Device and method for exerting a force, and connection system

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (1) for exerting a force (2) on a target region (3) of an electrical conductor (4), at least comprising: - an active portion (5) for making contact with the target region (3) and for applying a minimum action of force to the target region (3), and - a supporting portion (6) for support on a surrounding region (7) in order to dissipate the force (2). According to the invention, a spring portion (8) is provided and designed to press the active portion (5) resiliently against the target region (3), wherein the spring portion (8) is formed in one piece with the supporting portion (6).

Description

[0001] Device and method for exerting a force as well as connection system

[0002] The present application claims priority from German patent application No. 102025 102077.9, the contents of which are incorporated herein in full by reference.

[0003] The invention relates to a device for exerting a force on a target area of ​​an electrical conductor, comprising at least an effective section for contact with the target area and for applying a minimum force effect to the target area, and a support section for support against an surrounding area in order to dissipate the force.

[0004] The invention further relates to a method for exerting a force on a target area of ​​an electrical conductor, comprising at least the following steps:

[0005] a) Supporting a support section against an surrounding area to dissipate the force, b) Attaching an effective section to the target area,

[0006] c) Applying a minimum force to the target area.

[0007] The invention also relates to a connection system.

[0008] Transformer connection terminals are known from the state of the art.

[0009] Furthermore, insulated low-voltage lines or low-voltage cables without cable shielding are known from the prior art. These are typically used for the low-voltage connection of local distribution transformers to associated low-voltage distribution boards or load switches.

[0010] These types of load switches often feature low-voltage high-performance fuses. The connection in question is frequently made in local network substations, and sometimes also on poles in open areas, as well as at transmission points from a medium-voltage distribution network to a low-voltage distribution network for electrical power supply.

[0011] Modularly constructed connection terminals for bolts are known from the prior art for low-voltage connection to transformer bolts, especially of local network transformers.

[0012] Furthermore, it is known from the prior art to connect cables to low-voltage distribution systems. Terminals are known for this purpose which are designed so that they are not attached to round bolts, as is common with transformers, but are screwed onto flat busbars using provided threads, bores and / or studs.

[0013] Furthermore, brass transformer connection lugs according to DIN 43675 are known from the prior art. Such transformer connection lugs are attached to a transformer bushing, and cable lugs for conductor contact are arranged on the transformer connection lugs, which in turn feature screw and / or crimp technology.

[0014] From EP 1 378671 B1 a clamping screw for clamping and electrically contacting a connecting cable, in particular a fine-stranded transformer connecting cable, is known.

[0015] From EP 1 911 981 B1 a fastening device, in particular a shear bolt, with a first section having a thread is also known.

[0016] Furthermore, EP 2867547 B1 discloses a shear bolt, in particular for a device for screw clamping electrical conductors, with a threaded section for screwing the shear bolt into a clamping body.

[0017] A disadvantage of the terminals and methods known from the prior art is that the electrical contacts they create often have a limited functional lifespan. After a certain period, aging processes reduce current transmission. It can even happen that sufficient current transmission is no longer possible.

[0018] A disadvantage of the connection terminals and methods known from the prior art is therefore that they do not enable consistently reliable current transmission, especially on long timescales.

[0019] The present invention is based on the objective of creating a device for exerting a force on a target area of ​​an electrical conductor, which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art, in particular enabling reliable current transmission.

[0020] According to the invention, this problem is solved by a device having the features mentioned in claim 1.

[0021] The present invention further aims to provide a method for exerting a force on a target area of ​​an electrical conductor, which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art, in particular enabling reliable current transmission.

[0022] According to the invention, this problem is solved by a method with the features mentioned in claim 16. The present invention also aims to create a connection system that avoids the disadvantages of the prior art, in particular enabling reliable power transmission.

[0023] According to the invention, this problem is solved by a connection system with the features mentioned in claim 20.

[0024] The device according to the invention for exerting a force on a target area of ​​an electrical conductor comprises at least one working section for contact with the target area and for applying a minimum force to the target area, as well as a support section for support against an surrounding area in order to dissipate the force. According to the invention, a spring section is provided and arranged to resiliently press the working section against the target area, the spring section being formed integrally with the support section.

[0025] Within the scope of the invention, a one-piece design can also be understood to mean a fixed, in particular inseparable, connection.

[0026] The inventors have recognized that the insufficient reliability of the connections in the prior art, especially on long timescales, is caused by a time-dependent and / or stress-related settling behavior of the electrical conductor.

[0027] The elastic clamping according to the invention compensates for the settling behavior of the electrical conductor.

[0028] The device according to the invention is particularly advantageous in combination with a multi-core or multi-wire electrical conductor.

[0029] Using the device according to the invention, a reliable clamping connection to the conductor can be achieved. In particular, the device according to the invention makes it possible for the conductor, which often consists of individual wires, to be completely gripped longitudinally in a clamping channel and to experience a mechanically stable, non-loosening elastic clamping beneath the effective section.

[0030] In the spring section of the device according to the invention, clamping energy is stored, which can be released again as needed, in particular when inserting a fine-wire and / or multi-wire conductor, to elastically maintain a clamping state.

[0031] It can be provided that the device according to the invention, and in particular the functional section of the device according to the invention, is designed in such a way that electrical conductors with a conductor cross-sectional area of ​​more than 16 mm² can be contacted. 2 , preferably more than 95 mm 2 , especially more than 400 mm 2 exhibit.

[0032] It can be provided that the device according to the invention, and in particular the functional section of the device according to the invention, is designed in such a way that electrical conductors with a conductor cross-sectional area of ​​less than 6000 mm² can be contacted. 2 exhibit.

[0033] In particular, the functional section is preferably designed such that the electrical conductor can be covered at least approximately completely by the functional section in its width.

[0034] The device according to the invention is particularly advantageous when used in conjunction with electrical conductors whose nominal dimensions are specified, for example, in the standard DIN EN 60228:2005-09. The current-carrying capacity of such conductors is preferably given by the HD 603 standard of DIN VDE 0276-603:2010-03.

[0035] Using the device according to the invention, larger conductor cross-sections can be assigned and, furthermore, a sufficient design of the arrangement can be achieved, whereby elaborate and time-consuming type tests with the identified worst-case assignments of conductors and clamping variants can be carried out by way of example or from statistical and empirical and / or abbreviated test series.

[0036] It can be provided that the device, and in particular the working section, is designed such that a conductor, especially one consisting of individual wires, is completely gripped longitudinally in a clamping channel and, during installation, radially deformed in a transverse direction beneath the working section, resulting in a stable clamping. This ensures the correct functioning of the clamping connection with respect to the conductor.

[0037] The stable clamping described above, which can be achieved by the device according to the invention, ensures that the contact between the conductor and a clamping channel does not deteriorate during subsequent operation for power supply, particularly even during thermo-mechanical movement of the clamped system consisting of the conductor and the clamping channel, and in particular reduces settling behavior. In particular, the device according to the invention also prevents loosening during cyclically changing current flow.

[0038] The device may be designed or configured such that, in the case of a multi-stranded conductor, at least approximately all adjacent wires are deformed under the influence of the force emanating from the device in such a way that thin oxide layers are displaced from their surfaces and metallically bare contact points are created between the wires and between them and a clamping element. Such a design of the device is particularly advantageous if the electrical conductor is made of individual aluminum wires.

