Method for treating carbon dioxide
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- LINDE AG
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-06
Smart Images
Figure EP2025087930_06082026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
[0001] December 9, 2025 - Werner Fischer
[0002] 1
[0003] Description
[0004] Procedure and arrangement for the treatment of carbon dioxide
[0005] Area
[0006] The present disclosure relates to a method for treating carbon dioxide and a corresponding arrangement.
[0007] background
[0008] Global warming and climate change are intensifying worldwide efforts to reduce the concentration of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide capture from flue and process gases is becoming increasingly important. Such flue and process gases are generated by a wide variety of processes in diverse industries, including energy, chemicals, and steel. Carbon dioxide capture is a key technology for achieving current targets for reducing carbon dioxide emissions.
[0009] Captured carbon dioxide can be used for various purposes, as explained below. Therefore, there is a need for economical, flexible, and effective methods for supplying carbon dioxide that is produced in different purity levels and states of matter.
[0010] Overview
[0011] Against this background, a method for treating carbon dioxide and a corresponding arrangement with the features of the independent claims are proposed. Embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims and the following description.
[0012] The proposed process is used to treat "feed carbon dioxide," which is a carbon dioxide-rich feedstock contaminated with substances such as water vapor, sulfur compounds, or nitrogen oxides, and which exists in gaseous, liquid, or supercritical form. 09.12.2025 - Werner Fischer
[0013] 2
[0014] The proposed process involves the provision of two-phase carbon dioxide using the input carbon dioxide. In the terminology used here, "two-phase carbon dioxide" refers to a two-phase stream or a two-phase mixture or fluid with a liquid component and a gas component, where both the liquid and gas components are rich in carbon dioxide in the sense explained below. The term is used here solely for the sake of simplicity.
[0015] The proposed process further comprises storing the two-phase carbon dioxide, forming a gas phase and a liquid phase; purifying the gas phase or a portion thereof to obtain pure gaseous carbon dioxide; providing supercritical pure carbon dioxide using the pure gaseous carbon dioxide or a portion thereof; and using the supercritical pure carbon dioxide or a portion thereof in providing the two-phase carbon dioxide. The term "pure carbon dioxide" is used here only to indicate that this carbon dioxide is of a higher purity than the input carbon dioxide or the gas phase of the two-phase carbon dioxide. This does not specify a particular purity, although it may be, for example, 98 to 99.99% by weight, mole, or volume.
[0016] The proposed process enables the processing of carbon dioxide in all states of matter (“feed carbon dioxide”), i.e. in gaseous, liquid and supercritical form, in a single system and providing it in a purified and “standardized” form with respect to state of matter and purity, even though it may originate from different sources.
[0017] In the proposed process, the purification or separation of impurities takes place in the gas phase of the two-phase carbon dioxide, i.e., in flash gas, with a significantly higher efficiency than, for example, in the total input carbon dioxide. This allows for a considerably higher purity level. A flash step can generate cooling, enabling the input carbon dioxide to be used as a refrigerant, as it is in a gaseous or supercritical state. This effectively creates an open refrigerant cycle. (December 9, 2025 - Werner Fischer)
[0018] 3
[0019] The cooling unit used to achieve storage conditions, in its simplest form, consists only of a flash valve, which is particularly easy and inexpensive to provide and requires minimal maintenance. Another advantage of using carbon dioxide as a refrigerant is that no closed refrigerant circuits or refrigerants are required. This eliminates common technological problems associated with closed-loop processes, especially the accumulation of certain components such as non-condensable gases.
[0020] In the embodiments proposed here, the provision of the two-phase carbon dioxide can include pressurizing and / or providing the input carbon dioxide, or a portion thereof, to obtain supercritical input carbon dioxide. In this way, the input carbon dioxide, or a portion thereof, can be brought into a form which, in combination with subsequent expansion, enables advantageous refrigeration and the provision of the two-phase carbon dioxide in an advantageous form.
