Optical display device

Abstract

This optical display device comprises: a display configured to emit an optical signal of a first polarization component corresponding to linear polarization; a circular polarization plate disposed on the surface of the display and configured to convert the optical signal of the first polarization component into a first circular polarization component; an optical lens disposed to be spaced apart from the display in the Z-axis direction, wherein a second surface of the optical lens is configured to transmit a part of the optical signal and reflect the rest thereof; and a PBP lens which is disposed on a first surface of the optical lens and causes phase values of the optical signal to be formed differently according to positions of the Y-axis to which the optical signal is incident.

Description

Optical display device

[0001] This specification relates to an optical display device. More specifically, it relates to an optical display device capable of being lightweight and miniaturized.

[0002] Optical display devices may include glasses-type displays or head-mounted displays (hereinafter referred to as 'HMD'). A head-mounted display (HMD) is provided to provide virtual reality (VR) services. An HMD refers to various image display devices that are worn on a user's head like glasses to allow the user to view images (content). Following the trend toward lighter and smaller digital devices, various wearable computers are being developed, and the above-mentioned HMD is also widely used. Beyond simple display functions, HMDs can be combined with augmented reality technology, virtual reality technology, N-screen technology, etc., to provide various conveniences to the user.

[0003] Recently, with the increasing use of HMDs, HMDs capable of executing various functions that can be performed on mobile terminals are being implemented. For example, just as specific visual or auditory information is provided based on the execution of a specific function on the mobile terminal, it has become possible to provide specific visual and auditory information on the HMD based on the execution of the said specific function.

[0004] In addition, due to the unique characteristic of HMDs being worn on the user's head, users can be effectively isolated from the outside world (Real World) while receiving specific visual or auditory information, thereby enabling the provision of various functions to the user in a more realistic manner.

[0005] Meanwhile, the lenses and display components used in an HMD are positioned at a certain distance apart. Additionally, the distance between the lenses and the display must be adjusted according to the user's eyesight. In this regard, the lenses used in an HMD may consist of refractive lenses. The size, number, and weight of the refractive lenses may vary depending on the type of display panel. In this context, there is an issue that the size, number, and weight of the refractive lenses increase in order to form an image within the user's eyebox area.

[0006] The purpose of this specification is to provide an optical display device capable of being lightweight, thin, and miniaturized.

[0007] The purpose of this specification is to prevent issues such as an increase in the size, number, and weight of refractive lenses for forming an image within the user's eyebox area.

[0008] The purpose of this specification is to provide an optical display device capable of reducing the physical thickness of a lens or optical system while maintaining the overall optical path length.

[0009] The problems of the present disclosure are not limited to those mentioned above, and other problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description below.

[0010] An optical display device according to the present disclosure comprises: a display configured to emit an optical signal of a first polarization component corresponding to linear polarization; a circular polarizing plate disposed on the surface of the display and configured to convert the optical signal of the first polarization component into a first circular polarization component; an optical lens disposed spaced apart from the display in the Z-axis direction, wherein a first surface of the optical lens is formed flat and a second surface is formed to transmit a portion of the optical signal and reflect the remainder; and a PBP lens disposed on the flat first surface of the optical lens or on the circular polarizing plate, wherein the phase value of the optical signal is formed differently depending on the position of the Y-axis where the optical signal is incident. The PBP lens comprises a liquid crystal layer formed such that the optical signals having the first circular polarization component converge into the user's eyebox area.

[0011] According to an embodiment, the optical display device may further include: a first phase delay plate disposed on a first surface of the optical lens and converting the first circular polarization component into a second polarization component; a polarized plate disposed on the first phase delay plate and configured to reflect the second polarization component and transmit the first polarization component; and a second phase delay plate disposed on a second surface of the polarized plate and converting the first polarization component into the first circular polarization component.

[0012] According to an embodiment, the light of the first circular polarization component that has passed through the polarizing plate can pass through the first surface and the second surface of the optical lens. The light of the second circular polarization component that is reflected from the polarizing plate and converted by the first phase delay plate can be reflected from the second surface of the optical lens.

[0013] According to an embodiment, the light signals can be emitted at a predetermined angle for each region on the Y-axis of the display. An optical display device in which light signals of the first circular polarization component converge into the eye box region by multiple reflection of the light signals between the second surface and the first surface of the optical lens.

[0014] According to an embodiment, the second length on the Y-axis of the PBP lens may be formed to be shorter than the first length on the Y-axis of the optical lens. The PBP lens may be positioned in the central region of the optical lens. The PBP lens may be formed so as not to be positioned in the boundary region of the optical lens.

[0015] According to an embodiment, light signals reflected from the polarizing plate in the boundary region of the optical lens can be reflected from the second surface of the optical lens and proceed to the center region of the first surface of the optical lens. Light signals of the first circular polarization component that pass through the center region of the optical lens can be refracted at the surface of the PBP lens and converge to the eyebox region.

[0016] According to an embodiment, the PBP lens may be configured such that the phase of the transmitted light signal changes as it moves from the center to the boundary of the Y-axis. The PBP lens may have a second length on the Y-axis determined such that the phase value changes by 720 degrees or more at the boundary relative to the phase of 0 degrees at the center.

[0017] According to an embodiment, the display may be configured to emit an optical signal of an unpolarized component. The optical display device may further include a second polarizing plate disposed on the surface of the display and configured to convert the unpolarized component into the first polarized component. The circular polarizing plate may be disposed on the surface of the second polarizing plate and configured to convert the first polarized component into the first circular polarized component.

[0018] According to an embodiment, the first phase delay plate may be composed of a first QWP that converts the first circular polarization component transmitted through the optical lens into the second polarization component. The second phase delay plate may be composed of a second QWP that converts the first polarization component into the first circular polarization component. The first phase delay plate may convert the second polarization component reflected from the polarizing plate into the second circular polarization component, and convert the second circular polarization component reflected from the optical lens into the first polarization component.

[0019] According to an embodiment, the PBP lens may include a substrate layer formed to have a first dielectric constant and a first thickness; an orientation film formed to be laminated on the substrate layer and formed to have a second dielectric constant and a second thickness; and a liquid crystal layer formed to be laminated on the orientation film and formed to have a third dielectric constant and a third thickness. The third thickness of the liquid crystal layer may be formed to be thicker than the second thickness of the orientation film.

[0020] According to an embodiment, the substrate layer may be disposed on the second surface of the second phase delay plate. The first light and the second light of the first circular polarization component passing through the first point and the second point of the liquid crystal layer may be refracted at a first refraction angle and a second refraction angle, respectively, and may be projected at the third point and the fourth point of the user's eye box. The first length between the first point and the second point may be formed to be longer than the second length between the third point and the fourth point.

[0021] According to an embodiment, the optical lens may be composed of a doublet lens. The doublet lens may include a first sub-lens in which the first surface is formed flat and the second surface is formed as a first convex surface with a first curvature; and a second sub-lens in which the first surface is formed as a concave surface with the first curvature and the second surface is formed as a second convex surface with a second curvature. The first curvature may be formed to be larger than the second curvature.

[0022] According to an embodiment, the first phase delay plate, the polarizing plate, the second phase delay plate, and the PBP lens may be laminated on the first surface of the first sub-lens. The second surface of the second sub-lens may be configured as a half-mirror structure formed by the second convex surface of the second curvature to transmit some of the light signals emitted from the display and the circular polarizing plate and reflect the rest. The second surface of the first sub-lens may be configured as a half-mirror structure formed by the first convex surface of the first curvature to transmit some of the light signals and reflect the rest.

[0023] According to an embodiment, the optical display device may further include a convex lens disposed on a first surface of the optical lens on which the PBP lens is disposed, configured so that light signals transmitted through the optical lens converge into the eyebox area. The first surface of the convex lens disposed on the first surface of the optical lens may be formed flat. The second surface of the optical lens may be formed as a first convex surface with a first curvature. The second surface of the convex lens may be formed as a third convex surface with a third curvature. The first curvature may be formed to be greater than the third curvature.

[0024] According to an embodiment, the first phase delay plate, the polarizing plate, the second phase delay plate, and the PBP lens may be laminated on the first surface of the optical lens. The first surface of the convex lens may be disposed on the liquid crystal layer of the PBP lens. Optical signals of the first circular polarization component may be refracted at the first surface of the convex lens by the liquid crystal layer of the PBP lens to have a first angle of refraction. The second surface of the convex lens may be formed with the third curvature so that optical signals of the first circular polarization component are refracted at a second angle of refraction and converge into the eyebox region.

[0025] According to an embodiment, the display and the circular polarizing plate may be arranged to face the first surface of the optical lens. Light signals emitted from the display may be reflected from the first surface of the optical lens and the surface of the display. Light signals reflected from the surface of the display may pass through the first surface and the second surface of the optical lens.

[0026] According to an embodiment, the first phase delay plate, the polarizing plate, the second phase delay plate, and the PBP lens may be laminated to the circular polarizing plate. The surface of the circular polarizing plate laminated to the display may be formed as a half-mirror structure that transmits some of the light and reflects the rest.

[0027] A head-mounted display device according to another aspect of the present disclosure comprises: a frame; a display provided on the frame and configured to emit a light signal of a first polarization component corresponding to linear polarization; an optical lens spaced apart from the display in the Z-axis direction, wherein the optical lens comprises a first optical lens and a second optical lens positioned to correspond to the left and right eyes of a user, wherein the first surface of the first optical lens and the second optical lens is formed flat, and the second surface is formed to transmit a portion of the light signal and reflect the remainder; a circular polarizing plate disposed on the surface of the display and configured to convert the light signal of the first polarization component into a first circular polarization component; and a PBP lens disposed on the flat first surface of the optical lens or on the circular polarizing plate, wherein the phase value of the light signal is formed differently depending on the position of the Y-axis where the light signal is incident. The PBP lens comprises a liquid crystal layer formed such that the light signals having the first circular polarization component converge into the user's eyebox area.

[0028] Specific details of other embodiments are included in the detailed description and drawings.

[0029] The technical effects of the optical display device according to the present disclosure may be summarized as follows, but are not limited thereto.

[0030] According to at least one of the embodiments, by placing various types of optical films on a flat plane of an optical lens, it is possible to lighten, thin, and miniaturize an optical display device.

[0031] According to at least one of the embodiments, various types of optical films are placed on a flat plane of an optical lens, and polarization according to reflection / transmission is controlled, thereby reducing the size, number, and weight of the refractive lens.

[0032] According to at least one of the embodiments, various types of optical films are placed on a flat plane of an optical lens, and polarization according to reflection / transmission is controlled, thereby reducing the physical thickness of the lens or optical system while maintaining the overall optical path length.

[0033] The effects of this specification are not limited to those mentioned above, and other unmentioned effects will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description in the claims.

[0034] Figure 1a is a conceptual diagram showing an AI system including a VR / XR device.

