Signal processing method and apparatus, and aiot device and reader

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of communications. Disclosed are a signal processing method and apparatus, and an ambient Internet-of-Things (AIoT) device and a reader. The signal processing method of the embodiments of the present application comprises: on the basis of first information, an AIoT device determining a target sequence used for a device-to-reader (D2R) signal; and on the basis of the target sequence, the AIoT device transmitting the target sequence in a sent or reflected D2R signal, wherein the first information comprises at least one of the following: a physical signal type of the D2R signal, a mapping position of the target sequence in the D2R signal, a message type of the D2R signal, a frequency shift value used for the D2R signal, and a data rate of the D2R signal, and the target sequence is used for determining at least one of the following: the message type of the D2R signal, the segmentation of D2R data, a last segment of D2R data transmission, the amount of data transmitted by the AIoT device, an energy state of the AIoT device, the number of remaining information bits in the D2R data transmission, a start position of the D2R data transmission, and an end position of the D2R data transmission.

Description

Signal processing methods, devices, AIoT devices and readers

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202510119470.8, filed in China on January 24, 2025, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application belongs to the field of communication technology, specifically relating to a signal processing method, apparatus, AIoT device, and reader. Background Technology

[0004] In the context of Ambient Internet of Things (AIoT), how to design the sequence of Device-to-Reader (D2R) signals to accurately indicate at least one of the following: device status, transmission status, data distribution location, data start status, and data end status, thereby ensuring the reliability of AIoT communication, is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a signal processing method, apparatus, AIoT device, and reader that can accurately indicate at least one of the following: device status, transmission status, data distribution location, data start status, and data end status, thereby ensuring the reliability of AIoT communication.

[0006] Firstly, a signal processing method is provided, including:

[0007] Based on the first information, the environmental IoT (AIoT) device determines the target sequence for the device-to-reader (D2R) signal.

[0008] The AIoT device transmits the target sequence in the transmitted or reflected D2R signal according to the target sequence;

[0009] The first information includes at least one of the following:

[0010] The physical signal type of a D2R signal;

[0011] The location of the target sequence mapped in the D2R signal;

[0012] The message type of the D2R signal;

[0013] The frequency shift value used in the D2R signal;

[0014] Data rate of D2R signal;

[0015] The target sequence is used to determine at least one of the following:

[0016] The message type of the D2R signal;

[0017] Segmentation of D2R data;

[0018] The last segment of D2R data transmission;

[0019] The amount of data transmitted by AIoT devices;

[0020] Energy status of AIoT devices;

[0021] The number of information bits remaining in D2R data transmission;

[0022] The start position of D2R data transmission;

[0023] End position of D2R data transmission.

[0024] Secondly, a signal processing method is provided, including:

[0025] The reader receives D2R signals carrying target sequences sent by AIoT devices in the environment;

[0026] Based on the target sequence, determine the target information;

[0027] The target information includes at least one of the following:

[0028] The physical signal type of a D2R signal;

[0029] The location of the target sequence mapped in the D2R signal;

[0030] The message type of the D2R signal;

[0031] Segmentation of D2R data;

[0032] The last segment of D2R data transmission;

[0033] The amount of data transmitted by AIoT devices;

[0034] Energy status of AIoT devices;

[0035] The number of information bits remaining in D2R data transmission.

[0036] Thirdly, a signal processing method is provided, including:

[0037] The AIoT device receives control information sent by the reader, the control information being used to indicate the transmission parameters used by the target sequence;

[0038] The AIoT device generates a D2R signal containing the target sequence based on the transmission parameters.

[0039] The AIoT device sends the D2R signal to the reader;

[0040] The target sequence includes at least one of the following:

[0041] preamble sequence;

[0042] Intermediate precode sequence;

[0043] Tail preamble sequence;

[0044] The transmission parameters include at least one of the following:

[0045] The length of the target sequence;

[0046] Density of the target sequence;

[0047] The interval between target sequences;

[0048] The starting position of the intermediate preamble sequence transmission;

[0049] Whether the tail preamble sequence is transmitted;

[0050] The line code encoding method of the target sequence;

[0051] The repetition parameter of the target sequence;

[0052] Frequency shifting parameters of the target sequence;

[0053] Chip length of the target sequence.

[0054] Fourthly, a signal processing method is provided, including:

[0055] The reader sends control information to the AIoT device, the control information being used to indicate the transmission parameters used by the target sequence;

[0056] Receive a D2R signal containing a target sequence sent by an AIoT device, wherein the D2R signal is generated by the AIoT device based on the transmission parameters;

[0057] The target sequence includes at least one of the following:

[0058] preamble sequence;

[0059] Intermediate precode sequence;

[0060] Tail preamble sequence;

[0061] The transmission parameters include at least one of the following:

[0062] The length of the target sequence;

[0063] Density of the target sequence;

[0064] The interval between target sequences;

[0065] The starting position of the intermediate preamble sequence transmission;

[0066] Whether the tail preamble sequence is transmitted;

[0067] The line code encoding method of the target sequence;

[0068] The repetition parameter of the target sequence;

[0069] Frequency shifting parameters of the target sequence;

[0070] Chip length of the target sequence.

[0071] Fifthly, a signal processing apparatus is provided for use in AIoT devices, comprising:

[0072] The first processing module is used to determine the target sequence used for the device-to-reader D2R signal based on the first information;

[0073] The second processing module is used to transmit the target sequence in the transmitted or reflected D2R signal according to the target sequence;

[0074] The first information includes at least one of the following:

[0075] The physical signal type of a D2R signal;

[0076] The location of the target sequence mapped in the D2R signal;

[0077] The message type of the D2R signal;

[0078] The frequency shift value used in the D2R signal;

[0079] Data rate of D2R signal;

[0080] The target sequence is used to determine at least one of the following:

[0081] The message type of the D2R signal;

[0082] Segmentation of D2R data;

[0083] The last segment of D2R data transmission;

[0084] The amount of data transmitted by AIoT devices;

[0085] Energy status of AIoT devices;

[0086] The number of information bits remaining in D2R data transmission;

[0087] The start position of D2R data transmission;

[0088] End position of D2R data transmission.

[0089] Sixthly, a signal processing and transmission device is provided for use in a reader, comprising:

[0090] The first receiving module is used to receive D2R signals carrying target sequences sent by environmental IoT (AIoT) devices;

[0091] The third processing module is used to determine target information based on the target sequence;

[0092] The target information includes at least one of the following:

[0093] The physical signal type of a D2R signal;

[0094] The location of the target sequence mapped in the D2R signal;

[0095] The message type of the D2R signal;

[0096] Segmentation of D2R data;

[0097] The last segment of D2R data transmission;

[0098] The amount of data transmitted by AIoT devices;

[0099] Energy status of AIoT devices;

[0100] The number of information bits remaining in D2R data transmission.

[0101] In a seventh aspect, a signal processing apparatus is provided for use in AIoT devices, comprising:

[0102] The second receiving module is used to receive control information sent by the reader, the control information being used to indicate the transmission parameters used by the target sequence;

[0103] The fourth processing module is used to generate a D2R signal containing the target sequence based on the transmission parameters.

[0104] The first transmitting module is used to send the D2R signal to the reader.

[0105] The target sequence includes at least one of the following:

[0106] preamble sequence;

[0107] Intermediate precode sequence;

[0108] Tail preamble sequence;

[0109] The transmission parameters include at least one of the following:

[0110] The length of the target sequence;

[0111] Density of the target sequence;

[0112] The interval between target sequences;

[0113] The starting position of the intermediate preamble sequence transmission;

[0114] Whether the tail preamble sequence is transmitted;

[0115] The line code encoding method of the target sequence;

[0116] The repetition parameter of the target sequence;

[0117] Frequency shifting parameters of the target sequence;

[0118] Chip length of the target sequence.

[0119] Eighthly, a signal processing and transmission device is provided for use in a reader, comprising:

[0120] The second sending module is used to send control information to the AIoT device, wherein the control information is used to indicate the transmission parameters used by the target sequence;

[0121] The third receiving module is used to receive a D2R signal containing a target sequence sent by an AIoT device, wherein the D2R signal is generated by the AIoT device based on the transmission parameters;

[0122] The target sequence includes at least one of the following:

[0123] preamble sequence;

[0124] Intermediate precode sequence;

[0125] Tail preamble sequence;

[0126] The transmission parameters include at least one of the following:

[0127] The length of the target sequence;

[0128] Density of the target sequence;

[0129] The interval between target sequences;

[0130] The starting position of the intermediate preamble sequence transmission;

[0131] Whether the tail preamble sequence is transmitted;

[0132] The line code encoding method of the target sequence;

[0133] The repetition parameter of the target sequence;

[0134] Frequency shifting parameters of the target sequence;

[0135] Chip length of the target sequence.

[0136] A ninth aspect provides a signal processing apparatus configured to perform the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or implement the steps of the method described in the second aspect, or implement the steps of the method described in the third aspect, or implement the steps of the method described in the fourth aspect.

[0137] In a tenth aspect, an AIoT device is provided, including a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions executable on the processor, the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implementing the steps of the method as described in the first aspect, or implementing the steps of the method as described in the second aspect.

[0138] Eleventhly, an AIoT device is provided, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the processor is configured to determine a target sequence for device-to-reader (D2R) signals based on first information; and to transmit the target sequence in transmitted or reflected D2R signals according to the target sequence.

[0139] The first information includes at least one of the following:

[0140] The physical signal type of a D2R signal;

[0141] The location of the target sequence mapped in the D2R signal;

[0142] The message type of the D2R signal;

[0143] The frequency shift value used in the D2R signal;

[0144] Data rate of D2R signal;

[0145] The target sequence is used to determine at least one of the following:

[0146] The message type of the D2R signal;

[0147] Segmentation of D2R data;

[0148] The last segment of D2R data transmission;

[0149] The amount of data transmitted by AIoT devices;

[0150] Energy status of AIoT devices;

[0151] The number of information bits remaining in D2R data transmission;

[0152] The start position of D2R data transmission;

[0153] End position of D2R data transmission.

[0154] In a twelfth aspect, an AIoT device is provided, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is used for the AIoT device to receive control information sent by a reader, and the control information is used to indicate the transmission parameters used by the target sequence;

[0155] The processor is used to generate a D2R signal containing the target sequence according to the transmission parameters;

[0156] The communication interface is used to send the D2R signal to the reader;

[0157] The target sequence includes at least one of the following:

[0158] preamble sequence;

[0159] Intermediate precode sequence;

[0160] Tail preamble sequence;

[0161] The transmission parameters include at least one of the following:

[0162] The length of the target sequence;

[0163] Density of the target sequence;

[0164] The interval between target sequences;

[0165] The starting position of the intermediate preamble sequence transmission;

[0166] Whether the tail preamble sequence is transmitted;

[0167] The line code encoding method of the target sequence;

[0168] The repetition parameter of the target sequence;

[0169] Frequency shifting parameters of the target sequence;

[0170] Chip length of the target sequence.

[0171] In a thirteenth aspect, a reader is provided, including a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions executable on the processor, the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implementing the steps of the method as described in the second aspect, or implementing the steps of the method as described in the fourth aspect.

[0172] In a fourteenth aspect, a reader is provided, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is used to receive a D2R signal carrying a target sequence sent by an environmental Internet of Things (AIoT) device;

[0173] The communication interface is used to determine target information based on the target sequence;

[0174] The target information includes at least one of the following:

[0175] The physical signal type of a D2R signal;

[0176] The location of the target sequence mapped in the D2R signal;

[0177] The message type of the D2R signal;

[0178] Segmentation of D2R data;

[0179] The last segment of D2R data transmission;

[0180] The amount of data transmitted by AIoT devices;

[0181] Energy status of AIoT devices;

[0182] The number of information bits remaining in D2R data transmission.

[0183] In a fifteenth aspect, a reader is provided, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is used to send control information to an AIoT device, the control information being used to indicate transmission parameters used by a target sequence;

[0184] Receive a D2R signal containing a target sequence sent by an AIoT device, wherein the D2R signal is generated by the AIoT device based on the transmission parameters;

[0185] The target sequence includes at least one of the following:

[0186] preamble sequence;

[0187] Intermediate precode sequence;

[0188] Tail preamble sequence;

[0189] The transmission parameters include at least one of the following:

[0190] The length of the target sequence;

[0191] Density of the target sequence;

[0192] The interval between target sequences;

[0193] The starting position of the intermediate preamble sequence transmission;

[0194] Whether the tail preamble sequence is transmitted;

[0195] The line code encoding method of the target sequence;

[0196] The repetition parameter of the target sequence;

[0197] Frequency shifting parameters of the target sequence;

[0198] Chip length of the target sequence.

[0199] In a sixteenth aspect, a readable storage medium is provided, on which a program or instructions are stored, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or the steps of the method described in the second aspect, or the steps of the method described in the third aspect, or the steps of the method described in the fourth aspect.

[0200] In a seventeenth aspect, a wireless communication system is provided, comprising: an AIoT device and a reader, wherein the AIoT device is configured to perform steps of the method as described in the first or third aspect, and the reader is configured to perform steps of the method as described in the second or fourth aspect.

[0201] Eighteenthly, a chip is provided, the chip including a processor and a communication interface coupled to the processor, the processor being configured to run a program or instructions to implement the steps of the method as described in the first aspect, or the steps of the method as described in the second aspect, or the steps of the method as described in the third aspect, or the steps of the method as described in the fourth aspect.

[0202] In a nineteenth aspect, a computer program / program product is provided, the computer program / program product being stored in a storage medium, the computer program / program product being executed by at least one processor to implement the steps of the method as described in the first aspect, or the steps of the method as described in the second aspect, or the steps of the method as described in the third aspect, or the steps of the method as described in the fourth aspect.

[0203] In this embodiment of the application, the target sequence used by the D2R signal is determined according to the first information; the target sequence is transmitted in the transmitted or reflected D2R signal according to the target sequence; and at least one of the device status, transmission status, data distribution location, data start status, and data end status can be accurately indicated to ensure the reliability of AIoT communication. Attached Figure Description

[0204] Figure 1 is a block diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to an embodiment of this application;

[0205] Figure 2 is a schematic flowchart of one embodiment of the signal processing method of this application;

[0206] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of complementary sequences;

[0207] Figure 4 is one of the schematic diagrams of sequence mapping methods;

[0208] Figure 5 is the second schematic diagram of sequence mapping method;

[0209] Figure 6 is the third schematic diagram of sequence mapping method;

[0210] Figure 7 is the fourth schematic diagram of sequence mapping method;

[0211] Figure 8 is the fifth schematic diagram of sequence mapping method;

[0212] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the sequence mapping method (sixth).