[0021] In embodiments of the proposed process, the supply of the two-phase carbon dioxide can include the expansion of the supercritical feedstock carbon dioxide, or the portion thereof used in the supply of the two-phase carbon dioxide, and the expansion of the supercritical purified carbon dioxide, or the portion thereof used in the supply of the two-phase carbon dioxide, while retaining the two-phase carbon dioxide. As mentioned, cooling can be generated and utilized in the process in this way. Expansion is achieved in particular by means of simple devices such as expansion valves, thus eliminating the need for maintenance-intensive rotating equipment and enabling a particularly cost-effective expansion process.
[0022] In embodiments of the proposed process, the provision of the two-phase carbon dioxide can include the feeding of liquid feed carbon dioxide. Liquid feed carbon dioxide can thereby be converted directly into the liquid phase of the two-phase carbon dioxide, bypassing the expansion step.
[0023] The two-phase carbon dioxide can, in embodiments of the proposed process, be produced particularly at a pressure level of 15 to 20 bar, 17 to 19 bar or 09.12.2025 - Werner Fischer
[0024] 4
[0025] In particular, it can be stored at approximately 18 bar. These conditions allow for storage in standard systems such as tank farms and a particularly effective formation of the gas and liquid phases.
[0026] In some embodiments of the proposed process, the liquid phase, or a portion thereof, can be exported from the process at an undiminished pressure level compared to the storage level. Typically, no flash gas is generated, so all the carbon dioxide in the liquid phase can be exported.
[0027] In various embodiments of the proposed process, the liquid phase, or a portion thereof, can be subjected to pressure reduction and exported from the process. This allows for adaptation to the needs of specific consumers requiring a particular amount of carbon dioxide. The pressure reduction can be achieved to a pressure level of 6 to 10 bar, particularly approximately 7 bar.
[0028] Flash carbon dioxide, or a portion thereof, formed during the aforementioned pressure reduction can be supercritically compressed and used in the production of the two-phase carbon dioxide. In this way, the flash carbon dioxide can be utilized in the process and is not lost.
[0029] In embodiments of the proposed process, the flash carbon dioxide, or the portion thereof used in the preparation of the two-phase carbon dioxide, can first undergo separate compression and then joint compression with the gaseous pure carbon dioxide, or the portion thereof used in the preparation of the two-phase carbon dioxide. This enables the aforementioned use of the flash gas without additional equipment, or only by providing the separate compression stage.
[0030] The input carbon dioxide can be provided in liquid, gaseous, and / or supercritical form in embodiments of the proposed process. Furthermore, the input carbon dioxide can be provided in varying purities and / or using carbon dioxide extracted from one or more process gases and / or using carbon dioxide separated from one or more flue gases. In particular, corresponding [09.12.2025 - Werner Fischer]
[0031] 5
[0032] Designs include the use of input carbon dioxide from different sources and in different states of matter and purities.
[0033] In some embodiments of the proposed process, purification can be carried out using low-temperature rectification. In principle, various alternative or additional process steps can be used for purification, such as absorptive processes, adsorptive processes, membrane processes, and / or condensative processes. Low-temperature separation processes are particularly suitable because the expansion performed here generates cooling, which can be utilized especially in low-temperature separation processes.
[0034] The proposed plant for treating input carbon dioxide in one or more states of matter is designed to provide two-phase carbon dioxide using the input carbon dioxide, to store the two-phase carbon dioxide by forming a gas phase and a liquid phase, to purify the gas phase or a part thereof to obtain gaseous pure carbon dioxide, to provide supercritical pure carbon dioxide using the gaseous pure carbon dioxide or a part thereof, and to use the supercritical pure carbon dioxide or a part thereof in providing the two-phase carbon dioxide.
[0035] Advantages and features described with regard to the proposed process and its configurations also apply to the proposed plant, and vice versa. These are therefore described only once, and reference can be made to the respective explanations. The same applies to configurations of the plant, which can be set up to carry out a process according to any configuration.
[0036] Drawings
[0037] Aspects proposed within the scope of this disclosure are explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawing. This drawing shows
[0038] Figure 1 shows a method according to a proposed embodiment. 09.12.2025 - Werner Fischer
[0039] 6
[0040] Designs
[0041] The embodiments described below are provided solely to assist the reader in understanding the claimed and previously explained features. They represent only representative examples and are not intended to be considered exhaustive or limiting with regard to the features. It is understood that the advantages, embodiments, functions, features, structures, and / or other aspects described above and below are not to be considered limitations of equivalents to the claims, and that other embodiments may be used and modifications made without deviating from the scope of the claimed invention.
