Direct air capture system using dry carbon dioxide adsorbent and apparatus for manufacturing dry carbon dioxide adsorbent

Abstract

A direct air capture system using a dry carbon dioxide adsorbent, according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprises: an air supply pump (100) into which air is introduced; a moisture supply device (200) which supplies moisture to the air introduced through the air supply pump; a CO2 removal reactor (300) which adsorbs and removes carbon dioxide from the moisture-containing air formed by the moisture supply device; an atmospheric discharge valve (620) which selectively discharges, into the atmosphere, the air from which carbon dioxide has been removed in the CO2 removal reactor; and a reactor-heating device (700) which is provided in the CO2 removal reactor to desorb (separate) the adsorbed carbon dioxide by selectively heating the reactor.

Description

Direct air capture system using dry carbon dioxide adsorbent and manufacturing apparatus for dry carbon dioxide adsorbent

[0001] The present invention relates to a direct air capture system using a dry carbon dioxide adsorbent, and more specifically, to a direct air capture system using a dry carbon dioxide adsorbent that can contribute to improving the health of users by maintaining the surrounding air in a pleasant state at all times by converting the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air to a level harmless to the human body and then supplying it indoors or discharging it outdoors, as well as by recycling the captured carbon dioxide for resource production and contributing to the response to global climate crises such as global warming.

[0002] Recently, in response to the climate crisis, there has been an international trend of further strengthening carbon regulations, such as declaring carbon neutrality goals to curb atmospheric emissions of carbon dioxide and capture carbon dioxide that has already been emitted. Korea is also keeping pace with the efforts of the international community by declaring carbon neutrality by 2050 and creating an atmosphere to induce a transition to a low-carbon and eco-friendly economic structure.

[0003] To solve these problems, this corresponds to the technology field of capturing carbon dioxide that has already been emitted into the atmosphere—among the methods currently being pursued as an important reduction means to achieve national greenhouse gas reduction targets—which reduces the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and utilizes the captured carbon dioxide as a resource.

[0004] Among these, the latter technology for removing carbon dioxide that has already been emitted into the air is generally referred to as Direct Air Capture (DAC) technology. More specifically, it refers to a technology for mitigating the greenhouse effect by reducing the concentration of carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas in the air, through the use of various technologies such as chemical adsorption using various media like alkaline solutions and physical adsorption using various catalysts.

[0005] Typically, such Direct Air Capture (DAC) technology can consist of carbon dioxide adsorbent manufacturing technology, adsorbent reaction technology with CO2, and adsorbent regeneration technology saturated with CO2.

[0006] In addition, representative technologies for removing carbon dioxide from the air using the above-mentioned adsorbent include the wet alkali method, which produces carbonates through a chemical reaction with carbon dioxide in a solution state, and the wet amine method, which removes carbon dioxide by combining it with nitrogen atoms in a solution state.

[0007] However, as described above, conventional methods for removing carbon dioxide from the air in a solution state had problems in terms of economic feasibility, such as low adsorption performance of 2 mmole / g or less, high regeneration temperatures of 300 to 900°C, and degradation of the adsorbent due to frequent adsorption and desorption processes. In addition, in terms of environmental feasibility, there were problems such as the possibility of secondary contamination by harmful substances that may occur during the carbon dioxide removal process, such as the evaporation and leakage of alkaline solutions in the case of wet methods and the leakage of alkalis or amines during the desorption process in the case of dry methods.

[0008] Accordingly, the present invention has been devised to resolve the aforementioned problems and aims to provide a direct air capture system using a dry carbon dioxide adsorbent that can contribute to the improvement of user health by converting the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air to a level harmless to the human body and then supplying it indoors or discharging it outdoors, thereby maintaining the surrounding air in a pleasant state at all times, as well as recycling the captured carbon dioxide for resource production and contributing to the response to global climate crises such as global warming.

[0009] According to one embodiment, a direct air collection system using a dry carbon dioxide adsorbent of the present invention for achieving the above-mentioned purpose comprises: an air supply pump (100) into which air is introduced; a moisture supply device (200) for supplying moisture to the air introduced through the air supply pump; a CO2 removal reactor (300) for adsorbing and removing carbon dioxide from the air containing moisture by the moisture supply device; an atmosphere discharge valve (620) for selectively discharging the air from which carbon dioxide has been removed in the CO2 removal reactor into the atmosphere; and a reactor heating device (700) provided in the CO2 removal reactor for desorbing (separating) the adsorbed carbon dioxide by selectively heating the reactor.

