Airway protection device

Abstract

Various methods of use and devices are provided for an airway protection device. In various examples, the device includes a mask further including a rigid enclosure with a plurality of openings in a geometric pattern to facilitate airflow and a fastening mechanism to detachably attach the mask to a wearer. The mask is shaped to anatomically anchor to a facial feature of the wearer. Furthermore, the rigid enclosure is tapered with a proximal end of the rigid enclosure that is larger than a distal end of the rigid enclosure.

Description

[0001] Docket: 330112-2010 AIRWAY PROTECTION DEVICE

[0002] CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED CASES

[0003] This application claims the benefit of and priority to U.S. provisional application entitled “AIRWAY PROTECTION DEVICE WITH AUTOMATED OPIOID REVERSAL AGENT DEPLOYMENT” having serial no. 63 / 824,390, filed June 16, 2025 and U.S. provisional application entitled “AIRWAY PROTECTION DEVICE” having serial no. 63 / 749,261, filed January 24, 2025, the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference.

[0004] BACKGROUND

[0005] The opioid epidemic continues to be one of the most consequential public health crises of the 21stcentury. The use of opioids can decrease the body’s ventilatory response to carbon dioxide, which can result in severe respiratory depression. Opioid reversal agents can be delivered via an intravenous administration, an intramuscular injection, or a nasal administration to restore breathing following an opioid overdose. The rate of opioid-related deaths continues to rise despite various interventions being deployed in high-risk communities, including pharmaceuticals and rehabilitation programs. Thus, the need for new and innovative interventions is paramount to addressing this public health crisis.

[0006] Though the intrinsic respiratory impairment related to opioid toxicity is certainly sufficient to cause death, some fatalities are related to positional asphyxia. Examination of opioid-related fatalities has shown that descendants are more likely to be found in positions of airway compromise compared to other causes of death. This is thought to be related to loss of capacity combined withDocket: 330112-2010 the individual taking a resting position whereby the mouth and nose become compressed in a manner which impedes airflow. It is believed that this positional asphyxia mechanism may in fact be a contributing factor in one-third of opioid related deaths.

[0007] SUMMARY

[0008] Aspects of the present disclosure are related to an airway protection devices, systems, and methods of use.

[0009] In various aspects, the device comprises a mask further comprising a rigid enclosure with a plurality of openings in a geometric pattern to facilitate airflow; and a fastening mechanism to detachably attach the mask to a wearer, wherein the mask is shaped to anatomically anchor to a facial feature of the wearer, and wherein the rigid enclosure is tapered with a proximal end of the rigid enclosure that is larger than a distal end of the rigid enclosure. In various aspects, the device can further comprise an opioid reversal agent compartment detachably attached to the mask; and a trigger mechanism configured to deploy the opioid reversal agent. The trigger mechanism can be a plunger that deploys the opioid reversal agent upon depression of the plunger. In some aspects, the device can further comprise a biometric monitoring sensor attached to the rigid enclosure to monitor vital signs of the wearer. The mask can be composed of one of at least: a plastic, a polymer, a metal, a rigid paper, a rubber, or a foam. In various aspects, the geometric pattern can be one of at least: a parallel bar pattern, a perpendicular bar pattern, a circular pattern, a triangular pattern, a pentagonal pattern, a hexagonal pattern, or an octagonal pattern. The fastening mechanism can be oneDocket: 330112-2010 of at least an elastic fastener, a hook-and-loop fastener, a belted fastener, a sliding knot fastener, a sliding lock fastener, or a string fastener.

