Terminal, wireless communication method, and base station

Abstract

A terminal according to one aspect of the present disclosure has a reception unit for receiving one trigger signal that triggers a plurality of first reports relating to inference and one second report relating to performance monitoring, and a control unit for controlling, on the basis of the one trigger signal, each of the plurality of first reports on the basis of a measurement result of a corresponding measurement resource and controlling the second report associated with the plurality of first reports. The interval between the plurality of first reports satisfies one or more conditions. According to the one aspect of the present disclosure, it is possible to achieve suitable overhead reduction / channel estimation / resource utilization.

Description

Terminal, wireless communication method, and base station

[0001] This disclosure relates to terminals, wireless communication methods, and base stations in next-generation mobile communication systems.

[0002] In the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) network, Long Term Evolution (LTE) was specified with the aim of achieving even higher data rates and lower latency (Non-Patent Literature 1). Furthermore, LTE-Advanced (3GPP Rel. 10-14) was specified with the aim of further increasing the capacity and sophistication of LTE (Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP®) Release (Rel.) 8, 9).

[0003] Successor systems to LTE (for example, 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G+ (plus), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), New Radio (NR), 3GPP Rel. 15 and later) are also being considered.

[0004] 3GPP TS 36.300 V8.12.0 “Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 (Release 8)”, April 2010

[0005] Regarding future wireless communication technologies, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies such as machine learning (ML) for network and device control and management is being considered.

[0006] Use cases for AI models being considered include spatial domain downlink (DL) beam prediction, temporal DL beam prediction, and positioning. Such beam prediction methods may also be called AI-based beam prediction (beam reporting) or AI-based beam management (BM). Temporal DL beam prediction may also be called, for example, time domain channel state information (CSI) prediction.

[0007] In the use of AI in this way, it is being considered to perform at least one of the following: inference result reporting (IR) and performance monitoring reporting (PR). However, cases in which instructions are applied to simultaneously trigger multiple IRs / CSI-RS have not been sufficiently considered. If this consideration is insufficient, optimal overhead reduction, channel estimation, and resource utilization may not be possible, potentially hindering improvements in communication throughput and communication quality.

[0008] Therefore, one of the objectives of this disclosure is to provide a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station that can achieve suitable overhead reduction, channel estimation, and resource utilization.

[0009] A terminal according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes a receiving unit that receives a trigger signal that triggers a plurality of first reports relating to inference and a second report relating to performance monitoring, and a control unit that controls each of the plurality of first reports based on the measurement results of the corresponding measurement resources and controls the second report associated with the plurality of first reports, wherein the interval between the plurality of first reports satisfies one or more conditions.

[0010] According to one aspect of this disclosure, suitable overhead reduction, channel estimation, and resource utilization can be achieved.

[0011] Figure 1 shows an example of an LCM framework for performance monitoring using a UE-side model. Figure 2 shows an example of joint triggering. Figure 3 shows an example of the interval between multiple measurement resources for multiple IRs [instances]. Figure 4 shows an example of multiple measurement resources for one PR [instance]. Figure 5 shows an example of the interval between time instances of multiple IRs. Figure 6 shows an example of a period related to condition 1G. Figure 7 shows an example of a period related to condition 1K / 1L. Figure 8 shows an example of an interval related to condition 2B. Figure 9 shows an example of an interval related to condition 2C. Figure 10 shows an example of a CPU occupancy period related to option 3A. Figure 11 shows an example of a CPU occupancy period related to option 3B. Figure 12 shows an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment. Figure 13 shows an example of a base station configuration according to one embodiment. Figure 14 shows an example of a user terminal configuration according to one embodiment. Figure 15 shows an example of a hardware configuration of a base station and user terminal according to one embodiment. Figure 16 shows an example of a vehicle according to one embodiment.

[0012] (AI Model) Regarding future wireless communication technology, the use of AI technologies such as machine learning (ML) for network / device control and management is being considered.

[0013] For example, AI technology is being considered for future wireless communication technologies to improve Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI) feedback (e.g., overhead reduction, accuracy improvement, prediction), beam management (e.g., accuracy improvement, prediction in the spatiotemporal domain), and position measurement (e.g., improved position estimation / prediction).

[0014] (Use cases for prediction using AI / ML technology) The following are examples of various predictions using AI / ML models: ・Beam prediction. In beam prediction, beams / resources that achieve RSRP / SINR greater than a threshold are targeted for prediction. Examples include temporal beam prediction, spatial domain beam prediction, and frequency domain beam prediction. ・Cell prediction. In cell prediction, cells that achieve RSRP / SINR greater than a threshold are targeted for prediction. Examples include temporal cell prediction, spatial domain cell prediction, and frequency domain cell prediction. ・CSI prediction. Examples of CSI prediction include temporal CSI prediction and spatial domain CSI prediction. For example, in spatial domain CSI prediction, the CSI for a larger number of antenna ports is predicted based on a smaller number of antenna ports.

[0015] In this disclosure, beam prediction, cell prediction, CSI prediction, and specific predictions [using AI / ML models] may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0016] (Lifecycle Management (LCM) in UE-side models) UE-assisted performance monitoring can be supported for beam prediction. Therefore, for example, reporting methods, reporting content, and reporting trigger methods (whether to trigger reporting based on specific events, and details of the events) are being considered.

[0017] The following points are also being considered.

[0018] In beam management (BM) cases 1 and 2 using the AI / ML model on the UE side, the following options 1 and 2 of performance monitoring may be supported. Option 1 and 2 of performance monitoring may also be called type 1 performance monitoring.

[0019] BM Case 1 may also be called spatial domain DL beam prediction. BM Case 2 may also be called temporal DL beam prediction.

[0020] Here, spatial domain DL beam prediction may refer to predicting the quality of beamset #B, for example, a dense beam, in a spatial domain based on the measurement [results] of beamset #A, for example, a space beam, in the same spatial domain.

[0021] Temporal DL beam prediction may also refer to predicting the quality of a beam (future beam) at a time later than the measurement time, based on the measurement [results] of a historical beam.

[0022] Furthermore, a beamset may be a set containing one or more beams. Beamset #A / #B may be simply read as set #A / #B.

[0023] <Option 1: Network-side performance monitoring> The UE sends a report to the network (e.g., gNB) so that the network can calculate performance metrics. In other words, the network calculates the performance metrics.

[0024] The report may include the L1-RSRP / RS index as measurement results from the monitoring resource set. However, the report is not limited to this and may include other content.

[0025] The report can be configured / triggered by the network at least.

[0026] <Option 2: UE-Assisted Performance Monitoring> The UE calculates the performance metrics. In Option 2, there is room for further consideration regarding the reporting method / content.

[0027] Further consideration is needed regarding whether to trigger reporting based on specific events for options 1 and 2.

[0028] FIG. 1 is an example of an LCM framework for performance monitoring using a UE-side model. The LCM procedure may include the six steps shown below. Note that among the multiple steps shown in FIG. 1, some steps (performance reporting / model request) may be omitted. Also, the order of the steps is merely an example.

[0029] <RS Measurement> In this step, RS (e.g., CSI-RS / SSB) for prediction (input to the AI model) and performance monitoring is measured.

[0030] <Performance Monitoring> In this step, the performance of the model and the fallback scheme is monitored.

[0031] <UE-side Model Evaluation> In this step, the monitored / reported performance is compared.

[0032] <Performance Reporting> In this step, the monitored performance is reported as needed.

[0033] <Model Request> In this step, the UE requests the NW as needed regarding which model to apply / fallback scheme to apply.

[0034] A <Model Activation / Deactivation> In this step, it is indicated which scheme is activated / activate a specific model. Note that after this step, it may return to the RS measurement step.

[0035] In the present disclosure, lifecycle management and performance monitoring may be read interchangeably with each other.

[0036] (Inference Result Reporting / Performance Monitoring Reporting) In future wireless communication technologies (e.g., after Rel. 19), it is being considered that the UE performs at least one of inference result reporting (IR) and performance monitoring reporting (PR).

[0037] The IR may include at least one of the following: a report of predictive beam information [for a particular time instance] (e.g., a report of the predicted RSRP, the indications of the top K beams, and the probabilities of the top K beams) and a report of predictive CSI [for a particular time instance] (e.g., a Type 2 Doppler CSI report).

[0038] The specific time instance that is the subject of the IR inference may be a time instance prior to the IR report or a time instance after the IR report.

[0039] PR may include reporting of pre-processed performance metrics corresponding to one or more IRs.

[0040] In beam prediction, PR may follow the CSI framework. Specifically, one or more dedicated resource sets for performance monitoring and at least one of the settings for performance monitoring may be configured within the dedicated CSI reporting settings used for performance monitoring.

[0041] In this disclosure, a PR instance may mean a CSI reporting instance for PR.

[0042] In this disclosure, an IR instance may mean a CSI reporting instance for IR.

[0043] In this disclosure, the term CSI reference resource may be interpreted as the latest CSI-RS / CSI-IM / SSB occasion, etc., that is no later than the corresponding CSI reference resource.

[0044] Furthermore, in beam prediction, it is being considered that PR and IR can be linked / associated through a specific ID (e.g., reporting setting ID). Specifically, in order to link / associate the settings related to IR and the settings related to PR, the ID of the settings related to IR may be set within the settings related to PR.

[0045] In the present disclosure, IR[-CSI], inference [result], prediction [result], [prediction] beam [report], [prediction] CSI [report], report, etc. may be read as each other.

[0046] In the present disclosure, PR[-CSI], [performance] monitoring [report / output], [performance] indicator [report], [CSI report for [performance] monitoring [report / output] / [performance] indicator [report]], report, etc. may be read as each other.

[0047] (CSI processing criteria) ((Number of consumed CPUs)) N CPU implies the number of CSI processing units (CSI processing unit, CPU). The UE may report / display the number of supported simultaneous CSI calculations (the maximum number of simultaneous CSI calculations) N CPU using the capability information (e.g., simultaneousCSI-ReportsPerCC).

[0048] When the UE supports N CPU simultaneous CSI calculations, the UE is assumed to have N CPU CPUs for processing CSI reports. If L CPUs are occupied for the calculation of CSI reports within one given OFDM symbol, the UE has N CPU -L unoccupied CPUs. On the same OFDM symbol where N-L CPUs are unoccupied, N CSI reports start occupying each CPU, and for each CSI report n = 0,..., N-1 of the N CSI reports, if it corresponds to O CPU (number of consumed CPUs for CSI report n), the UE is not required to update (calculate, process) N-M requested CSI reports from the lowest priority (highest priority value Pri CPU (n) (y,k,c,s)). Here, 0 ≦ M ≦ N is the maximum value for which Σ iCSI O n=0 M-1 O CPU (n) ≦ N CPU -L holds.