[0010] In addition, according to one embodiment, the CO2 removal reactor (300) is further equipped with a CO2 storage device (500) for transporting and storing the desorbed carbon dioxide.

[0011] In addition, according to one embodiment, the moisture supply device (200) is further provided with a moisture supply device bypass valve (600), and when moisture supply is required during the carbon dioxide adsorption process, the moisture supply device bypass valve (600) is operated to be closed, and air passes through the moisture supply device (200) so that air containing moisture is introduced into the CO2 removal reactor (300), and then the air from which CO2 has been removed is discharged into the atmosphere, and when moisture supply is not required, the moisture supply device bypass valve (600) is operated to be open, and air does not pass through the moisture supply device (200) but passes through the moisture supply device bypass valve (600).

[0012] In addition, according to one embodiment, a first CO2 measuring instrument (700) is provided upstream of the air supply pump (100), an air flow meter (710) is provided upstream of the moisture supply device (200), a first hygrometer (720) and a pressure gauge (760) are provided upstream of the CO2 removal reactor (300), a thermometer (730) is provided inside the CO2 removal reactor (300), a second CO2 measuring instrument (740) is provided downstream of the CO2 removal reactor (300), and a second hygrometer (750) is provided upstream of the moisture removal device (400).

[0013] In addition, according to one embodiment, the CO2 removal reactor (300) is characterized by including a dry carbon dioxide adsorbent (340) in which at least one of a hydroxyl group (OH) functional group, a sodium (Na) group, a potassium (K) group, or a carbonate group (CO3) functional group is introduced into the activated carbon.

[0014] In addition, according to one embodiment, the reactor heating device (700) is characterized as being an infrared heating device that emits infrared rays with a wavelength of 4 to 1,000 μm.

[0015] Meanwhile, in one embodiment of the carbon dioxide adsorbent manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, a positive collector (820), a positive electrode (830), an anion exchange membrane (840), a spacer (850), a cation exchange membrane (842), a negative electrode (832), and a negative collector (822) are stacked in order between a pair of end plates (810), and a DC power supply device (860) for supplying DC power is connected to the positive collector (820) and the negative collector (822).

[0016] Meanwhile, in another embodiment of the carbon dioxide adsorbent manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, a positive collector (820), a positive electrode (830), a spacer (850), a negative electrode (832), and a negative collector (822) are stacked in order between a pair of end plates (810), and a DC power supply unit (860) for supplying DC power is connected to the positive collector (820) and the negative collector (822).

[0017] The present invention, as described above, can achieve the world's highest level of carbon dioxide adsorption performance of 6 mmole / g or more by using an activated carbon adsorbent, and by desorbing carbon dioxide at a low temperature, there is no degradation of the adsorbent, and the energy required is low, thereby improving economic efficiency, and at the same time, no environmentally harmful substances are generated, thus having an eco-friendly effect.

[0018] In addition, the carbon dioxide adsorbed through this invention can be recycled for the production of useful resources, thereby contributing to overcoming the climate crisis related to global warming.

[0019] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a direct air capture system using a dry carbon dioxide adsorbent of the present invention according to one embodiment.

[0020] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a carbon dioxide removal reactor according to the present invention.

[0021] FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a dry carbon dioxide adsorbent manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a dry carbon dioxide adsorbent manufacturing apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of the control sensor for the direct air collection system of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 is a graph of the carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption cycle operation according to the present invention.

[0025] The terms used herein are used merely to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this specification, terms such as “comprising,” “having,” or “having” are intended to indicate the existence of the features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof described herein, and should be understood as not precluding the existence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined in this specification, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as generally understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains.

[0027] Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant technology, and should not be interpreted in an ideal or overly formal sense unless explicitly defined in this specification.

[0028] Hereinafter, the configuration and operational relationship of an air conditioner equipped with a carbon dioxide reduction device according to one embodiment of the present invention will be examined in detail with reference to the attached drawings.