[0213] Figure 10 is the seventh schematic diagram of sequence mapping methods;

[0214] Figure 11 is the eighth schematic diagram of sequence mapping method;

[0215] Figure 12 is the ninth schematic diagram of sequence mapping methods;

[0216] Figure 13 is the tenth schematic diagram of sequence mapping methods;

[0217] Figure 14 is a second schematic flowchart of the signal processing method according to an embodiment of this application;

[0218] Figure 15 is a third schematic flowchart of the signal processing method according to an embodiment of this application;

[0219] Figure 16 is a fourth schematic flowchart of the signal processing method according to an embodiment of this application;

[0220] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of one of the modules of the signal processing device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0221] Figure 18 is a second schematic diagram of the signal processing device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0222] Figure 19 is a third schematic diagram of the signal processing device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0223] Figure 20 is a fourth schematic diagram of the signal processing device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0224] Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0225] Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of the terminal structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0226] Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of the network-side device according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0227] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0228] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first" and "second" are generally of the same class, not limited in number; for example, the first object can be one or more. Furthermore, "or" in this application indicates at least one of the connected objects. For example, the scope of protection for "A or B" covers at least three scenarios: Scenario 1: including A but not B; Scenario 2: including B but not A; Scenario 3: including both A and B. In addition, the terms "A and / or B," "at least one of A and B," and "at least one of A or B" also cover at least the above three scenarios. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0229] The term "instruction" in this application can be either a direct instruction (or explicit instruction) or an indirect instruction (or implicit instruction). A direct instruction can be understood as the sender explicitly informing the receiver of specific information, the required operation, or the requested result in the instruction sent. An indirect instruction can be understood as the receiver determining the corresponding information based on the instruction sent by the sender, or making a judgment and determining the required operation or requested result based on the judgment result.

[0230] It is worth noting that the technologies described in this application are not limited to Long Term Evolution (LTE) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, but can also be used in other wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single-carrier Frequency-Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), or other systems. The terms "system" and "network" in this application are often used interchangeably, and the described technologies can be used in the systems and radio technologies mentioned above, as well as in other systems and radio technologies. The following description describes New Radio (NR) systems for illustrative purposes, and the term NR is used in most of the following description; however, these technologies can also be applied to systems other than NR systems, such as 6th Generation (6G) communication systems.

[0231] Figure 1 shows a block diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to an embodiment of this application. The wireless communication system includes a terminal 11 and a network-side device 12. The terminal 11 can also be referred to as User Equipment (UE), and can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop computer, notebook computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), handheld computer, netbook, ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), mobile internet device (MID), augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR) device, robot, wearable device, flight vehicle, vehicle user equipment (VUE), shipboard equipment, pedestrian user equipment (PUE), smart home (home devices with wireless communication capabilities, such as refrigerators, televisions, washing machines, or furniture), game console, personal computer (PC), ATM, or self-service machine, etc. Wearable devices include: smartwatches, smart bracelets, smart headphones, smart glasses, smart jewelry (smart bracelets, smart chains, smart rings, smart necklaces, smart anklets, smart anklets, etc.), smart wristbands, smart clothing, etc. Among these, in-vehicle devices can also be referred to as in-vehicle terminals, in-vehicle controllers, in-vehicle modules, in-vehicle components, in-vehicle chips, or in-vehicle units, etc. It should be noted that the specific type of terminal 11 is not limited in this application embodiment. Network-side equipment 12 may include access network equipment or core network equipment, wherein access network equipment may also be referred to as Radio Access Network (RAN) equipment, radio access network function, or radio access network unit. Access network equipment may include base stations, Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) access points (APs), or Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) nodes, etc.Among them, base stations can be referred to as Node B (NB), Evolved Node B (eNB), Next Generation Node B (gNB), New Radio Node B (NR Node B), Access Point, Relay Base Station (RBS), Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS), Serving Base Station (SBS), Base Transceiver Station (BTS), Radio Base Station, Radio Transceiver, Basic Service Set (BSS), Extended Service Set (ESS), Home Node B (HNB), Home Evolved Node B, Transmit / Receive Point (TRP), Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN) equipment (such as satellite or high altitude platform stations). The term "base station" can be any suitable term in the field, such as "AIOT base station," "AIOT reader," or any other appropriate term in the relevant field, as long as it achieves the same technical effect. The term "base station" is not limited to any specific technical term. It should be noted that the embodiments of this application only use the base station in the NR system as an example for introduction, and do not limit the specific type of base station.

[0232] Core network equipment, also known as core network nodes, core network functions, or core network elements, includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: Mobility Management Entity (MME), Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), Session Management Function (SMF), User Plane Function (UPF), Policy Control Function (PCF), Policy and Charging Rules Function (PCRF), Edge Application Server Discovery Function (EASDF), Unified Data Management (UDM), Unified Data Repository (UDR), Home Subscriber Server (HSS), Centralized network configuration (CNC), Network Repository Function (NRF), Network Exposure Function (NEF), Local NEF (L-NEF), and Binding Support. Functions include BSF, Application Function (AF), Location Management Function (LMF), Gateway Mobile Location Centre (GMLC), Network Data Analytics Function (NWDAF), and Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN) equipment (such as satellite or high altitude platform station).It should be noted that the embodiments of this application only use the core network equipment in the NR system as an example for introduction, and do not limit the specific type of core network equipment. If the name of the core network equipment mentioned in the embodiments of this application changes in subsequent protocol versions (e.g., 6G), it is also within the scope of protection of this application.

[0233] Optionally, the core network equipment can be implemented by one or more functional modules in a single device, or by multiple devices working together; this application does not specifically limit this. It is understood that the aforementioned functional modules can be network elements in hardware devices, software functional modules running on dedicated hardware, or virtualized functional modules instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform).

[0234] The relevant technologies associated with the embodiments of this application will be described below.

[0235] I. Types of Ambient Internet of Things (AIoT) Devices

[0236] In the 3GPP standard research on AIoT, environmental IoT devices are characterized based on their energy storage capacity and ability to generate and transmit radio frequency signals. AIoT devices include the following types:

[0237] 1) Device 1: It has no energy storage module and no independent signal generation / amplification capability. It achieves communication by backscattering the carrier signal.

[0238] 2) Device 2a: It has an energy storage module but no independent signal generation module. It transmits the signal by backscattering the carrier signal. The use of the stored energy may include amplification of the reflected signal.

[0239] 3) Device 2b: It has an energy storage module and an independent signal generation module, i.e., an active radio frequency component for transmission.

[0240] Devices with different energy storage capacities also affect their transmission quality. Generally, devices with higher energy storage capacity also mean higher receiving sensitivity or higher transmitting power, and the reliability of the receiving or transmitting link can be better guaranteed.

[0241] II. Deployment Scenarios of AIoT

[0242] AIoT can be deployed in various scenarios. Two of these scenarios are introduced below.

[0243] 1. Topology 1

[0244] AIoT base stations (BS) or AIoT readers communicate directly with AIoT devices to transmit AIoT data and signaling. The base station sending signals from the AIoT reader to the device (R2D) and the base station receiving signals from the AIoT device to the reader (D2R) can be the same or different.

[0245] 2. Topology II

[0246] The AIoT BS communicates with AIoT devices through intermediate nodes. These intermediate nodes can be user equipment (UE), repeaters, relays, integrated access and backhaul nodes (IAB nodes), etc.

[0247] The BS can control intermediate nodes through air interface signaling or other interfaces. For example, the BS can control the UE through the air interface of NR Uu.

[0248] III. D2R Sequence of A-IoT

[0249] It has been determined that a preamble will be used as the preamble sequence in the D2R link.

[0250] IV. Golay Sequence

[0251] A pair of sequences A = {a1, a2, ..., aN} and B = {b1, b2, ..., bN} of length N is called a Golay complementary sequence pair. Each sequence in this Golay complementary sequence pair can be called a Golay sequence, and the Golay complementary sequence pair can also be called a sequence pair composed of Golay sequences, or a Golay sequence pair if their autocorrelation functions satisfy the following condition:

[0252] Among them, R A (k) and R B (k) are the autocorrelation functions of sequences A and B, respectively. When k = 0, the value of the autocorrelation function is the sequence length N.

[0253] 1. Zero autocorrelation sidelobes: The sum of the autocorrelation functions of two sequences is zero at all non-zero time delays k. This characteristic is particularly important in multipath channel environments, as it can reduce interference.

[0254] 2. Power balance: The energy of the Golay sequence is concentrated at the zero-delay position, so the signal detection is more reliable.

[0255] 3. Easy to implement in hardware: Since the generation and processing of Golay sequences can be accomplished through simple recursion and logical operations, it is suitable for hardware implementation.

[0256] This application aims to propose a D2R sequence design. By using the sequence design scheme of this application, the signal type of D2R, the start position of the D2R signal, the start position of each segment after data segmentation, and the end position of the D2R signal can be implicitly determined. Furthermore, by utilizing the good complementarity and autocorrelation properties of the Golay complementary sequence, the complexity of correlation operations at the receiving end can be reduced and the detection efficiency improved.

[0257] The signal processing method, apparatus, AIoT device, and reader provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through some embodiments and application scenarios.

[0258] As shown in Figure 2, this application embodiment provides a signal processing method, including:

[0259] Step 201: The environmental IoT (AIoT) device determines the target sequence for the device-to-reader (D2R) signal based on the first information;

[0260] Step 202: The AIoT device transmits the target sequence in the transmitted or reflected D2R signal according to the target sequence;

[0261] The first information includes at least one of A11-A15:

[0262] The physical signal types of A11 and D2R signals;

[0263] A12. The location of the target sequence mapped in the D2R signal;

[0264] The message types of A13 and D2R signals;

[0265] The frequency shift values ​​used for A14 and D2R signals;

[0266] The data rates of A15 and D2R signals.

[0267] The target sequence is used to determine at least one of A21-A29:

[0268] The message types of A21 and D2R signals;

[0269] Segmentation of A22 and D2R data;

[0270] Alternatively, the segment can also be called a sub-block; this refers to segmenting the D2R data or dividing the D2R data into different sub-blocks.

[0271] The last segment of A23, D2R data transmission;

[0272] A24. The amount of data transmitted by AIoT devices;

[0273] A25. Energy status of AIoT devices;

[0274] The number of information bits remaining in A26 and D2R data transmission;

[0275] A27, D2R data transmission start position;

[0276] The end position of A28 and D2R data transmission.

[0277] Optionally, A22 and A23 can be understood as data distribution locations; A24 and A26 can be understood as data transmission status; A25 can be understood as device status; A27 can be understood as the start status of data; and A28 can be understood as the end status of data.

[0278] It should be noted that, according to the first information, the target sequence used by the D2R signal is determined; then, according to the target sequence, the target sequence is transmitted in the transmitted or reflected D2R signal, and the reader obtains the corresponding information through the received D2R signal carrying the target sequence; in this way, it can accurately indicate at least one of the following: device status, transmission status, data distribution location, data start status, and data end status, so as to ensure the reliability of AIoT communication.

[0279] For example, the ability to determine the start and end positions of data based on the target sequence of D2R signal transmission enables the reader to accurately receive data.

[0280] In one implementation, the message type of the D2R signal includes at least one of the following:

[0281] B11, A message carrying a random number; Message type 1;

[0282] Optionally, the random number can be a 16-bit random number (RN16).

[0283] Optionally, the message in this case can be message one of type one, which can be understood as message one of random access.

[0284] B12, a message carrying a random number and D2R data;

[0285] Optionally, the message in this case can be message one of type two.

[0286] B13. A message carrying the device identifier (device ID);

[0287] Optionally, the message in this case can be message three of type one, which can be understood as message three of random access.

[0288] B14. A message carrying the device identifier and a buffer status report (BSR);

[0289] Alternatively, the message in this case can be message three of type two.

[0290] B15, a message carrying an error code;

[0291] Optionally, the error code could be, for example, a memory overflow error code or a low battery error code.

[0292] Alternatively, this situation can be understood as the AIoT device reporting a status, such as reporting that the AIoT device is out of memory or that the AIoT device is low on power.

[0293] In one implementation, the physical signal type includes at least one of B11-B13:

[0294] B21, Preamble signal;

[0295] B22, Midamble signal;

[0296] B23, postamble signal.

[0297] In one implementation, the location of the target sequence mapped in the D2R signal includes at least one of the following:

[0298] B31, mapped to the preamble position;

[0299] This situation can be understood as the target sequence being mapped to the preamble position of the D2R signal.

[0300] B32, mapped to the intermediate precode position;

[0301] This situation can be understood as the target sequence being mapped to the middle preamble position of the D2R signal.

[0302] B33, mapped to the tail preamble position;

[0303] This situation can be understood as the target sequence being mapped to the tail code position of the D2R signal.

[0304] In one implementation, the target sequence is a Gray sequence.

[0305] Optionally, the Gray sequence is used in at least one of the following:

[0306] B41, Preamble;

[0307] This situation can be understood as the use of Gray sequences in the preamble.

[0308] B42, intermediate preamble;

[0309] This situation can be understood as using Gray sequences in the intermediate precode.

[0310] B43, tail code;

[0311] This situation can be understood as using a Gray sequence in the tail code.

[0312] In one implementation, the Gray sequence is used in a preamble, and a first sequence in a sequence pair consisting of the Gray sequences is mapped to a first resource position occupied by the preamble, and a second sequence in a sequence pair consisting of the Gray sequences is mapped to a second resource position occupied by the preamble.

[0313] This refers to mapping different sequences in a sequence pair consisting of Gray sequences to different resource positions of the preamble; optionally, the end position of the first resource position and the start position of the second resource position are separated by N1 resource positions, and no signals are sent to the resource positions between the first and second resource positions. The value of N1 is related to the length of the mapped sequence. Optionally, N1 can be predefined or preconfigured.

[0314] In one implementation, the Gray sequence is used in an intermediate preamble, and the first sequence in a sequence pair composed of the Gray sequences is mapped at a first resource position occupied by the intermediate preamble, and the second sequence in the sequence pair composed of the Gray sequences is mapped at a second resource position occupied by the intermediate preamble.

[0315] This refers to mapping different sequences in a sequence pair consisting of Gray sequences to different resource positions of the intermediate preamble; optionally, the end position of the first resource position and the start position of the second resource position are separated by N2 resource positions, and no signal is sent to the resource positions between the first and second resource positions. The value of N2 is related to the length of the mapped sequence. Optionally, N2 can be predefined or preconfigured.

