the end of the transmission of the fifth signal associated with it, or after the end of the transmission of the third synchronization signal associated with the fourth synchronization signal, ensures that the fourth synchronization signal is transmitted before the fifth signal transmission begins, or begins transmission only after the third synchronization signal transmission is completed.

[0185] The fourth M value corresponding to the first part of the fourth synchronization signal is predefined, or it can be either the second M value or the third M value. Alternatively, the fourth M value corresponding to the second part of the fourth synchronization signal can be the M value applied to the fifth signal, ensuring that the two are consistent in parameter configuration. This ensures that the fourth synchronization signal and the fifth signal are matched in parameters, improving communication efficiency.

[0186] The transmission time of the fourth synchronization signal is no more than the time of four orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols. This limits the transmission time of the fourth synchronization signal and ensures its transmission efficiency.

[0187] The transmission duration of the first part of the fourth synchronization signal is an integer number of OFDM symbol durations, which ensures that the transmission duration of the first part is aligned with the OFDM symbol duration, making it easier for the receiver to process.

[0188] The time interval between the end of the transmission duration of the second part of the fourth synchronization signal and the transmission of the fifth signal is 0, which ensures that the transmission of the fifth signal begins immediately after the transmission of the second part of the fourth synchronization signal is completed, thus reducing delay.

[0189] The transmission frequency of the fourth synchronization signal is determined based on information related to the fourth signal. The transmission frequency of the fourth synchronization signal is consistent with that of the fifth signal. This ensures that the signal is transmitted at the correct frequency, improving communication reliability.

[0190] In some embodiments, the fifth signal includes at least one of the following: reader-to-device physical channel, uplink data scheduling information, downlink data scheduling information, control information, data, Msg2, Msg3, Msg4, signal transmission within the random access response window, downlink signal carrying device identity (ID), downlink signal associated with random access, and downlink signal scrambled with a sequence of temporary identifier random numbers (RN).

[0191] In some embodiments, the parameter set satisfies at least one of the following:

[0192] The first parameter set corresponding to the first synchronization signal is the cell-level configuration parameter set;

[0193] The second parameter set corresponding to the second synchronization signal is a cell-level configuration parameter set and / or a device-level configuration parameter set;

[0194] The third parameter set corresponding to the third synchronization signal is a cell-level configuration parameter set and / or a device group-level configuration parameter set and / or a device-level configuration parameter set;

[0195] The fourth parameter set corresponding to the fourth synchronization signal is the device group-level configuration parameter set and / or the device-level configuration parameter set.

[0196] It should be understood that by dividing the parameter set into cell-level, device group-level, and device-level, the communication system can achieve multi-level synchronization signal configuration, thereby meeting different scenarios and needs. Optimizing resource allocation according to different levels of parameter sets can improve resource utilization.

[0197] In some embodiments, at least one of the second parameter set, the third parameter set, and the fourth parameter set can be a unit frequency domain resource-level configuration parameter set. That is, the parameter set can be divided based on the frequency domain resources after frequency division multiplexing (such as sub-bands (specifically, the bandwidth and / or frequency of the sub-bands)).

[0198] In some embodiments, the device configuration of the device-level configuration parameters includes at least one of the following:

[0199] According to the frequency division multiplexing principle, devices transmitting on the same frequency domain resource portion within a cell are divided into one or more device groups;

[0200] Based on the time-division multiplexing principle, devices transmitting within the same time domain resource / time window in a cell are divided into one or more device groups;

[0201] The devices are grouped into one or more device groups based on their device identification number or random number (RN) sequence.

[0202] It should be understood that grouping according to the frequency division multiplexing principle allows devices within a cell that use the same frequency domain resources to be divided into one or more groups. For example, devices using the same subcarrier, frequency block, or frequency location can be grouped together. This reduces frequency conflicts between devices and improves spectrum utilization.

[0203] Grouping devices according to the time-division multiplexing principle allows us to divide devices within a cell that use the same time domain resources / time window into one or more device groups. For example, devices transmitting within the same time slot or time window can be grouped together. This reduces time conflicts between devices and improves the utilization rate of time resources.

[0204] Grouping by device identification number allows devices to be divided into one or more groups based on their unique identification number (such as device ID). For example, devices with device IDs within a certain range can be grouped together. This provides a simpler and more intuitive way to group devices, facilitating network management and scheduling.

[0205] Grouping by random number sequence means dividing devices into one or more groups based on the random number (RN) sequence they generate. For example, devices that generate the same or similar RN sequences are grouped together. This reduces the correlation between devices and minimizes interference. Furthermore, it prevents certain devices from occupying resources for extended periods, improving the fairness of resource allocation.

[0206] In some embodiments, the synchronization signal satisfies at least one of the following:

[0207] The first synchronization signal is a periodically transmitted signal;

[0208] The second synchronization signal is a periodic or semi-periodic transmission signal;

[0209] The third synchronization signal is a semi-periodic or dynamic transmission signal;

[0210] The fourth synchronization signal is a semi-periodic or dynamic transmission signal;

[0211] In the case where the transmission resources of the first synchronization signal overlap with those of the second synchronization signal, the first node ignores or does not receive the second synchronization signal, or the second node does not send the second synchronization signal.

[0212] If the transmission resources of the third synchronization signal overlap with those of the first synchronization signal, and / or if the transmission resources of the third synchronization signal overlap with those of the second synchronization signal, the first node ignores or does not receive the third synchronization signal; or the second node does not send the third synchronization signal.

[0213] It should be understood that the first synchronization signal is a periodic transmission signal, that is, it is transmitted repeatedly at fixed time intervals. In this way, the transmission time can be predicted, and synchronization can be completed quickly.

[0214] The second synchronization signal can be a periodic or semi-periodic transmission signal: Periodic: Repeated transmission at fixed time intervals. Semi-periodic: Transmission under certain conditions, the transmission interval may not be fixed. This allows for flexible configuration to adapt to different communication needs, dynamically adjust the transmission interval, and improve resource utilization.

[0215] The third synchronization signal is either a semi-periodic or dynamic transmission signal: Semi-periodic: Transmitted under certain conditions, the transmission interval may not be fixed. Dynamic transmission: Transmission is dynamically triggered according to network status or equipment requirements. This supports on-demand transmission, reduces signal overhead, and adapts to complex communication scenarios.

[0216] The fourth synchronization signal is a semi-periodic or dynamic transmission signal, which can improve resource utilization efficiency.

[0217] The transmission resources of the first synchronization signal and the second synchronization signal overlap, so the first node ignores or does not receive the second synchronization signal. The second node does not send the second synchronization signal. In this way, signal conflicts can be avoided and the priority of the first synchronization signal can be ensured.

[0218] If the transmission resources of the third synchronization signal overlap with those of the first or second synchronization signal, the first node may ignore or not receive the third synchronization signal. Alternatively, the second node may not send the third synchronization signal. In this way, signal conflicts can be avoided, and the priority of the first and second synchronization signals can be ensured.

[0219] In some embodiments, the first synchronization signal is used by the device to perform a synchronization operation of determining an initial frequency position or frequency resource, or to assist the device in performing at least one of receiving or transmitting data; the second synchronization signal is used to trigger a common message transmission, or to trigger a synchronization operation of the device receiving at least one of common messages, wherein the common message includes at least one of cell general configuration information, cell access, or paging messages; the third synchronization signal is used to trigger a synchronization operation of the device sending Msg1 / Msg2, triggering uplink scheduling, triggering uplink data transmission, or determining at least one of the starting time domain position for uplink data transmission; the fourth synchronization signal is used to trigger the device receiving Msg3 / Msg4, triggering downlink scheduling, triggering downlink data transmission, or determining the starting time domain position for downlink data transmission.

[0220] In some embodiments, the first synchronization signal and the second synchronization signal jointly indicate control information corresponding to at least one of the following: cell identifier, device group identification number, device time window position, device frequency position, or transmission message type of a third signal. It should be understood that jointly indicating key information using the first synchronization signal and the second synchronization signal can reduce additional signaling overhead.

[0221] In some embodiments, the position of the device's time window is determined based on the index information of the first synchronization signal or the second synchronization signal. This allows for a simple and intuitive determination of the time window position.

[0222] In some embodiments, the time window position of the device is the start and / or end position of a time-domain resource within a predefined duration. The predefined duration includes at least one of the following: one or more pre-configured periods, one or more first periods, or one or more second periods.

[0223] In some embodiments, time-domain resources within a predefined duration are divided into a preset number of parts according to a predefined time-domain resource allocation unit.

[0224] In some embodiments, the first synchronization signal and the second synchronization signal are used to indicate or Bit information, and / or at least N states;

[0225] Where N1 is the number of sequences included in the first candidate sequence set corresponding to the first synchronization signal; N2 is the number of sequences included in the second candidate sequence set corresponding to the second synchronization signal; N is the sum of N1 and N2; N1 and N2 are positive integers. It should be understood that by using the first and second synchronization signals in combination, the system can transmit more bit information or status, and at the same time provide precise synchronization, information verification, and information confirmation for the device, thereby improving information transmission efficiency.

[0226] In some embodiments, the first candidate sequence set includes N1 sequences with sequence indices from 0 to N1-1, and the second candidate sequence set includes N2 sequences with sequence indices from 0 to N2-1. Thus, key information can be directly obtained by parsing the sequence indices of the synchronization signals, simplifying the synchronization and resource allocation process.

[0227] In some embodiments, the power of the synchronization signal is determined based on power control parameters; the power control parameters include at least one of the following: energy per resource element (EPRE), energy per time unit (EPTU), energy relationship between two signals or channels, and energy relationship between two signals or channels.

[0228] In some embodiments, the energy of each resource particle includes the energy of each resource particle corresponding to a high level of the synchronization signal within a certain frequency domain resource over a transmission period, or the energy of each resource particle corresponding to all levels; the energy of each time unit includes the energy of each time unit corresponding to a high level of the signal within a transmission period, or the energy of each time unit corresponding to all levels.

[0229] In some embodiments, a specific frequency domain resource includes at least one of the following: frequency domain transmission resources corresponding to an OFDM symbol or the number of resource particles occupied by an OFDM symbol, frequency domain transmission resources corresponding to a high level within a transmission duration or the number of resource particles occupied by a high level within a transmission duration, frequency domain transmission resources of a synchronization signal or the number of resource particles occupied by a synchronization signal.

[0230] In some embodiments, a transmission duration includes at least one of the following: the duration of one or more OFDM symbols, one or more time slots, the duration corresponding to a fixed number of chips, the total signal transmission duration, and a predefined duration.

[0231] In some embodiments, the energy relationship between two signals or channels includes at least one of the following:

[0232] The energy relationship between the pilot frequencies of the first synchronization signal and the third signal;

[0233] The energy relationship between the presynchronization codes of the first synchronization signal and the third signal;

[0234] The energy relationship between the first synchronization signal and the third signal;

[0235] The energy relationship between the second synchronization signal and the third signal;

[0236] The energy relationship between the first synchronization signal and the second synchronization signal;

[0237] The energy relationship between the two second synchronization signals;

[0238] The energy relationship between the first synchronization signal and the third synchronization signal;

[0239] The energy relationship between the second synchronization signal and the third synchronization signal;

[0240] The energy relationship between the third synchronization signal and the third signal;

[0241] The energy relationship between the third synchronization signal and the fourth signal;

[0242] The energy relationship between the third synchronization signal and the fifth signal;

[0243] The energy relationship between the first synchronization signal and the fourth synchronization signal;

[0244] The energy relationship between the second synchronization signal and the fourth synchronization signal;

[0245] The energy relationship between the third synchronization signal and the fourth synchronization signal;

[0246] The energy relationship between the fourth synchronization signal and the third signal;

[0247] The energy relationship between the fourth synchronization signal and the fourth signal;

[0248] The energy relationship between the fourth synchronization signal and the fifth signal.

