Construction machine

Abstract

A construction machine of the present invention comprises: a boom cylinder for driving a boom; an arm cylinder for driving an arm; a bucket cylinder for driving a bucket; a swing motor for swinging an upper body; a travel motor for causing a lower travel body to travel; a main pump for discharging a working fluid; a hydraulic line connected to the main pump so that the working fluid moves from the boom cylinder to the travel motor; a control valve for controlling the state in which the working fluid discharged from the main pump is supplied and discharged from the boom cylinder to the travel motor; an acceleration sensor unit for detecting the movement of a working part; and a bucket control valve for controlling the operation of the bucket cylinder according to the direction of the force applied to the bucket cylinder and the operation direction of the bucket detected through the acceleration sensor unit.

Description

Construction machinery

[0001] The present invention relates to a construction machine capable of preventing unnecessary energy loss that may occur depending on the various operations of an excavator.

[0002] Generally, construction machinery refers to all machinery used in civil engineering, construction, or industrial sites. Generally, construction machinery has an engine and a hydraulic pump operated by the engine's power, and uses the power generated through the engine and hydraulic pump to drive or operate various work devices.

[0003] For example, excavators, a type of construction machine, perform tasks such as excavation work to dig the ground, loading work to transport soil, crushing work to demolish buildings, and leveling work to prepare the ground at civil engineering, construction, and construction sites.

[0004] An excavator is a construction machine that performs tasks such as excavation work to dig the ground, loading work to transport soil, crushing work to demolish buildings, and leveling work to prepare the ground at civil engineering, construction, and construction sites. It consists of a driving body that serves as the moving part of the equipment, an upper slewing body mounted on the driving body that rotates 360 degrees, and a working device.

[0005] In addition, the excavator includes a travel motor used for travel, a swing motor used for swinging the upper body, and drive devices such as a boom cylinder, arm cylinder, bucket cylinder, and optional cylinder used for the working device. These drive devices are driven by hydraulic fluid discharged from a variable displacement hydraulic pump driven by an engine or an electric motor.

[0006] When performing a front operation using a boom, arm, or bucket in the above-mentioned conventional excavator, the direction of gravity applied to the bucket changes depending on the position, and the direction of rotational force changes depending on the direction of gravity. In this case, the force applied to the bucket cylinder changes during the front operation of the excavator.

[0007] In this case, the MCV (Main Control Valve) generates pressure loss by controlling the meter-out area of ​​the bucket spool, and due to the generated pressure loss, the pressure of the bucket cylinder is maintained at a higher level than necessary.

[0008] Embodiments of the present invention aim to provide a construction machine with improved operational safety and work efficiency.

[0009] A construction machine according to one embodiment of the present invention includes: a boom cylinder for driving a boom; an arm cylinder for driving an arm; a bucket cylinder for driving a bucket; a slewing motor for rotating an upper body; a driving motor provided for driving a lower body; a main pump provided for discharging hydraulic fluid; a hydraulic line connected to the main pump so that hydraulic fluid moves from the boom cylinder to the driving motor; a control valve for controlling the state in which hydraulic fluid discharged from the main pump is supplied and discharged from the boom cylinder to the driving motor; an acceleration sensor unit for detecting movement of a work part; and a bucket control valve provided for controlling the operation of the bucket cylinder according to the direction of force applied to the bucket cylinder and the direction of operation of the bucket detected through the acceleration sensor unit.

[0010] The bucket cylinder is connected to a piston rod hydraulic line that communicates with the piston rod chamber of the bucket cylinder after branching from the hydraulic line; and a piston head hydraulic line that communicates with the piston head chamber of the bucket cylinder.

[0011] The bucket control valve includes a first bucket control valve installed in the piston head hydraulic line; and a second bucket control valve installed in the piston rod hydraulic line.

[0012] The bucket control valve above regulates the movement of the hydraulic fluid through area control based on the force applied to the bucket cylinder.

