Method and device for transmitting and receiving signal in wireless communication system

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and device for transmitting and receiving a signal in a wireless communication system. The method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may comprise the steps of: identifying the configuration of transmission configuration indicator (TCI) groups related to a TCI state; and receiving or transmitting a signal through a physical channel on the basis of the configuration of the TCI groups. Here, a codeword for the physical channel may be determined on the basis of, among the TCI groups, the number of TCI groups to which one or more TCI states applied to the physical channel belong.

Description

Method and device for performing transmission and reception of signals in a wireless communication system

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for performing transmission and reception of signals in a wireless communication system, and more specifically, to a method and apparatus for determining and / or assuming the number of codewords based on a group of transmission and reception points (TRPs).

[0002] The 5th generation (5G) wireless communication system is a successor technology to 4G LTE (long term evolution) and is a new clean-slate type mobile communication system with characteristics such as high performance, low latency, and high availability. In the case of 5G NR (New Radio), all available spectrum resources can be utilized, ranging from low-frequency bands below 1 GHz to intermediate frequency bands between 1 GHz and 10 GHz, and high-frequency (or millimeter wave) bands above 24 GHz. Based on the foundational technology of 5G wireless communication, 6G wireless communication systems are being developed.

[0003] 6G wireless communication systems are being developed with the goal of (i) very high data rates per device, (ii) a very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) very low latency, (v) reduced energy consumption of battery-free IoT (internet of things) devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connectivity, and (vii) connected intelligence with machine learning capabilities. The vision of 6G systems can be seen in four aspects: intelligent connectivity, deep connectivity, holographic connectivity, and ubiquitous connectivity. Various technologies are being researched in consideration of the requirements for 6G systems, such as a peak data rate of 1 Tbps per device, an end-to-end (E2E) latency of 1ms, a maximum spectrum efficiency of 100 bps / Hz, support for mobility of 1000 km / h, satellite integration, artificial intelligence (AI), autonomous vehicles, extended reality (XR), and haptic communication.

[0004] The technical problem of the present disclosure is to provide a method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving signals in a wireless communication system.

[0005] The technical problem of the present disclosure is to provide a method and apparatus for determining and / or assuming the number of codewords based on a group of transmission and reception points (TRPs) in a wireless communication system.

[0006] The technical problems to be solved in this disclosure are not limited to those mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which this disclosure belongs from the description below.

[0007] A method according to one aspect of the present disclosure may include: a step of determining the configuration of TCI groups associated with a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state; and a step of receiving or transmitting a signal through a physical channel based on the configuration of said TCI groups. Herein, a codeword for said physical channel may be determined based on the number of TCI groups to which one or more TCI states applicable to said physical channel belong among said TCI groups.

[0008] A method according to a further aspect of the present disclosure may include: a step of setting or indicating the configuration of TCI groups associated with a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state; and a step of transmitting or receiving a signal through a physical channel based on the configuration of said TCI groups. Herein, a codeword for said physical channel may be determined based on the number of TCI groups to which one or more TCI states applicable to said physical channel belong among said TCI groups.

[0009] By various embodiments of the present disclosure, a method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving signals in a wireless communication system may be provided.

[0010] By various embodiments of the present disclosure, a method and apparatus for performing 2-stage (2-stage) DCI (downlink control information)-based M-TRP (multi-Transmission and reception point) scheduling in a wireless communication system may be provided.

[0011] The effects obtainable from the present disclosure are not limited to those mentioned above, and other unmentioned effects will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present disclosure belongs from the description below.

[0012] The accompanying drawings, which are included as part of the detailed description to aid in understanding the present disclosure, provide embodiments of the present disclosure and explain the technical features of the present disclosure together with the detailed description.

[0013] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary flexible network topology to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0014] FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary communication system to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0015] FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary wireless device to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0016] FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary communication procedure between a first node and a second node to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0017] FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary functional framework for AI operations to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0018] FIG. 6 illustrates an example of operations related to AI model training and AI model inference to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0019] FIG. 7 illustrates another example of operations related to AI model training and AI model inference to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0020] FIG. 8 illustrates another example of operations related to AI model training and AI model inference to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0021] FIG. 9 shows an electromagnetic spectrum to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0022] FIG. 10 illustrates an exemplary system information transmission / reception procedure to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0023] FIG. 11 illustrates an exemplary beam management procedure to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0024] FIG. 12 shows an example of an NTN scenario to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0025] FIG. 13 shows another example of an NTN scenario to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0026] FIG. 14 shows examples of sensing operations to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0027] FIG. 15 illustrates a multiple TRP (Transmission and Reception Point) transmission method in a wireless communication system to which the present disclosure may be applied.

[0028] FIG. 16 is a drawing for explaining the operation of a first device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0029] FIG. 17 is a drawing for explaining the operation of a second device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments according to the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The detailed description disclosed below, together with the accompanying drawings, is intended to describe exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and is not intended to represent the only embodiment in which the present disclosure may be practiced. The following detailed description includes specific details to provide a complete understanding of the present disclosure. However, those skilled in the art will know that the present disclosure may be practiced without such specific details.

[0031] In some cases, to avoid obscuring the concept of the present disclosure, known structures and devices may be omitted or illustrated in the form of a block diagram focusing on the core functions of each structure and device.

[0032] In the present disclosure, when a component is described as being “connected,” “combined,” or “joined” with another component, this may include not only a direct connection but also an indirect connection in which another component exists between them. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, the terms “comprising” or “having” specify the presence of the mentioned features, steps, actions, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, actions, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0033] In the present disclosure, terms such as "first," "second," etc. are used solely for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another and are not used to limit the components, nor do they limit the order or importance of the components unless specifically stated otherwise. Accordingly, within the scope of the present disclosure, a first component in one embodiment may be referred to as a second component in another embodiment, and likewise, a second component in one embodiment may be referred to as a first component in another embodiment.

[0034] The terms used in this disclosure are for the description of specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the claims. As used in the description of embodiments and the appended claims, the singular form is intended to include the plural form unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0035] In the present disclosure, "A or B" may mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." Alternatively, in the present disclosure, "A or B" may be interpreted as "A and / or B." For example, in the present disclosure, "A, B or C" may mean "only A," "only B," "only C," or "any combination of A, B and C."

[0036] A slash ( / ) or a comma used in the present disclosure may mean "and / or." For example, "A / B" may mean "A and / or B." Accordingly, "A / B" may mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." For example, "A, B, C" may mean "A, B or C."

[0037] In the present disclosure, "at least one of A and B" may mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." Additionally, in the present disclosure, the expressions "at least one of A or B" or "at least one of A and / or B" may be interpreted as synonymous with "at least one of A and B."

[0038] Additionally, in the present disclosure, "at least one of A, B and C" may mean "only A," "only B," "only C," or "any combination of A, B and C." Additionally, "at least one of A, B or C" or "at least one of A, B and / or C" may mean "at least one of A, B and C."

[0039] Additionally, parentheses used in the present disclosure may mean "for example." Specifically, when indicated as "control information (PDCCH)," "PDCCH" may be described as an example of "control information." In other words, the "control information" of the present disclosure is not limited to "PDCCH," and "PDCCH" may be described as an example of "control information." Furthermore, even when indicated as "control information (i.e., PDCCH)," "PDCCH" may be described as an example of "control information."

[0040] In the following explanation, '...when, if, in case of' can be replaced with '...based on'.

[0041] Technical features described individually within one drawing in this disclosure may be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0042] In the present disclosure, a terminal or user equipment (UE) may be a portable device and may be a first node that receives a signal from a base station / second node / integrated access backhaul (IAB) node.

[0043] In the present disclosure, the base station (BS, Base Station) may be a second node / IAB node / Transmission-Reception Point (TRP).

[0044] In the present disclosure, a higher layer parameter may be a parameter configured, pre-configured, or pre-defined for a terminal. For example, a base station or network may transmit the higher layer parameter to the terminal. For example, the higher layer parameter may be transmitted via radio resource control (RRC) signaling or medium access control (MAC) signaling.

[0045] In the present disclosure, "set or defined" may be interpreted as being set to a device through predefined signaling (e.g., System Information Block (SIB), MAC, RRC) from a base station or network. In the present disclosure, "set or defined" may be interpreted as being set to a device through separate signaling or being predefined without separate signaling.

[0046] In the present disclosure, transmitting or receiving a channel includes the meaning of transmitting or receiving information or a signal through said channel. For example, transmitting a control channel means transmitting control information or a signal through the control channel. Similarly, transmitting a data channel means transmitting data information or a signal through the data channel.

[0047] The technology described in this disclosure can be used in various wireless communication systems such as CDMA (code division multiple access), FDMA (frequency division multiple access), TDMA (time division multiple access), OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access), and SC-FDMA (single carrier frequency division multiple access). CDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as UTRA (universal terrestrial radio access) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as GSM (global system for mobile communications) / GPRS (general packet radio service) / EDGE (enhanced data rates for GSM evolution). OFDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as IEEE (institute of electrical and electronics engineers) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, E-UTRA (evolved UTRA), LTE (long term evolution), and 5G NR.

[0048] The technology described in this disclosure can be implemented as 6G wireless technology and applied to various 6G systems. For example, 6G systems may have key factors such as eMBB (enhanced mobile broadband), URLLC (ultra-reliable low latency communications), mMTC (massive machine-type communication), AI (artificial intelligence) integrated communication, tactile internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.

[0049] Network structure

[0050] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary flexible network topology to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0051] To compensate for incomplete areas of network coverage, a network topology in which the split radio access network (RAN) is configured more flexibly and resiliently may be considered. To this end, various nodes such as integrated access backhaul (IAB) nodes, relays, and radio frequency (RF) repeaters, as exemplified in Fig. 1, may be applied, and a non-terrestrial network (NTN) may be integrated. For example, an IAB node may correspond to a node that provides wireless backhaul. For example, a relay may refer to any intermediate point, and in the case of a sidelink relay where a terminal functions as a relay, it may collectively refer to a terminal-to-network (U2N) relay and a terminal-to-terminal (U2U) relay. For example, an RF repeater may correspond to a node that performs simple signal amplification and forwarding functions, and in the case of a network-controlled repeater, it may adjust transmit / receive settings based on information provided by the network as well as signal amplification and forwarding. For example, NTN nodes can correspond to satellites or aircraft that provide NTN coverage that is difficult for terrestrial networks to provide. In addition to these examples, various intermediate points can be introduced to improve the network topology.

[0052] Referring to FIG. 1, a split RAN can support the division of a base station into one centralized unit (CU) and one or more distributed units (DU). The CU and DU may correspond to logical units. The CU may be further divided into a control plane (CP) portion and one or more user plane (UP) portions. Since a failure in the CU-CP affects not only the CU-UP but also the DU, various intermediate points may be introduced to compensate for this.

[0053] An intermediate point may correspond to a terminal or a base station depending on its relative relationship with other nodes. For example, an IAB node may include a mobile-termination (MT) portion and a DU. The MT may connect the IAB node to a donor node. The DU of the IAB node may serve other terminals or connect to other IAB nodes to provide multi-hop wireless backhaul to terminals. For example, an IAB node may correspond to a base station in its relative relationship with a user-side node and to a terminal in its relative relationship with a network-side node.

[0054] In some examples of the present disclosure, the description of a terminal may apply equally to an intermediate point corresponding to a terminal in relation to a network-side endpoint as well as to a user-side endpoint. Similarly, in some examples of the present disclosure, the description of a base station may apply equally to an intermediate point corresponding to a base station in relation to a user-side endpoint as well as to a network-side endpoint. In most cases where there is no additional description of the operation of three or more subjects, the communication subjects in the present disclosure are briefly described by the term terminal and / or base station (or first node and / or second node), wherein the term terminal and / or base station (or first node and / or second node) is interpreted to include or replace any endpoint or any intermediate point in relation to other nodes.

[0055] As such, in some examples of the present disclosure, for the sake of brevity of description, the subject of the operation may be referred to as a terminal and / or base station (or a first node and / or a second node). Additionally, the term terminal and / or base station (or a first node and / or a second node) may be interpreted or substituted as in the following examples: for example, the terminal (or first node) and the base station (or second node) may correspond to a first endpoint and a second endpoint, respectively; may correspond to an endpoint and an intermediate point, respectively; may correspond to an intermediate point and an endpoint, respectively; or may correspond to a first intermediate point and a second intermediate point, respectively.

[0056] In the present disclosure, there may be no intermediate points between the base station and the terminal, or there may be one or more. If intermediate points exist, the intermediate points may correspond to IAB nodes, relays, RF repeaters, NTN nodes, or nodes supporting other functions. The intermediate points may be nodes with a fixed location or nodes with an indefinite location.

[0057] Systems applicable to the present disclosure

[0058] FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary communication system to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0059] The communication system (100) to which the present disclosure applies includes a wireless device (110), a network device (120), and a network (130). Here, the wireless device (110) refers to a device that performs communication using wireless access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A pro, NR, 5G, 5G-A, 6G) and may be referred to as a communication / wireless / 5G / 6G device. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device (110) may include a robot (110a), a vehicle (110b-1, 110b-2), an XR (extended reality) device (110c), a hand-held device (110d), a home appliance (110e), an IoT (Internet of Thing) device (110f), and an AI (artificial intelligence) device / server (110g). For example, the vehicle may include a vehicle equipped with wireless communication capabilities, an autonomous vehicle, a vehicle capable of performing inter-vehicle communication, etc. Here, the vehicle (110b-1, 110b-2) may include an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone). The XR device (110c) includes an augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) / mixed reality (MR) device and may be implemented in the form of a head-mounted device (HMD), a head-up display (HUD) equipped in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. The portable device (110d) may include a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart glasses), a computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.). The home appliance (110e) may include a TV, a refrigerator, a washing machine, etc. The IoT device (110f) may include a sensor, a smart meter, etc. The wireless device (110) may correspond to a terminal (or first node) or an intermediate point.The network device (120) may correspond to a base station (or a second node) or another intermediate point. For example, the network device (120) may also be implemented as a wireless device (110), and a specific wireless device (120a) may operate as a network device (120) to another wireless device (110).

[0060] Wireless devices (110a to 110f) can be connected to a network (130) through a network device (120). AI technology may be applied to the wireless devices (110a to 110f), and the wireless devices (110a to 110f) can be connected to an AI server (110g) through the network (130). The network (130) can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, a 5G (e.g., NR) network, or a 6G network. The wireless devices (110a to 110f) may communicate with each other through the network device (120) / network (130), but may also communicate directly (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the network device (120) / network (130). For example, vehicles (110b-1, 110b-2) can communicate directly (e.g., V2V (vehicle to vehicle) / V2X (vehicle to everything) communication). Also, an IoT device (110f) (e.g., a sensor) can communicate directly with another IoT device (e.g., a sensor) or other wireless devices (110a to 110f).

[0061] Wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can be established between wireless devices (110a to 110f) / network devices (120) and between network devices (120). Here, wireless communication / connection can be established through various wireless access technologies such as uplink / downlink communication (150a), sidelink communication (150b) (or D2D communication), and communication between network devices (150c) (e.g., relay, IAB (integrated access backhaul)). Through wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c), wireless devices and network devices / wireless devices, and network devices and network devices can transmit / receive wireless signals to / from each other. For example, wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can transmit / receive signals through various physical channels. To this end, based on the various descriptions of the present disclosure, at least some of the following may be performed: a process for setting various configuration information for transmitting / receiving wireless signals, a process for various signal processing (e.g., channel encoding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, resource mapping / demapping, etc.), a resource allocation process, etc.

[0062] Devices applicable to the present disclosure

[0063] FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary wireless device to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0064] Referring to FIG. 3, the wireless device (200) can transmit and receive wireless signals through various wireless access technologies (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A pro, NR, 5G, 5G-A, 6G). The wireless device (200) includes at least one processor (202) and at least one memory (204), and may additionally include at least one transceiver (206) and / or at least one antenna (208).

[0065] The processor (202) controls the memory (204) and / or the transceiver (206) and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or sequences of operation disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (202) may process information within the memory (204) to generate a first information / signal and then transmit a wireless signal containing the first information / signal through the transceiver (206). Additionally, the processor (202) may receive a wireless signal containing a second information / signal through the transceiver (206) and then store information obtained from the signal processing of the second information / signal in the memory (204). The memory (204) may be connected to the processor (202) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (202). For example, memory (204) may store software code containing instructions for performing some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (202) or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or sequences of operations disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (202) and memory (204) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement wireless communication technology. A transceiver (206) may be connected to the processor (202) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals through at least one antenna (208). The transceiver (206) may include a transmitter and / or receiver. The transceiver (206) may be interchangeable with a radio frequency (RF) unit. In this disclosure, a wireless device may mean a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0066] Hereinafter, hardware elements of the wireless device (200) will be described in more detail. Although not limited thereto, at least one protocol layer may be implemented by at least one processor (202). For example, at least one processor (202) may implement at least one layer (e.g., functional layers such as PHY (physical), MAC (media access control), RLC (radio link control), PDCP (packet data convergence protocol), RRC (radio resource control), and SDAP (service data adaptation protocol). At least one processor (202) may generate at least one PDU (Protocol Data Unit) and / or at least one SDU (service data unit) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operation sequences disclosed in this document. At least one processor (202) may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operation sequences disclosed in this document. At least one processor (202) may generate a signal (e.g., a baseband signal) including a PDU, SDU, message, control information, data, or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals, and / or methods disclosed in this document and provide it to at least one transceiver (206). At least one processor (202) may receive a signal (e.g., a baseband signal) from at least one transceiver (206) and may obtain a PDU, SDU, message, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation sequences disclosed in this document.

[0067] At least one processor (202) may be referred to as a controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, or microcomputer. At least one processor (202) may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, at least one application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), at least one digital signal processor (DSP), at least one digital signal processing device (DSPD), at least one programmable logic device (PLD), or at least one field programmable gate array (FPGA) may be included in at least one processor (202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation sequences disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, etc. Firmware or software configured to perform the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation sequences disclosed in this document may be included in at least one processor (202) or stored in at least one memory (204) and driven by at least one processor (202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of code, instructions, and / or sets of instructions.

[0068] At least one memory (204) may be connected to at least one processor (202) and may store various forms of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions, and / or commands. At least one memory (204) may be composed of ROM (read-only memory), RAM (random access memory), EPROM (erasable programmable read-only memory), flash memory, hard drive, registers, cache memory, computer read storage media, and / or combinations thereof. At least one memory (204) may be located inside and / or outside of at least one processor (202). Additionally, at least one memory (204) may be connected to at least one processor (202) via various technologies, such as wired or wireless connections.