[0249] It should be understood that the power control parameters include the energy relationship between at least one of the above two signals or channels, which can dynamically, flexibly and accurately determine the power of the synchronization signal.

[0250] In some embodiments, the energy relationship between the first synchronization signal and the second synchronization signal includes at least one of the following:

[0251] In the frequency domain transmission resources, the ratio of the energy / power of each resource particle of the first synchronization signal to the energy / power of each resource particle of the second synchronization signal;

[0252] The ratio of the average power of the chip corresponding to the high level of the first synchronization signal to the total power of the chip corresponding to the high level of the second synchronization signal;

[0253] The ratio between the average power of the chip corresponding to the low level of the first synchronization signal and the average power of the chip corresponding to the low level of the second synchronization signal.

[0254] The ratio between the total power of the chip corresponding to the low level of the first synchronization signal and the total power of the chip corresponding to the low level of the second synchronization signal;

[0255] The ratio between the average power of all chips corresponding to the first synchronization signal and the average power of all chips corresponding to the second synchronization signal;

[0256] The ratio between the total transmission power of the first synchronization signal and the total transmission power of the second synchronization signal;

[0257] The ratio between the power of the chip corresponding to the highest level of the first synchronization signal and the power of the chip corresponding to the highest level of the second synchronization signal;

[0258] The ratio between the first ratio and the second ratio;

[0259] Wherein, the first ratio is the ratio between the power of the chip corresponding to the high level of the first synchronization signal and the power of the chip corresponding to the low level of the first synchronization signal; the second ratio is the ratio between the power of the chip corresponding to the high level of the second synchronization signal and the power of the chip corresponding to the low level of the second synchronization signal.

[0260] In some embodiments, the energy relationship between two signals or channels is a ratio of at least one of the following values: energy per resource element, energy per time unit, amplitude per resource element (APRE), amplitude per time unit (APTU), or total power transmitted by the signal. It should be understood that different values ​​corresponding to the energy relationship can be flexibly selected based on requirements, adaptively simplifying the implementation of the first node determining power based on the energy relationship.

[0261] In some embodiments, receiving a synchronization signal from a second node includes: upon receiving power control parameters from the second node, receiving the synchronization signal from the second node based on the power control parameters. This improves the reliability of synchronization signal reception.

[0262] In some embodiments, receiving a synchronization signal from a second node includes: receiving a synchronization signal from a second node based on default power control parameters if no power control parameters are received from the second node. This ensures that the second node can still reliably receive the synchronization signal even if no power control parameters are received from the second node.

[0263] The following are embodiments of the communication method provided in this disclosure, including Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, and Embodiment 3. Embodiment 1 is an example of a synchronization signal transmission mode. Embodiment 2 is an example of synchronization signal indication information. Embodiment 3 is an example of synchronization signal power control.

[0264] Example 1:

[0265] When the synchronization signal includes only a first synchronization signal and a second synchronization signal, the first synchronization signal can be associated with a first transmission mode, and the second synchronization signal can be associated with a second transmission mode. The second node transmits the first synchronization signal according to the first transmission mode, and the first node detects / receives the first synchronization signal according to the first transmission mode. The second synchronization signal is associated with the second transmission mode, the base station transmits the second synchronization signal according to the second transmission mode, and the equipment detects / receives the second synchronization signal according to the second transmission mode.

[0266] As one possible implementation, the first transmission mode includes a first set of transmission parameters, and the second transmission mode includes a second set of transmission parameters. The first and second sets of transmission parameters include at least one of the following: synchronization signal transmission period, synchronization signal transmission duration within one period, number of chips included in one orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol in the synchronization signal transmission, synchronization signal transmission start position within one period, offset, synchronization signal transmission end position within one period, synchronization signal transmission frequency position, synchronization signal transmission bandwidth, synchronization signal sequence length, synchronization signal sequence type, and synchronization signal sequence index. The second set of transmission parameters also includes the time interval between the start position of the period in the first set and the start position of the period in the second set.

[0267] In some embodiments, the transmission period of the first transmission parameter set is not less than the transmission period of the second transmission mode; wherein the transmission duration within the period of the first transmission parameter set is not greater than the transmission duration within the period of the second transmission mode; wherein the sequence length of the synchronization signal of the first transmission parameter set is not less than the sequence length of the synchronization signal of the second transmission parameter set.

[0268] The transmission period of the first synchronization signal includes one or more transmission periods of the second synchronization signal. The starting position of the transmission period / duration of the second synchronization signal is determined by the offset / duration value of the first synchronization signal. The effective transmission period of the second synchronization signal is x complete cycles of the second synchronization signal contained within the transmission period of the first synchronization signal, and the transmission duration within the x complete cycles of the second synchronization signal is the effective transmission duration of the second synchronization signal. The x complete cycles of the second synchronization signal are located after the duration within the transmission period of the first synchronization signal and before the end of the transmission period of the first synchronization signal. x is an integer not less than 0 and not greater than 128. The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode are nested.

[0269] For example, as shown in Figure 3, the offset parameter of the first synchronization signal is used to determine the starting position of the first period / first duration; the offset parameter and the first duration parameter of the first synchronization signal are used to determine the starting position of the second period / second duration of the second synchronization signal; the first period of the first synchronization signal includes two complete second periods of the second synchronization signal, and the second synchronization signal is transmitted within the duration of the two complete second periods; the first duration of the first synchronization signal is equal to the second duration of the second synchronization signal. Multiple first synchronization signals are transmitted at different frequency positions within the first duration, and multiple second synchronization signals are transmitted at different frequency positions within the second duration.

[0270] For example, as shown in Figure 4, the offset parameter of the first synchronization signal is used to determine the starting position of the first period / first duration; the offset parameter and the first duration parameter of the first synchronization signal are used to determine the starting position of the second period / second duration of the second synchronization signal; the first period of the first synchronization signal includes two complete second periods of the second synchronization signal, and the second synchronization signal is transmitted within the duration of the two complete second periods; the first duration of the first synchronization signal is equal to the second duration of the second synchronization signal. The first synchronization signal and the second synchronization signal are transmitted at the same frequency position within the first duration and the second duration, respectively.

[0271] For example, as shown in Figure 5, the offset parameter of the first synchronization signal is used to determine the starting position of the first period / first duration; the offset parameter and the first duration parameter of the first synchronization signal are used to determine the starting position of the second period / second duration of the second synchronization signal; the first period of the first synchronization signal includes two complete second periods of the second synchronization signal, and the second synchronization signal is transmitted within the duration of the two complete second periods; the first duration of the first synchronization signal is greater than or equal to the second duration of the second synchronization signal. The first period of the first synchronization signal is greater than the second period of the second synchronization signal. The first synchronization signal is transmitted at the same frequency position within the first duration, and multiple second synchronization signals are transmitted at different frequency positions within the second duration.

[0272] In some embodiments, the transmission period of the first synchronization signal includes one or more transmission periods of the second synchronization signal. The transmission period / duration of the second synchronization signal is located within every n first periods, where n is an integer not less than 0 and not greater than 32. The effective transmission period of the second synchronization signal is x complete second synchronization signal periods contained within the transmission period of the first synchronization signal, where the transmission duration within the x complete second synchronization signal periods is the effective transmission duration of the second synchronization signal. The x complete second synchronization signal periods are located after the duration within the transmission period of the first synchronization signal and before the end of the transmission period of the first synchronization signal. x is an integer not less than 0 and not greater than 128. The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode are nested.

[0273] For example, as shown in FIG6, the second period / second duration of the second synchronization signal is located in the first period i and the first period i+n. Multiple first synchronization signals are transmitted at the same frequency position within the first duration, and multiple second synchronization signals are transmitted at different frequency positions within the second duration.

[0274] In some embodiments, the transmission period / duration of the first synchronization signal is located at the end of the transmission period of the second synchronization signal. The transmission duration of the second synchronization signal is located after the end of the transmission period / duration of the first synchronization signal. There is a time interval between the transmission duration of the second synchronization signal and the transmission period / duration of the first synchronization signal. The transmission periods of the first and second synchronization signals do not overlap or are independent.

[0275] For example, as shown in FIG7, the first duration of the first synchronization signal is greater than the second duration of the second synchronization signal; the starting position of the second period / second duration of the second synchronization signal is located after a time interval of the first duration of the first synchronization signal.

[0276] For example, as shown in FIG8, the first period of the first synchronization signal is greater than the second period of the second synchronization signal; the first duration of the first synchronization signal is greater than the second duration of the second synchronization signal; and the starting position of the second period / second duration of the second synchronization signal is located after a time interval of the first period of the first synchronization signal.

[0277] In some embodiments, a minimum time interval exists between the first and second synchronization signals at the same frequency position. The time interval between the first and second synchronization signals at different frequency positions is greater than the minimum time interval. The minimum time interval is not less than the transmission duration of the second synchronization signal. This scheme sets a relative time interval for the two levels of synchronization signals, reducing the device's timing duration and minimizing the impact of the time offset of the previous synchronization signal on subsequent synchronization operations.

[0278] In some embodiments, the synchronization sequence length of the first synchronization signal is greater than the synchronization sequence length of the second synchronization signal. The time-domain resources occupied by the first synchronization signal are greater than those occupied by the second synchronization signal. For example, the time-domain resources occupied by the first synchronization signal are no greater than the number of first OFDM symbols, and the time-domain resources occupied by the second synchronization signal are no greater than the number of second OFDM symbols, wherein the number of first OFDM symbols is no greater than 8 and no less than 2, and the number of second OFDM symbols is no greater than 16 and no less than 2. For example, the time-domain resources occupied by the first synchronization signal are no greater than the number of first chips, and the time-domain resources occupied by the second synchronization signal are no greater than the number of second chips, wherein the number of first chips is no greater than 128 and no less than 2, and the number of second chips is no greater than 256 and no less than 2. The first synchronization signal applies a first M-value configuration set, and the second synchronization signal applies a second M-value configuration set. The total number of candidate values ​​in the first M-value configuration set is less than the total number of candidate values ​​in the second M-value configuration set. The application of M-value configuration by the first synchronization signal is related to the device type. The M-value configuration of the second synchronization signal is related to that of the first synchronization signal, and the M-value configuration of the first synchronization signal is not greater than that of the second synchronization signal. For example, the M-value of the first synchronization signal is 1, and the M-value of the second synchronization signal is 6. The frequency domain resources occupied by the first synchronization signal are greater than those occupied by the second synchronization signal. The transmission power ratio between the first and second synchronization signals is between 0 and 3 dB.

[0279] In some embodiments, a third channel / signal transmission follows the second synchronization signal. The third channel / signal includes at least one of the following: PRDCH transmission, scheduling information, control information, data information, paging messages, system messages, etc.

[0280] In some embodiments, when there is no scheduling and / or the second synchronization signal is transmitted at a frequency position for a period of time or the second synchronization signal is transmitted on a broadband / system bandwidth, a fixed transmission time interval is maintained between each two adjacent second synchronization signal transmissions during the transmission duration of the second synchronization signal.

