Fire extinguishing device, fire extinguishing sheet, solid fire extinguishing agent, and solid fire extinguishing agent unit

Abstract

This fire extinguishing device (1) comprises: a placement surface (11) which is formed from a refractory material and on which an object (W) having the possibility of combustion or ignition is placed; a solid fire extinguishing agent (20); and a holding member (30) which is disposed at a position above the placement surface (11) and at a distance from the placement surface (11), holds the solid fire extinguishing agent (20), and is configured to cause the solid fire extinguishing agent (20) to drop by heat generated by the object (W). The solid fire extinguishing agent (20) is configured so as to cover the upper surface of the object (W) in a state in which the solid fire extinguishing agent (20) has dropped to the upper surface of the object (W) from a holding position by the holding member (30), and is configured so as to partition a drop region (A1) between the holding position and the upper surface of the object (W) and an object region (A2) in which the object (W) is present.

Description

Fire extinguishing equipment, fire extinguishing sheets, solid fire extinguishing agents, and solid fire extinguishing agent units

[0001] This disclosure relates to fire extinguishing systems, fire extinguishing sheets, solid fire extinguishing agents, and solid fire extinguishing agent units.

[0002] Trash cans and recycling bins installed in public and private facilities pose a fire hazard because unspecified items may be thrown into them. Extinguishing fires with fire extinguishers requires people to notice the burning or flames and take action to extinguish the fire. Therefore, early extinguishing is not possible in places where people are not present. In addition, fire extinguishers incur maintenance costs. Furthermore, fire extinguishers installed in facilities generally use fine powder extinguishing agents, resulting in cleaning costs after use. Extinguishing fires with fire extinguishing equipment such as sprinklers does not require human action, but may require electricity and water, resulting in installation and maintenance costs. Furthermore, depending on the type of fire extinguishing equipment, it may be necessary to select the appropriate extinguishing method according to the type of ABC fire.

[0003] ABC fires refer to A fires, B fires, and C fires, and are classified as follows: A fires are ordinary fires, such as those involving the burning of wood, paper, cloth, and textiles. B fires are oil fires, such as those involving the burning of petroleum, gasoline, oils, and flammable gases. C fires are electrical fires, such as those involving electrical equipment and machinery.

[0004] Therefore, for early fire suppression, there is a need for equipment that can extinguish fires without human intervention. Furthermore, there is a need for equipment that can reduce installation and management costs.

[0005] Patent Document 1 discloses an engine room that can quickly extinguish a fire without the use of human power or other power sources, even if a fire occurs in the engine room. For example, it discloses directly attaching a solid fire extinguishing agent to the ceiling of the engine room of a bulldozer, hydraulic excavator, and crane. It also discloses providing a partition plate and filling it with solid or powder fire extinguishing agents. In the event of a fire in the engine room, the fire extinguishing agent is released into the engine room, falls on the engine, and extinguishes the fire.

[0006] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2001-003387

[0007] In the case of using a fire extinguisher containing fine powder extinguishing agent, the fire can be extinguished by spraying the fine powder extinguishing agent towards the target object using the propellant gas. This is because the fine powder extinguishing agent reaches the target object via the propellant gas, thereby cutting off the supply of oxygen, which is a combustion gas, to the vicinity of the object.

[0008] However, as shown in the structure disclosed in Patent Document 1, simply sprinkling a fire extinguishing agent onto an object may not be sufficient to extinguish the fire. The reasons for this are as follows: The sprinkled fire extinguishing agent melts due to thermal decomposition caused by the temperature and heat of the flame, and flows down around the object, thus failing to cut off the oxygen supply to the object. In addition, if the thermal decomposition of the sprinkled fire extinguishing agent generates a non-combustible gas that is lighter than the atmosphere, this non-combustible gas will dissipate into the atmosphere without filling the area around the object, thus failing to cut off the oxygen supply to the object.

[0009] Furthermore, the updraft generated by the flames may prevent the fine powder extinguishing agent sprinkled on the flames from reaching the target object. In addition, in the case of yard fires or fires in garbage trucks, the ignition source may be covered by combustible or noncombustible materials. In such cases, when using fine powder extinguishing agents or water to extinguish the fire, the objects covering the ignition source may physically prevent the agents or water from reaching the source.

[0010] Furthermore, when the fine powder fire extinguishing agent used in fire extinguishers comes into contact with fire, it decomposes thermally, generating non-combustible gases such as ammonia and nitrogen. However, objects covering the ignition source may physically prevent these non-combustible gases from reaching the source. In addition, because the generated non-combustible gases are lighter than air, they volatilize upwards, rather than falling onto the target object. Consequently, the generated non-combustible gases cannot fill the area near the ignition source.

[0011] This disclosure is made in view of the above background and aims to provide a fire extinguishing device, fire extinguishing sheet, solid fire extinguishing agent, and solid fire extinguishing agent unit that can extinguish fires with a simple configuration without using power or propellant gas.

[0012] (Fire extinguishing device) One aspect of the present disclosure is a fire extinguishing device comprising: a mounting surface formed of a material including at least one of a fire-resistant material and a fire extinguishing agent, on which an object that is likely to burn or ignite is placed; one or more solid fire extinguishing agents; and a holding member positioned above the mounting surface and at a distance from the mounting surface, which holds the solid fire extinguishing agent and is configured to cause the solid fire extinguishing agent to fall due to the heat generated by the object, wherein the solid fire extinguishing agent is configured to cover the upper surface of the object when it has fallen from the holding position by the holding member onto the upper surface of the object, and is configured to demarcate the fall area between the holding position and the upper surface of the object from the object area where the object is located.

[0013] (Fire extinguishing sheet) Another aspect of the present disclosure is a fire extinguishing sheet formed in the shape of a sheet, comprising: one or more solid fire extinguishing agents; and a covering material that covers the solid fire extinguishing agents and is made of a material that softens, melts or disappears due to heat generated by the object.

[0014] (Solid fire extinguishing agent) Another aspect of the present disclosure is a solid fire extinguishing agent comprising one or more selected from the group consisting of condensed phosphates, phosphates, carbonates and sulfates, and formed in the shape of a sheet, polyhedron, sphere, flattened sphere, rod, or container capable of containing an object.

[0015] (Solid Fire Extinguishing Agent Unit) Another aspect of the present disclosure is a solid fire extinguishing agent unit comprising one or more solid fire extinguishing agents and a holding member that contains the solid fire extinguishing agents and is formed of a material that is softened, melted or disappears by heat in at least part of it.

[0016] (Fire extinguishing device) According to the fire extinguishing device, a holding member holds a solid fire extinguishing agent, and the device is configured such that the heat generated by the target object causes the holding member to drop the solid fire extinguishing agent toward the target object. Therefore, the solid fire extinguishing agent can be dropped toward a heat-generating target object without requiring human action or power. The target object only needs to be generating heat, and this can be either when it is generating flames due to combustion or ignition, or when it is generating heat without combustion or ignition.

[0017] Furthermore, the solid fire extinguishing agent is configured to cover the upper surface of the object when it falls onto it, and to demarcate the fall area between the holding position by the holding member and the upper surface of the object, and the object area where the object is located. In this way, the solid fire extinguishing agent does not merely fall onto the upper surface of the object, but reaches the upper surface of the object. Therefore, the solid fire extinguishing agent does not disappear along the way due to the heat generated by the object, nor is it moved away from the upper surface of the object by the updraft caused by the heating of the air. By covering the upper surface of the object and demarcating the fall area and the object area, the supply of oxygen to the object area can be suppressed. As a result, the burning or ignited object can be extinguished, or the temperature of the heat-generating object can be reduced. Note that "covering the upper surface of the object" includes both the solid fire extinguishing agent being placed on the upper surface of the object without any gaps, and the solid fire extinguishing agent being placed on the upper surface of the object with a small gap.

[0018] (Fire extinguishing sheet) The fire extinguishing sheet can be positioned to surround a combustible object. For example, the fire extinguishing sheet can be positioned to cover the top surface of the object, to surround the side surfaces of the object, or to enclose the object in all directions.

[0019] When an object generates heat, the heat causes the covering material to soften, melt, or disappear. As a result, the solid fire extinguishing agent reaches the object while exposed to the heat. In other words, the solid fire extinguishing agent does not simply fall onto the surface of the object, but actually reaches the object. Therefore, it does not disappear along the way due to the heat generated by the object, nor is it moved away from the surface of the object by the updraft caused by the heating of the air. Furthermore, the fire extinguishing sheet can suppress the supply of oxygen in the area where the object is located. As a result, it can extinguish the burning or ignited object, or lower the temperature of the heat-generating object.

[0020] (Solid Fire Extinguishing Agent) The solid fire extinguishing agent generates water vapor, ammonia, or carbon dioxide as non-combustible gases when heated by the heat generated by the object. Depending on the type of solid fire extinguishing agent, nitrogen or other non-combustible gases may also be generated. Furthermore, the solid fire extinguishing agent is formed in the shape of a sheet, polyhedron, sphere, flattened sphere, rod, or container capable of containing the object. With such a simple configuration, it is possible to extinguish a burning or ignited object, or to lower the temperature of an object that is generating heat. The state of being formed in a container shape also includes the state in which the fire extinguishing agent of various shapes is fixed or applied to the inner surface of a container of any shape, thereby substantially exhibiting the shape of a container.

[0021] (Solid Fire Extinguishing Agent Unit) The solid fire extinguishing agent unit can exhibit the same effect as the fire extinguishing sheet. Furthermore, the solid fire extinguishing agent unit can be applied to the fire extinguishing device.

[0022] Based on the above, it is possible to provide a fire extinguishing device, fire extinguishing sheet, solid fire extinguishing agent, solid fire extinguishing agent unit, and methods for manufacturing the same, which can extinguish fires with a simple configuration without using power or spray gas.

[0023] Figure 1 is a perspective cross-sectional view showing a fire extinguishing device in Embodiment 1. Figure 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the fire extinguishing device in Embodiment 1. Figure 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the solid fire extinguishing agent constituting the fire extinguishing device in Embodiment 1. In Figure 3, (a) to (e) are enlarged cross-sectional views of different embodiments of the solid fire extinguishing agent. Figure 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the solid fire extinguishing agent and holding member constituting the fire extinguishing device in Embodiment 1. Figure 5 is a flowchart showing the manufacturing method of the fire extinguishing device in Embodiment 1. Figure 6 is a process diagram showing the manufacturing method of the solid fire extinguishing agent shown in (a) in Figure 3. In Figure 6, (a) is the raw material input process, (b) is the pressurizing and heating process, and (c) is the extraction process. Figure 7 is a process diagram showing the process from when the target object ignites to when the fire is extinguished in the fire extinguishing device in Embodiment 1. In Figure 7, (a) is the process of the object igniting, (b) is the process of the lower holding part disappearing, (c) is the process of the solid fire extinguishing agent falling, (d) is the process of the solid fire extinguishing agent reaching the target, (e) is the fire extinguishing process, and (f) is the fire extinguishing completion process. Figure 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the solid fire extinguishing agent and covering material constituting the fire extinguishing device in Embodiment 2. Figure 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the solid fire extinguishing agent, covering material and holding member constituting the fire extinguishing device in Embodiment 2. Figure 10 is a flowchart showing the method for manufacturing the fire extinguishing device in Embodiment 2. Figure 11 is a process diagram showing the process of the solid fire extinguishing agent and covering material falling when the object ignites in the fire extinguishing device of Embodiment 2. In Figure 11, (a) is the process of the lower holding part disappearing, and (b) is the process of the solid fire extinguishing agent falling. Figure 12 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the main body constituting the fire extinguishing device in Embodiment 3. Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along XIII-XIII in Figure 12. Figure 14 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the solid fire extinguishing agent unit (solid fire extinguishing agent and holding member) that constitutes the fire extinguishing device in Embodiment 3. Figure 15 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the fire extinguishing device in Embodiment 3. Figure 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XVI-XVI in Figure 15, showing the state in which the solid fire extinguishing agent and holding member are attached to the main body. Figure 17 is a flowchart showing the manufacturing method of the fire extinguishing device in Embodiment 3. Figure 18 is a process diagram showing the process from when an object ignites to when the fire is extinguished in the fire extinguishing device in Embodiment 3.In Figure 18, (a) is the ignition process of the object, (b) is the disappearance process of the lower holding part, (c) is the solid fire extinguishing agent dropping process, (d) is the solid fire extinguishing agent reaching process, (e) is the fire extinguishing process, and (f) is the fire extinguishing completion process. Figure 19 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the solid fire extinguishing agent, covering material, and holding member that constitute the fire extinguishing device in Embodiment 4. Figure 20 is a flowchart showing the manufacturing method of the fire extinguishing device in Embodiment 4. Figure 21 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the fire extinguishing device in Embodiment 5. Figure 22 is a cross-sectional view taken along XXII-XXII in Figure 21, showing the state in which the solid fire extinguishing agent and holding member are attached to the main body. Figure 23 is a process diagram showing the process from the ignition of the object to the extinguishing of the fire in the fire extinguishing device in Embodiment 5. In Figure 23, (a) is the ignition process of the target object, (b) is the first stage solid fire extinguishing agent dropping process, (c) is the first stage solid fire extinguishing agent arrival process, (d) is the second stage solid fire extinguishing agent dropping process, (e) is the second stage solid fire extinguishing agent arrival process, and (f) is the fire extinguishing completion process. Figure 24 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the fire extinguishing device in Embodiment 6. Figure 25 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the fire extinguishing agent dropping process in the fire extinguishing device in Embodiment 6. Figure 26 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the fire extinguishing device in Embodiment 7. Figure 27 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the solid fire extinguishing agent, covering material, and holding member constituting the fire extinguishing device in Embodiment 8. Figure 28 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the solid fire extinguishing agent, covering material, and holding member constituting the fire extinguishing device in Embodiment 9. Figure 29 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the solid fire extinguishing agent, covering material, and holding member constituting the fire extinguishing device in Embodiment 10. Figure 30 is a perspective view showing the fire extinguishing device in Embodiment 11. Figure 31 is a perspective view showing the fire extinguishing device in Embodiment 12. Figure 32 is a perspective view showing the fire extinguishing device in Embodiment 13. Figure 33 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the fire extinguishing device in Embodiment 14. Figure 34 is a cross-sectional view showing the fire extinguishing sheet in Embodiment 15. Figure 35 is a cross-sectional view showing the fire extinguishing device in Embodiment 16. Figure 36 is a cross-sectional view showing the fire extinguishing device in Embodiment 17. Figure 37 is a cross-sectional view showing the fire extinguishing device in Embodiment 18. Figure 38 is a diagram showing the transport path of the object in Embodiment 19. Figure 39 is a diagram showing the solid fire extinguishing agent unit in Embodiment 20.

