Method and device for radio resource configuration in internet of things network

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and a device for radio resource configuration in an ambient-IoT (A-IoT) network. A method, of a base station, for radio resource configuration comprises the steps of: receiving a service request for an A-IoT network from a core network; on the basis of the service request, generating transmission scheduling information and resource configuration information for connecting to at least one device; determining a topology type of the A-IoT network; and, on the basis of the topology type, transmitting the resource configuration information and the transmission scheduling information to mutually different communication nodes.

Description

Method and device for configuring wireless resources in an Internet of Things network

[0001] The present disclosure relates to Internet of Things (IoT) technology, and more specifically, to a method and apparatus for establishing wireless resources in an ambient IoT (A-IoT) network.

[0002] Along with the advancement of information and communication technology, various wireless communication technologies are being developed. Representative wireless communication technologies include LTE (long term evolution) and NR (new radio), which are defined in the 3GPP (3rd generation partnership project) standards. LTE can be one of the wireless communication technologies among 4G (4th Generation) wireless communication technologies, and NR can be one of the wireless communication technologies among 5G (5th Generation) wireless communication technologies.

[0003] To handle the surge in wireless data following the commercialization of 4G communication systems (e.g., communication systems supporting LTE), 5G communication systems (e.g., communication systems supporting NR) that use frequency bands higher than those of 4G communication systems (e.g., frequency bands below 6 GHz) are being considered. 5G communication systems can support eMBB (enhanced Mobile BroadBand), URLLC (Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communication), and mMTC (massive Machine Type Communication).

[0004] Recently, Internet of Things (IoT) technology, in which multiple things are interconnected and operate, has been receiving significant attention. IoT technology can constitute a communication network comprising one or more readers and IoT devices. The reader may be at least one of a base station, an immediate node, or a user equipment (UE). IoT devices can be deployed in large quantities, for example, in thousands or more, to accommodate various applications while further reducing size, complexity, and power consumption. However, manually replacing or recharging the batteries of IoT devices can be difficult due to issues such as maintenance or management. Therefore, ambient IoT (A-IoT) technology is required to support IoT devices in communication networks that lack energy storage functions, such as batteries, or IoT devices that do not require manual battery replacement.

[0005] The objective of the present disclosure to address the above-mentioned requirements is to provide a method and apparatus for configuring wireless resources of a device in an IoT network.

[0006] A method of a base station for wireless resource configuration according to an embodiment of the present disclosure for achieving the above objective may include: receiving a service request for an ambient-internet of things (A-IoT) network from a core network; generating resource configuration information and transmission scheduling information for connection with at least one device based on the service request; determining a topology type of the A-IoT network; and transmitting the resource configuration information and the transmission scheduling information to different communication nodes based on the topology type.

[0007] The step of transmitting to the different communication nodes may include transmitting an A-IoT frame containing the resource configuration information and the transmission scheduling information to the device when the topology type is a topology in which the base station and the device are directly connected, and transmitting the resource configuration information and the transmission scheduling information to the intermediate node when the topology type is a topology in which an intermediate node is included between the base station and the device.

[0008] The above A-IoT frame may include a PRDCH (physical reader to device channel) and a PDRCH (physical device to reader channel). The PRDCH and the PDRCH may be placed in the same slot or different slots in the A-IoT frame.

[0009] The above PRDCH may include at least one of a resource configuration section, a paging section, or an R2D (reader to device) data section, and the above PDRCH may include at least one of a random access section or a D2R (device to reader) data section.

[0010] The step of generating the resource configuration information and transmission scheduling information may include: generating common resource configuration information including at least one of slot configuration information of the A-IoT transmission frame, PRDCH resource common configuration information, or PDRCH resource common configuration information; and generating device-specific resource configuration information including at least one of a device ID for a specific device, wireless resource information for receiving R2D data, or wireless resource information for transmitting D2R data.

[0011] The step of generating the above device-specific resource setting information may include defining a plurality of device-specific resources within the resource setting section of the A-IoT transmission frame and performing resource index-based scheduling that maps at least one device-specific resource index among the plurality of device-specific resources to the device ID.

[0012] The step of generating the above device-specific resource setting information may include the step of performing resource setting-based scheduling that links the device ID with the specific resource information assigned to the device.

[0013] The step of generating the resource setting information and transmission scheduling information may include generating the transmission scheduling information based on either a dynamic scheduling method or a semi-persistent scheduling method.

[0014] The method may further include the step of transmitting a paging message to the device through the paging interval of the A-IoT transmission frame. The paging message may include at least one D2R resource configuration information for initial access or re-access of the device.

[0015] The step of transmitting the paging message may include transmitting a single paging message for reconnecting the device in one access round that includes at least one access occasion.

[0016] The above at least one D2R resource configuration information may include either shared resource pool information or separate resource pool information. In the shared resource pool indicated by the shared resource pool information, the D2R resource for reconnecting the device and the D2R resource for initial connection of the device share the same resource area, and in the separate resource pool indicated by the separate resource pool information, the D2R resource for reconnecting the device and the D2R resource for initial connection of the device may be separated into different resource areas.

[0017] A base station for wireless resource configuration according to an embodiment of the present disclosure for achieving the above objective may include at least one processor. The at least one processor may cause the base station to receive a service request for an ambient-internet of things (A-IoT) network from a core network, generate resource configuration information and transmission scheduling information for connection with at least one device based on the service request, determine a topology type of the A-IoT network, and transmit the resource configuration information and the transmission scheduling information to different communication nodes based on the topology type.

[0018] To transmit to the above different communication nodes, the at least one processor may cause the base station to transmit an A-IoT frame including the resource configuration information and the transmission scheduling information to the device when the topology type is a topology in which the base station and the device are directly connected, and to transmit the resource configuration information and the transmission scheduling information to the intermediate node when the topology type is a topology in which an intermediate node is included between the base station and the device.

[0019] The above A-IoT frame may include a PRDCH (physical reader to device channel) and a PDRCH (physical device to reader channel). The PRDCH may include at least one of a resource configuration section, a paging section, or an R2D (reader to device) data section. The PDRCH may include at least one of a random access section or a D2R (device to reader) data section. The PRDCH and the PDRCH may be placed in the same slot or different slots within the A-IoT frame.

[0020] To generate the above resource configuration information and transmission scheduling information, the at least one processor may cause the base station to generate common resource configuration information including at least one of slot configuration information of the A-IoT transmission frame, PRDCH resource common configuration information, or PDRCH resource common configuration information, and to generate device-specific resource configuration information including at least one of a device ID for a specific device, radio resource information for receiving R2D data, or radio resource information for transmitting D2R data.

[0021] To generate the above device-specific resource setting information, the at least one processor may cause the base station to define a plurality of device-specific resources within the resource setting interval of the A-IoT transmission frame and to perform either resource index-based scheduling that maps at least one device-specific resource index among the plurality of device-specific resources to the device ID, or resource setting-based scheduling that links the device ID with specific resource information allocated to the device.

[0022] To generate the above resource setting information and transmission scheduling information, the at least one processor may cause the base station to generate the transmission scheduling information based on either a dynamic scheduling method or a semi-persistent scheduling method.

[0023] The above at least one processor may further cause the base station to transmit a paging message to the device through the paging interval of the A-IoT transmission frame. The paging message may include at least one D2R resource configuration information for initial access or re-access of the device.

[0024] To transmit the paging message, the at least one processor may cause the base station to transmit a single paging message for the reconnection of the device in one access round including at least one access occasion.

[0025] The above at least one D2R resource configuration information may include either shared resource pool information or separate resource pool information. In the shared resource pool indicated by the shared resource pool information, the D2R resource for reconnecting the device and the D2R resource for initial connection of the device share the same resource area, and in the separate resource pool indicated by the separate resource pool information, the D2R resource for reconnecting the device and the D2R resource for initial connection of the device may be separated into different resource areas.

[0026] According to the present disclosure, a base station can variably configure wireless resource configuration and transmission scheduling based on the topology type of an A-IoT network, thereby increasing the communication reliability of A-IoT devices and the utilization efficiency of wireless resources. In addition, the base station can control the initial connection or reconnection operation of devices through paging messages, thereby preventing collisions between multiple A-IoT devices and increasing the reliability of data transmission and reception.

[0027] Figure 1 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a communication network.

[0028] FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of a communication node of a communication network.

[0029] FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a topology type of an ambient IoT (A-IoT) network.

[0030] FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an example of time resource configuration for a wireless transmission frame of a communication network.

[0031] FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing another embodiment of the wireless transmission frame of FIG. 4.

[0032] FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing another embodiment of the wireless transmission frame of FIG. 4.

[0033] FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of frequency resource configuration for a wireless transmission frame.

[0034] FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of frequency resource configuration for an A-IoT transmission frame of an A-IoT network.

[0035] FIG. 9 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of an A-IoT transmission frame.

[0036] FIG. 10 is a conceptual diagram showing one embodiment of an A-IoT transmission frame structure.

[0037] FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram showing another embodiment of an A-IoT transmission frame structure.

[0038] FIG. 12 is a conceptual diagram showing another embodiment of the structure of an A-IoT transmission frame.

[0039] FIG. 13 is a conceptual diagram showing another embodiment of an A-IoT transmission frame structure.

[0040] FIG. 14 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an example of resource configuration and scheduling of a base station in an A-IoT network.

[0041] FIG. 15 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a resource structure according to a scheduling method.

[0042] FIG. 16 is a conceptual diagram showing another embodiment of a resource structure according to a scheduling method.

[0043] FIG. 17 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an example of dynamic scheduling operation of an A-IoT transmission frame.

[0044] FIG. 18 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an example of a semi-static scheduling operation of an A-IoT transmission frame.