[0010] In another aspect, a method comprises providing a mask, having a rigid enclosure that is tapered with a proximal end of the rigid enclosure that is larger than a distal end of the rigid enclosure; and detachably attaching the mask to a face of a wearer, wherein the rigid enclosure has a plurality of openings arranged in a geometric pattern to facilitate airflow. In some aspects, the method can further comprise attaching an opioid reversal agent compartment to the mask; and activating a trigger mechanism configured to deploy the opioid reversal agent. In various aspects, the method can further comprise attaching a biometric monitor sensor to the wearer at one of at least: a wrist, a torso, a digit, or a face; and monitoring a plurality of vital signs of the wearer using the biometric monitoring sensor, wherein the trigger mechanism is activated based at least in part on the plurality of vital signs. The method can further comprise alerting emergency medical services via the biometric monitoring sensor based at least in part on the plurality of vital signs. The plurality of vital signs being monitored can include one of at least: a respiratory rate, a heart rate, a blood pressure, a body temperature, a plurality of respiratory volumes, an end-tidal carbon dioxide measurement, or a pulse oximetry measurement. The mask can be composed of one of at least: a plastic, a polymer, a metal, a rigid paper, a rubber, ora foam. In various aspects, the geometric pattern can be one of at least: a parallel bar pattern, a perpendicular bar pattern, a circular pattern, a triangular pattern, a pentagonal pattern, a hexagonal pattern, or an octagonal pattern.

[0011] In another aspect, a system comprises a mask, comprising a rigid enclosure with a plurality of openings to facilitate airflow; a fastening mechanismDocket: 330112-2010 to detachably attach the mask to a wearer; an opioid reversal agent compartment detachably attached to the mask; and a trigger mechanism configured to deploy the opioid reversal agent; and a computing device comprising a processor and a memory; machine-readable instructions stored in the memory that, when executed by the processor, cause the computing device to at least: monitor a plurality of vital signs of the wearer of the mask via a biometric monitoring sensor; and activate the trigger mechanism to deploy the opioid reversal agent based at least in part on at least one of the plurality of vital signs. In some aspects, the machine-readable instructions further cause the computing device to at least alert emergency medical services via the biometric monitoring sensor based at least in part on the plurality of vital signs. The plurality of vital signs being monitored can include one of at least: a respiratory rate, a heart rate, a blood pressure, a body temperature, a plurality of respiratory volumes, an end-tidal carbon dioxide measurement, or a pulse oximetry measurement. In various aspects, the geometric pattern can be one of at least: a parallel bar pattern, a perpendicular bar pattern, a circular pattern, a triangular pattern, a pentagonal pattern, a hexagonal pattern, or an octagonal pattern. The mask can be composed of one of at least: a plastic, a polymer, a metal, a rigid paper, a rubber, or a foam. And, the fastening mechanism can be one of at least an elastic fastener, a hook-and-loop fastener, a belted fastener, a sliding knot fastener, a sliding lock fastener, or a string fastener.

[0012] Other systems, methods, features, and advantages of the present disclosure will be or become apparent to one with skill in the art upon examination of the following drawings and detailed description. It is intended that all such additional systems, methods, features, and advantages be included within thisDocket: 330112-2010 description, be within the scope of the present disclosure, and be protected by the accompanying claims. In addition, all optional and preferred features and modifications of the described aspects are usable in all aspects of the disclosure taught herein. Furthermore, the individual features of the dependent claims, as well as all optional and preferred features and modifications of the described examples are combinable and interchangeable with one another.

[0013] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Many aspects of the present disclosure can be better understood with reference to the following drawings. The components in the drawings are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon clearly illustrating the principles of the present disclosure. Moreover, in the drawings, like reference numerals designate corresponding parts throughout the several views.

[0015] FIGS. 1 A and 1 B are perspective views of a mask of an airway protection device according to various aspects of the present disclosure. FIG. 1 A is a front view and FIG. 1 B is a profile view.

[0016] FIGS. 2Aand 2B illustrate perspective views of an airway protection device detachably attached to a wearer according to various aspects of the present disclosure. FIG. 2A is a front view and FIG. 2B is a profile view.

