Modulation method and communication apparatus

Abstract

The present application provides a modulation method and a communication apparatus. A first constellation set used in the modulation method comprises at least one constellation point group, any constellation point group among the at least one constellation point group comprises at least two constellation points, the at least two constellation points have the same position coordinates, the first constellation set comprises L constellation points, the L constellation points are in one-to-one correspondence with L bit combinations, the number of bits of each bit combination among the L bit combinations is Qm, the position coordinates of the L constellation points are a subset of the position coordinates of L' constellation points comprised in a second constellation set, and the second constellation set may be a uniformly spaced QAM constellation. By means of the modulation method in embodiments of the present application, not only can the storage complexity of a non-uniform constellation set be reduced, but also the overall channel capacity can be improved.

Description

Modulation methods and communication devices

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202510123540.7, filed on January 24, 2025, entitled "Modulation Method and Communication Apparatus", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of channel coding, and more specifically, to a modulation method and related communication apparatus in channel coding. Background Technology

[0003] Modulation and demodulation are core technologies in wireless communication. The transmitting device modulates the encoded bit sequence into modulation symbols to be transmitted, and then transmits these symbols. Specifically, the transmitting device performs constellation mapping on the encoded bit sequence according to a constellation diagram to obtain the modulation symbols to be transmitted. Theoretical analysis shows that for a Gaussian white noise channel, the channel capacity is highest when the distribution of the modulation symbols to be transmitted follows a Gaussian distribution. Channel capacity can be improved by changing the position coordinates of the constellation points from a uniform constellation to a non-uniform constellation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a modulation method and a communication device that can further improve channel capacity.

[0005] Firstly, a modulation method is provided, which can be executed by a transmitting device. Unless otherwise specified, "transmitting device" in this application can refer to a transmitting device (e.g., a network device, terminal device, encoding device, etc.), a component within the transmitting device (e.g., a processor, chip, or chip system, etc.), or a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the transmitting device. The method may include: the transmitting device acquiring a first bit sequence to be transmitted; the transmitting device modulating the bits in the first bit sequence based on a first modulation scheme to obtain a modulation symbol stream, wherein the first modulation scheme corresponds to a first constellation set, the first constellation set includes at least one constellation point group, any one of the at least one constellation point group includes at least two constellation points, the at least two constellation points have the same position coordinates, the first constellation set includes L constellation points, the L constellation points correspond one-to-one with L bit combinations, and the number of bits in each of the L bit combinations is Q. m The position coordinates of the L constellation points are a subset of the position coordinates of the L′ constellation points included in the second constellation set; the transmitting device outputs the above modulation symbol stream.

[0006] Among them, L, L′, Q m It is a positive integer.

[0007] In other words, any one of the constellation point groups mentioned above corresponds to a position coordinate; or, any one of the constellation point groups mentioned above corresponds to a position coordinate that corresponds to at least two different bit combinations among the L bit combinations mentioned above; or, each of the L constellation points has a position coordinate and at least two constellation points among the L constellation points have the same position coordinate, then the number of different position coordinates of the L constellation points is less than L.

[0008] Optionally, the position coordinates of the L constellation points mentioned above are a subset of the position coordinates of the L′ constellation points included in the second constellation set, including: the real part of the position coordinates of the L constellation points mentioned above is a subset of the real part of the position coordinates of the L′ constellation points mentioned above.

[0009] Optionally, the position coordinates of the L constellation points mentioned above are a subset of the position coordinates of the L′ constellation points included in the second constellation set, including: the imaginary part of the position coordinates of the L constellation points mentioned above is a subset of the imaginary part of the position coordinates of the L′ constellation points mentioned above.

[0010] For example, the above L bit combinations are Q m The possible combinations of bits Bit combinations,

[0011] For example, the first constellation set mentioned above is a non-uniform constellation set, and the second constellation set mentioned above is a uniform constellation set.

[0012] Based on the above scheme, on the one hand, obtaining the non-uniform constellation set from the uniform constellation set can reduce the storage complexity of the non-uniform constellation set; on the other hand, the obtained non-uniform constellation set reuses the position coordinates of constellation points in the uniform constellation set, which can improve the overall channel capacity and reduce the modulation and demodulation complexity.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the modulation order of the aforementioned first constellation set is Q. m The modulation order of the aforementioned second constellation set is Q′. m Q′ m Greater than Q m .

[0014] Among them, the above The above Q m Q′ m It is a positive integer.

[0015] Based on the above scheme, the position coordinates of the L constellation points in the first constellation set can be a proper subset of the position coordinates of the L′ constellation points in the second constellation set. This ensures an overall improvement in channel capacity while reducing modulation and demodulation complexity.

[0016] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the position coordinates of the aforementioned L constellation points include Individual departments and The virtual part, The actual part and the Each virtual part is respectively with Each bit combination corresponds one-to-one. The number of bits in each bit combination is Q. m / 2, the The first bit combination in the bit combination and the The first real part corresponds to the first bit in the first bit combination. The first imaginary part corresponds to the first real part, and the first imaginary part is equal to the first real part.

[0017] Or, the above The real and imaginary parts of the same bit combination are equal.

[0018] For example, the above The bit combination is Q m / 2 bits can be combined into Bit combinations, For example, Q m When the value is 8, The possible bit combinations are the 16 bit combinations shown in Table 2 or Table 3 below; for example, Q m When the value is 10, The possible bit combinations are the 32 bit combinations shown in Table 4 or Table 5 below; for example, Q m When the value is 12, The number of bit combinations is 64, as shown in Table 6 or Table 7 below.

[0019] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the aforementioned at least one constellation point group includes a first constellation point group, which includes a first constellation point and a second constellation point. The first real part of the position coordinates of the first constellation point and the second real part of the position coordinates of the second constellation point are the same, and the first real part and the second real part respectively correspond to the aforementioned... Different bit combinations in a given bit combination.

[0020] For example, the first constellation point group mentioned above can be any one of the at least one constellation point group mentioned above, and this application does not limit it.

[0021] For example, the first constellation point group mentioned above may also include other constellation points, which is not limited in this application.

[0022] Furthermore, the first imaginary part of the position coordinates of the first constellation point is the same as the second imaginary part of the position coordinates of the second constellation point, and the first imaginary part and the second imaginary part correspond to the aforementioned... Different bit combinations in a given bit combination.

[0023] In other words, at least two identical real parts and at least two identical imaginary parts can be combined to form one of the above-mentioned constellation point groups, and the bit combination of the above-mentioned L bit combinations corresponding to the constellation points in the constellation point group is the bit combination corresponding to the above-mentioned at least two real parts. At least two bit combinations in the bit combination and the at least two imaginary parts corresponding to the above It is formed by at least two bit combinations from a given bit combination.

[0024] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the above Each part includes The real part located on the positive half-axis and The real part located on the negative half-axis, The real part located on the positive half-axis and the The real part of the negative half-axis is symmetric about the origin.

[0025] In addition, the above The virtual part includes The imaginary part located on the positive half-axis and The imaginary part located on the negative half-axis, The imaginary part located on the positive half-axis and the The imaginary part located on the negative half-axis is symmetrical about the origin.

[0026] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the aforementioned at least two constellation points include S constellation points, where S = 2. n , where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0027] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the aforementioned at least one constellation point includes a first constellation point group and a second constellation point group. The first constellation point group includes S1 constellation points, and the second constellation point group includes S2 constellation points. The absolute value of the real part of the position coordinates of the S1 constellation points included in the first constellation point group is less than the absolute value of the real part of the position coordinates of the S2 constellation points included in the second constellation point group, and S1 is greater than or equal to S2.

[0028] Where S1 = 2 n1 n1 is an integer greater than or equal to 1; S2 = 2 n2 n2 is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0029] Based on the above scheme, the closer the position coordinates are to the origin, the more times they are reused by the non-uniform constellation set. That is, the probability of using modulation symbols with lower energy is greater, thus the shaping effect is better and the channel capacity is improved.

[0030] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the aforementioned at least one constellation point group includes a first constellation point group and a second constellation point group. The first constellation point group is the constellation point group whose absolute value of the real part of the position coordinates of the constellation points included in the at least one constellation point group is the smallest. If the modulation order Q of the aforementioned first constellation set... m If the modulation order Q of the first constellation set is less than or equal to the first threshold, the number of constellation points in the first constellation set is 4; m If the first threshold is greater than or equal to the first threshold, the first constellation point group includes 16 constellation points.

[0031] For example, the first threshold mentioned above is 8.

[0032] For example, the number of constellation points included in the first constellation point group should be the constellation point group with the largest number of constellation points included in the above at least one constellation point group.

[0033] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the aforementioned at least one constellation point group includes a first constellation point group and a second constellation point group. The first constellation point group is the constellation point group with the smallest absolute value of the real part of the position coordinates of the constellation points included in the at least one constellation point group. The number S1 of constellation points included in the first constellation point group satisfies the following relationship:

[0034]

[0035] Based on the above scheme, the maximum number of constellation points included in the first constellation point group can be agreed upon, which can balance channel capacity and modulation and demodulation complexity.

[0036] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the modulation order of the aforementioned first constellation set is Q. m The modulation order of the aforementioned second constellation set is Q′. m Q′ m =Q m +2, or Q′ m =Q m +4, or Q′ m =Q m +6.

[0037] For example, the modulation order Q of the aforementioned first constellation set m It can be 8, 10, or 12, etc., and this application does not limit it.

[0038] Based on the above scheme, the range of the uniform constellation set used to obtain the non-uniform constellation set can be large or small, increasing the flexibility of obtaining the non-uniform constellation set. If a smaller range of uniform constellation set is used to obtain the non-uniform constellation set, the storage complexity of the non-uniform constellation set, as well as the modulation and demodulation complexity, can be reduced; if a larger range of uniform constellation set is used to obtain the non-uniform constellation set, there are more selectable position coordinates for the non-uniform constellation set, which can maintain a larger capacity gain and a lower bit error rate.

[0039] Secondly, a demodulation method is provided, which can be executed by a receiving device. Unless otherwise specified, "receiving device" in this application can refer to a receiving device (e.g., a network device, terminal device, decoding device, etc.), a component within that receiving device (e.g., a processor, chip, or chip system, etc.), or a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the receiving device. The method can include: the receiving device acquiring a symbol stream to be demodulated; the receiving device demodulating the bits in the symbol stream to be demodulated based on a first demodulation method to obtain a demodulated sequence, wherein the first demodulation method corresponds to a first constellation set, the first constellation set includes at least one constellation point group, any constellation point group in the at least one constellation point group includes at least two constellation points, the at least two constellation points have the same position coordinates, the first constellation set includes L constellation points, the L constellation points correspond one-to-one with L bit combinations, and the number of bits in each of the L bit combinations is Q. m The position coordinates of the L constellation points are a subset of the position coordinates of the L′ constellation points included in the second constellation set; the receiving device outputs the demodulated sequence described above.

[0040] Among them, L, L′, Q m It is a positive integer.

[0041] Optionally, the position coordinates of the L constellation points mentioned above are a subset of the position coordinates of the L′ constellation points included in the second constellation set, including: the real part of the position coordinates of the L constellation points mentioned above is a subset of the real part of the position coordinates of the L′ constellation points mentioned above.

[0042] Optionally, the position coordinates of the L constellation points mentioned above are a subset of the position coordinates of the L′ constellation points included in the second constellation set, including: the imaginary part of the position coordinates of the L constellation points mentioned above is a subset of the imaginary part of the position coordinates of the L′ constellation points mentioned above.

[0043] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the modulation order of the aforementioned first constellation set is Q. m The modulation order of the aforementioned second constellation set is Q′. m Q′ m Greater than Q m .

[0044] Among them, the above The above Q m Q′ m It is a positive integer.

[0045] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the position coordinates of the aforementioned L constellation points include Individual departments and The virtual part, The actual part and the Each virtual part is respectively with Each bit combination corresponds one-to-one. The number of bits in each bit combination is Q. m / 2, the The first bit combination in the bit combination and the The first real part corresponds to the first bit in the first bit combination. The first imaginary part corresponds to the first real part, and the first imaginary part is equal to the first real part.

