Multi-driver audio headphone system and related methods

Abstract

The audio system described may include: an acoustic device; and a plurality of bone-conduction transducers configured to transmit incoming signals using bone conduction drivers, wherein the bone-conduction transducers include at least one bone-conduction transducer operating at a treble frequency range.

Description

[0001] MULTI-DRIVER AUDIO HEADPHONE SYSTEM AND RELATED METHODS

[0002] TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The invention relates generally to audio systems and more particularly to audio systems with bone conduction and digital signal processing for enhanced auditory perception.

[0004] BACKGROUND

[0005] The field of audio technology has seen significant advancements over the years, particularly in the realm of personal audio devices such as headphones and earplugs. Traditional headphones primarily rely on aural drivers to deliver sound directly to the ear canal, which can sometimes limit the range of frequencies that are effectively perceived by the listener. This limitation is particularly evident in the higher frequency ranges, where traditional headphones may struggle to deliver clear and accurate sound. Additionally, prolonged exposure to high amplitude sounds, especially at low frequencies, can lead to potential ear damage, raising concerns about the long-term health implications of using such devices.

[0006] SUMMARY

[0007] In some examples, an audio system may include an acoustic device and a plurality of boneconduction (BC) transducers configured to transmit incoming signals using BC drivers, wherein the BC transducers include at least one bone-conduction transducer operating at a treble frequency range.

[0008] In some examples, the audio system may further include at least one BC transducer operating at a bass frequency range. The acoustic device may include an aural driver and may be selected from the group consisting of over-ear headphones, on-ear headphones, in-ear headphones, or earplugs.

[0009] In some examples, the audio system may feature a multi-driver configuration comprising an aural driver in the acoustic device, a treble BC transducer, and a bass BC transducer. A digital signal processor (DSP) having a multi-channel output may connect to the plurality of bone-conduction transducers and the aural driver, with the DSP being capable of at least four-channel output. The DSP may include a 90 dB headroom (DNR), latency adjustments to the processed signal of up to 15 milliseconds, and high-pass and low-pass crossovers for the BC transducers to allow for custom frequency ranges.

[0010] In some examples, the system may include a plurality of audio amplifiers configured to amplify audio signals to drive the BC transducers, with at least one Class D amplifier for low-frequency drivers and one Class AB amplifier for high-frequency drivers. The acoustic device may be a pair of over-ear headphones including aural drivers and treble and bass BC transducers attached to the headphones. Alternatively, the acoustic device may be a pair of active earplugs configured to block aural waves, with treble and / or bass BC transducers attached to the active earplugs.

[0011] In some examples, a signal transmitted to the BC transducers may be received from at least one microphone or through a wired or wireless input. The DSP may enable the system to operate in a hearing aid mode for assisting individuals with hearing loss or a concert mode for use in noisy environments. In both modes, active earplugs may reduce ambient noise while powering BC drivers to provide clearer perception of high frequencies. These modes may further be configured to minimize potential ear damage in noisy environments, with the concert mode providing enhanced clarity for high frequencies above 7 kHz.

[0012] In some examples, the treble frequency range of the BC transducers may be approximately 7 kHz to 22 kHz, and the bass frequency range may be approximately 20 Hz to 120 Hz. The BC transducers may be positioned on the user's head at locations such as the temporal bone, forehead, occipital bone, or mandible, with bass BC transducers optionally attached to the acoustic device.

[0013] In some examples, the DSP may introduce delays to audio signals, including a bass transducer signal delayed by 0 ms, an aural driver signal delayed by 10-15 ms relative to the bass signal, and a treble transducer signal advanced by 0.50-1.50 ms relative to the aural driver signal or delayed by 11.10-12.10 ms relative to the bass signal. The system may also extend the perceivable audio spectrum of a user and provide significant ambient noise reduction, blocking aural signals by at least 9 dB(A).

[0014] In some examples, the system may further include a microphone array with at least two microphones configured to receive external audio signals. It may also include an external signalinput for receiving wired or wireless audio signals, such as radio frequency-based analog or digital modulated signals.

[0015] In some examples, the system may include a software application configured to adjust the DSP’s high-frequency crossover circuitry, adapt the crossover circuitry to the user’s hearing capacities, detect key roll-off frequencies, and modify predefined circuitry for various crossover templates. This may allow for significant correction of frequencies above 7 kHz or 14 kHz based on the user’s needs.

[0016] In some examples, methods may include configuring a multi-driver audio system in a hearing aid mode to assist individuals with hearing loss, reducing ambient noise using earplugs, and providing clearer perception of high frequencies using BC transducers. Other methods may include configuring the system in a concert mode for use in noisy environments or assisting individuals with hearing loss by transmitting signals to BC transducers and reducing ambient noise.