[0035] FIG. 1b is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of an optical display device related to the present disclosure.

[0036] FIGS. 2 and FIGS. 3 are conceptual diagrams for explaining an HMD related to the present disclosure.

[0037] FIG. 4a shows the configuration of an optical display device according to the present disclosure.

[0038] Figure 4b shows the polarization components of the light signals in each region of the optical display device of Figure 4a.

[0039] FIG. 5a shows the configuration of an optical display device using a multi-reflection structure according to the present disclosure.

[0040] Figure 5b shows the polarization, reflection, and transmission components of light signals in each region of the optical display device of Figure 5a.

[0041] Figure 6 is a diagram comparing the characteristics of a refractive lens and a PBP lens.

[0042] Figure 7 shows the layered structure and front structure of a PBP lens.

[0043] FIG. 8 shows a display device having an optical lens formed by a combined structure of multiple lenses.

[0044] FIG. 9 shows a display device having a plurality of optical lenses.

[0045] Figure 10 shows a structure in which the surface of an optical lens facing a display is formed flat.

[0046] FIGS. 11 to 13 are conceptual diagrams explaining the operating principle according to the stacked structure of the first surface and the second surface of an optical lens.

[0047] Figure 14 shows the phase values ​​for each position along the vertical axis of the PBP lens.

[0048] FIG. 15 shows the structure of a head-mounted display device in which an optical display device according to the present disclosure is implemented.

[0049] It should be noted that technical terms used in this specification are used merely to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the invention. Additionally, singular expressions used in this specification include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The suffixes "module" and "part" for components used in the following description are assigned or used interchangeably solely for the ease of drafting the specification and do not inherently possess distinct meanings or roles.

[0050] In this specification, terms such as "composed of" or "comprising" should not be interpreted as necessarily including all of the various components or steps described in the specification, and should be interpreted as potentially excluding some of the components or steps, or including additional components or steps.

[0051] In addition, when describing the technology disclosed in this specification, if it is determined that a detailed description of related prior art could obscure the essence of the technology disclosed in this specification, such detailed description is omitted.

[0052] In addition, the attached drawings are intended only to facilitate understanding of the embodiments disclosed in this specification, and the technical concept disclosed in this specification is not limited by the attached drawings; it should be understood that they include all modifications, equivalents, and substitutions that fall within the concept and technical scope of this disclosure. Furthermore, not only each of the embodiments described below, but also combinations of embodiments may fall within the concept and technical scope of this disclosure as modifications, equivalents, and substitutions that fall within the concept and technical scope of this disclosure.

[0053] Meanwhile, the glasses-type terminal according to the present specification may be configured to interact with terminals in the vicinity. For example, the glasses-type terminal may be configured to display content held by the user or received from a nearby terminal. For another example, the glasses-type terminal may be configured to display content received by interacting with a nearby device or server via a cloud network. In this regard, the glasses-type terminal may also be configured to display content received by interacting with a nearby device or server via 5G communication.

[0054] Figure 1a is a conceptual diagram showing an AI system including a VR / XR device.

[0055] Referring to FIG. 1a, the AI ​​system is connected to a cloud network at least one of an AI server (16), a robot (11), an autonomous vehicle (12), a VR / XR device (13), a smartphone (14), or a home appliance (15). Here, the robot (11), the autonomous vehicle (12), the VR / XR device (13), the smartphone (14), or the home appliance (15) to which AI technology is applied may be referred to as AI devices (11 to 15).

[0056] A cloud network may refer to a network that constitutes part of a cloud computing infrastructure or exists within a cloud computing infrastructure. Here, the cloud network may be configured using a 3G network, a 4G or LTE (Long Term Evolution) network, or a 5G network, etc.

[0057] That is, each device (11 to 16) constituting the AI ​​system can be connected to each other through a cloud network. In particular, each device (11 to 16) may communicate with each other through a base station, but may also communicate directly with each other without going through a base station.

[0058] The AI ​​server (16) may include a server that performs AI processing and a server that performs operations on big data.

[0059] The AI ​​server (16) is connected via a cloud network to at least one of the AI ​​devices constituting the AI ​​system, such as a robot (11), an autonomous vehicle (12), a VR / XR device (13), a smartphone (14), or a home appliance (15), and can assist in at least some of the AI ​​processing of the connected AI devices (11 to 15).

[0060] At this time, the AI ​​server (16) can train an artificial neural network according to a machine learning algorithm on behalf of the AI ​​devices (11 to 15), and can directly store the training model or transmit it to the AI ​​devices (11 to 15).

[0061] At this time, the AI ​​server (16) receives input data from the AI ​​devices (11 to 15), infers a result value for the received input data using a learning model, and generates a response or control command based on the inferred result value and transmits it to the AI ​​devices (11 to 15).

[0062] Alternatively, the AI ​​device (11 to 15) may use a direct learning model to infer a result value for the input data and generate a response or control command based on the inferred result value.

[0063] <AI+VR / XR>

[0064] VR / XR devices (13) can be implemented with AI technology applied, such as HMD (Head-Mount Display), HUD (Head-Up Display) equipped in a vehicle, television, mobile phone, smartphone, computer, wearable device, home appliance, digital signage, vehicle, fixed robot or mobile robot.

[0065] The VR / XR device (13) can generate location data and attribute data for three-dimensional points by analyzing three-dimensional point cloud data or image data obtained through various sensors or from an external device. The VR / XR device (13) can obtain information about surrounding space or real objects and render and output a VR / XR object to be output. For example, the VR / XR device (13) can output a VR / XR object containing additional information about a recognized object by corresponding it to the recognized object.

[0066] The VR / XR device (13) can perform the above-mentioned operations using a learning model composed of at least one artificial neural network. For example, the VR / XR device (13) can recognize real-world objects in 3D point cloud data or image data using the learning model and provide information corresponding to the recognized real-world objects. Here, the learning model may be learned directly in the VR / XR device (13) or learned from an external device such as an AI server (16).

[0067] At this time, the VR / XR device (13) may perform an operation by generating a result using a direct learning model, but it may also perform an operation by transmitting sensor information to an external device such as an AI server (16) and receiving the result generated accordingly.

[0068] <AI+로봇+VR / XR>

[0069] The robot (11) can be implemented as a guide robot, transport robot, cleaning robot, wearable robot, entertainment robot, pet robot, unmanned flying robot, drone, etc. by applying AI technology and XR technology.

[0070] A robot (11) with XR technology applied may refer to a robot that is the subject of control / interaction within a VR / XR image. In this case, the robot (11) is distinguished from the VR / XR device (13) and can be interconnected with it.

[0071] When a robot (11) that is the subject of control / interaction within a VR / XR image acquires sensor information from sensors including a camera, the robot (11) or the VR / XR device (13) can generate a VR / XR image based on the sensor information, and the VR / XR device (13) can output the generated VR / XR image. Furthermore, the robot (11) can operate based on a control signal input through the VR / XR device (13) or user interaction.

[0072] For example, the user can view VR / XR images corresponding to the viewpoint of the remotely linked robot (11) through an external device such as a VR / XR device (13), and through interaction, can adjust the autonomous driving path of the robot (11), control its movement or driving, or check information about surrounding objects.

[0073] <AI+자율주행+XR>

[0074] The autonomous vehicle (12) can be implemented as a mobile robot, vehicle, unmanned aerial vehicle, etc. by applying AI technology and XR technology.

[0075] An autonomous vehicle (12) equipped with XR technology may refer to an autonomous vehicle equipped with means for providing VR / XR images, or an autonomous vehicle that is the subject of control / interaction within VR / XR images. In particular, an autonomous vehicle (12) that is the subject of control / interaction within VR / XR images may be distinguished from and interconnected with a VR / XR device (13).

[0076] An autonomous vehicle (12) equipped with means for providing VR / XR images can acquire sensor information from sensors including cameras and output VR / XR images generated based on the acquired sensor information. For example, the autonomous vehicle (12) can provide an XR object corresponding to a real object or an object in the screen to the occupant by providing a HUD and outputting VR / XR images.

[0077] At this time, when the XR object is displayed on the HUD, at least a portion of the XR object may be displayed so as to overlap with the actual object to which the passenger's gaze is directed. On the other hand, when the XR object is displayed on a display provided inside the autonomous vehicle (12), at least a portion of the XR object may be displayed so as to overlap with an object on the screen. For example, the autonomous vehicle (12) may display XR objects corresponding to objects such as a lane, other vehicles, traffic lights, traffic signs, motorcycles, pedestrians, buildings, etc.

[0078] When an autonomous vehicle (12) that is the subject of control / interaction within a VR / XR image acquires sensor information from sensors including a camera, the autonomous vehicle (12) or the VR / XR device (13) can generate a VR / XR image based on the sensor information, and the VR / XR device (13) can output the generated VR / XR image. Furthermore, the autonomous vehicle (12) can operate based on control signals input through an external device such as the VR / XR device (13) or user interaction.

[0079] [Extended Reality Technology]

[0080] Extended Reality (XR) is a collective term for Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), and Mixed Reality (MR). VR technology provides real-world objects or backgrounds solely as CG images, AR technology provides virtual CG images superimposed on real-world images, and MR technology provides virtual objects mixed and combined with the real world.

[0081] MR technology is similar to AR technology in that it displays real-world objects and virtual objects together. However, there is a difference in that while virtual objects in AR technology are used to complement real-world objects, virtual objects and real-world objects are used as equals in MR technology.

[0082] XR technology can be applied to HMDs (Head-Mount Displays), HUDs (Head-Up Displays), mobile phones, tablet PCs, laptops, desktops, TVs, digital signage, etc., and devices to which XR technology is applied can be called XR devices.

[0083] FIG. 1b is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of an optical display device related to the present disclosure.

[0084] A head-mounted display device (100) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include a communication unit (20), an input unit (30), a sensing unit (40), an output unit (50), an interface unit (60), a memory (70), a control unit (10), and a power supply unit (80), etc. Since the components illustrated in FIG. 1b are not essential for implementing the head-mounted display device (100), the head-mounted display device (100) described herein may have more or fewer components than those listed above.

[0085] More specifically, among the components, the communication unit (20) may include one or more modules that enable wireless communication between the head-mounted display device (100) and a wireless communication system, between the head-mounted display device (100) and another terminal, or between the head-mounted display device (100) and an external server. Additionally, the communication unit (20) may include one or more modules that connect the head-mounted display device (100) to one or more networks. Such a communication unit (20) may include at least one of a broadcast reception module, a mobile communication module, a wireless internet module, a short-range communication module, and a location information module.

[0086] The input unit (30) may include a camera (31) or video input unit for inputting a video signal, a microphone (32) or audio input unit for inputting an audio signal, and a user input unit (33, e.g., a touch key, a mechanical key, etc.) for receiving information from a user. Voice data or image data collected from the input unit (30) may be analyzed and processed into a control command for the user.