[0024] (Embodiment 1) 1-1. Overview of the fire extinguishing device 1 The fire extinguishing device 1 is a container configured to accommodate an object that can burn or catch fire. For example, the fire extinguishing device 1 is a trash can, a recycling bin, or a box similar thereto. The trash can or the recycling bin is installed, for example, at a place where an unspecified person can throw in an object. These are installed inside and outside public places such as stations, parks, government offices, amusement parks, and other various facilities. Also, these may be installed in a home. Further, the trash can or the recycling bin may be used for the purpose of allowing a specific person to throw in an object.

[0025] The fire extinguishing device 1 is configured to be able to extinguish an object without requiring human action and without requiring power. The object is trash thrown into a trash can, recyclables thrown into a recycling bin, and the like. The object includes those that may catch fire. For example, among the objects that may catch fire, there are lithium-ion batteries, gas cylinders, lighters, and the like. Further, the object includes combustibles that burn by spreading from a heat source. Also, the object includes not only those that ignite accidentally but also artificial combustibles such as cigarettes and matchsticks.

[0026] In particular, it is advisable to install a trash can or a recycling bin as the fire extinguishing device 1 in a place where a fire extinguishing device having a driving force such as a sprinkler is not installed. Also, it is advisable to install these in a place where a fire extinguisher that requires human action is not installed. However, these may be installed in a place where a fire extinguisher is installed. In the case of extinguishing a fire using a fire extinguisher, it requires a great deal of labor for cleaning. Therefore, even if a fire extinguisher is installed, installing these has an effect.

[0027] 1-2. Fire Extinguishing Process The fire extinguishing process will be described. The fire extinguishing process for the object W that is on fire or burning includes a process of extinguishing the fire and a process of removing the cause of the fire. In the process of extinguishing the fire, the combustion reaction is stopped. That is, in the process of extinguishing the fire, the supply of oxygen, which is a combustion agent, is stopped. In one of the processes of removing the cause of the fire, it is cooled to a temperature lower than the spontaneous ignition temperature of the object. In another one of the processes of removing the cause of the fire, the components contained in the fire extinguishing agent react with the combustible or incombustible material at the temperature of the flame, and the spontaneous ignition temperature of the reaction product is increased or made flame-retardant compared with the substance before the reaction.

[0028] The fire extinguishing device 1 mainly realizes the process of extinguishing the fire. Preferably, in addition to the process of extinguishing the fire, the fire extinguishing device 1 realizes the process of removing the cause of the fire. The fire extinguishing device 1 described below can realize two processes. However, the fire extinguishing device 1 can also be used to lower the temperature of the object when the object that is not burning or on fire generates heat at a high temperature.

[0029] 1-3. Structure of the Fire Extinguishing Device 1 The structure of the fire extinguishing device 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. As shown in FIG. 1, the fire extinguishing device 1 includes a main body part 10, a solid fire extinguishing agent 20, and a holding member 30. The main body part 10 constitutes the container of a dustbin or a recycling bin. The main body part 10 includes a mounting surface 11 and a peripheral wall 12.

[0030] The mounting surface 11 is formed of a material containing at least one of a refractory material and a fire extinguishing agent. The refractory materials include non-combustible materials, semi-non-combustible materials, flame-retardant materials, etc. specified in the Japanese Building Standards Law. The refractory materials include metals such as stainless steel and aluminum, and refractory resins, etc. The fire extinguishing agent can be the same as the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 described later. The mounting surface 11 may, for example, be formed by laminating a refractory material and a fire extinguishing agent. Also, a combustible material may be laminated on the outer surface of the refractory material or the fire extinguishing agent of the mounting surface 11.

[0031] The mounting surface 11 is for placing objects such as garbage and recyclable materials. As described above, the objects W have the potential to burn or ignite. In other words, the objects W include those that are inherently flammable, those that burn when a flame spreads from an ignition source, or man-made burning materials.

[0032] In Figure 1, the mounting surface 11 is formed in a rectangular shape. However, the shape of the mounting surface 11 can be arbitrarily set. For example, the mounting surface 11 may have various shapes such as a circle, an ellipse, or a polygon.

[0033] The peripheral wall 12, like the mounting surface 11, is formed of a material containing at least one of a fire-resistant material and a fire-extinguishing agent. The peripheral wall 12 is erected from the mounting surface 11. In particular, the peripheral wall 12 is erected from the outer peripheral edge of the mounting surface 11. The lower end of the peripheral wall 12 is joined to the outer peripheral edge of the mounting surface 11.

[0034] The peripheral wall 12 is configured to surround the side surface of the object W placed on the mounting surface 11. In other words, the peripheral wall 12 is formed in a cylindrical shape. In Figure 1, the peripheral wall 12 is formed in the shape of a rectangular cylinder, for example. The peripheral wall 12 may also be formed in the shape of a cylindrical, elliptical, polygonal cylinder, etc. If the inner surface shape of the peripheral wall 12 is non-circular, as will be described later, it functions as a rotation restricting part that restricts the rotation of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 around the surface normal of the sheet shape when the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 falls.

[0035] Furthermore, the peripheral wall 12 has an opening 12a for waste or recyclable materials. The opening 12a is formed near the upper end and is positioned at least above the midpoint in the vertical direction.

[0036] The solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is configured to extinguish a fire in an object W when the object W is burning or igniting. The solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is formed, for example, in the shape of a sheet. The solid fire extinguishing agent 20 has, for example, a thickness of 5 mm or more. The outer shape of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is formed to correspond to the inner circumferential shape of the peripheral wall 12. Specifically, the outer shape of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is formed to be slightly smaller than the inner circumferential shape of the peripheral wall 12. In Figure 1, the outer shape of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is formed to be rectangular.

[0037] Here, when the object W burns or ignites, an updraft is generated by the heat produced by the object W. The solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is configured to fall toward the upper surface of the object W against the updraft when an updraft is generated. For this to work, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 needs to have a desired mass.

[0038] However, the strength of the updraft caused by the heat generated by the object W is positively correlated with the temperature of the object W and the intensity and magnitude of the combustion of the object W. The intensity and magnitude of the combustion of the object W are positively correlated with the volume of the object W. The volume of the object W is at most equivalent to the maximum volume of the main body 10. Therefore, the dimensions and thickness of the outer shape of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 are set according to the maximum volume of the main body 10.

[0039] The holding member 30 is positioned above the mounting surface 11 and at a distance from the mounting surface 11. As shown in Figure 1, the holding member 30 is positioned at the upper end of the peripheral wall 12. The holding member 30 holds the solid fire extinguishing agent 20. However, the holding member 30 is configured to cause the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 to fall due to the heat generated by the object W. In other words, the holding member 30 continues to hold the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 when the object W is not burning or ignited and the temperature of the object W is low. However, even when the object W is not burning or ignited, if the temperature of the object W is high due to heat generation, the holding member 30 operates in the same way as when the object W is burning or ignited.

[0040] 1-4. Solid fire extinguishing agent 20 The solid fire extinguishing agent 20 may be configured to undergo a thermal decomposition reaction by heat generated by the object W and generate a non-combustible gas by the thermal decomposition reaction. The non-combustible gas includes one or more selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, ammonia, water vapor, carbon dioxide, and the like.

[0041] The solid fire extinguishing agent 20 contains at least a fire extinguishing component. The fire extinguishing component of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is a component that contributes to fire extinguishing. Examples of the fire extinguishing component of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 include one or more selected from the group consisting of inorganic carbonates, inorganic phosphates, and inorganic sulfates. The fire extinguishing component of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is, for example, ammonium phosphate ((NH

[0042] ) ３ PO ４ ), ammonium hydrogen polyphosphate ((NH ４ +H) ｎ＋２ P ｎ O ３ｎ＋１ (n = 1, 2...)), ammonium polyphosphate (((NH ３ )PO ４ ) ｎ (n = 1, 2...)), ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (NH ４ H ２ PO ４ ), ammonium hydrogen phosphate ((NH ４ ) ２ HPO ４ ), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO ３ ), potassium bicarbonate (KHCO ３ ), sodium carbonate (Na ２ CO ３ ), potassium carbonate (K ２ CO ３ ), a mixture of "potassium bicarbonate (KHCO ３ ) and urea (((NH ２ ) ２ CO)", and a mixture of "potassium bicarbonate (KHCO ３ ) and urea (((NH ２ ) ２ CO) and ammonium nitrate (NH ４ NO ３ )", etc. may also be used.

[0042] The fire extinguishing components of solid fire extinguishing agent 20 also include calcium hydroxide (KOH), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)), which are sources of non-flammable gases. ２ ), aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH) ３ ) hydroxides such as calcium nitride (Ca ３ N ２ ), aluminum nitride (AlN), ammonium sulfate ((NH ２ ) ２ SO ４ It may also contain nitrides such as ).

[0043] If the fire extinguishing component of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 contains condensed ammonium phosphate, condensed ammonium hydrogen phosphate, dihydrogen ammonium phosphate, or monohydrogen ammonium phosphate, it generates nitrogen, ammonia, and water vapor as non-combustible gases through a thermal decomposition reaction. If the fire extinguishing component of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 contains potassium bicarbonate, it generates water vapor and carbon dioxide as non-combustible gases. However, the fire extinguishing component of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is not limited to these; any substance that exhibits fire extinguishing function can be used.

[0044] The solid fire extinguishing agent 20 may contain, in addition to the fire extinguishing component, other components such as a binder to maintain the shape of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20, or additives to facilitate the manufacture of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 (components other than the fire extinguishing component). The components other than the fire extinguishing component may be combustible materials, non-combustible materials, organic materials, inorganic materials, etc.

[0045] The external shape of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 will now be described. As shown in Figure 2, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 included in the fire extinguishing device 1 is exemplified as being made up of a single block. In this case, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is formed in the shape of a sheet, for example. The sheet shape may be a shape with a uniform thickness, or a shape with different thicknesses. The solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is not limited to a sheet shape, but may be formed in polyhedral shapes such as a large rectangular parallelepiped, columnar shape, or conical shape, or it may be formed in the shape of a sphere or an oblate sphere. Polyhedral shapes include shapes that combine multiple planes, shapes that combine a plane and a curved surface, and shapes that combine multiple curved surfaces.

[0046] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 2, the outer shape of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is formed to correspond to the inner circumferential shape of the peripheral wall 12. Specifically, the outer shape of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is formed to be slightly smaller than the inner circumferential shape of the peripheral wall 12. For example, if the inner circumferential shape of the peripheral wall 12 has a rectangular cross-section, the outer shape of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is also formed to be rectangular. If the inner circumferential shape of the peripheral wall 12 has a circular cross-section, the outer shape of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is also formed to be circular.

[0047] If the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is in sheet form and not circular, and the inner circumferential surface shape of the peripheral wall 12 corresponds to the outer circumferential surface shape of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20, then the peripheral wall 12 functions as a rotation restricting part that restricts the rotation of the sheet-shaped solid fire extinguishing agent 20 around the surface normal to the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 when the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 falls.

[0048] The thickness of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is 5 mm or more, preferably 10 mm or more. By setting the lower limit of the thickness of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 to the above value, it is possible to form solid fire extinguishing agent 20 in lumps of a predetermined size.