[0013] When the boom and arm are reached to the maximum extent and the bucket is pushed to the maximum extent, and the direction of the rotational force applied to the bucket and the direction of the force applied to the bucket cylinder coincide with each other, the opening amount of the first bucket control valve is adjusted and the operating speed of the bucket is adjusted.

[0014] When the boom and arm are reached to the maximum and the bucket is dumped to the maximum, and the direction of the rotational force applied to the bucket and the direction of the force applied to the bucket cylinder coincide with each other during crowd operation, the opening amount of the second bucket control valve is adjusted, and the operating speed of the bucket is adjusted.

[0015] When the boom and arm are reached to a minimum and the bucket is dumped in a crowded state, if the direction of the rotational force applied to the bucket and the direction of the force applied to the bucket cylinder coincide with each other, the opening amount of the first bucket control valve is adjusted and the operating speed of the bucket is adjusted.

[0016] When the boom and arm are at a minimum reach and the bucket is in a maximum dump state, and the direction of the rotational force applied to the bucket and the direction of the force applied to the bucket cylinder coincide with each other, the opening amount of the second bucket control valve is adjusted, and the operating speed of the bucket is adjusted.

[0017] Embodiments of the present invention can facilitate the stable supply and movement of hydraulic fluid according to various operations of construction machinery.

[0018] Embodiments of the present invention can improve work efficiency by improving the operational safety of the bucket regardless of the various operations of the arm, boom, and bucket equipped in the construction machine.

[0019] FIG. 1 is a drawing illustrating a construction machine according to the present embodiment.

[0020] FIG. 2 is an operating state diagram of a construction machine according to the present embodiment.

[0021] Figure 3 is an operating state diagram of a bucket control valve according to the operating state of Figure 2.

[0022] FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing first and second bucket control valves connected to a bucket cylinder according to the present embodiment.

[0023] FIG. 5 is another operating state of the construction machine according to the present embodiment.

[0024] FIG. 6 is an operating state diagram of a bucket control valve according to the operating state of FIG. 5.

[0025] FIG. 7 is another operating state of the construction machine according to the present embodiment.

[0026] FIG. 8 is an operating state diagram of a bucket control valve according to the operating state of FIG. 7.

[0027] FIG. 9 is another operating state of the construction machine according to the present embodiment.

[0028] FIG. 10 is an operating state diagram of a bucket control valve according to the operating state of FIG. 9.

[0029] The advantages and features of the present disclosure and the methods for achieving them will become clear by referring to the embodiments described below in detail together with the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below but may be implemented in various different forms. These embodiments are provided merely to ensure that the disclosure of the present disclosure is complete and to fully inform those skilled in the art of the scope of the disclosure, and the present disclosure is defined only by the scope of the claims. Throughout the specification, like reference numerals refer to like components.

[0030] When one component is referred to as being "connected to" or "coupled to" another component, it includes cases where it is directly connected or coupled to the other component, or cases where another component is interposed. Conversely, when one component is referred to as being "directly connected to" or "directly coupled to" another component, it indicates that no other component is interposed. "And / or" includes each of the mentioned items and all combinations of one or more of them.

[0031] The terms used herein are for describing embodiments and are not intended to limit the disclosure. In this specification, the singular form includes the plural form unless specifically stated otherwise in the text. As used herein, "comprises" and / or "comprising" do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other components, steps, actions, and / or elements to the mentioned components, steps, actions, and / or elements.

[0032] Although terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used to describe various components, it goes without saying that these components are not limited by these terms. These terms are used merely to distinguish one component from another.

[0033]

[0034] A construction machine according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Attached FIG. 1 is a drawing illustrating a construction machine according to the present embodiment, FIG. 2 is a diagram of the operating state of the construction machine according to the present embodiment, FIG. 3 is a diagram of the operating state of a bucket control valve according to the operating state of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram illustrating first and second bucket control valves connected to a bucket cylinder according to the present embodiment.

[0035] Before explaining, the construction machine according to this embodiment is limited to an excavator.