[0029] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a direct air capture system using a dry carbon dioxide adsorbent according to one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a carbon dioxide removal reactor according to the present invention, FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a dry carbon dioxide adsorbent manufacturing device according to one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a dry carbon dioxide adsorbent manufacturing device according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a control sensor for the direct air capture system of the present invention.

[0030] First, the direct air capture system (10) using the dry carbon dioxide adsorbent of the present invention is divided into two processes: a carbon dioxide adsorption process for removing carbon dioxide from the air and a carbon dioxide desorption process for desorbing the adsorbed carbon dioxide. These two processes are carried out sequentially and continuously to remove carbon dioxide from the air.

[0031] According to one embodiment, the direct air collection system (10) using the dry carbon dioxide adsorbent of the present invention comprises: an air supply pump (100) into which air is introduced; a moisture supply device (200) that supplies moisture to the air introduced through the air supply pump; a CO2 removal reactor (300) that adsorbs and removes carbon dioxide from the air containing moisture by the moisture supply device; an atmosphere discharge valve (620) that selectively discharges the air from which carbon dioxide has been removed in the CO2 removal reactor into the atmosphere; and a reactor heating device (700) provided in the CO2 removal reactor to selectively heat the reactor to desorb (separate) the adsorbed carbon dioxide.

[0032] In addition, the system (10) of the present invention is equipped with a moisture removal device (400) for selectively removing moisture from the air and a moisture supply device bypass valve (610).

[0033] In addition, the system (10) of the present invention is equipped with a carbon dioxide storage tank (500) for storing and recycling carbon dioxide desorbed (adsorbed) in the ground during the carbon dioxide desorption process.

[0034] First, looking at the carbon dioxide adsorption process, as shown in FIG. 1, air is introduced into the system (10) through an air supply pump (100), and according to the adsorption function of the system, the air passes through the moisture supply device (200) while the moisture supply device bypass valve (600) is operated to be closed so that the air contains moisture, and then the air containing moisture is introduced into the CO2 removal reactor (300), and then the air from which CO2 has been removed is discharged into the atmosphere.

[0035] In this process, if the supply of moisture is not required, the air supply pump (100) is stopped, and instead, the moisture supply device bypass valve (600) is operated to open, and the atmospheric discharge valve (620) is operated to open.

[0036] Meanwhile, the carbon dioxide desorption process stops the air supply pump (100) and the washing air supply pump (110), keeps the CO2 backflow prevention valve (640) and the atmosphere discharge valve (620) in a closed state, keeps the CO2 discharge valve (622) in an open state, keeps the moisture removal device inflow prevention valve (650) and the moisture removal device outflow prevention valve (660) in a closed state, keeps the moisture removal device bypass valve (610) in an open state, then operates the CO2 suction pump (120) to maintain the pressure inside the CO2 removal reactor (300) in a vacuum state, stops the CO2 suction pump (120), and keeps the moisture removal device bypass valve (610) in a closed state.

[0037] Next, the reactor heating device (700) is operated to maintain the temperature of the reactor at 50 to 70°C, and the maintenance time of the reactor temperature is maintained for 1 to 30 minutes depending on the CO2 desorption rate, and after the maintenance time has elapsed, the moisture removal device inflow prevention valve (650) and the moisture removal device outflow prevention valve (660) are kept in an open state, and the moisture removal device bypass valve (610) is kept in a closed state, and then the CO2 suction pump (120) is operated to store the desorbed carbon dioxide in the CO2 storage device (500).

[0038] According to one embodiment, the reactor heating device (700) may be an infrared heating device that emits infrared rays with a wavelength of 4 to 1,000 μm.

[0039] As described above, once the CO2 desorption of the CO2 removal reactor (300) is completed and the transfer and storage of the desorbed CO2 is completed, the carbon dioxide adsorption process in the air described above is started again.

[0040] Here, the above-described carbon dioxide adsorption process and carbon dioxide desorption process describes the general process of the system (10), and there may be slight differences in process control depending on the type of adsorbent to be installed in the CO2 removal reactor (300).

[0041] In addition, a dry carbon dioxide adsorbent is used in the CO2 removal reactor (300) of the present invention, and the dry carbon dioxide adsorbent may be an activated carbon fiber adsorbent.

[0042] According to one embodiment, the activated carbon fiber adsorbent can be manufactured in various forms as follows.

