Carbon capture and carbon utilization system for waste incinerator

Abstract

A carbon capture and carbon utilization system for a waste incinerator, according to one embodiment of the present invention, comprises: carbon capture equipment, which has a sealed chamber of a predetermined volume, connects the inside of the chamber and a flue gas channel of a waste incinerator, supplies flue gas and a basic (alkaline) mixed solution of specific components into the chamber, and then reacts the basic (alkaline) mixed solution with carbon dioxide in the flue gas so as to generate carbon dioxide products containing sodium carbonate or sodium hydrogen carbonate, thereby capturing carbon dioxide; and carbon utilization equipment, which has a sealed chamber of a predetermined volume, transfers carbon dioxide products generated in the carbon capture equipment into the chamber so as to react same with additives of specific components, thereby generating carbonate minerals.

Description

Carbon capture and carbon resource recovery system for waste incineration plants

[0001] The present invention relates to a carbon dioxide capture and carbon resource conversion system for a waste incineration plant, and more specifically, to a carbon dioxide capture and carbon resource conversion system for a waste incineration plant installed in the waste incineration plant to capture carbon dioxide from flue gas generated during waste incineration and convert it into a useful carbon resource.

[0002] Recently, Carbon Capture, Utility and Storage (CCUS) technology is being actively researched as one of the alternatives to prevent global warming and to reduce the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2), which accounts for most of the greenhouse gases causing global warming.

[0003] As the development of these Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) technologies gains momentum, carbon capture technology is currently reaching the commercialization stage. In particular, interest has recently been focused on eco-friendly waste incineration technologies to address carbon emission issues from waste incineration facilities worldwide.

[0004] Generally, waste incinerators crush combustible waste, such as waste wood and hay, into appropriate sizes and feed it into a combustion chamber as fuel; the thermal energy generated during the incineration of this combustible waste is used for heating or power generation.

[0005] However, combustible waste incinerated at waste incineration plants is not only diverse in type but also undergoes incomplete combustion depending on its moisture content; as the flue gas resulting from this incomplete combustion releases not only large amounts of carbon dioxide but also greenhouse gases such as methane and carbon monoxide directly into the atmosphere, there were problems that caused air pollution and a climate crisis.

[0006] With the recent strengthening of the Air Environment Conservation Act, the aforementioned conventional waste incineration plants had limitations in satisfying the permissible emission standards for carbon dioxide in flue gas released into the atmosphere. To meet these standards, there was a problem requiring the complete reconstruction of a waste incineration system equipped with flue gas treatment facilities capable of capturing carbon dioxide.

[0007] As such, meeting the stricter emission standards for carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere from conventional waste incineration plants required not only massive costs due to the complete replacement of flue gas treatment facilities, but also presented problems such as large and complex waste incineration systems and difficulties in maintenance.

[0008] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method that can be easily integrated into conventional waste incineration plants to efficiently capture and reduce carbon dioxide in flue gas, and simultaneously produce useful carbon resources using the captured carbon dioxide.

[0009] The present invention was devised to solve the aforementioned problems, and its purpose is to provide an eco-friendly system for capturing carbon dioxide from exhaust gas emitted from a waste incineration plant by applying CCUS technology.

[0010] In addition, another objective of the present invention is to provide a carbon dioxide capture and carbon resource utilization system capable of removing carbon dioxide and simultaneously utilizing it as a resource for other useful materials by using a basic alkaline mixture to capture carbon dioxide from flue gas and converting the captured carbon dioxide into a useful carbon resource.

[0011] The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are not limited to those mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs from the description below.

[0012] According to one embodiment, the present invention for achieving the above objectives comprises: a carbon dioxide capture facility having a sealed chamber of a certain volume, connecting the interior of the chamber to the flue gas flow path of a waste incineration plant, supplying a basic alkali mixture of specific components and flue gas into the chamber, and then reacting the basic alkali mixture with carbon dioxide in the flue gas according to the following reaction formula 1 to produce a carbon dioxide reactant containing sodium carbonate or sodium bicarbonate; and a carbon resource utilization facility having a sealed chamber of a certain volume, receiving the carbon dioxide reactant produced in the carbon dioxide capture facility into the chamber and reacting it with an additive of specific components to produce carbonate minerals.