[0017] This Summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that may be further described in the Detailed Description below. It may be understood that this Summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the disclosure, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the disclosure. The details of one or more embodiments disclosed herein may be set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features will be apparent from the description and drawings.

[0018] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Non-limiting embodiments disclosed herein are described below with reference to figures attached hereto that are listed following this paragraph, identical structures, elements or parts that appear in more than one figure are generally labeled with the same numeral in all the figures in which they appear. When similar reference numerals are shown, corresponding description(s) are not repeated, and the interested reader is referred to the previously discussed figure(s) for a description of the like element(s). The drawings and descriptions are meant to illuminate and clarify embodiments disclosed herein, but should not be considered limiting in any way. In particular, variations and modifications apparent to those skilled in the art may be considered without departing from the claimed scope.FIG. 1A illustrates components of an audio system according to some examples.

[0020] FIG. IB illustrates components of a digital signal processor according to some examples. FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method for configuring a multi -driver audio system according to some examples.

[0021] FIGS. 3A and 3B are illustrative drawings showing an audio system worn by a listener according to some examples.

[0022] DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In response to the above challenges, there has been a growing interest in exploring alternative methods of sound transmission, such as bone conduction technology. Bone conduction (BC) bypasses the eardrum by transmitting sound vibrations directly to the cochlea through the bones of the skull. This method not only opens up the possibility of perceiving a wider range of frequencies but also offers a safer listening experience by reducing the risk of ear damage. The integration of digital signal processing (DSP) further enhances the potential of these technologies by allowing for precise control over sound output, enabling the fine-tuning of audio signals to better match the listener's auditory profile. As the demand for high-quality, safe, and versatile audio solutions continues to grow, innovations in multi-driver systems that combine these technologies are becoming increasingly relevant.

[0024] Described herein are acoustic devices such as over-ear, on-ear, in-ear headphones, and earplugs, augmented by introducing one or more BC drivers, which may complement a full-range auditory signal (or an attenuated earplug signal). The system may utilize multiple audio drivers, including standard aural drivers for traditional headphone playback, as well as additional BC transducers that operate at differing frequency ranges including treble frequencies and bass frequencies. The terms driver and transducer are used interchangeably herein.

[0025] FIG. 1A illustrates components of an audio system 100 according to some examples. In some examples, audio system 100 may include one or more of treble BC transducers 110, bass BC transducers 112, an acoustic device 120, a digital signal processor (DSP) 130, one or more amplifiers 132, and a power source 156. FIG. IB illustrates components of DSP 130 according to some examples. It should be appreciated that FIG. IB is illustrative and not all of the components shown may be implemented or various combinations of the components shown may beimplemented. In some examples, audio system 100 may also include one or more of an external input 152 and a microphone 154. In some examples, acoustic device 120 may include aural drivers 122 and an acoustic device chassis 124. In some examples, system 100 may include a control application (app) 150.

[0026] BC transducers 110 and 112 may operate across different frequency ranges, such as treble (transducers 110) and bass (transducers 112) frequencies. In some examples, only one or two treble BC transducers 110 may be provided. In some examples, only one treble BC transducer 110 or bass BC transducer 112 may be provided. In some examples, combinations of different numbers of BC transducers 110 and 112 may be provided. As shown in FIG. 1, two of treble BC transducer 110-1 and 110-2 and two of bass BC transducer 112-1 and 112-2 are provided but this example should not be considered limiting.

[0027] In some examples, treble BC transducer 110 may be configured to operate at high frequency ranges, potentially between 7 kHz to 22 kHz to extend the perceivable audio spectrum for a user, by providing a clearer perception of high frequencies. In some examples, bass BC transducer 112 may function at lower frequency ranges, such as between 20 Hz to 120 Hz. This dual-frequency operation may allow system 100 to extend the perceivable audio spectrum for a user, enhancing the auditory experience by providing a clearer perception of high frequencies and improved bass extension.

[0028] In some examples, treble BC transducers 110 may transmit high frequencies through, for example, the temporal bone such as by being pressed against the listener’s skin, behind the back of the ears or alternatively just above and slightly in front of the listener's ear. In some examples, treble BC transducers 110 may include smaller diameter BC drivers for ultra-high-frequency signal reproduction. In a non-limiting example, smaller diameter BC drivers may have a radius of 10-15mm and have a maximum power rating of at least 0.5W / 8Q.