[0087] At least one camera (31) may be provided to be positioned adjacent to at least one of the left eye and the right eye to capture an image of the front. Since the camera (31) is positioned adjacent to the eye, the scene viewed by the user can be captured as an image. Additionally, the camera (31) may be formed in a glass frame that supports the glass to capture an image of the inside of the glass. In this case, the camera (31) may acquire information regarding the shape of the user's eyes, such as the size of the eyes or the position of each pupil, from the image of the inside of the glass.

[0088] The sensing unit (40) may include one or more sensors for sensing at least one of information within the head-mounted display device (100), information about the surrounding environment surrounding the head-mounted display device (100), and user information. For example, the sensing unit (40) may include at least one of a proximity sensor, an illumination sensor, a touch sensor, an acceleration sensor, a magnetic sensor, a gravity sensor (G-sensor), a gyroscope sensor, a motion sensor, an RGB sensor, an infrared sensor (IR sensor: infrared sensor), a fingerprint sensor (finger scan sensor), an ultrasonic sensor, an optical sensor (e.g., see camera (31)), a microphone (see 122), a battery gauge, an environmental sensor (e.g., a barometer, a hygrometer, a thermometer, a radiation detection sensor, a heat detection sensor, a gas detection sensor, etc.), and a chemical sensor (e.g., an electronic nose, a healthcare sensor, a biometric sensor, etc.). Meanwhile, the head-mounted display device (100) disclosed in this specification may utilize a combination of information sensed from at least two of these sensors.

[0089] The output unit (50) is for generating output related to sight, hearing, or touch, and may include at least one of a display unit (51), an audio output unit (53), and a haptic module (54). Additionally, the output unit (50) may further include an optical output unit for outputting an optical signal.

[0090] Here, the display unit (51) may include a light module (511) that includes at least one light source as an image source for emitting light to generate a virtual image. The light module (511) may include various light sources. For example, instead of a laser display using a laser diode, the light module (511) may use a micro LED (Light Emitting Diode), micro OLED (Organic LED), or LCoS (Liquid Crystal on Silicon) that emits light with a wider wavelength range than a laser diode. Alternatively, it may include a digital micromirror device (DMD) with LED or SLD (Super Luminescent Diode) as an image source.

[0091] And the display unit (51) may include a lens unit (512) comprising at least one lens for converting light emitted from a light module (511) into magnified and parallel light. The lens included in the lens unit (512) may include at least one of a concave lens, a convex lens, and a collimating lens, wherein the concave lens and the convex lens may be used to diverge and magnify the light emitted from the light module (511), and the collimating lens may be used to convert the light diverged and magnified by the concave lens and the convex lens into parallel light.

[0092] Meanwhile, the head-mounted display device (100) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may further include a diffraction unit (52) that forms a light path for light emitted from a display unit (51) to an EMB formed on the glass of the head-mounted display device (100). For example, when the output unit (50) is provided in a body part formed in the leg part of the head-mounted display device (100), the diffraction unit (52) may form a light path that causes light to be projected onto the glass from a part of the body part.

[0093] The diffraction section (52) may include a diffraction section (52) comprising at least one diffraction element. The diffraction section (52) may include a refractive element that refracts light emitted from the display section (51) in a specific direction.

[0094] Meanwhile, the interface section (60) serves as a passage for various types of external devices connected to the head-mounted display device (100). This interface section (160) may include at least one of a wired / wireless headset port, an external charger port, a wired / wireless data port, a memory card port, a port for connecting a device equipped with an identification module, an audio I / O (Input / Output) port, a video I / O (Input / Output) port, and an earphone port. In the head-mounted display device (100), appropriate control related to the connected external device can be performed in response to the connection of an external device to the interface section (60).

[0095] Meanwhile, the sound output unit (53) can output audio data received from the communication unit (20) or stored in the memory (170) in call signal reception, call mode or recording mode, voice recognition mode, broadcast reception mode, etc. The sound output unit (53) can output an audio signal related to a function performed by the head-mounted display device (100). This sound output unit (53) may include a receiver, a speaker, a buzzer, etc.

[0096] The sound output unit (53) can be configured to transmit sound using a general sound output method or a bone conduction method. When the sound output unit (53) is implemented using a bone conduction method, when the user wears the head-mounted display device (100), the sound output unit (53) comes into close contact with the user's head and can transmit sound by vibrating the skull.

[0097] And the haptic module (54) can generate various tactile effects that the user can feel. A typical example of the tactile effect generated by the haptic module (54) is vibration. The intensity and pattern of the vibration generated by the haptic module (54) can be controlled by the user's selection or the settings of the control unit. In addition, the haptic module (54) can output different vibrations by synthesizing them or sequentially, and two or more may be provided depending on the configuration of the head-mounted display device (100).

[0098] The interface section (60) serves as a passage for all external devices connected to the head-mounted display device (100). The interface section (60) receives data from external devices, supplies power to deliver it to each component inside the head-mounted display device (100), or allows data inside the head-mounted display device (100) to be transmitted to external devices. For example, a wired / wireless headset port, an external charger port, a wired / wireless data port, a memory card port, a port for connecting a device equipped with an identification module, an audio I / O (Input / Output) port, a video I / O (Input / Output) port, an earphone port, etc., may be included in the interface section (60).

[0099] The memory (70) can store a program for the operation of the control unit (10) and can also temporarily store input / output data (e.g., phonebook, message, still image, video, etc.). The memory (70) can store data regarding various patterns of vibration and sound output through the haptic module (54) or the sound output unit (53).

[0100] Meanwhile, the control unit (10) controls operations related to applications and the overall operation of the head-mounted display device (100). For example, if the state of the head-mounted display device (100) satisfies a preset condition, the control unit (10) may execute or release a lock state that restricts the input of user control commands for applications.

[0101] In addition, the control unit (10) can perform control and processing related to voice calls, data communication, video calls, etc. Furthermore, in order to implement the various embodiments described below on the head-mounted display device (100) according to the present invention, the control unit (10) can control one or a combination of the components described above.

[0102] The power supply unit (80) receives external power and internal power under the control of the control unit (10) and supplies power necessary for the operation of each component. The power supply unit (80) includes a battery, and the battery may be an internal battery that is rechargeable and may be detachably coupled to the terminal body for charging, etc. In addition, the battery may be charged with power from an external charger through a connection port, or the battery may be charged from an external wireless power transmission device based on an inductive coupling method based on magnetic induction or based on electromagnetic resonance.

[0103] FIGS. 2 and FIGS. 3 are conceptual diagrams for explaining an HMD related to the present disclosure.

[0104] A head-mounted display device (100) related to the present disclosure may be configured to include at least one of the components described in FIG. 1b.

[0105] Referring to FIG. 2, the head-mounted display device (100) related to the present disclosure is formed to be wearable on the head (or head, face, head) of a human body and may include a frame part (case, housing, cover, etc.) for this purpose.

[0106] In the present drawing, the head-mounted display device (100) is illustrated as including a frame (101) and a support member (102).

[0107] The above frame (101) may be named as a main body (or, HMD main body) or a body (or, HMD body). Here, the HMD main body (or HMD body) may be understood as a concept referring to the head-mounted display device (100) viewed as at least one assembly.

[0108] The above frame (101) may serve to provide a space in which at least one of the components described in FIG. 1 can be placed.

[0109] Specifically, the frame (101) is supported on the head and provides a space for mounting various components. As illustrated, electronic components such as a user input unit (123), a camera (121), an output unit (e.g., a display (151)), and a control unit (180) can be mounted on the frame (101).

[0110] The support member (102) can serve to support (or fix) the frame (101) so that it can be mounted on the head of a human body. At this time, the support member (102) may be formed of a flexible material to facilitate wearing. Additionally, electronic components such as an audio output unit (152) may be mounted on the support member (102).

[0111] However, this is not limited thereto, and the components described in FIG. 1 and the components required for the head-mounted display device (100) may be arranged in various ways according to the user's choice in the frame (101) and the support member (102). That is, the head-mounted display device (100) described in this specification may have more or fewer components than the components listed above.

[0112] The control unit (180, see FIG. 1) is configured to control various electronic components provided in the head-mounted display device (100). The control unit (180) can be understood as a configuration corresponding to the control unit (180) described in FIG. 1.

[0113] The display (151) is mounted on the frame and serves to output screen information (e.g., video, image, video, etc.) in front of the user's eyes. When the user wears the head-mounted display device (100), the display (151) may be positioned to correspond to at least one of the left eye and the right eye so that screen information can be displayed in front of the user's eyes. In this drawing, the display (151) is positioned to cover both the left eye and the right eye so that an image can be output toward both the user's left eye and the right eye.

[0114] Additionally, the display (151) can project an image to the user's eye using a prism. Additionally, the prism can be formed to be transparent so that the user can see the projected image and the general field of view in front (the range the user looks through their eyes) together.

[0115] In this way, the image output through the display (151) can be shown overlapping with the normal field of view. The head-mounted display device (100) can utilize these characteristics of the display to provide Augmented Reality (AR) that overlays a virtual image onto a real image or background to show it as a single image.

[0116] Additionally, the display (151) of the head-mounted display device (100) related to the present disclosure may be located inside the main body. Specifically, the display (151) may be positioned inside the HMD in a location facing the user's eyes when the HMD is worn on the user's head.

[0117] The camera (121) is positioned adjacent to at least one of the left eye and the right eye and is configured to capture an image of the front. Since the camera (121) is positioned adjacent to the eye and facing forward, the camera (121) can acquire an image of the scene viewed by the user.

[0118] In this drawing, a single camera (121) is provided as an example, but it is not necessarily limited thereto. Multiple cameras (121) may be provided to acquire stereoscopic images.

[0119] The head-mounted display device (100) may be equipped with a user input unit (123) for receiving control commands. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the user input unit (123) is mounted in a part of the main body of the head-mounted display device (100) and can receive control commands based on a tactile manner in which the user operates with a tactile sensation, such as touch or push. That is, in this drawing, a user input unit (123) with a push and touch input method is provided in the frame part.

[0120] As another example, the user input unit (123) of the head-mounted display device (100) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may receive a user’s preset gesture for the head-mounted display device (100), a preset movement of the main body of the head-mounted display device (100), etc., as a control command. To this end, the user input unit (123) may include at least one sensor. For example, it may include a gyroscope sensor or an accelerometer sensor for detecting movements such as rotation or tilting of the main body of the head-mounted display device (100). Additionally, as a preset gesture for the user’s head-mounted display device (100), it may additionally include a camera or an infrared sensor for detecting the user’s preset gaze.

[0121] As described above, when a control command is input through the user input unit (123), the control unit (180) can control at least one of the display (151) and the sound output unit (152) based on the control command.