[0013] <Reaction Equation 1>

[0014] 2NaOH + CO2 → Na2CO3 + H2O

[0015] Na2CO3 + H2O + CO2 → 2NaHCO3

[0016] In addition, according to one embodiment, the additive comprises calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) and is characterized by producing a carbonate mineral containing calcium carbonate by the following reaction formula 2.

[0017] <Reaction Equation 2>

[0018] Na2CO3+ Ca(OH)2→ 2NaOH + CaCO3

[0019] In addition, according to one embodiment, a pretreatment facility is further included between the flue gas flow path of the waste incineration plant and the carbon dioxide capture facility, and the pretreatment facility is characterized by treating or removing specific components contained in the flue gas.

[0020] In addition, according to one embodiment, the carbon dioxide capture facility is equipped with a post-treatment facility, and the post-treatment facility is characterized by removing the basic alkali mixed liquid mist remaining in the flue gas from which carbon dioxide has been removed and then discharging it into the atmosphere.

[0021] In addition, according to one embodiment, a solid-liquid separator is further provided on the downstream side of the carbon resource recovery facility, and the solid-liquid separator is characterized by recovering a basic alkali mixture from carbonate minerals generated in the carbon resource recovery facility and then resupplying it to a carbon dioxide capture facility.

[0022] In addition, according to one embodiment, the solid-liquid separator is further equipped with a dryer and a grinder, and the carbonate mineral from which the basic alkali mixture has been removed in the solid-liquid separator is dried and ground to form a powder.

[0023] In addition, according to one embodiment, a carbon dioxide concentration sensor is further included between the flue gas flow path of the waste incineration plant and the carbon dioxide capture facility, and a basic alkali mixture is supplied into the carbon dioxide capture facility in proportion to the carbon dioxide concentration in the flue gas measured by the carbon dioxide concentration sensor.

[0024] In addition, according to one embodiment, the carbon dioxide capture facility comprises: a mixer that supplies a basic alkali mixture; an absorption tower that captures carbon dioxide in the flue gas by reacting the basic alkali mixture supplied from the mixer with flue gas in which fine droplets are formed by passing through a bubbler installed at the bottom; a separator that collects a reactant containing carbon dioxide captured in the absorption tower and separates the carbon dioxide reactant and waste solution from the reactant; a carbon resource storage tank that stores the separated carbon dioxide reactant for resource recovery; and a discharge unit that discharges the remaining flue gas from which the carbon dioxide captured in the absorption tower has been removed.

[0025] In addition, according to one embodiment, the basic alkali mixture comprises: one or more oxides selected from the group consisting of SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, TiO2, MgO, MnO, CaO, Na2O, K2O, and P2O3; one or more metals selected from the group consisting of Li, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Sr, Cd, and Pb; a crystallized synthetic zeolite prepared from an alumina-based raw material, a silica-based raw material, and sodium hydroxide; and one or more liquid compositions selected from the group consisting of sodium tetraborate (Na2B4O7.10H2O), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), sodium silicate (Na2SiO3), potassium hydroxide (KOH), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).

[0026] Embodiments of the disclosed technology may have effects including the following advantages. However, since this does not mean that the embodiments of the disclosed technology must include all of these, the scope of the rights of the disclosed technology should not be understood as being limited by them.

[0027] According to an embodiment of the present invention, carbon dioxide emitted into the atmosphere can be significantly reduced by capturing carbon dioxide from the flue gas emitted during the waste incineration process, and there is an effect of being able to produce sodium carbonate or sodium bicarbonate, which are useful carbon resources, using the captured carbon dioxide.

[0028] In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, by easily connecting to the flue gas outlet without the need to completely replace the flue gas treatment facility of an existing waste incineration plant, the installation space and cost are minimized, and the labor required for maintenance can also be reduced.

[0029] FIG. 1 is a drawing showing a carbon dioxide capture and carbon resource utilization system for a waste incineration plant according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] FIG. 2 is a drawing showing a carbon dioxide capture facility according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the internal configuration of an absorption tower for improving the carbon dioxide capture performance of a carbon dioxide capture facility according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the internal configuration of an absorption tower for improving the carbon dioxide capture performance of a carbon dioxide capture facility according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] The present invention is capable of various modifications and may have various embodiments, and specific embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and described in detail in the detailed description.

[0034] However, this is not intended to limit the invention to specific embodiments, and it should be understood that it includes all modifications, equivalents, and substitutions that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.