[0017] FIGS. 3A-C illustrate various examples of the mask of an airway protection device anatomically anchored to the wearer. FIG. 3A depicts a mask anatomically anchored to the frontal bone of the wearer according to various aspects of the present disclosure. FIG. 3B depicts a mask anatomically anchored to the mouth of the wearer according to various aspects of the present disclosure. FIG. 3CDocket: 330112-2010 depicts a mask anatomically anchored to the zygomatic arch of a wearer according to various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0018] FIGS. 4A-E illustrate various examples of the mask of an airway protection device with anatomical anchor and various geometric designs of the rigid enclosure. FIG. 4A depicts a mask anatomically anchored to the frontal bone of a wearer with a pyramid shaped rigid enclosure according to various aspects of the present disclosure. FIG. 4B shows a mask anatomically anchored to the frontal bone of a wearer with a dome shaped rigid enclosure according to various aspects of the present disclosure. FIG. 4C depicts a mask anatomically anchored to the frontal bone of a wearer with a triangular prism shaped rigid enclosure according to various aspects of the present disclosure. FIG. 4D shows a mask anatomically anchored to the nose of a wearer with a short, triangular prism shaped rigid enclosure according to various aspects of the present disclosure. FIG. 4E depicts a mask anatomically anchored to the nose of a wearer with a long, triangular prism shaped rigid enclosure according to various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0019] FIGS. 5A and 5B illustrate the events occurring surrounding the loss of capacity. FIG. 5A depicts a person who loses capacity and suffers from nose and / or mouth occlusion that may cause positional asphyxia according to various aspects of the present disclosure. FIG. 5B depicts a person who loses capacity while wearing an airway protection device that can prevent positional asphyxia according to various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0020] FIG. 6 illustrates an example of a mask of an airway protection device with an opioid reversal agent compartment according to various aspects of the present disclosure.Docket: 330112-2010 FIGS. 7A-C illustrate various examples of placements of housing for a selfdeploying opioid reversal agent allowing for intranasal delivery. FIG. 7A depicts a housing for a self-deploying opioid reversal agent on the ear of a wearer according to various aspects of the present disclosure. FIG. 7B depicts a housing for a selfdeploying opioid reversal agent on the nose of the wearer according to various aspects of the present disclosure. FIG. 7C depicts a housing for a self-deploying opioid reversal agent adhesively adhered to the skin of a wearer according to various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0021] FIG. 8 illustrates a wearer of a mask of an airway protection device with a biometric monitoring sensor according to various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0022] DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] Disclosed herein are various examples related to an airway protection device. According to various examples of the present disclosure, the airway protection device can reduce the risk of positional asphyxia associated with various conditions including opioid overdose, unsafe sleep conditions, intoxication, and other conditions and circumstances that may result in obstructions of the nose and / or mouth in a similar manner. The device is designed to be worn as a mask which provides mechanical protection of the nose and / or mouth from obstruction. In addition, the unique design encourages rotation of the head to further reduce the risk of nose and / or mouth obstruction. In various examples of the present disclosure, the airway protection device can include an automated opioid reversal agent deployment. For example, an opioid reversal agent compartment can be detachably attached to the mask with a triggerDocket: 330112-2010 mechanism configured to deploy the opioid reversal agent. In some examples, the trigger mechanism can be a plunger where the opioid reversal agent is deployed upon depression of the plunger.

[0024] Further, in some examples, the airway protection device can be in communication with a biometric monitoring device. In various examples of the present disclosure, the biometric monitoring device can be a computing device capable of monitoring the vital signs (e.g., respiratory rate, heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature, respiratory volumes, end-tidal carbon dioxide measurement, pulse oximetry, etc.) of a wearer of the biometric monitoring device. According to various examples, the biometric monitoring device can be worn at various locations by the wearer including at least a wrist (e.g., a watch), a torso, a digit (e.g., a ring), or a face. The biometric monitoring device can be set with limits for the monitored vital signs representing an optimal range. In some examples, when the vital signs of the wearer are measured outside this optimal range, the biometric monitoring device can alert emergency services of the individual and call for medical assistance. Further, according to some examples, when the vital signs of the wearer are measured at dangerous levels, the biometric monitoring device can activate the trigger mechanism to automatically deploy the opioid reversal agent.

