Resource determination methods and apparatus, devices and storage medium

Abstract

Provided in the present disclosure are resource determination methods and apparatus, devices and a storage medium. A method comprises: receiving first signaling sent by a first node, the first signaling being used for indicating a group of candidate transmission resources for a first message in a random access procedure; and, on the basis of a predefined rule, selecting from the group of candidate transmission resources a target transmission resource for the first A-IoT device to send the first message.

Description

Resource determination methods, apparatus, equipment and storage media

[0001] This disclosure claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202510126863.1, filed on January 27, 2025, entitled “Resource Determination Method, Apparatus, Equipment and Storage Medium”, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a resource determination method, apparatus, device and storage medium. Background Technology

[0003] The Ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) communication system supports Contention Based Random Access (CBRA). In the CBRA random access process, the first node (e.g., terminal, base station, etc.) sends the first signaling through broadcast, and a large number of A-IoT devices need to respond to the first signaling to perform random access.

[0004] During the random access process of A-IoT devices based on CBRA, in response to the first signaling sent by the first node, the first message (i.e. message 1, Msg1) needs to be sent. However, the current relevant protocols do not address how to select resources for transmitting Msg1, i.e., how to select resources for transmitting Msg1, and there is currently no relevant solution. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This disclosure provides a resource determination method, apparatus, device, and storage medium to enable an AIoT device to select resources for transmitting Msg1 from a set of candidate transmission resources indicated by a first node.

[0006] This disclosure provides a resource determination method applied to an A-IoT device in a first environment, the method comprising:

[0007] Receive a first signaling sent by the first node, the first signaling being used to indicate a set of candidate transmission resources for the first message during the random access process;

[0008] Based on predefined rules, a target transmission resource is selected from the set of candidate transmission resources for the first A-IoT device to send the first message.

[0009] This disclosure provides a resource determination method applied to a first node, including:

[0010] Send a first signaling to at least one A-IoT device, wherein the at least one A-IoT device includes a first A-IoT device;

[0011] The first signaling is used to indicate a set of candidate transmission resources for the first message during the random access process, and the set of candidate transmission resources is used to select the target transmission resource for sending the first message.

[0012] This disclosure provides a communication device, including: a memory, a transceiver, and a processor. The communication device is a first A-IoT device, wherein:

[0013] The memory is used to store computer programs; the transceiver is used to send and receive data under the control of the processor; the processor is used to read the computer programs in the memory and perform the following operations:

[0014] Receive a first signaling sent by the first node, the first signaling being used to indicate a set of candidate transmission resources for the first message during the random access process;

[0015] Based on predefined rules, a target transmission resource is selected from the set of candidate transmission resources for the first A-IoT device to send the first message.

[0016] This disclosure provides a communication device, including: a memory, a transceiver, and a processor. The communication device can be a first node, wherein:

[0017] The memory is used to store computer programs; the transceiver is used to send and receive data under the control of the processor; the processor is used to read the computer programs in the memory and perform the following operations:

[0018] Send a first signaling to at least one A-IoT device, wherein the at least one A-IoT device includes a first A-IoT device;

[0019] The first signaling is used to indicate a set of candidate transmission resources for the first message during the random access process, and the set of candidate transmission resources is used to select the target transmission resource for sending the first message.

[0020] This disclosure provides a resource determination apparatus for use in a first AIoT device, the apparatus comprising:

[0021] The first receiving module is used to receive the first signaling sent by the first node, wherein the first signaling is used to indicate a set of candidate transmission resources for the first message during the random access process;

[0022] The selection module is used to select, based on predefined rules, a target transmission resource from the set of candidate transmission resources for the first A-IoT device to send the first message.

[0023] This disclosure provides a resource determination apparatus applied to a first node, the apparatus comprising:

[0024] A first transmitting module is configured to transmit a first signaling to at least one A-IoT device, wherein the at least one A-IoT device includes a first A-IoT device;

[0025] The first signaling is used to indicate a set of candidate transmission resources for the first message during the random access process, and the set of candidate transmission resources is used to select the target transmission resource for sending the first message.

[0026] This disclosure provides a processor-readable storage medium storing a computer program that causes the processor to execute the resource determination method provided in this disclosure.

[0027] This disclosure provides a computer program product, including computer instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the resource determination method described above.

[0028] In this embodiment, the first node can send a first signaling to the A-IoT device. The first signaling can indicate a set of candidate transmission resources for the first message during the random access process. After receiving the first signaling, the first A-IoT device can select resources based on predefined rules, thereby selecting resources for transmitting Msg1 from a set of candidate transmission resources indicated by the first node. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of one of the network architectures applicable to the present disclosure.

[0030] Figure 2 is a second schematic diagram of the network architecture applicable to the present disclosure.

[0031] Figure 3 is a flowchart of one of the resource determination methods provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0032] Figure 4 is a second flowchart of a resource determination method provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0033] Figure 5 is one of the schematic diagrams illustrating the principle of determining candidate transmission resources and their indexes according to an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0034] Figure 6 is a second schematic diagram illustrating the principle of determining candidate transmission resources and their indexes according to an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0035] Figure 7 is a third schematic diagram illustrating the principle of determining candidate transmission resources and their indexes according to an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0036] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the transmission probability on a candidate transmission resource provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0037] Figure 9 is a structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0038] Figure 10 is a structural diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0039] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a resource determination device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0040] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of another resource determination device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by this disclosure clearer, a detailed description will be given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0042] In this disclosure, the term "and / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0043] In this disclosure, the term "multiple" refers to two or more, and other quantifiers are similar.

[0044] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this disclosure, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0045] This disclosure provides a resource determination method, apparatus, device, and storage medium to enable an AIoT device to select resources for transmitting Msg1 from a set of candidate transmission resources indicated by a first node.

[0046] The methods, apparatus, and equipment are based on the same concept of the application. Since the methods and equipment solve problems in similar ways, the implementation of the apparatus, equipment, and methods can refer to each other, and the repeated parts will not be described again.

[0047] The technical solutions provided in this disclosure are applicable to a variety of systems, especially 6-Generation (6G) mobile communication systems. For example, applicable systems may include Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE Frequency Division Duplex (FDD), LTE Time Division Duplex (TDD), Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), 5-Generation (5G) New Radio (NR), and 6G systems. All of these systems include terminal equipment and network equipment. The system may also include a core network component, such as the Evolved Packet System (EPS) or the 5G System (5GS).

[0048] Please refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic diagram of one of the network architectures applicable to the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 1, it includes a first device (e.g., an A-IoT device) 11 and a network device (e.g., a base station (BS)).

[0049] The terminal device (terminal) involved in the embodiments of this disclosure can be a device that provides voice and / or data connectivity to a user, a handheld device with wireless connectivity, or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem. The name of the terminal device may differ in different systems; for example, in a 5G system, the terminal device can be called User Equipment (UE). The wireless terminal device can communicate with one or more core networks (CNs) via a Radio Access Network (RAN). The wireless terminal device can be a mobile terminal device, such as a mobile phone (or "cellular" phone) and a computer with a mobile terminal device, for example, a portable, pocket-sized, handheld, computer-embedded, or vehicle-mounted mobile device, which exchanges voice and / or data with the radio access network. Examples include Personal Communication Service (PCS) phones, cordless phones, Session Initiated Protocol (SIP) phones, Wireless Local Loop (WLL) stations, Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs), Redcap terminals, and Low Power Wide Area (LPWA) terminals. Wireless terminal equipment can also be referred to as a system, subscriber unit, subscriber station, mobile station, mobile terminal, remote station, access point, remote terminal, access terminal, user terminal, user agent, or user device; however, this disclosure does not limit the terminology used in this embodiment.

[0050] The network device disclosed in this embodiment may be a base station, which may include multiple cells providing services to terminals. Depending on the specific application, the base station may also be called an access point, or a device in the access network that communicates with the wireless terminal device through one or more sectors on the air interface, or other names. The network device may be used to exchange received air frames with Internet Protocol (IP) packets, acting as a router between the wireless terminal device and the rest of the access network, where the rest of the access network may include an Internet Protocol (IP) communication network. The network device may also coordinate the attribute management of the air interface. For example, the network equipment involved in this disclosure can be a base transceiver station (BTS) in a Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) or Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system, a NodeB in a Wide-band Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system, an evolved Node B (eNB or e-NodeB) in a long term evolution (LTE) system, a 5G base station (gNB) in a next generation system, a base station in 6G, a Home evolved Node B (HeNB), a relay node, a femto, a pico, etc., and is not limited in this disclosure. In some network structures, the network equipment may include centralized unit (CU) nodes and distributed unit (DU) nodes, and the centralized unit and distributed unit may be geographically separated.

[0051] It should be noted that the technology involved in the embodiments disclosed herein is as follows:

[0052] 1) A-IoT device types and power consumption

[0053] Based on their power consumption and whether they have the ability to generate signals independently, A-IoT devices can be classified into the following categories:

[0054] A-IoT device type (Type) 1 (also known as Type A): Data transmission and reception target power consumption is ≤1μW, with energy storage capability, initial sampling frequency deviation is at most 10X ppm, without downlink / uplink amplifiers, without independent signal generation capability, and signal transmission is carried out through backscattering based on an externally provided carrier wave;

[0055] A-IoT device type 2a (also known as type B): Data transmission and reception target power consumption is ≤ several hundred μW, with energy storage capability, initial sampling frequency deviation of up to 10X ppm, with downlink and / or uplink amplifiers, no independent signal generation capability, and signal transmission is based on the backscattering method of the externally provided carrier wave;

[0056] A-IoT device type 2b (also known as type C): Data transmission and reception target power consumption is ≤ several hundred μW, with energy storage capability, initial sampling frequency deviation of up to 10X ppm, with downlink and / or uplink amplifiers, with independent signal generation capability, and uplink transmission can be generated autonomously by the device.

[0057] 2) A-IoT Topology

[0058] Based on the different node types and communication methods in the synchronization system, at least the following two IoT topologies are included:

[0059] The first type of IoT topology (Topo1), as shown in Figure 1, is a topology in which A-IoT devices are directly connected to base stations (BS), (for example, 5G base stations gNB, etc.). A-IoT devices and base stations communicate directly in both directions (i.e., direct communication). The communication between the base station and A-IoT devices includes ambient IoT data and / or signaling.

[0060] The second type of IoT topology (Topo2) is shown in Figure 2. It is a network topology that includes an intermediate node. This topology includes a first device (e.g., an A-IoT device) 21, a network device 22 (e.g., a base station), and an intermediate node (also called a relay node) 23 located between the A-IoT device 21 and the network device 22. (The reading device can be set in the intermediate node, or the reading device is the intermediate node.) The A-IoT device communicates with the base station through the intermediate node.

[0061] In the above topology, the link where the A-IoT device receives information from the base station / relay node is a downlink R2D link, and the link where the A-IoT device reflects information back to the base station / relay node is an uplink D2R link. In Topic 1, the device transmitting the Device to Reader (D2R) signal is the A-IoT device, the receiving device is the base station, and the reader (e.g., a reader) can be located at the base station, or the reader itself can be the base station. In Topic 2, the device transmitting the D2R signal is the A-IoT device, the receiving device is a relay node (e.g., it can include a terminal device (UE), etc.), and the reader can be located at the relay node, or the reader itself can be the relay node.

[0062] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the aforementioned network devices (e.g., base stations) and relay nodes (e.g., terminal devices) can be uniformly referred to as "first nodes," that is, the first node can be, but is not limited to, network devices or relay nodes.

[0063] 3) Random access to A-IoT systems

[0064] The A-IoT system supports both contention-based random access (CBRA) and contention-free random access (CFRA). For CBRA, the A-IoT system supports at least three steps of the random access mechanism, as follows:

[0065] Msg1: The A-IoT device sends a randomly generated identifier (ID) to the reader;

[0066] Msg2: The reader sends the ID received in Msg1 to the A-IoT device;

[0067] Msg3: The A-IoT device sends the device ID and / or other data to the reader according to the requirements of the higher level.

[0068] A-IoT systems may also support a two-step random access mechanism, the specific process of which is as follows:

[0069] Msg1: The A-IoT device sends its device ID and / or other data to the reader according to the requirements of the higher layer;

[0070] Msg2: The reader will repeatedly send some of the information obtained from Msg1 to the A-IoT device.

[0071] During the random access process of A-IoT devices based on the CBRA method, the first node can broadcast or multicast the first signaling. In response to the first signaling, the A-IoT device first needs to send a first message (Msg1). However, current protocols do not address how to select resources from the candidate transmission resources indicated by the first signaling for transmitting Msg1. That is, how to select resources for transmitting Msg1 from the candidate transmission resources indicated by the first node during the random access process of the A-IoT device remains unresolved. Therefore, this disclosure provides a resource determination method that selects resources from a set of candidate transmission resources for the first message during the random access process indicated by the first signaling using at least one of the following: a random number, the number of the first A-IoT device, index information, and time information, thereby determining the target transmission resource for the A-IoT device to send the first message.

