Sensing method and apparatus, and readable storage medium

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of sensing, is applied to radio frequency sensing, and particularly relates to a sensing method and apparatus, and a readable storage medium. The method comprises: acquiring a first message, wherein the first message is used for determining P pseudo-random sequences, the first message comprises one or more of the following: first information, second information or third information, the first information is used for indicating an initial value of each of the P pseudo-random sequences, the second information is used for indicating a generator polynomial of each pseudo-random sequence, the third information is used for indicating an offset value of each pseudo-random sequence, and the P pseudo-random sequences are different from each other; and transmitting a sensing reference signal, wherein the sensing reference signal bears Nsymb π / 2-BPSK sequences, and the Nsymb π / 2-BPSK sequences are obtained on the basis of the P pseudo-random sequences. By means of the present application, signaling overheads can be reduced.

Description

A sensing method, apparatus and readable storage medium

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202510099594.4, filed with the China National Intellectual Property Administration on January 21, 2025, entitled "A Sensing Method, Apparatus and Readable Storage Medium", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of wireless sensing, and more particularly to a sensing method, apparatus, and readable storage medium. Background Technology

[0003] Radio frequency (RF) sensing is a technology that uses radio signals to detect and analyze objects or phenomena in the environment. By transmitting radio frequency signals and analyzing the reflection, attenuation, or changes in these signals after they interact with objects, RF sensing systems can identify the presence, location, movement, and even the properties of certain materials. Possible use cases for RF sensing include personnel monitoring, such as identifying and monitoring an individual's location, movement speed, and even vital signs like heart rate and respiratory rate. Other potential use cases include location detection, direction finding, and distance estimation.

[0004] Currently, reference signals (RS) can be used for wireless radio frequency sensing. RSs modulated with π / 2-binary phase shift keying (BPSK) single-carrier exhibit a low peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), making them promising for long-range radio frequency sensing applications. A sensing RS using π / 2-BPSK single-carrier modulation can carry a π / 2-BPSK sequence, which can be obtained by modulating a pseudo-random sequence with π / 2-BPSK. In dual-site sensing scenarios, how to align the pseudo-random sequence used by the sensing transmitter and receiver with the sensing RS is a problem currently being studied by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a sensing method, apparatus, and readable storage medium that can determine the pseudo-random sequence used in sensing reference signals and reduce signaling overhead.

[0006] The sensing reference signal in this application can be understood as a reference signal or radar signal used for sensing. For example, the sensing reference signal may be used solely for implementing sensing functions. More specifically, the sensing reference signal may be used for both sensing and other functions, such as communication functions. This application is not limiting.

[0007] The present application is described below from different aspects. It should be understood that the different implementation methods and beneficial effects described below can be referenced from each other.

[0008] In a first aspect, this application provides a sensing method, which can be applied to a first device, which may be a network device (such as a base station) or a terminal, or a communication module or component of the network device or terminal, or a logic module or chip capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the network device or terminal. The method includes: the first device acquiring a first message, which can be used to determine P pseudo-random sequences, each of which is different; the first device then transmitting a sensing reference signal, which carries N... symb N π / 2-BPSK sequences symb The π / 2-BPSK sequences are obtained based on the above P pseudo-random sequences. P is less than or equal to N. symb P and N symb It is an integer greater than 1. The first message may include one or more of the following: first information, second information, or third information. The first information may be used to indicate the initial value of each of the P pseudo-random sequences. The second information may be used to indicate the generator polynomial of each of the P pseudo-random sequences. The third information may be used to indicate the offset value of each of the P pseudo-random sequences.

[0009] For example, the first device may be a sensing transmitter.

[0010] For example, the first device can determine the first message itself, that is, determine P pseudo-random sequences. Alternatively, the first device can obtain the first message from other devices (such as the second or third device) and then determine the P pseudo-random sequences based on the first message. See the description of the embodiments below for details, which will not be elaborated here. The second device can be a sensing receiver, and the third device can be a network entity for managing the "first device" and the "second device". Further descriptions of the first, second, and third devices can be found in the description of the embodiments below, which will not be elaborated here.

[0011] For example, the pseudo-random sequence can be a gold sequence or an m-sequence.

[0012] For example, a π / 2-BPSK sequence can be obtained by modulating a pseudo-random sequence with π / 2-BPSK.

[0013] It is understandable that when P equals N symb When P is less than N, a pseudo-random sequence corresponds to a π / 2-BPSK sequence; symb In this case, among the P pseudo-random sequences, there exists a situation where one pseudo-random sequence corresponds to multiple π / 2-BPSK sequences. In other words, when P is less than N... symb In this case, some of the P pseudo-random sequences can be reused. In other words, when P is less than N... symb At that time, N generated from P pseudo-random sequences symb Some π / 2-BPSK sequences are identical.

[0014] The sensing reference signal of this application carries a π / 2-BPSK sequence, which is generated based on a pseudo-random sequence. The signaling (i.e., the first message mentioned above) indicates some information of the pseudo-random sequence (such as initial value, generator polynomial, or offset value). Based on this information, the sensing transmitter and sensing receiver can determine the pseudo-random sequence, thereby determining the π / 2-BPSK sequence used by the sensing reference signal. This can support radio frequency sensing and reduce signaling overhead.

[0015] Secondly, this application provides a sensing method that can be applied to a second device, which may be a network device (such as a base station) or a terminal, or a communication module or component of the network device or terminal, or a logic module or chip capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the network device or terminal. The method includes: the second device acquiring a first message, which can be used to determine P pseudo-random sequences, each of which is different; the second device receiving an echo signal of a sensing reference signal, the echo signal of which can be obtained by reflecting the sensing reference signal through a target object. The sensing reference signal carries N... symb N π / 2-BPSK sequences symb The π / 2-BPSK sequences are obtained based on the above P pseudo-random sequences. P is less than or equal to N. symb P and N symb It is an integer greater than 1. The first message may include one or more of the following: first information, second information, or third information. The first information may be used to indicate the initial value of each of the P pseudo-random sequences. The second information may be used to indicate the generator polynomial of each of the P pseudo-random sequences. The third information may be used to indicate the offset value of each of the P pseudo-random sequences.

[0016] For example, the second device may be a sensing receiver.

[0017] For example, the second device can determine the first message itself, that is, determine P pseudo-random sequences. Alternatively, the second device can obtain the first message from other devices (such as the first device or the third device) and then determine the P pseudo-random sequences based on the first message. See the description of the embodiments below for details, which will not be elaborated here. The first device can be a sensing transmitter, and the third device can be a network entity for managing the "first device" and the "second device". Further descriptions of the first device, the second device, and the third device can be found in the description of the embodiments below, which will not be elaborated here.

[0018] For example, the pseudo-random sequence can be a gold sequence or an m-sequence.

[0019] For example, a π / 2-BPSK sequence can be obtained by modulating a pseudo-random sequence with π / 2-BPSK.

[0020] It is understandable that when P equals N symb When P is less than N, a pseudo-random sequence corresponds to a π / 2-BPSK sequence; symb In this case, among the P pseudo-random sequences, there exists a situation where one pseudo-random sequence corresponds to multiple π / 2-BPSK sequences. In other words, when P is less than N... symb In this case, some of the P pseudo-random sequences can be reused. In other words, when P is less than N... symb At that time, N generated from P pseudo-random sequences symb Some π / 2-BPSK sequences are identical.

[0021] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, the method further includes: the second device performing sensing measurements based on the echo signal of the received sensing reference signal. Here, sensing measurements can be understood as measuring information such as the distance and speed of the target object.

[0022] Thirdly, this application provides a sensing method that can be applied to a third device, which may be a network device (such as a base station) or a terminal, or a communication module or component of the network device or terminal, or a logic module or chip capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the network device or terminal. The method includes: the third device sending a first message, which can be used to determine P pseudo-random sequences, each of which is distinct. P is an integer greater than 1. The first message may include one or more of the following: first information, second information, or third information. The first information can be used to indicate the initial value of each of the P pseudo-random sequences. The second information is used to indicate the generator polynomial of each of the P pseudo-random sequences. The third information is used to indicate the offset value of each of the P pseudo-random sequences.

[0023] For example, the third device may be a network entity for managing the "first device" and the "second device". It may be a network function in the core network, a device in the access network, or a terminal / device with terminal function / device implementing terminal function.

[0024] For example, the aforementioned first message may be determined by the third device itself and then sent to other devices (such as the first device or the second device); or it may be received from other devices (such as the first device or the second device) and then sent to another device. For instance, the third device determines P pseudo-random sequences and then sends the first message to the first device and / or the second device. Alternatively, the third device receives the first message from the first device and then sends the first message to the second device. Or, the third device receives the first message from the second device and then sends the first message to the first device. For a description of the first device, the second device, and the third device, please refer to the following description of the embodiments, which will not be detailed here.

[0025] For example, the pseudo-random sequence can be a gold sequence or an m-sequence.

[0026] This application indicates some information about the pseudo-random sequence (such as initial value, generator polynomial, or offset value) through signaling (i.e., the first message mentioned above), so that the sensing transmitter and sensing receiver can determine the pseudo-random sequence based on this information, thereby determining the π / 2-BPSK sequence used by the sensing reference signal. Compared with the method of directly indicating the pseudo-random sequence, it can effectively save signaling overhead.

[0027] In conjunction with the third aspect, in one possible implementation, when the third device and the first device belong to the same device, or the third device and the second device belong to the same device, or the third device, the first device, and the second device belong to the same device, the above method further includes: the third device transmitting a sensing reference signal, the sensing reference signal carrying N symb N π / 2-BPSK sequences symb The π / 2-BPSK sequences are obtained based on the above P pseudo-random sequences. P is less than or equal to N. symb P and N symb It is an integer greater than 1.

[0028] It is understandable that "transmission" here can refer to sending or receiving. When "transmission" is understood as receiving, the third device receives the echo signal of the sensing reference signal. The echo signal of the sensing reference signal can be obtained by reflecting the sensing reference signal from the target object.

[0029] Combining any one of the first to third aspects, in one possible implementation, when P is less than N symb At the same time, the first message also includes a fourth message, which can be used to indicate the number of repetitions of one or more pseudo-random sequences among the P pseudo-random sequences.

[0030] The sensing reference signal in this application reduces signaling overhead while maintaining sensing performance by multiplexing a portion of the pseudo-random sequences from P pseudo-random sequences.

[0031] In one possible implementation, combining any one of the first to third aspects, the aforementioned sensing reference signal may include N. symb A π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol carries a π / 2-BPSK sequence.

[0032] In one possible implementation, combining any of the first to third aspects, the aforementioned sensing reference signal maintains phase continuity during transmission. In other words, the first device maintains phase continuity while transmitting the sensing reference signal, and the second device also maintains phase continuity while receiving the echo signal of the sensing reference signal. Furthermore, the sensing reference signal output by the RF channel / RF module / RF unit of the first device maintains phase continuity. The echo signal of the sensing reference signal input to the RF channel / RF module / RF unit of the second device also maintains phase continuity.

[0033] In one possible implementation, combining any of the first to third aspects, one or both of the initial value, generator polynomial, or offset value of the aforementioned pseudo-random sequence are predefined, while the remaining two or one can be configured via the first message. This reduces implementation complexity and signaling overhead.

[0034] In one possible implementation, in conjunction with any of the first to third aspects, the initial value of the aforementioned pseudo-random sequence may be related to the index of the time slot in which the aforementioned sensing reference signal is located within the frame, and the index of the π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol in the time slot in which the sensing reference signal is located.

[0035] For example, the initial value of the aforementioned pseudo-random sequence may also be related to one or more of the following parameters: the system frame number (SFN) of the sensing reference signal, the cyclic prefix (CP) type of the sensing reference signal, the identifier of the sensing transmitter (such as the first device), the identifier of the sensing receiver (such as the second device), or the identifier of the sensing area where the target object is located. For example, the aforementioned first information may include one or more of the following parameters: the SFN of the sensing reference signal, the CP type of the sensing reference signal, the identifier of the sensing transmitter (such as the first device), the identifier of the sensing receiver (such as the second device), or the identifier of the sensing area where the target object is located.

[0036] For example, the first information may include relevant parameters for determining the initial values ​​of the P pseudo-random sequences, such as one or more of the parameters mentioned above.

[0037] It is understandable that when the initial value of the pseudo-random sequence is related to the SFN of the sensing reference signal, it is possible to achieve different sensing reference signals belonging to different frames. The CP type can include extended CP (ECP) and normal CP (NCP). When performing sensing based on the two-dimensional Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) algorithm, the maximum unambiguous distance is related to the CP length. Depending on the sensing requirements, such as the detection distance, the CP length of the sensing reference signal can be configured. For example, a longer CP can be configured for long-range sensing scenarios than for short-to-medium moment sensing scenarios. For instance, long-range sensing scenarios use ECP, while short-to-medium moment sensing scenarios use normal CP.

[0038] In one possible implementation, combining any of the first to third aspects, the generator polynomial of the aforementioned pseudo-random sequence is associated with a first function and a predefined set of generator polynomials. The first function is a function with a positive integer value. This first function can be associated with the index of the time slot containing the sensing reference signal within the frame and the index of the π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol within the time slot containing the sensing reference signal.

[0039] For example, the first function described above may also be associated with one or more of the following parameters: the SFN of the sensing reference signal, the CP type of the sensing reference signal, the identifier of the sensing transmitter (such as the first device), the identifier of the sensing receiver (such as the second device), or the identifier of the sensing area where the target object is located. For example, the second information described above may include one or more of the following parameters: the SFN of the sensing reference signal, the CP type of the sensing reference signal, the identifier of the sensing transmitter (such as the first device), the identifier of the sensing receiver (such as the second device), or the identifier of the sensing area where the target object is located.

[0040] For example, the second information may include relevant parameters for determining the first function, such as one or more of the parameters mentioned above.

[0041] In this embodiment of the application, the parameters related to the generator polynomial of the pseudo-random sequence are indicated by the second information, so that the sensing transmitter (i.e., the first device) and / or the sensing receiver (i.e., the second device) can determine the pseudo-random sequence based on the second information, thereby knowing the π / 2-BPSK sequence used, which can effectively save signaling overhead.

[0042] In one possible implementation, combining any one of the first to third aspects, the offset value of the aforementioned pseudo-random sequence is related to the first function and N. symb The first function is related to the length of the π / 2-BPSK sequence. This first function is a function with a positive integer value. This first function can be correlated with the index of the time slot containing the sensing reference signal within the frame and the index of the π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol within the time slot containing the sensing reference signal.

[0043] For example, the first function described above may also be associated with one or more of the following parameters: the SFN of the sensing reference signal, the CP type of the sensing reference signal, the identifier of the sensing transmitter (such as the first device), the identifier of the sensing receiver (such as the second device), or the identifier of the sensing area where the target object is located. For example, the second information described above may include one or more of the following parameters: the SFN of the sensing reference signal, the CP type of the sensing reference signal, the identifier of the sensing transmitter (such as the first device), the identifier of the sensing receiver (such as the second device), or the identifier of the sensing area where the target object is located.

[0044] For example, the aforementioned third information may include relevant parameters for determining the first function, N symb And the length of the π / 2-BPSK sequence.

[0045] This application indicates parameters related to the offset value of the pseudo-random sequence through third information, so that the sensing transmitter (i.e., the first device) and / or the sensing receiver (i.e., the second device) can determine the pseudo-random sequence based on the third information, thereby knowing the π / 2-BPSK sequence used, which can effectively save signaling overhead.

[0046] Fourthly, this application provides a communication device, which may be a first device or a chip within a first device. The communication device is used to perform the methods described in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof. The communication device includes modules having the ability to perform the methods described in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0047] Fifthly, this application provides a communication device, which may be a second device or a chip within a second device. The communication device is used to perform the methods described in the second aspect or any possible implementation thereof. The communication device includes modules having the capability to perform the methods described in the second aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0048] Sixthly, this application provides a communication device, which may be a third device or a chip within a third device. The communication device is used to execute the methods described in the third aspect or any possible implementation thereof. The communication device includes modules having the ability to execute the methods described in the third aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0049] In aspects four through six, the aforementioned communication apparatus may include a transceiver module and a processing module. Further details regarding the transceiver module and processing module can be found in the apparatus embodiments shown below. The beneficial effects of aspects four through six can be referenced in the relevant descriptions of aspects one through three, and will not be repeated here.

