Payload system and method

Abstract

A payload system includes a payload including a casing, curved fragments held by the casing, and polygonal fragments held by the casing. The polygonal fragments have at least one of a greater mass or a higher coefficient of drag as compared to the curved fragments such that the curved fragments are configured to travel outwardly away from a center of the payload at a faster rate as compared to the polygonal fragments.

Description

PAYLOAD SYSTEM AND METHODCROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This international application claims priority to U.S. non-provisional utility application number 19 / 460,308, entitled “PAYLOAD SYSTEM AND METHOD” and filed on January 26, 2026, provisional patent application number 63 / 750,269, entitled “PAYLOAD SYSTEM AND METHOD” and filed on January 27, 2025, each of which is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference.BACKGROUND

[0002] The field of payload design is important to humanitarian applications (e.g., delivery of medicine and / or supplies), atmospheric and / or environmental injections, fire suppression, animal control, demolition, and / or the like.SUMMARY

[0003] In one aspect, a payload system includes a payload including a casing, curved fragments held by the casing, and polygonal fragments held by the casing. The polygonal fragments have at least one of a greater mass or a higher coefficient of drag as compared to the curved fragments such that the curved fragments are configured to travel outwardly away from a center of the payload at a faster rate as compared to the polygonal fragments.

[0004] In another aspect, a method includes arranging curved fragments in a payload, arranging polygonal fragments in the payload, wherein the polygonal fragments have at least one of a greater mass or a higher coefficient of drag as compared to the curved fragments, and deploying the payload such that the curved fragments travel outwardly away from a center of the payload at a faster rate as compared to the polygonal fragments.

[0005] In another aspect, a payload includes: a casing: curved fragments held by the casing; polygonal fragments held by the casing, wherein the polygonal fragments have at least one of a greater mass or a higher coefficient of drag as compared to the curved fragments such that the curved fragments are configured to travel outwardly away from a center of the payload at a faster rate as compared to the polygonal fragments; wherein the curved fragments and the polygonal fragments are held by the casing such that at least onePage 1 of 35Docket No. 41796-US-PCTof the curved fragments or the polygonal fragments forms at least a portion of at least one of a skin or an exterior of the payload; and wherein the curved fragments are configured to at least one of: exhibit a wider spread within a threshold amount of time upon release of the payload as compared to the polygonal fragments; or impact a target prior to the polygonal fragments impacting the target.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] FIG. 1 illustrates perspective views of a payload system according to an implementation.

[0007] FIG. 2 illustrates plan views of the payload system shown in FIG. 1 according to an implementation.

[0008] FIG. 3 illustrates a plan view and a cross-sectional view of the payload system shown in FIG. 1 according to an implementation.

[0009] FIG. 4 illustrates further views of the pay load system shown in FIG. 1 and components thereof according to an implementation.

[0010] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view7of a portion of an exemplary mobile platform from which the payload system shown in FIG. 1 is configured to be deployed according to an implementation.

[0011] FIG. 6 is a graph illustrating an example of performance of fragments of the payload system shown in FIG. 1 from an exemplary deployment of the payload system.

[0012] FIG. 7 illustrates an exemplar}7jig and tape application process applied to fragments of the payload system shown in FIG. 1 according to an implementation.

[0013] FIG. 8 illustrates fragments of the payload system shown in FIG. 1 arranged in alternating bands and arranged in an example of an end cap according to an implementation.

[0014] FIG. 9 illustrates an example of a fragment application and epoxy / filler coat process of the payload system shown in FIG. 1 according to an implementation.

[0015] FIG. 10 illustrates an example of a theoretical performance of the pay load system shown in FIG. 1 according to an implementation.

[0016] FIG. 11 illustrates an example of a theoretical performance of the pay load system shown in FIG. 1 according to an implementation.

[0017] FIG. 12 illustrates an example of a theoretical performance of the pay load system shown in FIG. 1 according to an implementation.Page 2 of 35Docket No. 41796-US-PCT

[0018] FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating a method of operation of the payload system shown in FIG. 1 according to an implementation.

[0019] FIG. 14 is another flowchart illustrating another method of operation of the payload system show n in FIG. 1 according to an implementation.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The field of payload design is important to humanitarian applications (e.g., delivery of medicine and / or supplies), atmospheric and / or environmental injections, fire suppression, animal control, demolition, and / or the like.

[0021] Existing approaches for payload design have emphasized optimizing the balance between dispersal capability and precision. For example, known payload technologies rely on a uniform fragment shape that is designed for either widespread fragment dispersion or for concentrated penetration into a desired target. The single configuration of fragment shapes of known payload designs struggles to achieve both widespread dispersion and concentrated penetration.

[0022] One example of a shortcoming of existing payload technologies is their limited ability to dynamically adjust to varied conditions. Known designs tend to adopt a one-size-fits-all approach, potentially resulting in suboptimal performance when encountering diverse structural mechanical properties. For example, a high-mass fragment configuration may effectively penetrate fortified structures but fail to adequately damage a vulnerable component within a softer or less dense material due to lower fragment-flux. Conversely, designs that maximize fragment dispersion (i.e., high fragment-flux) might lack the necessary penetration power to breach a reinforced environment.

[0023] In contrast, aspects of the disclosure provide payload designs that combine the properties of two or more different fragment geometries and / or fragment materials, for example enabling adaptive deployment of tailored payloads. For example, aspects of the disclosure optimize initial spread and / or subsequent penetration of payload fragments to thereby address a variety of diverse operational objectives.

[0024] Aspects of the disclosure are operable in a range of applications including, but not limited to: humanitarian applications (e.g., delivery of medicine and / or supplies), atmospheric and / or environmental injections, fire suppression, animal control, demolition, and / or the like.Page 3 of 35Docket No. 41796-US-PCT

[0025] In an atmospheric and / or environmental injection example implementation, the payloads systems disclosed herein can be used for the controlled delivery of substances into the atmosphere and / or another environment (e.g., a marine environment; an underwater environment; within a pool, tank, and / or other enclosure of a liquid, solid, gas, and / or the like; an ambient environment within an enclosure; a space environment; etc.). For example, aspects of the disclosure can disperse (e.g., chemical, etc.) agents intended for agricultural applications, environmental applications, meteorological applications, (e.g., water, liquid, gas, air, etc.) treatment applications, and / or the like. Some examples include seeding clouds to encourage rain formation, distributing treatments for pest control across agricultural fields, treating drinking water, and / or the like.

[0026] Fire suppression is another example application of the payload systems disclosed herein. For example, aspects of the disclosure may be used to disperse fire suppression agents to fight forest fires and / or other relatively large-scale fires. In another example of a fire suppression application, the payload systems disclosed herein can be used to deliver fire suppression agents into an area through a structure. For example, a first type of fragments of the payload systems disclosed herein is used to penetrate a building and / or other structure, while a second type of fragment of the payload system (e.g., associated with another payload system) is used to deliver a fire suppression agent to an interior space of the building and / or other structure. In another example, the payload systems of the disclosure include fragments configured to penetrate a tree canopy and other fragments that deliver fire suppression agents below the tree canopy.

[0027] Another example application of the disclosure is animal population control. For example, in scenarios where animal overpopulation poses a risk to ecological balance and / or human life, the disclosed payload systems can be deployed in a non-lethal manner by dispersing deterrent agents, marking materials, and / or the like, which for example may aid in wildlife management efforts without causing harm to the animals.

[0028] Example demolition applications of the disclosure include the demolition of uninhabitable buildings, damaged buildings, and / or other structures, such as for urban redevelopment. For example, the payload systems disclosed herein can be configured to strategically weaken structural elements, for example to facilitate the planned collapse of a building while minimizing collateral damage to neighboring structures. Another demolition example includes underground demolition involving the removing of rock, soil, minerals, and / or other ground materials, for example to facilitate the construction of foundations, tunnels for mass transit, and / or the like. Mining is another example demolition application Page 4 of 35Docket No. 41796-US-PCTof the disclosure. For example, the payload systems disclosed herein are operable for use in strategically removing layers, pockets, and / or the like of rock, soil, minerals, and / or other ground materials (e.g., to expose other types of rock, soil, minerals, other ground materials, etc.).

[0029] Military and tactical applications of the disclosure include applications wherein the payload is an explosive warhead for target penetration, target destruction, target damage, and / or the like. For example, variations in the configuration of the curved fragments and / or the polygonal fragments can be tailored for scenarios such as bypassing, damaging, and / or destroying armor, fortified structures, reinforced structures, and / or the like.