[0316] In one implementation, the Gray sequence is used in the tail code, the first sequence in the sequence pair formed by the Gray sequence is mapped to the first resource position occupied by the tail code, and the third sequence is mapped to the second resource position occupied by the tail code. The third sequence is obtained by inverting the second sequence in the sequence pair formed by the Gray sequence.

[0317] This refers to mapping different sequences at different resource positions of the tail code, where one sequence is the inverse of the second sequence in a sequence pair composed of Gray sequences. Optionally, the end position of the first resource position and the start position of the second resource position are separated by N3 resource positions, and no signal is transmitted at the resource positions between the first and second resource positions. The value of N3 is related to the length of the mapped sequence. Optionally, N3 can be predefined or preconfigured.

[0318] For example, a sequence pair consisting of Gray sequences includes sequence A and sequence B, where sequence A is mapped at the first resource position occupied by the tail code, and sequence B is mapped at the second resource position occupied by the tail code and then inverted to obtain the sequence -B.

[0319] Optionally, the values ​​of N1, N2, and N3 can be the same or different.

[0320] In one implementation, the Gray sequence is used in both the preamble and the intermediate preamble, including one of the following:

[0321] C11. Map the sequence determined by the sequence pairs composed of the Gray sequence into the resources occupied by the preamble and the intermediate preamble respectively;

[0322] Optionally, the sequence determined by the sequence pair composed of the Gray sequences can be understood as a sequence obtained by splicing or combining the sequences in the sequence pair. For example, if the sequence pair composed of Gray sequences includes sequence A and sequence B, then the resources occupied by the preamble and intermediate preamble are mapped to the sequence obtained by splicing sequence A and sequence B.

[0323] This situation can be understood as the resource positions occupied by the preamble and the intermediate preamble mapping to the same sequence or different sequences; for example, the resource positions occupied by the preamble are mapped to sequence 1 determined by sequence pair 1 of Gray sequences, and the resource positions occupied by the intermediate preamble are mapped to sequence 2 determined by sequence pair 2 of Gray sequences; or, the resource positions occupied by the preamble are mapped to sequence 1 determined by sequence pair 1 of Gray sequences, and the resource positions occupied by the intermediate preamble are mapped to sequence 1 determined by sequence pair 1 of Gray sequences.

[0324] C12. Map the first sequence in the sequence pair formed by the Gray sequences to the resources occupied by the preamble, and map the second sequence in the sequence pair formed by the Gray sequences to the resources occupied by the intermediate preamble.

[0325] This can be understood as follows: the preamble and the intermediate preamble each map to one of the sequences in a sequence pair consisting of Gray sequences; for example, the sequence pair consisting of Gray sequences includes sequence A and sequence B, where sequence A is mapped in the resources occupied by the preamble and sequence B is mapped in the resources occupied by the intermediate preamble.

[0326] Furthermore, when the resources occupied by the preamble and intermediate preamble are respectively mapped to sequences determined by sequence pairs composed of the Gray sequences, if there are multiple intermediate preambles, the mapping rules for the Gray sequences include:

[0327] The same first target sequence is mapped on all intermediate precodes except the last intermediate precode, and the complementary sequence of the first target sequence is mapped on the last intermediate precode.

[0328] The first target sequence is determined by a sequence pair consisting of the Gray sequence.

[0329] It should be noted that in this case, there can be multiple intermediate codes. In this case, the sequence mapped by the last intermediate code is different from the sequence mapped by the previous intermediate codes. For example, if there are a total of 3 intermediate codes, the sequence formed by mapping the first two intermediate codes to Gray sequences is sequence 1, and the sequence mapped by the last intermediate code is the complementary sequence of sequence 1.

[0330] In one implementation, the Gray sequence is used in the preamble and tail code, including one of the following:

[0331] C21. Map the second target sequence into the resources occupied by the preamble and the tail code respectively, wherein the second target sequence is determined by the sequence pairs composed of the Gray sequence;

[0332] This situation can be understood as the preamble and tail code occupying resource positions that map to the same sequence or different sequences; for example, the resource position occupied by the preamble maps to sequence 1 determined by sequence pair 1 of Gray sequences, and the resource position occupied by the tail code maps to sequence 2 determined by sequence pair 2 of Gray sequences; or, the resource position occupied by the preamble maps to sequence 1 determined by sequence pair 1 of Gray sequences, and the resource position occupied by the tail code maps to sequence 1 determined by sequence pair 1 of Gray sequences.

[0333] C22. Map the first sequence in the sequence pair formed by the Gray sequences to the resources occupied by the preamble, and map the second sequence in the sequence pair formed by the Gray sequences to the resources occupied by the tail code.

[0334] This can be understood as the preamble and tail code each mapping to one sequence in a sequence pair formed by Gray sequences; for example, a sequence pair formed by Gray sequences includes sequence A and sequence B, where sequence A is mapped in the resources occupied by the preamble and sequence B is mapped in the resources occupied by the tail code.

[0335] In one implementation, the Gray sequence is used in the intermediate and tail preambles, including:

[0336] The resources occupied by the intermediate and tail codes are respectively mapped to the sequence determined by the sequence pairs composed of the Gray sequence.

[0337] This situation can be understood as the intermediate code and the tail code occupying resource positions that map to the same sequence or different sequences; for example, the resource position occupied by the intermediate code maps to sequence 1 determined by sequence pair 1 of Gray sequences, and the resource position occupied by the tail code maps to sequence 2 determined by sequence pair 2 of Gray sequences; or, the resource position occupied by the intermediate code maps to sequence 1 determined by sequence pair 1 of Gray sequences, and the resource position occupied by the tail code maps to sequence 1 determined by sequence pair 1 of Gray sequences.

[0338] Furthermore, when multiple intermediate preambles exist, the mapping rule for the Gray sequence includes one of the following:

[0339] C31. A third target sequence is mapped to the same sequence in multiple intermediate precodes, and a complementary sequence of the third target sequence is mapped to the tail precode, wherein the third target sequence is determined by a sequence pair composed of the Gray sequence;

[0340] It should be noted that if there are multiple intermediate precodes, all intermediate precodes map to the same sequence, while the tail precode maps to a different sequence than the intermediate precodes. That is, the tail precode maps to the complementary sequence of the intermediate precodes.

[0341] C32. The last intermediate code in a plurality of intermediate codes is mapped to a fourth target sequence, and the tail code is mapped to a complementary sequence of the fourth target sequence used by the last intermediate code, wherein the fourth target sequence mapped by the last intermediate code is different from the sequences mapped by the other intermediate codes, and the fourth target sequence is determined by a sequence pair composed of the Gray sequences;

[0342] In this case, if there are multiple intermediate precodes, the sequence mapped on the last intermediate precode is different from the sequences mapped on the other intermediate precodes, and the sequence mapped on the tail precode is different from the sequence mapped on the last intermediate precode. It maps to the complementary sequence of the sequence mapped on the last intermediate precode.

[0343] It should be noted that the Gray sequence mentioned in the embodiments of this application includes the following:

[0344] D11. At least one of the two basis sequences that satisfy the autocorrelation property;

[0345] This can be understood as follows: if one base sequence and another base sequence satisfy good autocorrelation properties, then these two base sequences constitute a Gray sequence pair; for example, if base sequence A and base sequence B satisfy good autocorrelation properties, then base sequence A and base sequence B constitute a Gray sequence pair, and each sequence in the Gray sequence pair can be called a Gray sequence.

[0346] D12. At least one new sequence formed by expanding two base sequences that satisfy autocorrelation properties, wherein the at least one new sequence satisfies complementarity properties or autocorrelation properties;

[0347] For example, if base sequence A and base sequence B are complementary sequences, the new sequences C = [AB] and D = [AB] formed by these two sequences are also complementary sequences. In these sequences, part of sequence C and part of sequence D use base sequence A, and the other part uses base sequence B and the inverse of base sequence B, i.e., -B.

[0348] Optionally, in one implementation, determining the target sequence used for the D2R signal based on the frequency shift value includes at least one of the following:

[0349] E11. Based on the backscattering frequency, the target sequence used by the D2R signal is determined to be X fourth sequences. X is related to the reflection and scattering frequency, and different values ​​of X correspond to different backscattering frequencies.

[0350] The backscattering frequency is determined based on the value of the frequency shift.

[0351] It should be noted that this situation can be understood as the fourth sequence being repeatedly mapped on the D2R signal; optionally, the fourth sequence is a sequence composed of sequences in a Gray sequence pair, a sequence in a Gray sequence pair, or a sequence obtained by extending a sequence in a Gray sequence pair.

[0352] For example, when the backscattering frequency of D2R is f1, the sequence used by D2R is a fourth sequence.

[0353] For example, when the backscattering frequency of D2R is 2×f1, the sequence used by D2R is a series of fourth sequences (i.e., a repeat sequence composed of multiple fourth sequences), and the number of fourth sequences can be determined based on the backscattering frequency.

[0354] E12. Based on the backscattering frequency, the target sequence used for the D2R signal is determined to be an extended sequence. The extended sequence is determined based on the fifth and sixth sequences. Different backscattering frequencies correspond to different extended sequences.

[0355] Optionally, the extended sequence can be a sequence obtained by extending a Gray sequence pair (i.e., the fifth and sixth sequences constitute a Gray sequence pair), or it can be a sequence obtained by extending a non-Gray sequence (i.e., the fifth and sixth sequences are not Gray sequences).

[0356] For example, when the backscattering frequency of D2R is f1, the target sequence used by D2R is a spliced ​​sequence composed of sequence a and sequence b, i.e., [a|b].

[0357] For example, when the backscattering frequency of D2R is 2×f1, the target sequence used by D2R is a spliced ​​sequence composed of sequence C and sequence D, i.e. [C|D], where the construction rule of sequence C can be: C=[a|b], and the construction rule of sequence D can be: [a|-b].

[0358] For example, when the backscattering frequency of D2R is 4×f1, the target sequence used by D2R is a spliced ​​sequence composed of sequence E and sequence F, i.e. [E|F]. The construction rule of sequence E can be: E=[C|D], and the construction rule of sequence F can be: F=[C|-D].

[0359] In this context, [C|D] means concatenating sequence C and sequence D. The same applies to other sequences, so we will not elaborate further.

[0360] Optionally, the reader mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be a terminal or an AIoT network device (e.g., an AIoT base station); alternatively, the reader can also be referred to as an AIoT reader.

[0361] Optionally, the reader receives a D2R signal carrying a target sequence sent by an AIoT device in the environment;

[0362] Based on the target sequence, determine the target information;

[0363] The target information includes at least one of the following:

[0364] The physical signal types of F11 and D2R signals;

[0365] F12, the position of the target sequence mapped in the D2R signal;

[0366] F13 and D2R signal message types;

[0367] Segmentation of F14 and D2R data;

[0368] The last segment of F15, D2R data transmission;

[0369] F16, the amount of data transmitted by AIoT devices;

[0370] F17, Energy Status of AIoT Devices;

[0371] The number of remaining information bits for F18 and D2R data transmission.

[0372] Optionally, the reader determines target information based on the target sequence, including:

[0373] The reader performs correlation processing on the seventh sequence and the received target sequence to determine the target information;

[0374] Optionally, the seventh sequence can be a base sequence maintained or stored on the reader side.

[0375] The relevant processing includes at least one of the following:

[0376] F21. Perform correlation at the preamble position, adding or subtracting the correlation values ​​in different windows;

[0377] F22. Perform correlation at the intermediate precode position, adding or subtracting the correlation values ​​in different windows;

[0378] F23. Perform correlation at the tail code position, adding or subtracting the correlation values ​​in different windows.

[0379] The specific applications of the embodiments of this application are illustrated below with examples.

[0380] Application Scenario 1: Mapping a target sequence to a preamble

[0381] In one embodiment, the AIoT device determines the target sequence for the D2R signal based on the first information, and the target sequence may have at least one of the following functions:

[0382] G11. Determine the start position of D2R data transmission;

[0383] G12. Determine the message type of the D2R signal, wherein the message type of the D2R signal can be at least one of the following:

[0384] i. A message carrying a random number;

[0385] ii. A message carrying a random number and D2R data;

[0386] iii. A message carrying the device identifier;

[0387] iv. A message carrying the device identifier and cache status report (BSR).

[0388] Specifically, the first information may include at least one of the following:

[0389] a) The physical signal type of the D2R signal;

[0390] b) The location of the target sequence mapped in the D2R signal;

[0391] c) Message type of D2R signal;

[0392] d) The value of the frequency shift used in the D2R signal;

[0393] For example, the frequency shift can be a small frequency shift, which is less than MHz, such as a frequency shift in kHz.

[0394] e) Data rate of D2R signal.

[0395] In D2R signals, AIoT devices use a sequence determined by sequence pairs composed of Golay sequences (also known as Golay complementary sequence pairs or Golay sequence pairs) as the target sequence. The sequence mapping position is the preamble position. For example, the length of the sequence before encoding is 16, 32, or 63. These are just a few examples, but not limited to these lengths. The specific length can be predefined and preconfigured. The specific mapping method is as follows:

[0396] Taking a 32-digit golay sequence as an example, one candidate sequence could be:

[0397] Sequence A: [1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1 -1 1]

[0398] Sequence B: [1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 1 -1]

[0399] Sequence A and sequence B are a pair of complementary Golay sequences that satisfy autocorrelation properties, as shown in Figure 3. Then, sequence A and sequence B are mapped to the preamble according to the following mapping rules, as shown in Figure 4.

[0400] The mapping rule is as follows: the length of the mapping interval N1 between sequence A and sequence B. During actual sequence transmission, no information is transmitted between the resources of sequence A and sequence B. The length of the mapping interval N1 is equal to the length of sequence A or B. When encoding the sequence or performing square wave modulation with a small frequency shift, the length of the mapping interval N1 is equal to the length of sequence A × P, where P can be determined based on the small frequency shift used in D2R. For example, when the small frequency shift = 40 kHz, P = 1; when the small frequency shift = 80 kHz, P = 2, and so on.

[0401] The AIoT device sends the Preamble sequence according to the above-mentioned instruction format. The AIoT reader maintains two sequence detection windows at the receiving end, and the distance between the two detection windows is N1, as shown in Figure 5.

[0402] When the received Preamble sequence perfectly matches both detection windows, the correlation value between the sequence maintained by the AIoT reader (e.g., the maintained base sequence) and the Preamble sequence sent by the AIoT device will have its maximum peak. Therefore, this peak can be used to determine the start position of the data. Only when the timing point is accurate can data demodulation be completed correctly. This implementation method effectively improves the accuracy of data demodulation. This design method can also be used in midamble or postamble algorithms.