[0072] Please refer to Figure 3, which is a flowchart of a resource determination method provided in an embodiment of this disclosure, applied to a first AIoT device. As shown in Figure 3, it includes the following steps:

[0073] Step 301: Receive the first signaling sent by the first node, the first signaling being used to indicate a set of candidate transmission resources for the first message during the random access process;

[0074] Step 302: Based on predefined rules, select the target transmission resource from a set of candidate transmission resources for the first A-IoT device to send the first message.

[0075] It should be understood that the first signaling can be an R2D signal carried on a Physical Device to Reader Channel (PRDCH), which may include, but is not limited to, paging signaling. The first node may include network devices (e.g., base stations, etc.) and / or relay nodes (e.g., terminal devices (UEs)).

[0076] The first node can send a first signaling message to the A-IoT devices (which can be a group or multiple devices) served by the first node in the environmental IoT. If the first signaling message does not carry a device identifier, it is considered a broadcast signaling message, and all devices need to respond to it. If the first signaling message carries a device group identifier, such as a Device group ID, it is considered a multicast signaling message, and only a group of devices corresponding to the device group identifier needs to respond. The first A-IoT device can be a device among the A-IoT devices served by the first node, that is, the first A-IoT device can be multiple A-IoT devices or a device among a group of A-IoT devices corresponding to the same device group ID. A set of candidate transmission resources can include at least two candidate transmission resources.

[0077] In this embodiment, the first node can send a first signaling to the A-IoT device. The first signaling can indicate a set of candidate transmission resources for the first message during the random access process. After receiving the first signaling, the first A-IoT device can select resources based on predefined rules, thereby selecting resources for transmitting Msg1 from a set of candidate transmission resources indicated by the first node.

[0078] In some embodiments, a target transmission resource for the first A-IoT device to send the first message is selected from a set of candidate transmission resources based on predefined rules, including at least one of the following:

[0079] Randomly select the first transmission resource from a set of candidate transmission resources;

[0080] Based on the target information and the first rule, a first target resource is selected from a set of candidate transmission resources; wherein the target information includes at least one of the following:

[0081] The first A-IoT device's serial number, index information, and time information.

[0082] It is understood that the predefined rules may include at least one of a random selection rule and a first rule. For the random selection rule, a first transmission resource may be randomly selected from a set of candidate transmission resources. For the first rule, a first target resource may be selected from a set of candidate transmission resources based on the target information and the first rule. The first target resource may include at least one of a first transmission resource and a first target resource.

[0083] The method of randomly selecting a first transmission resource from a set of candidate transmission resources can be understood as a random selection rule. The method of random selection is not limited; for example, a first random number can be generated using a random number generation function, and the transmission resource indexed by the first random number is the first transmission resource. It should be noted that a set of candidate transmission resources includes at least two candidate transmission resources, with a total of Z resources, Z = X × Y, where X is the number of time-domain resources and Y is the number of frequency-domain resources. In this method, the first random number can be understood as a time-frequency resource index, and each resource in the set of candidate transmission resources corresponds to an index, i.e., a time-frequency resource index, resulting in Z time-frequency resource indices. Each time-frequency resource index corresponds to a candidate transmission resource. This means that the resource indices in a set of candidate transmission resources can be numbered together according to the time and frequency domains, with each resource corresponding to a time-frequency resource index. For example, a time-frequency resource index can be determined by prioritizing the frequency domain over the time domain. Randomly selecting the first transmission resource corresponding to a time-frequency resource index from a set of candidate transmission resources can then be used to transmit the first message.

[0084] The identifier of the first A-IoT device can be used to identify the first A-IoT device. For example, it can include a 16-bit random number (RN16) generated by the A-IoT device or the Electronic Product Code (EPC) of the first A-IoT device. As an example, the time information can be time information related to the receipt of the first signaling.

[0085] In this embodiment, there are multiple ways to select the target transmission resource. For example, it can be selected randomly, or it can be selected based on the target information and the first rule. Any of the above methods can be used to select the resource, thereby improving the flexibility of resource selection.

[0086] At the same time, due to the randomness, the target transmission resources randomly selected by different A-IoT devices for the first message will be largely different. This can reduce the possibility that different A-IoT devices will select the same resource to transmit the first message, thereby reducing the conflict between the target transmission resources selected by different A-IoT devices for transmitting the first message, improving the success rate of the first message transmission, and thus improving the success rate of random access. Meanwhile, if an A-IoT device fails to access the network during the random access process due to sending the first message using the resource selected in the current inventory round, it can continue to reselect resources to re-access, i.e., continue to re-randomly access the network in the next inventory round. Since the random numbers generated by the same A-IoT device at different times are largely different, the target transmission resource for the first message determined by the same A-IoT device in different inventory rounds will be largely different. This reduces the possibility that the same A-IoT device will select the same resource to transmit the first message in different inventory rounds, and makes the A-IoT device select different resources to transmit the first signal as much as possible in different inventory rounds. This reduces the possibility that the A-IoT device will always have a conflict on the same transmission resource for the first message, or that the channel state of the previous frequency domain position will be poor and fall into the same frequency domain position in the next, thus improving the success rate of the first message transmission and thereby improving the success rate of random access.

[0087] Furthermore, since different A-IoT devices have different identifiers, the target transmission resources selected by each device for sending the first message will differ based on its identifier. This avoids conflicts between target transmission resources chosen by different A-IoT devices for transmitting the first message, improving the success rate of first message transmission and thus increasing the success rate of random access. Additionally, due to factors such as network status and location, different A-IoT devices receive the first signaling differently, resulting in significantly different time information related to the reception of the first signaling for each device. This reduces the likelihood of different A-IoT devices selecting the same resource for transmitting the first message, further reducing conflicts between target transmission resources chosen by different A-IoT devices for transmitting the first message, improving the success rate of first message transmission, and thus increasing the success rate of random access. Furthermore, the first signaling is sent in different inventory rounds. The time of sending the first signaling is different in different inventory rounds, and the time information related to the reception of the first signaling is also different. Therefore, the target transmission resource for the first message determined by the A-IoT device in different inventory rounds can be different. This reduces the possibility that the same A-IoT device will select the same resource for transmitting the first message in different inventory rounds. This allows the A-IoT device to select different resources to transmit the first signal in different inventory rounds as much as possible. This reduces the conflict that the A-IoT device always has on the same transmission resource for the first message, improves the success rate of the first message transmission, and thus improves the success rate of random access.

[0088] In some embodiments, index information is carried in the first signaling, and the index information is used to indicate the sending index of the first signaling or to indicate the round index of the first A-IoT device sending the first message.

[0089] In addition to indicating a set of candidate transmission resources, the first signaling can also carry index information. This index information can be used to indicate the sending index of the first signaling (which could be the round index of sending the first signaling) or the round index of sending the first message by the first A-IoT device (i.e., the sending round of the first message). For example, the index information can be the first signaling index, or the inventory round index, etc. In the case of the first signaling being a paging signaling (i.e., the zeroth message Msg0), the index information can be the paging round index, or it can be any index name other than the first signaling index, inventory round index, or paging round index, the purpose of which is to indicate an index. It should be understood that for the first signaling index, a first signaling index can be generated for each first signaling sent, indicating the sending round of the first signaling, that is, which first signaling is sent by the first node. At this time, the first signaling index in different first signalings is different. Each first signaling message generates a first signaling message index, indicating the inventory round. One first signaling message cannot guarantee that all A-IoT devices will complete one round of inventory. Therefore, multiple first signaling messages need to be sent until a certain number of A-IoT devices successfully respond to the first signaling message. At this time, the first signaling message indexes in different first signaling messages can be the same or different.

[0090] It should be noted that the first signaling sent in different rounds may indicate the same or different set of candidate transmission resources (all different or partially different). For example, the time domain location of the candidate transmission resources may be determined relative to each first signaling, and the time domain resource locations may be completely different, while the frequency domain resource locations may be the same or different.

[0091] In this implementation, index information can be carried in the first signaling. After receiving the first signaling, the A-IoT device can use the index information to select a transmission resource from a set of candidate transmission resources indicated by the first signaling to send the first message. Since the first signaling is sent in different inventory rounds, and the index information can be different in each round, the target transmission resource for the first message determined by the A-IoT device in different inventory rounds can be different. This reduces the possibility of the A-IoT device selecting the same resource for transmitting the first message in different rounds, allowing it to select different resources as much as possible. This reduces the likelihood of the A-IoT device selecting the same resource for transmitting the first message in different rounds, thus improving the success rate of first message transmission and consequently increasing the success rate of random access.

[0092] In some embodiments, a first target resource is selected from a set of candidate transmission resources based on target information and a first rule, including at least one of the following:

[0093] A first resource index is determined based on at least one of the numbering and index information; a second transmission resource corresponding to the first resource index is selected from a set of candidate transmission resources;

[0094] Determine a first time index based on the time index of the reference location; determine a second resource index based on the first time index; select a third transmission resource corresponding to the second resource index from a set of candidate transmission resources;

[0095] Based on the first resource index or the second resource index, a first transmission resource set is determined from a set of candidate transmission resources; a fourth transmission resource is randomly selected from the first transmission resource set, wherein the first resource index is an index determined based on at least one of the number and index information, the second resource index is an index determined based on the first time index, and the first time index is an index determined based on the time index of the reference position;

[0096] Based on a randomly selected third resource index, a second set of transmission resources is determined from a set of candidate transmission resources; based on either the first or second resource index, a fifth transmission resource is selected from the second set of transmission resources.

[0097] The reference location includes the start or end time of receiving the first signaling.

[0098] The third resource index is either a time-domain resource index or a frequency-domain resource index.

[0099] The first target resource may include at least one of the second, third, fourth, and fifth transmission resources. Furthermore, it should be understood that the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth transmission resources are each a single resource.

[0100] It should be noted that the indexes of resources in a set of candidate transmission resources can be numbered together (or jointly) in the time and frequency domains, meaning one resource corresponds to one time-frequency resource index. Alternatively, the indexes of resources in a set of candidate transmission resources can be numbered independently in the time and frequency domains, meaning one resource can correspond to two indices: a time-domain resource index and a frequency-domain resource index. A resource is determined by its corresponding time-domain resource index and frequency-domain resource index. In the method of selecting the second and third transmission resources in the embodiments of this disclosure, the indexes of resources in a set of candidate transmission resources can be time-frequency resource indexes, or can include both time-domain and frequency-domain resource indexes. The first resource index can be a first time-frequency resource index, or can include both a first time-domain resource index and a first frequency-domain resource index. The second resource index can be a second time-frequency resource index, or can include both a second time-domain resource index and a second frequency-domain resource index.

[0101] In this embodiment, the method of determining the first set of transmission resources from a set of candidate transmission resources based on the first resource index or the second resource index can be that the indexes of the resources in the set of candidate transmission resources are independently numbered according to the time domain and the frequency domain, that is, a resource can correspond to two indices, namely the time domain resource index and the frequency domain resource index. A resource is determined by its corresponding time domain resource index and frequency domain resource index. For example, a set of candidate transmission resources can be arranged according to the time domain dimension and the frequency domain dimension to form a two-dimensional resource matrix. The same time domain resource index can correspond to one resource or multiple frequency domain resources, and the same frequency domain resource index can correspond to one resource or multiple time domain resources. As an example, the first transmission resource set may include: one or more frequency domain transmission resources at the time domain resource location corresponding to the first time domain resource index in the first resource index or the second time domain resource index in the second resource index among a set of candidate transmission resources (the time domain index of the resources in the first transmission resource set is the first time domain resource index or the second time domain resource index); or the first transmission resource set may include one or more time domain transmission resources at the frequency domain resource location corresponding to the first frequency domain resource index in the first resource index or the second frequency domain resource index in the second resource index among a set of candidate transmission resources (the frequency domain index of the resources in the first transmission resource set is the first frequency domain resource index or the second frequency domain resource index).

[0102] Additionally, during the selection of the fifth transmission resource, a resource index, namely the third resource index, can be randomly selected first. The third resource index can be a time-domain resource index (third time-domain resource index) or a frequency-domain resource index (third frequency-domain resource index). As an example, the second transmission resource set may include one or more frequency-domain resources at the time-domain resource position corresponding to the randomly selected third time-domain resource index from a set of candidate transmission resources (the time-domain index of the resources in the second transmission resource set is the third resource index), or the second transmission resource set may include one or more time-domain resources at the time-domain resource position corresponding to the randomly selected third frequency-domain resource index from a set of candidate transmission resources (the frequency-domain index of the resources in the second transmission resource set is the third resource index). It should be understood that the time-domain resource index of the fifth transmission resource is the randomly selected third time-domain resource index, and the frequency-domain resource index of the fifth transmission resource is the first frequency-domain resource index in the first resource index or the second frequency-domain resource index in the second resource index; or, the frequency-domain resource index of the fifth transmission resource is the randomly selected third frequency-domain resource index, and the time-domain resource index of the fifth transmission resource is the first time-domain resource index in the first resource index or the second time-domain resource index in the second resource index.