[0029] In some examples, bass BC drivers 112 may transmit low frequencies through BC as well as excitement of the resonation chambers of acoustic device 120 (such as headphones) by being coupled to the chassis 124 of acoustic device 120. In some examples, bass BC transducers may thus enhance bass perception without overwhelming aural drivers 122 of acoustic device 120. In non-limiting examples, the larger diameter, high power rating transducers used for bass BC transducers 112 may have a diameter between 15-25mm and a max power rated at least 1.5W / 4Q. Bass BC transducers 112 may be coupled to chassis 124 using a suitable adhering or attachmentmeans. In some examples, the attachment means is configurable to suit different headphone or earbud chassis 124 styles / types / sizes.

[0030] DSP 130 may be a computing device as defined herein. DSP 130 may include a processor 134 that may manage the operation of the components of system 100 and may direct the flow of data between the components of system 100. DSP 130 and the modules and components that are included in system 100 may include or may be in communication with a non -transitory computer readable medium such as memory (not shown) containing instructions that when executed by at least one processor are configured to perform the functions and / or operations necessary to provide the functionality described herein. Where system 100 may be said herein to provide specific functionality or perform actions, it should be understood that the functionality or actions are performed by DSP 130 that may call on other components of system 100. DSP 130 may be implemented by various types of processor devices and / or processor architectures including, for example, embedded processors, communication processors, graphics processing unit (GPU), softcore processors and / or embedded processors. DSP 130 may include analog-to-digital (ADC) and digital-to-analog (DAC) converters (not shown).

[0031] BC transducers 110 and / or 112 may be connected to DSP 130, which may manage the audio signals and ensure that transducers 110 and / or 112 operate efficiently within their designated frequency ranges. In some examples, DSP 130 may include high-pass and low-pass crossovers, allowing for custom frequency ranges to be set for BC transducers 110 and / or 112. DSP configuration may enable system 100 to adapt to various auditory needs, such as a hearing aid mode (described below) or concert mode (described below), where ambient noise reduction and high-frequency clarity may be prioritized.

[0032] In some examples, bone-conduction transducers 110 and / or 112 may be driven by audio amplifiers 132 (here shown as two amplifiers 132-1 and 132-2), which may be configured to amplify audio signals specifically for transducers 110 and / or 112. In some examples, amplifiers 132 may include at least one Class D amplifier for low frequency drivers 112, and, in some examples, amplifiers may include at least one Class AB amplifier for high frequency drivers 110, ensuring that the transducers receive the appropriate power and signal quality for optimal performance. A non-limiting example of an amplifier 132 is a Diodes Incorporated PAM8406-based amplifier. The amplification may be crucial for maintaining the quality and clarity of the audio signals transmitted through BC transducers 110 / 112, thereby extending the perceivableaudio spectrum for the user. Amplifiers 132 may work in conjunction with other components, such as DSP 130, to ensure that the audio signals are processed and distributed efficiently across the audio system 100.

[0033] In some examples, BC transducers 110 and / or 112 may be positioned in a range of positions on a user's head, potentially at locations such as the mastoid process, temporal bone, forehead, occipital bone, or mandible, to maximize the efficiency of BC and provide a more immersive audio experience. This placement may enhance the system's ability to deliver clear and precise audio signals through bone conduction, that may complement aural drivers 122. In some examples, bass BC transducers 112 may be mounted on the chassis 124 of acoustic device 120.

[0034] Acoustic device 120 may encompass various types of headphones and earplugs. In some examples, Acoustic device 120 may include aural drivers 122, which may deliver standard headphone output and may be used to produce substantially the full range of sound traditionally heard in headphones. Aural drivers 122 may be configured to connect to DSP 130 and receive an input therefrom.

[0035] In some examples, acoustic device 120 may also be configured to block aural signals, potentially providing ambient noise reduction, such as, for example, an earplug. In some examples, aural drivers 122 may not be included in acoustic device, such as where acoustic device includes earplugs to block aural signals while BC drivers 110 and / or 112 transmit audio signals. In some examples, acoustic devices 120 may block aural signals by at least 9dB(A) to provide significant ambient noise reduction. Such a configuration may extend the perceivable audio spectrum of a user and may be beneficial in environments requiring noise reduction. In some examples, acoustic device 120 may be acoustically -treated reduction-rated earplugs.

[0036] In some examples, one or more of the head-mounted components of audio device 100 may include a light source 126. Although light source 126 is here shown as part of acoustic device 120, light source may be provided in BC transducers 110 and 112. In some examples, light source 126 may indicate a status (on, connecting, etc.) of the components of audio device 100. In some examples, light source 126 may provide visualization of the audio content being listened to. In some examples, light source may synchronize or be a part of concert lighting as part of a concert mode described below.

[0037] Power source 156 provides electrical power for the components of audio system 100. In some examples, power source 156 may include a battery. In some examples, power source 156may be distributed as multiple power sources 156 with in audio system 100, for example with batteries provided in DSP 130 and / or BC transducers, and / or acoustic device 120. In some examples, power source 156 may be integrated into one of the components of audio system 100, for example, in DSP 130 or BC transducers or acoustic device 120.