[0036]

[0037] Referring to the attached FIGS. 1 to 4, the construction machine according to the present embodiment comprises a boom cylinder (10) for driving a boom (11), an arm cylinder (20) for driving an arm (21), a bucket cylinder (30) for driving a bucket (31), a pivot motor (40) for pivoting an upper body (2), a driving motor (50) provided for driving a lower body, a main pump (100) provided for discharging hydraulic fluid, a hydraulic line (400) connected to the main pump (100) so that hydraulic fluid moves from the boom cylinder (10) to the driving motor (50), a control valve (500) for controlling the state in which hydraulic fluid discharged from the main pump (100) is supplied and discharged from the boom cylinder (10) to the driving motor (50), an acceleration sensor unit (70) for detecting movement of a work part, and the direction of the force applied to the bucket cylinder (30), and the It includes a bucket control valve (600) provided to control the operation of the bucket cylinder (30) according to the direction of operation of the bucket (31) detected through the acceleration sensor unit (70).

[0038] The boom cylinder (10), arm cylinder (20), bucket cylinder (30), and slewing motor (40) above correspond to drive devices used in an excavator.

[0039] The acceleration sensor unit (70) according to the present embodiment is mounted on the bucket (31), the arm (21), the boom (11), and the upper body, respectively, and measures the acceleration of the work area in real time and then transmits it to the control unit (not shown).

[0040] The above acceleration sensor unit (70) is composed of, for example, a boom acceleration sensor (71), an arm acceleration sensor (72), a bucket acceleration sensor (73), and an upper body acceleration sensor (74).

[0041] In this embodiment, a storage unit (200) is provided for storing hydraulic fluid, and the storage unit (200) uses an accumulator.

[0042]

[0043] The main pump (100) according to the present embodiment is provided to discharge working fluid to the boom cylinder (10), arm cylinder (20), bucket cylinder (30) to be described later, the slewing motor (40), and the optional work cylinder (60).

[0044] The above main pump (100) is composed of a first pump (110), a second pump (120), and a third pump (130), respectively, and the discharge pressure and flow rate are controlled by a control unit.

[0045] The hydraulic line (400) includes a first hydraulic line (410) formed to allow the hydraulic fluid discharged from the first pump (110) to move, a second hydraulic line (420) to allow the hydraulic fluid discharged from the second pump (120) to move, and a third hydraulic line (430) to allow the hydraulic fluid discharged from the third pump (130) to move.

[0046]

[0047] In the bucket cylinder (30) according to the present embodiment, after branching from the hydraulic line (400), a piston rod hydraulic line (36) communicating with the piston rod chamber (32) of the bucket cylinder (30) and a piston head hydraulic line (38) communicating with the piston head chamber (34) of the bucket cylinder (30) are connected.

[0048] Additionally, the bucket control valve (600) includes a first bucket control valve (610) installed in the piston head hydraulic line (38) and a second bucket control valve (620) installed in the piston rod hydraulic line (36).

[0049] The first bucket control valve (610) is installed in the piston head hydraulic line (38), and the second bucket control valve (620) is installed in the piston rod hydraulic line (36). The bucket control valve (600) controls the movement of the hydraulic fluid through area control based on the force applied to the bucket cylinder (30).

[0050] Referring to the attached FIGS. 2 to 4, in this embodiment, the boom (11) and arm (21) of the excavator are maximally reached and the bucket (31) is maximally closed, and when the direction of rotational force applied to the bucket (31) and the direction of force (F) applied to the bucket cylinder (30) coincide with each other, the opening amount of the first bucket control valve (610) is adjusted and the operating speed of the bucket (31) is adjusted.

[0051] As shown in the drawing, when the boom (11) and arm (21) are maximally reached and the bucket (31) is maximally crowded, rotational force is generated in the direction of the arrow on the bucket (31), and the force (F) applied to the bucket cylinder (30) is applied in a direction that compresses the bucket cylinder (30).

[0052]

[0053] The bucket (31) generates a rotational force that rotates counterclockwise due to inertia without requiring any additional operation. The direction in which the rotational force is generated corresponds to the direction of compression from the side of the bucket cylinder (30), and the bucket cylinder (30) is compressed in the direction of the force (F).

