Window with integrated solar energy system

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a window with an integrated solar energy system comprising a transparent panel assembly configured to be installed in a window frame (4). The transparent panel assembly includes a first layer of hardened glass (3), a second layer of hardened glass (3), and a cavity (2) for a coolant disposed between the first and second layers of hardened glass (3). An adjustable transparency layer (1) is disposed on an inner surface of the transparent panel assembly, being switchable between a transparent state and an opaque state. The window further includes a coolant inlet (5) and a coolant outlet (6) fluidly connected to the cavity (2). The system enables the window to function as both a conventional window and a solar energy collector.

Description

[0001] JECK, FLECK & PARTNER mbB Postfach 1469 • D-71657 Vaihingen / Enz PATENTANWALTE Telefon (07042) 9728 - 0

[0002] Telefax (07042) 9728 - 11

[0003] A 25452-PCT - JJ / JJ January 21 , 2025

[0004] FILIPPOV, Aleksandr Vyacheslavovich

[0005] Sarfovo - ul. Baba Tonka 10 et.2 ap.7

[0006] 8016 Burgas

[0007] BULGARIEN

[0008] - 1 -

[0009] WINDOW WITH INTEGRATED SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEM

[0010] FIELD OF INVENTION

[0011] The present disclosure relates to windows with integrated solar energy systems, and more particularly to a window with an integrated solar energy system, method of operating such a window, and system for collecting and utilizing solar energy using such windows.

[0012] BACKGROUND

[0013] Solar energy systems have gained significant attention as an alternative source for water heating and various other applications. These systems typically convert solar radiation energy into usable forms such as heat or electricity. Traditional solar collectors, particularly flat-plate collectors, are widely used for capturing solar energy. A flat-plate solar collector typically consists of a heat-absorbing metal plate coated with a specialized black paint to maximize solar absorption. Attached to the underside of this plate is a serpentine tube through which a fluid circulates, absorbing the heat

[0014] Patentanwalte Jeck, Fleck & PartnerA 25452-PCT - JJ / JJ -2 - January 21 , 2025

[0015] from the plate. To minimize heat loss, thermal insulation is often employed between the absorber and the collector body. A layer of tempered, low-iron glass is usually installed above the absorber, acting as a protective cover while also creating a greenhouse effect to further increase the temperature of the absorber and the circulating fluid.

[0016] While these traditional solar energy systems have proven effective, they present several challenges in practical applications. One significant problem is the space requirement for installing such systems. For private residences, roof-mounted panels may be acceptable, but in multi-family dwellings, the installation of panels on roofs or facades often requires numerous approvals from various stakeholders, including management companies, residents, and local authorities. This approval process can be complex and time-consuming, potentially limiting the adoption of solar energy systems in urban environments.

[0017] Another technical challenge associated with conventional solar collectors is the distance between the panel and the storage unit. In a multi-story building, for instance, if a solar collector is installed on the roof while the apartment utilizing the system is on a lower floor, substantial lengths of water inlet and outlet pipes are required. This increased piping not only complicates installation but also reduces the overall efficiency of the system due to heat loss along the extended pipe runs.

[0018] It has been appreciated that a window with an integrated solar energy system is needed that overcomes one or more of these problems.

[0019] SUMMARY

[0020] This Summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the Detailed Description.

[0021] Patentanwalte Jeck, Fleck & PartnerA 25452-PCT - JJ / JJ - 3 - January 21 , 2025

[0022] In a first aspect, a window with an integrated solar energy system is provided. The window includes a transparent panel assembly configured to be installed in a window frame, the transparent panel assembly comprising: a first layer of hardened glass; a second layer of hardened glass; a cavity for a coolant disposed between the first and second layers of hardened glass; an adjustable transparency layer disposed on an inner surface of the transparent panel assembly, the adjustable transparency layer being switchable between a transparent state and an opaque state; a coolant inlet fluidly connected to the cavity; and a coolant outlet fluidly connected to the cavity.