[0103] In this embodiment, there are multiple ways to select the first target resource, and any of the above methods can be used to select the resource, thereby improving the flexibility of resource selection.

[0104] In some embodiments, the rule for randomly selecting the first transmission resource includes at least one of the following:

[0105] The first transmission resource selected for each inventory round is different. The inventory round is either the round in which the first signaling is sent or the round in which the first A-IoT device responds to the first signaling.

[0106] The first transmission resource selected within the same time window remains unchanged, and the first transmission resource selected in different time windows is different. Among them, the start time of the latter time window in two adjacent time windows is the end time of the former time window, and the start time of the first time window is the end time of receiving the first signaling.

[0107] The first transmission resource selected in each inventory round remains unchanged, and the first transmission resource selected in two adjacent inventory rounds is different. The number of inventory rounds in each inventory round is N, where N is an integer greater than 1.

[0108] It should be understood that the round in which the first A-IoT device responds to the first signaling can also be understood as the round in which the first A-IoT device sends the first message in response to the first signaling. In this embodiment, resources are randomly selected according to corresponding rules. For example, it is ensured that the first transmission resource randomly selected in each inventory round is different, avoiding the A-IoT device always selecting the same resource, thereby avoiding conflicts that always occur on the same resource.

[0109] Alternatively, the first transmission resource selected within a time window may remain unchanged, but the first transmission resource selected in different time windows may differ. For example, in the first time window after the end time of receiving the first signaling, the resource with time-frequency domain resource index 1 is selected as the first transmission resource in each inventory round. In the second time window, the resource with time-frequency domain resource index 2 is selected as the first transmission resource in each inventory round, which is different from the resource with time-frequency domain resource index 1 in the first time window. In the third time window, the resource with time-frequency domain resource index 0 is selected as the first transmission resource in each inventory round, which is different from the resource with time-frequency domain resource index 2 in the second time window, and so on.

[0110] Alternatively, the first transmission resource selected can remain unchanged within every N inventory rounds, but the first transmission resource selected in the first N inventory rounds can be different from that in the last N inventory rounds. For example, in the first to the Nth inventory rounds, the resource with a time-frequency domain resource index of 1 can be selected as the first transmission resource, and in the (N+1)th to the 2Nth inventory rounds, the resource with a time-frequency domain resource index of 0 can be selected as the first transmission resource.

[0111] In this embodiment, the rule for randomly selecting the first transmission resource may include at least one of the three rules mentioned above, and any of these rules can be used to select the first transmission resource, thereby improving the flexibility of resource selection.

[0112] In some embodiments, a first resource index is determined based on at least one of the serial number and index information of the first A-IoT device, including at least one of the following:

[0113] Based on the modulo function, calculate the remainder of the number with respect to the number of candidate resources to obtain the first resource index;

[0114] Based on the modulo function, the remainder of the first product with respect to the number of candidate resources is calculated to obtain the first resource index. The first product is the product between the number and the index information.

[0115] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the application, when calculating the time-domain resource index, the number of candidate resources used is the number of time-domain resources; when calculating the frequency-domain resource index, the number of candidate resources used is the number of frequency-domain resources; and when calculating the time-frequency resource index, the number of candidate resources used is the total number of resources (time-frequency domain resources / time-frequency resources), which is the product of the number of time-domain resources and the number of frequency-domain resources. For example, the remainder of the number divided by the number of time-domain resources is calculated to obtain the first time-domain resource index in the first resource index, and the remainder of the number divided by the number of frequency-domain resources is calculated to obtain the first frequency-domain resource index in the first resource index. The second transmission resource is determined based on the first time-domain resource index and the first frequency-domain resource index. As another example, the remainder of the number divided by the number of time-frequency domain resources is calculated to obtain the first time-frequency resource index in the first resource index, and the second transmission resource is determined based on the first time-frequency domain resource index. For example, the remainder of the first product divided by the number of time-domain resources is used to obtain the first time-domain resource index in the first resource index; the remainder of the first product divided by the number of frequency-domain resources is used to obtain the first frequency-domain resource index in the first resource index; and the second transmission resource is determined based on the first time-domain resource index and the first frequency-domain resource index. Alternatively, the remainder of the first product divided by the number of time-frequency domain resources is used to obtain the first time-frequency resource index in the first resource index; and the second transmission resource is determined based on the first time-frequency domain resource index.

[0116] In this embodiment, the first resource index can be obtained by taking the remainder of the candidate resource number, or by taking the remainder of the candidate resource number using the first product. In other words, the first resource index can be determined by using either of the above two methods, thereby improving the flexibility of determining the first resource index.

[0117] In some embodiments, determining a second resource index based on a first time index includes at least one of the following:

[0118] The first value is obtained by summing the number and the first time index; the second resource index is obtained by calculating the remainder of the first value with respect to the number of candidate resources according to the remainder function.

[0119] Multiply the number by the first time index to obtain the second value; calculate the remainder of the second value with respect to the number of candidate resources using the remainder function to obtain the second resource index.

[0120] For example, the remainder of the first value divided by the number of time-domain resources is used to obtain the second time-domain resource index within the second resource index. Similarly, the remainder of the first value divided by the number of frequency-domain resources is used to obtain the second frequency-domain resource index within the second resource index. The third transmission resource is then determined based on the combined results of the second time-domain and second frequency-domain resource indices. Another example is calculating the remainder of the first value divided by the number of time-frequency domain resources to obtain the second time-frequency resource index within the second resource index. The third transmission resource is then determined based on the second time-frequency domain resource index.

[0121] For example, the remainder of the second value divided by the number of time-domain resources is calculated to obtain the second time-domain resource index within the second resource index. The remainder of the second value divided by the number of frequency-domain resources is also calculated to obtain the second frequency-domain resource index within the second resource index. The third transmission resource is then determined based on the combined results of the second time-domain and second frequency-domain resource indices. Alternatively, the remainder of the second value divided by the number of time-frequency domain resources is calculated to obtain the second time-frequency resource index within the second resource index. The third transmission resource is then determined based on the second time-frequency domain resource index.

[0122] In this embodiment, the second resource index can be obtained by taking the remainder of the first value with respect to the number of candidate resources, or by taking the remainder of the second value with respect to the number of candidate resources. In other words, the second resource index can be determined by either of the two methods, thereby improving the flexibility of determining the second resource index.

[0123] In some embodiments, the time index includes at least one of the following:

[0124] Frame index;

[0125] Subframe index;

[0126] Time slot index;

[0127] Symbol index;

[0128] Chip index.

[0129] In some embodiments, determining a first time index based on a time index of a reference location includes:

[0130] If the time index of the reference location includes an index, the time index of the reference location shall be determined as the first time index;

[0131] If the time index at the reference location includes at least two indices, the first time index is calculated based on the at least two indices.

[0132] In other words, when there are at least two time indices at the reference location, these at least two indices must be considered during the calculation of the first time index to improve the rationality of the calculated first time index. For example, as an example, the time index of the reference location includes the symbol index and the chip index, and the first time index can be calculated by M(symbol index - 1) + chip index.

[0133] In some embodiments, the first resource index includes a first time-domain resource index and a first frequency-domain resource index, then the time-domain index (time-domain resource index) of the second transmission resource is the first time-domain resource index, and the frequency-domain index (frequency-domain resource index) of the second transmission resource is the first frequency-domain resource index; or the first resource index includes a first time-frequency resource index.

[0134] The second resource index includes a second time-domain resource index and a second frequency-domain resource index; the time-domain index of the third transmission resource is the second time-domain resource index; and the frequency-domain index of the third transmission resource is the second frequency-domain resource index; or the second resource index includes a second time-frequency resource index.

[0135] The time domain index of the fifth transmission resource is the third resource index, and the frequency domain index of the fifth transmission resource is the first frequency domain resource index or the second frequency domain resource index; or, the frequency domain index of the fifth transmission resource is the third resource index, and the time domain index of the fifth transmission resource is the first time domain resource index or the second time domain resource index.

[0136] The number of candidate resources includes the number of time-domain resources and the number of frequency-domain resources in a set of candidate transmission resources, or the total number of resources in a set of candidate transmission resources, wherein the total number of resources is the product of the number of time-domain resources and the number of frequency-domain resources.

[0137] In some embodiments, before selecting a target transmission resource from a set of candidate transmission resources for the first A-IoT device to send the first message, at least one of the following is further included:

[0138] Sort a set of candidate transport resources and determine the index of the resources in the set of candidate transport resources;

[0139] Based on the capabilities of the first A-IoT device, a set of candidate transmission resources is updated; the updated set of candidate transmission resources is sorted, and the index of the resources in the updated set of candidate transmission resources is determined.

[0140] Each A-IoT device has different capabilities. If the capabilities of an A-IoT device are insufficient to support the transmission of the first message across all resources in a set of candidate transmission resources, the first message transmission may fail, leading to random access failure. To reduce the risk of first message transmission failure, before selecting the target transmission resource for the first A-IoT device to send the first message from a set of candidate transmission resources, resources outside the capabilities of the first A-IoT device can be excluded to update the set of candidate transmission resources. The updated set of candidate transmission resources can then be sorted and re-indexed. It should be noted that in the embodiments of this disclosure, if a set of candidate transmission resources is updated, all subsequent uses of that set of candidate transmission resources will utilize the updated set. As an example, the aforementioned capabilities may include, but are not limited to, at least one of frequency shift capabilities and power consumption capabilities.

[0141] In this embodiment of the disclosure, to avoid the failure of sending the first message due to the selected target transmission resource being outside the capability range of the first A-IoT device, thereby causing random access failure, a set of candidate transmission resources can be updated according to the capability of the first A-IoT device. This update ensures that the resources in the updated set of candidate transmission resources are within the capability range of the first A-IoT device, that is, they match the capability of the first A-IoT device. In this way, resources can be selected from the updated set of candidate transmission resources to send the first message, improving the success rate of the first message and thus increasing the success rate of random access.

[0142] In some embodiments, after selecting a target transmission resource for the first A-IoT device to send the first message from a set of candidate transmission resources, the method further includes at least one of the following:

[0143] Send the first message on the target transmission resource;

[0144] Based on a first probability of sending a first message on the target transmission resource, determine whether to send the first message on the target transmission resource.

[0145] In this embodiment, after determining the target transmission resource, a first message can be sent directly on the target transmission resource to perform random access. For example, in one example, the first message can be sent to the first node that sent the first signaling, or it can be sent to a second node (distinct from the first node) in the environmental IoT. The node that the A-IoT device wants to randomly access can be the second node, and the reading device can be set on the second node, or be the second node.

[0146] Furthermore, the first node can serve multiple A-IoT devices, all of which can randomly access the network. However, resources are limited, and multiple A-IoT devices sending the first message for random access can easily lead to resource conflicts. A first probability (a value greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1) can be determined for each A-IoT device in a set of candidate transmission resources. The higher the first probability, the greater the probability of sending the first message, and vice versa. Thus, the first A-IoT device can determine whether to send the first message on the target transmission resource based on the first probability. In other words, it chooses to send or not send the first message based on the first probability. This way, each A-IoT device among the multiple A-IoT devices has the possibility of sending the first message on its chosen target transmission resource, or it may not send the first message. This reduces the number of A-IoT devices sending the first message for random access, thus reducing the number of A-IoT devices competing for access resources in a single round of inventory checks, thereby reducing resource collisions.

[0147] In some embodiments, after selecting a target transmission resource from a set of candidate transmission resources for the first A-IoT device to send the first message, the method further includes:

[0148] A first random number is randomly generated within the range of a first preset value to a second preset value, where the second preset value is greater than the first preset value.

[0149] If the first random number is a third preset value, send the first message on the target transmission resource.