[0045] FIG. 19 is a conceptual diagram illustrating another embodiment of the semi-static scheduling operation of an A-IoT transmission frame.

[0046] FIG. 20 is a flowchart illustrating an example of resource configuration and scheduling for an A-IoT network.

[0047] FIG. 21 is a flowchart illustrating another embodiment of resource configuration and scheduling for an A-IoT network.

[0048] FIG. 22 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of a base station for resource configuration and scheduling of an A-IoT network.

[0049] Figure 23 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of an intermediate node for resource configuration and scheduling in an A-IoT network.

[0050] Figure 24 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of a device for resource configuration and scheduling in an A-IoT network.

[0051] FIG. 25 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an example of a paging message for an A-IoT network.

[0052] FIG. 26 is a conceptual diagram showing another embodiment of a paging message for an A-IoT network.

[0053] FIG. 27 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a paging element field of a paging message.

[0054] FIG. 28 is a conceptual diagram showing another embodiment of the paging element field of a paging message.

[0055] FIG. 29 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an embodiment of a method for setting variable-length D2R transmission resources for paging messages.

[0056] FIG. 30 is a conceptual diagram showing another embodiment of a method for setting variable-length D2R transmission resources for paging messages.

[0057] FIG. 31 is a conceptual diagram showing another embodiment of a method for setting variable-length D2R transmission resources for paging messages.

[0058] FIG. 32 is a conceptual diagram showing another embodiment of a method for setting variable-length D2R transmission resources for paging messages.

[0059] FIG. 33 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an example of a method for setting a fixed-length D2R transmission resource for a paging message.

[0060] FIG. 34a is a conceptual diagram illustrating an example of connection opportunity information provided by a base station to a device.

[0061] FIG. 34b is a conceptual diagram illustrating another embodiment of connection opportunity information provided by a base station to a device.

[0062] FIG. 35 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a paging message transmission procedure between a base station and a device in an A-IoT network.

[0063] FIG. 36 is a flowchart illustrating another embodiment of the procedure for transmitting paging messages between a base station and a device in an A-IoT network.

[0064] FIG. 37 is a conceptual diagram illustrating examples of connection error types between a device and a base station in an A-IoT network.

[0065] FIG. 38 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an example of a single paging message-based reconnection process between a device and a base station.

[0066] FIG. 39 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an example of a reconnection process based on multiple paging messages between a device and a base station.

[0067] FIG. 40 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a D2R resource configuration for reconnection between a device and a base station.

[0068] FIG. 41 is a conceptual diagram showing another embodiment of a D2R resource configuration for reconnection between a device and a base station.

[0069] The present disclosure is capable of various modifications and may have various embodiments, and specific embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and described in detail. However, this is not intended to limit the present disclosure to specific embodiments, and it should be understood that it includes all modifications, equivalents, and substitutions that fall within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

[0070] Terms such as "first," "second," etc., may be used to describe various components, but said components should not be limited by said terms. Such terms are used solely for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, the first component may be named the second component, and similarly, the second component may be named the first component. The term "and / or" includes a combination of a plurality of related described items or any of a plurality of related described items.

[0071] When it is stated that one component is "connected" or "connected" to another component, it should be understood that while it may be directly connected or connected to that other component, there may also be other components in between. On the other hand, when it is stated that one component is "directly connected" or "directly connected" to another component, it should be understood that there are no other components in between.

[0072] The terms used in this disclosure are used merely to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this disclosure. The singular expression includes the plural expression unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this disclosure, terms such as “comprising” or “having” are intended to specify the existence of the features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof described in the specification, and should be understood as not precluding the existence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

[0073] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as generally understood by those skilled in the art to which this disclosure pertains. Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant technology, and should not be interpreted in an ideal or overly formal sense unless explicitly defined in this disclosure.

[0074] A communication network to which embodiments according to the present disclosure are applied will be described. The communication network may be a non-terrestrial network (NTN), a 4G communication network (e.g., a long-term evolution (LTE) communication network), a 5G communication network (e.g., a new radio (NR) communication network), a B5G mobile communication network (e.g., a 6G mobile communication network), etc. 4G communication networks and 5G communication networks may be classified as terrestrial networks.

[0075] In an embodiment, "an operation (e.g., a transmission operation) being set in a communication node" may mean that "setting information for said operation (e.g., an information element, a parameter)" and / or "information directing the execution of said operation" is signaled to said communication node. In other words, "an operation (e.g., a transmission operation) being set in a communication node" may mean that said communication node receives "setting information for said operation (e.g., an information element, a parameter)" and / or "information directing the execution of said operation." "An information element (e.g., a parameter) being set in a communication node" may mean that said information element is signaled to said communication node (e.g., said communication node receiving said information element). The signaling may be at least one of SI (system information) signaling (e.g., transmission of SIB (system information block) and / or MIB (master information block)), RRC signaling (e.g., transmission of RRC parameters and / or upper layer parameters), MAC CE (control element) signaling, or PHY signaling (e.g., transmission of DCI (downlink control information), UCI (uplink control information), and / or SCI (sidelink control information).

[0076] In the present disclosure, even when a method performed at a first communication node among the communication nodes (e.g., transmission or reception of a signal) is described, the corresponding second communication node may perform a method corresponding to the method performed at the first communication node (e.g., reception or transmission of a signal). For example, when the operation of a terminal is described, the base station corresponding to the terminal may perform an operation corresponding to the operation of the terminal. Conversely, when the operation of a base station is described, the terminal corresponding to the base station may perform an operation corresponding to the operation of the base station. Furthermore, when the operation of a first terminal is described, the second terminal corresponding to the first terminal may perform an operation corresponding to the operation of the first terminal. Conversely, when the operation of a second terminal is described, the first terminal corresponding to the second terminal may perform an operation corresponding to the operation of the second terminal.

[0077] In the present disclosure, a phrase containing "~ case (e.g., when ~)" may be expressed as a phrase containing "~ based on (e.g., based on ~)" or a phrase containing "~ in response to (e.g., in response to ~)". In other words, a phrase containing "~ case" may be interpreted as identical or similar to a phrase containing "~ based on" or a phrase containing "~ in response to".

[0078] Throughout the specification, the term "terminal" may refer to a mobile station, mobile terminal, subscriber station, portable subscriber station, user equipment, access terminal, etc., and may include all or part of the functions of a terminal, mobile station, mobile terminal, subscriber station, portable subscriber station, user equipment, access terminal, etc.

[0079] Here, a desktop computer, laptop computer, tablet PC, wireless phone, mobile phone, smartphone, smart watch, smart glass, e-book reader, PMP (portable multimedia player), portable game console, navigation device, digital camera, DMB (digital multimedia broadcasting) player, digital audio recorder, digital audio player, digital picture recorder, digital picture player, digital video recorder, digital video player, etc., capable of communicating with a terminal can be used.

[0080] Throughout the specification, the term "base station" may refer to an access point, a radio access station, a node B, an evolved node B, a base transceiver station, a mobile multihop relay (MMR)-BS, etc., and may include all or part of the functions of a base station, access point, radio access station, node B, eNodeB, base transceiver station, MMR-BS, etc.

[0081] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail with reference to the attached drawings. In order to facilitate an overall understanding of the present disclosure, the same reference numerals are used for identical components in the drawings, and redundant descriptions of identical components are omitted.

[0082] Figure 1 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a communication network.

[0083] Referring to FIG. 1, the communication network (100) may include a plurality of communication nodes (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2, 130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, 130-6). A plurality of communication nodes (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2, 130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, 130-6) may include a plurality of base stations (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2) and a plurality of terminals, such as a plurality of user terminals (130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, 130-6).

[0084] Each of the multiple communication nodes (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2, 130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, 130-6) can support 4G communication (e.g., LTE (long term evolution), LTE-A (advanced)), 5G communication (e.g., NR (new radio)), etc., as defined in the 3GPP (3rd generation partnership project) standard. 4G communication can be performed in a frequency band of 6 GHz or lower, and 5G communication can be performed not only in a frequency band of 6 GHz or lower but also in a frequency band of 6 GHz or higher.

[0085] For example, for 4G communication and 5G communication, each of the multiple communication nodes (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2, 130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, 130-6) has a CDMA (code division multiple access) based communication protocol, a WCDMA (wideband CDMA) based communication protocol, a TDMA (time division multiple access) based communication protocol, a FDMA (frequency division multiple access) based communication protocol, an OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) based communication protocol, a Filtered OFDM based communication protocol, a CP (cyclic prefix)-OFDM based communication protocol, a DFT-s-OFDM (discrete Fourier transform-spread-OFDM) based communication protocol, an OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access) based communication protocol, a SC (single carrier)-FDMA based communication protocol, It can support communication protocols based on NOMA (Non-orthogonal Multiple Access), GFDM (generalized frequency division multiplexing), FBMC (filter bank multi-carrier) and UFMC (universal filtered multi-carrier) and SDMA (Space Division Multiple Access).

[0086] Additionally, although not illustrated in the drawing, the communication network (100) may further include a core network. If the communication network (100) supports 4G communication, the core network may include an S-GW (serving-gateway), a P-GW (PDN (packet data network)-gateway), an MME (mobility management entity), etc. If the communication network (100) supports 5G communication, the core network may include a UPF (user plane function), an SMF (session management function), an AMF (access and mobility management function), etc.

[0087] FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of a communication node of a communication network.

[0088] Referring to FIG. 2, the communication node (200) may include at least one processor (210), a memory (220), and a transceiver (230) that is connected to a network to perform communication. Additionally, the communication node (200) may further include an input interface device (240), an output interface device (250), a storage device (260), etc. Each component included in the communication node (200) may be connected by a bus (270) to communicate with one another.