[0281] In some embodiments, if there is no third channel / signal transmission after the second synchronization signal, the second synchronization signal corresponds to a first type of second synchronization sequence; if there is a third channel / signal transmission after the second synchronization signal, the second synchronization signal corresponds to a second type of second synchronization sequence. Alternatively, the first type of second synchronization sequence indicates that there is no subsequent third channel / signal transmission, and the second type of second synchronization sequence indicates that there is subsequent third channel / signal transmission. The first type of second synchronization sequence is the same as the first synchronization sequence or is selected from the same set of candidate sequences; the second type of second synchronization sequence is different from the first type of second synchronization sequence or is selected from a different set of candidate sequences. The sequence length of the first type of second synchronization sequence is greater than the sequence length of the second type of second synchronization sequence. The first synchronization signal applies a first M-value configuration set, and the second synchronization signal applies a second M-value configuration set. The total number of candidate values ​​in the first M-value configuration set is less than the total number of candidate values ​​in the second M-value configuration set. The application of M-value configuration for the first synchronization signal is related to the device type. The application of M-value configuration for the second synchronization signal is related to the second signal / channel transmission. The time-domain transmission resources of the first synchronization signal are not less than those of the second synchronization signal, and the time-domain transmission resources of the second synchronization signal are not greater than half of the time-domain transmission resources of the second signal / channel. The time-domain transmission resources include the number of OFDM symbols and / or the number of OOK symbols and / or the number of chips. For example, the M-value configuration for the first synchronization signal is fixed at 1, and the M-value configuration for the second synchronization signal is the same as the M-value configuration used for the PRDCH transmission signal or the common message transmission.

[0282] For example, as shown in Figure 9, a first type of second synchronization signal and a second type of second synchronization signal are transmitted at different frequency positions for a certain period of time. The first type of second synchronization signal and the second type of second synchronization signal have the same synchronization sequence length or transmission power.

[0283] For example, as shown in Figure 10, the first synchronization signal is transmitted over the system bandwidth, and the second synchronization signal is transmitted at a corresponding frequency position / narrowband. For a period of time, the first and second synchronization signals are transmitted at different frequency positions. The synchronization sequence lengths or transmission powers of the first and second synchronization signals are different.

[0284] In some embodiments, if a third channel / signal is transmitted after the second synchronization signal and the duration of the third channel / signal transmission overlaps with the transmission timing / duration / period of the subsequent second synchronization signal, then the corresponding frequency position within the transmission timing / duration / period of the subsequent second synchronization signal will not transmit the second synchronization signal. Alternatively, if a third channel / signal is transmitted after the second synchronization signal and the duration of the third channel / signal transmission overlaps with the transmission timing / duration of the subsequent first synchronization signal, then the corresponding frequency position within the transmission timing / duration / period of the subsequent first synchronization signal will not transmit the third channel / signal; or, the device does not expect the time domain resources for the third channel / signal transmission to overlap with the transmission timing / duration of the first synchronization signal.

[0285] For example, as shown in FIG11, if the time-domain transmission resources of the third channel / signal overlap with the time-domain transmission resources of the second synchronization signal at the corresponding frequency position, the second synchronization signal will not be transmitted at the corresponding frequency position during the subsequent transmission timing / duration of the second synchronization signal.

[0286] For example, as shown in Figure 12, the first synchronization signal and the second synchronization signal are transmitted at the same frequency position. If the time-domain transmission resources of the third channel / signal overlap with the time-domain transmission resources of the second synchronization signal at the corresponding frequency position, then the second synchronization signal will not be transmitted at the corresponding frequency position during the subsequent transmission timing / duration of the second synchronization signal.

[0287] In some embodiments, for different frequency resource / sequence length values, the first transmission parameter set and the second transmission parameter set have at least one of the following parameter values: synchronization signal transmission period, synchronization signal transmission duration within one period, number of chips included in one OFDM symbol during synchronization signal transmission, synchronization signal transmission start position within one period, synchronization signal transmission start position offset within one period, synchronization signal transmission end position within one period, synchronization signal transmission frequency position, and synchronization signal transmission bandwidth. The first transmission parameter set and the second transmission parameter set have at least one of the following parameter values: synchronization signal transmission frequency position, synchronization signal transmission bandwidth, synchronization signal sequence length, synchronization signal sequence type, and synchronization signal sequence index. For example, as shown in Figure 5, the first synchronization signal and the second synchronization signal have different transmission frequency positions.

[0288] In some embodiments, the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode are nested. The transmission of the second synchronization signal occurs within the transmission period of the first synchronization signal. The transmission mode of the second synchronization signal is either a semi-persistent transmission mode in response to a specific event, or the base station / device, in response to a specific event, determines the transmission timing / duration / period of the second synchronization signal based on a second set of transmission parameters, and periodically or semi-periodically transmits / detects the second synchronization signal within a first synchronization signal period. The specific event includes at least one of the following: termination of the transmission duration of the first synchronization signal, successful detection of the first synchronization signal, start of the transmission period of the first synchronization signal, start of the timer corresponding to the transmission duration of the first synchronization signal, start of the second signal / channel transmission, and termination of the second signal / channel transmission.

[0289] In some embodiments, the generation of the synchronization sequence of the first synchronization signal is related to the device type and / or the device transmission bandwidth and / or the transmission frequency position of the first synchronization signal, wherein the generation of the synchronization sequence of the second synchronization signal is related to the device type and / or the device transmission bandwidth and / or the transmission time domain resources of the first synchronization signal and / or the transmission M value configuration of the first synchronization signal and / or the transmission frequency domain resources of the first synchronization signal and / or the transmission time domain resources of the second signal / channel and / or the transmission M value configuration of the second signal / channel.

[0290] In some embodiments, the frequency domain resources of the first synchronization signal are not less than the frequency domain resources of the second synchronization signal. When the frequency domain resources of the first synchronization signal are greater than the frequency domain resources of the second synchronization signal, or the frequency domain position of the first synchronization signal is different from the frequency domain position of the second synchronization signal, the transmission timing / cycle end position of the second synchronization signal is not later than the end position of the cycle of the first synchronization signal. When the frequency domain resources of the first synchronization signal are equal to the frequency domain resources of the second synchronization signal, or the frequency domain position of the first synchronization signal is consistent with the frequency domain position of the second synchronization signal, and the transmission timing of the second synchronization signal or the transmission time domain resources of the second signal / channel associated with the second synchronization signal overlap with the transmission timing of the first synchronization signal, only the first synchronization signal, the second synchronization signal, or the second signal / channel are transmitted on the overlapping time domain resources.

[0291] In some embodiments, the synchronization sequence corresponding to the first synchronization signal adopts an on-off keying (OOK) modulation sequence based on discrete fourier transform-spread-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM). The synchronization sequence corresponding to the second synchronization signal adopts an OOK modulation sequence based on DFT-s-OFDM, a binary phase shift keying (BPSK) sequence, or a sequence generated using the same modulation scheme as the second synchronization signal / channel. The first and second synchronization signals are generated based on at least one of binary bit sequences such as m-sequence, gold sequence, and ZC sequence. For example, the first synchronization signal generates a synchronization signal with an OOK waveform based on DFT-s-OFDM according to a specific M value based on the binary bit sequence corresponding to the m-sequence, with a time-domain ZC sequence carrying a high-level duration not exceeding the high-level time length on the high-level signal. The second synchronization signal generates a synchronization signal with an OOK waveform based on DFT-s-OFDM according to the same M value transmitted with the PRDCH, based on the binary bit sequence corresponding to the m-sequence.

[0292] In some embodiments, the second signal / channel includes at least one of the following signals: PRDCH pilot signal, PRDCH preamble, PRDCH data transmission, PDRCH pilot signal, PDRCH preamble, PDRCH data transmission, downlink control channel, downlink control information, downlink broadcast channel, and downlink broadcast information.

[0293] In some embodiments, the first transmission mode includes a first set of transmission parameters, and the second transmission mode includes a second set of transmission parameters. The first set of transmission parameters includes at least one of the following: synchronization signal transmission period, synchronization signal transmission duration within one period, number of chips included in one OFDM symbol during synchronization signal transmission, synchronization signal transmission start position within one period, synchronization signal transmission start position offset within one period, synchronization signal transmission end position within one period, synchronization signal transmission frequency position, and synchronization signal transmission bandwidth. The second set of transmission parameters includes at least one of the following: second synchronization signal transmission frequency domain resources, downlink control / data transmission timing format, second synchronization signal transmission start position, offset value, and interval between the second synchronization signal transmission start position and the first synchronization signal transmission.

[0294] In some embodiments, the second synchronization signal includes at least one of a synchronization sequence, a BPSK sequence, an OOK sequence, a pilot sequence, a preamble code, an intermediate synchronization code, and a tail synchronization code. The second synchronization signal is generated from at least one of an m-sequence, a ZC sequence, and a gold sequence, wherein the second synchronization signal is a synchronization sequence generated using an RN sequence or a device identification number as an initial value.

[0295] In some embodiments, a time interval exists between the first synchronization signal and the second synchronization signal. Within one first synchronization signal transmission cycle, there is a time interval between two adjacent second synchronization signals at the same frequency position. The first occurrence of the second synchronization signal occurs after the transmission timing / duration corresponding to the first first synchronization signal within one first synchronization signal transmission cycle. The third channel / signal is transmitted after the first second synchronization signal. Within one first synchronization signal transmission cycle, the first second synchronization signal is used to determine the starting time-domain and / or frequency-domain position of the third channel / signal transmission. Within one first synchronization signal transmission cycle, if the time-domain and / or frequency-domain position of the second second synchronization signal overlaps with the time-domain and / or frequency-domain position of the third channel / signal transmission, the third channel / signal skips the time-domain and / or frequency-domain position of the second second synchronization signal during transmission. Within one first synchronization signal transmission cycle, if the time-domain and / or frequency-domain position of the first synchronization signal transmission overlaps with the time-domain and / or frequency-domain position of the third channel / signal transmission, the third channel / signal skips the time-domain and / or frequency-domain position of the first synchronization signal during transmission.

[0296] For example, as shown in FIG13, if the time domain and / or frequency domain position of the second second synchronization signal overlaps with the time domain and / or frequency domain position of the third channel / signal transmission during a first synchronization signal transmission cycle, then the third channel / signal skips the time domain and / or frequency domain position of the second second synchronization signal for transmission.

[0297] For example, as shown in FIG14, if the time domain and / or frequency domain position of the first synchronization signal transmission overlaps with the time domain and / or frequency domain position of the third channel / signal transmission within a first synchronization signal transmission cycle, the third channel / signal skips the time domain and / or frequency domain position of the first synchronization signal for transmission.

[0298] For example, as shown in FIG15, both the first synchronization signal and the second synchronization signal are transmitted on a narrow band. During one transmission cycle of the first synchronization signal, if the time domain and / or frequency domain position of the first synchronization signal transmission overlaps with the time domain and / or frequency domain position of the third channel / signal transmission, the third channel / signal skips the time domain and / or frequency domain position of the first synchronization signal for transmission.