[0046] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the aforementioned at least one constellation point group includes a first constellation point group, which includes a first constellation point and a second constellation point. The first real part of the position coordinates of the first constellation point and the second real part of the position coordinates of the second constellation point are the same, and the first real part and the second real part respectively correspond to the aforementioned... Different bit combinations in a given bit combination.

[0047] Furthermore, the first imaginary part of the position coordinates of the first constellation point is the same as the second imaginary part of the position coordinates of the second constellation point, and the first imaginary part and the second imaginary part correspond to the aforementioned... Different bit combinations in a given bit combination.

[0048] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the above Each part includes The real part located on the positive half-axis and The real part located on the negative half-axis, The real part located on the positive half-axis and the The real part of the negative half-axis is symmetric about the origin.

[0049] In addition, the above The virtual part includes The imaginary part located on the positive half-axis and The imaginary part located on the negative half-axis, The imaginary part located on the positive half-axis and the The imaginary part located on the negative half-axis is symmetrical about the origin.

[0050] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the aforementioned at least two constellation points include S constellation points, where S = 2. n , where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0051] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the aforementioned at least one constellation point includes a first constellation point group and a second constellation point group. The first constellation point group includes S1 constellation points, and the second constellation point group includes S2 constellation points. The absolute value of the real part of the position coordinates of the S1 constellation points included in the first constellation point group is less than the absolute value of the real part of the position coordinates of the S2 constellation points included in the second constellation point group, and S1 is greater than or equal to S2.

[0052] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the aforementioned at least one constellation point group includes a first constellation point group and a second constellation point group. The first constellation point group is the constellation point group whose absolute value of the real part of the position coordinates of the constellation points included in the at least one constellation point group is the smallest. If the modulation order Q of the aforementioned first constellation set... m If the modulation order Q of the first constellation set is less than or equal to the first threshold, the number of constellation points in the first constellation set is 4; m If the first threshold is greater than or equal to the first threshold, the first constellation point group includes 16 constellation points.

[0053] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the aforementioned at least one constellation point group includes a first constellation point group and a second constellation point group. The first constellation point group is the constellation point group with the smallest absolute value of the real part of the position coordinates of the constellation points included in the at least one constellation point group. The number S1 of constellation points included in the first constellation point group satisfies the following relationship:

[0054] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the modulation order of the aforementioned first constellation set is Q. m The modulation order of the aforementioned second constellation set is Q′. m Q′ m =Q m +2, or Q′ m =Q m +4, or Q′ m =Q m +6.

[0055] The explanations and beneficial effects of the second aspect and any possible implementation thereof can be found in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof, and will not be elaborated here.

[0056] Thirdly, a communication device is provided, which has the function of implementing the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect. The function can be implemented by hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more units corresponding to the above-described function.

[0057] Fourthly, a communication device is provided, which has the function of implementing the method in the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect. The function can be implemented by hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more units corresponding to the above-described function.

[0058] Fifthly, a communication device is provided, comprising at least one processor configured to cause the communication device to execute the method of the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof; or to execute the method of the second aspect or any possible implementation thereof. Optionally, the at least one processor is coupled to at least one memory for storing computer programs or instructions, and the at least one processor is configured to call and run the computer program or instructions from the at least one memory, causing the communication device to execute the method of the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof; or to execute the method of the second aspect or any possible implementation thereof. Optionally, the at least one processor may be included in the communication device or may be configured outside the communication device. Optionally, the communication device further includes the at least one memory. Optionally, the communication device further includes at least one communication interface. As an example, the communication interface may include an input interface and / or an output interface, or may be an interface circuit.

[0059] Sixthly, a communication device is provided, comprising a communication interface and a circuit. The communication interface is configured to receive a signal to be processed and transmit the signal to the circuit. The circuit is configured to process the signal to perform a method as described in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof; or to perform a method as described in the second aspect or any possible implementation thereof. Optionally, the communication interface is further configured to output a signal processed by the circuit. Optionally, the signal may include information and / or data. Optionally, the communication device may be a chip (e.g., a baseband chip) or a chip system.

[0060] A seventh aspect provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer program code or instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the method of the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof to be implemented; or, the method of the second aspect or any possible implementation thereof to be implemented.

[0061] Eighthly, a computer program product is provided, the computer program product comprising computer program code or instructions, which, when executed on a computer, cause the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof to be implemented; or, as in the second aspect or any possible implementation thereof, the method to be implemented.

[0062] Ninth aspect, a wireless communication system is provided, including a communication device as described in the third aspect or including a communication device as described in the fourth aspect. Attached Figure Description

[0063] Figure 1 shows an example of a communication system 100 applicable to the technical solution of this application.

[0064] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the basic process of wireless communication.

[0065] Figure 3 shows an example constellation diagram of 64QAM.

[0066] Figure 4 is a schematic flowchart of the modulation or demodulation method 200 provided in this application.

[0067] Figure 5 shows an example of performance simulation provided in this application.

[0068] Figure 6 shows another performance simulation diagram provided in this application.

[0069] Figure 7 is another example of performance simulation provided in this application.

[0070] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the communication device 10 provided in this application.

[0071] Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device 20 provided in this application.

[0072] Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the chip 30 provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0073] The technical solutions of this application can be applied to various existing and future communication systems, including but not limited to: satellite communication systems, fifth-generation (5G) systems or new radio (NR) systems, long-term evolution (LTE) systems, LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) systems, LTE time division duplex (TDD) systems, and future communication systems. Furthermore, they can also be applied to sidelink (SL) communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), and Internet of Things (IoT) communication systems, or other communication systems, etc., which are not limited herein.

[0074] Figure 1 illustrates an example of a communication system 100 applicable to the technical solutions of this application. As shown in Figure 1, the communication system 100 may include one or more transmitting devices and one or more receiving devices. Optionally, one of the transmitting device and the receiving device may be a terminal device, and the other may be a network device. The modulation or demodulation method provided in this application is applicable to communication between the network device and the terminal device shown in Figure 1, i.e., uplink communication or downlink communication. For example, in downlink communication, the transmitting device in this embodiment is a network device, and the receiving device is a terminal device; in uplink communication, the transmitting device in this embodiment is a terminal device, and the receiving device is a network device.

[0075] For example, a terminal device may also be referred to as user equipment (UE), access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, mobile terminal (MT), remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication device, user agent, or user apparatus. In the embodiments of this application, the terminal device may be a device that provides voice and / or data connectivity to a user, and can be used to connect people, objects, and machines, such as a handheld device with wireless connectivity, in-vehicle equipment, etc. The terminal device in the embodiments of this application may be a mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop computer, PDA, mobile internet device (MID), wearable device, virtual reality (VR) device, augmented reality (AR) device, wireless terminal in industrial control, wireless terminal in self-driving, wireless terminal in remote medical surgery, wireless terminal in smart grid, wireless terminal in transportation safety, wireless terminal in smart city, wireless terminal in smart home, etc. Optionally, the UE may be used as a base station. For example, the UE may act as a scheduling entity, providing sidelink signals between UEs in V2X or SL, etc.

[0076] In this embodiment, the device used to implement the functions of the terminal device can be the terminal device itself, or any device capable of supporting the terminal device in implementing the corresponding functions, such as a chip, processor, circuit, hardware, and / or software combination. This device is located on the terminal side and can be configured within or used in conjunction with the terminal device. The chip system can consist of chips or include chips and other discrete components. In this embodiment, the terminal device is used as an example to illustrate the device for implementing the corresponding functions of the terminal device.

[0077] The network device in this application embodiment may include a device for communicating with a terminal device. This network device may include an access network device or a radio access network device; for example, the network device may be a base station. In this application embodiment, the access network device may refer to a radio access network (RAN) node (or device) that connects the terminal device to the wireless network. A base station can broadly encompass, or be replaced by, various names such as: NodeB, evolved NodeB (eNB), next-generation NodeB (gNB), relay station, access point, transmitting and receiving point (TRP), transmitting point (TP), master station, auxiliary station, motor slide retainer (MSR) node, home base station, network controller, access node, wireless node, access point (AP), transmission node, transceiver node, baseband unit (BBU), remote radio unit (RRU), active antenna unit (AAU), remote radio head (RRH), central unit (CU), distributed unit (DU), radio unit (RU), positioning node, etc. A base station can be a macro base station, micro base station, relay node, donor node, or a combination thereof. A base station can also refer to a communication module, modem, or chip installed within the aforementioned equipment or apparatus. A base station can also be a mobile switching center, a device performing base station functions in D2D, V2X, and M2M communications, a network device (e.g., a base station) in a future communication network, or a device performing network device functions. A base station can support networks using the same or different access technologies. Optionally, a RAN node can also be a server, wearable device, vehicle, or in-vehicle equipment. For example, the access network equipment in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technology can be a roadside unit (RSU). The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technology or device form used in the network equipment.

[0078] Base stations can be fixed or mobile. For example, a helicopter or drone can be configured to act as a mobile base station, and one or more cells can move depending on the location of the mobile base station. In other examples, a helicopter or drone can be configured as a device to communicate with another base station.

[0079] In some deployments, the network device in this application embodiment may be a device including a CU, or a DU, or a device including both CU and DU, or a control plane CU node (central unit-control plane (CU-CP)) and a user plane CU node (central unit-user plane (CU-UP)) and a DU node. For example, the network device may include gNB-CU-CP, gNB-CU-UP, and gNB-DU.

[0080] In some deployments, multiple RAN nodes collaborate to assist terminals in achieving wireless access, with different RAN nodes each implementing some of the base station's functions. For example, RAN nodes can be CUs, DUs, CU-CPs, CU-UPs, or RUs. CUs and DUs can be configured separately or included in the same network element, such as a BBU. RUs can be included in radio frequency equipment or radio frequency units, such as RRUs, AAUs, or RRHs.

[0081] In different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU, or RU may have different names, but those skilled in the art will understand their meaning. For example, in an open radio access network (ORAN / O-RAN) system, CU can also be called an open CU (open CU, O-CU), and DU can also be called an open DU (open DU, O-DU). CU-CP can also be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP can also be called O-CU-UP, and RU can also be called O-RU. Any of the units among CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU, and RU in this application can be implemented through software modules, hardware modules, or a combination of software modules and hardware modules.

[0082] In this embodiment, the device used to implement the functions of the network device can be the network device itself; it can also be a device capable of supporting the network device in implementing the corresponding functions, such as a chip, processor, circuit, hardware, and / or software combination. This device is located on the network side and can be configured within or used in conjunction with the network device. In this embodiment, only the network device is used as an example to illustrate the implementation of the corresponding functions of the network device.

[0083] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the basic process of wireless communication. As shown in Figure 2, at the signal transmitting device, the signal source is transmitted after sequentially undergoing source coding, channel coding, and modulation. At the signal receiving device, the received signal is sequentially demodulated, channel decoded, and source recovered before being output to the destination. Among these processes, modulation and demodulation are one of the core technologies in the field of wireless communication.

[0084] The modulation or demodulation methods provided in this application can be used in dedicated network equipment or general-purpose equipment, and can be applied to the various network equipment (e.g., base stations) and terminal equipment mentioned above. Specifically, the modulation scheme is mainly implemented by the channel coding unit (e.g., encoder or device that supports the coding device to implement the corresponding function) in these devices; the demodulation scheme is mainly implemented by the channel decoding unit (e.g., decoder or device that supports the decoding device to implement the corresponding function) in these devices.

[0085] Optionally, the function of the modulation or demodulation device can be implemented by application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or by software (e.g., program code in memory), or by a combination of both, without limitation.

[0086] The transmitting device can map the encoded bit sequence into a modulation symbol stream, and then transmit the modulation symbol stream; correspondingly, the receiving device can receive the modulation symbol stream and obtain the demodulated sequence through demodulation, which can also be the sequence to be decoded. Modulation refers to the transmitting device mapping the encoded bit sequence according to a constellation diagram to obtain the modulation symbol stream. Demodulation is the reverse process of modulation. Common modulation methods include quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) and amplitude shift keying (ASK) modulation.