[0025] According to various examples of the present disclosure, the opioid reversal agent can be located at various locations on the body separate from the airway protection device. For example, the opioid reversal agent can be earmounted, nose-mounted, neck-mounted, trunk-mounted, skin-embedded, and / or any other suitable location on the body for dispersal of the opioid reversal agent. In these examples, the opioid reversal agent can be deployed using a propellant,Docket: 330112-2010 spring-loaded mechanism, plunge, or other mechanisms allowing for delivery of the opioid reversal agent. Reference will now be made in detail to the description of the examples as illustrated in the drawings, wherein like reference numbers indicate like parts throughout the several views.

[0026] Although the following discussion provides illustrative examples of the operation of various components of the present disclosure, the use of the following illustrative examples does not exclude other implementations that are consistent with the principles disclosed by the following illustrative examples.

[0027] With reference to FIG. 1A and 1 B, shown is an example of a mask 100 of an airway protection device according to various examples. FIG 1 A is a front view and FIG. 1 B is a profile view. The mask 100 may be composed of a variety of materials such as plastic, polymer, metal, rigid paper, rubber, foam, etc. In some examples, the interior of the mask 100 can include a lining 101. In some examples, the lining 101 can be a foam liner to increase the comfort of a wearer. In other examples, the lining 101 can be an adhesive liner to further secure the mask 100 to the wearer. The mask 100 according to various examples of the present disclosure can also include a rigid enclosure 103, an anatomical anchor region 109, and a plurality of fastener attachment sites 113 (113a-d).

[0028] The rigid enclosure 103 can be a cage-like structure at the distal end of the mask 100 as shown in the example of FIGS. 1 A and 1 B. The rigid enclosure 103 can be composed of the same material as the mask 100 or a different material capable of maintaining a rigid structure such as plastic, polymer, metal, rigid paper, rubber, foam, etc. In various examples of the present disclosure, the rigid enclosure 103 maintains a rigid structure to prevent compression of the airway protection device allowing for continued airway accessibility during aDocket: 330112-2010 compromised position that without the airway protection devise could potentially lead to positional asphyxia. In some examples, the rigid enclosure 103 can be tapered such that a proximal end of the rigid enclosure 103 that is larger than a distal end of the rigid enclosure 103. In various examples, the distal end of the rigid enclosure 103 can have a pointed vertex, a rounded vertex, or other point to prevent balanced contact with another surface. The tapered structure of the rigid enclosure 103 with the vertex point, forces the head of the wearer to turn upon contact with a surface, preventing the wearer from maintaining a face-down position. The rigid enclosure 103 according to various examples of the present disclosure can include a plurality of openings 106.

[0029] The plurality of openings 106 can be found throughout the rigid enclosure 103. In some examples, the plurality of openings 106 can be arranged in a geometric pattern. In FIGS.1A-B, the plurality of openings 106 are arranged in a parallel bar pattern. In other examples, the geometric pattern can include: a perpendicular bar pattern, a circular pattern, a triangular pattern, a pentagonal pattern, a hexagonal pattern, an octagonal pattern, etc. The plurality of openings 106 facilitates airflow for the wearer in a variety of potential positions.

[0030] The anatomic anchor region 109 shown in the example of FIGS. 1A-B is a nose anchor. However, in some examples, the anatomic anchor region 109 can be appropriately shaped to anchor to a nose, a mouth, a frontal bone, a mentum, a zygomatic arch, etc. In various examples, securing the mask 100 to an anatomic anchor region 109, helps keep the mask 100 in place on the face of a wearer. The mask 100 may be further secured through fasteners.

[0031] The mask 100 can include a plurality of fastener attachment sites 113. The example of FIGS. 1A-B shows four fastener attachment sites 113 along the sidesDocket: 330112-2010 of the mask 100. While the example shows four fastener attachment sites 113, various examples of the present disclosure can include any number of fastener attachment sites 113. These fastener attachment sites 113 allow for fastening mechanisms to be attached to the mask 100 to detachably attach the mask 100 to the face of a wearer.