[0049] The upper limit of the thickness of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is not particularly limited. However, the thickness of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is preferably 500 mm or less, more preferably 200 mm or less, and even more preferably 100 mm or less. As described above, the holding member 30 is configured to hold the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 and to cause the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 to fall due to the heat generated by the object W. Therefore, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 needs to be able to be held by the holding member 30 having such properties. Thus, by setting the upper limit of the thickness of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 as described above, it becomes easy to keep the mass of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 within a range that can be held by the holding member 30.

[0050] Here, as described above, the volume of the object W (corresponding to the "volume of the object region A2" described later) is at most equal to the maximum volume of the main body 10. For example, if the extinguishing component of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and the maximum volume of the main body 10 is 20 L, then the mass of the extinguishing component of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is 115 g or more, preferably 130 g or more. In other words, the value of the mass of the extinguishing component of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 relative to the maximum volume of the main body 10 is 5.75 g / L or more, preferably 6.5 g / L or more.

[0051] Let me explain the reason for this. Ammonium gas has an ideal gas concentration of 22.4 L / mol, and at standard conditions of 0°C and 1013 hPa, it is 22.09 L / mol. When the extinguishing component of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, water vapor and ammonium are generated by thermal decomposition. However, ammonium (or nitrogen) is the main inert gas. Therefore, if the maximum volume of the main body 10 is 20 L, it is preferable to make the volume of ammonium (or nitrogen) generated 20 L or more. In this case, the mass of the extinguishing component of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 will be 115 g or more. However, since there is a region in which the inert gas escapes from the main body 10 to the outside, it is preferable to consider the amount of gas that escapes and make the mass of the extinguishing component of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20, for example, 130 g or more.

[0052] As mentioned above, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 may contain components other than the fire extinguishing component. In this case, the fire extinguishing component of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 should be set such that the volume of non-combustible gas generated by the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is equal to or greater than the volume of the target object W. In particular, it is preferable that the fire extinguishing component of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 be set such that the volume of non-combustible gas generated by the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is equal to or greater than the maximum volume of the main body 10. If this condition is met, the fire extinguishing component of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 may be, for example, 10% by mass when the entire solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is 100% by mass.

[0053] Here, the Japan Fire Extinguisher Manufacturers Association defines high-performance fire extinguishers. High-performance fire extinguishers are defined as having a requirement that their extinguishing agent contain 90% by mass or more of ammonium phosphate. Therefore, the extinguishing component of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 should be 90% by mass or more. The extinguishing component of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 may be 100% by mass.

[0054] Examples of the internal structure of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 will be explained with reference to Figures 3(a) to (e). Figures 3(a) to (e) illustrate the case where the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is in sheet form, but the explanation can also be applied to other shapes. Furthermore, it is preferable that the fire extinguishing component of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 contains condensed phosphate and / or phosphate. Therefore, Figures 3(a) to (e) will explain examples of the structure of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 when the fire extinguishing component of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 contains condensed phosphate and / or phosphate. Examples of condensed phosphates include condensed potassium ammonium phosphate and condensed sodium ammonium phosphate. As mentioned above, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 may also contain components other than the fire extinguishing component.

[0055] Figure 3(a) shows a solid fire extinguishing agent 20 consisting of a single-layer structure. The fire extinguishing component of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 shown in Figure 3(a) includes a material derived from ammonium phosphate. The ammonium phosphate-derived material includes, for example, one or more selected from the group consisting of condensed ammonium phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, and ammonium phosphate salts. For example, the fire extinguishing component of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 shown in Figure 3(a) may contain only one of condensed ammonium phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, or diammonium phosphate, or it may contain a combination of these. The term "single-layer structure" here does not mean a single composition, but is used in contrast to the multilayer structure shown in Figure 3(b). Specific examples of ammonium phosphate salts include sodium monohydrogen phosphate, potassium monohydrogen phosphate, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, ammonium monohydrogen chloride phosphate, ammonium monohydrogen fluoride phosphate, ammonium monohydrogen bromide phosphate, ammonium monohydrogen iodide phosphate, sodium diammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium diammonium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium diammonium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen chloride phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen fluoride phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen bromide phosphate, and ammonium dihydrogen iodide phosphate.

[0056] The solid fire extinguishing agent 20 shown in Figure 3(b) has a multilayer structure. The solid fire extinguishing agent 20 shown in Figure 3(b) includes a core 21 and a surface layer 22. The core 21 contains, for example, ammonium monohydrogen phosphate or ammonium dihydrogen phosphate. The core 21 may contain both ammonium monohydrogen phosphate and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, or it may contain either ammonium monohydrogen phosphate or ammonium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0057] The surface layer 22 contains condensed ammonium phosphate. More specifically, the surface layer 22 may contain monoammonium phosphate or diammonium phosphate in addition to condensed ammonium phosphate. The surface layer 22 may contain monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate, or it may contain either monoammonium phosphate or diammonium phosphate.

[0058] The solid fire extinguishing agent 20 shown in Figure 3(c) includes an ammonium phosphate-derived material 23 and an inert gas generating material 24. In the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 shown in Figure 3(c), the inert gas generating material 24 is configured to surround the ammonium phosphate-derived material 23. The inert gas generating material 24 is, for example, potassium phosphate, potassium ammonium phosphate, potassium carbonate, urea, etc.

[0059] The solid fire extinguishing agent 20 shown in Figure 3(d) includes an ammonium phosphate-derived material 25 and an inert gas generating material 26. In the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 shown in Figure 3(d), the ammonium phosphate-derived material 25 is configured to surround the inert gas generating material 26.

[0060] The solid fire extinguishing agent 20 shown in Figure 3(e) includes a material 27 derived from ammonium phosphate and an enclosure material 28 made of a combustible or noncombustible material. In the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 shown in Figure 3(e), the enclosure material 28 is configured to surround the material 27 derived from ammonium phosphate. The enclosure material 28 can be any material that can hold the material 27 derived from ammonium phosphate and maintain its external shape. However, the enclosure material 28 is configured such that when the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is heated, the material 27 derived from ammonium phosphate can release a noncombustible gas to the outside. The enclosure material 28 includes a material that does not generate an inert gas.

[0061] 1-5. Holding Member 30 The holding member 30 will be described with reference to Figures 2 and 4. The holding member 30 holds the solid fire extinguishing agent 20. Figure 4 shows a diagram including the holding member 30 and the solid fire extinguishing agent 20, showing the state in which the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is held by the holding member 30.

[0062] As shown in Figures 2 and 4, the retaining member 30 includes a retaining member body 31 and a lower retaining portion 32. The retaining member body 31 faces the upper surface of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20. As shown in Figure 2, the retaining member body 31 is positioned relative to the main body portion 10. In Figure 2, the retaining member body 31 is connected to the upper end of the peripheral wall 12. Therefore, the retaining member body 31 functions as a lid for the main body portion 10.

[0063] The holding member body 31 may be formed from a fire-resistant material, similar to the main body 10. For example, the holding member body 31 may be made from a metal such as stainless steel or a fire-resistant resin. The holding member body 31 has the rigidity to maintain its shape while holding the solid fire extinguishing agent 20. However, it is not necessary for the holding member body 31 to be made of a fire-resistant material. The holding member body 31 may be made from corrugated cardboard or a non-fire-resistant resin.

[0064] If the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is water-soluble and exposed inside the holding member 30, the holding member body 31 may be formed of at least one of a moisture-proof material and a waterproof material. A moisture-proof material means a material that exhibits a sufficiently high moisture permeability coefficient. A waterproof material means a material that exhibits a sufficiently high water permeability coefficient. This makes it possible to suppress the dissolution of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 by moisture or water while the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is held in the holding member 30.

[0065] The lower retaining portion 32 is positioned below the retaining member body 31 and is joined or connected to the retaining member body 31. The method of joining or connecting the retaining member body 31 and the lower retaining portion 32 is arbitrary. For example, adhesive bonding, welding, physical engagement, etc., can be applied.

[0066] The lower surface holding portion 32 forms a space between itself and the lower surface of the holding member body 31. The solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is contained within this space. Therefore, the lower surface holding portion 32 is positioned on at least the lower surface of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20. Furthermore, the lower surface holding portion 32 is also positioned around the entire circumference of the circumferential surface of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20. The lower surface holding portion 32 then rests the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 on it. Consequently, the lower surface holding portion 32 has the rigidity to maintain its shape while the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is placed on it.

[0067] The lower holding portion 32 may be formed of, for example, resin. In particular, the lower holding portion 32 is preferably made of a material with a relatively low temperature at which it softens, melts, or disappears due to the heat generated by the object W (hereinafter referred to as the "softening temperature"). The lower holding portion 32 should soften, etc., in the initial stages of combustion or ignition of the object W. By softening, etc., the lower holding portion 32 can be made to fall. For example, the softening temperature of the lower holding portion 32 should be in the range of 40°C to 200°C, preferably 70°C to 150°C.

[0068] The lower surface holding portion 32 contains one or more resins selected from the group including cellophane, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyvinyl alcohol, vinylon, polyvinylidene chloride, polyolefin, nylon, acrylic, triacetate, polycarbonate, aramid, polyethersulfone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyimide, polyurethane, polyethylene naphthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polymethylpentene, and polynorbornene. Furthermore, the lower surface holding portion 32 may be amorphous resin in order to lower the temperature during softening, etc. For example, amorphous polyethylene terephthalate is preferred for the lower surface holding portion 32.

[0069] Furthermore, if the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is water-soluble and exposed inside the holding member 30, the holding member 30 should be made of a moisture-proof and waterproof material. This prevents the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 from dissolving due to moisture or water while it is held in the holding member 30. If the lower holding portion 32 of the holding member 30 is made of the aforementioned resin, it will have moisture-proof and waterproof properties. Also, if the main body 31 of the holding member 30 is made of metal or resin, it will have moisture-proof and waterproof properties. If the holding member 30 is not made of a moisture-proof and waterproof material, it is preferable to include a separate component made of a moisture-proof and waterproof material.

[0070] Furthermore, although the lower surface holding portion 32 is not positioned above the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 in the above configuration, the material of the lower surface holding portion 32 may be used to cover the entire solid fire extinguishing agent 20. A member that has the function of the lower surface holding portion 32 and covers the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is attached to the lower surface of the holding member body 31. In this case, the member that has the function of the lower surface holding portion 32 and covers the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 may be in close contact with the surface of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20, or it may not be in close contact with the surface of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20, but rather have a gas between it and the surface of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20.

[0071] 1-6. Method of Manufacturing Fire Extinguishing Device 1 The method of manufacturing fire extinguishing device 1, S1, will be explained with reference to Figures 5 and 6. As shown in Figure 5, first, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is manufactured (S10: solid fire extinguishing agent manufacturing process).

[0072] As shown in Figures 5 and 6(a), the raw material M of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is put into the recess 41a of the lower mold 41 (S11: raw material input step). For example, the following raw material examples 1 to 8 can be used for the raw material M.

[0073] Raw material example 1: 100 parts by mass of ammonium monohydrogen phosphate powder

[0074] Example of raw materials 2: 100 parts by mass of powdered ammonium monohydrogen phosphate, 40 parts by mass of urea

[0075] Raw material example 3: 100 parts by mass of powdered ammonium monohydrogen phosphate; 50 parts by mass of powdered ammonium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0076] Raw material example 4: 100 parts by mass of powdered ammonium dihydrogen phosphate; 50 parts by mass of powdered ammonium monohydrogen phosphate.

[0077] Raw material example 5: 100 parts by mass of powdered ammonium phosphate, 50 parts by mass of powdered monoammonium phosphate, 50 parts by mass of powdered diammonium phosphate.

[0078] Example of raw materials 6: 100 parts by mass of powdered ammonium phosphate, 100 parts by mass of powdered ammonium monohydrogen phosphate, 50 parts by mass of urea

[0079] Example of raw materials 7: 100 parts by mass of powdered ammonium phosphate, 100 parts by mass of powdered ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 50 parts by mass of urea

[0080] Raw material example 8: 100 parts by mass of powdered ammonium phosphate, 50 parts by mass of powdered monoammonium phosphate, 50 parts by mass of powdered diammonium phosphate, 50 parts by mass of urea

[0081] In addition to the above raw material examples 1 to 8, the product may also be manufactured using raw materials that are a carbon dioxide source, a nitrogen source, and a phosphoric acid source. Furthermore, in the above raw material examples 1 to 8, additives may be added depending on the desired function and molding method. For example, in the case of tempura oil, potassium carbonate can be added or doped to promote reactions such as esterification. In addition, components other than the fire extinguishing components mentioned above may also be added.

[0082] Next, as shown in Figures 5 and 6(b), the upper mold 42 is used to cover the cavity (S12: sealing step). At this time, the cavity C formed by the lower mold 41 and the upper mold 42 is filled with raw material M. Next, as shown in Figures 5 and 6(b), pressure is applied to the upper mold 42, and the lower mold 41 and the upper mold 42 are heated by the heater 43 (S13: pressurizing and heating step).