[0050] In a seventh aspect, this application provides a sensing method, which can be applied to a first device, which may be a network device (such as a base station) or a terminal, or a communication module or component of the network device or terminal, or a logic module or chip capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the network device or terminal. The method includes: the first device acquiring a first message, which can be used to indicate the identifier of each of P Gray complement pairs (GCPs), wherein each of the P Gray complement pairs is different; the first device then transmitting a sensing reference signal, which carries N... symb N π / 2-BPSK sequences symb The π / 2-BPSK sequence is obtained based on these P Gray complement pairs. An N symb Each π / 2-BPSK sequence corresponds to one Gray sequence in a Gray complement pair. P is less than or equal to N. symb / 2, P and N symb It is an integer greater than 1.

[0051] For example, the first device may be a sensing transmitter.

[0052] For example, the first device can determine the first message itself, that is, determine P Gray complement pairs. Alternatively, the first device can obtain the first message from other devices (such as the second or third device) and then determine P Gray complement pairs based on the first message. See the description of the embodiments below for details, which will not be elaborated here. The second device can be a sensing receiver, and the third device can be a network entity for managing the "first device" and the "second device". Further descriptions of the first, second, and third devices can be found in the description of the embodiments below, which will not be elaborated here.

[0053] For example, a π / 2-BPSK sequence can be obtained by π / 2-BPSK modulation of a Gray sequence in a Gray complement pair.

[0054] It is understandable that when P equals N symb When P is less than N, one Gray complement pair corresponds to two π / 2-BPSK sequences; symb When P is less than N, there exists a case where one of the P Gray complement pairs corresponds to at least four π / 2-BPSK sequences. In other words, when P is less than N... symb When P is less than N, some of the P Gray complement pairs can be reused. In other words, when P is less than N... symb When / 2, N is generated from P complementary gray pairs. symb Some π / 2-BPSK sequences are identical.

[0055] The sensing reference signal in this application carries a π / 2-BPSK sequence, which is generated based on a GCP. The identifier of the GCP is indicated by signaling. Based on the identifier, the sensing transmitter and sensing receiver can determine the GCP, thereby determining the π / 2-BPSK sequence used by the sensing reference signal. This can support radio frequency sensing and reduce signaling overhead.

[0056] Eighthly, this application provides a sensing method that can be applied to a second device, which may be a network device (such as a base station) or a terminal, or a communication module or component of the network device or terminal, or a logic module or chip capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the network device or terminal. The method includes: the second device acquiring a first message, which can be used to indicate the identifier of each of P Gray complement pairs, wherein each of the P Gray complement pairs is different; the second device receiving an echo signal of a sensing reference signal, the echo signal of which can be obtained by reflecting the sensing reference signal through a target object. The sensing reference signal carries N... symb N π / 2-BPSK sequences symbThe π / 2-BPSK sequence is obtained based on these P Gray complement pairs. An N symb Each π / 2-BPSK sequence corresponds to one Gray sequence in a Gray complement pair. P is less than or equal to N. symb / 2, P and N symb It is an integer greater than 1.

[0057] For example, the second device may be a sensing receiver.

[0058] For example, the second device can determine the first message itself, that is, determine P Gray complement pairs. Alternatively, the second device can obtain the first message from other devices (such as the first device or the third device) and then determine P Gray complement pairs based on the first message. See the description of the embodiments below for details, which will not be elaborated here. The first device can be a sensing transmitter, and the third device can be a network entity for managing the "first device" and the "second device". Further descriptions of the first device, the second device, and the third device can be found in the description of the embodiments below, which will not be elaborated here.

[0059] For example, a π / 2-BPSK sequence can be obtained by π / 2-BPSK modulation of a Gray sequence in a Gray complement pair.

[0060] It is understandable that when P equals N symb When P is less than N, one Gray complement pair corresponds to two π / 2-BPSK sequences; symb When P is less than N, there exists a case where one of the P Gray complement pairs corresponds to at least four π / 2-BPSK sequences. In other words, when P is less than N... symb When P is less than N, some of the P Gray complement pairs can be reused. In other words, when P is less than N... symb When / 2, N is generated from P complementary gray pairs. symb Some π / 2-BPSK sequences are identical.

[0061] In conjunction with the eighth aspect, in one possible implementation, the above method further includes: the second device performing sensing measurements based on the echo signal of the received sensing reference signal. Here, sensing measurements can be understood as measuring information such as the distance and speed of the target object.

[0062] Ninthly, this application provides a sensing method that can be applied to a third device, which may be a network device (such as a base station) or a terminal, or a communication module or component of the network device or terminal, or a logic module or chip capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the network device or terminal. The method includes: the third device sending a first message, which can be used to indicate the identifier of each of P Gray complement pairs, where each of the P Gray complement pairs is distinct. P is an integer greater than 1.

[0063] For example, the third device may be a network entity used to manage the "first device" and the "second device". It may be a network function of the core network, a device in the access network, or a terminal / device with terminal function / device implementing terminal function.

[0064] In conjunction with the ninth aspect, in one possible implementation, when the third device and the first device belong to the same device, or the third device and the second device belong to the same device, or the third device, the first device, and the second device belong to the same device, the above method further includes: the third device transmitting a sensing reference signal, the sensing reference signal carrying N symb N π / 2-BPSK sequences symb The π / 2-BPSK sequence is obtained based on these P Gray complement pairs. An N symb Each π / 2-BPSK sequence corresponds to one Gray sequence in a Gray complement pair. P is less than or equal to N. symb / 2,N symb It is an integer greater than 1.

[0065] It is understandable that "transmission" here can refer to sending or receiving. When "transmission" is understood as receiving, the third device receives the echo signal of the sensing reference signal. The echo signal of the sensing reference signal can be obtained by reflecting the sensing reference signal from the target object.

[0066] Combining any one of aspects seven through nine, in one possible implementation, when P is less than N symb When / 2, the first message mentioned above can also be used to indicate the number of repetitions of one or more Gray complement pairs among the P Gray complement pairs mentioned above.

[0067] The sensing reference signal in this application reduces signaling overhead by multiplexing some of the P Gray complement pairs, while maintaining sensing performance.

[0068] In conjunction with any of the seventh to ninth aspects, in one possible implementation, the aforementioned sensing reference signal may include N. symbA π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol carries a π / 2-BPSK sequence.

[0069] In conjunction with any of aspects seven through nine, in one possible implementation, the aforementioned sensing reference signal maintains phase continuity during transmission. In other words, the first device maintains phase continuity while transmitting the sensing reference signal, and the second device also maintains phase continuity while receiving the echo signal of the sensing reference signal. Furthermore, the sensing reference signal output by the RF channel / RF module / RF unit of the first device maintains phase continuity. The echo signal of the sensing reference signal input by the RF channel / RF module / RF unit of the second device also maintains phase continuity.

[0070] In one possible implementation, in conjunction with any of the seventh to ninth aspects, the first message may include an identifier for each of the P Gray complement pairs.

[0071] In conjunction with any of aspects seven through nine, in one possible implementation, the identifier of a Gray complement pair can be associated with a first function and a predefined set of Gray complement pairs. The first function can be a function with a positive integer value. The first function can be associated with the index of the time slot containing the sensing reference signal within the frame, and the index of the π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol within the time slot containing the sensing reference signal.

[0072] For example, the first function described above may also be associated with one or more of the following parameters: the SFN of the sensing reference signal, the CP type of the sensing reference signal, the identifier of the sensing transmitter (such as the first device), the identifier of the sensing receiver (such as the second device), or the identifier of the sensing area where the target object is located. For example, the second information described above may include one or more of the following parameters: the SFN of the sensing reference signal, the CP type of the sensing reference signal, the identifier of the sensing transmitter (such as the first device), the identifier of the sensing receiver (such as the second device), or the identifier of the sensing area where the target object is located.

[0073] For example, the first message mentioned above may indicate the parameters used to determine these P Gray complement pairs.

[0074] In a tenth aspect, this application provides a communication device, which may be a first device or a chip within a first device. The communication device is used to perform the methods described in the seventh aspect or any possible implementation thereof. The communication device includes modules having the capability to perform the methods described in the seventh aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0075] Eleventhly, this application provides a communication device, which may be a second device or a chip within a second device. The communication device is used to perform the methods in the eighth aspect or any possible implementation thereof. The communication device includes modules having the ability to perform the methods in the eighth aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0076] In a twelfth aspect, this application provides a communication device, which may be a third device or a chip within a third device. The communication device is used to perform the methods in the ninth aspect or any possible implementation thereof. The communication device includes modules having functions for performing the methods in the ninth aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0077] In aspects ten through twelfth, the aforementioned communication apparatus may include a transceiver module and a processing module. Further details regarding the transceiver module and processing module can be found in the apparatus embodiments shown below. The beneficial effects of aspects ten through twelfth can be found in the relevant descriptions of aspects seven through nine, and will not be repeated here.

[0078] In a thirteenth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a communication device including a processor configured to execute the methods described in the first, second, third, seventh, eighth, and ninth aspects, or any one of them or any possible implementation thereof. The processor executes a program stored in a memory, and when the program is executed, the methods described in the first, second, third, seventh, eighth, and ninth aspects, or any one of them or any possible implementation thereof, are executed.

[0079] In conjunction with aspect thirteen, in one possible implementation, the memory is located outside the aforementioned communication device.

[0080] In conjunction with aspect thirteen, in one possible implementation, the memory is located within the aforementioned communication device.

[0081] In this embodiment, the processor and memory can also be integrated into a single device, that is, the processor and memory can be integrated together. For example, the communication device can be a chip.

[0082] In a fourteenth aspect, this application provides a communication device including a processor and an interface circuit coupled together. The interface circuit is used for exchanging (or sending / receiving or inputting / outputting) information or data. The processor is used to execute program instructions causing the communication device to perform the methods described in any possible implementation of the first, second, third, seventh, eighth, or ninth aspects above. The interface circuit may be a communication interface or a transceiver. The transceiver may be a radio frequency module in the communication device, or a combination of a radio frequency module and an antenna, or an input / output interface of a chip or circuit.

[0083] In a fifteenth aspect, this application provides a readable storage medium storing a computer program or instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the methods described in any possible implementation of the first, second, third, seventh, eighth, or ninth aspects above.

[0084] In a sixteenth aspect, this application provides a computer program product containing program instructions that, when executed, causes the method described in any possible implementation of the first, second, third, seventh, eighth, or ninth aspects, or any of them, to be performed.

[0085] In a seventeenth aspect, this application provides a sensing system comprising at least a first device and a second device. The first device is used to perform the method described in any possible implementation of the first aspect, or the seventh aspect, or any of the above aspects; the second device is used to perform the method described in any possible implementation of the second aspect, or the eighth aspect, or any of the above aspects.

[0086] In conjunction with the seventeenth aspect, in one possible implementation, the sensing system further includes a third device for performing the method described in the third aspect, or the ninth aspect, or any possible implementation thereof.

[0087] The technical effects achieved in the above aspects can be referred to each other or to the beneficial effects in the method embodiments shown below, which will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0088] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the generation and demodulation of NR OFDM symbols;

[0089] Figure 2 is a simplified schematic diagram of phase-continuous signals and phase-discontinuous signals;

[0090] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a possible, non-limiting system architecture provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0091] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a wireless radio frequency sensing scenario provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0092] Figure 5 is a flowchart illustrating a sensing method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0093] Figure 6a is a schematic diagram of the generation of a single π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0094] Figure 6b is another schematic diagram of generating a single π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0095] Figure 7 is another schematic diagram of the generation of a single π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0096] Figure 8 is another flowchart illustrating the sensing method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0097] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a possible communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0098] Figure 10 is another structural schematic diagram of a possible communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0099] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The specific operation methods and functional descriptions in the method embodiments can also be applied to the device embodiments or system embodiments.

[0100] In the various embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified or in case of logical conflict, the terminology and / or descriptions of different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features of different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationship.

[0101] In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. In the textual description of this application, the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, and c can mean: a, or, b, or, c, or, a and b, or, a and c, or, b and c, or, a, b, and c. Here, a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0102] In this application, terms such as "first" and "second" are merely for descriptive convenience and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application. For example, they distinguish different instruction information, rather than describing a specific order or sequence. Such descriptions can be interchanged where appropriate to describe solutions other than those in the embodiments of this application.

[0103] In this application, "instruction" or "for instruction" can include both direct and indirect instruction. When describing instruction information as being used to instruct A, it may include whether the instruction information directly or indirectly instructs A, but does not necessarily mean that the instruction information carries A.

[0104] The indication methods involved in the embodiments of this application should be understood to cover various methods that enable the party to be indicated to obtain the information to be indicated. The information to be indicated can be sent as a whole or divided into multiple sub-information and sent separately. Moreover, the sending period and / or sending time of these sub-information can be the same or different. This application does not limit the sending method, for example.

[0105] The "instruction information" in the embodiments of this application can be an explicit instruction, that is, a direct instruction through signaling, or an instruction obtained by combining other rules or parameters with the parameters indicated by the signaling, or by deduction. It can also be an implicit instruction, that is, an instruction obtained based on rules or relationships, or based on other parameters, or by deduction. This application does not specifically limit it in this regard.

[0106] In this application, "predefined" may include predefined terms, such as protocol definitions. "Preconfiguration" can be achieved by pre-storing corresponding codes, tables, or other means that can be used to indicate relevant information in the device, and this application does not limit the implementation method.

[0107] In this application, "transmission" includes both "sending" and "receiving." "Transmission" can be understood as "sending" at the sending end and "receiving" at the receiving end. "Transmission" can also be described as "output." In this application, terms such as "message," "information," or "information element (IE)" can be used interchangeably. There are no limitations on the names of messages or information, as long as they achieve the corresponding functionality.

[0108] "Sending information to XX (device)" can be understood as the destination of the information being that device. This can include sending information directly or indirectly to that device. "Receiving information from XX (device), or receiving information from XX (device)" can be understood as the source of the information being that device. This can include receiving information directly or indirectly from that device. Information may undergo necessary processing between the source and destination, such as format changes, but the destination can understand the valid information from the source. Similar expressions in this application can be understood in a similar way, and will not be elaborated further here. Furthermore, "sending" can also be understood as the "output" of the chip interface, and "receiving" can also be understood as the "input" of the chip interface. In other words, "sending" or "receiving" can occur between devices, for example, between network devices and terminal devices via an air interface; "sending" or "receiving" can also occur within a device, for example, between components, modules, chips, software modules, or hardware modules within the device via a bus, wiring, or interface.

[0109] It is understandable that information may undergo necessary processing, such as encoding and modulation, between the source and destination, but the destination can understand the valid information from the source. Similar statements in this application can be interpreted in a similar way and will not be elaborated further.

[0110] In this application, the words "exemplary," "for example," "such as," etc., are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as an "example" in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the term "example" is used to present concepts in a concrete manner.

[0111] In this application, expressions such as "C corresponds to D" or "C corresponds / is associated / is related to D" all indicate that there is a correspondence / mapping relationship between C and D, and that D can be determined based on C. Determining D based on C includes determining D solely based on C, as well as determining D based on C and other information. Furthermore, the use of information C to determine information D can also include indirect determination, such as when information D is determined based on information E, and information E is determined based on information C.

[0112] To facilitate understanding of this application, some terms or nouns used in this application are introduced below.

[0113] I. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing

[0114] Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is a multi-carrier modulation technique that divides a channel into several orthogonal sub-channels and converts high-speed data signals into parallel low-speed sub-data streams, which are then modulated onto each sub-channel for transmission. This reduces mutual interference between sub-channels, improves spectral efficiency, and effectively combats multipath fading and frequency-selective fading. Therefore, OFDM technology is widely used in wireless communication.