[0035] In the present invention, terms such as "comprising" or "having" are intended to specify the existence of the features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof described in the specification, and should be understood as not excluding in advance the existence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

[0036] The present invention relates to a carbon capture and carbon resource utilization system for reducing carbon dioxide in flue gas generated during waste incineration by applying CCUS technology.

[0037] Hereinafter, a carbon dioxide capture and carbon resource utilization system for a waste incineration plant according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

[0038] Figure 1 is a diagram showing the carbon dioxide capture and carbon resource utilization system for a waste incineration plant according to the present invention.

[0039] Referring to FIG. 1, the carbon dioxide capture and carbon resource recovery system according to the present invention is largely composed of a waste incineration plant (100), a carbon dioxide capture facility (600), and a carbon resource recovery facility (900).

[0040] First, the carbon dioxide capture facility (600) is equipped with a sealed chamber of a certain volume (not labeled), and the interior of the chamber is connected to the exhaust gas flow path (not shown) of a waste incinerator (100). After supplying a basic alkali mixture of specific components and exhaust gas into the chamber, the carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas is reacted with the basic alkali mixture according to the following reaction equation 1 to produce a carbon dioxide reactant (primary carbonate mineral) containing sodium carbonate or sodium bicarbonate, thereby capturing carbon dioxide. At this time, the basic alkali mixture supplied into the chamber is supplied from a separate basic alkali solution storage tank (200, see FIG. 1 and FIG. 2).

[0041] <Reaction Equation 1>

[0042] 2NaOH + CO2 → Na2CO3 + H2O

[0043] Na2CO3 + H2O + CO2 → 2NaHCO3

[0044] Additionally, the carbon resource recovery facility (900) is equipped with a sealed chamber of a certain volume (not labeled) and receives carbon dioxide reactants generated in the carbon dioxide capture facility (600) into the chamber and reacts them with an additive of a specific component to produce carbonate minerals, which are useful resources. At this time, the additive is supplied to a reactant silo (800, see FIG. 1) and then supplied into the carbon resource recovery facility (900) under the control of a control unit (661).

[0045] For example, the carbon resource recovery facility (900) may be composed of a plurality of chambers, and after the plurality of chambers are installed with a step difference according to the installation height, the carbon dioxide reactant that overflows and moves from the plurality of chambers may flow along the step difference while maintaining the same water level in the plurality of chambers, thereby securing a uniform reaction time required for the reaction.

[0046] According to one embodiment, the additive may include calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) and produce a carbonate mineral (secondary carbonate mineral) containing calcium carbonate (CaCO3) by the following reaction formula 2. At this time, the additive may be supplied into the carbon resource recovery facility (900) in a liquid or solid (powder) state.

[0047] <Reaction Equation 2>

[0048] Na2CO3+ Ca(OH)2→ 2NaOH + CaCO3

[0049] Additionally, a pretreatment facility (500) for treating or removing specific components contained in the exhaust gas is provided between the exhaust gas flow path (not shown) of the waste incineration plant (100) and the carbon dioxide capture facility (600). According to one embodiment, the pretreatment facility (500) may be a gas scrubber (or pre-scrubber).

[0050] In addition, the carbon dioxide capture facility (600) is equipped with a post-treatment facility (700) for removing the mist of the basic alkali mixture remaining in the exhaust gas from which carbon dioxide has been removed and discharging it into the atmosphere.

[0051] According to one embodiment, the post-treatment facility (700) may be a post scrubber, and the mist of the basic alkali mixture remaining in the post-treatment facility (700) can be washed and removed by spraying water onto the mist of the basic alkali mixture.

[0052] In addition, a solid-liquid separator (1000) is provided on the downstream side of the carbon resource recovery facility (900). The solid-liquid separator (1000) recovers a basic alkali mixture from carbonate minerals generated in the carbon resource recovery facility (900) and then recirculates it to the carbon dioxide capture facility (600).

[0053] Specifically, referring to FIG. 1, the recycled basic alkali mixture, which is separated from the solid-liquid separator (1000) and whose pH is raised by the introduction of calcium hydroxide to become capable of capturing carbon dioxide again, is sent to a mixing tank (300), and then mixed with the basic alkali mixture supplied from the basic alkali solution storage tank (200) in the mixing tank (300). Afterward, the mixed basic alkali mixture is supplied back to the carbon dioxide capture facility (600).