[0150] It should be understood that the first, second, and third preset values ​​can be predefined by the protocol, indicated by the first signaling, or a subset of the first, second, and third preset values ​​can be predefined by the protocol while the remainder is indicated by the first signaling. For example, they can be configured in the first signaling, meaning the first signaling can carry the first, second, and third preset values. Another example is that the protocol defines the first and third preset values, and the first signaling indicates the second preset value. It should be noted that the first, second, and third preset values ​​are all greater than or equal to 0. For instance, as an example, the first preset value can be 0, the second preset value can be K (which can be a positive integer), and the third preset value can be 0. That is, the first message is only sent on the target transmission resource when the first random number generated in the range [0, K] is 0. Since different A-IoT devices may select the same target transmission resource, this can easily lead to resource conflicts. It is understood that A-IoT devices with the same target transmission resource can be divided into the same group. A-IoT devices in the same group compete for the same target transmission resource to send the first message. In this implementation, after the A-IoT device determines the corresponding target transmission resource, the A-IoT device can generate a first random number. If the first random number is a third preset value, it means that the A-IoT device has successfully competed for the resource and sends the first message on the target transmission resource, thereby improving the success rate of sending the first message.

[0151] In some embodiments, before determining whether to send the first message on the target transmission resource based on a first probability of sending the first message on the target transmission resource, the method further includes:

[0152] Determine the first probability that the first A-IoT device will send the first message on each of a set of candidate transmission resources;

[0153] In this context, the probability of sending the first message on each resource in a set of candidate transmission resources is the same, or...

[0154] The resource with the larger the interval between it and the third time domain resource in a set of candidate transmission resources has a higher first probability. The third time domain resource is the time domain resource for receiving the first signaling. And / or, the resource with the larger offset relative to the center frequency point in a set of candidate transmission resources has a higher first probability. The center frequency point is the center frequency point of a set of candidate transmission resources.

[0155] In a set of candidate transmission resources, the probability of sending the first message on each resource is the same, that is, the probability of sending on each resource is the same. This can avoid the high probability of sending being concentrated on a few resources, which would make it easy to cause conflicts on these resources.

[0156] Furthermore, considering the varying spectrum shifting capabilities and remaining battery life of A-IoT devices, for example, most devices can use frequency domain locations with smaller frequency shifts as candidate resources. As the frequency shift increases, the requirements for device capabilities increase, and the number of devices that can serve as candidate resources decreases. Similarly, most devices can use time domain locations with lower latency as candidate resources. As the latency increases, the requirements for device battery life increase, and the number of devices that can serve as candidate resources decreases. Therefore, the probability of an A-IoT device transmitting on frequency domain resources increases with the frequency shift of the transmission resource relative to the center frequency point, and the probability of an A-IoT device transmitting on time domain resources increases with the increase of the latency between the transmission resource and the time domain resource receiving the first signaling.

[0157] Additionally, it should be noted that the first probability of sending the first message on each resource in a set of candidate transmission resources can be predefined by the protocol or indicated by the first signaling.

[0158] In some embodiments, the first signaling also carries an access delay;

[0159] After sending the first message on the target transmission resource, the process also includes:

[0160] Within the range of the fourth preset value to the access delay, the third value is randomly selected;

[0161] The first signaling sent by the first node is not received during the first time period, wherein the first time period is the third time domain unit or the time period with a duration of the third value after the first time point, and the first time point is the end time of the current inventory round.

[0162] It should be understood that the fourth preset value can be predefined by the protocol or indicated by the first signaling. The fourth preset value is greater than or equal to 0. For example, as an example, the fourth preset value can be 0, and the access latency can be greater than 0. Alternatively, as an example, a third value can be randomly generated within the range of the fourth preset value to the access latency based on a random generation function. As an example, the first A-IoT device may enter a sleep state during the first time period to reduce power consumption, or it may be charging to provide more power for subsequent processes.

[0163] In other words, after an A-IoT device sends the first message in the current inventory round, it can wait for a first time interval before receiving the next first signaling message and proceeding to the next round of inventory access. In this way, the A-IoT device may miss the first signaling message sent by the first node within the first time interval, which means it may miss the next inventory access triggered by the first node. This can reduce the number of A-IoT devices participating in the next round of inventory access and reduce random access resource conflicts.

[0164] In some embodiments, the current inventory round has a detection window for the second message. The end time of the current inventory round is the end position of the last detection window of the second message in the current inventory round, or the end time of the current inventory round is the end position of the negative acknowledgment (NACK) feedback signaling or re-access indication signaling received after the first A-IoT device receives the second message (Msg2) and sends the third message (Msg3). The second message is the response message corresponding to the first message.

[0165] It should be understood that the aforementioned detection window can be one or more. If there is only one, the last detection window of the second message is that single detection window. If there are multiple detection windows, the last detection window is the one with the latest time among the multiple detection windows. It should be noted that if the first A-IoT device can send the first message to the first node, then the second message can be sent by the first node or a third message to the first node; similarly, if the first A-IoT device can send the first message to the second node, then the second message can be sent by the second node or a third message to the second node.

[0166] Additionally, it is understandable that if the first A-IoT device fails to send the third message, it can receive a NACK feedback signaling or a re-access indication signaling. For example, if the first A-IoT device sends a third message to the first node and the third message fails to be sent, the first node cannot successfully receive the third message. The first node can return a NACK feedback signaling or a re-access indication signaling. After receiving the NACK feedback signaling or the re-access indication signaling, the first A-IoT device can refrain from receiving the first signaling sent by the first node for a period of three time units or a time period of three values ​​after the end position of receiving the NACK feedback signaling or the re-access indication signaling.

[0167] In some embodiments, the first signaling also carries an access delay;

[0168] After selecting the target transmission resource for the first A-IoT device to send the first message from a set of candidate transmission resources, the following is also included:

[0169] The first message is not sent during the second time period, wherein the second time period is the fourth time domain unit or the time period with a duration of the fourth value after the second time point, the second time point is the end time of receiving the first signaling, and the fourth value is a value randomly selected within the range of the fifth preset value to the access delay.

[0170] In other words, the first message is not sent within the fourth time-domain unit or time period of the fourth value after the end time of receiving the first signaling. That is, after the A-IoT device determines the target transmission resource in the current inventory round, it can remain silent for a second time period. If the end time of the second time period is before the end position of the time domain of a set of candidate resources, it can participate in this round of inventory access on the remaining candidate transmission resources. If the end time of the second time period is after the end position of the time domain of a set of candidate resources, it will not participate in this round of inventory access and will wait for the first node to trigger the first signaling for the next round of inventory access. For example, the first A-IoT device can enter a sleep state during the second time period to reduce power consumption and may also charge to provide more power for subsequent processes. For example, the fourth value can be a random value generated by a random number generation function within the range of the fifth preset value to the access delay. It should be understood that the fifth preset value can be predefined by the protocol or indicated by the first signaling. The fifth preset value is greater than or equal to 0. For example, the fifth preset value can be 0.

[0171] In some embodiments, the method further includes: randomly selecting a fifth value within a range from a fifth preset value to the access delay;

[0172] Before selecting a target transmission resource for the first A-IoT device to send the first message from a set of candidate transmission resources, the method includes: excluding resources in the set of candidate transmission resources that are located in a third time period to update the set of candidate transmission resources, wherein the third time period is the fifth time domain unit or the time period with a duration of the fifth value after the second time point, and the second time point is the end time of receiving the first signaling.

[0173] In this embodiment, the first A-IoT device can remain silent during the third time period, meaning resources within that time period are unusable. Therefore, before determining the target transmission resource, resources within the third time period can be excluded from a set of candidate transmission resources to update the set of candidate transmission resources. Subsequently, the updated set of candidate transmission resources can be sorted and re-indexed. It should be noted that in all embodiments of this disclosure, if a set of candidate transmission resources is updated, subsequent uses of that set of candidate transmission resources will utilize the updated set. Furthermore, it should be noted that embodiments of this disclosure can also update a set of candidate transmission resources based on the capabilities of the first A-IoT device. This can be done by first updating the set of candidate transmission resources based on the capabilities of the first A-IoT device, and then further excluding resources within the third time period; or by first excluding resources within the third time period, updating the set of candidate transmission resources, and then further updating them based on the capabilities of the A-IoT device.

[0174] Please refer to Figure 4, which is a flowchart of a resource determination method provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Applied to the first node, as shown in Figure 4, it includes the following steps:

[0175] Step 401: Send a first signaling to at least one A-IoT device, wherein the at least one A-IoT device includes a first A-IoT device;

[0176] The first signaling is used to indicate a set of candidate transmission resources for the first message during the random access process, and the set of candidate transmission resources is used to select the target transmission resource for sending the first message.

[0177] The first node can send the first signaling to the A-IoT devices it serves, and at least one A-IoT device can be a device among the A-IoT devices served by the first node. The first node can broadcast or multicast the first signaling.

[0178] In some embodiments, after sending the first signaling to at least one A-IoT device, the method further includes:

[0179] Receive a first message sent by the first A-IoT device on the target transmission resource selected by the first A-IoT device;

[0180] Send a second message to the first A-IoT device.

[0181] In some embodiments, after sending the second message to the first A-IoT device, the method further includes:

[0182] If no third message corresponding to the second message is received within a preset time period after the second message is sent, a NACK feedback signaling or a re-access indication signaling is sent to the first A-IoT device.

[0183] The process of the above method will be specifically described below with some specific embodiments.

[0184] The overall approach to resource determination in this implementation is as follows:

[0185] 1. The A-IoT device receives the first signaling, which indicates a set of candidate transmission resources for Msg1. The A-IoT device then determines the target transmission resource for sending Msg1.

[0186] The first signaling can be R2D signaling carried on the PRDCH channel, such as Paging signaling or Msg0; the first signaling is sent by the first node, which includes the base station and / or UE, etc.

[0187] The first signaling also includes at least one piece of information:

[0188] Index information is used to instruct A-IoT devices to send Msg1 round indexes. The index information can be the first signaling index, the inventory round index, or the paging round index.

[0189] Access latency T.

[0190] A-IoT devices can determine target transmission resources based on at least one of the following methods (predefined rules may include at least one of random selection rules and a first rule):

[0191] Method 1: Select resources according to random selection rules;

[0192] Method 2: Select resources based on the first rule;

[0193] Method 1: The A-IoT device randomly selects one resource from a set of candidate transmission resources as the target transmission resource.

[0194] The random selection of resources follows one of the following rules:

[0195] The resources selected randomly vary in each inventory round.

[0196] The resources randomly selected within a time window remain unchanged, while the resources randomly selected in different time windows are different;

[0197] The resources randomly selected within each N inventory count round remain the same, but the resources randomly selected in consecutive N inventory count rounds are different.

[0198] Method 2: The A-IoT device determines the target transmission resource according to the first rule:

[0199] The first rule must include at least one of the following functions: a random number generation function, or a mod function;

[0200] Determining the target transmission resource requires at least one of the following parameters: device number, random number, index information, and time information. The device number is the RN16 generated by the A-IoT device in the current inventory round or the EPC number of the A-IoT device. The index information can be the first signaling index or the index of the current inventory round. The parameters can be indicated by the first node through the first signaling and / or the second signaling.

[0201] The first rule includes at least one of the following:

[0202] Rule 1: The resource index must be determined at least based on the device number.

[0203] The resource index is determined by the device number modulo the number of candidate resources;

[0204] The resource index is determined by device number * index information modulo the number of candidate resources.

[0205] Rule 2: Determine the resource index based on the first-time index:

[0206] The first time index is determined based on the time index of the reference location;

[0207] The time index must contain at least one of the following: frame index, subframe index, time slot index, symbol index, or chip index;

[0208] The reference position can be the start or end position for receiving the first signaling.

[0209] Rule 3: Determine the first set of transmission resources, and randomly select a resource index from the first set of transmission resources:

[0210] The first set of transport resources can be determined in at least one of the following ways:

[0211] A time-domain index is determined, and the first transmission resource set includes all frequency-domain candidate resources corresponding to the time-domain index. The time-domain index can be determined by rule 1 or rule 2 above, etc.

[0212] A frequency domain index is determined, and the first transmission resource set includes all time domain candidate resources corresponding to the frequency domain index, wherein the frequency domain index is determined by rule 1 or rule 2 above, etc.

[0213] The number of candidate resources in the above rules includes at least one of the number of candidate resources in the time domain, the number of candidate resources in the frequency domain, and the number of candidate resources in the time-frequency domain. The resource index includes at least one of the time domain index, the frequency domain index, and the time-frequency domain index.

[0214] The target transmission resource is determined by the resource index mentioned above:

[0215] The resource index is a time-domain index and a frequency-domain index. When the time-domain index is determined, the number of candidate resources is the number of time-domain candidate resources; when the frequency-domain index is determined, the number of candidate resources is the number of frequency-domain candidate resources; when the resource index is a time-frequency domain index, the number of candidate resources is the number of time-frequency domain resources (i.e., the total number of resources).

[0216] The rules for determining the time-domain index and the frequency-domain index can be the same or different;

[0217] The number of time-domain candidate resources is the location of all time-domain candidate transmission resources configured in the first signaling, or the available time-domain transmission opportunities determined by the device based on the remaining power.