[0115] For example, see Figure 1, which is a flowchart of NR OFDM symbol generation and demodulation. The data sequence includes modulation symbols obtained by modulating the (encoded) bitstream. Modulation schemes can include, but are not limited to, pulse amplitude modulation (PAM), phase shift keying (PSK), quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), and amplitude phase shift keying (APSK). Therefore, the signal {S(p)} is a frequency domain signal. The serial-to-parallel (S / P) module converts M consecutive data S(kM), S(kM+1), ..., S(kM+M-1) into M-dimensional data S. k =[S(kM),S(kM+1),…,S(kM+M-1)] T The subscript k represents the OFDM symbol number, and the superscript T represents transpose. Through subcarrier mapping, S k The M data carried are modulated onto N subcarriers. sc On N subcarriers, where N sc =M, the rest (NN) sc The N subcarriers can be understood as being modulated by data 0. The N-dimensional data vector X k A set of N complex time-domain sampling points x is obtained by performing an N-point inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT). k =[x k (0),x k (1),…,x k (N-1)] T .

[0116] It is understandable that, since OFDM symbols can include cyclic prefixes (CP), the process of generating OFDM symbols can also include the addition of CPs.

[0117] One possible CP addition operation is: copy x k The last G samples are appended to x. k At the beginning, thus obtaining the time-domain OFDM symbol. Therefore, an OFDM symbol can contain valid data x k And cyclic prefix (redundant data). Among them, CP can eliminate inter-symbol interference (ISI) caused by multipath propagation (the propagation phenomenon of radio signals reaching the receiver through two or more paths).

[0118] At the receiver, OFDM symbols are demodulated through inverse processing. Assuming time and frequency synchronization are available and the CP length is sufficient, the CP removal operation (i.e., removing the first G samples from the received signal) yields a data block with N samples without ISI. This data block with N samples without ISI is also equal to x. k Circular convolution with the channel impulse response. The time-domain circular convolution can be converted into frequency-domain dot product using the discrete Fourier transform (DFT), and then low-complexity channel equalization can be achieved using frequency-domain single-tap equalization.

[0119] In one possible implementation, the above S k This may include the aforementioned modulation symbols and / or redundant signal sampling points. Redundant signal sampling points may include phase tracking reference signal (PTRS) sampling points, demodulation reference signals, or tone-preserving signals, etc.

[0120] It is understandable that when N satisfies certain constraints, such as N being a power of 2, 3, or 5, the IDFT can also be implemented using the efficient inverse fast fourier transform (IFFT). Correspondingly, the DFT can also be implemented using the efficient FFT. In the following sections of this application, IDFT and IFFT are interchangeable, as are DFT and fast fourier transform (FFT).

[0121] The above N sc This can be understood as the number of subcarriers within the transmission bandwidth, for example, N in Figure 1. sc= M. Optionally, N sc can also be greater than or less than M. For example, in frequency-domain spectral shaping with bandwidth expansion, N sc > M, the sequence of length M of S k can be sequence-expanded, and it is assumed that the length of the expanded sequence is equal to N sc . For another example, in frequency-domain spectral shaping with bandwidth compression, N sc < M, the sequence of length M of S k can be sequence-truncated, and it is assumed that the length of the truncated sequence is equal to N sc .

[0122] II. OFDM with Discrete Fourier Transform Spreading

[0123] OFDM with discrete Fourier transform spreading (DFT-s-OFDM) is shown in FIG. 1 as described above. DFT-s-OFDM defines a data block s k transmitted in the time domain, and there is an additional DFT process before subcarrier mapping, that is, for each data block s k containing M data, an M-point DFT operation is performed to obtain S k . Through this operation, the DFT-s-OFDM signal has the characteristics of a single carrier and has a much lower peak-to-average power ratio (referred to as PAPR for short) than multi-carrier signals such as OFDM. Therefore, in the case of the same power amplifier (referred to as PA for short), DFT-s-OFDM can provide a greater output power and a higher PA efficiency, so as to achieve the purpose of improving coverage and reducing energy consumption. Because the coverage and power consumption advantages of DFT-s-OFDM are particularly obvious on the terminal device side, DFT-s-OFDM can be applied to uplink transmission.

[0124] Correspondingly, at the receiving end, as shown in FIG. 1 as described above, there is an additional IDFT process after subcarrier demapping, that is, an M-point IDFT operation is performed on the data after subcarrier demapping.

[0125] In a possible implementation, the above s k can include modulation symbols and / or redundant signal sampling points. Among them, the modulation symbol can be a modulation symbol obtained by modulating a (coded) bit stream. The modulation scheme can include PAM, PSK, QAM, offset quadrature amplitude modulation (OQAM), APSK, etc. The redundant signal sampling points can include PTRS sampling points, unique word (UW), zeros, etc.

[0126] It is understandable that in practical applications, if s k If unique words or zero tails (ZT) are included, then the CP operation may not be required during the OFDM symbol generation process. In other words, the DFT-s-OFDM mentioned below in the embodiments of this application can be CP DFT-s-OFDM, ZT-DFT-s-OFDM, or UW-DFT-s-OFDM, etc.

[0127] III. π / 2 binary phase shift keying

[0128] The modulation performed on the (encoded) bitstream described above is also called bit mapping. For example, bit mapping schemes (or modulation schemes) include, but are not limited to: binary phase shift keying (BPSK), π / 2-BPSK, quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), or QAM, etc. QPSK can also be called 4QAM.

[0129] Taking the BPSK modulation mapper as an example, it maps the i-th bit b(i) to the i-th BPSK symbol d(i) according to formula (1-1):

[0130] Taking the π / 2-BPSK modulation mapper as an example, it maps the i-th bit b(i) to the i-th π / 2-BPSK symbol d(i) according to formula (1-2):

[0131] Based on formula (1-2), it can be deduced that there is only a 90-degree phase transition between two adjacent π / 2-BPSK symbols in the π / 2-BPSK sequence.

[0132] Taking the QPSK modulation mapper as another example, it maps two consecutive bits to a QPSK symbol, as shown in the following formula (1-3):

[0133] Where b(2i) and b(2i+1) represent the 2i-th and 2i+1-th bits respectively, and d(i) represents the i-th QPSK symbol.

[0134] Therefore, it can be concluded that both π / 2-BPSK sequences and QPSK sequences are constant modulus sequences, meaning that all elements in the sequence have the same modulus (or absolute value).

[0135] IV. Pseudo-random sequences

[0136] A pseudo-random sequence is a sequence generated by deterministic methods that exhibits properties similar to randomness. Commonly used pseudo-random sequences include, but are not limited to: gold sequences, m-sequences, and Gray complementary pairs (GCPs).

[0137] The m-sequence can be generated by a linear feedback shift register (LFSR). The sequence in the shift register can be shifted right bit by bit under the action of shift pulses. Each time it shifts right by one bit, a vacancy is created at the leftmost end. If a feedback function is used, with the existing sequence in the shift register as its input and the output of the feedback function filling the leftmost end of the shift register, the shift register will have a continuous output. If the feedback function is linear, this type of shift register is called a linear feedback shift register.

[0138] For example, the feedback function of an LFSR containing 4 registers is: x(n+4)=(x(n+1)+x(n))mod 2,n=0,1,…………………………………………………(1-4)

[0139] Here, mod represents the modulo operation, and the same expression in the following text has the same meaning, so it will not be repeated. For example, 12 mod 5 = 2. x(n) is the binary sequence generated by LFSR. [x(0),x(1),…,x(3)] is the initial value of this binary sequence.

[0140] The feedback function of a k-th order LFSR (i.e., the LFSR contains k registers) can be expressed by a k-th order polynomial f(z) = g(k)z. k +g(k-1)z k-1 +…+g(2)z 2 The equivalent description is +g(1)z+g(0), where g(k)=1, and g(0),…,g(k-1)∈{0,1}. For example, the feedback function (1-4) above corresponds to the polynomial f(z)=z 4 +z 1 +1.

[0141] A k-th order LFSR can output a period of less than or equal to 2. k For a sequence of -1, choosing a suitable feedback function / polynomial can make the sequence period reach 2. k -1. A sequence whose period reaches its maximum value is called an m-sequence. In other words, the generator polynomial of an m-sequence is a primitive polynomial. For example, when k = 7, there are 18 primitive polynomials, two of which are f(z) = z.7 +z+1、f(z)=z 7 +z 3 +1.

[0142] A gold sequence c(n) can be constructed based on two m sequences. For example: c(n) = (x1(n+N)) c,1 )+x2(n+N c,2 ))mod 2…………………………………………(1-5)

[0143] Where x1(n) is the first m-sequence, x2(n) is the second m-sequence, and the offset N is... c,1 and N c,2为 Two integers.

[0144] In the New Radio (NR) protocol, the generator polynomial of the gold sequence is given by the following formula (1-6): c(n)=(x1(n+N)) C )+x2(n+N C ))mod 2………………………………………………………………(1-6) x1(n+31)=(x1(n+3)+x1(n))mod 2……………………………………………………(1-7)

[0145] Where, N C =1600, Formula (1-7) represents the feedback function of x1(n), and Formula (1-8) represents the feedback function of x2(n). In the NR protocol, the initial value of x1(n) is x1(0) = 1, x1(n) = 0, n = 1, 2, ..., 30; the initial value of x2(n) is c init Configurable. Therefore, when using the NR gold sequence, the initial value of the gold sequence is actually the initial value of x2(n).

[0146] Let a and b be binary sequences of length M0, denoted as: and in BPSK modulation is applied to a and b respectively to obtain sequences c and d. If the sum of the autocorrelation functions of c and d is the impulse function, that is, if sequences c and d satisfy the following formula (1-9), then a and b are called Gray complement pairs.

[0147] The superscript * indicates the complex conjugate operation. It can be understood that the time-domain impulse function corresponds to the frequency-domain constant-mode signal.

[0148] Furthermore, the sequence length M0 in GCP is restricted to satisfy the following:

[0149] Where α1, α2 and α3 are all non-negative integers.

[0150] V. Phase continuity

[0151] Let's take a sinusoidal signal as an example to illustrate phase continuity. The mathematical expression for a sinusoidal signal is x(t) = sin(α(t)), where α(t) = 2πft + θ, f represents the frequency, and θ represents the initial phase. For example, θ can be a constant. In practical applications, θ may vary with time. Here, for ease of explanation, we assume θ is a constant. See Figure 2, which shows a simplified diagram of phase-continuous and phase-discontinuous signals. The horizontal axis of Figure 2 represents time t, and the vertical axis represents the amplitude of the sinusoidal wave x(t). Suppose a sinusoidal signal has a frequency of f0 during the period from t0 to t1, switches to f1 at time t1, and then switches back to frequency f0 at time t2. If the phase of the signal is the same after the frequency switching as before the switching, the signal is said to be phase-continuous. Because x(t) = sin(α(t)), if the phase α(t) is continuous, then the amplitude x(t) is continuous. Figure 2 includes two curves. Curve 1 shows the case where the phase of the signal is the same after the frequency switch as before the frequency switch, and the signal is called phase continuous. Curve 2 shows the case where the phase of the signal is different after the frequency switch as before the frequency switch, and the signal is called phase discontinuous.

[0152] The following describes phase continuity under discontinuous transmission. For example, a sinusoidal signal is transmitted at frequency f0 from t0 to t1, with phase α(t) = 2πf0t + θ0, t0 ≤ t ≤ t1. No signal is transmitted from t1 to t2. After time t2, a sinusoidal signal is transmitted again at frequency f0, with phase α(t) = 2πf0t + θ1, t ≥ t2. Under this discontinuous transmission, to ensure phase continuity, θ0 = θ1 is required. It can be understood that α(t1) can be equal to α(t2), or it can be different from α(t2).

[0153] When a signal passes through a power amplifier (PA), the amplitude and phase of each frequency signal component are affected by the PA. Therefore, changing the frequency domain characteristics of the PA input signal, such as the occupied bandwidth or carrier frequency, will lead to phase discontinuities. Furthermore, adjusting the PA gain will also cause phase discontinuities. Therefore, to ensure phase continuity, the power is usually kept constant.

[0154] The following describes the systems and application scenarios involved in this application.

[0155] It is understood that the system architecture and application scenarios described in this application are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of this application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in this application. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of system architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0156] The embodiments of this application can be implemented in any device, system, or network capable of transmitting and receiving radio frequency (RF) signals. For example, the embodiments of this application can be applied to ultra-wideband (UWB) systems using the 802.15.4 series of protocols, wireless local area network (WLAN) systems using the 802.11 series of protocols, code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, global system for mobile communications (GSM), universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS), wideband-CDMA (W-CDMA) systems, long term evolution (LTE) systems, 5G systems or new radio (NR), internet of things (IoT), non-terrestrial networks (NTN), or future communication systems such as sixth-generation mobile communication systems, etc.

[0157] Referring to Figure 3, which is a schematic diagram of a possible, non-limiting system architecture provided by an embodiment of this application, the system 1000 includes a radio access network 100 and a core network 200. Optionally, the system 1000 may also include an Internet 300. The radio access network 100 may include at least one radio access network (RAN) device (110a and 110b in Figure 3, collectively referred to as 110) and at least one terminal (120a-120j in Figure 3, collectively referred to as 120). The terminal connects to the network device wirelessly, and the network device connects to the core network wirelessly or via a wired connection. The core network device and the network device may be independent physical devices, or the functions of the core network device and the logical functions of the network device may be integrated on the same physical device, or a single physical device may integrate some of the functions of the core network device and some of the functions of the network device. Terminals and network devices can be interconnected via wired or wireless means. Optionally, Figure 3 is only a schematic diagram. The system may also include other network devices, such as wireless relay devices and wireless backhaul devices, which are not shown in Figure 3. The system shown in Figure 3 can realize communication, sensing, and / or positioning. For example, terminal 120a can send RF signals to perform RF sensing of one or more target objects.

[0158] A network device can be a device deployed in a radio access network that enables wireless communication with terminals, such as a radio access network device. Network devices can take many forms, including base stations, evolved NodeBs (eNodeBs), transmission reception points (TRPs), next-generation NodeBs (gNBs) in 5G mobile communication systems, base stations in future mobile communication systems, or access points (APs) in Wi-Fi systems. Network devices can also be open radio access network (O-RAN) devices, cloud radio access network (CRAN) devices, satellites or drones in NTN communications, and access network devices in communication systems that integrate two or more of the above systems. Network equipment can be a macro base station (as shown in Figure 3, 110a), a micro base station or an indoor station (as shown in Figure 3, 110b), a relay node or a donor node, or a terminal that implements base station functions in machine-to-machine (M2M) or device-to-device (D2D) communication.

[0159] In addition, network devices can also be modules or units that perform some of the functions of a base station. For example, they can be central units (CU), distributed units (DU), or radio units (RU). RUs can be used to transmit and receive radio signals. CUs and DUs can be two independent network devices or integrated into the same network device, such as within a baseband unit (BBU). RUs can be included in radio equipment, such as in remote radio units (RRUs) or active antenna units (AAUs). CUs can be further divided into two types of radio access network nodes: CU-control plane and CU-user plane. In different systems, network devices may have different names. For example, in an O-RAN system, a CU can be called an open CU (O-CU), a DU can be called an open DU (O-DU), and an RU can be called an open RU (O-RU). The network devices in the embodiments of this application can be implemented by software modules, hardware modules, or a combination of software modules and hardware modules. For example, the network device can be a server loaded with corresponding software modules.

[0160] The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technologies or device forms used in the network devices. For ease of description, a base station is used as an example of a network device in the following description. It is understood that a base station can be referred to as a communication device. For example, a base station can be understood as a device with base station functions. For example, the device used to implement the functions of a base station can be a base station; or some components in a base station, such as CU, DU, etc. It can also be a device that can support the base station in implementing this function, such as a chip system, hardware circuit, software module, or hardware circuit plus software module, which can be installed in a base station or can be used in conjunction with a base station. In the embodiments of this application, the chip system can be composed of chips or can include chips and other discrete devices.