[0054] In addition, the solid-liquid separator (1000) is equipped with a dryer (1100) and a grinder (1200). The dryer (1100) and the grinder (1200) dry and grind carbonate minerals from which the basic alkali mixture has been removed in the solid-liquid separator (1000) to pulverize them.

[0055] According to one embodiment, the dryer (1100) is a device for removing excess moisture from carbonate minerals separated in a solid-liquid separator (1000), and is a facility used to satisfy the moisture content of the final product (carbon resource powder) described later. For example, the dryer (1100) can be implemented by supplying hot steam to a coil-shaped tube to indirectly heat, and drying is performed continuously while the product (carbon resource powder) passes between the coils.

[0056] In addition, according to another embodiment, the dryer (1100) can be implemented using an electric heater so that drying can be performed even in an environment where steam is not supplied.

[0057] In addition, the grinder (1200) is a device that grinds the solid matter (carbonate mineral) that has been dried in the dryer into a powder form.

[0058] Accordingly, the carbon resource powder finally produced by the present invention as described above can be stored in a carbon resource storage facility (641, see FIG. 2) or shipped and utilized as a useful resource.

[0059] Additionally, a carbon dioxide concentration sensor (not shown) is provided between the exhaust gas flow path (not shown) of the waste incineration plant (100) and the carbon dioxide capture facility (600). Accordingly, the control unit (661) of the present invention controls the supply amount of a basic alkali mixture supplied into the carbon dioxide capture facility (600) in proportion to the carbon dioxide concentration in the exhaust gas measured by the carbon dioxide concentration sensor and the gas processing amount.

[0060] FIG. 2 is a drawing showing a carbon dioxide capture facility according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] Referring to FIG. 2, the carbon dioxide capture facility (600) is a facility that captures carbon dioxide contained in the flue gas generated during the process of burning combustible waste in a waste incineration plant (100) using a basic alkaline solution.

[0062] According to one embodiment, the carbon dioxide capture facility (600) includes, as its main components, an absorption tower (610), a carbon dioxide capture unit (611), a mixer (630), a separator (640), a carbon resource storage unit (641), and an exhaust unit (650).

[0063] The above absorption tower (610) may refer to a facility, building, equipment, etc. that captures and removes carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas discharged from the waste incineration plant (100).

[0064] Additionally, the carbon dioxide capture unit (611) located at the bottom of the absorption tower (410) may be a part of the absorption tower (610) and may refer to a part that captures carbon dioxide by bubbling exhaust gas.

[0065] The absorption tower (610) includes a carbon dioxide capture unit (611) at the bottom for capturing carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas discharged from the waste incinerator (100), and captures the carbon dioxide contained in the exhaust gas by reacting the exhaust gas (microbubbles) with a basic alkali mixture. That is, after capturing the carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas, the exhaust gas from which carbon dioxide has been removed may remain in a gaseous state inside the absorption tower (610).

[0066] The absorption tower (610) has a nozzle (615, see FIG. 3 or FIG. 4) installed at the top, and a basic alkali mixture is sprayed into the absorption tower (610) from the mixer (630) through the nozzle (615) and collected in the carbon dioxide collection unit (611) at the bottom.

[0067] As the above basic alkali mixture is sprayed, the exhaust gas discharged from the waste incinerator (100) passes through the bubbler (613) in the carbon dioxide capture section (611) at the bottom of the absorption tower (610) to generate microbubbles, and the basic alkali mixture and the exhaust gas microbubbles react within the carbon dioxide capture section (611) to capture carbon dioxide. That is, when the exhaust gas reacts with the basic alkali mixture, bubbles are formed as the exhaust gas passes through the bubbler (613) with fine holes.

[0068] The above bubbler (613) can form microbubbles in the flue gas by passing the flue gas through it, and the smaller the size of the bubbles, the larger the reaction surface area between the flue gas and the alkaline solution, and thus the ability to capture carbon dioxide may increase. For example, the microbubbles may refer to bubbles existing in an aqueous solution having a size of about 50 μm or less.

[0069] Meanwhile, the internal configuration of the absorption tower can be provided to further improve the carbon dioxide capture performance of the above-mentioned carbon dioxide capture facility. This will be explained in detail in FIGS. 3 and FIGS. 4, which will be described later.

[0070] Additionally, the absorption tower (610) may include a level indicator (612) inside to detect the level of the solution inside the absorption tower (610).