[0049] UE is N CPU It is not assumed that the setting will involve a non-periodic CSI (A-CSI) trigger state that includes more than one Report Setting. Processing CSI reports occupies several CPUs at some symbols, as in the following processes 1, 2, a, and 3. Processing CSI reports occupies 0, 1, or more CPUs (O CPU It consumes (CPU usage) (CPU occupancy rule).

[0050] ((CPU Occupancy)) In a CSI report with a CSI-ReportConfig that has a higher-layer parameter reportQuantity that is not set to 'none', one or more CPUs are occupied between the following multiple OFDM symbols (CPU occupation duration): ◆ A P-CSI report or SP-CSI report occupies one or more CPUs from the first symbol of the earliest resource among the multiple CSI-RS / CSI-IM / SSB resources for channel or interference measurement, where the last CSI-RS / CSI-IM / SSB occasion for each resource precedes the corresponding CSI reference resource, to the last symbol of the configured PUSCH / PUCCH that transmits the report. The P-CSI report or SP-CSI report excludes the first SP-CSI report on a PUSCH after the PDCCH that triggers the report. The time during which the P-CSI report or SP-CSI report occupies one or more CPUs may be called CPU occupancy duration 1. ◆ An A-CSI report occupies one or more CPUs from the first symbol after the PDCCH that triggers the CSI report until the last symbol of the PUSCH / PUCCH that transmits the report and is set. If the PDCCH reception includes two corresponding PDCCH candidates from two search space sets, the PDCCH candidate that ends later is used to determine the CPU occupancy duration. The time during which the A-CSI report occupies one or more CPUs may be called CPU occupancy duration 2. ◆ The first SP-CSI report on a PUSCH after a PDCCH trigger occupies one or more CPUs from the first symbol after that PDCCH until the last symbol of the PUSCH that transmits the report and is scheduled to transmit it. If the PDCCH reception includes two corresponding PDCCH candidates from two search space sets, the PDCCH candidate that terminates later is used to determine the CPU occupation duration.The time during which the SP-CSI report occupies one or more CPUs may be called the CPU occupancy duration 3. ◆The SP CSI report on PUSCH, which has a CSI-ReportConfig set with the higher-layer parameter codebookType set to 'typeII-Doppler-r18' or 'typeII-Doppler-PortSelection-r18', is not after the CSI reference resource, K. P From the first symbol of the second most recent consecutive P / SP CSI-RS occasion to the last symbol of the PUSCH carrying its report, one or more CPUs are occupied. Here, K P The values ​​for ∈{1,2,4} are displayed / reported by UE capabilities.

[0051] (Analysis) IR instances and PR instances are being considered for mapping / association.

[0052] Furthermore, it is being considered that a single PR instance will be acquired / determined / evaluated based on multiple performance metrics, and each performance metric will be acquired / determined / evaluated based on the IR instance and the measurement occasions / measurement resources for PR.

[0053] When a specific CSI report [type] (e.g., an A-CSI report) is used for IR, it may be necessary for multiple IRs (e.g., multiple A-CSI reports) to be reported together / simultaneously.

[0054] Furthermore, when a specific CSI-RS [type] (e.g., A-CSI-RS) is used for measuring PR, it may be necessary for multiple CSI-RSs (e.g., multiple A-CSI-RSs) to be triggered together / simultaneously.

[0055] Here, several instructions are being considered for simultaneously triggering multiple IRs / CSI-RSs: ◆ First instruction: Multiple IRs and one PR are triggered together / simultaneously. ◆ Second instruction: One burst IR (which may be interpreted as a set of IRs, etc.) and one PR are triggered together / simultaneously.

[0056] However, the cases in which instructions to trigger multiple IR / CSI-RS simultaneously are applied have not been sufficiently considered. If these considerations are insufficient, optimal overhead reduction, channel estimation, and resource utilization may not be achieved, potentially hindering improvements in communication throughput and communication quality.

[0057] Therefore, the inventors have conceived of the following embodiments. According to one aspect of this disclosure, suitable overhead reduction / channel estimation / resource utilization can be achieved.

[0058] The embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Each wireless communication method according to the embodiments may be applied individually or in combination.

[0059] (Various substitutions) In this disclosure, words enclosed in parentheses () may indicate an explanation of the preceding word (e.g., an explanation of spelling), a paraphrase, a specific example, or supplementary explanation. Also, in this disclosure, words enclosed in square brackets ([]) may be interpreted as part of the overall meaning of the text, or they may be interpreted as being excluded (ignored). Note that parentheses () and square brackets ([]) may be used for purposes / meanings other than those described above.

[0060] In this disclosure, "A / B" and "at least one of A and B" may be interpreted as mutually exclusive. In this disclosure, "A / B / C" may mean "at least one of A, B, and C".

[0061] In this disclosure, terms such as notice, activate, deactivate, indicate (or specify), select, configure, update, and determine may be interpreted interchangeably. In this disclosure, terms such as support, control, controllable, operate, and capable of operating may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0062] In this disclosure, Radio Resource Control (RRC), RRC parameters, RRC messages, higher-layer parameters, fields, Information Elements (IE), settings, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably. In this disclosure, Medium Access Control elements (MAC Control Elements (CE)), update commands, activation / deactivation commands, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0063] In this disclosure, the upper layer signaling may be any or a combination thereof, such as Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information, and other messages (e.g., messages from the core network, such as positioning protocol messages (e.g., NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPPa) / LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP)) messages).

[0064] In this disclosure, MAC signaling may include, for example, MAC Control Elements (MAC CEs) and MAC Protocol Data Units (PDUs). Broadcast information may include, for example, Master Information Blocks (MIBs), System Information Blocks (SIBs), Remaining Minimum System Information (RMSIs), and Other System Information (OSIs).

[0065] In this disclosure, physical layer signaling may include, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI) and Uplink Control Information (UCI).

[0066] In this disclosure, beam prediction and predicted beam may be interpreted interchangeably. Similarly, CSI prediction and predicted CSI may be interpreted interchangeably. Furthermore, cell prediction and predicted cell may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0067] In this disclosure, CSI-RS, Non Zero Power (NZP) CSI-RS, Zero Power (ZP) CSI-RS, and CSI Interference Measurement (CSI-IM) may be interpreted as interchangeable. Furthermore, CSI-RS may include other reference signals.

[0068] In this disclosure, the measured / reported RS may mean the RS measured / reported for CSI reporting.

[0069] In this disclosure, estimation, prediction, and inference may be interpreted interchangeably. Furthermore, in this disclosure, estimate, predict, and infer may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0070] In this disclosure, RSRP may be interpreted as any parameter relating to received power / received quality, etc. (e.g., RSRQ, SINR, CSI).

[0071] In this disclosure, RS may be, for example, CSI-RS, SS / PBCH block (SS block (SSB)), etc. Also, the RS index may be a CSI-RS Resource Indicator (CRI), an SS / PBCH Block Resource Indicator (SSBRI), etc.

[0072] In this disclosure, channel measurement / estimation may be performed using, for example, at least one of the following: Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS), Synchronization Signal (SS), Synchronization Signal / Physical Broadcast Channel (SS / PBCH) block, DeModulation Reference Signal (DMRS), Sounding Reference Signal (SRS).

[0073] In this disclosure, the terms "initiation of reporting" and "trigger for reporting" may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0074] In this disclosure, the prediction results and monitoring outputs may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0075] In this disclosure, the following can be interpreted interchangeably: triggering / activating IRs and PRs with the same (single) trigger signal; triggering / activating multiple IRs with the same (single) trigger signal; triggering / activating multiple PRs with the same (single) trigger signal; applying / setting joint triggering [of IRs / PRs]; applying / setting joint activation [of IRs / PRs]; etc.

[0076] In this disclosure, reporting IRs and PRs in the same reporting instance / UCI, reporting multiple IRs in the same reporting instance / UCI, reporting multiple PRs in the same reporting instance / UCI, and the application / establishment of joint reporting [of IRs / PRs] may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0077] In this disclosure, reporting instance, IR [instance], PR [instance], UCI, PUCCH, PUSCH, CSI [reporting] [instance] [for IR / PR], uplink signal, uplink channel, uplink resource, reporting resource, resource, etc., may be interpreted as one another.

[0078] In this disclosure, the trigger signal may mean a signal that triggers / activates the IR / PR.

[0079] In this disclosure, the terms trigger signal, DCI, MAC CE, PDCCH, PDSCH, downlink signal, downlink channel, downlink resource, instruction, notification, setting, triggering [command], activation [command], first instruction, second instruction, etc., may be interpreted as any other.

[0080] In this disclosure, the terms "PR is associated with IR," "IR is associated with PR," and "PR and IR are associated with each other" may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0081] In this disclosure, the words report, calculate, derive, generate, and obtain may be interpreted as being interchangeable.

[0082] In this disclosure, the number of CPUs may mean the number of CSIs that can be computed / processed / held simultaneously, derived based on the terminal's processing power / processing resources (such as a processor).

[0083] In this disclosure, CPU utilization, CPU utilization rate, CPU utilization time, number of occupied CPUs, number of CPUs, O CPU , O CPU (n) , Σ n=0 M-1 O CPU (n) The terms "number of occupied CPUs" and "number of consumed CPUs" may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0084] In this disclosure, processing / calculation, CSI reporting, CSI calculation, simultaneous CSI calculation, CSI reporting that can be measured and processed simultaneously, CSI processing, CSI, CPU, [Report / Information] processing unit, and CSI-RS resources / CSI-RS ports that are calculated / measured / processed for CSI may be interpreted as one another.

[0085] In this disclosure, IR, multiple IRs, burst IR, set of IRs, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0086] In this disclosure, terms such as "settings," "reporting settings," "CSI reporting settings," "IR settings," and "PR settings" may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0087] (Wireless Communication Method) In this disclosure, a UE may measure one or more [measurement] resources / occasions (e.g., CSI-RS resources / occasions) based on settings related to IR (hereinafter also referred to as IR settings). Based on the measurement results of the one or more [measurement] resources / occasions, the UE may calculate / derive one or more inference results for one or more time instances (time resources). Based on the one or more inference results, the UE may report one or more IRs.

[0088] In this disclosure, a UE may measure one or more [Measurement] resources / occasions (e.g., CSI-RS resources / occasions) based on PR settings (hereinafter also referred to as PR settings). A UE may calculate / derive performance information (e.g., performance metrics, performance monitoring results) based on the measurement results of the one or more [Measurement] resources / occasions and the values / inference results of one or more IRs linked / associated within the PR settings. A UE may report one or more PRs based on such performance information.

[0089] In this disclosure, IR [reporting] may be a non-periodic IR (AP-IR) [reporting], a semi-persistent IR (SP-IR) [reporting], or a periodic IR (P-IR) [reporting].

[0090] In this disclosure, PR [reporting] may be a non-periodic PR (AP-PR) [reporting], a semi-persistent PR (SP-PR) [reporting], or a periodic PR (P-PR) [reporting].