[0023] This window design integrates solar energy collection capabilities into a functional window, allowing for dual use of the window space. The adjustable transparency layer enables control over light transmission and heat absorption, enhancing energy efficiency and user comfort.

[0024] The window may further comprise a smart control system configured to control the adjustable transparency layer based on input from light and occupancy sensors.

[0025] The addition of a smart control system with sensors allows for automated and optimized management of the window's transparency, maximizing energy collection when appropriate and maintaining desired indoor lighting conditions.

[0026] The window may further comprise a circulation pump configured to circulate the coolant through the cavity; a thermoelectric generator fluidly connected to the coolant outlet; and an emergency overpressure valve disposed between the coolant outlet and the thermoelectric generator.

[0027] These additional components enhance the functionality and safety of the solar energy system. The circulation pump ensures efficient coolant flow, the thermoelectric generator enables conversion of thermal energy to electricity, and the emergency

[0028] Patentanwalte Jeck, Fleck & PartnerA 25452-PCT - JJ / JJ -4 - January 21 , 2025

[0029] overpressure valve provides a safety mechanism to prevent damage from excessive pressure buildup.

[0030] On the inner and / or outer side of the panel assembly, in particular on the first layer of hardened glass and / or the second layer of hardened glass, in particular on their respective outer sides, there may be an electrochromic film with adjustable degree of transparency or smart glass or black opaque material.

[0031] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES

[0032] Embodiments of the invention will be described, by way of example, with reference to the following drawings, in which:

[0033] Common reference numerals are used throughout the figures to indicate similar features.

[0034] DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present disclosure relates to a window with an integrated solar energy system that combines the functionality of a traditional window with the capability to collect solar energy. This innovative system provides a dual-purpose solution for buildings, allowing natural light to enter when desired while also harnessing solar energy for various applications. The window with integrated solar energy system can be utilized in residential, commercial, or industrial buildings to contribute to energy efficiency and sustainability goals.

[0036] The system incorporates adjustable transparency features that enable users to control the amount of light entering a room. When in its transparent state, the window functions as a conventional window, allowing natural light to illuminate the interior

[0037] Patentanwalte Jeck, Fleck & PartnerA 25452-PCT - JJ / JJ - 5 - January 21 , 2025

[0038] space. When switched to its opaque state, the window transforms into a solar energy collector, absorbing solar radiation and converting it into usable energy.

[0039] One application of the collected solar energy is for heating or cooling of rooms within a building. The system can be configured to work in conjunction with existing heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems to supplement temperature control efforts. By harnessing solar energy directly at the window, the system reduces reliance on external energy sources and can potentially lower overall energy consumption for building climate control.

[0040] The window with integrated solar energy system represents a novel approach to combining traditional building elements with renewable energy technology, offering a space-efficient solution for solar energy collection in urban environments where dedicated solar panel installations may be impractical or restricted.

[0041] The transparent panel assembly forms the core structure of the solar window system. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the transparent panel assembly comprises multiple layers arranged within a window frame (4). A first layer of hardened glass (3) and a second layer of hardened glass (3) form the outer surfaces of the assembly. Between these hardened glass layers (3), a cavity (2) for coolant is disposed, allowing for fluid circulation within the assembly.

[0042] On an inner surface of the transparent panel assembly, an adjustable transparency layer (1) is positioned. This adjustable transparency layer (1) may be implemented as an electrochromic film or smart glass. The adjustable transparency layer (1) is switchable between a transparent state and an opaque state. FIG. 3 illustrates the adjustable transparency layer (1) in its transparent state, while FIG. 4 shows the same layer in its opaque state.

[0043] Patentanwalte Jeck, Fleck & PartnerA 25452-PCT - JJ / JJ -6 - January 21 , 2025

[0044] In some examples, as depicted in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, a removable opaque plug may be used instead of the adjustable transparency layer (1). This opaque plug can be inserted or removed to control light transmission through the window.