[0030] Aspects of the disclosure operate in an unconventional manner at least by providing a payload system that includes a payload including a casing, curved fragments held by the casing, and polygonal fragments held by the casing. The polygonal fragments have at least one of a greater mass or a higher coefficient of drag as compared to the curved fragments such that the curved fragments are configured to travel outwardly away from a center of the payload at a faster rate as compared to the polygonal fragments.

[0031] Aspects of the disclosure operate in an unconventional manner at least by providing a method that includes arranging curved fragments in a payload, arranging polygonal fragments in the payload, wherein the polygonal fragments have at least one of a greater mass or a higher coefficient of drag as compared to the curved fragments, and deploying the payload such that the curved fragments travel outwardly away from a center of the pay load at a faster rate as compared to the polygonal fragments.

[0032] Aspects of the disclosure operate in an unconventional manner at least by providing a pay load that includes: a casing; curved fragments held by the casing; polygonal fragments held by the casing, wherein the polygonal fragments have at least one of a greater mass or a higher coefficient of drag as compared to the curved fragments such that the curved fragments are configured to travel outwardly away from a center of the payload at a faster rate as compared to the polygonal fragments; wherein the curved fragments and the polygonal fragments are held by the casing such that at least one of the curved fragments or the polygonal fragments forms at least a portion of at least one of a skin or an exterior of the payload; and wherein the curved fragments are configured to at least one of: exhibit a wider spread within a threshold amount of time upon release of the payload as compared to the polygonal fragments; or impact a target prior to the polygonal fragments impacting the target.Page 5 of 35Docket No. 41796-US-PCT

[0033] Example technical solutions to the example technical problems described herein include using two or more different fragment geometries and / or fragment materials, for example to tune a dispersal pattern of a payload. Aspects of the disclosure leverage mass and / or aerodynamic drag characteristics of different fragment geometries and / or fragment materials, for example to balance dispersion and penetration of the fragments in a single pay load configuration, optimize target damage and penetration, and / or the like. For example, lighter and / or lower drag fragments travel outwardly at a faster rate, effectively creating a sequential (e.g., phased, etc.) dispersal pattern where the lighter and / or lower drag fragments travel outwardly ahead of the heavier and / or higher drag fragments. The sequential dispersal pattern, for example, enables the initial breach of lighter target layers with the lighter and / or lower drag fragments, for example providing the technical effect of increasing, enhancing, and / or optimizing the penetration capabilities of the subsequently arriving heavier and / or higher drag fragments. In some examples, aspects of the disclosure include a combination of curved fragments and polygonal fragments to balance fragment dispersal and fragment penetration. The payload systems disclosed herein provide the exemplary technical effects of: increasing and / or enhancing penetration of the fragments of a payload; enhancing polar zone fragment spread without wave shaping; increasing probability7of a hit at a given miss distance; increasing and / or enhancing dispersal of the fragments of a pay load; optimizing, configuring, tuning, and / or the like of a balance between fragment penetration and fragment dispersal of a payload; increasing and / or enhancing damage to a target; maximizing fragment quantity; and / or the like.

[0034] Another example technical solution provided by the disclosure includes the use of relatively dense materials (e.g., tungsten, a material with a density of at least 17.2 grams per cubic centimeter, etc.) across the different fragment geometries and / or fragment materials of the disclosure, for example to provide the technical effect of increasing, enhancing, and / or optimizing kinetic energy on impact, damage, penetration, and / or the like. In some examples, aspects of the disclosure employ the technical solution of covering a portion of the payload with the relatively dense fragments disclosed herein, for example providing the technical effect of concealing an internal configuration of a pay load (e.g., during an inspection, etc.) due to the relatively low radiographic transparency of the relatively dense fragments.

[0035] Aspects of the disclosure provide the technical solution of payload adjustments (e.g., real-time, pre-operation, post-operation, etc.) based on target intelligence, environmental factors, and / or other situational variables. For example, aspects of the Page 6 of 35Docket No. 41796-US-PCTdisclosure adjust one or more parameters of the different types of fragments of the payload, such as. but not limited to, quantity, relative quantity of different types, shape, size, mass, weight, material composition, and / or the like. The payload adjustments disclosed herein provide the technical effects of adaption to different environments and / or situations, customization to meet specific operational objectives, a broadened operational scope, improved and / or enhanced operational flexibility’, increased and / or enhanced effectiveness against a wide variety of structures and / or environments, increased and / or enhanced effectiveness over a wide range of applications, and / or the like.

[0036] Referring to the figures, FIGs. 1-4 include various views that illustrate a payload system 100. The system 100 includes a payload 102 that includes a casing 104 and a plurality of fragments 106 and 108 held by the casing 104. As described below, the fragments 106 and 108 include different fragment geometries and / or different fragment materials as compared to each other, for example to leverage mass and / or aerodynamic drag characteristics of the different fragment geometries and / or fragment materials. In some examples, the fragments 106 have a curved shape and the fragments 108 have a polygonal shape. For example, the curved fragments 106 have less mass and / or a lower coefficient of drag as compared to the polygonal fragments 108, such that the curved fragments 106 are configured to travel outwardly at a faster rate as compared to the polygonal fragments 108.

[0037] In some examples, the pay load 102 is configured to be deployed from a mobile platform. An exemplary mobile platform 500 is shown in FIG. 5. The mobile platform 110 shown in FIG. 5 is an uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV), however, the mobile platform 110 is not limited to being a UAV, but rather may additionally or alternatively include any other type of mobile or stationary platform. Examples of mobile platforms include, but are not limited to. uncrewed vehicles, uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs), aircraft (e.g., rotorcraft, fixed wing aircraft, gliders, airplanes, lighter-than-air craft, balloons, high-altitude balloons, UAVs, etc.), ground vehicles (e.g., land vehicles, automobiles, trucks, cars, electric vehicles, etc.), uncrewed ground vehicles (UGVs), marine vehicles (e.g., boats, ships, etc.), surface vehicles, submersibles, uncrewed marine vehicles (UMVs), uncrewed surface and / or submersible vehicles (USVs), space-based platforms (e.g., cubesats. etc.), suborbital vehicles, vehicles that operate in orbit, platforms carried by an individual (e.g., a backpack and / or other cartying pack, etc.), animals (e.g., a flying animal such as a bird and / or insect, a land animal, a marine animal, etc.), missiles, rockets, uncrewed mobile platforms, autonomous mobile platforms, and / or the like. As used herein, the payload system 100 may be used onboard a mobile platform while the mobile platform is moving Page 7 of 35Docket No. 41796-US-PCTand / or while the mobile platform is stationary. As used herein, the payload 102 may be deployed from the mobile platform while the mobile platform is moving and / or while the mobile platform is stationary. In some examples, the payload 102 is deployed from onboard an uncrewed, autonomous mobile platform. In some examples, the payload 102 is deployed from a stationary platform. Examples of stationary platforms include, but are not limited to, stations, arrays, central controls, centralized control stations, towers, cellular towers, fixed positions, fixed structures, stationary vehicles, uncrewed stationary platforms, autonomous stationary platforms, buildings, emplacements, installations, ground-based installations, forts, prisons, government locations, government buildings, stadiums, parks, public spaces, infrastructure, dams, public venues, private venues, concert venues, sporting venues, and / or the like.

[0038] The payload system 100 may be configured to be deployed to a target. As used herein, a "target" is any destination of the payload 102. Examples of targets of the pay load 102 include targets that the payload 102 is intended to damage, destroy, eliminate, infiltrate, and / or the like. Examples of targets include, but are not limited to, emission sources of any type of signal (e.g., a radio frequency (RF) emitter; an RF transmitter; an emitter and / or transmitter of any other type of frequency signal such as, but not limited to, a visible frequency, an infrared frequency, an optical frequency, an x-ray frequency, a microwave frequency, and / or the like; a magnetic field; etc.), structures, mobile platforms, stationary platforms, buildings, vehicles, orbital vehicles, a destination, and / or the like. The payload systems disclosed herein are deployable to any object and / or environment of interest, such as, but not limited to, an atmosphere, an environment, a location, an area, a geographical area, a tree canopy, a rock formation, another type of natural formation, a fire, under water and / or under another liquid, a water and / or other liquid surface, underground, a building, a structure, a mobile or stationary platform, an animal, a group of animals, a plant, a group of plants, a cloud, and / or the like.

[0039] The fragments 106 and 108 of the pay load 102 may be held by the payload 102 at any location(s) on, along, and / or within the pay load 102. For example, the fragments 106 and / or 108 are held within an interior chamber of the payload 102, are held by the casing 104 such that at least some of the fragments 106 and / or 108 form at least a portion of an exterior of the payload 102 (e.g., a skin of the payload 102, etc.), and / or the like. In an example implementation shown in FIGs. 1-4, the fragments 106 and 108 are held by the casing 104 within an internal chamber of the casing 104 such that the fragments 106 and 108 surround a dispersal material (e.g., an explosive, etc.) of the payload 102. In FIGs. 1-4,Page 8 of 35Docket No. 41796-US-PCTa portion of a skin 112 of the payload 102 has been removed from some of the illustrations of the pay load 102 to illustrate the example implementation of how the fragments 106 and 108 are held by the casing 104.