[0091] In this disclosure, unless otherwise specified, "[P / SP / AP-]IR" may mean one or more [P / SP / AP-]IRs. In other words, in this disclosure, [P / SP / AP-]IR, one or more [P / SP / AP-]IRs, one [P / SP / AP-]IR, multiple [P / SP / AP-]IRs, etc., may be interpreted as one another.

[0092] In this disclosure, unless otherwise specified, "[P / SP / AP-]PR" may mean one or more [P / SP / AP-]PRs. In other words, in this disclosure, [P / SP / AP-]PR, one or more [P / SP / AP-]PRs, one [P / SP / AP-]PR, multiple [P / SP / AP-]PRs, etc., may be interpreted as one another.

[0093] In this disclosure, one PR may be based on (or associated with) one or more IRs.

[0094] In this disclosure, unless otherwise specified, “CPU” may mean one or more CPUs. In other words, in this disclosure, CPU, one or more CPUs, one CPU, multiple CPUs, etc., may be interpreted as interchangeable.

[0095] In this disclosure, the phrases "the CPU is occupied for IR / PR," "the UE performs processing / calculations related to IR / PR by occupying the CPU," and "the UE reports / calculates / derives / acquires / generates / processes [information related to IR / PR] by occupying the CPU" may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0096] In this disclosure, CPU, prediction CPU, AI / ML [processing] CPU, IR / PR [processing] CPU, etc. may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0097] In this disclosure, a time instance may mean the first / middle / last slot / symbol / subframe / unit time of the time instance.

[0098] In this disclosure, a measurement resource for PR may mean at least one of several resources / occasions: ◆ One or more measurement resources / occasions configured within a PR setting (for the PR); ◆ One or more measurement resources / occasions for IRs linked to / associated with the PR (for example, one or more measurement resources / occasions configured within an IR setting corresponding to an IR setting ID configured within a PR setting); ◆ One or more measurement resources / occasions for IRs triggered / activated / reported simultaneously with the PR.

[0099] In this disclosure, the submission of IR / PR may be omitted. For example, if a UE performs inference for IR in order to calculate PR, the UE does not need to report IR regarding the results of such inference.

[0100] <Embodiment 0> Embodiment 0 relates to IR / PR triggering.

[0101] <<Joint Triggering>> The UE may trigger / activate the IR and PR by the same (single) trigger signal (e.g., the same (single) [triggering]DCI / [triggering]MACCE) (see Figure 2). Triggering / activating the IR and PR by the same trigger signal may be called joint triggering. Joint triggering may include at least one of the following: multiple IRs being triggered by the same trigger signal, and multiple PRs being triggered by the same trigger signal.

[0102] IR and PR may be set to the same triggering state.

[0103] For example, the UE may trigger / activate both the IR and PR with the same (single) trigger signal.

[0104] Furthermore, for example, the UE may deactivate both the IR and PR with the same (single) trigger signal.

[0105] Multiple IRs may be set to the same triggering state.

[0106] For example, a UE may trigger / activate multiple IRs (e.g., all IRs to be set) with the same (single) trigger signal.

[0107] Furthermore, for example, a UE may deactivate multiple IRs (e.g., all IRs that are set) by the same (single) trigger signal.

[0108] Multiple PRs may be set to the same triggering state.

[0109] For example, a UE may trigger / activate multiple PRs (e.g., all PRs to be set) with the same (single) trigger signal.

[0110] Furthermore, for example, a UE may deactivate multiple PRs (e.g., all PRs that are set) by the same (single) trigger signal.

[0111] The IR and PR may be activated through the same (single) trigger signal.

[0112] The trigger signal as the first instruction described above may include, for example, a PR setting ID indicating one PR, a plurality of IR setting IDs indicating a plurality of different IRs, and information that triggers a trigger state including [a trigger state including].

[0113] The trigger signal as the second instruction described above may include, for example, a PR setting ID indicating one PR, a [burst] IR setting ID indicating one burst IR, and information that triggers a [trigger state including]. The IR setting for a burst IR may be associated with information such as the reporting cycle of the burst IR, the timing of the first report, and the number of reports. A UE that triggers a burst IR may send the first IR at the initial timing, and thereafter send IRs at each of the reporting cycles [until the number of reports described above is reached].

[0114] A trigger signal may trigger / activate either the IR or PR. The UE may assume / determine that the other IR or PR (for example, the IR / PR associated with the IR / PR that is triggered / activated by the trigger signal) will also be triggered / activated.

[0115] For example, if a PR is triggered / activated, the UE may assume / determine that related IRs (e.g., IRs associated with the triggered / activated PR) will also be triggered / activated.

[0116] For example, if an IR is triggered / activated, the UE may assume / determine that related PRs (e.g., PRs associated with the triggered / activated IR) will also be triggered / activated.

[0117] IRs and PRs triggered / activated by the same (single) trigger signal may be reported in the same [Report / Time] instance. Reporting IRs and PRs in the same [Report / Time] instance may be called a joint report. A joint report may include at least one of reporting multiple IRs in the same [Report / Time] instance, or reporting multiple PRs in the same [Report / Time] instance.

[0118] IRs and PRs triggered / activated by the same (single) trigger signal may be reported in different (multiple) [report / time] instances. Reporting IRs and PRs in different [report / time] instances may be called separate reporting. Separate reporting may include at least one of reporting multiple IRs in different [report / time] instances and reporting multiple PRs in different [report / time] instances.

[0119] According to Embodiment 0, since IR and PR can be triggered / activated by the same (single) DCI / MAC CE, the increase in communication overhead can be suppressed.

[0120] <Embodiment 1> Embodiment 1 relates to the IR / PR interval when the first instruction is applied.

[0121] If multiple IRs and one PR are triggered together (simultaneously), the reported value of that PR may be obtained / determined / judged based on those multiple IRs.

[0122] Multiple triggered IRs / a single PR may satisfy at least one of the following conditions 1A to 1L. The UE may expect that multiple triggered IRs / a single PR will satisfy at least one of the following conditions 1A to 1L.

[0123] <<Condition 1A>> Condition 1A is that the interval between multiple measurement resources for the multiple IR [instances] (intervals A1 / A2 in Figure 3) is longer than the first period.

[0124] In this disclosure, interval, interval size, [time] offset, period, period, number of symbols, number of slots, number of subframes, number of frames, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0125] Furthermore, in this disclosure, the interval between A and B (where A and B correspond to different time resources, instances, etc., and A is earlier in time than B) may mean the interval from the end of A (e.g., the end of the last symbol of A) to the start of B (e.g., the start of the first symbol of B), as illustrated in Figure 3 and subsequent drawings, or it may mean the interval from the first timing related to A to the second timing related to B.

[0126] Here, the first timing described above may be at least one of the following: ◆ the start of A (e.g., the beginning of the first symbol of A), ◆ the middle of A (e.g., the middle symbol of A), ◆ the end of A (e.g., the end of the last symbol of A). Also, the second timing described above may be at least one of the following: ◆ the start of B (e.g., the beginning of the first symbol of B), ◆ the middle of B (e.g., the middle symbol of B), ◆ the end of B (e.g., the end of the last symbol of B).

[0127] The sizes of the intervals may be the same or different. For example, in Figure 3, the size of interval A1 may be the same as or different from the size of interval A2.

[0128] The first period described above may be a period notified / instructed by the base station / network using upper layer signaling / MAC CE / DCI, a period based on UE capabilities, or a period predefined in the specifications.

[0129] <<Condition 1B>> Condition 1B is that the interval between multiple measurement resources for the above one PR [instance] (e.g., interval B1 / B2 in Figure 4) is longer than the second period. Note that the above one PR [instance] may be linked / associated with different IR [instances] for calculating performance metrics (e.g., multiple triggered IRs).

[0130] In this disclosure, the interval between multiple measurement resources for a single PR [instance] may mean at least one of the following intervals: ◆ The interval between a specific measurement resource set up within the PR setting for that PR and the next measurement resource set up within the PR setting (i.e., the interval between measurement resource for PR and the next measurement resource for PR in Figure 4 and subsequent drawings). ◆ The interval between a measurement resource for a specific IR linked to / associated with that PR and the next measurement resource for the next IR linked to / associated with that PR (i.e., the interval between measurement resource for IR / [PR] and the next measurement resource for IR / [PR] in Figure 4 and subsequent drawings). ◆The interval between the measurement resource for a specific IR linked to / associated with that one PR and the measurement resource set within the PR settings for that one PR (i.e., the interval between measurement resource for IR / [PR] and measurement resource for PR in Figure 4 and subsequent drawings).

[0131] The sizes of the intervals may be the same or different. For example, in Figure 4, the size of interval B1 may be the same as or different from the size of interval B2.

[0132] The second period described above may be a period notified / instructed by the base station / network using upper layer signaling / MAC CE / DCI, a period based on UE capabilities, or a period predefined in the specifications.

[0133] <<Condition 1C>> Condition 1C is that the interval between the time instances of the above multiple IRs (interval C1 / C2 in Figure 5) is longer than the third period.

[0134] The sizes of the intervals may be the same or different. For example, in Figure 5, the size of interval C1 may be the same as or different from the size of interval C2.

[0135] The third period described above may be a period notified / instructed by the base station / network using upper layer signaling / MAC CE / DCI, a period based on UE capabilities, or a period predefined in the specifications.

[0136] <<Condition 1D>> Condition 1D is that the interval between multiple measurement resources for the multiple IR [instances] mentioned above (intervals A1 / A2 in Figure 3) is constant.

[0137] For example, in Figure 3, the size of interval A1 may be the same as the size of interval A2.

[0138] <<Condition 1E>> Condition 1E is that the interval between multiple measurement resources for the above one PR [instance] (interval B1 / B2 in Figure 4) is constant. Note that the above one PR [instance] may be linked / associated with different IR [instances] for calculating performance metrics (e.g., the above multiple IRs that are triggered).

[0139] For example, in Figure 4, the size of interval B1 may be the same as the size of interval B2.

[0140] <<Condition 1F>> Condition 1F is that the interval between the time instances of the above multiple IRs (interval C1 / C2 in Figure 5) is constant.

[0141] For example, in Figure 5, the size of interval C1 may be the same as the size of interval C2.

[0142] <<Condition 1G>> Condition 1G is that the period from the timing of reporting a specific IR to a specific timing (periods D1 / D2 / D3 / D4 in Figure 6) is four periods or longer. The above specific timing may be at least one of the following: measurement resources for IR after the above specific IR, and measurement resources for PR after the above specific IR that are linked to / associated with IR after the above specific IR for the calculation of performance indicators (where the measurement resources for PR after the above specific IR are linked to / associated with IR for the calculation of performance indicators after the above specific IR).

[0143] The fourth period described above may be a period notified / instructed by the base station / network using upper layer signaling / MAC CE / DCI, a period based on UE capability, or a period predefined in the specifications.

