Hydraulic breaker

Abstract

The invention relates to the mining and construction industries, in particular to hydraulic percussion mechanisms intended for use as interchangeable equipment for construction and road machinery (excavator attachments) for demolishing solid rock formations, road surfaces and concrete structures, and other such operations. The hydraulic breaker comprises a percussion mechanism and a box with a working tool installed therein. In the region of the box, the working tool has a rounded-edge hole which is elongated in the longitudinal direction of the working tool and has a rectangular cross-section. The size of the cross-section is larger in the longitudinal direction than in the transverse direction. The box takes the form of two side walls with two frontal walls mounted therebetween. The side walls are fastened together by means of threaded connections that pass through holes in the frontal walls. A locking pin is fitted in oppositely located holes in the side walls and in the hole in the working tool. The technical result achieved through the implementation of the claimed invention consists in increasing the reliability / durability and maintainability of the box of the hydraulic breaker during operation.

Description

[0001] HYDRAULIC HAMMER

[0002] The invention relates to the mining and construction industry, in particular to hydraulic impact mechanisms intended for use as replacement equipment for road construction machines (excavator attachments) for the destruction of hard rocks, road surfaces, concrete structures and similar works.

[0003] Until now, hydraulic hammer working tools have been made exclusively from round rolled steel and have a round, square, or hexagonal cross-section where they fit into the axlebox. However, this shape is unsuitable for rock-breaking techniques using longitudinal rock movements of the hydraulic hammer. A suitable working tool shape in the axlebox area for such applications is a rectangular cross-section, since the greatest bending load is borne by the wider section.

[0004] A hydraulic hammer working tool having a rectangular cross-section in the area of ​​the axle box is described in a patent selected as the closest analogue of the patented device (RU 2 777231 C1, 04.05.2021). The hydraulic hammer described in the patent comprises a striking mechanism, an axle box in which the working tool is placed, characterized in that the working tool in the area of ​​the axle box contains an opening elongated in the longitudinal direction of the working tool with rounded edges and is made rectangular in cross-section, wherein the cross-sectional size in the longitudinal direction is larger than in the transverse direction, two front flat liners and two lateral flat liners placed between the axle box and the working tool, and a locking pin installed in openings on the transverse axis of the axle box and passing through the said opening in the working tool in the transverse direction of its cross-section.However, the closest alternative has drawbacks, including insufficient reliability and durability of the hydraulic hammer axle box, as the final manufacturing process involves welding its component parts, which does not ensure sufficient precision. Increased joint gaps during operation lead to premature wear and failure of the axle box, which highlights another drawback of the alternative: the insufficient repairability of the hydraulic hammer axle box, as with any welded structure.

[0005] The technical problem that the proposed invention aims to solve is to eliminate the aforementioned shortcomings.

[0006] The technical result achieved by implementing the claimed invention consists in increasing the reliability / durability and maintainability of the hydraulic hammer axle box during operation.

[0007] The specified technical result is achieved by changing the design of the hydraulic hammer axle box.

[0008] A hydraulic hammer comprises a striking mechanism and a journal box with a working tool installed therein. The journal box contains an opening in the longitudinal direction of the working tool, rounded at the edges and rectangular in cross-section, wherein the cross-sectional dimension in the longitudinal direction is greater than in the transverse direction. A locking pin is installed in the opening of the working tool. According to the invention, the journal box is designed as two side walls with two front walls installed between them. The side walls are fastened together by means of threaded connections passing through openings made in the front walls, and the locking pin is installed in openings made opposite each other in the side walls.

[0009] The detachable design of the axle box, consisting of side and front walls, tightened together with threaded connections, improves the repairability of the hydraulic hammer's axle box. Combined with more precise final machining of the axle box components, eliminating the need for further welding, the reliability of the device is increased, thereby increasing the service life of the hydraulic hammer, i.e., its durability.

[0010] The solution is further explained with references to figures, which show the following.

[0011] Fig. 1 - front view of the hydraulic hammer.

[0012] Fig. 2 - side view of the hydraulic hammer.

[0013] Fig. 3 - view A-A from Fig. 1.

[0014] The hydraulic hammer contains a striking mechanism 1, an axle box 2, with a working tool 6 installed in it.

[0015] The axle box 2 is made in the form of two side walls 3 with two front walls 4 installed between them. The side walls 3 are fastened together by means of threaded connections 5 passing through openings made in the front walls 4.

[0016] In the axle box 2, a working tool 6 is installed with the possibility of reciprocating movement, secured by a locking pin 7.

[0017] The working tool 6 in the area of ​​the axle box 2 is rectangular in cross-section, wherein the cross-sectional dimension in the longitudinal direction is greater than in the transverse direction. The working tool 6 in the area of ​​the axle box 2 comprises an opening 8 elongated in the longitudinal direction of the working tool with rounded edges. A locking pin 7 is installed in the opening 8 of the working tool 6, which is also secured to the side walls 3 of the axle box in openings formed opposite each other in the side walls 3.

[0018] The hydraulic hammer operates as follows. In its initial position, the lower working edge of tool 6 rests against the object being broken, and the upper edge rests against the axle box 2. The impact mechanism 1 acts on the upper part of tool 6, causing it to move downward. The lower working edge penetrates the object being broken, creating stress and cracks in it.

[0019] After this, the hydraulic hammer, under the force of its own weight and the weight of the base machine, descends to the depth of the working tool 6. The device returns to its original position. The cycle then repeats.

[0020] If maintenance and repair of the hydraulic hammer is required, the axle box can be easily disassembled by removing the threaded connections 5. Any part of the axle box can be repaired, and the most worn and inexpensive parts - the front walls 4 - can be replaced, if necessary, without changing the entire axle box.

[0021] The tests conducted fully confirmed the stated advantages.

Claims

CLAUSES OF THE INVENTION A hydraulic hammer comprising a striking mechanism, an axle box, with a working tool installed therein, made in the area of ​​the axle box rectangular in cross-section, wherein the size of said cross-section in the longitudinal direction is greater than in the transverse direction, and containing an opening extended in the longitudinal direction of the working tool with rounded edges, in which a locking pin is installed, characterized in that the axle box is made in the form of two side walls with two front walls installed between them, wherein the side walls are fastened together by means of threaded connections passing through openings made in the front walls, and the locking pin is installed in openings made opposite each other in the side walls.

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