[0403] For example, in one embodiment, the sequence type and / or sequence length used by D2R are determined by the magnitude of the small frequency shift. For example, the use of a repeating sequence: when the backscattering frequency used by D2R is f1, the sequence used by D2R is sequence [A]; when the backscattering frequency used by D2R is 2×f1, the sequence used by D2R is a repeating sequence of the sequence, such as [AA].

[0404] For example, in one embodiment, the sequence is extended. When the backscattering frequency of D2R is f1, the sequence used in D2R is a concatenation of sequences A and B, forming the sequence [A|B]. The length of the new sequence is the sum of the lengths of sequences A and B. When the backscattering frequency of D2R is 2×f1, the sequences used in D2R are sequences C and D. The construction rule for sequence C can be: C = [A|B], and the construction rule for sequence D can be: D = [A|-B]. When the backscattering frequency of D2R is 4×f1, the sequences used in D2R are sequences E and F. The construction rule for sequence E can be: E = [C|D], and the construction rule for sequence F can be: F = [C|-D].

[0405] Using the above sequence construction method, new sequences of different lengths can be constructed from base sequence A and base sequence B. The new sequences satisfy the complementary properties and can be matched with the backscattering frequency or the data rate used by the D2R link.

[0406] For example, one embodiment distinguishes the error codes reported by AIoT devices based on the mapped sequence type. For instance, sequence [AB] indicates a reported error code of memory overflow, while sequence [AB] indicates a reported error code of insufficient battery. This is done when the base sequence is maintained by the AIoT reader.<A,B> When correlating with the received backscattered signal, if the sum of the correlation values ​​within the two windows reaches a maximum value (A×A + B×B), the reported error code is memory overflow. Conversely, if the difference between the correlation values ​​within the two windows reaches a maximum value (A×A - (B×(-B)) = A×A + B×B), the reported error code is low battery. The advantage of this implementation is that it uses a base sequence...<A,B> This allows for the indication of two different reported error codes, saving sequence overhead.

[0407] For example, one embodiment distinguishes the energy status reported by the AIoT device based on the mapped sequence type. For instance, sequence [AB] indicates a reported energy status of full charge, while sequence [AB] indicates a reported energy status of low charge. This is done when the base sequence is maintained by the AIoT reader.<A,B> When correlating with the received backscattered signal, if the sum of the correlation values ​​within the two windows reaches a maximum value (A×A + B×B), it indicates that the AIoT device has sufficient energy to support subsequent communication needs. Conversely, if the difference between the correlation values ​​within the two windows reaches a maximum value (A×A - (B×(-B)) = A×A + B×B), it indicates that the reported AIoT device has insufficient energy to support subsequent communication, requiring the AIoT reader to charge the device. The advantage of this implementation is that it uses a base sequence...<A,B> This allows for the indication of two different energy states, saving sequence overhead.

[0408] Another implementation distinguishes the size of the data reported by the AIoT device based on the mapped sequence type. For example, sequence [AB] indicates a reported data size of 1, while sequence [AB] indicates a reported data size of 2. This is done when the base sequence is maintained by the AIoT reader.<A,B> When correlating with the received backscattered signal, the maximum value is found when the correlation values ​​within the two windows are added together: A×A + B×B. This indicates that the data size transmitted by the AIoT device at this point is Data size 1. Conversely, the maximum value is found when the correlation values ​​within the two windows are subtracted: A×A - (B×(-B)) = A×A + B×B. This indicates that the reported data size transmitted by the AIoT device at this point is Data size 2. The advantage of this implementation is that it uses a base sequence...<A,B> This allows the reader to indicate two different data transmission sizes, saving sequence overhead and enabling the AIoT reader to know the amount of data transmitted by the AIoT device.

[0409] For example, one embodiment distinguishes the amount of implicitly indicated AIoT data to be transmitted based on the mapped sequence type. For instance, sequence [AB] indicates that the remaining data to be transmitted by the AIoT device is greater than a data volume threshold, while sequence [AB] indicates that the remaining data to be transmitted by the AIoT device is less than a data volume threshold. This is done when the base sequence maintained by the AIoT reader...<A,B> When correlating the received backscattered signal, if the sum of the correlation values ​​within the two windows reaches a maximum value (A×A + B×B), it indicates that the amount of data to be transmitted by the AIoT device is greater than the data volume threshold, meaning the AIoT device still has a lot of data to transmit. Conversely, if the difference between the correlation values ​​within the two windows reaches a maximum value (A×A - (B×(-B)) = A×A + B×B), it indicates that the reported amount of data to be transmitted by the AIoT device is less than the data volume threshold, meaning the amount of data to be transmitted by the AIoT device is relatively small.

[0410] Application Scenario 2: Mapping the target sequence to a preamble for message type indication in D2R signals

[0411] Another embodiment is to implicitly indicate the message type of the D2R signal by mapping different sequences in the preamble. For example, the sequence determined by the sequence pair consisting of Gray sequences in the preamble mapping, i.e. the sequence obtained by splicing sequence A and sequence B, is used to indicate that the message type of the D2R signal is a message carrying RN16, as shown in Figure 6.

[0412] Alternatively, a complementary sequence can be mapped in the preamble, i.e., the inversion of sequence A and sequence B, i.e., -B, to indicate that the message type of the D2R signal is a message carrying RN16 and Data, as shown in Figure 7.

[0413] On the AIoT reader side, a sliding correlation is performed between the base sequence A and base sequence B, which are sequence pairs constructed using Gray sequences, and the received signal. When the sum of the sliding correlation values ​​within the two windows reaches a maximum value, i.e., A×A + B×B = A^2 + B^2, it indicates that the D2R signal type at this time is RN16. When the difference between the sliding correlation values ​​within the two windows reaches a maximum value, i.e., A×A - (B×(-B)) = A^2 + B^2, it indicates that the message type of the D2R signal at this time is a message carrying RN16 and data.

[0414] For example, one embodiment is to indicate different message3 types by mapping different sequence types in the preamble.

[0415] This application, through the embodiments of this application, can conveniently indicate the message type of the D2R signal through different sequence types, and when performing related operations, only one operation method is used, which involves only one multiplication and two additions (one addition and one subtraction, where subtraction can also be classified as an addition operation), thereby reducing the number of multiplication operations at the receiving end, thereby reducing computational complexity and improving efficiency.

[0416] Application Scenario 3: Mapping the target sequence to preamble and intermediate preamble

[0417] For example, one embodiment maps the golay sequence to a preamble and an intermediate preamble, meaning that the AIoT device uses both a preamble and an intermediate preamble, and the preamble and intermediate preamble use different sequences from the same golay sequence pair, as shown in Figure 8.

[0418] Sequences A and B are Gray complementary sequence pairs. The local basis sequence pair maintained by the AIoT reader is correlated with the backscattered signal received from the AIoT device. When the locally maintained basis sequence pair and the received signal sequence are perfectly matched within two windows, autocorrelation is performed separately in each window, and then the autocorrelation values ​​are added together. A maximum peak will appear. For example, when the local sequence pair and the received signal sequences A and B are perfectly aligned, a peak A×A+B×B will appear. At this point, the starting point of the received signal data and the starting point of the intermediate preamble signal can be determined based on the position of this peak. The advantage of using this sequence pair is that it can easily generate two complementary sequences and has good autocorrelation characteristics, enabling the determination of the starting point of the data and the starting point of the segmented data after segmentation.

[0419] Application Scenario 4: Mapping the target sequence to a preamble and multiple intermediate preambles

[0420] For example, in one embodiment, there is a preamble and multiple intermediate preambles, as shown in Figure 9.

[0421] The sequence used for the last intermediate preamble and the sequence used for the previous intermediate preamble are obtained by concatenating sequences from the Golay complementary sequence pair. For example, the sequence used for the last intermediate preamble is [CD], and the sequence used for the intermediate preamble before the last intermediate preamble is [CD]. A base sequence pair is maintained at the AIoT reader receiver.<C,D> The basis sequence pair is correlated with the received D2R signal within the corresponding window.<C,D> Within the relevant window, perform correlation operations and then add them together. When the sum of the correlation operation values ​​reaches a maximum value, i.e., C×C + D×D = C^2 + D^2, it proves that the starting point of the data is the beginning of some midamble. When the subtraction of the correlation operation values ​​reaches a maximum value, i.e., C×C - (D×(-D)) = C^2 + D^2, it proves that the starting point of the data is the beginning of the last segment of the entire transmitted data block. The advantage of this implementation is that, by using the complementary and correlation properties of sequences, and correlating a base sequence with the received signal, it is possible to distinguish whether the received data segment is a middle data segment or the last data segment.

[0422] Application Scenario 5: Mapping the target sequence to preamble and tail code

[0423] For example, in one embodiment, a sequence pair consisting of a golay sequence is applied to the preamble and the tail code, that is, the AIoT device is instructed to use both the preamble and the intermediate code at the same time, and the preamble and the tail code use different sequences in the same gray sequence pair, as shown in Figure 10.

[0424] Sequences A and B are a pair of Gray complementary sequences. The AIoT reader correlates the locally maintained base sequence pair with the backscattered signal from the received AIoT device. When the locally maintained base sequence pair and the received signal sequence are perfectly matched within two windows, autocorrelation is performed separately in each window, and the autocorrelation values ​​are summed. A maximum peak will appear. For example, when the local sequence pair and the received signal sequences A and B are perfectly aligned, a peak A×A+B×B will appear. The starting and ending points of the received signal can be determined based on the position of this peak. The advantage of using this sequence pair is that it facilitates the generation of two complementary sequences and has good autocorrelation characteristics, which helps in determining the timing of data transmission.

[0425] Application Scenario 6: Mapping to Preamble, Middle Preamble, and Tail Preamble

[0426] For example, in one embodiment, the sequence determined by the sequence pairs composed of the golay sequence is mapped to the preamble, intermediate preamble and tail preamble, and the resulting channel structure is shown in Figure 11.

[0427] In Figure 11, the preamble, intermediate preamble, and tail preamble are determined by sequence pairs composed of Golay sequences, where the preamble sequence is a pair of complementary Golay sequences.<A,B> After being concatenated, the intermediate precode is a pair of Gray complement sequences.<C,D> After being concatenated, the tail code is a pair of Gray complement sequences.<C,D> After inverting the second sequence, the following is formed:<C,-D> The sequence pairs are then concatenated before use. The overall structure is as follows:

[0428] [AB] concatenation forms a Preamble sequence, [CD] concatenation forms a Midamble sequence, and [CD] concatenation forms a Postamble sequence.

[0429] At the AIoT reader receiver, two pairs of Golay complementary basis sequence pairs are maintained.<A,B> and<C,D> And within three windows, autocorrelation is calculated when it is related to the sequence base sequence.<A,B> When the related operations reach a maximum value, i.e., A×A+B×B=A^2+B^2, it proves that the starting point of the data at this time is the beginning position of the preamble, when combined with the base sequence.<C,D> When the related operation reaches a maximum value, i.e., C×C+D×D=C^2+D^2, it proves that the starting point of the data is the beginning position of the midamble. When C×C-(D×(-D))=C^2+D^2 appears, it proves that the starting point of the data is the postamble position.

[0430] The advantage of this implementation is that when the midamble sequence pair uses a sequence pair complementary to the postamble, the multiplication operations in the correlation operations can be reduced at the receiving end, thus lowering the computational complexity of the correlation operations.

[0431] This situation can also distinguish whether the current data position is midamble or postamble.

[0432] Application Scenario 7: Mapping a target sequence to a preamble, multiple intermediate preambles, and a tail preamble.

[0433] For example, one embodiment has multiple midambles that segment the data of the D2R signal.

[0434] At this point, we can design Gray complementary sequence pairs of different lengths. That is, the length of the Preamble sequence pair is N, and the lengths of the Midamble and Postamble are M. We can design sequence pairs where M is less than or equal to N to reduce the overhead of the Midamble, while maintaining the most used base sequence pair in the last Midamble.<E,F> The base sequence used is the same as that used in postamble, but the second base sequence used in postamble is inverted. That is, the base sequence F is inverted to form -F, and then it is concatenated with the base sequence E to form a postamble, as shown in Figure 12.

[0435] The advantage of this implementation is that when the midamble sequence pair uses a sequence pair complementary to the postamble, the multiplication operations in the correlation operations can be reduced at the receiving end, thus lowering the computational complexity of the correlation operations.

[0436] This method can also distinguish whether the current data position is the last midamble or the postamble, and thus determine which segment of the entire data is the current data transmission segment.

[0437] For example, one embodiment is the existence of multiple midambles, where the midambles use the same sequence and the base sequence of the midamble is the same as that of the postamble, as shown in Figure 13.

[0438] Utilizing Golay base sequence pairs at the AIoT reader receiver<C,D> Correlate the received signal. When C×C + D×D = C² + D², it indicates that the data point is at a midamble position. If there are multiple midambles, multiple autocorrelation peaks will appear through sliding correlation. When C×C + D×(-D) has a small value, and C×C - (D×(-D)) = C×C + D×D has a peak, it indicates that the data point is at a postamble position. The advantage of this implementation is that it utilizes the good correlation properties of Golay complementary sequences, using the same base sequence at both the midamble and postamble positions.<C,D> The difference is that the second sequence used at the postamble position is the inverse of the base sequence, which saves the overhead of sequence type and reduces the complexity of related detection at the receiving end.

[0439] It should be noted that, through the design of the D2R sequence in this application embodiment, the good autocorrelation characteristics of the sequence can be utilized to effectively perform correlation detection at the receiving end, and the data type can be determined based on the magnitude of the detection value (for example, based on the calculation of the correlation value, it can be determined whether the D2R signal carries an RN16 message or a message type carrying RN16 and data). At the same time, the start position of the data, the end position of the data, and the start position of the last segment of the data can also be determined based on the determination of the correlation value. Furthermore, by utilizing the good complementary characteristics of the sequence, the number of multiplication operations at the receiving end can be reduced, the complexity of the correlation operation can be reduced, and the reliability of AIoT communication can be improved.

[0440] As shown in Figure 14, this application embodiment provides a signal processing method, including:

[0441] Step 1401: The reader receives a D2R signal carrying the target sequence sent by an AIoT device in the environment;

[0442] Step 1402: Determine target information based on the target sequence;

[0443] The target information includes at least one of the following:

[0444] The physical signal type of a D2R signal;

[0445] The location of the target sequence mapped in the D2R signal;

[0446] The message type of the D2R signal;

[0447] Segmentation of D2R data;

[0448] The last segment of D2R data transmission;

[0449] The amount of data transmitted by AIoT devices;

[0450] Energy status of AIoT devices;

[0451] The number of information bits remaining in D2R data transmission.