[0122] Additionally, the head-mounted display device (100) may be equipped with a microphone (not shown) that receives sound input and processes it into electrical voice data, and a sound output unit (152) that outputs sound. The sound output unit (152) may be configured to transmit sound using a general sound output method or a bone conduction method. When the sound output unit (152) is implemented using a bone conduction method, when a user wears the head-mounted display device (100), the sound output unit (152) comes into close contact with the head and transmits sound by vibrating the skull.

[0123] Additionally, a head-mounted display device (100) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may include at least one microphone (not shown in the drawing) in the main body, capable of detecting a sound event occurring outside the head-mounted display device (100). The microphone can detect a sound event occurring outside the head-mounted display device (100) that the user cannot hear while sound information is output from the sound output unit (152) of the head-mounted display device (100). For example, the microphone may be configured as a directional microphone capable of identifying the location where the sound event occurred.

[0124] Hereinafter, embodiments related to the head-mounted display device (100) configured as described above will be described with reference to the attached drawings. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit and essential features of the present disclosure.

[0125] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the head-mounted display device (100) can output images in various ways. As an example, the head-mounted display device (100) can output images in a see-through manner. Here, the see-through manner refers to a method in which the display (151) that outputs screen information is transparent, allowing the user to use the content while perceiving the surrounding environment while wearing the optical display device (1000). As another example, the head-mounted display device (100) can output images in a front-light manner. Here, the front-light manner refers to a method in which light is not projected directly into the eyes, but a reflected image is displayed through a reflector such as a mirror.

[0126] In addition, as another example, the head-mounted display device (100) can output an image in a see-closed manner. Here, the see-closed manner refers to a method in which the display (151) is positioned at the very front and the external environment cannot be seen through the display (151), and content is accessed through the display (151). That is, it is a method in which screen information is output through the display (151).

[0127] Referring to FIG. 3, a head-mounted display device (100) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may include an optical lens (sub-unit) so that the user can see all the screen information output from a display (151) formed inside the HMD body.

[0128] That is, the head-mounted display device (100) related to the present disclosure may be formed so that all screen information (or light) output from the display (151) can be transmitted to the user's eye (or field of vision) through the optical lens (103).

[0129] For example, the optical lens (103) may be positioned to correspond to at least one of the user's two eyes (i.e., left eye and right eye). Additionally, the optical lens (103) may be positioned to be placed between the user's eyeball and the display (151) when the user wears the HMD on their head. Additionally, the optical lens (103) may be formed through a concave lens or a convex lens, or a combination thereof.

[0130] Referring to FIG. 3, a head-mounted display device (100) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may be formed such that the distance (D1) between the optical lens (103) and the display (151) can be varied. Hereinafter, this will be examined in more detail with reference to the drawings.

[0131] Methods for varying the distance (D1) between the optical lens (103) and the display (151) include moving the display (151) while keeping the optical lens (103) fixed, moving only the optical lens (103) while keeping the display (151) fixed, and moving the optical lens (103) and the display (151) simultaneously. In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the method of maintaining the display (151) in a fixed state and moving only the optical lens (103) will be described primarily. However, the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0132] The interpupillary distance (D2) of the user has a unique value for each user. As such, the focal distance between pupils varies from person to person, and if the focal distance between pupils is not aligned, a phenomenon of diplopia may occur in which an object appears as two or more due to the difference in the image formed in each eye. If the above diplopia occurs, eye fatigue increases, and in severe cases, it may cause dizziness. To prevent the above diplopia, the optical lens (103) and / or display (151) can be moved left or right to align with the focus of the pupil.

[0133] Meanwhile, the optical system of an optical display device can be composed of refractive lenses, and the size of the entire optical system, the number of lenses, and the weight vary slightly depending on the type of panel used for the field of view display. However, the overall optical system of an optical display device is generally large, which inevitably presents a limitation in that it is heavy. To address this, one solution is to replace refractive lenses with Fresnel lenses. However, there is a requirement to further reduce the size and weight compared to the solution of replacing them with Fresnel lenses.

[0134] In this regard, FIG. 4a shows the configuration of an optical display device according to the present disclosure. FIG. 4b shows the polarization components of light signals in each region of the optical display device of FIG. 4a.

[0135] Referring to FIG. 4a, the optical display device (1000) may be configured to include a display (151), a circularly polarized plate (151b), an optical lens (1010), and a PBP (Pancharatnam Berry Phase) lens (1100). To reduce the thickness of the optical display device (1000) according to the distance (D1) between the optical lens (103) and the display (151) of FIG. 3, the PBP lens (1100) may be placed on the first surface of the optical lens (1010).

[0136] An optical display device (1000) is described with reference to FIGS. 4a and 4b. The display (151) may be configured to emit an optical signal of a first polarization component corresponding to linear polarization. A circular polarizing plate (151b) may be disposed on the surface of the display (151). The circular polarizing plate (151b) may be configured to convert the optical signal of the first polarization component into a first circular polarization component.

[0137] A second polarizing plate (151a) may be disposed on the surface of the display (151). The second polarizing plate (151a) may be configured to convert the unpolarized component of the light signal emitted from the display (151) into a first polarized component. A circular polarizing plate (151b) may be disposed on the surface of the second polarizing plate (151a). The circular polarizing plate (151b) may be configured to convert the first polarized component into a first circular polarized component.

[0138] The optical lens (1010) may be positioned spaced apart from the display (151) in the Z-axis direction. The second surface (S2) of the optical lens (1010) may be formed to transmit part of the optical signal and reflect the remainder. The second surface (S2) of the optical lens (1010) may be formed as a half mirror that transmits about 50% of the optical signal and reflects the remainder. The second surface (S2) of the optical lens (1010) may be formed convexly so that the optical signal is concentrated in the user's eyebox area (EBR1).

[0139] A PBP lens (1100) may be placed on the first surface (S1) of an optical lens (1010). The PBP lens (1100) may be configured such that the phase value of the optical signal is formed differently depending on the position of the Y-axis. The PBP lens (1100) may have a liquid crystal layer formed such that optical signals having a first circular polarization component converge into the user's eyebox area (EBR1).

[0140] The PBP lens (1100) can be configured so that light signals of a first circular polarization component are refracted and focused. The PBP lens (1100) can be configured so that light signals of a second circular polarization component orthogonal to the first circular polarization component are refracted and diverged.

[0141] Optical signals of the first circular polarization component can be converted into optical signals of the second circular polarization component by passing through the PBP lens (1100). The stacked structure including the liquid crystal layer of the PBP lens (1100) will be described in detail in FIG. 7, which will be described later.

[0142] Meanwhile, FIG. 5a shows the configuration of an optical display device using a multi-reflection structure according to the present disclosure. FIG. 5b shows the polarization, reflection component, and transmission component of light signals in each region of the optical display device of FIG. 5a.

[0143] Referring to FIGS. 4a and 4b, no reflection of light signals occurs on the first surface (S1) of the optical lens (1010). Therefore, as light signals incident on the boundary regions (BR1, BR2) of the first surface (S1) of the optical lens (1010) pass through the boundary regions (BR1, BR2) of the first surface (S1), the size of the eye box region (EBR1) increases. Accordingly, the distance on the Z-axis of the optical system can be increased to reduce the length on the Y-axis of the user's eye box region (EBR1).

[0144] Additionally, as the optical lens (1010) is formed with a transmission structure without multiple reflections in its internal region, the light density in the internal region of the optical lens (1010) decreases, which may result in a decrease in the resolution of the image being formed. Therefore, the first surface (S1) needs to be configured so that light signals incident on the boundary regions (BR1, BR2) of the first surface (S1) of the optical lens (1010) are reflected multiplely at the boundary regions (BR1, BR2) of the first surface (S1) and the second surface (S2).

[0145] Referring to FIGS. 5a and 5b, a folding optical system and the polarization characteristics of light can be utilized. By causing light to repeatedly propagate in the reverse direction from the direction of propagation, the physical thickness of the lens can be reduced while maintaining the length of the entire optical path.

[0146] Referring to FIGS. 5a and 5b, light signals emitted from a display (151) are converted into circularly polarized light and incident on a second surface (S2) of an optical lens (1010) having curvature. The second surface (S2) of the optical lens (1010) functions as a refractive lens. The second surface (S2), which is the incident surface of the optical lens (1010), can be implemented as a half mirror having a coating layer that reflects a certain proportion of light signals. A reflection light path and a transmission light path are formed by the half mirror structure, thereby forming multiple light paths.

[0147] Meanwhile, optical signals transmitted through the second surface (S2) of the optical lens (1010) can be converted into first linear polarization by passing through the first phase delay plate (1020) of the first surface (S1). The optical signals transmitted through the first phase delay plate (1020) are reflected again at a certain ratio from the second surface (S2) of the optical lens (1010). The optical signals reflected from the second surface (S2) of the optical lens (1010) pass through the first phase delay plate (1020) again to become second linear polarization perpendicular to the first linear polarization, and pass through the polarizing plate (1030), which is a reflective polarizer.

[0148] Meanwhile, it is not easy to implement the optical performance of a display by means of one surface of an optical lens (1010) formed as a refractive lens to refract light signals. Therefore, instead of implementing the first surface (S1) of the optical lens (1010) as flat, a curvature may be formed, or an additional lens may be placed in the direction of the line of sight. However, if a curved surface is formed on the first surface (S1) of the optical lens (1010), the QWP and the reflective polarizer must be formed as a curved lamination structure, which increases the difficulty of the process and increases the likelihood of an increased defect rate. In addition, if a lens is added in the direction of the user's line of sight, there is a disadvantage that the overall lens thickness increases, causing the size to increase.

[0149] Accordingly, the optical display device of the present disclosure aims to form a pancake lens structure by forming a PBP lens (1100) on the first surface (S1) of an optical lens (1010). In this regard, the PBP lens (1100) can achieve lens characteristics with a thin thickness. Therefore, if the PBP lens (1100) is formed as a lamination structure on the surface of the QWP, the flat lens surface can have the same or similar effect as the curved lens surface. Accordingly, through an appropriate design that satisfies optical performance, a pancake lens structure with a thinner thickness can be realized through the PBP lens (1100).

[0150] The optical display device (1000) may be configured to include a display (151), a circular polarizing plate (151b), an optical lens (1010), and a PBP lens (1100). The optical display device (1000) may further be configured to include a first phase delay plate (1020), a polarized plate (1030), and a second phase delay plate (1040).

[0151] The display (151) may be configured to emit an optical signal of a first polarization component corresponding to linear polarization. A circular polarizing plate (151b) may be disposed on the surface of the display (151). The circular polarizing plate (151b) may be configured to convert the optical signal of the first polarization component into an optical signal of the first circular polarization component.

[0152] An optical lens (1010) may be positioned spaced apart from the display (151) in the Z-axis direction. The first surface (S1) of the optical lens (1010) may be formed flat. The second surface (S2) of the optical lens (1010) may be formed to transmit part of the optical signal and reflect the remainder.