[0038] DSP 130 may be capable of processing audio signals and managing multiple channels, thereby enhancing the audio experience from device 100. In some examples, DSP 130 may connect to the plurality of transducers 110 and / or 112 and / or aural driver 122, facilitating the transmission of incoming signals using BC drivers 110 / 112 and traditional aural drivers 122. In some examples, DSP 130 may be configured to provide at least four-channel output with headroom and latency adjustments, which may improve sound processing and synchronization of audio signals. In some examples, DSP 130 may include high-pass and low-pass crossovers, allowing for custom frequency ranges, which may be crucial for audio customization and signal processing.

[0039] In some non-limiting examples, DSP 130 may introduce delays to the audio signals, such as a bass transducer signal that may be delayed by 0 ms, an aural driver signal that may be delayed by between 10-15 ms relative to the bass transducer signal, and a treble transducer signal that may be advanced by between 0.50-1.50 ms relative to the aural driver signal or delayed by between 11.10-12.10 ms relative to the bass transducer signal. These suggested delays are exemplary and not be considered limiting. These delays may be introduced to synchronize different transducers for optimal perceived sound quality, based on cochlear transmission time versus aural transmission time.

[0040] In some examples, DSP 130 may further be configured to adjust high-frequency crossover circuitry, adapting it to each user's hearing capacities, which may be facilitated by a software application defining per-user correction profiles 136. This adaptation may involve detecting a key roll-off frequency for a given user and modifying predefined circuitry for various crossover templates, thereby enhancing the user's audio experience. In some examples, different crossover circuitry may be used for 14 kHz-and-above correction profiles as opposed to 7 kHz-and-above correction profiles. In some examples, correction profiles may define various levels of audio correction for different listener needs. In some examples, configuration of the correction profile may be made by a listener interacting with control application 150. In some examples, DSP 130 may be configurable in real-time to accommodate various listeners using correction profiles suited to each listener. In some examples, correction profiles may include sharp and smooth modes. Insome examples, a sharp mode may utilize a Chebyshev crossover to provide a steeper roll-off, while a smooth mode may implement a Bessel crossover for more gradual transitions. In some examples, both modes may incorporate an all-pass filter to maintain phase alignment. In some examples, each mode may include multiple correction levels corresponding to the listener’s perceived roll-off aural frequency, which is the frequency at which a listener can no longer perceive sound without bone conduction assistance. Non-limiting examples of correction levels may include: 16 kHz (Level 1), 14.5 kHz (Level 2), 13.5 kHz (Level 3), 11 kHz (Level 4), 9 kHz (Level 5), and 7 kHz (Level 6), where higher levels correspond to lower maximum aural frequencies and require greater bone conduction bandwidth. Other correction levels may be provided.

[0041] In some examples, DSP 130 may support application of a head-related transfer function) (HRTF) profile 138. In some examples, HRTF may be utilized in audio system 100 to simulate the way sound reaches a listener’s ears from various directions. In some examples, by applying HRTF filters to audio signals, DSP 130 may replicate the changes in frequency, phase, and intensity that occur as sound waves interact with the listener’s head, ears, and shoulders to enable the perception of sound as originating from specific locations in three-dimensional space.

[0042] In some examples, DSP 130 may implement a "de-esser" filter 140 applied to treble conductors 110 (also referred to as a "compressor filter"). De-esser 140 may be configured to detect and attenuate high-frequency sibilant sounds (e.g., "S" and "T" sounds) by compressing specific frequency ranges without affecting the overall signal quality to thereby smooth out harsh, excessively powerful high-pitch or high-frequency sounds, such as pronounced "S" sounds or sharp snare effects. This feature may be particularly beneficial in a hearing aid mode (described below), where the incoming auditory signal may not have been optimized for auxiliary sound devices, such as a person speaking directly near the user.

[0043] In some examples, a low-frequency compressor 142 may be applied to reduce or smooth out excessive bass signals or rumble in bass transducers 112.

[0044] In these examples, aural signals may remain unaffected by de-esser 140 or compressor 142. In some examples, aural signals may either be transmitted cleanly or with an applied HRTF filter (as described above) and may maintain a delay of approximately 0.88 milliseconds, ensuring that treble transducer signals lead. By introducing compression within the DSP chain of both bass andtreble transducers 112, 110, system 100 may slightly reduce the dynamic range but may allow for higher amplitude signals to be transmitted without distortion or listener discomfort.