[0032] With reference to FIGS. 2A and 2B, shown are various perspective views of one example of a wearer of an airway protection device according to one example of the present disclosure. Like FIGS. 1A and 1B, FIGS. 2Aand 2B depict a mask 100 according to various aspects of the present disclosure including a rigid enclosure 103, an anatomical anchor region 109, and a plurality of fastener attachment sites 113 (113a-d).

[0033] FIGS. 2A and 2B further illustrate the mask 100 being detachably attached to the wearer via fasteners mechanisms 116 (116a and 116b). In some examples, the fastening mechanisms can include an elastic fastener, a hook-and-loop fastener, a belted fastener, a sliding knot fastener, a sliding lock fastener, a string fastener, etc. In some examples, the fastening mechanism is secured around a wearer’s ears, a wearer’s head, a wearer’s neck, etc.

[0034] With reference to FIGS. 3A-C, shown are various examples of anatomic anchor regions 109 according to various examples of the present disclosure. In some examples, the anatomic anchor region 109 of the airway protection device can be appropriately shaped to anchor to a nose, a mouth, a frontal bone, a mentum, a zygomatic arch, etc. FIG. 3A illustrates one example of an anatomic anchor region 109 appropriately shaped to anchor to the wearer’s frontal bone. In other examples, as shown in FIG. 3B, the anatomic anchor region 109 can be appropriately shaped to anchor to the mouth of the wearer. Alternatively, asDocket: 330112-2010 exemplified in FIG. 3C, the anatomic anchor region 109 can be appropriately shaped to anchor to the nose, the mentum, and / or the zygomatic arch of a wearer.

[0035] Moving on to FIGS. 4A-E, shown are various examples of the mask of an airway protection device with anatomical anchor and various geometric designs of the rigid enclosure. For example, FIG. 4A depicts a mask anatomically anchored to the frontal bone of a wearer with a pyramid shaped rigid enclosure, and FIG.

[0036] 4B shows a mask anatomically anchored to the frontal bone of a wearer with a dome shaped rigid enclosure. FIG. 4C depicts a mask anatomically anchored to the frontal bone of a wearer with a triangular prism shaped rigid enclosure. FIGS.

[0037] 4A-C illustrate various design structures of the rigid enclosure. Alternatively, FIG.

[0038] 4D shows a mask anatomically anchored to the nose of a wearer with a short, triangular prism shaped rigid enclosure and FIG. 4E depicts a mask anatomically anchored to the nose of a wearer with a long, triangular prism shaped rigid enclosure. Therefore, FIGS. 4D and 4E show how the length of the rigid enclosure can be varied among aspects of the present disclosure.

[0039] With reference to FIGS. 5A and 5B, shown is a pictorial diagram of loss of capacitation. FIG. 5A depicts a person on a bed falling face-first into the bed at the loss of capacity. With nose and / or mouth occlusion, there is a loss of airway access. The sequence of events as depicted in FIG. 5A may lead to positional asphyxia. FIG. 5B depicts a person wearing one example of the airway protection device. As with FIG. 5A, in FIG. 5B there is a loss of capacity of the wearer. At the loss of capacity, the wearer falls head-first into the bed. In FIG. 5B, the vertex of the mask 100 hits the bed, encouraging rotation of the wearer’s head. This forced movement along with the plurality of openings 106 and other mechanicalDocket: 330112-2010 advantages of the airway protection device work to maintain airflow to the wearer, thus protecting the wearer from suffering from positional asphyxia.

[0040] FIG. 6 illustrates an example of a mask of an airway protection device with an opioid reversal agent compartment according to various examples of the present disclosure. In the example of FIG. 6, an additional element of an opioid reversal agent compartment 603 detachably attached to the mask 100 that allows for the deployment of an opioid reversal agent. I n this example, the opioid reversal agent compartment 603 is built into the mask 100 with a trigger mechanism 606 configured to deploy the opioid reversal agent. In some examples and as shown in FIG. 6, the trigger mechanism 606 can be a plunger whereby the trigger mechanism 606 deploys the opioid reversal agent upon depression of the plunger. The plunger as the trigger mechanism 606 allows for deployment of the opioid reversal agent upon contact with a solid surface. Therefore, the opioid reversal agent can be released upon loss of capacity and when the wearer falls head-first such as depicted previously in FIG. 5B. In other examples, the trigger mechanism 606 can be other configurations such as a digital trigger configured to deploy the opioid reversal agent based at least in part on critical biometric data.