[0452] Optionally, the physical signal type includes at least one of the following:

[0453] Preamble signal;

[0454] Intermediate preamble signal;

[0455] Tail preamble signal.

[0456] Optionally, the location where the target sequence is mapped in the D2R signal includes at least one of the following:

[0457] Mapped to the preamble position;

[0458] Mapped to the intermediate precode position;

[0459] Mapped to the tail code position.

[0460] Optionally, the message type of the D2R signal includes at least one of the following:

[0461] A message carrying a random number;

[0462] A message carrying random numbers and D2R data;

[0463] A message carrying the device identifier;

[0464] A message carrying the device identifier and cache status report (BSR);

[0465] A message carrying an error code.

[0466] Optionally, determining the target information based on the target sequence includes:

[0467] The reader performs correlation processing on the seventh sequence and the received target sequence to determine the target information;

[0468] The relevant processing includes at least one of the following:

[0469] Correlation is performed at the preamble position, and the correlation values ​​in different windows are added or subtracted;

[0470] Correlation is performed at the intermediate precode position, adding or subtracting the correlation values ​​in different windows;

[0471] Correlation is performed at the tail code position, and the correlation values ​​in different windows are added or subtracted.

[0472] Optionally, the reader may include at least one of the following types:

[0473] terminal;

[0474] AIoT network devices.

[0475] It should be noted that all descriptions of the reader side in the above embodiments are applicable to the embodiments of the signal processing method applied to the reader side, and can achieve the same technical effect, so they will not be repeated here.

[0476] As shown in Figure 15, this application embodiment provides a signal processing method, including:

[0477] Step 1501: The AIoT device receives control information sent by the reader, the control information being used to indicate the transmission parameters used by the target sequence;

[0478] Step 1502: The AIoT device generates a D2R signal containing the target sequence based on the transmission parameters.

[0479] Step 1503: The AIoT device sends the D2R signal to the reader;

[0480] The target sequence includes at least one of the following:

[0481] preamble sequence;

[0482] Intermediate precode sequence;

[0483] Tail preamble sequence;

[0484] The transmission parameters include at least one of the following:

[0485] H11, the length of the target sequence;

[0486] H12, the density of the target sequence;

[0487] Alternatively, the density can be understood as the number of times the target sequence is transmitted in the D2R signal, such as transmitting a midamble in the D2R signal. The greater the number of times the midamble is transmitted, the greater the density.

[0488] H13, the interval between target sequences;

[0489] H14, the starting position of the intermediate preamble sequence transmission;

[0490] Whether the H15 and tail preamble sequence are transmitted;

[0491] H16, the line code encoding method of the target sequence;

[0492] H17, the repetition parameter of the target sequence;

[0493] H18, the frequency shifting parameters of the target sequence;

[0494] H19, the chip length of the target sequence.

[0495] It should be noted that how to enable AIoT devices to obtain optimal transmission performance and improve the reliability of AIoT communication is an urgent problem to be solved. In the embodiments of this application, the AIoT device receives control information and generates a D2R signal containing the target sequence based on the control information. By using the control information, it can be ensured that the AIoT device transmits the D2R signal with optimal transmission performance, thereby improving the flexibility and reliability of AIoT communication.

[0496] Optionally, the transmission parameters are indicated in the form of a combination of parameters, that is, the control information indicates at least two of H11-H18.

[0497] For example, the parameter combination includes at least one of the following:

[0498] H21, a combination of sequence length and sequence density;

[0499] A combination of H22, sequence length, and target sequence spacing;

[0500] H23, a combination of preamble sequence length, intermediate preamble sequence length, target sequence interval, and tail preamble sequence;

[0501] H24 is a combination of preamble sequence length, intermediate preamble sequence length, target sequence interval, and indication information regarding whether the tail preamble is transmitted.

[0502] Optionally, the above parameter combination can be described as a pattern for the transmission of the target sequence. The protocol can define multiple patterns. The corresponding target sequence transmission pattern is indicated by a code point or bitmap of the control information.

[0503] In one implementation, the length of the target sequence includes:

[0504] If the target sequence consists of at least two subsequences, the length of the target sequence satisfies one of the following conditions:

[0505] The length of the target sequence is the length of one of the at least two subsequences;

[0506] The length of the target sequence is the length of a portion of the at least two subsequences;

[0507] The length of the target sequence is the length of all subsequences in the at least two subsequences.

[0508] For example, a preamble sequence can be divided into two parts:

[0509] The first part, that is, a subsequence, is a simple on / off / on / off... or a 101010... sequence;

[0510] The second part, another subsequence, is a sequence generated based on the golay sequence.

[0511] The length of the preamble sequence can be the length of the first part, the length of the second part, or the length of both parts.

[0512] In one implementation, the line code encoding method of the target sequence includes: whether to perform line code encoding;

[0513] The line code encoding includes at least one of the following: Manchester encoding, Miller encoding, and Frequency Modulation Zero (FM0) encoding (also known as Bi-Phase Space Coding).

[0514] In one implementation, the frequency shifting parameters of the target sequence include at least one of the following:

[0515] Whether to perform a frequency shift;

[0516] Frequency of frequency switching.

[0517] In one implementation, the repetition parameter of the target sequence includes at least one of the following:

[0518] Does it need to be transmitted repeatedly?

[0519] Number of repeated transmissions.

[0520] It should be noted that, in different situations, the parameters corresponding to the optimal transmission performance of the AIoT device are different in this embodiment of the application; the reader can flexibly indicate the transmission parameters of preamble, midamble, and postamble according to the target transmission performance and resource allocation; thereby improving the flexibility and reliability of AIoT communication.

[0521] As shown in Figure 16, this application embodiment provides a signal processing method, including:

[0522] Step 1601: The reader sends control information to the AIoT device, the control information being used to indicate the transmission parameters used by the target sequence;

[0523] Step 1602: Receive a D2R signal containing a target sequence sent by an AIoT device, wherein the D2R signal is generated by the AIoT device based on the transmission parameters;

[0524] The target sequence includes at least one of the following:

[0525] preamble sequence;

[0526] Intermediate precode sequence;

[0527] Tail preamble sequence;

[0528] The transmission parameters include at least one of the following:

[0529] The length of the target sequence;

[0530] Density of the target sequence;

[0531] The interval between target sequences;

[0532] The starting position of the intermediate preamble sequence transmission;

[0533] Whether the tail preamble sequence is transmitted;

[0534] The line code encoding method of the target sequence;

[0535] The repetition parameter of the target sequence;

[0536] Frequency shifting parameters of the target sequence;

[0537] Chip length of the target sequence.

[0538] Optionally, the transmission parameters are indicated in the form of a combination of parameters, that is, the control information indicates at least two of the parameters included in the above transmission parameters.

[0539] For example, the parameter combination includes at least one of the following:

[0540] A combination of sequence length and sequence density;

[0541] A combination of sequence length and target sequence spacing;

[0542] The combination of preamble sequence length, intermediate preamble sequence length, target sequence interval, and tail preamble sequence;

[0543] A combination of preamble sequence length, intermediate preamble sequence length, target sequence interval, and indication information regarding whether the tail preamble is transmitted.

[0544] Optionally, the above parameter combination can be described as a pattern for the transmission of the target sequence, and the protocol can define multiple patterns. The corresponding target sequence transmission pattern is indicated by a code point or bitmap in the control information.

[0545] In one implementation, the length of the target sequence includes:

[0546] If the target sequence consists of at least two subsequences, the length of the target sequence satisfies one of the following conditions:

[0547] The length of the target sequence is the length of one of the at least two subsequences;

[0548] The length of the target sequence is the length of a portion of the at least two subsequences;

[0549] The length of the target sequence is the length of all subsequences in the at least two subsequences.

[0550] In one implementation, the line code encoding method of the target sequence includes: whether to perform line code encoding;

[0551] The line code encoding includes at least one of the following: Manchester encoding, Miller encoding, and FM0 encoding.

[0552] In one implementation, the frequency shifting parameters of the target sequence include at least one of the following:

[0553] Should frequency shifting be performed?

[0554] Frequency of frequency switching.

[0555] In one implementation, the repetition parameter of the target sequence includes at least one of the following:

[0556] Does it need to be transmitted repeatedly?

[0557] Number of repeated transmissions.

[0558] It should be noted that, in different situations, the parameters corresponding to the optimal transmission performance of the AIoT device are different in this embodiment of the application; the reader can flexibly indicate the transmission parameters of preamble, midamble, and postamble according to the target transmission performance and resource allocation; thereby improving the flexibility of AIoT communication.

[0559] The signal processing method provided in this application can be executed by a signal processing device. This application uses an example of a signal processing device executing the signal processing method to illustrate the signal processing device provided in this application.

[0560] This application provides a signal processing apparatus. As an example, the signal processing apparatus may be a communication device or a component within a communication device, such as a chip. The communication device may be a terminal, a network-side device, or a server, etc. Exemplarily, the terminal may include, but is not limited to, the type of terminal 11 listed above, and the network-side device may include, but is not limited to, the type of network-side device 12 listed above. This application does not impose specific limitations.

[0561] The signal processing device includes a receiving module, a transmitting module, and a processing module. These modules can be implemented in software or hardware. When implemented in hardware, the processing module can be implemented by a processor. For example, the processor can include general-purpose processors, special-purpose processors, etc., such as central processing units (CPUs), microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs), artificial intelligence (AI) processors, graphics processing units (GPUs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), network processors (NPs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, gate circuits, transistors, discrete hardware components, etc. The receiving and transmitting modules can be implemented by a communication interface, which can include one or more of the following: transceivers, pins, circuits, buses, radio frequency units, etc.

[0562] Specifically, referring to Figure 17, when the signal processing device is an AIoT device or a component in an AIoT device, the signal processing device 1700 includes:

[0563] The first processing module 1701 is used to determine the target sequence used for the device-to-reader D2R signal based on the first information;

[0564] The second processing module 1702 is used to transmit the target sequence in the transmitted or reflected D2R signal according to the target sequence;

[0565] The first information includes at least one of the following:

[0566] The physical signal type of a D2R signal;

[0567] The location of the target sequence mapped in the D2R signal;

[0568] The message type of the D2R signal;

[0569] The frequency shift value used in the D2R signal;

[0570] Data rate of D2R signal;

[0571] The target sequence is used to determine at least one of the following:

[0572] The message type of the D2R signal;

[0573] Segmentation of D2R data;

[0574] The last segment of D2R data transmission;

[0575] The amount of data transmitted by AIoT devices;

[0576] Energy status of AIoT devices;

[0577] The number of information bits remaining in D2R data transmission;

[0578] The start position of D2R data transmission;

[0579] End position of D2R data transmission.

[0580] Optionally, the physical signal type includes at least one of the following:

[0581] Preamble signal;

[0582] Intermediate preamble signal;

[0583] Tail preamble signal.

[0584] Optionally, the location where the target sequence is mapped in the D2R signal includes at least one of the following:

[0585] Mapped to the preamble position;

[0586] Mapped to the intermediate precode position;

[0587] Mapped to the tail code position.

[0588] Optionally, the target sequence is a Gray sequence.

[0589] Optionally, the Gray sequence is used in at least one of the following:

[0590] Preamble;

[0591] intermediate precode;

[0592] Tail code.

[0593] Optionally, the Gray sequence is used in a preamble, where a first sequence in a sequence pair consisting of the Gray sequences is mapped to a first resource position occupied by the preamble, and a second sequence in a sequence pair consisting of the Gray sequences is mapped to a second resource position occupied by the preamble.

[0594] Optionally, the end position of the first resource position and the start position of the second resource position are N1 resource positions apart, and no signal is sent to the resource positions between the first resource position and the second resource position. The value of N1 is related to the length of the mapped sequence.

[0595] Optionally, the Gray sequence is used in an intermediate preamble, where a first sequence in a sequence pair consisting of the Gray sequences is mapped at a first resource position occupied by the intermediate preamble, and a second sequence in a sequence pair consisting of the Gray sequences is mapped at a second resource position occupied by the intermediate preamble.

[0596] Optionally, the end position of the first resource position and the start position of the second resource position are N2 resource positions apart, and no signal is sent to the resource positions between the first resource position and the second resource position. The value of N2 is related to the length of the mapped sequence.

[0597] Optionally, the Gray sequence is used in the tail code, the first sequence in the sequence pair formed by the Gray sequence is mapped to the first resource position occupied by the tail code, and the third sequence is mapped to the second resource position occupied by the tail code. The third sequence is obtained by inverting the second sequence in the sequence pair formed by the Gray sequence.

[0598] Optionally, the end position of the first resource position and the start position of the second resource position are N3 resource positions apart, and no signal is sent to the resource positions between the first resource position and the second resource position. The value of N3 is related to the length of the mapped sequence.

[0599] Optionally, the Gray sequence is used in both the preamble and the intermediate preamble, including one of the following:

[0600] The resources occupied by the preamble and intermediate preamble are respectively mapped to the sequence determined by the sequence pairs composed of the Gray sequence;

[0601] The first sequence in the sequence pair consisting of the Gray sequences is mapped in the resources occupied by the preamble, and the second sequence in the sequence pair consisting of the Gray sequences is mapped in the resources occupied by the intermediate preamble.

[0602] Optionally, when the resources occupied by the preamble and intermediate preamble are respectively mapped to sequences determined by sequence pairs composed of the Gray sequences, if there are multiple intermediate preambles, the mapping rules for the Gray sequences include:

[0603] The same first target sequence is mapped on all intermediate precodes except the last intermediate precode, and the complementary sequence of the first target sequence is mapped on the last intermediate precode.

[0604] The first target sequence is determined by a sequence pair consisting of the Gray sequence.

[0605] Optionally, the Gray sequence is used in the preamble and tail code, including one of the following:

[0606] The second target sequence is mapped in the resources occupied by the preamble and the tail code respectively, and the second target sequence is determined by the sequence pairs composed of the Gray sequence;

[0607] The first sequence in the sequence pair consisting of the Gray sequences is mapped in the resources occupied by the preamble, and the second sequence in the sequence pair consisting of the Gray sequences is mapped in the resources occupied by the tail code.

[0608] Optionally, the Gray sequence is used in the intermediate and tail preambles, including:

[0609] The resources occupied by the intermediate and tail codes are respectively mapped to the sequence determined by the sequence pairs composed of the Gray sequence.