[0083] The powdered raw material M can be melted by pressurization and heating. However, it is possible that only the binder melts, and some of the raw material M remains as powder. The pressurization pressure, heating temperature, and time are adjusted as appropriate according to the type and mass of the raw material M. The pressurization pressure can be set arbitrarily according to the shape accuracy of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20. The heating temperature is, for example, 10°C to 300°C, preferably 20°C to 300°C. The time is 5 minutes to 120 minutes. Note that the heating temperature and time may be changed as appropriate according to the mass of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20.

[0084] Next, as shown in Figures 5 and 6(c), the cooled and formed solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is removed from the lower mold 41 and the upper mold 42 (S14: removal process). This completes the manufacturing process for the solid fire extinguishing agent 20.

[0085] Next, as shown in Figure 5, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is attached to the holding member 30 (S20: attachment process). As an attachment method, for example, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is placed in the recessed portion of the lower holding part 32, and then the lower holding part 32 and the holding member body 31 are joined or connected.

[0086] In addition to the above, the solid fire extinguishing agent manufacturing process S10 can also be carried out as follows. For example, instead of the pressurizing and heating process S13 of the solid fire extinguishing agent manufacturing process S10, the raw material M may be heated without pressurizing. In other words, instead of the pressurizing and heating process S13, the container corresponding to the lower mold 41 may be heated while the raw material M is filled into the container (heating process). However, pressurizing is preferable in order to mold the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 with high precision.

[0087] Furthermore, in the raw material input step S11 of the solid fire extinguishing agent manufacturing step S10 described above, the raw material M is in powder form, but it may also be melted beforehand by heating (heating step) and then poured into the mold. In this case, the pressurized heating step S13 can be omitted. However, in order to mold the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 with high precision, the raw material M may be pressurized (pressurization step).

[0088] Furthermore, in the solid fire extinguishing agent manufacturing process S10 described above, the powder raw material M was melted in the pressurizing and heating process S13. Alternatively, instead of the pressurizing and heating process S13, the powder raw material M may be subjected to pressurization only, without heating. In other words, instead of the pressurizing and heating process S13, pressure may be applied to the upper mold 42 without using the heater 43 (pressurizing process).

[0089] Alternatively, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 may be manufactured by first molding multiple components that make up the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 by pressurization alone, then melting the joints between the components by heating, and finally joining the components together. As described above, heating and pressurization can be applied as appropriate.

[0090] 1-7. Fire extinguishing process by fire extinguishing device 1 The fire extinguishing process by fire extinguishing device 1 will be explained with reference to Figure 7.

[0091] As shown in Figure 7(a), the object W, which is garbage or recyclable material, is placed inside the fire extinguishing device 1. In other words, the object W is placed on the upper surface of the mounting surface 11. In this state, the object W burns or ignites. When this happens, the inside of the main body 10 is heated by the heat generated by the object W. This generates an upward airflow due to the heating of the air, and the area around the lower surface holding part 32 becomes hot.

[0092] The area around the lower surface holding portion 32 reaches a temperature at which the lower surface holding portion 32 softens, melts, or disappears. As a result, as shown in Figure 7(b), the lower surface holding portion 32 gradually softens, melts, or disappears.

[0093] As the lower holding portion 32 softens, the member supporting the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 from below ceases to exist. Therefore, as shown in Figure 7(c), the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 falls. Here, an updraft is generated due to the heat produced by the object W, but because the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 has a predetermined mass and a predetermined size, it falls toward the upper surface of the object W against the updraft. Then, as shown in Figure 7(d), the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 reaches the upper surface of the object W. The predetermined mass and predetermined size of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 are as described above.

[0094] In this way, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 can be dropped towards the burning or ignited object W without requiring human action or power. If the solid fire extinguishing agent were in the form of a fine powder, it might disappear along the way due to the heat generated by the object W, and it might also move away from the object W during its descent due to rising air currents. However, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 does not disappear along the way due to the heat generated by the object W, nor does it move away from the object W due to rising air currents caused by heating the air.

[0095] Here, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is formed in a sheet shape. Furthermore, the outer shape of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is formed to correspond to the inner circumferential surface shape of the peripheral wall 12. Specifically, the outer shape of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is formed to be slightly smaller than the inner circumferential surface shape of the peripheral wall 12. With the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 configured as described above, when the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 falls from the position held by the holding member 30 to the upper surface of the object W, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 covers the upper surface of the object W.

[0096] However, "covering the top surface of the object W" does not mean that the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is placed on the top surface of the object W without any gaps, but rather includes cases where the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is placed on the top surface of the object W with small gaps. For example, as shown in (c) of Figure 7, when the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 falls, there are parts of at least the outer periphery of the object W that cannot be covered. Also, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 may be divided by impact with the object W. In such cases, there may be gaps between the divided solid fire extinguishing agent 20. "Covering" includes such cases as well.

[0097] Furthermore, the outer shape of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is formed to correspond to the inner surface shape of the peripheral wall 12. Therefore, if the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 moves horizontally, it may fall while in contact with the inner surface of the peripheral wall 12. If the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 does not move horizontally, or if the amount of horizontal movement is small, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 will fall without contacting the peripheral wall 12.

[0098] Here, the inner circumferential surface shape of the peripheral wall 12 has a non-circular cross-section, such as a rectangular shape. The solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is formed in a sheet shape and has a non-circular outer circumferential shape, such as a rectangular shape. Therefore, when the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 falls, the peripheral wall 12 functions as a rotation restricting part for the solid fire extinguishing agent 20. In other words, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 falls while its rotation around the surface normal of the sheet shape is restricted. Therefore, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 can fall in a stable position. As a result, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 can cover the upper surface of the object W.

[0099] Furthermore, while the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is falling, or after it reaches the upper surface of the object W, the flame-facing side of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 may soften, melt, or deform due to heating. By deforming to conform to the shape of the upper surface of the object W, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 can cover the upper surface of the object W. Depending on the relationship between the volume of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 and the volume of the object W, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 can deform to cover the entire upper surface of the object W.

[0100] When the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 covers the upper surface of the object W, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 demarcates the fall area A1 between the holding position by the holding member 30 and the upper surface of the object W, and the object area A2 in which the object W exists. The holding position by the holding member 30 is the position of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 in Figure 7(a).

[0101] The falling area A1 is formed by the upper part of the peripheral wall 12. The target area A2 is formed by the lower part of the peripheral wall 12. The falling area A1 is located above the target area A2. As described above, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 may have gaps. Therefore, the falling area A1 and the target area A2 do not form a sealed chamber, but rather constitute areas where gas can communicate with each other. However, if the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 deforms due to heating and can cover the entire upper surface of the target W, then the target area A2 can be formed as a sealed chamber.

[0102] However, when the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 falls onto the upper surface of the object W, the area A2 is surrounded by the mounting surface 11, the lower part of the peripheral wall 12, and the solid fire extinguishing agent 20.

[0103] In this way, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 covers the upper surface of the target object W, and by partitioning the fall area A1 and the target object area A2, the supply of oxygen to the target object area A2 can be suppressed. As a result, the target object W can be extinguished as shown in Figure 7(e). In particular, the fire extinguishing efficiency can be increased because the target object area A2 is surrounded on all sides by the mounting surface 11, the lower part of the peripheral wall 12, and the solid fire extinguishing agent 20.

[0104] Furthermore, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 undergoes a thermal decomposition reaction due to the heat generated by the target object W, and generates non-combustible gases through this thermal decomposition reaction. For example, if the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 contains condensed ammonium phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, or monoammonium hydrogen phosphate, nitrogen, ammonia, and water vapor are generated as non-combustible gases through the thermal decomposition reaction. If the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 contains potassium bicarbonate, water vapor and carbon dioxide are generated as non-combustible gases.

[0105] Therefore, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is configured to fill the target area A2 with a non-combustible gas. By filling the target area A2 with a non-combustible gas, the extinguishing of the fire in the target object W is accelerated.

[0106] At this time, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 undergoes a thermal decomposition reaction, generating a flame-retardant condensed salt. For example, if the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 contains ammonium phosphate, it becomes condensed ammonium phosphate and condensed phosphate. Therefore, as the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 changes into a flame-retardant material, it becomes more strongly resistant to burning.

[0107] Furthermore, even if the flames on the object W are extinguished, if the temperature of the object W remains high, there is a risk of re-combustion if oxygen is supplied again. However, as shown in Figure 7(e), even after the flames on the object W are extinguished, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 continues its thermal decomposition reaction. The fact that the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 undergoes a thermal decomposition reaction means that it absorbs heat from the object W. In other words, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 exerts an effect that lowers the temperature of the object W.

[0108] Finally, as shown in Figure 7(f), the fire is extinguished when the flames on object W are extinguished and the temperature of object W decreases.

[0109] As described above, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 can perform a fire extinguishing process by stopping the supply of oxygen and filling the area with non-combustible gas as one of the fire extinguishing processes. Furthermore, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 can perform another fire extinguishing process by exhibiting an endothermic effect, thereby eliminating the cause of the fire.

[0110] 1-8. Effects As described above, the fire extinguishing device 1 can extinguish fires with a simple configuration without using power or spray gas.

[0111] In conventional fire extinguishing methods using fire extinguishers and sprinklers, the fine powder extinguishing agent or water diffuses around the target object W. Therefore, only a small portion of the total amount of fine powder extinguishing agent or water reaches the target object W. Furthermore, the efficiency of inert gas reaching the ignition source of the target object W is low relative to the total amount of fine powder extinguishing agent or water supplied. Consequently, when using fire extinguishers or sprinklers, a large amount of fine powder extinguishing agent or water is required. In short, fire extinguishing methods using fire extinguishers and sprinklers have low fire extinguishing efficiency relative to the amount of extinguishing agent used.

[0112] On the other hand, the fire extinguishing device 1 in Embodiment 1 can cover the upper surface of the target object W with the solid fire extinguishing agent 20. Therefore, the inert gas generated by the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 can fill the target object area A2. In other words, the inert gas generated by the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 can be efficiently delivered to the ignition source of the target object W. As a result, the fire extinguishing device 1 can achieve high fire extinguishing efficiency. That is, even if the amount of solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is reduced, it can still effectively extinguish the fire. Thus, the fire extinguishing device 1 has high fire extinguishing efficiency relative to the amount of solid fire extinguishing agent 20.

[0113] Furthermore, when using fire extinguishers, cleaning up the fine powder extinguishing agent after the fire is extinguished is extremely difficult. In particular, because the fine powder extinguishing agent spreads around the object W, extensive cleaning is required. When using sprinklers, water also spreads around, so extensive cleaning is required.

[0114] On the other hand, according to the fire extinguishing device 1 in Embodiment 1, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 falls onto the target object W and covers the upper surface of the target object W. The solid fire extinguishing agent 20 does not spread around the target object W. In other words, after extinguishing the fire, it is sufficient to clean the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 together with the target object W. Thus, cleaning becomes extremely easy.

[0115] Furthermore, in fire extinguishers, fine powder fire extinguishing agent is filled into the container under high pressure, and additives such as anhydrous silicic acid and silicon are used to maintain the fine state of the fine powder fire extinguishing agent. Therefore, recycling the dispersed fine powder fire extinguishing agent after firefighting requires costs such as removing these additives.

[0116] On the other hand, in the fire extinguishing device 1 of Embodiment 1, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 does not require the use of additives like those found in fire extinguishers. Therefore, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 can be recycled as is after firefighting. For example, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 after firefighting can be used as concentrated chemical fertilizer. The solid fire extinguishing agent 20 before firefighting can also be used as fertilizer. Thus, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 before firefighting has both the function of a fire extinguishing agent and the function of a fertilizer. In this case, the fire extinguishing device 1 has the function of a fertilizer storage place in addition to its original function as a fire extinguishing device. In other words, by installing the fire extinguishing device 1, a storage place for fertilizer that also serves as the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 can be secured.

[0117] (Embodiment 2) 2-1. Structure of the fire extinguishing device 2 The fire extinguishing device 2 in Embodiment 2 differs from the fire extinguishing device 1 in Embodiment 1 in that it further includes a covering material 50. The covering material 50 will be described below. In addition, among the reference numerals used in Embodiment 2 and later, those that are the same as those used in the previously described embodiments represent the same components as those in the previously described embodiments unless otherwise specified.

[0118] 2-2. Covering Material 50 The covering material 50 will be described with reference to Figure 8. The covering material 50 covers the solid fire extinguishing agent 20. The covering material 50 does not adhere tightly to the surface of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20, but rather covers the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 while maintaining a gas between itself and the surface of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20. The covering material 50 includes a lower covering portion 51, an upper covering portion 52, and a circumferential covering portion 53.

[0119] The lower covering portion 51 covers the lower surface of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20. The lower covering portion 51 may or may not have a gas between it and the lower surface of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20. In other words, the lower covering portion 51 may be in close contact with the entire lower surface of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20. Here, the gas is, for example, air or nitrogen. The lower covering portion 51 is formed of a material that softens, melts, or disappears due to the heat generated by the object W.

[0120] The upper covering portion 52 covers the upper surface of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20. The upper covering portion 52 covers the upper surface of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 while having gas between it and the upper surface of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20. However, the upper covering portion 52 does not need to have gas over the entire upper surface of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20; it is sufficient for it to have gas in at least a part of it. The upper covering portion 52 is configured to be deformable. Furthermore, the upper covering portion 52 is formed of a material that softens, melts, or disappears due to the heat generated by the object W.