[0043] (Type 1) Dry carbon dioxide adsorbent with electrochemically introduced hydroxyl (OH) functional groups on activated carbon with a surface area of ​​1,000 m² or more,

[0044] (Type 2) Dry carbon dioxide adsorbent in which sodium (Na) groups are electrochemically introduced into activated carbon with a surface area of ​​1,000 m² or more,

[0045] (Type 3) Dry carbon dioxide adsorbent with potassium (K) groups electrochemically introduced into activated carbon with a surface area of ​​1,000 m² or more,

[0046] (Type 4) Dry carbon dioxide adsorbent with electrochemically introduced carbonate (CO3) functional groups on activated carbon with a surface area of ​​1,000 m² or more,

[0047] (Type 5) Dry carbon dioxide adsorbent formed by depositing sodium hydroxide (NaOH) on activated carbon with a surface area of ​​1,000 m² or more,

[0048] (Type 6) Dry carbon dioxide adsorbent with potassium hydroxide (KOH) deposited on activated carbon with a surface area of ​​1,000 m² or more,

[0049] (Type 7) Dry carbon dioxide adsorbent with sodium carbonate (NaCO3) deposited on activated carbon with a surface area of ​​1,000 m² or more,

[0050] (Type 8) Dry carbon dioxide adsorbent with potassium carbonate (K2CO3) deposited on activated carbon with a surface area of ​​1,000 m² or more,

[0051] (Type 9) Dry carbon dioxide adsorbent in which sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is deposited on activated carbon with a surface area of ​​1,000 m² or more and electrochemically hydroxyl (OH) functional groups are introduced,

[0052] (Type 10) A dry carbon dioxide adsorbent in which potassium hydroxide (KOH), etc., is deposited on activated carbon with a surface area of ​​1,000 m² or more, and hydroxyl (OH) functional groups are electrochemically introduced,

[0053] (Type 11) Dry carbon dioxide adsorbent in which sodium carbonate (NaCO3) is deposited on activated carbon with a surface area of ​​1,000 m² or more and carbonate (CO3) functional groups are simultaneously introduced electrochemically,

[0054] (Type 12) It can be manufactured in a total of 12 or more different types, such as a dry adsorbent in which potassium carbonate (K2CO3) is deposited on activated carbon with a surface area of ​​1,000 m² or more and a carbonate (CO3) functional group is electrochemically introduced.

[0055] Specifically, among the activated carbon adsorbents (340) mounted in the CO2 removal reactor (300), a dry carbon dioxide adsorbent in which sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is deposited, for example, on activated carbon with a surface area of ​​1,000 m² or more is manufactured by immersing activated carbon fibers in a 1-50% sodium hydroxide solution for 0.1 minutes to 3 hours and then drying; a dry carbon dioxide adsorbent in which potassium hydroxide is deposited on activated carbon fibers with a surface area of ​​1,000 m² or more is manufactured by immersing activated carbon fibers in a 1-50% potassium hydroxide solution for 0.1 minutes to 3 hours and then drying; a dry carbon dioxide adsorbent in which sodium carbonate is deposited on activated carbon with a surface area of ​​1,000 m² or more is manufactured by immersing activated carbon in a 1-50% sodium carbonate solution for 0.1 minutes to 3 hours and then drying; and a dry carbon dioxide adsorbent in which potassium carbonate is deposited on activated carbon with a surface area of ​​1,000 m² or more is manufactured by immersing activated carbon in a 1-50% sodium carbonate solution for 1-50% of It can be prepared by immersing in a potassium carbonate solution for 0.1 minutes to 3 hours and then drying.

[0056] The specific manufacturing processes for each type of the above-mentioned activated carbon fiber adsorbent (dry carbon dioxide adsorbent) will be explained in detail in the examples described below.

[0057] Referring to FIG. 2, air is injected into the CO2 removal reactor (300) through an air inlet (321) inside the housing (310), moves to the lower part of the housing (310) through an air guide pipe (322) that moves the air to the lower part, passes through an air distribution pipe (330), and flows evenly through a spacer (350) that is cylindrically wound together between the activated carbon adsorbents (340), and in this process, carbon dioxide is adsorbed on the activated carbon adsorbents (340). Subsequently, the air from which carbon dioxide has been adsorbed and removed is finally discharged to the outside of the housing (310) through an air outlet (323).