[0039] The device according to the invention makes it possible to reduce power loss during current flow through the electrical conductor. In particular, a low K-value can be achieved using the device according to the invention. Furthermore, stability against load changes and short circuits can be increased using the device according to the invention. In particular, the device according to the invention allows a limited maximum change in the corresponding K-values ​​according to the respective loads.

[0040] In the context of the invention, the K-value is understood to be the ratio of the electrical resistance of the connection to that of a conductor of the same length. This ratio of resistances is subject to changes which, typically after 1000 current-heat load cycles and six short circuits, can be evaluated integrally and statistically within predefined limits as a measure of the stability and reliability of the connection.

[0041] In an advantageous further development of the device according to the invention, it can be provided that the spring section is connected to the support section via at least one solid body joint.

[0042] If the spring section is connected to the support section via at least one solid joint, the one-piece connection required according to the invention can be achieved in a particularly simple and functional way.

[0043] It can be provided that the spring section itself forms the solid-state joint. The deformation in the area of ​​the spring section both applies at least part of the spring force and enables the relative movement between the active section and the support section. Thus, the spring section preferably also fulfills the function of a joint, in particular a solid-state joint.

[0044] In an advantageous further development of the device according to the invention, it can be provided that at least the support section and the spring section are monolithic, preferably the support section, the spring section and the working section are monolithic.

[0045] It is particularly advantageous if the one-piece design is achieved by making the support section and the spring section monolithic, i.e., made from a continuous solid material without joining processes.

[0046] In contrast, with a one-piece design, the one-piece nature can also be achieved, for example, by soldering and / or welding processes, in particular by a permanent connection. If the support section, the spring section, and the working section are monolithic, the device can be machined from a single piece of solid material.

[0047] In an advantageous further development of the device according to the invention, it can be provided that the support section is formed on the outer shell side.

[0048] In the case of an outer-shell arrangement of the support section, the device according to the invention can be inserted or fitted into a bore of a clamping body particularly easily.

[0049] For example, the support section can be designed to be detachably, non-detachably and / or conditionally detachably arranged and / or attached to the surrounding area.

[0050] For example, it may be provided that the support section is connected to the surrounding area by means of a weld, an adhesive and / or a rivet.

[0051] It may also be provided that the support section can be connected to the surrounding area in a form-fitting, force-fitting and / or material-fitting manner.

[0052] In an advantageous further development of the device according to the invention, it can be provided that the support section is at least partially cylindrical and / or has an external thread.

[0053] A cylindrical design of the support section facilitates its arrangement in a cylindrical bore as the surrounding area.

[0054] If the support section also has an external thread, the support section can be detachably attached to the surrounding area, in particular by means of a screw connection.

[0055] It is particularly advantageous if the external thread has a special saw thread, especially one as described in EP 2867547 B1.

[0056] In particular, it may be provided that the external thread has, at least in some sections, a thread with an asymmetrical thread profile. It may also be provided that the external thread has, at least in some sections, a saw thread, wherein a flank angle of the asymmetrical thread profile is greater than 30° and less than 60°.

[0057] It is particularly advantageous if the flank angle of the asymmetrical thread profile is more than 40° and less than 55°, preferably more than 45° and less than 55°.

[0058] Furthermore, it is advantageous if the asymmetrical thread profile has a defined rounding on a radial outside, in particular it is advantageous if the asymmetrical thread profile radially outside has two roundings with a flat section arranged in between between the two flanks of the asymmetrical thread profile.

[0059] In an advantageous further development of the device according to the invention, it can be provided that the support section has an outer threaded carrier area as well as a drive area.

[0060] Preferably, the external thread is arranged and / or formed on the outer threaded support area.

[0061] The support section can be screwed into the surrounding area via the drive area, provided that the surrounding area has a complementary internal thread.

[0062] The drive area can be designed, for example, as an external hexagon and / or as an internal hexagon and / or external hexagon and / or internal hexagon.

[0063] The aforementioned modification of the device can be used in a clamping body for contacting transformers. Such a clamping body can, for example, contact the terminal bolt from the transformer by clamping it using screws.

[0064] Secondly, the device described above can be used to contact electrical conductors, lines and / or cables, provided that these are inserted into corresponding openings in the clamping body or contact body and clamped there with the device.

[0065] It may be provided that the external thread, especially if it is located on the outer thread part area, is designed as the special toothed thread described above.

[0066] It can be provided that the pitch of the external thread is 1. This allows the effective section to be advantageously large and have a large bearing surface.

[0067] It may be provided that the external thread is coated.

[0068] The coating can influence the contact force between the external thread and the surrounding area through its coefficient of friction.

[0069] It may be provided that the coating is PFAS-free, i.e., without per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances.

[0070] A coating can be omitted, particularly if the external thread is greased. A covering device, described later, can further reduce the risk of corrosion. To generate higher contact forces, the previously described special sawtooth thread can be used and / or a high-pressure resistant grease, especially for aluminum screws, can be applied.

[0071] In an advantageous further development of the device according to the invention, it can be provided that the support section has the outer threaded carrier area and the drive area, which are arranged coaxially and spaced apart by a circumferential groove.

[0072] The circumferential groove can be designed as an axial groove. Preferably, the circumferential groove is formed by axial plunge turning. The support section can be provided with an outer threaded carrier area and an inner drive area, which are arranged coaxially and spaced apart by a circumferential groove. Preferably, the inner drive area lies within the outer threaded carrier area.

[0073] It is particularly advantageous if the device is designed as a clamping screw.

[0074] Preferably, the device is designed as a clamping screw, in which the groove is provided parallel to a longitudinal axis of the screw, spaced apart from the tool engagement or channel or drive area required for the rotation of the screw.

[0075] Preferably, the indentation extends to just above a screw end where the working section is located.

[0076] This creates a partial area of ​​reduced thickness at the base of the screw body, forming the spring section and thus exhibiting elastic and / or spring properties. This area can also form the solid-state joint.

[0077] It may be provided that the inner drive area has at least one tool engagement surface.

[0078] Preferably, the tool engagement surface is designed as an internal hexagon for a standard tool with short pin wrenches and without a ball head.

[0079] Preferably, a long torque wrench with a large lever arm is used to actuate the inner drive area, which can reliably apply 20 Nm to 100 Nm.

[0080] It can be provided that the inner drive area is designed such that it can absorb torques from 20 Nm to 100 Nm without being damaged. In an advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, it can be provided that the support section and the working section are arranged at least partially coaxially one behind the other.

[0081] In particular, the functional section can be arranged coaxially behind the indentation. This allows the area of ​​reduced thickness, and thus the solid-state hinge or spring section, to be realized in a particularly advantageous manner.

[0082] The groove acts as a stress-relieving notch, thus reducing stress on the external thread. The axially extending and radially circumferential groove reduces the risk of damage to the external thread in the first thread turn, as viewed from the effective section and / or the spring section.

[0083] In particular, it may be provided that the indentation is selected in such a way that a central, internal part of the device or pressure screw simultaneously acts as a spring section.

[0084] In an advantageous further development of the device according to the invention, it can be provided that the working section is connected to the support section via a predetermined breaking point in such a way that the predetermined breaking point is broken when the support section is rotated into the surrounding area.

[0085] It is advantageous if the predetermined breaking point is designed as a bridge which breaks at a low torque.