[0089] However, each component included in the communication node (200) may be connected via individual interfaces or individual buses centered around the processor (210), rather than via a common bus (270). For example, the processor (210) may be connected via a dedicated interface to at least one of a memory (220), a transmission / reception device (230), an input interface device (240), an output interface device (250), and a storage device (260).

[0090] The processor (210) can execute a program command stored in at least one of the memory (220) and the storage device (260). The processor (210) may mean a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), or a dedicated processor on which the methods according to the embodiments of the present disclosure are performed.

[0091] Each of the memory (220) and the storage device (260) may be composed of at least one of a volatile storage medium and a non-volatile storage medium. For example, the memory (220) may be composed of at least one of a read-only memory (ROM) and a random access memory (RAM).

[0092] Referring again to FIG. 1, Internet of Things (IoT) technology, in which multiple things are interconnected and operate, has recently been receiving significant attention. IoT technology can form a communication network comprising one or more readers and IoT devices. The readers may be at least one of a base station, an immediate node, or a user equipment (UE). IoT devices can be deployed in large quantities, for example, thousands or more, to accommodate various applications while further reducing size, complexity, and power consumption. However, manually replacing or recharging the batteries of IoT devices can be difficult due to issues such as maintenance or management of the devices. Therefore, ambient IoT (A-IoT) technology may be required to support IoT devices without energy storage functions, such as batteries, or IoT devices that do not require manual battery replacement in a communication network.

[0093] In an A-IoT network, IoT devices may have lower complexity than existing NB (narrow band)-IoT devices or LTE-MTC (long-term evolution machine type communication) devices. Additionally, IoT devices in an A-IoT network may not include a battery, or may include a battery of limited capacity. The present disclosure may provide a method for wireless access of IoT devices in an A-IoT network comprising a plurality of the aforementioned IoT devices. For example, the present disclosure may disclose resource configuration and scheduling procedures for wireless access between a reader of an A-IoT network and an IoT device.

[0094] Figure 3 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a topology type of an ambient IoT network.

[0095] Referring to FIG. 3, an A-IoT network can configure a communication network based on a topology type. For example, an A-IoT network can configure a communication network based on a base station / IoT device topology (A). Additionally, an A-IoT network can configure a communication network based on an immediate node / IoT device topology (B).

[0096] The base station / IoT device topology (A) may be of a type in which each of at least one IoT device (321) is directly connected to and communicates with the base station (311). The IoT device (321) may be a tag or a sensor. The base station (311) may perform a reader function and may be a gNB, eNB, or an access point (AP) of a wireless LAN network. The base station (311) may be connected to each of at least one IoT device (321) via an A-IoT wireless access interface. Additionally, the base station (311) may be connected to a core network (340) via a next generation (NG) interface. The base station (311) may transmit data or energy to each of at least one IoT device (321). The energy transmitted from the base station (311) may be a radio frequency (RF) signal for energy harvesting of the IoT device (321), and the RF signal may include data or a signal.

[0097] The intermediate node / IoT device topology (B) may be of a type in which at least one IoT device (322) is connected to and communicates with a base station (312) through an intermediate node (330). The intermediate node (330) may be a relay, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a UE (user equipment), or a repeater. The base station (312) may be connected to the intermediate node (330) via a Uu interface. Additionally, the base station (312) may be connected to the core network (340) via an NG interface. The intermediate node (330) may perform a reader function and may be connected to the IoT device (322) via an A-IoT wireless access interface. The base station (312) may transmit data or signals to the intermediate node (330). The intermediate node (330) can transmit data or energy to each of at least one IoT device (322) based on data or signals received from the base station (312). The energy transmitted from the intermediate node (330) may be an RF signal for energy harvesting of the IoT device (322), and the RF signal may include data or signals.

[0098] In an A-IoT network, IoT devices can be classified as Type A IoT devices, Type B IoT devices, or Type C IoT devices based on whether they use amplifiers for transmitting and receiving links (e.g., signals or data) with a leader (base station or intermediate node) or whether they have their own energy storage (e.g., batteries).

[0099] Type A IoT devices may not include amplifiers or their own energy storage. The maximum power consumption of a Type A IoT device may be greater than 0 and less than 1 μW. A Type A IoT device can perform link transmission to a reader through backscattering on an externally provided carrier wave.

[0100] Type B IoT devices may not include an amplifier and may include their own energy storage. The maximum power consumption of a Type B IoT device may be greater than 0 and less than 1 μW. A Type B IoT device can perform link transmission to a reader through backscattering on an externally provided carrier wave.

[0101] Type C IoT devices can include both amplifiers and their own energy storage. The maximum power consumption of a Type C IoT device can be greater than zero and less than several hundred μW. A Type C IoT device can perform link transmission to a reader through backscattering on an externally provided carrier wave, or it can transmit a signal it generates itself to a reader.

[0102] In an A-IoT network, an IoT device may be provided with at least one of an inventory service, a command service, a positioning service, or a reporting service. The inventory service may be a service capable of monitoring, managing, or analyzing inventory of items, etc., in real time. The command service may be a service capable of remotely controlling the IoT device and transmitting commands. The positioning service may be a service capable of tracking and managing the location of objects, people, or vehicles. The reporting service may be a service that collects and processes data based on sensors to provide various applications.

[0103] A transmission frame of an A-IoT network (hereinafter referred to as an A-IoT transmission frame) may be used to transmit control information or data necessary for the aforementioned service. The A-IoT transmission frame may utilize wireless resources allocated to a cellular mobile communication system, for example, a 5G NR (new radio) network. In other words, the cellular mobile communication system may allocate a portion of its wireless resources for the A-IoT transmission frame.

[0104] FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing one embodiment of a time resource configuration for a wireless transmission frame of a communication network, FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing another embodiment of the wireless transmission frame of FIG. 4. FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing another embodiment of the wireless transmission frame of FIG. 4.

[0105] Referring to FIGS. 4 through 6, a wireless transmission frame of a communication network, for example, a 5G NR network, may include a time resource or a frequency resource. The time resource of the wireless transmission frame may include a fixed-length time resource and a plurality of frequency resources.

[0106] A single wireless transmission frame may include multiple subframes. For example, a wireless transmission frame having a time length of 10 ms may include 10 subframes, and each subframe may have a time length of 1 ms. Each of the multiple subframes may include at least one slot. The number of slots included in each subframe may vary based on the sub-carrier spacing (SCS) set in the transmission frame. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, when the sub-carrier spacing is 15 kHz, one subframe may include one slot. Also, as shown in FIG. 5, when the sub-carrier spacing is 30 kHz, one subframe may include two slots. As shown in FIG. 6, when the sub-carrier spacing is 60 kHz, one subframe may include four slots. Each of at least one slot may include multiple symbols for signal transmission. For example, one slot can contain 14 symbols.

[0107] FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of frequency resource configuration for a wireless transmission frame.

[0108] A wireless transmission frame may include multiple frequency resources composed of multiple subcarriers. Each of the multiple subcarriers and the corresponding time resource, the symbol, may be defined as a resource element (RE). In a wireless transmission frame, a resource block (RB) may include multiple resource elements, for example, multiple resource elements defined by 12 subcarriers and 4 symbols. A single slot of a wireless transmission frame may include multiple resource blocks.

[0109] FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of frequency resource configuration for an A-IoT transmission frame of an A-IoT network.

[0110] Referring to FIG. 8, the A-IoT transmission frame can be allocated in slot units from the aforementioned wireless transmission frame. The base station can group the time resources of the wireless transmission frame to set the resource blocks (A-RB, ambient resource block) of the A-IoT transmission frame. Here, the base station can determine the number of resource blocks of the A-IoT transmission frame based on pre-configured information as shown in [Table 1] below.

[0111] Configuration Information (n) Number of Resource Blocks 1142772141

[0112] As illustrated in FIG. 8, when the configuration information is 2, the base station can configure 7 resource blocks (A-RB0 to A-RB6) in one slot. The time resource of each resource block can correspond to 2 symbols and 12 subcarriers of a wireless transmission frame. FIG. 9 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of an A-IoT transmission frame.

[0113] Referring to FIG. 9, a transmission frame of an A-IoT network (hereinafter referred to as an A-IoT transmission frame) may include a channel (PRDCH, Physical Reader to Device Channel) through which signals or data are transmitted from a reader to a device, and a channel (PDRCH, Physical Device to Reader Channel) through which signals or data are transmitted from a device to a reader. The PRDCH may include a resource configuration (RC) section, a paging section, and an R2D data (R2D-D) section. The PDRCH may include a random access (RA) section and a D2R data (D2R-D) section.

[0114] The resource configuration section of the PRDCH may be a section in which the base station includes resource configuration information for an intermediate node (e.g., a terminal) or an IoT device. The resource configuration section may include common resource configuration and device-specific resource configuration. The resource configuration section may include transmission scheduling information for the IoT device. The paging section may be a section for the base station to transmit a paging message to an intermediate node or an IoT terminal. The base station may transmit a paging message to an intermediate node or an IoT device through the paging section, and the intermediate node or IoT device receiving it may transition from an IDLE state to an RRC connection state. According to an embodiment, the paging message may include the resource configuration section and the paging section of an A-IoT transmission frame. The R2D data section may be a section in which the base station transmits data to an intermediate node or an IoT device, e.g., downlink data.

[0115] The RA section of PDRCH may be a section where an intermediate node or IoT device requests a connection with a base station. The intermediate node or IoT device may transmit a message for RA to the base station, and the base station may establish a connection with the intermediate node or IoT device based on the received message. The D2R data section may be a section containing data transmitted from the intermediate node or IoT device to the base station, for example, uplink data.