[0069] At least one transceiver (206) may transmit user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the methods and / or operation flowcharts, etc. of this document to at least one other device. At least one transceiver (206) may receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operation flowcharts, etc. disclosed in this document from at least one other device. For example, at least one transceiver (206) may be connected to at least one processor (202) and may transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, at least one processor (202) may control at least one transceiver (206) to transmit user data, control information, or wireless signals to at least one other device. Additionally, at least one processor (202) may control at least one transceiver (206) to receive user data, control information, or wireless signals from at least one other device. Additionally, at least one transceiver (206) may be connected to at least one antenna (208), and at least one transceiver (206) may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as described in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation sequence diagrams disclosed in this document through at least one antenna (208). In this document, at least one antenna may be a plurality of physical antennas or a plurality of logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). At least one transceiver (206) may convert the received wireless signals / channels, etc., from RF band signals to baseband signals in order to process the received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., using at least one processor (202).At least one transceiver (206) can convert user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. processed using at least one processor (202) from a baseband signal to an RF band signal. To this end, at least one transceiver (206) may include an (analog) oscillator and / or filter.

[0070] The components of the wireless device described with reference to FIG. 3 may be referred to by other terms in terms of their function. For example, the processor (202) may be referred to as the control unit, the transceiver (206) as the communication unit, and the memory (204) as the storage unit. In some cases, the communication unit may be used to mean at least a part of the processor (202) and the transceiver (206).

[0071] The structure of the wireless device described with reference to FIG. 3 can be understood as the structure of at least part of various devices. For example, the structure of the wireless device illustrated in FIG. 3 may be at least part of the various devices described with reference to FIG. 2 (e.g., robot (110a), vehicle (110b-1, 110b-2), XR device (110c), portable device (110d), home appliance (110e), IoT device (110f), AI device / server (110g)). Furthermore, according to various embodiments, the device may include other components in addition to the components illustrated in FIG. 3.

[0072] For example, the device may be a portable device such as a smartphone, smartpad, wearable device (e.g., smart watch, smart glasses), or portable computer (e.g., laptop, etc.). In this case, the device may further include at least one of a power supply unit that supplies power and includes a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc., an interface unit that includes at least one port for connection with another device (e.g., an audio input / output port, a video input / output port), and an input / output unit for inputting and outputting video information / signals, audio information / signals, data, and / or information input by a user.

[0073] For example, the device may be a mobile device such as a mobile robot, vehicle, train, manned / unmanned aerial vehicle (AV), or ship. In this case, the device may further include at least one of a drive unit comprising at least one of an engine, motor, power train, wheel, brake, and steering device of the device; a power supply unit that supplies power and includes a wired / wireless charging circuit, battery, etc.; a sensor unit that senses state information, environmental information, and user information of the device or its surroundings; an autonomous driving unit that performs functions such as path maintenance, speed control, and destination setting; and a position measurement unit that acquires position information of the moving body through a GPS (global positioning system) and various sensors.

[0074] For example, the device may be an XR device such as an HMD, a HUD (head-up display) equipped in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. In this case, the device may further include at least one of a power supply unit that supplies power and includes a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc., an input / output unit that acquires control information, data, etc. from the outside and outputs a generated XR object, and a sensor unit that senses state information, environment information, and user information of the device or the surroundings of the device.

[0075] For example, the device may be a robot that can be classified into industrial, medical, household, military, etc., depending on the purpose or field of use. In this case, the device may further include at least one of a sensor unit that senses state information, environmental information, and user information of the device or its surroundings, and a drive unit that performs various physical actions, such as moving robot joints.

[0076] For example, the device may be an AI device such as a TV, projector, smartphone, PC, laptop, digital broadcasting terminal, tablet PC, wearable device, set-top box (STB), radio, washing machine, refrigerator, digital signage, robot, vehicle, etc. In this case, the device may further include at least one of an input unit that acquires various types of data from the outside, an output unit that generates output related to sight, hearing, or touch, a sensor unit that senses state information, environmental information, and user information of the device or its surroundings, and a training unit that learns a model composed of an artificial neural network using training data.

[0077] The structure of the wireless device illustrated in FIG. 3 may be understood as part of a terminal (or first node), or part of an intermediate point, or part of a base station (or second node). If the device illustrated in FIG. 3 is a base station (or second node), the device may further include a wired transceiver for front haul and / or back haul communication. If the front haul and / or back haul communication is based on wireless communication, at least one transceiver (206) illustrated in FIG. 3 is used for front haul and / or back haul communication, and a wired transceiver may not be included.

[0078] Communication procedures

[0079] FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary communication procedure between a first node and a second node to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0080] FIG. 4 illustrates the operation of a first node (110) (e.g., a terminal) and a second node (120) (e.g., a base station) transmitting and / or receiving data, and the operation performed prior to this.

[0081] In step S101, the first node (110) and the second node (120) can perform synchronization. For example, the terminal (110) performs an initial cell search operation. Specifically, the terminal (110) can detect at least one synchronization signal transmitted from the base station (120) according to a predefined rule. Here, the synchronization signal may include a plurality of synchronization signals (e.g., a primary synchronization signal, a secondary synchronization signal) classified according to structure or use. Through this, the terminal (110) can identify the boundaries of the frame, subframe, slot, and / or symbol of the base station (120) and obtain information about the base station (120) (e.g., a cell identifier).

[0082] In step S103, the first node (110) can obtain system information transmitted from the second node (120). For example, the system information is information related to the attributes, characteristics, and / or capabilities of the base station (120) required to connect to the base station (120) and use the service, and can be classified according to content (e.g., whether it is essential for connection), transmission structure (e.g., the channel used, whether it is provided on-demand), etc., and can be classified, for example, into a master information block (MIB) and a system information block (SIB). If necessary, the terminal (110) may transmit a signal requesting system information prior to receiving the system information. Such request and provision of system information may be performed after a random access procedure described later.

[0083] In step S105, the first node (110) and the second node (120) can perform a random access procedure. For example, the terminal (110) can transmit and / or receive at least one message for a random access procedure (e.g., a random access preamble, a RAR (random access response) message, etc.) based on information related to the random access channel of the base station (120) obtained through system information (e.g., channel location, channel structure, structure of a supported preamble, etc.). For example, the terminal (110) may transmit a preamble (e.g., message 1 (MSG1)) through a random access channel, receive a random access response (RAR) message (e.g., message 2 (MSG2)), transmit a message (e.g., message 3 (MSG3)) containing information related to the terminal (110) (e.g., identification information) to the base station (120) using scheduling information included in the RAR message, and receive a message (e.g., message 4 (MSG4)) for contention resolution and / or connection establishment. As another example, MSG1 and MSG3 may be transmitted and received as a single message (e.g., message A (MSG A), or MSG2 and MSG4 may be transmitted and received as a single message (e.g., message B (MSG B).

[0084] In step S107, the first node (110) and the second node (120) can perform signaling of control information. For example, the control information may be defined in various layers, such as a layer that controls the connection (e.g., a radio resource control (RRC) layer), a layer that handles mapping between logical channels and transmission channels (e.g., a media access control (MAC) layer), and a layer that handles physical channels (e.g., a physical (PHY) layer). For example, the terminal (110) and the base station (120) may perform at least one of signaling to establish a connection, signaling to determine settings related to communication, and signaling to indicate allocated resources.

[0085] In step S109, the first node (110) and the second node (120) can transmit and / or receive data. For example, the terminal (110) and the base station (120) can process data based on the signaling of control information and transmit and / or receive data. For example, when transmitting data, the terminal (110) or the base station (120) can perform at least one of channel encoding, rate matching, scrambling, constellation mapping, layer mapping, waveform modulation, antenna mapping, and resource mapping on the information bits. For example, when receiving data, the terminal (110) or the base station (120) can perform at least one of extracting a signal from a resource, antenna-specific waveform demodulation, signal placement considering layer mapping, constellation demapping, descrambling, and channel decoding.

[0086] 6G System Core Technology

[0087] As core implementation technologies for 6G systems, technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), THz (Terahertz) communication, optical wireless technology, free space optics (FSO) backhaul network, multiple input multiple output (MIMO) technology, blockchain, 3D networking, quantum communication, unmanned aerial vehicles, cell-free communication, wireless information and energy transfer (WIET), integration of sensing and communication, integration of access backhaul networks, holographic beamforming, big data analysis, and large intelligent surface (LIS) can be adopted.

[0088] artificial intelligence

[0089] The introduction of AI into communications can streamline and enhance real-time data transmission. AI can determine how complex target tasks are performed using numerous analyses. AI can increase efficiency and reduce processing latency. Time-consuming tasks such as handover, network selection, and resource scheduling can be performed instantly using AI. AI can also play a significant role in machine-to-machine (M2M), machine-to-human, and human-to-machine communication. Furthermore, AI can enable rapid communication in Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI). AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, intelligent structures, intelligent networks, intelligent devices, intelligent cognitive radios, self-sustaining wireless networks, and machine learning.

[0090] FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary functional framework for AI operations to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0091] Below, to provide a more specific explanation of AI (or AI / ML (machine learning)), terms can be defined as follows.

[0092] - Data collection: Data collected from network nodes, management entities, or terminals, serving as a basis for AI model training, data analysis, and inference.

[0093] - AI model: A data-driven algorithm that applies AI technology to generate a set of outputs containing predictive information and / or decision parameters based on a set of inputs.

[0094] - AI / ML Training: An online or offline process of training an AI model by learning features and patterns that best represent data and acquire an AI / ML model trained for inference.

[0095] - AI / ML Inference: A process of making predictions or deriving decisions based on collected data and an AI model using a trained AI model.

[0096] Referring to FIG. 5, the data collection function (10) is a function that collects input data and provides processed input data to the model training function (20) and the model inference function (30).

[0097] Examples of input data may include measurements from terminals or other network entities, feedback from actors, and outputs from AI models.

[0098] The data collection function (10) performs data preparation based on input data and provides the input data processed through data preparation. Here, the data collection function (10) does not perform specific data preparation (e.g., data pre-processing and cleaning, forming and transformation) for each AI algorithm, and can perform data preparation common to AI algorithms.

[0099] After the data preparation process is performed, the data collection function (10) can provide training data (11) to the model training function (20) and provide inference data (12) to the model inference function (30). Here, the training data (11) corresponds to data required as input for the AI ​​model training function (20), and the inference data (12) corresponds to data required as input for the AI ​​model inference function (30).

[0100] The data collection function (10) may be performed by a single entity (e.g., terminal, RAN node, network node, etc.) but may also be performed by multiple entities. In this case, training data (11) and inference data (12) from multiple entities may be provided to the model training function (20) and the model inference function (30), respectively.

[0101] The model training function (20) may correspond to a function that performs AI model training, validation, and testing, which can generate model performance metrics as part of the AI ​​model testing procedure. If necessary, the model training function (20) may also be responsible for data preparation (e.g., data pre-processing and cleaning, formatting and transformation, etc.) based on training data (11) provided by the data collection function (10).

[0102] Here, model deployment / update (13) can be used to initially deploy a trained, validated, and tested AI model to the model inference function (30) or to provide an updated model to the model inference function (30).

[0103] The model inference function (30) may correspond to a function that provides an AI model inference output (16) (e.g., a prediction or a decision). The model inference function (30) may provide model performance feedback (14) to the model training function (20) where applicable. Additionally, the model inference function (30) may be responsible for data preparation (e.g., data pre-processing and cleaning, formatting and transformation, etc.) based on the inference data (12) provided by the data collection function (10) if necessary.

[0104] Here, output (16) refers to the inference output of an AI model generated by the model inference function (30), and the details of the inference output may vary depending on the use case.

[0105] Model performance feedback (14) can be used to monitor the performance of the AI ​​model if available, and this feedback may be omitted.

[0106] The actor function (40) is a function that receives an output (16) from the model inference function (30) and triggers or performs a corresponding operation / action. The actor function (40) can trigger an operation / action on another entity (e.g., one or more terminals, one or more RAN nodes, one or more network nodes, etc.) or on itself.

[0107] Feedback (15) can be used to derive training data (11) and inference data (12), or to monitor the performance of the AI ​​model, the impact on the network, etc.

[0108] Meanwhile, the definitions of training, validation, and testing in data sets used in AI / ML can be distinguished as follows.

[0109] - Training data: Refers to the dataset used to train a model.

[0110] - Validation data: This refers to a dataset used to validate a model that has already been trained. Validation data typically refers to a dataset used to prevent overfitting of the training dataset. Additionally, validation data can refer to a dataset used to select the best model among the various models trained during the learning process. Therefore, validation can be viewed as a type of training.

[0111] - Test data: Refers to the dataset for final evaluation. This data is unrelated to training.

[0112] For example, within the entire dataset, training data and validation data can be divided in a ratio of approximately 8:2 or 7:3. Alternatively, within the entire dataset, training data:validation data:test data can be divided in a ratio of 6:2:2.

[0113] Depending on whether the base station and the terminal possess the capability for AI / ML functions, the cooperation level can be defined as follows, and variations resulting from the combination of multiple levels below or the separation of any one level are also possible.

[0114] Category 0a: This corresponds to a no collaboration framework. In this case, the AI / ML algorithm is based on pure implementation and may not require changes to the wireless interface.

[0115] Category 0b: Corresponds to a framework that involves a wireless interface modified to fit efficient implementation-based AI / ML algorithms but lacks cooperation.

[0116] Category 1: This applies to cases involving inter-node support to improve the AI / ML algorithms of each node. For example, it applies when a terminal receives support from a base station (for training, adaptation, etc.), and vice versa. At this level, model exchange between network nodes is not required.

[0117] Category 2: This applies to cases where joint ML operations between a terminal and a base station can be performed. This level requires AI / ML model commands or exchanges between network nodes.

[0118] The functions exemplified in Figure 5 above may be implemented at RAN nodes (e.g., base station, TRP, base station CU, etc.), network nodes, network operator's OAM (operation administration maintenance), or terminals.

[0119] Alternatively, two or more entities among a RAN, a network node, a network operator's OAM, or a terminal may cooperate to implement the functions exemplified in FIG. 5. For example, one entity may perform some of the functions of FIG. 5, and another entity may perform the remaining functions. As such, some of the functions exemplified in FIG. 5 are performed by a single entity (e.g., a terminal, a RAN node, a network node, etc.), the transmission / provision of data / information between each function may be omitted. For example, if the model training function (20) and the model inference function (30) are performed by the same entity, the transmission / provision of model distribution / update (13) and model performance feedback (14) may be omitted.

[0120] Alternatively, any one of the functions exemplified in FIG. 5 may be performed by two or more entities among the RAN, network node, network operator's OAM, or terminal in collaboration. This may be referred to as a split AI operation.

[0121] FIG. 6 illustrates an example of operations related to AI model training and AI model inference to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0122] For example, the AI ​​model training function can be performed by network nodes (e.g., core network nodes, network operator's OAM, etc.), and the AI ​​model inference function can be performed by RAN nodes (e.g., base station, TRP, base station's CU, etc.).

[0123] Step 1: RAN Node 1 and RAN Node 2 can transmit input data (e.g., training data) for training an AI model to a network node. Here, RAN Node 1 and RAN Node 2 can also transmit data collected from terminals to the network node (e.g., terminal measurements related to RSRP (reference signal received power), RSRQ (reference signal received quality), and SINR (signal to interference-plus-noise ratio) of the serving cell and neighboring cells, terminal location, speed, etc.).

[0124] Step 2: Network nodes can train AI models using the received training data.

[0125] Step 3: The network node can distribute / update the AI ​​model to RAN Node 1 and / or RAN Node 2. RAN Node 1 (and / or RAN Node 2) may also continue model training based on the received AI model.

[0126] For the sake of convenience of explanation, it is assumed that the AI ​​model was deployed / updated only to RAN Node 1.

[0127] Step 4: RAN Node 1 can receive input data (e.g., inference data) for AI model inference from the terminal and RAN Node 2.

[0128] Step 5: RAN Node 1 can perform AI model inference using the received inference data to generate output data (e.g., prediction or decision).

[0129] Step 6: If applicable, RAN node 1 can send model performance feedback to network nodes.

[0130] Step 7: RAN Node 1, RAN Node 2, and the terminal (or 'RAN Node 1 and the terminal', or 'RAN Node 1 and RAN Node 2') can perform an action based on the output data. For example, in the case of a load balancing action, the terminal may move from RAN Node 1 to RAN Node 2.

[0131] Step 8: RAN Node 1 and RAN Node 2 can transmit feedback information to network nodes.

[0132] FIG. 7 illustrates another example of operations related to AI model training and AI model inference to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0133] For example, both AI model training and AI model inference functions can be performed by RAN nodes (e.g., base station, TRP, base station's CU, etc.).

[0134] Step 1: The terminal and RAN node 2 can transmit input data (e.g., training data) for training an AI model to RAN node 1.

[0135] Step 2: RAN Node 1 can train an AI model using the received training data.

[0136] Step 3: RAN Node 1 can receive input data (e.g., inference data) for AI model inference from the terminal and RAN Node 2.

[0137] Step 4: RAN Node 1 can perform AI model inference using the received inference data to generate output data (e.g., prediction or decision).

[0138] Step 5: RAN Node 1, RAN Node 2, and the terminal (or 'RAN Node 1 and the terminal', or 'RAN Node 1 and RAN Node 2') can perform an action based on the output data. For example, in the case of a load balancing action, the terminal may move from RAN Node 1 to RAN Node 2.

[0139] Step 6: RAN Node 2 can send feedback information to RAN Node 1.

[0140] FIG. 8 illustrates another example of operations related to AI model training and AI model inference to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0141] For example, the AI ​​model training function may be performed by a RAN node (e.g., base station, TRP, base station CU, etc.), and the AI ​​model inference function may be performed by a terminal.

[0142] Step 1: A terminal can transmit input data (e.g., training data) for training an AI model to a RAN node. Here, the RAN node can collect data (e.g., terminal measurements related to RSRP, RSRQ, SINR of the serving cell and neighboring cells, terminal location, velocity, etc.) from various terminals and / or other RAN nodes.

[0143] Step 2: The RAN node can train an AI model using the received training data.

[0144] Step 3: The RAN node can distribute / update the AI ​​model to the terminal. The terminal may also continue model training based on the received AI model.

[0145] Step 4: Input data (e.g., inference data) for AI model inference can be received from terminals and RAN nodes (and / or other terminals).

[0146] Step 5: The terminal can perform AI model inference using the received inference data to generate output data (e.g., prediction or decision).

[0147] Step 6: If applicable, the terminal can transmit model performance feedback to the RAN node.

[0148] Step 7: The terminal and the RAN node can perform actions based on the output data.

[0149] Step 8: The terminal can transmit feedback information to the RAN node.

[0150] THz communication

[0151] Data transmission rates can be increased by expanding bandwidth. This can be achieved by using sub-THz communication with wide bandwidth and applying advanced large-scale MIMO technology. THz waves, also known as sub-millimeter radiation, generally refer to a frequency band between 0.1 THz and 10 THz with corresponding wavelengths ranging from 0.03 mm to 3 mm. The 100 GHz–300 GHz band range (sub-THz band) is considered the primary portion of the THz band for cellular communication. Adding the sub-THz band to the mmWave band increases 6G cellular communication capacity. Among the defined THz bands, the 300 GHz–3 THz band is located in the far-infrared (IR) frequency band. Although the 300 GHz–3 THz band is part of the broadband, it lies at the boundary of the broadband and immediately following the RF band. Therefore, this 300 GHz–3 THz band exhibits similarities to RF.