[0086] In particular, it may be provided that the working section is designed as part of a pressure piece integrally molded onto the screw.

[0087] This allows for cost-effective manufacturing.

[0088] By separating the working section and in particular the pressure piece from the support section by breaking the predetermined breaking point, head friction can be deliberately created between the support section, especially in the form of a screw, and the pressure piece and / or the working section.

[0089] If the head friction is caused between the pressure piece encompassing the working section and the support section, which is preferably designed as a screw, the head friction can be adjusted independently of the conductor to be clamped or clamped, in particular by the presence of a suitable coating.

[0090] It may be provided that the working section is formed at the bottom of the pressure piece.

[0091] It can be provided that the active section is designed and configured as a flat support on the electrical conductor. In an advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, it can be provided that the spring section is formed by a bottom area of ​​the support section that extends at least partially laterally, in particular radially, from a longitudinal axis of the support section, and in particular is adjacent to the active section.

[0092] It is advantageous if the spring section, especially in the form of a disc spring, extends over the bottom area of ​​the support section, which is formed particularly at the bottom of the insertion.

[0093] It is particularly advantageous if a type of disc spring is formed via a bridge or in the bottom of the indentation.

[0094] It may be provided that the spring section is arranged between a radially outer part of the device, in particular the support section which, in the assembled state, is in engagement with the surrounding area, and a radially inner part.

[0095] In this case, the radially inner part preferably has the inner drive area and / or the tool engagement surfaces.

[0096] The inner drive area carries the working section and, in particular, the pressure piece encompassing the working section towards the electrical conductor to be clamped.

[0097] If the device is designed as a pressure screw, the spring section is pre-tensioned over the clamped conductor when the pressure screw is screwed in.

[0098] If settling losses occur at a later time in the threads and / or under the effective section, preferably located at the head of the pressure screw, the elastic spring section relaxes again.

[0099] The spring section is designed in such a way that the minimum force effect is not undercut despite the expected settling losses.

[0100] It can be provided that the vertical spring travel of the spring section is 0.05 mm to 3 mm, preferably 0.05 mm to 1 mm, particularly preferably 0.1 mm to 0.4 mm.

[0101] The spring travel can vary depending on the material of the spring section.

[0102] The spring travel can be defined, in particular, as an axial, elastic, and reversible deflection of the active section from its rest position under axial force, especially from 500 N to 5000 N, preferably from 1500 N to 4000 N. The axial force is preferably applied by screwing the external thread into a complementary internal thread in the surrounding area.

[0103] It may be provided that the spring travel is limited to less than 1 mm when using an aluminium alloy to form the device.

[0104] The inventors have recognized that the aforementioned values ​​are sufficient to better compensate for settling losses that can occur in the event of short circuits.

[0105] The inventors were able to demonstrate an influence of the spring travel both in the context of a mechanical test and in the context of an electrical aging test, in particular according to the standard IEC 61238-1-1.

[0106] In comparison to conventional devices of this type, it was found that the resistances or K-values ​​can show a significantly lower increase with the same parameters, such as component dimensions or conductor type. Furthermore, the resistances or K-values ​​can even decrease after a short circuit instead of increasing. It can therefore be assumed that the spring section is able to compensate for the settling after a short-circuit load.

[0107] In an advantageous further development of the device according to the invention, it can be provided that the spring section connects the outer threaded carrier area and the inner drive area.

[0108] This allows for an advantageously compact design of the device.

[0109] In an advantageous further development of the device according to the invention, it can be provided that at least one tensile structure is formed at least section by section between the spring section and / or the outer threaded support area and / or the inner drive area in the longitudinal section.

[0110] Preferably, the groove is designed such that the device, in particular in the form of a screw, is divided into the support section designed as an outer radial part, which preferably carries the external thread on the outside, and the radially inner part, the inner drive area.

[0111] Preferably, the inner drive area is designed such that an internal hexagon is provided for a tool drive.

[0112] It may be stipulated that the ring cross-section of the support section has a minimum width to prevent deformation during assembly and thus insufficient force application. The minimum width can be determined, in particular, depending on the alloy used to form the support section.

[0113] Preferably, the inner drive area can be designed to withstand the torsional forces occurring during screwing. These torsional forces are introduced into the inner drive area via a tool. Preferably, the inner drive area can have a minimum dimension and / or wall thickness to prevent breakage of the inner drive area or the screw drive.

[0114] The presence of at least one tension structure between the spring section and / or the outer threaded support area and / or the inner connection area prevents force peaks in the torsional forces when the device is screwed in. This ensures a uniform preload of the spring section.

[0115] Furthermore, the presence of at least one tension structure, in particular at least one tension triangle, prevents the application of force at a transition between the outer threaded support area and the inner drive area and the spring section connecting them, especially at the bottom of the groove. This allows for greater process reliability during assembly and / or operation of the device.

[0116] In an advantageous further development of the device according to the invention, it can be provided that the spring section is axially spaced from the longitudinal axis of the support section.

[0117] It is particularly advantageous if the spring section extends beyond the support section in the direction of the active section.

[0118] This results in a spring effect or an independent deflection capability of the spring section, independent of the mounting of the support section to the environment.

[0119] In an advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, it can be provided that the spring section is designed in such a way, in particular has such a material thickness and / or such elasticity, that the effective section can be deflected when the support section is supported in such a way that the minimum force effect is not undercut in the event of a deformation of the electrical conductor that is to be expected, in particular due to aging.

[0120] It may be provided that the electrical conductor is part of the device and / or the connection system described later. Preferably, the material used to form the spring section and the geometry of the spring section or its surroundings are designed such that a desired spring characteristic of the spring section is achieved.

[0121] In particular, it may be provided that a width and position of the puncture and / or a thickness of the spring section or the bottom of the puncture are specifically chosen.

[0122] Furthermore, the aforementioned parameters can be optimized using a static and / or a dynamic finite element method calculation.

[0123] Preferably, a distance to an irreversible plastic deformation of the device is determined, which must be maintained to avoid breakage of the device material.

[0124] The inventors have recognized that, in the embodiments described above, an arrangement can be defined which, with suitable design, can tolerate up to 3 mm of spring travel.

[0125] It may be stipulated that a maximum applicable torque for the assembly of the device be determined and observed during the assembly of the device.

[0126] The maximum torque to be applied is preferably determined, given a known contact force, via the coefficients of friction of the external thread, the surrounding area and the effective section.

[0127] It is advantageous if the maximum applicable torque is not exceeded, thereby avoiding entry into a plastic deformation zone, but allowing at least an almost complete utilization of an elastic area of ​​the spring section.

[0128] In an advantageous further development of the device according to the invention, it can be provided that the minimum force effect is determined in such a way that a contact resistance between the electrical conductor and a connecting partner is sufficiently small, provided that the force exceeds the minimum force effect.

[0129] By means of the embodiment described above, a sufficiently low electrical connection resistance from the conductor to the contact partner, and in particular to the surrounding area, can be ensured.

[0130] The device according to the invention, particularly when designed as a one-piece spring-loaded clamping screw, allows for significantly lower contact resistances to be achieved with only one screw compared to conventional connections. In particular, the inventors have recognized that when using the device according to the invention, the variation in contact resistances across an ensemble of devices is significantly lower than with conventional connection techniques.