[0071] The nozzle (615, see FIG. 3 or FIG. 4) may include a plurality of nozzles and may be formed in one or more stages. The nozzle (615) may be connected to a mixer (630) to supply a basic alkaline mixture from the mixer (630).

[0072] The above absorption tower (610) can be configured in a series, parallel, or a combined series and parallel arrangement.

[0073] For example, the absorption towers (610) may be arranged in series when the flow rate of the exhaust gas is high. When unreacted carbon dioxide is discharged from the absorption tower due to the high flow rate, the absorption towers can be installed in series to capture the unreacted carbon dioxide.

[0074] Additionally, for example, the absorption towers (610) may be arranged in parallel when the flow rate of the exhaust gas is high. When the flow rate of the exhaust gas exceeds the amount that the absorption towers can capture, the absorption towers can be arranged in parallel to increase the amount of carbon dioxide that can be captured.

[0075] The exhaust gas discharged from the above waste incineration plant (100) may contain all gases including carbon dioxide.

[0076] The above mixer (630) mixes the basic alkaline solution supplied from the basic alkaline solution storage tank (631) with the water supplied from the water source (632) and supplies it to the nozzle (615, see FIG. 3) of the absorption tower (610).

[0077] The basic alkali mixture, which is a mixture of the above basic alkali solution and water, can be supplied using a separately connected bypass line (636) if the supply amount or required amount increases.

[0078] The above basic alkali solution and water may be mixed in a ratio of 1:1 to 1:5. For example, the above basic alkali solution and water may be mixed in a ratio of 1:1 to 1:4, 1:1 to 1:3, 1:1 to 1:2, 1:2 to 1:5, 1:2 to 1:3, or 1:3 to 1:5.

[0079] The above basic alkaline solution and water mixture ratio can be adjusted by adding or subtracting the amount of water according to the temperature and moisture content of the exhaust gas to keep the water level inside the carbon dioxide capture unit (611) constant.

[0080] The above basic alkali mixture comprises: one or more oxides selected from the group consisting of SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, TiO2, MgO, MnO, CaO, Na2O, K2O, and P2O3; one or more metals selected from the group consisting of Li, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Sr, Cd, and Pb; a crystallized synthetic zeolite prepared from an alumina-based raw material, a silica-based raw material, and sodium hydroxide; a crystallized synthetic zeolite prepared from an alumina-based raw material, a silica-based raw material, and sodium hydroxide; and sodium tetraborate (Na2B4O 7.It is characterized by comprising one or more liquid compositions selected from the group consisting of 10H2O), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), sodium silicate (Na2SiO3), potassium hydroxide (KOH), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).

[0081] The above water source (632) may include any water that can be easily obtained at the system installation location, for example, seawater.

[0082] The average pH of the basic alkali mixture may be pH 12 or higher. For example, the pH may be pH 12 to pH 13.5, pH 13, pH 12, pH 12.1, pH 12.2, or pH 12.3. The pH of the basic alkali mixture may be measured by a pH meter in the absorption tower (610), and since carbon dioxide cannot be captured if the pH of the basic alkali mixture in the absorption tower (610) is less than 8.0, the amount of the basic alkali solution and water may be adjusted from 0 to 100% at each valve (633, 634) and supplied to the mixer (630) to adjust the pH of the basic alkali mixture.

[0083] When the level of the basic alkali mixture in the absorption tower (610) drops to less than 90% (measured by a level indicator), the basic alkali mixture is introduced by controlling the valve (635) in the mixer (630), and the introduction may be stopped when the level of the basic alkali mixture reaches 100%. At the same time, the basic alkali solution and water may be mixed until the pH of the basic alkali mixture becomes 12 to 13.5.

[0084] Since the amount of basic alkali mixture supplied to the absorption tower (610) and the amount of solution exiting the separator (640) are equal, the carbon dioxide capture facility (600) can be continuously maintained. Therefore, the valve (635) (including a by-pass valve if necessary) may be adjusted so that the net flow is zero, so that an amount of basic alkali mixture equal to the value of the flow meter installed in the line from the absorption tower (610) to the separator (640) is supplied to the absorption tower (610).

[0085] In the carbon dioxide capture section (611) of the absorption tower (610), the basic alkali mixture and the exhaust gas discharged from the waste incinerator (100) react to produce a carbon dioxide reactant, and the carbon dioxide reactant and waste solution from the reactant move to a separator (640) through a valve (625) to separate the carbon dioxide reactant and waste solution from the reactant.