[0054] In this case, the hydraulic fluid is supplied through the piston rod hydraulic line (36) and then moves via the piston head hydraulic line (38) with the opening amount controlled at the first bucket control valve (610).

[0055] Since the opening amount of the first bucket control valve (610) is controlled based on information detected through the bucket acceleration sensor (73), the first bucket control valve (610) can be controlled at an optimal ratio.

[0056] In this case, the bucket cylinder (30) can be stably compressed according to the rotational speed of the bucket (31) by the first bucket control valve (610).

[0057]

[0058] Referring to the attached FIGS. 5 and 6, in this embodiment, when the boom (11) and arm (21) of the excavator are maximally reached and the bucket (31) is maximally dumped, and the direction of rotational force applied to the bucket (31) and the direction of force applied to the bucket cylinder (30) coincide with each other, the opening amount of the second bucket control valve (620) is adjusted, and the operating speed of the bucket (31) is adjusted.

[0059] As shown in the drawing, when the boom (11) and arm (21) are maximally reached and the bucket (31) is maximally dumped, rotational force is generated in the direction of the arrow on the bucket (31), and the force (F) applied to the bucket cylinder (30) is applied in a direction that tensions the bucket cylinder (30).

[0060] The bucket (31) generates a rotational force that rotates clockwise due to inertia without requiring any additional operation. The direction in which the rotational force is generated corresponds to the direction of tensioning from the side of the bucket cylinder (30), and the bucket cylinder (30) is tensioned in the direction of the force (F).

[0061] In this case, the hydraulic fluid is supplied through the piston head hydraulic line (38) and then moves via the piston rod hydraulic line (36) with the opening amount controlled at the second bucket control valve (620).

[0062] Since the opening amount of the second bucket control valve (620) is controlled based on information detected through the bucket acceleration sensor (73), the second bucket control valve (620) can be controlled at an optimal ratio.

[0063] In this case, the bucket cylinder (30) can be stably tensioned according to the rotational speed of the bucket (31) by the second bucket control valve (620).

[0064]

[0065] Referring to the attached FIGS. 7 and 8, in this embodiment, when the boom (11) and arm (21) of the excavator are reached to a minimum and the bucket (31) is dumped in a crowded state, the direction of rotational force applied to the bucket (31) and the direction of force applied to the bucket cylinder (30) coincide with each other, the opening amount of the first bucket control valve (610) is adjusted, and the operating speed of the bucket (31) is adjusted.

[0066] As shown in the drawing, the boom (11) and arm (21) are minimized in reach, and when the bucket (31) is dumped in a crowded state, rotational force is generated in the direction of the arrow on the bucket, and the force (F) applied to the bucket cylinder (30) is applied in a direction that compresses the bucket cylinder (30).

[0067] The bucket (31) generates a rotational force that rotates counterclockwise due to inertia without requiring any additional operation. The direction in which the rotational force is generated corresponds to the direction of compression from the side of the bucket cylinder (30), and the bucket cylinder (30) is compressed in the direction of the force (F).

[0068] In this case, the hydraulic fluid is supplied through the piston rod hydraulic line (36) and then moves via the piston head hydraulic line (38) with the opening amount controlled at the first bucket control valve (610).

[0069] Since the opening amount of the first bucket control valve (610) is controlled based on information detected through the bucket acceleration sensor (73), the first bucket control valve (610) can be controlled at an optimal ratio.

[0070] In this case, the bucket cylinder (30) can be stably compressed according to the rotational speed of the bucket (31) by the first bucket control valve (610).

[0071]

[0072] Referring to the attached FIGS. 9 and 10, in this embodiment, when the boom (11) and arm (21) of the excavator are at a minimum reach and the bucket (31) is in a maximum dump state and the direction of the rotational force applied to the bucket (31) and the direction of the force applied to the bucket cylinder (30) coincide with each other, the opening amount of the second bucket control valve (620) is adjusted and the operating speed of the bucket (31) is adjusted.