[0161] A terminal is a device with wireless transceiver capabilities, capable of sending signals to or receiving signals from a base station. Terminals can also be referred to as terminal equipment, user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), non-access point station (non-AP STA), etc. Terminal 120 can be widely used in various scenarios, such as cellular communication, WLAN communication, device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X), peer-to-peer (P2P), machine-to-machine (M2M), machine-type communication (MTC), Internet of Things (IoT), virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wearables, smart transportation, smart city, smart home, drones, robots, remote sensing, passive sensing, positioning, navigation and tracking, autonomous delivery and mobility, etc.

[0162] The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technology or device form used in the terminal. It is understood that a terminal can be referred to as a communication device. For example, a terminal can be understood as a device with terminal functions. For example, the device used to implement the terminal functions can be a terminal itself; it can also be a device capable of supporting the terminal in implementing those functions, such as a chip system, hardware circuit, software module, or hardware circuit plus software module. This device can be installed in the terminal or can be used in conjunction with the terminal.

[0163] Base stations and terminals can be fixed or mobile. They can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; they can also be deployed on water; and they can be deployed on aircraft, balloons, and satellites. The embodiments of this application do not limit the application scenarios of the base stations and terminals.

[0164] The roles of base stations and terminals can be relative. For example, the helicopter or drone 120i in Figure 3 can be configured as a mobile base station. For terminals 120j that access the wireless access network 100 through 120i, drone 120i is a base station; however, for base station 110a, 120i is a terminal, meaning that 110a and 120i communicate via a wireless air interface protocol. Of course, 110a and 120i can also communicate via a base station-to-base station interface protocol. In this case, relative to 110a, 120i is also a base station. Therefore, both base stations and terminals can be collectively referred to as communication devices. 110a and 110b in Figure 3 can be called communication devices with base station functions, and 120a-120j in Figure 3 can be called communication devices with terminal functions.

[0165] Communication between base stations and terminals, between base stations, and between terminals can be conducted using licensed spectrum, unlicensed spectrum, or a combination of both. Communication can be conducted using spectrum below 6 gigahertz (GHz), spectrum above 6 GHz, or both simultaneously. The embodiments of this application do not limit the spectrum resources used for wireless communication.

[0166] Radio frequency (RF) sensing has two implementation forms: mono-static sensing and bi-static sensing. Mono-static sensing can be understood as the same device transmitting (Tx) and receiving (Rx) the reference signal. In the sensing process, this node both transmits the reference signal and receives the signal reflected from the target surface; therefore, mono-static sensing is also called self-transmitting and self-receiving sensing. For bi-static sensing, the reference signal transmitter and receiver are two different devices. In the sensing process, after sensing node A transmits the reference signal, the signal reflected from the target surface is received by sensing node B; therefore, bi-static sensing is also called A-transmitting and B-receiving sensing. It can be understood that the bi-static sensing in this application includes multi-static sensing, which uses multiple transmitters and / or multiple receivers.

[0167] Referring to Figure 4, which is a schematic diagram of a wireless radio frequency sensing scenario provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 4(1), it describes a sensing scenario where the base station transmits and receives signals independently, i.e., the base station acts as both the transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx) of the sensing reference signal. For example, the sensing reference signal 1 transmitted by the base station reaches the target object (e.g., a vehicle) and, after being reflected by the target object, the base station can receive the sensing reference signal 2. The base station can then perform sensing processing on the sensing reference signal 2 (e.g., measuring / analyzing various attributes of the received signal, such as the arrival time and angle of signals along each path) to obtain the sensing result (e.g., the size, shape, speed, or motion state of the target object). It can be understood that the sensing reference signal 2 here is obtained by the reflection of the sensing reference signal 1 by the target object, and it can be called the echo signal of the sensing reference signal 1.

[0168] As shown in Figure 4(2), it describes a sensing scenario where base station A transmits and base station B receives, i.e., one base station acts as the transmitter of the sensing reference signal and the other base station acts as the receiver of the sensing reference signal. For example, base station A transmits sensing reference signal 1. Due to the multipath propagation characteristics of the channel, sensing reference signal 1 may reach base station B via a line-of-sight (LOS) path or via a non-LOS path, such as reaching base station B after being reflected by a target object. Base station B receives sensing reference signal 2 obtained after sensing reference signal 1 is reflected by a target object, and can then perform sensing processing on sensing reference signal 2 to obtain the sensing result. It can be understood that sensing reference signal 2 here is obtained by sensing reference signal 1 being reflected by a target object, and it can be called the echo signal of sensing reference signal 1.

[0169] As shown in Figure 4(3), it describes a sensing scenario where the base station transmits and the terminal receives the sensing reference signal. The base station acts as the transmitter of the sensing reference signal, and the terminal acts as the receiver. For example, the base station transmits sensing reference signal 1. This sensing reference signal 1 may reach the terminal via a LOS path or via a non-LOS path, such as after reflection from a target object. The terminal receives sensing reference signal 2, obtained after reflection from the target object, and then performs sensing processing on sensing reference signal 2 to obtain the sensing result. It can be understood that sensing reference signal 2 is obtained by reflecting sensing reference signal 1 from the target object; it can be called the echo signal of sensing reference signal 1.

[0170] As shown in Figure 4(4), it describes a sensing scenario where the terminal transmits and the base station receives the sensing reference signal. The terminal acts as the transmitter of the sensing reference signal, and the base station acts as the receiver. For example, the terminal transmits sensing reference signal 1. This sensing reference signal 1 may arrive at the base station via a LOS path or via a non-LOS path, such as after reflection from a target object. The base station receives sensing reference signal 2, obtained after reflection from the target object, and then processes this sensing reference signal 2 to obtain the sensing result. It can be understood that sensing reference signal 2 is obtained by reflecting sensing reference signal 1 from the target object; it can be called the echo signal of sensing reference signal 1.

[0171] As shown in Figure 4(5), it describes a self-transmitting and self-receiving sensing scenario, where the terminal acts as both the transmitter and receiver of the sensing reference signal. For example, the sensing reference signal 1 sent by the terminal reaches the target object and, after being reflected by the target object, the terminal can receive the sensing reference signal 2, and then process the sensing reference signal 2 to obtain the sensing result. It can be understood that the sensing reference signal 2 here is obtained by the reflection of the sensing reference signal 1 by the target object, and it can be called the echo signal of the sensing reference signal 1.

[0172] As shown in Figure 4(6), it describes a sensing scenario where terminal A transmits and terminal B receives, i.e., one terminal acts as the transmitter of the sensing reference signal and the other terminal acts as the receiver of the sensing reference signal. For example, terminal A transmits sensing reference signal 1. This sensing reference signal 1 may reach terminal B via a LOS path or via a non-LOS path, such as after being reflected by a target object. Terminal B receives sensing reference signal 2, which is obtained after sensing reference signal 1 is reflected by the target object. Then, sensing reference signal 2 can be processed to obtain the sensing result. It can be understood that sensing reference signal 2 here is obtained by sensing reference signal 1 being reflected by the target object, and it can be called the echo signal of sensing reference signal 1.

[0173] The term "target" or "target object" mentioned in this application can refer to various tangible objects in the environment capable of reflecting electromagnetic waves, such as mountains, forests, or buildings, and can also include movable objects such as vehicles, drones, pedestrians, and terminal devices. Figure 4 above uses a vehicle as an example of a target object; however, in specific applications, the target object can be other objects, and this application's embodiments are not limited to this. Based on whether the target is moving, it can be divided into moving targets (e.g., vehicles, drones) and stationary targets (e.g., roads, tall buildings). Based on different scattering point modeling methods, targets can be divided into point targets (e.g., small drones) and extended multi-point targets (also called area targets, such as large buildings).

[0174] In this application, "target" or "target object" may also be referred to as a sensed target, a detected target, a sensed object, a sensed device, or a sensed device, etc., and this application does not impose any restrictions.

[0175] One possible implementation is to use the Reference Signal (RS) defined by NR for radio frequency (RF) sensing. However, NR uses different RSs for different purposes, which helps optimize the RS for a specific purpose, but also makes using the reference signal in NR for sensing a suboptimal solution that may not meet the sensing requirements. Therefore, some have proposed designing an RS specifically for (RF) sensing. This RS can use π / 2-BPSK single-carrier modulation (i.e., single-carrier modulation of the π / 2-BPSK sequence), which has a low PAPR (Packet Resonance Rate). Based on this characteristic, it is expected to be used in long-range RF sensing or low-power sensing scenarios. In NR, when data is modulated using π / 2-BPSK single-carrier modulation, the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) or phase tracking reference signal (PTRS) also uses π / 2-BPSK single-carrier modulation, where the π / 2-BPSK sequence is obtained by modulating the gold sequence using π / 2-BPSK. In addition, network devices will issue some instructions, and terminal devices can determine the initial value of the gold sequence based on these instructions, and thus determine the gold sequence to use.

[0176] For a sensing RS employing π / 2-BPSK single-carrier modulation, the π / 2-BPSK sequence it carries can be obtained by modulating a pseudo-random sequence (including a gold sequence) with π / 2-BPSK. However, how to align the pseudo-random sequence used by the sensing transmitter and receiver is still being explored by those skilled in the art.

[0177] Therefore, the sensing reference signal in this application embodiment carries a π / 2-BPSK sequence, which is generated based on a pseudo-random sequence. The sensing node (sensing transmitter and / or sensing receiver) is notified of some information of the pseudo-random sequence (such as initial value, generator polynomial, or offset value) through signaling. Based on this information, the sensing node can determine the pseudo-random sequence, thereby determining the π / 2-BPSK sequence used by the sensing reference signal, which can support radio frequency sensing and reduce signaling overhead.

[0178] The sensing reference signal in the embodiments of this application can be understood as a reference signal used for sensing. The sensing reference signal can also be replaced by a sensing signal, radar signal, or radar sensing signal. This application does not impose any limitations. For example, the sensing reference signal can be used solely for implementing sensing functions. More exemplaryly, the sensing reference signal can be used to implement both sensing and other functions, such as channel estimation / measurement in communication. The embodiments of this application are not limited. One possible implementation is that the initial amplitude and phase information of the sensing reference signal can be pre-configured to the receiving end through a configuration sequence or other means.

[0179] In one possible implementation, this application describes the execution entities as "first device," "second device," and "third device." The "first device" can be understood as a transmitter (Tx) that senses a reference signal. The "first device" can also be understood as a terminal, a device with terminal functions, or a device that implements terminal functions. For example, the first device is a terminal, or the first device can be a module (e.g., a chip or circuit) within a terminal. Alternatively, the "first device" can also be understood as a base station, a device with base station functions, or a device that implements base station functions. For example, the first device is a base station, or the first device can be a module (e.g., a chip or circuit) within a base station, or it can be a module or unit (e.g., CU, DU, or RU) that fully or partially implements base station functions, a logic module, or software. Furthermore, the "first device" can also be understood as a device or apparatus with sensing capabilities, or a device or apparatus capable of performing artificial intelligence tasks. A device with sensing capabilities can also be called a sensing device, and a device capable of performing artificial intelligence tasks can also be called an artificial intelligence task execution device.

[0180] The term "second device" can be understood as a receiver (Rx) of a sensing reference signal. In this application, the "receiver of the sensing reference signal" can receive the echo signal of the sensing reference signal. The term "second device" can also be understood as a terminal, or a device with terminal functions, or a device that implements terminal functions. For example, the second device is a terminal, or the second device can be a module (e.g., a chip or circuit) within a terminal. Alternatively, the term "second device" can also be understood as a base station, or a device with base station functions, or a device that implements base station functions. For example, the second device is a base station, or the second device can be a module (e.g., a chip or circuit) within a base station, or it can be a module or unit (e.g., CU, DU, or RU) that fully or partially implements base station functions, a logic module, or software. Furthermore, the term "second device" can also be understood as a device or apparatus with sensing capabilities, or a device or apparatus capable of performing artificial intelligence tasks. A device with sensing capabilities can also be called a sensing device, and a device capable of performing artificial intelligence tasks can also be called an artificial intelligence task execution device.

[0181] It is understood that the "first device" in this application can also serve as the receiver (Rx) of the sensing reference signal, and correspondingly, the "second device" can also serve as the transmitter (TX) of the sensing reference signal. For ease of description, this application will use the example of the "first device" serving as the transmitter (Tx) of the sensing reference signal and the "second device" serving as the receiver (Rx) of the sensing reference signal.

[0182] The "third device" can be understood as a network entity used to manage the "first device" and the "second device." It can be a network function in the core network, a device in the access network, or a terminal / device with terminal functionality / device implementing terminal functionality. For example, the third device is a terminal, or it can be a module (e.g., a chip or circuit) within a terminal. Another example is a base station, or it can be a module (e.g., a chip or circuit) within a base station, or it can be a module or unit (e.g., CU, DU, or RU) that fully or partially implements base station functionality, a logic module, or software. Yet another example is a device or apparatus with sensing capabilities, or a device or apparatus capable of performing artificial intelligence tasks. Devices with sensing capabilities can be called sensing devices, and devices capable of performing artificial intelligence tasks can be called artificial intelligence task execution devices. Yet another example is a newly added network function in the core network: a sensing management function.

[0183] For example, the "third device" may be used to perform one or more of the following functions: configuring the resources used for sensing by the "first device" and the "second device", scheduling the "first device" and the "second device" to perform sensing, or aligning the pseudo-random sequence used for sensing reference signals, etc.

[0184] In some scenarios, the "first device" and the "second device" may belong to the same entity / device, that is, one entity / device serves as both the transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx) of the sensing reference signal. In other words, the sensing method provided in this application embodiment can be applied to one or more of the following scenarios: the base station self-transmission and self-reception sensing scenario shown in Figure 4(1), or the terminal self-transmission and self-reception sensing scenario shown in Figure 4(5). Of course, the "first device" and the "second device" may belong to different entities / devices, that is, one entity / device serves as the transmitter (Tx) of the sensing reference signal, and the other entity / device serves as the receiver (Rx) of the sensing reference signal. In other words, the sensing method provided in this application embodiment can be applied to one or more of the following scenarios: the base station A transmits and base station B receives as shown in Figure 4(2), the base station transmits and terminal receives as shown in Figure 4(3), the terminal transmits and base station receives as shown in Figure 4(4), or the terminal A transmits and terminal B receives as shown in Figure 4(6).

[0185] In some scenarios, the "first device" and the "third device" can belong to the same entity / equipment, or the "second device" and the "third device" can belong to the same entity / equipment, or the "first device," the "second device," and the "third device" can belong to the same entity / equipment. Of course, the "first device" and the "third device" can belong to different entities / equipment. Alternatively, the "second device" and the "third device" can belong to different entities / equipment. Or, the "first device," the "second device," and the "third device" can belong to different entities / equipment.

[0186] The methods of the embodiments of this application are described below from the perspective of "first device", "second device" and "third device". However, it should be understood that "first device", "second device" and "third device" in the following text do not necessarily represent different devices / entities. They can be devices divided according to logical functions. See the description above for details.

[0187] The perception method of this application embodiment will be described by way of example below. Referring to Figure 5, Figure 5 is a schematic flowchart of a perception method provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 5, the perception method includes, but is not limited to:

[0188] S101, the first device acquires a first message, which is used to determine P pseudo-random sequences. The first message includes one or more of the following: first information, second information, or third information; the first information is used to indicate the initial value of each of the P pseudo-random sequences, the second information is used to indicate the generator polynomial of each of the P pseudo-random sequences, and the third information is used to indicate the offset value of each of the P pseudo-random sequences. These P pseudo-random sequences are all different.

[0189] For example, the "acquisition" here may be generated / determined by the first device itself, or it may be obtained from other devices / equipment (e.g., through an antenna port, or an input / output (I / O) interface of a chip / circuit). This application embodiment is not limited to this.

[0190] S102, the first device sends a sensing reference signal, which carries N symb N π / 2-BPSK sequences symb The π / 2-BPSK sequences are obtained based on the above P pseudo-random sequences. P is less than or equal to N. symb P and N symb It is an integer greater than 1.