[0086] The above separator (640) may include a centrifuge for separating a carbon dioxide reactant containing sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) from a waste solution, and a vibrating membrane formed to correspond to the inner circumference of a discharge pipe for discharging only sodium bicarbonate from the carbon dioxide reactant separated from the centrifuge, with fine holes formed on its surface that allow the permeation of the sodium bicarbonate. Through this, high-purity sodium bicarbonate can be obtained and sold immediately, thereby generating profit.

[0087] The size of the micropores formed in the above vibration separation membrane may be 10 to 20 μm, and may further include a vibration generating unit to induce vibration of the vibration separation membrane. The vibration generating unit may be positioned to prevent the micropores from being clogged by sodium bicarbonate.

[0088] The separated carbon dioxide reactant can be moved to a carbon resource storage (641) and recycled for other uses. For example, the carbon dioxide reactant may include sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3).

[0089] That is, the above carbon dioxide reactant (primary carbonate mineral) can be produced by reacting carbon dioxide with a basic alkali mixture as shown in <Reaction Scheme 1> below.

[0090] <Reaction Equation 1>

[0091] 2NaOH + CO2 → Na2CO3 + H2O

[0092] Na2CO3 + H2O + CO2 → 2NaHCO3

[0093] The waste solution, excluding the carbon dioxide reactant from the above reactants, is supplied back to the mixer (630) for recycling. For example, the waste solution may contain illite minerals and water, etc., that were contained in the basic alkali mixture that has finished its catalytic role.

[0094] The above carbon resource storage (641) is a carbon dioxide reactant storage that takes into account the environment of the ground, underground, and sea, respectively. It can store carbon resources, which are carbon capture reactants, in a larger space than conventional carbon dioxide storage devices, stably and efficiently, while reducing manufacturing costs, and can also be implemented so that the stored carbon resources can be utilized later when needed.

[0095] For example, a carbon resource storage facility considered for a ground environment may include a storage tank having a double-walled structure formed by an inner wall and an outer wall that accommodates the carbon dioxide reactant, an inlet unit that loads the carbon dioxide reactant into the storage tank, an outlet unit connected to the storage tank that unloads the carbon dioxide reactant within the storage tank, and a control unit that maintains a constant vacuum state of the carbon dioxide reactant accommodated inside the storage tank or controls the inlet unit and the outlet unit during loading / unloading of the carbon dioxide reactant.

[0096] Meanwhile, a carbon resource storage facility designed for an underground environment can utilize an underground storage site instead of the storage tanks of a carbon resource storage facility designed for an above-ground environment, and in order to store the generated carbon dioxide capture reaction product at sea, it can be transferred to offshore structures such as LNG FPSOs, LNG FSRUs, LNG carriers, and LNG RVs using a transport device to store the carbon dioxide capture reaction product.

[0097] After carbon dioxide is captured in the carbon dioxide capture unit (611), the remaining exhaust gas from which carbon dioxide has been removed is discharged through the discharge unit (650). For example, the remaining exhaust gas discharged through the discharge unit (650) may contain exhaust gas from which carbon dioxide has been removed and a small amount of uncaptured CO2.

[0098] At this time, since the concentration of carbon dioxide in the residual exhaust gas cannot exceed the regulatory standard when discharged, the residual exhaust gas can be discharged without exceeding the standard based on the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere to be discharged (a standard set by the manager after measuring the carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere in advance).

[0099] The carbon dioxide capture facility (600) may further include a monitoring unit (460) for monitoring the water level and pH of the basic alkali mixture in the absorption tower (410); and a control unit (461) for controlling the supply amount of the basic alkali mixture by the monitoring unit (460).

[0100] The values ​​of the gas meter, pH meter, and flow meter measured during all processes of the carbon dioxide capture facility (250) are managed by the monitoring unit (660), and the control unit (661) is controlled based on the values ​​displayed by the monitoring unit (660). The valves (625, 633, 634, 635) can be controlled by a percentage based on the values ​​input by the control unit (661).

[0101] A carbon dioxide capture and carbon resource utilization system for a waste incineration plant according to one embodiment of the present invention can reduce carbon dioxide while resolving the problem of lower process operation efficiency and economic feasibility compared to conventional technology by capturing only carbon dioxide from the flue gas emitted from existing waste incineration plants, and can utilize the captured carbon dioxide to convert it into sodium carbonate or sodium bicarbonate, thereby enabling resource utilization into other useful substances.