[0073] As shown in the drawing, the boom (11) and arm (221) are minimized in reach, and when the bucket (31) is in a dump state and the crowd operation is performed, the bucket (31) generates rotational force in the direction of the arrow, and the force (F) applied to the bucket cylinder (30) is applied in a direction that tensions the bucket cylinder (30).

[0074] The bucket (31) generates a rotational force that rotates clockwise due to inertia without requiring any additional operation. The direction in which the rotational force is generated corresponds to the direction of tensioning from the side of the bucket cylinder (30), and the bucket cylinder (30) is tensioned in the direction of the force (F).

[0075] In this case, the hydraulic fluid is supplied through the piston rod hydraulic line (36) and then moves via the piston head hydraulic line (38) with the opening amount controlled at the second bucket control valve (620).

[0076] Since the opening amount of the second bucket control valve (620) is controlled based on information detected through the bucket acceleration sensor (73), the second bucket control valve (620) can be controlled at an optimal ratio.

[0077] In this case, the bucket cylinder (30) can be stably compressed according to the rotational speed of the bucket (31) by the second bucket control valve (620).

[0078]

[0079] Although an embodiment of the present invention has been described above, those skilled in the art may modify and change the present invention in various ways by adding, changing, deleting, or adding components, etc., without departing from the spirit of the present invention as described in the claims, and such modifications and changes are also to be included within the scope of the rights of the present invention.

[0080] These embodiments allow the bucket to be operated stably and used regardless of the various operations of the construction machine.

Claims

1. A boom cylinder that drives the boom; Arm cylinder driving the arm; Bucket cylinder driving the bucket; Slewing motor that rotates the upper body; A driving motor provided to drive the lower body; A main pump configured to discharge working fluid; A hydraulic line connected to the main pump (100) so that operating fluid can be moved from the boom cylinder to the travel motor; A control valve that controls the state in which the operating fluid discharged from the main pump is supplied and discharged from the boom cylinder to the travel motor; An acceleration sensor unit that detects movement of the work area; and A construction machine comprising a bucket control valve provided to control the operation of the bucket cylinder according to the direction of the force applied to the bucket cylinder and the direction of operation of the bucket detected through the acceleration sensor unit.

2. In Paragraph 1, The bucket cylinder is connected to a piston rod hydraulic line that is branched from the hydraulic line and communicates with the piston rod chamber of the bucket cylinder; A construction machine connected to a piston head hydraulic line communicating with the piston head chamber of the above bucket cylinder.

3. In Paragraph 2, The bucket control valve above is a first bucket control valve installed in the piston head hydraulic line; A construction machine including a second bucket control valve installed in the above piston rod hydraulic line.

4. In Paragraph 3, The above bucket control valve is a construction machine that controls the movement of hydraulic fluid through area control by the force applied to the bucket cylinder.

5. In Paragraph 1, A construction machine in which the operating speed of the bucket is controlled by adjusting the opening amount of the first bucket control valve when the boom and arm are maximally reached and the bucket is maximally crowded, and the direction of the rotational force applied to the bucket and the direction of the force applied to the bucket cylinder coincide with each other.

6. In Paragraph 3, A construction machine in which the operating speed of the bucket is controlled by adjusting the opening amount of the second bucket control valve when the direction of rotational force applied to the bucket and the direction of force applied to the bucket cylinder coincide with each other during crowd operation when the boom and arm are maximally reached and the bucket is maximally dumped.

7. In Paragraph 1, A construction machine in which the operating speed of the bucket is controlled by adjusting the opening amount of the first bucket control valve when the boom and arm are minimized in reach and the direction of rotational force applied to the bucket and the direction of force applied to the bucket cylinder coincide with each other during dump operation in the crowded state.

8. In Paragraph 3, A construction machine in which the operating speed of the bucket is controlled by adjusting the opening amount of the second bucket control valve when the direction of rotational force applied to the bucket and the direction of force applied to the bucket cylinder coincide with each other when the boom and arm are at a minimum reach and the bucket is in a maximum dump state during crowd operation.

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