[0218] In some embodiments, when the time domain candidate index set is all transmission opportunities, if the determined time domain location exceeds the transmission range of the device's remaining power, the device re-determines a time domain location and repeats the selection until a time domain location within the transmission capacity of the remaining power is determined.

[0219] The number of frequency domain candidate resources is the location of all frequency domain candidate transmission resources configured in the first signaling, or it is determined by the device's frequency shift capability.

[0220] The resource index is the candidate resource index (i.e., the time-frequency resource index). When determining the candidate resource index, the number of candidate resources is the number of time-frequency domain candidate resources.

[0221] 2. The A-IoT device sends a Msg1 message on the target transmission resource:

[0222] In some embodiments, the A-IoT device determines whether to send or not send the Msg1 message on the target transmission resource according to a first probability, wherein the first probability is determined by at least one of the following methods:

[0223] The first probability of sending a Msg1 message is the same on all candidate transport resources;

[0224] Alternatively, the greater the time-domain interval between the target transmission resource and the first signaling, the greater the first probability;

[0225] Alternatively, the greater the frequency shift of the target transmission resource relative to the center frequency point, the higher the probability of success.

[0226] 3. After sending the Msg1 message on the target transmission resource, the A-IoT device will not receive the first signaling message during the first time period:

[0227] The A-IoT device reads the access delay parameter T from the first signaling; where the access delay can be the number of time-domain units or the absolute time length;

[0228] The A-IoT device randomly selects a number t between 0 and T. The first time period is t time domain units after the first time point or a time period of duration t. The A-IoT device does not receive the first signaling during the first time period. The first time point is the end time of the current inventory round.

[0229] The end time of the current inventory round can be the end position of the last Msg2 detection window in the current inventory process; or, the end position of the current inventory round can be the end position of the A-IoT device receiving the Msg3 NACK feedback signaling or re-access indication signaling sent by the first node.

[0230] 4. Alternatively, the Msg1 message may not be sent during the second time period. The second time period is t time units after the second time point or a time period of duration t. The A-IoT device may not send the Msg1 message during the second time period. The second time point is the end time of receiving the first signaling.

[0231] A-IoT devices can enter a sleep state within t time units or a time period of t.

[0232] The following are several specific implementations to illustrate the above-mentioned scheme disclosed herein.

[0233] Example 1: An A-IoT device randomly selects one resource from a set of candidate transmission resources as the target transmission resource:

[0234] In this disclosure, the A-IoT device receives a first signaling message, which indicates a set of candidate transmission resources. The first signaling message can be R2D signaling sent by the reader to the A-IoT device, such as Paging signaling or Msg0. In Topo1, the first signaling message is sent by the base station; in Topo2, the first signaling message is sent by the relay node UE or the base station.

[0235] The A-IoT device sorts the candidate transmission resources according to certain rules, such as first determining the index of each candidate transmission resource from low to high frequency domain and then from early to late time domain. The sorting rules can be predefined by the protocol, and this disclosure does not limit the specific sorting rules. The A-IoT device generates a random number within the index range of this group of candidate transmission resources. For example, if the Paging signaling indicates that there are 4 transmission positions for frequency division multiplexing (FDM) and 3 candidate positions for time division multiplexing (TDM), then the Paging signaling indicates a total of 12 candidate transmission resources. The candidate resource indices are determined from index 0 to index 11 according to the rule of first frequency domain and then time domain. The A-IoT device randomly generates an integer random number in the range of 0 to 11, as shown in Figure 5. Then the A-IoT device takes the candidate transmission resource with candidate resource index 5 as the target transmission resource, that is, the second frequency domain position of the second time domain position.

[0236] Furthermore, multiple A-IoT devices may randomly select candidate resource index 5 as the resource for sending Msg1. This conflict among the devices on the candidate resource leads to Msg1 transmission failure. When A-IoT devices randomly select candidate resource indices for the target transmission resource in subsequent inventory rounds, they should strive to select alternative candidate resource indices. This disclosure does not limit the algorithm and implementation method for randomly selecting resource indices, but certain rules can be followed when designing the algorithm and implementation method. For example, ensuring that the random numbers generated in each inventory round are different results in different candidate resource indices. Alternatively, a random number can be used for a period of time (i.e., a time window), and different random numbers must be generated to select different candidate resources after the time window expires. Or, a random number can be used to select the Msg1 transmission resource in the first to Nth inventory rounds, and a different random number needs to be generated in the (N+1)th round to determine a new Msg1 transmission resource. This new Msg1 transmission resource can then be used for sending Msg1 in the (N+1)th to the 2Nth inventory rounds. In this implementation, A-IoT devices need to have a certain storage capacity, such as remembering the last generated random number or the range of random seeds used to generate random numbers, in order to ensure that different random numbers are generated in different inventory rounds.

[0237] Example 2: A-IoT device determines the index of candidate resource count:

[0238] In this disclosure, the determination of candidate resource indices can be divided into two methods: determining them separately in the time domain and frequency domain, or determining them uniformly in the time and frequency domains. If candidate resource indices are determined separately in the time and frequency domains, then when determining the target resource index, it is also necessary to independently determine the time domain index and the frequency domain index. If candidate resource indices are determined uniformly in the time and frequency domains, then when determining the target resource index, only a unique time and frequency domain resource index needs to be determined. This embodiment illustrates this with an example. Assume that the first signaling indicates that there are 5 transmission locations in the frequency domain FDM and 3 candidate locations in the time domain TDM.

[0239] The first scenario involves determining candidate resources and their indices separately in the time and frequency domains. Frequency domain candidate resources can be all FDM resource locations indicated by the first signaling, resulting in five candidate locations. These can be sorted according to certain rules, such as frequency domain locations ordered from low to high, corresponding to frequency domain indices 0 to 5, as shown in Device 1 in Figure 5. Alternatively, considering that A-IoT devices rely on limited spectrum shifting capabilities to transmit Msg1 messages via FDM, but each device has different spectrum shifting capabilities—some devices can shift to all frequency domain candidate locations, while others can only shift to some—this disclosure limits the frequency domain candidate resources to those that the A-IoT device can transmit based on its own spectrum shifting capabilities. For example, if an A-IoT device can only shift to three of the frequency domain FDM resource locations configured in the first signaling, these three candidate resources are sorted according to certain rules to determine frequency domain indices 0 to 2, as shown in Device 2 in Figure 5. Similarly, the time-domain candidate resources can be all TDM time-domain locations indicated by the first signaling, resulting in 3 candidate locations in the time domain. These are sorted according to certain rules (e.g., from earliest to latest) to determine time-domain indices 0 to 2, as shown in Device 1 in Figure 5. Alternatively, considering the limited power storage of A-IoT devices, the remaining power may not be sufficient to support the transmission of Msg1 from a distant time-domain location. To prevent the A-IoT device from running out of power before transmitting Msg1 on the finally determined target transmission resource, this disclosure can limit the time-domain candidate resources to include only the time-domain transmission resources determined by the A-IoT device based on its remaining power. Assuming that the current A-IoT device's power can only support the transmission of Msg1 in the first two time-domain locations, there are 2 candidate locations in the time domain, sorted according to certain rules to determine time-domain indices 0 to 1, as shown in Device 2 in Figure 5. The above-mentioned independent determination of time-domain and frequency-domain candidate resources and their indices is based on signaling configuration or device capabilities. For example, the frequency domain is determined based on the A-IoT device's capabilities, and the time domain is determined based on the first signaling configuration.

[0240] The second scenario: Candidate resources and their indices are determined uniformly in both the time and frequency domains. The method for determining candidate resources in both the time and frequency domains is the same as in the first scenario. However, when numbering candidate resources, the time and frequency domains need to be considered together to determine the candidate resource indices. For example, if the frequency domain determines three frequency domain locations based on the capabilities of the A-IoT device, and the time domain determines three time domain locations based on the first signaling configuration, then there are a total of nine candidate transmission resources. Following a certain rule, such as determining the candidate resource indices (index 0-8) in the order of frequency domain first and then time domain, as shown in Figure 6.

[0241] Alternatively, five frequency domain positions are determined based on the first signaling configuration, and three time domain positions are determined based on the first signaling configuration, resulting in a total of 15 candidate transmission resources. Candidate resource indices 0 to 14 are determined according to certain rules, such as frequency domain first and time domain second, as shown in Figure 7.

[0242] Example 3: An A-IoT device selects a resource as the target transmission resource from a set of candidate transmission resources based on predefined rules.

[0243] Based on Embodiment 2, when candidate resource indices in the time and frequency domains are determined independently, the target transmission resource also needs to have its time-domain index and frequency-domain index determined independently. The unique Msg1 transmission resource location is determined jointly by the time-domain index and frequency-domain index. The calculation methods for the time-domain index and frequency-domain index can be the same or different. Alternatively, when candidate resource indices are determined uniformly in the time and frequency domains, the target transmission resource only needs to be determined based on the time-frequency domain index. Any rule in this embodiment can be used for at least one of the aforementioned time-domain index, frequency-domain index, and time-frequency domain index. This embodiment calculates the resource index using the example of the five candidate locations indicated by the first signaling in the frequency domain and the three candidate locations indicated by the first signaling in the time domain.

[0244] The predefined rules disclosed herein may include at least one of the following:

[0245] Rule 1: The resource index must be determined at least based on the device number. The device number can be an RN16 sequence generated during random access or the EPC number of the A-IoT device itself. The A-IoT device determines the resource index by modulo the number of candidate resources using the device number. Assume the decimal value corresponding to the device number of the A-IoT device is 1234. In this embodiment, the candidate resource positions in the time and frequency domains can be determined independently, so the frequency domain index is 1234 mod 5 = 4, and the time domain index is 1234 mod 3 = 1. As shown in Figure 5 of Embodiment 2, the frequency domain index 4 is the fifth frequency domain position, and the time domain index 1 is the second time domain position. Therefore, the target transmission resource selected by the A-IoT device is the fifth frequency domain position at the second time domain position configured in the first signaling. Alternatively, in this embodiment, the time and frequency domain positions can be directly determined, and the time and frequency domain index is 1234 mod (3*5) = 4. The time-frequency domain indices are arranged in the order of frequency domain first and time domain second. As shown in Figure 7 of Example 2, index 4 corresponds to the fifth frequency domain position of the first time domain position, which is the target transmission resource position.

[0246] A-IoT devices can also determine the resource index based on the device number and the inventory round related function. If the first signaling has a signaling index, then the first signaling index is the inventory round; if the first signaling does not have a signaling index, a new field can be added to indicate the inventory round. The A-IoT device determines the resource index by multiplying the device number by the inventory round modulo the number of candidate resources. Assume the decimal value corresponding to the device number of the A-IoT device is 1234. In this embodiment, the time-frequency domain position is directly determined. When the A-IoT device with device number 1234 receives the first Paging signaling, the time-frequency domain index is calculated as (1234*1) mod(3*5) = 4. As shown in Figure 7 of Embodiment 2, index 4 corresponds to the fifth frequency domain position of the first time domain position, which is the target transmission resource position. The A-IoT device sends a Msg1 message at this resource position. However, due to various reasons, the A-IoT device failed to complete random access in the current inventory round. The A-IoT device receives the second paging signal and calculates the time-frequency domain index as (1234*2) mod (3*5) = 8. As shown in Figure 7 of Embodiment 2, index 8 corresponds to the fourth frequency domain position of the second time domain position, which is the target transmission resource position for the second inventory round. In the second inventory round, the resource position for the A-IoT device to transmit Msg1 is different from that in the first inventory round. This embodiment can also independently determine the candidate resource positions in the time and frequency domains using this method, which will not be elaborated further.

[0247] Rule 2: Determine the resource index based on the first time index and related functions. The first time index can be determined based on the start or end position of the received first signaling. This embodiment assumes the reference position is the end position of the received first signaling. The time index includes at least one of the following: frame index, subframe index, time slot index, symbol index, or chip index. The simplest time index requires only one time unit index, in which case the first time index is the time index of the reference position. For example, if the time index is the symbol index, and the end position of the Paing signaling falls on the 3rd symbol in a time slot, then both the time index and the first time index are 3. Considering that there are at most 14 symbols in a time slot, the time index has at most 14 candidate values. To allow for more time variations, the time index can include multiple time unit indices, such as symbol index and chip index. The first time index is calculated by N*(symbol index - 1) + chip index, where N is the number of chips contained in a symbol. This calculation method is only an example, and this disclosure does not limit the specific calculation function. The more time unit indices the time index contains, the more candidate values ​​of the first time index determined by the function calculation are available.