[0045] The transparent panel assembly may be designed with a double or triple chamber configuration. In multi-chamber designs, additional spaces between the glass layers may contain dehumidified air or vacuum for improved insulation properties. These additional chambers are separate from the cavity (2) for coolant.

[0046] The hardened glass layers (3) serve multiple purposes in the assembly. The hardened glass layers (3) provide structural integrity to the window, protect the internal components, and allow light transmission when the adjustable transparency layer (1) is in its transparent state. The cavity (2) for coolant, positioned between the first and second layers of hardened glass (3), enables the solar energy collection functionality of the window when the adjustable transparency layer (1) is in its opaque state or when an opaque plug is inserted.

[0047] The combination of these components - the hardened glass layers (3), the cavity (2) for coolant, and the adjustable transparency layer (1) or removable opaque plug -allows the transparent panel assembly to function both as a conventional window and as a solar energy collection device. This dual functionality is achieved by controlling the state of the adjustable transparency layer (1) or by inserting or removing the opaque plug.

[0048] The window with an integrated solar energy system includes a window frame (4) designed to accommodate the transparent panel assembly. The window frame (4) provides structural support and houses the various components of the solar energy system. In some examples, the window frame (4) is constructed from materials such as aluminum, vinyl, or wood, selected for their durability and thermal insulation properties.

[0049] Patentanwalte Jeck, Fleck & PartnerA 25452-PCT - JJ / JJ - 7 - January 21 , 2025

[0050] As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the window frame (4) is configured to securely hold the transparent panel assembly, which comprises multiple layers including the hardened glass (3) and the cavity for coolant (2). The window frame (4) may include grooves or channels specifically designed to receive the edges of the transparent panel assembly, ensuring a tight and weatherproof seal.

[0051] FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 illustrate sectional views of the window frame (4) and its relationship to the transparent panel assembly. The window frame (4) may incorporate additional features to facilitate the integration of the solar energy system components. For example, the window frame (4) may include built-in conduits or channels for routing the coolant supply (5) and coolant discharge (6) connections, as depicted in these figures.

[0052] The window frame (4) may also be designed with consideration for thermal expansion and contraction of the transparent panel assembly. In some examples, the window frame (4) includes flexible gaskets or seals that allow for slight movement of the transparent panel assembly while maintaining a weathertight seal.

[0053] FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 show how the window frame (4) accommodates different configurations of the transparent panel assembly. The window frame (4) may be designed to allow for easy installation and removal of the transparent panel assembly, facilitating maintenance or replacement of individual components of the solar energy system.

[0054] As illustrated in FIG. 7, the window frame (4) may also incorporate mounting points or brackets for additional components of the solar energy system, such as the circulation pump (11) or the emergency overpressure valve (7). These mounting points may be integrated into the frame structure to provide a clean and efficient installation.

[0055] Patentanwalte Jeck, Fleck & PartnerA 25452-PCT - JJ / JJ - 8 - January 21 , 2025

[0056] The window frame (4) may be designed with thermal breaks or insulating materials to minimize heat transfer between the interior and exterior of the building, enhancing the overall energy efficiency of the window system. In some examples, the window frame (4) includes weatherstripping or other sealing elements to prevent air and moisture infiltration around the edges of the transparent panel assembly.

[0057] The window with an integrated solar energy system includes a coolant system for efficient heat transfer and energy collection. FIG. 7 illustrates a schematic diagram of the coolant system components and their arrangement.

[0058] A coolant inlet (5) is fluidly connected to the cavity (2) in the transparent panel assembly. The coolant inlet (5) allows for the introduction of a coolant, such as water, into the cavity (2). A coolant outlet (6) is also fluidly connected to the cavity (2), enabling the coolant to exit the transparent panel assembly after absorbing heat.