[0191] In one possible implementation, the first message can be used to determine P pseudo-random sequences, where P is an integer greater than 1. These P pseudo-random sequences can be distinct. For example, the pseudo-random sequence in this embodiment can be a gold sequence or an m-sequence. The gold sequence can be obtained by the modulo 2 sum of two m-sequences, as shown in formulas (1-5) or (1-6) above. The generation methods of the m-sequences and gold sequences in this embodiment can be found in the preceding description of "pseudo-random sequences," and will not be repeated here.

[0192] In one possible implementation, the first device can determine the first message itself, i.e., determine P pseudo-random sequences. The first device can also send the first message to the second and / or third device to indicate / determine these P pseudo-random sequences. Alternatively, the first device can obtain the first message from other devices (such as the second or third device) and then determine the P pseudo-random sequences based on that first message. For example, the second device determines the P pseudo-random sequences and then sends the first message to the first device. Or, the second device sends the first message to the third device, and the third device, after receiving the first message, sends it back to the first device. Another example: the third device determines the P pseudo-random sequences and then sends the first message to the first device. Or, the third device sends the first message to the second device, and the second device, after receiving the first message, sends it back to the first device. Here, "receiving" can be understood as obtaining the message through an antenna port or the I / O interface of a chip / circuit.

[0193] It is understandable that when the first device and the second device belong to the same entity / device, the transmission of the first message between the first device and the second device can be understood as an interaction within a single device; or, in other words, the first device does not need to send a first message to the second device, nor does the second device need to send a first message to the first device. Similarly, when the first device and the third device belong to the same entity / device, the transmission of the first message between the first device and the third device can be understood as an interaction within a single device; or, in other words, the first device does not need to send a first message to the third device, nor does the third device need to send a first message to the first device. Likewise, when the second device and the third device belong to the same entity / device, the transmission of the first message between the second device and the third device can be understood as an interaction within a single device; or, in other words, the second device does not need to send a first message to the third device, nor does the third device need to send a first message to the second device. Finally, when the first device, the second device, and the third device belong to the same entity / device, the transmission of the first instruction information between the first device, the second device, and the third device can be understood as an interaction within a single device; or, in other words, the first device, the second device, and the third device do not need to send or receive first messages from each other.

[0194] In one possible implementation, after the first device determines P pseudo-random sequences, it can generate N based on these P pseudo-random sequences. symb There are π / 2-BPSK sequences. P is less than or equal to N. symb When P equals N symb When P is less than N, a pseudo-random sequence corresponds to a π / 2-BPSK sequence; symb In this case, among the P pseudo-random sequences, there exists a situation where one pseudo-random sequence corresponds to multiple π / 2-BPSK sequences. In other words, when P is less than N... symbIn this case, some of the P pseudo-random sequences can be reused. In other words, when P is less than N... symb When N is generated from P pseudo-random sequences symb Some π / 2-BPSK sequences are identical.

[0195] For example, a π / 2-BPSK sequence can be obtained by modulating a pseudo-random sequence (e.g., a gold sequence or an m sequence) with π / 2-BPSK. For instance, a π / 2-BPSK sequence can be obtained by modulating a gold sequence or an m sequence with π / 2-BPSK as shown in formula (1-2) above.

[0196] As another example, this application embodiment also provides a method for generating a π / 2-BPSK sequence. This π / 2-BPSK sequence can be generated from two m-sequences, which can be denoted as the first m-sequence and the second m-sequence. First, the first m-sequence and the second m-sequence are respectively subjected to BPSK modulation to obtain two BPSK sequences (referred to as the first BPSK sequence and the second BPSK sequence). Then, the first BPSK sequence and the second BPSK sequence are multiplied together to obtain a third sequence. Half of the elements in the third sequence (e.g., elements with odd indices (assuming the first element corresponds to index 0) are subjected to a π / 2 phase rotation, while the other half of the elements (e.g., elements with even indices) remain unchanged, resulting in the π / 2-BPSK sequence.

[0197] For example, if the first m-sequence and the second m-sequence are x1(n) and x2(n) respectively, the first BPSK sequence is 1-2x1(n+N). c,1 The second BPSK sequence is 1-2x2(n+N). c,2 The third sequence is: (1-2x1(n+N)) c,1 ))(1-2x2(n+N c,2 (2-1)

[0198] Rotate the elements with odd indices (assuming the first element corresponds to index 0) in the third sequence by π / 2, while leaving the elements with even indices unchanged. The resulting π / 2-BPSK sequence is:

[0199] For example, the first BPSK sequence is The second BPSK sequence is The third sequence is:

[0200] Rotate the elements with odd indices (assuming the first element corresponds to index 0) in the third sequence by π / 2, while leaving the elements with even indices unchanged. The resulting π / 2-BPSK sequence is:

[0201] The superscript * indicates the complex conjugation operation. N c,1 and N c,2 This represents the offset, and its value is an integer.

[0202] Therefore, a pseudo-random sequence in the embodiments of this application can be a gold sequence, an m-sequence, or an m-sequence pair (i.e., the first m-sequence and the second m-sequence mentioned above).

[0203] Then, the first device can target these N symb By performing DFT, subcarrier mapping, IDFT, and optional CP addition on π / 2-BPSK sequences, N can be obtained. symb N π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbols. The first device transmits a sensing reference signal, which includes these N... symb Each π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol carries a π / 2-BPSK sequence. Therefore, the sensing reference signal carries N symb A π / 2-BPSK sequence. Additionally, the first device transmits the sensing reference signal in a phase-continuous manner, or the first device maintains phase continuity during the transmission of the sensing reference signal.

[0204] For example, referring to Figure 6a, Figure 6a is a schematic diagram of the generation of a single π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 6a, a π / 2-BPSK sequence x(m) of length M can be processed sequentially through (time domain) preprocessing (optional), DFT, sequence adjustment (optional), frequency-domain spectral shaping (FDSS) and subcarrier mapping, IDFT and CP addition (optional) to obtain a π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol.

[0205] As an example, the preprocessing satisfies the following formula (2-5):

[0206] As another example, the preprocessing satisfies the following formula (2-6):

[0207] Sequence adjustment includes sequence spreading or sequence truncation, where the number of subcarriers N within the transmission bandwidth... sc When the number of subcarriers is greater than M, the sequence adjustment becomes sequence extension; when the number of subcarriers within the transmission bandwidth is N...sc When N is less than M, the sequence is adjusted to sequence truncation. When the number of subcarriers N within the transmission bandwidth sc equals M, the sequence adjustment can be understood as non-existent, or the sequence is adjusted to the sequence itself.

[0208] Exemplarily, the sequence adjustment can be determined based on a sequence adjustment factor α. The sequence adjustment factor α is related to the length M of the π / 2 - BPSK sequence and the number N of subcarriers carrying the sensing reference signal sc For example: The sequence adjustment factor α satisfies the following formula (2 - 7):

[0209] Of course, the sequence adjustment factor α can also have other definitions, which are not limited in the embodiments of this application. For example,

[0210] For example, for the preprocessing shown in the above formula (2 - 6), an example of sequence extension (such as the sequence adjustment factor α being greater than 0) or sequence truncation (such as the sequence adjustment factor α being less than 0) is:

[0211] When the sequence adjustment factor α equals 0, that is, N sc equals M, satisfies the following formula (2 - 9):

[0212] FDSS can be understood as the (frequency - domain) windowing process of the frequency - domain signal to be transmitted Mathematically, it can be described as:

[0213] where ω(k) is the k - th coefficient of the FDSS window function. S(k) is mapped to N sc subcarriers within the transmission bandwidth.

[0214] It can be understood that the sequence adjustment and / or FDSS in the frequency domain can also be equivalently implemented in the time domain.

[0215] For example, considering the sequence adjustment factor α equals 1, that is, N sc equals 2M. At this time, the sequence adjustment in the frequency domain (such as the above formula (explicitly stating formula (2 - 8) here)) can be equivalently implemented as upsampling with an upsampling factor of 2 before DFT. Refer to Figure 6b. Figure 6b is another schematic diagram of the generation of a single π / 2 - BPSK single - carrier symbol provided by the embodiments of this application. As shown in Figure 6b, the π / 2 - BPSK sequence x(m) with a length of M goes through (time - domain) preprocessing, upsampling with an upsampling factor of 2, DFT, FDSS and subcarrier mapping, IDFT and CP addition processing in sequence, and a π / 2 - BPSK single - carrier symbol can be obtained.

[0216] For example, consider a sequence adjustment factor α equal to 0, i.e., N sc If M equals the frequency domain signal in Figure 6a above, then... The FDSS can be equivalent to the time-domain spectral shaping (TDSS) of a π / 2-BPSK sequence x(m). This can be understood as the frequency domain signal... The (frequency domain) windowing process can be equivalent to the circular convolution of the π / 2-BPSK sequence x(m) with a (time domain) window function. Referring to Figure 7, which is another schematic diagram illustrating the generation of a single π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol provided in this embodiment, a π / 2-BPSK sequence x(m) of length M is sequentially processed through (time domain) preprocessing, TDSS, DFT, subcarrier mapping, IDFT, and CP addition to obtain a π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol. It is assumed that the TDSS contains L... T +1 tap, where L T If ≥1, then the coefficients of the FDSS window function can be obtained by performing a DFT on the TDSS tap sequence.

[0217] In one possible implementation, the above N symb The sequence adjustment factor α corresponding to each π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol is the same, and / or these N symb The window function used for spectrum shaping is the same for each π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol. It can be understood that if the π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol is obtained through spectrum shaping (without sequence adjustment), then the above N... symb The window function used for spectrum shaping is the same for each π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol. If the π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol is obtained through sequence adjustment and spectrum shaping, then the above N symb The sequence adjustment factor α corresponding to each π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol is the same, and the N symb The window function used for spectrum shaping is the same for each π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol. This allows for coherent combining at the sensing receiver (such as the second device), resulting in a frequency domain signal with improved frequency flatness and enhanced sensing performance.

[0218] In one possible implementation, the first message may include one or more of the following: first information, second information, or third information. The first information may be used to indicate the initial value of each of the P pseudo-random sequences. For example, the first information may include P initial values ​​from the P pseudo-random sequences, or X initial values ​​from the P pseudo-random sequences (the P pseudo-random sequences may be mapped to the X initial values). Alternatively, the first information may include parameters for determining the initial values ​​of the P pseudo-random sequences, as described below. The second information may be used to indicate the generator polynomial of each of the P pseudo-random sequences. For example, the second information may include P generator polynomials from the P pseudo-random sequences, or Y generator polynomials from the P pseudo-random sequences (the P pseudo-random sequences may be mapped to the Y generator polynomials). Alternatively, the second information may include parameters for determining the generator polynomials of the P pseudo-random sequences, as described below. The third information can be used to indicate the offset value of each of the P pseudo-random sequences. For example, this third information may include Z offset values ​​from the P pseudo-random sequences, or it may include Z offset values ​​from the P pseudo-random sequences (the P pseudo-random sequences can be mapped to Z offset values). Alternatively, the third information may include parameters used to determine the offset values ​​of the P pseudo-random sequences, as described below. X, Y, and Z are all positive integers less than or equal to P. It can be understood that when P equals N... symb At this time, a pseudo-random sequence corresponds to a π / 2-BPSK sequence. When P is less than N symb When P is less than N, some of the pseudo-random sequences are reused. symb In this case, the first message may further include fourth information, which can be used to indicate the number of repetitions of one or more pseudo-random sequences among the P pseudo-random sequences. Alternatively, the first device acquires the fourth information when P is less than N. symb In this case, the fourth information can be used to indicate the number of repetitions of one or more pseudo-random sequences among the aforementioned P pseudo-random sequences. This fourth information can be carried in the second message. The method by which the first device obtains the fourth information can refer to the aforementioned method by which the first device obtains the first message, and will not be repeated here.

[0219] For example, the first message mentioned above may include one or more of the initial value, generator polynomial, and offset value of the pseudo-random sequence. For example, one or two of the initial value, generator polynomial, or offset value of the pseudo-random sequence may be predefined by a standard. It can be understood that when one or two of the initial value, generator polynomial, and offset value of the pseudo-random sequence are predefined by a standard, the first message mentioned above may only indicate content not predefined by the standard, and not content predefined by the standard. It can also be understood that one m-sequence corresponds to one initial value, one generator polynomial, and one offset value. Since a gold sequence can be generated from two m-sequences (referred to as the first m-sequence and the second m-sequence), a gold sequence (as in formula (1-5) above) may correspond to two initial values, two generator polynomials, and two offset values.

[0220] For example, in a standard predefined pseudo-random sequence, the generator polynomial and offset value (N) c,1 and / or N c,2 In the case of a gold sequence, one gold sequence can correspond to two initial values: the initial value of the first m-sequence and the initial value of the second m-sequence. One possible implementation is that the initial value of one m-sequence is fixed (e.g., pre-set or predefined), while the initial value of the other m-sequence is configurable, as indicated by the first information mentioned above. If the initial value of the first m-sequence is configurable, then the initial values ​​of the P gold sequences refer to the P initial values ​​of the first m-sequence; if the initial value of the second m-sequence is configurable, then the initial values ​​of the P gold sequences refer to the P initial values ​​of the second m-sequence. Another possible implementation is that the initial values ​​of both m-sequences are configurable. In this case, the initial values ​​of the P gold sequences can be understood as P different initial value pairs, each pair containing one initial value of the first m-sequence and one initial value of the second m-sequence. The P initial value pairs consist of a0 initial values ​​of the first m-sequence and b0 initial values ​​of the second m-sequence, where P = a0 × b0.

[0221] For another example, in a standard predefined pseudo-random sequence, the initial value and offset value (N) c,1 and / or N c,2In the case of a gold sequence, one gold sequence can correspond to two generator polynomials: the generator polynomial of the first m sequence and the generator polynomial of the second m sequence. One possible implementation is that the generator polynomial of one m sequence is fixed (e.g., pre-set or predefined), while the generator polynomial of the other m sequence is configurable, as indicated by the second information mentioned above. If the generator polynomial of the first m sequence is configurable, then the generator polynomials of the P gold sequences refer to the P generator polynomials of the first m sequence; if the generator polynomial of the second m sequence is configurable, then the generator polynomials of the P gold sequences refer to the P generator polynomials of the second m sequence. Another possible implementation is that the generator polynomials of both m sequences are configurable. In this case, the generator polynomials of the P gold sequences can be understood as P distinct pairs of generator polynomials, each pair containing one generator polynomial of the first m sequence and one generator polynomial of the second m sequence. The P pairs of generator polynomials consist of a1 generator polynomials of the first m sequence and b1 generator polynomials of the second m sequence, where P = a1 × b1.

[0222] For another example, given the initial values ​​and generator polynomial of a standard predefined pseudo-random sequence, a gold sequence can correspond to two offset values: the offset value of the first m-sequence and the offset value of the second m-sequence. One possible implementation is that the offset value of one m-sequence is fixed (e.g., pre-set or predefined), while the offset value of the other m-sequence is configurable, as indicated by the third information mentioned above. If the offset value of the first m-sequence is configurable, then the offset values ​​of the P gold sequences refer to the P offset values ​​of the first m-sequence; if the offset value of the second m-sequence is configurable, then the offset values ​​of the P gold sequences refer to the P offset values ​​of the second m-sequence. Another possible implementation is that the offset values ​​of both m-sequences are configurable. In this case, the offset values ​​of the P gold sequences can be understood as P different offset value pairs, each pair containing one offset value of the first m-sequence and one offset value of the second m-sequence. The P offset value pairs consist of a² offset values ​​of the first m-sequence and b² offset values ​​of the second m-sequence, where P = a² × b².

[0223] It is understood that the above a0, b0, a1, b1, a2, b2 may be partially the same, or they may all be different, or they may all be the same. This application does not limit this.

[0224] It can also be understood that the examples above all predefine two of the initial value, generator polynomial, and offset value of the pseudo-random sequence, with the first message indicating the remaining term. In practical applications, any one of the initial value, generator polynomial, and offset value of the pseudo-random sequence can be predefine, with the first message indicating the remaining two terms. These are not all listed here.