[0040] Various parameters of the fragments 106 and 108 are selected to control a dispersal pattern of the fragments 106 and 108 (e.g., provide an expected, determined, predetermined, defined, predefined, specific, and / or particular dispersal pattern, etc.). In other words, the fragments 106 and 108 are selected and arranged in the payload 102 to tune the dispersal pattern of the payload 102 by tuning a configuration of the fragments 106 and 108. Examples of parameters selected to provide and / or tune the dispersal pattern of the fragments 106 and 108 include, but are not limited to, a geometry (e.g., size, shape, etc.), a material, a material composition, a pattern (e.g., spatial distribution within the payload 102, orientation, relative orientation, etc.), a quantity, a relative quantity (e.g., a ratio, etc.) between the fragments 106 and 108, a position, a location, a property, a density, a mass, a weight, a drag coefficient, and / or the like.

[0041] As described above, the geometries of the fragments 106 and 108 include curved and polygonal shapes, respectively, in an example implementation shown in FIGs.1-4. For example, in an example implementation the fragments 106 include a spherical shape, while an example implementation of the fragments 108 include a cube shape. However, the curved fragments 106 are not limited to spheres, but rather may additionally or alternatively include any other curved shape, such as, but not limited to, a ball, an ovoid, a cone, a frustoconical shape, and / or the like. The polygonal fragments 108 are not limited to cubes, but rather may additionally or alternatively include any other polygonal shape, such as, but not limited to, another polyhedron and / or the like. Examples of polyhedra of the polygonal fragments 108 include, but are not limited to, a convex polyhedron, a tetrahedron, a pyramid, a hexagon, a regular tetrahedron, a toroidal polyhedron, a dodecahedron, a stellated dodecahedron, an icosidodecahedron, a cubicuboctahedron, a rhombic tiacontahedron, a tetrahemihexahedron, and / or the like. In some examples, the use of pyramids for at least some of the fragments 108 enhances the penetration efficiency of the payload 102 (e.g., due to the pointed structures of the pyramids, etc.). Moreover, providing at least some of the fragments 108 with a hexagon shape may increase the area of interaction on impact, for example affecting the spread and / or concentration of kinetic energy in different ways as compared to other shapes.

[0042] The spherical shape of the fragments 106 provides the fragments 106 with less mass and a lower drag coefficient as compared to the mass and drag coefficient of the Page 9 of 35Docket No. 41796-US-PCTcube shape of the fragments 108. In other words, the cube shape of the fragments 108 provides the fragments 108 with a greater mass and a higher drag coefficient than the fragments 106. The pay load 102 thus includes the higher-mass and higher-drag fragments 108 arranged in the payload 102 with the lower-mass and lower-drag fragments 106. Although the difference between the mass of the fragments 106 and the mass of the fragments 108 may have any value, in some examples the fragments 108 have a mass that is between approximately 20% and approximately 50% higher as compared to the mass of the fragments 106.

[0043] The lower mass and drag coefficient of the fragments 106 configures the fragments 106 to travel outwardly (e.g., away from a center of the payload 102, etc.) at a faster rate as compared to the outward rate of movement of the fragments 108. Accordingly, the combination of the fragments 106 and 108 effectively creates a sequential (e.g., phased, etc.) dispersal pattern where the lighter and lower drag fragments 106 travel outwardly ahead of the heavier and higher drag fragments 108, for example to increase, enhance, and / or optimize dispersion, kinetic impact, and / or penetration. In other words, the fragments 106 are effectively deployed (e.g., released, etc.) before the fragments 108 and thus exhibit a wider initial spread as compared to the fragments 108. By ‘'wider initial spread”, it is meant that fragments exhibit a wider spread within a threshold amount of time upon release of the payload as compared to other fragments. In some examples, the fragments 108 are configured to impact a target subsequent to (i.e., after) the fragments 106 impact the target.

[0044] In some examples, the faster rate of travel of the fragments 106 enables the fragments 106 to first breach (e.g., establish an opening in, etc.) lighter and / or more superficial layers and / or materials. The lighter fragments 106 are followed by the heavier fragments 108, for example to provide a concentrated impact that maximizes penetration, damage, and / or the like. In other words, and for example, the wider initial spread of the lighter fragments 106 may provide an entry path for the heavier fragments 108 to enter an area through the breached layers and / or materials.

[0045] FIG. 6 is a graph 600 illustrating an example of performance of the fragments 106 and 108 from one exemplars’ deployment of the payload 102. FIG. 6 illustrates velocity profdes of the fragments 106 and 108 based on the various positions of the fragments 106 and 108 along the payload 102. For example, the lower portion of the graph 600 illustrates the locations along the payload 102 of alternating groups of the fragments 106 and 108. The velocity line 602 of the graph 600 plots the velocity profde of the various groups of fragments 106 and 108 against their locations. The peaks of the line Page 10 of 35Docket No. 41796-US-PCT602 correspond to the locations of the fragments 106, and the valleys of the line 602 correspond to the locations of the fragments 108. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 6, the peaks of the line 602 illustrate the higher velocities of the fragments 106 and the valleys of the line illustrate the lower velocities of the fragments 108. In some examples, the velocity line 602 was generated using tungsten fragments 106 and 108 having a size of approximately 4mm (e.g., a density of approximately 17.2 grams per cubic centimeter).

[0046] Referring again to FIGs. 1-4, in some examples, the effective sequential deployment of the fragments 106 and 108 is randomized. In some examples, the effective sequential deployment of the fragments 106 and 108 is reversed such that the fragments 108 travel outwardly at a faster rate and exhibit a wider initial spread as compared to the fragments 106 (e.g., for example based on a different operational objective, an operational change, a different outcome, etc.). For example, it may be desirable for the heavier fragments 108 to be effectively deployed before the lighter fragments 106, for example in scenarios calling for (e.g., immediate, heavy, etc.) penetration followed by a broader dispersive effect. In some examples, the heavier fragments 108 are configured to travel faster and exhibit a wider initial spread than the lighter fragments 106 by providing the heavier fragments 108 with a smaller drag coefficient than the lighter fragments 106.

[0047] As described above, the material composition of the fragments 106 and 108 is an example of a parameter that may be selected to provide a dispersal pattern. In an example implementation, both of the fragments 106 and 108 are tungsten fragments. However, the fragments 106 are not limited to tungsten, but rather may additionally or alternatively include any other material, such as, but not limited to, another metal and / or metal alloy, depleted uranium, a polymer, and / or the like. Similarly, the fragments 108 are not limited to tungsten, but rather may additionally or alternatively include any other material, such as, but not limited to, another metal and / or metal alloy, depleted uranium, a polymer, and / or the like. In some examples, at least some of the fragments 106 and / or at least some of the fragments 108 include a relatively high-density material, for example a material with a density of at least approximately 7.5 grams per cubic centimeter. Optionally, the material composition of at least some of the fragments 106 and / or at least some of the fragments 108 is selected to provide those fragments 106 and / or 108 with a density of at least approximately 16 grams per cubic centimeter, of at least approximately 17 grams per cubic centimeter, and / or of at least approximately 19 grams per cubic centimeter. Although the same in an example implementation of tungsten, in other examples one or more of the fragments 106 includes a different material composition as compared to the one or more of Page 11 of 35Docket No. 41796-US-PCTthe fragments 108. The fragments 106 and 108 may have any relative density mismatch and / or relative shape mismatch.

[0048] In some examples, the material composition of the fragments 106 and / or 108 is selected to control a value of mass of the fragments 106 and / or 108 (e.g., provide an expected, determined, predetermined, defined, predefined, specific, and / or particular mass value, etc.). The mass value provided by the material composition selection may be selected to facilitate configuring the fragments 106 to travel outwardly at a faster rate and exhibit a wider initial spread as compared to the fragments 108 (and / or vice versa), for example as described above with respect to selection of the geometrical configuration of the fragments 106 and 108. For example, the mass value provided by the material composition selection may be selected to facilitate creating the effective sequential dispersal pattern described above.

[0049] In some examples, the material composition of the fragments 106 and / or 108 is selected to control a value of density' of the fragments 106 and / or 108 (e.g., provide an expected, determined, predetermined, defined, predefined, specific, and / or particular density value, etc.). The density value provided by the material composition selection may be selected to increase and / or enhance kinetic energy (e g., on impact, etc.) of the fragments 106 and / or 108, for example to provide a concentrated impact that maximizes penetration, damage, and / or the like.