[0144] <<Condition 1H>> Condition 1H is that the time / frequency domain resource allocation within each slot is the same for the above multiple IRs. For example, if conditions 1F and 1H are met simultaneously, the interval between the above multiple IRs is constant at the symbol level, not at the time instance level.

[0145] <<Condition 1I>> Condition 1I is that the time / frequency domain resource allocation within each slot is the same for the multiple measurement resources for the multiple IRs mentioned above. For example, if conditions 1D and 1I are met simultaneously, the interval between the multiple measurement resources for the multiple IRs is constant at the symbol level, not at the time instance level.

[0146] <<Condition 1J>> Condition 1J is that the time / frequency domain resource allocation within each slot is the same for multiple measurement resources for the above single PR. For example, if conditions 1E and 1J are met simultaneously, the interval between the multiple measurement resources for the above multiple PRs is constant at the symbol level, not at the time instance level.

[0147] <<Condition 1K>> Condition 1K is that the above-mentioned PR is reported at or after the fifth period (period E in Figure 7) has elapsed since the reporting of the most recent / last [triggered] IR [among the above-mentioned multiple IRs].

[0148] The fifth period described above may be a period notified / instructed by the base station / network using upper layer signaling / MAC CE / DCI, a period based on UE capability, or a period predefined in the specifications.

[0149] <<Condition 1L>> Condition 1L is that the above-mentioned PR is reported at a time [or later] after the sixth period (periods F1 / F2 in Figure 7) has elapsed from the measurement resource [last symbol] for that PR. The measurement resource [last symbol] may be the measurement resource [last symbol] for a PR that is linked to / associated with the latest / last [triggered] IR for the calculation of the performance index.

[0150] The sixth period described above may be a period notified / instructed by the base station / network using upper layer signaling / MAC CE / DCI, a period based on UE capability, or a period predefined in the specifications.

[0151] <<Variations>> UE may expect that the intervals of the above conditions 1D / 1E / 1F are the same. For example, at least one of intervals A1, A2 in Figure 3, B1, B2 in Figure 4, C1 and C2 in Figure 5 may be the same.

[0152] Furthermore, any operation / process / condition in this embodiment may be applied in cases where the second instruction is applicable.

[0153] According to Embodiment 1 described above, an appropriate interval can be provided between IR / PR triggers that occur simultaneously, thereby reducing the processing load related to IR / PR.

[0154] <Embodiment 2> Embodiment 2 relates to the interval between IR / PR when the second instruction is applied.

[0155] The UE may be triggered by DCI to X CSI reports (e.g., IR / PR) with specific intervals.

[0156] The value of X above may be a value notified / instructed from the base station / network using upper layer signaling / MAC CE / DCI, a value based on UE capability, or a value predefined in the specification.

[0157] The above-mentioned specific interval may satisfy at least one of the following conditions:

[0158] ◆Condition 2A: The specific intervals mentioned above are intervals notified / instructed by the base station / NW using upper layer signaling / MAC CE / DCI, intervals based on UE capability, or intervals predefined in the specifications.

[0159] ◆Condition 2B: The specific intervals mentioned above are the same as the intervals between the relevant A-CSI-RS (e.g., measurement resources for the X CSI reports [of which IR]) (see Figure 8).

[0160] ◆Condition 2C: The specific interval described above is the same as the period of the relevant P / SP-CSI-RS (e.g., the measurement resources for the X CSI reports [of which IR]) (see Figure 9).

[0161] <<Variations>> Any operation / process / condition of this embodiment may be applied in cases where the first instruction is applied, or in cases where joint triggering is not applied (for example, in cases where PR is not triggered and only burst IR is triggered).

[0162] According to the embodiment 2 described above, an appropriate interval can be provided between IR / PR that are triggered simultaneously, thereby reducing the processing load related to IR / PR.

[0163] <Embodiment 3> Embodiment 3 relates to CPU occupancy in a case to which the second instruction is applied.

[0164] If a UE triggers / sets Y CSI reports (e.g., IR / PR) by the same (single) report setting (e.g., IR setting / PR setting) / trigger signal (e.g., MAC CE / DCI / PDCCH), then Z CPUs may be occupied for those Y CSI reports. The above Y and Z may be integers of 1 or more.

[0165] The number Z mentioned above may be the number of CPUs occupied for processing a single CSI report.

[0166] The above Z CPUs may follow at least one of the following options.

[0167] ◆Option 3A: The Z CPUs may be occupied for the period from the first symbol after triggering by the trigger signal to the last symbol of the latest IR [of the Y CSI reports] (see Figure 10).

[0168] ◆Option 3B: The Z CPUs mentioned above may be occupied for a specific period. This specific period may be from the timing before the first symbol of the earliest resource among the CSI-RS / CSI-IM / SSB resources for channel / interference measurement (i.e., measurement resources for the specific CSI report) corresponding to a specific CSI report (e.g., IR / PR) among the Y CSI reports, until the reporting [instance] of the specific CSI report [based on the CSI-RS / CSI-IM / SSB resources] (see Figure 11). This specific period may also be a period notified / instructed by the base station / NW using upper layer signaling / MAC CE / DCI, a period based on UE capability, or a period predefined in the specification. Outside of the specified period, the CPUs may be occupied for other CSI reports.

[0169] <<Variations>> Any operation / process of this embodiment may be applied in cases where the first instruction is applied, or in cases where joint triggering is not applied (for example, in cases where PR is not triggered and only burst IR is triggered).

[0170] Any operation / process of this embodiment may be applied only to CSI reports (e.g., IRs) for reporting inference results. In this case, the Y CSI reports may mean only the IRs among the IRs / PRs triggered / set by the same report setting / trigger signal. In other words, the Y CSI reports may be read as Y IRs.

[0171] According to Embodiment 3 described above, the number of CPUs occupied and the duration of CPU occupation required for IR / PR processing can be suppressed, thereby reducing the processing load related to IR / PR. For example, when Y CSI reports are triggered simultaneously, in the existing specification, the UE performs the processing for the Y CSI reports by occupying Y times the number of CPUs occupied for processing one CSI report. However, according to Embodiment 3, the UE can perform the processing for the Y CSI reports by occupying the same number of CPUs as the number of CPUs occupied for processing one CSI report.

[0172] <Supplement> <<Notification of Information to UE>> In the embodiments described above, notification of any information from the Network (NW) (e.g., Base Station (BS)) to the UE (in other words, reception of any information from the BS at the UE) may be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), specific signals / channels (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH, reference signal), or a combination thereof.

[0173] If the above notification is made by a MAC CE, the MAC CE may be identified by the inclusion of a new Logical Channel ID (LCID) not defined in existing standards in the MAC subheader.

[0174] If the above notification is made by DCI, the notification may be made by a specific field of the DCI, a Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) used to scramble the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) bits assigned to the DCI, or the format of the DCI.

[0175] Furthermore, the notification of arbitrary information to the UE in the above-described embodiment may be periodic, semi-persistent, or aperiodic.

[0176] <<Notification of Information from UE>> Notification of any information from the UE to the NW in the embodiments described above (in other words, transmission / reporting of any information from the UE to the BS) may be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., UCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), specific signals / channels (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH, PRACH, reference signals), or a combination thereof.

[0177] If the above notification is made by a MAC CE, the MAC CE may be identified by the inclusion of a new LCID not specified in existing standards in the MAC subheader.

[0178] If the above notice is made by the UCI, the notice may be transmitted using PUCCH or PUSCH.

[0179] Furthermore, the notification of any information from the UE in the above-described embodiment may be periodic, semi-persistent, or aperiodic.

[0180] <<Regarding the application of each embodiment>> In UE / BS, specific (one or more) processes / operations / controls / assumptions / information for at least one of the embodiments described above may be applied (or used) if any or more of the following conditions are met: - A higher-layer parameter indicating the specific process / operation / control / assumption / information is set; - The specific process / operation / control / assumption / information is determined based on the relevant higher-layer parameter; - The specific process / operation / control / assumption / information is designated / activated / triggered by MAC CE / DCI / UCI / Resource / Channel / RS; - A specific UE capability indicating (or related to) the specific process / operation / control / assumption / information is reported or supported; - The application of the specific process / operation / control / assumption / information is determined based on specific conditions.

[0181] The above-mentioned specific UE capabilities may include at least one of the following: supporting the above-mentioned specific processing / operation / control / assumption / information; supporting specific features / models relating to the above-mentioned specific processing / operation / control / assumption / information; supporting joint triggering; supporting joint / separate reporting; and supporting beam prediction / IR / PR.

[0182] Furthermore, the above-mentioned specific UE capability may be a capability that applies across all frequencies (commonly regardless of frequency), a capability per frequency (e.g., one or a combination thereof, such as cell, band, band combination, BWP, component carrier, etc.), a capability per frequency range (e.g., Frequency Range 1 (FR1), FR2, FR3, FR4, FR5, FR2-1, FR2-2), a capability per subcarrier spacing (SCS), or a capability per feature set (FS) or feature set per component-carrier (FSPC).

[0183] Furthermore, the specific UE capabilities described above may be capabilities that apply across all duplexing schemes (common to all duplexing schemes regardless of the duplexing scheme), or they may be capabilities specific to each duplexing scheme (e.g., Time Division Duplex (TDD), Frequency Division Duplex (FDD)).

[0184] If the above conditions are not met, UE / BS may follow the behavior specified in existing 3GPP releases.

[0185] (Note) The following inventions are added with respect to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Note 1] A terminal comprising: a receiving unit that receives one trigger signal that triggers a plurality of first reports relating to inference and one second report relating to performance monitoring; and a control unit that controls each of the plurality of first reports based on the measurement results of the corresponding measurement resources and controls the second reports associated with the plurality of first reports, wherein the interval between the plurality of first reports satisfies one or more conditions. [Note 2] The terminal according to Note 1, wherein the one or more conditions is at least one of the following: the interval is longer than a specific period; the interval is constant; and the time / frequency domain resource allocation in each slot for the plurality of first reports is the same. [Note 3] The terminal according to Note 1 or Note 2, wherein one or more of the above conditions is at least one of the following: the interval is the same as the interval of aperiodic channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS) associated with the plurality of first reports, and the interval is the same as the period of a periodic or semi-persistent CSI-RS associated with the plurality of first reports. [Note 4] The terminal according to any one of Notes 1 to 3, wherein one or more channel state information processing units (CPUs) are occupied for a specific period of time for at least one of the plurality of first reports and the second reports, and the specific period is at least one of the following: the period from the first symbol after one trigger signal to the last symbol of the latest first report among the plurality of first reports, and the period from the timing prior to the first symbol of a specific resource among the measurement resources to a specific first report based on the specific resource.

[0186] (Wireless Communication System) The configuration of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment of this disclosure will be described below. In this wireless communication system, communication is performed using any of the wireless communication methods according to the above embodiments of this disclosure, or a combination thereof.

