Communication method and related apparatus

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of communications. Disclosed are a communication method and a related apparatus. The method comprises: receiving first request information from a first distributed unit (DU); on the basis of the correlation between first information of a first channel and first information of a second channel in a multi-frequency association map, determining the second channel associated with the first channel; sending second request information to a second DU configured to measure the second channel, so as to acquire the first information of the second channel; and sending response information to the first DU, wherein the response information comprises the first information of the second channel and the multi-frequency association map, and the first information of the second channel and the multi-frequency association map are used for inferring the first information of the first channel. By means of first determining, when the first information of the first channel needs to be measured, the second channel associated with the first channel, and then directly inferring the first information of the first channel on the basis of the multi-frequency association map and the first information of the second channel, accurate restoration of the true state of a channel is facilitated, thereby improving the accuracy of a channel map.

Description

Communication methods and related devices

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202510124934.4, filed on January 26, 2025, entitled "Communication Method and Related Apparatus", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and related apparatus. Background Technology

[0003] Channel maps are used in the field of communications to describe channel characteristics. A channel map is defined as a database that stores location-based channel features, including channel statistical covariance matrix, angle spectrum, delay spectrum, path loss, etc. For example, a physical cell can be divided into two-dimensional grids, with each grid storing several channel features in the form of a matrix, vector, or scalar.

[0004] In existing technologies, channel maps are constructed independently for each frequency band, lacking effective connections between them. This method results in isolated measurements across multiple frequency bands in multi-band transmission scenarios due to the lack of inter-band correlation information, hindering collaborative data utilization. Consequently, the constructed channel maps suffer from significant deficiencies in reflecting the true characteristics of the channel, exhibiting insufficient accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Firstly, this application provides a communication method. The method is applied to a first unit located within an Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) architecture. The O-RAN architecture may include a Service Unit (SU), a Distributed Unit (DU), a Centralized Unit (CU), and a Radio Unit (RU). The SU is responsible for management functions such as channel mapping, sensing, and positioning. The CU is responsible for functions such as Radio Resource Control (RRC), Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP), and Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP). The DU is responsible for physical layer functions such as PHY, MAC, and RLC. The RU is connected to a user equipment.

[0006] For example, the method can be executed by a first unit, which can be a Substrate (SU), a functional module or component of the SU, or a circuit or chip applicable to the SU (such as a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a system-on-chip (SoC) chip containing a modem core, or a system-in-package (SIP) chip, etc.). The method includes:

[0007] The system receives a first request message from a first distributed unit (DU), which requests the measurement of first information of a first channel; determines a second channel associated with the first channel based on the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the first information of the second channel in a multi-frequency correlation map; sends a second request message to a second DU used to measure the second channel, which is used to obtain the first information of the second channel; and sends a response message to the first DU, which includes the first information of the second channel and the multi-frequency correlation map, which are used to infer the first information of the first channel.

[0008] As can be seen, when the first DU needs to measure the first information of the first channel, this scheme first determines the second channel associated with the first channel based on the correlation, and then sends the multi-frequency correlation map and the first information of the second channel to the first DU. This allows the first DU to directly infer the first information of the first channel based on the multi-frequency correlation map and the first information of the second channel, realizing the coordination of channel information in multiple frequency bands, reducing the latency of cross-frequency transmission process, and facilitating the accurate restoration of the true state of the channel, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel map. At the same time, the correlation relationship of the multi-frequency band map can be obtained based on the multi-carrier associated channel twin, enabling cross-frequency band measurement-free beam alignment, synchronization, and channel state information (CSI) acquisition.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the first information includes at least one of the following: time delay power spectrum, angular power time delay spectrum, channel covariance matrix, and channel feature basis.

[0010] The time delay power spectrum can provide the time delay and power distribution of a signal in the channel, meeting the need for accurate estimation of the channel state in a multipath environment. The angle power time delay spectrum provides comprehensive information on the angle, power and time delay of the signal. The channel covariance matrix reflects the signal correlation. The channel feature basis is used for signal decomposition and reconstruction, supporting channel modeling and simulation. By setting the first information, including at least one of the time delay power spectrum, angle power time delay spectrum, channel covariance matrix and channel feature basis, the needs for acquiring and processing different information in the channel can be met.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the second channel is associated with the first channel when the correlation between the first information of the second channel and the first channel is greater than a preset threshold.

[0012] The correlation between the first information of the second channel and the first channel can be used to measure the degree of linear correlation between the first information of the two channels. When the correlation between the first information of the two channels is greater than a preset threshold, the degree of linear correlation between the first information of the two channels is high. At this time, the second channel is considered to be associated with the first channel, so that the first information of the first channel can be directly determined based on the first information of the second channel.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the multi-frequency correlation map is constructed using the following method:

[0014] The receiving central unit (CU) calculates the correlation of the first information of the first channel and the second channel; the receiving CU calculates the common space and difference space of the first channel and the second channel; and the multi-frequency correlation map is obtained based on the correlation of the first information of the first channel and the second channel, as well as the common space and difference space of the first channel and the second channel.

[0015] By constructing a multi-frequency correlation map based on information such as the correlation, common space, and difference space of the first and second channels, the correlation and differences between the two channels can be presented from multiple dimensions, thus facilitating the inference of information about a specific channel based on the multi-frequency correlation map.

[0016] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the multi-frequency correlation map is constructed using the following method:

[0017] The correlation of the first information of the first channel and the second channel is calculated by the receiving CU; the common space and difference space of the first channel and the second channel are calculated by the receiving CU; the first array calibration matrix of the first channel and the second array calibration matrix of the second channel are calculated by the receiving CU; and a multi-frequency correlation map is obtained based on the correlation of the first information of the first channel and the second channel, the common space and difference space of the first channel and the second channel, and the first array calibration matrix of the first channel and the second array calibration matrix of the second channel.

[0018] By constructing a multi-frequency correlation map based on information such as the correlation, common space, difference space, and array calibration matrix of the first and second channels, the correlation and differences between the two channels can be presented from multiple dimensions. This makes it convenient to infer information about a specific channel based on the multi-frequency correlation map. At the same time, the array calibration matrix in the multi-frequency correlation map can correct the differences in array characteristics between the two channels, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the inferred information.

[0019] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, before receiving the correlation of the first information of the first channel and the second channel calculated by the CU, the method further includes: sending a first signaling to the CU, the first signaling being used to instruct the CU on a first calculation method for calculating the correlation of the first information of the first channel and the second channel.

[0020] By sending signaling to the CU to instruct the CU on how to calculate the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the second channel, the calculation method can be dynamically adjusted according to different scenarios and needs, accurately quantifying the correlation between the first information of each frequency band channel, thereby improving the accuracy of the constructed multi-frequency correlation map.

[0021] Secondly, a communication method is provided according to an embodiment of this application. This method is applied to a second unit located in an O-RAN architecture, as described in the first aspect. For example, the method can be executed by the second unit, which can be a DU, a functional module or component of the DU, or a circuit or chip applicable to the DU (such as a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a system-on-a-chip (SoC) chip containing a modem core, or a system-in-package (SIP) chip, etc.). The method includes:

[0022] Send a first request message to the SU, the first request message being used to request the measurement of the first information of the first channel; receive a response message sent by the SU, the response message including the first information of the second channel associated with the first channel and a multi-frequency correlation map; determine the first information of the first channel based on the first information of the second channel and the multi-frequency correlation map.

[0023] As can be seen, when the first DU needs to measure the first information of the first channel, this scheme receives the first information of the second channel associated with the first channel, as well as the multi-frequency correlation map, and then infers the first information of the first channel based on the multi-frequency correlation map and the first information of the second channel. This achieves multi-band channel information coordination, reduces cross-frequency transmission process delay, and is conducive to accurately restoring the true state of the channel, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel map. At the same time, the correlation relationship of the multi-band map can be obtained based on the multi-carrier associated channel twin, which enables cross-band measurement-free beam alignment, synchronization, and CSI information acquisition.

[0024] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, the first information includes at least one of the following: time delay power spectrum, angular power time delay spectrum, channel covariance matrix, and channel feature basis.

[0025] The time delay power spectrum can provide the time delay and power distribution of a signal in the channel, meeting the need for accurate estimation of the channel state in a multipath environment. The angle power time delay spectrum provides comprehensive information on the angle, power and time delay of the signal. The channel covariance matrix reflects the signal correlation. The channel feature basis is used for signal decomposition and reconstruction, supporting channel modeling and simulation. By setting the first information, including at least one of the time delay power spectrum, angle power time delay spectrum, channel covariance matrix and channel feature basis, the needs for acquiring and processing different information in the channel can be met.

[0026] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, the second channel is associated with the first channel when the correlation between the first information of the second channel and the first channel is greater than a preset threshold.

[0027] The correlation between the first information of the second channel and the first channel can be used to measure the degree of linear correlation between the first information of the two channels. When the correlation between the first information of the two channels is greater than a preset threshold, the degree of linear correlation between the first information of the two channels is high. At this time, the second channel is considered to be associated with the first channel, so that the first information of the first channel can be directly determined based on the first information of the second channel.

[0028] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, the multi-frequency correlation map further includes a common space and a difference space between the first and second channels. Based on the received first information of the second channel and the multi-frequency correlation map, the first information of the first channel is determined, including:

[0029] Based on the first information of the second channel, the common space and difference space of the first and second channels in the multi-frequency correlation map, determine the first sub-information located in the common space and the second sub-information located in the difference space of the second channel; based on the first sub-information and the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the first information of the second channel, determine the third sub-information located in the common space of the first channel; based on the second sub-information, the difference space of the first and second channels in the multi-frequency correlation map, and the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the first information of the second channel, determine the fourth sub-information located in the difference space of the first channel; based on the third sub-information and the fourth sub-information, determine the first information of the first channel.

[0030] By accurately obtaining the third sub-information of the first channel in the common space based on the correlation of the first information and the first sub-information of the second channel located in the common space, the third sub-information of the first channel in the common space can be obtained. At the same time, although the first channel and the second channel have different information characteristics in the difference space, the fourth sub-information of the first channel in the difference space can be inferred based on the characteristics of the difference space, the correlation of the first information, and the second sub-information of the second channel located in the difference space. Finally, the first information of the first channel is obtained based on the third and fourth sub-information, which helps to improve the accuracy of the first information of the first channel.

[0031] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, the multi-frequency correlation map further includes a common space and a difference space between the first and second channels, as well as a first array calibration matrix for the first channel and a second array calibration matrix for the second channel. Based on the received first information of the second channel and the multi-frequency correlation map, the first information of the first channel is determined, including:

[0032] Based on the first information of the second channel, the common space and difference space of the first and second channels in the multi-frequency correlation map, the first sub-information located in the common space and the second sub-information located in the difference space of the second channel are determined; based on the first sub-information, the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the first information of the second channel, and the first array calibration matrix of the first channel and the second array calibration matrix of the second channel, the third sub-information located in the common space of the first channel is determined; based on the second sub-information, the difference space of the first and second channels in the multi-frequency correlation map, the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the second channel, the first array calibration matrix of the first channel and the second array calibration matrix of the second channel, the fourth sub-information located in the difference space of the first channel is determined; based on the third and fourth sub-information, the first information of the first channel is determined.

[0033] Based on the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the second channel, and the common space and difference space of the first and second channels, the first array calibration matrix of the first channel and the second array calibration matrix of the second channel are further added. This can correct the differences in array characteristics between the two channels, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the first information of the first channel obtained by subsequent inference based on the first information of the second channel.

[0034] Thirdly, a communication method is provided according to an embodiment of this application. This method is applied to a third unit located in an O-RAN architecture, as described in the first aspect. For example, the method can be executed by the third unit, which may be a CU, a functional module or component of the CU, or a circuit or chip applicable to the CU (such as a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a system-on-chip (SoC) chip containing a modem core, or a system-in-package (SIP) chip, etc.). The method includes:

[0035] Receive the first channel measured by the first DU and the second channel measured by the second DU; determine the channel association information of the first channel and the second channel based on the first channel and the second channel. The channel association information is used to construct a multi-frequency association map. The channel association information includes the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the second channel; send the channel association information to the Service Unit (SU).

[0036] As can be seen, this scheme calculates the channel association information used to construct the multi-frequency association map based on the first and second channels. Subsequently, when it is necessary to obtain the information of the first channel, the information of the first channel can be directly inferred based on the information of the multi-frequency association map and the second channel. This realizes the coordination of channel information in multiple frequency bands, reduces the latency of cross-frequency transmission process, and is conducive to accurately restoring the true state of the channel, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel map. At the same time, the association relationship of the multi-frequency band map can be obtained based on the association channel twin of the multi-carrier, which enables cross-frequency band measurement-free beam alignment, synchronization, and CSI information acquisition.

[0037] In conjunction with the third aspect, in one possible implementation, determining the channel association information of the first channel and the second channel based on the first channel and the second channel includes: determining a first calculation method for the correlation based on the received first signaling; and calculating the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the second channel based on the first calculation method.

[0038] The CU determines the calculation method for the correlation of the first information between the first channel and the second channel based on the first signaling. It can dynamically adjust the calculation method according to different scenarios and requirements, accurately quantify the correlation of the first information of each frequency band channel, thereby improving the accuracy of the constructed multi-frequency correlation map.

[0039] In conjunction with the third aspect, in one possible implementation, the method further includes: if the first signaling is not received, determining a second calculation method for the correlation based on the default configuration; and calculating the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the second channel based on the second calculation method.

[0040] When the CU does not receive the first signaling, it uses the second calculation method determined by the default configuration to calculate the channel correlation, which can avoid the calculation interruption caused by the lack of signaling and ensure the integrity of the information in the multi-frequency correlation map.

[0041] In conjunction with the third aspect, in one possible implementation, the first information includes at least one of the following: time delay power spectrum, angular power time delay spectrum, channel covariance matrix, and channel feature basis.

[0042] The time delay power spectrum can obtain the time delay and power distribution of a signal in a channel, meeting the need for accurate estimation of channel state in a multipath environment. The angle power time delay spectrum provides comprehensive information on the angle, power and time delay of the signal. The channel covariance matrix reflects the signal correlation. The channel feature basis is used for signal decomposition and reconstruction, supporting channel modeling and simulation. By setting the first information to include at least one of the time delay power spectrum, angle power time delay spectrum, channel covariance matrix and channel feature basis, the needs for obtaining and processing different information in the channel can be met.

[0043] In conjunction with the third aspect, in one possible implementation, the channel association information also includes the common space and difference space of the first and second channels.