[0087] For example, the encoded bit sequence can be mapped to obtain the modulation symbol stream by referring to a lookup table or according to a preset rule. Here, only a lookup table is used as an illustration. As shown in Table 1, it is a bit mapping relationship of 8ASK. During the modulation process, the modulation symbol x is determined according to bits b0, b1 and b2, which is used as the modulation symbol to be transmitted.

[0088] Table 1: Mapping between bit values ​​and modulation symbols

[0089] When using 8ASK modulation, the encoded bit sequence can be mapped into a modulation symbol stream according to the bit values, referring to Table 1 above. It should be understood that the values ​​of the modulation symbols (i.e., the magnitude of x) in Table 1 are only examples. In practical applications, x can also be adjusted according to power consumption requirements, such as scaling up or down the multiple x values ​​shown in Table 1 by the same proportion.

[0090] When using QAM modulation (such as 16QAM, 64QAM, etc.), the QAM constellation diagram contains real and imaginary parts. These parts can be mapped to the modulation symbol stream using Table 1 or other tables. Figure 3 shows an example of a 64QAM constellation diagram. A 64QAM constellation diagram includes 64 constellation points with uniformly distributed position coordinates. Each constellation point can represent a bit combination (b0, b1, b2, b3, b4, b5) under the 64QAM modulation order. The position coordinates of each constellation point correspond to a real part and an imaginary part. For example, the real and imaginary parts of the same channel symbol under 64QAM can be given by an 8ASK bit mapping relationship. For instance, b0, b2, and b4 correspond to the real part Re(x), and b1, b3, and b5 correspond to the imaginary part Im(x). The modulated channel symbol x = Re(x) + jIm(x), where j is the imaginary symbol.

[0091] Theoretical analysis shows that for a Gaussian white noise channel, the channel capacity is highest when the distribution of the modulation symbols to be transmitted follows a Gaussian distribution. The channel capacity can be improved by transforming the uniform constellation into a non-uniform constellation, i.e., changing the position coordinates of the constellation points. Based on this, this application can provide a modulation and demodulation method that can further improve channel capacity or reduce modulation and demodulation complexity.

[0092] The modulation or demodulation methods provided in this application are described in detail below.

[0093] Figure 4 is a schematic flowchart of the modulation or demodulation method 200 provided in this application. Steps S210 to S214 in method 200 can be performed by a transmitting device (or an information transmitting device). Unless otherwise specified, "transmitting device" in this application can refer to a transmitting device (e.g., a network device, a terminal device, an encoding device, etc.), a component of the transmitting device (e.g., a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.), or a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the transmitting device. Optionally, method 200 also includes steps S216 to S220, which can be performed by a receiving device (or an information receiving device). Unless otherwise specified, "receiving device" in this application can refer to a receiving device (e.g., a network device, a terminal device, a decoding device, etc.), a component of the receiving device (e.g., a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.), or a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the receiving device.

[0094] S210, the transmitting device acquires the first bit sequence to be transmitted.

[0095] For example, the first bit sequence to be transmitted can be an encoded bit sequence, and the encoding method can be polar coding, low density parity check (LDPC) coding, or Reed-Muller (RM) coding. This application does not limit the specific encoding method.

[0096] S212, the transmitting device modulates the bits in the first bit sequence based on the first modulation method to obtain a modulation symbol stream.

[0097] Specifically, the first modulation method corresponds to a first constellation set, which includes at least one constellation point group. Any one of the constellation point groups includes at least two constellation points, and the at least two constellation points have the same position coordinates.

[0098] Specifically, the first constellation set includes L constellation points, each of which corresponds one-to-one with L bit combinations, and each of these L bit combinations contains Q bits. m .

[0099] Specifically, the position coordinates of the L constellation points included in the first constellation set are a subset of the position coordinates of the L′ constellation points included in the second constellation set.

[0100] For example, the position coordinates of the L constellation points included in the first constellation set can be a proper subset of the position coordinates of the L′ constellation points included in the second constellation set.

[0101] For example, any “subset” referred to in this application can be a proper subset.

[0102] For example, the first constellation set is a non-uniform constellation, or the L constellation points included in the first constellation set have unequal intervals between the position coordinates of adjacent constellation points; the second constellation set is a uniform constellation, or the L′ constellation points included in the second constellation set have equal intervals between the position coordinates of adjacent constellation points.

[0103] Specifically, the modulation order of the aforementioned first constellation set is Q. m , The modulation order of the second constellation set mentioned above is Q′. m , For example, Q′ m Greater than or equal to Q m For example, Q′ m =Q m +2, or Q′ m =Q m +4, or Q′ m =Q m+6, this application does not limit this.

[0104] Optionally, the position coordinates of the above L′ constellation points include Individual departments and A virtual part, Individual departments and A combination of imaginary parts can represent L′ constellation points. The position coordinates of the above L constellation points include... Individual departments and A virtual part, Individual departments and A combination of imaginary parts can represent L constellation points.

[0105] Optionally, the real parts of the position coordinates of the L constellation points are a subset of the real parts of the position coordinates of the L′ constellation points, or, the above The real part is the above. A subset of each real part.

[0106] Optionally, the imaginary part of the position coordinates of the L constellation points is a subset of the imaginary part of the position coordinates of the L′ constellation points, or, the above The imaginary part is as described above. A subset of the imaginary part.

[0107] Optionally, the real part of the position coordinates of the L constellation points is a subset of the real part of the position coordinates of the L′ constellation points, and the imaginary part of the position coordinates of the L constellation points is a subset of the imaginary part of the position coordinates of the L′ constellation points; or, the above... The real part is the above. The subset of each real part and the above The imaginary part is as described above. A subset of the imaginary part.

[0108] For example, the above Each part and the above Each virtual part is respectively with Each bit combination corresponds one-to-one, as described above. Individual parts and One-to-one correspondence of bit combinations and the above The virtual part is also related to Each bit combination corresponds one-to-one. The number of bits in each bit combination is Q. m / 2. For example, the above The first bit combination in the bit combination is the same as the above The first real part corresponds to the first real part of the first bit combination, which is related to the above. The first imaginary part corresponds to the first real part, and the first imaginary part is equal to the first real part.

[0109] For example, the above Each part includes The real part located on the positive half-axis and The real part located on the negative half-axis, The real part located on the positive half-axis and the The real part of the negative half-axis is symmetric about the origin; the above The virtual part includes The imaginary part located on the positive half-axis and The imaginary part located on the negative half-axis, The imaginary part located on the positive half-axis and the The imaginary part located on the negative half-axis is symmetrical about the origin.

[0110] The following text uses the modulation order Q of the first constellation set as an example. m The technical solution of this application is described in detail using 8, 10, and 12 as examples, but this application does not limit the modulation order Q of the first constellation set. m .

[0111] Example 1: The modulation order of the first constellation set is 8.

[0112] For example, when the modulation order of the first constellation set is 8, the first constellation set includes L constellation points, totaling 256. These 256 constellation points correspond one-to-one with 256 bit combinations, each of which contains 8 bits. For instance, any bit combination corresponding to one of these 256 constellation points is denoted as b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7. The 256 constellation points described in Example 1 are one example of the aforementioned L constellation points, and the 256 bit combinations described in Example 1 are one example of the aforementioned L bit combinations.

[0113] For example, the position coordinates of the aforementioned 256 constellation points include 16 real parts and 16 imaginary parts. The combination of the 16 real parts and 16 imaginary parts can represent the 256 constellation points. The 16 real parts correspond one-to-one with 16 bit combinations, and each bit combination has 4 bits. Similarly, the 16 imaginary parts also correspond one-to-one with 16 bit combinations, and each bit combination also has 4 bits.

[0114] Specifically, the bit combination b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 corresponding to any constellation point among the 256 constellation points can be divided into two groups, each containing 4 bits. One group corresponds to the real part Re(x) of the position coordinates of the constellation point, and the other group corresponds to the imaginary part Im(x) of the position coordinates of the constellation point. In one example, in the bit combination b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 corresponding to any constellation point among the 256 constellation points, b0 b2 b4 b6 corresponds to the real part Re(x) of the position coordinates of the constellation point, and b1 b3 b5 b7 corresponds to the imaginary part Im(x) of the position coordinates of the constellation point. The modulated channel symbol x = Re(x) + jIm(x), where j is the imaginary number. The 16 real parts mentioned in Example 1 are as described above. One example of a real part, the 16 imaginary parts described in Example 1 are as described above. One example of the imaginary part, the 16 bit combinations described in Example 1, are as follows: An example of a bit combination.

[0115] For example, the bit value of each of the 16 bit combinations corresponding to the 16 real parts is equal to the bit value of one of the 16 bit combinations corresponding to the 16 imaginary parts. For instance, if the bit value of one of the 16 bit combinations corresponding to the 16 real parts is 1111, then there is also a bit combination with the bit value of 1111 among the 16 bit combinations corresponding to the 16 imaginary parts. These are not listed here.

[0116] For example, the real and imaginary parts of the position coordinates of each of the 256 constellation points can be obtained by a 16ASK bit mapping relationship.

[0117] For example, Table 2 below shows an example of the mapping relationship between the 16 bit combinations corresponding to the 16 real parts and the 16 real parts. It should be understood that the values ​​of the real parts in Table 2 (i.e., the magnitude of Re(x)) are only examples. In actual applications, Re(x) can also be adjusted according to power consumption requirements, such as amplifying or reducing the values ​​of Re(x) shown in Table 2.

[0118] Table 2

[0119] The 16 real parts shown in Table 2 above include 8 real parts located on the positive half-axis and 8 real parts located on the negative half-axis. These 8 real parts on the positive half-axis and 8 real parts on the negative half-axis are symmetrical about the origin. For example, among the 16 real parts shown in Table 2, the 8 real parts on the positive half-axis are 5, 5, 15, 17, 27, 33, 45, and 59, respectively; the 8 real parts on the negative half-axis are -5, -5, -15, -17, -27, -33, -45, and -59, respectively. The real part 5 corresponding to bit combination 0011 is symmetrical to the real part -5 corresponding to bit combination 1011 about the origin; the real part 5 corresponding to bit combination 0010 is symmetrical to the real part -5 corresponding to bit combination 1010 about the origin; the real part 15 corresponding to bit combination 0000 is symmetrical to the real part -15 corresponding to bit combination 1000 about the origin. These are not all listed here. The 8 real parts on the positive half-axis mentioned in Example 1 are as described above. An example of the real part located on the positive half-axis, and the eight real parts located on the negative half-axis described in Example 1, are as described above. An example of the real part located on the negative half-axis.

[0120] Specifically, the 256 constellation points mentioned above include at least one constellation point group. Since at least two constellation points in any constellation point group have the same position coordinates, the real parts of the position coordinates of at least two constellation points in any constellation point group are the same.

[0121] For example, the above-mentioned at least one constellation point group includes a first constellation point group, which includes a first constellation point and a second constellation point. The first constellation point and the second constellation point have the same position coordinates. The real part of the position coordinates of the first constellation point is a first real part, and the real part of the position coordinates of the second constellation point is a second real part. The first real part and the second real part are the same, but the first real part and the second real part correspond to different bit combinations among the above 16 bit combinations. For example, in the bit combination b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 corresponding to the first constellation point shown in Table 2 above, b0 b2 b4 b6 is 0011, and the real part corresponding to b0 b2 b4 b6 is 5. In the bit combination b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 corresponding to the second constellation point shown in Table 2 above, b0 b2 b4 b6 is 0010, and the real part corresponding to b0 b2 b4 b6 is also 5.