[0131] A combination of the two advantages of the device according to the invention leads to a more durable product, which advantageously reduces the transformer's power loss. Furthermore, reducing power loss saves money and CO2 emissions.

[0132] The device may be designed such that the resistance ratio between a reference conductor and the conductor contacted by means of the device changes by less than 100%, preferably less than 70%, preferably less than 50%, and particularly preferably less than 25%, due to aging-related settling behavior.

[0133] Therefore, it can be provided that a contact resistance between the electrical conductor and the connection partner remains at least approximately unchanged, provided that the force exceeds the minimum force effect.

[0134] Furthermore, it may be provided that the transition resistance is considered to be approximately unchanged if it changes by less than 70%, preferably less than 50%, and particularly preferably less than 25% over a period of time due to settling behavior caused by aging and use.

[0135] In a general form, it may be provided that the insertion is designed as a recess and / or as a slot.

[0136] A particular advantage is that the device according to the invention for cushioning the contact point does not require an additional component.

[0137] Furthermore, the device according to the invention enables the application of a spring-loaded force independent of the conductor used, its dimensions, its material, and its position in a connecting body. Thus, the force acting on the conductor can be precisely adjusted using the device according to the invention.

[0138] The device, particularly when designed as a one-piece spring-loaded clamping screw, allows the desired spring tension for conductor contact to be precisely defined by the characteristics of the insertion. This enables cost-effective implementation without additional components.

[0139] The device may be made at least partially of aluminum, preferably high-strength aluminum. The components of the connection system may be made of different aluminum alloys. In particular, the clamping element and the device may be made of different alloys.

[0140] Alternatively, the entire device can be made from the aforementioned type of aluminum.

[0141] This eliminates the need to use other materials, such as steel and / or brass, so that the coefficient of thermal expansion of the device and the connection area, especially when it is located in a clamping body made of the same type of aluminum, is the same.

[0142] It may be intended that the electrical conductor is part of the connection system. In this case, the connection system can also be referred to as a power transmission system.

[0143] It may be provided that the electrical conductor is at least partially made of aluminum and / or an aluminum alloy.

[0144] If the electrical conductor is at least partially made of aluminum and / or an aluminum alloy, the contacting of the electrical conductor in the clamping body benefits particularly from the device and / or connection system according to the invention, since aluminum conductors exhibit rapid aging behavior and thus increased settling behavior.

[0145] Furthermore, a situation can be avoided in which, in a stressed state, a lower elongation of a steel must be compensated for via the spring section towards the conductor.

[0146] The use of the aforementioned aluminum type also prevents loosening or deformation of the threads by avoiding differential thermal expansion in the clamped joints. Such loosening and deformation can lead to further settling losses in the connection and negate the positive effect of the spring sections.

[0147] Furthermore, the preferably used aluminium is cheaper and more environmentally friendly than an equivalent piece of alternative free-cutting steel and / or brass due to its low specific weight.

[0148] Furthermore, when using high-strength aluminum, a coating for lubricating the external thread can be omitted.

[0149] Furthermore, no coating is necessary to prevent corrosion when used in ventilated indoor areas. However, use in ventilated indoor areas is the norm, especially when used in conjunction with transformers. It is particularly advantageous if the device according to the invention is covered with a hood, which will be described later.

[0150] The invention further relates to a method having the features mentioned in claim 16.

[0151] In the inventive method for exerting a force on a target area of ​​an electrical conductor, at least the following steps are carried out:

[0152] a) Supporting a support section against an surrounding area to dissipate the force, b) Attaching an effective section to the target area,

[0153] c) Applying a minimum force to the target area.

[0154] According to the invention, in step c) the working section is pressed resiliently against the target area by means of a spring section, wherein the spring section is formed integrally with the support section.

[0155] The method according to the invention allows for a mechanically secure clamping of the conductor, particularly when installed in a terminal.

[0156] If a conductor assembly of the electrical conductor to be installed, in particular a cable, is made up of several individual wires, by applying the minimum force effect in step c) all settling processes in the conductor and in the connection can preferably be at least partially compensated or at least partially dampened.

[0157] This has the advantage that, in an arrangement elastically braced according to the inventive method, no additional spring travel of the spring section needs to be provided for such settling losses over a further period of time.

[0158] This approach has the advantage that the elastic tension achieved by the spring section is at least almost completely available to compensate for operational flow behavior of the electrical conductor.

[0159] Preferably, at least approximately the entire effective section is pressed resiliently against the target area by means of at least one spring section.

[0160] Preferably, the steps are carried out in the aforementioned chronological order. However, other sequences may also be advantageous.

[0161] In an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, the spring section can be connected to the support section via at least one solid-body joint. It is advantageous if, when the conductor is clamped, the spring section is elastically deformed and thus stores clamping energy that can be released later. This ensures a permanently secure clamping of the conductor.

[0162] It is particularly advantageous if the device has an outer threaded carrier area or threaded body in the area of ​​the support section, into which the spring section transitions.

[0163] In an advantageous further development of the method according to the invention, it can be provided that the spring section in step c) is deflected in such a way that the minimum force effect is not undercut in the event of an expected deformation of the electrical conductor.

[0164] An advantage is that a predetermined minimum longitudinal tensile strength of the clamped or to-be-clamped conductor can be maintained without the clamping connection loosening and the conductor slipping out from under the effective section.

[0165] It is advantageous if the contact force between the active section and the conductor is kept constant over the largest possible spring travel of the spring section.

[0166] Preferably, the spring section therefore has a small spring constant and is used in a pre-stressed state with a relatively large deflection. Along the spring characteristic curve, the spring section is thus used in a range of large dimensions, high forces, but low spring constants.

[0167] This allows requirements from operational practice to be met, which necessitate elasticity in the mechanically prestressed elements after installation. The elasticity is characterized here by the contact force in the prestressed state and the resulting available working range of the elastic prestress.

[0168] In an advantageous further development of the method according to the invention, it can be provided that the minimum force effect is selected such that a contact resistance between the electrical conductor and a connecting partner remains sufficiently small, preferably at least approximately unchanged, if the force exceeds the minimum force effect.

[0169] The inventors recognized that a decrease in mechanical contact force leads to an increase in electrical connection resistance. This can potentially cause thermal failure of the connection if current is flowing.

[0170] The method described above prevents such an unacceptably high change in the clamping resistance. It can be provided that the device is tightened with a torque of 20 Nm to 100 Nm, preferably less than 80 Nm, during the method.

[0171] The invention further relates to a connection system with the features mentioned in claim 20.

[0172] The connection system according to the invention comprises a device according to the invention and a clamping body, wherein the support section can be fixed in a primary bore of the clamping body; and an electrical conductor can be inserted into a secondary bore of the clamping body in such a way that the target area can be arranged on the active section and acted upon by it with the minimum force effect.

[0173] Preferably, for cost reasons, only one device according to the invention is used per conductor.

[0174] It is particularly advantageous if conductor cross-sections of more than 16 mm² are used. 2 , preferably more than 95 mm 2 , especially more than 400 mm 2 can be used. This allows sufficient current carrying capacity to be achieved without connecting multiple cable conductors in parallel.

[0175] It is particularly advantageous if the connection system according to the invention is covered with a covering device.

[0176] The cover may be provided with a top-end hood, in particular for receiving the clamping element, and a bottom-end base. The bottom-end base may, in particular, have at least one bottom-end opening designed to receive an electrical component, in particular an insulating candle.