[0045] Key parameters for de-esser 140 and compressor 142 may include:

[0046] Center frequency: May specify the target frequency range where sibilance or resonation occurs. For treble transducers 110, a center frequency may be aligned with the roll-off frequency of the correction profile (e.g., 11 kHz for an 11 kHz roll-off). For bass transducers 112, a center frequency may correspond to resonant frequencies of bass transducer 112 and chassis 124, such as but not limited to 35 Hz. In some examples, multiple de-essers 140 or compressors 142 may be implemented to address multiple center frequencies.

[0047] Bandwidth (Q Factor): May determine how broad or narrow the range of affected frequencies is around the center frequency. A higher Q factor may narrow the range, while a lower Q factor may broaden it.

[0048] Threshold: May define the amplitude level at which the filter begins attenuating the signal, ensuring that only signals above this level may be compressed.

[0049] Ratio: May define the compression ratio applied to signals exceeding the threshold. For example, a 4: 1 ratio may reduce the amplitude of signals above the threshold to a quarter of their original level.

[0050] Attack and Release Times: May specify how quickly de-esser 140 responds to and releases attenuation of the signal. Short attack times may control sibilance immediately, while properly tuned release times may prevent audible pumping effects.

[0051] In some examples, DSP 130 may implement one or more all-pass filters 144 to manage phase alignment. These filters may mitigate destructive interference caused by phase delays that result from signal paths through different transmission mediums. Alternatively, in some examples, in higher-performance implementations (for a DSP with sufficient processing power), infinite impulse response (IIR) filters 146 or a combination of IIR and finite impulse response (FIR) filters 148 may be utilized. In a non-limiting example, aural driver 122 and bone transducer signals 110, 112 may have a phase offset of up to 180 degrees. The filters 144, 146, and / or 148 may adjust transducer signals to align their phase with that of aural signals, minimizing destructive interference. In some examples, DSP 130 may implement multiple such filters 144, 146, and / or 148 to cover different frequency ranges where phase collisions may occur.In some examples, external signal input component 152 may be configured to receive audio signals through both wired and / or wireless transmission methods. Wireless signal may include radio frequency-based, analog, or digital modulated signals.

[0052] Microphone 154 or microphone array 154 may be configured to capture external audio signals. In some examples, microphone 154 may include at least two microphones, which may be connected to the audio system to receive signals. In some examples, the signals captured by the microphone array 154 may be processed by DSP 130 to ensure optimal audio output. Microphone array 154 may be an integral part of system 100, enabling the capture of external audio signals that may be processed and transmitted through BC transducers, thereby extending the perceivable audio spectrum for a user.

[0053] In some examples, control application (app) 150 may be provided for control of system 100. In some examples, app 150 is in wireless data communication with the components of system 100 such as DSP 130. In some examples, app 150 may be configured to adjust the high-frequency crossover circuitry of DSP 130, to adjust the high-frequency crossover circuitry based on each listener's hearing capacities, to determine a key roll-off frequency for a given user; and to modify predefined circuitry for various crossover templates, adapting them to the user's roll-off frequency.

[0054] FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method 200 for configuring a multi-driver audio system according to some examples. In some examples, in step 202, an audio system, such as system 100 may be configured for use with a specific listener.

[0055] In step 204 system 100 may be configured to operate in a hearing aid mode for assisting individuals with hearing loss. Treble BC transducers 110 may be configured to extend the perceivable audio spectrum, particularly for high frequencies, thereby providing a clearer perception of sound for individuals with hearing loss. In some examples, system 100 may also incorporate earplug devices as part of acoustic device 120 that block aural signals while allowing bone conduction to transmit audio, thus reducing ambient noise and enhancing the clarity of high-frequency sounds. This configuration may be beneficial in environments where ambient noise may be prevalent, as it may enable users to experience a full spectrum of sound while potentially also minimizing ear damage. In some examples, the method may further include the use of a microphone array 154 or an external signal input 152 to receive audio signals, which may then be transmitted to the bone-conduction transducers 110 and / or 112.In the alternative, in step 204’, system 100 may be configured to operate in a concert mode. This configuration may be designed for use in noisy environments, such as concerts, where ambient noise reduction may be crucial. Acoustic device 120 may include earplugs, which may potentially reduce ambient noise, thereby enhancing the listening experience. These earplugs may function by blocking aural signals, allowing BC transducers 110 to transmit audio signals directly to the user. BC transducers 110 may be employed to provide a clearer perception of high frequencies, which may be beneficial such as in concert environments with high levels of background noise. In concert mode audio system 100 may utilize a combination of aural 122 and BC drivers 110 / 112 to extend the perceivable audio spectrum, addressing gaps in auditory perception, especially for frequencies above 7 kHz. The earplugs 120 may function by blocking external sound waves, thereby minimizing the intrusion of unwanted noise. In some examples, in concert mode, DSP 130 may align in time a pre-recorded / transmitted reference signal to a similar signal detected, for example, through microphone array 154 since, in a concert setting, a listener could be close or far away from the audio signal, and the audio signal must reach the transducers 110, 112 at the right time for best effect.