[0152] FIG. 9 shows an electromagnetic spectrum to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0153] Key characteristics of THz communication include (i) widely available bandwidth to support very high data transmission rates, and (ii) high path loss occurring at high frequencies (highly directional antennas are indispensable). The narrow beam width generated by highly directional antennas reduces interference. The small wavelength of THz signals allows a much larger number of antenna elements to be integrated into devices and BSs operating in this band. This enables the use of advanced adaptive array technologies that can overcome range limitations.

[0154] When transmitting system information (e.g., MIB) of a cell in the THz frequency band, it can be inefficient because, in the case of high frequency bands, beam sweeping must be performed more frequently to cover the entire area of ​​the cell as the beam width becomes narrower. In particular, transmitting system information using this method is even more inefficient when there are not many users in the cell.

[0155] FIG. 10 illustrates an exemplary system information transmission / reception procedure to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0156] The example of FIG. 10 is applicable not only to THz communication environments but also to 6G communication environments where THz communication is not applied. In addition, the procedure exemplified in FIG. 10 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure described below. For example, embodiments described below can be performed based on system information obtained by the procedure exemplified in FIG. 10.

[0157] In step S1010, the second node (120) (e.g., a base station) can transmit system information of cell #1 through cell #2. For example, the base station provides at least two cells, cell #1 uses a THz frequency band, and cell #2 uses a frequency band other than the THz frequency band. Here, the system information may include at least one of a system frame number (SFN) generated at a higher layer, a PDCCH configuration for SIB1, cell barring, cell re-selection, and subcarrier spacing, and may include at least one of a synchronization signal / PBCH (physical broadcast channel) block index generated at a physical layer. To this end, as an example, cell #1 and cell #2 may have a secondary cell and primary cell relationship.

[0158] In step S1030, the first node (110) (e.g., a terminal) can acquire synchronization for cell #1. Synchronization can be acquired by detecting a synchronization signal. Generally, synchronization is acquired prior to receiving system information, but since the system information of cell #1 is received in cell #2, the acquisition of synchronization for cell #1 can be performed after receiving system information. For example, the terminal can acquire synchronization based on system information. Alternatively, the acquisition of synchronization may be performed prior to step S1010.

[0159] In step S1050, the first node (110) may transmit a signal to connect to cell #1. For example, the signal may include a random access preamble. The structure of such a signal and the resource for transmitting the signal (e.g., a channel) may be identified through system information. Subsequently, in step S1070, the first node (110) and the second node (120) may perform a connection procedure to cell #1 and perform communication.

[0160] The procedure described with reference to FIG. 10 may be performed when the first node (110) first connects to cell #1 of the second node (120). Alternatively, a similar procedure may be performed when the first node (110) handovers to cell #1 of the second node (120). However, in the case of a handover, the system information of cell #1 may be received from a cell of a different base station other than cell #2 of the second node (120).

[0161] Communication in the THz band is expected to experience severe path loss, and to overcome this, terminals and base stations may be required to use very sharp beams. The use of sharp beams implies that terminals and base stations must perform beam control in addition to beamforming, meaning that a very large number of beams are utilized. Consequently, aligning the transmit and receive beams between the base station and the terminal takes a very long time. Furthermore, if the beam alignment between the base station and the terminal is disrupted due to the movement of the terminal, time is frequently required to realign the beams, which may lead to link instability.

[0162] FIG. 11 illustrates an exemplary beam management procedure to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0163] Figure 11 illustrates an example of a procedure for searching and / or selecting beams for THz communication, but this procedure is not limited to a THz environment and can also be applied in a 6G communication environment where THz communication is not applied.

[0164] Here, the term "beam" can be interpreted as other terms having equivalent technical meanings capable of distinguishing beams, such as "spatial domain filter," "spatial domain transmit filter," "spatial domain receive filter," reference signal (RS) resources for distinguishing beams, and SSB index.

[0165] In step S1110, the second node (120) (e.g., base station) may set resources for beam management to the first node (110) (e.g., terminal). Here, the resources may include at least one of time-frequency resources, channels, and spatial resources (e.g., antenna ports). For example, the base station may utilize a beam search signal (BSS) that is transmitted spatially separated from the existing downlink signal / channel for beam search. Here, the BSS may be transmitted based on a dedicated port for beam search. The dedicated port may be a port different from the port used for transmitting the existing downlink signal / channel (e.g., SSB, PDSCH (physical downlink shared channel), etc.). BSS is a term defined for convenience of explanation, and the technical concept according to the present embodiment is not limited to the term BSS itself. For example, a signal transmitted based on a dedicated port defined / set for beam search may be included in the technical concept according to the present embodiment.

[0166] In step S1130, the second node (120) (e.g., a base station) transmits measurement signals using multiple transmission beams. For example, the measurement signals may include at least one of a reference signal and a synchronization signal. At this time, the measurement signals may be transmitted as many times as the number of beams requiring measurement, and may be transmitted using a multi-beam transmission method that forms multiple beams simultaneously to reduce sweeping time. Here, multi-beam transmission may be performed based on at least one of a multi-panel, a sub-array, or a true time delay (TTD).

[0167] In step S1150, the first node (110) (e.g., a terminal) may transmit a feedback signal to the second node (120) (e.g., a base station). The feedback signal may indicate at least one beam selected by the terminal. The terminal may select at least one preferred beam based on the measurement signals received in step S1130.

[0168] In step S1170, the first node (110) and the second node (120) can communicate. For example, the second node (120) can perform transmission to the first node (110) using the receiving beam of the first node (110) selected in step S1150. If channel reciprocity is established, the transmission beam of the first node (110) can also be determined through steps S1130 and S1150, so the transmission operation from the first node (110) can also be performed using a beam that has a reciprocity relationship with the beam selected in step S1150. If channel reciprocity is not established, a procedure including the transmission of measurement signal(s) by the first node (110) and the transmission of feedback signal(s) by the second node (120) may be performed first to determine the transmission beam of the first node (110).

[0169] Non-terrestrial networks (NTN)

[0170] FIGS. 12 and FIGS. 13 show examples of NTN scenarios to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0171] NTN can represent a network or network segment that uses RF (radio frequency) resources mounted on a satellite (or UAS (unmanned aerial system) platform).

[0172] Figure 12 shows an example of a typical scenario of an NTN based on a transparent payload, and Figure 13 shows an example of a typical scenario of an NTN based on a regenerative payload.

[0173] Referring to FIG. 12, the satellite (or UAS platform) can establish a service link with a terminal. The satellite (or UAS platform) can be connected to a gateway via a feeder link. The satellite can be connected to a data network via the gateway. A beam footprint may refer to an area where signals transmitted by the satellite can be received.

[0174] Referring to FIG. 13, a satellite (or UAS platform) can establish a service link with a terminal. The satellite (or UAS platform) connected to the terminal can be connected to another satellite (or UAS platform) via inter-satellite links (ISL). Another satellite (or UAS platform) can be connected to a gateway via a feeder link. Based on a regenerated payload, the satellite can be connected to a data network via another satellite and a gateway. If no ISL exists between the satellite and another satellite, a feeder link between the satellite and the gateway may be required.

[0175] FIGS. 12 and 13 are merely examples of NTN scenarios, and NTN can be implemented based on various scenarios. For example, a satellite (or UAS platform) can implement a transparent or regenerative (with on-board processing) payload. For example, a satellite (or UAS platform) can generate multiple beams across a designated service area depending on the field of view of the satellite (or UAS platform). For example, the field of view of the satellite (or UAS platform) may vary depending on the on-board antenna diagram and the minimum elevation angle.

[0176] For example, the transparent payload may include radio frequency filtering, frequency conversion, and amplification. Therefore, the waveform signal repeated by the payload may not be altered.

[0177] For example, the regeneration payload may include radio frequency filtering, frequency conversion and amplification, demodulation / decoding, switching and / or routing, and coding / modulation. For example, the regeneration payload may be substantially the same as carrying all or part of the base station functions on a satellite (or UAS platform).

[0178] Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC)

[0179] Wireless sensing is a technology that utilizes radio frequencies to determine the instantaneous linear velocity, angle, distance (or range) of an object, thereby obtaining information about the characteristics of the environment and / or objects within that environment. Since radio frequency sensing capabilities do not require connecting to objects via devices within a network, they can provide services for determining object locations without the need for devices. The ability to obtain range, velocity, and angle information from radio frequency signals can provide a wide range of new functions, such as various object detection and recognition (e.g., vehicles, humans, animals, UAVs), as well as high-precision localization, tracking, and activity recognition. Wireless sensing services can provide information to various industries (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicles, smart homes, V2X, factories, railways, public safety, etc.) that enable applications such as intruder detection, assisted vehicle steering and navigation, trajectory tracking, collision avoidance, traffic management, and health and traffic management. In some cases, wireless sensing may utilize non-3GPP type sensors (e.g., radar, cameras) to further support 3GPP-based sensing. For example, the operation of a wireless sensing service, such as sensing operations, may depend on the transmission, reflection, and scattering processing of wireless sensing signals. Therefore, wireless sensing can provide an opportunity to enhance existing communication systems from communication networks to wireless communication and sensing networks.

[0180] FIG. 14 shows examples of sensing operations to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0181] Specifically, FIG. 14(a) illustrates an example of monostatic sensing operation using a sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter located at the same position. FIG. 14(b) illustrates an example of bistatic sensing operation using a sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter located at separate positions. A sensing receiver receives a signal that is reflected or scattered by a sensing object from a sensing signal transmitted from a sensing transmitter, and can extract or acquire sensing data based on the received signal. A sensing result can be generated or determined through appropriate processing of this sensing data. The sensing result can be provided to a trusted third-party entity or service outside the 3GPP system via an entity or service within the 3GPP system.

[0182] Multiple TRP (M-TRP) related operations

[0183] FIG. 15 illustrates a multiple TRP transmission method in a wireless communication system to which the present disclosure may be applied.

[0184] Referring to FIG. 15(a), a case is shown in which layer groups transmitting the same codeword (CW) / transport block (TB) correspond to different TRPs. In this case, a layer group may refer to a set of layers consisting of one or more layers. In this case, the amount of transmission resources increases due to the number of layers, which has the advantage of allowing robust channel coding with a low code rate for the TB. Additionally, since the channels differ from the multiple TRPs, the reliability of the received signal can be expected to improve based on diversity gain.

[0185] Referring to FIG. 15(b), an example is shown of transmitting different CWs through layer groups corresponding to different TRPs. In this case, it can be assumed that the TBs corresponding to CW #1 and CW #2 in the figure are identical. That is, CW #1 and CW #2 each represent the same TB that has been converted into different CWs through channel coding, etc., by different TRPs. Therefore, it can be viewed as an example of repeated transmission of the same TB. In the case of FIG. 15(b), compared to FIG. 15(a) mentioned earlier, there may be a disadvantage in that the code rate corresponding to the TB is high. However, it has the advantage of being able to adjust the code rate by indicating different RV (redundancy version) values ​​for the encoded bits generated from the same TB depending on the channel environment, or to adjust the modulation order of each CW.

[0186] According to the method exemplified in FIGS. 15(a) and 15(b) above, the same TB is repeatedly transmitted through different layer groups, and as each layer group is transmitted by different TRPs / panels, the probability of data reception by the terminal can be increased. This is referred to as the SDM (Spatial Division Multiplexing) based M-TRP URLLC transmission method. Layers belonging to different layer groups are each transmitted through DMRS ports belonging to different DMRS CDM groups.

[0187] In addition, although the above description regarding multiple TRPs was explained based on the spatial division multiplexing (SDM) method using different layers, it goes without saying that this can be extended and applied to the frequency division multiplexing (FDM) method based on different frequency domain resources (e.g., RB / PRB (set), etc.) and / or the time division multiplexing (TDM) method based on different time domain resources (e.g., slot, symbol, sub-symbol, etc.).

[0188] Regarding techniques for multi-TRP-based URLLCs scheduled by a single DCI, the following techniques are being discussed.

[0189] 1) Technique 1 (SDM): Time and frequency resource allocations overlap, and n (n<=Ns) TCI states within a single slot

[0190] 1-a) Technique 1a

[0191] - At each transmission occasion, the same TB is transmitted from one layer or set of layers, and each layer or set of layers is associated with one set of TCI and one DMRS port(s).

[0192] - A single codeword with a single RV is used in all spatial layers or a set of all layers. From the UE perspective, different coded bits are mapped to different layers or a set of layers using the same mapping rules.

[0193] 1-b) Technique 1b

[0194] - At each transmission occasion, the same TB is transmitted from one layer or set of layers, and each layer or set of layers is associated with one set of TCI and one set of DMRS ports.

[0195] - A single codeword with a single RV is used in each spatial layer or in the set of each layer. The RV(s) corresponding to each spatial layer or the set of each layer may be the same or different.

[0196] 1-c) Technique 1c

[0197] - At one transmission occasion, the same TB having one DMRS port associated with multiple TCI state indices is transmitted in one layer, or the same TB having multiple DMRS ports associated one-to-one with multiple TCI state indices is transmitted in one layer.

[0198] In the case of the aforementioned techniques 1a and 1c, the same MCS is applied to all layers or all sets of layers.

[0199] 2) Technique 2 (FDM): Frequency resource allocations do not overlap, and there are n (n<=Nf) TCI states within a single slot.

[0200] - Each non-overlapping frequency resource allocation is associated with one TCI state.

[0201] - The same single / multiple DMRS port(s) are associated with all non-overlapping frequency resource allocations.

[0202] 2-a) Technique 2a

[0203] - A single codeword with a single RV is used for all resource allocations. From the UE's perspective, common RB matching (mapping of codewords to layers) is applied in all resource allocations.

[0204] 2-b) Technique 2b

[0205] A single codeword with a single RV is used for each non-overlapping frequency resource allocation. The RVs corresponding to each non-overlapping frequency resource allocation may be the same or different.

[0206] For the aforementioned technique 2a, the same MCS is applied to all non-overlapping frequency resource allocations.

[0207] 3) Technique 3 (TDM): Time resource allocations do not overlap, and n (n<=Nt1) TCI states within a single slot

[0208] - Each transmission occasion of TB has mini-slot time granularity and has one TCI and one RV.

[0209] - A common MCS is used with a single or multiple DMRS port(s) at every transmission occasion within the slot.

[0210] - RV / TCI can be the same or different at different transmission occasions.

[0211] 4) Technique 4 (TDM): n (n<=Nt2) TCI states in K (n<=K) different slots

[0212] - Each transmission occasion of TB has one TCI and one RV.

[0213] - All transmission occasions across K slots use a common MCS with a single or multiple DMRS port(s).

[0214] - RV / TCI can be the same or different at different transmission occasions.

[0215] Downlink Multiple TRP (M-TRP) URLLC Transport Operation

[0216] The DL M-TRP URLLC transmission method refers to a method in which multiple TRPs transmit the same data / DCI using different spatial (e.g., layer / port) / time / frequency resources. For example, TRP 1 can transmit specific data / DCI from resource 1, and TRP 2 can transmit the said specific data / DCI (i.e., the same data / DCI) from resource 2.

[0217] That is, when the DL M-TRP URLLC transmission method is configured, the terminal can receive the same data / DCI using different spatial / temporal / frequency resources. At this time, the terminal can receive instructions from the base station regarding the QCL RS / type (i.e., DL TCI status) used in the spatial / temporal / frequency resources receiving the data / DCI.

[0218] For example, if the data / DCI is received from resource 1 and resource 2, the terminal may be instructed by the base station on the DL TCI status used in resource 1 and the DL TCI status used in resource 2. By receiving the data / DCI through resource 1 and resource 2, high reliability can be achieved. This M-TRP URLLC transmission method can be applied to PDSCH / PDCCH.

[0219] The UL M-TRP URLLC transmission method refers to a method in which multiple TRPs receive the same data / UCI from a single terminal using different spatial, temporal, and frequency resources. For example, TRP 1 can receive the same data / UCI from the terminal at resource 1, and TRP 2 can receive the same data / UCI from the terminal at resource 2. Additionally, TRP 1 and TRP 2 can share the data / UCI received from the terminal through a backhaul link (connected between the TRPs).

[0220] That is, when the UL M-TRP URLLC transmission method is configured, the terminal can transmit the same data / UCI to each TRP using different spatial / temporal / frequency resources. In this case, the terminal can receive instructions from the base station regarding the Tx beam and Tx power (i.e., UL TCI state) to be used in the spatial / temporal / frequency resources transmitting the same data / UCI. For example, if the same data / UCI is transmitted from Resource 1 and Resource 2, the terminal can receive instructions from the base station regarding the UL TCI state used in Resource 1 and the UL TCI state used in Resource 2. Such UL M-TRP URLLC can be applied to PUSCH / PUCCH.

[0221] In addition, in describing the present disclosure, when receiving / transmitting data / DCI / UCI through a specific space / time / frequency resource, using (or mapping) a specific TCI state (or TCI) may mean, in the case of DL, estimating a channel from DMRS using a QCL type and QCL RS indicated by a specific TCI state in a specific space / time / frequency resource, and receiving / demodulating data / DCI / UCI through the estimated channel.

[0222] And, when receiving / transmitting data / DCI / UCI through a specific space / time / frequency resource, using (or mapping) a specific TCI state (or TCI) may mean, in the case of UL, transmitting / modulating DMRS and data / UCI using the Tx beam and / or Tx power indicated by the specific TCI state in the specific space / time / frequency resource.

[0223] In addition, the UL TCI status may include the terminal's Tx beam or Tx power information. In addition, the base station may set spatial relation information, etc., for the terminal through other parameters instead of the TCI status.

[0224] For example, the UL TCI status may be indicated directly to the terminal via the UL grant DCI. Alternatively, the UL TCI status may refer to spatial relationship information of SRS resources indicated via the SRI (SRS resource indicator) field of the UL grant DCI. Alternatively, the UL TCI status may refer to an open loop (OP) Tx power control parameter associated with a value indicated via the SRI field of the UL grant DCI.

[0225] Here, the OL Tx power control parameters may include, for example, j (an index for the OP parameter(s) Po and alpha (a set of up to 32 parameter values ​​per cell), q_d (an index of the DL RS resource for the PL (path loss) measurement (up to 4 measurements per cell), or / and I (a closed-loop power control process index (up to 2 processes per cell)).

[0226] In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the M-TRP eMBB transmission method refers to a method in which M-TRP transmits different data / DCIs using different spatial / temporal / frequency resources. When the M-TRP eMBB transmission method is configured, the terminal may be instructed by a plurality of TCI states from a base station via the DCI, and it may be assumed that the received data is different data by using the QCL RS indicated by each of the plurality of TCI states.