[0187] Figure 12 shows an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment. The wireless communication system 1 (which may also be simply called system 1) may be a system that realizes communication using Long Term Evolution (LTE), 5th generation mobile communication system New Radio (5G NR), etc., as specified by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0188] Furthermore, the wireless communication system 1 may support dual connectivity between multiple Radio Access Technologies (RATs) (Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC)). MR-DC may include dual connectivity between LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)), dual connectivity between NR and LTE (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC)), and the like.

[0189] In EN-DC, the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the Master Node (MN), and the NR base station (gNB) is the Secondary Node (SN). In NE-DC, the NR base station (gNB) is the MN, and the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the SN.

[0190] The wireless communication system 1 may support dual connectivity between multiple base stations within the same RAT (for example, dual connectivity where both MN and SN are NR base stations (gNB) (NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC))).

[0191] The wireless communication system 1 may include a base station 11 that forms a macrocell C1 with relatively wide coverage, and base stations 12 (12a-12c) located within the macrocell C1 that form a small cell C2 that is narrower than the macrocell C1. User terminals 20 may be located within at least one cell. The arrangement, number, shape, size, etc., of each cell and user terminal 20 are not limited to the configuration shown in the figure. Hereinafter, when base stations 11 and 12 are not distinguished, they will be collectively referred to as base station 10.

[0192] The wireless communication system 1 may utilize Multi Input Multi Output (MIMO). For example, one cell may be formed by one antenna / base station 10, or by multiple antennas / base stations 10. One [virtual] cell (which may be called a supercell, for example) may be composed of multiple [virtual] cells (which may be called subcells, for example). A supercell may correspond to a cell with a fixed physical range, and a subcell may correspond to a cell whose physical range fluctuates quasi-statically / dynamically. In this case, the wireless communication system 1 may be called a cell-free system.

[0193] The user terminal 20 may be connected to at least one of the multiple base stations 10. The user terminal 20 may utilize at least one of Carrier Aggregation (CA) using multiple Component Carriers (CC) and Dual Connectivity (DC).

[0194] Each CC may be included in at least one of the first frequency band (Frequency Range 1 (FR1)) and the second frequency band (Frequency Range 2 (FR2)). A macrocell C1 may be included in FR1, and a small cell C2 may be included in FR2. For example, FR1 may be a frequency band of 6 GHz or less (sub-6 GHz), and FR2 may be a frequency band above 24 GHz. Note that the frequency bands and definitions of FR1 and FR2 are not limited to these, and for example, FR1 may be in a frequency band higher than FR2.

[0195] Furthermore, the user terminal 20 may communicate in each CC using at least one of Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD).

[0196] Multiple base stations 10 may be connected by wire (e.g., optical fiber compliant with Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), X2 / Xn interface, etc.) or wireless (e.g., NR communication). For example, when NR communication is used as a backhaul between base stations 11 and 12, base station 11, which is the upstream station, may be called an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) donor, and base station 12, which is the relay station, may be called an IAB node.

[0197] Base station 10 may be connected to the core network 30 via other base stations 10 or directly. The core network 30 may include at least one of the following: Evolved Packet Core (EPC), 5G Core Network (5GCN), Next Generation Core (NGC), etc.

[0198] The core network 30 may include network functions (NF) such as User Plane Function (UPF), Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), Session Management Function (SMF), Unified Data Management (UDM), Application Function (AF), Data Network (DN), Location Management Function (LMF), and Operation, Administration and Maintenance (Management) (OAM). Multiple functions may be provided by a single network node. Furthermore, communication with an external network (e.g., the Internet) may occur via the DN.

[0199] The user terminal 20 may be a terminal that supports at least one of the following communication methods: LTE, LTE-A, 5G, etc.

[0200] In the wireless communication system 1, an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)-based wireless access scheme may be used. For example, Cyclic Prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM), Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-OFDM), etc., may be used in at least one of the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL).

[0201] The wireless access method may also be called a waveform. In wireless communication system 1, other wireless access methods (for example, other single-carrier transmission methods, other multi-carrier transmission methods) may be used for the UL and DL wireless access methods.

[0202] In the wireless communication system 1, a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), a Broadcast Channel (PBCH), or a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) may be used as the downlink channel, which is shared by each user terminal 20.

[0203] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, the uplink channel may include a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH), a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH), a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH), or the like, all of which are shared by each user terminal 20.

[0204] User data, higher-layer control information, and System Information Blocks (SIBs) are transmitted via PDSCH. User data and higher-layer control information may also be transmitted via PUSCH. Furthermore, Master Information Blocks (MIBs) may be transmitted via PBCH.

[0205] Lower-layer control information may be transmitted by PDCCH. The lower-layer control information may include, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI) which includes scheduling information for at least one of PDSCH and PUSCH.

[0206] Furthermore, the DCI that schedules PDSCH may be called DL assignment, DL DCI, etc., and the DCI that schedules PUSCH may be called UL grant, UL DCI, etc. Furthermore, PDSCH may be read as DL data, and PUSCH may be read as UL data.

[0207] PDCCH detection may utilize a Control Resource Set (CORESET) and a search space. A CORESET corresponds to the resources used to search for DCIs. A search space corresponds to the search area and search method for PDCCH candidates. A single CORESET may be associated with one or more search spaces. A UE may monitor CORESETs associated with a given search space based on the search space configuration.

[0208] A single search space may correspond to one or more PDCCH candidates corresponding to aggregation levels. One or more search spaces may be referred to as a search space set. In this disclosure, "search space," "search space set," "search space configuration," "search space set configuration," "CORESET," and "CORESET configuration" may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0209] PUCCH may transmit uplink control information (UCI) including at least one of channel state information (CSI), delivery acknowledgment information (for example, Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest ACKnowledgement (HARQ-ACK), ACK / NACK, etc.), and scheduling request (SR). PRACH may transmit a random access preamble for establishing a connection with the cell.

[0210] In this disclosure, downlinks, uplinks, etc., may be expressed without the prefix "link." Also, the prefix "physical" may be omitted from the names of various channels.

[0211] In the wireless communication system 1, a synchronization signal (SS), a downlink reference signal (DL-RS), etc., may be transmitted. In the wireless communication system 1, the DL-RS may include a cell-specific reference signal (CRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a positioning reference signal (PRS), a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS), etc.

[0212] The synchronization signal may be, for example, at least one of a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) and a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS). A signal block including SS (PSS, SSS) and PBCH (and DMRS for PBCH) may be called an SS / PBCH block, SS Block (SSB), etc. Note that SS, SSB, etc. may also be called reference signals.

[0213] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, the uplink reference signal (UL-RS) may include a sounding reference signal (SRS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), etc. The DMRS may also be called a user-specific reference signal (UE-specific Reference Signal).

[0214] (Base Station) Figure 13 shows an example of the configuration of a base station according to one embodiment. The base station 10 includes a control unit 110, a transmitting / receiving unit 120, a transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and a transmission line interface 140. Note that one or more of the control unit 110, the transmitting / receiving unit 120, the transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and the transmission line interface 140 may be provided.

[0215] In this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of this embodiment are mainly shown, and it may be assumed that the base station 10 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each part described below may be omitted.

[0216] The control unit 110 controls the entire base station 10. The control unit 110 can be composed of a controller, control circuit, etc., as described based on common understanding in the technical field related to this disclosure.

[0217] The control unit 110 may control signal generation, scheduling (e.g., resource allocation, mapping), etc. The control unit 110 may also control transmission and reception, measurement, etc., using the transmitting / receiving unit 120, transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and transmission path interface 140. The control unit 110 may generate data to be transmitted as signals, control information, sequences, etc., and transfer them to the transmitting / receiving unit 120. The control unit 110 may also perform call processing of communication channels (setting, releasing, etc.), status management of the base station 10, management of wireless resources, etc.

[0218] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may include a baseband unit 121, a radio frequency (RF) unit 122, and a measurement unit 123. The baseband unit 121 may include a transmission processing unit 1211 and a reception processing unit 1212. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 can be composed of a transmitter / receiver, RF circuit, baseband circuit, filter, phase shifter, measurement circuit, transmitting / receiving circuit, etc., as described based on common understanding in the art relating to this disclosure.

[0219] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or it may be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may consist of a transmitting processing unit 1211 and an RF unit 122. The receiving unit may consist of a receiving processing unit 1212, an RF unit 122 and a measuring unit 123.

[0220] The transmitting and receiving antenna 130 can be composed of an antenna described based on common understanding in the art relating to this disclosure, such as an array antenna.

[0221] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may transmit the downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may also receive the uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0222] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may use digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), or the like to form at least one of the transmitting beam and the receiving beam.

[0223] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) may perform processing on data and control information acquired from the control unit 110, for example, at the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer (e.g., RLC retransmission control), and the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), to generate a bit sequence to be transmitted.

[0224] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) may perform transmission processing on the bit sequence to be transmitted, such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, discrete Fourier transform (DFT) processing (if necessary), inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion, and output a baseband signal.

[0225] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc., of the baseband signal to the radio frequency band and transmit the signal in the radio frequency band via the transmitting / receiving antenna 130.

[0226] On the other hand, the transmitting / receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc., on the radio frequency band signal received by the transmitting / receiving antenna 130.

[0227] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (receiving processing unit 1212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) processing, Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal to acquire user data, etc.

[0228] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (measurement unit 123) may perform measurements related to the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 123 may perform Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurements, Channel State Information (CSI) measurements, etc., based on the received signal. The measurement unit 123 may also measure received power (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)), reception quality (e.g., Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)), signal strength (e.g., Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 110.

[0229] The transmission path interface 140 may send and receive signals (backhaul signaling) with devices included in the core network 30 (e.g., network nodes that provide NF), other base stations 10, etc., and may acquire and transmit user data (user plane data), control plane data, etc. for the user terminal 20.

[0230] In this disclosure, the transmitting and receiving units of the base station 10 may consist of at least one of a transmitting / receiving unit 120, a transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and a transmission path interface 140.

[0231] The base station 10 may be separated into three elements: a Radio Unit (RU), a Distributed Unit (DU), and a Central Unit (CU). For example, the RU may implement RF processing (digital beamforming, digital-to-analog conversion, analog beamforming, etc.) and lower-level physical layer functions (precoding, IFFT, FFT, etc.). The DU may implement higher-level physical layer functions (coding to resource element mapping, etc.), MAC layer functions, and RLC layer functions. The CU may implement PDCP layer, Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer, and RRC layer functions.

[0232] In this disclosure, base station 10 may include a single device that implements all the functions of RU, DU, and CU, or it may include multiple devices that each implement some of the functions of RU, DU, and CU and are connected to each other. In this disclosure, base station 10 may be interpreted as RU / DU / CU.