[0225] In one possible implementation, the initial value of the aforementioned pseudo-random sequence can be related to the index of the time slot containing the sensing reference signal within the frame. (where μ represents the parameter set numberology), and is related to the index l (where l's value starts from 0) of the π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol within the time slot of the sensing reference signal. For example, when a pseudo-random sequence (such as the gold sequence or the aforementioned m-sequence pair) involves two m-sequences, the initial value of one m-sequence can be fixed, and only the initial value of the other m-sequence can be configured. It can be understood that a radio frame can include multiple time slots, and a time slot can include multiple symbols. Because N symb The index l of each π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol within the time slot of the sensing reference signal (l takes values ​​of 0, 1, 2, ..., (N) symb -1)) are not the same, so based on the index of the time slot where the sensing reference signal is located within the frame and N symb The index of each π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol within the time slot of the sensing reference signal can be used to obtain N. symb Each has a different initial value.

[0226] For example, the first information mentioned above may include the index of the time slot where the sensed reference signal is located within the frame. and / or N symb The index l of a π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol within the time slot of the sensing reference signal. For example, the first information could be time-frequency resource information used to indicate the sensing reference signal.

[0227] In one possible implementation, the initial value of the pseudo-random sequence may also be related to one or more of the following parameters: the system frame number (SFN) of the sensing reference signal (SeRS), the CP type of the sensing reference signal, the identifier of the sensing transmitter (such as the first device in this embodiment), the identifier of the sensing receiver (such as the second device in this embodiment), or the identifier of the sensing area where the target object is located. For example, the first information may include one or more of the following parameters: the SFN of the SeRS, the CP type of the SeRS, the identifier of the sensing transmitter (such as the first device in this embodiment), the identifier of the sensing receiver (such as the second device in this embodiment), or the identifier of the sensing area where the target object is located. The SFN and CP type of the SeRS can be indicated by the time-frequency resources of the SeRS. In some scenarios, when some parameters related to the initial value of the pseudo-random sequence are indicated by the time-frequency resources of the SeRS, the first information may only include other parameters related to the initial value of the pseudo-random sequence, and these other parameters are not indicated by the time-frequency resources of the SeRS.

[0228] It is understandable that when the initial value of the pseudo-random sequence is equal to the SFN (denoted as n) of the sensing reference signal... f When related, it is possible to achieve different sensing reference signals belonging to different frames. The CP type can include extended CP (ECP) and normal CP (NCP). In sensing based on the 2D FFT algorithm, the maximum unambiguous distance is related to the CP length. Depending on the sensing requirements, such as the detection distance, the CP length of the sensing reference signal can be configured. For example, a longer CP can be configured for long-range sensing scenarios than for short-to-medium moment sensing scenarios. For instance, long-range sensing scenarios use ECP, while short-to-medium moment sensing scenarios use normal CP.

[0229] The sensing transmitter can be a network device (such as a base station or TRP) or a UE, and the identifier of the sensing transmitter can be denoted as... It should be understood that the identifier of the sensing transmitter can also be an identifier of the panel, sector, or beam involved / corresponding to the sensing reference signal transmission process. For example, when the sensing transmitter is a network device (e.g., a base station or TRP), This indicates the cell identifier, and the corresponding scenario could be that SeRS is transmitted through a base station in a specific cell. Alternatively, when the sensing transmitter is a UE, n RNTI This represents the UE's radio network temporary identity (RNTI), corresponding to a scenario where a specific UE within a cell transmits SeRS. The sensing receiver can also be a network device (e.g., a base station or TRP) or a UE. The identifier of the sensing receiver can be denoted as... It should be understood that the identifier of the sensing receiver can also be the identifier of the panel, sector, or beam involved / corresponding to the reception of the echo signal of the sensing reference signal. For example, when the sensing receiver is a network device (e.g., a base station or TRP), This indicates the cell identifier, and the corresponding scenario is receiving SeRS via a base station in a specific cell. Alternatively, when the sensing receiver is a UE, n RNTI This indicates the RNTI of the UE, and the corresponding scenario is that a UE in a certain cell receives SeRS.

[0230] The sensing area of ​​the target object can be a grid of the three-dimensional spatial region (two-dimensional horizontal plane and height / altitude) where the target object is located, with each grid corresponding to an index or identifier, denoted as . Alternatively, the three-dimensional spatial region can be divided into multiple sectors, each sector corresponding to a unique identifier, denoted as... In this system, one sensing transmitter corresponds to one grid area or one sector. Under the scheduling of the network entity (i.e., the third device), multiple sensing transmitters can work together to cover a sensing area, and one sensing area may correspond to multiple grid areas or multiple sectors.

[0231] This application embodiment associates the initial value with the identifier of the sensing transmitter, the identifier of the sensing receiver, and the identifier of the sensing area where the target object is located, so that the network entity (i.e., the third device) can establish a mapping between the sensing result reported by a certain sensing receiver and the triple array {sensing transmitter, sensing area (grid or sector), sensing receiver}.

[0232] With the period of the gold sequence or m sequence as For example, where k0 is a positive integer. k0 can be determined based on the length M of the π / 2-BPSK sequence. seq Determined. For example, k0 could be such that... Greater than or equal to M seq The smallest integer. For example, M seq If the value is 480, then k0 can be 9.

[0233] For example, the initial value of a pseudo-random sequence (denoted as c) init )and l, and Related. At this time, c init It can satisfy:

[0234] Where β∈{0,1}, This indicates the number of symbols contained in a time slot. X0 bits are needed for representation. For example, If the range is {0, 1, ..., 1023}, then 10 bits are needed to represent it. for example, If the range is {0, 1, ..., 4095}, then 12 bits are needed to represent it. for example, If the range is {0, 1, ..., 65535}, then 16 bits are needed to represent it. For example, If the range is {0, 1, ..., 1007}, then 10 bits are needed to represent it. It is pointed out here that The range of values ​​for X0 may not be unique. The maximum range is determined. For example, ranges from {0, 1, …, 1007} in some cases and from {0, 1, …, 65535} in some other cases; at this time, X0 is 16.

[0235] α is related to β, X0, and k0, for example, β + X0 ≤ α < k0. As an example, β + X0 = α. For example, k0 = 31, β =​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​= 0; or vice versa, for example, when using extended CP, N CP = 0, otherwise (i.e., when using normal CP) N CP = 1. α is related to X0 and k0, for example, 1 + X0 ≤ α < k0. As an example, 1 + X0 = α. For instance, k0 = 31, and X0 = 16, then α = 17. For another instance, k0 = 31, β = 0, and X0 = 10, then α = 11.

[0242] For another example, the initial value c of the pseudo-random sequence init is related to l,[[]] and the CP type. At this time, c init can satisfy:

[0243] where, α is related to X0 and k0, for example, 1 + X0 ≤ α < k0. As an example, 1 + X0 = α. And α + X0 + 2 ≤ ρ < k0. As an example, α + X0 + 2 = ρ.

[0244] For another example, the initial value c of the pseudo-random sequence init is related to l,[[]] the CP type, and is related. At this time, c init can satisfy:

[0245] where, α is related to X0 and k0, for example, 1 + X0 ≤ α < k0. As an example, 1 + X0 = α. And α + X0 + 2 ≤ ρ < k0. As an example, α + X0 + 2 = ρ. And as an example, X1 bits are required to represent then [[ID={42]]it can be understood that if considering pseudo-c init is related to [[ID=[

[46] ]l,[[]] and is related, then the in the above formula (2-16) can be replaced with

[0246] When considering that c init is also related to the system frame number n f is related, the in the above formulas (2-11) to (2-16) can be replaced with

[0247] where, represents the number of time slots included in a frame.

[0248] It is understood that by modifying formulas (2-11) to (2-16) above, new formulas can be obtained, and these new formulas are also within the scope of protection of this application. For example, the formulas (2-11) and (2-14) above... Replace with That is, formula (2-11) at this time corresponds to: c init and l, and Related; and formula (2-14) at this time corresponds to: c init and l、 And related to CP type. Also, replace X0 with X1. For example, in formulas (2-12), (2-13), (2-15), and (2-16), the... Replace with and Replace with Accordingly, X0 is replaced with X1, and X1 is replaced with X0.

[0249] In this application embodiment, parameters related to the initial value of the pseudo-random sequence are indicated by the first information, so that the sensing transmitter (i.e., the first device) and / or the sensing receiver (i.e., the second device) can determine the pseudo-random sequence based on the first information, thereby knowing the π / 2-BPSK sequence used, which can effectively save signaling overhead.

[0250] In one possible implementation, the generator polynomial of the aforementioned pseudo-random sequence can be associated with a first function and a predefined set of generator polynomials. The first function can be a function with a positive integer value. The first function can be associated with the index of the time slot containing the sensing reference signal within the frame. The index l (where l takes values ​​starting from 0) of the π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol within the time slot of the sensing reference signal is associated with this index. For example, when a pseudo-random sequence (such as the gold sequence or the aforementioned m-sequence pair) involves two m-sequences, the generator polynomial of one of the m-sequences can be fixed, while only the generator polynomial of the other m-sequence can be configured.

[0251] For example, the second information mentioned above may include the index of the time slot where the sensed reference signal is located within the frame. and / or N symb The index l of a π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol within the time slot of the sensing reference signal. For example, the second information could be time-frequency resource information used to indicate the sensing reference signal.

[0252] In one possible implementation, the first function may also be associated with one or more of the following parameters: the SFN of the sensing reference signal, the CP type of the sensing reference signal, the identifier of the sensing transmitter (such as the first device in this embodiment), the identifier of the sensing receiver (such as the second device in this embodiment), or the identifier of the sensing area where the target object is located. For example, the second information may include one or more of the following parameters: the SFN of the SeRS, the CP type of the SeRS, the identifier of the sensing transmitter (such as the first device in this embodiment), the identifier of the sensing receiver (such as the second device in this embodiment), or the identifier of the sensing area where the target object is located.

[0253] In this embodiment of the application, the parameters related to the generator polynomial of the pseudo-random sequence are indicated by the second information, so that the sensing transmitter (i.e., the first device) and / or the sensing receiver (i.e., the second device) can determine the pseudo-random sequence based on the second information, thereby knowing the π / 2-BPSK sequence used, which can effectively save signaling overhead.

[0254] For example, the SFN and CP types of the SeRS can be indicated by the time-frequency resources of the SeRS. In some scenarios, when some parameters related to the generator polynomial of the pseudo-random sequence are indicated by the time-frequency resources of the SeRS, the aforementioned second information may only include other parameters related to the generator polynomial of the pseudo-random sequence, and these other parameters are not indicated by the time-frequency resources of the SeRS. For explanations regarding the SFN of the sensing reference signal, the CP type of the sensing reference signal, the identifier of the sensing transmitter, the identifier of the sensing receiver, and the identifier of the sensing area where the target object is located, please refer to the preceding description, which will not be repeated here.

[0255] For example, first determine the predefined set of generator polynomials. Table 1 shows the number of registers k0 that allows the sequence period to reach a certain value. Number of generator polynomials Then, from this Choose N from the generating polynomials. poly There are ___ generator polynomials, forming a predefined set of generator polynomials, where

[0256] Table 1

[0257] Suppose that the polynomials in the predefined set of generating polynomials are numbered, i.e., 0, 1, ..., N. poly -1.

[0258] Considering a gold sequence or a pair of m-sequences where the generator polynomial of one m-sequence is configurable and the generator polynomial of the other m-sequence is fixed, in one implementation, the number of the configurable generator polynomial in a predefined set of generator polynomials can be determined based on the following expression (2-18): f(·) mod N poly ……………………………………………………………………………(2-18)

[0259] Here, f(·) represents the first function, which is a function with a positive integer value. f(·) can be about... l、n f CP type or Functions such as...

[0260] Consider the gold sequence or the generator polynomials of the two m-sequences in the above m-sequence pair; both generator polynomials of the two m-sequences can form a polynomial pair. There are a total of [number missing] such polynomial pairs. One, of which Indicates from The number of combinations of choosing 2 elements from 10 elements. Expressing the request The factorial, and Expressing the request The factorial of , for example, the factorial of 3 is 6. It can also be written as or

[0261] Then, from this Select N from the pairs of generating polynomials. poly,pair A set of _n_ generator polynomial pairs is formed, which constitutes a predefined set of generator polynomial pairs. Suppose for these N poly,pair The polynomials are numbered as follows: 0, 1, ..., N poly,pair -1.

[0262] In one implementation, the number of a configurable generator polynomial pair in a predefined set of generator polynomial pairs can be determined based on the following expression (2-19): f(·) mod N poly,pair ………………………………………………………………………(2-19)

[0263] For example, the first function f(·) mentioned above can be about l, and The function f(·) can satisfy:

[0264] The meanings of the parameters on the right side of the equation in formula (2-20) can be found in the relevant description of formula (2-11) above, and will not be repeated here.

[0265] For another example, the first function f(·) mentioned above and l、 as well as Related. At this point, f(·) can satisfy:

[0266] The meanings of the parameters on the right side of equation (2-21) can be found in the relevant description of equation (2-12) above, and will not be repeated here.

[0267] For another example, the first function f(·) and l、 as well as Related. At this point, f(·) can satisfy:

[0268] The meanings of the parameters on the right side of the equation in formula (2-22) can be found in the relevant description of formula (2-13) above, and will not be repeated here.

[0269] For another example, the first function f(·) and l、 And related to the CP type. At this point, f(·) can satisfy:

[0270] The meanings of the parameters on the right side of equation (2-23) can be found in the relevant description of equation (2-14) above, and will not be repeated here.

[0271] For another example, the first function f(·) and l、 And related to the CP type. At this point, f(·) can satisfy:

[0272] The meanings of the parameters on the right side of equation (2-24) can be found in the relevant description of equation (2-15) above, and will not be repeated here.

[0273] For another example, the first function f(·) and l、 CP type, and Related. At this point, f(·) can satisfy:

[0274] The meanings of the parameters on the right side of equation (2-25) can be found in the relevant description of equation (2-16) above, and will not be repeated here.

[0275] When considering f(·) and the system frame number n f When relevant, the formulas (2-20) to (2-25) above can be used. Replace it with the above formula (2-17).

[0276] It is understood that by making some modifications to the above formulas (2-20) to (2-25), new formulas can be obtained, and these new formulas are also within the scope of protection of this application. For example, the formulas (2-20) and (2-23) above can be modified to obtain new formulas. Replace with That is, formula (2-11) at this time corresponds to: f(·) and l, and Related; and formula (2-22) at this time corresponds to: f(·) and l、 And related to CP type. Also, replace X0 with X1. For example, in formulas (2-21), (2-22), (2-24), and (2-25), the following can be changed: Replace with and Replace with Accordingly, X0 is replaced with X1, and X1 is replaced with X0.

[0277] It's also understandable that the first function f(·) can have other designs. For example, f(·) is about... l, and The function f(·) satisfies:

[0278] or,

[0279] in:

[0280] c(i) represents a defined gold / m sequence. As an example, m0 = 3.

[0281] In some scenarios, when the generator polynomial of the pseudo-random sequence is related to the first function, the initial value of the pseudo-random sequence can be... or

[0282] In another possible implementation, the second information can also directly indicate the generator polynomial of the pseudo-random sequence. For example, the second information can be a bitmap of length k0+1, corresponding to a bit sequence of length k0+1 [g(k0) g(k0-1) … g(1) g(0)], where g(k0) = g(0) = 1, and g(1), …, g(k0-1) ∈ {0, 1}. Based on this bit sequence, the sensing node (e.g., the first device and / or the second device) can determine the polynomial:

[0283] In one possible implementation, the offset value of the aforementioned pseudo-random sequence is related to the first function, N. symb and the length M of the π / 2-BPSK sequence seq Related. The first function can be found in the previous explanation and will not be repeated here. For example, when a pseudo-random sequence (such as the gold sequence or the aforementioned m-sequence pair) involves two m-sequences, the offset value of one m-sequence can be fixed, while only the offset value of the other m-sequence can be configured.