[0116] FIG. 10 is a conceptual diagram showing one embodiment of an A-IoT transmission frame structure, FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram showing another embodiment of an A-IoT transmission frame structure, FIG. 12 is a conceptual diagram showing another embodiment of an A-IoT transmission frame structure, and FIG. 13 is a conceptual diagram showing another embodiment of an A-IoT transmission frame structure.

[0117] Referring to FIGS. 10 through 13, an A-IoT transmission frame may have different structures depending on the configuration of the physical channel included in the slot, e.g., PRDCH or PDRCH. As shown in FIG. 10, an A-IoT transmission frame may have a structure in which both PRDCH and PDRCH are allocated within a single slot. The PRDCH of the A-IoT transmission frame may include a resource configuration section, a paging section, and an R2D data section, and the PDRCH may include a random access section and a D2R data section. The resource configuration section may include configuration information for the PRDCH and PDRCH.

[0118] Additionally, the A-IoT transmission frame may have a structure in which either PRDCH or PDRCH is allocated to a single slot. As shown in FIG. 11, the A-IoT transmission frame may have a structure in which PRDCH is allocated, including a resource setting section, a paging section, and an R2D data section. As shown in FIG. 12, the A-IoT transmission frame may have a structure in which PDRCH is allocated, including an RA section and a D2R data section.

[0119] Additionally, the A-IoT transmission frame may have a structure in which PRDCH and PDRCH are jointly allocated to each of the plurality of slots. As illustrated in FIG. 13, the A-IoT transmission frame may have a structure in which a portion of the PRDCH is allocated to the first slot among the plurality of slots, and the remaining portion of the PRDCH and PDRCH are allocated to the second slot among the plurality of slots. Here, the first slot and the second slot may be adjacent slots among the plurality of slots, or they may be non-adjacent slots.

[0120] FIG. 14 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an example of resource configuration and scheduling of a base station in an A-IoT network.

[0121] Referring to FIG. 14, a base station can perform wireless resource configuration and scheduling for A-IoT services. The base station can perform resource configuration for an A-IoT transmission frame. For example, the base station can perform common resource configuration or device-specific resource configuration for an A-IoT transmission frame. The base station can transmit the configured information to an IoT device (hereinafter, device) through the resource configuration section of the A-IoT transmission frame. As described with reference to FIG. 3, when the A-IoT network is a base station / IoT device topology (A), the base station can transmit resource configuration information directly to the device. Additionally, when the A-IoT network is an intermediate node / IoT device topology (B), the base station can transmit resource configuration information to the device through a terminal.

[0122] Common resource setting information may include slot configuration information or slot-specific allocation information. The slot configuration information may include at least one of the A-IoT transmission frame structure information described with reference to FIGS. 10 to 13, the number of allocated slots, the time resource block size information of the A-IoT transmission frame, or the number of resource blocks included in the slot. The slot-specific allocation information may include at least one of the PRDCH resource common setting information or PDRCH resource common setting information of the A-IoT transmission frame. The PRDCH resource common setting information may include at least one of an offset for the number of resource blocks to the paging resource block at the time of receiving the resource setting, the size (or length) of the paging resource block, the number of paging message transmission resources included in the PRDCH, an offset for the number of resource blocks to the R2D data resource block at the time of receiving the resource setting, or the size of the R2D data resource block. The PDRCH resource common setting information may include at least one of an offset for the number of resource blocks up to the random access resource block at the time of receiving the resource setting, the size (or length) of the random access resource block, the number of access occasions (AO) for random access included in the PDRCH, an offset for the number of access occasion resource blocks up to the D2R data resource block at the time of receiving the resource setting, or the size of the D2R data resource block.

[0123] Device-specific resource setting information may include at least one of a device identifier (AS ID), resource information for receiving R2D data, or resource information for transmitting D2R data. The device ID may be set through a random access procedure between a base station and a device in an A-IoT network. The R2D data reception resource information may include time resource indication and frequency resource indication of the PRDCH. The D2R data transmission resource information may include time resource indication and frequency resource indication of the PRDCH. The time resource indication of the PRDCH may include at least one of the PRDCH start time resource block index or the allocated time resource block size. Here, the start time resource block index may include an offset for the number of time resource blocks from the PRDCH transmission resource to the allocated start resource block, and the allocated time resource block size may include the number of time resources used for PRDCH transmission. The frequency resource indication of the PRDCH may include at least one of the PRDCH start frequency resource block index or the allocated frequency resource block size. The start frequency resource block index may include an offset for the number of frequency resource blocks from the transmission resource of the PRDCH to the allocated start resource block, and the allocated frequency resource block size may include the number of frequency resources used for PRDCH transmission. The D2R data transmission resource information may include time resource setting information and frequency resource setting information of the PDRCH. The time resource setting information of the PDRCH may include at least one of the start time resource block index or the allocated time resource block size of the PDRCH.Here, the start time resource block index may include an offset for the number of time resource blocks from the transmission resource of the PDRCH to the allocated start resource block, and the allocated time resource block size may include the number of time resources used for PDRCH transmission. The frequency resource setting information of the PDRCH may include at least one of the start frequency resource block index of the PDRCH or the allocated frequency resource block size. The start frequency resource block index may include an offset for the number of frequency resource blocks from the transmission resource of the PDRCH to the allocated start resource block, and the allocated frequency resource block size may include the number of frequency resources used for PDRCH transmission.

[0124] FIG. 15 is a conceptual diagram showing one embodiment of a resource structure according to a scheduling method, and FIG. 16 is a conceptual diagram showing another embodiment of a resource structure according to a scheduling method.

[0125] Referring to FIGS. 15 and 16, a base station can transmit the aforementioned device-specific resource setting information to a device based on a scheduling method. For example, the base station can transmit pre-configured device-specific resource information to a device based on at least one of a resource index-based scheduling method or a resource setting-based scheduling method.

[0126] A resource index-based scheduling method may be a method in which a base station sets a device-specific resource and determines a transmission scheduling using a pair of a device ID and a device-specific resource index to instruct the device. As illustrated in FIG. 15, the base station may describe a plurality of device-specific resources (resource #1 to resource #n) in the resource setting section of the PRDCH and map one of the plurality of device-specific resources (resource #1 to resource #n) to the ID of the device using it to instruct the device to determine the transmission scheduling. For example, the base station may map device ID #1 among the plurality of device IDs to resource #1 and resource #2 among the plurality of device-specific resources, respectively, and map device ID #2 to resource #n among the plurality of device-specific resources.

[0127] A resource-configuration-based scheduling method may be a method of instructing transmission scheduling by describing a device ID and specific resource configuration information of the corresponding device. As illustrated in FIG. 16, a base station may instruct a device to perform a determined transmission scheduling by associating specific resource configuration information with each of a plurality of device IDs. For example, the base station may associate device ID #1 among a plurality of device IDs with resource configuration information of resource #1 and resource #2 among a plurality of device-specific resources, and may associate device ID #2 with resource configuration information of resource #n among a plurality of device-specific resources.

[0128] The base station may instruct the device to transmit data using the configured resources according to the determined transmission scheduling. As previously mentioned, the transmission scheduling may include device ID and resource configuration information. The transmission scheduling may include dynamic scheduling or semi-persistent scheduling. Dynamic scheduling may be a method in which the base station instructs the device to transmit using a dynamic signaling procedure when PRDCH transmission or PDRCH reception is required. Semi-persistent scheduling may be a method in which the base station pre-allocates resources for PRDCH transmission or PDRCH reception and instructs the device to transmit based on this.

[0129] FIG. 17 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an example of dynamic scheduling operation of an A-IoT transmission frame.

[0130] Referring to FIG. 17, a base station can transmit scheduling information using a dynamic scheduling signal procedure whenever data or signal transmission is required. The scheduling information based on dynamic scheduling may include at least one of a device ID, R2D data reception resource information, D2R data transmission resource information, MCS (modulation and coding scheme) information, or transmission time information of an A-IoT transmission frame. The base station can transmit the scheduling information in the form of a control element of the MAC layer, for example, a MAC CE (control element), or control information of the physical layer.

[0131] When the A-IoT network is a base station / IoT device topology, the base station can transmit an A-IoT transmission frame to the device based on scheduling information. When the A-IoT network is an intermediate node / IoT device topology, the base station transmits scheduling information to a terminal which is an intermediate node, and the terminal can transmit an A-IoT transmission frame to the device based on the received scheduling information.

[0132] As illustrated in FIG. 17, the terminal can receive scheduling information from the base station in slot #n+1 and slot #n+3, respectively. Based on the received scheduling information, the terminal can transmit an A-IoT transmission frame containing resource setting information of the scheduling information in slot #n+2 and slot #n+4, respectively, to the corresponding device.

[0133] FIG. 18 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an example of a semi-static scheduling operation of an A-IoT transmission frame.

[0134] Referring to FIG. 18, a base station may transmit scheduling information using a semi-static scheduling signaling procedure for data or signal transmission. Scheduling information based on semi-static scheduling may include at least one of a device ID, R2D data reception resource information, D2R data transmission resource information, MCS information, transmission time information or transmission period information of an A-IoT transmission frame. The base station may transmit scheduling information in the form of a control element of the MAC layer, for example, a MAC CE (control element), or control information of the physical layer.

[0135] When the A-IoT network is a base station / IoT device topology, the base station can transmit an A-IoT transmission frame to the device based on the transmission period information of the scheduling information. When the A-IoT network is an intermediate node / IoT device topology, the base station transmits scheduling information to a terminal which is an intermediate node, and the terminal can transmit an A-IoT transmission frame to the device based on the transmission period information of the received scheduling information.