[0177] Preferably, the electrical component can be electrically connected to the clamping body.

[0178] The cover and base may be designed as two separable components which, when assembled, form a protective cover. A height adjustment mechanism with a locking device may be provided, enabling the cover and base to be positioned in such different orientations relative to each other that differently designed clamping elements and / or devices within a predefined mounting frame can be covered with just one cover.

[0179] The cover prevents corrosion of the clamping body and / or the device.

[0180] In particular, the corrosion-reducing effect of the cover makes it advantageous to forego coating the device, for example, even in outdoor applications. The locking mechanism can be provided with at least one detent, preferably located on the cover, which can be locked with a series of locking ribs arranged one behind the other, preferably located on the base.

[0181] It may be provided that the terminal block is designed in the form of a terminal block for a transformer.

[0182] Furthermore, the clamping body may be provided with individual contact points in the form of first and second receptacles for electrical conductors, such as transformer plugs and connecting cables. In particular, the contact points may be at least partially incorporated into boundary walls arranged between two opposing boundary walls of the clamping body, which in turn are free of first and second receptacles.

[0183] Furthermore, it may be provided that in two adjacent first boundary walls at least one first receptacle for the insertion of a conductor, such as a transformer candle, is provided and / or that in second boundary walls opposite these second boundary walls with the respective first receptacle, at least one second receptacle for a further conductor, such as a connecting cable, is provided.

[0184] The second image can be identified in particular by the secondary borehole described above.

[0185] The first borehole can also be referred to as the tertiary borehole.

[0186] It may also be provided that a free diameter of the first receptacles for the insertion of a conductor, such as the transformer candle, can be changed by means of a clamping device in the clamping body.

[0187] The device described above may be provided with a support section having a preferably circumferential chamfer and / or a circumferential bevel on a side facing the working section. Preferably, the chamfer and / or bevel extends radially outwards as a recess.

[0188] Preferably, the chamfer extends from an outer circumference of the support section over 5% to 50%, preferably 20% to 30% of a radius of the support section.

[0189] This enhances the spring action of the spring section and / or the solid-state joint by allowing, in particular, the adjustment of the material thickness of the base area, especially over a length and / or angle of the chamfer. Specifically, the chamfer may extend radially to below the groove. In the device described above, the outer threaded support area and / or the external thread may be partially formed and / or extend only over a portion of the support section. Specifically, a cylindrical section of the support section may be provided in the direction of the effective section, which the outer threaded section and / or the external thread preferably does not cover or leaves uncovered.

[0190] If the distance between an outer contour of the device and a conductor channel, especially at the secondary bore of the clamping body, is too large, the conductor may shift behind the active section and / or between the active section and the support section.

[0191] It may be provided that the effective section has at least approximately the same diameter as the cylindrical section.

[0192] Especially with fine-stranded electrical conductors, such as Class 5 conductors, an excessively large gap, depending on the conductor's cross-section, can lead to the undesirable fault pattern of individual strands moving laterally past the functional section and / or slipping past it. This dependence on the conductor cross-section stems from the fact that conductors with larger cross-sections are particularly prone to this movement. Smaller conductors, on the other hand, are advantageously fixed across their entire surface beneath the functional section.

[0193] The cylindrical section without an external thread prevents individual conductor strands that have passed behind the working section from being "pushed out" of the conductor channel, particularly the secondary bore, by the thread pitch of the external thread. In other words, it is advantageous if the external thread of the outer threaded support area is partially designed or formed. This allows individual conductors to move away from the working section and / or lie next to the screw. However, these individual conductors are not forced out of the conductor channel by the threads of the outer threaded support area.

[0194] It may be provided that the percentage ratio of the number and / or cross-section of the individual wires of the electrical conductor, which are deflected from the working section and / or pressed next to the screw, to the cross-section of the entire conductor is limited, preferably to less than 5%, preferably to less than 1%.

[0195] If an excessively high percentage of individual conductors deviate from the clamping section, there is a risk that insufficient force will be applied to the entire electrical conductor by the clamping section. This can result in the connection system failing necessary qualifications, particularly conductor pull-out tests. Furthermore, the visual impression of the electrical conductor's secure fixation can be compromised by "pushed-out" individual conductors. Users of the connection system often consider the visual appearance as a quality indicator of the conductor's connection to the clamping body, as it is impossible to assess without closer inspection whether too many individual conductors are being pushed out to the side of the screw.

[0196] The hood described above may in particular be a hood according to the German application DE 102024 001 958 A1.

[0197] Features described in connection with one of the subject matter of the invention, in particular the device, method, and connection system according to the invention, can also be advantageously implemented for the other subject matter of the invention. Advantages mentioned in connection with one of the subject matter of the invention can also be understood as relating to the other subject matter of the invention.

[0198] It should also be noted that terms such as "comprehensive," "exhibiting," or "with" do not exclude other characteristics or steps. Furthermore, terms such as "a" or "the," which indicate a singular number of steps or characteristics, do not exclude a plurality of characteristics or steps—and vice versa.

[0199] Exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in more detail below with reference to the drawing.

[0200] The figures each show preferred embodiments in which individual features of the present invention are combined with one another. Features of an embodiment can also be implemented independently of the other features of the same embodiment and can therefore be readily combined by a person skilled in the art to form further meaningful combinations and subcombinations with features of other embodiments.

[0201] In the figures, functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference symbols.

[0202] They show schematically:

[0203] Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a possible embodiment of a device according to the invention in a sectional view;

[0204] Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of the embodiment of the device according to the invention as shown in Figure 1 in a top view;

[0205] Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of another possible embodiment of a device according to the invention in a sectional view; Figure 4 shows a schematic representation of the embodiment of the device according to Figure 3 in a top view;

[0206] Figure 5 shows a block diagram representation of a possible embodiment of a method according to the invention;

[0207] Figure 6 shows a schematic representation of the embodiment of the device according to the invention as shown in Figure 1 in a perspective view from above;

[0208] Figure 7 shows a schematic representation of the embodiment of the device according to the invention as shown in Figure 1 in a perspective view from below;

[0209] Figure 8 shows a schematic representation of the embodiment of the device according to the invention as shown in Figure 1 in a perspective sectional view;

[0210] Figure 9 shows a schematic representation of the embodiment of the device according to the invention as shown in Figure 3 in a perspective view from above;

[0211] Figure 10 shows a schematic representation of the embodiment of the device according to the invention as shown in Figure 3 in a perspective view from below;

[0212] Figure 11 shows a schematic representation of the embodiment of the device according to the invention as shown in Figure 3 in a perspective sectional view;

[0213] Figure 12 shows a schematic representation of a possible embodiment of a connection system according to the invention in a sectional view;

[0214] Figure 13 shows a schematic representation of the embodiment of the connection system according to the invention as shown in Figure 12 in a top view;

[0215] Figure 14 shows a schematic representation of the embodiment of the connection system according to the invention as shown in Figure 12 in a perspective view;

[0216] Figure 15 shows a schematic representation of another possible embodiment of the connection system according to the invention in a sectional view;

[0217] Figure 16 shows a schematic representation of the embodiment of the connection system according to Figure 15 in a top view; Figure 17 shows a schematic representation of a possible embodiment of a clamping element for the connection system according to the invention in a perspective view;

[0218] Figure 18 is a schematic representation of an enlargement of a section of the representation of the device according to the invention as shown in Figure 1;

[0219] Figure 19 shows a schematic representation of another possible embodiment of the device according to the invention in a side view;

[0220] Figure 20 shows a schematic representation of the embodiment of the device according to the invention as shown in Figure 19 in a sectional view;

[0221] Figure 21 shows a schematic representation of the embodiment of the device according to the invention as shown in Figure 19 in a top view; and

[0222] Figure 22 shows a schematic representation of the embodiment of the device according to the invention as shown in Figure 19 in a perspective view.