[0042] Different embodiments of the invention may include, feature, consist of, or essentially consist of further advantageous combinations of the described elements, components, features, parts, steps, means, etc., even if such combinations are not specifically described herein. Furthermore, the disclosure may include other inventions that are not currently claimed but may be claimed in the future, particularly if they are within the scope of the independent claims.
[0043] Explanations relating to devices, apparatus, arrangements, systems, etc., according to embodiments of the present invention may also apply to methods, processes, procedures, etc., according to embodiments of the present invention, and vice versa. Identical, functionally equivalent, structurally identical, or comparably constructed elements, process steps, etc., may be indicated by identical reference numerals.
[0044] The following explanations and definitions, which concern some fundamental aspects of the invention, may apply to all or part of the embodiments presented herein, and the explanation of certain aspects relating to only one part or one of the embodiments should not be understood to mean that these aspects cannot also be realized with other or all embodiments, insofar as technically possible and reasonable. 09.12.2025 - Werner Fischer
[0045] 7
[0046] The terms used in this disclosure have the meanings generally accepted in the field. For definitions of the terms used here, please refer to standard technical literature. All percentages used here may refer to molar, quantity, or volume fractions. Pressures or pressure ranges given in bar are, unless otherwise stated, to be understood as absolute pressures.
[0047] In common usage, liquids, gases, and supercritical fluids can be described as rich or poor in one or more components, where "rich" can refer to a content of at least 50%, 75%, 90%, 95%, 99%, 99.5%, 99.9%, or 99.99%, and "poor" to a content of at most 50%, 25%, 10%, 5%, 1%, 0.1%, or 0.01%. Terms such as "predominantly containing," "essentially containing," and the like can correspond to the definition of "rich."
[0048] Liquids, gases, and supercritical fluids can furthermore be enriched or depleted of one or more components, these terms referring to a concentration in a source liquid, source gas, or supercritical source fluid from which the liquid or gas under consideration was obtained. For example, the liquid, gas, or supercritical fluid is "enriched" if it contains at least 1.1 times, 1.5 times, 2 times, 5 times, 10 times, 100 times, or 1,000 times the concentration of a component under consideration, relative to the source liquid, source gas, or supercritical source fluid.The liquid, gas or supercritical fluid is, for example, “depleted” if it contains at most 0.9 times, 0.5 times, 0.1 times, 0.01 times or 0.001 times the concentration of a component under consideration, relative to the initial liquid, gas or supercritical fluid.
[0049] Terms such as "feed fluid," "feed gas," or "supercritical feed fluid," also in the form of other formulations like "feed carbon dioxide" and the like, refer to a liquid, gas, or supercritical fluid that is used to supply another liquid, gas, or supercritical fluid. To differentiate, terms such as "follow-on fluid," "follow-on gas," or "supercritical follow-on fluid" can also be used for the other liquid, gas, or supercritical fluid. 09.12.2025 - Werner Fischer
[0050] 8
[0051] The formation of the follower fluid, follower gas, or supercritical follower fluid using the feeder fluid, feeder gas, or supercritical feeder fluid can be carried out using processing steps that may include purification, expansion, compression, fractionation, and combination, even under phase change.
[0052] In general, steps can be used here as discussed below for the term "educated".
[0053] A secondary liquid, secondary gas, or supercritical secondary fluid is "formed" from or using a feed liquid, feed gas, or supercritical secondary fluid, or is "obtained" from it and / or "provided" using it, if it contains at least some components contained in or obtained from the feed liquid, feed gas, or supercritical secondary fluid. A secondary liquid, secondary gas, or supercritical fluid can be formed from the feed liquid, feed gas, or supercritical secondary fluid by separating or diverting a portion or components, enriching or depleting one or more components, chemically or physically reacting one or more components, heating, cooling, pressurizing, and the like.A follower fluid, follower gas or supercritical follower fluid can also be “formed”, for example, simply by drawing it off from a storage container.