[0122] For example, the number of identical real parts among the aforementioned 16 real parts satisfies 2. m m is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0123] For example, the smaller the absolute value of the real part, the more identical real parts there are; conversely, the larger the absolute value of the real part, the fewer identical real parts there are. For instance, the real part 5 corresponding to bit combination 0011 in Table 2 above is the same as the real part 5 corresponding to bit combination 0010, so the number of identical real parts is 2; the real part 15 corresponding to bit combination 0000 in Table 2 above is greater than the real part 5, and among the 16 real parts shown in Table 2 above, there is no real part that is the same as the real part 15, so the number of identical real parts is 1.

[0124] Additionally, Table 3 below shows an example of the mapping relationship between the 16 bit combinations corresponding to the 16 imaginary parts and the 16 imaginary parts. It should be understood that the values ​​of the imaginary parts (i.e., the magnitude of Im(x)) in Table 3 are only examples. In practical applications, Im(x) can be adjusted accordingly based on power consumption requirements, such as amplifying or reducing the values ​​of Im(x) shown in Table 3.

[0125] Table 3

[0126] The 16 imaginary parts shown in Table 3 above include 8 imaginary parts located on the positive half-axis and 8 imaginary parts located on the negative half-axis. These 8 imaginary parts on the positive half-axis are symmetrical to the 8 imaginary parts on the negative half-axis about the origin. For example, among the 16 imaginary parts shown in Table 3, the 8 imaginary parts on the positive half-axis are 5, 5, 15, 17, 27, 33, 45, and 59, respectively; the 8 imaginary parts on the negative half-axis are -5, -5, -15, -17, -27, -33, -45, and -59, respectively. The imaginary part 5 corresponding to bit combination 0011 is symmetrical to the imaginary part -5 corresponding to bit combination 1011 about the origin; the imaginary part 5 corresponding to bit combination 0010 is symmetrical to the imaginary part -5 corresponding to bit combination 1010 about the origin; the imaginary part 15 corresponding to bit combination 0000 is symmetrical to the imaginary part -15 corresponding to bit combination 1000 about the origin. These are not all listed here. The 8 imaginary parts on the positive half-axis mentioned in Example 1 are as described above. One example of the imaginary part located on the positive half-axis, and the eight imaginary parts located on the negative half-axis described in Example 1 are as follows. An example of a virtual part located on the negative half-axis.

[0127] Specifically, the 256 constellation points mentioned above include at least one constellation point group, and at least two constellation points in any constellation point group have the same position coordinates. Therefore, the imaginary parts of the position coordinates of at least two constellation points in any constellation point group are the same.

[0128] For example, the above-mentioned at least one constellation point group includes a first constellation point group, which includes a first constellation point and a second constellation point. The imaginary part of the position coordinates of the first constellation point is a first imaginary part, and the imaginary part of the position coordinates of the second constellation point is a second imaginary part. The first imaginary part and the second imaginary part are the same, but the first imaginary part and the second imaginary part correspond to different bit combinations among the above 16 bit combinations. For example, in the bit combination b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 corresponding to the first constellation point shown in Table 3 above, b1 b3 b5 b7 is 0011, and the imaginary part corresponding to b1 b3 b5 b7 is 0010, which is also 5.

[0129] For example, the number of identical imaginary parts among the aforementioned 16 imaginary parts also satisfies 2. m m is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0130] For example, the smaller the absolute value of the imaginary part, the more identical imaginary parts there are; conversely, the larger the absolute value of the imaginary part, the fewer identical imaginary parts there are. For instance, the imaginary part 5 corresponding to bit combination 0011 in Table 3 above is the same as the imaginary part 5 corresponding to bit combination 0010, so the number of identical imaginary parts is 2; the imaginary part 15 corresponding to bit combination 0000 in Table 3 above is greater than the imaginary part 5, and among the 16 imaginary parts shown in Table 3 above, there is no imaginary part that is the same as the imaginary part 15, so the number of identical imaginary parts is 1.

[0131] For example, the first bit combination among the 16 bit combinations corresponding to the 16 real parts corresponds to the first real part among the 16 real parts, and the first bit combination among the 16 bit combinations corresponding to the 16 imaginary parts corresponds to the first imaginary part among the 16 imaginary parts. The first real part and the first imaginary part are equal, and the first bit combination can represent the bit value of one of the 16 bit combinations corresponding to the 16 real parts and the 16 bit combinations corresponding to the 16 imaginary parts. For example, the first bit combination 1111 shown in Table 2 corresponds to "-59" among the 16 real parts, and the first bit combination 1111 shown in Table 3 also corresponds to "-59" among the 16 imaginary parts; or, the first bit combination 1110 shown in Table 2 corresponds to "-45" among the 16 real parts, and the first bit combination 1110 shown in Table 3 also corresponds to "-45" among the 16 imaginary parts. These are not all listed here. Alternatively, the real and imaginary parts of any one of the 16 bit combinations are equal.

[0132] In addition, two of the 16 bit combinations shown in Table 2 above (e.g., b0 b2 b4 b6 are 0011 and 0010) have the same two real parts, and the two bit combinations shown in Table 3 above (e.g., b1 b3 b5 b7 are 0011 and 0010) also have the same two imaginary parts. The two identical real parts in Table 2 and the two identical imaginary parts in Table 3 can represent four constellation points with the same position coordinates. The bit combinations b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 corresponding to these four constellation points are 00001111, 00001101, 00001110, and 00001100, respectively. Therefore, these four constellation points can form constellation point group #1 in at least one of the constellation point groups mentioned above.

[0133] Alternatively, two of the 16 bit combinations shown in Table 2 above (e.g., b0 b2 b4 b6 are 1010 and 1011) have the same two real parts, and the two bit combinations shown in Table 3 above (e.g., b1 b3 b5 b7 are 1010 and 1011) also have the same two imaginary parts. The two identical real parts in Table 2 and the two identical imaginary parts in Table 3 can represent four constellation points with the same position coordinates. The bit combinations b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 corresponding to these four constellation points are 11001100, 11001110, 11001101, and 11001111, respectively. Therefore, these four constellation points can form another constellation point group #2 in the above-mentioned constellation point group.

[0134] For example, if the modulation order of the first constellation set shown in Example 1 above is 8, then the modulation order of the second constellation set can be Q′. m =Q m +4 = 12. The second constellation set can be uniform. For example, the real or imaginary part of the second constellation set is [-63,-61,-59,-57,-55,-53,-51,-49,-47,-45,-43,-41,-39,-37,-35,-33,-31,-29,-27,-25,-23,-21,-19,-17,-15,-13,-11,-9,- 7,-5,-3,-1,1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,27,29,31,33,35,37,39,41,43,45,47,49,51,53,55,57,59,61,63], where the real and imaginary parts of the first constellation set are subsets of the real or imaginary parts of the second constellation set.

[0135] Figure 5 is a performance simulation diagram of Example 1 provided in this application. The horizontal axis of Figure 5 represents the symbol signal-to-noise ratio (Es / N0), that is, the ratio of the energy (Es) of each symbol to the noise power spectral density (N0), and the vertical axis represents the block error rate (BLER). The left line in Figure 5 shows the performance of the first constellation set of Example 1, and the right line in Figure 5 shows the best-performing uniform constellation with the same spectral efficiency as the first constellation set of Example 1. The best-performing uniform constellation with the same spectral efficiency as the first constellation set of Example 1 is 64QAM. As can be seen from Figure 5, the modulation and demodulation performance of the first constellation set of Example 1 in this application embodiment is significantly better than the modulation and demodulation performance of the best-performing uniform constellation with the same spectral efficiency.

[0136] Example 2: The modulation order of the first constellation set is 10.

[0137] For example, when the modulation order of the first constellation set is 10, the first constellation set includes L constellation points, totaling 1024. These 1024 constellation points correspond one-to-one with 1024 bit combinations, each of which contains 10 bits. For instance, any bit combination corresponding to one of these 1024 constellation points is denoted as b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 b8 b9. Example 2 shows another example of the 1024 constellation points and another example of the 1024 bit combinations.

[0138] For example, the position coordinates of the aforementioned 1024 constellation points include 32 real parts and 32 imaginary parts. The combination of the 32 real parts and 32 imaginary parts can represent the 1024 constellation points. The 32 real parts correspond one-to-one with 32 bit combinations, and each bit combination has 5 bits. Similarly, the 32 imaginary parts also correspond one-to-one with 32 bit combinations, and each bit combination also has 5 bits.

[0139] Specifically, the bit combination b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 b8 b9 corresponding to any constellation point among the 1024 constellation points can be divided into two groups, each containing 5 bits. One group corresponds to the real part Re(x) of the position coordinates of the constellation point, and the other group corresponds to the imaginary part Im(x) of the position coordinates of the constellation point. In one example, in the bit combination b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 b8 b9 corresponding to any constellation point among the 1024 constellation points, b0 b2 b4 b6 b8 corresponds to the real part Re(x) of the position coordinates of the constellation point, and b1 b3 b5 b7 b9 corresponds to the imaginary part Im(x) of the position coordinates of the constellation point. The modulated channel symbol x = Re(x) + jIm(x), where j is the imaginary number. The 32 real parts mentioned in Example 2 are as described above. Another example of a real part, the 32 imaginary parts described in Example 2, are those mentioned above. Another example of the imaginary part, Example 2, describes 32 bit combinations as described above. Another example of a bit combination.

[0140] For example, the bit value of each of the 32 bit combinations corresponding to the 32 real parts is equal to the bit value of one of the 32 bit combinations corresponding to the 32 imaginary parts. For instance, if the bit value of one of the 32 bit combinations corresponding to the 32 real parts is 11111, then there is also a bit combination with the bit value of 11111 among the 32 bit combinations corresponding to the 32 imaginary parts. These are not listed here.

[0141] For example, the real and imaginary parts of the position coordinates of each of the 1024 constellation points can be obtained by a 32ASK bit mapping relationship.

[0142] For example, Table 4 below shows an example of the mapping relationship between the 32 bit combinations corresponding to the 32 real parts and the 32 real parts. It should be understood that the values ​​of the real parts in Table 4 (i.e., the magnitude of Re(x)) are only examples. In practical applications, Re(x) can also be adjusted according to power consumption requirements, such as amplifying or reducing the values ​​of Re(x) shown in Table 4.

[0143] Table 4

[0144] The 32 real parts shown in Table 4 above include 16 real parts located on the positive half-axis and 16 real parts located on the negative half-axis. The 16 real parts on the positive half-axis and the 16 real parts on the negative half-axis are symmetrical about the origin. For example, the 16 real parts on the positive half-axis in Table 4 are 11, 11, 31, 31, 53, 53, 75, 77, 99, 103, 125, 137, 161, 185, 215, 253, and the 16 real parts on the negative half-axis are -11, -11, -31, -31, -53, -53, -75, -77, -99, -103, -125, -137, - 161, -185, -215, -253, the real part 11 corresponding to bit combination 00111 is symmetric to the real part -11 corresponding to bit combination 10111 about the origin; the real part 11 corresponding to bit combination 00110 is symmetric to the real part -11 corresponding to bit combination 10110 about the origin; the real part 31 corresponding to bit combination 00100 is symmetric to the real part -31 corresponding to bit combination 10100 about the origin, and so on. These are not listed individually here. The 16 real parts located on the positive semi-axis in Example 2 are as described above. Another example of the real part located on the positive half-axis, Example 2, describes 16 real parts located on the negative half-axis as described above. Another example of the real part located on the negative half-axis.

[0145] Specifically, the aforementioned 1024 constellation points include at least one constellation point group. Since at least two constellation points in any constellation point group have the same position coordinates, the real parts of the position coordinates of at least two constellation points in any constellation point group are the same.

[0146] For example, the above-mentioned at least one constellation point group includes a first constellation point group, which includes a first constellation point and a second constellation point. The first constellation point and the second constellation point have the same position coordinates. The real part of the position coordinates of the first constellation point is the first real part, and the real part of the position coordinates of the second constellation point is the second real part. The first real part and the second real part are the same, but the first real part and the second real part correspond to different bit combinations among the above 32 bit combinations. For example, in the bit combination b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 b8 b9 corresponding to the first constellation point shown in Table 4 above, b0 b2 b4 b6 b8 is 00111, and the real part corresponding to b0 b2 b4 b6 b8 is 00110, and the real part corresponding to b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 b8 b9 corresponding to the second constellation point shown in Table 2 above is also 11.