[0233] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may transmit a plurality of first reports relating to inference, a single second report relating to performance monitoring, and a single trigger signal that triggers these reports.

[0234] The control unit 110 may use the single trigger signal to instruct each of the plurality of first reports to be controlled based on the measurement results of the corresponding measurement resources, and to instruct the control unit to control the second reports associated with the plurality of first reports.

[0235] The interval between the aforementioned multiple first reports may satisfy one or more conditions.

[0236] (User Terminal) Figure 14 shows an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to one embodiment. The user terminal 20 includes a control unit 210, a transmitting / receiving unit 220, and a transmitting / receiving antenna 230. Note that one or more of the control unit 210, the transmitting / receiving unit 220, and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230 may be provided.

[0237] In this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of this embodiment are mainly shown, and it may be assumed that the user terminal 20 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each part described below may be omitted.

[0238] The control unit 210 controls the entire user terminal 20. The control unit 210 can be composed of a controller, control circuit, etc., as described based on common understanding in the technical field related to this disclosure.

[0239] The control unit 210 may control signal generation, mapping, etc. The control unit 210 may also control transmission and reception, measurement, etc., using the transmitting / receiving unit 220 and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230. The control unit 210 may generate data to be transmitted as signals, control information, sequences, etc., and transfer them to the transmitting / receiving unit 220.

[0240] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may include a baseband unit 221, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223. The baseband unit 221 may include a transmission processing unit 2211 and a reception processing unit 2212. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 can be composed of a transmitter / receiver, RF circuit, baseband circuit, filter, phase shifter, measurement circuit, transmitting / receiving circuit, etc., as described based on common understanding in the art relating to this disclosure.

[0241] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or it may be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may consist of a transmitting processing unit 2211 and an RF unit 222. The receiving unit may consist of a receiving processing unit 2212, an RF unit 222 and a measuring unit 223.

[0242] The transmitting and receiving antenna 230 can be composed of an antenna described based on common understanding in the art relating to this disclosure, such as an array antenna.

[0243] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may receive the downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may also transmit the uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0244] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may use digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), or the like to form at least one of the transmitting beam and the receiving beam.

[0245] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform PDCP layer processing, RLC layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), MAC layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc., on data and control information acquired from the control unit 210 to generate a bit sequence to be transmitted.

[0246] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform transmission processing on the bit sequence to be transmitted, such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, DFT processing (if necessary), IFFT processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion, and output a baseband signal.

[0247] Whether or not to apply DFT processing may be based on the transform precoding settings. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform DFT processing as part of the transmission process to transmit a channel (for example, PUSCH) using a DFT-s-OFDM waveform if transform precoding is enabled for that channel, or it may not perform DFT processing as part of the transmission process if transform precoding is not enabled for that channel.

[0248] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc., of the baseband signal to the radio frequency band and transmit the signal in the radio frequency band via the transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0249] On the other hand, the transmitting / receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc., on the radio frequency band signal received by the transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0250] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (receiving processing unit 2212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, FFT processing, IDFT processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal to acquire user data, etc.

[0251] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (measuring unit 223) may perform measurements related to the received signal. For example, the measuring unit 223 may perform RRM measurement, CSI measurement, etc., based on the received signal. The measuring unit 223 may also measure received power (e.g., RSRP), received quality (e.g., RSRQ, SINR, SNR), signal strength (e.g., RSSI), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 210.

[0252] The measurement unit 223 may derive channel measurements for CSI calculation based on channel measurement resources. Channel measurement resources may be, for example, Non Zero Power (NZP) CSI-RS resources. The measurement unit 223 may also derive interference measurements for CSI calculation based on interference measurement resources. Interference measurement resources may be at least one of the following: NZP CSI-RS resources for interference measurement, CSI-Interference Measurement (IM) resources, etc. CSI-IM may also be called CSI-Interference Management (IM), and may be interpreted interchangeably with Zero Power (ZP) CSI-RS. In this disclosure, CSI-RS, NZP CSI-RS, ZP CSI-RS, CSI-IM, CSI-SSB, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0253] In this disclosure, the transmitting unit and receiving unit of the user terminal 20 may be composed of at least one of a transmitting / receiving unit 220 and a transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0254] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may receive a plurality of first reports relating to inference, a single second report relating to performance monitoring, and a single trigger signal that triggers these reports.

[0255] The control unit 210 may control each of the plurality of first reports based on the measurement results of the corresponding measurement resources, based on the one trigger signal, and control the second reports associated with the plurality of first reports.

[0256] The interval between the aforementioned multiple first reports may satisfy one or more conditions.

[0257] The one or more conditions mentioned above may be at least one of the following: the interval is longer than a specific period; the interval is constant; and the time / frequency domain resource allocation within each slot for the plurality of first reports is the same.

[0258] The one or more of the above conditions may be at least one of the following: the interval is the same as the interval of the non-periodic channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS) associated with the plurality of first reports, and the interval is the same as the period of the periodic or semi-persistent CSI-RS associated with the plurality of first reports.

[0259] One or more channel state information processing units (CPUs) may be occupied for a specific period of time for at least one of the plurality of first reports and the second reports. The specific period may be at least one of the following: the period from the first symbol after one trigger signal to the last symbol of the latest first report among the plurality of first reports, and the period from a timing prior to the first symbol of a particular resource among the measurement resources to a particular first report based on the particular resource.

[0260] (Hardware Configuration) The block diagram used in the description of the above embodiment shows functional units. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, the method of realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using one device that is physically or logically coupled, or it may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are directly or indirectly connected (for example, using wired or wireless connections). A functional block may also be realized by combining the above one device or the above multiple devices with software.

[0261] Here, functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, decision, determination, calculation, calculation, processing, derivation, investigation, exploration, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, consideration, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating (mapping), and assigning. For example, a functional block (configuration part) that enables transmission may be called a transmitting unit or transmitter. In all cases, as mentioned above, the method of implementation is not particularly limited.

[0262] For example, a base station, user terminal, etc. in one embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer that processes the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Figure 15 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and user terminal according to one embodiment. The base station 10 and user terminal 20 described above may be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, memory 1002, storage 1003, communication device 1004, input device 1005, output device 1006, bus 1007, etc.

[0263] In this disclosure, terms such as apparatus, circuit, device, section, and unit are interchangeable. The hardware configuration of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may include one or more of the devices shown in the figure, or it may be configured without some of the devices.

[0264] For example, although only one processor 1001 is shown in the diagram, there may be multiple processors. Furthermore, the processing may be performed by one processor, or it may be performed by two or more processors simultaneously, sequentially, or by other means. Note that the processor 1001 may be implemented using one or more chips.

[0265] Each function in the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 is realized, for example, by loading predetermined software (programs) onto hardware such as the processor 1001 and memory 1002, which allows the processor 1001 to perform calculations and control communication via the communication device 1004, or control at least one of reading and writing data in the memory 1002 and storage 1003.

[0266] The processor 1001 controls the entire computer, for example, by running an operating system. The processor 1001 may be composed of a central processing unit (CPU) that includes interfaces with peripheral devices, control devices, arithmetic units, registers, etc. For example, at least a part of the control unit 110 (210) and the transmitting / receiving unit 120 (220) described above may be implemented by the processor 1001.

[0267] Furthermore, the processor 1001 reads programs (program code), software modules, data, etc., from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002 and executes various processes accordingly. The program used is one that causes the computer to execute at least a part of the operations described in the above embodiment. For example, the control unit 110 (210) may be implemented by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and running on the processor 1001, and other functional blocks may be implemented similarly.

[0268] The memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may consist of at least one of the following: Read Only Memory (ROM), Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically EPROM (EEPROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), or other suitable storage medium. The memory 1002 may also be called a register, cache, or main memory. The memory 1002 can store executable programs (program code), software modules, etc., for carrying out a wireless communication method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0269] The storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium and may consist of at least one of the following: a flexible disk, a floppy disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a Compact Disk (Compact Disc ROM (CD-ROM)), a Digital Use Disk, a Blu-ray (registered trademark) disk), a removable disk, a hard disk drive, a smart card, a flash memory device (e.g., a card, stick, key drive), a magnetic stripe, a database, a server, or other suitable storage medium. The storage 1003 may also be called an auxiliary storage device.

[0270] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmitting / receiving device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as a network device, network controller, network card, communication module, etc. The communication device 1004 may be configured to include, for example, a high-frequency switch, duplexer, filter, frequency synthesizer, etc., in order to implement at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). For example, the above-mentioned transmitting / receiving unit 120 (220), transmitting / receiving antenna 130 (230), etc., may be implemented by the communication device 1004. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (220) may be implemented with physically or logically separated transmitting unit 120a (220a) and receiving unit 120b (220b).

[0271] The input device 1005 is an input device that accepts input from an external source (e.g., a keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, etc.). The output device 1006 is an output device that outputs to an external source (e.g., a display, speaker, light-emitting diode (LED) lamp, etc.). The input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be configured as an integrated unit (e.g., a touch panel).

[0272] Furthermore, each device, such as the processor 1001 and memory 1002, is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or different buses may be configured for each device.

[0273] Furthermore, the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), and a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and some or all of each functional block may be implemented using such hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these hardware components.

[0274] Furthermore, devices included in the core network 30 (for example, network nodes that provide NF) may also be implemented using the functional block / hardware configuration described above.

[0275] (Variations) Terms used in this disclosure and terms necessary for understanding this disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, channel, symbol and signal (signal or signaling) may be used interchangeably. Also, a signal may be a message. A reference signal may be abbreviated as RS and may be called a pilot, pilot signal, etc., depending on the applicable standard. Also, a component carrier (CC) may be called a cell, frequency carrier, carrier frequency, etc.

[0276] A wireless frame may consist of one or more periods (frames) in the time domain. Each of these periods (frames) constituting a wireless frame may be called a subframe. Furthermore, a subframe may consist of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

[0277] Here, the neurology may be communication parameters applied to at least one of the transmission and reception of a signal or channel. The neurology may be, for example, at least one of the following: subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame configuration, specific filtering processes performed by the transceiver in the frequency domain, and specific windowing processes performed by the transceiver in the time domain.

[0278] A slot may consist of one or more symbols in the time domain (such as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols or Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbols). Alternatively, a slot may be a time unit based on neurology.

[0279] A slot may include multiple minislots. Each minislot may consist of one or more symbols in the time domain. Minislots may also be called subslots. Minislots may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a minislot may be called a PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using minislots may be called a PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0280] Wireless frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols all represent units of time when transmitting a signal. Wireless frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols may each be referred to by different names. Furthermore, the units of time such as frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols in this disclosure may be interpreted as interchangeable.

[0281] For example, one subframe may be called a TTI, multiple consecutive subframes may be called a TTI, and one slot or one mini-slot may be called a TTI. In other words, at least one of a subframe and a TTI may be a subframe in existing LTE (1 ms), a period shorter than 1 ms (e.g., 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Note that the unit representing a TTI may be called a slot, mini-slot, etc., instead of a subframe.