[0248] After determining the first time index, the resource index is calculated using relevant functions. For example, it can be determined by (device number + first time index) modulo the number of candidate resources, or by (device number * first time index) modulo the number of candidate resources. If the time-domain index and frequency-domain index are determined independently, the number of candidate resources is the same for both the time-domain and frequency-domain indexes, and the target transmission resource is determined by both. If the time-frequency domain index is determined directly, the number of candidate resources is the total number of candidate resources in the time-frequency domain, and the target transmission resource is determined by the time-frequency domain index.

[0249] Rule 3: Determine a first set of transmission resources, and randomly determine a resource index from the first set of transmission resources. In this embodiment, a time-domain index can be determined by Rule 1 or Rule 2. The A-IoT device randomly selects a resource from all frequency-domain candidate resources at the time-domain location corresponding to the time-domain index as the target transmission resource. The frequency-domain candidate resources can be all frequency-domain transmission locations configured by Paging signaling, or frequency-domain transmission locations determined according to the device's spectrum shifting capability.

[0250] Rule 4: Determine a second set of transmission resources, and then determine a resource index within that set. In this embodiment, by randomly selecting a time-domain index, the A-IoT device determines a frequency-domain resource as the target transmission resource from all frequency-domain candidate resources at the time-domain location corresponding to that index, based on either Rule 1 or Rule 2. The frequency-domain candidate resources can be any of the frequency-domain transmission locations configured by the Paging signaling, or frequency-domain transmission locations determined based on the device's spectrum shifting capabilities.

[0251] In this embodiment, a frequency domain index can also be determined by rule 1 or rule 2. The A-IoT device randomly selects one of the time domain candidate resources at the frequency domain position corresponding to the frequency domain index as the target transmission resource. The time domain candidate resources can be all time domain transmission positions configured by Paging signaling, or time domain transmission positions determined according to the remaining power of the device.

[0252] The method by which the A-IoT device randomly selects a resource from the first set of transmission resources is the same as in Embodiment 1. The difference is that in Embodiment 1, the resource is randomly selected from a set of candidate transmission resources, while in this embodiment, it is randomly selected from the first set of transmission resources. For example, the A-IoT device generates a random number within the index range of resources in the first set of transmission resources, and the target transmission resource is the candidate resource corresponding to that random number.

[0253] In some embodiments, in Examples 1 to 3, if the A-IoT device determines the time domain index, frequency domain index, or time-frequency domain index as candidate resource locations based on all time domain and / or frequency domain resource locations configured by paging signaling, and if the determined index is not within the range of the device's relocation capability or the device's remaining power transmission capacity, the A-IoT device can repeat the index determination rule until the generated index is within the range of the device's relocation capability or the device's remaining power transmission capacity, and the finally determined resource is the target transmission resource.

[0254] Example 4: An A-IoT device sends a Msg1 message on the target transmission resource:

[0255] After determining the target transmission resource based on Examples 1-3, the A-IoT device can directly send a Msg1 message on the target transmission resource. Alternatively, the A-IoT device can determine whether to send a Msg1 message based on the transmission probability (i.e., the first probability) on the target transmission resource. This embodiment does not limit how the transmission probability is used to determine whether to send. For example, the number 1 can represent sending, and the number 0 can represent not sending. The transmission probability can be substituted into a random function to generate one of the two numbers, 0 and 1, to determine whether the A-IoT device should send a Msg1 message on the target transmission resource.

[0256] In this embodiment, the transmission probability on all candidate resources configured by the first signaling can be the same, for example, 50%. This probability can be predefined by the protocol or indicated by the first signaling. Therefore, the probability of the A-IoT device on the target transmission resource is 50%.

[0257] Alternatively, considering the varying spectrum shifting capabilities and remaining battery life of A-IoT devices, most devices can use frequency domain locations with smaller frequency shifts as candidate resources. As frequency shift increases, the requirements for device capabilities increase, and the number of devices that can serve as candidate resources decreases. Similarly, most devices can use time domain locations with lower latency as candidate resources. As latency increases, the requirements for device power increase, and the number of devices that can serve as candidate resources decreases. Therefore, the probability of a device transmitting on frequency domain resources increases with the frequency shift of the Msg1 transmission resource relative to the center frequency point, and the probability of a device transmitting on time domain resources increases with the latency of the Msg1 transmission resource relative to the Paging signaling. In this case, the protocol predefines or indicates via the first signaling the transmission probability of the A-IoT device at the lowest frequency domain location at the earliest time domain location, for example, 50%. It is also possible to predefine or indicate via the first signaling the increasing transmission probability at time domain locations due to increasing latency and / or the increasing transmission probability at frequency domain locations due to increasing frequency. For example, each time domain location increases by 5% over time, and each frequency domain location increases by 10% with increasing frequency. The transmission probabilities on the 15 candidate transmission resources, determined by the three candidate positions in the time domain and the five candidate positions in the frequency domain, as indicated by the first signaling are shown in Figure 8.

[0258] By setting different transmission probabilities at different time-frequency domain locations, the number of transmitting devices in resource locations with lower equipment capability requirements is reduced, Msg1 resource collisions are avoided, the transmission probability of devices in resource locations with higher equipment capability requirements is guaranteed, and device access latency is reduced.

[0259] This embodiment sets the transmission probability of A-IoT devices on the candidate transmission resources of Msg1, so that only some A-IoT devices can send Msg1 messages in the current inventory round, thereby reducing the number of A-IoT devices competing for access and thus reducing the probability of Msg1 resource collision.

[0260] Example 5: The A-IoT device receives the next first signaling after a certain interval:

[0261] Based on embodiments 1-4, after an A-IoT device sends a Msg1 message on a target transmission resource, because the number of A-IoT devices receiving Paging signaling exceeds the number of candidate transmission resources configured in the Paging signaling, and other A-IoT devices identify the same target transmission resource, multiple Msg1 messages sent by A-IoT devices collide. The base station fails to demodulate the Msg1 message and therefore does not send Msg2 information to the A-IoT device. A single inventory round may have one or more Msg2 detection windows. If an A-IoT device has not received Msg2 information by the end of the last Msg2 detection window, the Msg1 message transmission is considered to have failed. This embodiment reduces the probability of Msg1 resource collisions by allowing the A-IoT device to remain silent for a period before receiving the first signaling to enter the next inventory access process, thus dispersing the time spent by the A-IoT device receiving the first signaling for inventory. For example, if an A-IoT device receives the first Paging signal but fails to receive the Msg2 information, it will not detect Paging signals for a period of time after the Msg2 detection window ends. During this period, the A-IoT device may miss the Paging signal triggered by the reader for the second round of inventory, reducing the number of devices participating in the second round of inventory and lowering the probability of collisions. After the quiet period, the A-IoT device receives the Paging signal triggered by the reader for the third round of judgment and participates in the third round of inventory.

[0262] Specifically, the first signaling includes an access delay T. This access delay can be the number of T time units, such as T subframes / slots / symbols / chips, or it can be an absolute time length, such as T milliseconds, or any other time length indication method. This disclosure does not impose any restrictions. Assuming the access delay is T milliseconds, the A-IoT device randomly selects a number t within the range of 0 to T. Within t milliseconds after the end of the last Msg2 detection window, the device does not receive the Paging signaling sent by the first node. After t milliseconds, it resumes detecting and receiving the Paging signaling and enters the next inventory process. The A-IoT device can enter a sleep state within t milliseconds to maintain low power consumption or perform charging, etc.

[0263] Alternatively, the A-IoT device may receive Msg2 from the first node, but the subsequent transmission of Msg3 fails, resulting in it receiving a Msg3 NACK feedback signaling or a re-access indication signaling from the first node. The start time of the access delay T can also be the end time of receiving this Msg3 NACK feedback signaling or re-access indication signaling.

[0264] In this embodiment, the A-IoT device may also remain silent for a period of time after receiving the Paging signaling and reading the access delay, starting from the end position of the Paging signaling, without sending Msg1 messages. If the end time of this period is before the end position of the candidate transmission resources for Msg1, the A-IoT device can still participate in this round of inventory on the remaining Msg1 transmission resources. Alternatively, if the end time of this period is after the end position of the transmission resources for Msg1, the A-IoT device will not participate in this round of inventory and will wait for the reader to send the Paging signaling that triggers the next round of inventory.

[0265] According to the method of this disclosure, an A-IoT device can receive a set of candidate transmission resources for Msg1 indicated by a base station or relay node UE. The A-IoT device randomly selects or selects one of the transmission resources based on certain rules to send the Msg1 information. The selection rule of the A-IoT device is at least based on a function operation on the device number. Further, the device may also determine the target transmission resource for sending Msg1 based on parameters such as the inventory round, random seed range, and time index, so as to ensure that the A-IoT device selects different Msg1 transmission resources each time to send Msg1, thereby avoiding conflicts caused by the A-IoT device always sending on the same Msg1 transmission resource. In addition, the A-IoT device can also send the Msg1 information on the selected target transmission resource with a certain transmission probability, reducing the probability of conflict between multiple devices selecting the same Msg1 transmission resource. Alternatively, after sending the Msg1 information in the current inventory round, the A-IoT device may perform random access after a certain interval to avoid access conflicts.

[0266] Please refer to Figure 9, which is a structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. The communication device can be a first AIoT device, as shown in Figure 9, including a memory 920, a transceiver 900, and a processor 910.

[0267] Memory is used to store computer programs; transceiver is used to send and receive data under the control of the processor; processor is used to read the computer programs from memory and perform the following operations:

[0268] Receive the first signaling sent by the first node, the first signaling being used to indicate a set of candidate transmission resources for the first message during the random access process;

[0269] Based on predefined rules, a target transmission resource is selected from a set of candidate transmission resources for the first A-IoT device to send the first message.

[0270] In some embodiments, the processor is configured to read a computer program from memory and execute at least one of the following:

[0271] Randomly select the first transmission resource from a set of candidate transmission resources;

[0272] Based on the target information and the first rule, a first target resource is selected from a set of candidate transmission resources; wherein the target information includes at least one of the following:

[0273] The first A-IoT device's serial number, index information, and time information.

[0274] In some embodiments, index information is carried in the first signaling, and the index information is used to indicate the sending index of the first signaling or to indicate the round index of the first A-IoT device sending the first message.

[0275] In some embodiments, the processor is configured to read a computer program from memory and execute at least one of the following:

[0276] A first resource index is determined based on at least one of the numbering and index information; a second transmission resource corresponding to the first resource index is selected from a set of candidate transmission resources;

[0277] Determine a first time index based on the time index of the reference location; determine a second resource index based on the first time index; select a third transmission resource corresponding to the second resource index from a set of candidate transmission resources;

[0278] Based on the first resource index or the second resource index, a first transmission resource set is determined from a set of candidate transmission resources; a fourth transmission resource is randomly selected from the first transmission resource set, wherein the first resource index is an index determined based on at least one of the number and index information, the second resource index is an index determined based on the first time index, and the first time index is an index determined based on the time index of the reference position;

[0279] Based on a randomly selected third resource index, a second set of transmission resources is determined from a set of candidate transmission resources; based on either the first or second resource index, a fifth transmission resource is selected from the second set of transmission resources.

[0280] The reference location includes the start or end time of receiving the first signaling.

[0281] In some embodiments, the rule for randomly selecting the first transmission resource includes at least one of the following:

[0282] The first transmission resource selected for each inventory round is different. The inventory round is either the round in which the first signaling is sent or the round in which the first A-IoT device responds to the first signaling.

[0283] The first transmission resource selected within the same time window remains unchanged, and the first transmission resource selected in different time windows is different. Among them, the start time of the latter time window in two adjacent time windows is the end time of the former time window, and the start time of the first time window is the end time of receiving the first signaling.

[0284] The first transmission resource selected in each inventory round remains unchanged, and the first transmission resource selected in two adjacent inventory rounds is different. The number of inventory rounds in each inventory round is N, where N is an integer greater than 1.

[0285] In some embodiments, the processor is configured to read a computer program from memory and execute at least one of the following:

[0286] Based on the modulo function, calculate the remainder of the number with respect to the number of candidate resources to obtain the first resource index;

[0287] Based on the modulo function, the remainder of the first product with respect to the number of candidate resources is calculated to obtain the first resource index. The first product is the product between the number and the index information.

[0288] In some embodiments, the processor is configured to read a computer program from memory and execute at least one of the following:

[0289] The first value is obtained by summing the number and the first time index; the second resource index is obtained by calculating the remainder of the first value with respect to the number of candidate resources according to the remainder function.

[0290] Multiply the number by the first time index to obtain the second value; calculate the remainder of the second value with respect to the number of candidate resources using the remainder function to obtain the second resource index.

[0291] In some embodiments, the time index includes at least one of the following:

[0292] Frame index;

[0293] Subframe index;

[0294] Time slot index;

[0295] Symbol index;

[0296] Chip index.