[0050] Optionally, the material composition of the fragments 106 and / or 108 is selected to provide the fragments 106 and / or 108 with a relatively low radiographic transparency and / or a reduced radiographic detectability'. For example, the fragments 106 and / or 108 can be arranged to at least partially cover internal components of the payload 102. The material composition can be selected to provide the fragments 106 and / or 108 with a relatively low radiographic transparency such that the fragments 106 and / or 108 conceal the internal components of the payload 102, for example during a radiographic and / or other inspection.

[0051] As described above, the pattem(s) of the fragments 106 and 108 is an example of a parameter that may be selected to provide a dispersal pattern. In an example implementation, the fragments 106 and 108 are arranged in alternating lateral bands that extend concentrically along the circumference of the payload 102. For example, the fragments 106 are arranged together in discrete groups, with each group forming a band that extends laterally around the central longitudinal axis of the pay load 102. The fragments 108 are also arranged together in discrete groups wherein each group forms a band that extends Page 12 of 35Docket No. 41796-US-PCTlaterally around the central longitudinal axis of the payload 102. As best seen in FIG. 2, the bands of the fragments 106 and 108 are interleaved in a manner such that the bands of the fragments 106 and 108 alternate along the length (e.g., the central longitudinal axis, etc.) of the pay load 102. In an example implementation, the alternating bands of the fragments 106 and 108 are arranged together in such a manner that the bands form the overall shape of a cylinder that surrounds at least a portion of the length of the pay load 102.

[0052] However, the fragments 106 and 108 are not limited to being arranged in alternating lateral bands. Rather, the fragments 106 may additionally or alternatively be arranged in any other pattern relative to themselves (e.g., within a group of the fragments 106, etc.) and / or relative to the fragments 108. Similarly, the fragments 108 may additionally or alternatively be arranged in any other pattern relative to themselves (e.g., within a group of the fragments 108, etc.) and / or relative to the fragments 106. Examples of patterns of the fragments 106 and 108 include, but are not limited to, bands, longitudinal bands, lateral bands, radial bands, layers, radial layers, clusters, clumps, globs, and / or the like.

[0053] In some examples, one or more of the patterns of the fragments 106 and 108 includes a mix of the fragments 106 and 108. Examples of mix patterns of the fragments 106 and 108 include, but are not limited to, a random mix of a relative quantity of each, a homogeneous mix of a relative quantity of each, and / or the like.

[0054] The patterns of the fragments 106 and 108 are not limited to the overall shape of a cylinder of an example implementation. Rather, the patterns of the fragments 106 and 108 may additionally or alternatively include any other overall shape(s) of the arrangement of the fragments 106 and 108. Examples of patterns of overall shapes in which the fragments 106 and 108 are arranged include, but are not limited to, a tube, a hollow shape, a channel, a solid mass, a clump, a glob, a ball, a cylinder, a conduit, and / or the like.

[0055] In some examples, a pattern of the fragments 106, a pattern of the fragments 108, and / or a relative pattern between the fragments 106 and 108 (e.g., a patterns of the arrangement of the fragments 106 and 108 together, etc.) is selected to facilitate configuring the fragments 106 to travel outwardly at a faster rate and exhibit a wider initial spread as compared to the fragments 108 (and / or vice versa), for example as described above with respect to selection of the geometrical configuration of the fragments 106 and 108. For example, a pattern may be selected to facilitate creating the effective sequential dispersal pattern described above.Page 13 of 35Docket No. 41796-US-PCT

[0056] Another example includes selecting a pattern to facilitate controlling a geometry of a dispersal cloud of the payload 102 (e.g., provide an expected, determined, predetermined, defined, predefined, specific, and / or particular geometry, etc.). For example, a pattern may be selected to control the size, exterior shape, interior shape, interior variations, and / or the like of the dispersal cloud of the payload 102. Other examples include, but are not limited to, selecting a pattern to control an energy pattern of at least some areas of the dispersal cloud, selecting a pattern to control a density of the fragments 106 and / or 108 within one or more areas of the dispersal cloud, selecting a pattern to control a pattern of the fragments 106 and / or 108 within one or more areas of the dispersal cloud, selecting a pattern to optimize the collective impact of the fragments 106 and / or 108, and / or the like.

[0057] In one example, the pattern of the fragments 106 and 108 is an interleaved arrangement, wherein the fragments 106 and 108 are interspersed throughout the payload 102 with alternating layers. This arrangement of the fragments 106 and 108 enables a blend of characteristics from each fragment shape, for example promoting both dispersion and penetration. The alternating layers of the fragments 106 and 108 may enhance the distribution pattern upon deployment, balancing the spread and / or force exerted on a target.

[0058] Another example includes concentric layering wherein fragments 108 are positioned in an inner layer of the pay load 102 and fragments 106 form an outermore layer that extends around the inner layer of fragments 108 (e.g., a layer that forms an outer shell, etc.). In some examples, this concentric layer structure utilizes the initial wide dispersal capability of the fragments 106 to clear an initial path for subsequent impact of the fragments 108. For example, the inner layer of fragments 108, possessing a higher mass, follows through for deeper penetration.

[0059] Segmented clusters is another example of a pattern of the fragments 106 and 108. In the segmented clusters example, arrays of fragments 106 and 108 are organized into discrete clusters throughout the payload 102. Each cluster may vary in size and / or composition, for example to provide a multi-faceted approach to interaction with a target. When released, the clusters may generate diverse impact zones, for example increasing the effectiveness against heterogeneous materials.

[0060] In a pattern example of an exemplary radial configuration, fragments 108 are arranged radially within the payload 102 with fragments 106 positioned at the periphery of the pay load 102. The radial configuration directs energy outwardly from the center of the payload 102, for example resulting in effective force projection ideal for targets requiring wide-ranging damage. In some examples, the radial configuration maximizes the initial Page 14 of 35Docket No. 41796-US-PCTspread, utilizing fragment 106 flight dynamics, while allowing for concentrated follow-up from fragments 108.

[0061] Stacked layers is another exemplary patern. In a stacked layers configuration, fragments 106 are stacked directly above fragments 108 in a series of layers. For example, upon deployment of the payload 102, the fragments 106 initiate target engagement with widespread dispersion, followed by a sequential strike of the fragments 108 focused on maximized penetration. Stacking layers may promote a high degree of fragment interaction, for example enhancing damage at various levels of target engagement.

[0062] A mixed mosaic patern is another example of a patern of the fragments 106 and 108 that may be selected. For example, the payload 102 may be constructed in a mosaic format, wherein fragments 106 and 108 are arranged in interlinking paterns. Such a mosaic format yields complex interaction paterns upon deployment, for example engaging target surfaces along multiple vectors. The mixed mosaic patern may be beneficial for overwhelming target defenses with unpredictable fragment dispersal paths.

[0063] A spiral formation is another example of a patern of the fragments 106 and 108. A spiral layout sees fragments 106 and 108 aligned along a helical trajectory within the payload 102. This spiral arrangement exploits rotational forces to exert relatively consistent outward pressure, for example enhancing impact uniformity7and / or directionality7during release. The spiral arrangement supports dynamic target engagement, for example leveraging gravitational and / or rotational momentum for optimized fragment dispersal.

[0064] In some examples, adjustments to the payload 102 (e.g., adjustments to the fragments 106 and / or 108, etc.) are performed based on various parameters, factors, and / or the like. For example, such payload adjustments may be made in real-time during an operation, before an operation, after an operation, and / or the like. Examples of the various parameters, factors, and / or the like that the payload adjustments may be based on (e.g., triggered by, to counter, etc.) include, but are not limited to, target intelligence (e.g., target composition, a target's material composition, target structure, a structural characteristic of a target, defensive atributes and / or features of a target, a parameter of a target, etc.), an operational demand, an operational objective, an environmental factor, a kinetic impact value, a penetration capability, another situational variable, an availability of energetic formulations, terminal characteristics, and / or the like. For example, the payload adjustments may be tailored to accommodate different target compositions, structures, and / or objectives.

[0065] For example, the payload adjustments disclosed herein include tuning a configuration of the fragments 106 and / or 108 by adjusting (e.g., changing, etc.) one or more Page 15 of 35Docket No. 41796-US-PCTparameters of the fragments 106 and / or 108, such as, but not limited to, a quantity, a relative quantity (e.g.. ratio, etc.) of the fragments 106 and 108, a shape, a size, a mass, a weight, a material composition, a pattern, a mix, a mixed configuration, an effective deployment sequence, and / or the like.