[0610] Optionally, when multiple intermediate preambles exist, the mapping rule for the Gray sequence includes one of the following:

[0611] The third target sequence is mapped to the same sequence in multiple intermediate precodes, and the tail precode maps to the complementary sequence of the third target sequence, wherein the third target sequence is determined by sequence pairs composed of the Gray sequence;

[0612] The last intermediate code in a plurality of intermediate codes maps to the fourth target sequence, and the tail code maps to the complementary sequence of the fourth target sequence used by the last intermediate code, wherein the fourth target sequence mapped by the last intermediate code is different from the sequences mapped by the other intermediate codes, and the fourth target sequence is determined by a sequence pair consisting of the Gray sequences.

[0613] Optionally, the Gray sequence includes one of the following:

[0614] At least one of two basis sequences that satisfy the autocorrelation property;

[0615] At least one new sequence is formed by extending two base sequences that satisfy autocorrelation properties, wherein the at least one new sequence satisfies complementarity properties or autocorrelation properties.

[0616] Optionally, the first processing module 1701 is configured to implement at least one of the following:

[0617] Based on the backscattering frequency, the target sequence used for the D2R signal is determined to be X fourth sequences. X is related to the reflection and scattering frequency, and different values ​​of X correspond to different backscattering frequencies.

[0618] Based on the backscattering frequency, the target sequence used in the D2R signal is determined to be the extended sequence. The extended sequence is determined based on the fifth and sixth sequences, and different extended sequences correspond to different backscattering frequencies.

[0619] The backscattering frequency is determined based on the value of the frequency shift.

[0620] Optionally, the message type of the D2R signal includes at least one of the following:

[0621] A message carrying a random number;

[0622] A message carrying random numbers and D2R data;

[0623] A message carrying the device identifier;

[0624] A message carrying the device identifier and cache status report (BSR);

[0625] A message carrying an error code.

[0626] The signal processing apparatus provided in this application embodiment can implement the various processes implemented in the method embodiment of FIG2 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0627] Referring to Figure 18, when the signal processing device is a reader or a component within a reader, the signal processing device 1800 includes:

[0628] The first receiving module 1801 is used to receive D2R signals carrying target sequences sent by environmental Internet of Things (AIoT) devices;

[0629] The third processing module 1802 is used to determine target information based on the target sequence;

[0630] The target information includes at least one of the following:

[0631] The physical signal type of a D2R signal;

[0632] The location of the target sequence mapped in the D2R signal;

[0633] The message type of the D2R signal;

[0634] Segmentation of D2R data;

[0635] The last segment of D2R data transmission;

[0636] The amount of data transmitted by AIoT devices;

[0637] Energy status of AIoT devices;

[0638] The number of information bits remaining in D2R data transmission.

[0639] Optionally, the physical signal type includes at least one of the following:

[0640] Preamble signal;

[0641] Intermediate preamble signal;

[0642] Tail preamble signal.

[0643] Optionally, the location where the target sequence is mapped in the D2R signal includes at least one of the following:

[0644] Mapped to the preamble position;

[0645] Mapped to the intermediate precode position;

[0646] Mapped to the tail code position.

[0647] Optionally, the message type of the D2R signal includes at least one of the following:

[0648] A message carrying a random number;

[0649] A message carrying random numbers and D2R data;

[0650] A message carrying the device identifier;

[0651] A message carrying the device identifier and cache status report (BSR);

[0652] A message carrying an error code.

[0653] Optionally, the third processing module 1802 is used for:

[0654] The target information is determined by performing correlation processing on the sequence corresponding to the target signal and the received target sequence.

[0655] The relevant processing includes at least one of the following:

[0656] Correlation is performed at the preamble position, and the correlation values ​​in different windows are added or subtracted;

[0657] Correlation is performed at the intermediate precode position, adding or subtracting the correlation values ​​in different windows;

[0658] Correlation is performed at the tail code position, and the correlation values ​​in different windows are added or subtracted.

[0659] Optionally, the reader may include at least one of the following types:

[0660] terminal;

[0661] AIoT network devices.

[0662] The signal processing apparatus provided in this application embodiment can implement the various processes implemented in the method embodiment of FIG14 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0663] Referring to Figure 19, when the signal processing device is an AIoT device or a component in an AIoT device, the signal processing device 1900 includes:

[0664] The second receiving module 1901 is used to receive control information sent by the reader, the control information being used to indicate the transmission parameters used by the target sequence;

[0665] The fourth processing module 1902 is used to generate a D2R signal containing the target sequence according to the transmission parameters.

[0666] The first transmitting module 1903 is used to transmit the D2R signal to the reader.

[0667] The target sequence includes at least one of the following:

[0668] preamble sequence;

[0669] Intermediate precode sequence;

[0670] Tail preamble sequence;

[0671] The transmission parameters include at least one of the following:

[0672] The length of the target sequence;

[0673] Density of the target sequence;

[0674] The interval between target sequences;

[0675] The starting position of the intermediate preamble sequence transmission;

[0676] Whether the tail preamble sequence is transmitted;

[0677] The line code encoding method of the target sequence;

[0678] The repetition parameter of the target sequence;

[0679] Frequency shifting parameters of the target sequence;

[0680] Chip length of the target sequence.

[0681] Optionally, the transmission parameters are indicated in the form of a combination of parameters, that is, the control information indicates at least two of the parameters included in the above transmission parameters.

[0682] For example, the parameter combination includes at least one of the following:

[0683] A combination of sequence length and sequence density;

[0684] A combination of sequence length and target sequence spacing;

[0685] The combination of preamble sequence length, intermediate preamble sequence length, target sequence interval, and tail preamble sequence;

[0686] A combination of preamble sequence length, intermediate preamble sequence length, target sequence interval, and indication information regarding whether the tail preamble is transmitted.

[0687] In one implementation, the length of the target sequence includes:

[0688] If the target sequence consists of at least two subsequences, the length of the target sequence satisfies one of the following conditions:

[0689] The length of the target sequence is the length of one of the at least two subsequences;

[0690] The length of the target sequence is the length of a portion of the at least two subsequences;

[0691] The length of the target sequence is the length of all subsequences in the at least two subsequences.

[0692] In one implementation, the line code encoding method of the target sequence includes: whether to perform line code encoding;

[0693] The line code encoding includes at least one of the following: Manchester encoding, Miller encoding, and FM0 encoding.

[0694] In one implementation, the frequency shifting parameters of the target sequence include at least one of the following:

[0695] Should frequency shifting be performed?

[0696] Frequency of frequency switching.

[0697] In one implementation, the repetition parameter of the target sequence includes at least one of the following:

[0698] Does it need to be transmitted repeatedly?

[0699] Number of repeated transmissions.

[0700] The signal processing apparatus provided in this application embodiment can implement the various processes implemented in the method embodiment of FIG15 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0701] Referring to Figure 20, when the signal processing device is a reader or a component within a reader, the signal processing device 2000 includes:

[0702] The second sending module 2001 is used to send control information to the AIoT device, the control information being used to indicate the transmission parameters used by the target sequence;

[0703] The third receiving module 2002 is used to receive a D2R signal containing a target sequence sent by an AIoT device, wherein the D2R signal is generated by the AIoT device based on the transmission parameters;

[0704] The target sequence includes at least one of the following:

[0705] preamble sequence;

[0706] Intermediate precode sequence;

[0707] Tail preamble sequence;

[0708] The transmission parameters include at least one of the following:

[0709] The length of the target sequence;

[0710] Density of the target sequence;

[0711] The interval between target sequences;

[0712] The starting position of the intermediate preamble sequence transmission;

[0713] Whether the tail preamble sequence is transmitted;

[0714] The line code encoding method of the target sequence;

[0715] The repetition parameter of the target sequence;

[0716] Frequency shifting parameters of the target sequence;

[0717] Chip length of the target sequence.

[0718] Optionally, the transmission parameters are indicated in the form of a combination of parameters, that is, the control information indicates at least two of the parameters included in the above transmission parameters.

[0719] For example, the parameter combination includes at least one of the following:

[0720] A combination of sequence length and sequence density;

[0721] A combination of sequence length and target sequence spacing;

[0722] The combination of preamble sequence length, intermediate preamble sequence length, target sequence interval, and tail preamble sequence;

[0723] A combination of preamble sequence length, intermediate preamble sequence length, target sequence interval, and indication information regarding whether the tail preamble is transmitted.

[0724] In one implementation, the length of the target sequence includes:

[0725] If the target sequence consists of at least two subsequences, the length of the target sequence satisfies one of the following conditions:

[0726] The length of the target sequence is the length of one of the at least two subsequences;

[0727] The length of the target sequence is the length of a portion of the at least two subsequences;

[0728] The length of the target sequence is the length of all subsequences in the at least two subsequences.

[0729] In one implementation, the line code encoding method of the target sequence includes: whether to perform line code encoding;

[0730] The line code encoding includes at least one of the following: Manchester encoding, Miller encoding, and FM0 encoding.

[0731] In one implementation, the frequency shifting parameters of the target sequence include at least one of the following:

[0732] Should frequency shifting be performed?

[0733] Frequency of frequency switching.

[0734] In one implementation, the repetition parameter of the target sequence includes at least one of the following:

[0735] Does it need to be transmitted repeatedly?

[0736] Number of repeated transmissions.

[0737] The signal processing apparatus provided in this application embodiment can implement the various processes implemented in the method embodiment of FIG16 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0738] Optionally, as shown in FIG21, this application embodiment also provides a communication device 2100, including a processor 2101 and a memory 2102. The memory 2102 stores a program or instructions that can be executed on the processor 2101. For example, when the communication device 2100 is an AIoT device, the program or instructions executed by the processor 2101 implement the various steps of the above-described signal processing method embodiment and achieve the same technical effect. When the communication device 2100 is a reader, the program or instructions executed by the processor 2101 implement the various steps of the above-described signal processing method embodiment and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, further details are omitted here.

[0739] This application also provides a terminal, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the steps in the method embodiments shown in FIG2 or FIG14. This terminal embodiment corresponds to the above-described AIoT device-side method embodiment or the above-described reader-side method embodiment. All implementation processes and methods of the above method embodiments can be applied to the terminal embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect. The terminal may be the signal processing device shown in FIG17 or FIG18. Specifically, FIG22 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a terminal implementing an embodiment of this application.

[0740] The terminal 2200 includes, but is not limited to, at least some of the following components: radio frequency unit 2201, network module 2202, audio output unit 2203, input unit 2204, sensor 2205, display unit 2206, user input unit 2207, interface unit 2208, memory 2209, and processor 2210.

[0741] Those skilled in the art will understand that terminal 2200 may also include a power supply (such as a battery) for powering various components. The power supply can be logically connected to processor 2210 through a power management system, thereby enabling functions such as charging, discharging, and power consumption management through the power management system. The terminal structure shown in Figure 22 does not constitute a limitation on the terminal. The terminal may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements, which will not be elaborated here.

[0742] It should be understood that, in this embodiment, the input unit 2204 may include a graphics processor 22041 and a microphone 22042. The graphics processor 22041 processes image data of still images or videos obtained by an image capture device (such as a camera) in video capture mode or image capture mode. The display unit 2206 may include a display panel 22061, which may be configured in the form of a liquid crystal display, an organic light-emitting diode, or the like. The user input unit 2207 includes at least one of a touch panel 22071 and other input devices 22072. The touch panel 22071 is also called a touch screen. The touch panel 22071 may include a touch detection device and a touch controller. Other input devices 22072 may include, but are not limited to, physical keyboards, function keys (such as volume control buttons, power buttons, etc.), trackballs, mice, and joysticks, which will not be described in detail here.

[0743] In this embodiment, after receiving downlink data from the network-side device, the radio frequency unit 2201 can transmit it to the processor 2210 for processing; in addition, the radio frequency unit 2201 can send uplink data to the network-side device. Typically, the radio frequency unit 2201 includes, but is not limited to, antennas, amplifiers, transceivers, couplers, low-noise amplifiers, duplexers, etc.

[0744] The memory 2209 can be used to store software programs or instructions, as well as various data. The memory 2209 may primarily include a first storage area for storing programs or instructions and a second storage area for storing data. The first storage area may store the operating system, application programs or instructions required for at least one function (such as sound playback, image playback, etc.). Furthermore, the memory 2209 may include volatile memory or non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory may be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDRSDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct memory bus RAM (DRRAM). The memory 2209 in this embodiment includes, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0745] Processor 2210 may include one or more processing units; optionally, processor 2210 integrates an application processor and a modem processor, wherein the application processor mainly handles operations involving the operating system, user interface, and applications, and the modem processor mainly handles wireless communication signals, such as a baseband processor. It is understood that the aforementioned modem processor may also not be integrated into processor 2210.

[0746] In this embodiment, the terminal 2200 is used as an AIoT device for illustrative purposes. The processor 2210 is configured to:

[0747] Based on the first information, determine the target sequence used for the device-to-reader D2R signal;

[0748] According to the target sequence, the target sequence is transmitted in the transmitted or reflected D2R signal;

[0749] The first information includes at least one of the following:

[0750] The physical signal type of a D2R signal;

[0751] The location of the target sequence mapped in the D2R signal;

[0752] The message type of the D2R signal;

[0753] The frequency shift value used in the D2R signal;

[0754] Data rate of D2R signal;

[0755] The target sequence is used to determine at least one of the following:

[0756] The message type of the D2R signal;

[0757] Segmentation of D2R data;

[0758] The last segment of D2R data transmission;

[0759] The amount of data transmitted by AIoT devices;

[0760] Energy status of AIoT devices;

[0761] The number of information bits remaining in D2R data transmission;

[0762] The start position of D2R data transmission;

[0763] End position of D2R data transmission.

[0764] Optionally, the physical signal type includes at least one of the following:

[0765] Preamble signal;

[0766] Intermediate preamble signal;

[0767] Tail preamble signal.

[0768] Optionally, the location where the target sequence is mapped in the D2R signal includes at least one of the following:

[0769] Mapped to the preamble position;

[0770] Mapped to the intermediate precode position;

[0771] Mapped to the tail code position.

[0772] Optionally, the target sequence is a Gray sequence.

[0773] Optionally, the Gray sequence is used in at least one of the following:

[0774] Preamble;

[0775] intermediate precode;

[0776] Tail code.

[0777] Optionally, the Gray sequence is used in a preamble, where a first sequence in a sequence pair consisting of the Gray sequences is mapped to a first resource position occupied by the preamble, and a second sequence in a sequence pair consisting of the Gray sequences is mapped to a second resource position occupied by the preamble.

[0778] Optionally, the end position of the first resource position and the start position of the second resource position are N1 resource positions apart, and no signal is sent to the resource positions between the first resource position and the second resource position. The value of N1 is related to the length of the mapped sequence.