[0147] For example, the number of identical real parts among the above 32 real parts satisfies 2.m m is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0148] For example, the smaller the absolute value of the real part, the more identical real parts there are; conversely, the larger the absolute value of the real part, the fewer identical real parts there are. For instance, the real part 11 corresponding to bit combination 00111 in Table 4 above is the same as the real part 11 corresponding to bit combination 00110, and the number of identical real parts is 2; the real part 31 corresponding to bit combination 00100 in Table 4 above is the same as the real part 31 corresponding to bit combination 00101, and the number of identical real parts is 2; the real part 53 corresponding to bit combination 00001 in Table 4 above is the same as the real part 53 corresponding to bit combination 00000, and the number of identical real parts is 2; the real part 75 corresponding to bit combination 00010 in Table 4 above is greater than real parts 11, 31, and 53, and there is no real part identical to real part 75 among the 32 real parts shown in Table 4 above, so the number of identical real parts is 1.

[0149] Additionally, Table 5 below shows an example of the mapping relationship between the 32 bit combinations corresponding to the aforementioned 32 imaginary parts and the aforementioned 32 imaginary parts. It should be understood that the values ​​of the imaginary parts (i.e., the magnitude of Im(x)) in Table 5 are only examples. In practical applications, Im(x) can also be adjusted accordingly based on power consumption requirements, such as amplifying or reducing the values ​​of Im(x) shown in Table 5.

[0150] Table 5

[0151] The 32 imaginary parts shown in Table 5 above include 16 imaginary parts located on the positive half-axis and 16 imaginary parts located on the negative half-axis. The 16 imaginary parts on the positive half-axis and the 16 imaginary parts on the negative half-axis are symmetrical about the origin. For example, the 16 imaginary parts on the positive half-axis shown in Table 5 are 11, 11, 31, 31, 53, 53, 75, 77, 99, 103, 125, 137, 161, 185, 215, and 253, respectively, and the 16 imaginary parts on the negative half-axis are -11, -11, -31, -31, -53, -53, -75, -77, -99, -103, -125, -137, and - The imaginary parts 11 corresponding to bit combination 00111 and -11 corresponding to bit combination 10111 are symmetric about the origin; the imaginary parts 11 corresponding to bit combination 00110 and -11 corresponding to bit combination 10110 are symmetric about the origin; the imaginary parts 31 corresponding to bit combination 00100 and -31 corresponding to bit combination 10100 are symmetric about the origin. These are not listed individually here. The 16 imaginary parts located on the positive half-axis in Example 2 are as described above. Another example of the imaginary part located on the positive half-axis, Example 2, describes 16 imaginary parts located on the negative half-axis as described above. Another example of the imaginary part located on the negative half-axis.

[0152] Specifically, the aforementioned 1024 constellation points include at least one constellation point group, and at least two constellation points in any constellation point group have the same position coordinates. Therefore, the imaginary parts of the position coordinates of at least two constellation points in any constellation point group are the same.

[0153] For example, the above-mentioned at least one constellation point group includes a first constellation point group, which includes a first constellation point and a second constellation point. The imaginary part of the position coordinates of the first constellation point is a first imaginary part, and the imaginary part of the position coordinates of the second constellation point is a second imaginary part. The first imaginary part and the second imaginary part are the same, but the first imaginary part and the second imaginary part correspond to different bit combinations among the above 32 bit combinations. For example, in the bit combination b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 b8 b9 corresponding to the first constellation point shown in Table 5 above, b1 b3 b5 b7 b9 is 00111, and the imaginary part corresponding to b1 b3 b5 b7 b9 is 00110, as shown in Table 2 above, and the imaginary part corresponding to b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 b8 b9 corresponding to the second constellation point is also 11.

[0154] For example, the number of identical imaginary parts among the aforementioned 32 imaginary parts also satisfies 2. m m is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0155] For example, the smaller the absolute value of the imaginary part, the more identical imaginary parts there are; conversely, the larger the absolute value of the imaginary part, the fewer identical imaginary parts there are. For instance, the imaginary part 11 corresponding to bit combination 00111 in Table 5 above is the same as the imaginary part 11 corresponding to bit combination 00110, and the number of identical imaginary parts is 2; the imaginary part 31 corresponding to bit combination 00100 in Table 5 above is the same as the imaginary part 31 corresponding to bit combination 00101, and the number of identical imaginary parts is 2; the imaginary part 53 corresponding to bit combination 00001 in Table 5 above is the same as the imaginary part 53 corresponding to bit combination 00000, and the number of identical imaginary parts is 2; the imaginary part 75 corresponding to bit combination 00010 in Table 5 above is greater than imaginary parts 11, 31, and 53, and there is no imaginary part identical to imaginary part 75 among the 32 imaginary parts shown in Table 5, so the number of identical imaginary parts is 1.

[0156] For example, the first bit combination among the 32 bit combinations corresponding to the 32 real parts corresponds to the first real part among the 32 real parts, and the first bit combination among the 32 bit combinations corresponding to the 32 imaginary parts corresponds to the first imaginary part among the 32 imaginary parts. The first real part and the first imaginary part are equal. The first bit combination can represent the bit value of one of the 32 bit combinations corresponding to the 32 real parts and the 32 bit combinations corresponding to the 32 imaginary parts. For example, the first bit combination 11111 shown in Table 4 corresponds to "-253" in the 32 real parts, and the first bit combination 11111 shown in Table 5 also corresponds to "-253" in the 32 imaginary parts; or, the first bit combination 11110 shown in Table 4 corresponds to "-215" in the 32 real parts, and the first bit combination 11110 shown in Table 5 also corresponds to "-215" in the 32 imaginary parts. These are not all listed here. Alternatively, the real and imaginary parts of any of the 32 bit combinations are equal.

[0157] In addition, the two real parts of two of the 32 bit combinations shown in Table 4 above (e.g., b0 b2 b4 b6 b8 are 00111 and 00110) are the same, and the two imaginary parts of the two bit combinations shown in Table 5 above (e.g., b1 b3 b5 b7 b9 are 00111 and 00110) are also the same. The two identical real parts in Table 4 and the two identical imaginary parts in Table 5 can represent four constellation points with the same position coordinates. The bit combinations b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 b8 b9 corresponding to these four constellation points are 0000111111, 0000111110, 0000111101, and 0000111100, respectively. Therefore, these four constellation points can form constellation point group #1 in at least one of the constellation point groups mentioned above.

[0158] Alternatively, two of the 32 bit combinations shown in Table 4 above (e.g., b0 b2 b4 b6 b8 are 00100 and 00101) have the same two real parts, and the two bit combinations shown in Table 5 above (e.g., b1 b3 b5 b7 b9 are 00100 and 00101) also have the same two imaginary parts. The two identical real parts in Table 4 and the two identical imaginary parts in Table 5 can represent four constellation points with the same position coordinates. The bit combinations b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 b8 b9 corresponding to these four constellation points are 0000110000, 0000110001, 0000110010, and 0000110011, respectively. Therefore, these four constellation points can form another constellation point group #2 in the above-mentioned constellation point group.

[0159] For example, if the modulation order of the first constellation set shown in Example 2 above is 10, then the modulation order of the second constellation set can be Q′. m =Q m +6 = 16. The second constellation set can be uniform. For example, the real or imaginary part of the second constellation set is [-255,-253,-251,-249,-247,-245,-243,-241,-239,-237,-235,-233,-231,-229,-227,-225,-223,-221,-219,-217,-215,-213,-211,-209,-207,-205,-203,-201,-199,-197,-195,-193,-191,-189,-187,-185,-183,-181,-179,-177,-175,-173,-171,-169,-167,-165]. -163, -161, -159, -157, -155, -153, -151, -149, -147, -145, -143, -141, -139, -137, -135, -133, -131, -129, -127, -125, -123, -121, -119, -117, -115 -113, -111, -109, -107, -105, -103, -101, -99, -97, -95, -93, -91, -89, -87, -85, -83, -81, -79, -77, -75, -73, -71, -69, -67, -65, -63, -61, -59, -57, - 55,-53,-51,-49,-47,-45,-43,-41,-39,-37,-35,-33,-31,-29,-27,-25,-23,-21,-19,-17,-15,-13,-11,-9,-7,-5,-3,-1,1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15 ,17,19,21,23,25,27,29,31,33,35,37,39,41,43,45,47,49,51,53,55,57,59,61,63,65,67,69,71,73,75,77,79,81,83,85,87,89,91,93,95,97,9 9,101,103,105,107,109,111,113,115,117,119,121,123,125,127,129,131,133,135,137,139,141,143,145,147,149,151,153,155,157,159,161 ,163,165,167,169,171,173,175,177,179,181,183,185,187,189,191,193,195,197,199,201,203,205,207,209,211,213,215,217,219,221,223,[225,227,229,231,233,235,237,239,241,243,245,247,249,251,253,255], where the real and imaginary parts of the first constellation set are subsets of the real or imaginary parts of the second constellation set.

[0160] Figure 6 is a performance simulation diagram of Example 2 provided in this application. The horizontal axis of Figure 6 represents the symbol signal-to-noise ratio (Es / N0), and the vertical axis represents BLER. The left line in Figure 6 shows the performance of the first constellation set in Example 2, and the right line shows the best-performing uniform constellation with the same spectral efficiency as the first constellation set in Example 2, and the best-performing uniform constellation 256QAM with the same spectral efficiency as the first constellation set in Example 2. As can be seen from Figure 6, the modulation and demodulation performance of the first constellation set in Example 2 of this application embodiment is significantly better than the modulation and demodulation performance of the best-performing uniform constellation with the same spectral efficiency.

[0161] Example 3: The modulation order of the first constellation set is 12.

[0162] For example, when the modulation order of the first constellation set is 12, the first constellation set includes L constellation points, totaling 4096. These 4096 constellation points correspond one-to-one with 4096 bit combinations, each of which contains 12 bits. For instance, any bit combination corresponding to one of these 4096 constellation points is denoted as b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 b8 b9 b10 b11. Example 3 shows another example of the 4096 constellation points and another example of the 4096 bit combinations.

[0163] For example, the position coordinates of the aforementioned 4096 constellation points include 64 real parts and 64 imaginary parts. The combination of the 64 real parts and 64 imaginary parts can represent the 4096 constellation points. Each of the 64 real parts corresponds one-to-one with 64 bit combinations, and each bit combination has 6 bits. Similarly, each of the 64 imaginary parts also corresponds one-to-one with 64 bit combinations, and each bit combination also has 6 bits.

[0164] Specifically, the bit combination b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 b8 b9 b10 b11 corresponding to any constellation point among the 4096 constellation points can be divided into two groups, each containing 6 bits. One group corresponds to the real part Re(x) of the position coordinates of the constellation point, and the other group corresponds to the imaginary part Im(x) of the position coordinates of the constellation point. In one example, in the bit combination b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 b8 b9 b10 b11 corresponding to any constellation point among the 4096 constellation points, b0 b2 b4 b6 b8 b11 corresponds to the real part Re(x) of the position coordinates of the constellation point, and b1 b3 b5 b7 b9 b11 corresponds to the imaginary part Im(x) of the position coordinates of the constellation point. The modulated channel symbol x = Re(x) + jIm(x), where j is the imaginary number. The 64 real parts mentioned in Example 3 are as described above. Another example of a real part, the 64 imaginary parts described in Example 3, are those mentioned above. Another example of the imaginary part, Example 3, describes 64 bit combinations as described above. Another example of a bit combination.

[0165] For example, the bit value of each of the 64 bit combinations corresponding to the 64 real parts is equal to the bit value of one of the 64 bit combinations corresponding to the 64 imaginary parts. For instance, if the bit value of one of the 64 bit combinations corresponding to the 64 real parts is 111111, then there is also a bit combination with the bit value of 111111 among the 64 bit combinations corresponding to the 64 imaginary parts. These are not listed here.