[0044] The common space information of the first and second channels has a high degree of similarity between the two channels. Using this information for inference can improve accuracy. The difference space contains information that is different between the first and second channels. When inferring the first information of the first channel based on the first information of the second channel, the difference space information can supplement the inference of the information unique to the first channel. By adding the common space and difference space of the first and second channels to the channel correlation information, the accuracy and completeness of subsequent information inference using multi-frequency correlation maps can be improved.

[0045] In conjunction with the third aspect, in one possible implementation, the channel association information also includes a first array calibration matrix of the first channel and a second array calibration matrix of the second channel.

[0046] The array calibration matrix can correct for differences in array characteristics between two channels. By adding the first array calibration matrix of the first channel and the second array calibration matrix of the second channel to the channel correlation information, the accuracy of subsequent information inference using multi-frequency correlation maps can be improved.

[0047] Fourthly, a communication device provided in the embodiments of this application includes:

[0048] A receiving unit is configured to receive first request information from a first distributed unit (DU), the first request information being used to request measurement of first information of a first channel.

[0049] The determining unit is used to determine the second channel associated with the first channel based on the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the second channel in the multi-frequency correlation map;

[0050] The first transmitting unit is used to send a second request information to the second DU used for measuring the second channel, the second request information being used to obtain the first information of the second channel;

[0051] The second transmitting unit is used to send response information to the first DU. The response information includes the first information of the second channel and the multi-frequency correlation map.

[0052] Fifthly, another communication device provided in the embodiments of this application includes:

[0053] The sending unit is used to send a first request information to the service unit SU, the first request information being used to request the measurement of first information of the first channel;

[0054] The receiving unit is used to receive response information transmitted by the SU. The response information includes first information of the second channel associated with the first channel and a multi-frequency association map.

[0055] The processing unit is used to determine the first information of the first channel based on the first information of the second channel and the multi-frequency correlation map.

[0056] Sixthly, another communication device provided in the embodiments of this application includes:

[0057] A receiving unit is used to receive the first channel measured by the first distributed unit (DU) and the second channel measured by the second DU.

[0058] The determining unit is used to determine the channel association information of the first channel and the second channel based on the first channel and the second channel. The channel association information is used to construct a multi-frequency association map. The channel association information includes the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the second channel.

[0059] The transmitting unit is used to send channel association information to the service unit SU.

[0060] Seventhly, the steps in the method designed in the first aspect above are applied to the service unit.

[0061] Eighthly, the steps in the method designed in the first aspect above are applied to the distributed unit.

[0062] Ninthly, the steps in the method designed in the third aspect above are applied to the central unit.

[0063] A tenth aspect is a service unit provided in an embodiment of this application, comprising a processor, a memory, and a computer program or instructions stored in the memory, wherein the processor executes the computer program or instructions to implement the steps in the method designed in the first aspect described above.

[0064] Eleventhly, a distributed unit provided in the embodiments of this application includes a processor, a memory, and a computer program or instructions stored in the memory, wherein the processor executes the computer program or instructions to implement the steps in the method designed in the first aspect above.

[0065] In a twelfth aspect, a central unit provided in an embodiment of this application includes a processor, a memory, and a computer program or instructions stored in the memory, wherein the processor executes the computer program or instructions to implement the steps in the method designed in the second aspect above.

[0066] In a thirteenth aspect, a chip provided in an embodiment of this application includes a processor, wherein the processor performs the steps in the method designed in the first or second aspect described above.

[0067] In a fourteenth aspect, a chip module provided in an embodiment of this application includes a transceiver component and a chip, wherein the chip includes a processor, and the processor performs the steps in the method designed in the first or second aspect described above.

[0068] In a fifteenth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided according to an embodiment of this application, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program or instructions, which, when executed, implement the steps in the method designed in the first or second aspect described above.

[0069] In a sixteenth aspect, a computer program product provided according to an embodiment of this application includes a computer program or instructions, wherein when the computer program or instructions are executed, the steps in the method designed in the first or second aspect described above are performed. Exemplarily, the computer program product may be a software installation package.

[0070] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions in aspects four through sixteen can be found in the technical effects of the technical solutions in aspects one, two, or three, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0071] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a core network component and its connection relationship provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0072] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the functional units and their connection relationships under an O-RAN network architecture provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0073] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0074] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between base stations and user equipment under a core network architecture provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0075] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of an O-RAN system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0076] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a chip system architecture provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0077] Figure 7 is a flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0078] Figure 8 is a signaling interaction flowchart between SU ​​and DU provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0079] Figure 9 is a flowchart of obtaining correlation in a multi-frequency correlation map according to an embodiment of this application;

[0080] Figure 10 is a flowchart of obtaining the common space and difference space in a multi-frequency correlation map according to an embodiment of this application;

[0081] Figure 11 is a flowchart of obtaining the array calibration matrix in a multi-frequency correlation spectrum according to an embodiment of this application;

[0082] Figure 12 is a flowchart of another method for obtaining the array calibration matrix in a multi-frequency correlation map provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0083] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of a core network multi-base station functional unit connection architecture provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0084] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of a core network multi-base station functional unit connection architecture provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0085] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of a core network multi-base station functional unit connection architecture provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0086] Figure 16 is a flowchart illustrating another communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0087] Figure 17 is a flowchart illustrating another communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0088] Figure 18 is a functional unit block diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0089] Figure 19 is a functional unit block diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0090] Figure 20 is a functional unit block diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0091] Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0092] It should be understood that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the embodiments of this application are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, software, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may also include steps or units not listed, or may also include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0093] The term "embodiment" as used in the embodiments of this application means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiment. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0094] In the embodiments of this application, "at least one" or "at least one item" refers to one or more, and "multiple" refers to two or more.

[0095] In this application's embodiments, "and / or" describes the relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent the following three cases: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " can indicate that the preceding and following associated objects are in an "or" relationship. Additionally, the character " / " can represent a division sign, such as A / B, which means A divided by B.

[0096] In the embodiments of this application, "at least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of a single item or a plurality of items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can represent the following seven cases: a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c, a, b, and c. Each of a, b, and c can be an element or a set containing one or more elements.

[0097] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "of," "corresponding (relevant)," "corresponding," "associated (related)," and "mapped" may sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that when no distinction is emphasized, the concepts or meanings expressed are consistent.

[0098] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0099] In the embodiments of this application, "network" can be expressed as the same concept as "system," and a communication system is a communication network.

[0100] In this application, "connection" refers to various connection methods, such as direct connection or indirect connection, to achieve communication between devices, and is not specifically limited thereto.

[0101] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below.

[0102] Communication System

[0103] The technical solutions of this application can be applied to various wireless communication systems, such as: Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, Advanced Long Term Evolution (LTE-A) systems, New Radio (NR) systems, evolution systems of NR systems, LTE-based access to unlicensed spectrum (LTE-U) systems, NR-based access to unlicensed spectrum (NR-U) systems, non-terrestrial networks (NTN) systems, Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), 6th-Generation (6G) communication systems, or other communication systems.

[0104] In a wireless communication system, communication devices are included, and these devices can communicate wirelessly using air interface resources. The communication devices may include network devices and terminal devices. Air interface resources may include at least one of time-domain resources, frequency-domain resources, code resources, and spatial resources.

[0105] It should be noted that traditional communication systems support a limited number of connections and are easy to implement. With the development of communication technology, the communication system of this application can support not only traditional communication systems, but also communication systems such as device-to-device (D2D), machine-to-machine (M2M), machine-type communication (MTC), vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-everything (V2X), and narrowband internet of things (NB-IoT). Therefore, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application can also be applied to the above-mentioned communication systems.

[0106] For example, embodiments of this application can be applied to beamforming, carrier aggregation (CA), dual connectivity (DC), or standalone (SA) deployment scenarios.

[0107] For example, embodiments of this application can be applied to communication scenarios using unlicensed spectrum. In these embodiments, unlicensed spectrum can also be considered as shared spectrum. Alternatively, embodiments of this application can also be applied to licensed spectrum. In these embodiments, licensed spectrum can also be considered as non-shared spectrum.

[0108] Terminal equipment

[0109] A terminal device can be a device with transceiver capabilities, and can also be referred to as a terminal, UE, remote UE, relay UE, access terminal device, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, mobile device, user terminal device, smart terminal device, wireless communication device, user agent, or user equipment. It should be noted that a relay device is a terminal device capable of providing relay forwarding services to other terminal devices (including remote terminal devices).

[0110] For example, terminal devices can be mobile phones, tablets, computers with wireless transceiver capabilities, virtual reality (VR) terminal devices, augmented reality (AR) terminal devices, wireless terminal devices in industrial control, wireless terminal devices in autonomous driving, wireless terminal devices in remote medical care, wireless terminal devices in smart grids, wireless terminal devices in transportation safety, wireless terminal devices in smart cities, or wireless terminal devices in smart homes, etc.

[0111] For example, a terminal device can be a cellular phone, cordless phone, session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, wireless local loop (WLL) station, personal digital assistant (PDA), handheld device with wireless communication capabilities, computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, in-vehicle device, wearable device, terminal device in next-generation communication systems (such as NR communication systems, 6G communication systems), or terminal device in a future public land mobile network (PLMN), etc., without specific limitations.

[0112] Optionally, the terminal device can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld, wearable or vehicle-mounted; it can be deployed on water (such as ships); or it can be deployed in the air (such as airplanes, balloons and satellites).

[0113] Optionally, the terminal device may include means for wireless communication, such as a chip system, a chip, or a chip module. For example, the chip system may include a chip, and may also include other discrete components.

[0114] Optionally, the terminal device in this application embodiment may be a chip, chip module, device, unit, etc., and there are no specific limitations thereto.

[0115] Network equipment

[0116] A network device is a device with transceiver capabilities that can be used to communicate with terminal devices.

[0117] Optionally, network devices can be responsible for radio resource management (RRM), quality of service (QoS) management, data compression and encryption, and data transmission and reception on the air interface side.

[0118] Optionally, network devices may include base stations (BS) in a communication system or devices deployed in a radio access network (RAN) to provide wireless communication functions; that is, network devices may include devices in the RAN.

[0119] For example, devices in the RAN may include evolved node B (eNB or eNodeB) in the LTE communication system, next generation evolved node B (ng-eNB) in the NR communication system, next generation node B (gNB) in the NR communication system, master node (MN) in the dual connectivity architecture, and secondary node (SN) in the dual connectivity architecture, etc., without specific restrictions.

[0120] Optionally, network devices may include devices in the core network (CN).

[0121] For example, devices in a CN may include access and mobility management function (AMF), user plane function (UPF), session management function (SMF), etc.

[0122] Optionally, network devices can also be access points (APs) in WLANs, relay stations, communication devices in future PLMN networks, communication devices in NTN networks, etc.

[0123] Optionally, the network device may include means for providing wireless communication capabilities to terminal devices, such as a chip system, a chip, or a chip module. For example, the chip system may include a chip, or it may include other discrete devices.

[0124] Optionally, the network device can be a transmission and reception point (TRP).

[0125] Optionally, network devices can communicate with Internet Protocol (IP) networks, such as the Internet, private IP networks, or other data networks.

[0126] Optionally, the network device may include a single independent node to implement the functions of the aforementioned base station, or it may include two or more independent nodes to implement the functions of the aforementioned base station. For example, the network device includes a centralized unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU), such as gNB-CU and gNB-DU. Further, in some embodiments, the network device may also include an active antenna unit (AAU). The CU implements some of the functions of the network device, and the DU implements other functions. For example, the CU is responsible for handling non-real-time protocols and services, implementing the functions of the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer, Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer, and Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer. The DU is responsible for handling physical layer protocols and real-time services, implementing the functions of the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, Medium Access Control (MAC) layer, and physical (PHY) layer. Additionally, the AAU can implement some physical layer processing functions, radio frequency processing, and related functions of the active antenna. Since RRC layer information ultimately becomes PHY layer information, or is derived from PHY layer information, in this network deployment, higher-layer signaling (such as RRC signaling) can be considered to be generated by the CU and sent by the DU, or jointly sent by the DU and AAU. It is understood that network devices can include at least one of CU, DU, and AAU. Furthermore, the CU can be classified as a RAN device, or it can be classified as a core network device; there are no specific limitations on this.

[0127] Optionally, the network device can be any station in a multi-site coherent joint transmission (CJT) with the terminal device, or another station outside of that multi-site group, or other network devices communicating with the terminal device; there are no specific limitations. Multi-site coherent joint transmission can be multiple stations jointly transmitting coherently, or different data belonging to the PDSCH being sent to the terminal device from different stations, or multiple stations being virtually merged into one station for transmission, or other forms of cooperative transmission. The stations in multi-site coherent joint transmission can be remote radio heads (RRHs), transmission and reception points (TRPs), network devices, etc., without specific limitations.

[0128] Optionally, the network device can be any site in a multi-site system performing non-coherent joint transmission (NCJT) with the terminal device, or another site outside of that multi-site system, or other network devices communicating with the terminal device; there are no specific limitations. Multi-site non-coherent joint transmission can be a joint non-coherent transmission by multiple sites, or different data belonging to the same PDSCH being sent to the terminal device from different sites, or different data belonging to the same PDSCH being sent to the terminal device from different sites, or other non-coherent transmission methods. The sites in multi-site non-coherent joint transmission can be RRHs, TRPs, network devices, etc., without specific limitations.

[0129] Optionally, network equipment can provide services to a cell, and terminal devices within that cell can communicate with the network equipment through transmission resources (such as spectrum resources). This cell can be a macro cell, small cell, metro cell, micro cell, pico cell, or femto cell, etc.

[0130] Optionally, the network device described in the embodiments of this application may be a chip, chip module, device, unit, etc., and there are no specific limitations on it.

[0131] Domain vector

[0132] Domain vectors can include frequency domain vectors, spatial domain vectors, and time domain vectors, etc.

[0133] Frequency domain vectors, also known as frequency domain basis vectors, frequency domain component vectors, or frequency domain fundamental vectors, are used to represent the variation of a channel in the frequency domain. Each frequency domain vector can represent a specific variation. Since signals can travel from the transmitting antenna to the receiving antenna via multiple paths during wireless transmission, multipath delay leads to frequency-selective fading, which is a variation of the channel in the frequency domain. Therefore, different frequency domain vectors can be used to represent the variation of the channel in the frequency domain caused by delays along different transmission paths.