[0041] Next, in reference to FIGS 7A-C, shown are various locations for the opioid reversal agent compartment 603. In addition to the previously described examples, whereby the opioid reversal agent compartment 603 is attached to the mask 100, alternative locations for the opioid reversal agent compartment 603 can be used for automatic deployment. In various examples, the opioid reversal agent compartment 603 can be located on various parts of the body such as the ear, nose, skin, or any other suitable location. The opioid reversal agent compartment 603 can be attached to the wearer via an opioid attachment mechanism 709, suchDocket: 330112-2010 as an anchor, a clip, or an adhesive. In these examples, the opioid reversal agent can be deployed using a propellant, spring-loaded mechanism, plunger, or other mechanisms allowing delivery. In the examples shown in FIGS. 7A-C, the opioid reversal agent is delivered intranasally.

[0042] In FIG. 7A, an ear-mounted example of the opioid reversal agent compartment 603 is shown. For example, in FIG. 7A, the opioid reversal agent 703 is housed in the opioid reversal agent compartment 603 which is attached to the ear of a wearer via an opioid attachment mechanism 709a (e.g., ear clip). In this example, a delivery channel 706 (e.g., tubing) is employed to connect the opioid reversal agent 703 to the nose of the wearer to allow for intranasal delivery.

[0043] Next, in FIG. 7B, a nose-mounted example of the opioid reversal agent compartment 603 is shown. In this example, the opioid reversal agent 703 is housed within the opioid reversal agent compartment 603 and the opioid reversal agent compartment 603 is attached to the nose via an opioid attachment mechanism 709b (e.g., nose anchor). The delivery channel 706 is shown linking the opioid reversal agent compartment 603 to the nose. In some examples, the opioid reversal agent compartment 603 can be placed in the nostril and thus there may not be a need for the delivery channel 706.

[0044] Then in FIG. 7C, a neck-mounted example of the opioid reversal agent compartment 603 is shown. For example, the opioid reversal agent 703 can be adhesively attached to the skin of a wearer. In some examples, the opioid reversal agent compartment 603 can also be attached to other locations on the skin such as the torso or other suitable locations. In FIG. 7C, the opioid reversal agent 703 can be housed within the opioid reversal agent compartment 603. The opioid reversal agent 703 can be delivered to the nose via the delivery channel 706.Docket: 330112-2010 Further in some examples, the opioid reversal agent compartment 603 can be embedded within the skin. Some examples can involve seating or embedding the opioid reversal agent compartment 603 in the skin on various parts of the body. In these examples, the opioid reversal agent 703 can be delivered intravascularly, intramuscularly, or subcutaneously via a needle of similar mechanism.

[0045] Finally, in reference to FIG. 8, shown is an example of a wearer of the mask 100 with a biometric monitoring sensor 803. According to various examples, the biometric monitoring sensor 803 can be configured to monitor the vital signs of the wearer. In FIG. 8, the biometric monitoring sensor 803 is shown as being attached to the wrist of a wearer, however, in various examples, the biometric monitoring sensor 803 can also be placed on a wearer’s torso, digit, face, or any other suitable location to allow for monitoring of the wearer’s vital signs. For example, the biometric monitoring sensor 803 can monitor one or more vital signs reflecting the health status of the wearer including at least heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature, respiratory volumes, end-tidal carbon dioxide measurement, or a pulse oximetry measurement.