[0299] In some embodiments, the first synchronization signal is transmitted at a synchronization grid or synchronization signal frequency position, and the transmission time position of the second synchronization signal is random, or the transmission time position of the second synchronization signal is related to the transmission timing of paging / system information block (SIB) / common messages, or the second synchronization signal is used to trigger paging / SIB / common message transmission or to trigger the device to receive subsequent paging / SIB / common message transmissions. Wherein, after blindly detecting the second synchronization signal, the device begins to receive paging / SIB / common messages, and there is a time interval or delay between the start / end position of the second synchronization signal transmission time domain and the start time of the paging / SIB / common message transmission. Wherein, the device determines downlink time domain transmission resources based on the most recently detected first synchronization signal. Wherein, the device determines the start position of the paging / SIB / common message transmission time domain based on the most recently detected second synchronization signal.

[0300] In some embodiments, the first synchronization signal is located before the transmission of paging / SIB / common messages, and the second synchronization signal is located after the transmission of paging / SIB / common messages. The transmission time of the first synchronization signal is random, or the transmission time of the second synchronization signal is related to the timing of the transmission of paging / SIB / common messages, or the second synchronization signal is used to trigger the transmission of paging / SIB / common messages or to trigger the device to receive subsequent transmissions of paging / SIB / common messages. The transmission time of the second synchronization signal is random, or the transmission time of the second synchronization signal is related to the scheduling / transmission timing of downlink control / data, or the second synchronization signal is used to trigger the scheduling / transmission of downlink control / data or to trigger the device to receive subsequent transmissions of downlink control / data information. The device determines the time-domain transmission resources for paging / SIB / common messages based on the most recently detected first synchronization signal. The device determines the time-domain start position for the scheduling / transmission of downlink control / data based on the most recently detected second synchronization signal.

[0301] In some embodiments, the second signal / channel includes at least one of the following signals: PRDCH pilot signal, PRDCH preamble, PRDCH data transmission, PDRCH pilot signal, PDRCH preamble, PDRCH data transmission, downlink control channel, downlink control information, downlink broadcast channel, and downlink broadcast information.

[0302] In some embodiments, the first transmission mode includes a first set of transmission parameters, the second transmission mode includes a second set of transmission parameters, and the third transmission mode includes a third set of transmission parameters. The first set of transmission parameters includes at least one of the following: synchronization signal transmission period, synchronization signal transmission duration within one period, number of chips included in one OFDM symbol during synchronization signal transmission, synchronization signal transmission start position within one period, synchronization signal transmission start position offset within one period, synchronization signal transmission end position within one period, synchronization signal transmission frequency position, and synchronization signal transmission bandwidth. The second set of transmission parameters includes at least one of the following: second synchronization signal transmission frequency domain resources, downlink control / data transmission timing format, second synchronization signal transmission start position, offset value, and interval value between the second synchronization signal transmission start position and the first synchronization signal transmission. The third set of transmission parameters includes at least one of the following: third synchronization signal transmission frequency domain resources, downlink control / data transmission timing format, third synchronization signal transmission start position, interval value between the third synchronization signal transmission start position and the third signal / channel, and interval value between the third synchronization signal transmission start position and the second synchronization signal transmission end position.

[0303] In some embodiments, the device determines the frequency position of the second synchronization signal transmission based on the frequency position of the detected first synchronization signal. The device determines whether to receive a third signal / channel based on the detected second synchronization signal. The device determines the time-domain transmission resources and / or frequency-domain transmission resources of the third signal / channel based on information indicated by the third signal / channel. The device determines whether to receive a fourth signal / channel based on the detected third synchronization signal. The third signal / channel carries indication information for waking up the device and / or time-domain / frequency-domain transmission resource indication information for the fourth signal / channel. The fourth signal / channel carries at least one of uplink / downlink control information, downlink data information, uplink access control information, uplink transmission time-domain / frequency-domain resources, and uplink pilot sequence related parameters. The second synchronization signal is used to trigger the device to receive the third signal / channel. The third synchronization signal is used to trigger the device to receive the fourth signal / channel.

[0304] In some embodiments, the first transmission mode includes a first transmission parameter set, the second transmission mode includes a second transmission parameter set, the third transmission mode includes a third transmission parameter set, and the fourth transmission mode includes a fourth transmission parameter set. The first transmission parameter set includes at least one of the following: synchronization signal transmission period, synchronization signal transmission duration within one period, number of chips included in one OFDM symbol during synchronization signal transmission, synchronization signal transmission start position within one period, synchronization signal transmission start position offset within one period, synchronization signal transmission end position within one period, synchronization signal transmission frequency position, and synchronization signal transmission bandwidth. The second transmission parameter set includes at least one of the following: second synchronization signal transmission frequency domain resources, downlink control / data transmission timing format, second synchronization signal transmission start position, offset value, and interval value between the second synchronization signal transmission start position and the first synchronization signal transmission. The third transmission parameter set includes at least one of the following: third synchronization signal transmission frequency domain resources, downlink control / data transmission timing format, third synchronization signal transmission start position, offset value, and interval value between the third synchronization signal transmission start position and the second synchronization signal transmission. The fourth transmission parameter set includes at least one of the following: frequency domain resources for fourth synchronization signal transmission, downlink control / data transmission timing format, start position of fourth synchronization signal transmission, offset value, and interval value between the start position of fourth synchronization signal transmission and the third synchronization signal transmission.

[0305] In some embodiments, the first synchronization signal is transmitted at a synchronization grid or synchronization signal frequency position, and the device determines the transmission frequency position of the third signal / channel based on the detected first synchronization signal. The third synchronization signal and / or the fourth synchronization signal are frequency domain resource configurations in units of frequency domain position or frequency domain resource configurations at the frequency domain position level. The frequency domain positions of the third synchronization signal and / or the fourth synchronization signal are the same as the second synchronization signal, or determined based on third signal / channel indication information, or determined based on the frequency position of the first synchronization signal.

[0306] In some embodiments, the second synchronization signal transmission timing is prior to the third signal / channel, wherein the third synchronization signal transmission timing is prior to the fourth signal / channel or the fourth signal / channel transmission timing is subsequent to the third synchronization signal transmission timing, wherein the fourth synchronization signal transmission timing is prior to the fifth signal / channel. The device determines the synchronization signal frequency position or the third signal / channel frequency position based on the detected first synchronization signal. The device determines whether to receive the third signal / channel based on the second synchronization signal, or the second synchronization signal is used to trigger the transmission of the third signal / channel. The device determines whether to receive the fourth signal / channel based on the third synchronization signal, or the third synchronization signal is used to trigger charging of the device, or the third synchronization signal is used to transmit random access initiated by the device. The device determines whether to receive the fifth signal / channel based on the fourth synchronization signal, or the fourth synchronization signal is used to trigger the transmission / reception of the fifth signal / channel.

[0307] In some embodiments, the third signal / channel includes at least one of a common message, a paging message, a system message, etc.; the fourth signal / channel includes at least one of an uplink access pilot sequence, Msg1, a charging signal, an excitation signal, an uplink positioning / synchronization signal based on backscattering, etc.; and the fifth signal / channel includes at least one of Msg2, Msg3, signal transmission within the random access response window, a downlink signal / channel carrying a device ID, and a downlink signal / channel related to random access, etc.

[0308] Example 2:

[0309] The first synchronization signal is selected from the first candidate sequence set, and the second synchronization signal is selected from the second candidate sequence set. Each sequence in the candidate sequence set has a sequence index. The first candidate sequence set includes N1 sequences with sequence indices from 0 to N1-1, and the second candidate sequence set includes N2 sequences with sequence indices from 0 to N2-1. The first and second synchronization signals can be used to carry / indicate signals. or Bit information.

[0310] In some embodiments, the first synchronization signal and the second synchronization signal can be used to carry / indicate first information, wherein the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0311] Cell ID; wherein the cell ID is indicated by an index of the first synchronization signal and / or the second synchronization signal. For example,

[0312] Equipment group identification number (ID); where the equipment group ID includes no more than 1 / 3 of the equipment group ID. Bit information, device group ID not exceeding At least one of the following: bit information, device group ID, or complete information.

[0313] The time window position of the device; wherein the device is in Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) transmission mode or the transmission between devices is time-division. The time window position of the device is defined in units of predefined time-domain resource allocation units. The time window position of the device is determined based on the index information of the first synchronization signal / second synchronization signal, or the time window position of the device is the start and / or end position of a segment of time-domain resources within a predefined duration. For example, the first synchronization signal has 4 candidate synchronization sequences, and one synchronization sequence can indicate a device's time window position. The time-domain resources within N first synchronization signal periods are divided into 4 parts according to predefined time-domain resource allocation units, and the device's time window identification number is 0, 1, 2, and 3. For example, if the first synchronization signal has 4 candidate synchronization sequences and the second synchronization signal has 4 candidate synchronization sequences, then the first and second synchronization signals can jointly indicate the time window position allocated to the device among 8 candidate time window positions. The time-domain resources within N first synchronization signal periods are divided into 8 parts according to predefined time-domain resource allocation units, and the device's time window identification number is an integer between 0 and 7. For example, if the first synchronization signal has 8 candidate synchronization sequences and the second synchronization signal has 4 candidate synchronization sequences, then the first and second synchronization signals can jointly indicate the time window position allocated to the device among the 4 candidate time window positions. The time-domain resources within N first synchronization signal periods are divided into 8 parts according to a predefined time-domain resource allocation unit. The device's time window identification number is an integer between 0 and 7. A device can be configured with one or more time window positions. The first synchronization signal is used to indicate the first time window position allocated to the UE, and the second synchronization signal is used to indicate the number of time windows allocated to the UE. Alternatively, the first and / or second synchronization signals can use a binary tree or the same resource indication value (RIV) indication method as the 5G New Radio (NR) physical layer time-domain resource allocation to indicate the time window position.

[0314] The sequence index of the second synchronization signal; wherein the sequence index of the second synchronization signal includes at least one of the sequence index of the first second synchronization signal after the first synchronization signal, the sequence index of a plurality of second synchronization signals after the first synchronization signal, the sequence index of the second synchronization signal after the first synchronization signal excluding the first second synchronization signal, and the sequence index of the second synchronization signal after the first synchronization signal related to the transmission of the first second signal / channel.

[0315] The frequency position of the second synchronization signal;

[0316] The start / end position of the third channel / signal; wherein, the start position of the third channel / signal is determined according to the second synchronization signal. The end position of the third channel / signal is determined according to the second synchronization signal or the tail synchronization code.

[0317] The transmission message types of the third channel / signal include at least one of the following: common configuration information, broadcast message, paging message, system message, PRDCH control information, PRDCH data information, and PRDCH cyclic redundancy check (CRC) information.

[0318] In some embodiments, the first synchronization signal and the second synchronization signal can be used to jointly indicate the first information.

[0319] In some embodiments, the first synchronization signal is used to indicate a device group identification number and / or to indicate a sequence index of a second synchronization signal and / or a transmission information type of a second signal / channel and / or control information related to the transmission of the second signal / channel, wherein the second synchronization signal is used to indicate a device group identification number and / or to indicate a confirmation device group identification number and / or to indicate a sequence index of a second synchronization signal other than the first one related to the current transmission of the second signal / channel and / or a transmission information type of the second signal / channel and / or control information related to the transmission of the second signal / channel.

[0320] For example, as shown in FIG16, there is a time interval value between the end position of the transmission duration of the first synchronization signal and the first second synchronization signal, wherein this time interval value is a predefined value or depends on the start position of the transmission of the second signal / channel. There is a predefined time interval value between the first second synchronization signal and the second second synchronization signal, wherein this predefined time interval value is related to at least one of the transmission information type of the second signal / channel, the total transmission duration, or the M value. The device determines the sequence index of the first second synchronization signal associated with the subsequent transmission of the second signal / channel based on the device group identification number indicated by the detected first synchronization signal and the sequence index of the first second synchronization signal. The device detects the first second synchronization signal and receives the third channel / signal corresponding to the device group to which the device belongs, wherein the device can determine whether to receive information of the subsequent second signal / channel based on the detected first second synchronization signal.