[0136] As illustrated in FIG. 18, the terminal can receive scheduling information from the base station in slot #n+1. The transmission period information included in the scheduling information may be 2. Accordingly, based on the received scheduling information, the terminal can transmit an A-IoT transmission frame containing resource setting information of the scheduling information to the corresponding device in slots #n+2 and #n+4, respectively.

[0137] FIG. 19 is a conceptual diagram illustrating another embodiment of the semi-static scheduling operation of an A-IoT transmission frame.

[0138] Referring to FIG. 19, a base station can transmit scheduling information to a terminal using a semi-static scheduling signaling procedure. The scheduling information may include at least one of a device ID, R2D data reception resource information, D2R data transmission resource information, MCS information, transmission time information of an A-IoT transmission frame, or transmission period information.

[0139] A base station may transmit scheduling information, such as a first scheduling information and a second scheduling information, each containing transmission time information for different A-IoT transmission frames, to a terminal. As illustrated in FIG. 19, the base station may transmit the first scheduling information, in which the transmission time information is set to 1, to the terminal, and the terminal may receive the scheduling information from the base station in slot #n+1. Based on the transmission time information of the received scheduling information, the terminal may transmit a first A-IoT transmission frame according to the first scheduling information to the device in slot #n+2. Additionally, the base station may transmit the second scheduling information, in which the transmission time information is set to 2, to the terminal, and the terminal may receive the scheduling information from the base station in slot #n+3. Based on the transmission time information of the received scheduling information, the terminal may transmit a second A-IoT transmission frame according to the second scheduling information to the device in slot #n+5.

[0140] FIG. 20 is a flowchart illustrating an example of resource configuration and scheduling for an A-IoT network.

[0141] Referring to FIG. 20, the base station can set resources for an A-IoT service and determine a transmission scheduling based on the set resources. The base station can generate scheduling information including resource setting information based on the transmission scheduling (S2010).

[0142] The base station can transmit scheduling information including resource setting information to the device through the resource setting section of an A-IoT transmission frame (S2020). The resource setting section of the A-IoT transmission frame may include slot configuration information, PRDCH common resource setting information, PDRCH common resource setting information, or scheduling information. The scheduling information may include a device ID, R2D data reception resource information, D2R data transmission resource information, or MCS information.

[0143] FIG. 21 is a flowchart illustrating another embodiment of resource configuration and scheduling for an A-IoT network.

[0144] Referring to FIG. 21, the base station can set resources for an A-IoT service and determine a transmission scheduling based on the set resources. The base station can generate scheduling information including resource setting information based on the transmission scheduling (S2110).

[0145] The base station can transmit scheduling information to the terminal (S2120). Here, the terminal can act as an intermediate node in the A-IoT network. Accordingly, the base station can transmit to the terminal the transmission time information of the A-IoT transmission frame or the transmission period information of the A-IoT transmission frame by including it in the scheduling information.

[0146] A base station can transmit scheduling information to a terminal via an RRC message or a MAC information object (e.g., MAC CE). In this case, the base station can transmit scheduling information using a dedicated message or information object transmitted to a specific terminal.

[0147] The terminal can generate an A-IoT transmission frame based on received scheduling information. The terminal can transmit the A-IoT transmission frame to the device (S2130). The resource settings of the A-IoT transmission frame may include slot configuration information, PRDCH common resource setting information, PDRCH common resource setting information, and scheduling information. The scheduling information may include a device ID, R2D data reception resource information, D2R data transmission resource information, MCS information, transmission time information of the A-IoT transmission frame, or transmission period information of the A-IoT transmission frame.

[0148] FIG. 22 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of a base station for resource configuration and scheduling of an A-IoT network.

[0149] Referring to FIG. 22, a base station may receive an A-IoT service request from a core network, for example, an A-IoT control entity within the core network (S2210). Based on the received A-IoT service request, the base station may set up wireless resources and / or transmission scheduling (S2220). Based on the transmission scheduling, the base station may generate scheduling information including pre-set resource setting information.

[0150] The base station can determine the topology type of the A-IoT network (S2230). For example, the base station can determine whether the A-IoT network is a base station / IoT device topology (A) or an intermediate node / IoT device topology (B) as shown in FIG. 3.

[0151] When the A-IoT network is a base station / IoT device topology (A), the base station can generate an A-IoT transmission frame based on scheduling information and transmit the A-IoT transmission frame to the device based on transmission scheduling (S2240). For example, the base station can transmit the A-IoT transmission frame to the device by including the scheduling information in the resource setting section of the A-IoT transmission frame. The resource setting section of the A-IoT transmission frame may include slot configuration information, PRDCH common resource setting information, PDRCH common resource setting information, or scheduling information. The scheduling information may include a device ID, R2D data reception resource information, D2R data transmission resource information, or MCS information.

[0152] Additionally, when the A-IoT network is an intermediate node / IoT device topology (B), the base station can transmit scheduling information to a terminal that is an intermediate node (S2250). Here, since the terminal acts as an intermediate node of the A-IoT network, the base station can include information on the transmission time of an A-IoT transmission frame or information on the transmission period of an A-IoT transmission frame in the scheduling information and transmit it to the terminal.

[0153] Figure 23 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of an intermediate node for resource configuration and scheduling in an A-IoT network.

[0154] Referring to FIG. 23, when the A-IoT network is an intermediate node / IoT device topology (B), the terminal can receive scheduling information including resource setting information from a base station (S2310). Here, the terminal can perform the role of an intermediate node in the A-IoT network. Accordingly, the base station can transmit to the terminal information including transmission time information of an A-IoT transmission frame or transmission period information of an A-IoT transmission frame in the scheduling information.

[0155] The terminal can generate an A-IoT transmission frame based on received scheduling information. The terminal can transmit the A-IoT transmission frame to the device (S2320). The resource settings of the A-IoT transmission frame may include slot configuration information, PRDCH common resource setting information, PDRCH common resource setting information, and scheduling information. The scheduling information may include a device ID, R2D data reception resource information, D2R data transmission resource information, MCS information, transmission time information of the A-IoT transmission frame, or transmission period information of the A-IoT transmission frame.

[0156] Figure 24 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of a device for resource configuration and scheduling in an A-IoT network.

[0157] Referring to FIG. 24, the device can receive an A-IoT transmission frame from a terminal that is a base station or an intermediate node (S2410). The device can obtain resource setting information and scheduling information in the resource setting section of the received transmission frame. Based on the obtained resource setting information and scheduling information, the device can determine settings such as transmission timing, transmission period, or MCS (S2420).

[0158] The device can transmit and receive data with a base station based on resource configuration information and scheduling information. According to an embodiment, the device can transmit and receive data with a base station through a terminal which is an intermediate node (S2430). For example, the device can receive data from a base station via a PRDCH channel based on scheduling information and transmit data to a base station via a PDRCH channel.

[0159] FIG. 25 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a paging message of an A-IoT network, and FIG. 26 is a conceptual diagram showing another example of a paging message of an A-IoT network.

[0160] Referring to FIGS. 25 and 26, a base station may perform a paging procedure with a device or a terminal, which is an intermediate node, before performing resource setup for an A-IoT service. The base station may transmit a paging message to the device or terminal through a paging interval of an A-IoT transmission frame. The paging message may include a message type field, a paging element count field, or at least one paging element field.

[0161] The message type field may include an identifier (e.g., ID) of the paging message. A device or terminal can identify the identifier included in the message type field in a message received from a base station and, accordingly, recognize that the message is a paging message. The paging element count field may indicate the number of paging element fields included in the paging message. As illustrated in FIG. 25, for a paging message containing a single paging element field, the paging element count field may be 1 or omitted. Additionally, as illustrated in FIG. 26, for a paging message containing multiple paging element fields, the paging element count field may be represented as the number of paging element fields. The paging element fields may include a device ID field, a service ID field, a reader (e.g., base station) ID field, a random access (RA) type field, an access occasion (AO) selection window field, an upper layer data transmission flag field, or a D2R resource setting field. According to an embodiment, the paging element field may further include a transaction ID field, a paging ID field, a transmission resource size field for Msg1 transmission in the RA procedure, or a transmission resource determination information field.

[0162] FIG. 27 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a paging element field of a paging message.

[0163] Referring to FIG. 27, the paging element field may include a device ID field, a service ID field, a reader ID field, an RA type field, an AO selection window field, an upper layer data transmission flag field, or a D2R resource setting field.

[0164] The device ID field may include a device ID indicating an IoT device. The device ID field may include a device ID indicating a single device or a group ID indicating multiple devices. The group ID may be set using information within a pre-set range in the ID information, or it may be set using a device ID indicating a single device and mask information. For example, if the length of the device ID field is 16 bits, the base station may set the upper 4 bits, for example, 'F000' to 'FFFF', as the group ID. Additionally, the base station may perform a bitwise operation, for example, an AND operation, an OR operation, or an XOR operation, on the device ID and mask information, and set the resulting value as the group ID. According to an embodiment, the device ID field may not include a device ID or a group ID, in which case the device ID field may be set to 0 or set to a pre-defined value. In this case, the device ID field may indicate all devices receiving paging messages from the base station in an A-IoT network.

[0165] The Service ID field may include a Service ID for an A-IoT service. The Service ID may be a value set in the core network requesting the service, or it may be set by considering the maximum number of concurrently processingable services.

[0166] The Reader ID field may include the Reader ID transmitting the paging message, in other words, the base station ID. The Reader ID, together with the aforementioned Service ID, can prevent duplicate paging processing and responses by the device for the same A-IoT service. For example, a device may sequentially receive paging messages containing the same Service ID from different readers. Based on the Service ID and Reader ID, the device may determine that the second received paging message is for the same A-IoT service and may not perform the paging procedure.