[0134] The length of the frequency domain vector can be denoted as Nf, where Nf is a positive integer. The frequency domain vector can be, for example, a column vector or row vector of length Nf. The length of the frequency domain vector can be determined by the number of frequency domain units to be reported pre-configured in the reporting bandwidth, or by the length of the reporting bandwidth, or by a protocol-defined value. This application does not limit the length of the frequency domain vector. The reporting bandwidth, for example, can refer to the CSI reporting bandwidth (csi-ReportingBand) carried in the pre-configured CSI reporting in higher-layer signaling.

[0135] The frequency domain vectors corresponding to all spatial vectors for each spatial layer can be called the frequency domain vectors corresponding to that spatial layer. The frequency domain vectors corresponding to each spatial layer can be the same or different.

[0136] A spatial vector can also be called a spatial basis, spatial component vector, beam vector, spatial beam basis vector, or spatial basis vector, etc. Each element in a spatial vector represents the weight of each antenna port. Based on the weights of each antenna port represented by the elements in the spatial vector, the signals from each antenna port are linearly superimposed to form a region with a strong signal in a certain direction in space.

[0137] The length of the spatial vector can be N, which represents the number of transmit antenna ports in a polarization direction. s N s ≥1 and an integer. A spatial vector can be, for example, of length N. s The column vector or row vector. This application does not limit this.

[0138] Optionally, the spatial vector is a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) vector. A DFT vector can refer to a vector within the DFT matrix.

[0139] Optionally, the spatial vector is the conjugate transpose of the DFT vector. The conjugate transpose of the DFT vector can refer to the column vectors in the conjugate transpose of the DFT matrix.

[0140] Optionally, the spatial vector is an oversampled DFT vector. An oversampled DFT vector can refer to a vector within the oversampled DFT matrix.

[0141] Time-domain vectors, also known as time-domain basis vectors, time-domain component vectors, or time-domain basis vectors, are mainly used to characterize the changes in a signal over time.

[0142] The length of a time-domain vector is typically denoted by Nt, where Nt is a positive integer. Its length can be determined in various ways. It can be based on the number of samples collected within a specific sampling period. For example, in a sampling process of duration T, sampling is performed at a fixed sampling frequency fs, then Nt = T * fs. Alternatively, it may be determined by the pre-set time window length and corresponding sampling rules, or by following a predetermined standard value in the protocol. This application does not limit the length of the time-domain vector.

[0143] Channel Map

[0144] A channel map is defined as a database used to store location-based channel features, including channel statistical covariance matrix, angular power spectrum, time delay power spectrum, path loss, etc. For example, the storage of a channel map can be as shown in Table 1.

[0145] Table 1 Channel Feature Storage Table

[0146] Among them, the grid ID is not only limited to uniquely identifying two grid points in each physical cell, but can also be used to mark virtual cells.

[0147] The channel statistical covariance matrix reflects the correlation of channel signals across different dimensions (such as spatial dimensions). Elements in the matrix indicate the degree of correlation between signals in different dimensions; values ​​closer to 1 indicate stronger correlation, and values ​​closer to 0 indicate weaker correlation. For example, in Table 1, the element in the first row and first column of the second-order matrix is ​​0.8, indicating the correlation strength of the signal itself in the first dimension (assuming the horizontal direction of the spatial dimension). This value is close to 1, indicating good continuity and stability of the channel in this dimension. The element in the second row and second column is 0.2, indicating the cross-correlation between the first and second dimensions (assuming the vertical direction of the spatial dimension), meaning the correlation between horizontal and vertical signal changes is relatively small. The lower left element indicates the cross-correlation between the second and first dimensions, and the lower right element indicates the correlation strength of the signal itself in the second dimension.

[0148] The angular power spectrum describes the energy distribution of the signal in different angular directions, with the unit being radians (°). Table 1 presents the data in discrete form, where [-30°, -20°, -10°, 0°, 10°, 20°, 30°] represents the angular range, and [0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.2, 0.1, 0.05] respectively refer to the energy percentage at these angles.

[0149] Optionally, the angle power spectrum can also directly provide the angle range and the energy at each angle, with the energy unit being dBm.

[0150] The time delay power spectrum shows the distribution characteristics of the signal at different time delays, with the unit being nanoseconds (ns). It is also presented in discrete form, with [0ns, 10ns, 20ns, 30ns, 40ns, 50ns] representing the time delay range, and [0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.2, 0.1, 0.05] representing the proportion of signal energy at each time delay.

[0151] Optionally, the time delay range and the energy at each time delay can also be given directly in the time delay power spectrum, with the energy unit being dBm.

[0152] Path loss refers to the degree of energy attenuation caused by various factors during the transmission of a signal from the transmitter to the receiver (corresponding to the grid position in the table), and is measured in decibels (dB). "32dB" in Table 1 indicates that the signal experienced 32dB of path loss from the transmitter to this grid position.

[0153] Optionally, in practical applications, the channel statistical covariance matrix, angle spectrum, and time delay spectrum will be obtained based on specific channel measurements and calculations. Table 1 is only an illustrative table. If visualization is required, the data in the table can be displayed on a two-dimensional plane in different colors, shapes, or grayscale, with each grid point corresponding to a specific channel feature.

[0154]

Map Management Function (MMF) Unit

[0155] Please refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic diagram of a core network component and its connection relationship provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 1, the MMF is a newly added network element in the core network, used to construct the channel map. The base station (gNodeB, gNB) communicates with the Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) unit through the NG-Control Plane interface (NG-C). The AMF is equivalent to a router for communication between the gNB and the Location Management Function (LMF) unit. The Multimedia Function (MMF) unit realizes the construction and updating of the channel map. The MMF and AMF communicate with each other through the NAS Layer signaling interface (Nls).

[0156] Optionally, for the Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) architecture, please refer to Figure 2. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the functional units and their connection relationships under an O-RAN network architecture provided in this application embodiment. As shown in Figure 2, a Sub-Unit (SU) can be added to the base station to implement spectrum management. The connection method of the SU is shown in Figure 2. The SU is responsible for channel spectrum, sensing, positioning and other management functions. The CU is responsible for Radio Resource Control (RRC), Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) and Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) functions. The DU is responsible for physical layer PHY, MAC and RLC functions. The Radio Unit (RU) is connected to the UE.

[0157] Please refer to Figure 3, which is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 3, the core network, base station, and terminals UE1 to UE6 constitute a communication system. In this communication system, UE1 to UE6 can send uplink data to the base station, and the base station needs to receive the uplink data sent by UE1 to UE6. Furthermore, UE4 to UE6 can also form a communication system. In this communication system, the base station can send downlink information to UE1, UE2, UE5, etc.; UE5 can also send downlink information to UE4 and UE6. In this communication system, data can be transmitted between the base station and the core network. Additionally, the communication system may also include servers or other devices. For example, the communication system may include other network devices besides the base station. As another example, the communication system may include other terminal devices besides UE1 to UE6.

[0158] Of course, Figure 3 is only an example of the network architecture of a communication system and does not constitute a limitation on the network architecture of the communication system in the embodiments of this application.

[0159] Please refer to Figure 4 for the equipment involved in this application. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between a base station and user equipment under a core network architecture provided by an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 4, the equipment involved in this application includes, but is not limited to: network equipment, terminal equipment, RRC signaling interaction module, MAC signaling interaction module, and PHY signaling interaction module. Specifically, network equipment is an entity on the network side used for transmitting or receiving signals, including the base station gNB, core network AMF / LMF / MMF / SMF, etc. The LMF realizes the UE's location estimation, the MMF realizes the grid and scatterer association, and the SMF realizes the sensing echo acquisition. The AMF communicates with the LMF / MMF / SMF through the NLs interface. The base station communicates with the AMF through the NG-C interface. The AMF is equivalent to a router for communication between the gNB and the LMF / MMF / SMF. Terminal equipment is an entity on the user side used for receiving or transmitting signals, such as the UE. The RRC signaling interaction module is used by the base station and UE to send and receive RRC signaling; the MAC signaling interaction module is used by the base station and UE to send and receive MAC-CE signaling; and the PHY signaling and data interaction module is used by the base station and UE to send and receive uplink / downlink control signaling and uplink / downlink data.

[0160] Of course, Figure 4 is only an example of the core network architecture of a communication system and does not constitute a limitation on the core network architecture of the communication system in the embodiments of this application.

[0161] Please refer to Figure 5 for the open RAN architecture applied in this application. Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of an O-RAN system provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 5, the O-RAN system may include components other than those shown in Figure 5. The access network device (RAN, for example, may be an eNB, gNB, or next-generation access network device) communicates with the core network (CN) through a backhaul link and with the UE through an air interface. Specifically, the baseband unit (BBU) in the access network device communicates with the core network through a backhaul link, and the radio frequency unit in the access network device communicates with at least one UE through an air interface. The BBU communicates with at least one RU through a fronthaul link. The BBU and RU may or may not be co-located. The BBU includes at least one CU and at least one DU, which can communicate through at least one midhaul link.

[0162] In one possible implementation, the CU is a logical node carrying the RRC layer, Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer, Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, and other control functions of the access network equipment. The CU connects to network nodes such as the core network through interfaces, which can be interfaces such as E2 interfaces. Optionally, the CU may possess some core network functions. The CU (e.g., the PDCP layer and higher layers) connects to the DU (e.g., the RLC layer and lower layers) through interfaces, which can be interfaces such as the F1 interface. In some examples, these interfaces (e.g., the F1 interface) can provide control plane (C-Plane) and user plane (U-Plane) functions (e.g., interface management, system information management, UE context management, RRC message transmission, etc.). F1AP is the application protocol of the F1 interface, defining the F1 signaling procedures in some examples. The F1 interface supports control plane F1-C and user plane F1-U.

[0163] In one possible implementation, the CU can be split into a Control Unit-Control Plane (CU-CP) and a Control Unit-User Plane (CU-UP). The CU-CP is a logical node carrying the RRC layer and the Control plane part of PDCP (PDCP-C) layer, used to implement the CU's control plane functions. The CU-CP can interact with network elements in the core network used to implement control plane functions. These network elements can be Access and Mobility Function (AMF) network elements, such as the Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) in a 5G system. The AMF network element is responsible for mobility management in the mobile network, such as terminal device location updates, terminal device registration networks, and terminal device handover. The CU-UP is a logical node carrying the SDAP layer and the User plane part of PDCP (PDCP-U) layer, used to implement the CU's user plane functions. The CU-UP can interact with network elements in the core network used to implement user plane functions. In the core network, network elements used to implement user plane functions, such as the User Plane Function (UPF) in a 5G system, are responsible for forwarding and receiving data in terminal devices. The above configuration of CU and DU is merely an example; the functions of CU and DU can be configured as needed. For example, CU or DU can be configured to have more protocol layer functions, or to have only some protocol layer processing functions. For instance, some RLC layer functions and protocol layer functions above the RLC layer can be placed in the CU, while the remaining RLC layer functions and protocol layer functions below the RLC layer can be placed in the DU. Furthermore, the functions of CU or DU can be divided according to service type or other system requirements, such as by latency, placing functions that need to meet low latency requirements in the DU and functions that do not need to meet such latency requirements in the CU.

[0164] In one possible implementation, the DU is a logical node carrying the RLC layer, MAC layer, Higher Physical Layer (Higher PHY) layer, and other functions. Optionally, the DU can control at least one RU. The DU connects to the RU through interfaces, which can be fronthaul interfaces. Optionally, the Higher PHY layer includes the PHY layer processing components, such as forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, modulation, and demodulation.

[0165] In one possible implementation, the RU is a logical node carrying both Lower Physical Layer (Lower PHY) and Radio Frequency (RF) processing. Optionally, the RU can be a 3GPP Transmission Reception Point (TRP), a Remote Radio Head (RRH), or other similar entities. Optionally, the Low-PHY includes PHY processing functions such as Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT), digital beamforming, and filtering. The RU communicates with one or more UEs via a radio link.

[0166] In one possible implementation, the DU and RU may or may not be co-located. The DU and RU exchange control plane and user plane information via a fronthaul link through a Lower-Layer Split CUS-Plane (LLS-CUS) interface. LLS-CUS may include LLS-C and LLS-U interfaces that respectively provide the control plane (C-Plane) and user plane (U-Plane).

[0167] In one possible implementation, the control plane (C-Plane) refers to the real-time control between the DU and RU. The DU and RU exchange management information via an LLS-M interface on the fronthaul link. The management plane (M-Plane) refers to the non-real-time management operations between the DU and RU. The DU and RU can cooperate to implement the functions of the PHY layer. A DU can be connected to one or more RUs. The functions of the DU and RU can be configured in various ways depending on the design. For example, the DU may be configured to implement baseband functions, and the RU may be configured to implement mid-RF functions. Another example is that the DU may be configured to implement higher-level functions in the PHY layer, and the RU may be configured to implement lower-level functions in the PHY layer, or both lower-level and RF functions. Higher-level functions in the physical layer may include a portion of the physical layer's functions that are closer to the MAC layer, while lower-level functions in the physical layer may include another portion of the physical layer's functions that are closer to the mid-RF side.

[0168] In one possible implementation, the O-RAN architecture does not include the SU, and the BBU can directly establish a communication link with the CU and DU via midhaul.

[0169] In one possible implementation, the O-RAN architecture includes a Subsystem (SU), which can communicate with the CU and DU via midhaul. Optionally, the SU is deployed within the BBU, or it can be deployed outside the RAN. For example, the SU is a functional entity deployed outside the RAN to provide related services, such as at least one of sensing, channel map management, and positioning functions. The external SU communicates and collaborates with other components (such as CU and DU) within the RAN architecture through predefined interfaces.

[0170] Please refer to Figure 6 for the chip system architecture and network element / module functions used in this application. Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a chip system architecture provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 6, the common RAN chip architecture is divided into CU, DU, and RU. The CU is a platform that performs upper-layer L2 and L3 functions. The Midhaul and Backhaul interfaces are used to carry traffic between the CU and DU, as well as between the CU and the core network. The DU performs L1 and some L2 functions, and the RU performs L1 calculation and RF digital part functions; the Fronthaul and Backhaul interfaces are used to carry traffic between the RU and DU, as well as between the CU and DU. An integrated DU includes the above-mentioned DU and RU functions.

[0171] The CU / DU hardware includes a chassis platform, motherboard, peripherals, and cooling system. The motherboard contains processing units, memory, internal I / O interfaces, and external connection ports. Its hardware accelerators are designed with interfaces, and hardware functional components include: storage for software, hardware, and system debugging interfaces, and a single-board management controller.