[0321] For example, the device determines the frequency domain location of the second synchronization signal transmission, the device group ID to which the device belongs, and the sequence index of the first second synchronization signal corresponding to the second signal / channel to be received by the device based on the detected first synchronization signal. The device detects the first second synchronization signal based on the obtained sequence index of the first second synchronization signal. Specifically, if the sequence index of the second synchronization signal after the first second synchronization signal is the same as the sequence index of the first second synchronization signal, it indicates that the current second signal / channel transmission has not ended; if the second synchronization signal after the first second synchronization signal is the same as the downlink transmission post-synchronization code, it indicates that the current second signal / channel transmission has ended; if the sequence index of the second synchronization signal after the first second synchronization signal is different from the sequence index of the first second synchronization signal, the subsequent signal / channel transmission belongs to the second signal / channel transmission of another device group.

[0322] In some embodiments, the first synchronization signal and the second synchronization signal are used to jointly indicate the device group identification number and / or to indicate the sequence index of a second synchronization signal other than the second synchronization signal within the period of the first synchronization signal and / or to indicate the sequence index of a second synchronization signal associated with a third channel / signal following the second synchronization signal. Alternatively, the first synchronization signal may be used to indicate the preceding... Bit, the second synchronization signal is used to indicate the last bit of the device group ID. Bit.

[0323] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG17, the device determines the device group subsequently associated with the third signal / channel based on the device group identification number indicated by the detected first synchronization signal and second synchronization signal. The device then uses the device group ID indicated by the subsequent second synchronization signal... The bits determine whether the subsequent third channel / signal belongs to the same device group as the most recently received third signal / channel.

[0324] Example 3:

[0325] The energy relationship between the two signals or channels mentioned above includes at least one of the following:

[0326] The energy relationship between the first synchronization signal and the pilot / preamble of the third signal / channel; wherein the ratio corresponding to the energy relationship is between -16dB and 16dB;

[0327] The energy relationship between the first synchronization signal and the third signal / channel; wherein the ratio corresponding to the energy relationship is between -16dB and 16dB;

[0328] The energy relationship between the second synchronization signal and the third signal / channel; wherein the ratio corresponding to the energy relationship is between -16dB and 16dB;

[0329] The energy relationship between the first synchronization signal and the second synchronization signal; wherein the ratio of the energy relationship is between 0dB and 16dB.

[0330] The energy relationship between the two second synchronization signals; wherein the ratio corresponding to the energy relationship is between 0dB and 3dB;

[0331] The energy relationship between the first synchronization signal and the third synchronization signal; wherein the ratio corresponding to the energy relationship is between 0dB and 16dB;

[0332] The energy relationship between the second synchronization signal and the third synchronization signal; wherein the ratio corresponding to the energy relationship is between 0dB and 16dB;

[0333] The energy relationship between the third synchronization signal and the third signal / channel; wherein the ratio corresponding to the energy relationship is between -16dB and 16dB;

[0334] The energy relationship between the third synchronization signal and the fourth signal / channel; wherein the ratio corresponding to the energy relationship is between -16dB and 16dB;

[0335] The energy relationship between the third synchronization signal and the fifth signal / channel; wherein the ratio corresponding to the energy relationship is between -16dB and 16dB;

[0336] The energy relationship between the first synchronization signal and the fourth synchronization signal; wherein the ratio corresponding to the energy relationship is between 0dB and 16dB;

[0337] The energy relationship between the second synchronization signal and the fourth synchronization signal; wherein the ratio corresponding to the energy relationship is between 0dB and 16dB;

[0338] The energy relationship between the third synchronization signal and the fourth synchronization signal; wherein the ratio corresponding to the energy relationship is between 0dB and 16dB;

[0339] The energy relationship between the fourth synchronization signal and the third signal / channel; wherein the ratio corresponding to the energy relationship is between -16dB and 16dB;

[0340] The energy relationship between the fourth synchronization signal and the fourth signal / channel; wherein the ratio corresponding to the energy relationship is between -16dB and 16dB;

[0341] The energy relationship between the fourth synchronization signal and the fifth signal / channel; wherein the ratio corresponding to the energy relationship is between -16dB and 16dB.

[0342] In some embodiments, the base station transmits power control parameters for A-IoT downlink transmission, wherein the power control-related parameters for A-IoT downlink transmission include at least one of the following:

[0343] Average signal transmission power; wherein, the average signal transmission power includes the average transmission power corresponding to the high level or all levels of the signal over a transmission period.

[0344] Total signal transmission power; wherein, total signal transmission power includes the total transmission power corresponding to the high level or all levels of the signal during a transmission period.

[0345] The energy per resource particle includes: the energy per resource particle corresponding to a high level of the signal when the first condition is met; the energy per resource particle corresponding to a high level or all levels of the signal within a transmission duration; the energy per resource particle of the chips corresponding to all high levels of the signal; and the energy per resource particle of the chips corresponding to all high and low levels of the signal. The first condition includes an M value not less than 1 and not greater than 24, or the signal being a synchronization signal / pilot sequence / preamble / postamble, or the signal including at least one of at least two consecutive low levels or 0 states. A transmission duration includes at least one of the following: the duration of one or more OFDM symbols, a time slot, the duration corresponding to a fixed number of chips, the total signal transmission duration, or a predefined duration. The fixed number is not less than 1 and not greater than 256. The duration of one or more OFDM symbols does not exceed 16 OFDM symbols. The transmission duration takes into account the sequence length of the synchronization sequence, pilot, or preamble. The energy of each resource particle of the chip corresponding to all high levels of the signal; the energy of each resource particle of the chip corresponding to all high and low levels of the signal.

[0346] Energy per time unit; wherein, the energy per time unit includes: the energy per time unit corresponding to the high level of the signal when the first condition is met; the energy per time unit corresponding to the high level or all levels of the signal within a transmission duration; the energy per time unit of the chips corresponding to all high levels of the signal; and the energy per time unit of the chips corresponding to all high and low levels of the signal. Wherein, a transmission duration takes into account the sequence length of the synchronization sequence, pilot, or preamble. The first condition includes an M value not less than 1 and not greater than 24, or the signal being a synchronization signal / pilot sequence / preamble / postamble, or the signal including at least one of at least two consecutive low-level or 0-state information. Wherein, a transmission duration includes at least one of one or more OFDM symbol durations, one time slot, duration corresponding to a fixed number of chips, total signal transmission duration, and predefined duration. Wherein, the fixed number is not less than 1 and not greater than 256. Wherein, the duration of one or more OFDM symbols does not exceed 8 OFDM symbols.

[0347] The amplitude per resource particle; that is, replacing the energy index of energy per resource particle with the amplitude index of amplitude per resource particle.

[0348] Amplitude per time unit.

[0349] In some embodiments, the energy relationship between two signals or channels includes at least one of the following:

[0350] The energy relationship between the first synchronization signal and the pilot / preamble of the third signal / channel; wherein the ratio corresponding to the energy relationship is between -16dB and 16dB.

[0351] The energy relationship between the first synchronization signal and the third signal / channel; wherein the ratio corresponding to the energy relationship is between -16dB and 16dB; wherein the first synchronization signal is the most recently detected first synchronization signal before the transmission of the third signal / channel, or the first synchronization signal within the period of the first synchronization signal at the start position of the third signal / channel, or at least one of the first synchronization signals within the same period of the first synchronization signal as the subsequent third signal / channel. The first synchronization signal and the third signal / channel are located in the same frequency domain.

[0352] The energy relationship between the second synchronization signal and the third signal / channel; wherein the ratio corresponding to the energy relationship is between -16dB and 16dB; wherein the second synchronization signal is at least one of the following: the most recently detected second synchronization signal before the transmission of the third signal / channel; or the second synchronization signal used to determine the start position of the third signal / channel transmission; or the first second synchronization signal within the period of the first synchronization signal in which the start position of the third signal / channel is located; or the first second synchronization signal within the period of the second synchronization signal in which the start position of the third signal / channel is located; or the most recently received / detected second synchronization signal located before the subsequent transmission portion of the third signal / channel; or the first second synchronization signal within the same period of the first synchronization signal as the subsequent third signal / channel; or the first second synchronization signal within the same period of the second synchronization signal as the subsequent third signal / channel. The second synchronization signal and the third signal / channel are located in the same frequency domain.

[0353] The energy relationship between the first synchronization signal and the second synchronization signal; wherein the ratio of the energy relationship is between 0dB and 16dB; wherein the first synchronization signal and the second synchronization signal are transmitted at the same frequency, or the first synchronization signal is transmitted on the system bandwidth and the second synchronization signal is transmitted on a narrower downlink transmission bandwidth; wherein the second synchronization signal is located within the period of the first synchronization signal, or there is a predefined time interval between the second synchronization signal and the first synchronization signal.

[0354] The energy relationship between two second synchronization signals; wherein the ratio corresponding to the energy relationship is between 0dB and 3dB; wherein multiple second synchronization signals are associated with a third signal / channel; wherein multiple second synchronization signals are located within the period of the same first synchronization signal. Wherein, two second synchronization signals are associated with the same third signal / channel.

[0355] The energy relationship between the first synchronization signal and the third synchronization signal; wherein the ratio corresponding to the energy relationship is between 0dB and 16dB.

[0356] The energy relationship between the second synchronization signal and the third synchronization signal; wherein the ratio corresponding to the energy relationship is between 0dB and 16dB;

[0357] The energy relationship between the third synchronization signal and the third signal / channel; wherein the ratio corresponding to the energy relationship is between -16dB and 16dB;

[0358] The energy relationship between the third synchronization signal and the fourth signal / channel; wherein the ratio corresponding to the energy relationship is between -16dB and 16dB;

[0359] The energy relationship between the third synchronization signal and the fifth signal / channel; wherein the ratio corresponding to the energy relationship is between -16dB and 16dB;

[0360] The energy relationship between the first synchronization signal and the fourth synchronization signal; wherein the ratio corresponding to the energy relationship is between 0dB and 16dB.

[0361] The energy relationship between the second synchronization signal and the fourth synchronization signal; wherein the ratio corresponding to the energy relationship is between 0dB and 16dB.

[0362] The energy relationship between the third synchronization signal and the fourth synchronization signal; wherein the ratio corresponding to the energy relationship is between 0dB and 16dB.

[0363] The energy relationship between the fourth synchronization signal and the third signal / channel; wherein the ratio corresponding to the energy relationship is between -16dB and 16dB;

[0364] The energy relationship between the fourth synchronization signal and the fourth signal / channel; wherein the ratio corresponding to the energy relationship is between -16dB and 16dB;

[0365] The energy relationship between the fourth synchronization signal and the fifth signal / channel; wherein the ratio corresponding to the energy relationship is between -16dB and 16dB.

[0366] The communication method provided in this disclosure can be applied to the second node 102 in the communication system shown in FIG1. ​​FIG18 shows a flowchart of another communication method. As shown in FIG18, the communication method includes the following S1801:

[0367] S1801, Send a synchronization signal to the first node;

[0368] The synchronization signal includes at least one of the following: a first synchronization signal, a second synchronization signal, a third synchronization signal, or a fourth synchronization signal.