[0284] For example, the aforementioned third information may include relevant parameters for determining the first function, N symb and the length M of the π / 2-BPSK sequence seq For example, the third piece of information could be time-frequency resource information used to indicate the sensing reference signal.

[0285] For example, to make it easier to understand, consider a single offset value here. The offset value N of the pseudo-random sequence. c It can satisfy: N c =(f(·)mod N symb )*M seq ………………………………………………………………(2-30)

[0286] In some scenarios, when the offset of the pseudo-random sequence is related to the first function, the initial value of the pseudo-random sequence can be... or

[0287] The embodiments of this application indicate parameters related to the offset value of the pseudo-random sequence through third information, so that the sensing transmitter (i.e., the first device) and / or the sensing receiver (i.e., the second device) can determine the pseudo-random sequence based on the third information, thereby knowing the π / 2-BPSK sequence used, which can effectively save signaling overhead.

[0288] For example, due to the multipath propagation characteristics of the channel, the sensing reference signal sent by the first device can reach the second device after being reflected by the target object.

[0289] It is understood that, in this embodiment of the application, the signal obtained by reflecting the sensing reference signal sent by the first device after reflection by the target object can be called the echo signal of the sensing reference signal. Subsequently, the echo signal can be received by the second device, thereby enabling the second device to perform sensing based on the echo signal. In one possible implementation, the sensing method shown in Figure 5 above further includes:

[0290] S103, the second device performs sensing measurements based on the echo signal of the received sensing reference signal. Here, sensing measurements can be understood as measuring information such as the distance and speed of the target object.

[0291] In one possible implementation, before step S103, the sensing method shown in Figure 5 may further include: the second device acquiring the first message. For example, the second device may determine the first message itself, i.e., determine P pseudo-random sequences. Alternatively, the second device may obtain the first message from other devices (such as the first device or the third device) and then determine the P pseudo-random sequences based on the first message. The specific implementation of the second device acquiring the first message can refer to the aforementioned method of the first device acquiring the first message, and will not be repeated here.

[0292] In one possible implementation, the sensing method shown in Figure 5 above may further include: the second device acquiring fourth information, when P is less than N. symb In this case, the fourth information can be used to indicate the number of repetitions of one or more pseudo-random sequences among the aforementioned P pseudo-random sequences. This fourth information can be carried in the second message. The method by which the second device obtains the fourth information can refer to the method by which the first device obtains the first message, and will not be repeated here.

[0293] It is understandable that when the first device and the second device belong to the same entity / device, that is, when the sensing transmitter and the sensing receiver are the same device, the above step S103 can also be described as: the first device performs sensing measurement based on the echo signal of the received sensing reference signal. In other words, the sensing reference signal sent by the first device is reflected back to the first device by the target object. At this time, both the sensing transmitter and the sensing receiver are the first device, and the first device performs self-transmitting and self-receiving sensing measurement (e.g., measuring the distance and speed of the target object).

[0294] The sensing reference signal in this application carries a π / 2-BPSK sequence, which is generated based on a pseudo-random sequence. Some information of the pseudo-random sequence (such as initial value, generator polynomial, or offset value) is indicated by signaling. Based on this information, the sensing transmitter and sensing receiver can determine the pseudo-random sequence, thereby determining the π / 2-BPSK sequence used by the sensing reference signal. This can support radio frequency sensing and reduce signaling overhead.

[0295] Referring to Figure 8, which is another schematic flowchart of the sensing method provided in an embodiment of this application, the sensing method includes, but is not limited to:

[0296] S201, the first device acquires a first message, which indicates the identifier of each of the P Gray complement pairs. These P Gray complement pairs are all distinct.

[0297] S202, the first device sends a sensing reference signal, which carries N symb N π / 2-BPSK sequences symb The π / 2-BPSK sequence is obtained based on the above P Gray complement pairs. An N symb Each π / 2-BPSK sequence corresponds to one Gray sequence in a Gray complement pair. P is less than or equal to N. symb / 2, P and N symb It is an integer greater than 1.

[0298] In one possible implementation, the first message can directly indicate the identifier of each of the P Gray complement pairs; for example, the first message may include the identifier of each Gray complement pair. Alternatively, the first message can also indirectly indicate the identifier of each of the P Gray complement pairs; for example, the first message may indicate the parameters used to determine the P Gray complement pairs, as detailed in the following description.

[0299] In one possible implementation, the first device can determine the first message itself, i.e., determine P Gray complement pairs. The first device can also send the first message to the second and / or third device to indicate / determine these P Gray complement pairs. Alternatively, the first device can obtain the first message from other devices (such as the second or third device) and then determine the P Gray complement pairs based on that first message. For example, the second device determines the P Gray complement pairs and then sends the first message to the first device. Or, the second device sends the first message to the third device, and the third device, after receiving the first message, then sends it back to the first device. Another example: the third device determines the P Gray complement pairs and then sends the first message to the first device. Or, the third device sends the first message to the second device, and the second device, after receiving the first message, then sends it back to the first device. Here, "receiving" can be understood as obtaining the message through an antenna port or a chip / circuit's I / O interface.

[0300] It is understandable that when the first device and the second device belong to the same entity / device, the transmission of the first message between the first device and the second device can be understood as an interaction within a single device; or, in other words, the first device does not need to send a first message to the second device, nor does the second device need to send a first message to the first device. Similarly, when the first device and the third device belong to the same entity / device, the transmission of the first message between the first device and the third device can be understood as an interaction within a single device; or, in other words, the first device does not need to send a first message to the third device, nor does the third device need to send a first message to the first device. Likewise, when the second device and the third device belong to the same entity / device, the transmission of the first message between the second device and the third device can be understood as an interaction within a single device; or, in other words, the second device does not need to send a first message to the third device, nor does the third device need to send a first message to the second device. Finally, when the first device, the second device, and the third device belong to the same entity / device, the transmission of the first instruction information between the first device, the second device, and the third device can be understood as an interaction within a single device; or, in other words, the first device, the second device, and the third device do not need to send or receive first messages from each other.

[0301] In one possible implementation, after the first device determines P Gray complement pairs, it can generate N Gray complement pairs based on these P Gray complement pairs. symb N π / 2-BPSK sequences. Then, the first device can process these N symb By performing DFT, subcarrier mapping, IDFT, and optional CP addition on π / 2-BPSK sequences, N can be obtained. symb π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbols. The first device transmits a sensing reference signal, which includes N symb Each π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol carries a π / 2-BPSK sequence. The first device maintains phase continuity during the transmission of the sensing reference signal. Therefore, this sensing reference signal carries N... symb A π / 2-BPSK sequence. The method for generating π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbols can be found in the relevant description in the embodiment shown in Figure 5 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0302] In this context, a Gray sequence from a Gray complement pair can generate a π / 2-BPSK sequence. For example, modulating a Gray sequence from a Gray complement pair with π / 2-BPSK yields a π / 2-BPSK sequence. Therefore, P is less than or equal to N. symb / 2. When P equals N symb When P is less than N, one Gray complement pair corresponds to two π / 2-BPSK sequences; symbWhen P is less than N, there exists a case where one of the P Gray complement pairs corresponds to at least four π / 2-BPSK sequences. In other words, when P is less than N... symb When P is less than N, some of the P Gray complement pairs can be reused. In other words, when P is less than N... symb When / 2, N is generated from P complementary gray pairs. symb Some π / 2-BPSK sequences are identical.

[0303] In one possible implementation, when P is less than or equal to N symb In the case of / 2, the first message mentioned above can also be used to indicate the number of repetitions of one or more Gray complement pairs among these P Gray complement pairs.

[0304] In one possible implementation, the identifier of the Gray complement pair indicated by the first message can be associated with a first function and a predefined set of Gray complement pairs. The first function can be a function with a positive integer value. The first function can be associated with the index of the time slot containing the sensing reference signal within the frame. The index l (the value of l starts from 0) of the π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol in the time slot where the sensing reference signal is located is related.

[0305] For example, the first message mentioned above may include the index of the time slot where the sensed reference signal is located within the frame. and / or N symb The index l of a π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol within the time slot of the sensing reference signal. For example, the first message may include time-frequency resource information indicating the sensing reference signal.

[0306] In one possible implementation, the first function may also be associated with one or more of the following parameters: the SFN of the sensing reference signal, the CP type of the sensing reference signal, the identifier of the sensing transmitter (such as the first device in this embodiment), the identifier of the sensing receiver (such as the second device in this embodiment), or the identifier of the sensing area where the target object is located. For example, the first message may also include one or more of the following parameters: the SFN of the sensing reference signal, the CP type of the sensing reference signal, the identifier of the sensing transmitter (such as the first device in this embodiment), the identifier of the sensing receiver (such as the second device in this embodiment), or the identifier of the sensing area where the target object is located. For a description of the first function, please refer to the relevant description in the embodiment shown in Figure 5 above; it will not be repeated here.

[0307] For example, the SFN and CP type of the sensing reference signal can be indicated by the time-frequency resources of the sensing reference signal. In some scenarios, when some parameters related to the identifier of the Gray complement pair are indicated by the time-frequency resources of the sensing reference signal, the aforementioned first message may only include other parameters related to the identifier of the Gray complement pair, and these other parameters are not indicated by the time-frequency resources of the sensing reference signal. For explanations regarding the SFN of the sensing reference signal, the CP type of the sensing reference signal, the identifier of the sensing transmitter, the identifier of the sensing receiver, and the identifier of the sensing area where the target object is located, please refer to the relevant descriptions in the embodiment shown in Figure 5 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0308] For example, suppose the predefined set of GCPs contains N GCPs. GCP ,in and This represents the total number of GCPs existing for a given Gray sequence length. Table 2 below shows the corresponding GCPs when the Gray sequence length is less than 100.

[0309] Table 2

[0310] The length of the Gray sequence can be determined based on the length M of the π / 2-BPSK sequence. seq Determined. For example, non-negative integers α1, α2, and α3 can be such that... Greater than or equal to M seq The smallest integer. For example, M seq If the value is 300, then α1 can be 5, α2 can be 1, and α3 can be 0.

[0311] In one implementation, it can be derived from... Select N from the GCPs. GCP A number of GCPs are used to form a predefined set of GCPs.

[0312] Assuming that for these N in the predefined GCP set GCP Each GCP is numbered, i.e., 0, 1, ..., N. GCP -1. Then, based on predefined criteria, from these N... GCP Choose one from the GCPs. At this point, the identifier (e.g., number) of the Gray complement pair satisfies: f(·) mod N GCP ………………………………………………………………………………(3-1)

[0313] The explanation of the first function f(·) can be found in the relevant description in the embodiment shown in Figure 5 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0314] For example, due to the multipath propagation characteristics of the channel, the sensing reference signal sent by the first device can reach the second device after being reflected by the target object.

[0315] It is understood that, in this embodiment of the application, the signal obtained by reflecting the sensing reference signal sent by the first device after reflection by the target object can be called the echo signal of the sensing reference signal. Subsequently, the echo signal can be received by the second device, thereby enabling the second device to perform sensing based on the echo signal. In one possible implementation, the sensing method shown in Figure 5 above further includes:

[0316] S203, the second device performs sensing measurements based on the echo signal of the received sensing reference signal. Here, sensing measurements can be understood as measuring information such as the distance and speed of the target object.

[0317] In one possible implementation, before step S203, the sensing method shown in Figure 8 may further include: the second device acquiring the first message. For example, the second device may determine the first message itself, i.e., determine P Gray complement pairs. Alternatively, the second device may obtain the first message from other devices (such as the first device or the third device) and then determine P Gray complement pairs based on the first message. The specific implementation of the second device acquiring the first message can refer to the aforementioned method of the first device acquiring the first message, and will not be repeated here.

[0318] It is understandable that when the first device and the second device belong to the same entity / device, that is, when the sensing transmitter and the sensing receiver are the same device, the above step S203 can also be described as: the first device performs sensing measurement based on the echo signal of the received sensing reference signal. In other words, the sensing reference signal sent by the first device is reflected back to the first device by the target object. At this time, both the sensing transmitter and the sensing receiver are the first device, and the first device performs self-transmitting and self-receiving sensing measurement (e.g., measuring the distance and speed of the target object).

[0319] The sensing reference signal in this application carries a π / 2-BPSK sequence, which is generated based on a GCP. The identifier of the GCP is indicated by signaling. Based on the identifier, the sensing transmitter and sensing receiver can determine the GCP, thereby determining the π / 2-BPSK sequence used by the sensing reference signal. This can support radio frequency sensing and reduce signaling overhead.

[0320] It is understood that, in order to achieve the functions in the above embodiments, the first and second devices include hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to the execution of each function. Those skilled in the art should readily recognize that, based on the units and method steps described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed in this application, this application can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed by hardware or by computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application scenario and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0321] Figures 9 and 10 are schematic diagrams of possible communication devices provided in embodiments of this application. These communication devices can be used to implement the functions of the first or second device in the above method embodiments, and thus can also achieve the beneficial effects of the above method embodiments. In the embodiments of this application, the communication device can be the terminal 120 shown in Figure 3, the base station 110 shown in Figure 3, or a module (such as a chip) applied to the terminal or base station.

[0322] As shown in Figure 9, the communication device 900 includes a processing module 910 and a transceiver module 920. The communication device 900 is used to implement the functions of the first device, the second device, or the third device in the method embodiment shown in Figure 5 above, or the communication device 900 is used to implement the functions of the first device or the second device in the method embodiment shown in Figure 8 above.

[0323] When the communication device 900 is used to implement the function of the first or second device in the method embodiment shown in FIG5: the processing module 910 is used to acquire a first message, which is used to determine P pseudo-random sequences; the transceiver module 920 is used to transmit a sensing reference signal, which carries N symb N π / 2-BPSK sequences symb The π / 2-BPSK sequences are obtained from these P pseudo-random sequences. P is less than or equal to N. symb P and N symb It is an integer greater than 1. The first message includes one or more of the following: first information, second information, or third information; the first information is used to indicate the initial value of each of the P pseudo-random sequences, the second information is used to indicate the generator polynomial of each of the P pseudo-random sequences, and the third information is used to indicate the offset value of each of the P pseudo-random sequences. The P pseudo-random sequences are all different.

[0324] It is understandable that "transmission" here can be interpreted as sending or receiving. When "transmission" is interpreted as receiving, the transceiver module 920 is used to receive the echo signal of the sensing reference signal.

[0325] For example, when P is less than N symb At the same time, the first message also includes a fourth message, which indicates the number of repetitions of one or more pseudo-random sequences in the P pseudo-random sequences.

[0326] For example, the aforementioned sensing reference signal includes N symb A π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol carries a π / 2-BPSK sequence.

[0327] For example, the aforementioned sensing reference signal maintains phase continuity during transmission. In other words, the transceiver module 920 maintains phase continuity during the transmission of the sensing reference signal, and also maintains phase continuity during the reception of the echo signal of the sensing reference signal.

[0328] For example, the initial value of the pseudo-random sequence is related to the index of the time slot where the sensing reference signal is located within the frame, and the index of the π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol within the time slot where the sensing reference signal is located.

[0329] For example, the initial value of the pseudo-random sequence is also related to one or more of the following parameters: the system frame number of the sensing reference signal, the cyclic prefix type of the sensing reference signal, the identifier of the sensing transmitter, the identifier of the sensing receiver, or the identifier of the sensing area where the target object is located.

[0330] For example, the generator polynomial of the aforementioned pseudo-random sequence is associated with a first function and a predefined set of generator polynomials; the first function is a function with a positive integer value. The first function is associated with the index of the time slot containing the sensing reference signal within the frame, and the index of the π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol within the time slot containing the sensing reference signal.

[0331] For example, the offset value of the above pseudo-random sequence is related to the first function, N. symb The first function is related to the length of the π / 2-BPSK sequence and is a function with a positive integer value. This first function is related to the index of the time slot containing the sensing reference signal within the frame, and the index of the π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol within the time slot containing the sensing reference signal.