[0227] In addition, since the RNTI for M-TRP URLLC and the RNTI for M-TRP eMBB are used separately, the terminal can determine whether a specific transmission is an M-TRP URLLC transmission or an M-TRP eMBB transmission. For example, if the RNTI for URLLC is used to mask the DCI with CRC, the terminal can identify the transmission as a URLLC transmission. And, if the RNTI for eMBB is used to mask the DCI with CRC, the terminal can identify the transmission as an eMBB transmission. As another example, the base station can set the M-TRP URLLC transmission / reception method or the M-TRP eMBB transmission / reception method for the terminal through new signaling.

[0228] For convenience of explanation of the present disclosure, it has been assumed that two TRPs cooperate to perform transmission / reception operations, but this is not limited thereto. That is, the present disclosure is applicable to environments with three or more TRPs, and is also applicable to environments where transmission / reception occurs to different panels or beams from the same TRP. A terminal may recognize different TRPs as different TCI states. That a terminal transmits / DCI / UCI using TCI state 1 means that it transmits / DCI / UCI from (or to) TRP 1.

[0229] The present disclosure can be utilized in situations where an M-TRP cooperatively transmits a PDCCH (repeating or splitting the same PDCCH). Additionally, the present disclosure can be utilized in situations where an M-TRP cooperatively transmits a PDSCH or cooperatively receives a PUSCH / PUCCH.

[0230] Furthermore, in describing the present disclosure, the meaning that multiple base stations (i.e., M-TRPs) repeatedly transmit the same PDCCH may mean that the same DCI is transmitted through multiple PDCCH candidates, and is equivalent to the meaning that multiple base stations repeatedly transmit the same DCI. Here, two DCIs with the same DCI format, size, and payload may be considered as identical DCIs.

[0231] Alternatively, even if the payloads of the two DCIs are different, if the scheduling results are identical, the two DCIs can be regarded as the same DCI. For example, the time domain resource allocation (TDRA) field of a DCI can determine the slot / symbol positions of the data and the slot / symbol positions of A(ACK) / N(NACK) relatively based on the time of reception of the DCI.

[0232] In this case, if the DCI received at time n and the DCI received at time n+1 instruct the terminal to have the same scheduling result, the TDRA fields of the two DCIs will differ, and consequently, their DCI payloads will differ. Therefore, even if the payloads of the two DCIs are different, if the scheduling result is the same, the two DCIs can be considered the same DCI. Here, the number of iterations R can be directly instructed by the base station to the terminal or mutually agreed upon.

[0233] Alternatively, even if the payloads of two DCIs are different and their scheduling results are not identical, if the scheduling result of one DCI is a subset of the scheduling result of another DCI, the two DCIs can be considered the same DCI.

[0234] For example, if the same data is TDMed and transmitted N times, DCI 1 received before the first data directs (or schedules) the data to be repeated N times, and DCI 2 received before the second data directs (scheduls) the data to be repeated N-1 times. In this case, the scheduling result (or data) of DCI 2 becomes a subset of the scheduling result (or data) of DCI 1, and both DCIs have scheduling results for the same data. Therefore, even in this case, the two DCIs can be considered the same DCI.

[0235] And, in describing the present disclosure, the statement that a plurality of base stations (i.e., M-TRPs) share and transmit the same PDCCH may mean that one DCI is transmitted through one PDCCH candidate, where TRP 1 transmits some resources defined for the PDCCH candidate and TRP 2 transmits the remaining resources.

[0236] For example, when TRP 1 and TRP 2 divide and transmit PDCCH candidates corresponding to aggregation levels m1 + m2, the PDCCH candidates are divided into PDCCH candidate 1 corresponding to aggregation level m1 and PDCCH candidate 2 corresponding to aggregation level m2, and TRP 1 transmits PDCCH candidate 1 and TRP 2 transmits PDCCH candidate 2. In this case, TRP 1 and TRP 2 may transmit PDCCH candidate 1 and PDCCH candidate 2 using different time / frequency resources. After receiving PDCCH candidate 1 and PDCCH candidate 2, the terminal may generate a PDCCH candidate corresponding to aggregation level m1+m2 and attempt DCI decoding.

[0237] At this time, the method of dividing and transmitting the same DCI to multiple PDCCH candidates can be implemented in the following two ways.

[0238] The first method involves encoding the DCI payload (e.g., control information + CRC) through a single channel encoder (e.g., a polar encoder) and dividing it among two TRPs for transmission. In other words, the first method refers to a process where the coded bits obtained based on the encoding result are divided and transmitted among the two TRPs. Here, the entire DCI payload may be encoded in the coded bits transmitted by each TRP, but this is not limited to this, and only a portion of the DCI payload may be encoded.

[0239] The second method is to divide the DCI payload (e.g., control information + CRC) into two DCIs (e.g., DCI 1 and DCI 2) and then encode each through a channel encoder (e.g., a polar encoder). Afterward, each of the two TRPs can transmit the coded bits corresponding to DCI 1 and the coded bits corresponding to DCI 2 to the terminal.

[0240] That is, the meaning that multiple base stations (M-TRPs) divide / repeat the same PDCCH and transmit it over multiple monitoring occasions (MOs) may mean: 1) that the coded bits encoding the entire DCI content of the PDCCH are repeatedly transmitted through each MO for each base station (S-TRP); 2) that the coded bits encoding the entire DCI content of the PDCCH are divided into multiple parts, and that each base station (S-TRP) transmits a different part through each MO; or 3) that the DCI content of the PDCCH is divided into multiple parts, and that each base station (S-TRP) encodes a different part (i.e., separate encoding) and transmits it through each MO.

[0241] Repeating or splitting the transmission of PDCCH can be understood as transmitting the PDCCH multiple times across several TOs (transmission occasions).

[0242] Here, TO may refer to a specific time or / and frequency resource unit in which the PDCCH is transmitted. For example, if the PDCCH is transmitted multiple times across slots 1, 2, 3, and 4 (to a specific RB), TO may refer to each slot. As another example, if the PDCCH is transmitted multiple times across RB sets 1, 2, 3, and 4 (in a specific slot), TO may refer to each RB set. As yet another example, if the PDCCH is transmitted multiple times across different times and frequencies, TO may refer to each time / frequency resource. Additionally, the TCI state used for DMRS channel estimation may be set differently for each TO, and TOs with different TCI states can be assumed to have been transmitted by different TRPs / panels.

[0243] The fact that multiple base stations repeatedly transmit or split the PDCCH means that the PDCCH is transmitted across multiple TOs, and the union of the TCI states set in the corresponding TOs consists of two or more TCI states. For example, if the PDCCH is transmitted across TOs 1, 2, 3, and 4, TCI states 1, 2, 3, and 4 may be set in each of TOs 1, 2, 3, and 4, which means that TRP i has cooperatively transmitted the PDCCH from TO i.

[0244] In describing the present disclosure, the fact that a terminal repeatedly transmits the same PUSCH to a plurality of base stations (i.e., M-TRP) may mean that the terminal has transmitted the same data through a plurality of PUSCHs, and each PUSCH may be optimized for transmission to the UL channel of a different TRP.

[0245] For example, a terminal can repeatedly transmit the same data via PUSCH 1 and PUSCH 2. In this case, PUSCH 1 is transmitted using UL TCI state 1 for TRP 1, and the PUSCH can be transmitted by scheduling values ​​optimized for the TRP 1 channel for link adaptation, such as a precoder / MCS. PUSCH 2 is transmitted using UL TCI state 2 for TRP 2, and the PUSCH can be transmitted by scheduling values ​​optimized for the TRP 2 channel for link adaptation, such as a precoder / MCS. In this case, the repeatedly transmitted PUSCH 1 and PUSCH 2 can be transmitted at different times and can be TDM, FDM, or SDM.

[0246] In addition, in describing the present disclosure, the statement that a terminal divides and transmits the same PUSCH to multiple base stations (i.e., M-TRPs) may mean that one data is transmitted through one PUSCH, but the resources allocated to that PUSCH are divided and optimized for transmission to the UL channels of different TRPs.

[0247] For example, the terminal can transmit the same data via a 10-symbol PUSCH. In this case, the first 5 symbols of the 10 symbols can be transmitted using UL TCI state 1 for TRP 1, and the terminal can transmit the 5-symbol PUSCH (to TRP 1) by scheduling values ​​optimized for the TRP 1 channel, such as a precoder / MCS and link adaptives. The remaining 5 symbols can be transmitted using UL TCI state 2 for TRP 2, and the terminal can transmit the remaining 5-symbol PUSCH (to TRP 2) by scheduling values ​​optimized for the TRP 2 channel, such as a precoder / MCS and link adaptives.

[0248] In the above example, a method of dividing a single PUSCH into time resources to perform TDM transmission to TRP 1 and transmission to TRP 2 was described, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the terminal may divide and transmit the same PUSCH to multiple base stations by using an FDM / SDM method.

[0249] The terminal can repeatedly transmit a PUCCH to multiple base stations (similar to PUSCH transmission) or divide and transmit the same PUCCH.

[0250] In addition, when multiple TOs are instructed to a terminal to transmit PDCCH / PDSCH / PUSCH / PUCCH repeatedly or in separate transmissions, each TO may transmit a UL toward a specific TRP or receive a DL from a specific TRP. In this case, the UL TO transmitted toward TRP 1 (or the TO of TRP 1) may refer to a TO using the first value among two spatial relations, two UL TCIs, two UL power control parameters, or two PL (pathloss)-RSs instructed to the terminal. And, the UL TO transmitted toward TRP 2 (or the TO of TRP 2) refers to a TO using the second value among two spatial relations, two UL TCIs, two UL power control parameters, and two PL-RSs instructed to the terminal.

[0251] Similarly, when transmitting DL, the DL TO transmitted by TRP 1 (or the TO of TRP 1) refers to a TO using the first value of the two DL TCI states instructed to the terminal (e.g., when two TCI states are set in CORESET), and the DL TO transmitted by TRP 2 (or the TO of TRP 2) may refer to a TO using the second value of the two DL TCI states instructed to the terminal (e.g., when two TCI states are set in CORESET).

[0252] The present disclosure can be extended to various channels such as PUSCH / PUCCH / PDSCH / PDCCH. Furthermore, the present disclosure can be extended to both cases where the channel is transmitted repeatedly over different spatial / temporal / frequency resources and cases where it is transmitted in segments.

[0253] In addition, from the perspective of DCI transmission, M-TRP transmission methods can be divided into i) M-DCI (multiple DCI) based M-TRP transmission methods, where each TRP transmits different DCIs, and ii) S-DCI (single DCI) based M-TRP transmission methods, where a single TRP transmits a DCI. For example, in the case of S-DCI, since all scheduling information for the data transmitted by the M-TRP must be conveyed through a single DCI, it can be used in an ideal BackHaul (BH) environment where dynamic cooperation between two TRPs is possible.

[0254] Improved M-TRP transmission and reception

[0255] Regarding M-TRP transmission and reception in Rel-16 NR standardization, PDSCH transmission and reception based on S-DCI-based M-TRP transmission and M-DCI-based M-TRP transmission are supported.

[0256] First, we will examine the S-DCI-based M-TRP PDSCH transmission method.

[0257] S-DCI-based M-TRP PDSCH transmission may utilize one of the SDM, FDM, or TDM methods. In the case of SDM, the base station transmits a single TB using multiple layers, but layers belonging to different DMRS CDM groups are transmitted via different transmission beams (Tx beams) (i.e., QCL RS or TCI states). This allows for an increase in the number of layers compared to the existing S-TRP transmission method, thereby improving transmission capacity. Additionally, when a single TB is transmitted using multiple layers, some layers are transmitted to TRP 1 and the remaining layers to TRP 2, which can improve channel reliability through diversity gain.

[0258] For FDM, two schemes, 2a and 2b, are supported. Here, scheme 2a transmits a single TB via multi-RB, but transmits RBs belonging to different RB groups to different Tx beams (i.e., QCL RS or TCI state). Scheme 2b transmits the same TB to different RB groups, but transmits RBs belonging to different RB groups to different Tx beams (i.e., QCL RS or TCI state). For TDM, two schemes, 3 and 4, are supported. Here, scheme 4 (i.e., inter-slot TDM) transmits the same TB repeatedly across multiple slots, but transmits slots belonging to different slot groups to different Tx beams (i.e., QCL RS or TCI state). On the other hand, Scheme 3 (i.e., intra-slot TDM) is a method that repeatedly transmits the same TB in multiple OFDM symbol groups, but transmits some OFDM symbol groups and the remaining OFDM symbol groups in different Tx beams (i.e., QCL RS or TCI state).

[0259] Next, we will examine the M-DCI-based M-TRP PDSCH transmission method.

[0260] M-DCI-based MTRP PDSCH transmission is a method in which each TRP schedules and transmits PDSCHs via DCI. That is, TRP 1 transmits PDSCH 1 via DCI 1, and TRP 2 transmits PDSCH 2 via DCI 2. When PDSCH 1 and PDSCH 2 overlap on the same frequency time resource, two PDSCHs are received for the same RE, thereby increasing resource efficiency and transmission capacity. To achieve this, the concept of a CORESET pool, which refers to a group of multiple CORESETs, has been introduced. For example, TRP 1 transmits a PDCCH through a CORESET belonging to CORESET pool 0 and also transmits the PDSCH scheduled by that PDCCH. TRP 2 transmits a PDCCH through a CORESET belonging to CORESET pool 1 and also transmits the PDSCH scheduled by that PDCCH.

[0261] In the case of PUSCH as well, a specific TRP can schedule PUSCH transmissions to the terminal through the CORESETs belonging to each COERSET pool. For example, some PUCCH resources may be scheduled by TRP 1, and the remaining PUCCH resources may be scheduled by TRP 2. The terminal can send independent PUSCH / PUCCH to TRP 1 and 2, respectively.

[0262] Additionally, the terminal may recognize a PUSCH (or PUCCH) scheduled by a DCI received based on a different CORESET (or a CORESET belonging to a different CORESET group) as a PUSCH (or PUCCH) transmitted to a different TRP or as a PUSCH (or PUCCH) of a different TRP. Furthermore, the method for UL transmissions transmitted to different TRPs (e.g., PUSCH / PUCCH) can be applied in the same way to UL transmissions transmitted to different panels belonging to the same TRP.

[0263] Additionally, the CORESET group ID (or, a COERSET pool index having the same meaning) described or mentioned in this disclosure may refer to an index or identification information (e.g., ID) for distinguishing CORESETs for each TRP / panel. Furthermore, a CORESET group may refer to a group or union of CORESETs distinguished by an index or identification information (e.g., ID) or a CORESET group ID for distinguishing CORESETs for each TRP / panel. For example, the CORESET group ID may be specific index information defined within a CORESET configuration. That is, a CORESET group may be set, indicated, or defined by an index defined within the CORESET configuration for each CORESET. And / or, the CORESET group ID may refer to an index, identification information, or indicator for distinguishing or identifying CORESETs configured or associated with each TRP / panel.

[0264] The CORESET group ID described or mentioned in this disclosure may be replaced with a specific index, specific identification information, or specific indicator for distinguishing or identifying between CORESETs set or associated with each TRP / panel. Such information may be set or indicated through higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC-CE, etc.) and / or physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI). For example, PDCCH detection may be set or indicated for each TRP / panel at the level of the CORESET group, and UCI (e.g., CSI, HARQ-ACK / NACK, SR, etc.) and / or uplink physical channel resources (e.g., PUCCH / PRACH / SRS resources) may be set or indicated to be managed / controlled separately for each TRP / panel at the level of the CORESET group. And / or, HARQ ACK / NACK (process / retransmission) for PDSCH / PUSCH, etc., scheduled for each TRP / panel at the CORESET group level can be managed.

[0265] For example, the upper-level parameter ControlResourceSet IE (information element) is used to set a time / frequency control resource set (CORESET). The CORESET may be associated with the detection / reception of downlink control information. The ControlResourceSet IE may include a CORESET-related ID (e.g., controlResourceSetID), a CORESET pool index for the CORESET (e.g., CORESETPoolIndex), a time / frequency resource setting for the CORESET, and TCI information associated with the CORESET. For example, the index of the CORESET pool (e.g., CORESETPoolIndex) may be set to 0 or 1. In the description above in this disclosure, the CORESET group may correspond to the CORESET pool, and the CORESET group ID may correspond to the CORESET pool index (e.g., CORESETPoolIndex). The aforementioned ControlResourceSet (i.e., CORESET) can be configured via upper-level signaling (e.g., RRC signaling).

[0266] Additionally, regarding M-TRP transmission and reception in the Rel-17 NR standardization, M-TRP PDCCH / PDSCH SFN transmission, S-DCI-based M-TRP PUSCH repeated transmission, and single PUCCH resource-based M-TRP PUCCH repeated transmission are supported. These transmission techniques involve the repeated transmission of the same content (i.e., DCI / UL TB / UCI, etc.) as an improvement to the URLLC target for increased reliability. Here, M-TRP PDCCH repeated transmission is performed based on TDM or FDM, M-TRP PDCCH / PDSCH SFN transmission is performed at the same time / frequency / layer, S-DCI-based M-TRP PUSCH repeated transmission is performed based on TDM, and single PUCCH resource-based M-TRP PUCCH repeated transmission is performed based on TDM.

[0267] First, we will examine the S-DCI-based M-TRP PDCCH iterative transmission method.

[0268] In the NR Rel-17 standardization, for M-TRP PDCCH repetitive transmission, multiple CORESETs with different TCI states (i.e., different QCL RS) are configured for the terminal, and multiple SS (Search Space) sets are configured, each connected to a corresponding CORESET. The base station can indicate / configure to the terminal that the SS set connected to one CORESET is linked to the SS set connected to another CORESET for repetitive transmission. Through this, the terminal can know that the PDCCH candidates of the corresponding SS set are being repetitively transmitted.

[0269] For example, two CORESETs, CORESET 0 and CORESET 1, are configured for the terminal, and CORESET 0 and CORESET 1 are connected to SS set 0 and SS set 1, respectively, and SS set 0 and SS set 1 may be linked. The terminal can recognize that the same DCI is repeatedly transmitted in the PDCCH candidate of SS set 0 and the PDCCH candidate of SS set 1, and can recognize that a specific PDCCH candidate of SS set 0 and a specific PDCCH candidate of SS set 1 are a pair configured to repeatedly transmit the same DCI based on a specific rule. These two PDCCH candidates are referred to as linked PDCCH candidates, and the terminal can successfully decode the corresponding DCI if it appropriately receives either of the two PDCCH candidates. However, when the terminal receives a PDCCH candidate of SS set 0, it may use the QCL RS of the TCI state of COERSET 0 connected to SS set 0 (i.e., the DL beam), and when it receives a PDCCH candidate of SS set 1, it may use the QCL RS of the TCI state of COERSET 1 connected to SS set 1 (i.e., the DL beam). Accordingly, the terminal receives the associated PDCCH candidates using different beams.