[0166] For example, the real and imaginary parts of the position coordinates of each of the 4096 constellation points can be obtained by a 64ASK bit mapping relationship.

[0167] For example, Table 6 below shows an example of the mapping relationship between the 64 bit combinations corresponding to the 64 real parts and the 64 real parts. It should be understood that the values ​​of the real parts in Table 6 (i.e., the magnitude of Re(x)) are only examples. In practical applications, Re(x) can also be adjusted according to power consumption requirements, such as amplifying or reducing the values ​​of Re(x) shown in Table 6.

[0168] Table 6

[0169] The 64 real parts shown in Table 6 above include 32 real parts located on the positive half-axis and 32 real parts located on the negative half-axis. The 32 real parts located on the positive half-axis and the 32 real parts located on the negative half-axis are symmetrical about the origin. For example, among the 64 real parts shown in Table 6 above, the 32 real parts located on the positive half-axis are 5, 5, 5, 5, 13, 13, 15, 15, 23, 23, 25, 25, 33, 33, 37, 37, 43, 43, 49, 49, 57, 57, 65, 65, 73, 75, 83, 87, 95, 103, 115, and 127, respectively. The 32 real parts located on the negative half-axis are -5, -5, -5, -5, -13, -13, -15, -15, -23, -23, -25, -25, -33, -33, -37, -37, - 43, -43, -49, -49, -57, -57, -65, -65, -73, -75, -83, -87, -95, -103, -115, -127. The real part 5 corresponding to bit combination 001111 is symmetric to the real part -5 corresponding to bit combination 101111 about the origin; the real part 5 corresponding to bit combination 001110 is symmetric to the real part -5 corresponding to bit combination 101110 about the origin; the real part 13 corresponding to bit combination 001001 is symmetric to the real part -13 corresponding to bit combination 101001 about the origin. These are not listed individually here. The 32 real parts located on the positive semi-axis mentioned in Example 3 are as described above. Another example of the real parts located on the positive half-axis, as described in Example 3, is the 32 real parts located on the negative half-axis described above. Another example of the real part located on the negative half-axis.

[0170] Specifically, the aforementioned 4096 constellation points include at least one constellation point group. Since at least two constellation points in any constellation point group have the same position coordinates, the real parts of the position coordinates of at least two constellation points in any constellation point group are the same.

[0171] For example, the above-mentioned at least one constellation point group includes a first constellation point group, which includes a first constellation point, a second constellation point, a third constellation point, and a fourth constellation point. The first constellation point, the second constellation point, the third constellation point, and the fourth constellation point have the same position coordinates. The real part of the position coordinates of the first constellation point is the first real part, the real part of the position coordinates of the second constellation point is the second real part, the real part of the position coordinates of the third constellation point is the third real part, and the real part of the fourth constellation point is the fourth real part. The first real part, the second real part, the third real part, and the fourth real part are the same, but the first real part, the second real part, the third real part, and the fourth real part correspond to different bit combinations among the above-mentioned 64 bit combinations. For example, in the bit combination b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 b8 b9 b10 b11 shown in Table 6 above, b0 b2 b4 b6 b8 b10 is 001111, and the real part corresponding to it is 5. In the bit combination b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 b8 b9 shown in Table 6 above, b0 b2 b4 b6 b8 b10 is 001110, and the real part corresponding to it is also 5. In the bit combination b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 b8 b9 shown in Table 6 above, b0 b2 b4 b6 b8 b10 is 001100, and the real part corresponding to it is also 5. In the bit combination b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 b8 b9 shown in Table 6 above, b0 b2 b4 b6 b8 b10 is 001101, and the real part corresponding to it is also 5.

[0172] For example, the number of identical real parts among the aforementioned 64 real parts satisfies 2. m m is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0173] For example, the smaller the absolute value of the real part, the more identical real parts there are; conversely, the larger the absolute value of the real part, the fewer identical real parts there are. For instance, bit combination 001111 corresponds to real part 5, bit combination 001110 also corresponds to real part 5, bit combination 001100 also corresponds to real part 5, and bit combination 001101 also corresponds to real part 5, so the number of identical real parts is 2; bit combination 001001 corresponds to real part 13 and bit combination 001000 corresponds to real part 13, so the number of identical real parts is 2; bit combination 011011 corresponds to real part 73, which is greater than real part 5 and real part 13, and none of the 64 real parts shown in Table 6 are identical to real part 73, so the number of identical real parts is 1.

[0174] Additionally, Table 7 below shows an example of the mapping relationship between the 64 bit combinations corresponding to the 64 imaginary parts and the 64 imaginary parts. It should be understood that the values ​​of the imaginary parts (i.e., the magnitude of Im(x)) in Table 7 are only examples. In practical applications, Im(x) can be adjusted accordingly based on power consumption requirements, such as amplifying or reducing the values ​​of Im(x) shown in Table 7.

[0175] Table 7

[0176] The 64 imaginary parts shown in Table 7 above include 32 imaginary parts located on the positive half-axis and 32 imaginary parts located on the negative half-axis. The 32 imaginary parts located on the positive half-axis and the 32 imaginary parts located on the negative half-axis are symmetrical about the origin. For example, among the 64 imaginary parts shown in Table 7 above, the 32 imaginary parts located on the positive half-axis are 5, 5, 5, 5, 13, 13, 15, 15, 23, 23, 25, 25, 33, 33, 37, 37, 43, 43, 49, 49, 57, 57, 65, 65, 73, 75, 83, 87, 95, 103, 115, and 127, respectively. The 32 imaginary parts located on the negative half-axis are -5, -5, -5, -5, -13, -13, -15, -15, -23, -23, -25, -25, -33, -33, -37, -37, - 43, -43, -49, -49, -57, -57, -65, -65, -73, -75, -83, -87, -95, -103, -115, -127. The imaginary part 5 corresponding to bit combination 001111 is symmetric to the imaginary part -5 corresponding to bit combination 101111 about the origin; the imaginary part 5 corresponding to bit combination 001110 is symmetric to the imaginary part -5 corresponding to bit combination 101110 about the origin; the imaginary part 13 corresponding to bit combination 001001 is symmetric to the imaginary part -13 corresponding to bit combination 101001 about the origin. These are not listed individually here. The 32 imaginary parts located on the positive half-axis mentioned in Example 3 are as described above. Another example of the imaginary part located on the positive half-axis, Example 3, describes 32 imaginary parts located on the negative half-axis as described above. Another example of the imaginary part located on the negative half-axis.

[0177] Specifically, the aforementioned 4096 constellation points include at least one constellation point group, and at least two constellation points in any constellation point group have the same position coordinates. Therefore, the imaginary parts of the position coordinates of at least two constellation points in any constellation point group are the same.

[0178] For example, the above-mentioned at least one constellation point group includes a first constellation point group, which includes a first constellation point, a second constellation point, a third constellation point, and a fourth constellation point. The first constellation point, the second constellation point, the third constellation point, and the fourth constellation point have the same position coordinates. The imaginary part of the position coordinates of the first constellation point is the first imaginary part, the imaginary part of the position coordinates of the second constellation point is the second imaginary part, the imaginary part of the position coordinates of the third constellation point is the third imaginary part, and the imaginary part of the fourth constellation point is the fourth imaginary part. The first imaginary part, the second imaginary part, the third imaginary part, and the fourth imaginary part are the same, but the first imaginary part, the second imaginary part, the third imaginary part, and the fourth imaginary part correspond to different bit combinations among the above-mentioned 64 bit combinations. For example, in the bit combination b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 b8 b9 b10 b11 corresponding to the first constellation point shown in Table 7 above, b1 b3 b5 b7 b9 b11 is 001111, and the imaginary part is 5. In the bit combination b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 b8 b9 corresponding to the second constellation point shown in Table 7 above, b1 b3 b5 b7 b9 b11 is 001110, and the imaginary part is also 5. In the bit combination b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 b8 b9 corresponding to the third constellation point shown in Table 7 above, b1 b3 b5 b7 b9 b11 is 001100, and the imaginary part is also 5. In the bit combination b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 b8 b9 corresponding to the fourth constellation point shown in Table 7 above, b1 b3 b5 b7 b9 b11 is 001101, and the imaginary part is also 5.

[0179] For example, the number of identical imaginary parts among the aforementioned 64 imaginary parts also satisfies 2. m m is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0180] For example, the smaller the absolute value of the imaginary part, the more identical imaginary parts there are; conversely, the larger the absolute value of the imaginary part, the fewer identical imaginary parts there are. For instance, bit combination 001111 corresponds to imaginary part 5, bit combination 001110 also corresponds to imaginary part 5, bit combination 001100 also corresponds to imaginary part 5, and bit combination 001101 also corresponds to imaginary part 5, so the number of identical imaginary parts is 2; bit combination 001001 corresponds to imaginary part 13 and bit combination 001000 corresponds to the same imaginary part 13, so the number of identical imaginary parts is 2; bit combination 011011 corresponds to imaginary part 73, which is greater than both imaginary part 5 and imaginary part 13, and none of the 64 imaginary parts shown in Table 7 are identical to imaginary part 73, so the number of identical imaginary parts is 1.

[0181] For example, the first bit combination among the 64 bit combinations corresponding to the 64 real parts corresponds to the first real part among the 64 real parts, and the first bit combination among the 64 bit combinations corresponding to the 64 imaginary parts corresponds to the first imaginary part among the 64 imaginary parts. The first real part and the first imaginary part are equal, and the first bit combination can represent the bit value of one of the 64 bit combinations corresponding to the 64 real parts and the 64 bit combinations corresponding to the 64 imaginary parts. For example, the first bit combination 111111 shown in Table 6 corresponds to "-127" among the 64 real parts, and the first bit combination 111111 shown in Table 7 also corresponds to "-127" among the 64 imaginary parts; or, the first bit combination 111110 shown in Table 6 corresponds to "-115" among the 32 real parts, and the first bit combination 111110 shown in Table 7 also corresponds to "-115" among the 64 imaginary parts. These are not all listed here. Alternatively, the real and imaginary parts of any one of the 64 bit combinations are equal.

[0182] Furthermore, the four real parts of four of the 64 bit combinations shown in Table 6 above (e.g., b0 b2 b4 b6 b8 b10 are 001111, 001110, 001100, and 001101 respectively) are the same, and the four imaginary parts of the same four bit combinations shown in Table 7 above (e.g., b1 b3 b5 b7 b9 b11 are 001111, 001110, 001100, and 001101 respectively) are also the same. The four identical real parts in Table 6 and the four identical imaginary parts in Table 7 can represent 16 constellation points with the same position coordinates. The bit combination b0b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 b8 b9 b10 corresponding to these 16 constellation points is... b11 are 000011111111, 000011111110, 000011111010, 000011111011, 000011111101, 000011111100, 000011111000, 000011111001, 000011110101, 000011110100, 00001111000, 000011110001, 000011110111, 000011110110, 000011110010, 000011110011. Therefore, these 16 constellation points can form constellation point group #1 in at least one of the constellation point groups mentioned above.

[0183] Alternatively, two of the 64 bit combinations shown in Table 6 above (e.g., b0 b2 b4 b6 b8 b10 are 001001 and 001000) have the same two real parts, and the two bit combinations shown in Table 7 above (e.g., b1 b3 b5 b7 b9 b11 are 001001 and 001000) also have the same two imaginary parts. The two identical real parts in Table 6 and the two identical imaginary parts in Table 7 can represent four constellation points with the same position coordinates. The bit combinations b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 b8 b9 b10 b11 corresponding to these four constellation points are 000011000011, 000011000010, 000011000001, and 000011000000, respectively. Therefore, these four constellation points can form another constellation point group #2 in the above-mentioned constellation point group.