[0779] Optionally, the Gray sequence is used in an intermediate preamble, where a first sequence in a sequence pair consisting of the Gray sequences is mapped at a first resource position occupied by the intermediate preamble, and a second sequence in a sequence pair consisting of the Gray sequences is mapped at a second resource position occupied by the intermediate preamble.

[0780] Optionally, the end position of the first resource position and the start position of the second resource position are N2 resource positions apart, and no signal is sent to the resource positions between the first resource position and the second resource position. The value of N2 is related to the length of the mapped sequence.

[0781] Optionally, the Gray sequence is used in the tail code, the first sequence in the sequence pair formed by the Gray sequence is mapped to the first resource position occupied by the tail code, and the third sequence is mapped to the second resource position occupied by the tail code. The third sequence is obtained by inverting the second sequence in the sequence pair formed by the Gray sequence.

[0782] Optionally, the end position of the first resource position and the start position of the second resource position are N3 resource positions apart, and no signal is sent to the resource positions between the first resource position and the second resource position. The value of N3 is related to the length of the mapped sequence.

[0783] Optionally, the Gray sequence is used in both the preamble and the intermediate preamble, including one of the following:

[0784] The resources occupied by the preamble and intermediate preamble are respectively mapped to the sequence determined by the sequence pairs composed of the Gray sequence;

[0785] The first sequence in the sequence pair consisting of the Gray sequences is mapped in the resources occupied by the preamble, and the second sequence in the sequence pair consisting of the Gray sequences is mapped in the resources occupied by the intermediate preamble.

[0786] Optionally, when the resources occupied by the preamble and intermediate preamble are respectively mapped to sequences determined by sequence pairs composed of the Gray sequences, if there are multiple intermediate preambles, the mapping rules for the Gray sequences include:

[0787] The same first target sequence is mapped on all intermediate precodes except the last intermediate precode, and the complementary sequence of the first target sequence is mapped on the last intermediate precode.

[0788] The first target sequence is determined by a sequence pair consisting of the Gray sequence.

[0789] Optionally, the Gray sequence is used in the preamble and tail code, including one of the following:

[0790] The second target sequence is mapped in the resources occupied by the preamble and the tail code respectively, and the second target sequence is determined by the sequence pairs composed of the Gray sequence;

[0791] The first sequence in the sequence pair consisting of the Gray sequences is mapped in the resources occupied by the preamble, and the second sequence in the sequence pair consisting of the Gray sequences is mapped in the resources occupied by the tail code.

[0792] Optionally, the Gray sequence is used in the intermediate and tail preambles, including:

[0793] The resources occupied by the intermediate and tail codes are respectively mapped to the sequence determined by the sequence pairs composed of the Gray sequence.

[0794] Optionally, when multiple intermediate preambles exist, the mapping rule for the Gray sequence includes one of the following:

[0795] The third target sequence is mapped to the same sequence in multiple intermediate precodes, and the tail precode maps to the complementary sequence of the third target sequence, wherein the third target sequence is determined by sequence pairs composed of the Gray sequence;

[0796] The last intermediate code in a plurality of intermediate codes maps to the fourth target sequence, and the tail code maps to the complementary sequence of the fourth target sequence used by the last intermediate code, wherein the fourth target sequence mapped by the last intermediate code is different from the sequences mapped by the other intermediate codes, and the fourth target sequence is determined by a sequence pair consisting of the Gray sequences.

[0797] Optionally, the Gray sequence includes one of the following:

[0798] At least one of two basis sequences that satisfy the autocorrelation property;

[0799] At least one new sequence is formed by extending two base sequences that satisfy autocorrelation properties, wherein the at least one new sequence satisfies complementarity properties or autocorrelation properties.

[0800] Optionally, the processor is configured to implement at least one of the following:

[0801] Based on the backscattering frequency, the target sequence used for the D2R signal is determined to be X fourth sequences. X is related to the reflection and scattering frequency, and different values ​​of X correspond to different backscattering frequencies.

[0802] Based on the backscattering frequency, the target sequence used in the D2R signal is determined to be the extended sequence. The extended sequence is determined based on the fifth and sixth sequences, and different extended sequences correspond to different backscattering frequencies.

[0803] The backscattering frequency is determined based on the value of the frequency shift.

[0804] Optionally, the message type of the D2R signal includes at least one of the following:

[0805] A message carrying a random number;

[0806] A message carrying random numbers and D2R data;

[0807] A message carrying the device identifier;

[0808] A message carrying the device identifier and cache status report (BSR);

[0809] A message carrying an error code.

[0810] In this embodiment, the terminal 2200 described above is used as an example reader.

[0811] The radio frequency unit 2201 is used to receive D2R signals carrying target sequences sent by environmental Internet of Things (AIoT) devices.

[0812] The processor 2210 is used to determine target information based on the target sequence;

[0813] The target information includes at least one of the following:

[0814] The physical signal type of a D2R signal;

[0815] The location of the target sequence mapped in the D2R signal;

[0816] The message type of the D2R signal;

[0817] Segmentation of D2R data;

[0818] The last segment of D2R data transmission;

[0819] The amount of data transmitted by AIoT devices;

[0820] Energy status of AIoT devices;

[0821] The number of information bits remaining in D2R data transmission.

[0822] Optionally, the physical signal type includes at least one of the following:

[0823] Preamble signal;

[0824] Intermediate preamble signal;

[0825] Tail preamble signal.

[0826] Optionally, the location where the target sequence is mapped in the D2R signal includes at least one of the following:

[0827] Mapped to the preamble position;

[0828] Mapped to the intermediate precode position;

[0829] Mapped to the tail code position.

[0830] Optionally, the message type of the D2R signal includes at least one of the following:

[0831] A message carrying a random number;

[0832] A message carrying random numbers and D2R data;

[0833] A message carrying the device identifier;

[0834] A message carrying the device identifier and cache status report (BSR);

[0835] A message carrying an error code.

[0836] Optionally, the processor 2210 is configured to:

[0837] The seventh sequence and the received target sequence are correlated to determine the target information;

[0838] The relevant processing includes at least one of the following:

[0839] Correlation is performed at the preamble position, and the correlation values ​​in different windows are added or subtracted;

[0840] Correlation is performed at the intermediate precode position, adding or subtracting the correlation values ​​in different windows;

[0841] Correlation is performed at the tail code position, and the correlation values ​​in different windows are added or subtracted.

[0842] Optionally, the reader may include at least one of the following types:

[0843] terminal;

[0844] AIoT network devices.

[0845] The signal processing apparatus provided in this application embodiment can implement the various processes implemented in the method embodiment of FIG2 or FIG14 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0846] This application also provides a terminal, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the steps in the method embodiments shown in FIG15 or FIG16. This terminal embodiment corresponds to the above-described AIoT device-side method embodiment, or to the above-described reader-side method embodiment. All implementation processes and methods of the above method embodiments can be applied to this terminal embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect. The terminal may be the signal processing device shown in FIG19 or FIG20. Specifically, the structure of the terminal is shown in FIG22, and will not be described again here.

[0847] In this embodiment, the terminal described above is used as an AIoT device for illustration.

[0848] The radio frequency unit is used to receive control information sent by the reader, the control information being used to indicate the transmission parameters used by the target sequence.

[0849] A processor is configured to generate a D2R signal containing a target sequence based on the transmission parameters.

[0850] The radio frequency unit is used to send the D2R signal to the reader.

[0851] The target sequence includes at least one of the following:

[0852] preamble sequence;

[0853] Intermediate precode sequence;

[0854] Tail preamble sequence;

[0855] The transmission parameters include at least one of the following:

[0856] The length of the target sequence;

[0857] Density of the target sequence;

[0858] The interval between target sequences;

[0859] The starting position of the intermediate preamble sequence transmission;

[0860] Whether the tail preamble sequence is transmitted;

[0861] The line code encoding method of the target sequence;

[0862] The repetition parameter of the target sequence;

[0863] Frequency shifting parameters of the target sequence;

[0864] Chip length of the target sequence.

[0865] Optionally, the transmission parameters are indicated in the form of a combination of parameters, that is, the control information indicates at least two of the parameters included in the above transmission parameters.

[0866] For example, the parameter combination includes at least one of the following:

[0867] A combination of sequence length and sequence density;

[0868] A combination of sequence length and target sequence spacing;

[0869] The combination of preamble sequence length, intermediate preamble sequence length, target sequence interval, and tail preamble sequence;

[0870] A combination of preamble sequence length, intermediate preamble sequence length, target sequence interval, and indication information regarding whether the tail preamble is transmitted.

[0871] In one implementation, the length of the target sequence includes:

[0872] If the target sequence consists of at least two subsequences, the length of the target sequence satisfies one of the following conditions:

[0873] The length of the target sequence is the length of one of the at least two subsequences;

[0874] The length of the target sequence is the length of a portion of the at least two subsequences;

[0875] The length of the target sequence is the length of all subsequences in the at least two subsequences.

[0876] In one implementation, the line code encoding method of the target sequence includes: whether to perform line code encoding;

[0877] The line code encoding includes at least one of the following: Manchester encoding, Miller encoding, and FM0 encoding.

[0878] In one implementation, the frequency shifting parameters of the target sequence include at least one of the following:

[0879] Should frequency shifting be performed?

[0880] Frequency of frequency switching.

[0881] In one implementation, the repetition parameter of the target sequence includes at least one of the following:

[0882] Does it need to be transmitted repeatedly?

[0883] Number of repeated transmissions.

[0884] In this embodiment, the aforementioned terminal is used as an example reader for illustration.

[0885] The radio frequency unit is used to send control information to the AIoT device, and the control information is used to indicate the transmission parameters used by the target sequence.

[0886] It is also used to receive a D2R signal containing a target sequence sent by an AIoT device, the D2R signal being generated by the AIoT device based on the transmission parameters;

[0887] The target sequence includes at least one of the following:

[0888] preamble sequence;

[0889] Intermediate precode sequence;

[0890] Tail preamble sequence;

[0891] The transmission parameters include at least one of the following:

[0892] The length of the target sequence;

[0893] Density of the target sequence;

[0894] The interval between target sequences;

[0895] The starting position of the intermediate preamble sequence transmission;

[0896] Whether the tail preamble sequence is transmitted;

[0897] The line code encoding method of the target sequence;

[0898] The repetition parameter of the target sequence;

[0899] Frequency shifting parameters of the target sequence;

[0900] Chip length of the target sequence.

[0901] Optionally, the transmission parameters are indicated in the form of a combination of parameters, that is, the control information indicates at least two of the parameters included in the above transmission parameters.

[0902] For example, the parameter combination includes at least one of the following:

[0903] A combination of sequence length and sequence density;

[0904] A combination of sequence length and target sequence spacing;

[0905] The combination of preamble sequence length, intermediate preamble sequence length, target sequence interval, and tail preamble sequence;

[0906] A combination of preamble sequence length, intermediate preamble sequence length, target sequence interval, and indication information regarding whether the tail preamble is transmitted.

[0907] Optionally, the above parameter combination can be described as a pattern for the transmission of the target sequence, and the protocol can define multiple patterns. The corresponding target sequence transmission pattern is indicated by a code point or bitmap in the control information.

[0908] In one implementation, the length of the target sequence includes:

[0909] If the target sequence consists of at least two subsequences, the length of the target sequence satisfies one of the following conditions:

[0910] The length of the target sequence is the length of one of the at least two subsequences;

[0911] The length of the target sequence is the length of a portion of the at least two subsequences;

[0912] The length of the target sequence is the length of all subsequences in the at least two subsequences.

[0913] In one implementation, the line code encoding method of the target sequence includes: whether to perform line code encoding;

[0914] The line code encoding includes at least one of the following: Manchester encoding, Miller encoding, and FM0 encoding.

[0915] In one implementation, the frequency shifting parameters of the target sequence include at least one of the following:

[0916] Should frequency shifting be performed?

[0917] Frequency of frequency switching.

[0918] In one implementation, the repetition parameter of the target sequence includes at least one of the following:

[0919] Does it need to be transmitted repeatedly?

[0920] Number of repeated transmissions.

[0921] The signal processing apparatus provided in this application embodiment can implement the various processes implemented in the method embodiment of FIG15 or FIG16 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0922] This application also provides a network-side device, including a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the steps of the method embodiment shown in FIG14. This network-side device embodiment corresponds to the reader-side method embodiment described above. All implementation processes and methods of the above method embodiments can be applied to this network-side device embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect.

[0923] Specifically, this application embodiment also provides a network-side device, which may be the signal processing device shown in FIG18. As shown in FIG23, the network-side device 2300 includes: an antenna 231, a radio frequency device 232, a baseband device 233, a processor 234, and a memory 235. The antenna 231 is connected to the radio frequency device 232. In the uplink direction, the radio frequency device 232 receives information through the antenna 231 and sends the received information to the baseband device 233 for processing. In the downlink direction, the baseband device 233 processes the information to be transmitted and sends it to the radio frequency device 232, which processes the received information and then transmits it through the antenna 231.

[0924] The method executed by the reader in the above embodiments can be implemented in the baseband device 233, which includes a baseband processor.

[0925] The baseband device 233 may include at least one baseband board, on which multiple chips are disposed, as shown in FIG23. One of the chips is, for example, a baseband processor, which is connected to the memory 235 via a bus interface to call the program or instructions in the memory 235 to execute the network-side device operation shown in the above method embodiment.

[0926] The reader may also include a network interface 236, such as a Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI).

[0927] In this embodiment, the network-side device described above is used as an example reader.

[0928] The processor 234 is used for:

[0929] Receive D2R signals carrying target sequences sent by AIoT devices in the environment;

[0930] The radio frequency device 232 is used for:

[0931] Based on the target sequence, determine the target information;

[0932] The target information includes at least one of the following:

[0933] The physical signal type of a D2R signal;

[0934] The location of the target sequence mapped in the D2R signal;

[0935] The message type of the D2R signal;

[0936] Segmentation of D2R data;

[0937] The last segment of D2R data transmission;

[0938] The amount of data transmitted by AIoT devices;

[0939] Energy status of AIoT devices;

[0940] The number of information bits remaining in D2R data transmission.

[0941] Optionally, the physical signal type includes at least one of the following:

[0942] Preamble signal;

[0943] Intermediate preamble signal;

[0944] Tail preamble signal.

[0945] Optionally, the location where the target sequence is mapped in the D2R signal includes at least one of the following:

[0946] Mapped to the preamble position;

[0947] Mapped to the intermediate precode position;

[0948] Mapped to the tail code position.

[0949] Optionally, the message type of the D2R signal includes at least one of the following:

[0950] A message carrying a random number;

[0951] A message carrying random numbers and D2R data;

[0952] A message carrying the device identifier;

[0953] A message carrying the device identifier and cache status report (BSR);

[0954] A message carrying an error code.