[0066] The pay load adjustments disclosed herein provide the technical effects of adaption to different environments and / or situations, customization to meet specific operational objectives, optimizing the effectiveness of the pay load 102 against specified targets, a broadened operational scope, improved and / or enhanced operational flexibility, increased and / or enhanced effectiveness against a wide variety of structures and / or environments, increased and / or enhanced effectiveness over a wide range of applications, and / or the like. For example, the payload adjustments disclosed herein address different target compositions and enhance the operational performance against a variety of target structures, for example providing a higher degree of operational flexibility as compared to known systems.

[0067] In one example, the density and / or toughness of the materials of a target influence the choice of geometry of the fragments 106 and / or 108. For example, for targets composed of relatively softer materials, a larger proportion of fragments 106 (relative to the fragments 108) that have a wider dispersion capability may be employed to breach surface layers and prepare for subsequent deeper penetration by fragments 108. Conversely, for dense and / or reinforced targets, an increased ratio of fragments 108 (relative to the fragments 106) may be employed to focus on concentrated penetration.

[0068] In another example, the geometric configuration of the fragments 106 and / or 108 is based on the target's structural complexity. For example, against targets with multiple defensive layers, a mix of larger fragments 108 and smaller fragments 106 may be selected to penetrate outer defenses while allowing the fragments 106 to interfere with internal target structures through a broad dispersion effect.

[0069] Another example includes tailoring payload adjustments to targets with specific defensive mechanisms, such as anti-ballistic coatings and / or layered armor. For example, a target’s particular defensive attributes triggers adaptation to the geometry of the fragments 106 and / or 108 to counteract the particular defensive attributes of the target. The fragments 108, with their higher mass and increased penetration capability, can be prioritized, for example, if the defense system is focused on dispersing energy across a wider area. Conversely, a balance between fragments 106 and 108 may be chosen to maximize kinetic energy impact while maintaining surface area coverage.Page 16 of 35Docket No. 41796-US-PCT

[0070] In some examples, an objective dictates the geometry configuration of the fragments 106 and / or 108. For example, for operations aimed at maximum surface disruption, a predominance of fragments 106 are advantageous, while for missions requiring precise penetration to achieve deeper damage, a configuration skewed towards the fragments 108 are selected.

[0071] External factors such as atmospheric conditions, terrain, geography, and / or other environmental considerations may influence the geometry of the fragments 106 and / or 108 in some examples. For example, an environment with relatively strong wind conditions may favor robust fragments 108 to maintain trajectory', while varied terrains might require a heterogeneous mix of fragments 106 and 108 to adapt to target movement and / or positioning.

[0072] In some implementations of the payload system 100, the system 100 incorporates other functional pay loads within the pay load 102, such as, but not limited to, electronic countermeasures, chemical dispersal systems, and / or the like, for example to extend utility of the payload 102. For example, integrating such other pay loads may enable multi-modal missions where fragmentation is combined with additional operational capabilities.

[0073] In some examples, the payload 102 is designed with a modular and / or scalable structure, for example enabling scalable adjustment of fragment quantities, sizes, shapes, and / or the like. Modularity may facilitate relatively rapid adaptation to varying operation requirements, for example enhancing logistical and / or operational flexibility7by accommodating different payload sizes and / or shapes.

[0074] Some implementations of the payload system 100 strategically layer fragments of varying densities and / or shapes within the payload 102. Such a strategically layered configuration may create a sequential impact with initial, intermediate, and final stage effects, for example further optimizing target engagement through layered impact strategies.

[0075] In some exemplary implementations, environment-specific adjustments are implemented in the pay load system 100. For example, the composition of the payload 102 could be modified to suit particular environmental conditions. In marine environments, for example, fragments 106 and / or 108 may be coated with corrosion-resistant materials, while in arid conditions, dust-resistant coatings may be used.

[0076] FIGs. 7-9 illustrate an example of an assembly of a payload of the disclosure (e.g., the payload 102, etc.). For example, FIG. 7 illustrates an exemplary jig and Page 17 of 35Docket No. 41796-US-PCTtape application process applied to the fragments 106 and 108. FIG. 8 illustrates the fragments 106 and 108 arranged in alternating bands and arranged in an end cap 812. The ratio of fragments 108 to fragments 106 in the alternating bands is 826 fragments 108 to 1003 fragments 106, with the total fragments 106 and 108 within the alternating bands being approximately 79% of the total number of fragments 106 and 108 in the pay load. The ratio offragments 108 to fragments 106 in the end cap 812 is 313 fragments 108 to 163 fragments 106, with the total fragments 106 and 108 within the end cap 812 being approximately 21% of the total number of fragments 106 and 108 in the payload. In some examples, the end cap 812 is a double wall 3D printed design wherein an empty void of the end cap 812 is fdled with pre-formed fragments (e.g.. spherical dense fragments as shown) and injected with silicone to mitigate loose fragment movement; enabling controlled and accelerated end cap assembly. FIG. 9 illustrates an example of a fragment application and epoxy / filler coat process.

[0077] In some examples, an epoxy used with the fragments 106 and / or 108 is impregnated with one or more types of materials and / or fillers, for example to add one or more other effects to the fragments 106 and / or 108. For example, an epoxy may be impregnated with aluminum powder, steel powder, tungsten powder, silica, and / or the like. In an example, the silica impregnated epoxy is used to both hold the fragments 106 and / or 108 and to provide, for example, improved process handing, a reaction from the material and / or filler impregnated into the epoxy that provides an additional effect (e.g.. to the fragments 106 and / or 108 themselves), and / or the like. In a non-limiting example of an additional effect, the material and / or filler impregnated into the epoxy may provide a near field impulse effect on a target (e.g., improved pushing effects on a surface, improved material blasting, etc.).

[0078] FIGs. 10-12 illustrate an example of a theoretical performance of the fragments 106 and 108. For example, as shown by the data points above the dashed line in the graphs of FIGs. 10-12, a majority of the engagements of the fragments 106 and 108 perforate approximately 0.125 inches of steel at an average of approximately 3069 feet per second of fragment engagement.

[0079] FIG. 13 is a flowchart of a method 1300 that includes arranging, at 1302, curved fragments and polygonal fragments in apayload. At 1304, the method 1300 includes deploying the payload such that the curved fragments travel outwardly away from a center of the pay load at a faster rate as compared to the polygonal fragments.Page 18 of 35Docket No. 41796-US-PCT

[0080] In some examples, deploying at 1304 the payload includes deploying, at 1304a, the payload such that the curved fragments exhibit a wider spread within a threshold amount of time upon release of the pay load as compared to the polygonal fragments.

[0081] Optionally, deploying at 1304 the payload includes deploying, at 1304b, the payload such that the polygonal fragments impact a target subsequent to the curved fragments impacting the target.

[0082] FIG. 14 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a method 1400 of operations, functions, and / or the like of the payload system 100 (FIG. 1). At 1402, the method 1400 includes arranging curved fragments in a pay load. At 1404, the method 1400 includes arranging polygonal fragments in the payload, wherein the polygonal fragments have at least one of a greater mass or a higher coefficient of drag as compared to the curved fragments. The method 1400 includes deploying, at 1406, the payload such that the curved fragments travel outwardly away from a center of the payload at a faster rate as compared to the polygonal fragments.Examples

[0083] Aspects of the disclosure include a method that includes: arranging curved fragments and polygonal fragments in a payload; and deploying the payload such that the curved fragments travel outwardly away from the center of the payload at a faster rate as compared to the polygonal fragments.

[0084] In some examples, the curved fragments include at least one of spheres, balls, or ovoids.

[0085] In some examples, the polygonal fragments include at least one of polyhedrons or cubes.

[0086] In some examples, the curved fragments have a lower mass as compared to the polygonal fragments such that arranging the curved and polygonal fragments in the payload comprises arranging higher-mass polygonal fragments with lower-mass curved fragments.

[0087] In some examples, the polygonal fragments are between approximately 20% and approximately 50% heavier as compared to the curved fragments.

[0088] In some examples, the polygonal fragments have a higher coefficient of drag as compared to the curved fragments such that arranging the curved and polygonal fragments in the payload includes arranging lower-drag curved fragments with higher-drag polygonal fragments.Page 19 of 35Docket No. 41796-US-PCT

[0089] In some examples, at least one of the curved fragments or the polygonal fragments includes tungsten.

[0090] In some examples, at least one of the curved fragments or the polygonal fragments includes a density of at least 7.5 grams per cubic centimeter.

[0091] In some examples, at least one of the curved fragments or the polygonal fragments includes a density of at least 17 grams per cubic centimeter.