[0172] The DU system is typically implemented using a multi-core processor and one or more hardware accelerators. Parts of the DU protocol stack can be implemented in software running on the multi-core processor, while computationally intensive L1 and L2 functions can be offloaded to an FPGA / GPU-based hardware accelerator; alternatively, all L1 functions can be offloaded to an FPGA / GPU-based hardware accelerator, while other protocol stack components are implemented in software running on the processor; or the entire protocol stack can be implemented in software running on the processor. The hardware accelerator supports interconnection with x86 or non-x86 processors. Similarly, the accelerator has a multi-channel PCIe interface pointing to the CPU and external connections via GbE.

[0173] The RU comprises three parts: the OPU (O-RAN Processing Unit), which receives eCPRI frames from the O-RAN fronthaul and performs fronthaul interface, lowest-level L1 (coding, scrambling, modulation, layer mapping, precoding), synchronization, beamforming, and resource unit mapping. The OPU can be implemented as a CPU, FPGA, or ASIC. The DPU (O-RU Digital Processing Unit) performs synchronization, DDC (digital downconversion in UL), DUC (digital upconversion in DL), CFR, and DPD, improving power amplifier efficiency by reducing PAPR / ACLR at the RF front-end; the DPU can be implemented as an FPGA or ASIC. The O-RU's RF processing unit includes a transceiver module, up / down converters, power amplifiers (PA), low-noise amplifiers (LNA), and Tx / Rx filters. All conversions between the analog and digital domains (DAC and ADC) (e.g., RF sampling, frequency conversion using RF, IF, and LO mixing during up-conversion and down-conversion) are performed within the transceiver module. Note that the physical and logical partitions within the RF processing unit do not require specific boundaries.

[0174] The products involved in this application and their possible sales methods are shown in the table below:

[0175] Table 2 Products and Possible Sales Methods

[0176] Based on the above, an example of a communication method according to an embodiment of this application will be described below. It should be noted that the terminal device can be a chip, chip module, or communication module, etc., and the network device can be a chip, chip module, or communication module, etc. Please refer to Figure 7, which is a flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 7, the method includes the following steps:

[0177] S701, receive first request information from the first distributed unit DU, the first request information being used to request measurement of first information of the first channel.

[0178] In this method, the execution subject is SU, which can be located in a device including a base station or a chip. There is information interaction between SU ​​and the first DU. If there is no connecting link between SU ​​and the first DU, the first request information will be sent from the first DU to the CU first, and then from the CU to the SU.

[0179] The first request information is used to request first information for measuring the first channel. The first information is not limited to the measured channel. The first information may be the channel matrix obtained by measuring the first channel, as well as the channel covariance, channel feature domain vector, multipath features, path loss, etc., obtained through further calculation.

[0180] In one possible implementation, the first information can also be the time delay power spectrum, angular power time delay spectrum, channel covariance matrix, and channel feature basis of the first channel.

[0181] The time delay power spectrum describes the distribution of signal power over different time delays. In wireless communication environments, due to multipath propagation, transmitted signals arrive at the receiver via different paths of varying lengths, resulting in differences in the arrival time of the signal at the receiver.

[0182] Among them, the time-delay power spectrum is a characterization of the channel power characteristics in the time-delay domain. Mathematically, it is the distribution of the power of the channel impulse response (CIR) on the time-delay axis.

[0183] The angular power delay spectrum is based on the time delay power spectrum, but with added angle information. It takes into account the angle at which the signal arrives at the receiver and describes the distribution of signal power at different time delays and different arrival angles.

[0184] The channel covariance matrix is ​​used to describe the correlation between channels in different dimensions (such as time, frequency, and space). The channel feature basis is obtained based on the eigenvalue decomposition of the channel covariance matrix. For the channel covariance matrix, multiple eigenvectors are obtained through eigenvalue decomposition. The channel feature basis, composed of these eigenvectors, represents the main variation patterns or feature directions of the channel in different dimensions.

[0185] As can be seen in this example, the time delay power spectrum can provide the time delay and power distribution of the signal in the channel, meeting the need for accurate estimation of the channel state in a multipath environment. The angle power time delay spectrum provides comprehensive information on the angle, power and time delay of the signal. The channel covariance matrix reflects the signal correlation. The channel feature basis is used for signal decomposition and reconstruction, supporting channel modeling and simulation. By setting the first information to include at least one of the time delay power spectrum, angle power time delay spectrum, channel covariance matrix and channel feature basis, the needs for acquiring and processing different information in the channel can be met.

[0186] S702, based on the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the second channel in the multi-frequency correlation map, determine the second channel associated with the first channel.

[0187] A multi-frequency correlation map is a type of graph used to describe the relationships between channels of different frequencies. In wireless communication systems, signals can be transmitted on multiple frequencies, and various correlations may exist between these different frequency channels, such as correlation and interference. A multi-frequency correlation map can be constructed through experimental measurements, theoretical modeling, or data mining, and it can display the relationships between different frequency channels in a tabular or graphical format.

[0188] The first channel and the second channel are two different frequency channels. These channels can be channels in different frequency bands (such as low frequency band and high frequency band), or channels in the same frequency band but with different center frequencies or bandwidths.

[0189] Correlation is a statistic used to measure the degree of linear correlation between two variables (here, the first information from the first channel and the first information from the second channel).

[0190] Please refer to Figure 8, which is a signaling interaction flowchart between SU ​​and DU provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 8, there is generally no direct link between SU ​​and DU, that is, SU cannot directly interact with DU. The message will first go from SU to CU, and then from CU to DU, and vice versa. Specifically, when the first DU needs to obtain the first information of the first channel, the first DU first requests a multi-frequency association map from the CU, and then the CU requests a multi-frequency association map from the SU. The SU determines whether there is a second channel associated with the first channel based on the multi-frequency association map. When it is determined that there is a second channel associated with the first channel, it sends an acknowledgment result to the CU. The CU then sends the acknowledgment result to the first DU. At this time, the inference process is started. The inference process includes: the SU instructs the CU to obtain the channel measurement coefficient C of the second channel of the second DU. The CU then instructs the second DU to report the channel measurement coefficient C. After that, the CU sends the received channel measurement coefficient C to the SU. After receiving the channel measurement coefficient C sent by the CU, the SU first sends the multi-frequency association map and the channel measurement coefficient C to the CU, which forwards them to the first DU. Finally, the first DU infers the first information of the first channel based on the received channel measurement coefficient C of the second channel and the information stored in the multi-frequency association map, thus completing the inference.

[0191] In one possible implementation, the above signaling interaction process can be implemented based on the architecture shown in Figure 13. Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of a multi-base station functional unit connection architecture under the core network provided by an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 13, base station 1 and base station 2 each include CU, SU, DU and RU. The SU in each base station needs to interact with the DU through the CU. Base station 1 and base station 2 can interact through the core network.

[0192] In the above signaling interaction process, the first DU and the second DU correspond to DUs of different base stations. The first DU and the second DU are respectively connected to the CU in their respective base stations, and then exchange messages with the SU in their respective base stations through the CU. Specifically, when the SU in the base station to which the first DU belongs needs to exchange messages with the second DU, taking the first DU as the DU of base station 1 and the second DU as the DU of base station 2 as an example, the message interaction process between the two base stations can be as follows: the SU of base station 1 first transmits the message to the CU of base station 1, the CU of base station 1 sends the received message to the core network, and then the CU of base station 2 receives the message from the core network and transmits the message to the second DU, and vice versa.

[0193] In one possible implementation, the above signaling interaction process can be implemented based on the architecture shown in Figure 14. Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of a multi-base station functional unit connection architecture under the core network provided by an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 14, base station 1 and base station 2 each include CU, DU and RU. Base station 1 and base station 2 do not set up SU inside, but are connected to the same SU through their respective CU. Base station 1 and base station 2 can directly interact through the common SU.

[0194] In the above signaling interaction process, the first DU and the second DU correspond to DUs of different base stations. The first DU and the second DU are respectively connected to the CU in their respective base stations, and then exchange messages with the common SU through the CU. Specifically, when the SU in the base station to which the first DU belongs needs to exchange messages with the second DU, taking the first DU as the DU of base station 1 and the second DU as the DU of base station 2 as an example, the message exchange process between the two base stations can be as follows: the SU of base station 1 first transmits the message to the CU of base station 1, the CU of base station 1 sends the received message to the common SU, and then the CU of base station 2 receives the message from the common SU and transmits the message to the second DU, and vice versa.

[0195] In one possible implementation, before receiving the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the second channel calculated by the CU, the method further includes: sending a first signaling to the CU, the first signaling being used to instruct the CU on a first calculation method for calculating the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the second channel.

[0196] The correlation between the first information of the first channel and the first information of the second channel can be characterized by the correlation coefficient, the distance metric, or the projection coefficient.

[0197] Specifically, the SU can send a first signaling to the CU to instruct the CU on a first calculation method for calculating the correlation. When it is necessary to characterize the correlation through the correlation coefficient, the first signaling indicates the calculation method for calculating the correlation coefficient. When it is necessary to characterize the correlation through the distance metric, the first signaling indicates the calculation method for calculating the distance metric. When it is necessary to characterize the correlation through the projection coefficient, the first signaling indicates the calculation method for calculating the projection coefficient.

[0198] The first calculation method can also be any other method that can calculate the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the first information of the second channel, and no restriction is imposed here.

[0199] In one possible implementation, the correlation between the first channel and the second channel is evaluated by calculating the correlation coefficient between the first information of the first channel and each of the second channels (other channels in the multi-frequency correlation map). If the correlation coefficient is higher than a preset threshold (the preset threshold can be determined according to the specific application scenario and system requirements), the second channel is considered to be correlated with the first channel.

[0200] The formula for calculating the correlation coefficient can be the Pearson correlation coefficient formula, as shown in formula (1) below:

[0201] When the first information (such as channel covariance, time delay power spectrum, angular power spectrum, channel feature basis, etc.) is in matrix form, C1 represents the first information of the first channel, and C2 represents the first information of the second channel. Matrices C1 and C2 are first vectorized to obtain c1 and c2. Matrix vectorization can be achieved by concatenating the columns of the matrix into a column vector or by concatenating the rows of the matrix into a column vector. Cov() is the covariance function, and Var() is the variance function.

[0202] The correlation coefficients between the first and second channels include, but are not limited to, the correlation coefficients of the time delay power spectra of the two frequency bands, the correlation coefficients of the angular power time delay spectra of the two frequency bands, the correlation coefficients of the channel covariance matrices of the two frequency bands, and the correlation coefficients of the characteristic basis of the two frequency bands.

[0203] In one possible implementation, the correlation between the first channel and the second channel is evaluated by calculating the distance (e.g., cosine distance, Manhattan distance, or Mahalanobis distance) between the first information of the first channel and each of the second channels (other channels in the multi-frequency correlation map). If the distance is greater than a preset threshold (the preset threshold can be determined according to the specific application scenario and system requirements), the second channel is considered to be correlated with the first channel.

[0204] The cosine distance constructs the first and second channel information into vector form, and measures the correlation between the two channels by calculating the cosine of the angle between the two vectors. The smaller the angle, the closer the cosine value is to 1, and the more similar the two vectors are, meaning the stronger the channel correlation; conversely, the larger the angle, the closer the cosine value is to 0, and the weaker the channel correlation. The Manhattan distance constructs the first and second channel information into vector form, and measures the correlation between the two channels by calculating the sum of the differences between the two vectors across all dimensions. The Mahalanobis distance constructs the first and second channel information into vector form, and, considering the overall covariance structure of the data, measures the correlation between the two channels by calculating the differences between the two vectors across all dimensions after adjustment by the covariance matrix.

[0205] In one possible implementation, a first vector of the first matrix is ​​determined, and the second matrix is ​​projected onto the first vector to obtain projection coefficients. The second matrix is ​​then reconstructed based on the projection coefficients and the first vector to obtain a third matrix. The correlation between the first and second channels is evaluated by determining the correlation between the second and third matrices. If the correlation is greater than a preset threshold (the preset threshold can be determined based on specific application scenarios and system requirements), the second channel is considered to be associated with the first channel.

[0206] The first matrix can be determined based on the first channel, and the second matrix can be determined based on the second channel. The first and second matrices are used to represent the same characteristics of the channel (such as channel covariance, time delay power spectrum, angular power spectrum, channel feature basis, etc.).

[0207] The third matrix is ​​a projection reconstruction matrix of the second matrix onto the subspace represented by the first vector. By projecting the second matrix related to the second channel onto the first vector related to the first channel, and then determining the correlation between the second matrix and the third matrix, the degree of correlation between the second channel and the first channel in a specific direction can be determined.

[0208] For example, the first matrix and the second matrix are used to represent the channel covariance. In this case, the first matrix is ​​the channel covariance matrix of the first channel, and the second matrix is ​​the channel covariance matrix of the second channel. The channel statistical covariance matrix reflects the correlation of the channel signals in different dimensions (such as spatial dimensions). The elements in the matrix indicate the degree of correlation between signals in different dimensions. The closer the value is to 1, the stronger the correlation. The closer the value is to 0, the weaker the correlation.

[0209] Specifically, first determine the fourth matrix of the first matrix, which can be the channel covariance matrix or the Gram matrix; perform singular value decomposition or eigenvalue decomposition on the fourth matrix to obtain the first vector; and obtain the projection coefficients based on the first function, the second matrix, and the first vector. The first function can be a pseudo-inverse matrix function. The first function can be used to process the first vector.

[0210] In this case, when the fourth matrix is ​​the channel covariance matrix, the first matrix can be the channel matrix. In this case, the first matrix is ​​the channel matrix of the first channel, and the second matrix is ​​the channel matrix of the second channel. The rows of the channel matrix usually represent different antennas or receiving units of the receiving end. Each row contains channel information from all transmitting antennas to the corresponding receiving antenna in that row. The columns of the channel matrix usually represent different antennas or transmitting units of the transmitting end. Each column contains channel information from the corresponding transmitting antenna in that column to all receiving antennas.

[0211] For example, in a 2x3 channel matrix H, the element in the i-th row and j-th column represents the information gain (which can be complex, taking into account amplitude and phase) from the j-th transmit antenna to the i-th receive antenna. The first row of the matrix represents the channel information from the three transmit antennas to the first receive antenna, and the first column of the matrix identifies the channel information from the first transmit antenna to the two receive antennas.

[0212] The Gram matrix is ​​a matrix composed of the inner product of vector groups. When obtaining the Gram matrix from the first matrix, the elements in the Gram matrix can be determined by the inner product of any group of vectors (such as row vectors or column vectors) in the first matrix. For example, the column vectors of the first matrix are represented as ai (i = 1, 2, ..., n), and the element Gij of the Gram matrix is ​​the inner product of the conjugate transpose of ai and aj.