[0270] Next, we will examine the M-TRP SFN PDCCH / PDSCH transmission method.

[0271] As a form of M-TRP PDCCH repetitive transmission, multiple TRPs can repeatedly transmit the same DCI through the same time / frequency / DMRS port, and this transmission method can be referred to as SFN PDCCH transmission. However, for SFN PDCCH transmission, instead of configuring multiple CORESETs with different TCI states, the base station configures multiple TCI states in a single CORESET. When a terminal receives a PDCCH candidate through an SS set connected to that single CORESET, it can utilize all of the multiple TCI states to perform channel estimation of the PDCCH DMRS and attempt decoding.

[0272] Additionally, when the above-described M-TRP PDSCH is repeatedly transmitted, the two TRPs repeatedly transmit the corresponding channel to different resources. However, if the resources used by the two TRPs are identical, that is, if the same channel is repeatedly transmitted through the same frequency / time / layer (i.e., DMRS port), the reliability of the channel can be improved. In this case, since the resources of the repeatedly transmitted same channel are not distinguished, they are combined and received during transmission (i.e., air), so from the perspective of the receiving end (e.g., terminal), it may be recognized as a single channel (e.g., composite channel). For SFN PDSCH transmission, two DL TCI states for PDSCH DMRS reception may be configured for the terminal.

[0273] Next, we examine the S-DCI-based M-TRP PUSCH iterative transmission method.

[0274] In the NR Rel-17 standardization, for S-DCI-based M-TRP PUSCH transmission, the base station sets two SRS sets for the terminal, each set used to indicate the UL Tx port and UL beam / QCL information for TRP 1 and TRP 2, respectively. Additionally, the base station uses two SRI fields included in a single DCI to indicate SRS resources for each SRS resource set and can indicate up to two PC parameter sets. For example, the first SRI field can indicate the SRS resources and PC parameter sets defined in SRS resource set 0, and the second SRI field can indicate the SRS resources and PC parameter sets defined in SRS resource set 1. The terminal can receive the UL Tx port, PC parameter set, and UL beam / QCL information for TRP 1 through the first SRI field, and thereby the terminal performs PUSCH transmission at the TO corresponding to SRS resource set 0. Similarly, the terminal can be instructed by the UL Tx port, PC parameter set, and UL beam / QCL information for TRP 2 through the second SRI field, and thereby the terminal performs a PUSCH transmission at the TO corresponding to SRS resource set 1.

[0275] Next, we examine the single PUCCH resource-based M-TRP PUCCH iterative transmission method.

[0276] In the NR Rel-17 standardization, for M-TRP PUCCH transmission based on a single PUCCH resource, a base station may enable / configure two spatial relation infos to the terminal on the single PUCCH resource (or enable / configure two PC parameter sets if it is FR1). When a UL UCI is transmitted through the said PUCCH resource, each spatial relation info is used to instruct the terminal on the spatial relation info for TRP 1 and TRP 2, respectively. For example, through the value indicated by the first spatial relation info, the terminal is instructed on the Tx beam / PC parameter(s) for TRP 1, and the terminal uses this information to perform PUCCH transmission at the TO corresponding to TRP 1. Similarly, through the value indicated by the second spatial relation info, the terminal is instructed on the Tx beam / PC parameter(s) for TRP 2, and the terminal uses this information to perform PUCCH transmission at the TO corresponding to TRP 2.

[0277] In addition, for repeated M-TRP PUCCH transmission, the configuration method has been improved so that two spatial relation infos can be configured in the PUCCH resource. That is, if power control (PC) parameters such as PLRS, Alpha, P0, and Closed loop index are configured in each spatial relation info, a spatial relation RS can be configured. Consequently, PC information and spatial relation RS information corresponding to two TRPs can be configured through the two spatial relation infos. Through this, the terminal transmits a UCI (i.e., CSI, ACK / NACK, SR, etc.) PUCCH using the first spatial relation info in the first TO, and transmits the same UCI PUCCH using the second spatial relation info in the second TO. In the present disclosure, a PUCCH resource with two spatial relation infos configured is referred to as an M-TRP PUCCH resource, and a PUCCH resource with one spatial relation info configured is referred to as an S-TRP PUCCH resource.

[0278] In addition, in an NR wireless communication system, S-DCI-based multi-TB PUSCH / PDSCH scheduling may be considered. For example, in the ultra-high frequency band (e.g., beyond 5.26 GHz, FR2 band) of an NR wireless communication system (e.g., a Rel-17-based NR system), a method in which a single DCI simultaneously schedules multiple PUSCHs / PDSCHs may be supported.

[0279] As a specific example, multiple time resources (e.g., TDRA, TO (Transmission Occasion)) can be indicated simultaneously through the time resource allocation field (e.g., TDRA field) of the DCI scheduling PUSCH. In this case, different TBs can be transmitted via PUSCH for each TO. The values ​​of the frequency resource allocation field (e.g., FDRA field), the Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) field, the Transmitted Precoding Matrix Indicator (TPMI) field, and / or the SRS Resource Indicator (SRI) field of the corresponding DCI can be applied commonly to multiple TBs being scheduled. Additionally, the New Data Indicator (NDI) and Redundancy Version (RV) for each TB are indicated individually through the corresponding DCI, and while a single HARQ number is indicated, it can increase sequentially in the order of TOs based on the initial TO.

[0280] In addition, regarding NR wireless communication systems, a method in which a terminal simultaneously transmits multiple channels / RS of the same type or multiple channels / RS of different types may be considered.

[0281] In the case of existing terminals, the operation of transmitting multiple channels / RSs at a single time was limited. For example, a terminal can simultaneously transmit multiple SRS resources from different sets of SRS resources for UL beam management, but cannot simultaneously transmit multiple PUSCHs. In contrast, future advanced terminals may be considered to relax the above limitations and transmit multiple channels / RSs simultaneously using multiple transmission panels. Such a terminal may be referred to as an STxMP (simultaneous transmission across multi-panel) terminal.

[0282] For example, a method may be applied in which two PUSCHs corresponding to two UL TBs (i.e., a first PUSCH and a second PUSCH) are scheduled in the same RE (resource element), and a first spatial information RS and a first PC (power control) parameter set are set for the first PUSCH, and a second spatial information RS and a second PC parameter set are set for the second PUSCH. That is, a first UL TCI state may be set for the first PUSCH, and a second UL TCI state may be set for the second PUSCH. In this case, the terminal may transmit the first PUSCH using a first Tx spatial filter (e.g., a first panel) corresponding to the first UL TCI state, and transmit the second PUSCH using a second Tx spatial filter (e.g., a second panel) corresponding to the second UL TCI state.

[0283] In this regard, when a base station schedules a PUSCH via DCI, the base station may instruct the terminal on which of the following to apply as the PUSCH transmission method: STxMP, a single panel-based method, or an M-TRP-based PUSCH iterative transmission method. Here, the STxMP method is possible only if the terminal supports STxMP capability, and the STxMP mode must be enabled in advance for the terminal through RRC signaling, etc. To this end, the existing SRS resource set indication field may be redefined, or a new DCI field may be introduced.

[0284] Additionally, regarding the aforementioned STxMP transmission method, two methods can be considered: the SFN (single frequency network) method and the SDM (spatial division multiplexing) method.

[0285] Specifically, the SFN method is a method of transmitting the same channel as transmitted from one panel to another panel. In this case, since the UL channels of each panel may differ, UL transmission can be performed by using different precoders, different transmission powers, and different transmission beams (e.g., spatial relationship RS indicated by UL TCI status) for each panel, taking this into consideration.

[0286] The SDM method is a method applicable to transmissions based on ranks greater than or equal to 2, in which some layers of a multi-layer system are transmitted from one panel and the remaining layers are transmitted from another panel. For example, in the case of an SDM method for 2-layer transmission, the first layer may be transmitted from the first panel and the second layer may be transmitted from the second panel. In this case, since the UL channels of each panel may differ, UL transmission may be performed by taking this into account and using different precoders, different transmission powers, and different transmission beams (e.g., spatial relationship RS indicated by the UL TCI status) for each panel.

[0287] The panels described in this disclosure may be replaced with other resources / terms corresponding to the panels.

[0288] For example, different panels may be mapped to different SRS resource sets or SRS resources. As a specific example, the first panel may be mapped to SRS resource set 0, and the second panel may be mapped to SRS resource set 1. In this case, the SRS resource(s) belonging to SRS resource set 0 may be associated with the (transmitting) antenna port of the first panel, and the SRS resource(s) belonging to SRS resource set 1 may be associated with the (transmitting) antenna port of the second panel.

[0289] In addition, in NR radio communication systems, through DL DCI (e.g., DCI format 1_1 / 1_2, etc.), both DL TCI status and UL TCI status can be indicated, or only UL TCI status can be indicated without indicating DL TCI status. Through this, the method(s) used for UL spatial information (e.g., UL beam) and PC (power control) settings in existing NR radio communication systems (e.g., NR systems in Rel-15 / 16) can be replaced or extended and applied as a method for indicating UL TCI status.

[0290] As a specific example, a single UL TCI status may be indicated through the TCI field of the DL DCI, and that UL TCI status may be applied to all PUSCH / PUCCH after a certain period of time (e.g., beam application time). Additionally, that UL TCI status may be applied to some or all of the set of SRS resources.

[0291] In this regard, a method of indicating multiple UL TCI states (and / or DL ​​TCI states) through the TCI field of DL DCI may also be considered.

[0292] Definition / setting of TRP groups and method for determining / assuming codewords based thereon

[0293] In existing wireless communication systems (e.g., 5G / NR systems), the number of TRPs participating in coordination may be limited to two in M-TRP transmission and / or M-TRP reception techniques. However, in next-generation wireless communication systems (e.g., 6G systems), it may be required to increase the number of TRPs to three or more to achieve higher throughput and reliability.

[0294] In addition, M-TRP transmission and / or M-TRP reception techniques may be considered not only for homogeneous TRPs with identical conditions / states between TRPs, but also for heterogeneous TRPs with different conditions / states between TRPs. For example, channel conditions between TRPs, antenna coherence status, time sync / frequency sync / phase sync status, backhaul link capacity / latency, DL / UL support status, antenna configuration, transmit power, coverage, etc., may differ, and support for standard technologies for cooperative communication between such heterogeneous TRPs may be required.

[0295] In consideration of the foregoing, the present disclosure proposes a method for establishing a TRP group for cooperative communication between heterogeneous TRPs and a method for determining an M-TRP transmission technique and / or an M-TRP reception technique based on the TRP group establishment. Additionally, a method for performing CSI measurement / reporting based on the said TRP group establishment is proposed.

[0296] Example 1

[0297] The present embodiment relates to a method for defining / setting / instructing a TRP group and a method for determining an M-TRP transmission / reception technique based thereon.

[0298] In relation to the proposed method of the present disclosure, a method for setting a TRP for a terminal in a wireless communication system (e.g., a 5G / NR system) may be as follows.

[0299] In addition to the method of transmitting and receiving M-TRPs between TRPs with different cell IDs, the method of transmitting and receiving M-TRPs between TRPs with the same cell ID may also be supported. For the latter case, the terminal may distinguish TRPs through method(s) other than cell ID. For example, one TRP may correspond to one CORESET pool index, or one QCL source RS, or one UL / DL TCI state.

[0300] Specifically, in the case of the M-DCI-based M-TRP method, a terminal can recognize and operate one TRP corresponding to one CORESET pool index. For example, channels connected to pool index = 0 (e.g., PDCCH / PDSCH / PUSCH / PUCCH) all operate as channels transmitted / received by TRP 0, and channels connected to pool index = 1 (e.g., PDCCH / PDSCH / PUSCH / PUCCH) all operate as channels transmitted / received by TRP 1.

[0301] In contrast, in the case of the S-DCI-based M-TRP method, the terminal can recognize and operate a single TRP corresponding to a single UL / DL TCI state. For example, the base station may indicate one or two TCI states applicable to the UL / DL channel. If one TCI state is indicated, one TRP operates to transmit and receive on that channel, and if two TCIs are indicated, two TRPs can operate to transmit and receive on that channel. For each TCI state, a QCL type and a QCL source RS can be set, and based on this, channel attributes necessary for channel estimation can be identified. Since channel attributes for the DL / UL channel between the terminal and the TRP may vary by TRP, different QCL source RSs need to be set to identify the DL / UL channel attributes of different TRPs. To this end, the base station may set two TCI states corresponding to two TRPs for the terminal.

[0302] Additionally or alternatively, in the case of a UL, one TRP may correspond to one SRS resource set or one spatial relation info / RS. Specifically, for a UL M-TRP, the terminal may be configured with two SRS resource sets corresponding to two TRPs, or may be configured with two spatial relation info / RS. By the terminal transmitting a PUSCH / PUCCH using the configured two SRS resource sets or two spatial relation info / RS, an M-TRP-based PUSCH / PUCCH transmission may be performed.

[0303] In this disclosure, it is assumed that for the purpose of setting a TRP group, one TRP is set to one TCI state for the terminal; however, this is merely an example, and the TRP can be set based on various methods described above. For example, one TRP can be set to a CORESET pool index, QCL source RS, cell ID, SRS resource set, spatial relationship information / RS, terminal transmit beam ID, terminal receive beam ID, base station transmit beam ID, or base station receive beam ID. In this case as well, the proposed method of this disclosure may be applied, and the proposed TCI state group may be applied by substituting it with a group of CORESET pool indexes, a group of QCL source RS, a group of cell IDs, a group of SRS resource sets, a group of spatial relationship information / RS, a group of terminal transmit beam IDs, a group of terminal receive beam IDs, a group of base station transmit beam IDs, a group of base station receive beam IDs, etc.

[0304] A terminal may receive multiple TCI state groups from a base station, and one or more TCI states may be set within a single TCI state group. For example, a terminal may receive TCI states {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8} from a base station, wherein TCI state group 1 may be set to TCI states {1, 2, 3, 4} and TCI state group 2 may be set to TCI states {5, 6, 7, 8}. In this regard, the TRP(s) corresponding to TCI state group 1 and the TRP(s) corresponding to TCI state group 2 may have different attributes in various aspects, and TRPs belonging to a single group may have the same attributes. For example, various aspects may include channel conditions between TRPs, antenna coherence status, time synchronization / frequency synchronization / phase synchronization status, backhaul link capacity / latency, DL / UL support status, antenna configuration, transmit power, coverage, etc.

[0305] The setting of the aforementioned TRP state group can be performed via RRC (radio resource control) signaling and / or MAC-CE signaling, or via DCI. In the latter case, based on multiple or one PDCCH / CORESET connected to each other, multiple DCIs may each indicate the TCI state of a different TCI state group. For example, DCIs 1, 2, and 3 having such a connection relationship may each indicate the TCI state belonging to TCI state groups 1, 2, and 3. Additionally or alternatively, N TCI fields corresponding to N TCI state groups may be defined in a single DCI, and the i-th field may indicate the TCI state belonging to the i-th TCI state group. The base station may not set the TCI state in a specific TCI group (e.g., using a code point value = NA or pending), in which case the TRP belonging to that TCI group may not participate in cooperative transmission.

[0306] The criteria for establishing TCI state groups may be based on the various aspects described above. In this disclosure, a method for establishing TCI state groups and a method for determining M-TRP techniques are described below, using several of these aspects as examples. The embodiments described below are distinguished solely for clarity of explanation; however, the method proposed in each embodiment may be applied independently or simultaneously in combination with the method of another embodiment.

[0307] The embodiments described below are described from the perspective of a specific DL channel (e.g., PDSCH) for clarity of explanation, but this may be applied equally to other DL channels (e.g., PDCCH) and / or UL channels (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH). Additionally, the embodiments described below are described using the case where two TCI groups are set as a representative example, but this may be extended to the case where N TCI groups are set.

[0308] Example 1-1

[0309] This embodiment relates to a method for establishing TCI state groups based on the channel conditions of TRP.

[0310] TRPs can be classified into high-channel-quality and low-channel-quality TRPs based on the channel quality between the terminal and the TRP (e.g., SINR, CQI, MCS, etc.). This channel quality may refer to a semi-static quality determined by factors such as blockage, propagation loss, path loss, shadowing, and maximum transmit power, rather than a dynamically changing channel quality such as small-scale fading (or fast fading). For example, TRPs with high maximum transmit power and those with low maximum transmit power may be grouped differently, or TRPs near the terminal and those far away may be grouped differently. Alternatively, since TRPs with a large number of antennas have a higher beamforming gain, TRPs may be grouped according to the number of antennas.

[0311] In next-generation wireless communication systems (e.g., 6G systems), three or more TRPs may need to participate in M-TRP transmission and reception to achieve higher throughput and reliability, and as the number of TRPs increases, the channel quality of the TRPs may differ. Therefore, grouping TRPs based on channel quality enables more efficient resource allocation and scheduling. For example, since independent MCS configuration, rank configuration, and HARQ operations are possible for each codeword (CW), it can be agreed upon / defined to map each TCI state group to a different CW for transmission. If the MCS / rank, etc., may differ for each CW, and additionally vary due to the number of PDSCH REs, the size of each CW's transport block (TB) can be determined by considering the number of PDSCH REs, MCS, and rank for each CW.

[0312] As a specific example, a terminal may receive TCI states {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8} from a base station, TCI state group 1 may be set to TCI states {1, 2, 3, 4}, and TCI state group 2 may be set to TCI states {5, 6, 7, 8}. In this case, the TRP(s) corresponding to TCI state group 1 and the TRP(s) corresponding to TCI state group 2 have different attributes in terms of channel quality, and TRPs belonging to one group may have the same attributes.

[0313] In this case, if the TCI state applied to PDSCH is set to TCI state {1, 2, 3, 4}, since all of the corresponding TCI states belong to TCI state group 1, four TRPs corresponding to TCI state {1, 2, 3, 4} can cooperatively transmit PDSCH as a single CW. Alternatively, if the TCI state applied to PDSCH is set to TCI state 1, one TRP corresponding to TCI state 1 can cooperatively transmit PDSCH as a single CW. Alternatively, if the TCI state applied to PDSCH is set to TCI state {1, 5}, PDSCH can be cooperatively transmitted as two CWs. In this case, one TRP corresponding to TCI state 1 can transmit CW 0, and one TRP corresponding to TCI state 5 can transmit CW 1. Alternatively, if the TCI state applied to the PDSCH is set to TCI state {1, 2, 5, 6}, the PDSCH can be transmitted in cooperation with two CWs. In this case, the two TRPs corresponding to the TCI state {1, 2} can transmit CW 0 in cooperation, and the two TRPs corresponding to the TCI state {5, 6} can transmit CW 1 in cooperation.