[0153] A circular polarizing plate (151b) may be disposed on the surface of the display (151). The circular polarizing plate (151b) may be configured to convert a light signal of a first polarization component into a first circular polarization component. A PBP lens (1100) may be disposed on the flat first surface (S1) of the optical lens (1010) or on the circular polarizing plate (151b). The PBP lens (1100) may be configured such that the phase value of the light signal is formed differently depending on the position of the Y-axis where the light signal is incident. The PBP lens (1100) may have a liquid crystal layer (1130) formed so that light signals having the first circular polarization component converge into the user's eye box area (EBR).

[0154] Meanwhile, a first phase delay plate (1020) may be disposed on the first surface (S1) of the optical lens (1010). The first phase delay plate (1020) may be configured to convert a first polarization component into a first circular polarization component or to convert a first circular polarization component into a second polarization component. The second surface (S2) of the optical lens (1010) may be formed as a half-mirror structure to transmit part of the light and reflect the rest. The second surface (S2) of the optical lens (1010) may be formed convexly to transmit part of the light and reflect the rest.

[0155] The display (151) may be spaced apart from the second surface (S2) of the optical lens (1010) and configured to emit light. Light of the first circular polarization component emitted from the display (151) may be configured to pass through the first surface (S1) and the second surface (S2) of the optical lens (1010). Light of the second circular polarization component emitted from the display (151) may be configured to be reflected from the second surface (S2) of the optical lens.

[0156] The display (151) may be configured to emit a first polarization component of linear polarization. Since the polarization of light incident on the optical lens (1010) must be circularly polarized, a polarization element for controlling the polarization of light is additionally required on the surface of the display (151). In this regard, a circular polarization plate (151b) may be disposed on the surface of the display (151). The circular polarization plate (151b) may be configured to convert the first polarization component into a first circularly polarized component.

[0157] A polarizing plate (1030) may be disposed on the first phase delay plate (1020). The polarizing plate (1030) may be configured to transmit a first polarization component and reflect a second polarization component. The first polarization component and the second polarization component may be orthogonal linear polarization components. For example, the first polarization component and the second polarization component may be a horizontal polarization component and a vertical polarization component, respectively.

[0158] A second phase delay plate (1040) may be disposed on the second surface of the polarizing plate (1030). The second phase delay plate (1040) may be configured to convert the first polarization component into the first original polarization component.

[0159] The first phase delay plate (1020) may be configured to consist of a first QWP that converts a first circularly polarized component transmitted through the optical lens (1010) into a second polarized component. The second phase delay plate (1020) may be configured to consist of a second QWP that converts a first polarized component into a first circularly polarized component.

[0160] The first phase delay plate (1020) can convert the second polarization component reflected from the polarizing plate (1030) into a second circular polarization component. The first phase delay plate (1020) can convert the second circular polarization component reflected from the optical lens (1010) into a first polarization component. The first circular polarization component and the second circular polarization component may be orthogonal circular polarization components. For example, the first circular polarization component and the second circular polarization component may be a left-circular polarization component and a right-circular polarization component, respectively.

[0161] The second surface (S2) of the optical lens (1010) can selectively transmit / reflect light depending on the polarization component of the optical signal. Light of the first circular polarization component transmitted through the circular polarization plate (151b) can transmit through the first surface (S1) and the second surface (S2) of the optical lens (1010). Light of the second circular polarization component reflected from the polarization plate (1030) and converted by the first phase delay plate (1020) can be reflected from the second surface (S2) of the optical lens (1010).

[0162] Optical signals can be emitted at a predetermined angle for each region on the Y-axis of the display (151). Optical signals of the first circular polarization component can converge into the eye box region (EBR) by multiple reflections of the optical signals between the second surface (S2) and the first surface (S1) of the optical lens (1010).

[0163] The second length (L2) on the Y-axis of the PBP lens (1100) may be formed to be shorter than the first length (L1) on the Y-axis of the optical lens (1010). The PBP lens (1100) may be placed in the central region (CR) of the optical lens (1010). The PBP lens (1100) may be configured not to be placed in the boundary regions (BR1, BR2) of the optical lens (1010). Accordingly, a polarizing plate (1030) must be placed so that light signals are reflected in the boundary regions (BR1, BR2) of the first surface (S1) of the optical lens (1010). However, the PBP lens (1100) may be removed so that unnecessary refraction by some circular polarization components does not occur in the boundary regions (BR1, BR2) of the first surface (S1) of the optical lens (1010).

[0164] Optical signals reflected from the polarizing plate (1030) in the boundary region (BR1, BR2) of the optical lens (1010) can be reflected from the second surface (S2) of the optical lens (1010) and proceed to the center region (CR) of the first surface (S1) of the optical lens (1010). Optical signals of the first circular polarization component that pass through the center region (CR) of the optical lens (1010) can be refracted at the surface of the PBP lens (1100) and converge into the eyebox region (EBR).

[0165] The optical lens (1010), the first phase delay plate (1020), the polarizing plate (1030), and the second phase delay plate (1040) may be referred to as a pancake lens structure. The pancake lens structure may require a polarizing element such as a reflective polarizer and a QWP having a thickness of λ / 4 as an optical element for polarization control to change the optical path.

[0166] The first phase delay plate (1020) and the second phase delay plate (1040) operate as reflective polarizers. The polarizing plate (1030) can be implemented as a QWP having a thickness of λ / 4. Such polarizing elements can be implemented in the form of a film. To reduce the overall thickness and simplify the structure of the polarizing elements, a lamination structure can be formed on the surface of the lens.

[0167] The surface of the lens where the polarizing element is placed can be formed flat to facilitate the formation of a lamination structure. Meanwhile, to reduce the number of lenses while ensuring optical performance, it is necessary to implement a curved lamination structure in which all surfaces of the lens are formed as curves. However, manufacturing such a curved lamination structure is a very difficult technology due to the high probability of process defects.

[0168] Therefore, curved lamination structures are not suitable for mass production because the manufacturing process is very difficult and the defect rate may increase. Consequently, a structure in which a film is laminated on a flat surface without increasing the number of lenses can be a very useful solution for constructing thin and lightweight VR optical modules.

[0169] Accordingly, the optical display device according to the present disclosure intends to construct a thin / lightweight VR optical module using an element called a PBP (Pancharatnam Berry Phase) lens.

[0170] In this regard, a PBP lens (1100) may be placed on the second phase delay plate (1040). Compared to other lens structures, strong refracted light can be formed with a thin thickness through the PBP lens (1100). Depending on the left-circle or right-circle polarization of the polarization component of the refracted light, convex or concave lens characteristics can be implemented. Therefore, compared to other optical display devices, volume reduction and variable focus functions can be implemented.

[0171] The PBP lens (1100) may be formed to transmit optical signals having a circular polarization component. The PBP lens (1100) may have a liquid crystal layer (1130) formed to converge the first circular polarization component into the user's eyebox area. The PBP lens (1100) may be configured so that optical signals of the first circular polarization component are transmitted and concentrated into the eyebox area (EBR). On the other hand, the PBP lens (1100) may be configured so that optical signals of the second circular polarization component are transmitted and diverged.

[0172] Optical signals of the first circular polarization component can be converted into optical signals of the second circular polarization component by passing through the PBP lens (1100). The PBP lens (1100) can be configured so that as the optical signals of the first circular polarization component are passed through, the optical signals converge to a focal point or are concentrated into an eye box region (EBR).

[0173] Meanwhile, light signals of the second circular polarization component can be converted into light signals of the first circular polarization component by passing through the PBP lens (1100). The PBP lens (1100) can be configured to emit light signals as the light signals of the second circular polarization component are transmitted.

[0174] Meanwhile, FIG. 6 is a diagram comparing the characteristics of a refractive lens and a PBP lens. Referring to FIG. 6(a), the refractive lens (1100a) can be formed with a thickness of 1 mm to 10 mm. The refractive lens (1100a) can have a first surface and a second surface formed with curvature so that parallel light signals of a first region (R1) converge at the focal point (F) of a second region (R2).

[0175] Referring to FIG. 6(b), the PBP lens (1100) can be formed with a thickness of a predetermined range based on approximately 50 μm. Parallel optical signals of the first circular polarization component in the first region (R1) can be formed to pass through the PBP lens (1100) and converge at the focal point (F) of the second region (R2). The optical signals of the first circular polarization component can pass through the PBP lens (1100) and be converted into optical signals of the second circular polarization component orthogonal to the first circular polarization component. For example, the first circular polarization component and the second circular polarization component may be a left-circular polarization component and a right-circular polarization component, respectively, but are not limited thereto.

[0176] Accordingly, the PBP lens (1100) can be formed to have a thinner thickness than the refractive lens and can achieve light-gathering performance. The PBP lens (1100) can be formed to have a thinner thickness than the refractive lens and can achieve light-gathering performance while being attached to another optical structure in the form of a film.

[0177] Referring to FIG. 6(c), the PBP lens (1100) can be formed with a thickness of a predetermined range based on approximately 50 μm. Parallel optical signals of the second circular polarization component in the first region (R1) can be formed to pass through the PBP lens (1100) and diverge in the second region (R2). The optical signals of the second circular polarization component can pass through the PBP lens (1100) and be converted into optical signals of the first circular polarization component.

[0178] FIG. 7 shows the layered structure and front structure of a PBP lens. FIG. 7(a) shows the layered structure of a PBP lens (1100) on the XZ plane. Referring to FIG. 7(a), a substrate layer (1110), an orientation film (1120), and a liquid crystal layer (1130) can be laminated to form a PBP lens (1100). In a first region indicated by the pitch (P) of the liquid crystal layer (1130), the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer (1130) are rotated 180 degrees and oriented in their original direction.

[0179] The liquid crystal layer (1130) is formed from a material in an intermediate state between liquid and solid, and the liquid crystal molecules form a layer-like structure. As the molecular arrangement of the liquid crystal layer (1130) changes depending on the temperature or electric field, a change occurs between a transparent state and an opaque state.

[0180] FIG. 7(b) shows the structure of the liquid crystal layer (1130) of the PBP lens (1100) on the YZ plane. Referring to FIG. 7(b), in the first region (1130R1) indicated by the pitch (P) of the PBP lens (1100), the orientation of the liquid crystal layer (1130) can be rotated 180 degrees by rotating from the Y-axis direction to the Z-axis direction and then rotating back to the Y-axis direction. Additionally, in the second region (1130R2) of the PBP lens (1100), the orientation of the liquid crystal layer (1130) can be rotated 180 degrees by rotating from the Y-axis direction to the Z-axis direction and then rotating back to the Y-axis direction.

[0181] Referring to FIGS. 4a through 7, the PBP lens (1100) may be configured to include a substrate layer (1110), an alignment layer (1120), and a liquid crystal layer (1130).