[0056] FIG. 3A is an illustrative side-back perspective drawing showing a configuration of the audio system 100 worn by a listener according to some examples. Acoustic device 120, represented here as over-ear headphones, may rest on the listener’s ears and may be supported by acoustic device chassis 124. Chassis 124 may support multiple audio components, including aural drivers 122 and bone conduction transducers for enhanced frequency coverage.

[0057] In some examples, treble BC transducers 110 may be attached to acoustic device 120 via a support assembly 114, which may hold transducers 110 in the correct position and may press them firmly against the listener's temporal bones to optimize high-frequency conduction. In some examples, treble BC transducer 110 may be positioned to press upon the mastoid process. Bass BC transducers 112 may be mounted at strategic positions along the chassis 124, adjacent to the listener's mastoid region, to enhance low-frequency resonance. It should be appreciated that the positioning of transducers 110 and 112 as shown in FIG. 3 A are illustrative and other positions are contemplated and described herein. Support assembly 114 may thus be configured to position transducers 110 in any desired position and may extend behind the ear (as shown), under the ear, or in front of the ear or in any direction or form that enables correct positioning of transducer 110.In some examples, support assembly 114 may be independent of chassis 124. An additional support assembly may be provided to position bass transducers 112 in a different position to that shown.

[0058] In some examples, the other components of audio system 100, such as power source 156, DSP 130, and audio amplifiers 132, may be integrated into an enclosure of the bass BC transducer 112 or into an enclosure of acoustic device 120. In some examples, microphone 154 may capture external audio for processing, enabling enhanced signal correction or external audio integration.

[0059] FIG. 3B is an illustrative side perspective drawing showing a configuration of the audio system 100 in a noise-reduction mode according to some examples. Acoustic device 120, which may include earplugs or noise-blocking layers, may block external aural sound waves while treble BC transducers 110 and optionally bass BC transducers 112 (not shown in FIG. 3B) transmit processed audio signals directly through bone conduction to the listener.

[0060] In some examples, support assembly 114 may hold treble BC transducers 110 in the correct position and press them firmly against the listener's temporal bones to optimize high-frequency conduction. In some examples, treble BC transducers 110 may alternatively be positioned to press upon the mastoid process. If provided, bass BC transducers 112 may be mounted along the chassis 124 to enhance low-frequency perception by resonating with acoustic device 120. It should be appreciated that the positioning of transducer 110 as shown in FIG. 3B is illustrative and other positions are contemplated and described herein. Support assembly 114 may thus be configured to position transducers 110 in any desired position and may extend behind the ear (as shown), under the ear, or in front of the ear or in any direction or form that enables correct positioning of transducer 110. In some examples, support assembly 114 may be independent of chassis 124.

[0061] In this configuration, aural drivers 122 may be not be present, may be inactive or may be attenuated to avoid interference. In some examples, microphone 154 may capture external audio for processing, enabling enhanced signal correction or external audio integration. In some examples, the other components of audio system 100, such as power source 156, DSP 130, and audio amplifiers 132, may be integrated into an enclosure of acoustic device 120.

[0062] ExamplesThe following four candidates have used the audio system 100 described herein and managed to improve perception of high frequencies with a comparative loudness to the aural signal at 75 dB SPL:

[0063] 65-year-old candidate, max aural frequency ~6.5KHz, max conduction frequency ~13.5KHz, perceived improvement in audible music timbre resolution;

[0064] 35-y ear-old candidate, max aural frequency ~14.5KHz, max conduction frequency ~18.5KHz, perceived improvement in audible music timbre resolution;

[0065] 33 -year-old candidate, max aural frequency ~15.2KHz, max conduction frequency ~19.0KHz, perceived improvement in audible music timbre resolution;

[0066] 27-year-old candidate, max aural frequency ~15.4KHz, max conduction frequency ~19.0KHz, perceived improvement in audible music timbre resolution.

[0067] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The materials, methods, and examples provided herein are illustrative only and not intended to be limiting.

[0068] Disclosed embodiments include methods, systems, devices, and computer-readable media, for providing a technical solution to the challenging technical problem of improving audio perception, and relate to an audio system with the system having at least one processor (e.g., processor, processing circuit or other processing structure described herein). For ease of discussion, example methods are described below with the understanding that aspects of the example methods apply equally to systems, devices, and computer-readable media. For example, some aspects of such methods may be implemented by a computing device or software running thereon. The computing device may include at least one processor (e.g., a CPU, GPU, DSP, FPGA, ASIC, or any circuitry for performing logical operations on input data) to perform the example methods. Other aspects of such methods may be implemented over a network (e.g., a wired network, a wireless network, or both).