[0102] As described above, the carbon dioxide capture and carbon resource utilization system according to the present invention according to the first embodiment can reduce carbon dioxide by capturing carbon dioxide from exhaust gas emitted from a waste incineration plant, and can produce sodium carbonate or sodium bicarbonate using the captured carbon dioxide.

[0103] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the internal configuration of an absorption tower for improving the carbon dioxide capture performance of a carbon dioxide capture facility according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0104] Referring to FIG. 3, the internal configuration of an absorption tower (610) according to one embodiment of the present invention may further include a plurality of nozzles (615) provided in a pipe (614) that sprays an umbrella-shaped (C) basic alkali mixture from the bottom to the top from a mixer (630) within the absorption tower (610), a micro-droplet member (616) that forms a fine droplet by contacting a pore (616a) when the umbrella-shaped (C) basic alkali mixture sprayed falls downward, and a baffle (617) having a plurality of slits or holes formed therein so that exhaust gas containing carbon dioxide is introduced into the absorption tower (610) with a uniform velocity distribution.

[0105] Specifically, the carbon dioxide and sulfur oxide capture performance of the carbon dioxide capture facility can be improved by the basic alkaline mixture falling from the top to the bottom within the absorption tower (610) through a plurality of nozzles (615) that cause it to be ejected in the shape of an umbrella (C), coming into contact with the pores (616a) of the microdroplet member (616) to form droplets, and then passing through a baffle (617) with a plurality of slits or holes and coming into contact with the exhaust gas formed as fine particles.

[0106] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the internal configuration of an absorption tower for improving the carbon dioxide and sulfur oxide capture performance of a carbon dioxide capture facility according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0107] Referring to FIG. 4, the internal configuration of the absorption tower (610) according to another embodiment of the present invention may further include a configuration to promote the reaction between carbon dioxide and a basic alkali mixture in addition to the configuration of the first embodiment of FIG. 4.

[0108] In the absorption tower (610) according to the other embodiment above, carbon dioxide delivered from the modification reactor (500) is atomized into microbubbles as it passes through a mesh net (618) installed at the bottom of the absorption tower (610).

[0109] In addition, the basic alkaline mixture supplied from the mixer (630, see FIG. 3) into the absorption tower (610) through the pipe (614) installed to cross the upper part of the absorption tower (610) is atomized into fine droplets as it is ejected upward in a fountain shape through a plurality of nozzles (615) installed at regular intervals on one side of the pipe (614).

[0110] Additionally, between the mesh (618) and the pipe (614), a microdroplet member (616) may be further provided to selectively pass only microdroplets of a certain size or smaller among the atomized basic alkali mixture.

[0111] As previously described in one embodiment of FIG. 3, the smaller the size of the microbubbles and microdroplets generated by the mesh (618) and the microdroplet member (616), the larger the reaction surface area between carbon dioxide and the alkaline solution, thereby increasing the carbon dioxide capture ability. For example, the microbubbles and microdroplets may have a size of about 50 μm or less.

[0112] Subsequently, the basic alkali mixture, which is atomized into fine droplets as described above, actively captures carbon dioxide as the reaction is promoted by contact with the carbon dioxide atomized by the mesh net (618) mentioned earlier.

[0113] Additionally, a stirrer (619) may be further provided between the mesh (618) and the pipe (614) to increase the fluidity of the atomized carbon dioxide and basic alkali mixture to promote the reaction.

[0114] The above stirrer (619) rotates in a propeller shape, and by increasing the residence time and contact time of the atomized basic alkali mixture and carbon dioxide, the reaction between the two substances can be further promoted.

[0115] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the attached drawings, those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention may be implemented in other specific forms without changing its technical concept or essential features. Therefore, the embodiments described above should be understood as illustrative in all respects and not restrictive. The scope of this specification is defined by the claims set forth below rather than by the detailed description above, and all modifications or variations derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and equivalent concepts should be interpreted as being included within the scope of this specification.

[0116] Meanwhile, the present specification and drawings disclose preferred embodiments of the present specification. Although specific terms have been used, they are used only in a general sense to facilitate the explanation of the technical content of the present specification and to aid in understanding the invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present specification. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that, in addition to the embodiments disclosed herein, other variations based on the technical concept of the present specification are possible.