[0213] When performing singular value decomposition on the fourth matrix to obtain the first vector, the first vector can be the vector corresponding to the maximum singular value among the left or right singular vectors. The left singular vector represents the direction with the maximum projected variance in the output space after a linear transformation of the original data. When the vector corresponding to the maximum singular value of the left singular vector is used as the first vector, each element in the first vector represents the weights of the original data in each direction related to the maximum transformation intensity after the linear transformation represented by the fourth matrix. The right singular vector corresponds to the direction related to the maximum singular value in the input space. When the vector corresponding to the maximum singular value of the right singular vector is used as the first vector, each element in the first vector represents the weights of different features of the original data when constructing feature combinations with maximum energy or variance.

[0214] When performing eigenvalue decomposition on the fourth matrix to obtain the first vector, the first vector can be the eigenvector corresponding to the largest eigenvalue. In this case, each element in the first vector reflects the weight of each basis vector in the original space in the corresponding direction.

[0215] In one possible implementation, the projection coefficients can satisfy the following formula (2): P = pinv(v)B (2)

[0216] Where P can represent the projection coefficient, v can represent the first vector, B can represent the second matrix, pinv() can represent the first function, which can be a pseudo-inverse matrix function, and pinv(v) and B are multiplied by matrix to obtain P.

[0217] In one possible implementation, the third matrix can satisfy the following formula (3): B′=Pv T (3)

[0218] Here, B′ can represent the third matrix, P can represent the projection coefficients, v can represent the first vector, and the transpose of P and v is obtained by matrix multiplication to get B′.

[0219] As can be seen, in this example, the correlation between the first information of the second channel and the first channel is calculated in a variety of different ways to measure the degree of association between the first information of the two channels. When the correlation between the first information of the two channels is greater than a preset threshold, the degree of association between the first information of the two channels is high. At this time, the second channel is considered to be associated with the first channel, which makes it convenient to directly determine the first information of the first channel based on the first information of the second channel.

[0220] S703, a second request message is sent to the second DU used to measure the second channel. The second request message is used to obtain the first information of the second channel.

[0221] There is information exchange between SU ​​and the second DU. The second request information is used to request the measurement of the first information of the second channel. The first channel is a specific communication path in the communication network. The first channel can be a communication channel defined by frequency band, beam or other logical channel.

[0222] Where the first channel and the second channel are different, the first DU used to measure the first channel and the second DU used to measure the second channel may be the same or different, and this is not limited here.

[0223] S704, send response information to the first DU. The response information includes the first information of the second channel and the multi-frequency correlation map. The first information of the second channel and the multi-frequency correlation map are used to infer the first information of the first channel.

[0224] If there is no second channel associated with the first channel, a response message is sent to the first DU. In this case, the response message can be a preset error code or anomaly identifier, which is used to indicate that there is no second channel associated with the first channel.

[0225] Specifically, the action of determining the first information of the first channel based on the first information of the received second channel and the multi-frequency correlation spectrum is performed by the first DU responsible for measuring the first channel.

[0226] Among them, the first information of the second channel (such as the time delay power spectrum, angle power time delay spectrum, channel covariance matrix or channel feature basis mentioned above) is known. The multi-frequency correlation map is used to describe the relationship between different frequency channels. It contains information on different channels in multiple dimensions such as frequency, bandwidth, time delay, power, and correlation. The multi-frequency correlation map is also known. The construction of the multi-frequency correlation map can be based on a large amount of measured data, theoretical models or machine learning algorithms.

[0227] As can be seen in this example, by first determining the second channel associated with the first channel when the first information of the first channel needs to be measured, and then directly inferring the first information of the first channel based on the multi-frequency association map and the first information of the second channel, the channel information coordination of multiple frequency bands is realized, the cross-frequency transmission process delay is reduced, and it is beneficial to accurately restore the true state of the channel, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel map. At the same time, the association relationship of the multi-frequency band map can be obtained based on the association channel twin of the multi-carrier, which enables cross-frequency band measurement-free beam alignment, synchronization, and CSI information acquisition.

[0228] In one possible implementation, the multi-frequency correlation map is constructed using the following method:

[0229] The receiving central unit (CU) calculates the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the second channel; the receiving CU calculates the common space and difference space of the first channel and the second channel; and the multi-frequency correlation map is obtained based on the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the second channel, as well as the common space and difference space of the first channel and the second channel.

[0230] Please refer to Figure 9, which is a flowchart of obtaining the correlation in a multi-frequency correlation map according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 9, the first DU and the second DU first calculate their respective channels, and then send the calculated channels to the CU. The CU is responsible for calculating the correlation of the first information of the first channel and the second channel based on the received channel information. Then, the CU sends the correlation of the first information of the first channel and the second channel to the SU. The SU stores the correlation of the first information of the first channel and the second channel according to a preset format to obtain the correlation in the multi-frequency correlation map.

[0231] In one possible implementation, the above signaling interaction process can be implemented based on the architecture shown in Figure 13. Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of a multi-base station functional unit connection architecture under the core network provided by an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 13, base station 1 and base station 2 each include CU, SU, DU and RU. The SU in each base station needs to interact with the DU through the CU. Base station 1 and base station 2 can interact through the core network.

[0232] In the above signaling interaction process, the first DU and the second DU correspond to DUs of different base stations. The first DU and the second DU are respectively connected to the CU in their respective base stations, and then exchange messages with the SU in their respective base stations through the CU. Specifically, when the SU in the base station to which the first DU belongs needs to exchange messages with the second DU, taking the first DU as the DU of base station 1 and the second DU as the DU of base station 2 as an example, the message interaction process between the two base stations can be as follows: the SU of base station 1 first transmits the message to the CU of base station 1, the CU of base station 1 sends the received message to the core network, and then the CU of base station 2 receives the message from the core network and transmits the message to the second DU, and vice versa.

[0233] In one possible implementation, the above signaling interaction process can be implemented based on the architecture shown in Figure 14. Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of a multi-base station functional unit connection architecture under the core network provided by an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 14, base station 1 and base station 2 each include CU, DU and RU. Base station 1 and base station 2 do not set up SU inside, but are connected to the same SU through their respective CU. Base station 1 and base station 2 can directly interact through the common SU.

[0234] In the above signaling interaction process, the first DU and the second DU correspond to DUs of different base stations. The first DU and the second DU are respectively connected to the CU in their respective base stations, and then interact with the common SU through the CU. Specifically, when the SU in the base station to which the first DU belongs needs to interact with the second DU, taking the first DU as the DU of base station 1 and the second DU as the DU of base station 2 as an example, the message interaction process between the two base stations can be as follows: the SU of base station 1 first transmits the message to the CU of base station 1, the CU of base station 1 sends the received message to the common SU, and then the CU of base station 2 receives the message from the common SU and transmits the message to the second DU, and vice versa. For example, the preset format of correlation in the multi-frequency correlation map can be shown in the following table:

[0235] Table 3. Preset format of correlation coefficients in multi-frequency correlation maps.

[0236] As shown in Table 3, the first information may include the power delay profile (PDP), the angular power delay profile (PAS), the channel covariance matrix, and the channel feature basis. The first column of the table is the grid ID, used to identify different regions or grids in the multi-frequency correlation map; the second column is the cell ID, used to identify a specific cell or region. In a communication network, a cell refers to a service area covering a certain range; the third column is the carrier ID, used to identify carriers of different frequencies in the communication system; the fourth column is the power delay profile (PDP) similarity; the fifth column is the power angular spectra (PAS) similarity; the sixth column is the channel covariance matrix similarity; and the seventh column is the channel feature basis correlation coefficient. Table 3 is only an example of the storage format of correlation coefficients in a multi-frequency correlation map, and no restrictions are placed on the storage format and content of correlation coefficients in the multi-frequency correlation map.

[0237] Please refer to Figure 10, which is a flowchart of obtaining the common space and difference space in a multi-frequency correlation map according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 10, the first DU and the second DU first calculate their respective channels, and then send the calculated channels to the CU. The CU is responsible for calculating the common space and difference space of the first channel and the second channel based on the received channel information. Then, the CU sends the common space and difference space of the first channel and the second channel to the SU. The SU stores the common space and difference space of the first channel and the second channel according to a preset format to obtain the common space and difference space in the multi-frequency correlation map.

[0238] In one possible implementation, the above signaling interaction process can be implemented based on the architecture shown in Figure 13. Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of a multi-base station functional unit connection architecture under the core network provided by an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 13, base station 1 and base station 2 each include CU, SU, DU and RU. The SU in each base station needs to interact with the DU through the CU. Base station 1 and base station 2 can interact through the core network.

[0239] In the above signaling interaction process, the first DU and the second DU correspond to DUs of different base stations. The first DU and the second DU are respectively connected to the CU in their respective base stations, and then exchange messages with the SU in their respective base stations through the CU. Specifically, when the SU in the base station to which the first DU belongs needs to exchange messages with the second DU, taking the first DU as the DU of base station 1 and the second DU as the DU of base station 2 as an example, the message interaction process between the two base stations can be as follows: the SU of base station 1 first transmits the message to the CU of base station 1, the CU of base station 1 sends the received message to the core network, and then the CU of base station 2 receives the message from the core network and transmits the message to the second DU, and vice versa.

[0240] In one possible implementation, the above signaling interaction process can be implemented based on the architecture shown in Figure 14. Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of a multi-base station functional unit connection architecture under the core network provided by an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 14, base station 1 and base station 2 each include CU, DU and RU. Base station 1 and base station 2 do not set up SU inside, but are connected to the same SU through their respective CU. Base station 1 and base station 2 can directly interact through the common SU.

[0241] In the above signaling interaction process, the first DU and the second DU correspond to DUs of different base stations. The first DU and the second DU are respectively connected to the CU in their respective base stations, and then exchange messages with the common SU through the CU. Specifically, when the SU in the base station to which the first DU belongs needs to exchange messages with the second DU, taking the first DU as the DU of base station 1 and the second DU as the DU of base station 2 as an example, the message exchange process between the two base stations can be as follows: the SU of base station 1 first transmits the message to the CU of base station 1, the CU of base station 1 sends the received message to the common SU, and then the CU of base station 2 receives the message from the common SU and transmits the message to the second DU, and vice versa.

[0242] The common space of two frequency band channels refers to the set of all identical channel characteristics (including but not limited to signal propagation characteristics, channel parameters, etc.) in the two channels. For example, two frequency band channels may have the same path loss exponent or certain parts of the same multipath fading distribution pattern under the same environment. The range of values ​​and parameter combinations corresponding to these identical characteristics constitute the common space.

[0243] The difference space between two frequency band channels refers to the set of space formed by the differences in channel characteristics (such as signal propagation characteristics, anti-interference characteristics, and spectral characteristics) between the two channels. For example, if one channel has a bandwidth of 10MHz and another channel has a bandwidth of 20MHz, the range of values ​​and parameter combinations corresponding to this bandwidth difference and the resulting differences in other related characteristics such as data transmission rate are part of the difference space.

[0244] The calculation methods for the common and differential subspaces of the multi-band channel basis can include Singular Value Decomposition (SVD), Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Subspace Projection (SP), etc., and no restrictions are imposed here.

[0245] For example, the preset formats of public space and difference space in the multi-frequency correlation map can be shown in the following table:

[0246] Table 4 Preset format of public space and difference space in multi-frequency correlation map

[0247] As shown in Table 4, the common space and difference space can include indices of the same and different domain vectors in the two frequency bands, indices of the same and different coefficients in the two frequency bands, the differences between these coefficients, and the common subspace and difference subspace of the domain vectors of the two frequency bands. Specifically, the meanings of the first and second columns of the table are the same as those in Table 3, and will not be repeated here.

[0248] The third column of the table represents the common subspace of the two frequency band domain vectors. Different rows in the common subspace matrix represent different frequency bands, and different columns correspond to different feature dimensions. For example, in Table 4, the first row of the common subspace matrix represents frequency band 1, the second row represents frequency band 2, the first column corresponds to the angle feature, and the second column corresponds to the time delay feature. In this case, the first column of the first row represents the weight or proportion of frequency band 1 in the angle feature dimension, that is, the proportion of its reflected signal intensity in the total signal intensity of all angular directions constituting the common subspace; the second column of the first row represents the weight or proportion of frequency band 1 in the time delay feature dimension, that is, the proportion of signal energy in the total time-delay signal energy constituting the common subspace; the first column of the second row represents the weight or proportion of frequency band 2 in the angle feature dimension; and the second column of the second row represents the weight or proportion of frequency band 2 in the time delay feature dimension.

[0249] The fourth column of the table shows the difference subspaces of the two frequency band domain vectors. The difference subspace is a subspace in the feature basis of two different frequency bands that belongs to only one frequency band and not the other, showing the difference between the two frequency bands in the frequency domain features. For example, in Table 4, the first row and first column of the difference subspace matrix represent the degree of difference of frequency band 1 in the first difference frequency domain feature dimension; the first row and second column represent the difference between frequency band 1 and frequency band 2 in the second difference frequency domain feature dimension; the second row and first column represent the difference between frequency band 2 and frequency band 1 in the first difference frequency domain feature dimension; and the second row and second column represent the difference between frequency band 2 and frequency band 1 in the second difference frequency domain feature dimension.

[0250] The fifth column of the table shows the index of the common domain vector of the two frequency bands, and the sixth column shows the difference in coefficients between the two frequency bands. Table 4 above is only an example of the storage format of the common space and difference space in a multi-frequency correlation map, and no restrictions are placed on the storage format and content of the common space and difference space in the multi-frequency correlation map.

[0251] As can be seen, in this example, by constructing a multi-frequency correlation map based on information such as the correlation, common space, and difference space of the first and second channels, the correlation and differences between the two channels can be presented from multiple dimensions, thus facilitating the inference of information about a specific channel based on the multi-frequency correlation map.

[0252] In one possible implementation, the multi-frequency correlation map is constructed using the following method:

[0253] The correlation of the first information of the first channel and the second channel is calculated by the receiving CU; the common space and difference space of the first channel and the second channel are calculated by the receiving CU; the first array calibration matrix of the first channel and the second array calibration matrix of the second channel are calculated by the receiving CU; and a multi-frequency correlation map is obtained based on the correlation of the first information of the first channel and the second channel, the common space and difference space of the first channel and the second channel, and the first array calibration matrix of the first channel and the second array calibration matrix of the second channel.

[0254] The storage process and preset format of correlation, common space and difference space in multi-frequency correlation graph can be found in Figures 9-10 above and the descriptions in the method embodiments shown in Tables 3-4, and will not be repeated here.