[0167] The RA type field may be information indicating the random access type of the device. The RA type field may include contention-based random access (CBRA) or contention-free random access (CFRA). The device may receive explicit or implicit information regarding the RA type from the base station and determine whether it is CBRA or CFRA for the RA type based on this. For example, the base station may transmit explicit information to the device by including either CBRA or CFRA in the RA type field of a paging message. Additionally, the base station may transmit implicit information regarding CBRA or CFRA to the device by allocating D2R resources to the device ID or to the group ID.

[0168] The AO selection window field may include a window value that can select a connection opportunity for random access of the device. For example, if the RA type of the aforementioned device is CBRA, the base station may transmit a window value for selecting the device's RA connection opportunity to the device through the AO selection window field of the paging message. The device may select any value from among the values ​​set in the AO selection window field of the paging message and may select an RA connection opportunity using the selected value. The connection opportunity selection may be a transmission opportunity corresponding to the selected value, or a transmission opportunity corresponding to a power of 2 of the selected value.

[0169] The upper layer data transmission flag field may contain information indicating whether upper layer data is included in the RA message transmitted by the device to the base station. The upper layer data may be an RRC layer or NAS layer message. The base station may indicate whether upper layer data is included through the upper layer data transmission flag set to 1 bit.

[0170] The D2R resource configuration field may include D2R transmission resource configuration information assigned to a random access request of a device based on at least one connection opportunity. The D2R transmission resource may be used for random access of the device and may include collision avoidance-based random access (CFRA) resources or collision-based random access (CBRA) resources. The CFRA resource may be configured such that a D2R resource consisting of a device ID and a single connection opportunity is mapped 1:1. The CBRA resource may be configured such that a D2R resource consisting of a device ID and a single connection opportunity of each of multiple devices is mapped N:1, or may be configured such that D2R resources consisting of group IDs for multiple devices and multiple connection opportunities are mapped N:M. The method for configuring the D2R transmission resource will be described in detail later.

[0171] FIG. 28 is a conceptual diagram showing another embodiment of the paging element field of a paging message.

[0172] Referring to FIG. 28, the paging element field may include a device ID field, a transaction ID field, a paging ID field, a random access (RA) type field, an access opportunity (AO) selection window field, an upper-layer data transmission flag field, a D2R resource setting field, a Msg1 transmission resource size field, or a Msg1 transmission resource determination information field. Since the device ID field, RA type field, AO selection window field, upper-layer data transmission flag field, and D2R resource setting field illustrated in FIG. 28 are identical to those described in FIG. 27, a description thereof will be omitted.

[0173] The transaction ID field may include a transaction ID for a device to receive a paging message, identify a specific A-IoT service procedure, and distinguish each leader in an environment containing multiple leaders. The transaction ID may have a combined form of a service ID and a leader ID. If the A-IoT network contains a single leader, the transaction ID may include a 1-bit service ID. If the A-IoT network contains multiple leaders, for example, N leaders, the transaction ID may include a 1-bit service ID and a log2N-bit leader ID.

[0174] The paging ID field may include a paging ID for identifying a paging message received by a device and determining whether to process it. The paging ID may include at least one of a service-based paging ID in the form of a combined service ID and a reader ID, or a device-based paging ID based on a device ID provided by the core network, for example, a single device ID or a group device ID.

[0175] Here, the device can vary the processing method at the MAC layer based on the visibility of the paging ID. For example, if the device's MAC layer can verify the paging ID, the device can decide whether to process or discard the received paging message. In other words, by processing the paging message at the MAC layer instead of forwarding it to the upper layer, the device can reduce unnecessary processing associated with paging message handling. However, since the paging ID is information generated at the NAS layer, if it is used at the MAC layer (e.g., the AS layer), the paging ID must be extracted through decapsulation. This may require additional consideration from a protocol design perspective. Furthermore, if the device's MAC layer cannot verify the paging ID, the MAC layer can transmit the paging message to the upper layer, and the upper layer can decide whether to process it. In this case, the device may experience processing delays and battery consumption due to the transmission of the paging message to the upper layer. However, since A-IoT services do not require real-time performance, issues caused by processing delays are not significant, and energy consumption when processing at the upper layer is also expected to not differ significantly compared to processing directly at the MAC layer.

[0176] The Msg1 transmission resource size field may contain Msg1 transmission resource size information for a Random Access (RA) procedure of the device. The size of the resource for transmitting Msg1 (e.g., D2R resource) may be variably determined based on at least one of the RA type or physical layer transmission parameters. Accordingly, the device needs to identify the size of the D2R resource in advance to perform the RA procedure. The base station may transmit Msg1 transmission resource size information to the device through the Msg1 transmission resource size field of the paging message. The device may receive the paging message and initiate the RA procedure by transmitting Msg1 to the base station based on the resource size information included in the Msg1 transmission resource size field.

[0177] The Msg1 transmission resource determination information field may include a value, for example, a Q value, used to determine the resource for transmitting Msg1 by the device. The device may receive a paging message from a base station and determine an arbitrary value based on the Q value included in the Msg1 transmission resource determination information field of the paging message. The device may decrease the determined arbitrary value by 1 each time an access occasion (AO) for transmitting Msg1 occurs. The device may transmit Msg1 to the base station at the access occasion that occurs when the arbitrary value becomes 0.

[0178] FIG. 29 is a conceptual diagram showing one embodiment of a method for setting variable-length D2R transmission resources for a paging message, FIG. 30 is a conceptual diagram showing another embodiment of a method for setting variable-length D2R transmission resources for a paging message, FIG. 31 is a conceptual diagram showing another embodiment of a method for setting variable-length D2R transmission resources for a paging message, FIG. 32 is a conceptual diagram showing another embodiment of a method for setting variable-length D2R transmission resources for a paging message, and FIG. 33 is a conceptual diagram showing an embodiment of a method for setting fixed-length D2R transmission resources for a paging message.

[0179] Referring to FIGS. 29 through 33, a base station can set D2R transmission resource information in the D2R resource setting field of a paging message. For example, as illustrated in FIGS. 29 through 31, the base station can set variable-length D2R transmission resource information based on an access occasion (AO) index and / or access occasion length. Additionally, as illustrated in FIG. 32, the base station can set D2R transmission resource information based on an access occasion index and / or bit sequence. Additionally, as illustrated in FIG. 33, the base station can set fixed-length D2R transmission resource information.

[0180] D2R transmission resource configuration information may include at least one parameter required for physical layer transmission, such as a modulation type, a channel coding indicator, or a block repetition number. The device may initiate a random access procedure based on a paging message received from a base station and transmit Msg1 to the base station by applying at least one parameter included in the D2R transmission resource configuration information.

[0181] Referring to FIGS. 29 to 31, a base station may set D2R transmission resources based on a connection opportunity index or a connection opportunity length. The connection opportunity index may indicate a start connection opportunity of a resource (e.g., a D2R resource) allocated for a device to respond to a paging message received from the base station, and the connection opportunity length may indicate the number of D2R resources of a connection opportunity allocated for responding to a paging message.

[0182] Referring to FIG. 29, the base station can configure an A-IoT transmission frame into multiple connection opportunities having a fixed size, and the connection opportunity index, that is, the starting connection opportunity, can be set as an absolute value. For example, the base station can set three resource groups in the first paging round (Paging #1), and the connection opportunity index for each of the three resource groups can be set to 3, 10, and 13. Additionally, the base station can set four connection opportunity resources in the first resource group, two connection opportunity resources in the second resource group, and one connection resource in the third resource group. Additionally, the base station can set one resource group in the second paging round (Paging #2), set the connection opportunity index of the resource group to 5, and set four connection opportunity resources.

[0183] Referring to FIG. 30, a base station may set a connection opportunity index as a relative value based on time distance at a given point in time, based on the time of transmission of a paging message of an A-IoT transmission frame or the time of start of PDRCH. Here, the time of transmission of the paging message may correspond to the time of start of a paging round, and the time of start of PDRCH may correspond to the physical time location where the base station actually begins transmitting the paging message. For example, the base station may set three resource groups by applying different offsets with the time of start of the first paging round (Paging #1) as the reference point. The first resource group may include a connection opportunity index set at offset 2 at the reference point and four connection opportunity resources. The second resource group may include a connection opportunity index set at offset 9 at the reference point and two connection opportunity resources. The third resource group may include a connection opportunity index set at offset 12 at the reference point and one connection opportunity resource. In addition, the base station can set a resource group including a connection opportunity index set to offset 4 and four connection opportunity resources, using the start time of the second paging round (paging #2) as the reference time.

[0184] Referring to FIG. 31, a base station can set a connection opportunity index as a relative value based on time distance by applying an offset after resource allocation for each paging round, using the time of transmission of the paging message of the A-IoT transmission frame as the reference point. Here, the time of transmission of the paging message may correspond to the start time of the paging round. For example, the base station may set three resource groups by applying different offsets using the start time of the first paging round (Paging #1) as the reference point. The first resource group may include a connection opportunity index set at an offset of 2 from the reference point and four connection opportunity resources. The second resource group may include a connection opportunity index set at an offset of 3 from the last connection opportunity resource of the first resource group and two connection opportunity resources. The third resource group may include a connection opportunity index set at an offset of 1 from the last connection opportunity resource of the second resource group and one connection opportunity resource. In addition, the base station can set a resource group including a connection opportunity index set to offset 4 and four connection opportunity resources, using the start time of the second paging round (paging #2) as the reference time.

[0185] Referring to FIG. 32, the base station may set D2R transmission resource information based on a connection opportunity index and / or a bit sequence. The connection opportunity index may indicate the starting connection opportunity of a resource (e.g., a D2R resource) allocated for the device to respond to a paging message received from the base station, and the bit sequence may indicate the location of the connection opportunity allocated for responding to the paging message.