[0117] The present invention can be widely used in the field of carbon dioxide capture and carbon resource utilization systems for waste incineration plants.

Claims

1. A carbon dioxide capture facility equipped with a sealed chamber of a certain volume, connecting the interior of the chamber to the flue gas flow path of a waste incineration plant, supplying a basic alkali mixture of specific components and flue gas into the chamber, and then reacting the basic alkali mixture with carbon dioxide in the flue gas according to the following reaction equation 1 to produce a carbon dioxide reaction product containing sodium carbonate or sodium bicarbonate, thereby capturing carbon dioxide; and, A carbon dioxide capture and carbon resource recovery system for a waste incineration plant, comprising: a carbon resource recovery facility equipped with a sealed chamber of a certain volume, which receives a carbon dioxide reactant generated from a carbon dioxide capture facility into the chamber and reacts it with an additive of a specific component to produce a carbonate mineral. <Reaction Equation 1> 2NaOH + CO2 → Na2CO3 + H2O Na2CO3 + H2O + CO2 → 2NaHCO3 2. In Paragraph 1, A carbon dioxide capture and carbon resource utilization system for a waste incineration plant, characterized in that the above additive contains calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) and produces a carbonate mineral containing calcium carbonate according to the following reaction formula 2. <Reaction Equation 2> Na2CO3+ Ca(OH)2→ 2NaOH + CaCO3 3. In Paragraph 1, A carbon dioxide capture and carbon resource utilization system for a waste incineration plant, characterized in that a pretreatment facility is further included between the flue gas path of the waste incineration plant and the carbon dioxide capture facility, and the pretreatment facility processes or removes specific components contained in the flue gas.

4. In Paragraph 1, A carbon dioxide capture and carbon resource utilization system for a waste incineration plant, characterized in that the carbon dioxide capture facility is equipped with a post-treatment facility, and the post-treatment facility removes the basic alkali mixed liquid mist remaining in the flue gas from which carbon dioxide has been removed and then discharges it into the atmosphere.

5. In Paragraph 1, A carbon dioxide capture and carbon resource recovery system for a waste incineration plant, characterized in that a solid-liquid separator is further provided on the downstream side of the carbon resource recovery facility, and the solid-liquid separator recovers a basic alkali mixture from carbonate minerals generated in the carbon resource recovery facility and then re-supplies it to a carbon dioxide capture facility.

6. In Paragraph 5, A carbon dioxide capture and carbon resource utilization system for a waste incineration plant, characterized in that the solid-liquid separator is further equipped with a dryer and a grinder, and the carbonate mineral from which the basic alkali mixture has been removed in the solid-liquid separator is dried and ground into powder.

7. In Paragraph 1, A carbon dioxide capture and carbon resource utilization system for a waste incineration plant, characterized by further including a carbon dioxide concentration sensor between the flue gas path of the waste incineration plant and the carbon dioxide capture facility, and supplying a basic alkali mixture into the carbon dioxide capture facility in proportion to the carbon dioxide concentration in the flue gas measured by the carbon dioxide concentration sensor.

8. In Paragraph 1, The above carbon dioxide capture facility is, A mixer that supplies a basic alkali mixture; An absorption tower that captures carbon dioxide from the flue gas by reacting the basic alkali mixture supplied from the above mixer with the flue gas in which fine droplets are formed after passing through a bubbler installed at the bottom; A separator that collects a reactant containing carbon dioxide captured in the absorption tower and separates the carbon dioxide reactant and the waste solution from the reactant; A carbon resource storage facility for storing the separated carbon dioxide reactants to utilize them as resources; and, A carbon dioxide capture and carbon resource utilization system for a waste incineration plant comprising: a discharge section for discharging residual flue gas from which carbon dioxide captured in the absorption tower has been removed.

9. In Paragraph 1, The above basic alkali mixture is, One or more oxides selected from the group consisting of SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, TiO2, MgO, MnO, CaO, Na2O, K2O, and P2O3; One or more metals selected from the group consisting of Li, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Sr, Cd, and Pb; Crystallized synthetic zeolite prepared from alumina-based raw materials, silica-based raw materials, and sodium hydroxide; and, A carbon dioxide capture and carbon resource recovery system for a waste incineration plant characterized by comprising one or more liquid compositions selected from the group consisting of sodium tetraborate (Na2B4O7.10H2O), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), sodium silicate (Na2SiO3), potassium hydroxide (KOH), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).

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