[0121] The circumferential coating portion 53 covers the outer surface of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20. The circumferential coating portion 53 covers the outer surface of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 while having gas between it and the outer surface of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20. However, the circumferential coating portion 53 does not need to have gas over the entire outer surface of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20; it is sufficient to have gas in at least a part of it. The circumferential coating portion 53 is configured to be deformable. Furthermore, the circumferential coating portion 53 is formed of a material that softens, melts, or disappears due to the heat generated by the object W.

[0122] The coating material 50 contains one or more resins selected from the group including cellophane, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyvinyl alcohol, vinylon, polyvinylidene chloride, polyolefin, nylon, acrylic, triacetate, polycarbonate, aramid, polyethersulfone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyimide, polyurethane, polyethylene naphthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polymethylpentene, and polynorbornene.

[0123] However, the covering material 50 is made of a different material than the lower surface holding portion 32. The temperature at which the lower surface holding portion 32 softens, melts, or disappears is lower than the temperature at which the covering material 50 softens, melts, or disappears.

[0124] For example, if the lower surface holding portion 32 is amorphous polyethylene terephthalate, the softening temperature of the lower surface holding portion 32 is approximately 80°C. In this case, the coating material 50 can be, for example, polyvinyl chloride. The melting temperature of the coating material 50 is approximately 170°C. Thus, while the lower surface holding portion 32 softens at 80°C, the coating material 50 does not change at 80°C and melts at 170°C.

[0125] If the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is water-soluble, the covering material 50 may be formed from a moisture-proof material and a waterproof material. This prevents the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 from dissolving due to moisture or water.

[0126] The thickness of the covering material 50 is 10 μm to 100 mm, preferably 10 μm to 10 mm, so that it can be easily deformed. Also, the coefficient of friction between the covering material 50 and the peripheral wall 12 is smaller than the coefficient of friction between the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 and the peripheral wall 12.

[0127] 2-3. Holding state by the holding member 30 The holding member 30 includes a holding member body 31 and a lower surface holding portion 32. The lower surface holding portion 32 forms a space between itself and the lower surface of the holding member body 31. As shown in Figure 9, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 covered with the covering material 50 is contained in this space.

[0128] 2-4. Method for Manufacturing Fire Extinguishing Device 2 The method for manufacturing fire extinguishing device 2, S2, will be described with reference to Figure 10. As shown in Figure 10, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is manufactured (S10: solid fire extinguishing agent manufacturing process). The solid fire extinguishing agent manufacturing process S10 is the same as in Embodiment 1. Note that the solid fire extinguishing agent manufacturing process S10 in Figure 10 can also be performed using other methods, as explained in the "Method for Manufacturing Fire Extinguishing Device 1" in Embodiment 1.

[0129] Next, as shown in Figure 10, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is covered with the covering material 50 (S30: covering step). Subsequently, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 covered with the covering material 50 is attached to the holding member 30 (S40: attachment step). As an attachment method, for example, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is placed in the recessed portion of the lower holding portion 32, and then the lower holding portion 32 and the holding member body 31 are joined or connected.

[0130] 2-5. Fire extinguishing process by fire extinguishing device 2 The fire extinguishing process by fire extinguishing device 2 will be described with reference to Figure 11. (a) in Figure 11 corresponds to (b) in Figure 7 in Embodiment 1, and (b) in Figure 11 corresponds to (c) in Figure 7.

[0131] As shown in Figure 11(a), the heat generated by the object W causes the lower surface holding portion 32 to soften, melt, or disappear. The temperature at which the lower surface holding portion 32 softens is lower than the temperature at which the coating material 50 softens. Therefore, when the lower surface holding portion 32 softens, the coating material 50 does not soften.

[0132] As the lower holding portion 32 softens, there is no longer a member to support the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 covered by the covering material 50 from below. Therefore, as shown in Figure 11(b), the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 covered by the covering material 50 falls.

[0133] The temperature is higher closer to the object W. Therefore, when the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 covered by the covering material 50 falls, the lower covering portion 51 melts or disappears due to the heat generated by the object W. On the other hand, the upper covering portion 52 and the peripheral covering portion 53 may remain when the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 falls, at least when the lower covering portion 51 has melted or disappeared. This is because the area near the lower covering portion 51 becomes hot, while the area near the upper covering portion 52 becomes cold due to the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 being in between. Also, the area near the peripheral covering portion 53 becomes colder than the area near the lower covering portion 51.

[0134] However, when the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 falls, the upper covering portion 52 or the peripheral covering portion 53 may melt or disappear after the lower covering portion 51 has melted or disappeared. In other words, the upper covering portion 52 or the peripheral covering portion 53 may or may not remain.

[0135] Therefore, as shown in Figure 11(b), in the initial stage of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 covered by the covering material 50 falling, at least a portion of the lower covering portion 51 melts or disappears. As a result, at least the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 covered by the upper covering portion 52 falls. At this time, the upper covering portion 52 causes the center of gravity G of the falling object (solid fire extinguishing agent 20 partially covered by the covering material 50) to be located below the aerodynamic center Ac of the falling object. Because the center of gravity G of the falling object (20, 50) is located below the aerodynamic center Ac of the falling object (20, 50), the falling object (20, 50) can fall in a stable posture.

[0136] Furthermore, when the falling objects (20, 50) fall, if they move horizontally, they may fall while in contact with the inner surface of the peripheral wall 12. If the falling objects do not move horizontally, or if the amount of horizontal movement is small, the falling objects will fall without contacting the peripheral wall 12.

[0137] The solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is covered by a portion of the covering material 50. In particular, when the circumferential covering portion 53 remains, the circumferential covering portion 53 can come into contact with the inner surface of the peripheral wall 12 when the falling objects (20, 50) fall. Furthermore, gas is interposed between the circumferential covering portion 53 and the solid fire extinguishing agent 20. In addition, the covering material 50 is configured to be deformable. Therefore, the circumferential covering portion 53 and the gas inside it provide a cushioning effect. As a result, the falling objects (20, 50) can fall in a more stable position compared to when the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is in direct contact with the peripheral wall 12.

[0138] In particular, the coefficient of friction between the covering material 50 and the surrounding wall 12 is smaller than the coefficient of friction between the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 and the surrounding wall 12. Therefore, even if the covering material 50 comes into contact with the surrounding wall 12, the falling objects (20, 50) can fall smoothly. In other words, the falling objects (20, 50) can fall in a stable position.

[0139] 2-6. Effectiveness: The fire extinguishing device 2 exhibits the effects of the fire extinguishing device 1 in Embodiment 1, as well as the effects unique to the fire extinguishing device 2 as described above.

[0140] (Modified form of Embodiment 2) In Embodiment 2, the temperature at which the lower surface holding portion 32 softens, melts, or disappears is lower than the temperature at which the coating material 50 softens, melts, or disappears. Therefore, when the lower surface holding portion 32 softens, the coating material 50 does not soften, etc.

[0141] In addition, when the lower surface holding portion 32 softens, the covering material 50 may also soften. In this case, the temperature at which the lower surface holding portion 32 softens, melts, or disappears will be higher than or equal to the temperature at which the covering material 50 softens, melts, or disappears.

[0142] (Embodiment 3) 3-1. Structure of the fire extinguishing device 3 The fire extinguishing device 3 in Embodiment 3 will be described with reference to Figures 12 to 14.

[0143] The fire extinguishing device 3 includes a main body 60, a solid fire extinguishing agent 20, and a holding member 70. The main body 60 constitutes a container for a trash can or a recycling collection box. The main body 60 includes a mounting surface 61, a peripheral wall 62, a top lid 63, and a front lid 64. The mounting surface 61 and the peripheral wall 62 are the same as the mounting surface 11 and peripheral wall 12 of the main body 10 of the fire extinguishing device 1 in Embodiment 1. The peripheral wall 62 includes an input opening 62a.

[0144] The top cover 63 is positioned at the upper end of the peripheral wall 62 and closes the upper opening of the peripheral wall 62. The top cover 63 is fixed to the peripheral wall 62. The front cover 64 is positioned above one surface of the peripheral wall 62. The front cover 64 is positioned along that surface of the peripheral wall 62 and is rotatably supported with respect to that surface of the peripheral wall 62.

[0145] The solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is the same as the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 in Embodiment 1.

[0146] The holding member 70 holds the solid fire extinguishing agent 20. However, the holding member 70 is configured to cause the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 to fall due to the heat generated by the object W. The holding member 70 includes a first holding member 71 and a second holding member 72.

[0147] As shown in Figure 14, the first holding member 71 houses the solid fire extinguishing agent 20. The first holding member 71 and the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 constitute the solid fire extinguishing agent unit 201.

[0148] The first retaining member 71 includes a retaining member body 71a and a lower retaining portion 71b. The retaining member body 71a is formed in a flat plate shape and is made of paper, resin, metal, or the like. The outer circumferential surface shape of the retaining member body 71a corresponds to the cross-sectional shape of the inner circumferential surface of the peripheral wall 62, and is formed to be slightly smaller than the cross-sectional shape of the inner circumferential surface of the peripheral wall 62.

[0149] The lower retaining portion 71b is positioned below the retaining member body 71a and is connected to the retaining member body 71a. As shown in Figure 14, engagement grooves are formed at both ends of the lower retaining portion 71b, allowing the retaining member body 71a to slide. In other words, by inserting the retaining member body 71a into the engagement grooves at both ends of the lower retaining portion 71b, the lower retaining portion 71b becomes connected to the retaining member body 71a. However, the method of joining or connecting the retaining member body 71a and the lower retaining portion 71b can be selected as appropriate.

[0150] Furthermore, the lower holding portion 71b has the same components as the lower holding portion 32 in Embodiment 1. That is, the lower holding portion 71b forms a space between itself and the lower surface of the holding member body 71a. The solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is contained in this space. The relationship between the first holding member 71 and the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is the same as the relationship between the holding member 30 and the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 in Embodiment 1.

[0151] The second retaining member 72 is a pair of rails and is positioned on two opposing surfaces of the inner circumferential surface of the peripheral wall 62. The second retaining member 72 is positioned on two surfaces of the peripheral wall 62 adjacent to the surface on which the front cover 64 is located. The second retaining member 72 is also positioned at the height on which the front cover 64 is located. The second retaining member 72 supports both ends of the first retaining member 71 from below by inserting the first retaining member 71 into it. In other words, the second retaining member 72 supports the first retaining member 71 so that it is positioned at the desired height.

[0152] 3-2. Method for Manufacturing the Fire Extinguishing Device 3 The method for manufacturing the fire extinguishing device 3, S3, will be explained with reference to Figure 17. As shown in Figure 17, first, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is manufactured (S10: solid fire extinguishing agent manufacturing process). The solid fire extinguishing agent manufacturing process S10 is the same as in Embodiment 1. Note that the solid fire extinguishing agent manufacturing process S10 in Figure 10 can also be performed using other methods, as explained in the "Method for Manufacturing the Fire Extinguishing Device 1" in Embodiment 1.

[0153] Next, as shown in Figure 17, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is attached to the first holding member 71 (S50: first attachment step). As an attachment method, for example, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is placed in the central recess of the lower holding portion 71b. After that, the holding member body 71a is inserted into the engagement groove of the lower holding portion 71b, thereby connecting the holding member body 71a and the lower holding portion 71b. In this way, the solid fire extinguishing agent unit 201 is manufactured.

[0154] Next, as shown in Figure 17, the solid fire extinguishing agent unit 201 is attached to the second holding member 72 (S60: second attachment step). The attachment method is as follows: As shown in Figure 16, the front cover 64 is opened. Then, the first holding member 71 containing the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is inserted into the interior from the front cover 64. At this time, both ends of the first holding member 71 are positioned above the second holding member 72. In this way, the first holding member 71 is supported from below by the second holding member 72. Then, the front cover 64 is closed.

[0155] 3-3. Fire extinguishing process by fire extinguishing device 3 The fire extinguishing process by fire extinguishing device 3 will be described with reference to Figure 18. Figures (a) to (f) in Figure 18 are substantially the same as Figures (a) to (f) in Figure 7, which show the fire extinguishing process of fire extinguishing device 1 in Embodiment 1.

[0156] As shown in Figure 18(a), the object W is placed on the upper surface of the mounting surface 11, and the object W burns or ignites. Subsequently, as shown in Figure 18(b), the lower surface holding portion 71b gradually softens, melts, or disappears. Then, as shown in Figure 18(c), the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 falls. Finally, as shown in Figure 18(d), the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 reaches the upper surface of the object W.

[0157] At this time, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 divides the fall area A1 between the holding position by the holding member 70 and the upper surface of the object W, and the object area A2 in which the object W is located. Therefore, the supply of oxygen in the object area A2 can be suppressed. Furthermore, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 undergoes a thermal decomposition reaction due to the heat generated by the object W, and generates a non-combustible gas through the thermal decomposition reaction. As a result, the object W can be extinguished, as shown in (e) in Figure 18.