[0955] Optionally, the processor 234 is configured to:

[0956] The target information is determined by performing correlation processing on the sequence corresponding to the target signal and the received target sequence.

[0957] The relevant processing includes at least one of the following:

[0958] Correlation is performed at the preamble position, and the correlation values ​​in different windows are added or subtracted;

[0959] Correlation is performed at the intermediate precode position, adding or subtracting the correlation values ​​in different windows;

[0960] Correlation is performed at the tail code position, and the correlation values ​​in different windows are added or subtracted.

[0961] In addition, the network-side device 2300 of this application embodiment also includes: a program or instructions stored in the memory 235 and executable on the processor 234. The processor 234 calls the program or instructions in the memory 235 to execute the methods executed by each module shown in FIG18 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described in detail here.

[0962] This application also provides a network-side device, including a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the steps of the method embodiment shown in FIG16. This network-side device embodiment corresponds to the reader-side method embodiment described above. All implementation processes and methods of the above method embodiments can be applied to this network-side device embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect.

[0963] Specifically, this application also provides a network-side device, the specific structure of which can be seen in Figure 23, and will not be described in detail here.

[0964] In this embodiment, the network-side device described above is used as an example reader.

[0965] The radio frequency device is used to send control information to the AIoT device, and the control information is used to indicate the transmission parameters used by the target sequence.

[0966] Used to receive a D2R signal containing a target sequence sent by an AIoT device, the D2R signal being generated by the AIoT device based on the transmission parameters;

[0967] The target sequence includes at least one of the following:

[0968] preamble sequence;

[0969] Intermediate precode sequence;

[0970] Tail preamble sequence;

[0971] The transmission parameters include at least one of the following:

[0972] The length of the target sequence;

[0973] Density of the target sequence;

[0974] The interval between target sequences;

[0975] The starting position of the intermediate preamble sequence transmission;

[0976] Whether the tail preamble sequence is transmitted;

[0977] The line code encoding method of the target sequence;

[0978] The repetition parameter of the target sequence;

[0979] Frequency shifting parameters of the target sequence;

[0980] Chip length of the target sequence.

[0981] Optionally, the transmission parameters are indicated in the form of a combination of parameters, that is, the control information indicates at least two of the parameters included in the above transmission parameters.

[0982] For example, the parameter combination includes at least one of the following:

[0983] A combination of sequence length and sequence density;

[0984] A combination of sequence length and target sequence spacing;

[0985] The combination of preamble sequence length, intermediate preamble sequence length, target sequence interval, and tail preamble sequence;

[0986] A combination of preamble sequence length, intermediate preamble sequence length, target sequence interval, and indication information regarding whether the tail preamble is transmitted.

[0987] In one implementation, the length of the target sequence includes:

[0988] If the target sequence consists of at least two subsequences, the length of the target sequence satisfies one of the following conditions:

[0989] The length of the target sequence is the length of one of the at least two subsequences;

[0990] The length of the target sequence is the length of a portion of the at least two subsequences;

[0991] The length of the target sequence is the length of all subsequences in the at least two subsequences.

[0992] In one implementation, the line code encoding method of the target sequence includes: whether to perform line code encoding;

[0993] The line code encoding includes at least one of the following: Manchester encoding, Miller encoding, and FM0 encoding.

[0994] In one implementation, the frequency shifting parameters of the target sequence include at least one of the following:

[0995] Should frequency shifting be performed?

[0996] Frequency of frequency switching.

[0997] In one implementation, the repetition parameter of the target sequence includes at least one of the following:

[0998] Does it need to be transmitted repeatedly?

[0999] Number of repeated transmissions.

[1000] In addition, the reader in this application embodiment also includes: a program or instructions stored in the memory and executable on the processor. The processor calls the program or instructions in the memory to execute the methods executed by each module shown in FIG20 and achieves the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described in detail here.

[1001] This application also provides a readable storage medium storing a program or instructions. When the program or instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the various processes of the above-described signal processing method embodiments and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, they will not be described again here.

[1002] The processor mentioned above is either the processor in the AIoT device or the processor in the reader described in the above embodiments. The readable storage medium includes computer-readable storage media, such as computer read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk, or optical disk. In some examples, the readable storage medium may be a non-transient readable storage medium.

[1003] This application embodiment also provides a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is coupled to the processor. The processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the various processes of the above signal processing method embodiments and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[1004] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of this application may also be referred to as a system-on-a-chip, system chip, chip system, or system-on-a-chip, etc.

[1005] This application also provides a computer program / program product, which is stored in a storage medium and executed by at least one processor to implement the various processes of the above-described signal processing method embodiments, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[1006] This application also provides a communication system, including an AIoT device and a reader, wherein the AIoT device can be used to perform the steps of the above-described signal processing method, and the reader can be used to perform the steps of the above-described signal processing method.

[1007] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatuses in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[1008] From the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of computer software products plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, they can also be implemented by hardware. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc.), and the computer software product includes several instructions to cause the terminal or network-side device to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[1009] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other implementations under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims. All of these implementations are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A signal processing method, comprising: Based on the first information, the environmental IoT (AIoT) device determines the target sequence for the device-to-reader (D2R) signal. The AIoT device transmits the target sequence in the transmitted or reflected D2R signal according to the target sequence; The first information includes at least one of the following: The physical signal type of a D2R signal; The location of the target sequence mapped in the D2R signal; The message type of the D2R signal; The frequency shift value used in the D2R signal; Data rate of D2R signal; The target sequence is used to determine at least one of the following: The message type of the D2R signal; Segmentation of D2R data; The last segment of D2R data transmission; The amount of data transmitted by AIoT devices; Energy status of AIoT devices; The number of information bits remaining in D2R data transmission; The start position of D2R data transmission; End position of D2R data transmission.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The physical signal type includes at least one of the following: Preamble signal; Intermediate preamble signal; Tail preamble signal.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The location where the target sequence is mapped in the D2R signal includes at least one of the following: Mapped to the preamble position; Mapped to the intermediate precode position; Mapped to the tail code position.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The target sequence is a Gray sequence.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein, The Gray sequence is used in a preamble, whereby the first sequence in a sequence pair consisting of the Gray sequences is mapped to a first resource position occupied by the preamble, and the second sequence in a sequence pair consisting of the Gray sequences is mapped to a second resource position occupied by the preamble.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein, The end position of the first resource position and the start position of the second resource position are N1 resource positions apart. No signal is sent to the resource positions between the first resource position and the second resource position. The value of N1 is related to the length of the mapped sequence.

7. The method according to claim 4, wherein, The Gray sequence is used in the intermediate preamble, where the first sequence in the sequence pair formed by the Gray sequence is mapped at the first resource position occupied by the intermediate preamble, and the second sequence in the sequence pair formed by the Gray sequence is mapped at the second resource position occupied by the intermediate preamble.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein, The end position of the first resource position and the start position of the second resource position are N2 resource positions apart. No signal is sent to the resource positions between the first resource position and the second resource position. The value of N2 is related to the length of the mapped sequence.

9. The method according to claim 4, wherein, The Gray sequence is used in the tail code. The first sequence in the sequence pair formed by the Gray sequence is mapped to the first resource position occupied by the tail code, and the third sequence is mapped to the second resource position occupied by the tail code. The third sequence is obtained by inverting the second sequence in the sequence pair formed by the Gray sequence.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein, The end position of the first resource position and the start position of the second resource position are N3 resource positions apart. No signal is sent to the resource positions between the first resource position and the second resource position. The value of N3 is related to the length of the mapped sequence.

11. The method according to claim 4, wherein, The Gray sequence is used in both preamble and intermediate preamble, including one of the following: The resources occupied by the preamble and intermediate preamble are respectively mapped to the sequence determined by the sequence pairs composed of the Gray sequence; The first sequence in the sequence pair consisting of the Gray sequences is mapped in the resources occupied by the preamble, and the second sequence in the sequence pair consisting of the Gray sequences is mapped in the resources occupied by the intermediate preamble.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein, When the resources occupied by the preamble and intermediate preamble are respectively mapped to sequences determined by sequence pairs composed of the Gray sequences, if there are multiple intermediate preambles, the mapping rules for the Gray sequences include: The same first target sequence is mapped on all intermediate precodes except the last intermediate precode, and the complementary sequence of the first target sequence is mapped on the last intermediate precode. The first target sequence is determined by a sequence pair consisting of the Gray sequence.

13. The method according to claim 4, wherein, The Gray sequence is used in both the preamble and the tail code, including one of the following: The second target sequence is mapped in the resources occupied by the preamble and the tail code respectively, and the second target sequence is determined by the sequence pairs composed of the Gray sequence; The first sequence in the sequence pair consisting of the Gray sequences is mapped in the resources occupied by the preamble, and the second sequence in the sequence pair consisting of the Gray sequences is mapped in the resources occupied by the tail code.

14. The method according to claim 4, wherein, The Gray sequence is used in the intermediate and tail codes, including: The resources occupied by the intermediate and tail codes are respectively mapped to the sequence determined by the sequence pairs composed of the Gray sequence.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein, When multiple intermediate preambles exist, the mapping rule for the Gray sequence includes one of the following: The third target sequence is mapped to the same sequence in multiple intermediate precodes, and the tail precode maps to the complementary sequence of the third target sequence, wherein the third target sequence is determined by sequence pairs composed of the Gray sequence; The last intermediate code in a plurality of intermediate codes maps to the fourth target sequence, and the tail code maps to the complementary sequence of the fourth target sequence used by the last intermediate code, wherein the fourth target sequence mapped by the last intermediate code is different from the sequences mapped by the other intermediate codes, and the fourth target sequence is determined by a sequence pair consisting of the Gray sequences.

16. The method according to any one of claims 4-15, wherein, The Gray sequence includes one of the following: At least one of two basis sequences that satisfy the autocorrelation property; At least one new sequence is formed by extending two base sequences that satisfy autocorrelation properties, wherein the at least one new sequence satisfies complementarity properties or autocorrelation properties.

17. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The target sequence for the D2R signal is determined based on the frequency shift value, including at least one of the following: Based on the backscattering frequency, the target sequence used for the D2R signal is determined to be X fourth sequences. X is related to the reflection and scattering frequency, and different values ​​of X correspond to different backscattering frequencies. Based on the backscattering frequency, the target sequence used in the D2R signal is determined to be the extended sequence. The extended sequence is determined based on the fifth and sixth sequences, and different extended sequences correspond to different backscattering frequencies. The backscattering frequency is determined based on the value of the frequency shift.

18. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The message type of the D2R signal includes at least one of the following: A message carrying a random number; A message carrying random numbers and D2R data; A message carrying device identification; A message carrying the device identifier and cache status report (BSR); A message carrying an error code.

19. A signal processing method, comprising: The reader receives D2R signals carrying target sequences sent by AIoT devices in the environment; Based on the target sequence, determine the target information; The target information includes at least one of the following: The physical signal type of a D2R signal; The location of the target sequence mapped in the D2R signal; The message type of the D2R signal; Segmentation of D2R data; The last segment of D2R data transmission; The amount of data transmitted by AIoT devices; Energy status of AIoT devices; The number of information bits remaining in D2R data transmission.

20. The method according to claim 19, wherein, The physical signal type includes at least one of the following: Preamble signal; Intermediate preamble signal; Tail preamble signal.

21. The method according to claim 19 or 20, wherein, The location where the target sequence is mapped in the D2R signal includes at least one of the following: Mapped to the preamble position; Mapped to the intermediate precode position; Mapped to the tail code position.

22. The method according to claim 19, wherein, The message type of a D2R signal includes at least one of the following: A message carrying a random number; A message carrying random numbers and D2R data; A message carrying device identification; A message carrying the device identifier and cache status report (BSR); A message carrying an error code.

23. The method according to claim 19, wherein, The step of determining the target information based on the target sequence includes: The reader performs correlation processing on the seventh sequence and the received target sequence to determine the target information; The related processing includes at least one of the following: Correlation is performed at the preamble position, and the correlation values ​​in different windows are added or subtracted; Correlation is performed at the intermediate precode position, adding or subtracting the correlation values ​​in different windows; Correlation is performed at the tail code position, and the correlation values ​​in different windows are added or subtracted.

24. The method according to claim 19, wherein, The reader type includes at least one of the following: terminal; AIoT network devices.

25. A signal processing apparatus, applied to an AIoT device, comprising: The first processing module is used to determine the target sequence used for the device-to-reader D2R signal based on the first information; The second processing module is used to transmit the target sequence in the transmitted or reflected D2R signal according to the target sequence; The first information includes at least one of the following: The physical signal type of a D2R signal; The location of the target sequence mapped in the D2R signal; The message type of the D2R signal; The frequency shift value used in the D2R signal; Data rate of D2R signal; The target sequence is used to determine at least one of the following: The message type of the D2R signal; Segmentation of D2R data; The last segment of D2R data transmission; The amount of data transmitted by AIoT devices; Energy status of AIoT devices; The number of information bits remaining in D2R data transmission; The start position of D2R data transmission; End position of D2R data transmission.

26. The apparatus according to claim 25, wherein, The first processing module is configured to implement at least one of the following: Based on the backscattering frequency, the target sequence used for the D2R signal is determined to be X fourth sequences. X is related to the reflection and scattering frequency, and different values ​​of X correspond to different backscattering frequencies. Based on the backscattering frequency, the target sequence used in the D2R signal is determined to be the extended sequence. The extended sequence is determined based on the fifth and sixth sequences, and different extended sequences correspond to different backscattering frequencies. The backscattering frequency is determined based on the value of the frequency shift.

27. An AIoT device, comprising a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions executable on the processor, the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implementing the steps of the signal processing method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 18.

28. A signal processing apparatus for use in a reader, comprising: The first receiving module is used to receive D2R signals carrying target sequences sent by environmental IoT (AIoT) devices; The third processing module is used to determine target information based on the target sequence; The target information includes at least one of the following: The physical signal type of a D2R signal; The location of the target sequence mapped in the D2R signal; The message type of the D2R signal; Segmentation of D2R data; The last segment of D2R data transmission; The amount of data transmitted by AIoT devices; Energy status of AIoT devices; The number of information bits remaining in D2R data transmission.

29. A reader comprising a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions executable on the processor, the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implementing the steps of the signal processing method as claimed in any one of claims 19 to 24.

30. A readable storage medium storing a program or instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the signal processing method as claimed in any one of claims 1-24.

31. A computer program product comprising computer instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 24.

Images