[0054] When a liquid, gas, or supercritical fluid is described as containing one of the components or as a mixture of two or more components, for example, "carbon dioxide", "oxygen", or "nitrogen", or even a "carbon dioxide-oxygen mixture", this also includes liquids, gases, or supercritical fluids that are rich in one or more of the components described, but do not necessarily have to consist exclusively of them.
[0055] To characterize pressures and temperatures, the terms "pressure level" and "temperature level" are used in particular, thereby expressing that corresponding pressures and temperatures are not necessarily used in the form of exact pressure or temperature values. 09.12.2025 - Werner Fischer
[0056] 9
[0057] These pressures and temperatures must be adjusted to achieve a specific solution. However, such pressures and temperatures typically fall within certain ranges, for example, ±1%, 5%, 10%, 20%, or even 50% around a mean value.
[0058] Corresponding pressure and temperature levels can lie in disjoint or overlapping ranges. In particular, pressure levels include unavoidable or expected pressure losses. The same applies to temperature levels. The pressure levels given here in bar are absolute pressures.
[0059] The conjunction "and / or," when used before the last item in a list, should be understood to mean that all previously mentioned items can be combined with each other in any way. In other words, "A, B and / or C" means "A and / or B and / or C" or "at least one of the elements A, B, C in any combination."
[0060] Carbon dioxide captured in plants of the type described above can be supplied in varying degrees of purity, states of matter, at different pressure levels, and at different temperatures. For example, different carbon dioxide capture techniques are available depending on the source, which may result in such differences. Similarly, certain states of matter and pressure conditions may be advantageous depending on the intended transport route or storage method.
[0061] For transport by tanker ship, for example, liquid carbon dioxide is preferred, whereas a two-phase or gaseous state can also be advantageous for tank storage. In other cases, supercritical carbon dioxide may also be used.
[0062] The purity of carbon dioxide can also result from the specific type or position of the separation in the process. The following discussion will initially refer generally to the separation of carbon dioxide, including various methods, in each case only by way of example and without limiting the invention. 09.12.2025 - Werner Fischer
[0063] 10
[0064] The separation of carbon dioxide from gas mixtures such as flue gas, which typically originates from industrial processes like power plants, cement works, or chemical production facilities, is, like the separation from process gases such as synthesis gas, a comparatively complex process. Various technologies are available for this purpose.
[0065] A widely used method for carbon dioxide removal is chemical absorption, in which the initial gas mixture is passed through a special absorption solution, usually based on amines. The absorption solution chemically binds the carbon dioxide. By heating the loaded absorption solution in a regeneration unit, the carbon dioxide is released and recovered in concentrated form. Alternatively, adsorption can be used, in which carbon dioxide is bound to solid materials such as zeolites or activated carbon. The bound carbon dioxide is released by changing the pressure or temperature. Other possibilities include membrane separation, in which carbon dioxide is filtered out of the gas mixture using selective membranes, and cryogenic separation, in which the initial gas mixture is cooled to a very low temperature so that the carbon dioxide can be condensed and separated.
[0066] Combinations of the aforementioned separation techniques can also be used, for example, for coarse and fine cleaning. The choice of the specific separation technique depends on initial conditions such as concentration, pressure, temperature, and the like.
[0067] The liquefaction of captured carbon dioxide can be carried out, for example, using liquid or evaporating ammonia or other refrigerants. As mentioned, it serves, for instance, to convert carbon dioxide into a desired transport form or into a form in which it can be used for industrial applications or storage. The liquefaction process is described in more detail below.
[0068] After capture, the carbon dioxide is often contaminated with impurities such as water vapor, sulfur compounds, or nitrogen oxides. These must be removed in one or more purification steps to ensure the desired purity. Water vapor, for example, is removed by 09.12.2025 - Werner Fischer
[0069] 11
[0070] Desiccants or cooling agents are removed, while sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are eliminated by chemical or physical processes. Thorough purification is particularly necessary in applications that place high demands on the purity of the carbon dioxide, such as dry ice production or food processing.
[0071] The purified carbon dioxide is then subjected to one or more compression steps at a comparatively high pressure. For liquefaction, the carbon dioxide is typically pressurized to at least 52 bar. Heat is generated during compression, which must be dissipated by suitable cooling systems to ensure process stability.