[0282] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest time unit for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, the base station schedules each user terminal to allocate wireless resources (such as the frequency bandwidth and transmission power available to each user terminal) in TTI units. However, the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0283] TTI may be a transmission time unit for channel-encoded data packets (transport blocks), code blocks, code words, etc., or it may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. When a TTI is given, the actual time interval (e.g., number of symbols) in which the transport block, code block, code word, etc. are mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

[0284] Furthermore, if one slot or one mini-slot is referred to as a TTI, then one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more mini-slots) may constitute the minimum time unit for scheduling. In addition, the number of slots (number of mini-slots) that constitute this minimum time unit for scheduling may be controlled.

[0285] A TTI with a time length of 1 ms may be called a normal TTI, long TTI, normal subframe, long subframe, slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a normal TTI may be called a shortened TTI, short TTI, partial or fractional TTI, shortened subframe, short subframe, mini slot, sub slot, slot, etc.

[0286] Furthermore, long TTIs (e.g., normal TTIs, subframes, etc.) may be interpreted as TTIs with a time length exceeding 1 ms, and short TTIs (e.g., shortened TTIs, etc.) may be interpreted as TTIs with a TTI length less than that of a long TTI but 1 ms or more.

[0287] A Resource Block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and frequency domain, and in the frequency domain, it may contain one or more consecutive subcarriers. The number of subcarriers in an RB may be the same regardless of the neurology, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers in an RB may be determined based on the neurology.

[0288] Furthermore, an RB may contain one or more symbols in the time domain and may have the length of one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI. One TTI, one subframe, etc., may each consist of one or more resource blocks.

[0289] One or more RBs may also be called Physical RBs (PRBs), Sub-Carrier Groups (SCGs), Resource Element Groups (REGs), PRB pairs, RB pairs, etc.

[0290] Furthermore, a resource block may consist of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource area comprising one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0291] A Bandwidth Part (BWP), also known as a partial bandwidth, may represent a subset of consecutive common resource blocks (RBs) for a given neurology in a given carrier. These common RBs may be identified by an index of the RBs relative to a common reference point of the carrier. The PRBs may be defined and numbered within a given BWP.

[0292] A BWP may include UL BWP (BWP for UL) and DL BWP (BWP for DL). One or more BWPs may be configured within a single carrier for a UE.

[0293] At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE does not need to assume that it will transmit or receive a predetermined signal / channel outside of the active BWP. In this disclosure, terms such as "cell" and "carrier" may be read as "BWP".

[0294] The structures of wireless frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols described above are merely examples. For example, the number of subframes included in a wireless frame, the number of slots per subframe or wireless frame, the number of minislots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, and the number of symbols, symbol length, and cyclic prefix (CP) length within the TTI can be varied in various ways.

[0295] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc., described in this disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, relative values ​​from a predetermined value, or corresponding other information. For example, wireless resources may be indicated by a predetermined index.

[0296] The names used for parameters and other elements in this disclosure are not restrictive in any way. Furthermore, mathematical formulas and other elements using these parameters may differ from those expressly disclosed in this disclosure. Various channels (PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements can be identified by any suitable name, and therefore, the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not restrictive in any way.

[0297] The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of the various different techniques. For example, the data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0298] Furthermore, information, signals, etc., can be output from upper layers to lower layers and from lower layers to upper layers, or to at least one of the two. Information, signals, etc., may also be input and output via multiple network nodes.

[0299] Input and output information and signals may be stored in a specific location (e.g., memory) or managed using a management table. Input and output information and signals may be overwritten, updated, or appended to. Output information and signals may be deleted. Input information and signals may be transmitted to other devices.

[0300] Any information described in this disclosure (e.g., variables, constants, parameters) may be communicated from any first device (e.g., UE / base station) to any second device (e.g., base station / UE) that indicates / specifies (or relates to) the value of such any information, even if not specifically stated in the embodiments described above.

[0301] Information notification is not limited to the embodiments described herein and may be carried out by other means. For example, information notification in this disclosure may be carried out by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI)), higher layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB)), Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling), other signals, or a combination thereof.

[0302] Physical layer signaling may also be called Layer 1 / Layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information (L1 / L2 control signals), L1 control information (L1 control signals), etc. RRC signaling may also be called RRC messages, for example, RRC Connection Setup messages, RRC Connection Reconfiguration messages, etc. MAC signaling may also be communicated using, for example, MAC Control Elements (CEs).

[0303] Furthermore, notification of the specified information (for example, notification that "X is the case") is not limited to explicit notification, but may also be made implicitly (for example, by not notifying the specified information or by notifying other information).

[0304] The determination may be made by a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), by a boolean value represented as true or false, or by a numerical comparison (for example, a comparison with a predetermined value).

[0305] Software should be broadly interpreted to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, execution threads, procedures, functions, and so on, whether they are called software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description languages, or by any other name.

[0306] Furthermore, software, instructions, information, etc., may be transmitted and received via a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using at least one of wired technology (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, or Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)) and wireless technology (such as infrared or microwave), then at least one of these wired and wireless technologies is included in the definition of a transmission medium.

[0307] The terms “system” and “network” as used in this disclosure may be used interchangeably. “Network” may also mean the equipment included in the network (e.g., base stations).

[0308] In this disclosure, terms such as “precoding,” “precoder,” “weight (precoding weight),” “quasi-co-location (QCL),” “transmission configuration indication state (TCI state),” “spatial relation,” “spatial domain filter,” “transmit power,” “phase rotation,” “antenna port,” “layer,” “number of layers,” “rank,” “resource,” “resource set,” “beam,” “beam width,” “beam angle,” “antenna,” “antenna element,” “panel,” “UE panel,” “transmitting entity,” and “receiving entity” may be used interchangeably.

[0309] In this disclosure, "antenna port" may be interpreted interchangeably with "antenna port for any signal / channel" (e.g., a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) port). In this disclosure, "resource" may be interpreted interchangeably with "resource for any signal / channel" (e.g., a reference signal resource, an SRS resource, etc.). Resources may include time / frequency / code / spatial / power resources. Furthermore, a spatial domain transmit filter may include at least one of a spatial domain transmit filter and a spatial domain receive filter.

[0310] The above group may include, for example, at least one of the following: a spatial relationship group, a code division multiplexing (CDM) group, a reference signal (RS) group, a control resource set (CORESET) group, a PUCCH group, an antenna port group (e.g., a DMRS port group), a layer group, a resource group, a beam group, an antenna group, or a panel group.

[0311] Furthermore, in this disclosure, terms such as beam, SRS Resource Indicator (SRI), CORESET, CORESET pool, PDSCH, PUSCH, Codeword (CW), Transport Block (TB), and RS may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0312] Furthermore, in this disclosure, TCI state, downlink TCI state (DL TCI state), uplink TCI state (UL TCI state), unified TCI state, common TCI state, joint TCI state, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0313] Furthermore, in this disclosure, terms such as "QCL," "QCL assumption," "QCL relationship," "QCL type information," "QCL property / properties," "specific QCL type (e.g., Type A, Type D) properties," and "specific QCL type (e.g., Type A, Type D)" may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0314] In this disclosure, terms such as index, identifier (ID), indicator, indication, and resource ID may be interpreted interchangeably. In this disclosure, terms such as sequence, list, set, group, cluster, subset may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0315] Furthermore, the spatial relationship information Identifier (ID) (TCI state ID) and spatial relationship information (TCI state) may be interpreted as mutually exclusive. "Spatial relationship information (TCI state)" may be interpreted as mutually exclusive as "a set of spatial relationship information (TCI state)," "one or more pieces of spatial relationship information," etc. TCI state and TCI may be interpreted as mutually exclusive. Spatial relationship information and spatial relationship may be interpreted as mutually exclusive.

[0316] In this disclosure, terms such as “Base Station (BS),” “wireless base station,” “fixed station,” “NodeB,” “eNB (eNodeB),” “gNB (gNodeB),” “access point,” “Transmission Point (TP),” “Reception Point (RP),” “Transmission / Reception Point (TRP),” “panel,” “cell,” “sector,” “cell group,” “carrier,” and “component carrier” may be used interchangeably. Base stations may also be referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, and picocell.

[0317] A base station may house one or more (e.g., three) cells. If a base station houses multiple cells, the entire coverage area of ​​the base station may be divided into several smaller areas, each of which may also be provided with communication services by a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head (RRH))). The terms “cell” or “sector” refer to part or all of the coverage area of ​​at least one of the base station and / or base station subsystems that provide communication services in that coverage.

[0318] In this disclosure, the transmission of information by a base station to a terminal may be interpreted as the base station instructing the terminal to perform a control / operation based on said information.

[0319] In this disclosure, terms such as "Mobile Station (MS)," "user terminal," "User Equipment (UE)," and "terminal" may be used interchangeably.

[0320] A mobile station may also be called a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other appropriate term.

[0321] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be called a transmitting device, a receiving device, a wireless communication device, etc. At least one of the base station and the mobile station may also be a device mounted on a moving object, the moving object itself, etc.

[0322] The term "mobile object" refers to any movable object, regardless of its speed, and naturally includes cases where the mobile object is stationary. Examples of such mobile objects include, but are not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcarts, rickshaws, ships and other watercraft, airplanes, rockets, satellites, drones, multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and items carried on them. Furthermore, such mobile objects may be autonomously driven objects operating based on operational commands.

[0323] The mobile entity may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane), an unmanned mobile entity (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle), or a robot (manned or unmanned). At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device that does not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.

[0324] Figure 16 shows an example of a vehicle according to one embodiment. The vehicle 40 includes a drive unit 41, a steering unit 42, an accelerator pedal 43, a brake pedal 44, a shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, an axle 48, an electronic control unit 49, various sensors (including a current sensor 50, a rotation speed sensor 51, a pneumatic pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration sensor 54, an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a brake pedal sensor 56, a shift lever sensor 57, and an object detection sensor 58), an information service unit 59, and a communication module 60.

[0325] The drive unit 41 consists of, for example, at least one of an engine, a motor, or an engine-motor hybrid. The steering unit 42 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels 46 and the rear wheels 47 based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by the user.

[0326] The electronic control unit 49 consists of a microprocessor 61, memory (ROM, RAM) 62, and communication ports (e.g., input / output (IO) ports) 63. Signals from various sensors 50-58 installed in the vehicle are input to the electronic control unit 49. The electronic control unit 49 may also be called an Electronic Control Unit (ECU).