[0369] In some embodiments, the first synchronization signal is used by the first node to perform a frequency scanning operation to determine the initial frequency position of the first node.

[0370] In some embodiments, the second synchronization signal is used to achieve at least one of the following: receiving a public signal, obtaining cell-level general configuration information, receiving emergency information notification, and indicating a configuration information update for the public signal.

[0371] In some embodiments, the third synchronization signal is used to trigger the first node to perform at least one of the following:

[0372] Receive paging messages;

[0373] Community access process;

[0374] Send uplink pilot signal;

[0375] Send message Msg1;

[0376] Receive scheduling information from Msg2;

[0377] Send a location signal;

[0378] Charging operation;

[0379] Receive excitation signals;

[0380] The process of community access;

[0381] The process of cell handover;

[0382] The process of selecting a residential community;

[0383] The process of re-selecting a neighborhood;

[0384] Positioning signal transmission.

[0385] In some embodiments, the fourth synchronization signal is used to trigger the first node to perform at least one of the following:

[0386] Receive Msg2 sent by the second node

[0387] Send Msg3

[0388] Receive scheduling information corresponding to Msg2 / Msg3 / Msg4

[0389] Receive scheduling information from the reader to the device's physical channel.

[0390] The receiving device receives the scheduling information corresponding to the physical channel of the reader.

[0391] Send reader to device physical channel

[0392] The physical channel from the receiving device to the reader.

[0393] In some embodiments, the transmission of the third synchronization signal is based on a third event triggering the signal; wherein the third event includes at least one of the following events triggered by the first node or the second node: cell access, cell handover, cell selection, cell reselection, positioning signal transmission, excitation signal transmission, charging signal transmission, or charging preparation.

[0394] In some embodiments, the fourth synchronization signal includes a first part and a second part; the first part is a synchronization sequence.

[0395] The second part is a predefined sequence for implementing at least one of the following:

[0396] Obtain the transmission start position of the fifth signal;

[0397] Determine the M value of the fifth synchronization signal associated with the fourth synchronization signal;

[0398] Determine the smallest local resource allocation unit of the fifth synchronization signal associated with the fourth synchronization signal.

[0399] In some embodiments, the first node may receive a synchronization signal from the second node based on the parameter set corresponding to the synchronization signal.

[0400] In some embodiments, the first synchronization signal corresponds to the first parameter set;

[0401] The first parameter set includes at least one of the following: cell-level configuration parameters, first period, first duration, first sequence bit length, first sequence candidate set, first M value, first transmission time length, first transmission frequency position, or first transmission bandwidth.

[0402] In some embodiments, the second synchronization signal corresponds to a second set of parameters; the second set of parameters includes at least one of the following: a second period, a second duration, a second time interval, a second sequence bit length, a second sequence candidate set, a second M value, a second transmission time length, a second transmission frequency position, or a second transmission bandwidth.

[0403] In some embodiments, the first parameter set includes at least one of the following: cell-level configuration parameters, including a first period, a first duration, a first sequence bit length, a first sequence candidate set, a first M value, a first transmission time length, a first transmission frequency position, or a first transmission bandwidth;

[0404] The parameters in the first parameter set and the parameters in the second parameter set satisfy at least one of the following:

[0405] A first duration and / or a second time interval are used to determine the starting position of the second cycle;

[0406] A first duration and / or a second time interval, used for the starting position of the second duration;

[0407] The starting position of the second cycle or the starting position of the second duration is after the ending position of the first duration;

[0408] The interval between the start position of the second cycle and the end position of the first duration is not less than the second time interval;

[0409] The interval between the start position of the second duration and the end position of the first duration is not less than the second time interval;

[0410] The interval between two adjacent second durations is not less than the second time interval;

[0411] The bit length of the first sequence is no greater than the bit length of the second sequence;

[0412] The first transmission time length is no greater than the second transmission time length;

[0413] The sequences included in the first sequence candidate set are different from those included in the second sequence candidate set;

[0414] The second synchronization signal is transmitted during the second duration; the second duration is the duration of the second cycle; the first cycle includes at least one of the second cycles;

[0415] The first M value is a predefined value, the second M value is an M value related to the third signal, and the second M value is not less than the first M value; the third signal includes signals carrying cell-level public configuration information;

[0416] The second transmission frequency position is the first transmission frequency position where the first synchronization signal is located;

[0417] The frequency interval between the second transmission frequency position and the first transmission frequency position is indicated by the information carried by the third signal;

[0418] The first transmission frequency location belongs to a subset of the 5G synchronization signal frequency locations.

[0419] The first transmission bandwidth is not less than the second transmission bandwidth.

[0420] In some embodiments, the third signal includes a signal carrying cell-level public configuration information.

[0421] In some embodiments, the third synchronization signal corresponds to a third set of parameters; the third set of parameters includes at least one of the following: a third period, a third duration, a third time interval, a third sequence bit length, a third sequence candidate set, a third M value, a third transmission time length, a third transmission frequency position, a third transmission bandwidth, a third number of repetitions, or a third subcarrier interval.

[0422] In some embodiments, the parameters in the third parameter set satisfy at least one of the following:

[0423] The third duration is located after the end of the transmission of the second synchronization signal associated with the third synchronization signal;

[0424] The third duration is located after the end of the transmission of the third signal;

[0425] The third duration occurs before the start of the fourth signal transmission;

[0426] The third duration is located after the end of the transmission of the first synchronization signal associated with the third synchronization signal;

[0427] The third duration occurs before the start of the fourth synchronization signal or the transmission of the fourth signal.

[0428] The third M value is a predefined value, or the third M value is a value configured for the third signal.

[0429] The third transmission time length is determined based on at least one of the third sequence bit length, the third M value, the third number of repetitions, and the third subcarrier interval;

[0430] The third transmission frequency position is indicated by a third signal; or, the third transmission frequency position is consistent with the frequency position of the first synchronization signal or the frequency position of the second synchronization signal.

[0431] The third transmission bandwidth is indicated by the third signal; or, the third transmission bandwidth is consistent with the frequency position of the first synchronization signal or the frequency position of the second synchronization signal.

[0432] In some embodiments, the fourth signal includes at least one of the following: a pilot sequence for cell access, Msg1, Msg2, device identification number, a charging signal, an excitation signal, and an uplink positioning signal based on backscattering.

[0433] In some embodiments, the fourth synchronization signal corresponds to a fourth parameter set; the fourth parameter set includes at least one of the following: fourth period, fourth duration, fourth time interval, fourth sequence bit length, fourth sequence candidate set, fourth M value, fourth transmission time length, fourth transmission frequency position, and fourth transmission bandwidth.

[0434] In some embodiments, the parameters in the fourth parameter set satisfy at least one of the following:

[0435] The fourth duration is located after the end of the fourth signal transmission associated with the fourth synchronization signal;

[0436] The fourth duration is located before the end of the fifth signal transmission associated with it, or after the end of the third synchronization signal transmission associated with the fourth synchronization signal;

[0437] The fourth M value corresponding to the first part of the fourth synchronization signal is either predefined, or it is either the second M value or the third M value;

[0438] The fourth M value corresponding to the second part of the fourth synchronization signal is the M value applied to the fifth signal.

[0439] The transmission time of the fourth synchronization signal shall not exceed the time length of four orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols;

[0440] The transmission duration of the first part of the fourth synchronization signal is an integer number of OFDM symbol durations;

[0441] The time interval between the end of the transmission duration of the second part of the fourth synchronization signal and the transmission of the fifth signal is 0.

[0442] The transmission frequency position of the fourth synchronization signal is determined based on the relevant information of the fourth signal;

[0443] The frequency position of the fourth synchronization signal is the same as that of the fifth signal.

[0444] In some embodiments, the fifth signal includes at least one of the following: reader-to-device physical channel, uplink data scheduling information, downlink data scheduling information, control information, data, Msg2, Msg3, Msg4, signal transmission within the random access response window, downlink signal carrying device ID, downlink signal associated with random access, and downlink signal scrambled with a temporary identifier RN sequence.

[0445] In some embodiments, the parameter set satisfies at least one of the following:

[0446] The first parameter set corresponding to the first synchronization signal is the cell-level configuration parameter set;

[0447] The second parameter set corresponding to the second synchronization signal is a cell-level configuration parameter set and / or a device-level configuration parameter set;

[0448] The third parameter set corresponding to the third synchronization signal is a cell-level configuration parameter set and / or a device group-level configuration parameter set and / or a device-level configuration parameter set;

[0449] The fourth parameter set corresponding to the fourth synchronization signal is the device group-level configuration parameter set and / or the device-level configuration parameter set.

[0450] In some embodiments, the device configuration of the device-level configuration parameters includes at least one of the following:

[0451] According to the frequency division multiplexing principle, devices transmitting on the same frequency domain resource portion within a cell are divided into one or more device groups;

[0452] Based on the time-division multiplexing principle, devices transmitting within the same time domain resource / time window in a cell are divided into one or more device groups;

[0453] The devices are grouped into one or more device groups based on their device identification number or RN sequence.

[0454] In some embodiments, the synchronization signal satisfies at least one of the following:

[0455] The first synchronization signal is a periodically transmitted signal;

[0456] The second synchronization signal is a periodic or semi-periodic transmission signal;

[0457] The third synchronization signal is a semi-periodic or dynamic transmission signal;

[0458] The fourth synchronization signal is a semi-periodic or dynamic transmission signal;

[0459] In the case where the transmission resources of the first synchronization signal overlap with those of the second synchronization signal, the first node ignores or does not receive the second synchronization signal, or the second node does not send the second synchronization signal.

[0460] If the transmission resources of the third synchronization signal overlap with those of the first synchronization signal, and / or if the transmission resources of the third synchronization signal overlap with those of the second synchronization signal, the first node ignores or does not receive the third synchronization signal; or the second node does not send the third synchronization signal.

[0461] In some embodiments, the first synchronization signal and the second synchronization signal jointly indicate control information corresponding to at least one of the following: cell identifier, device group identification number, device time window position, device frequency position, or transmission message type of the third signal.

[0462] In some embodiments, the time window position of the device is determined based on the index information of the first synchronization signal or the second synchronization signal.

[0463] The device's time window position is the start and / or end position of a time-domain resource within a predefined duration. The predefined duration includes at least one of the following: one or more pre-configured cycles, one or more first cycles, or one or more second cycles.

[0464] In some embodiments, time-domain resources within a predefined duration are divided into a preset number of parts according to a predefined time-domain resource allocation unit.

[0465] In some embodiments, the first synchronization signal and the second synchronization signal are used to indicate or Bit information, and / or at least N states;

[0466] Where N1 is the number of sequences included in the first candidate sequence set corresponding to the first synchronization signal; N2 is the number of sequences included in the second candidate sequence set corresponding to the second synchronization signal; N is the sum of N1 and N2; N1 and N2 are positive integers.

[0467] In some embodiments, the power of the synchronization signal is determined based on power control parameters; the power control parameters include at least one of the following: energy per resource particle, energy per time unit, energy relationship between two signals or channels; energy relationship between two signals or channels.

[0468] In some embodiments, the energy of each resource particle includes the energy of each resource particle corresponding to a high level of the synchronization signal within a transmission duration on a specific frequency domain resource, or the energy of each resource particle corresponding to all levels; the energy of each time unit includes the energy of each time unit corresponding to a high level of the signal within a transmission duration, or the energy of each time unit corresponding to all levels.