[0069] As another example, some aspects of such methods may be implemented as operations or program codes in a non-transitory computer-readable medium. The operations or program codes may be executed by at least one processor. Non-transitory computer readable media, as described herein, may be implemented as any combination of hardware, firmware, software, or any medium capable of storing data that is readable by any computing device with a processor for performingmethods or operations represented by the stored data. In a broadest sense, the example methods are not limited to particular physical or electronic instrumentalities, but rather may be accomplished using many differing instrumentalities.

[0070] Implementation of methods disclosed herein may involve performing or completing certain selected tasks or steps manually, automatically, or a combination thereof. Moreover, according to actual instrumentation and equipment, several selected steps may be implemented by hardware (HW) or by software (SW) on any operating system of any firmware, or by a combination thereof. For example, as hardware, selected steps could be implemented as a chip or a circuit. As software or algorithm, selected steps could be implemented as a plurality of software instructions being executed by a computer using any suitable operating system. In any case, selected steps could be described as being performed by a data processor, such as a computing device for executing a plurality of instructions.

[0071] Although the disclosure refers to a “computing device”, a “computer”, or “mobile device”, it should be noted that optionally any device featuring a data processor and the ability to execute one or more instructions may be described as a computing device, including but not limited to any type of personal computer (PC), a server, a distributed server, a virtual server, a cloud computing platform, a cellular telephone, an IP telephone, a smartphone, a smart watch or a PDA (personal digital assistant). Any two or more of such devices in communication with each other may form a “network” or a “computer network”.

[0072] To provide for interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described here can be implemented on a computer having a display device (a LED (light-emitting diode), or OLED (organic LED), or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor / screen) for displaying information to the user and a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or a trackball) by which the user can provide input to the computer. Other kinds of devices can be used to provide for interaction with a user as well; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form, including acoustic, speech, or tactile input, t

[0073] In some embodiments, a system disclosed herein may be implemented on one or more servers or storage systems and / or services associated with a business or corporate entity, including for example, a file hosting service, cloud storage service, a hardware server, a virtual server, an online file storage provider, a peer-to-peer file storage or hosting service and / or a cyber locker. Insome embodiments, the system disclosed herein may be provided in various deployments models including but not limited to cloud based, hardware server, or virtual.

[0074] Memory may include one or more types of computer-readable storage media including, for example, transactional memory and / or long-term storage memory facilities and may function as file storage, document storage, program storage, and / or as a working memory. The latter may, for example, be in the form of a static random-access memory (SRAM), dynamic random-access memory (DRAM), read-only memory (ROM), cache or flash memory. As long-term memory, memory may, for example, include a volatile or non-volatile computer storage medium, a hard disk drive, a solid-state drive, a magnetic storage medium, a flash memory and / or other storage facility. A hardware memory facility may, for example, store a fixed information set (e.g., software code) including, but not limited to, a file, program, application, source code, object code and the like.

[0075] While certain steps methods are outlined herein as being executed by a specific module and other steps by another module, this should by no means be construed limiting.

[0076] It should be understood that where the claims or specification refer to “a” or “an” element, such reference is not to be construed as there being only one of that element. In the description and claims of the present application, each of the verbs, “comprise” “include” and “have”, and conjugates thereof, are used to indicate that the object or objects of the verb are not necessarily a complete listing of components, elements or parts of the subject or subjects of the verb.

[0077] As used herein, directional terms such as “top,” “bottom,” “over,” “under,” “upper,” “upward,” “lower,” “down,” and “downward” are intended to provide relative positions for purposes of description, and are not intended to designate an absolute frame of reference or to limit the scope of the embodiments.

[0078] While this disclosure has been described in terms of certain embodiments and generally associated methods, alterations and permutations of the embodiments and methods will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims

CLAIMSWhat is claimed is:

1. An audio system, comprising:an acoustic device; anda plurality of bone-conduction (BC) transducers configured to transmit incoming signals using BC drivers,wherein the BC transducers include at least one bone-conduction transducer operating at a treble frequency range above 7 kHz.

2. The audio system of claim 1, further including at least one BC transducer operating at a bass frequency range.

3. The audio system of claim 1, wherein the acoustic device includes an aural driver.

4. The audio system of claim 1, wherein the acoustic device is selected from the group consisting of over-ear headphones, on-ear headphones, in-ear headphones, or earplugs.

5. The audio system of claim 2, wherein the multi-driver configuration comprises an aural driver in the acoustic device, a treble BC transducer, and a bass BC transducer.

6. The audio system of claim 3, further comprising:a digital signal processor (DSP) having a multi-channel output that connects to the plurality of bone-conduction transducers and the aural driver.