[0255] Please refer to Figure 11, which is a flowchart of obtaining the array calibration matrix in a multi-frequency correlation map according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 11, the first DU and the second DU first calculate their respective channels, and then send the calculated channels to the CU. The CU is responsible for calculating the array calibration matrix of the first channel and the array calibration matrix of the second channel based on the received channel information. Then, the CU sends the array calibration matrix of the first channel and the array calibration matrix of the second channel to the SU. The SU stores the array calibration matrix of the first channel and the array calibration matrix of the second channel according to a preset format to obtain the array calibration matrix in the multi-frequency correlation map.

[0256] In one possible implementation, the above signaling interaction process can be implemented based on the architecture shown in Figure 13. Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of a multi-base station functional unit connection architecture under the core network provided by an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 13, base station 1 and base station 2 each include CU, SU, DU and RU. The SU in each base station needs to interact with the DU through the CU. Base station 1 and base station 2 can interact through the core network.

[0257] In the above signaling interaction process, the first DU and the second DU correspond to DUs of different base stations. The first DU and the second DU are respectively connected to the CU in their respective base stations, and then exchange messages with the SU in their respective base stations through the CU. Specifically, when the SU in the base station to which the first DU belongs needs to exchange messages with the second DU, taking the first DU as the DU of base station 1 and the second DU as the DU of base station 2 as an example, the message interaction process between the two base stations can be as follows: the SU of base station 1 first transmits the message to the CU of base station 1, the CU of base station 1 sends the received message to the core network, and then the CU of base station 2 receives the message from the core network and transmits the message to the second DU, and vice versa.

[0258] In one possible implementation, the above signaling interaction process can be implemented based on the architecture shown in Figure 14. Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of a multi-base station functional unit connection architecture under the core network provided by an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 14, base station 1 and base station 2 each include CU, DU and RU. Base station 1 and base station 2 do not set up SU inside, but are connected to the same SU through their respective CU. Base station 1 and base station 2 can directly interact through the common SU.

[0259] In the above signaling interaction process, the first DU and the second DU correspond to DUs of different base stations. The first DU and the second DU are respectively connected to the CU in their respective base stations, and then exchange messages with the common SU through the CU. Specifically, when the SU in the base station to which the first DU belongs needs to exchange messages with the second DU, taking the first DU as the DU of base station 1 and the second DU as the DU of base station 2 as an example, the message exchange process between the two base stations can be as follows: the SU of base station 1 first transmits the message to the CU of base station 1, the CU of base station 1 sends the received message to the common SU, and then the CU of base station 2 receives the message from the common SU and transmits the message to the second DU, and vice versa.

[0260] Please refer to Figure 12, which is a flowchart of another method for obtaining the array calibration matrix in a multi-frequency correlation map according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 12, the first DU and the second DU first calculate their respective channels, and then send the calculated channels to the CU. The CU is responsible for calculating the array calibration matrix of the first channel and the array calibration matrix of the second channel based on the received channel information. Then, the array calibration matrix of the first channel and the array calibration matrix of the second channel are stored in a preset format to obtain the array calibration matrix in the multi-frequency correlation map. Alternatively, the CU can send the calculated array calibration matrix of the first channel and the array calibration matrix of the second channel to the core network connected to the CU for storage.

[0261] In one possible implementation, the signaling interaction process shown in Figure 12 can be implemented based on the architecture shown in Figure 15. Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of a multi-base station functional unit connection architecture under the core network provided by an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 15, base station 1 and base station 2 each include CU, DU and RU. There is no SU set inside base station 1 and base station 2, and there is no SU connected between base station 1 and base station 2. At this time, base station 1 and base station 2 can directly interact through the core network. Under this architecture, since there is no SU, the tasks previously performed by the SU can be taken over by the core network or CU.

[0262] At this point, the first DU and the second DU in the above signaling interaction process correspond to DUs of different base stations. The first DU and the second DU are respectively connected to the CU in their respective base stations, and then exchange messages with the core network through the CU. Specifically, when the SU in the base station to which the first DU belongs needs to exchange messages with the second DU, taking the first DU as the DU of base station 1 and the second DU as the DU of base station 2 as an example, the message exchange process between the two base stations can be as follows: the SU of base station 1 first transmits the message to the CU of base station 1, the CU of base station 1 sends the received message to the core network, and then the CU of base station 2 receives the message from the core network and transmits the message to the second DU, and vice versa.

[0263] For example, the preset format of the array calibration matrix in a multi-frequency correlation graph can be shown in the following table:

[0264] Table 5. Preset format of array calibration matrix in multi-frequency correlation graph.

[0265] As shown in Table 5, the third column contains the array calibration matrices for the two frequency bands (Band A and Band B, respectively). Taking the array calibration matrix for Band A as an example, the element "1.01" in the first column of the first row indicates that, under Band A, the amplitude of the received or transmitted signal of the first antenna element in the antenna array needs to be calibrated by multiplying it by this coefficient. A value slightly greater than 1 indicates that the relatively weak signal received by the antenna element is moderately amplified, or the signal strength is enhanced during transmission. The element "-0.02" in the second column of the first row is used to calibrate the phase difference of the signal between the first and second antenna elements. The negative sign indicates that the phase of the first antenna element relative to the second antenna element needs to be adjusted negatively, by an adjustment amount of 0.02 radians. The element "0.01" in the third column of the first row is the calibration parameter for the signal phase between the first and third antenna elements, meaning that the phase of the first antenna element relative to the third antenna element needs to be adjusted positively by 0.01 radians. The element "0.01" in the first column of the second row is for the amplitude calibration of the received or transmitted signal of the second antenna element, which needs to be multiplied by a coefficient of 0.01. The element "0.99" in the second row and second column represents the amplitude calibration coefficient for the second antenna element's received or transmitted signal. The element "-0.01" in the second row and third column is used to adjust the signal phase difference between the second and third antenna elements. The element "-0.01" in the third row and first column is the calibration coefficient for the amplitude of the received or transmitted signal of the third antenna element. The element "0.02" in the third row and second column is used to calibrate the signal phase between the third and second antenna elements. The element "1.00" in the third row and third column indicates that the third antenna element does not require additional amplitude amplification or reduction adjustment.

[0266] The elements in the array calibration matrix need to be obtained according to professional calibration procedures and on-site measurements. When the array sizes of the two frequency bands are different, the channel spectra of the two frequency bands can be calibrated through the array calibration matrix. Here, there are no restrictions on the storage format and storage content of the array calibration matrix in the multi-frequency correlation spectrum.

[0267] Specifically, the methods for calculating the array calibration matrix for different frequency bands can include Total Least Squares (TLS), Method Based on Steering Vector (MBSV), Least Squares Method (LSM), and Weighted Least Squares Method (WLSM), etc. There are no restrictions on the methods for calculating the array calibration matrix for different frequency bands here.

[0268] In this case, SU can directly store the contents of Tables 3-5 in the same table. The format of the stored table is shown in the following table:

[0269] Table 6 Storage format of multi-frequency correlation maps

[0270] As shown in Table 6, all stored parameters are optional. The multi-frequency correlation map can store one or more optional parameters.

[0271] As can be seen, in this example, by constructing a multi-frequency correlation map based on information such as the correlation, common space, difference space, and array calibration matrix of the first and second channels, the correlation and differences between the two channels can be presented from multiple dimensions. This makes it convenient to infer information about a specific channel based on the multi-frequency correlation map. At the same time, the array calibration matrix in the multi-frequency correlation map can correct the differences in array characteristics between the two channels, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the inferred information.

[0272] In one possible implementation, please refer to Figure 16, which is a flowchart illustrating another communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 16, the method includes the following steps:

[0273] S1601, send a first request message to SU, the first request message is used to request the measurement of the first information of the first channel.

[0274] In this method, the executing entity is the first DU, which can be located in a device including a base station or a chip. There is information interaction between the first DU and the CU. If there is no connecting link between the first DU and the SU, the information will first be sent from the first DU to the CU, and then from the CU to the SU.

[0275] S1602, receive the response information sent by SU, the response information includes the first information of the second channel associated with the first channel and the multi-frequency association map.

[0276] S1603, determine the first information of the first channel based on the first information of the second channel and the multi-frequency correlation map.

[0277] The first information includes at least one of the following: time delay power spectrum, angle power time delay spectrum, channel covariance matrix, and channel feature basis.

[0278] As can be seen, in this example, when the first DU needs to measure the first information of the first channel, it receives the first information of the second channel associated with the first channel, as well as the multi-frequency correlation map, and then infers the first information of the first channel based on the multi-frequency correlation map and the first information of the second channel. This achieves multi-band channel information coordination, reduces cross-frequency transmission process latency, and is conducive to accurately restoring the true state of the channel, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel map. At the same time, the correlation relationship of the multi-band map can be obtained based on the multi-carrier associated channel twin, which enables cross-band measurement-free beam alignment, synchronization, and CSI information acquisition.

[0279] In one possible implementation, the multi-frequency correlation map further includes a common space and a difference space between the first and second channels. Based on the received first information of the second channel and the multi-frequency correlation map, the first information of the first channel is determined, including:

[0280] Based on the first information of the second channel, the common space and difference space of the first and second channels in the multi-frequency correlation map, determine the first sub-information located in the common space and the second sub-information located in the difference space of the second channel; based on the first sub-information and the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the first information of the second channel, determine the third sub-information located in the common space of the first channel; based on the second sub-information, the difference space of the first and second channels in the multi-frequency correlation map, and the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the first information of the second channel, determine the fourth sub-information located in the difference space of the first channel; based on the third sub-information and the fourth sub-information, determine the first information of the first channel.

[0281] In the multi-frequency correlation spectrum, the first channel and the second channel have both common features and unique features. The common features of the first channel and the second channel are reflected in the common space, while the unique features of the first channel and the second channel are reflected in the difference space.

[0282] In this context, the common space represents information dimensions or feature regions shared by the two channels, while the difference space represents information dimensions or feature regions unique to each channel that can distinguish them from one another. Using the first information of the second channel, and according to the definition of its corresponding common and difference spaces in the multi-frequency correlation map, the first information of the second channel is decomposed into first sub-information located in the common space and second sub-information located in the difference space. Specifically, the first sub-information is the portion of the first information of the second channel located in the common space of the first and second channels, and the second sub-information is the portion of the first information of the second channel located in the difference space of the first and second channels.

[0283] Specifically, the common space and difference space of the first channel and the second channel may include, but are not limited to, the indices of the same and different feature bases in the two frequency bands, the indices of the same and different coefficients in the two frequency bands, the differences of these coefficients, and the common subspace and difference subspace of the feature bases of the two frequency bands.

[0284] As can be seen, in this example, the third sub-information of the first channel in the common space can be accurately obtained by using the correlation of the first information and the first sub-information of the second channel located in the common space. At the same time, although the first channel and the second channel have different information characteristics in the difference space, the fourth sub-information of the first channel in the difference space can be inferred by using the characteristics of the difference space, the correlation of the first information, and the second sub-information of the second channel located in the difference space. Finally, the first information of the first channel is obtained based on the third and fourth sub-information, which helps to improve the accuracy of the first information of the first channel.

[0285] In one possible implementation, the multi-frequency correlation map further includes a common space and a difference space between the first and second channels, as well as a first array calibration matrix for the first channel and a second array calibration matrix for the second channel. Based on the received first information of the second channel and the multi-frequency correlation map, the first information of the first channel is determined, including:

[0286] Based on the first information of the second channel, the common space and difference space of the first and second channels in the multi-frequency correlation map, the first sub-information located in the common space and the second sub-information located in the difference space of the second channel are determined; based on the first sub-information, the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the first information of the second channel, and the first array calibration matrix of the first channel and the second array calibration matrix of the second channel, the third sub-information located in the common space of the first channel is determined; based on the second sub-information, the difference space of the first and second channels in the multi-frequency correlation map, the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the second channel, the first array calibration matrix of the first channel and the second array calibration matrix of the second channel, the fourth sub-information located in the difference space of the first channel is determined; based on the third and fourth sub-information, the first information of the first channel is determined.

[0287] In the multi-frequency correlation spectrum, the first channel and the second channel have both common features and unique features. The common features of the first channel and the second channel are reflected in the common space, while the unique features of the first channel and the second channel are reflected in the difference space.

[0288] In this context, the common space represents information dimensions or feature regions shared by the two channels, while the difference space represents information dimensions or feature regions unique to each channel that can distinguish them from one another. By using the first information of the second channel, and according to the definition of the common space and difference space corresponding to the first channel in the multi-frequency correlation map, the information of the second channel is decomposed into first sub-information located in the common space and second sub-information located in the difference space.

[0289] Specifically, the common space and difference space of the first channel and the second channel may include, but are not limited to, the indices of the same and different feature bases in the two frequency bands, the indices of the same and different coefficients in the two frequency bands, the differences of these coefficients, and the common subspace and difference subspace of the feature bases of the two frequency bands.

[0290] The array calibration matrix is ​​an important tool used in antenna array signal processing to correct systematic errors in antenna arrays. Specifically, the array calibration matrix is ​​typically a complex matrix whose dimensions depend on the size of the antenna array. For example, for an array with N antenna elements, the calibration matrix might be an NxN square matrix. Each element in the matrix represents a correction coefficient for the relative relationships between the corresponding antenna elements.

[0291] As can be seen, in this example, based on the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the second channel, as well as the common space and difference space of the first channel and the second channel, the addition of the first array calibration matrix of the first channel and the second array calibration matrix of the second channel can correct the differences in array characteristics between the two channels, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the first information of the first channel obtained by the subsequent inference based on the first information of the second channel.

[0292] In one possible implementation, please refer to Figure 17, which is a flowchart illustrating another communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 17, the method includes the following steps:

[0293] S1701, Receive the first channel obtained by the first DU measurement and the second channel obtained by the second DU measurement.

[0294] In this method, the execution subject is the CU, which can be located in a device including a base station or a chip. There is information interaction between the CU and the first DU and the second DU. If there is no link between the SU and the first DU and the second DU, the information will first be sent from the first DU or the second DU to the CU, and then sent from the CU to the SU.

[0295] S1702, Based on the first channel and the second channel, determine the channel association information of the first channel and the second channel. The channel association information is used to construct a multi-frequency association map. The channel association information includes the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the second channel.

[0296] In one possible implementation, determining the channel association information of the first channel and the second channel based on the first channel and the second channel includes: determining a first calculation method for the correlation based on the received first signaling; and calculating the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the second channel based on the first calculation method.

[0297] The correlation between the first information of the first channel and the first information of the second channel can be characterized by the correlation coefficient, the distance metric, or the projection coefficient.