[0186] For example, the base station may set two resource groups for device A in the first paging round (Paging #1). The base station may set the connection opportunity index of the set resource groups to 3 and represent the connection opportunities assigned to the two resource groups as a bit sequence of '111100011'. Additionally, the base station may set one resource group for device A in the second paging round (Paging #2), set the connection opportunity index of the said resource group to 5, and represent the assigned connection opportunities as a bit sequence of '1111'.

[0187] Referring to FIG. 33, a base station can set information for a D2R transmission resource having a fixed length. The base station can set the size of the D2R transmission resource for each of at least one device to be fixed. The base station can set a connection opportunity index or a connection opportunity length for the D2R transmission resource. The connection opportunity index may indicate the initial connection opportunity of a resource (e.g., a D2R resource) allocated for a device to respond to a paging message received from the base station, and the connection opportunity length may indicate the number of D2R resources for the connection opportunity allocated to respond to the paging message. For example, the base station may set two resource groups in a first paging round (Paging #1), and the connection opportunity index for each of the two resource groups may be set to 3 and 10. The base station may set four connection opportunity resources for each of the first resource group and the second resource group. In addition, the base station can set one resource group in the second paging round (paging #2), set the connection opportunity index of the resource group to 5, and set the number of connection opportunity resources to 4.

[0188] FIG. 34a is a conceptual diagram showing one embodiment of connection opportunity information provided by a base station to a device, and FIG. 34b is a conceptual diagram showing another embodiment of connection opportunity information provided by a base station to a device.

[0189] Referring to FIGS. 34a and 34b, a base station can transmit access opportunity information to each of a plurality of devices in an A-IoT network so that each of the devices recognizes an access opportunity and performs channel access at that time. Access opportunity information can be defined in multiple ways for each access round, and each of the multiple access opportunity information may be an access opportunity in which a device attempts to access the channel. Here, the access round may be a paging round.

[0190] A base station may transmit a connection opportunity instruction message containing connection opportunity information to a device at the start of a connection round or at a predefined time. The connection opportunity information may include at least one of connection opportunity location, number, order, or timing information. The device may recognize a connection opportunity for channel access based on the connection opportunity message received from the base station.

[0191] Connection opportunity information may be time-critical information. A base station may transmit connection opportunity information to a device via physical layer (L1) signaling. According to an embodiment, the base station may also transmit connection opportunity information to the device using a higher layer message. In this case, the base station may not reuse paging messages and may transmit connection opportunity information to the device by defining a new R2D message.

[0192] As illustrated in FIG. 34a, the base station may transmit connection opportunity information to the device via a paging message at the boundary of a connection round or at a specific point in time. Additionally, as illustrated in FIG. 34b, the base station may transmit connection opportunity information to the device via a new R2D message, such as an access trigger message, which is defined separately from the paging message at a specific point in time of a connection round. Thus, the device can efficiently recognize the time of channel access based on the connection opportunity information received via the paging message or the new R2D message.

[0193] FIG. 35 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a paging message transmission procedure between a base station and a device in an A-IoT network.

[0194] Referring to FIG. 35, the base station can set resources for an A-IoT service and determine a transmission scheduling based on the set resources. Based on the transmission scheduling, the base station can generate scheduling information including resource setting information (S3510).

[0195] The base station can generate a paging message (S3520). The paging message may include configured resource configuration information and scheduling information. If the A-IoT network is a base station / IoT device topology, the base station can transmit the paging message to the device (S3530).

[0196] FIG. 36 is a flowchart illustrating another embodiment of the procedure for transmitting paging messages between a base station and a device in an A-IoT network.

[0197] Referring to FIG. 36, the base station can set resources for an A-IoT service and determine a transmission scheduling based on the set resources. Based on the transmission scheduling, the base station can generate scheduling information including resource setting information (S3610).

[0198] The base station can generate a paging message (S3620). The paging message may include configured resource configuration information and scheduling information. If the A-IoT network is an intermediate node / IoT device topology, the base station can transmit the paging message to a terminal acting as an intermediate node. In this case, the base station can transmit the paging message to the terminal using an RRC message (S3630). The terminal can transmit the paging message to a device based on the paging message received from the base station (S3640).

[0199] Meanwhile, the device may receive multiple paging messages from the base station. For example, the base station may receive a re-request or a new request for an A-IoT service from the core network and transmit multiple paging messages to the device based on the received requests. Here, a service re-request may occur when the core network has not received a response from the base station or the device regarding a previously requested service. A service new request may occur when the core network requests a new service from the device after having requested one service. Based on the core network's service re-request or new request, the base station may perform a paging procedure with the device based on either a single-reader scenario or a multi-reader scenario.

[0200] A single leader scenario may include a case where the core network transmits an A-IoT service request to a single base station. The base station may transmit a new paging message to the device in response to the core network's service request after the previous paging procedure in progress with the device is completed. To perform the paging procedure according to the single leader scenario, the base station may suspend the service request received from the core network until the previous paging procedure is completed.

[0201] A multi-reader scenario may include a case where a core network transmits a service request for a single A-IoT service to each of multiple base stations. Each of the multiple base stations may transmit a paging message for the same service request to a single device. In a multi-reader scenario, since the device receives multiple paging messages for the same service from each of the multiple base stations, an efficient method for the paging procedure for each of the multiple paging messages may be required. For example, the device may perform a paging procedure for multiple paging messages through at least one of a selective paging processing method or a paging buffering method. The selective paging processing method may include a method of discarding a new paging message when a new paging message for the same service is received while a paging procedure is being performed according to a previously received paging message, and a method of assigning priority to the new paging message to terminate the currently performing paging procedure and perform the paging procedure based on the new paging message. The paging buffering method may include a method of storing a new paging message and then performing the paging procedure based on the stored new paging message once the currently performing paging procedure is completed.

[0202] Meanwhile, since A-IoT services are characterized by low latency sensitivity, new paging messages discarded in the selective paging method can be compensated for by re-requesting the service from the core network or restarting paging at the base station. Furthermore, as the existing paging procedure is in progress in the selective paging method, completing the existing paging procedure may be more efficient in terms of resource usage. Additionally, the paging buffering method may increase device complexity as it requires memory to store new paging messages and a function to determine the validity of wireless resources in response to the stored paging messages. Therefore, in a multi-reader scenario, when a device receives multiple paging messages for the same service, it can improve efficiency in terms of device complexity and resource usage by prioritizing the paging procedure currently in progress and discarding subsequent paging messages for the same service.

[0203] FIG. 37 is a conceptual diagram illustrating examples of connection error types between a device and a base station in an A-IoT network.

[0204] Referring to FIG. 37, in relation to inventory services or command services provided to IoT devices in an A-IoT network, a base station may consider access errors that occur during the device's D2R access process. Access errors may include errors in transmitting Msg1 for the device's inventory service (Type 1), errors in transmitting Msg3 for the device's inventory service (Type 2), and errors in transmitting a response message for the device's command service (Type 3). In Type 1, the device may transmit Msg1, which is the initial message of the random access procedure, to the base station to respond to the inventory service. However, the transmission of Msg1 may fail due to wireless channel conditions, collisions, or resource shortages, and a D2R access error may occur as a result. In Type 2, the device may transmit Msg3 to the base station based on a response message (e.g., Msg2) received from the base station after the transmission of Msg1. However, transmission of Msg3 may fail due to wireless errors or timing mismatches, and a D2R connection error may occur as a result. In Type 3, the device may transmit a response message to the base station in response to a command received from the base station. However, transmission of the response message may fail due to wireless errors or resource allocation failures, and a D2R connection error may occur as a result.

[0205] The aforementioned types of D2R connection errors can be recovered through re-access or retransmission between the base station and the device. Re-access may be a method in which the base station sends a paging message or command to the device to cause the device to retransmit Msg1. Retransmission may be a method in which the base station causes the device to retransmit a message that failed to be transmitted based on an acknowledgment (ACK) or a negative acknowledgment (NACK).

[0206] After transmitting a paging message to a device, the base station may not receive Msg1, Msg3, or an acknowledgment message from the device, and in this case, a D2R connection error can be determined. For example, the base station can determine a D2R connection failure through at least one of a re-request-based determination (CN / AF re-request) or a reception timer-based determination (reception timer) of the core network (or application server). Here, the reception timer-based determination of D2R connection failure can provide faster processing speeds compared to the core network's re-request-based determination of D2R connection failure.

[0207] The base station may decide to reconnect when it is determined that the device's D2R connection has failed. The base station may instruct the device to perform a reconnection by transmitting a paging message or a new message to the device. For example, the base station may instruct a reconnection by retransmitting to the device the paging message that was sent to the device for the initial connection. Additionally, if the device operates by distinguishing between the initial connection and the reconnection, the base station may define a new message for the reconnection and instruct the device to reconnect by transmitting this message. Here, the paging message may include a device ID, random access type information, resource configuration information for Msg1 transmission, and resource selection information. The information included in the paging message may be used identically in the device's initial connection and reconnection procedures. Therefore, the paging message may be used to instruct the device's initial connection or reconnection.

[0208] The base station may transmit at least one connection opportunity information to the device for performing reconnection of the device. For example, a D2R resource may include a connection round and a connection opportunity, and one connection round may include at least one connection opportunity. The device may perform reconnection to the base station through at least one connection opportunity of the connection round based on a paging message received from the base station.

[0209] FIG. 38 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a reconnection process based on a single paging message between a device and a base station, and FIG. 39 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a reconnection process based on multiple paging messages between a device and a base station.