[0046] In various examples, the biometric monitoring sensor 803 can be connected (e.g., hardwired, Bluetooth signal, etc.) to the mask 100. This can allow for the biometric monitoring sensor 803 to trigger deployment of the opioid reversal agent 703 based at least in part on critical biometric data. For example, in the case of opioid overdose, respiratory suppression can lead to a variety of potential critical health data triggers which can cause the opioid reversal agent 703 to be deployed automatically. In addition to monitoring vital signs, the biometric monitoring sensor 803 can be equipped to monitor the location of theDocket: 330112-2010 wearer and to transmit critical alerts to local healthcare personnel, such as emergency medical services.

[0047] The airway protection device with the mask 100 of the present disclosure is a barrier device to be worn by individuals to mitigate the risk of positional asphyxia. There are many potential applications of unsafe conditions that such device can be deployable such as opioid-related toxicity following recreational drug use, unsafe sleeping conditions in infants, alcohol toxicity, etc. The device is designed to be worn as a mask and to protect the airway from external compression and airflow restriction. The device can be employed in any situation where airflow compression and restriction are a concern, as can be appreciated by the present disclosure. In examples where the device includes a biometric monitoring sensor 803, opioid reversal agent can be deployed automatically based at least in part on the vital signs of the wearer to have a synergistic effect with the mask 100 to allow for maximal intervention and protection in cases of opioid overdoses.

[0048] For example, in the instance of potential overdose, the mask can be deployed whereby an inflicted individual is provided the mask 100 as described above and the mask 100 is detachably attached to the face of a wearer. In some examples, an opioid reversal agent compartment 603 can be attached to the mask 100. Further, a biometric monitoring sensor 803 can be attached to the wearer at one of at least a wrist, a torso, a digit, or a face and the biometric monitoring sensor 803 can be used to monitor a plurality of vital signs of the wearer.

[0049] It should be emphasized that the above-described examples of the present disclosure are merely possible examples of implementations set forth for a clear understanding of the principles of the disclosure. Many variations andDocket: 330112-2010 modifications may be made to the above-described example(s) without departing substantially from the spirit and principles of the disclosure. All such modifications and variations are intended to be included herein within the scope of this disclosure and protected by the following claims.

[0050] The term "substantially" is meant to permit deviations from the descriptive term that don't negatively impact the intended purpose. Descriptive terms are implicitly understood to be modified by the word substantially, even if the term is not explicitly modified by the word substantially.

[0051] It should be noted that ratios, concentrations, amounts, and other numerical data may be expressed herein in a range format. It is to be understood that such a range format is used for convenience and brevity, and thus, should be interpreted in a flexible manner to include not only the numerical values explicitly recited as the limits of the range, but also to include all the individual numerical values or sub-ranges encompassed within that range as if each numerical value and sub-range is explicitly recited. To illustrate, a concentration range of “about 0.1% to about 5%” should be interpreted to include not only the explicitly recited concentration of about 0.1 wt% to about 5 wt%, but also include individual concentrations (e.g., 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4%) and the sub-ranges (e.g., 0.5%, 1.1%, 2.2%, 3.3%, and 4.4%) within the indicated range. The term “about” can include traditional rounding according to significant figures of numerical values. In addition, the phrase “about ‘x’ to ‘y’” includes “about ‘x’ to about ‘y’”.

Claims

Docket: 330112-2010CLAIMSTherefore, at least the following is claimed:

1. A device, comprising:a mask comprising a rigid enclosure with a plurality of openings in a geometric pattern to facilitate airflow; anda fastening mechanism to detachably attach the mask to a wearer, wherein the mask is shaped to anatomically anchor to a facial feature of the wearer, andwherein the rigid enclosure is tapered with a proximal end of the rigid enclosure that is larger than a distal end of the rigid enclosure.

2. The device of claim 1 further comprising:an opioid reversal agent compartment detachably attached to the mask; anda trigger mechanism configured to deploy the opioid reversal agent.

3. The device of claim 2, wherein the trigger mechanism is a plunger that deploys the opioid reversal agent upon depression of the plunger.

4. The device of any of claims 1-3 further comprising a biometric monitoring sensor attached to the rigid enclosure to monitor vital signs of the wearer.