[0158] Even if the flames on object W are extinguished, if the temperature of object W remains high, there is a risk of re-combustion if oxygen is supplied again. However, as shown in Figure 18 (e), even after the flames on object W have been extinguished, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 continues its thermal decomposition reaction. The fact that the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 undergoes a thermal decomposition reaction means that it absorbs heat from object W. In other words, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 exerts an effect that lowers the temperature of object W.

[0159] Finally, as shown in (f) of Figure 18, the fire is extinguished when the flames on object W are extinguished and the temperature of object W decreases.

[0160] 3-4. Effectiveness: The fire extinguishing device 3 exhibits the effects of the fire extinguishing device 1 in Embodiment 1.

[0161] (Embodiment 4) 4-1. Structure of the fire extinguishing device 4 The fire extinguishing device 4 in Embodiment 4 differs from the fire extinguishing device 3 in Embodiment 3 in that it further includes a covering material 50. The covering material 50 is the same as the covering material 50 of the fire extinguishing device 2 in Embodiment 2.

[0162] The fire extinguishing device 4 will be described with reference to Figure 19. However, Figure 19 only shows the solid fire extinguishing agent 20, the first holding member 71, and the covering material 50. The covering material 50 covers the solid fire extinguishing agent 20. The solid fire extinguishing agent 20 covered by the covering material 50 is held by the first holding member 71. In this way, the first holding member 71 houses the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 covered by the covering material 50. The first holding member 71, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20, and the covering material 50 constitute the solid fire extinguishing agent unit 202.

[0163] 4-2. Method for Manufacturing the Fire Extinguishing Device 4 The method for manufacturing the fire extinguishing device 4, S4, will be described with reference to Figure 20. As shown in Figure 20, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is manufactured (S10: solid fire extinguishing agent manufacturing process). The solid fire extinguishing agent manufacturing process S10 is the same as in Embodiment 1. Note that the solid fire extinguishing agent manufacturing process S10 in Figure 10 can also be performed using other methods, as explained in the "Method for Manufacturing the Fire Extinguishing Device 1" in Embodiment 1.

[0164] Next, as shown in Figure 20, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is covered with the covering material 50 (S30: covering step). Subsequently, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 covered with the covering material 50 is attached to the first holding member 71 (S70: first attachment step). In this way, the solid fire extinguishing agent unit 202 is manufactured. Subsequently, the solid fire extinguishing agent unit 202 is attached to the second holding member 72 (S60: second attachment step).

[0165] 4-3. Effectiveness: The fire extinguishing device 4 exhibits the effects of the fire extinguishing device 2 in Embodiment 2.

[0166] (Embodiment 5) 5-1. Structure of the fire extinguishing device 5 In the fire extinguishing device 4 of Embodiment 4 described above, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 and the holding member 70 are installed in one stage. In the fire extinguishing device 5 of Embodiment 5, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 and the holding member 70 are installed in multiple stages.

[0167] The fire extinguishing device 5 will be described with reference to Figures 21 and 22. Figures 21 and 22 show that the fire extinguishing device 5 includes multiple solid fire extinguishing agents 20. Figures 21 and 22 show an example where the fire extinguishing device 5 includes two solid fire extinguishing agents 20.

[0168] The fire extinguishing device 5 includes a holding member 80. The holding member 80 includes a lower holding member 81 and an upper holding member 82. The lower holding member 81 includes the first holding member 71 and the second holding member 72 in Embodiment 4. The first holding member 71 of the lower holding member 81 contains the solid fire extinguishing agent 20. The upper holding member 82 includes the first holding member 71 and the second holding member 72 in Embodiment 4. The first holding member 71 of the upper holding member 82 contains the solid fire extinguishing agent 20.

[0169] The second holding member 72 of the upper holding member 82 is positioned above the second holding member 72 of the lower holding member 81. Therefore, the first holding member 71 of the upper holding member 82 is positioned above the first holding member 71 of the lower holding member 81. In other words, the holding member 80 holds the two solid fire extinguishing agents 20, 20 stacked in the vertical direction. Furthermore, the holding member 80 holds the two solid fire extinguishing agents 20, 20 independently.

[0170] 5-2. Fire extinguishing process by fire extinguishing device 5 The fire extinguishing process by fire extinguishing device 5 will be explained with reference to Figure 23.

[0171] As shown in Figure 23(a), the object W is placed on the upper surface of the mounting surface 11, and the object W burns or ignites. Subsequently, as shown in Figure 23(b), the lower holding portion 71b of the lower holding member 81 gradually softens, melts, or disappears. As a result, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 that was held by the lower holding member 81 falls. Then, as shown in Figure 23(c), the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 held by the lower holding member 81 reaches the upper surface of the object W.

[0172] In this case, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 divides the fall area A1 between the holding position by the holding member 80 and the upper surface of the object W, and the object area A2 where the object W is located. Therefore, the supply of oxygen in the object area A2 can be suppressed. Furthermore, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 undergoes a thermal decomposition reaction due to the heat generated by the object W, and generates a non-combustible gas through the thermal decomposition reaction. As a result, the flame of the object W can be reduced.

[0173] However, while a single solid fire extinguishing agent 20 may be able to extinguish the fire in some cases, it may not be able to. In such cases, the inside of the main body 60 continues to be heated by the flames of the object W. As a result, as shown in (c) of Figure 23, the main body 71a of the lower holding member 81 melts or disappears.

[0174] Furthermore, the lower holding portion 71b of the upper holding member 82 gradually softens, melts, or disappears. As a result, as shown in Figure 23(d), the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 that was held by the upper holding member 82 falls. Then, as shown in Figure 23(e), the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 that was held by the upper holding member 82 reaches the upper surface of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 that fell earlier.

[0175] As a result, the two solid fire extinguishing agents 20 undergo a thermal decomposition reaction due to the heat generated by the target object W, and a non-combustible gas is generated by the thermal decomposition reaction. Consequently, as shown in (e) of Figure 23, the target object W can be extinguished.

[0176] Even if the flames on object W are extinguished, if the object W remains at a high temperature, there is a risk of re-combustion if oxygen is supplied again. However, even after the flames on object W are extinguished, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 continues its thermal decomposition reaction. The fact that the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 undergoes a thermal decomposition reaction means that it absorbs heat from object W. In other words, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 exerts an effect that lowers the temperature of object W.

[0177] Ultimately, the fire is extinguished when the flames on object W are extinguished and the temperature of object W decreases.

[0178] 5-3. Effective Fire Extinguishing Device 5 allows the effects of the fire extinguishing device 4 in Embodiment 4 to be exerted in multiple stages. Therefore, even when the flames of the object W are strong, the fire can be extinguished. Furthermore, by sequentially dropping multiple solid fire extinguishing agents 20, if the flames of the object W are relatively weak, only the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 held by the lower holding member 81 may be used, and the upper holding member 82 and the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 held by the upper holding member 82 may not be used. In such cases, the remaining first holding member 71 of the upper holding member 82 and the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 can be used.

[0179] (Modified form of Embodiment 5) The fire extinguishing device 5 in Embodiment 5 may include the covering material 50 in Embodiment 4, as shown in Figure 19.

[0180] (Embodiment 6) The fire extinguishing device 6 in Embodiment 6 will be described with reference to Figures 24 and 25. The fire extinguishing device 6 further includes a guide 90 compared to the fire extinguishing device 1 in Embodiment 1. The guide 90 is formed, for example, in the shape of a rod and is arranged to extend upward from the mounting surface 11. The guide 90 is positioned, for example, in the center of the mounting surface 11. However, the guide 90 may be positioned at the outer edge of the mounting surface 11, or at an intermediate position between the center and the outer edge of the mounting surface 11. Furthermore, the guide 90 is not limited to one, but multiple guides can be provided.

[0181] The solid fire extinguishing agent 20 penetrates the guide 90. Furthermore, the lower surface holding portion 32 also penetrates the guide 90. Therefore, as shown in Figure 25, when the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 falls, the guide 90 guides the direction in which the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 falls. In other words, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 can fall in a stable position. As a result, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 can cover the upper surface of the target object W.

[0182] Furthermore, if multiple guides 90 are arranged, the multiple guides 90 function as rotation restrictors that restrict the rotation of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 around the surface normal of the sheet shape when the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 falls. Note that the fire extinguishing devices 2 to 5 in embodiments 2 to 5 may also include guides 90.

[0183] (Embodiment 7) In Embodiment 1, the fire extinguishing device 1 contains one solid fire extinguishing agent 20. Alternatively, as shown in Figure 26, the fire extinguishing device 7 may contain a plurality of solid fire extinguishing agents 20. In this case, each solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is not a fine powder, but is formed to a predetermined mass and predetermined size.

[0184] The fire extinguishing device 7 in Embodiment 7 includes a plurality of solid fire extinguishing agents 20. The plurality of solid fire extinguishing agents 20 are held by a holding member 30. In other words, the plurality of solid fire extinguishing agents 20 are housed in the space between the main body 31 of the holding member and the lower holding portion 32.

[0185] Each solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is formed in the form of, for example, a sheet, a polyhedron, a sphere, an oblate sphere, or a rod. The polyhedron shape includes shapes with polyhedra such as tetrahedrons and hexahedrons, as well as prism shapes and cone shapes. In other words, each solid fire extinguishing agent 20 may be flattened or granular.

[0186] If each solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is flattened, its thickness is 5 mm or more, preferably 10 mm or more. By setting the lower limit of the thickness of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 as described above, it is possible to form a solid fire extinguishing agent 20 having a predetermined size.

[0187] There is no particular upper limit to the thickness of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20. However, the thickness of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is preferably 500 mm or less, more preferably 200 mm or less, and even more preferably 100 mm or less. This allows the holding member 30 to hold the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 and to release the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 due to the heat generated by the object W.

[0188] Furthermore, if each solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is granular, each solid fire extinguishing agent 20 has a particle size that is sufficiently larger than the fine powder in a fire extinguisher. Particle size refers to the diameter when the particles are spheres of the same volume. The particle size of each solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is 1 mm or larger, preferably 5 mm or larger. By setting the lower limit of the particle size of each solid fire extinguishing agent 20 as described above, the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 can be dropped even when the target object W is burning.

[0189] Furthermore, there is no particular upper limit to the particle size of each solid fire extinguishing agent 20. However, the particle size of each solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is preferably 500 mm or less, more preferably 200 mm or less, and even more preferably 100 mm or less. This allows the holding member 30 to hold the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 and to release the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 due to the heat generated by the object W.

[0190] Each solid fire extinguishing agent 20 can be manufactured by the same method as the manufacturing method for the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 in the embodiment described above. Alternatively, multiple solid fire extinguishing agents 20 can be manufactured by molding one large block of solid fire extinguishing agent 20 and then dividing it. For example, multiple solid fire extinguishing agents 20 can be manufactured by forming it into a long piece of sufficient length and then cutting it into predetermined lengths. Furthermore, multiple solid fire extinguishing agents 20 can be manufactured by forming the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 into a sheet shape with grooves for division and cutting along the grooves.

[0191] (Embodiment 8) The fire extinguishing device 2 in Embodiment 2 includes one solid fire extinguishing agent 20. Alternatively, as shown in Figure 27, in the fire extinguishing device 8, the covering material 50 may cover a plurality of solid fire extinguishing agents 20. In this case, each solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is formed in a shape having a predetermined mass and volume, rather than being a fine powder in a fire extinguisher. However, the individual solid fire extinguishing agents 20 of the fire extinguishing device 9 in Embodiment 7 can also be used.

[0192] (Embodiment 9) In Embodiment 1, the fire extinguishing device 1 includes one solid fire extinguishing agent 20. Alternatively, as shown in Figure 28, in the fire extinguishing device 9, the covering material 50 may cover multiple solid fire extinguishing agents 20.

[0193] The fire extinguishing sheet 91 is composed of multiple solid fire extinguishing agents 20 and a covering material 50. The fire extinguishing sheet 91 is formed in a sheet shape as a whole. In the fire extinguishing sheet 91, the covering material 50 is arranged in the direction of the sheet surface and has multiple independent spaces 50a. In other words, in addition to the outer edge, the covering material 50 has a lower covering portion 51 and an upper covering portion 52 joined in the middle portion to partition the spaces 50a.

[0194] The covering material 50 accommodates multiple solid fire extinguishing agents 20 in each of the multiple spaces 50a. The contained solid fire extinguishing agents 20 can be in any shape, such as a sheet, polyhedron, sphere, flattened sphere, or rod.

[0195] Furthermore, the fire extinguishing sheet 91 is configured to be foldable at the boundaries of multiple spaces 50a in the covering material 50. Therefore, the fire extinguishing sheet 91 can be stored in a folded state before being housed in the holding member 30. In other words, the fire extinguishing sheet 91 can be stored in a state with a reduced external size.