[0327] Signals from various sensors 50-58 include current signals from current sensor 50 for sensing motor current, rotational speed signals of front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 acquired by rotational speed sensor 51, air pressure signals of front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 acquired by air pressure sensor 52, vehicle speed signals acquired by vehicle speed sensor 53, acceleration signals acquired by acceleration sensor 54, accelerator pedal depression amount signals acquired by accelerator pedal sensor 55, brake pedal depression amount signals acquired by brake pedal sensor 56, operation signals of shift lever 45 acquired by shift lever sensor 57, and detection signals acquired by object detection sensor 58 for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc.

[0328] The information service unit 59 consists of various devices for providing (outputting) various types of information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, including a car navigation system, audio system, speakers, display, television, and radio, and one or more ECUs that control these devices. The information service unit 59 uses information acquired from external devices via a communication module 60 or the like to provide various types of information / services (for example, multimedia information / multimedia services) to the occupants of the vehicle 40.

[0329] The information service unit 59 may include input devices that accept input from the outside (e.g., keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, touch panel, etc.) or output devices that perform output to the outside (e.g., display, speaker, LED lamp, touch panel, etc.).

[0330] The driver assistance system unit 64 consists of various devices that provide functions to prevent accidents or reduce the driver's workload, such as millimeter-wave radar, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), cameras, positioning locators (e.g., Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)), map information (e.g., High Definition (HD) maps, Autonomous Vehicle (AV) maps), gyro systems (e.g., Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), Inertial Navigation System (INS)), artificial intelligence (AI) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. The driver assistance system unit 64 also transmits and receives various information via the communication module 60 to realize driver assistance functions or autonomous driving functions.

[0331] The communication module 60 can communicate with the microprocessor 61 and components of the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63. For example, the communication module 60 sends and receives data (information) via the communication port 63 to the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axle 48, the microprocessor 61 and memory (ROM, RAM) 62 in the electronic control unit 49, and various sensors 50-58 provided in the vehicle 40.

[0332] The communication module 60 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 61 of the electronic control unit 49 and can communicate with external devices. For example, it can send and receive various types of information to and from external devices via wireless communication. The communication module 60 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 49. The external device may be, for example, the base station 10 or the user terminal 20 described above. Alternatively, the communication module 60 may be, for example, at least one of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 (it may function as at least one of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20).

[0333] The communication module 60 may transmit at least one of the following to an external device via wireless communication: signals from the various sensors 50-58 input to the electronic control unit 49, information obtained based on said signals, and information based on input from an external source (user) obtained via the information service unit 59. The electronic control unit 49, the various sensors 50-58, the information service unit 59, etc., may also be called input units that accept input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 60 may include the information based on the above input.

[0334] The communication module 60 receives various information (traffic information, signal information, inter-vehicle information, etc.) transmitted from an external device and displays it on the information service unit 59 installed in the vehicle. The information service unit 59 may also be called an output unit, which outputs information (for example, it outputs information to devices such as displays and speakers based on the PDSCH (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH) received by the communication module 60).

[0335] Furthermore, the communication module 60 stores various information received from external devices in a memory 62 that can be used by the microprocessor 61. Based on the information stored in the memory 62, the microprocessor 61 may control the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axle 48, various sensors 50-58, etc., which are provided in the vehicle 40.

[0336] Furthermore, the term "base station" in this disclosure may be interpreted as "user terminal." For example, the various aspects / embodiments of this disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a user terminal is replaced with communication between multiple user terminals (which may be called, for example, Device-to-Device (D2D), Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X)). In this case, the user terminal 20 may have the functions of the base station 10 described above. Also, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be interpreted as terms corresponding to terminal-to-terminal communication (for example, "sidelink"). For example, uplink channel, downlink channel, etc., may be interpreted as sidelink channel.

[0337] Similarly, the term "user terminal" in this disclosure may be replaced with "base station." In this case, the base station 10 may be configured to have the same functions as the user terminal 20 described above.

[0338] In this disclosure, operations performed by a base station may, in some cases, be performed by its upper node. In a network including one or more network nodes having base stations, it is clear that various operations performed for communication with terminals may be performed by the base station, one or more network nodes other than the base station (for example, a Mobility Management Entity (MME), a Serving Gateway (S-GW), etc., but not limited to these), or a combination thereof.

[0339] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be used individually, in combination, or switched between as needed during execution. Furthermore, the processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc., of each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be rearranged in order, provided they are consistent. For example, the methods described in this disclosure present various step elements using exemplary order and are not limited to the specific order presented.

[0340] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure is Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG (where x is, for example, an integer or decimal)), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM®), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi®), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX®), IEEE 802.20, systems utilizing Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth®, or other appropriate wireless communication methods, and next-generation systems extended, modified, created, or defined based thereon may also be applied. Furthermore, multiple systems may be applied in combination (for example, a combination of LTE or LTE-A and 5G).

[0341] In this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based solely on" unless otherwise specified. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based solely on" and "based at least on."

[0342] Any reference to elements using the designations “first,” “second,” etc., as used in this disclosure does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient way to distinguish between two or more elements. Accordingly, the references to the first and second elements do not imply that only two elements may be employed or that the first element must precede the second element in any way.

[0343] The term “determining” as used in this disclosure may encompass a wide variety of actions. For example, “determining” may be considered to mean judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, searching, or inquiring (e.g., searching in tables, databases, or other data structures), ascertaining, etc.

[0344] Furthermore, "judgment (decision)" may be considered as "judging (deciding)" things like receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input, output, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory).

[0345] Furthermore, “judgment (decision)” may be considered as “judgment (decision)” of resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. In other words, “judgment (decision)” may be considered as “judgment (decision)” of some action. In this disclosure, “judgment (decision)” may be interpreted as mutually interchangeable with the actions described above.

[0346] Furthermore, in this disclosure, “determine / determining” may be interpreted as “assume / assuming,” “expect / expecting,” or “consider / considering.” In addition, in this disclosure, “not expecting to do…” may be interpreted as “expecting not to do….”

[0347] In this disclosure, "expect" may be rephrased as "be expected." For example, "expect(s) ..." (where "..." may be expressed as a that clause, an infinitive, etc.) may be rephrased as "be expected ..." or "do (the verb without "to" if "..." is an infinitive)." Similarly, "does not expect ..." may be rephrased as "be not expected ..." or "do not (the verb without "to" if "..." is an infinitive)." Furthermore, "An apparatus A is not expected ..." may be rephrased as "An apparatus B other than apparatus A does not expect ... from apparatus A" (for example, if apparatus A is a UE, apparatus B may be a base station).

[0348] The term "maximum transmit power" as used in this disclosure may mean the maximum transmit power, the nominal UE maximum transmit power, or the rated UE maximum transmit power.

[0349] As used in this disclosure, the terms “connected,” “coupled,” and any variations thereof mean any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are “connected” or “coupled” with each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, “connection” may be replaced with “access.”

[0350] In this disclosure, when two elements are connected, they can be considered to be "connected" or "coupled" to each other using one or more wires, cables, printed electrical connections, etc., and, in some non-exclusive and non-exclusive examples, electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency domain, microwave domain, and optical (both visible and invisible) domain.

[0351] In this disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "combine" may be interpreted similarly to "different."

[0352] Where the terms “include,” “including,” and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms are intended to be inclusive, as is the term “comprising.” Furthermore, the term “or” as used in this disclosure is not intended to mean exclusive OR.

[0353] In this disclosure, if articles are added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, this disclosure may include the fact that the noun following these articles is plural.

[0354] In this disclosure, "less than or equal to," "less than," "greater than or equal to," "more than," and "equal to" may be interpreted interchangeably. In addition, in this disclosure, words meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "early," "slow," "wide," and "narrow" may be interpreted interchangeably, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative degrees. In addition, in this disclosure, words meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "early," "slow," "wide," and "narrow" may be interpreted interchangeably, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative degrees, by adding "i-th" (where i is any integer) to the expression (for example, "highest" may be interpreted interchangeably with "i-th highest").

[0355] In this disclosure, "of," "for," "regarding," "related to," and "associated with" may be interpreted as being interchangeable.

[0356] In this disclosure, phrases such as "when A, B", "if A, then B", "B upon A", "B in response to A", "B based on A", "B during / while A", "B before A", "B at (the same time as) / on A", "B after A", "B since A", and "B until A" may be interchangeable. Furthermore, A, B, etc., may be replaced with appropriate expressions such as nouns, gerunds, or regular sentences depending on the context. The time difference between A and B may be approximately zero (immediately after or immediately before). Additionally, a time offset may be applied to the time when A occurs. For example, "A" may be interpreted as "before / after the time offset when A occurs". The time offset (e.g., one or more symbols / slots) may be predetermined or determined by the UE based on notified information.

[0357] In this disclosure, timing, time, duration, time instance, any unit of time (e.g., slot, subslot, symbol, subframe), period, occasion, resource, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0358] Although the invention described herein has been explained in detail above, it will be clear to those skilled in the art that the invention described herein is not limited to the embodiments described herein. The descriptions herein are illustrative and not intended to be restrictive in any way to the invention described herein.

[0359] This application is based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2025-008755, filed on January 21, 2025. All of its contents are included herein.

Claims

1. A terminal comprising: a receiving unit that receives one trigger signal that triggers a plurality of first reports relating to inference and one second report relating to performance monitoring; and a control unit that controls each of the plurality of first reports based on the measurement results of the corresponding measurement resources and controls the second reports associated with the plurality of first reports based on the one trigger signal, wherein the interval between the plurality of first reports satisfies one or more conditions.

2. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein one or more of the conditions are at least one of the following: the interval is longer than a specific period; the interval is constant; and the time / frequency domain resource allocation within each slot for the plurality of first reports is the same.

3. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein one or more of the above conditions are at least one of the following: the interval is the same as the interval of the non-periodic channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS) associated with the plurality of first reports, and the interval is the same as the period of the periodic or semi-persistent CSI-RS associated with the plurality of first reports.

4. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein one or more channel state information processing units (CPUs) are occupied for a specific period of time for at least one of the plurality of first reports and the second reports, the specific period being at least one of the period from the first symbol after one trigger signal to the last symbol of the latest first report among the plurality of first reports, and the period from a timing prior to the first symbol of a particular resource among the measurement resources to a particular first report based on the particular resource.

5. A wireless communication method for a terminal, comprising the steps of: receiving a trigger signal that triggers a plurality of first reports relating to inference and a single second report relating to performance monitoring; and controlling each of the plurality of first reports based on the measurement results of a corresponding measurement resource, and controlling the second report associated with the plurality of first reports, wherein the interval between the plurality of first reports satisfies one or more conditions.

6. A base station comprising: a transmitting unit that transmits a single trigger signal to trigger a plurality of first reports relating to inference and a single second report relating to performance monitoring; and a control unit that uses the single trigger signal to instruct each of the plurality of first reports to be controlled based on the measurement results of the corresponding measurement resources and to control the second reports associated with the plurality of first reports, wherein the interval between the plurality of first reports satisfies one or more conditions.

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