7. The audio system of claim 6, wherein the DSP is capable of at least four-channel output.

8. The audio system of claim 7, wherein the DSP includes a 90 dB headroom (DNR) and latency adjustments to the processed signal of up to 15 milliseconds.

9. The audio system of claim 6, wherein the DSP includes high-pass and low-pass crossovers for the BC transducers, allowing for custom frequency ranges.

10. The audio system of claim 2, further comprising a plurality of audio amplifiers configured to amplify audio signals to drive the BC transducers, the audio amplifiers including at least one Class D amplifier for low frequency drivers, and at least one Class AB amplifier for high frequency drivers.

11. The audio system of claim 3, wherein the acoustic device is a pair of over-ear headphones including aural drivers and the plurality of BC transducers are treble and bass bone conductor attachments to the over-ear headphones.

12. The audio system of claim 3, wherein the acoustic device is a pair of active earplugs configured to block aural waves and the plurality of BC transducers are treble and / or bass bone conductor attachments to the active earplugs.

13. The audio system of claim 12, wherein a signal transmitted to the plurality of BC transducers is received from at least one microphone or from a wired or wireless input.

14. The audio system of claim 12, wherein the DSP enables the system to be configured in a hearing aid mode for assisting individuals with hearing loss or a concert mode for use in noisy environments, where, in both modes, the active earplugs reduce ambient noise while powering BC drivers for providing a clearer perception of high frequencies.

15. The audio system of claim 14, further configured to minimize potential ear damage in noisy environments.

16. The audio system of claim 14, wherein the concert mode is configured to provide clearer perception of high frequencies above 7 kHz.

17. The audio system of claim 2, wherein the at least one bass frequency range is approximately 20 Hz to 120 Hz and the treble frequency range is up to 22kHz.

18. The audio system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of BC transducers are positioned on a head of the user at locations selected from the group consisting of a temporal bone, a forehead, an occipital bone, and a mandible.

19. The audio system of claim 2, wherein the plurality of BC transducers operating in the at least one bass frequency range are attached to the acoustic device.

20. The audio system of claim 6, wherein the DSP is configured to introduce delays to the audio signals, including: a bass transducer signal that is delayed by 0 ms; an aural driver signal that is delayed by between 10-15 ms relative to the bass transducer signal; and a treble transducer signal that is advanced by between 0.50-1.50 ms relative to the aural driver signal or delayed by between 11.10-12.10 ms relative to the bass transducer signal.

21. The audio system of claim 1 , wherein the aural drivers and the bone-conduction transducers are configured to extend the perceivable audio spectrum of a user.

22. The audio system of claim 1, wherein the acoustic devices are configured to block aural signals by at least 9dB(A) to provide significant ambient noise reduction.

23. The audio system of claim 1, further comprising:a microphone array configured to receive signals to capture external audio, wherein the microphone array comprises at least two microphones connected to the audio system.

24. The audio system of claim 1, wherein the acoustic devices are acoustically -treated reduction-rated earplugs.

25. The audio system of claim 1, further comprising:an external signal input configured to receive signals through wired or wireless transmission to receive audio input.

26. The audio system of claim 25, wherein the external signal input is configured to receive signals through a wired transmission, the wired transmission being the same as headphone inputs.

27. The audio system of claim 25, wherein the external signal input is configured to receive signals through a wireless transmission, the wireless transmission being a radio frequency based, analog or digital modulated signal.

28. The audio system of claim 9, further comprising a software application configured to: adjust high-frequency crossover circuitry of the DSP;adapt the high-frequency crossover circuitry to each user's hearing capacities;detect a key roll-off frequency for a given user; andmodify predefined circuitry for various crossover templates, adapting them to the user's roll-off frequency,wherein significantly different crossover circuitry is used for 14 kHz-and-above correction models as opposed to 7 kHz-and-above correction models.

29. A method for providing audio to a user, the method comprising:configuring a multi-driver audio system in a hearing aid mode for assisting individuals with hearing loss;reducing ambient noise using earplugs; andproviding a clearer perception of frequencies above 7kHz using BC transducers.

30. A method for providing audio to a user, the method comprising:configuring a multi-driver audio system in a concert mode for use in noisy environments; reducing ambient noise using earplugs; andproviding a clearer perception of frequencies above 7kHz using BC transducers.

31. A method for assisting individuals with hearing loss, the method comprising: configuring a multi-driver audio system in a hearing aid mode;receiving a signal from at least one microphone or from a wired or wireless input; transmitting the signal to a plurality of BC transducers;reducing ambient noise using earplugs; andproviding a clearer perception of frequencies above 7kHz using the plurality of BC transducers.

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