[0314] In the example described above, when multiple TCI states are mapped to a single CW, the CW may be cooperatively transmitted based on one or more methods set by the base station among various methods such as CJT (coherent joint transmission), NCJT (non-CJT), SFN (single frequency network), TD (time domain) repetition, and FD (frequency domain) repetition. Additionally, the number of transmission layers per TCI state group may be set / instructed by the base station or determined by specific rules. For example, regarding specific rules, a TCI state group and a DMRS CDM group are mapped, and a method may be agreed upon / defined in which a number of layers equal to the number of DMRS ports instructed in the CDM group mapped to a specific TCI state group are transmitted through that TCI state group.

[0315] The proposed method can be extended to N TCI groups, in which case the number of CWs can also be extended up to N. In this regard, to prevent an excessive increase in the number of CWs, even if N TCI groups are established, the number of CWs is limited to a number smaller than N (e.g., min(K, N) (where K)). <N), 특정 K(예로, 2)개의 CW)로 한정될 수 있다. 이 경우, TCI 그룹과 CW는 1:1 매핑되지 않을 수 있기 때문에, TCI 그룹과 CW 간의 매핑 관계는 기지국에 의해 단말에게 설정 / 지시되거나, 해당 매핑 관계를 결정하기 위한 규칙이 적용 / 도입될 수 있다.

[0316] Additionally or alternatively, TCI state groups may be divided according to the channel's frequency selectivity, delay spread, time variance, Doppler, etc., in addition to channel quality. In this case, it may be desirable / efficient to set independent DMRS settings / patterns for each TCI group. This is because the optimal DMRS settings / patterns differ depending on the channel's frequency selectivity, delay spread, time variance, Doppler, etc. For example, if the TCI states applied to the PDSCH are set to TCI states {1, 2, 5, 6}, TCI states {1, 2} may set DMRS pattern 1 (e.g., a specific pattern determined by the position of the DMRS symbol, RE), and TCI states {3, 4} may set DMRS pattern 2.

[0317] PDSCH rate matching for DMRS transmitted REs can be performed using a superset of Pattern 1 and Pattern 2 to offset interference between PDSCH and DMRS. However, in this case, a large amount of REs may be rate-matched, which may result in a loss of PDSCH resources. As a solution to this, rate matching can be performed using a subset of Pattern 1 and Pattern 2. However, in this case, interference may occur due to collisions between some DMRS REs and PDSCH REs. Alternatively, the PDSCH layer corresponding to the DMRS port of Pattern 1 (e.g., Layer Set 1) can rate-match the DMRS REs of Pattern 1, and the PDSCH layer corresponding to the DMRS port of Pattern 2 (e.g., Layer Set 2) can rate-match the DMRS REs of Pattern 2. In this case, interference from Layer Set 1 to Pattern 2 and interference from Layer Set 2 to Pattern 1 may still exist. If Pattern 1 is configured only as a subset of Pattern 2, the interference from Layer Set 2 to Pattern 1 is canceled out, so such a limited configuration method may be considered. Based on this, after the terminal completes decoding for Layer Set 1, it can cancel the signal of Layer Set 1 from the received signal to mitigate / eliminate the interference from Layer Set 1 to Pattern 2.

[0318] DMRS patterns can also affect PDSCH decoding time. For example, if DMRS symbols are located before PDSCH symbols, channel estimation can be completed first, allowing decoding to begin immediately after receiving PDSCH; however, if they are located after PDSCH symbols, decoding may take longer. Consequently, this can affect the minimum time delay from receiving PDSCH to transmitting ACK / NACK. Therefore, the minimum time delay to transmitting ACK / NACK should be set based on the DMRS pattern that takes a long time to decode among multiple DMRS patterns. Additionally, since decoding time varies depending on whether the aforementioned cancellation occurs, it is necessary to increase the minimum time delay if cancellation is performed.

[0319] The PDSCH rate matching method according to the aforementioned multiple DMRS pattern can also be applied to general situations where multiple DMRS patterns are set regardless of TCI state grouping.

[0320] Example 1-1A

[0321] In addition, although the proposed method of Example 1-1 described above was explained in terms of DL PDSCH, the method can be applied in the same way to other DL channels and UL channels (e.g., PUSCH / PUCCH / SRS). For example, the examples specifically described in Example 1-1 based on PDSCH can be applied in the same way by replacing PDSCH with PUSCH.

[0322] When the proposed method is applied to the cooperative transmission method of a UL channel (e.g., PUSCH / PUCCH / SRS) instead of the cooperative transmission method of a DL channel, the aforementioned TRP, TRP group, and cooperative transmission between TRPs can be replaced with the terminal's transmission panel, transmission panel group, and cooperative transmission between transmission panels, respectively. Additionally, a group set based on similarity between TRPs (e.g., TRP group) can be replaced with a group set based on similarity between transmission panels (e.g., transmission panel group). Furthermore, the aforementioned TCI state and TCI state group can be extended and applied as concepts corresponding to the terminal's transmission panel.

[0323] For example, a group of transmitting panels may be configured based on the channel quality of the transmitting panels. Here, the channel quality may refer to a semi-statically changing channel quality determined by blockage, propagation loss, path loss, shadowing, maximum transmit power, etc., rather than a channel quality that changes dynamically with small-scale fading (or fast fading).

[0324] Additionally or alternatively, depending on the maximum transmission power of the terminal's transmitting panel, the TRP to which the UL channel transmitted to the panel with the highest maximum transmission power is directed and the TRP to which the UL channel transmitted to the panel with the lowest maximum transmission power is directed may be set to different groups (e.g., TRP groups). Additionally or alternatively, depending on the number of antennas of the terminal's transmitting panel, the TRP to which the UL channel transmitted using the panel with the highest number of antennas is directed and the TRP to which the UL channel transmitted using the panel with the lowest number of antennas is directed may be set to different groups (e.g., TRP groups).

[0325] Additionally or alternatively, the above description regarding rate matching of DMRS RE may be applied equally / extendedly to PUSCH as well as PDSCH. That is, PDSCH / PUSCH can be automatically rate-matched for the specified DMRS port.

[0326] Examples 1-2

[0327] This embodiment relates to a method for establishing TCI state groups based on whether there is antenna coherence between TRPs.

[0328] Specifically, TRP groups can be established by distinguishing between TRPs that can match antenna coherence with other TRPs and those that cannot.

[0329] For example, among TRPs {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}, transmission can be performed by matching antenna coherence with tight cooperation between TRPs {1, 2, 3, 4} and between TRPs {5, 6, 7, 8}, but a case may be considered where it is impossible to match antenna coherence for other TRP combinations (e.g., TRP {1, 5}). In this case, TRPs {1, 2, 3, 4} can be set as one TRP group and TRPs {5, 6, 7, 8} can be set as another TRP group. That is, the terminal can receive a TCI state {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8} corresponding to a TRP {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8} from the base station, and TCI state group 1 can be set to a TCI state {1, 2, 3, 4} and TCI state group 2 can be set to a TCI state {5, 6, 7, 8}.

[0330] As a specific example, if the TCI state applied to PDSCH is set to TCI state {1, 2, 3, 4}, since these TCI states all belong to TCI state group 1, four TRPs corresponding to TCI state {1, 2, 3, 4} can cooperatively transmit PDSCH as a CJT. Alternatively, if the TCI state applied to PDSCH is set to TCI state 1, one TRP corresponding to TCI state 1 can transmit PDSCH based on S-TRP. Alternatively, if the TCI state applied to PDSCH is set to TCI state {1, 5}, PDSCH can be cooperatively transmitted as an NCJT. In this case, one TRP corresponding to TCI state 1 can transmit some layers, and one TRP corresponding to TCI state 5 can transmit the remaining layers. Alternatively, if the TCI state applied to the PDSCH is set to TCI state {1, 2, 5, 6}, the PDSCH can be transmitted in a cooperative manner to CJT and NCJT. In this case, the two TRPs corresponding to TCI state {1, 2} can transmit some layers in a cooperative manner to CJT, and the two TRPs corresponding to TCI state {5, 6} can transmit the remaining layers in a cooperative manner to CJT. CJT transmission is performed between TRP 1 and TRP 2, and CJT transmission is performed between TRP 5 and TRP 6, but NCJT transmission can be performed between the remaining TRP combinations (e.g., TRP 1 and TRP 5, TRP 2 and TRP 5, TRP 1 and TRP 6, or TRP 2 and TRP 6).

[0331] Additionally, different TCI state groups may receive different PTRS configurations as antenna coherence is not guaranteed. For example, TCI state group 0 may receive PTRS port 0 and TCI state group 1 may receive PTRS port 1, so a PTRS port can be configured for each TCI state group. That is, DMRS port(s) to which the TCI state belonging to TCI state group 0 applies share PTRS port 0, and one of those DMRS port(s) may be associated with PTRS port 0.

[0332] In the example described above, it was assumed that NCJT cooperative communication is performed between two TCI state groups, but this can be replaced by performing various cooperative communication methods other than NCJT, such as TD / FD repetition. For example, let us assume a case where TD repetition is applied instead of NCJT. In this case, if the TCI state applied to PDSCH is set to TCI state {1, 2, 5, 6}, PDSCH is cooperatively transmitted via CJT and TD repetition, and in some transmission occasions, two TRPs corresponding to TCI state {1, 2} perform CJT cooperative transmission, and in the remaining TOs, two TRPs corresponding to TCI state {5, 6} perform CJT cooperative transmission.

[0333] In addition, through the proposed method described above, the M-TRP technique can be dynamically changed according to the TCI settings / instructions, and multiple M-TRP techniques can be simultaneously applied to a single channel.

[0334] Examples 1-3

[0335] This embodiment relates to a method for establishing TCI state groups based on whether there is time synchronization between TRPs.

[0336] Specifically, TRP groups can be established by distinguishing between TRPs that can synchronize time with other TRPs and those that cannot.

[0337] In the case of DL, if the DL reception signals of two TRPs fall within the CP (cyclic prefix) length, it can be assumed that the time is synchronized; otherwise, it can be assumed that the time is not synchronized. In the case of UL, if UL transmission toward two TRPs is possible using the same DL reference time and TA (timing advance), it can be assumed that the time is synchronized; otherwise, it can be assumed that the time is not synchronized.

[0338] For example, among TRPs {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}, transmissions between TRPs {1, 2, 3, 4} and between TRPs {5, 6, 7, 8} can be time-synchronized with tight cooperation, but a case may be considered where time synchronization cannot be achieved for the remaining TRP combinations (e.g., TRP {1, 5}). In this case, TRPs {1, 2, 3, 4} can be set as one TRP group and TRPs {5, 6, 7, 8} can be set as another TRP group. That is, the terminal can receive a TCI state {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8} corresponding to a TRP {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8} from the base station, and TRP state group 1 can be set to a TCI state {1, 2, 3, 4} and TRP state group 2 can be set to a TCI state {5, 6, 7, 8}.

[0339] As a specific example, if the TCI state applied to PDSCH is set to TCI state {1, 2, 3, 4}, since all of these TCI states belong to TCI state group 1, four TRPs corresponding to TCI state {1, 2, 3, 4} can cooperatively transmit PDSCH at the same time. Alternatively, if the TCI state applied to PDSCH is set to TCI state 1, one TRP corresponding to TCI state 1 can transmit PDSCH based on S-TRP. Alternatively, if the TCI state applied to PDSCH is set to TCI state {1, 5}, PDSCH can be cooperatively transmitted at different times. In this case, one TRP corresponding to TCI state 1 can perform transmission at some TOs, and one TRP corresponding to TCI state 5 can perform transmission at the remaining TOs. Alternatively, if the TCI state applied to PDSCH is set to TCI state {1, 2, 5, 6}, PDSCH can be transmitted cooperatively. In this case, two TRPs corresponding to TCI state {1, 2} can be transmitted cooperatively at some TOs simultaneously, and two TRPs corresponding to TCI state {5, 6} can be transmitted cooperatively at the remaining TOs simultaneously.

[0340] In the example described above, when multiple TCI states are applied to a single TO (e.g., the same time) to perform cooperative transmission, cooperative transmission may be performed based on one or more methods set by the base station among various methods such as CJT / NCJT / SFN / FD repetition in that TO.

[0341] In addition, if there are multiple TCI state groups applied to the PDSCH, the PDSCH may be transmitted based on TD repetitions in multiple TOs. Therefore, in this case, the terminal expects the base station to set the number of repetitions to 1 or more (e.g., to be set to repeat 2 or more times), and if not, it may ignore the number of repetitions and perform repeated transmission by applying each TCI state group once.

[0342] In addition, in the example described above, TRPs corresponding to different TCI groups can perform transmissions at different TOs, and since the time synchronization between TCI groups is not aligned, a time gap (e.g., x symbol gap) is required between TOs. This is because if there is no time gap between TOs, the symbols of the preceding TO and the symbols of the following TO may collide, causing interference. The value of X can be fixed as a specific natural number (e.g., 1) or set by the base station depending on the degree of time synchronization misalignment.

[0343] In the case of existing wireless communication systems, for M-TRP-based TD repetition, the base station can set a pattern for applying TCI to the terminal for each TO. For example, if TCI state {1, 2} is indicated and a cyclic pattern is indicated, TCI state {1, 2} can be sequentially and cyclically applied to the TO. That is, TCI state {1, 2, 1, 2} can be applied to each of the TOs {1, 2, 3, 4}. Although such a pattern set by the base station can be applied in the proposed method described above, the present disclosure proposes a method of mapping a group of TCI states to a single TO instead of the existing method of mapping a single TCI state to a single TO. For example, if the base station indicates a TCI state group {1, 2} and a cyclic pattern, TCI state group {1, 2} can be sequentially and cyclically applied to the TO. That is, for each of TO {1, 2, 3, 4}, the TCI state group {1, 2, 1, 2} can be applied.

[0344] When the number of MCS / Rank / Data REs, etc., are set differently in the TO to which TCI Group 1 applies and the TO to which TCI Group 2 applies, the following methods may be considered to determine a single TB size (since it is a repetition of the same TB). For example, the TB size may be determined as Min(X1, X2), Max(X1, X2), X1 (e.g., TB size based on the first TCI group), or X2 (e.g., TB size based on the last TCI group). Here, X1 may be the TB size considering the number of MCS / Rank / Data REs in the TO of TCI Group 1, and X2 may be the TB size considering the number of MCS / Rank / Data REs in the TO of TCI Group 2.

[0345] Examples 1-3A

[0346] In addition, although the proposed method of Examples 1-3 described above was explained in terms of DL PDSCH, the method can be similarly applied to other DL channels and UL channels (e.g., PUSCH / PUCCH). In this regard, for UL PUSCH / PUCCH, UL transmissions corresponding to different TCI state groups need to be transmitted by applying different DL reference signals and TAs. To this end, DL reference times and TAs can be set for each of the TCI state groups {1, 2}.

[0347] In addition, although the proposed method of Examples 1-3 described above was explained in terms of DL PDSCH, the method can be applied in the same way to other DL channels and UL channels (e.g., PUSCH / PUCCH / SRS). For example, the examples specifically described in Examples 1-3 described above based on PDSCH can be applied in the same way by replacing PDSCH with PUSCH.

[0348] When the proposed method is applied to the cooperative transmission method of a UL channel (e.g., PUSCH / PUCCH / SRS) instead of the cooperative transmission method of a DL channel, the aforementioned TRP, TRP group, and cooperative transmission between TRPs can be replaced with the terminal's transmission panel, transmission panel group, and cooperative transmission between transmission panels, respectively. Additionally, a group set based on similarity between TRPs (e.g., TRP group) can be replaced with a group set based on similarity between transmission panels (e.g., transmission panel group). Furthermore, the aforementioned TCI state and TCI state group can be extended and applied as concepts corresponding to the terminal's transmission panel.

[0349] For example, a TCI state group may be established based on whether the transmitting panels of the terminal are time synchronized. Specifically, a transmitting panel group may be established by distinguishing between transmitting panels that can time synchronize with each other and transmitting panels that cannot. Additionally, or alternatively, based on whether the transmitting panels of the terminal are time synchronized, a TRP to which a UL channel transmitted to a panel capable of time synchronization and a TRP to which a UL channel transmitted to a panel unable to time synchronize with each other are directed may be established as different groups (e.g., TRP groups).

[0350] In addition, through the proposed method described above, the M-TRP technique can be dynamically changed according to the TCI settings / instructions, and multiple M-TRP techniques can be simultaneously applied to a single channel.

[0351] Examples 1-4

[0352] This embodiment relates to a method for establishing TCI state groups based on backhaul link delay between TRPs.

[0353] To support cooperative methods in which multiple TRPs transmit a single (common) channel / TB / data (e.g., CJT, SFN, NCJT, TD repetition, FD repetition, SDCI-based M-TRP techniques, etc.), TRPs must be able to perform dynamic cooperation. To achieve this, very low backhaul link delay may be required (e.g., backhaul link delay within one slot or multiple symbols). For the sake of convenience of explanation, the case of very low backhaul link delay is referred to as ideal backhaul.

[0354] On the other hand, to support cooperative methods where multiple TRPs transmit different channels / TBs / data (e.g., simultaneous transmission of different PDSCH / PDCCHs, or MDCI-based M-TRP techniques), the TRPs must be able to perform semi-static cooperation. The backhaul link delay for this does not need to be very low, and for the sake of convenience of explanation, this case is referred to as non-ideal backhaul.

[0355] Regarding backhaul links between TRPs participating in cooperation, some backhaul links between TRPs may be ideal backhauls, while others may be non-ideal backhauls. In this case, TRPs with ideal backhauls may be configured into a single TRP group, and TRPs with non-ideal backhauls may be configured into different groups.

[0356] For example, among TRPs {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}, ideal backhauls are connected between TRPs {1, 2, 3, 4} and between TRPs {5, 6, 7, 8}, and non-ideal backhauls are connected for the remaining TRP combinations (e.g., TRP {1, 5}), then TRPs {1, 2, 3, 4} can be set as one TRP group and TRPs {5, 6, 7, 8} can be set as another TRP group. That is, the terminal can receive a TCI state {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8} corresponding to TRP {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8} from the base station, and TCI state group 1 can be set to TCI state {1, 2, 3, 4}, and TCI state group 1 can be set to TCI state {5, 6, 7, 8}.

[0357] As a specific example, if the TCI state applied to the PDSCH is set to TCI state {1, 2, 3, 4}, since all of these TCI states belong to TCI state group 1, four TRPs corresponding to TCI state {1, 2, 3, 4} can cooperatively transmit a single PDSCH. Alternatively, if the TCI state applied to the PDSCH is set to TCI state 1, one TRP corresponding to TCI state 1 can transmit a single PDSCH based on S-TRP. Alternatively, if the TCI state applied to the PDSCH is set to TCI state {1, 5}, one TRP corresponding to TCI state 1 can transmit a single PDSCH, and one TRP corresponding to TCI state 5 can transmit another PDSCH. In this case, two PDSCHs can be transmitted simultaneously. Alternatively, if the TCI state applied to the PDSCH is set to TCI state {1, 2, 5, 6}, two TRPs corresponding to TCI state {1, 2} can co-transmit one PDSCH, and two TRPs corresponding to TCI state {5, 6} can co-transmit another PDSCH. In this case, the two PDSCHs can be transmitted simultaneously.