[0184] For example, if the modulation order of the first constellation set shown in Example 3 above is 12, then the modulation order of the second constellation set can be Q′. m =Q m +2 = 14. The second constellation set can be uniform. For example, the real or imaginary part of the second constellation set is [-127,-125,-123,-121,-119,-117,-115,-113,-111,-109,-107,-105,-103,-101,-99,-97,-95,-93,-91,-89,-87,-85,-83,-81]. -79, -77, -75, -73, -71, -69, -67, -65, -63, -61, -59, -57, -55, -53, -51, -49, -47, -45, -43, -41, -39, -37, -35, -33, -31, -29, -27, -25, -23, -21, -19, -17, -15,-13,-11,-9,-7,-5,-3,-1,1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,27,29,31,33,35,37,39,41,43,45,47,49,51,53,55,57,59,61,63,65,67,69,71 ,73,75,77,79,81,83,85,87,89,91,93,95,97,99,101,103,105,107,109,111,113,115,117,119,121,123,125,127], where the real and imaginary parts of the first constellation set are subsets of the real or imaginary parts of the second constellation set.

[0185] Figure 7 is a performance simulation diagram of Example 3 provided in this application. The horizontal axis of Figure 7 represents the symbol signal-to-noise ratio (Es / N0), and the vertical axis represents BLER. The left line in Figure 7 shows the performance of the first constellation set in Example 3, and the right line shows the best-performing uniform constellation with the same spectral efficiency as the first constellation set in Example 3. The best-performing uniform constellation with the same spectral efficiency as the first constellation set in Example 3 is 256QAM. As can be seen from Figure 7, the modulation and demodulation performance of the first constellation set in Example 3 of this application embodiment is significantly better than the modulation and demodulation performance of the best-performing uniform constellation with the same spectral efficiency.

[0186] As an example, the maximum number of identical real parts shown in Tables 2, 4, and 6 above is related to the modulation order Q of the first constellation set. m Related. Alternatively, the maximum number of identical imaginary parts shown in Tables 3, 5, and 7 above is related to the modulation order Q of the first constellation set. m Related.

[0187] For example, if the modulation order Q of the first constellation set m The maximum value M of the number of identical real parts or the maximum value M of the number of identical imaginary parts is less than or equal to the first threshold; if the modulation order Q of the first constellation set is 2. m The maximum value M of the number of identical real parts or the maximum value M of the number of identical imaginary parts is greater than or equal to the first threshold. This is only an example, and this application does not limit the maximum value of the number of identical real parts or the maximum value of the number of identical imaginary parts.

[0188] For example, the first threshold mentioned above is 8.

[0189] Another example is the maximum value M of the number of identical real parts or the maximum value M of the number of identical imaginary parts, and the modulation order Q of the first constellation set. m The modulation order Q′ of the second constellation set mentioned above m Related.

[0190] For example, the maximum value M of the number of identical real parts or the maximum value M of the number of identical imaginary parts satisfies the following formula 1:

[0191] For example, any one of the above-mentioned constellation point groups includes at least two constellation points, and the at least two constellation points include S constellation points, where the value of S satisfies 2. n n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0192] For example, the aforementioned at least one constellation point group includes a first constellation point group and a second constellation point group. The first constellation point group includes S1 constellation points, which have the same position coordinates; the second constellation point group includes S2 constellation points, which also have the same position coordinates. For example, the value of S1 satisfies 2. n1 n1 is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; the value of S2 satisfies 2 n2 n2 is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, and n1 and n2 can be the same or different.

[0193] For example, if the absolute value of the real part of the position coordinates of the S1 constellation points included in the first constellation point group is less than the absolute value of the real part of the position coordinates of the S2 constellation points included in the second constellation point group, then S1 is greater than or equal to S2. For example, constellation point group #1 shown in Example 3 above includes 16 constellation points. The real and imaginary parts of the position coordinates of these 16 constellation points are both 5, that is, the position coordinates are 5+5j. In addition, the four bit combinations among the 64 bit combinations shown in Table 6 above (for example, b0 b2 b4 b6 b8 b10 are 101111, 101110, 101100, and 101101 respectively) have the same four real parts. The four bit combinations shown in Table 7 above (for example, b1 b3 b5 b7 b9 b11 are 101111, 101110, 101100, and 101101 respectively) also have the same four imaginary parts. The four identical real parts in Table 6 and the four identical imaginary parts in Table 7 can represent 16 constellation points with the same position coordinates. The bit combination b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 b8 b9 b10 corresponding to these 16 constellation points can also represent 16 constellation points with the same position coordinates. b11 represents 110011111111, 110011111110, 110011111010, 11001111101, 110011111101, 110011111100, 110011111000, 110011111001, 110011110101, 110011110000, 110011110001, 110011110111, 11 0011110110, 110011110010, 110011110011, therefore these 16 constellation points can form constellation point group #3 in at least one of the constellation point groups mentioned above. The real and imaginary parts of the position coordinates of the 16 constellation points included in constellation point group #3 are both -5, that is, the position coordinates are -5-5j; constellation point group #2 shown in Example 3 above includes 4 constellation points. The real and imaginary parts of the position coordinates of these 4 constellation points are both 13, that is, the position coordinates are 13+13j;Furthermore, among the 64 bit combinations shown in Table 6 above, two bit combinations (e.g., b0 b2 b4 b6 b8 b10 being 101001 and 101000) have the same two real parts, and the two bit combinations shown in Table 7 above (e.g., b1 b3 b5 b7 b9 b11 being 101001 and 101000) also have the same two imaginary parts. The two identical real parts in Table 6 and the two identical imaginary parts in Table 7 can represent four constellation points with the same position coordinates. The bit combination b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 b8 b9 b10 corresponding to these four constellation points... b11 are 110011000011, 110011000010, 110011000001, and 110011000000. Therefore, these four constellation points can form another constellation point group #4 in at least one of the constellation point groups mentioned above. The real and imaginary parts of the position coordinates of the four constellation points included in constellation point group #4 are both -13, meaning the position coordinates are -13-13j. It can be seen that the smaller the absolute value of the real part of the position coordinates of the constellation points included in a constellation point group, the more constellation points that constellation point group includes.

[0194] Alternatively, the absolute value of the imaginary part of the position coordinates of the S1 constellation points included in the first constellation point group is less than the absolute value of the imaginary part of the position coordinates of the S2 constellation points included in the second constellation point group, and S1 is greater than or equal to S2.

[0195] In one example, if the first constellation point group is the constellation point group with the smallest absolute value of the real part of the position coordinates of the constellation points included in the at least one constellation point group, then the number of constellation points S1 included in the first constellation point group and the modulation order Q of the first constellation set are related. m Related.

[0196] For example, if the modulation order Q of the first constellation set m If the first constellation point group is less than or equal to the first threshold, the number of constellation points S1 included in the first constellation point group is 4; if the modulation order Q of the first constellation set is less than or equal to the first threshold, the number of constellation points S1 included in the first constellation point group is 4. m If the first threshold is greater than or equal to the first threshold, the number of constellation points S1 included in the first constellation point group is 16. This is only an example, and this application does not limit the number of constellation points S1 included in the first constellation point group.

[0197] For example, the first threshold mentioned above is 8.

[0198] Alternatively, the first constellation point group mentioned above is the constellation point group with the smallest absolute value of the imaginary part of the position coordinates of the constellation points included in at least one of the constellation point groups mentioned above.

[0199] Another example is the number of constellation points S1 included in the first constellation point group and the modulation order Q of the first constellation set.m The modulation order Q′ of the second constellation set mentioned above m Related.

[0200] For example, the number of constellation points S1 included in the first constellation point group satisfies the following formula 2:

[0201] The channel symbol x can be obtained using the method described above. Alternatively, the channel symbol x can be normalized by multiplying each channel symbol x by the same normalization factor η, so that the average energy of the channel symbol to be transmitted is 1.

[0202] For example, the normalization factor mentioned above Where, x l Representing different channel symbols, x l It can be x0, x1, ...

[0203] S214, the transmitting device outputs the above-mentioned modulation symbol stream.

[0204] After modulation is complete, the transmitting device outputs a modulation symbol stream.

[0205] Optionally, method 200 may also include a demodulation method on the demodulation side. This will be explained below with reference to S216 to S220.

[0206] S216, The receiving device acquires the symbol stream to be demodulated.

[0207] The symbol stream to be demodulated can refer to the modulated symbol stream output by the transmitting device and the received message at the receiving device after transmission through the channel.

[0208] S218, the receiving device demodulates the above-mentioned symbol stream to be demodulated based on the first demodulation method to obtain the demodulated sequence.

[0209] Specifically, the first demodulation method corresponds to the first constellation set, which includes L constellation points.

[0210] Specifically, the position coordinates of the L constellation points included in the first constellation set are a subset of the position coordinates of the L′ constellation points included in the second constellation set.

[0211] Specifically, the first and second constellation sets in S218 can be referred to in the first and second constellation sets in S212 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0212] The demodulation method described above can be the inverse operation of the modulation method in S212. By demodulation, the bit information of each symbol can be obtained.

[0213] S220, the receiving device outputs the demodulated sequence.

[0214] The demodulated sequence output by the receiving device can be further decoded, and the decoding method can be the inverse operation of the encoding method.

[0215] Through the modulation and demodulation method 200 described above, different constellation points can use the same position coordinates, that is, different bit combinations can be modulated into the same channel symbol, which can further improve the capacity.

[0216] The communication device provided in this application is described below.

[0217] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the communication device 10 provided in this application. The communication device 10 can be a transmitting device, or a device applied to the transmitting device that can realize the corresponding functions of the transmitting device in the method embodiments of this application, such as a chip, processor, or circuit. Alternatively, the communication device 10 can be a receiving device, or a device applied to the receiving device that can realize the corresponding functions of the receiving device in the method embodiments of this application, such as a chip, processor, or circuit.

[0218] Optionally, the communication device 10 includes a processing module 11, which may be a processor, a processing board, a processing unit, or a processing device, etc. When the communication device 10 is a transmitting device or a device applied to a transmitting device, the processing module 11 is used to modulate bits in the first bit sequence based on a first modulation scheme, etc. Specific processes can be found in the detailed descriptions of the corresponding steps in the method embodiments, and will not be repeated here. When the communication device 10 is a receiving device or a device applied to a receiving device, the processing module 11 is used to demodulate the symbol stream to be demodulated based on a first demodulation scheme, etc. Specific processes can be found in the detailed descriptions of the corresponding steps in the method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0219] Optionally, the communication device 10 further includes a communication module 12, which may also be referred to as a transceiver module, transceiver, transceiver unit, or transceiver device, etc., for performing receiving (or input) and / or sending (or output) operations. For example, when the communication device 10 is a transmitting end device or a device applied to a transmitting end device, the communication module 12 can be used to output the modulated symbol stream obtained by the processing module 11. Similarly, when the communication device 10 is a receiving end device or a device applied to a receiving end device, the communication module 12 can be used to acquire the symbol stream to be demodulated and send the symbol stream to be demodulated to the processing module 11; and output the demodulated sequence obtained after the processing module 11 demodulates the symbol stream to be demodulated. In addition, the aforementioned communication module and / or processing module can be implemented by virtual modules. For example, the processing module can be implemented by a software functional unit or a virtual device, and the communication module can be implemented by a software function or a virtual device. Alternatively, the processing module or communication module can also be implemented by a physical device, for example, if the device is implemented using a chip / circuit (e.g., an integrated circuit or logic circuit). The communication module may be an input / output circuit and / or a communication interface, performing input operations (corresponding to the aforementioned receiving operation) and output operations (corresponding to the aforementioned sending operation); the processing module is an integrated processor, microprocessor, or circuit (e.g., integrated circuit, logic circuit, etc.).

[0220] The module division in this application is illustrative and represents only one logical functional division. In actual implementation, other division methods are possible. Furthermore, the functional modules in the various examples of this application can be integrated into a single processor, exist as separate physical entities, or be integrated into a single module. The integrated modules described above can be implemented in hardware, as software functional modules, or a combination of hardware and software.