[0058] The configuration of the activated carbon adsorbent manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention is as follows.

[0059] Referring to FIG. 3, the configuration of an activated carbon adsorbent manufacturing apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention is such that an end plate (810), a positive collector (820), a positive electrode (830), an anion exchange membrane (840), a spacer (850), a cation exchange membrane (842), a negative electrode (832), a negative collector (822), and an end plate (810) are stacked in order. Additionally, it includes a DC power supply unit (860) for supplying DC power to the positive collector (820) and the negative collector (822), a positive voltage supply line (870) for supplying positive voltage from the DC power supply unit (860), and a negative voltage supply line (872) for supplying negative voltage from the DC power supply unit (860).

[0060] With the above configuration, when a negative voltage is supplied to the negative collector (822) and a positive voltage is supplied to the positive collector (820) at the same time, and an alkaline solution is supplied to the spacer (850), only the cations in the alkaline solution move to the negative electrode (832) by passing through the cation exchange membrane (842), and at the same time, only the anions in the alkaline solution move to the positive electrode (830) by passing through the anion exchange membrane (840), thereby bonding the cations and anions to the surface of the synthetic carbon.

[0061] Referring to FIG. 4, the configuration of an activated carbon adsorbent manufacturing apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention may be composed of an end plate (810), a positive collector (820), a positive electrode (830), a spacer (850), a negative electrode (832), a negative collector (822), and an end plate (810) stacked in order, a DC power supply unit (860) for supplying DC power to the positive collector (820) and the negative collector (822), a positive voltage supply line (870) for supplying positive voltage from the DC power supply unit (860), a negative voltage supply line (872) for supplying negative voltage from the DC power supply unit (860), etc.

[0062] Referring to FIG. 5, the control sensor configuration of the direct air collection system (10) of the present invention is such that, for process control, a first CO2 measuring instrument (700) is provided upstream of the air supply pump (100), an air flow meter (710) is provided upstream of the moisture supply device (200), a first hygrometer (720) and a pressure gauge (760) are provided upstream of the CO2 removal reactor (300), a thermometer (730) is provided inside the CO2 removal reactor (300), a second CO2 measuring instrument (740) is provided downstream of the CO2 removal reactor (300), and a second hygrometer (750) is provided upstream of the moisture removal device (400).

[0063] The first CO2 measuring device (700) measures the carbon dioxide concentration of the air flowing into the system (10) of the present invention, and the second CO2 measuring device (740) measures the carbon dioxide concentration of the air after carbon dioxide is removed in the reactor (300), thereby evaluating the current state of the CO2 removal reactor (300) by comparing the carbon dioxide concentration measured by the first CO2 measuring device (700) with the carbon dioxide concentration measured by the second CO2 measuring device (740).

[0064] Based on this result, the degree of carbon dioxide adsorption, the degree of deterioration, and the need for moisture of the adsorbent (340) in the reactor (300) are determined, and the adsorption process and desorption process are performed, and the replacement of the adsorbent (340) is determined.

[0065] The air flow meter (710) evaluates the amount of air flowing into the CO2 removal reactor (300), controls the amount of carbon dioxide captured by the CO2 removal reactor (300) according to the result, and also provides information for determining whether the system is operating normally.

[0066] The first hygrometer (720) evaluates the moisture state of the air flowing into the CO2 removal reactor (300) and controls whether the air passes through the moisture supply device (200), that is, whether the air passes through the moisture supply device (200) or the air is introduced through the moisture supply device bypass valve (600).

[0067] The second hygrometer (750) measures the moisture concentration of the air passing through the CO2 removal reactor (300) and determines the degree of moisture utilization of the adsorbent in the CO2 removal reactor (300) using the difference from the value measured by the first hygrometer (720), and controls the process of whether the air passes through the moisture supply device (200), that is, whether the air passes through the moisture supply device (200) or is introduced through the moisture supply device bypass valve (600), in the same way as the conditions controlled by the first hygrometer (720).

[0068] The pressure gauge (760) determines whether air is flowing normally into the CO2 removal reactor (300), and if it deviates from the normal pressure, it is used as basic information regarding blockage of the flow path into the adsorbent or other air leakage, and if it deviates from a specific range, it performs the function of stopping the system for safety.