[0223] Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a possible embodiment of a device 1 for exerting a force 2, which is represented as an arrow in Figure 1, on a target area 3 of an electrical conductor 4.

[0224] Figure 1 shows a sectional view of the device 1.

[0225] The device 1 comprises at least one working section 5 for attachment to the target area 3 and for applying a minimum force effect to the target area 3.

[0226] Furthermore, the device 1 comprises at least one support section 6 for support against an surrounding area 7 in order to dissipate the force 2.

[0227] Furthermore, the device 1 has a spring section 8 which is designed to press the working section 5 resiliently against the target area 3, wherein the spring section 8 is formed integrally with the support section 6.

[0228] In the embodiment of the device 1 shown in Figure 1, the spring section 8 is preferably connected to the support section 6 via at least one rigid joint 9. In particular, in the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the spring section 8 and the rigid joint 9 coincide. Furthermore, in the embodiment shown in Figure 1, preferably at least the support section 6 and the spring section 8 are formed monolithically. The monolithic design is indicated by the hatching.

[0229] Particularly preferred, and also realized in the embodiment according to Figure 1, are the support section 6, the spring section 8 and the working section 5 formed monolithically together.

[0230] In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the support section 6 is also formed on the outer shell side of the device 1.

[0231] In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the support section 6 preferably also has an external thread 10.

[0232] As can be seen from the illustration in Figure 1, the support section 6 also has an outer threaded carrier area 11, on which the external thread 10 is preferably arranged. Furthermore, the support section 6 preferably has a drive area 12.

[0233] According to the embodiment of the device 1 shown in Figure 1, the support section 6 has both the outer threaded carrier area 11 and the inner drive area 12, which are arranged coaxially and spaced apart by a circumferential groove 13.

[0234] The circumferential indentation 13 is preferably designed as a flat indentation for production purposes and is therefore at least partially straight on its lower bottom area.

[0235] Furthermore, it can be seen from the embodiment according to Figure 1 that the support section 6 and the working section 5 are arranged at least partially coaxially one behind the other.

[0236] Furthermore, it can be seen from the embodiment of the device 1 shown in Figure 1 that the working section 5 is connected to the section 6 via a predetermined breaking point 14 such that when the support section 6 is turned into the surrounding area 7, the predetermined breaking point 14 is broken, in particular when a minimum torque is reached.

[0237] Furthermore, it can be seen from Figure 1 that the spring section 8 is preferably formed at least partially laterally, in particular radially, from a longitudinal axis 15 of the support section 6, in particular adjacent to the working section 5, the bottom area 16 of the support section 6.

[0238] Furthermore, the spring section 8 preferably connects the outer threaded support area 11 and the inner drive area 12. In addition, it can be seen from the embodiment of the device 1 according to Figure 1 that a tensile structure 17 is preferably formed at least section by section between the spring section 8 and the outer threaded support area 11 and the inner drive area 12 in longitudinal section.

[0239] Furthermore, it becomes apparent that the drive area 12 has a drive interface on which the tool engagement surfaces 19 are formed. In particular, the tool engagement surfaces 19 are designed as engagement surfaces for a separate tool.

[0240] The drive area 12 thus serves as a mechanical drive interface.

[0241] The spring section 8 is axially spaced from the longitudinal axis 15 or the longitudinal extent of the support section 6.

[0242] In the embodiment of the device 1 shown in Figure 1, the spring section 8 is preferably designed such that the effective section 5 can be deflected when the support section 6 is supported on the surrounding area 7 in such a way that the minimum force effect is not undercut in the event of a deformation of the electrical conductor 4 that is to be expected, in particular due to aging.

[0243] For the appropriate design of spring section 8, it may in particular have a corresponding material thickness and / or a corresponding elasticity.

[0244] In the embodiment of the device 1 shown in Figure 1, the minimum force effect is further determined such that a contact resistance between the electrical conductor 4 and a connecting partner 18 is sufficiently small, provided that the force 2 exceeds the minimum force effect.

[0245] According to the embodiment of the device 1 shown in Figure 1, the working section 5 is arranged on or formed by a pressure piece 5a. The pressure piece 5a is connected to the support section 6 via the predetermined breaking point 14 and is otherwise set off from the support section 6.

[0246] A schematic representation of an enlargement of a section 17a from the representation of the device 1 for further explanation of the tensile structure 17 is shown in Figure 18.

[0247] Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of the embodiment of the device 1 in Figure 1 in a top view.

[0248] Figure 2 shows the section line AA, according to which the sectional view is taken in Figure 1. From the representation in Figure 2, it can be seen that the support section 6 is preferably at least partially cylindrical.

[0249] Furthermore, it can be seen that the support section 6 has the outer threaded part 11 and the inner drive area 12, which are arranged coaxially and spaced apart by the circumferential groove 13.

[0250] In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the inner drive area 12 preferably has an internal hexagon.

[0251] Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of another possible embodiment of the device 1 in a sectional view.

[0252] In the embodiment shown in Figure 3, the working section 5, the spring section 8, and the solid-body joint 9 are formed integrally as the base section 16. An inner drive section 12 is not provided.

[0253] A tool engagement surface 19 is preferably provided at an upper end on the inside of the threaded carrier area 11.

[0254] In an alternative embodiment not shown, the tool engagement surface 19 can be provided on the outside of the threaded carrier area 11.

[0255] Regarding the other reference symbols, please refer to Figures 1 and 2.

[0256] Figure 4 shows a schematic representation of the embodiment of the device 1 according to Figure 3 in a top view.

[0257] Again, the sectional view shown in Figure 3 is to be understood along the section line AA.

[0258] From the top view according to Figure 4, it can be seen that the tool engagement surface 19 is preferably arranged directly on the inside of the threaded carrier area 11.

[0259] With particular reference to Figure 1, it should be noted that the connecting partner 18, the conductor 4 and the surrounding area 7 do not belong to the device 1 in the general form of the device 1.

[0260] Regarding the other reference symbols, please refer to Figures 1 to 3.

[0261] Figure 5 shows a block diagram representation of a possible embodiment of a method for exerting the force 2 on the target area 3 of the electrical conductor 4. In a support block 30, the support section 6 is supported against the surrounding area 7 in order to dissipate the force 2, with the surrounding area 7 exerting a reaction force in the opposite direction to the force 2.

[0262] In plant block 31, the functional section 5 is installed in the target area 3.

[0263] In a force block 32, a minimum force effect is applied to the target area 3.

[0264] It is provided that, within the framework of the plant block 31 and / or the force block 32, the working section 5 is pressed resiliently against the target area 3 by means of the spring section 6, wherein the spring section 8 is formed integrally with the support section 6.

[0265] For this purpose, the spring section 8 is preferably connected to the support section 6 via the at least one solid body joint 9.