5. The device of any of claims 1-4, wherein the mask is composed of at least one of: a plastic, a polymer, a metal, a rigid paper, a rubber, ora foam.Docket: 330112-2010 6. The device of any of claims 1-5, wherein the geometric pattern comprises at least one of: a parallel bar pattern, a perpendicular bar pattern, a circular pattern, a triangular pattern, a pentagonal pattern, a hexagonal pattern, or an octagonal pattern.

7. The device of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the fastening mechanism comprises at least one of an elastic fastener, a hook-and-loop fastener, a belted fastener, a sliding knot fastener, a sliding lock fastener, or a string fastener.

8. A method, comprising:providing a mask, having a rigid enclosure that is tapered with a proximal end of the rigid enclosure that is larger than a distal end of the rigid enclosure; and detachably attaching the mask to a face of a wearer,wherein the rigid enclosure has a plurality of openings arranged in a geometric pattern to facilitate airflow.

9. The method of claim 8, further comprising:attaching an opioid reversal agent compartment to the mask; and activating a trigger mechanism configured to deploy the opioid reversal agent.Docket: 330112-2010 10. The method of claim 9, further comprising:attaching a biometric monitoring sensor to the wearer at one of at least: a wrist, a torso, a digit, or a face; andmonitoring a plurality of vital signs of the wearer using the biometric monitoring sensor, wherein the trigger mechanism is activated based at least in part on the plurality of vital signs.

11. The method of claim 10, further comprising alerting emergency medical services via the biometric monitoring sensor based at least in part on the plurality of vital signs.

12. The method of claim 10 or 11, wherein the plurality of vital signs being monitored include one of at least: a respiratory rate, a heart rate, a blood pressure, a body temperature, a plurality of respiratory volumes, an end-tidal carbon dioxide measurement, or a pulse oximetry measurement.

13. The method of any of claims 8-12, wherein the mask is composed of at least one of: a plastic, a polymer, a metal, a rigid paper, a rubber, or a foam.

14. The method of any one of claims 8-13, wherein the geometric pattern comprises at least one of: a parallel bar pattern, a perpendicular bar pattern, a circular pattern, a triangular pattern, a pentagonal pattern, a hexagonal pattern, or an octagonal pattern.Docket: 330112-2010 15. A system, comprising:a mask, comprising:a rigid enclosure with a plurality of openings to facilitate airflow; a fastening mechanism to detachably attach the mask to a wearer; an opioid reversal agent compartment detachably attached to the mask; anda trigger mechanism configured to deploy the opioid reversal agent; anda computing device comprising a processor and a memory;machine-readable instructions stored in the memory that, when executed by the processor, cause the computing device to at least:monitor a plurality of vital signs of the wearer of the mask via a biometric monitoring sensor; andactivate the trigger mechanism to deploy the opioid reversal agent based at least in part on at least one of the plurality of vital signs.

16. The system of claim 15, wherein the machine-readable instructions further cause the computing device to at least alert emergency medical services via the biometric monitoring sensor based at least in part on the plurality of vital signs.

17. The system of claim 15 or 16, wherein the plurality of vital signs being monitored include one of at least: a respiratory rate, a heart rate, a blood pressure, a body temperature, a plurality of respiratory volumes, an end-tidal carbon dioxide measurement, or a pulse oximetry measurement.Docket: 330112-2010 18. The system of any one of claims 15-17, wherein the geometric pattern comprises at least one of: a parallel bar pattern, a perpendicular bar pattern, a circular pattern, a triangular pattern, a pentagonal pattern, a hexagonal pattern, or an octagonal pattern.

19. The system of any of claims 15-18, wherein the mask is composed of at least one of: a plastic, a polymer, a metal, a rigid paper, a rubber, or a foam.

20. The system of any one of claims 15-19, wherein the fastening mechanism comprises at least one of an elastic fastener, a hook-and-loop fastener, a belted fastener, a sliding knot fastener, a sliding lock fastener, or a string fastener.

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