[0298] Specifically, the SU can send a first signaling to the CU to instruct the CU on a first calculation method for calculating the correlation. When it is necessary to characterize the correlation through the correlation coefficient, the first signaling indicates the calculation method for calculating the correlation coefficient. When it is necessary to characterize the correlation through the distance metric, the first signaling indicates the calculation method for calculating the distance metric. When it is necessary to characterize the correlation through the projection coefficient, the first signaling indicates the calculation method for calculating the projection coefficient.

[0299] The first calculation method can also be any other method that can calculate the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the first information of the second channel, and no restriction is imposed here.

[0300] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: if no first signaling is received, determining a second calculation method for the correlation based on a default configuration; and calculating the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the second channel based on the second calculation method.

[0301] The CU can be pre-configured with a default setting. If no first signaling indicating the first calculation method for correlation is received from the SU or core network, the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the second channel is calculated directly according to the second calculation method in the default configuration.

[0302] The second calculation method includes a calculation method for calculating the correlation coefficient, a calculation method for calculating the distance metric, and a calculation method for calculating the projection coefficient.

[0303] In one possible implementation, the correlation between the first channel and the second channel is evaluated by calculating the correlation coefficient between the first information of the first channel and each of the second channels (other channels in the multi-frequency correlation map). If the correlation coefficient is higher than a preset threshold (the preset threshold can be determined according to the specific application scenario and system requirements), the second channel is considered to be correlated with the first channel.

[0304] The formula for calculating the correlation coefficient can be the Pearson correlation coefficient formula, as shown in formula (4) below:

[0305] When the first information (such as channel covariance, time delay power spectrum, angular power spectrum, channel feature basis, etc.) is in matrix form, C1 represents the first information of the first channel, and C2 represents the first information of the second channel. Matrices C1 and C2 are first vectorized to obtain c1 and c2. Matrix vectorization can be achieved by concatenating the columns of the matrix into a column vector or by concatenating the rows of the matrix into a column vector. Cov() is the covariance function, and Var() is the variance function.

[0306] The correlation coefficients between the first and second channels include, but are not limited to, the correlation coefficients of the time delay power spectra of the two frequency bands, the correlation coefficients of the angular power time delay spectra of the two frequency bands, the correlation coefficients of the channel covariance matrices of the two frequency bands, and the correlation coefficients of the characteristic basis of the two frequency bands.

[0307] In one possible implementation, the correlation between the first channel and the second channel is evaluated by calculating the distance (e.g., cosine distance, Manhattan distance, or Mahalanobis distance) between the first information of the first channel and each of the second channels (other channels in the multi-frequency correlation map). If the distance is greater than a preset threshold (the preset threshold can be determined according to the specific application scenario and system requirements), the second channel is considered to be correlated with the first channel.

[0308] The cosine distance constructs the first and second channel information into vector form, and measures the correlation between the two channels by calculating the cosine of the angle between the two vectors. The smaller the angle, the closer the cosine value is to 1, and the more similar the two vectors are, meaning the stronger the correlation of the channel information; conversely, the larger the angle, the closer the cosine value is to 0, and the weaker the correlation of the channel information. The Manhattan distance constructs the first and second channel information into vector form, and measures the correlation between the two channels by calculating the sum of the differences between the two vectors in each dimension. The Mahalanobis distance constructs the first and second channel information into vector form, and, considering the overall covariance structure of the data, measures the correlation between the two channels by calculating the differences between the two vectors in each dimension after adjustment by the covariance matrix.

[0309] In one possible implementation, a first vector of the first matrix is ​​determined, and the second matrix is ​​projected onto the first vector to obtain projection coefficients. The second matrix is ​​then reconstructed based on the projection coefficients and the first vector to obtain a third matrix. The correlation between the first and second channels is evaluated by determining the correlation between the second and third matrices. If the correlation is greater than a preset threshold (the preset threshold can be determined based on specific application scenarios and system requirements), the second channel is considered to be associated with the first channel.

[0310] The first matrix can be determined based on the first channel, and the second matrix can be determined based on the second channel. The first and second matrices are used to represent the same characteristics of the channel (such as channel covariance, time delay power spectrum, angular power spectrum, channel feature basis, etc.).

[0311] The third matrix is ​​a projection reconstruction matrix of the second matrix onto the subspace represented by the first vector. By projecting the second matrix related to the second channel onto the first vector related to the first channel, and then determining the correlation between the second matrix and the third matrix, the degree of correlation between the second channel and the first channel in a specific direction can be determined.

[0312] For example, the first matrix and the second matrix are used to represent the channel covariance. In this case, the first matrix is ​​the channel covariance matrix of the first channel, and the second matrix is ​​the channel covariance matrix of the second channel. The channel statistical covariance matrix reflects the correlation of the channel signals in different dimensions (such as spatial dimensions). The elements in the matrix indicate the degree of correlation between signals in different dimensions. The closer the value is to 1, the stronger the correlation. The closer the value is to 0, the weaker the correlation.

[0313] Specifically, first determine the fourth matrix of the first matrix, which can be the channel covariance matrix or the Gram matrix; perform singular value decomposition or eigenvalue decomposition on the fourth matrix to obtain the first vector; and obtain the projection coefficients based on the first function, the second matrix, and the first vector. The first function can be a pseudo-inverse matrix function. The first function can be used to process the first vector.

[0314] In this case, when the fourth matrix is ​​the channel covariance matrix, the first matrix can be the channel matrix. In this case, the first matrix is ​​the channel matrix of the first channel, and the second matrix is ​​the channel matrix of the second channel. The rows of the channel matrix usually represent different antennas or receiving units of the receiving end. Each row contains channel information from all transmitting antennas to the corresponding receiving antenna in that row. The columns of the channel matrix usually represent different antennas or transmitting units of the transmitting end. Each column contains channel information from the corresponding transmitting antenna in that column to all receiving antennas.

[0315] For example, in a 2x3 channel matrix H, the element in the i-th row and j-th column represents the information gain (which can be complex, taking into account amplitude and phase) from the j-th transmit antenna to the i-th receive antenna. The first row of the matrix represents the channel information from the three transmit antennas to the first receive antenna, and the first column of the matrix identifies the channel information from the first transmit antenna to the two receive antennas.

[0316] The Gram matrix is ​​a matrix composed of the inner product of vector groups. When obtaining the Gram matrix from the first matrix, the elements in the Gram matrix can be determined by the inner product of any group of vectors (such as row vectors or column vectors) in the first matrix. For example, the column vectors of the first matrix are represented as ai (i = 1, 2, ..., n), and the element Gij of the Gram matrix is ​​the inner product of the conjugate transpose of ai and aj.

[0317] When performing singular value decomposition on the fourth matrix to obtain the first vector, the first vector can be the vector corresponding to the maximum singular value among the left or right singular vectors. The left singular vector represents the direction with the maximum projected variance in the output space after a linear transformation of the original data. When the vector corresponding to the maximum singular value of the left singular vector is used as the first vector, each element in the first vector represents the weights of the original data in each direction related to the maximum transformation intensity after the linear transformation represented by the fourth matrix. The right singular vector corresponds to the direction related to the maximum singular value in the input space. When the vector corresponding to the maximum singular value of the right singular vector is used as the first vector, each element in the first vector represents the weights of different features of the original data when constructing feature combinations with maximum energy or variance.

[0318] When performing eigenvalue decomposition on the fourth matrix to obtain the first vector, the first vector can be the eigenvector corresponding to the largest eigenvalue. In this case, each element in the first vector reflects the weight of each basis vector in the original space in the corresponding direction.

[0319] In one possible implementation, the projection coefficients can satisfy the following formula (5): P = pinv(v)B (5)

[0320] Where P can represent the projection coefficient, v can represent the first vector, B can represent the second matrix, pinv() can represent the first function, which can be a pseudo-inverse matrix function, and pinv(v) and B are multiplied by matrix to obtain P.

[0321] In one possible implementation, the third matrix can satisfy the following formula (6): B′=Pv T (6)

[0322] Here, B′ can represent the third matrix, P can represent the projection coefficients, v can represent the first vector, and the transpose of P and v is obtained by matrix multiplication to get B′.

[0323] S1703, send channel association information to SU.

[0324] The first information includes at least one of the following: time delay power spectrum, angle power time delay spectrum, channel covariance matrix, and channel feature basis.

[0325] The channel association information also includes the common space and difference space of the first and second channels.

[0326] The channel association information also includes the first array calibration matrix of the first channel and the second array calibration matrix of the second channel.

[0327] As can be seen in this example, due to the lack of correlation between the independently constructed channel maps of each frequency band in the existing technology, each channel needs to be measured separately and cannot be inferred with the help of other channel data. However, this solution calculates the channel correlation information used to construct the multi-frequency correlation map based on the first and second channels. Subsequently, when it is necessary to obtain the information of the first channel, the information of the first channel can be directly inferred based on the information of the multi-frequency correlation map and the second channel. This realizes the coordination of channel information of multiple frequency bands, reduces the latency of cross-frequency transmission process, and is conducive to accurately restoring the true state of the channel, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel map. At the same time, the correlation relationship of the multi-frequency band map can be obtained based on the correlation channel twin of the multi-carrier, which enables cross-frequency band measurement-free beam alignment, synchronization, and CSI information acquisition.

[0328] It should be noted that the specific implementation of each operation in the method embodiment shown in Figure 17 can be found in the description of the method embodiment shown in Figure 7 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0329] Please refer to Figure 18, which is a functional unit block diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 18, the communication device 1800 includes:

[0330] The receiving unit 1801 is used to receive first request information from the first distributed unit DU, wherein the first request information is used to request first information for measuring the first channel;

[0331] The determining unit 1802 is used to determine the second channel associated with the first channel based on the correlation coefficient of the first information of the first channel and the second channel in the multi-frequency correlation map;

[0332] The first transmitting unit 1803 is used to send a second request information to the second DU used for measuring the second channel. The second request information is used to obtain the first information of the second channel.

[0333] The second transmitting unit 1804 is used to send response information to the first DU. The response information includes the first information of the second channel and the multi-frequency correlation map. The first information of the second channel and the multi-frequency correlation map are used to infer the first information of the first channel.

[0334] In one possible implementation, the first information includes at least one of the following: time delay power spectrum, angular power time delay spectrum, channel covariance matrix, and channel feature basis.

[0335] In one possible implementation, the second channel is associated with the first channel when the correlation coefficient between the first information of the second channel and the first channel is greater than a preset threshold.

[0336] In one possible implementation, the multi-frequency correlation map is constructed by: receiving the correlation coefficients of the first information of the first channel and the second channel calculated by the CU; receiving the common space and difference space of the first channel and the second channel calculated by the CU; and obtaining the multi-frequency correlation map based on the correlation coefficients of the first information of the first channel and the second channel, as well as the common space and difference space of the first channel and the second channel.

[0337] In one possible implementation, the multi-frequency correlation map is constructed by: receiving correlation coefficients of first information of the first channel and the second channel calculated by the CU; receiving common space and difference space of the first channel and the second channel calculated by the CU; receiving first array calibration matrix of the first channel and second array calibration matrix of the second channel calculated by the CU; and obtaining the multi-frequency correlation map based on the correlation coefficients of the first information of the first channel and the second channel, the common space and difference space of the first channel and the second channel, and the first array calibration matrix of the first channel and the second array calibration matrix of the second channel.

[0338] In one possible implementation, before receiving the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the second channel calculated by the CU, the first transmitting unit 1803 is further configured to: send a first signaling to the CU, the first signaling being used to instruct the CU to calculate a first calculation method for the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the second channel.

[0339] It is worth noting that the specific functional implementation of the communication device 1800 is described in the communication method shown in Figure 7 above. For example, the receiving unit 1801 is used to implement the relevant content of S701, the determining unit 1802 is used to implement the relevant content of S702, the first sending unit 1803 is used to implement the relevant content of S703, and the second sending unit 1804 is used to implement the relevant content of S704. Each unit or module in the communication device 1800 can be individually or entirely merged into one or more other units or modules, or some of the units or modules can be further divided into multiple functionally smaller units or modules. This achieves the same operation without affecting the technical effect of the embodiments of this application. The above-mentioned units or modules are divided according to logical functions. In practical applications, the function of one unit (or module) is implemented by multiple units (or modules), or the function of multiple units (or modules) is implemented by one unit (or module).

[0340] Please refer to Figure 19. Figure 19 is a functional unit block diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 19, the communication device 1900 includes: a transmitting unit 1901, used to send first request information to SU, the first request information being used to request the measurement of first information of the first channel;

[0341] The receiving unit 1902 is used to receive response information sent by the SU. The response information includes first information of the second channel associated with the first channel and a multi-frequency association map.

[0342] Processing unit 1903 is used to determine the first information of the first channel based on the first information of the second channel and the multi-frequency correlation spectrum.

[0343] In one possible implementation, the first information includes at least one of the following: time delay power spectrum, angular power time delay spectrum, channel covariance matrix, and channel feature basis.

[0344] In one possible implementation, the second channel is associated with the first channel when the correlation coefficient between the first information of the second channel and the first channel is greater than a preset threshold.

[0345] In one possible implementation, the multi-frequency correlation map further includes a common space and a difference space between the first channel and the second channel. Regarding determining the first information of the first channel based on the received first information of the second channel and the multi-frequency correlation map, the processing unit 1903 is specifically configured to: determine, based on the first information of the second channel, the common space of the first channel and the difference space of the second channel in the multi-frequency correlation map, a first sub-information located in the common space and a second sub-information located in the difference space of the second channel; determine, based on the first sub-information and the correlation coefficient between the first channel and the first information of the second channel, a third sub-information located in the common space of the first channel; determine, based on the second sub-information, the difference space between the first channel and the second channel in the multi-frequency correlation map, and the correlation coefficient between the first channel and the first information of the second channel, a fourth sub-information located in the difference space of the first channel; and determine the first information of the first channel based on the third and fourth sub-information.

[0346] In one possible implementation, the multi-frequency correlation map further includes a common space and a difference space between the first and second channels, as well as a first array calibration matrix for the first channel and a second array calibration matrix for the second channel. Specifically, in determining the first information of the first channel based on the received first information of the second channel and the multi-frequency correlation map, the processing unit 1903 is configured to: determine, based on the first information of the second channel, the common space and the difference space of the first and second channels in the multi-frequency correlation map, a first sub-information located in the common space and a second sub-information located in the difference space of the second channel; determine, based on the first sub-information, the correlation coefficient between the first information of the first channel and the first information of the second channel, and the first array calibration matrix of the first channel and the second array calibration matrix of the second channel, a third sub-information located in the common space of the first channel; determine, based on the second sub-information, the difference space between the first and second channels in the multi-frequency correlation map, the correlation coefficient between the first information of the first channel and the first information of the second channel, the first array calibration matrix of the first channel and the second array calibration matrix of the second channel, a fourth sub-information located in the difference space of the first channel; and determine the first information of the first channel based on the third and fourth sub-information.