[0297] In some embodiments, the processor is configured to read a computer program from memory and perform the following operations:

[0298] If the time index of the reference location includes an index, the time index of the reference location shall be determined as the first time index;

[0299] If the number of time indices at the reference location includes at least two indices, the first time index is calculated based on at least two indices.

[0300] In some embodiments, the first set of transport resources includes:

[0301] Among a set of candidate transmission resources, the transmission resource at the time-domain resource location corresponding to the first time-domain resource index in the first resource index or the second time-domain resource index in the second resource index; or

[0302] Transmission resources at the frequency domain resource location corresponding to the first frequency domain resource index in the first resource index or the second frequency domain resource index in the second resource index in a set of candidate transmission resources.

[0303] In some embodiments, the first resource index includes a first time-domain resource index and a first frequency-domain resource index, the time-domain index of the second transmission resource is the first time-domain resource index, and the frequency-domain index of the second transmission resource is the first frequency-domain resource index; or the first resource index includes a first time-frequency resource index.

[0304] The second resource index includes a second time-domain resource index and a second frequency-domain resource index; the time-domain index of the third transmission resource is the second time-domain resource index; and the frequency-domain index of the third transmission resource is the second frequency-domain resource index; or the second resource index includes a second time-frequency resource index.

[0305] The time domain index of the fifth transmission resource is the third resource index, and the frequency domain index of the fifth transmission resource is the first frequency domain resource index or the second frequency domain resource index; or, the frequency domain index of the fifth transmission resource is the third resource index, and the time domain index of the fifth transmission resource is the first time domain resource index or the second time domain resource index.

[0306] The number of candidate resources includes the number of time-domain resources and the number of frequency-domain resources in a set of candidate transmission resources, or the total number of resources in a set of candidate transmission resources, wherein the total number of resources is the product of the number of time-domain resources and the number of frequency-domain resources.

[0307] In some embodiments, the processor is also configured to read a computer program from memory and perform the following operations:

[0308] Sort a set of candidate transport resources and determine the index of the resources in the set of candidate transport resources;

[0309] Based on the capabilities of the first A-IoT device, a set of candidate transmission resources is updated; the updated set of candidate transmission resources is sorted, and the index of the resources in the updated set of candidate transmission resources is determined.

[0310] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to read a computer program from memory and execute at least one of the following:

[0311] Send the first message on the target transmission resource;

[0312] Based on a first probability of sending a first message on the target transmission resource, determine whether to send the first message on the target transmission resource.

[0313] In some embodiments, the processor is also configured to read a computer program from memory and perform the following operations:

[0314] A first random number is randomly generated within the range of a first preset value to a second preset value, where the second preset value is greater than the first preset value.

[0315] If the first random number is a third preset value, send the first message on the target transmission resource.

[0316] In some embodiments, the processor is also configured to read a computer program from memory and perform the following operations:

[0317] Determine the first probability of sending the first message on each of a set of candidate transmission resources;

[0318] In this context, the probability of sending the first message on each resource in a set of candidate transmission resources is the same, or...

[0319] The resource with the larger the interval between it and the third time domain resource in a set of candidate transmission resources has a higher first probability. The third time domain resource is the time domain resource for receiving the first signaling. And / or, the resource with the larger offset relative to the center frequency point in a set of candidate transmission resources has a higher first probability. The center frequency point is the center frequency point of a set of candidate transmission resources.

[0320] In some embodiments, the first signaling also carries an access delay;

[0321] The processor is also used to read computer programs from memory and perform the following operations:

[0322] Within the range of the fourth preset value to the access delay, the third value is randomly selected;

[0323] The first signaling sent by the first node is not received during the first time period, wherein the first time period is the third time domain unit or the time period with a duration of the third value after the first time point, and the first time point is the end time of the current inventory round.

[0324] In some embodiments, the current inventory round has a detection window for the second message. The end time of the current inventory round is the end position of the last detection window of the second message in the current inventory round, or, in the case where the first A-IoT device receives the second message, the end position of the received negative acknowledgment (NACK) feedback signaling or re-access indication signaling after sending the third message. The second message is the response message corresponding to the first message.

[0325] In some embodiments, the first signaling also carries an access delay;

[0326] The processor is also used to read computer programs from memory and perform the following operations:

[0327] The first message is not sent during the second time period, wherein the second time period is the fourth time domain unit or the time period with a duration of the fourth value after the second time point, the second time point is the end time of receiving the first signaling, and the fourth value is a value randomly selected within the range of the fifth preset value to the access delay.

[0328] In some embodiments, the first signaling also carries an access delay;

[0329] The processor is also used to read computer programs from memory and perform the following operations:

[0330] Randomly select the fifth value within the range of the fifth preset value and the access delay;

[0331] Before selecting a target transmission resource for the first A-IoT device to send the first message from a set of candidate transmission resources, the method includes: excluding resources in the set of candidate transmission resources that are located in a third time period to update the set of candidate transmission resources, wherein the third time period is the fifth time domain unit or the time period with a duration of the fifth value after the second time point, and the second time point is the end time of receiving the first signaling.

[0332] In Figure 9, the bus architecture can include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, specifically linking various circuits of one or more processors represented by processor 910 and memory represented by memory 920. The bus architecture can also link various other circuits such as peripheral devices, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and therefore will not be described further herein. The bus interface provides an interface. The transceiver 900 can be multiple components, including transmitters and receivers, providing a unit for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium, including wireless channels, wired channels, optical fibers, etc. For different user equipment, the user interface 930 can also be an interface capable of connecting external or internal devices, including but not limited to keypads, displays, speakers, microphones, joysticks, etc.

[0333] The processor 910 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, while the memory 920 can store the data used by the processor 910 during operation.

[0334] In some embodiments, the processor 910 may be a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), and the processor may also adopt a multi-core architecture.

[0335] The processor executes any of the methods provided in the embodiments of this disclosure by invoking a computer program stored in memory, according to the obtained executable instructions. The processor and memory may also be physically separated.

[0336] It should be noted that the communication device provided in this embodiment can implement the resource determination method steps applied to the first AIoT device implemented in the above method embodiment, and can achieve the same technical effect. Therefore, the parts and beneficial effects that are the same as those in the method embodiment will not be described in detail here.

[0337] Please refer to Figure 10, which is a structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. The communication device can be a reader / writer, as shown in Figure 10, including a memory 1020, a transceiver 1000, and a processor 1010.

[0338] Memory is used to store computer programs; transceiver is used to send and receive data under the control of the processor; processor is used to read the computer programs from memory and perform the following operations:

[0339] Send a first signaling to at least one A-IoT device, wherein the at least one A-IoT device includes a first A-IoT device;

[0340] The first signaling is used to indicate a set of candidate transmission resources for the first message during the random access process, and the set of candidate transmission resources is used to select the target transmission resource for sending the first message.

[0341] In some embodiments, the processor is also configured to read a computer program from memory and perform the following operations:

[0342] Receive the first message sent by the first A-IoT device on the target transmission resource selected by the first A-IoT device;

[0343] Send a second message to the first A-IoT device.

[0344] In some embodiments, the processor is also configured to read a computer program from memory and perform the following operations:

[0345] If no third message corresponding to the second message is received within a preset time period after the second message is sent, a NACK feedback signaling or a re-access indication signaling is sent to the first A-IoT device.

[0346] In Figure 10, the bus architecture can include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, specifically linking various circuits of one or more processors represented by processor 1010 and memory represented by memory 1020. The bus architecture can also link various other circuits such as peripheral devices, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and therefore will not be described further herein. The bus interface provides an interface. The transceiver 1000 can be multiple components, including transmitters and receivers, providing a unit for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium, including wireless channels, wired channels, optical fibers, etc. For different user equipment, the user interface 1030 can also be an interface capable of connecting external or internal devices, including but not limited to keypads, displays, speakers, microphones, joysticks, etc.

[0347] The processor 1010 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, while the memory 1020 can store the data used by the processor 1010 when performing operations.

[0348] In some embodiments, the processor 1010 may be a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or a complex programmable logic device (CPLD). The processor may also adopt a multi-core architecture.

[0349] The processor executes any of the methods provided in the embodiments of this disclosure by invoking a computer program stored in memory, according to the obtained executable instructions. The processor and memory may also be physically separated.

[0350] It should be noted that the communication device provided in this embodiment can implement the resource determination method steps applied to the first node as implemented in the method embodiment, and can achieve the same technical effect. Therefore, the parts and beneficial effects that are the same as those in the method embodiment will not be described in detail here.

[0351] Please refer to Figure 11. Figure 11 is a structural diagram of a resource determination device (which can be applied to a first AIoT device) provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 11, the device 1100 includes:

[0352] The first receiving module 1101 is used to receive the first signaling sent by the first node, the first signaling being used to indicate a set of candidate transmission resources for the first message during the random access process;

[0353] Selection module 1102 is used to select a target transmission resource from a set of candidate transmission resources for the first A-IoT device to send a first message, based on predefined rules.

[0354] In some embodiments, the device further includes:

[0355] The sorting module is used to sort a set of candidate transmission resources and determine the index of the resources in the set of candidate transmission resources before the selection module 1102 performs the selection of the target transmission resource for the first A-IoT device to send the first message from a set of candidate transmission resources.

[0356] The first update module is used to update a set of candidate transmission resources according to the capabilities of the first A-IoT device; sort the updated set of candidate transmission resources; and determine the index of the resources in the updated set of candidate transmission resources.

[0357] In some embodiments, the device further includes at least one of the following:

[0358] The first message sending module is used to send the first message on the target transmission resource;

[0359] The first determining module is used to determine whether to send the first message on the target transmission resource based on the first probability of sending the first message on the target transmission resource.

[0360] In some embodiments, the device further includes:

[0361] The generation module is used to randomly generate a first random number within the range of a first preset value to a second preset value, wherein the second preset value is greater than the first preset value;

[0362] The second message sending module is used to send a first message on the target transmission resource when the first random number is a third preset value.

[0363] In some embodiments, the device further includes:

[0364] The second determining module is used to determine a first probability of sending the first message on each of a set of candidate transmission resources;

[0365] In this context, the probability of sending the first message on each resource in a set of candidate transmission resources is the same, or...

[0366] The resource with the larger the interval between it and the third time domain resource in a set of candidate transmission resources has a higher first probability. The third time domain resource is the time domain resource for receiving the first signaling. And / or, the resource with the larger offset relative to the center frequency point in a set of candidate transmission resources has a higher first probability. The center frequency point is the center frequency point of a set of candidate transmission resources.

[0367] In some embodiments, the first signaling also carries an access delay;

[0368] The device also includes:

[0369] The first random selection module is used to randomly select a third value within the range of the fourth preset value to the access delay;

[0370] The first signaling sent by the first node is not received during the first time period, wherein the first time period is the third time domain unit or the time period with a duration of the third value after the first time point, and the first time point is the end time of the current inventory round.

[0371] In some embodiments, the current inventory round has a detection window for the second message. The end time of the current inventory round is the end position of the last detection window of the second message in the current inventory round, or, in the case where the first A-IoT device receives the second message, the end position of the received negative acknowledgment (NACK) feedback signaling or re-access indication signaling after sending the third message. The second message is the response message corresponding to the first message.

[0372] In some embodiments, the first signaling also carries an access delay;

[0373] After selecting a target transmission resource from a set of candidate transmission resources for the first A-IoT device to send the first message, the first message is not sent during the second time period. The second time period is the fourth time domain unit or the time period with a duration of the fourth value after the second time point. The second time point is the end time of receiving the first signaling. The fourth value is a value randomly selected within the range from the fifth preset value to the access delay.

[0374] In some embodiments, the first signaling also carries an access delay;

[0375] The device also includes: a second random selection module, used to randomly select a fifth value within the range of a fifth preset value to the access delay;

[0376] The device further includes a second update module, used to exclude resources in a third time period from a set of candidate transmission resources before the selection module 1102 selects the target transmission resource for the first A-IoT device to send the first message from a set of candidate transmission resources, so as to update a set of candidate transmission resources, wherein the third time period is the fifth time domain unit or the time period with a duration of the fifth value after the second time point, and the second time point is the end time of receiving the first signaling.

[0377] It should be noted that the device 1100 provided in this embodiment can implement the method steps applied to the first AIoT device as implemented in the above method embodiment, and can achieve the same technical effect. Here, the parts and beneficial effects that are the same as those in the method embodiment will not be described in detail.

[0378] Please refer to Figure 12, which is a structural diagram of another resource determination device (applicable to a first node) provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 12, the device 1200 includes:

[0379] The first transmitting module 1201 is configured to transmit a first signaling to at least one A-IoT device, wherein the at least one A-IoT device includes a first A-IoT device;

[0380] The first signaling is used to indicate a set of candidate transmission resources for the first message during the random access process, and the set of candidate transmission resources is used to select the target transmission resource for sending the first message.