[0196] (Embodiment 10) In Embodiment 9, one solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is contained in each of the multiple spaces 50a. Alternatively, as shown in Figure 29, in the fire extinguishing device 110, multiple solid fire extinguishing agents 20 may be contained in each of the multiple spaces 50a in the covering material 50. Each solid fire extinguishing agent 20 can be any shape, such as a sheet shape, a polyhedron shape, a sphere shape, an oblate sphere shape, or a rod shape.

[0197] (Embodiment 11) In Embodiment 1, Figure 2 illustrates a case where the mounting surface 11 and peripheral wall 12 of the fire extinguishing device 1 have a single-layer structure made of fire-resistant material or the like. In addition, as also described in Embodiment 1, the mounting surface 11 and peripheral wall 12 may have a multi-layer structure.

[0198] As shown in Figure 30, in the fire extinguishing device 120, the mounting surface 11 has a mounting surface body 111 and a mounting surface layer 112. The mounting surface body 111 may be made of a fire-resistant material or a combustible material. The mounting surface layer 112 is located on the inner surface of the mounting surface body 111 and is formed of the same components as the solid fire extinguishing agent 20. The mounting surface layer 112 may be fixed to the mounting surface body 111 with an adhesive or the like. Alternatively, the mounting surface layer 112 may be made by melting the fire extinguishing agent to form a paint, applying it to the inner surface of the mounting surface body 111, and then solidifying it. In this case, if necessary, the surface of the mounting surface layer 112 may be protected with a moisture-proof material and a waterproof material.

[0199] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 30, in the fire extinguishing device 120, the peripheral wall 12 has a peripheral wall body 121 and a peripheral wall surface layer 122. The peripheral wall body 121 may be made of a fire-resistant material or a combustible material. The peripheral wall surface layer 122 is located on the inner surface of the peripheral wall body 121 and is formed of the same components as the solid fire extinguishing agent 20. The peripheral wall surface layer 122 may be fixed to the peripheral wall body 121 with an adhesive or the like. Alternatively, the peripheral wall surface layer 122 may be made by melting the fire extinguishing agent to make a paint, applying it to the inner surface of the peripheral wall body 121, and then solidifying it. In this case, if necessary, the surface of the mounting surface layer 112 may be protected with a moisture-proof material and a waterproof material.

[0200] In this case, the object will be surrounded not only on its top surface but also on its bottom and side surfaces by the components of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20. Therefore, a high fire extinguishing effect can be obtained.

[0201] (Embodiment 12) As shown in Figure 31, in the fire extinguishing device 130, the mounting surface layer 112 and the peripheral wall surface layer 122 are replaced with a fire extinguishing sheet 91. The fire extinguishing sheet 91 is as shown in Embodiment 9.

[0202] (Embodiment 13) The fire extinguishing device 140 in Embodiment 13 will be described with reference to Figure 32. The fire extinguishing device 140 is, for example, a garbage collection point. For example, the fire extinguishing device 140 is a facility for collecting garbage, which is the target object W, and has a ceiling. The differences from the fire extinguishing device 1 in Embodiment 1 will be described below.

[0203] As shown in Figure 32, the fire extinguishing device 140 comprises a main body 141, a mounting surface 101, and a column wall member 102. Although different in size, the mounting surface 101 is the same as the mounting surface 11 in Embodiment 1. The column wall member 102 is installed on the mounting surface 101 and is a column member or wall member extending upward. In Figure 32, two column members and one wall member are shown. The fire extinguishing device 140 includes a solid fire extinguishing agent 20 and a holding member 30. These are the same as the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 and holding member 30 in Embodiment 1.

[0204] The fire extinguishing device 140 can perform initial fire suppression in the event that the target object W, which is garbage, burns or ignites at a garbage collection point. Furthermore, the fire extinguishing device 140 exhibits the same effects as in Embodiment 1.

[0205] Furthermore, the fire extinguishing device 140 can be applied not only to garbage collection points, but also to factories equipped with various facilities, and to various other facilities where there is a risk of combustion or ignition. In this case, the target object W would be equipment, etc.

[0206] (Embodiment 14) The fire extinguishing device 151 in Embodiment 14 will be described with reference to Figure 33. The fire extinguishing device 151 is, for example, the cargo bed of a garbage truck 150 used for collecting garbage. The cargo bed of the garbage truck 150 contains the target object W, such as garbage.

[0207] The cargo bed of the packer truck 150 includes a mounting surface 11 and a peripheral wall 12 as the main body 10. Furthermore, the cargo bed of the packer truck 150 includes a solid fire extinguishing agent 20 and a holding member 30. Each of these elements is the same as the elements in Embodiment 1.

[0208] The fire extinguishing device 151 can perform initial fire suppression when the object W burns or ignites on the cargo bed of the packer truck 150. Furthermore, the fire extinguishing device 151 exhibits the same effects as in Embodiment 1.

[0209] (Embodiment 15) The fire extinguishing sheet 160 in Embodiment 15 will be described with reference to Figure 34. The fire extinguishing sheet 160 is used in place of a fire extinguisher in the event of a fire in a home or facility. For example, if a fire occurs in a kitchen, a person can spread out the fire extinguishing sheet 160 and place it over the top surface of the object W that is causing the fire. The fire is extinguished in this way. The structure of the fire extinguishing sheet 160 will be described below.

[0210] The fire extinguishing sheet 160 is formed in a sheet shape. The fire extinguishing sheet 160 includes a plurality of solid fire extinguishing agents 161 and a covering material 162. The solid fire extinguishing agent 161 is the same as the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 in any of the above embodiments. That is, in Figure 34, the solid fire extinguishing agent 161 is formed in a sheet shape, but it may be formed in other shapes.

[0211] The covering material 162 is made of a material that covers multiple solid fire extinguishing agents 161 and softens, melts, or disappears due to the heat generated by the object W. The covering material 162 has multiple independent spaces 162a arranged in the sheet surface direction. Each of the multiple spaces 162a in the covering material 162 contains one of the multiple solid fire extinguishing agents 161. The covering material 162 is configured to become a single sheet when unfolded. The fire extinguishing sheet 160 is configured to be foldable at the boundaries of the multiple spaces 162a in the covering material 162.

[0212] The covering material 162 may be formed from the same material as the lower surface holding portion 32 in Embodiment 1 or the covering material 50 in Embodiment 2. Furthermore, the covering material 162 may be made of resin or nonwoven fabric.

[0213] If the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 is water-soluble and exposed inside the holding member 30, the covering material 162 may be made of a moisture-proof material and a waterproof material. This prevents the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 from dissolving due to moisture or water.

[0214] The fire extinguishing sheet 160 is configured to separate the area A3 above the object W from the area A4 where the object W is located, by being positioned to cover the upper surface of the object W when the object W is burning.

[0215] The fire extinguishing sheet 160 contains a solid fire extinguishing agent 161. The fire extinguishing sheet 160 is configured to separate the area A3 above the object W from the area A4 where the object W is located, by positioning the fire extinguishing sheet 160 to cover the upper surface of the object W when the object W is burning.

[0216] As a result, the solid fire extinguishing agent 161 does not merely fall onto the upper surface of the object W, but reaches the upper surface of the object W. Therefore, it does not disappear along the way due to the heat generated by the object W, nor is it moved away from the upper surface of the object W by the rising air current caused by the heating of the air. Furthermore, the solid fire extinguishing agent 161 covers the upper surface of the object W, partitioning the upper region A3 and the object region A4, thereby suppressing the supply of oxygen in the object region A4. As a result, the burning or ignited object W can be extinguished, or the temperature of the heat-generating object W can be reduced.

[0217] Furthermore, the action of the solid fire extinguishing agent 161 is similar to that of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 in the fire extinguishing device 1 in Embodiment 1. Therefore, the target object W can be extinguished more effectively. In addition, the fire extinguishing sheet 160 in Embodiment 11 exhibits the same effects as those described in Embodiment 1, compared to a fire extinguisher or sprinkler.

[0218] Furthermore, the fire extinguishing sheet 160 is designed to be foldable. Therefore, when not in use, the fire extinguishing sheet 160 can be folded and stored. In addition, although the fire extinguishing sheet 160 contains multiple solid fire extinguishing agents 161, it may contain only one solid fire extinguishing agent 161. The fire extinguishing sheet 160 may also include a second covering material (not shown) that covers the solid fire extinguishing agent 161 inside the covering material 162. The second covering material corresponds to the covering material 50 of the fire extinguishing device 2 in Embodiment 2.

[0219] (Embodiment 16) The fire extinguishing device 170 will be described with reference to Figure 35. The fire extinguishing device 170 is formed in the shape of a container for housing the object W. The fire extinguishing device 170 includes a first solid fire extinguishing agent 171, a second solid fire extinguishing agent 172, a first covering material 173, and a second covering material 174.

[0220] The first solid fire extinguishing agent 171 and the second solid fire extinguishing agent 172 are formed in the shape of containers capable of containing the target object W. The first solid fire extinguishing agent 171 and the second solid fire extinguishing agent 172 are formed from the same components as the solid fire extinguishing agent in the above embodiment.

[0221] The first solid fire extinguishing agent 171 constitutes a container body formed to allow the object W to be placed on it. The second solid fire extinguishing agent 172 constitutes a lid that covers the object W placed on the first solid fire extinguishing agent 171. In Figure 35, the first solid fire extinguishing agent 171 and the second solid fire extinguishing agent 172 have the same shape but inverted, but they may have different shapes.

[0222] The first solid fire extinguishing agent 171 and the second solid fire extinguishing agent 172 can be manufactured using the method for manufacturing the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 described in the solid fire extinguishing agent manufacturing process S10 of the "Method for Manufacturing Fire Extinguishing Device 1" in Embodiment 1. Alternatively, other methods can be applied, as described in the "Method for Manufacturing Fire Extinguishing Device 1" in Embodiment 1. For example, the first solid fire extinguishing agent 171 and the second solid fire extinguishing agent 172 may be molded using a mold corresponding to the final shape, or multiple parts may be molded first and then joined together. As a method for molding multiple parts, for example, one sheet material may be molded first, and then the sheet material may be divided to form multiple parts.

[0223] Furthermore, when the object W is contained by the first solid fire extinguishing agent 171 and the second solid fire extinguishing agent 172, there is a gap 175 between the first solid fire extinguishing agent 171 and the second solid fire extinguishing agent 172. In other words, the first solid fire extinguishing agent 171 and the second solid fire extinguishing agent 172 do not contain the object W in a sealed state, but are configured to allow fluid to flow between them and the outside. For example, when the object W generates a pressure wave due to ignition, these components function as a path to release this pressure wave to the outside. As a result, the first solid fire extinguishing agent 171 and the second solid fire extinguishing agent 172 are prevented from being blown away from the object W by the pressure wave.

[0224] The first covering material 173 and the second covering material 174 are formed from the same components as the covering material in the above embodiment. The first covering material 173 covers the first solid fire extinguishing agent 171. The first covering material 173 may be placed with a space between it and the first solid fire extinguishing agent 171, or it may be in close contact with the entire surface of the first solid fire extinguishing agent 171. The second covering material 174 covers the second solid fire extinguishing agent 172. The second covering material 174 may be placed with a space between it and the second solid fire extinguishing agent 172, or it may be in close contact with the entire surface of the second solid fire extinguishing agent 172.

[0225] The fire extinguishing device 170 allows for the safe transport of objects W that may ignite.

[0226] (Embodiment 17) The fire extinguishing device 180 will be described with reference to Figure 36. The fire extinguishing device 180 further includes a first retaining member 186 and a second retaining member 187 compared to the fire extinguishing device 170 of Embodiment 16.

[0227] The first retaining member 186 surrounds the outer surfaces of the first solid fire extinguishing agent 171 and the first covering material 173. The first retaining member 186 constitutes the main body of the retaining member. The first retaining member 186 is made of any material, such as a fire-resistant material or a combustible material. The first retaining member 186 should have a higher shape retention force than the first solid fire extinguishing agent 171 and the first covering material 173.

[0228] The second retaining member 187 surrounds the outer surfaces of the second solid fire extinguishing agent 172 and the second covering material 174. The second retaining member 187 constitutes a retaining member lid. The second retaining member 187 is made of any material, such as a fire-resistant material or a combustible material. The second retaining member 187 should have a higher shape retention capacity than the second solid fire extinguishing agent 172 and the second covering material 174.

[0229] A gap 188 is provided between the first holding member 186 and the second holding member 187. The gap 176 communicates with the gap 175 between the first solid fire extinguishing agent 171 and the second solid fire extinguishing agent 172. Therefore, it has the same effect as the fire extinguishing device 170 of Embodiment 16.

[0230] (Modified form of Embodiment 17) The first solid fire extinguishing agent 171 and the second solid fire extinguishing agent 172 each have a container shape as a single mass, or a lid shape as a single mass. The first solid fire extinguishing agent 171 may be interposed between the outer surface of the object W and the inner surface of the first holding member 186. The first solid fire extinguishing agent 171 may be composed of a plurality of solid fire extinguishing agents. For example, each of the plurality of solid fire extinguishing agents constituting the first solid fire extinguishing agent 171 is formed in the shape of a sheet, polyhedron, sphere, flattened sphere, or rod.