[0358] Examples 1-4A

[0359] In addition, although the proposed method of Examples 1-4 described above was explained in terms of DL PDSCH, the method can be applied in the same way to other DL channels and UL channels (e.g., PUSCH / PUCCH). For example, the examples specifically described in Example 1-1 based on PDSCH can be applied in the same way by replacing PDSCH with PUSCH / PUCCH.

[0360] For example, depending on the backhaul delay between TRPs, if the delay is small, one PUSCH / PUCCH can be transmitted to multiple TRPs (e.g., using multiple transmit beams), and if the delay is large, different PUSCH / PUCCH can be transmitted to different TRPs.

[0361] When the proposed method is applied to the cooperative transmission method of a UL channel (e.g., PUSCH / PUCCH / SRS) instead of the cooperative transmission method of a DL channel, the aforementioned TRP, TRP group, and cooperative transmission between TRPs can be replaced with the terminal's transmission panel, transmission panel group, and cooperative transmission between transmission panels, respectively. Additionally, a group set based on similarity between TRPs (e.g., TRP group) can be replaced with a group set based on similarity between transmission panels (e.g., transmission panel group). Furthermore, the aforementioned TCI state and TCI state group can be extended and applied as concepts corresponding to the terminal's transmission panel.

[0362] Examples 1-5

[0363] This embodiment relates to a method for establishing TCI state groups based on whether the locations of TRPs are co-located or distributed.

[0364] Specifically, TRP groups can be established by distinguishing between TRPs installed in the same location and TRPs installed in different locations.

[0365] For example, among TRPs {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}, TRP {1, 2, 3, 4} is installed in the same location and TRP {5, 6, 7, 8} is installed in the same location, but the remaining TRP combinations (e.g., TRP {1, 5}) are installed in different locations, then TRP {1, 2, 3, 4} can be set as one TRP group and TRP {5, 6, 7, 8} can be set as another TRP group. That is, the terminal can receive a TCI state {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8} corresponding to a TRP {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8} from the base station, and TCI state group 1 can be set to a TCI state {1, 2, 3, 4} and TCI state group 2 can be set to a TCI state {5, 6, 7, 8}.

[0366] Additionally, in the proposed method of the present embodiment, the TRP may be replaced with the transmission panel of the terminal. For example, a TCI state group may be established based on whether the location of the terminal's transmission panel is co-located or distributed.

[0367] Examples 1-6

[0368] The present embodiment relates to a method for setting / instructing a TCI group and a method for setting / defining terminal operations based thereon.

[0369] Based on the various TCI group setting methods described above (e.g., the proposed methods in Examples 1-1 to 1-5), the terminal may be configured / defined to assume / apply different M-TRP operations. The base station may use at least one of the following methods to set the TCI group and the M-TRP operation applying it to the terminal. For convenience of explanation, the present embodiment is described using the method of Example 1-1 (hereinafter referred to as Method 1) and the method of Example 1-2 (hereinafter referred to as Method 2) as representative examples, but it may be applied in the same way to any other methods.

[0370] Examples 1-6A

[0371] A method of setting TCI groups for each M-TRP operation can be considered.

[0372] The terminal can individually receive from the base station a list of TCI groups for the M-TRP operation of Method 1 and a list of TCI groups for the M-TRP operation of Method 2.

[0373] For example, TCI groups {1, 2, 3} may be set for the M-TRP operation of Method 1, and TCI groups {4, 5} may be set for the M-TRP operation of Method 2.

[0374] - M-TRP operation of Method 1: TCI Group 1, TCI Group 2, TCI Group 3

[0375] - Method 2 M-TRP operation: TCI Group 4, TCI Group 5

[0376] The TCI group(s) mapped to each M-TRP operation and the TCI state(s) belonging to each TCI group can be set semi-statically via RRC signaling or dynamically via MAC-CE or DCI.

[0377] If a TCI state applied to a specific channel (e.g., PDSCH, PUSCH) configured from a base station belongs to the list of TCI groups for the M-TRP operation of Method 1, it can be interpreted that the M-TRP operation of Method 1 is applied to that channel. Conversely, if a TCI state applied to a specific channel (e.g., PDSCH, PUSCH) configured from a base station belongs to the list of TCI groups for the M-TRP operation of Method 2, it can be interpreted that the M-TRP operation of Method 2 is applied to that channel. If a TCI state applied to a specific channel (e.g., PDSCH, PUSCH) belongs to both the list of TCI groups for the M-TRP operation of Method 1 and the list of TCI groups for the M-TRP operation of Method 2, it can be interpreted that both the M-TRP operation of Method 1 and the M-TRP operation of Method 2 are applied to that channel.

[0378] Examples 1-6B

[0379] A method for setting M-TRP operations for each TCI group can be considered.

[0380] The terminal can receive from the base station a list of TCI groups and information regarding M-TRP operations applicable to those lists.

[0381] For example, TCI groups {1, 2, 3} may be set for the M-TRP operation of Method 1, and TCI groups {4, 5} may be set for the M-TRP operation of Method 2.

[0382] - TCI Group 1: M-TRP operation of Method 1

[0383] - TCI Group 2: M-TRP operation of Method 1

[0384] - TCI Group 3: M-TRP operation of Method 1

[0385] - TCI Group 4: M-TRP operation of Method 2

[0386] - TCI Group 5: M-TRP operation of Method 2

[0387] The TCI state(s) belonging to each TCI group and the M-TRP operation(s) applied to each TCI group can be set semi-statically via RRC signaling or dynamically via MAC-CE or DCI.

[0388] Examples 1-6C

[0389] Methods for configuring TCI groups and M-TRP operations based on TCI status can be considered.

[0390] The terminal can receive information from the base station regarding the group to which a TCI state belongs and the M-TRP operation of that group for each TCI state.

[0391] For example, TCI groups {1, 2, 3} may be set for the M-TRP operation of Method 1, and TCI groups {4, 5} may be set for the M-TRP operation of Method 2.

[0392] - TCI states {1, 2, 3, 4}: TCI state group 1 for M-TRP operation of Method 1

[0393] - TCI states {5, 6, 7, 8}: TCI state group 2 for M-TRP operation of Method 1

[0394] - TCI states {9, 10, 11, 12}: TCI state group 3 for M-TRP operation of Method 1

[0395] - TCI states {13, 14, 15, 16}: TCI state group 1 for M-TRP operation of Method 2

[0396] - TCI states {17, 18, 19, 20}: TCI state group 2 for M-TRP operation of Method 2

[0397] M-TRP operation(s) and TCI state group(s) mapped to TCI states can be semi-statically set via RRC signaling or dynamically set via MAC-CE or DCI.

[0398] In the example described above, the TCI states belonging to each TCI state group may or may not overlap with one another, and a single TCI state group may be mapped to and applied to multiple M-TRP operations. To distinguish between M-TRP operations and TCI state groups, identification information for M-TRP operations (e.g., ID) and identification information for TCI state groups (e.g., ID) may be introduced or used.

[0399] Examples 1-6D

[0400] Additionally or alternatively, the setting of TCI state groups can be performed through explicit signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC-CE, DCI, etc.), but TCI state groups may also be determined through implicit methods without separate additional signaling.

[0401] For example, a TCI state group can be determined through a closed-loop index set in a UL / joint TCI state. Specifically, closed-loop power control for UL transmission can be performed independently for each closed-loop index. This allows power control to vary depending on which TRP the UL channel is transmitted to, or whether the UL channel is a URLLC target or an eMBB target, even if the terminal transmits a UL channel; or it can be used to apply power control per panel if the terminal has multiple panels. A closed-loop index can be set in a TCI state, and based on this, TCI states with the same closed-loop index can be set as a single group.

[0402] As another example, TCI state groups can be determined by the presence or absence of a PL-RS offset value in UL / DL / joint TCI states. This may be for asymmetric DL / UL M-TRP cases. Specifically, to support scenarios where some TRPs are capable of both DL / UL transmission and reception, while others are capable of UL reception only without DL transmission, the PL-RS offset value can be indicated using the TCI state. A TCI state with a PL-RS offset value corresponds to a UL-only TRP, while a TCI state without a PL-RS offset value may correspond to a DL / UL TRP. Based on this, TCI groups can be distinguished by grouping TCI states with and without a PL-RS offset value.

[0403] As another example, the TCI state group can be determined through the ID of the TAG (TA group) set in the UL / joint TCI state. Specifically, considering cases where there is a large difference in the propagation delay of the TPRs participating in the cooperation, the terminal may receive two TAGs: one TAG shared by TRPs with small propagation delays and one TAG shared by TRPs with large propagation delays. The TAG can be distinguished through the TAG ID set within the TCI state, and based on this, the TRP group can be distinguished through the TAG ID set within the TCI state.

[0404] As another example, TCI state groups can be determined via the SSB of the top QCL source for the TCI state. In the case of inter-cell M-DCI, this may be based on the scrambling ID, PCI, or (if supported) explicit grouping of the SSB index. Specifically, TCI states may be grouped based on the top QCL source RS of the QCL source RS set for each TCI state. For example, the top QCL source RS may be an SSB, and TCI states with the same SSB index may be grouped, or TCI states with the same PCI may be grouped to distinguish TRPs between inter-cells. Additionally, if different scrambling IDs are used to mitigate inter-cell interference, TCI states with the same scrambling ID may be grouped.

[0405] As another example, TCI state groups can be determined through a CORESET pool index that specifies / designates the TCI state pool. Specifically, if TCI state pools are configured separately for each CORESET pool, TCI states belonging to the same TCI state pool can be grouped into a single group. Furthermore, TRPs corresponding to TCI states in the same group are connected via ideal backhauls and are capable of dynamic cooperation, while TRPs corresponding to TCI states in different groups may be capable of semi-static cooperation.

[0406] Example 2

[0407] This embodiment relates to a method for performing CSI reporting based on a TRP group (e.g., TCI status group) set in Example 1.

[0408] The terminal may receive multiple measurement resources, e.g., multiple CMRs (channel measurement resources) and / or IMRs (interference measurement resources), for a single CSI report. In this case, the CMRs and / or IMRs may be mapped to and grouped into the TCI state groups described in Example 1 (hereinafter referred to as TCI groups). In this case, the grouping may be performed based on a predefined rule between the CMRs and / or IMRs and the TCI groups (e.g., the relationship between a CMR and / or IMR with index a and a TCI state with index b).

[0409] For clarity of explanation, the present disclosure describes a measurement resource using CMR as a representative example, and assumes that a TCI state (hereinafter referred to as TCI state i) having index i is set in a CSI-RS resource having index i (hereinafter referred to as CSI-RS resource i).

[0410] Table 1 illustrates a TCI group configuration for explaining the proposed method of the present disclosure.

[0411] TCI Group Configuration TCI Group 1 = {TCI Subgroup 1, 2} TCI Subgroup 1 = {TCI State 1, 2, 3} TCI Subgroup 2 = {TCI State 4, 5, 6} TCI Group 2 = {TCI Subgroup 3, 4} TCI Subgroup 3 = {TCI State 7, 8, 9} TCI Subgroup 4 = {TCI State 10, 11, 12} TCI Group 3 = {TCI State 13, 14} TCI Group 4 = {TCI State 15, 16}

[0412] As a specific example, referring to the description in Example 1 and Table 1, TRPs corresponding to TCI Group 1 and TRPs corresponding to TCI Group 2 may be connected via a non-ideal backhaul link in which dynamic coordination is not possible (e.g., only semi-static coordination is possible). It can be assumed that TRPs belonging to the same TCI subgroup are capable of coherent joint transmission (CJT), while non-coherent transmission (e.g., SFN transmission or NCJT transmission) is possible between TRPs belonging to different TCI subgroups. Additionally, for TCI Group 3 and TCI Group 4, depending on the channel characteristics of the TRPs, TRPs belonging to each TCI group may have similar SINR regimes, channel frequency selectivity, channel time variance, or terminal-to-TRP distances.

[0413] Table 2 illustrates a CMR group setting based on the TCI group setting of Table 1 described above.

[0414] CMR Group Configuration 1 (For CSI Report 1) CMR Group 1 = {CMR Subgroup 1, 2} CMR Subgroup 1 = {CSI-RS 1, 2, 3} CMR Subgroup 2 = {CSI-RS 4, 5} CMR Group 2 = {CMR Subgroup 3, 4} CMR Subgroup 3 = {CSI-RS 9} CMR Subgroup 4 = {CSI-RS 10, 11, 12} CMR Group Configuration 2 (For CSI Report 2) CMR Group 1 = {CMR Subgroup 1} CMR Subgroup 1 = {CSI-RS 1, 2, 3} CMR Group Configuration 3 (For CSI Report 3) CMR Group 3 = {CSI-RS 13, 14} CMR Group 4 = {CSI-RS 15, 16}

[0415] Referring to Table 2, the CMR group setting can be based on the TCI group setting and the mapping relationship between the TCI status and CSI-RS.

[0416] Specifically, when CSI-RS 1 through 5 and 9 through 12 are set as CMRs for CSI Report 1 (e.g., CSI Report ID = 1), the CMRs can be grouped as shown in Table 2 by verifying the TCI group for the TCI status set / mapped to each CSI-RS. For example, CSI-RS 1 is mapped to TCI status 1, and TCI status 1 belongs to TCI subgroup 1 and TCI group 1. Therefore, it is assumed that CSI-RS 1 belongs to CMR subgroup 1 and CMR group 1.

[0417] In addition, when CSI-RS 1 to 3 are set for CSI Report 2 (e.g., CSI Report ID = 2), CMRs can be grouped as shown in Table 2 by verifying the TCI group for the TCI status set / mapped to each CSI-RS.

[0418] In addition, when CSI-RS 13 to 16 are set for CSI Report 3 (e.g., CSI Report ID = 3), CMRs can be grouped as shown in Table 2 by verifying the TCI group for the TCI status set / mapped to each CSI-RS.

[0419] In this regard, an independent CSI-IM can be established for each CSI-RS resource in each CSI report.

[0420] By utilizing a single common TCI group information configured from the base station, the terminal can perform CMR grouping for each of multiple CSI reports. Therefore, the proposed method has the technical effect of reducing signaling overhead compared to a method that sets a CMR group separately for each CSI report.

[0421] Alternatively, the base station may directly set the CMR group to the terminal without relying on the TCI group. In this case, a CMR group commonly referenced by multiple CSI reports may be directly specified. The CMR group / subgroup may be set globally or configured outside the CSI report settings so that it can be applied to multiple CSI reports. Based on this, only the CMR group / subgroup ID is set when configuring the CSI report, allowing the CSI-RS of that group to be configured as CMRs all at once by the CSI report settings. Alternatively, instead of defining a global CMR group, the CMR group may be specified for each individual CSI report.

[0422] As shown in the example above (e.g., Table 2), CMR groups may have a hierarchical structure of upper / lower groups or a non-hierarchical structure depending on the characteristics of the TRP that transmits the CSI-RS of the group.

[0423] Additionally or alternatively, the aforementioned group / subgroup may correspond to a CSI reporting subconfiguration within a CSI report introduced for network energy saving (NES) (e.g., NES in NR standards). Alternatively, a subgroup proposed in this disclosure may be established within a CSI reporting subconfiguration. For example, if N CSI-RSs belonging to a group / subgroup represent N beam candidates that a single TRP can transmit, and if a separate TRP on / off signaling is introduced for NES, the terminal must not perform CSI measurement and / or reporting for a CMR group / subgroup connected to an off TRP.

[0424] CMR group settings within CSI reporting can be configured via RRC signaling or enabled / triggered per CMR group / subgroup through specific MAC-CE / DCIs (e.g., MAC-CE / DCIs that enable / trigger semi-continuous or non-periodic CSIs). The terminal can calculate and report CSIs only for the corresponding enabled / triggered groups.

[0425] Example 3

[0426] This embodiment relates to a method for determining a codeword (CW) for DL / UL transmission and reception based on the TRP group (e.g., TCI state group) and / or CMR group described in Example 1 and / or Example 2.

[0427] In this regard, 1) a method for assuming / determining the number of codewords and / or CQIs when calculating / reporting CSI for a DL PDSCH received by a terminal (hereinafter, Example 3-1) and 2) a method for determining the codeword, MCS, and / or HARQ process when a terminal receives a DL PDSCH (hereinafter, Example 3-2) will be described in detail below.

[0428] Example 3-1

[0429] The number of CQIs can be determined based on which CMR group / subgroup the CSI-RS(s) used in the CSI calculation belong to. In this regard, each CMR group and / or each CMR subgroup can be configured to measure channels for different codeword transmissions.

[0430] For example, CMR group 1 may be composed of CSI-RS(s) corresponding to TRP, DL beam, TCI state, and / or QCL RS with similar DL channel quality, and may exhibit / have channel characteristics in which one codeword can be transmitted by said CSI-RS(s). Additionally, CMR group 2 may have a DL channel quality different from the aforementioned CMR group 1, but may be composed of CSI-RS(s) corresponding to TRP, DL beam, TCI state, and / or QCL RS with similar DL channel quality internally within said group, and may exhibit / have channel characteristics in which another codeword can be transmitted by said CSI-RS(s).

[0431] In the situation of the example, if the two CSI-RSs used for CSI calculation (e.g., a first CSI-RS and a second CSI-RS) belong to CMR group 1 and CMR group 2, respectively, the terminal can calculate a first CQI and a second CQI for each of the first CSI-RS and the second CSI-RS. In other words, the terminal can calculate a first CQI based on a first CSI-RS belonging to CMR group 1 and calculate a second CQI based on a second CSI-RS belonging to CMR group 2.

[0432] Similarly, if the three CSI-RSs used in the CSI calculation (e.g., a first CSI-RS, a second CSI-RS, and a third CSI-RS) each belong to CMR group 1, CMR group 1, and CMR group 3, the terminal can calculate a first CQI for the first CSI-RS and the second CSI-RS, and calculate a second CQI for the third CSI-RS. In other words, the terminal can calculate a first CQI based on the first CSI-RS and the second CSI-RS belonging to CMR group 1, and calculate a second CQI based on the third CSI-RS belonging to CMR group 2.

[0433] Additionally, the terminal may calculate and report the RI and / or PMI corresponding to the first CQI (hereinafter referred to as the first RI / PMI) and the RI and / or PMI corresponding to the second CQI (hereinafter referred to as the second RI / PMI), respectively. In this regard, the terminal may calculate and report the first RI / PMI / CQI and the second RI / PMI / CQI, respectively, by reflecting inter-layer interference and / or inter-codeword interference that may occur between the first RI / PMI and the second RI / PMI.

[0434] This is because, since different layers are transmitted for each codeword, the RI and / or PMI corresponding to each codeword needs to be calculated and reported for each codeword. In addition, this is to ensure that the RI, PMI, and / or CQI reflect potential interference between codewords as multiple codewords are transmitted on the same resource element (RE).