[0059] A circulation pump (11) is configured to circulate the coolant through the cavity (2). The circulation pump (11) facilitates the continuous flow of coolant from the coolant inlet (5), through the cavity (2), and out through the coolant outlet (6). This circulation ensures efficient heat transfer from the solar energy absorbed by the transparent panel assembly to the coolant.

[0060] An emergency overpressure valve (7) is disposed between the coolant outlet (6) and a thermoelectric generator (10). The emergency overpressure valve (7) serves as a safety feature to prevent excessive pressure buildup in the coolant system. In the event of unexpected pressure increases, the emergency overpressure valve (7) can release excess pressure, protecting the system components from damage.

[0061] The heated coolant exiting the coolant outlet (6) can be directed to the thermoelectric generator (10) for conversion of thermal energy into electrical energy. Alternatively,

[0062] Patentanwalte Jeck, Fleck & PartnerA 25452-PCT - JJ / JJ - 9 - January 21 , 2025

[0063] the heated coolant may be circulated to a storage tank for later use or distribution of thermal energy.

[0064] The coolant system operates by continuously circulating the coolant through the cavity (2) of the transparent panel assembly. As solar energy is absorbed and converted to heat, the coolant absorbs this thermal energy while flowing through the cavity (2). The heated coolant then exits through the coolant outlet (6) and can be utilized for various purposes, such as energy conversion or storage, before being recirculated back into the system through the coolant inlet (5).

[0065] The window with an integrated solar energy system includes a smart control system that manages various components of the system to optimize energy collection and user comfort. The smart control system is configured to control the adjustable transparency layer based on input from light and occupancy sensors. These sensors provide real-time data about the ambient light conditions and the presence of occupants in the room, allowing the system to automatically adjust the transparency of the adjustable transparency layer as needed.

[0066] In addition to controlling the adjustable transparency layer, the smart control system can also manage the operation of a circulation pump. The circulation pump is responsible for circulating the coolant through the cavity of the transparent panel assembly. By controlling both the adjustable transparency layer and the circulation pump, the smart control system can optimize the energy collection process while maintaining desired indoor lighting conditions.

[0067] As shown in FIG. 7, the system includes a thermoelectric generator that is fluidly connected to the coolant outlet. The thermoelectric generator serves as a means to convert the thermal energy collected by the coolant into electrical energy. When the heated coolant exits the transparent panel assembly through the coolant outlet, it flows into the thermoelectric generator. The thermoelectric generator utilizes the

[0068] Patentanwalte Jeck, Fleck & PartnerA 25452-PCT - JJ / JJ - 10 - January 21 , 2025

[0069] temperature difference between the heated coolant and a cooler side to generate electricity through the Seebeck effect.

[0070] The smart control system may be programmed to maximize the efficiency of the thermoelectric generator by controlling the flow rate of the coolant through the circulation pump. By adjusting the flow rate, the system can maintain an optimal temperature difference across the thermoelectric generator, thereby enhancing its electricity generation capabilities.

[0071] The integration of the smart control system with the light and occupancy sensors allows for dynamic adjustment of the window's properties. For example, when the sensors detect high levels of sunlight and no occupants in the room, the smart control system may switch the adjustable transparency layer to its opaque state, maximizing solar energy collection. Conversely, when occupants are present and natural light is desired, the system can maintain the adjustable transparency layer in its transparent state, prioritizing user comfort over energy collection.

[0072] The window with an integrated solar energy system operates in multiple modes to provide both traditional window functionality and solar energy collection. The system comprises a window frame (4) that houses a transparent panel assembly. The transparent panel assembly includes a first layer of hardened glass (3) and a second layer of hardened glass (3) with a cavity for coolant (2) disposed between them. An adjustable transparency layer (1), which may be a smart glass or an opaque black material, is positioned on the inner surface of the transparent panel assembly.

[0073] In a first operational mode, as illustrated in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, the adjustable transparency layer (1) is set to a transparent state. This allows the window to function as a conventional window, permitting natural light to enter the building interior. In this mode, the cavity for coolant (2) may remain filled with coolant, but the coolant is not actively circulated or heated.