[0469] A specific frequency domain resource includes at least one of the following: frequency domain transmission resources corresponding to an OFDM symbol or the number of resource particles occupied by an OFDM symbol, frequency domain transmission resources corresponding to a high level within a transmission duration or the number of resource particles occupied by a high level within a transmission duration, frequency domain transmission resources of a synchronization signal or the number of resource particles occupied by a synchronization signal.

[0470] A transmission duration includes at least one of the following: the duration of one or more OFDM symbols, one or more time slots, the duration corresponding to a fixed number of chips, the total duration of signal transmission, or a predefined duration.

[0471] In some embodiments, the energy relationship between two signals or channels includes at least one of the following:

[0472] The energy relationship between the pilot frequencies of the first synchronization signal and the third signal;

[0473] The energy relationship between the presynchronization codes of the first synchronization signal and the third signal;

[0474] The energy relationship between the first synchronization signal and the third signal;

[0475] The energy relationship between the second synchronization signal and the third signal;

[0476] The energy relationship between the first synchronization signal and the second synchronization signal;

[0477] The energy relationship between the two second synchronization signals;

[0478] The energy relationship between the first synchronization signal and the third synchronization signal;

[0479] The energy relationship between the second synchronization signal and the third synchronization signal;

[0480] The energy relationship between the third synchronization signal and the third signal;

[0481] The energy relationship between the third synchronization signal and the fourth signal;

[0482] The energy relationship between the third synchronization signal and the fifth signal;

[0483] The energy relationship between the first synchronization signal and the fourth synchronization signal;

[0484] The energy relationship between the second synchronization signal and the fourth synchronization signal;

[0485] The energy relationship between the third synchronization signal and the fourth synchronization signal;

[0486] The energy relationship between the fourth synchronization signal and the third signal;

[0487] The energy relationship between the fourth synchronization signal and the fourth signal;

[0488] The energy relationship between the fourth synchronization signal and the fifth signal.

[0489] In some embodiments, the energy relationship between the first synchronization signal and the second synchronization signal includes at least one of the following:

[0490] In the frequency domain transmission resources, the ratio of the energy / power of each resource particle of the first synchronization signal to the energy / power of each resource particle of the second synchronization signal;

[0491] The ratio of the average power of the chip corresponding to the high level of the first synchronization signal to the total power of the chip corresponding to the high level of the second synchronization signal;

[0492] The ratio between the average power of the chip corresponding to the low level of the first synchronization signal and the average power of the chip corresponding to the low level of the second synchronization signal.

[0493] The ratio between the total power of the chip corresponding to the low level of the first synchronization signal and the total power of the chip corresponding to the low level of the second synchronization signal;

[0494] The ratio between the average power of all chips corresponding to the first synchronization signal and the average power of all chips corresponding to the second synchronization signal;

[0495] The ratio between the total transmission power of the first synchronization signal and the total transmission power of the second synchronization signal;

[0496] The ratio between the power of the chip corresponding to the highest level of the first synchronization signal and the power of the chip corresponding to the highest level of the second synchronization signal;

[0497] The ratio between the first ratio and the second ratio;

[0498] Wherein, the first ratio is the ratio between the power of the chip corresponding to the high level of the first synchronization signal and the power of the chip corresponding to the low level of the first synchronization signal; the second ratio is the ratio between the power of the chip corresponding to the high level of the second synchronization signal and the power of the chip corresponding to the low level of the second synchronization signal.

[0499] In some embodiments, the energy relationship between two signals or channels is a ratio of at least one of the following values:

[0500] Energy per resource particle, energy per time unit, amplitude per resource particle, amplitude per time unit, or total power of signal transmission.

[0501] In some embodiments, the method further includes: the second node sending power control parameters to the first node.

[0502] It should be noted that the explanation of the embodiment of the communication method applied to the second node 102 in the communication system shown in FIG1 can be referred to the explanation of the embodiment of the communication method applied to the first node 101 in the communication system shown in FIG1.

[0503] The disclosed embodiments can divide the communication device into functional modules according to the above method embodiments. For example, each function can be divided into a separate functional module, or two or more functions can be integrated into one functional module. The integrated module can be implemented in hardware or software. It should be noted that the module division in this disclosed embodiment is illustrative and only represents one logical functional division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. The following description uses the example of dividing each functional module according to each function.

[0504] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. The communication device can execute the communication method provided in the above-described method embodiments. As shown in Figure 19, the communication device includes a receiving module 1901.

[0505] The receiving module 1901 is used to receive a synchronization signal from the second node; the synchronization signal includes at least one of the following: a first synchronization signal, a second synchronization signal, a third synchronization signal, or a fourth synchronization signal.

[0506] In some embodiments, the first synchronization signal is used by the first node to perform a frequency scanning operation to determine the initial frequency position of the first node.

[0507] In some embodiments, the second synchronization signal is used to achieve at least one of the following: receiving a public signal, obtaining cell-level general configuration information, receiving emergency information notification, and indicating a configuration information update for the public signal.

[0508] In some embodiments, the third synchronization signal is used to trigger the first node to perform at least one of the following:

[0509] Receive paging messages;

[0510] Community access process;

[0511] Send uplink pilot signal;

[0512] Send message Msg1;

[0513] Receive scheduling information from Msg2;

[0514] Send a location signal;

[0515] Charging operation;

[0516] Receive excitation signals;

[0517] The process of community access;

[0518] The process of cell handover;

[0519] The process of selecting a residential community;

[0520] The process of re-selecting a neighborhood;

[0521] Positioning signal transmission.

[0522] In some embodiments, the fourth synchronization signal is used to trigger the first node to perform at least one of the following:

[0523] Receive Msg2 sent by the second node

[0524] Send Msg3

[0525] Receive scheduling information corresponding to Msg2 / Msg3 / Msg4

[0526] Receive scheduling information from the reader to the device's physical channel.

[0527] The receiving device receives the scheduling information corresponding to the physical channel of the reader.

[0528] Send reader to device physical channel

[0529] The physical channel from the receiving device to the reader.

[0530] In some embodiments, the transmission of the third synchronization signal is based on a third event triggering the signal; wherein the third event includes at least one of the following events triggered by the first node or the second node: cell access, cell handover, cell selection, cell reselection, positioning signal transmission, excitation signal transmission, charging signal transmission, or charging preparation.

[0531] In some embodiments, the fourth synchronization signal includes a first part and a second part; the first part is a synchronization sequence.

[0532] The second part is a predefined sequence for implementing at least one of the following:

[0533] Obtain the transmission start position of the fifth signal;

[0534] Determine the M value of the fifth synchronization signal associated with the fourth synchronization signal;

[0535] Determine the smallest local resource allocation unit of the fifth synchronization signal associated with the fourth synchronization signal.

[0536] In some embodiments, the receiving module 1901 is specifically used to receive a synchronization signal from the second node based on a parameter set corresponding to the synchronization signal.

[0537] In some embodiments, the first synchronization signal corresponds to the first parameter set;

[0538] The first parameter set includes at least one of the following: cell-level configuration parameters, first period, first duration, first sequence bit length, first sequence candidate set, first M value, first transmission time length, first transmission frequency position, or first transmission bandwidth.

[0539] In some embodiments, the second synchronization signal corresponds to a second set of parameters; the second set of parameters includes at least one of the following: a second period, a second duration, a second time interval, a second sequence bit length, a second sequence candidate set, a second M value, a second transmission time length, a second transmission frequency position, or a second transmission bandwidth.

[0540] In some embodiments, the first parameter set includes at least one of the following: cell-level configuration parameters, including a first period, a first duration, a first sequence bit length, a first sequence candidate set, a first M value, a first transmission time length, a first transmission frequency position, or a first transmission bandwidth;

[0541] The parameters in the first parameter set and the parameters in the second parameter set satisfy at least one of the following:

[0542] A first duration and / or a second time interval are used to determine the starting position of the second cycle;

[0543] A first duration and / or a second time interval, used for the starting position of the second duration;

[0544] The starting position of the second cycle or the starting position of the second duration is after the ending position of the first duration;

[0545] The interval between the start position of the second cycle and the end position of the first duration is not less than the second time interval;

[0546] The interval between the start position of the second duration and the end position of the first duration is not less than the second time interval;

[0547] The interval between two adjacent second durations is not less than the second time interval;

[0548] The bit length of the first sequence is no greater than the bit length of the second sequence;

[0549] The first transmission time length is no greater than the second transmission time length;

[0550] The sequences included in the first sequence candidate set are different from those included in the second sequence candidate set;

[0551] The second synchronization signal is transmitted during the second duration; the second duration is the duration of the second cycle; the first cycle includes at least one of the second cycles;

[0552] The first M value is a predefined value, the second M value is an M value related to the third signal, and the second M value is not less than the first M value; the third signal includes signals carrying cell-level public configuration information;

[0553] The second transmission frequency position is the first transmission frequency position where the first synchronization signal is located;

[0554] The frequency interval between the second transmission frequency position and the first transmission frequency position is indicated by the information carried by the third signal;

[0555] The first transmission frequency location belongs to a subset of the 5G synchronization signal frequency locations.

[0556] The first transmission bandwidth is not less than the second transmission bandwidth.

[0557] In some embodiments, the third signal includes a signal carrying cell-level public configuration information.

[0558] In some embodiments, the third synchronization signal corresponds to a third set of parameters; the third set of parameters includes at least one of the following: a third period, a third duration, a third time interval, a third sequence bit length, a third sequence candidate set, a third M value, a third transmission time length, a third transmission frequency position, a third transmission bandwidth, a third number of repetitions, or a third subcarrier interval.

[0559] In some embodiments, the parameters in the third parameter set satisfy at least one of the following:

[0560] The third duration is located after the end of the transmission of the second synchronization signal associated with the third synchronization signal;

[0561] The third duration is located after the end of the transmission of the third signal;

[0562] The third duration occurs before the start of the fourth signal transmission;

[0563] The third duration is located after the end of the transmission of the first synchronization signal associated with the third synchronization signal;

[0564] The third duration occurs before the start of the fourth synchronization signal or the transmission of the fourth signal.

[0565] The third M value is a predefined value, or the third M value is a value configured for the third signal;

[0566] The third transmission time length is determined based on at least one of the third sequence bit length, the third M value, the third number of repetitions, and the third subcarrier interval;

[0567] The third transmission frequency position is indicated by a third signal; or, the third transmission frequency position is consistent with the frequency position of the first synchronization signal or the frequency position of the second synchronization signal.

[0568] The third transmission bandwidth is indicated by the third signal; or, the third transmission bandwidth is consistent with the frequency position of the first synchronization signal or the frequency position of the second synchronization signal.

[0569] In some embodiments, the fourth signal includes at least one of the following: a pilot sequence for cell access, Msg1, Msg2, device identification number, a charging signal, an excitation signal, and an uplink positioning signal based on backscattering.

[0570] In some embodiments, the fourth synchronization signal corresponds to a fourth parameter set; the fourth parameter set includes at least one of the following: fourth period, fourth duration, fourth time interval, fourth sequence bit length, fourth sequence candidate set, fourth M value, fourth transmission time length, fourth transmission frequency position, and fourth transmission bandwidth.