[0435] Consequently, unlike in conventional methods where the number of CQIs is changed / determined based on the RI value (or the number of layers), according to the proposed method of the present disclosure, the number of CQIs can be changed / determined based on the number of CMR groups / subgroups to which the CSI-RS(s) (e.g., CSI-RS used in CSI calculation) belong.

[0436] Additionally or alternatively, the method for determining the number of codewords and CQIs may be applied differently depending on whether the CSI-RS (e.g., the CSI-RS used in the CSI calculation)(s) belong to multiple CMR groups or to a single CMR group.

[0437] For example, according to the method described above, if the CSI-RS used for CSI calculation belongs to a single CMR group, the terminal can calculate a single CQI. As a result, even when the RI value is large, i.e., high rank, the terminal still calculates a single CQI, which can be inefficient in terms of implementation complexity. As a specific example, if eight layers are transmitted as a single codeword when the rank value is set to 8, the transmission block (TB) size increases, which may increase the complexity of channel encoding / decoding. Furthermore, in this case, transmission efficiency may be reduced as a single code rate / MCS is applied by averaging the channel quality differences between the eight layers.

[0438] Considering these points, if the CSI-RS used for CSI calculation belongs to one CMR group, the terminal can be configured / defined to determine / assume the number of codewords based on the rank value (or number of layers) and calculate the CSI based on this.

[0439] Example 3-2

[0440] The number of codewords for a PDSCH can be determined based on which TCI state group / subgroup the TCI state applied to the PDSCH belongs to. In this regard, each TCI state group and / or each TCI state subgroup can be configured to measure channels for different codeword transmissions.

[0441] For example, TCI state group 1 may consist of TRP, DL beam, TCI state, and / or QCL RS with similar DL channel quality, and may have channel characteristics in which one codeword can be transmitted. Additionally, TCI state group 2 may have a different DL channel quality from the aforementioned TCI state group 1, but may consist of TRP, DL beam, TCI state, and / or QCL RS with similar DL channel quality within the group, and may have channel characteristics in which another codeword can be transmitted.

[0442] In the situation of the example, it may be considered that two TCI states used or applied for PDSCH reception (e.g., a first TCI state and a second TCI state) belong to TCI state group 1 and TCI state 2, respectively. In this case, the terminal may receive a first codeword by applying a first MCS to the layer and / or DMRS port to which the first TCI state applies. Additionally, the terminal may receive a second codeword by applying a second MCS to the layer and / or DMRS port to which the second TCI state applies.

[0443] Similarly, a case may be considered in which three TCI states used or applied for PDSCH reception (e.g., a first TCI state, a second TCI state, and a third TCI state) each belong to TCI state group 1, TCI state group 1, and TCI state 2. In this case, the terminal may receive a first codeword by applying a first MCS to the layer and / or DMRS port to which the first TCI state and the second TCI state apply. Additionally, the terminal may receive a second codeword by applying a second MCS to the layer and / or DMRS port to which the third TCI state applies.

[0444] Consequently, unlike the conventional method where the number of codewords is changed / determined based on the rank value (or number of layers, number of DMRS ports) of the PDSCH, according to the proposed method of the present disclosure, the number of codewords can be changed / determined based on which TCI state applied to the PDSCH belongs to a TCI state group / subgroup. In other words, the number of codewords can be changed / determined based on the number of TCI state groups / subgroups to which the TCI state(s) applied to the PDSCH belong.

[0445] According to the proposed method of the present disclosure, by mapping layer(s) to which the same TCI state group applies to a unified codeword, there is a technical effect that more flexible mapping between codewords and layers is possible depending on the layer configuration and transmission environment, compared to the existing method in which mapping rules between codewords and layers are applied fixedly.

[0446] Additionally or alternatively, the method for determining the number of codewords may be applied differently depending on whether the TCI state(s) used or applied for receiving PDSCH belong to multiple TCI state groups or to a single TCI state group.

[0447] For example, according to the method described above, if the TCI state(s) applied to the PDSCH reception belong to a single TCI state group, the terminal can receive the PDSCH as a single codeword. As a result, even in cases where there are many layers, i.e., high rank, the terminal still receives a single codeword, which can be inefficient in terms of implementation complexity. As a specific example, if eight layers are transmitted and received as a single codeword as the rank value is set to 8, the transmission block (TB) size increases, which may increase the complexity of channel encoding / decoding. Additionally, in this case, transmission efficiency may be reduced as a single code rate / MCS is applied by averaging the channel quality differences among the eight layers.

[0448] Considering these points, if the TCI state(s) applied to the PDSCH reception belong to one TCI state group, the terminal can determine / assume the number of codewords based on the number of layers. In addition, in this case, existing mapping rules between codewords and layers may be applied.

[0449] According to the proposed method described above, an MCS is configured for each codeword, and the terminal can transmit / send HARQ-ACK information (e.g., ACK / NACK information) to the base station based on the decoding result for each codeword. For example, if an ACK occurs for one of two codewords and a NACK occurs for the other, the terminal can apply the TCI state applied to the codeword where the ACK occurred to the UL channel for transmitting HARQ-ACK information. This is to transmit HARQ-ACK information through the UL channel corresponding to the channel where the ACK occurred, based on the judgment that the channel where the ACK occurred has probabilistically better quality for DL ​​reception.

[0450] Additionally or alternatively, in relation to the proposed method of the present disclosure, a method of appropriately splitting a single codeword and applying different MCSs even when the number of codewords is one may be considered.

[0451] Specifically, in the proposed method described above, the number of codewords is determined by which TCI state group / subgroup the TCI state applied to the PDSCH belongs to, and based on this, different MCS can be set for each TCI state group / subgroup. At this time, even when the number of codewords is still 1, a method of appropriately dividing a single codeword into two units and applying different MCSs can be considered. For example, if a 100-bit codeword is generated after channel coding, the codeword can be divided into two 50-bit units, and different modulation / modulation order (e.g., QPSK, 16 QAM, 64 QAM, etc.) can be applied to the first 50-bit and the remaining 50-bit.

[0452] In this regard, while maintaining the codeword as a single unit, the number of MCS and / or modulations to be applied can be determined depending on which TCI state group / subgroup the TCI state(s) applied to PDSCH belong to. For example, if multiple TCI states applied to a single codeword belong to one TCI state group, one MCS and / or modulation (e.g., 16 QAM) may be applied to that codeword. Conversely, if multiple TCI states applied to a single codeword belong to two TCI state groups, the codeword may be appropriately divided to apply two MCS and / or modulations (e.g., QPSK, 16 QAM, etc.).

[0453] Consequently, the determination of the number of codewords can be applied in the same manner as the existing method, and multiple MCS and / or modulations may be applied depending on the channel quality of the TRP. In addition, in this regard, from the perspective of the HARQ process, a method of reporting HARQ-ACK information (e.g., ACK / NACK information) per codeword and performing retransmission based on this can still be applied. Therefore, even when multiple MCSs are applied to a single codeword, the reporting of HARQ-ACK information and retransmission for that codeword can be managed by a single HARQ process.

[0454] Although the proposed methods of the present disclosure described above have been explained using the case of DL PDSCH as a representative example, they can be similarly extended and applied to the case of UL PUSCH.

[0455] For example, in the conventional case, the number of codewords for a PUSCH can be changed or determined according to the rank value of the PUSCH (or the number of layers, the number of DMRS ports, etc.). In contrast, according to the method proposed in the present disclosure, the number of codewords for a PUSCH can be changed or determined according to which TCI state group / subgroup the TCI state applied to the PUSCH belongs to. Additionally, if the TCI state(s) applied to the PUSCH transmission belong to a single TCI state group, it may be preferable for the number of codewords for the PUSCH to be determined according to the number of layers.

[0456] FIGS. 16 and 17 illustrate the operation of a first device and a second device that perform a procedure related to codeword determination according to the embodiments of the present disclosure described above.

[0457] FIG. 16 is a drawing for explaining the operation of a first device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0458] The first device can verify the configuration of TCI groups related to the TCI state (S1610).

[0459] For example, the TCI groups may mean the TCI state groups and / or TCI state subgroups described in Example 1 of the present disclosure.

[0460] The first device can receive or transmit signals and / or information through a physical channel based on the configuration of the TCI groups (S1620).

[0461] For example, the physical channel may include a PDSCH associated with the downlink or a PUSCH associated with the uplink.

[0462] In this regard, as described in Example 3 of the present disclosure, the codeword for the physical channel may be determined based on the number of TCI groups to which one or more TCI states applied to the physical channel belong among the TCI groups.

[0463] According to the present disclosure, if the number of TCI groups to which one or more TCI states belong is greater than or equal to 2, the number of codewords for a physical channel may be determined to be equal to the number of TCI groups to which one or more TCI states belong.

[0464] For example, N (where N is a natural number) TCI states are applied to a physical channel, and among the N TCI states, M (where M is a natural number) TCI states are included in a first TCI group, and (NM) TCI states may be included in a second TCI group. In this case, the first device may receive a first codeword for the corresponding physical channel by applying a first MCS to a layer where M TCI states are applied, and receive a second codeword for the corresponding physical channel by applying a second MCS to a layer where (NM) TCI states are applied.

[0465] Additionally, in response to the reception of the signal at step S1620, the first device may transmit HARQ-ACK (Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest Acknowledgement) information. At this time, if an ACK occurs for the reception of the first codeword and a NACK (negative ACK) occurs for the reception of the second codeword, at least one of M TCI states may be applied to the transmission of the HARQ-ACK information.

[0466] Additionally, layers to which TCI state(s) belonging to the same TCI group are applied can be mapped to the same codeword.

[0467] Additionally, according to the present disclosure, if one or more of the aforementioned TCI states belong to a single TCI group, the number of codewords for a physical channel may be determined according to the rank value, number of layers, or number of DMRS ports set for the physical channel.

[0468] Additionally, according to the present disclosure, when the number of codewords for a physical channel is 1, the number of MCS or modulations applied to said codeword may be determined to be equal to the number of TCI groups to which one or more of the aforementioned TCI states belong. For example, if said one or more TCI states belong to L TCI groups (where L is a natural number), said codeword may be divided into L segments. Here, different MCS or different modulations may be applied to the L segments.

[0469] Additionally, as described in Example 1 of the present disclosure, the TCI groups in step S1610 may be configured based on at least one of i) channel quality associated with the TCI state, ii) whether antenna coherence between the TCI states is supported, iii) whether time sync between the TCI states is supported, iv) the degree of backhaul link delay between the transmission and reception points (TRPs) associated with the TCI state, or v) the arrangement relationship between the TRPs or panels associated with the TCI state.

[0470] The method described in the example of FIG. 16 can be performed by the wireless device (200) of FIG. 3. That is, the first device of FIG. 16 can be implemented as the wireless device (200). For example, one or more processors (202) of the wireless device (200) of FIG. 3 can be configured to check the configuration of TCI groups associated with a TCI state and, based on the configuration of said TCI groups, to receive or transmit a signal through a physical channel. Furthermore, one or more memories (204) of the wireless device (200) can store instructions for performing the method described in the example of FIG. 16 or the examples described above when executed by one or more processors (202).

[0471] FIG. 17 is a drawing for explaining the operation of a second device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0472] The second device can set / instruct the configuration of TCI groups related to the TCI state (S1710).

[0473] For example, the TCI groups may mean the TCI state groups and / or TCI state subgroups described in Example 1 of the present disclosure.

[0474] The second device can transmit or receive signals and / or information through a physical channel based on the configuration of the TCI groups (S1720).

[0475] For example, the physical channel may include a PDSCH associated with the downlink or a PUSCH associated with the uplink.

[0476] In this regard, as described in Example 3 of the present disclosure, the codeword for the physical channel may be determined based on the number of TCI groups to which one or more TCI states applied to the physical channel belong among the TCI groups.

[0477] According to the present disclosure, if the number of TCI groups to which one or more TCI states belong is greater than or equal to 2, the number of codewords for a physical channel may be determined to be equal to the number of TCI groups to which one or more TCI states belong.

[0478] For example, N (where N is a natural number) TCI states are applied to a physical channel, and among the N TCI states, M (where M is a natural number) TCI states are included in a first TCI group, and (NM) TCI states may be included in a second TCI group. In this case, the first device may receive a first codeword for the corresponding physical channel by applying a first MCS to a layer where M TCI states are applied, and receive a second codeword for the corresponding physical channel by applying a second MCS to a layer where (NM) TCI states are applied.

[0479] Additionally, in response to the transmission of the signal in step S1720, the second device may receive HARQ-ACK (Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest Acknowledgement) information. At this time, if an ACK occurs in the first device for the reception of the first codeword and a NACK (negative ACK) occurs for the reception of the second codeword, at least one of M TCI states may be applied for the reception of the HARQ-ACK information.

[0480] Additionally, layers to which TCI state(s) belonging to the same TCI group are applied can be mapped to the same codeword.

[0481] Additionally, according to the present disclosure, if one or more of the aforementioned TCI states belong to a single TCI group, the number of codewords for a physical channel may be determined according to the rank value, number of layers, or number of DMRS ports set for the physical channel.

[0482] Additionally, according to the present disclosure, when the number of codewords for a physical channel is 1, the number of MCS or modulations applied to said codeword may be determined to be equal to the number of TCI groups to which one or more of the aforementioned TCI states belong. For example, if said one or more TCI states belong to L TCI groups (where L is a natural number), said codeword may be divided into L segments. Here, different MCS or different modulations may be applied to the L segments.

[0483] Additionally, as described in Example 1 of the present disclosure, the TCI groups in step S1710 may be configured based on at least one of i) channel quality associated with the TCI state, ii) whether antenna coherence between the TCI states is supported, iii) whether time sync between the TCI states is supported, iv) the degree of backhaul link delay between the transmission and reception points (TRPs) associated with the TCI state, or v) the arrangement relationship between the TRPs or panels associated with the TCI state.

[0484] The method described in the example of FIG. 17 can be performed by the wireless device (200) of FIG. 3. That is, the first device of FIG. 16 can be implemented as the wireless device (200). For example, one or more processors (202) of the wireless device (200) of FIG. 3 can be configured to set / instruct the configuration of TCI groups associated with a TCI state, and based on the configuration of said TCI groups, to transmit or receive a signal through a physical channel. Furthermore, one or more memories (204) of the wireless device (200) can store instructions for performing the method described in the example of FIG. 17 or the examples described above when executed by one or more processors (202).

[0485] The embodiments described above of the present disclosure may be applied independently. Additionally or alternatively, all or part of each operation of the embodiments described above of the present disclosure may be performed in combination.

[0486] Although the method proposed in this disclosure has been described with an example applied to 3GPP LTE / LTE-A, 5G, and 6G systems, it is possible to apply it to various wireless communication systems in addition to 3GPP LTE / LTE-A, 5G, and 6G systems.

Claims

1. A step of verifying the configuration of TCI groups associated with the transmission configuration indicator (TCI) status; and Based on the configuration of the above TCI groups, the method includes the step of receiving or transmitting a signal through a physical channel, wherein A method in which a codeword for the physical channel is determined based on the number of TCI groups to which one or more TCI states applied to the physical channel belong among the TCI groups.

2. In Paragraph 1, A method in which the number of codewords is determined to be equal to the number of TCI groups to which the one or more TCI states belong, based on the fact that the number of TCI groups to which the one or more TCI states belong is greater than or equal to 2.

3. In Paragraph 2, Based on the fact that N (where N is a natural number) TCI states are applied to the above physical channel, and among the N TCI states, M (where M is a natural number) TCI states are included in a first TCI group and (NM) TCI states are included in a second TCI group, The first codeword for the above physical channel is received by applying the first MCS (modulation and coding scheme) to the layer to which the M TCI states are applied, and A method in which a second codeword for the above physical channel is received by applying a second MCS to a layer to which the (NM) TCI states are applied.

4. In Paragraph 2, The method further includes the step of transmitting HARQ-ACK (Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest Acknowledgement) information in response to the reception of the above signal, A method in which at least one of the M TCI states is applied to the transmission of the HARQ-ACK information based on the occurrence of an ACK (Acknowledgement) upon the reception of the first codeword and a NACK (negative ACK) upon the reception of the second codeword.

5. In Paragraph 2, A method in which layers to which TCI states belonging to the same TCI group are applied are mapped to the same codeword.

6. In Paragraph 1, A method in which, based on one or more of the above TCI states belonging to a single TCI group, the number of codewords is determined according to a rank value, the number of layers, or the number of DMRS (demodulation reference signal) ports set for the physical channel.

7. In Paragraph 1, A method in which, based on the fact that the number of codewords is 1, the number of MCS or modulations applied to the codewords is determined to be equal to the number of TCI groups to which one or more TCI states belong.

8. In Paragraph 7, Based on the fact that one or more of the above TCI states belong to L groups of TCIs (where L is a natural number), the codeword is divided into L segments, and A method in which different MCS or different modulations are applied to the above L segments.

9. In Paragraph 1, The above physical channel is a method corresponding to PDSCH (physical downlink shared channel) or PUSCH (physical uplink shared channel).

10. In Paragraph 1, A method comprising configuring the above TCI groups based on at least one of i) channel quality associated with the TCI state, ii) whether antenna coherence between the TCI states is supported, iii) whether time sync between the TCI states is supported, iv) the degree of backhaul link delay between transmission and reception points (TRPs) associated with the TCI state, or v) the arrangement relationship between TRPs or panels associated with the TCI state.

11. One or more transceivers; and It includes one or more processors connected to the above one or more transmitters and receivers, and The above one or more processors are: Check the configuration of TCI groups associated with the transmission configuration indicator (TCI) status; Based on the configuration of the above TCI groups, set to receive or transmit signals through a physical channel, A device in which a codeword for the physical channel is determined based on the number of TCI groups to which one or more TCI states applied to the physical channel belong among the TCI groups.

12. A step of setting or indicating the configuration of TCI groups associated with a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) status; and Based on the configuration of the above TCI groups, the method includes the step of transmitting or receiving a signal through a physical channel, A method in which a codeword for the physical channel is determined based on the number of TCI groups to which one or more TCI states applied to the physical channel belong among the TCI groups.

13. One or more transceivers; and It includes one or more processors connected to the above one or more transmitters and receivers, and The above one or more processors are: Establish or indicate the configuration of TCI groups associated with the transmission configuration indicator (TCI) status; Based on the configuration of the above TCI groups, the system is configured to transmit or receive signals through a physical channel, A device in which a codeword for the physical channel is determined based on the number of TCI groups to which one or more TCI states applied to the physical channel belong among the TCI groups.

14. One or more processors; and A processing device comprising one or more computer memories that are operably connected to one or more processors and store instructions for performing a method according to any one of claims 1 to 10 based on execution by one or more processors.

15. One or more non-transitory computer-readable media storing one or more instructions that are executed by one or more processors to control the execution of a method according to any one of claims 1 through 10.

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