[0092] In some examples, arranging the curved and polygonal fragments in the payload includes tuning a configuration of the curved and polygonal fragments by changing a parameter of at least one of the curved fragments or the polygonal fragments.

[0093] In some examples, arranging the curved and polygonal fragments in the payload includes tuning a configuration of the curved and polygonal fragments by changing a parameter of at least one of the curved fragments or the polygonal fragments, wherein the parameter includes at least one of a quantity, a position, a location, a pattern, a size, a shape, a material, a property, a density, a mass, a weight, or a drag coefficient of the at least one of the curved fragments or the polygonal fragments.

[0094] In some examples, arranging the curved and polygonal fragments in the payload includes arranging at least some of the curved fragments in a different pattern as compared to at least some of the polygonal fragments.

[0095] In some examples, arranging the curved and polygonal fragments in the pay load includes arranging at least some of the curved fragments in a pattern comprising at least one of a band, a longitudinal band, a lateral band, a radial band, a layer, or a cluster.

[0096] In some examples, arranging the curved and polygonal fragments in the payload includes arranging at least some of the polygonal fragments in a pattern comprising at least one of a band, a longitudinal band, a lateral band, a radial band, a layer, or a cluster.

[0097] In some examples, arranging the curved and polygonal fragments in the payload includes arranging the curved fragments and the polygonal fragments in a pattern including at least one of a random mix of a relative quantity7of each or a homogeneous mix of a relative quantity of each.

[0098] In some examples, arranging the curved and polygonal fragments in the payload includes arranging at least one of the curved fragments or the polygonal fragments into a pattern including at least one of a tube, a hollow shape, a channel, a solid mass, a clump, a ball, a cylinder, or a conduit.

[0099] In some examples, arranging the curved and polygonal fragments in the payload includes tuning a configuration of the curved and polygonal fragments based on at Page 20 of 35Docket No. 41796-US-PCTleast one of a parameter of a target, an operational objective, a kinetic impact value, or a penetration capability.

[0100] In some examples, arranging the curved and polygonal fragments in the payload includes providing a determined quantity of the curved fragments relative to a determined quantity of the polygonal fragments.

[0101] In some examples, arranging the curved and polygonal fragments in the payload includes providing a different quantity of the curved fragments relative to the polygonal fragments.

[0102] In some examples, arranging the curved and polygonal fragments in the payload includes providing at least some of the curved fragments with a different size as compared to at least some of the polygonal fragments.

[0103] In some examples, arranging the curved and polygonal fragments in the payload includes providing at least some of the curved fragments with a different material composition as compared to at least some of the polygonal fragments.

[0104] In some examples, deploying the payload includes deploying the payload such that the curved fragments exhibit a wider spread within a threshold amount of time upon release of the payload as compared to the polygonal fragments.

[0105] In some examples, deploying the payload includes deploying the payload such that the polygonal fragments impact a target subsequent to the curved fragments impacting the target.

[0106] Aspects of the disclosure include a payload system that includes a payload including a casing; and curved fragments and polygonal fragments held by the casing, wherein the curved fragments are configured to travel outwardly away from a center of the pay load at a faster rate as compared to the polygonal fragments.

[0107] In some examples, the polygonal fragments have at least one of a greater mass or a higher coefficient of drag as compared to the curved fragments.

[0108] In some examples, the curved fragments and the polygonal fragments are held by the casing such that at least one of the curved fragments or the polygonal fragments are held within an interior chamber of the payload.

[0109] In some examples, the curved fragments and the polygonal fragments are held by the casing such that at least one of the curved fragments or the polygonal fragments forms at least a portion of an exterior of the pay load.Page 21 of 35Docket No. 41796-US-PCT

[0110] In some examples, the curved fragments and the polygonal fragments are held by the casing such that at least one of the curved fragments or the polygonal fragments forms at least a portion of a skin of the pay load.

[0111] In some examples, the curved fragments include at least one of spheres, balls, or ovoids.

[0112] In some examples, the polygonal fragments include at least one of polyhedrons or cubes.

[0113] In some examples, the polygonal fragments are between approximately 20% and approximately 50% heavier as compared to the curved fragments.

[0114] In some examples, at least one of the curved fragments or the polygonal fragments includes tungsten.

[0115] In some examples, at least one of the curved fragments or the polygonal fragments includes a density of at least 10 grams per cubic centimeter.

[0116] In some examples, at least one of the curved fragments or the polygonal fragments includes a density of at least 16 grams per cubic centimeter.

[0117] In some examples, at least some of the curved fragments are arranged in a different pattern as compared to at least some of the polygonal fragments.

[0118] In some examples, at least some of the curved fragments are arranged in a pattern comprising at least one of a band, a longitudinal band, a lateral band, a radial band, a layer, or a cluster.[001 19] In some examples, at least some of the polygonal fragments are arranged in a pattern comprising at least one of a band, a longitudinal band, a lateral band, a radial band, a layer, or a cluster.

[0120] In some examples, the curved fragments and the polygonal fragments are arranged in a pattern comprising at least one of a random mix of a relative quantity of each or a homogeneous mix of a relative quantity of each.

[0121] In some examples, at least one of the curved fragments or the polygonal fragments are arranged into a pattern comprising at least one of a tube, a hollow shape, a channel, a solid mass, a clump, a ball, a cylinder, or a conduit.

[0122] In some examples, the payload includes a different quantity' of the curved fragments relative to the polygonal fragments.

[0123] In some examples, at least some of the curved fragments have a different size as compared to at least some of the polygonal fragments.Page 22 of 35Docket No. 41796-US-PCT

[0124] In some examples, at least some of the curved fragments have a different material composition as compared to at least some of the polygonal fragments.

[0125] In some examples, the curved fragments are configured to exhibit a wider spread within a threshold amount of time upon release of the payload as compared to the polygonal fragments.

[0126] In some examples, the polygonal fragments are configured to impact a target subsequent to the curved fragments impacting the target.

[0127] Aspects of the disclosure include a payload system that includes a plurality of geometrically distinct fragments, including spheres and cubes, each constructed from a dense material; the spheres and cubes configured within the payload system to facilitate controlled fragmentation upon deployment; a deployment mechanism configured to release the spheres and cubes in a sequential manner, wherein the spheres are deployed initially, followed by the cubes; the spheres designed to exhibit a wider spread upon release, characterized by a lower mass relative to the cubes; the cubes designed to achieve concentrated impact subsequent to the spread of spheres, having a greater mass to enhance penetration capabilities; an adaptability feature allowing for the adjustment of the relative quantities and configurations of the spheres and cubes, based on data regarding target composition or objectives; wherein the deployment sequence and geometric configuration of the fragments are selected to optimize kinetic impact, target damage, and penetration capabilities.

[0128] Aspects of the disclosure include a method for deploying a payload system, the method including: arranging a plurality of geometrically distinct fragments, including spheres and cubes, within the payload, each fragment being comprised of a dense material; actuating a deployment mechanism to release the fragments in a sequential manner, wherein the spheres are deployed initially, followed by the cubes; configuring the spheres to exhibit a wider spread upon release, wherein the spheres are characterized by a lower mass relative to the cubes; designing the cubes to achieve a concentrated impact subsequent to the spread of spheres, wherein the cubes possess a greater mass to enhance penetration capabilities; adjusting the relative quantities and configurations of the spheres and cubes based on data concerning target composition or operational objectives; wherein the deployment sequence and geometric configuration of the fragments are selected to optimize kinetic impact, target damage, and penetration capabilities.

[0129] Aspects of the disclosure include a payload system that includes a payload including a casing, curved fragments held by the casing, and polygonal fragments Page 23 of 35Docket No. 41796-US-PCTheld by the casing. The polygonal fragments have at least one of a greater mass or a higher coefficient of drag as compared to the curved fragments such that the curved fragments are configured to travel outwardly away from a center of the payload at a faster rate as compared to the polygonal fragments.

[0130] In some examples, the curved fragments and the polygonal fragments are held by the casing such that at least one of the curved fragments or the polygonal fragments are held within an interior chamber of the payload.

[0131] In some examples, the curved fragments and the polygonal fragments are held by the casing such that at least one of the curved fragments or the polygonal fragments forms at least a portion of at least one of a skin or an exterior of the payload.

[0132] In some examples, the curved fragments include at least one of spheres, balls, or ovoids, and wherein the polygonal fragments include at least one of polyhedrons or cubes.

[0133] In some examples, the polygonal fragments are between approximately 20% and approximately 50% heavier as compared to the curved fragments.

[0134] In some examples, at least one of the curved fragments or the polygonal fragments include at least one of: tungsten; a density of at least 7.5 grams per cubic centimeter; or a density' of at least 17 grams per cubic centimeter.