[0332] For example, the first function described above is also associated with one or more of the following parameters: the system frame number of the sensing reference signal, the cyclic prefix type of the sensing reference signal, the identifier of the sensing transmitter, the identifier of the sensing receiver, or the identifier of the sensing area where the target object is located.

[0333] For example, one or both of the initial value, generator polynomial, or offset value of the pseudo-random sequence described above are predefined.

[0334] For example, the pseudo-random sequence mentioned above is a gold sequence or an m-sequence.

[0335] When the communication device 900 is used to implement the function of the third device in the method embodiment shown in FIG5: the processing module 910 is used to determine a first message; the transceiver module 920 is used to send the first message, which is used to determine P pseudo-random sequences. The first message includes one or more of the following: first information, second information, or third information; the first information is used to indicate the initial value of each pseudo-random sequence in the P pseudo-random sequences, the second information is used to indicate the generator polynomial of each pseudo-random sequence in the P pseudo-random sequences, and the third information is used to indicate the offset value of each pseudo-random sequence in the P pseudo-random sequences. The P pseudo-random sequences are all different. P is an integer greater than 1.

[0336] For example, the transceiver module 920 is also used to transmit a sensing reference signal, which carries N symb N π / 2-BPSK sequences symb The π / 2-BPSK sequences are obtained based on the above P pseudo-random sequences. P is less than or equal to N. symb N symb It is an integer greater than 1.

[0337] It is understandable that "transmission" here can be interpreted as sending or receiving. When "transmission" is interpreted as receiving, the transceiver module 920 is used to receive the echo signal of the sensing reference signal.

[0338] For example, when P is less than N symb At the same time, the first message also includes a fourth message, which indicates the number of repetitions of one or more pseudo-random sequences in the P pseudo-random sequences.

[0339] For example, the aforementioned sensing reference signal includes N symb A π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol carries a π / 2-BPSK sequence.

[0340] For example, the aforementioned sensing reference signal maintains phase continuity during transmission. In other words, the transceiver module 920 maintains phase continuity during the transmission of the sensing reference signal, and also maintains phase continuity during the reception of the echo signal of the sensing reference signal.

[0341] For example, the initial value of the pseudo-random sequence is related to the index of the time slot where the sensing reference signal is located within the frame, and the index of the π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol within the time slot where the sensing reference signal is located.

[0342] For example, the initial value of the pseudo-random sequence is also related to one or more of the following parameters: the system frame number of the sensing reference signal, the cyclic prefix type of the sensing reference signal, the identifier of the sensing transmitter, the identifier of the sensing receiver, or the identifier of the sensing area where the target object is located.

[0343] For example, the generator polynomial of the aforementioned pseudo-random sequence is associated with a first function and a predefined set of generator polynomials; the first function is a function with a positive integer value. The first function is associated with the index of the time slot containing the sensing reference signal within the frame, and the index of the π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol within the time slot containing the sensing reference signal.

[0344] For example, the offset value of the above pseudo-random sequence is related to the first function, N. symb The first function is related to the length of the π / 2-BPSK sequence and is a function with a positive integer value. This first function is related to the index of the time slot containing the sensing reference signal within the frame, and the index of the π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol within the time slot containing the sensing reference signal.

[0345] For example, the first function described above is also associated with one or more of the following parameters: the system frame number of the sensing reference signal, the cyclic prefix type of the sensing reference signal, the identifier of the sensing transmitter, the identifier of the sensing receiver, or the identifier of the sensing area where the target object is located.

[0346] For example, one or both of the initial value, generator polynomial, or offset value of the pseudo-random sequence described above are predefined.

[0347] For example, the pseudo-random sequence mentioned above is a gold sequence or an m-sequence.

[0348] For a more detailed description of the above-mentioned processing module 910 and transceiver module 920, please refer to the relevant description in the method embodiment shown in Figure 5.

[0349] When the communication device 900 is used to implement the function of the first or second device in the method embodiment shown in FIG8: the processing module 910 is used to acquire a first message, which indicates the identifier of each of the P Gray complement pairs, wherein the P Gray complement pairs are all different; the transceiver module 920 is used to transmit a sensing reference signal, which carries N symb N π / 2-BPSK sequences symb The π / 2-BPSK sequence is obtained based on the P Gray complement pairs, and an N symb Each π / 2-BPSK sequence corresponds to one Gray sequence in a Gray complement pair. P is less than or equal to N. symb / 2, P and N symb It is an integer greater than 1.

[0350] It is understandable that "transmission" here can be interpreted as sending or receiving. When "transmission" is interpreted as receiving, the transceiver module 920 is used to receive the echo signal of the sensing reference signal.

[0351] For example, when P is less than or equal to N symb When / 2, the first message mentioned above is also used to indicate the number of repetitions of one or more Gray complement pairs in the P Gray complement pairs.

[0352] For example, the aforementioned sensing reference signal includes N symb A π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol carries a π / 2-BPSK sequence.

[0353] For example, the aforementioned sensing reference signal maintains phase continuity during transmission. In other words, the transceiver module 920 maintains phase continuity during the transmission of the sensing reference signal, and also maintains phase continuity during the reception of the echo signal of the sensing reference signal.

[0354] For example, the first message mentioned above includes the identifier of each of the P Gray complement pairs.

[0355] For example, the identification of the Gray complement pair mentioned above is associated with a first function and a predefined set of Gray complement pairs; the first function is a function with a positive integer value. The first function is associated with the index of the time slot where the sensing reference signal is located within the frame, and the index of the π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol within the time slot where the sensing reference signal is located.

[0356] For example, the first function described above is also associated with one or more of the following parameters: the system frame number of the sensing reference signal, the cyclic prefix type of the sensing reference signal, the identifier of the sensing transmitter, the identifier of the sensing receiver, or the identifier of the sensing area where the target object is located.

[0357] For a more detailed description of the above-mentioned processing module 910 and transceiver module 920, please refer to the relevant description in the method embodiment shown in Figure 8.

[0358] As shown in Figure 10, the communication device 1400 includes a processor 1410 and an interface circuit 1420. The processor 1410 and the interface circuit 1420 are coupled to each other. It is understood that the interface circuit 1420 can be a transceiver or an input / output interface. Optionally, the communication device 1400 may also include a memory 1430 for storing instructions executed by the processor 1410, or storing input data required by the processor 1410 to execute instructions, or storing data generated after the processor 1410 executes instructions. Sometimes, the interface circuit 1420 can also be understood as part of the processor 1410, in which case the communication device 1400 includes the processor 1410.

[0359] When the communication device 1400 is used to implement the method shown in FIG5 or FIG8, the processor 1410 is used to implement the function of the processing module 910, and the interface circuit 1420 is used to implement the function of the transceiver module 920.

[0360] When the aforementioned communication device is a chip applied to the first device, the chip implements the functions of the first device in any of the above method embodiments. The chip receiving information from the second device can be understood as the information being first received by other modules (such as an RF module or antenna) in the first device, and then sent to the chip by these modules. The chip sending information to the second device can be understood as the information being first sent to other modules (such as an RF module or antenna) in the first device, and then sent to the second device by these modules.

[0361] When the aforementioned communication device is a chip applied to the second device, the chip implements the functions of the second device in any of the above method embodiments. The chip receiving information from the first device can be understood as the information being first received by other modules (such as an RF module or antenna) in the second device, and then sent to the chip by these modules. The chip sending information to the first device can be understood as the information being sent to other modules (such as an RF module or antenna) in the second device, and then sent to the first device by these modules.

[0362] The transceiver may provide a communication interface or means for communicating with various other devices via a wireless transmission medium. The transceiver may be coupled to an antenna array, and the transceiver and antenna array may be used together for communication with a corresponding network type. At least one interface (e.g., a network interface and / or a user interface) provides a communication interface or means for communication via an internal bus or via an external transmission medium.

[0363] The processor is responsible for managing the bus and general processing, including executing software stored on a computer-readable medium. When executed by the processor, the software causes the processing system to perform the various functions described below for any particular device. The functions that can be implemented by the processor, memory, and computer-readable medium can include: encoding, decoding, rate matching, rate dematching, scrambling, descrambling, modulation, demodulation, layer mapping, fast Fourier transform (FFT), inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT), inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT), discrete Fourier transform (DFT), precoding, resource element (RE) mapping, channel equalization, RE demapping, digital beamforming (BF), adding CP, removing CP, and so on.

[0364] This application also provides a sensing system, which includes a first device and a second device, which can be used to execute the methods in any of the foregoing method embodiments. Optionally, the sensing system further includes a third device, which can be used to execute relevant steps or functions in any of the foregoing method embodiments.

[0365] In addition, this application also provides a computer program for implementing the operations and / or processes performed by the first device, the second device, or the third device in the method provided in this application.

[0366] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer code that, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform the operations and / or processes performed by a first, second, or third device in the method provided in this application.

[0367] This application also provides a computer program product, which includes computer code or a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the operations and / or processes performed by a first device, a second device, or a third device in the method provided in this application to be executed.

[0368] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and modules described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be described again here.

[0369] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0370] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0371] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0372] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to existing solutions, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, external hard drives, ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

Claims

1. A sensing method, characterized in that, include: Obtain a first message, which is used to determine P pseudo-random sequences. The first message includes one or more of the following: first information, second information, or third information. The first information is used to indicate the initial value of each of the P pseudo-random sequences, the second information is used to indicate the generator polynomial of each of the P pseudo-random sequences, and the third information is used to indicate the offset value of each of the P pseudo-random sequences. The P pseudo-random sequences are all different; Transmit a sensing reference signal, the sensing reference signal carrying N symb N π / 2 binary phase shift keying (BPSK) sequences symb The π / 2-BPSK sequences are obtained based on the P pseudo-random sequences, where P is less than or equal to N. symb P and N symb It is an integer greater than 1.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When P is less than N symb At the same time, the first message also includes fourth information, which is used to indicate the number of repetitions of one or more pseudo-random sequences in the P pseudo-random sequences.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The sensing reference signal includes N symb A π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol carries a π / 2-BPSK sequence.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The initial value of the pseudo-random sequence is related to the index of the time slot where the sensing reference signal is located within the frame, and the index of the π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol within the time slot where the sensing reference signal is located.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The initial value of the pseudo-random sequence is also related to one or more of the following parameters: the system frame number of the sensing reference signal, the cyclic prefix type of the sensing reference signal, the identifier of the sensing transmitter, the identifier of the sensing receiver, or the identifier of the sensing area where the target object is located.

6. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that, The generator polynomial of the pseudo-random sequence is related to a first function and a predefined set of generator polynomials; the first function is a function with a positive integer value. The first function is related to the index of the time slot where the sensing reference signal is located within the frame, and the index of the π / 2-BPSK single carrier symbol within the time slot where the sensing reference signal is located.

7. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that, The offset value of the pseudo-random sequence is related to the first function, N. symb And related to the length of the π / 2-BPSK sequence; the first function is a function with a positive integer value; The first function is related to the index of the time slot where the sensing reference signal is located within the frame, and the index of the π / 2-BPSK single carrier symbol within the time slot where the sensing reference signal is located.

8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The first function is also related to one or more of the following parameters: the system frame number of the sensing reference signal, the cyclic prefix type of the sensing reference signal, the identifier of the sensing transmitter, the identifier of the sensing receiver, or the identifier of the sensing area where the target object is located.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, At least one of the following is predefined: the initial value, generator polynomial, or offset value of the pseudo-random sequence.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Phase continuity is maintained during the transmission of the sensing reference signal.

11. A sensing method, characterized in that, include: Send a first message, which is used to determine P pseudo-random sequences. The first message includes one or more of the following: first information, second information, or third information. The first information is used to indicate the initial value of each of the P pseudo-random sequences, the second information is used to indicate the generator polynomial of each of the P pseudo-random sequences, and the third information is used to indicate the offset value of each of the P pseudo-random sequences. The P pseudo-random sequences are all different, and P is an integer greater than 1.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The first message also includes fourth information, which indicates the number of times one or more pseudo-random sequences in the P pseudo-random sequences are repeated.

13. The method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that, The method further includes: Transmit a sensing reference signal, the sensing reference signal carrying N symb N π / 2 binary phase shift keying (BPSK) sequences symb The π / 2-BPSK sequences are obtained based on the P pseudo-random sequences, where P is less than or equal to N. symb N symb It is an integer greater than 1.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The sensing reference signal includes N symb A π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol carries a π / 2-BPSK sequence.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The initial value of the pseudo-random sequence is related to the index of the time slot where the sensing reference signal is located within the frame, and the index of the π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol within the time slot where the sensing reference signal is located.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that, The initial value of the pseudo-random sequence is also related to one or more of the following parameters: the system frame number of the sensing reference signal, the cyclic prefix type of the sensing reference signal, the identifier of the sensing transmitter, the identifier of the sensing receiver, or the identifier of the sensing area where the target object is located.

17. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that, The generator polynomial of the pseudo-random sequence is related to a first function and a predefined set of generator polynomials; the first function is a function with a positive integer value. The first function is related to the index of the time slot where the sensing reference signal is located within the frame, and the index of the π / 2-BPSK single carrier symbol within the time slot where the sensing reference signal is located.

18. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that, The offset value of the pseudo-random sequence is related to the first function, N. symb And related to the length of the π / 2-BPSK sequence; the first function is a function with a positive integer value; The first function is related to the index of the time slot where the sensing reference signal is located within the frame, and the index of the π / 2-BPSK single carrier symbol within the time slot where the sensing reference signal is located.

19. The method according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that, The first function is also related to one or more of the following parameters: the system frame number of the sensing reference signal, the cyclic prefix type of the sensing reference signal, the identifier of the sensing transmitter, the identifier of the sensing receiver, or the identifier of the sensing area where the target object is located.

20. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 19, characterized in that, At least one of the following is predefined: the initial value, generator polynomial, or offset value of the pseudo-random sequence.

21. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 19, characterized in that: Phase continuity is maintained during the transmission of the sensing reference signal.

22. A sensing method, characterized in that, include: Obtain a first message, which indicates the identifier of each of the P Gray complement pairs, wherein each of the P Gray complement pairs is different; Transmit a sensing reference signal, the sensing reference signal carrying N symb N π / 2 binary phase shift keying (BPSK) sequences symb The π / 2-BPSK sequence is obtained based on the P Gray complement pairs, and an N symb Each π / 2-BPSK sequence corresponds to a Gray sequence in a Gray complement pair, where P is less than or equal to N. symb / 2, P and N symb It is an integer greater than 1.

23. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that, When P is less than or equal to N symb When / 2, the first message is also used to indicate the number of repetitions of one or more Gray complement pairs among the P Gray complement pairs.

24. The method according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that, The sensing reference signal includes N symb A π / 2-BPSK single-carrier symbol carries a π / 2-BPSK sequence.

25. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 24, characterized in that, The first message includes the identifier of each of the P Gray complement pairs.

26. The method according to claim 25, characterized in that, The identifier of the Gray complement pair is associated with a first function and a predefined set of Gray complement pairs; the first function is a function with a positive integer value; The first function is related to the index of the time slot where the sensing reference signal is located within the frame, and the index of the π / 2-BPSK single carrier symbol within the time slot where the sensing reference signal is located.

27. The method according to claim 26, characterized in that, The first function is also related to one or more of the following parameters: the system frame number of the sensing reference signal, the cyclic prefix type of the sensing reference signal, the identifier of the sensing transmitter, the identifier of the sensing receiver, or the identifier of the sensing area where the target object is located.

28. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 27, characterized in that: Phase continuity is maintained during the transmission of the sensing reference signal.

29. A communication device, characterized in that, It includes a module for performing the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 10, or includes a module for performing the method as described in any one of claims 11 to 21, or includes a module for performing the method as described in any one of claims 22 to 28.

30. A readable storage medium, characterized in that, The readable storage medium stores a computer program or instructions that, when executed by a communication device, implement the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 28.

31. A computer program product, comprising a computer program or instructions, characterized in that, When the computer program or instructions are executed by the communication device, the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 28 is implemented.

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