[0231] The second solid fire extinguishing agent 172 may be interposed between the outer surface of the object W and the inner surface of the second holding member 187. The second solid fire extinguishing agent 172 may be composed of multiple solid fire extinguishing agents. For example, each of the multiple solid fire extinguishing agents constituting the second solid fire extinguishing agent 172 may be formed in the shape of a sheet, polyhedron, sphere, flattened sphere, or rod.

[0232] (Embodiment 18) The fire extinguishing device 180 will be described with reference to Figure 37. The fire extinguishing device 180 is a container for holding multiple objects W, such as recycled materials. The fire extinguishing device 180 is used for transporting the multiple objects W while they are inside. The fire extinguishing device 180 includes a main body 10, a solid fire extinguishing agent 20, and a holding member 30.

[0233] The fire extinguishing device 180 further includes an internal container 191. The internal container 191 has an area capable of accommodating each of the multiple target objects W. The internal container 191 is arranged inside the main body 10 and is stackable. The internal container 191 is made of the same material as the solid fire extinguishing agent 20. In addition to the solid fire extinguishing agent 20, the internal container 191 may also include a covering material 50.

[0234] The fire extinguishing device 180 can safely transport multiple objects W.

[0235] (Embodiment 19) Figure 38 shows the transport route for objects W such as garbage and recyclable materials. In a household, the fire can be extinguished if the objects W catch fire by using the fire extinguishing sheet 160. In the case of objects W such as used lithium-ion batteries, they can be safely stored in a household by using the fire extinguishing devices 170, 180, and 190.

[0236] When transporting used lithium-ion batteries and other objects W from homes to garbage and recycling collection points, the objects can be safely transported by using fire extinguishing devices 170, 180, and 190. At the collection points, the objects W can be safely contained by using fire extinguishing devices 1 to 9, 110, 120, and 130.

[0237] When transporting the object W from the collection point to the processing plant, a compactor truck 150 can be used. The compactor truck 150 allows for safe transport of the object W. When temporarily storing the object W at the waste collection point, a fire extinguishing device 140 can be used.

[0238] The transport of the target material W from the collection point to the processing plant can be carried out without using the packer truck 150, as follows: For example, the target material W can be transported in the fire extinguishing devices 170, 180, and 190 using general transport equipment other than the packer truck 150. Alternatively, the fire extinguishing devices 1 to 9 and 110 to 130 can be transported as they are using general transport equipment. General transport equipment includes not only specialized transport equipment equipped with solid fire extinguishing agents like the packer truck 150, but also vehicles such as trucks, railway vehicles, and aircraft.

[0239] In the processing plant, fire extinguishing devices can be used according to the equipment. For example, a configuration similar to that of fire extinguishing device 1 can be used in the area where the target material W is piled up. In the case of a conveyor that transports the target material W, a configuration similar to that of the solid fire extinguishing agent 20 of fire extinguishing device 1 can be used on the ceiling surface of the conveyor. It is also possible to place fire extinguishing sheets 160 on the ceiling surface and side walls of the conveyor.

[0240] Furthermore, in the case of objects W such as lithium-ion batteries, fire extinguishing devices 170, 180, and 190 can be used throughout the entire process from the home to the processing plant. This allows for the safe transport and storage of objects W.

[0241] (Embodiment 20) The solid fire extinguishing agent unit 200 will be described with reference to Figure 39. The solid fire extinguishing agent unit 200 is placed between adjacent battery cells 210. The solid fire extinguishing agent unit 200 includes a solid fire extinguishing agent 20 and a covering material 50. Although not shown, the solid fire extinguishing agent unit 200 may also include a solid fire extinguishing agent 20 and a holding member 30.

[0242] When any one of the adjacent battery cells 210 overheats, the solid fire extinguishing agent unit 200 functions as a thermal barrier, as well as a cooling and fire extinguishing device. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the transfer of heat from the overheated or ignited battery cell 210 to the adjacent battery cells 210.

Claims

A mounting surface formed from a material containing at least one of a fire-resistant material and a fire-extinguishing agent, on which an object that may burn or ignite is placed, One or more solid fire extinguishing agents, The system comprises a holding member positioned above the aforementioned mounting surface and at a distance from the aforementioned mounting surface, which holds the solid fire extinguishing agent and is configured to cause the solid fire extinguishing agent to fall due to the heat generated by the object, The solid fire extinguishing agent is configured to cover the upper surface of the object when it falls from the holding position by the holding member onto the upper surface of the object, and is configured to demarcate the fall area between the holding position and the upper surface of the object from the object area where the object is located. 　 The fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, wherein the solid fire extinguishing agent, upon falling onto the upper surface of the object, undergoes a thermal decomposition reaction due to the heat generated by the object, generates a non-combustible gas through the thermal decomposition reaction, and fills the area of ​​the object with the non-combustible gas. 　 The fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, wherein the solid fire extinguishing agent is configured to fall toward the upper surface of the object against the upward airflow when an upward airflow is generated due to the heat produced by the object. moreover, The solid fire extinguishing agent is covered with a covering material formed of a material that softens, melts, or disappears due to the heat generated by the object, The fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, wherein the holding member is configured to hold the solid fire extinguishing agent covered on the covering material, and to cause the solid fire extinguishing agent, which is at least partially covered on the covering material, to fall due to the heat generated by the object. 　 The aforementioned retaining member is The solid fire extinguishing agent has a lower surface holding portion, which is positioned at least on the lower surface of the solid fire extinguishing agent, is formed of a material that softens, melts, or disappears upon heat, and is configured to cause the solid fire extinguishing agent to fall by softening, melting, or disappearing. The fire extinguishing device according to claim 4, wherein the temperature at which the lower surface holding portion softens, melts, or disappears is lower than the temperature at which the covering material softens, melts, or disappears. 　 The solid fire extinguishing agent is formed in a sheet shape, The covering material is configured to be deformable and covers the solid fire extinguishing agent while having a gas between it and the upper surface of the solid fire extinguishing agent. The aforementioned covering material is A lower covering portion that covers the lower surface of the solid fire extinguishing agent and is configured to melt or disappear due to the heat generated by the object when the solid fire extinguishing agent falls, The solid fire extinguishing agent comprises an upper covering portion that covers the upper surface of the solid fire extinguishing agent, and which remains when at least the lower covering portion melts or disappears as the solid fire extinguishing agent falls. The fire extinguishing device according to claim 4, wherein at least a portion of the lower covering portion melts or disappears, and when the solid fire extinguishing agent covered at least by the upper covering portion falls, the upper covering portion is configured such that the center of gravity of the falling object is located below the aerodynamic center of the falling object. 　 moreover, It is made of a material containing at least one of a fire-resistant material and a fire-extinguishing agent, erected from the aforementioned mounting surface, and comprises a peripheral wall that surrounds the side surface of the object placed on the aforementioned mounting surface, The solid fire extinguishing agent is formed in a sheet shape, The aforementioned drop area is formed by the upper portion of the peripheral wall, The object region is formed by the lower portion of the peripheral wall, The fire extinguishing device according to claim 4, wherein the covering material is configured to be able to contact the peripheral wall when the solid fire extinguishing agent, which is at least partially covered by the covering material, falls and moves in the horizontal direction. 　 The fire extinguishing device according to claim 7, wherein the covering material is configured to be deformable and covers the solid fire extinguishing agent while having a gas between it and the outer surface of the solid fire extinguishing agent. 　 The fire extinguishing device according to claim 7, wherein the coefficient of friction between the covering material and the peripheral wall is smaller than the coefficient of friction between the solid fire extinguishing agent and the peripheral wall. moreover, It is made of a material containing at least one of a fire-resistant material and a fire-extinguishing agent, erected from the aforementioned mounting surface, and comprises a peripheral wall that surrounds the side surface of the object placed on the aforementioned mounting surface, The aforementioned drop area is formed by the upper portion of the peripheral wall, The aforementioned object region is, Formed by the lower portion of the aforementioned peripheral wall, The fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, wherein, when the solid fire extinguishing agent falls onto the upper surface of the object, it is surrounded by the aforementioned surface, the solid fire extinguishing agent, and the lower portion of the peripheral wall. 　 The solid fire extinguishing agent is formed in a sheet shape, Furthermore, the fire extinguishing device according to claim 1 is further provided with a guide that guides the direction in which the solid fire extinguishing agent falls when the solid fire extinguishing agent falls. 　 The solid fire extinguishing agent is in sheet form and is formed in a non-circular shape. Furthermore, the fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, further comprising a rotation restricting unit that restricts the rotation of the solid fire extinguishing agent around the surface normal of the sheet shape when the solid fire extinguishing agent falls. 　 The fire extinguishing device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the solid fire extinguishing agent comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of condensed phosphates, phosphates, carbonates, and sulfates as a fire extinguishing component. 　 The holding member holds one block of the solid fire extinguishing agent, The fire extinguishing device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the solid fire extinguishing agent in a single mass is formed in the shape of a sheet, a polyhedron, a sphere, or an oblate sphere. 　 The holding member holds a plurality of the solid fire extinguishing agent, The fire extinguishing device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein each of the plurality of solid fire extinguishing agents is formed in the shape of a sheet, a polyhedron, a sphere, an oblate sphere, or a rod. 　 Furthermore, the system includes multiple solid fire extinguishing agents, The fire extinguishing device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the holding member is configured to hold a plurality of the solid fire extinguishing agents stacked in the vertical direction, and to cause the plurality of solid fire extinguishing agents to fall sequentially due to the heat generated by the object. 　 A fire extinguishing sheet formed in a sheet shape, One or more solid fire extinguishing agents, A fire extinguishing sheet comprising a covering material formed of a material that covers the solid fire extinguishing agent and softens, melts, or disappears due to heat generated by the object being extinguished. 　 The fire extinguishing sheet according to claim 17, configured to partition the area above the object and the area where the object is located by being positioned to cover the upper surface of the object when the object is burning. 　 The fire extinguishing sheet according to claim 18, wherein the solid fire extinguishing agent is configured to undergo a thermal decomposition reaction by the heat generated by the target object, generate a non-combustible gas by the thermal decomposition reaction, and fill the target object area with the non-combustible gas. 　 The fire extinguishing sheet according to any one of claims 17 to 19, wherein the solid fire extinguishing agent comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of condensed phosphates, phosphates, carbonates, and sulfates as a fire extinguishing component. 　 Furthermore, the system includes multiple solid fire extinguishing agents, The fire extinguishing sheet according to any one of claims 17 to 19, wherein the covering material has a plurality of independent spaces arranged in the direction of the sheet surface, and each of the plurality of solid fire extinguishing agents is contained in each of the plurality of spaces. A solid fire extinguishing agent comprising one or more components selected from the group consisting of condensed phosphates, phosphates, carbonates, and sulfates as fire extinguishing components, and formed in the shape of a sheet, polyhedron, sphere, flattened sphere, rod, or container capable of containing the target object. 　 The fire extinguishing component includes at least one condensed phosphate and a phosphate, The solid fire extinguishing agent according to claim 22, wherein a raw material containing phosphate is heated and molded into a sheet shape, a polyhedron shape, a sphere shape, an oblate sphere shape, a rod shape, or a container shape capable of containing an object. 　 The solid fire extinguishing agent according to claim 23, wherein the raw material further comprises urea. 　 Formed in the aforementioned container shape, A container body formed to be able to place the aforementioned object, and including one or more selected from the group, A solid fire extinguishing agent according to any one of claims 22 to 24, comprising a lid configured to cover the object placed on the container body and including one or more selected from the group. One or more solid fire extinguishing agents, A solid fire extinguishing agent unit comprising: a holding member that contains the solid fire extinguishing agent and is formed of a material that softens, melts, or disappears by heat in at least a portion thereof. moreover, The solid fire extinguishing agent is covered with a covering material formed of a material that softens, melts, or disappears due to the heat generated by an object that has the potential to burn or ignite, The solid fire extinguishing agent unit according to claim 26, wherein the holding member contains the solid fire extinguishing agent covered with the covering material. 　 The solid fire extinguishing agent unit according to claim 27, wherein at least a portion of the holding member softens, melts, or disappears at a temperature lower than the temperature at which the covering material softens, melts, or disappears. 　 The solid fire extinguishing agent unit according to any one of claims 26 to 28, wherein the solid fire extinguishing agent comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of condensed phosphates, phosphates, carbonates, and sulfates as a fire extinguishing component, and is formed in the shape of a sheet, polyhedron, sphere, flattened sphere, rod, or container capable of containing an object. 　 The solid fire extinguishing agent is formed in a container shape capable of containing the target object, The aforementioned solid fire extinguishing agent is A container body formed to be able to place the aforementioned object, and including one or more selected from the group, The container has a lid that is configured to cover the object placed on the container body and includes one or more selected from the group, The aforementioned retaining member is A holding member body surrounding the outer surface of the container body, The solid fire extinguishing agent unit according to claim 29, comprising a retaining member lid surrounding the outer surface of the lid. 　 A solid fire extinguishing agent unit according to any one of claims 26 to 28, which is positioned between adjacent battery cells.

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