[0381] In some embodiments, the device 1200 further includes:

[0382] The message receiving module is used to receive a first message sent by the first A-IoT device on the target transmission resource selected by the first A-IoT device;

[0383] The third message sending module is used to send a second message to the first A-IoT device.

[0384] In some embodiments, the apparatus further includes:

[0385] The signaling sending module is used to send a NACK feedback signaling or a re-access indication signaling to the first A-IoT device if no third message corresponding to the second message is received within a preset time period after the second message is sent.

[0386] It should be noted that the device 1200 provided in this embodiment can implement the method steps applied to the first node as implemented in the method embodiment, and can achieve the same technical effect. Here, the parts and beneficial effects that are the same as those in the method embodiment will not be described in detail.

[0387] This disclosure provides a computer program product, including computer instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the resource determination method described above. It achieves the same technical effects, and therefore, the parts and beneficial effects identical to those in the method embodiment will not be described in detail here.

[0388] It should be noted that the division of units in the embodiments of this disclosure is illustrative and only represents one logical functional division. In actual implementation, other division methods may be used. Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this disclosure can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated units described above can be implemented in hardware or as software functional units.

[0389] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a processor-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this disclosure, in essence, or the part that contributes to related technologies, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) or processor to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this disclosure. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0390] This disclosure provides a processor-readable storage medium storing a computer program that causes the processor to execute the resource determination method provided in this disclosure, or the computer program causes the processor to execute the resource determination method provided in this disclosure.

[0391] The processor-readable storage medium can be any available medium or data storage device that the processor can access, including but not limited to magnetic memory (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape, magneto-optical (MO) etc.), optical memory (e.g., compact disc (CD), digital versatile disc (DVD), Blu-ray disc (BD), high-definition versatile disc (HVD) etc.), and semiconductor memory (e.g., ROM, erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), non-volatile memory (NAND FLASH), solid state disk (SSD) etc.).

[0392] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this disclosure can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this disclosure can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this disclosure can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage and optical storage) containing computer-usable program code.

[0393] This disclosure is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this disclosure. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer-executable instructions. These computer-executable instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in one or more flowchart illustrations and / or one or more block diagrams.

[0394] These processor-executable instructions may also be stored in a processor-readable memory that can instruct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the processor-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means that implement the functions specified in one or more flowcharts and / or one or more block diagrams.

[0395] These processor-executable instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process, such that the instructions, which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus, provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more flowcharts and / or one or more block diagrams.

[0396] Furthermore, it should be noted that in the apparatus and method of this disclosure, it is obvious that the components or steps can be decomposed and / or recombined. These decompositions and / or recombinations should be considered equivalent solutions of this disclosure. Moreover, the steps performing the above series of processes can naturally be executed in the order described, but are not necessarily required to be executed in chronological order; some steps can be executed in parallel or independently of each other. Those skilled in the art will understand that all or any step or component of the method and apparatus of this disclosure can be implemented in any computing device (including processors, storage media, etc.) or network of computing devices, in hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof, which can be achieved by those skilled in the art using their basic programming skills after reading the description of this disclosure.

[0397] It should be noted that the above division of modules is merely a logical functional division. In actual implementation, they can be fully or partially integrated into a single physical entity, or they can be physically separated. Furthermore, these modules can be implemented entirely in software via processing element calls; they can be fully implemented in hardware; or some modules can be implemented by processing element calls to software, while others are implemented in hardware. For example, a module can be a separate processing element, or it can be integrated into a chip in the aforementioned device. Alternatively, it can be stored as program code in the memory of the aforementioned device, and its function can be called and executed by a processing element of the device. The implementation of other modules is similar. Moreover, these modules can be fully or partially integrated together, or they can be implemented independently. The processing element mentioned here can be an integrated circuit with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the above method or each of the above modules can be completed through integrated logic circuits in the hardware of the processor element or through software instructions.

[0398] For example, each module, unit, subunit, or submodule can be one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the above methods, such as one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), or one or more field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). As another example, when a module is implemented using processing element scheduler code, the processing element can be a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU) or other processor capable of calling program code. Furthermore, these modules can be integrated together as a system-on-a-chip (SOC).

[0399] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in this disclosure and in the claims are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a particular order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this disclosure described herein may be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0400] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this disclosure without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this disclosure and their equivalents, this disclosure is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A resource determination method, applied to an A-IoT device in a first environment, the method comprising: Receive a first signaling sent by the first node, the first signaling being used to indicate a set of candidate transmission resources for the first message during the random access process; Based on predefined rules, a target transmission resource is selected from the set of candidate transmission resources for the first A-IoT device to send the first message.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The step of selecting a target transmission resource for the first A-IoT device to send the first message based on a set of candidate transmission resources according to predefined rules includes at least one of the following: Randomly select a first transmission resource from the set of candidate transmission resources; Based on the target information and the first rule, a first target resource is selected from the set of candidate transmission resources; wherein the target information includes at least one of the following: The first A-IoT device's serial number, index information, and time information.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The index information is carried in the first signaling, and the index information is used to indicate the sending index of the first signaling or to indicate the round index of the first A-IoT device sending the first message.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein, The step of selecting a first target resource from the set of candidate transmission resources based on target information and a first rule includes at least one of the following: A first resource index is determined based on at least one of the serial number and index information of the first A-IoT device; a second transmission resource corresponding to the first resource index is selected from the set of candidate transmission resources; Determine the first time index based on the time index of the reference location; A second resource index is determined based on the first time index; a third transmission resource corresponding to the second resource index is selected from the set of candidate transmission resources; Based on a first resource index or a second resource index, a first set of transmission resources is determined from the set of candidate transmission resources; a fourth transmission resource is randomly selected from the first set of transmission resources, wherein the first resource index is an index determined based on at least one of the number and the index information, the second resource index is an index determined based on a first time index, and the first time index is an index determined based on a time index of a reference position; or Based on a randomly selected third resource index, a second set of transmission resources is determined from the set of candidate transmission resources; based on either the first or second resource index, a fifth transmission resource is selected from the second set of transmission resources. The reference location includes the start time or end time of receiving the first signaling.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, The time index includes at least one of the following: Frame index; Subframe index; Time slot index; Symbol index; Chip index.

6. The method of claim 4 or 5, wherein, Determining the first time index based on the time index of the reference position includes: If the time index of the reference location includes an index, the time index of the reference location shall be determined as the first time index; If the number of time indices at the reference location includes at least two indices, the first time index is calculated based on the at least two indices.

7. The method of claim 4, wherein, The first set of transmission resources includes: Among the candidate transmission resources, the transmission resources at the time-domain resource location corresponding to the first time-domain resource index in the first resource index or the second time-domain resource index in the second resource index; or Among the set of candidate transmission resources, the transmission resources at the frequency domain resource locations corresponding to the first frequency domain resource index in the first resource index or the second frequency domain resource index in the second resource index.

8. The method of any one of claims 1-7, wherein, Before selecting the target transmission resource for the first A-IoT device to send the first message from the set of candidate transmission resources, the method further includes at least one of the following: Sort the set of candidate transmission resources and determine the index of the resources in the set of candidate transmission resources; Based on the capabilities of the first A-IoT device, the set of candidate transmission resources is updated; the updated set of candidate transmission resources is sorted, and the index of the resource in the updated set of candidate transmission resources is determined.

9. The method of any one of claims 1-7, wherein, After selecting the target transmission resource for the first A-IoT device to send the first message from the set of candidate transmission resources, the method further includes at least one of the following: The first message is sent on the target transmission resource; Based on a first probability of sending the first message on the target transmission resource, determine whether to send the first message on the target transmission resource.

10. The method of any one of claims 1-7, wherein, After selecting the target transmission resource for the first A-IoT device to send the first message from the set of candidate transmission resources, the method further includes: A first random number is randomly generated within the range of a first preset value to a second preset value, wherein the second preset value is greater than the first preset value; When the first random number is a third preset value, the first message is sent on the target transmission resource.

11. The method of claim 9, wherein, Before determining whether to send the first message on the target transmission resource based on a first probability of sending the first message on the target transmission resource, the method further includes: Determine a first probability of sending the first message on each of the set of candidate transmission resources; Wherein, the first probability of sending the first message on each of the candidate transmission resources is the same, or, The resource with the larger the interval between it and the third time-domain resource in the set of candidate transmission resources has a higher first probability. The third time-domain resource is the time-domain resource for receiving the first signaling. And / or, the resource with the larger offset relative to the center frequency point in the set of candidate transmission resources has a higher first probability. The center frequency point is the center frequency point of the set of candidate transmission resources.

12. The method of any one of claims 1-7, wherein, The first signaling also carries access delay; After sending the first message on the target transmission resource, the method further includes: Within the range of the fourth preset value to the access delay, a third value is randomly selected; The first signaling sent by the first node is not received during the first time period, wherein the first time period is the third time domain unit or the time period with a duration of the third value after the first time point, and the first time point is the end time of the current inventory round.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein, The current inventory round has a detection window for the second message. The end time of the current inventory round is the end position of the last detection window of the second message in the current inventory round, or the end position of the negative acknowledgment (NACK) feedback signaling or re-access indication signaling received after the first A-IoT device sends the third message when it receives the second message. The second message is the response message corresponding to the first message.

14. The method of any one of claims 1-7, wherein, The first signaling also carries access delay; After selecting the target transmission resource for the first A-IoT device to send the first message from the set of candidate transmission resources, the method further includes: The first message is not sent during the second time period, wherein the second time period is the fourth time domain unit or the time period with a duration of the fourth value after the second time point, the second time point is the end time of receiving the first signaling, and the fourth value is a value randomly selected within the range of the fifth preset value to the access delay.

15. The method of any one of claims 1-7, wherein, The first signaling also carries access delay; The method further includes: randomly selecting a fifth value within the range of a fifth preset value to the access delay; Before selecting the target transmission resource for the first A-IoT device to send the first message from the set of candidate transmission resources, the method includes: excluding resources in the set of candidate transmission resources that are located in a third time period to update the set of candidate transmission resources, wherein the third time period is the fifth time domain unit after the second time point or a time period with a duration of the fifth value, and the second time point is the end time of receiving the first signaling.

16. A resource determination method, applied to a first node, the method comprising: Send a first signaling to at least one A-IoT device, wherein the at least one A-IoT device includes a first A-IoT device; The first signaling is used to indicate a set of candidate transmission resources for the first message during the random access process, and the set of candidate transmission resources is used to select the target transmission resource for sending the first message.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein, After sending the first signaling to at least one A-IoT device, the method further includes: Receive the first message sent by the first A-IoT device on the target transmission resource selected by the first A-IoT device; Send a second message to the first A-IoT device.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein, After sending the second message to the first A-IoT device, the method further includes: If no third message corresponding to the second message is received within a preset time period after the second message is sent, a NACK feedback signaling or a re-access indication signaling is sent to the first A-IoT device.

19. A communication device comprising: Memory, transceiver, and processor, among which: The memory is used to store computer programs; the transceiver is used to send and receive data under the control of the processor; the processor is used to read the computer programs in the memory and perform the following operations: Receive a first signaling sent by the first node, the first signaling being used to indicate a set of candidate transmission resources for the first message during the random access process; Based on predefined rules, a target transmission resource is selected from the set of candidate transmission resources for the first A-IoT device to send the first message.

20. A communication device comprising: Memory, transceiver, and processor, among which: The memory is used to store computer programs; the transceiver is used to send and receive data under the control of the processor; the processor is used to read the computer programs in the memory and perform the following operations: Send a first signaling to at least one A-IoT device, wherein the at least one A-IoT device includes a first A-IoT device; The first signaling is used to indicate a set of candidate transmission resources for the first message during the random access process, and the set of candidate transmission resources is used to select the target transmission resource for sending the first message.

21. A resource determination device, applied to a first AIoT device, the device comprising: The first receiving module is used to receive the first signaling sent by the first node, wherein the first signaling is used to indicate a set of candidate transmission resources for the first message during the random access process; The selection module is used to select, based on predefined rules, a target transmission resource from the set of candidate transmission resources for the first A-IoT device to send the first message.

22. A resource determination device, applied to a first node, the device comprising: A first transmitting module is configured to transmit a first signaling to at least one A-IoT device, wherein the at least one A-IoT device includes a first A-IoT device; The first signaling is used to indicate a set of candidate transmission resources for the first message during the random access process, and the set of candidate transmission resources is used to select the target transmission resource for sending the first message.

23. A processor-readable storage medium storing a computer program for causing the processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 15, or the computer program for causing the processor to perform the method of any one of claims 16 to 18.

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