[0135] In some examples, at least some of the curved fragments are arranged in a different pattern as compared to at least some of the polygonal fragments.

[0136] In some examples, at least one of at least some of the curved fragments or at least some of the polygonal fragments are arranged in a pattern including at least one of a band, a longitudinal band, a lateral band, a radial band, a layer, a cluster, a tube, a hollow shape, a channel, a solid mass, a clump, a ball, a cylinder, or a conduit.

[0137] In some examples, the curved fragments and the polygonal fragments are arranged in a pattern including at least one of a random mix of a relative quantity of each or a homogeneous mix of a relative quantity7of each.

[0138] In some examples, the payload includes a different quantity7of the curved fragments relative to the polygonal fragments.

[0139] In some examples, at least some of the curved fragments have at least one of a different material composition or a different size as compared to at least some of the polygonal fragments.

[0140] In some examples, the curved fragments are configured to at least one of: exhibit a wider spread within a threshold amount of time upon release of the payload as Page 24 of 35Docket No. 41796-US-PCTcompared to the polygonal fragments; or impact a target prior to the polygonal fragments impacting the target.

[0141] Aspects of the disclosure include a method that includes arranging curved fragments in a payload, arranging polygonal fragments in the payload, wherein the polygonal fragments have at least one of a greater mass or a higher coefficient of drag as compared to the curved fragments, and deploying the payload such that the curved fragments travel outwardly away from a center of the payload at a faster rate as compared to the polygonal fragments.

[0142] In some examples, at least one of arranging the curved fragments in the payload or arranging the polygonal fragments in the payload includes tuning a configuration of the curved and polygonal fragments by changing a parameter of at least one of the curved fragments or the polygonal fragments, wherein the parameter includes at least one of a quantity, a position, a location, a pattern, a size, a shape, a material, a property, a density, a mass, a weight, or a drag coefficient of the at least one of the curved fragments or the polygonal fragments.

[0143] In some examples, arranging the curved fragments in the payload and arranging the polygonal fragments in the payload includes arranging at least some of the curved fragments in a different pattern as compared to at least some of the polygonal fragments.

[0144] In some examples, arranging the curved fragments in the payload and arranging the polygonal fragments in the payload includes at least one of: arranging the curved fragments and the polygonal fragments in a pattern comprising at least one of a random mix of a relative quantity of each or a homogeneous mix of a relative quantity of each; providing a different quantity of the curved fragments relative to the polygonal fragments; providing at least some of the curved fragments with a different size as compared to at least some of the polygonal fragments; or providing at least some of the curved fragments with a different material composition as compared to at least some of the polygonal fragments.

[0145] In some examples, at least one of arranging the curved fragments in the payload or arranging the polygonal fragments in the payload includes at least one of: arranging at least one of at least some of the curved fragments or at least some of the polygonal fragments in a pattern comprising at least one of a band, a longitudinal band, a lateral band, a radial band, a layer, a cluster, a tube, a hollow shape, a channel, a solid mass, a clump, a ball, a cylinder, or a conduit; or tuning a configuration of the curved and Page 25 of 35Docket No. 41796-US-PCTpolygonal fragments based on at least one of a parameter of a target, an operational objective, a kinetic impact value, or a penetration capability.

[0146] In some examples, at least one of arranging the curved fragments in the payload or arranging the polygonal fragments in the payload includes forming at least one of at least some of the curved fragments or at least some of the polygonal fragments as at least a portion of at least one of a skin or an exterior of the payload.

[0147] In some examples, deploying the payload includes deploying the payload such that at least one of: the curved fragments exhibit a wider spread within a threshold amount of time upon release of the payload as compared to the polygonal fragments; or the polygonal fragments impact a target subsequent to the curved fragments impacting the target.

[0148] Aspects of the disclosure include a payload that includes: a casing; curved fragments held by the casing; polygonal fragments held by the casing, wherein the polygonal fragments have at least one of a greater mass or a higher coefficient of drag as compared to the curved fragments such that the curved fragments are configured to travel outwardly away from a center of the pay load at a faster rate as compared to the polygonal fragments; wherein the curved fragments and the polygonal fragments are held by the casing such that at least one of the curved fragments or the polygonal fragments forms at least a portion of at least one of a skin or an exterior of the payload; and wherein the curved fragments are configured to at least one of: exhibit a wider spread within a threshold amount of time upon release of the payload as compared to the polygonal fragments; or impact a target prior to the polygonal fragments impacting the target.

[0149] As used herein, a structure, limitation, or element that is “configured to" perform a task or operation is particularly structurally formed, constructed, or adapted in a manner corresponding to the task or operation. For purposes of clarity and the avoidance of doubt, an object that is merely capable of being modified to perform the task or operation is not “configured to’' perform the task or operation as used herein.

[0150] Any range or device value given herein may be extended or altered without losing the effect sought, as will be apparent to the skilled person.

[0151] Although the subject matter has been described in language specific to structural features and / or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the subject matter defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.Page 26 of 35Docket No. 41796-US-PCT

[0152] It will be understood that the benefits and advantages described above may relate to one implementation or may relate to several implementations. The implementations are not limited to those that solve any or all of the stated problems or those that have any or all of the stated benefits and advantages. It will further be understood that reference to ‘an’ item refers to one or more of those items.

[0153] In some examples, the operations illustrated in the figures are implemented as software instructions encoded on a computer readable medium, in hardware programmed or designed to perform the operations, or both. For example, aspects of the disclosure are implemented as a system on a chip or other circuitry including a plurality' of interconnected, electrically conductive elements. Any of the functions, operations, and / or the like of the systems, methods, and the like disclosed herein are, in some examples, performed automatically by one or more processors, modules, Al engines, models, and / or the like.

[0154] The order of execution or performance of the operations in examples of the disclosure illustrated and described herein is not essential, unless otherwise specified. That is, the operations may be performed in any order, unless otherwise specified, and examples of the disclosure may include additional or fewer operations than those disclosed herein. For example, it is contemplated that executing or performing a particular operation before, contemporaneously with, or after another operation (e.g., different steps) is within the scope of aspects of the disclosure.

[0155] The term “comprising” is used in this specification to mean including the feature(s) or act(s) followed thereafter, without excluding the presence of one or more additional features or acts. The terms "comprising," "including," and "having" are intended to be inclusive and mean that there can be additional elements other than the listed elements. In other words, the use of "including," "comprising," "having," "containing," "involving," and variations thereof, is meant to encompass the items listed thereafter and additional items. Accordingly, and for example, unless explicitly stated to the contrary, implementations "comprising" or "having" an element or a plurality of elements having a particular property can include additional elements not having that property. Further, references to “one implementation” or “an implementation” are not intended to be interpreted as excluding the existence of additional implementations that also incorporate the recited features. The term “exemplary” is intended to mean “an example of.

[0156] When introducing elements of aspects of the application or the examples thereof, the articles "a," "an," "the," and "said" are intended to mean that there are Page 27 of 35Docket No. 41796-US-PCTone or more of the elements. In other words, the indefinite articles "a", “an”, “the”, and “said” as used in the specification and in the claims, unless clearly indicated to the contrary, should be understood to mean "at least one." Accordingly, and for example, as used herein, an element or step recited in the singular and preceded by the word "a" or "an" should be understood as not necessarily excluding the plural of the elements or steps.

[0157] The phrase “one or more of the following: A, B. and C” means “at least one of A and / or at least one of B and / or at least one of C." The phrase "and / or", as used in the specification and in the claims, should be understood to mean "either or both" of the elements so conjoined, i.e., elements that are conjunctively present in some cases and disjunctively present in other cases. Multiple elements listed with "and / or" should be construed in the same fashion, i.e., "one or more" of the elements so conjoined. Other elements may optionally be present other than the elements specifically identified by the "and / or" clause, whether related or unrelated to those elements specifically identified. Thus, as a non-limiting example, a reference to "A and / or B", when used in conjunction with open-ended language such as "comprising" can refer, in one implementation, to A only (optionally including elements other than B); in another implementation, to B only (optionally including elements other than A); in yet another implementation, to both A and B (optionally including other elements); etc.

[0158] As used in the specification and in the claims, "or" should be understood to have the same meaning as "and / or" as defined above. For example, when separating items in a list, "or" or "and / or" shall be interpreted as being inclusive, i.e., the inclusion of at least one, but also including more than one, of a number or list of elements, and, optionally, additional unlisted items. Only terms clearly indicated to the contrary, such as "only one of or "exactly one of," or. when used in the claims, "consisting of." will refer to the inclusion of exactly one element of a number or list of elements. In general, the term "or" as used shall only be interpreted as indicating exclusive alternatives (i.e., "one or the other but not both") when preceded by terms of exclusivity, such as "either," "one of "only one of or "exactly one of." "Consisting essentially of," when used in the claims, shall have its ordinary meaning as used in the field of patent law.