[0266] Within the force block 32, the spring section 8 is preferably deflected in such a way that the minimum force effect is not undercut in the event of an expected deformation of the electrical conductor 4.

[0267] Furthermore, in the embodiment shown in Figure 5, the minimum force effect is preferably chosen such that the contact resistance between the electrical conductor 4 and the connecting partner 18 remains sufficiently small, and particularly preferably at least approximately unchanged, as long as the force 2 exceeds the minimum force effect.

[0268] Figure 6 shows a schematic representation of the embodiment of the device 1 according to Figure 1 in a perspective view from above.

[0269] Regarding the reference symbols, please refer to Figures 1 and 2.

[0270] The embodiment shown in Figure 6 shows that the device 1 is preferably rotationally symmetrical.

[0271] In particular, in the embodiment shown in Figure 6, the device 1 with the tool engagement surface 19, which is designed as an internal hexagon, is circularly symmetrical.

[0272] Figure 7 shows a schematic representation of the embodiment of the device 1 according to Figure 1 in a perspective view from below. It can be seen from the representation of Figure 7 that the device 1 preferably has the pressure piece 5a.

[0273] Regarding the reference symbols, please refer to Figures 1 and 2.

[0274] Figure 8 shows a schematic representation of the embodiment of the device 1 according to Figure 1 in a perspective sectional view.

[0275] It can be seen that in the embodiment shown in Figure 8, an inner area of ​​the drive area 12 is hollow, with the bottom of the drive area 12 transitioning into the predetermined breaking points 14 at its edges.

[0276] Furthermore, it can be seen from the embodiment shown in Figure 8 that the tool engagement surfaces 19 preferably extend approximately 10 mm along the longitudinal extent of the drive area 12.

[0277] Furthermore, it can be seen from the illustration in Figure 8 that the drive section 12 is designed to absorb torsional forces. Preferably, the drive section and / or the tension structure 17 is designed such that it can absorb torques from 20 Nm to 100 Nm, preferably less than 80 Nm, without undergoing deformation.

[0278] Figure 9 shows a schematic representation of the embodiment of the device 1 according to Figure 3 in a perspective view from above.

[0279] The embodiment according to Figure 9 does not show a pressure piece 5a set off from the support section 6 and therefore no predetermined breaking points 14.

[0280] Figure 10 shows a schematic representation of the embodiment of the device 1 according to Figure 3 in a perspective view from below.

[0281] The illustration in Figure 10 shows that the functional section 5 is integrally formed with the spring section 8 or the solid body joint 9.

[0282] Regarding the reference symbols mentioned, please refer to the preceding figures.

[0283] Figure 11 shows a schematic representation of the embodiment of the device 1 according to Figure 3 in a perspective sectional view.

[0284] Particularly in comparison with Figure 8, it becomes apparent that the internal hexagon of the tool engagement surfaces 19 has a larger diameter than in the embodiment according to Figure 1. Alternatively or additionally, undercuts can be formed, thereby creating the same wrench surface as in the embodiment shown in Figure 8.

[0285] Furthermore, in Figure 11, the deflection of the spring section 8 or the bottom area 16 in the case of force being applied to the target area 3 is shown in an exaggerated form by dashed lines in the bottom area 16.

[0286] In the embodiment of Figure 11, it can be provided that the bottom area 16 has a wall thickness of 5% to 30%, preferably 17% to 25%, of a radius of the support section 6.

[0287] In the embodiment of Figure 11, it may be provided that the bottom area 16 or the effective section 5 has a convex curvature in the direction of the target area 3, which corresponds to half the wall thickness of the bottom area 16.

[0288] Figure 12 shows a schematic representation of a possible embodiment of a connection system 40.

[0289] The connection system 40 comprises the device 1 as described in connection with Figures 1 to 11, and a clamping element 41.

[0290] Here, the support section 6 of the device 1 can be fixed in a primary bore 42 of the clamping body 40.

[0291] Furthermore, the electrical conductor 4 can be inserted into a secondary bore 43 of the clamping body 41 in such a way that the target area 3 can be arranged on or under the effective section 5 and can be subjected to the minimum force effect by it.

[0292] Preferably, in the embodiment shown in Figure 12, the primary bore 42 has an internal thread 44.

[0293] The secondary bore 43 preferably has a contact geometry 45 which facilitates contact between the conductor 4 and the clamping body 41.

[0294] Furthermore, in the embodiment shown in Figure 12, the contact geometry 45 preferably comprises contact grooves.

[0295] In an embodiment not shown, the contact geometry 45 can alternatively or additionally have pyramids. Figure 13 shows a schematic representation of the embodiment of the connection system 40 according to Figure 12 in a top view.

[0296] The sectional view of Figure 12 is to be understood along the section line CC in Figure 13.

[0297] Figure 13 also shows the relative proportions of the preferred embodiment between the device 1 and the clamping body 41.

[0298] Figure 14 shows a schematic representation of the embodiment of the connection system 40 according to Figure 12 in a perspective view.

[0299] As can be seen from the representation in Figure 14, the primary bore 42 and the secondary bore 43 are preferably perpendicular to each other.

[0300] Furthermore, Figure 14 shows that the connection system 40 can have a plurality of devices 1 as well as a plurality of secondary bores 43 or primary bores 42. In the representations of the connection system 40 according to Figures 12 to 14, the connection system 40 comprises the embodiment of the device 1 according to Figure 1.

[0301] Figure 15 shows a schematic representation of another possible embodiment of the connection system 40 in a sectional view.

[0302] In comparison to the embodiments according to Figures 12 to 14, the connection system 40 in the embodiment shown in Figure 15 has the device 1 in its embodiment according to Figure 3.

[0303] Furthermore, Figure 15 shows a configuration in which conductors 4 are inserted into both secondary bores 43.

[0304] In the embodiment of the connection system 40, the clamping body 41 and / or the device 1 also acts as a connection partner 18 of the conductor 4.

[0305] Regarding the reference symbols, please refer to the preceding figures.

[0306] Figure 16 shows a schematic representation of the embodiment of the connection system 40 according to Figure 15 in a top view.

[0307] Figure 16 shows that the conductor 4, which is inserted into the upper secondary bore 43, can run above the lower device 1. For further reference numerals, please refer to the preceding figures.

[0308] The sectional view according to Figure 15 is to be understood as a section along the section line BB of Figure 16.

[0309] Figure 17 shows a schematic representation of a possible embodiment of the clamping body 41 for the connection system 40 in a perspective view.

[0310] The clamping element 41 according to Figure 17 corresponds to the clamping elements 41 shown in Figures 16 and 14, but without the device 1. It can be seen from the illustration in Figure 17 that the secondary bores 43 and the primary bores 42 are preferably perpendicular to each other. Figure 18 shows a schematic representation of an enlarged section 17a from the illustration of the device 1 according to Figure 1.

[0311] Figure 18 shows a preferred embodiment of the tensile structure 17 in an enlarged view.

[0312] The representation according to Figure 18 shows that the tensile structure 17 is formed by a deviation from a virtual, perpendicular execution of the insertion 13, shown in dashed lines.

[0313] The train structure 17 is preferably designed as a polygonal train between the dashed lines, wherein each connecting section of the polygonal train takes a different angle to a vertical inner wall of the indentation 13 and wherein the angle becomes smaller for radially more outwardly located connecting sections.