[0347] It is worth noting that the specific functional implementation of the communication device 1900 is described in the communication method shown in Figure 16 above. For example, the sending unit 1901 is used to implement the relevant content of S1601, the receiving unit 1902 is used to implement the relevant content of S1602, and the processing unit 1903 is used to implement the relevant content of S1603. Each unit or module in the communication device 1900 can be individually or entirely merged into one or more other units or modules, or some of the units or modules can be further divided into multiple functionally smaller units or modules. This achieves the same operation without affecting the technical effect of the embodiments of this application. The above-mentioned units or modules are divided according to logical functions. In practical applications, the function of one unit (or module) is implemented by multiple units (or modules), or the function of multiple units (or modules) is implemented by one unit (or module).

[0348] Please refer to Figure 20. Figure 20 is a functional unit block diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 20, the communication device 2000 includes: a receiving unit 2001, used to receive a first channel measured by a first distributed unit DU and a second channel measured by a second DU.

[0349] The determining unit 2002 is used to determine the channel association information of the first channel and the second channel based on the first channel and the second channel. The channel association information is used to construct a multi-frequency association map. The channel association information includes the correlation coefficient of the first information of the first channel and the second channel.

[0350] The transmitting unit 2003 is used to transmit channel association information to the service unit SU.

[0351] In one possible implementation, in determining the channel association information of the first channel and the second channel based on the first channel and the second channel, the determining unit 2002 is specifically used to: determine a first calculation method for the correlation based on the received first signaling; and calculate the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the second channel based on the first calculation method.

[0352] In one possible implementation, the determining unit 2002 is further configured to: if no first signaling is received, determine a second calculation method for the correlation based on a default configuration; and calculate the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the second channel based on the second calculation method.

[0353] In one possible implementation, the first information includes at least one of the following: time delay power spectrum, angular power time delay spectrum, channel covariance matrix, and channel feature basis.

[0354] In one possible implementation, the channel association information also includes the common space and difference space of the first and second channels.

[0355] In one possible implementation, the channel association information also includes a first array calibration matrix for the first channel and a second array calibration matrix for the second channel.

[0356] It is worth noting that the specific functional implementation of the communication device 2000 is described in the communication method shown in Figure 17 above. For example, the receiving unit 2001 is used to implement the relevant content of S1701, the determining unit 2002 is used to implement the relevant content of S1702, and the sending unit 2003 is used to implement the relevant content of S1703. Each unit or module in the communication device 2000 can be individually or entirely merged into one or more other units or modules, or some of the units or modules can be further divided into multiple functionally smaller units or modules. This achieves the same operation without affecting the technical effect of the embodiments of this application. The above-mentioned units or modules are divided according to logical functions. In practical applications, the function of one unit (or module) is implemented by multiple units (or modules), or the function of multiple units (or modules) is implemented by one unit (or module).

[0357] Based on the description of the above method embodiments and related device embodiments, please refer to FIG21. FIG21 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. The communication device 2100 shown in FIG21 includes a processor 2101, a memory 2102, a communication interface 2103, and a bus 2104. The processor 2101, the memory 2102, and the communication interface 2103 are interconnected through the bus 2104.

[0358] Optionally, the memory 2102 can be ROM, static storage device, dynamic storage device, or RAM.

[0359] The memory 2102 is capable of storing executable program code. When the executable program code stored in the memory 2102 is executed by the processor 2101, the processor 2101 and the communication interface 2103 are used to execute the various steps of the communication method of the embodiments shown in FIG7, FIG16 or FIG17.

[0360] The processor 2101 employs a general-purpose CPU, microprocessor, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), GPU, or one or more integrated circuits to execute relevant programs to perform the communication method of the method embodiment of this application.

[0361] Processor 2101 can also be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In implementation, each step of the communication method of this application can be completed through integrated logic circuits in the hardware of processor 2101 or instructions in software form. Optionally, processor 2101 is a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA, or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, or discrete hardware component. The processor can implement or execute the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of this application. A general-purpose processor is a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc. The steps of the methods disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be directly embodied in the execution of a hardware decoding processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. Optional software modules are located in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, or other mature storage media in the art. The storage medium is located in memory 2102. Processor 2101 reads the information in memory 2102 and, in conjunction with its hardware, performs the functions required by the modules included in the communication device 1800, communication device 1900, or communication device 2000 of this application embodiment, or performs the communication method of the embodiment shown in FIG7, FIG16, or FIG17 of this application.

[0362] The communication interface 2103 uses transceiver-related devices such as, but not limited to, transceivers. The bus 2104 may include a path for transmitting information between various components of the communication device 2100 (e.g., memory 2102, processor 2101, communication interface 2103).

[0363] It should be noted that although the communication device 2100 shown in Figure 21 only illustrates the memory, processor, and communication interface, those skilled in the art should understand that in specific implementations, the communication device 2100 may also include other devices necessary for normal operation. Furthermore, depending on specific needs, those skilled in the art should understand that the communication device 2100 may also include hardware devices for implementing other additional functions. In addition, those skilled in the art should understand that the communication device 2100 may only include the devices necessary for implementing the embodiments of this application, and not necessarily all the devices shown in Figure 21.

[0364] This application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for electronic data interchange. The computer program includes execution instructions for performing some or all of the steps of any of the communication methods described in the above-described communication method embodiments. The computer includes an electronic terminal device.

[0365] This application provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program operable to enable a computer to perform some or all of the steps of any of the communication methods described in the above method embodiments. The computer program product may be a software installation package.

[0366] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, each of the aforementioned embodiments of the communication method is described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the described order of actions, as some steps may be performed in other orders or simultaneously according to this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments, and the actions involved are not necessarily essential to this application.

[0367] The embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of a communication method and device of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and its core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope based on the idea of ​​a communication method and device of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0368] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, hardware products, and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in one or more flowchart illustrations and / or one or more block diagrams.

[0369] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means that implement the functions specified in one or more flowcharts and / or one or more block diagrams. The storage medium may include: flash drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks, etc.

[0370] Although this application has been described herein in conjunction with various embodiments, those skilled in the art, by reviewing the accompanying drawings, disclosure, and appended claims, will understand and implement other variations of the disclosed embodiments in carrying out the claimed application. In the claims, the word "comprising" does not exclude other components or steps, and "a" or "an" does not exclude multiple instances. While different dependent claims may recite certain measures, this does not mean that these measures cannot be combined to produce a good effect.

[0371] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the various methods of any of the above-described communication method embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage device, which may include: a flash drive, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, etc.

[0372] It is understood that any product controlled or configured to execute the processing method of the flowchart described in an embodiment of a communication method of this application, such as the apparatus and computer program product of the above flowchart, falls within the scope of the related products described in this application. Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the communication method and apparatus provided in this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if these modifications and variations of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, include: Receive a first request message from the first distributed unit (DU), the first request message being used to request first information for measuring the first channel; Based on the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the second channel in the multi-frequency correlation map, the second channel associated with the first channel is determined. Send a second request message to the second DU used to measure the second channel, the second request message being used to obtain the first information of the second channel; A response message is sent to the first DU. The response message includes the first information of the second channel and the multi-frequency correlation map. The first information of the second channel and the multi-frequency correlation map are used to infer the first information of the first channel.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first information includes at least one of the following: time delay power spectrum, angular power time delay spectrum, channel covariance matrix, and channel feature basis.

3. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the correlation between the second channel and the first information of the first channel is greater than a preset threshold, the second channel is associated with the first channel.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The multi-frequency correlation map was constructed using the following method: The correlation between the first information of the first channel and the second channel calculated by the receiving center unit (CU); The common space and difference space of the first channel and the second channel are calculated by the receiving CU; A multi-frequency correlation map is obtained based on the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the second channel, as well as the common space and difference space of the first channel and the second channel.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The multi-frequency correlation map was constructed using the following method: The correlation between the first information of the first channel and the second channel calculated by the receiving CU; The common space and difference space of the first channel and the second channel are calculated by the receiving CU; The first array calibration matrix of the first channel and the second array calibration matrix of the second channel are calculated by the CU. Based on the correlation of the first information of the first channel and the second channel, the common space and difference space of the first channel and the second channel, and the first array calibration matrix of the first channel and the second array calibration matrix of the second channel, a multi-frequency correlation map is obtained.

6. The method as described in claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, Before the correlation of the first information of the first channel and the second channel calculated by the receiving CU, the method further includes: Send a first signaling message to the CU, the first signaling message being used to instruct the CU to calculate a first calculation method for the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the second channel.

7. A communication method, characterized in that, include: Send a first request message to the service unit SU, the first request message being used to request first information for measuring the first channel; Receive response information sent by SU, the response information including first information of the second channel associated with the first channel and a multi-frequency association map; The first information of the first channel is determined based on the first information of the second channel and the multi-frequency correlation map.

8. The method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The first information includes at least one of the following: time delay power spectrum, angular power time delay spectrum, channel covariance matrix, and channel feature basis.

9. The method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, When the correlation between the second channel and the first information of the first channel is greater than a preset threshold, the second channel is associated with the first channel.

10. The method according to any one of claims 7-9, characterized in that, The multi-frequency correlation map further includes a common space and a difference space between the first channel and the second channel. Determining the first information of the first channel based on the first information of the second channel and the multi-frequency correlation map includes: Based on the first information of the second channel, the common space and difference space of the first channel and the second channel in the multi-frequency correlation map, the first sub-information located in the common space and the second sub-information located in the difference space of the second channel are determined; Based on the correlation between the first sub-information and the first information of the first channel and the second channel, the third sub-information located in the common space of the first channel is determined; Based on the second sub-information, the difference space between the first channel and the second channel in the multi-frequency correlation map, and the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the second channel, the fourth sub-information located in the difference space of the first channel is determined; Based on the third sub-information and the fourth sub-information, the first information of the first channel is determined.

11. The method according to any one of claims 7-9, characterized in that, The multi-frequency correlation map further includes a common space and a difference space between the first channel and the second channel, as well as a first array calibration matrix for the first channel and a second array calibration matrix for the second channel. Determining the first information of the first channel based on the first information of the second channel and the multi-frequency correlation map includes: Based on the first information of the second channel, the common space and difference space of the first channel and the second channel in the multi-frequency correlation map, the first sub-information located in the common space and the second sub-information located in the difference space of the second channel are determined; Based on the first sub-information, the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the first information of the second channel, and the first array calibration matrix of the first channel and the second array calibration matrix of the second channel, the third sub-information located in the common space of the first channel is determined; Based on the second sub-information, the difference space between the first channel and the second channel in the multi-frequency correlation spectrum, the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the second channel, the first array calibration matrix of the first channel and the second array calibration matrix of the second channel, the fourth sub-information located in the difference space of the first channel is determined; Based on the third sub-information and the fourth sub-information, the first information of the first channel is determined.

12. A communication method, characterized in that, include: Receive the first channel obtained by the first distributed unit (DU) measurement and the second channel obtained by the second DU measurement; Based on the first channel and the second channel, channel association information of the first channel and the second channel is determined. The channel association information is used to construct a multi-frequency association map. The channel association information includes the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the second channel. The channel association information is sent to the service unit SU.

13. The method as described in claim 12, characterized in that, The step of determining the channel association information of the first channel and the second channel based on the first channel and the second channel includes: Based on the received first signaling, determine the first calculation method for the correlation; The correlation between the first information of the first channel and the second channel is calculated according to the first calculation method.

14. The method as described in claim 13, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the first signaling is not received, the second calculation method for the correlation is determined according to the default configuration; According to the second calculation method, the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the second channel is calculated.

15. The method according to any one of claims 12-14, characterized in that, The first information includes at least one of the following: time delay power spectrum, angular power time delay spectrum, channel covariance matrix, and channel feature basis.

16. The method according to any one of claims 12-14, characterized in that, The channel association information also includes the common space and difference space of the first channel and the second channel.

17. The method as described in claim 16, characterized in that, The channel association information also includes the first array calibration matrix of the first channel and the second array calibration matrix of the second channel.

18. A communication device, characterized in that, include: A receiving unit is configured to receive first request information from a first distributed unit (DU), wherein the first request information is used to request first information for measuring a first channel. The determining unit is used to determine the second channel associated with the first channel based on the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the second channel in the multi-frequency correlation map; The first transmitting unit is configured to send a second request information to a second DU used for measuring the second channel, wherein the second request information is used to obtain first information of the second channel. The second transmitting unit is used to send response information to the first DU. The response information includes the first information of the second channel and the multi-frequency correlation map. The first information of the second channel and the multi-frequency correlation map are used to infer the first information of the first channel.

19. A communication device, characterized in that, include: The sending unit is configured to send a first request information to the service unit SU, wherein the first request information is used to request first information for measuring the first channel; A receiving unit is configured to receive response information transmitted by the SU, the response information including first information of a second channel associated with the first channel and a multi-frequency association map; The processing unit is configured to determine the first information of the first channel based on the first information of the second channel and the multi-frequency correlation map.

20. A communication device, characterized in that, include: A receiving unit is used to receive the first channel measured by the first distributed unit (DU) and the second channel measured by the second DU. The determining unit is configured to determine channel association information of the first channel and the second channel based on the first channel and the second channel. The channel association information is used to construct a multi-frequency association map. The channel association information includes the correlation between the first information of the first channel and the second channel. The transmitting unit is used to transmit the channel association information to the service unit SU.

21. A service unit comprising a processor, a memory, and a computer program or instructions stored in the memory, characterized in that, The processor executes the computer program or instructions to implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1-6.

22. A distributed unit, comprising a processor, a memory, and a computer program or instructions stored in the memory, characterized in that, The processor executes the computer program or instructions to implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 7-11.

23. A central unit, comprising a processor, a memory, and a computer program or instructions stored in the memory, characterized in that, The processor executes the computer program or instructions to implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 12-17.

24. A chip, characterized in that, The chip includes a processor and an interface, the processor and the interface being coupled; the processor is configured to execute code instructions to perform the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1-17.

25. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, the computer program including program instructions that, when executed by an electronic device, implement the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1-17.

26. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes a computer program for causing a computer to perform the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1-17.

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