[0074] Patentanwalte Jeck, Fleck & PartnerA 25452-PCT - JJ / JJ - 11 - January 21 , 2025

[0075] In a second operational mode, shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 4, the adjustable transparency layer (1) is switched to an opaque state or replaced with an opaque black material. This configuration enables the window to function as a solar energy collector. Solar radiation incident on the window is absorbed by the opaque layer, which heats the coolant in the cavity (2).

[0076] FIG. 7 illustrates the circulation of coolant through the system in the solar collection mode. A coolant supply (5) introduces cold coolant into the cavity (2) through an inlet pipe (7). As the coolant flows through the cavity (2), the coolant absorbs heat from the solar radiation incident on the opaque adjustable transparency layer (1). The heated coolant exits the cavity (2) through a coolant discharge (6) and flows through an outlet pipe (8).

[0077] A circulation pump (11) may be used to facilitate the flow of coolant through the system. An emergency overpressure valve (7) is provided as a safety feature to prevent excessive pressure buildup in the coolant circuit. The heated coolant may be directed to a thermoelectric generator (10) for electricity generation or to a storage tank for later use in heating applications.

[0078] The system may transition between these operational modes based on various factors such as time of day, ambient light levels, occupancy of the room, or user preferences. A smart control system may be employed to manage these transitions automatically, optimizing the balance between natural lighting and energy collection.

[0079] In an example scenario, during early morning hours when natural light is desired, the system operates in the transparent mode. As the day progresses and solar intensity increases, the system may switch to the solar collection mode, particularly if the room is unoccupied. In the evening, the system may return to the transparent mode to allow for views of the outdoors.

[0080] Patentanwalte Jeck, Fleck & PartnerA 25452-PCT - JJ / JJ - 12 - January 21 , 2025

[0081] The dual functionality of the window system allows for efficient use of solar energy without compromising the traditional benefits of windows. The integration of the solar collection system within the window frame (4) eliminates the need for separate, ex-ternally mounted solar panels, providing a streamlined and aesthetically pleasing solution for solar energy harvesting in buildings.

[0082] Features of any of the examples or embodiments outlined above may be combined to create additional examples or embodiments without losing the intended effect. It should be understood that the description of an embodiment or example provided above is by way of example only, and various modifications could be made by one skilled in the art. Furthermore, one skilled in the art will recognise that numerous further modifications and combinations of various aspects are possible. Accordingly, the described aspects are intended to encompass all such alterations, modifications, and variations that fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0083] Patentanwalte Jeck, Fleck & Partner

Claims

A 25452-PCT - JJ / JJ - 13 - January 21 , 2025CLAIMS1. A window with an integrated solar energy system (4) comprising:a transparent panel assembly configured to be installed in a window frame (4), the transparent panel assembly comprising:a first layer of hardened glass (3);a second layer of hardened glass (3);a cavity (2) for a coolant disposed between the first and second layers of hardened glass (3);an adjustable transparency layer (1) disposed on an inner surface of the transparent panel assembly, the adjustable transparency layer (1) being switchable between a transparent state and an opaque state;a coolant inlet (5) fluidly connected to the cavity (2); anda coolant outlet (6) fluidly connected to the cavity (2).

2. The window of claim 1 , further comprising:a smart control system configured to control the adjustable transparency layer (1) based on input from light and occupancy sensors.

3. The window of claim 1 or 2, wherein the window further comprises:a circulation pump (11) configured to circulate the coolant through the cavity (2);Patentanwalte Jeck, Fleck & PartnerA 25452-PCT - JJ / JJ - 14 - January 21 , 2025a thermoelectric generator (10) fluidly connected to the coolant outlet (6); andan emergency overpressure valve (7) disposed between the coolant outlet (6) and the thermoelectric generator (10).Patentanwalte Jeck, Fleck & Partner

Images