[0221] Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device 20 provided in this application. The communication device 20 can be used to implement the functions of any communication device (e.g., a terminal device or a network device) in the communication system described in the foregoing examples. The communication device 20 may include at least one processor 21. Optionally, the processor 21 (or processing device) is coupled to a memory, which may be located within the communication device, integrated with the processor, or located outside the communication device. For example, the communication device 20 may also include at least one memory 22. The memory 22 stores computer programs, instructions, or data necessary for implementing any of the above method embodiments; the processor 21 may execute the computer programs, instructions, or data stored in the memory 22 to perform the corresponding functions of the transmitting or receiving device in any of the above embodiments.

[0222] Optionally, the communication device 20 may further include a communication interface 23, through which the communication device 20 can interact with other devices. For example, the communication interface 23 may be a transceiver, circuit, bus, module, pin, or other type of communication interface. When the communication device 20 is a chip-based device or circuit, the communication interface 23 in the device 20 may also be an input / output circuit, capable of inputting information (or receiving information) and / or outputting information (or sending information). The processor may be an integrated circuit or logic circuit, etc., and the processor can determine the output information based on the input information.

[0223] The coupling in this application refers to indirect coupling or communication connection between devices, units, or modules, which can be electrical, mechanical, or other forms, used for information exchange between devices, units, or modules. Processor 21 may operate in conjunction with memory 22 and communication interface 23. This application does not limit the connection medium between the aforementioned processor 21, memory 22, and communication interface 23.

[0224] Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the chip 30 provided in this application. The chip 30 includes a circuit 31 and a communication interface 32. The circuit 31 can be a logic circuit, an integrated circuit, etc., and the communication interface 32 can also be called an input / output circuit, input / output interface, interface circuit, etc., which can input information (or receive information) or output information (or send information). The chip 30 can execute the methods executed by the transmitting end device or the receiving end device in the various embodiments of this application.

[0225] In addition, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions, which, when executed on a computer, cause the operations and / or processes performed by the sending or receiving device in the various method embodiments of this application to be executed.

[0226] This application also provides a computer program product, which includes computer program code or instructions. When the computer program code or instructions are run on a computer, the operations and / or processes performed by the sending end device or the receiving end device in the various method embodiments of this application are executed.

[0227] Furthermore, this application also provides a chip including a processor. A memory for storing a computer program is provided independently of the chip, and the processor is used to execute the computer program stored in the memory, so that operations and / or processes performed by a transmitting or receiving device in any method embodiment are executed. Further, the chip may also include a communication interface. The communication interface may be an input / output interface or an interface circuit, etc. Further, the chip may also include the memory.

[0228] This application provides a communication system, including the transmitting end device and the receiving end device in the above method embodiments.

[0229] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0230] The processor in this application embodiment has signal processing capabilities and can be a central processing unit (CPU), or a general-purpose processor, digital signal processor (DSP), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, or discrete hardware component. It can implement or execute the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in this application. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the methods disclosed in this application can be directly embodied in the execution of the hardware processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules within the processor. The software modules can reside in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, or other mature storage media in the art. This storage medium is located in memory; the processor reads information from the memory and, in conjunction with its hardware, completes the steps of the above methods.

[0231] In the embodiments of this application, the memory can be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or it can include both volatile and non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. The volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example, but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous linked dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM). It should be noted that the memory used in the systems and methods described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0232] The technical solutions provided in this application can be implemented in whole or in part through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, they can be implemented in whole or in part as a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, a terminal device, an access network device, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available media may be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (e.g., digital video discs (DVDs)), or semiconductor media, etc.

[0233] The term "comprising" and any variations thereof used in the embodiments of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the steps or units listed, but may optionally include other steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0234] In this application, examples may reference each other without logical contradiction. For example, methods and / or terms between method embodiments may reference each other, functions and / or terms between device embodiments may reference each other, and functions and / or terms between device examples and method examples may reference each other.

[0235] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0236] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0237] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0238] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0239] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

Claims

1. A modulation method, characterized in that, include: Obtain the first bit sequence to be transmitted; The bits in the first bit sequence are modulated using the first modulation scheme to obtain a modulated symbol stream, wherein... The first modulation method corresponds to a first constellation set, which includes at least one constellation point group. Any one of these constellation point groups includes at least two constellation points, and these at least two constellation points have the same position coordinates. The first constellation set includes L constellation points, each of which corresponds one-to-one with L bit combinations, and each of the L bit combinations contains Q bits. m The position coordinates of the L constellation points are a subset of the position coordinates of the L′ constellation points included in the second constellation set, where L, L′, and Q are the coordinates of the L constellation points. m It is a positive integer; Output the modulation symbol stream.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The position coordinates of the L constellation points are a subset of the position coordinates of the L′ constellation points included in the second constellation set, including: the real part of the position coordinates of the L constellation points is a subset of the real part of the position coordinates of the L′ constellation points.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The position coordinates of the L constellation points are a subset of the position coordinates of the L′ constellation points included in the second constellation set, including: the imaginary part of the position coordinates of the L constellation points is a subset of the imaginary part of the position coordinates of the L′ constellation points.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The modulation order of the first constellation set is Q. m The modulation order of the second constellation set is Q′ m , Q m Q′ m Let Q' be a positive integer. m Greater than Q m .

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The position coordinates of the L constellation points include Individual departments and The imaginary part, the Each real part and the aforementioned Each virtual part is respectively with Each bit combination corresponds one-to-one. The number of bits in each bit combination is Q. m / 2, the The first bit combination in the bit combination and the The first real part corresponds to the first real part of the first bit combination and the first bit combination with the first real part of the first real part. The first imaginary part corresponds to the first real part, and the first imaginary part is equal to the first real part.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The at least one constellation point group includes a first constellation point group, which includes a first constellation point and a second constellation point. The first real part of the position coordinates of the first constellation point and the second real part of the position coordinates of the second constellation point are the same. The first real part and the second real part respectively correspond to the constellation point. Different bit combinations in a given bit combination.

7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The Each part includes The real part located on the positive half-axis and The real part located on the negative half-axis, the The real part located on the positive half-axis and the... The real part of the negative half-axis is symmetric about the origin.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The at least two constellation points include S constellation points. Where S = 2 n , where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The at least one constellation point group includes a first constellation point group and a second constellation point group. The first constellation point group includes S1 constellation points, and the second constellation point group includes S2 constellation points. The absolute value of the real part of the position coordinates of the S1 constellation points in the first constellation point group is less than the absolute value of the real part of the position coordinates of the S2 constellation points in the second constellation point group, and S1 is greater than or equal to S2. Where S1 and S2 are positive integers.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The at least one constellation point group includes a first constellation point group, which is the constellation point group included in the at least one constellation point group whose absolute value of the real part of the position coordinates of the constellation points is the smallest. If the modulation order Q of the first constellation set is... m If the first constellation point group includes 4 constellation points and the modulation order Q of the first constellation set is less than or equal to the first threshold; m If the first threshold is greater than or equal to the first threshold, the first constellation point group includes 16 constellation points.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The at least one constellation point group includes a first constellation point group, which is the constellation point group with the smallest absolute value of the real part of the position coordinates of the constellation points included in the at least one constellation point group. The number S1 of constellation points included in the first constellation point group satisfies the following relationship: Among them, Q′ m Q is the modulation order of the second constellation set. m is the modulation order of the first constellation set.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The modulation order of the first constellation set is Q. m The modulation order of the second constellation set is Q′ m , Q′ m =Q m +2, or Q′ m =Q m +4, or Q′ m =Q m +6.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, The modulation order Q of the first constellation set m It can be 8, 10, or 12.

14. A demodulation method, characterized in that, include: Obtain the symbol stream to be demodulated. The bits in the symbol stream to be demodulated are demodulated using the first demodulation method to obtain the demodulated sequence, wherein... The first demodulation method corresponds to a first constellation set, which includes at least one constellation point group. Any constellation point group within the first or at least one constellation point group includes at least two constellation points with the same position coordinates. The first constellation set includes L constellation points, each of which corresponds one-to-one with L bit combinations. The number of bits in each of the L bit combinations is Q. m The position coordinates of the L constellation points are a subset of the position coordinates of the L′ constellation points included in the second constellation set, where L, L′, and Q are the coordinates of the L constellation points. m It is a positive integer; Output the demodulated sequence.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The position coordinates of the L constellation points are a subset of the position coordinates of the L′ constellation points included in the second constellation set, including: the real part of the position coordinates of the L constellation points is a subset of the real part of the position coordinates of the L′ constellation points.

16. The method according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that, The position coordinates of the L constellation points are a subset of the position coordinates of the L′ constellation points included in the second constellation set, including: the imaginary part of the position coordinates of the L constellation points is a subset of the imaginary part of the position coordinates of the L′ constellation points.

17. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that, The modulation order of the first constellation set is Q. m The modulation order of the second constellation set is Q′ m , Q m Q′ m Let Q' be a positive integer. m Greater than Q m .

18. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that, The position coordinates of the L constellation points include Individual departments and The virtual part, the said Each real part and the aforementioned Each virtual part is respectively with Each bit combination corresponds one-to-one. The number of bits in each bit combination is Q. m / 2, the The first bit combination in the bit combination and the The first real part corresponds to the first real part of the first bit combination and the first bit combination with the first real part of the first real part. The first imaginary part corresponds to the first real part, and the first imaginary part is equal to the first real part.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that, The at least one constellation point group includes a first constellation point group, which includes a first constellation point and a second constellation point. The first real part of the position coordinates of the first constellation point and the second real part of the position coordinates of the second constellation point are the same. The first real part and the second real part respectively correspond to the constellation point. Different bit combinations in a given bit combination.

20. The method according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that, The Each part includes The real part located on the positive half-axis and The real part located on the negative half-axis, the The real part located on the positive half-axis and the... The real part of the negative half-axis is symmetric about the origin.

21. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 20, characterized in that, The at least two constellation points include S constellation points. Where S = 2 n , where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

22. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 21, characterized in that, The at least one constellation point group includes a first constellation point group and a second constellation point group. The first constellation point group includes S1 constellation points, and the second constellation point group includes S2 constellation points. The absolute value of the real part of the position coordinates of the S1 constellation points in the first constellation point group is less than the absolute value of the real part of the position coordinates of the S2 constellation points in the second constellation point group, and S1 is greater than or equal to S2. Where S1 and S2 are positive integers.

23. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 22, characterized in that, The at least one constellation point group includes a first constellation point group, which is the constellation point group included in the at least one constellation point group whose absolute value of the real part of the position coordinates of the constellation points is the smallest. If the modulation order Q of the first constellation set is... m If the first constellation point group includes 4 constellation points and the modulation order Q of the first constellation set is less than or equal to the first threshold; m If the first threshold is greater than or equal to the first threshold, the first constellation point group includes 16 constellation points.

24. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 23, characterized in that, The at least one constellation point group includes a first constellation point group, which is the constellation point group with the smallest absolute value of the real part of the position coordinates of the constellation points included in the at least one constellation point group. The number S1 of constellation points included in the first constellation point group satisfies the following relationship: Among them, Q′ m Q is the modulation order of the second constellation set. m is the modulation order of the first constellation set.

25. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 24, characterized in that, The modulation order of the first constellation set is Q. m The modulation order of the second constellation set is Q′ m , Q′ m =Q m +2, or Q′ m =Q m +4, or Q′ m =Q m +6.

26. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 25, characterized in that, The modulation order Q of the first constellation set m It can be 8, 10, or 12.

27. A communication device, characterized in that, The system includes a communication interface and circuitry. The communication interface is used to acquire information required to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-13, and to send the information to the circuitry, which is used to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-13 based on the received information; or... The communication interface is used to obtain information required to perform the method as described in any one of claims 14-26, and to send the information to the circuit, which is used to perform the method as described in any one of claims 14-26 based on the received information.

28. A communication device, characterized in that, It includes at least one processor, said at least one processor being configured to execute the computer program or instructions to cause the communication device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-26.

29. The communication device according to claim 28, characterized in that, The communication device further includes a memory for storing the computer program or instructions.

30. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions that, when executed on a computer, implement the method as described in any one of claims 1-26.

Images