[0182] The substrate layer (1110) may be formed to have a first dielectric constant and a first thickness (t1). An alignment layer (1120) may be formed to be laminated on the substrate layer (1110). The alignment layer (1120) may be formed to have a second dielectric constant and a second thickness (t2). The alignment layer (1120) may be implemented as a photo-alignment layer. The second thickness (t2) of the alignment layer (1120) may be formed within a predetermined range based on 1 µm.

[0183] A liquid crystal layer (1130) may be formed to be laminated onto an alignment layer (1120). The liquid crystal layer (1130) may be formed to have a third dielectric constant and a third thickness (t3). The third thickness (t3) of the liquid crystal layer (1130) may be formed within a predetermined range based on 10 µm. The third thickness (t3) of the liquid crystal layer (1130) may be formed to be thicker than the second thickness (t2) of the alignment layer (1120).

[0184] Meanwhile, a substrate layer (1110) of a PBP lens (1100) may be disposed on the second surface of the second phase delay plate (1040). The first light and the second light passing through the first point and the second point of the liquid crystal layer (1130) of the PBP lens (1100) may be refracted at the first refraction angle and the second refraction angle, respectively, and may be incident on the third point and the fourth point of the user's eye box.

[0185] The first light and the second light of the first circular polarization component passing through the first point and the second point of the liquid crystal layer (1130) of the PBP lens (1100) can be refracted at the first refraction angle and the second refraction angle, respectively. In this regard, the first length between the first point and the second point can be formed to be longer than the second length between the third point and the fourth point. Accordingly, the PBP lens (1100) can reduce the thickness of the optical display device by causing the light signals of the first circular polarization component to converge toward the focus, thereby concentrating the light signals into the user's eyebox area.

[0186] Meanwhile, the optical lens of the display device (100) according to the present disclosure may be formed as a combined structure of two or more lenses. In this regard, FIG. 8 shows a display device having an optical lens formed as a combined structure of a plurality of lenses.

[0187] Referring to FIGS. 4a through 8, the optical lens (1010) may be composed of a doublet lens (1010b). The doublet lens (1010b) may be configured to include a first sub-lens (1011) and a second sub-lens (1012). The first sub-lens (1011) may have a first surface (S1) formed flat and a second surface (S2) formed as a first convex surface with a first curvature. The second sub-lens (1012) may have a first surface (S1) formed as a concave surface with a first curvature and a second surface (S2) formed as a second convex surface with a second curvature.

[0188] In this regard, the first curvature of the first sub-lens (1011) may be formed to be greater than the second curvature of the sub-lens (1012). The first radius of the first circle corresponding to the first circumference forming the first surface (S1) of the first sub-lens (1011) may be formed to be smaller than the second radius of the second circle corresponding to the second circumference forming the second surface (S2) of the second sub-lens (1012).

[0189] A first phase delay plate (1020), a polarizing plate (1030), a second phase delay plate (1040), and a PBP lens (1100) may be laminated on the first surface (S1) of the first sub-lens (1011). The second surface (S2) of the second sub-lens (1012) may be configured as a half-mirror structure formed as a second convex surface of a second curvature to transmit some of the light signals emitted from the display (151) and the circular polarizing plate (151b) and reflect the remainder. A plurality of light paths may be formed by the half-mirror structure, by which a reflected light path and a transmitted light path are formed.

[0190] The second surface (S2) of the first sub-lens (1011) may be configured as a half-mirror structure formed as a first convex surface of a first curvature to transmit some of the light signals and reflect the rest. A reflection light path and a transmission light path are formed by the half-mirror structure, thereby forming multiple light paths.

[0191] A second polarizing plate (151a) may be disposed on the surface of the display (151). The second polarizing plate (151a) may be configured to convert the unpolarized component of the light signal emitted from the display (151) into a first polarized component. A circular polarizing plate (151b) may be disposed on the surface of the second polarizing plate (151a). The circular polarizing plate (151b) may be configured to convert the first polarized component into a first circular polarized component.

[0192] Meanwhile, the optical lens of the display device (100) according to the present disclosure may be formed as a combined structure of two or more lenses. In this regard, FIG. 9 shows a display device having a plurality of optical lenses.

[0193] Referring to FIGS. 4a through 7 and FIG. 9, the optical display device (1000) may be configured to include an optical lens (1010), a first phase delay plate (1020), a polarized plate (1030), a second phase delay plate (1040), a convex lens (1050), and a PBP lens (1100). The optical display device (1000) may be configured to further include a display (151). The optical display device (1000) may be configured to further include a circular polarized plate (151b).

[0194] A convex lens (1050) may be placed on the first surface of an optical lens (1010) on which a PBP lens (1100) is placed. The convex lens (1050) may be configured so that light signals transmitted through the optical lens (1010) converge into the user's eyebox area.

[0195] The first surface (S1) of the convex lens (1050) disposed on the first surface (S1) of the optical lens (1010) may be formed flat. The second surface (S2) of the convex lens (1050) may be formed as a third convex surface with a third curvature. The second surface (S2) of the optical lens (1010) may be formed as a first convex surface with a first curvature.

[0196] The first curvature of the second surface (S2) of the optical lens (1010) may be formed to be larger than the third curvature of the second surface (S2) of the convex lens (1050). The first radius of the first circle forming the first surface (S1) of the optical lens (1010) may be formed to be smaller than the second radius of the second circle corresponding to the second circumference forming the second surface (S2) of the convex lens (1050).

[0197] A first phase delay plate (1020), a polarizing plate (1030), a second phase delay plate (1040), and a PBP lens (1100) may be laminated on a first surface (S1) of an optical lens (1010). A first surface (S1) of a convex lens (1050) may be placed on a liquid crystal layer (1130) of a PBP lens (1100).

[0198] In the liquid crystal layer (1130) of the PBP lens (1100), light signals of the first circular polarization component at the first surface (S1) of the convex lens (1050) can be refracted to have a first angle of refraction. Additionally, the second surface (S2) of the convex lens (1050) can be formed with a third curvature so that light signals of the first circular polarization component are refracted to have a second angle of refraction and converge into the eye box region.

[0199] Accordingly, the thickness of the optical display device can be further reduced by the second surface (S2) of the PBP lens (1100) formed to have a first refraction angle and the convex lens (1050) formed to have a second refraction angle.

[0200] Meanwhile, the surface of the optical lens facing the display of the display device (100) according to the present disclosure may be formed flat. In this regard, FIG. 10 shows a structure in which the surface of the optical lens facing the display is formed flat.

[0201] Referring to FIGS. 4a through 7 and FIG. 10, the optical path of light signals can be reciprocated through a reciprocating reflection structure between a light source display (151) and an optical lens (1010).

[0202] The display (151) and the circular polarizing plate (151b) may be positioned to face the first surface (S1) of the optical lens (1010). Light signals emitted from the display (151) may be reflected from the first surface (S1) of the optical lens (1010) and the surface of the display (151).

[0203] The stacked structure of the first phase delay plate (1020), the polarizing plate (1030), the second phase delay plate (1040), and the PBP lens (1100) may be placed on an optical lens (1010) or a circular polarizing plate (151b). According to an embodiment, the stacked structure of the first phase delay plate (1020), the polarizing plate (1030), the second phase delay plate (1040), and the PBP lens (1100) may also be placed on a circular polarizing plate (151b).

[0204] As described above, a first phase delay plate (1020), a polarizing plate (1030), a second phase delay plate (1040), and a PBP lens (1100) may be laminated on a circular polarizing plate (151b). A first surface (S1) of a convex lens (1050) may be disposed on the liquid crystal layer (1130) of the PBP lens (1100). A half-mirror structure that transmits a portion of light and reflects the remainder may be formed on the surface of the display (151). The surface of the circular polarizing plate (151b) laminated on the display (151) may be formed as a half-mirror structure that transmits a portion of light and reflects the remainder. A plurality of light paths may be formed by the half-mirror structure, which creates a reflected light path and a transmitted light path.

[0205] Meanwhile, the operating principle according to the stacked structure of the optical display device according to the present disclosure will be explained with reference to the drawings. In this regard, FIGS. 11 to 13 are conceptual diagrams explaining the operating principle according to the stacked structure of the first surface and the second surface of the optical lens.

[0206] Referring to FIG. 11(a), light emitted from a light panel display (151) travels toward an optical lens (1010). Various types of light panels, such as LCD, OLEDoS, and LEDoS, can be used as the light panel display (151).

[0207] Since the polarization of light incident on the optical lens (1010) must be circularly polarized, a polarizing element that controls the polarization of light is additionally required on the surface of the display (151) according to the type of polarization of light emitted from the display (151). For example, if the light emitted from the display (151) is linearly polarized, a QWP for converting linearly polarized light into circularly polarized light must be attached to the surface of the display (151).

[0208] If the light emitted from the display (151) is non-polarized, a polarizer for converting it to linear polarization and a QWP for converting it to circular polarization must be attached to the surface of the display (151) in sequence. In this regard, the display (151) may be configured to emit a light signal of a non-polarized component. An OLED display panel may emit a light signal of a non-polarized component.

[0209] Referring to FIG. 11(b), light emitted from a display (151) reaches a second surface (S2) of an optical lens (1010). The second surface (S2) of the optical lens (1010) may be coated to transmit some components of the incident light and reflect the remaining components. By the coating formed on the second surface (S2) of the optical lens (1010), the transmitted light components are used as light for the display, and the reflected light components are not used.

[0210] A second polarizing plate (151a) may be disposed on the surface of the display (151). The second polarizing plate (151a) may be configured to convert the unpolarized component of the light signal emitted from the display (151) into a first polarized component. A circular polarizing plate (151b) may be disposed on the surface of the second polarizing plate (151a). The circular polarizing plate (151b) may be configured to convert the first polarized component into a first circular polarized component.

[0211] Referring to FIG. 12(a), a QWP and a reflective polarizer are bonded in the form of films and disposed on a flat first surface (S1) of an optical lens (1010). A first phase delay plate (1020) and a polarizing plate (1030) may be disposed on the flat first surface (S1) of the optical lens (1010). The first phase delay plate (1020) and the polarizing plate (1030) correspond to the QWP and the reflective polarizer, respectively.

[0212] The light passing through the first phase delay plate (1020) is converted into linear polarization of the second polarization component. The linear polarization of the second polarization component is incident on the polarizing plate (1030). If the polarizing plate (1030) is positioned in an appropriate direction, all the light incident on the polarizing plate (1030) can be reflected.

[0213] Referring to FIG. 12(b), light reflected from the polarizing plate (1030) passes through the first phase delay plate (1020) to be converted into circularly polarized light and proceeds into the interior of the optical lens (1010). The linearly polarized second polarization component reflected from the polarizing plate (1030) passes through the first phase delay plate (1020) to be converted into a second circularly polarized component. The second circularly polarized component proceeds into the interior of the optical lens (1010) and is incident on the second surface (S2) of the optical lens (1010) corresponding to the half mirror. Some of the light components of the second circularly polarized component incident on the second surface (S2) of the optical lens (1010) pass through the second surface (S2) of the optical lens (1010), and the remaining light components are reflected from the second surface (S2) of the optical lens (1010). Light reflected from the second surface (S2) of the optical lens (1010) is used as light for display, and light transmitted from the second surface (S2) of the optical lens (1010) is not used.