[0571] In some embodiments, the parameters in the fourth parameter set satisfy at least one of the following:

[0572] The fourth duration is located after the end of the fourth signal transmission associated with the fourth synchronization signal;

[0573] The fourth duration is located before the end of the fifth signal transmission associated with it, or after the end of the third synchronization signal transmission associated with the fourth synchronization signal;

[0574] The fourth M value corresponding to the first part of the fourth synchronization signal is either predefined, or it is either the second M value or the third M value;

[0575] The fourth M value corresponding to the second part of the fourth synchronization signal is the M value applied to the fifth signal.

[0576] The transmission time of the fourth synchronization signal shall not exceed the time length of four orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols;

[0577] The transmission duration of the first part of the fourth synchronization signal is an integer number of OFDM symbol durations;

[0578] The time interval between the end of the transmission duration of the second part of the fourth synchronization signal and the transmission of the fifth signal is 0.

[0579] The transmission frequency position of the fourth synchronization signal is determined based on the relevant information of the fourth signal;

[0580] The frequency position of the fourth synchronization signal is the same as that of the fifth signal.

[0581] In some embodiments, the fifth signal includes at least one of the following: reader-to-device physical channel, uplink data scheduling information, downlink data scheduling information, control information, data, Msg2, Msg3, Msg4, signal transmission within the random access response window, downlink signal carrying device ID, downlink signal associated with random access, and downlink signal scrambled with a temporary identifier RN sequence.

[0582] In some embodiments, the parameter set satisfies at least one of the following:

[0583] The first parameter set corresponding to the first synchronization signal is the cell-level configuration parameter set;

[0584] The second parameter set corresponding to the second synchronization signal is a cell-level configuration parameter set and / or a device-level configuration parameter set;

[0585] The third parameter set corresponding to the third synchronization signal is a cell-level configuration parameter set and / or a device group-level configuration parameter set and / or a device-level configuration parameter set;

[0586] The fourth parameter set corresponding to the fourth synchronization signal is the device group-level configuration parameter set and / or the device-level configuration parameter set.

[0587] In some embodiments, the device configuration of the device-level configuration parameters includes at least one of the following:

[0588] According to the frequency division multiplexing principle, devices transmitting on the same frequency domain resource portion within a cell are divided into one or more device groups;

[0589] Based on the time-division multiplexing principle, devices transmitting within the same time domain resource / time window in a cell are divided into one or more device groups;

[0590] The devices are grouped into one or more device groups based on their device identification number or RN sequence.

[0591] In some embodiments, the synchronization signal satisfies at least one of the following:

[0592] The first synchronization signal is a periodically transmitted signal;

[0593] The second synchronization signal is a periodic or semi-periodic transmission signal;

[0594] The third synchronization signal is a semi-periodic or dynamic transmission signal;

[0595] The fourth synchronization signal is a semi-periodic or dynamic transmission signal;

[0596] In the case where the transmission resources of the first synchronization signal overlap with those of the second synchronization signal, the first node ignores or does not receive the second synchronization signal, or the second node does not send the second synchronization signal.

[0597] If the transmission resources of the third synchronization signal overlap with those of the first synchronization signal, and / or if the transmission resources of the third synchronization signal overlap with those of the second synchronization signal, the first node ignores or does not receive the third synchronization signal; or the second node does not send the third synchronization signal.

[0598] In some embodiments, the first synchronization signal and the second synchronization signal jointly indicate control information corresponding to at least one of the following: cell identifier, device group identification number, device time window position, device frequency position, or transmission message type of the third signal.

[0599] In some embodiments, the time window position of the device is determined based on the index information of the first synchronization signal or the second synchronization signal.

[0600] The device's time window position is the start and / or end position of a time-domain resource within a predefined duration. The predefined duration includes at least one of the following: one or more pre-configured cycles, one or more first cycles, or one or more second cycles.

[0601] In some embodiments, time-domain resources within a predefined duration are divided into a preset number of parts according to a predefined time-domain resource allocation unit.

[0602] In some embodiments, the first synchronization signal and the second synchronization signal are used to indicate or Bit information, and / or at least N states;

[0603] Where N1 is the number of sequences included in the first candidate sequence set corresponding to the first synchronization signal; N2 is the number of sequences included in the second candidate sequence set corresponding to the second synchronization signal; N is the sum of N1 and N2; N1 and N2 are positive integers.

[0604] In some embodiments, the power of the synchronization signal is determined based on power control parameters; the power control parameters include at least one of the following: energy per resource particle, energy per time unit, energy relationship between two signals or channels; energy relationship between two signals or channels.

[0605] In some embodiments, the energy of each resource particle includes the energy of each resource particle corresponding to a high level of the synchronization signal within a transmission duration on a specific frequency domain resource, or the energy of each resource particle corresponding to all levels; the energy of each time unit includes the energy of each time unit corresponding to a high level of the signal within a transmission duration, or the energy of each time unit corresponding to all levels.

[0606] A specific frequency domain resource includes at least one of the following: frequency domain transmission resources corresponding to an OFDM symbol or the number of resource particles occupied by an OFDM symbol, frequency domain transmission resources corresponding to a high level within a transmission duration or the number of resource particles occupied by a high level within a transmission duration, frequency domain transmission resources of a synchronization signal or the number of resource particles occupied by a synchronization signal.

[0607] A transmission duration includes at least one of the following: the duration of one or more OFDM symbols, one or more time slots, the duration corresponding to a fixed number of chips, the total duration of signal transmission, or a predefined duration.

[0608] In some embodiments, the energy relationship between two signals or channels includes at least one of the following:

[0609] The energy relationship between the pilot frequencies of the first synchronization signal and the third signal;

[0610] The energy relationship between the presynchronization codes of the first synchronization signal and the third signal;

[0611] The energy relationship between the first synchronization signal and the third signal;

[0612] The energy relationship between the second synchronization signal and the third signal;

[0613] The energy relationship between the first synchronization signal and the second synchronization signal;

[0614] The energy relationship between the two second synchronization signals;

[0615] The energy relationship between the first synchronization signal and the third synchronization signal;

[0616] The energy relationship between the second synchronization signal and the third synchronization signal;

[0617] The energy relationship between the third synchronization signal and the third signal;

[0618] The energy relationship between the third synchronization signal and the fourth signal;

[0619] The energy relationship between the third synchronization signal and the fifth signal;

[0620] The energy relationship between the first synchronization signal and the fourth synchronization signal;

[0621] The energy relationship between the second synchronization signal and the fourth synchronization signal;

[0622] The energy relationship between the third synchronization signal and the fourth synchronization signal;

[0623] The energy relationship between the fourth synchronization signal and the third signal;

[0624] The energy relationship between the fourth synchronization signal and the fourth signal;

[0625] The energy relationship between the fourth synchronization signal and the fifth signal.

[0626] In some embodiments, the energy relationship between the first synchronization signal and the second synchronization signal includes at least one of the following:

[0627] In the frequency domain transmission resources, the ratio of the energy / power of each resource particle of the first synchronization signal to the energy / power of each resource particle of the second synchronization signal;

[0628] The ratio of the average power of the chip corresponding to the high level of the first synchronization signal to the total power of the chip corresponding to the high level of the second synchronization signal;

[0629] The ratio between the average power of the chip corresponding to the low level of the first synchronization signal and the average power of the chip corresponding to the low level of the second synchronization signal.

[0630] The ratio between the total power of the chip corresponding to the low level of the first synchronization signal and the total power of the chip corresponding to the low level of the second synchronization signal;

[0631] The ratio between the average power of all chips corresponding to the first synchronization signal and the average power of all chips corresponding to the second synchronization signal;

[0632] The ratio between the total transmission power of the first synchronization signal and the total transmission power of the second synchronization signal;

[0633] The ratio between the power of the chip corresponding to the highest level of the first synchronization signal and the power of the chip corresponding to the highest level of the second synchronization signal;

[0634] The ratio between the first ratio and the second ratio;

[0635] Wherein, the first ratio is the ratio between the power of the chip corresponding to the high level of the first synchronization signal and the power of the chip corresponding to the low level of the first synchronization signal; the second ratio is the ratio between the power of the chip corresponding to the high level of the second synchronization signal and the power of the chip corresponding to the low level of the second synchronization signal.

[0636] In some embodiments, the energy relationship between two signals or channels is a ratio of at least one of the following values:

[0637] Energy per resource particle, energy per time unit, amplitude per resource particle, amplitude per time unit, or total power of signal transmission.

[0638] In some embodiments, the first node includes at least one of a passive IoT device, a tag, a 6G user equipment, etc.; the second node includes at least one of a base station, a reader, an excitation source, a carrier transmitting node, an intermediate communication node, an intermediate user equipment, a 5G user equipment, a 6G user equipment, etc.

[0639] In some embodiments, the receiving module 1901 is specifically configured to receive a synchronization signal from the second node based on the power control parameters received from the second node.

[0640] In some embodiments, the receiving module 1901 is further configured to receive a synchronization signal from the second node based on default power control parameters when no power control parameters are received from the second node.

[0641] Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. The communication device can execute the communication method provided in the above-described method embodiments. As shown in Figure 20, the communication device includes: a transmitting module 2001.

[0642] The sending module 2001 is used to send a synchronization signal to the first node;

[0643] The synchronization signal includes at least one of the following: a first synchronization signal, a second synchronization signal, a third synchronization signal, or a fourth synchronization signal.

[0644] In the case of implementing the functions of the integrated modules described above in hardware, this disclosure provides another possible structure for the communication device involved in the above embodiments. As shown in FIG21, the communication device includes: a processor 2102 and a bus 2104. Optionally, the communication device may further include a memory 2101; optionally, the communication device may further include a communication interface 2103.

[0645] Processor 2102 may implement or execute various exemplary logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with embodiments of this disclosure. Processor 2102 may be a central processing unit, a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. It may implement or execute various exemplary logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with embodiments of this disclosure. Processor 2102 may also be a combination of functions implementing computational capabilities, such as a combination of one or more microprocessors, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, etc.

[0646] The communication interface 2103 is used to connect with other devices via a communication network. This communication network can be Ethernet, wireless access network, wireless local area network (WLAN), etc.

[0647] The memory 2101 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device capable of storing static information and instructions, random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device capable of storing information and instructions, or electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and accessible by a computer, but is not limited thereto.

[0648] As one possible implementation, the memory 2101 can exist independently of the processor 2102. The memory 2101 can be connected to the processor 2102 via a bus 2104 and is used to store instructions or program code. When the processor 2102 calls and executes the instructions or program code stored in the memory 2101, it can implement the method provided in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0649] In another possible implementation, the memory 2101 can also be integrated with the processor 2102.

[0650] Bus 2104 can be an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus, etc. Bus 2104 can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, only one thick line is used to represent it in Figure 21, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0651] Some embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer-readable storage medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium) storing computer program instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the methods described in any of the above embodiments.

[0652] Exemplary examples show that the aforementioned computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to: magnetic storage devices (e.g., hard disks, floppy disks, or magnetic tapes), optical discs (e.g., compact disks (CDs), digital versatile disks (DVDs), etc.), smart cards, and flash memory devices (e.g., erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROMs), cards, sticks, or key drives, etc.). The various computer-readable storage media described in this disclosure may represent one or more devices for storing information and / or other machine-readable storage media. The term "machine-readable storage media" may include, but is not limited to, wireless channels and various other media capable of storing, containing, and / or carrying instructions and / or data.

[0653] This disclosure provides a computer program product containing instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the methods described in any of the above embodiments.

[0654] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this disclosure, but the scope of protection of this disclosure is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of this disclosure should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Images