[0210] Referring to FIG. 38, the base station can transmit a single paging message to the device for each connection round. The device can receive the single paging message at a specific point in time of the connection round and, based on the single paging message, can perform a reconnection process with the base station through at least one connection opportunity.

[0211] Referring to FIG. 39, a base station may transmit multiple paging messages to a device for each connection round. The base station may transmit each of the multiple paging messages to the device at different times. The device may receive each of the multiple paging messages and, based on each paging message, perform a reconnection process with the base station through at least one connection opportunity of the connection round. Here, the base station may provide additional instruction information so that the device can identify the time of receipt of each paging message. For example, the base station may transmit a separate control message to the device indicating the time of receipt of each of the multiple paging messages, or it may transmit information indicating the time of receipt of the remaining paging messages included in a specific paging message (e.g., the first paging message) among the multiple paging messages.

[0212] FIG. 40 is a conceptual diagram showing one embodiment of a D2R resource configuration for reconnection between a device and a base station, and FIG. 41 is a conceptual diagram showing another embodiment of a D2R resource configuration for reconnection between a device and a base station.

[0213] A base station can configure a D2R resource set for performing device reconnection. For example, the base station may configure the D2R resource set using either a shared resource pool method that uses the same resources for initial connection and reconnection, or a separate resource pool method that distinguishes resources for initial connection and resources for reconnection.

[0214] Referring to FIG. 40, a base station may configure a set of D2R resources for performing reconnection of a device through a shared resource pool method in which at least one D2R resource (e.g., a connection opportunity) for reconnection of a device is shared with a D2R resource for initial connection of a device. The base station may transmit to the device D2R resource configuration information for initial connection and reconnection of the device, including the resource configuration information of a paging message. The device may control initial connection and reconnection operations based on the resource configuration information of the paging message received from the base station.

[0215] Referring to FIG. 41, a base station may configure a set of D2R resources for performing device reconnection through a separated resource pool method in which at least one D2R resource (e.g., connection opportunity) for device reconnection is separated from the D2R resource for initial connection of the device. The base station may be able to set independent D2R resources for each of at least one device attempting initial connection or reconnection.

[0216] The operation of the method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can be implemented as a computer-readable program or code on a computer-readable recording medium. A computer-readable recording medium includes all types of recording devices in which information that can be read by a computer system is stored. Additionally, the computer-readable recording medium may be distributed across networked computer systems, and the computer-readable program or code may be stored and executed in a distributed manner.

[0217] In addition, computer-readable recording media may include hardware devices specifically configured to store and execute program instructions, such as ROM, RAM, and flash memory. Program instructions may include machine code, such as that generated by a compiler, as well as high-level language code that can be executed by a computer using an interpreter, etc.

[0218] Some aspects of the present disclosure have been described in the context of a device, but may also be described according to a corresponding method, wherein a block or device corresponds to a method step or a feature of a method step. Similarly, aspects described in the context of a method may also be described according to a corresponding block or item or a feature of a corresponding device. Some or all of the method steps may be performed by (or using) a hardware device, such as, for example, a microprocessor, a programmable computer, or an electronic circuit. In some embodiments, at least one of the most important method steps may be performed by such a device.

[0219] In the embodiments, a programmable logic device (e.g., a field-programmable gate array) may be used to perform some or all of the functions of the methods described herein. In the embodiments, a field-programmable gate array may operate with a microprocessor to perform one of the methods described herein. Generally, it is preferable that the methods be performed by some hardware device.

[0220] Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and changes can be made to the present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as set forth in the following claims.

Claims

1. By the base station method, A step of receiving a service request for an ambient IoT (A-IoT, ambient-internet of things) network from a core network; A step of generating resource configuration information and transmission scheduling information for connection with at least one device based on the above service request; A step of determining the topology type of the above A-IoT network; and A method comprising the step of transmitting the resource configuration information and the transmission scheduling information to different communication nodes based on the above topology type. Base station method.

2. In Claim 1, The step of transmitting to the above different communication nodes is, If the above topology type is a topology in which the base station and the device are directly connected, the method comprises the step of transmitting an A-IoT frame including the resource configuration information and the transmission scheduling information to the device, and if the above topology type is a topology in which an intermediate node is included between the base station and the device, the method comprises the step of transmitting the resource configuration information and the transmission scheduling information to the intermediate node. Base station method.

3. In Claim 1, The above A-IoT frame is, It includes PRDCH (physical reader to device channel) and PDRCH (physical device to reader channel), The above PRDCH and the above PDRCH are placed in the same slot or different slots in the above A-IoT frame, Base station method.

4. In Claim 3, The above PRDCH includes at least one of a resource configuration section, a paging section, or an R2D (reader to device) data section, and The above PDRCH includes at least one of a random access interval or a D2R (device to reader) data interval, Base station method.

5. In Claim 1, The step of generating the above resource setting information and transmission scheduling information is, A step of generating common resource configuration information including at least one of slot configuration information of the above A-IoT transmission frame, PRDCH resource common configuration information, or PDRCH resource common configuration information; and A method comprising the step of generating device-specific resource setting information including at least one of a device ID for a specific device, wireless resource information for receiving R2D data, or wireless resource information for transmitting D2R data. Base station method.

6. In Claim 5, The step of generating the above-mentioned device-specific resource setting information is, The method comprises the step of defining a plurality of device-specific resources within a resource setting section of the A-IoT transmission frame, and performing resource index-based scheduling that maps at least one device-specific resource index among the plurality of device-specific resources to the device ID. Base station method.

7. In Claim 5, The step of generating the above-mentioned device-specific resource setting information is, A step comprising performing resource setting-based scheduling that links the above device ID with specific resource information assigned to the device, Base station method.

8. In Claim 1, The step of generating the above resource setting information and transmission scheduling information is, A step comprising generating the transmission scheduling information based on either a dynamic scheduling method or a semi-persistent scheduling method, Base station method.

9. In Claim 1, The method further includes the step of transmitting a paging message to the device through the paging interval of the above A-IoT transmission frame, and The above paging message includes at least one D2R resource configuration information for initial access or re-access of the device, Base station method.

10. In Claim 9, The step of transmitting the above paging message is, A method comprising the step of transmitting a single paging message for reconnecting the device in one access round including at least one access occasion. Base station method.

11. In Claim 9, The above at least one D2R resource configuration information includes one of shared resource pool information or separate resource pool information, and In the shared resource pool indicated by the shared resource pool information above, the D2R resource for reconnection of the device and the D2R resource for initial connection of the device share the same resource area, and in the separated resource pool indicated by the separated resource pool information above, the D2R resource for reconnection of the device and the D2R resource for initial connection of the device are separated into different resource areas. Base station method.

12. To the base station, It includes at least one processor, The above at least one processor is the base station, Receives a service request for an ambient IoT (A-IoT, ambient-internet of things) network from a core network, and Based on the above service request, resource configuration information and transmission scheduling information for connection with at least one device are generated, and Determine the topology type of the above A-IoT network, and, Causing the resource configuration information and the transmission scheduling information to be transmitted to different communication nodes based on the above topology type, Base station.

13. In Claim 12, In order to transmit to the above different communication nodes, the at least one processor, the base station, When the above topology type is a topology in which the base station and the device are directly connected, an A-IoT frame including the resource configuration information and the transmission scheduling information is transmitted to the device, and when the above topology type is a topology in which an intermediate node is included between the base station and the device, the resource configuration information and the transmission scheduling information are transmitted to the intermediate node. Base station.

14. In Claim 12, The above A-IoT frame is, It includes PRDCH (physical reader to device channel) and PDRCH (physical device to reader channel), The above PRDCH includes at least one of a resource configuration section, a paging section, or an R2D (reader to device) data section, and the above PDRCH includes at least one of a random access section or a D2R (device to reader) data section. The above PRDCH and the above PDRCH are placed in the same slot or different slots in the above A-IoT frame, Base station.

15. In Claim 12, To generate the above resource setting information and transmission scheduling information, the at least one processor, the base station, Generates common resource configuration information including at least one of slot configuration information of the above A-IoT transmission frame, PRDCH resource common configuration information, or PDRCH resource common configuration information, and, Causing to generate device-specific resource configuration information including at least one of a device ID for a specific device, wireless resource information for receiving R2D data, or wireless resource information for transmitting D2R data, Base station.

16. In Claim 15, To generate the above device-specific resource setting information, the at least one processor, the base station, Defining a plurality of device-specific resources within a resource setting section of the above A-IoT transmission frame, and causing to perform one of resource index-based scheduling that maps at least one device-specific resource index among the plurality of device-specific resources to the device ID, or resource setting-based scheduling that links the device ID with specific resource information allocated to the device. Base station.

17. In Claim 12, To generate the above resource setting information and transmission scheduling information, the at least one processor, the base station, Causing to generate the transmission scheduling information based on either a dynamic scheduling method or a semi-persistent scheduling method, Base station.

18. In Claim 12, The above at least one processor is the base station, Further causing to transmit a paging message to the device through the paging interval of the above A-IoT transmission frame, and The above paging message includes at least one D2R resource configuration information for initial access or re-access of the device, Base station.

19. In Claim 18, To transmit the above paging message, the at least one processor, the base station, Causing to transmit a single paging message for reconnection of the device in one access round including at least one access occasion, Base station.

20. In Claim 18, The above at least one D2R resource configuration information includes one of shared resource pool information or separate resource pool information, and In the shared resource pool indicated by the shared resource pool information above, the D2R resource for reconnection of the device and the D2R resource for initial connection of the device share the same resource area, and in the separated resource pool indicated by the separated resource pool information above, the D2R resource for reconnection of the device and the D2R resource for initial connection of the device are separated into different resource areas. Base station.

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