[0214] Referring to FIG. 13(a), a QWP and a reflective polarizer are laminated in the form of a film on a flat first surface (S1) of an optical lens (1010), and a QWP and a PBP are laminated on the reflective polarizer. Thus, a first phase delay plate (1020), a polarizing plate (1030), a second phase delay plate (1040), and a PBP lens (1100) can be laminated on the flat first surface (S1) of the optical lens (1010).

[0215] When light reflected from the half mirror of the second surface (S2) of the optical lens (1010) is incident again on the first phase delay plate (1020), it is converted back into linear polarization. The linear polarization of the first polarization component is orthogonal to the linear polarization of the second polarization component, and the linear polarization of the first polarization component passes through the polarizing plate (1030). The linear polarization of the first polarization component that passes through the polarizing plate (1030) passes through the second phase delay plate (1040) and is converted into a first circular polarization component. The optical signal converted into a first circular polarization component by passing through the second phase delay plate (1040) is incident on the PBP (1100).

[0216] PBP (1100) is an optical element that operates such that the incident circularly polarized light has a designed phase profile. PBP (1100) can be laminated on a first surface (S1) of an optical lens (1020) in which a plurality of optical elements are laminated in the form of a film. PBP (1100) can be laminated on the outermost layer of the first surface (S1) of an optical lens (1020) in which a plurality of optical elements are laminated in the form of a film.

[0217] Referring to FIG. 13(b), the light is influenced by the role of the lens by the PBP (1100), and the light is refracted and propagates at a pre-designed angle. The light transmitted by the PBP (1100) travels at a pre-designed angle and enters the human eye corresponding to the eye box area. The light transmitted by the PBP (1100) that enters the eye forms an image on the retina, allowing the person to see the image.

[0218] Meanwhile, in the optical display device according to the present disclosure, the PBP lens may be arranged in the vertical axis direction. The PBP lens arranged in the vertical axis direction may be designed so that the phase value is optimized for each position in the vertical axis direction. In this regard, FIG. 14 shows the phase value for each position in the vertical axis direction of the PBP lens.

[0219] Referring to FIGS. 4a through 14, the PBP lens (110) can be positioned in the Y-axis direction, which is the vertical axis direction. The PBP lens (110) positioned in the Y-axis direction can be designed so that the phase value is optimized for each position in the Y-axis direction.

[0220] A PBP lens (1100) is an optical element capable of converting the phase of transmitted light to an intended value by appropriately arranging the liquid crystal molecules, which are internal constituent materials. FIG. 14 shows examples of phase values ​​for each position on the surface of the PBP lens (1100) of FIG. 4a to FIG. 13. In this regard, the X-axis of FIG. 14 represents each position on the surface of the PBP lens (1100), and the Y-axis represents the phase value of the light transmitted through the PBP lens (1100).

[0221] When light transmitted through the PBP lens (1100) has such a phase change, the film-type PBP lens (1100) having a thickness of about 10 µm to 100 µm can be configured so that the incident light is refracted similarly to a refractive lens. Depending on various variables such as the size of the display (151) which is the panel used, the performance and overall size of the optical system to be satisfied, and the curvature of the first surface (S1) of the optical lens (1010), the phase value of the PBP lens (1100) can be appropriately changed.

[0222] The PBP lens (1100) can be configured so that the phase of the transmitted light signal changes as it moves from the center to the boundary of the Y-axis. The PBP lens (1100) can have a second length (L2) on the Y-axis determined such that the phase value changes by more than 720 degrees at the boundary of the Y-axis relative to the phase of 0 degrees at the center. In this regard, the second length (L2) of the PBP lens (1100) can be determined to be more than 25 mm, which is twice 12.5 mm, so that the phase value changes by more than 720 degrees.

[0223] Meanwhile, the second length (L2) of the PBP lens (1100) can be determined to be 30mm or less, which is twice 15mm, so that the phase value does not change to the opposite phase. Additionally, if the second length (L2) of the PBP lens (1100) is implemented to be 30mm or more, the phase value changes abruptly in the 2.5mm boundary region between -17.5mm and -15mm and between 15mm and 17.5mm. As the phase value changes abruptly in the 2.5mm boundary region, performance changes may occur sensitively due to design / manufacturing errors, etc. Therefore, the second length (L2) of the PBP lens (1100) can be determined to be in the range of 25mm to 30mm.

[0224] FIG. 15 shows the structure of a head-mounted display device in which an optical display device according to the present disclosure is implemented. FIG. 15(a) is a structure in which first and second optical lenses (1010a, 1010b) are arranged spaced apart from a display (151) in a head-mounted display device (100).

[0225] FIG. 15(b) shows the structure of an optical display device (1000) in which a plurality of optical elements are arranged on the first surface (S1) of the first and second optical lenses (1010a, 1010b) of FIG. 15(a). Referring to FIG. 15, optical elements are arranged on the first surface (S1) of the optical lens (1010), and the second surface (S2) of the optical lens (1010) can be formed as a half-mirror structure. Accordingly, the distance (D1a) between the optical lens (1010) and the display (151) can be reduced compared to the distance (D1) between the optical lens (1010) and the display (151) of FIG. 3.

[0226] With reference to FIGS. 2 through 15, a head-mounted display device (100) according to the present disclosure will be described. In this regard, all descriptions of the structure, operating principle, and technical features of the optical display device described above may be applied to the head-mounted display device (100) below.

[0227] Referring to FIGS. 2 through 15, the head-mounted display device (100) may be configured to include a frame (101), a display (151), an optical lens (1010), a circular polarizing plate (151b), and a PBP lens (1100). The head-mounted display device (100) may further be configured to include a first phase delay plate (1020), a polarized plate (1030), and a second phase delay plate (1040).

[0228] A display (151) may be provided in the frame (101). The display (151) may be configured to emit an optical signal of a first polarization component corresponding to linear polarization. A circular polarizing plate (151b) may be disposed on the surface of the display (151). The circular polarizing plate (151b) may be configured to convert the optical signal of the first polarization component into an optical signal of the first circular polarization component.

[0229] An optical lens (1010) may be positioned spaced apart from the display (151) in the Z-axis direction. The optical lens (1010) may include a first optical lens (1010a) and a second optical lens (1010b) positioned to correspond to the user's left and right eyes. The first surface (S1) of the first optical lens (1010a) and the second optical lens (1010b) may be formed flat. The second surface (S2) of the first optical lens (1010a) and the second optical lens (1010b) may be formed to transmit a portion of the optical signal and reflect the remainder.

[0230] A circular polarizing plate (151b) may be disposed on the surface of the display (151). The circular polarizing plate (151b) may be configured to convert a light signal of a first polarization component into a first circular polarization component.

[0231] A PBP lens (1100, 1100b) may be placed on a flat first surface (S1) of an optical lens (1010) or on a circular polarizing plate (151b). The PBP lens (1100, 1100b) may be configured such that the phase value of the optical signal is formed differently depending on the position of the Y-axis where the optical signal is incident. The PBP lens (1100, 1100b) may have a liquid crystal layer (1130) formed such that optical signals having a first circular polarization component converge into the user's eye box area (EBR).

[0232] Meanwhile, a first phase delay plate (1020, 1020b) may be disposed on the first surface (S1) of the optical lens (1010). The first phase delay plate (1020, 1020b) may be configured to convert a first polarization component into a first circular polarization component or to convert a first circular polarization component into a second polarization component. The second surface (S2) of the optical lens (1010) may be formed as a half-mirror structure so that a portion of the light is transmitted and the remainder is reflected. The second surface (S2) of the optical lens (1010) may be formed convexly so that a portion of the light is transmitted and the remainder is reflected.

[0233] The display (151) may be spaced apart from the second surface (S2) of the optical lens (1010) and configured to emit light. Light of the first circular polarization component emitted from the display (151) may be configured to pass through the first surface (S1) and the second surface (S2) of the optical lens (1010). Light of the second circular polarization component emitted from the display (151) may be configured to be reflected from the second surface (S2) of the optical lens.

[0234] The display (151) may be configured to emit a first polarization component of linear polarization. Since the polarization of light incident on the optical lens (1010) must be circularly polarized, a polarization element for controlling the polarization of light is additionally required on the surface of the display (151). In this regard, a circular polarization plate (151b) may be disposed on the surface of the display (151). The circular polarization plate (151b) may be configured to convert the first polarization component into a first circularly polarized component.

[0235] A polarizing plate (1030, 1030b) may be disposed on a first phase delay plate (1020, 1020b). The polarizing plate (1030, 1030b) may be configured to transmit a first polarization component and reflect a second polarization component. The first polarization component and the second polarization component may be orthogonal linear polarization components. For example, the first polarization component and the second polarization component may be a horizontal polarization component and a vertical polarization component, respectively.

[0236] A second phase delay plate (1040) may be disposed on the second surface of the polarizing plate (1030, 1030b). The second phase delay plate (1040, 1040b) may be configured to convert the first polarization component into the first original polarization component.

[0237] The first phase delay plate (1020, 1020b) may be configured to be a first QWP that converts a first circularly polarized component transmitted through the optical lens (1010) into a second polarized component. The second phase delay plate (1020) may be configured to be a second QWP that converts a first polarized component into a first circularly polarized component.

[0238] The first phase delay plate (1020, 1020b) can convert the second polarization component reflected from the polarizing plate (1030, 1030b) into the second circular polarization component. The first phase delay plate (1020, 1020b) can convert the second circular polarization component reflected from the optical lens (1010) into the first polarization component. The first circular polarization component and the second circular polarization component may be orthogonal circular polarization components. For example, the first circular polarization component and the second circular polarization component may be a left-circular polarization component and a right-circular polarization component, respectively.

[0239] Meanwhile, the head-mounted display device (100) according to the present disclosure is not limited to the structures of FIGS. 4a to 7 and FIGS. 11 to 13. The head-mounted display device (1000) according to the present disclosure may be implemented as any one of the structures of FIGS. 8 to 10.

[0240] In this regard, the head-mounted display device (100) may be configured to further include a convex lens (1050).

[0241] In this regard, the head-mounted display device (100) may be configured to further include a convex lens (1050). The convex lens (1050) may be placed on the first surface of the optical lens (1010) on which the PBP lens (1100) is placed. The convex lens (1050) may be configured so that light signals transmitted through the optical lens (1010) converge into the user's eyebox area.