[0159] As used in the specification and in the claims, the phrase "at least one," in reference to a list of one or more elements, should be understood to mean at least one element selected from any one or more of the elements in the list of elements, but not necessarily including at least one of each and every element specifically listed within the list of elements and not excluding any combinations of elements in the list of elements. This Page 28 of 35Docket No. 41796-US-PCTdefinition also allows that elements may optionally be present other than the elements specifically identified within the list of elements to which the phrase "at least one" refers, whether related or unrelated to those elements specifically identified. Thus, as a non-limiting example, "at least one of A and B" (or, equivalently, "at least one of A or B," or, equivalently "at least one of A and / or B") can refer, in one implementation, to at least one, optionally including more than one, A. with no B present (and optionally including elements other than B); in another implementation, to at least one, optionally including more than one, B, with no A present (and optionally including elements other than A); in yet another implementation, to at least one, optionally including more than one, A, and at least one, optionally including more than one, B (and optionally including other elements); etc.

[0160] Use of ordinal terms such as "first," "second," "third." etc., in the claims to modify a claim element does not by itself connote any priority, precedence, or order of one claim element over another or the temporal order in which acts of a method are performed. Ordinal terms are used merely as labels to distinguish one claim element having a certain name from another element having a same name (but for use of the ordinal term), to distinguish the claim elements.

[0161] Having described aspects of the disclosure in detail, it will be apparent that modifications and variations are possible without departing from the scope of aspects of the disclosure as defined in the appended claims. As various changes could be made in the above constructions, products, and methods without departing from the scope of aspects of the disclosure, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description and show n in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

[0162] It is to be understood that the above description is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive. For example, the above-described implementations (and / or aspects thereof) can be used in combination with each other. In addition, many modifications can be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the various implementations of the application without departing from their scope. While the dimensions and types of materials described herein are intended to define the parameters of the various implementations of the application, the implementations are by no means limiting and are example implementations. Many other implementations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reviewing the above description. The scope of the various implementations of the application should, therefore, be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are Page 29 of 35Docket No. 41796-US-PCTentitled. In the appended claims, the terms "including" and "in which" are used as the plain-English equivalents of the respective terms "comprising" and "wherein." Moreover, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc. are used merely as labels, and are not intended to impose numerical requirements on their objects. Further, the limitations of the following claims are not written in means-plus-function format and are not intended to be interpreted based on 35 U.S.C. § 112(f), unless and until such claim limitations expressly use the phrase ‘"means for” followed by a statement of function void of further structure.

[0163] This written description uses examples to disclose the various implementations of the application, including the best mode, and also to enable any person of ordinary skill in the art to practice the various implementations of the application, including making and using any devices or systems and performing any incorporated methods. The patentable scope of the various implementations of the application is defined by the claims, and can include other examples that occur to those persons of ordinary skill in the art. Such other examples are intended to be within the scope of the claims if the examples have structural elements that do not differ from the literal language of the claims, or if the examples include equivalent structural elements with insubstantial differences from the literal language of the claims.Page 30 of 35Docket No. 41796-US-PCT

Claims

CLAIMSWHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

1. A payload system (100) comprising:a payload (102) comprising a casing (104);curved fragments (106) held by the casing (104); andpolygonal fragments (108) held by the casing (104), wherein the polygonal fragments (108) have at least one of a greater mass or a higher coefficient of drag as compared to the curved fragments (106) such that the curved fragments (106) are configured to travel outwardly away from a center of the payload (102) at a faster rate as compared to the polygonal fragments (108).

2. The payload system of any preceding claim, wherein the curved fragments and the polygonal fragments are held by the casing such that at least one of the curved fragments or the polygonal fragments are held within an interior chamber of the payload.

3. The payload system of any preceding claim, wherein the curved fragments and the polygonal fragments are held by the casing such that at least one of the curved fragments or the polygonal fragments forms at least a portion of at least one of a skin or an exterior of the pay load.

4. The payload system of any preceding claim, wherein the curved fragments comprise at least one of spheres, balls, or ovoids, and wherein the polygonal fragments comprise at least one of polyhedrons or cubes.

5. The payload system of any preceding claim, wherein at least one of the cur ed fragments or the polygonal fragments comprise at least one of:tungsten;a density of at least 7.5 grams per cubic centimeter; ora density of at least 17 grams per cubic centimeter.Page 31 of 35Docket No. 41796-US-PCT6. The payload system of any preceding claim, wherein at least one of at least some of the curved fragments or at least some of the polygonal fragments are arranged in a pattern comprising at least one of a band, a longitudinal band, a lateral band, a radial band, a layer, a cluster, a tube, a hollow shape, a channel, a solid mass, a clump, a ball, a cylinder, or a conduit.

7. The payload system of any preceding claim, wherein the curved fragments and the polygonal fragments are arranged in a pattern comprising at least one of a random mix of a relative quantity of each or a homogeneous mix of a relative quantity of each.

8. The pay load system of any preceding claim, wherein at least some of the curved fragments have at least one of a different material composition or a different size as compared to at least some of the polygonal fragments.

9. A method (1400) comprising:arranging (1402) curved fragments in a payload;arranging (1404) polygonal fragments in the pay load, wherein the polygonal fragments have at least one of a greater mass or a higher coefficient of drag as compared to the curved fragments; anddeploying (1406) the payload such that the curved fragments travel outwardly away from a center of the payload at a faster rate as compared to the polygonal fragments.

10. The method of any preceding claim, wherein at least one of arranging the curved fragments in the payload or arranging the polygonal fragments in the payload comprises tuning a configuration of the curved and polygonal fragments by changing a parameter of at least one of the curved fragments or the polygonal fragments, wherein the parameter comprises at least one of a quantity, a position, a location, a pattern, a size, a shape, a material, a property, a density, a mass, a weight, or a drag coefficient of the at least one of the curved fragments or the polygonal fragments.

11. The method of any preceding claim, wherein arranging the curved fragments in the payload and arranging the polygonal fragments in the payload comprises arranging at least some of the curved fragments in a different pattern as compared to at least some of the polygonal fragments.Page 32 of 35Docket No. 41796-US-PCT12. The method of any preceding claim, wherein arranging the curved fragments in the payload and arranging the polygonal fragments in the payload comprises at least one of:arranging the curved fragments and the polygonal fragments in a pattern comprising at least one of a random mix of a relative quantity of each or a homogeneous mix of a relative quantity of each;providing a different quantity of the curved fragments relative to the polygonal fragments;providing at least some of the curved fragments with a different size as compared to at least some of the polygonal fragments; orproviding at least some of the curved fragments with a different material composition as compared to at least some of the poly gonal fragments.

13. The method of any preceding claim, wherein at least one of arranging the curved fragments in the payload or arranging the polygonal fragments in the payload comprises at least one of:arranging at least one of at least some of the curved fragments or at least some of the polygonal fragments in a pattern comprising at least one of a band, a longitudinal band, a lateral band, a radial band, a layer, a cluster, a tube, a hollow shape, a channel, a solid mass, a clump, a ball, a cylinder, or a conduit; ortuning a configuration of the curved and polygonal fragments based on at least one of a parameter of a target, an operational objective, a kinetic impact value, or a penetration capability.

14. The method of any preceding claim, wherein deploying the payload comprises deploying the payload such that at least one of:the curved fragments exhibit a wider spread within a threshold amount of time upon release of the payload as compared to the polygonal fragments; orthe polygonal fragments impact a target subsequent to the curved fragments impacting the target.Page 33 of 35Docket No. 41796-US-PCT15. A pay load (102) comprising:a casing (104);curved fragments (106) held by the casing (104);polygonal fragments (108) held by the casing (104), wherein the polygonal fragments (108) have at least one of a greater mass or a higher coefficient of drag as compared to the curved fragments (106) such that the curved fragments (106) are configured to travel outwardly away from a center of the payload (102) at a faster rate as compared to the polygonal fragments (108);wherein the curved fragments (106) and the polygonal fragments (108) are held by the casing (104) such that at least one of the curved fragments (106) or the polygonal fragments (108) forms at least a portion of at least one of a skin (112) or an exterior of the payload; andwherein the curved fragments (106) are configured to at least one of:exhibit a wider spread within a threshold amount of time upon release of the payload (102) as compared to the polygonal fragments (108); orimpact a target prior to the polygonal fragments (108) impacting the target.Page 34 of 35Docket No. 41796-US-PCT

Images