[0314] In the embodiment shown in Figure 18, the train structure 17 has three connecting sections or four points of the polygonal train.

[0315] The train structure 17 can therefore be viewed as a superposition of three train triangles, each with different angles.

[0316] Alternatively or additionally, the train structure 17 can be formed as a single train triangle, i.e. as a polygonal train with only one connecting track.

[0317] Figure 19 shows a schematic representation of another possible embodiment of the device 1 in a side view.

[0318] As can be seen from the illustration in Figure 19, in the device 1, the support section 6 has a preferably circumferential chamfer 20 and / or a circumferential bevel on a side of the base area 16 facing the working section 5. Preferably, the chamfer 20 and / or the bevel extends radially outwards as a recess. Preferably, the chamfer 20 extends from an outer circumference of the support section 6 over 5% to 50%, preferably 20% to 30% of a radius of the support section 6.

[0319] Furthermore, it becomes apparent that in the device 1, the outer threaded support area 11 and / or the external thread 10 are preferably partially formed and / or extend only over a partial area of ​​the support section 6. Preferably, a cylindrical section 21 of the support section 6 is provided in the direction of the effective section 5, which the outer threaded section 11 and / or the external thread 10 preferably do not cover or leave uncovered.

[0320] It may be provided that the functional section 5 has at least approximately the same diameter as the cylinder section 21.

[0321] Regarding the other reference symbols, please refer to Figures 1 to 18.

[0322] Figure 20 shows a schematic representation of the embodiment of the device 1 according to Figure 19 in a sectional view along the section line DD in Figure 19.

[0323] It becomes apparent that the indentation 13 is preferably an axial indentation.

[0324] Regarding the other reference symbols, please refer to Figures 1 to 19.

[0325] Figure 21 shows a schematic representation of the embodiment of the device 1 according to Figure 19 in a top view.

[0326] As can be seen from the illustration in Figure 21, the circumferential tension structure 17 is preferably formed radially inside the bottom of the indentation 13 to receive a twisting torque during the assembly of the device 1.

[0327] Regarding the other reference symbols, please refer to Figures 1 to 20.

[0328] Figure 22 shows a schematic representation of the embodiment of the device 1 according to Figure 19 in a perspective view.

[0329] For further reference symbols, please refer to Figures 1 to 21. List of reference symbols

[0330] 1 Device

[0331] 2 Force

[0332] 3 Target area

[0333] 4 electrical conductors

[0334] 5. Effective section

[0335] 5a Printing piece

[0336] 6 Support section

[0337] 7 Surrounding area 8 Spring section

[0338] 9 Solid body joint

[0339] 10 external threads

[0340] 11 Threaded carrier area 12 Drive area

[0341] 13 punctures

[0342] 14 Breakaway point

[0343] 15 Longitudinal axis

[0344] 16 Floor area

[0345] 17 Train structure

[0346] 17a Excerpt

[0347] 18 Connection partner 19 Tool engagement surface 20 Chamfer

[0348] 21 Cylinder section

[0349] 30 Support block 31 Mounting block

[0350] 32 Power block

[0351] 40 Connection system 41 Clamping body

[0352] 42 Primary borehole

[0353] 43 Secondary bore 44 Internal thread

[0354] 45 Contact geometry

Claims

34 Patent claims 1. Device (1) for exerting a force (2) on a target area (3) of an electrical conductor (4), comprising at least: an effective section (5) for attachment to the target area (3) and for applying a minimum force effect to the target area (3), and a support section (6) for support against an surrounding area (7) in order to dissipate the force (2), characterized by the fact that a spring section (8) is present and arranged to press the working section (5) resiliently against the target area (3), wherein the spring section (8) is formed integrally with the support section (6).

2. Device (1) according to claim 1 , characterized by the fact that the spring section (8) is connected to the support section (6) via at least one solid body joint (9).

3. Device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that at least the support section (6) and the spring section (8) are monolithic, preferably the support section (6), the spring section (8) and the working section (5) are monolithic.

4. Device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by the fact that the support section (6) is formed on the outer shell side.

5. Device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by the fact that the support section (6) is at least partially cylindrical and / or has an external thread (10).

6. Device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by the fact that the support section (6) has an outer threaded carrier area (11) and a drive area (12).

7. Device (1) according to claim 6, characterized by the fact that 35 the support section (6) has the outer threaded carrier area (11) and the drive area (12), which are arranged coaxially and spaced apart by a circumferential groove (13).

8. Device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by the fact that the support section (6) and the working section (5) are arranged at least partially coaxially one behind the other.

9. Device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by the fact that the working section (5) is connected to the support section (6) via a predetermined breaking point (14) such that the predetermined breaking point (14) is broken when the support section (6) is rotated into the surrounding area (7).

10. Device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by the fact that the spring section (8) is formed by a bottom area (16) of the support section (6) which extends at least partially laterally, in particular radially, from a longitudinal axis (15) of the support section (6) and is particularly adjacent to the working section (5).

11. Device (1) according to any one of claims 6 to 10, characterized by the fact that the spring section (8) connects the outer threaded carrier area (11) and the inner drive area (12).

12. Device (1) according to any one of claims 6 to 11 , characterized by the fact that between the spring section (8) and / or the outer threaded support area (11) and / or the inner drive area (12) in the longitudinal section at least a tensile structure (17) is formed at least section by section.

13. Device (1) according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized by the fact that the spring section (8) is axially spaced from the longitudinal axis (15) of the support section (6).

14. Device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized by the fact that the spring section (8) is designed in such a way, in particular having such a material thickness and / or such elasticity, that the effective section (5) can be deflected when supported by the support section (6) in such a way that the minimum force effect is not undercut in the event of an expected deformation of the electrical conductor (4), in particular due to aging.

15. Device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized by the fact that the minimum force effect is determined such that a contact resistance between the electrical conductor (4) and a connecting partner (18) is sufficiently small, provided that the force (2) exceeds the minimum force effect.

16. Method for exerting a force (2) on a target area (3) of an electrical conductor (4), comprising at least the following steps: a) Supporting a support section (6) against an surrounding area (7) to transfer the force (2), b) Installation of an active section (5) at the target area (3), c) Applying a minimum force effect to the target area (3), characterized by the fact that The working section (5) is pressed resiliently against the target area (3) by means of a spring section (8), wherein the spring section (8) is formed integrally with the support section (6).

17. Method according to claim 16, characterized by the fact that the spring section (8) is connected to the support section (6) via at least one solid body joint (9).

18. Method according to claim 16 or 17, characterized by the fact that the spring section (8) is deflected in step c) such that the minimum force effect is not undercut in the event of an expected deformation of the electrical conductor (4).

19. Method according to any one of claims 16 to 18, characterized by the fact that The minimum force effect is chosen such that a contact resistance between the electrical conductor (4) and a connecting partner (18) remains sufficiently small, preferably at least approximately unchanged, if the force (2) exceeds the minimum force effect.

20. Connection system (40) comprising a device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 15 and a clamping element (41), wherein the support section (6) can be fixed in a primary bore (42) of the clamping body (41), and an electrical conductor (4) can be inserted in a secondary bore (43) of the clamping body (41) such that the target area (3) can be arranged on the active section (5) and can be acted upon by it with the minimum force effect.

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