[0069] The thermometer (730) switches to a desorption process, that is, a process of removing carbon dioxide from the saturated adsorbent (340), when the adsorbent in the CO2 removal reactor (300) becomes saturated and loses the ability to remove carbon dioxide from the air. In this desorption process, the temperature is heated to 70 to 150°C using the reactor heating device (700). In this case, the thermometer functions to control the reactor heating device (700) by measuring the temperature inside the CO2 removal reactor (300).

[0070] Example: Preparation of dry carbon dioxide adsorbent

[0071] In a dry carbon dioxide adsorbent manufacturing device in which an end plate (810), a positive collector (820), a positive electrode (830), an anion exchange membrane (840), a spacer (850), a cation exchange membrane (842), a negative electrode (832), a negative collector (822), and an end plate (810) are stacked in order, activated carbon measuring 10 cm in width, 10 cm in height, and 0.15 mm in thickness is installed on the positive electrode (830) and the negative electrode (832). After supplying a negative voltage of -4 volts to the negative collector (822) and a positive voltage of +4 volts to the positive collector (820), a 20% potassium hydroxide solution is supplied to the spacer (850), so that only cations in the alkaline solution move to the negative electrode (832) by passing through the cation exchange membrane (842), and simultaneously only anions of the alkaline solution move to the positive electrode (830). A dry carbon dioxide adsorbent (340) was prepared by passing through an anion exchange membrane (840) and, when there is no change in the current value, stopping the voltage supply, removing the positive electrode (830), and heating and drying at 120°C for 1 hour to electrochemically introduce hydroxyl (OH) functional groups into activated carbon with a surface area of ​​1,000 m² or more.

[0072] Example: Capture of carbon dioxide from the air

[0073] In the carbon dioxide adsorption process, a dry carbon dioxide adsorbent having a manufactured hydroxyl group (OH) functional group introduced is mounted in a Direct Air Capture (DAC) device, air is supplied into the system (10) through an air supply pump (100), and in order for the air to contain moisture according to the adsorption function of the system (10), the moisture supply device bypass valve (600) is operated to be closed and the air passes through the moisture supply device (200), and then the air containing moisture is introduced into a CO2 removal reactor (300), and the air from which CO2 has been removed is discharged into the atmosphere.

[0074] The carbon dioxide desorption process involves stopping the air supply pump (100) and the washing air supply pump (110), keeping the CO2 backflow prevention valve (640) in a closed state, keeping the atmosphere discharge valve (620) in a closed state, keeping the CO2 discharge valve (622) in an open state, keeping the moisture removal device inflow prevention valve (650) and the moisture removal device outflow prevention valve (660) in a closed state, keeping the moisture removal device bypass valve (610) in an open state, then operating the CO2 suction pump (610) to maintain the pressure inside the CO2 removal reactor (300) in a vacuum state, then stopping the CO2 suction pump (610) and keeping the moisture removal device bypass valve (610) in a closed state.

[0075] Next, the reactor heating device (700) is operated to maintain the temperature of the reactor (300) at 50 to 70°C. The maintenance is continued for 1 to 30 minutes depending on the CO2 desorption rate, and after the maintenance time has elapsed, the moisture removal device inlet prevention valve (650) and the moisture removal device outlet prevention valve (660) are kept open, and the moisture removal device bypass valve (610) is kept closed, and then the CO2 suction pump (610) is operated to store the discharged carbon dioxide in the CO2 storage device (500).

[0076] Afterwards, when the CO2 desorption of the CO2 removal reactor (300) is completed and the transfer and storage of the desorbed CO2 is completed, the carbon dioxide removal (adsorption) process is started again. The results of measuring the carbon dioxide concentration for these 6 cycles showed excellent reproducibility as shown in FIG. 6, and the carbon dioxide concentration during the process was 460 ppm at the inlet side and a maximum of 0 ppm at the outlet side, and the carbon dioxide removal rate was 90~100%.

[0077] Figure 6 is a graph of the carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption cycle operation according to the present invention, through which it can be seen that the direct air capture system of the present invention efficiently performs the adsorption and desorption of carbon dioxide.