[0242] The first surface (S1) of the convex lens (1050) disposed on the first surface (S1) of the optical lens (1010) may be formed flat. The second surface (S2) of the convex lens (1050) may be formed as a third convex surface with a third curvature. The second surface (S2) of the optical lens (1010) may be formed as a first convex surface with a first curvature.

[0243] The first curvature of the second surface (S2) of the optical lens (1010) may be formed to be larger than the third curvature of the second surface (S2) of the convex lens (1050). The first radius of the first circle forming the first surface (S1) of the optical lens (1010) may be formed to be smaller than the second radius of the second circle corresponding to the second circumference forming the second surface (S2) of the convex lens (1050).

[0244] A first phase delay plate (1020), a polarizing plate (1030), a second phase delay plate (1040), and a PBP lens (1100) may be laminated on a first surface (S1) of an optical lens (1010). A first surface (S1) of a convex lens (1050) may be placed on a liquid crystal layer (1130) of a PBP lens (1100).

[0245] In the liquid crystal layer (1130) of the PBP lens (1100), light signals of the first circular polarization component at the first surface (S1) of the convex lens (1050) can be refracted to have a first angle of refraction. Additionally, the second surface (S2) of the convex lens (1050) can be formed with a third curvature so that light signals of the first circular polarization component are refracted to have a second angle of refraction and converge into the eye box region.

[0246] Accordingly, the thickness of the optical display device can be further reduced by the second surface (S2) of the PBP lens (1100) formed to have a first refraction angle and the convex lens (1050) formed to have a second refraction angle.

[0247] The technical effects of the optical display device according to the present disclosure may be summarized as follows, but are not limited thereto.

[0248] According to at least one of the embodiments, by placing various types of optical films on a flat plane of an optical lens, it is possible to lighten, thin, and miniaturize an optical display device.

[0249] According to at least one of the embodiments, various types of optical films are placed on a flat plane of an optical lens, and polarization according to reflection / transmission is controlled, thereby reducing the size, number, and weight of the refractive lens.

[0250] According to at least one of the embodiments, various types of optical films are placed on a flat plane of an optical lens, and polarization according to reflection / transmission is controlled, thereby reducing the physical thickness of the lens or optical system while maintaining the overall optical path length.

[0251] The foregoing invention may be implemented as computer-readable code on a medium on which a program is recorded. A computer-readable medium includes all types of recording devices in which data that can be read by a computer system is stored. Examples of computer-readable media include a Hard Disk Drive (HDD), a Solid State Disk (SSD), a Silicon Disk Drive (SSD), ROM, RAM, a CD-ROM, a magnetic tape, a floppy disk, an optical data storage device, etc. Additionally, a computer may include a processor or a control unit. Accordingly, the above detailed description should not be interpreted restrictively in all respects and should be considered exemplary. The scope of the present disclosure should be determined by a reasonable interpretation of the appended claims, and all modifications within the equivalent scope of the present disclosure are included within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

In an optical display device, A display configured to emit an optical signal of a first polarization component corresponding to linear polarization; A circular polarizing plate disposed on the surface of the above-mentioned display and configured to convert the optical signal of the first polarization component into a first circular polarization component; An optical lens spaced apart from the display in the Z-axis direction - the first surface of the optical lens is formed flat, and the second surface is formed to transmit a portion of the optical signal and reflect the remainder; and It includes a PBP lens disposed on the flat first surface of the optical lens or the circular polarizing plate, wherein the phase value of the optical signal is formed differently depending on the position of the Y-axis where the optical signal is incident. The above PBP lens is an optical display device having a liquid crystal layer formed such that light signals having the first circular polarization component converge into the user's eye box area. In Article 1, A first phase delay plate disposed on the first surface of the optical lens and converting the first circular polarization component into a second polarization component; A polarized plate disposed on the first phase delay plate and configured to reflect the second polarization component and transmit the first polarization component; and An optical display device further comprising a second phase delay plate disposed on a second surface of the polarizing plate and converting the first polarization component into the first circular polarization component. In Article 2, The light of the first circular polarization component that has passed through the circular polarization plate passes through the first surface and the second surface of the optical lens, and An optical display device in which light of a second circular polarization component, reflected from the polarizing plate and converted by the first phase delay plate, is reflected from the second surface of the optical lens. In Paragraph 3, The above light signals are emitted at a predetermined angle for each region on the Y-axis of the display, and An optical display device in which light signals of the first circular polarization component converge into the eye box region by multiple reflections of the light signals between the second surface and the first surface of the optical lens. In Paragraph 4, The second length on the Y-axis of the above PBP lens is formed to be shorter than the first length on the Y-axis of the above optical lens, and An optical display device in which the above-mentioned PBP lens is placed in the central region of the optical lens and is not placed in the boundary region of the optical lens. In Article 5, The light signals reflected from the polarizing plate in the boundary region of the optical lens are reflected from the second surface of the optical lens and proceed to the center region of the first surface of the optical lens, and A display device in which light signals of the first circular polarization component transmitted through the central region of the optical lens are refracted at the surface of the PBP lens and converge into the eye box region. In Article 5, The above PBP lens is configured such that the phase of the transmitted optical signal changes as it moves from the center to the boundary of the Y-axis, and A display device in which the above PBP lens determines a second length on the Y-axis such that a phase value of 720 degrees or more at the boundary is changed based on the phase of 0 degrees at the center. In Article 2, The above display is configured to emit an optical signal with an unpolarized component, and It further includes a second polarizing plate disposed on the surface of the display and configured to convert the unpolarized component into the first polarized component, A display device wherein the circular polarizing plate is disposed on the surface of the second polarizing plate and configured to convert the first polarization component into the first circular polarization component. In Paragraph 3, The first phase delay plate is composed of a first QWP that converts the first circularly polarized component transmitted through the optical lens into the second polarized component, and The second phase delay plate is composed of a second QWP that converts the first polarization component into the first circular polarization component, and A display device wherein the first phase delay plate converts the second polarization component reflected from the polarizing plate into the second circular polarization component and converts the second circular polarization component reflected from the optical lens into the first polarization component. In Article 2, The above PBP lens is, A substrate layer formed to have a first dielectric constant and a first thickness; An orientation film formed to be laminated onto the above-mentioned substrate layer and formed to have a second dielectric constant and a second thickness; and It includes a liquid crystal layer formed to be laminated on the above alignment layer and formed to have a third dielectric constant and a third thickness, An optical display device in which the third thickness of the liquid crystal layer is formed to be thicker than the second thickness of the alignment layer. In Article 10, The above-mentioned substrate layer is disposed on the second surface of the second phase delay plate, and The first light and the second light of the first circular polarization component that passed through the first point and the second point of the liquid crystal layer were refracted at the first refraction angle and the second refraction angle, respectively, and were incident on the third point and the fourth point of the user's eye box, and An optical display device in which the first length between the first point and the second point is formed to be longer than the second length between the third point and the fourth point. In Article 2, The above optical lens is composed of a doublet lens, and The above doublet lens is, A first sub-lens having a first surface formed flat and a second surface formed as a first convex surface of a first curvature; and It includes a second sub-lens in which the first surface is formed as a concave surface of the first curvature and the second surface is formed as a second convex surface of the second curvature, An optical display device in which the first curvature is formed to be larger than the second curvature. In Article 12, The first phase delay plate, the polarizing plate, the second phase delay plate, and the PBP lens are laminated on the first surface of the first sub-lens, and The second surface of the second sub-lens is configured as a half-mirror structure formed with a second convex surface of the second curvature so as to transmit a portion of the light signals emitted from the display and the circular polarizer and reflect the remainder, and An optical display device comprising a first convex surface of the first sub-lens formed as a half-mirror structure such that the second surface of the first sub-lens transmits some of the light signals and reflects the rest. In Article 2, It further includes a convex lens disposed on the first surface of the optical lens on which the PBP lens is disposed, configured so that light signals transmitted through the optical lens converge into the eyebox region. The first surface of the convex lens disposed on the first surface of the optical lens is formed flat, and The second surface of the optical lens is formed as a first convex surface of a first curvature, and The second surface of the above convex lens is formed as a third convex surface of a third curvature, and An optical display device in which the first curvature is formed to be larger than the third curvature. In Paragraph 14, The first phase delay plate, the polarizing plate, the second phase delay plate, and the PBP lens are laminated on the first surface of the optical lens, and The first surface of the convex lens is disposed on the liquid crystal layer of the PBP lens, and The light signals of the first circular polarization component are refracted at the first surface of the convex lens by the liquid crystal layer of the PBP lens to have a first refraction angle, and An optical display device in which the second surface of the convex lens is formed with the third curvature so that the light signals of the first circular polarization component are refracted to have a second refraction angle and converge into the eye box region. In Article 2, The above display and the above circular polarizing plate are arranged to face the first surface of the optical lens, and Light signals emitted from the above display are reflected from the first surface of the optical lens and the surface of the display, and An optical display device in which light signals reflected from the surface of the above display pass through the first surface and the second surface of the above optical lens. In Article 16, The first phase delay plate, the polarizing plate, the second phase delay plate, and the PBP lens are laminated on the circular polarizing plate, and An optical display device in which the surface of the circular polarizing plate laminated on the display is formed into a half-mirror structure that transmits some of the light and reflects the rest. In a head-mounted display device, Frame; A display provided in the above frame and configured to emit an optical signal of a first polarization component corresponding to linear polarization; An optical lens spaced apart from the above display in the Z-axis direction - the optical lens includes a first optical lens and a second optical lens positioned to correspond to the user's left and right eyes, wherein the first surface of the first optical lens and the second optical lens is formed flat, and the second surface is formed to transmit a portion of the optical signal and reflect the remainder; A circular polarizing plate disposed on the surface of the above-mentioned display and configured to convert the optical signal of the first polarization component into a first circular polarization component; and It includes a PBP lens disposed on the flat first surface of the optical lens or the circular polarizing plate, wherein the phase value of the optical signal is formed differently depending on the position of the Y-axis where the optical signal is incident. The head-mounted display device, wherein the above-described PBP lens comprises a liquid crystal layer formed such that light signals having the first circular polarization component converge into the user's eye box area. In Article 18, A first phase delay plate disposed on the first surface of the optical lens and converting the first circular polarization component into a second polarization component; A polarized plate disposed on the first phase delay plate and configured to reflect the second polarization component and transmit the first polarization component; and A head-mounted display device further comprising a second phase delay plate disposed on a second surface of the polarizing plate and converting the first polarization component into the first circular polarization component. In Article 18, It further includes a convex lens disposed on the first surface of the optical lens on which the PBP lens is disposed, configured so that light signals transmitted through the optical lens converge into the eyebox region. The first surface of the convex lens disposed on the first surface of the optical lens is formed flat, and The second surface of the optical lens is formed as a first convex surface of a first curvature, and The second surface of the above convex lens is formed as a third convex surface of a third curvature, and A head-mounted display device in which the first curvature is formed to be larger than the third curvature.

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