[0078] Accordingly, by utilizing the above-described configuration, the present invention can achieve the world's highest level of carbon dioxide adsorption performance of 6 mmole / g or more by using an activated carbon adsorbent, and at the same time, by desorbing carbon dioxide at a low temperature, there is no degradation of the adsorbent, the energy required is low, thereby improving economic efficiency, and at the same time, environmentally harmful substances are not generated, thus achieving an eco-friendly effect.

[0079] In addition, the carbon dioxide adsorbed through the present invention can be recycled for the production of useful resources, thereby contributing to overcoming the climate crisis related to global warming.

[0080] Furthermore, the present invention is not limited solely to the embodiment described above. Since the same effect can be achieved even when the detailed configuration, number, or arrangement structure of the device is changed, it is hereby specified that those skilled in the art can add, delete, or modify various configurations within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention.

[0081] The present invention can be widely used in the field of direct air capture systems using dry carbon dioxide adsorbents and manufacturing devices for dry carbon dioxide adsorbents.

Claims

1. Air supply pump (100) into which air is introduced; A moisture supply device (200) that supplies moisture to the air introduced through the above air supply pump; A CO2 removal reactor (300) that adsorbs and removes carbon dioxide from air containing moisture by the above moisture supply device; An atmospheric discharge valve (620) for selectively discharging air from which carbon dioxide has been removed in the above CO2 removal reactor into the atmosphere; and, A direct air capture system using a dry carbon dioxide adsorbent, comprising: a reactor heating device (700) provided in the above CO2 removal reactor to selectively heat the reactor to desorb (separate) the adsorbed carbon dioxide.

2. In Paragraph 1, A direct air capture system using a dry carbon dioxide adsorbent, wherein the CO2 removal reactor (300) is further equipped with a CO2 storage device (500) for transporting and storing the desorbed carbon dioxide.

3. In Paragraph 1, The above moisture supply device (200) is further equipped with a moisture supply device bypass valve (600), and When a moisture supply is required during the carbon dioxide adsorption process, the moisture supply device bypass valve (600) is operated to be closed, and air passes through the moisture supply device (200), and the air containing moisture is introduced into the CO2 removal reactor (300), after which the air from which CO2 has been removed is discharged into the atmosphere. A direct air collection system using a dry carbon dioxide adsorbent, characterized in that when the supply of moisture is unnecessary, the moisture supply device bypass valve (600) is operated to be open, and air does not pass through the moisture supply device (200) but passes through the moisture supply device bypass valve (600).

4. In Paragraph 1, A direct air collection system using a dry carbon dioxide adsorbent, wherein a first CO2 measuring instrument (700) is provided upstream of the air supply pump (100), an air flow meter (710) is provided upstream of the moisture supply device (200), a first hygrometer (720) and a pressure gauge (760) are provided upstream of the CO2 removal reactor (300), a thermometer (730) is provided inside the CO2 removal reactor (300), a second CO2 measuring instrument (740) is provided downstream of the CO2 removal reactor (300), and a second hygrometer (750) is provided upstream of the moisture removal device (400).

5. In Paragraph 1, A direct air capture system using a dry carbon dioxide adsorbent, characterized in that the CO2 removal reactor (300) includes a dry carbon dioxide adsorbent (340) in which at least one of a hydroxyl group (OH) functional group, a sodium (Na) group, a potassium (K) group, or a carbonate group (CO3) functional group is introduced into the activated carbon.

6. In Paragraph 2, A direct air collection system using a dry carbon dioxide adsorbent, characterized in that the reactor heating device (700) is an infrared heating device that emits infrared rays with a wavelength of 4 to 1,000 μm.

7. A manufacturing apparatus for a dry carbon dioxide adsorbent, wherein a positive collector (820), a positive electrode (830), an anion exchange membrane (840), a spacer (850), a cation exchange membrane (842), a negative electrode (832), and a negative collector (822) are stacked in order between a pair of end plates (810), and a DC power supply (860) for supplying DC power is connected to the positive collector (820) and the negative collector (822).

8. A manufacturing apparatus for a dry carbon dioxide adsorbent, wherein a positive collector (820), a positive electrode (830), a spacer (850), a negative electrode (832), and a negative collector (822) are stacked in order between a pair of end plates (810), and a DC power supply (860) for supplying DC power is connected to the positive collector (820) and the negative collector (822).

Images