[0072] In the next step, the compressed carbon dioxide is cooled to a low temperature for the actual liquefaction. The high pressure and cooling cause the carbon dioxide to transition into a liquid state, whereas at atmospheric pressure it would sublimate. This is often achieved using heat exchangers, which further cool the carbon dioxide until the phase transition is complete. Typically, the temperature of liquid carbon dioxide is around 20 °C or lower, depending on the applied pressure.
[0073] The liquid carbon dioxide is then stored or transported in insulated tanks that maintain both the required pressure and low temperature. Special containers are available for transport, ensuring safe handling. Liquid carbon dioxide is used in numerous industrial applications, such as the production of carbonated beverages, chemical synthesis, and as a refrigerant.
[0074] The entire process is energy-intensive and requires precise control of operating conditions. Nevertheless, carbon dioxide capture and liquefaction is an important step towards a more sustainable industry, particularly in the context of carbon capture and storage (CCS, also known as capturing carbon for use or storage, CCUS), with the aim of reducing greenhouse gas emissions. 09.12.2025 - Werner Fischer
[0075] 12
[0076] Carbon dioxide can be separated from a gas mixture before it is used in a combustion process. In reforming and gasification processes, fossil fuels react with air or pure oxygen to produce synthesis gas consisting of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide. In such cases, carbon dioxide is separated from the synthesis gas stream before combustion or further chemical use of the synthesis gas. This may result in a smaller quantity of impurities requiring removal.
[0077] In so-called oxyfuel combustion, fuels are burned in a nearly pure oxygen-rich environment. Oxygen is extracted from the air and then burned with a fossil fuel to produce carbon dioxide and water vapor. This combustion drives turbines, for example, to generate electricity. The water vapor is then cooled, condensed, and removed, while the carbon dioxide is captured. Due to the low or nitrogen-free combustion, the carbon dioxide contains other impurities.
[0078] Carbon dioxide can also be separated from exhaust gas after the combustion process. This is the most commonly used technology for retrofitting industrial and power generation plants. The flue gas produced during the combustion of fossil fuels flows through an absorber column with a circulating liquid absorbent that washes out the carbon dioxide. This process also results in different properties of the carbon dioxide.
[0079] Carbon dioxide from a variety of different capture processes and sources should be supplied and distributed as flexibly and in a standardized manner as possible, with comparable purity, also to compensate for smaller quantities from one source with another. This is achieved by the designs proposed here.
[0080] Figure 1 illustrates a process according to a proposed embodiment in the form of a simplified block diagram. The process is denoted by 100. As mentioned, the elements depicted and designated as process steps can also represent corresponding plant components. 09.12.2025 - Werner Fischer
[0081] 13
[0082] The process 100 can be supplied with supercritical carbon dioxide 1 via a supply step 111, gaseous carbon dioxide 2 via a supply step 112, and liquid carbon dioxide 3 via a supply step 113.
[0083] The term "feed carbon dioxide" is used throughout. It can be supplied in various ways, for example via tankers, tank trucks, pipelines, from tanks, or directly from a carbon dioxide capture plant for flue or process gas. Process 100 can include any of the supply steps 111, 112, 113, and combinations thereof, any of which may also be omitted.
[0084] If necessary, the gaseous carbon dioxide 102 can also undergo additional compression 114 to bring it to a suitable pressure level. The supercritical carbon dioxide 1 and the gaseous carbon dioxide 2 can be combined to obtain a manifold stream 4, and supercritical carbon dioxide 5, for example at a pressure level above 95 bar, can be fed into this manifold stream or into the respective individual streams.
[0085] The collective current, further designated as 4, can then be used in a flash or...
[0086] In expansion step 115, for example using one or more expansion valves, the mixture is expanded to obtain a two-phase mixture 6 after combination with the liquid carbon dioxide 3. This mixture is present, for example, at a pressure level of approximately 18 bar. In storage step 116, this mixture is stored, for example, in a tank system or tank farm with one or more thermally insulated pressure tanks. Storage takes place in the form of the two-phase mixture 6, i.e., at a pressure level of approximately 18 bar. A liquid phase and a gas phase superimposed on the liquid phase are formed.
[0087] Liquid carbon dioxide 7 from a corresponding tank system can be exported from process 100 as liquid export carbon dioxide 8 at a pressure level of approximately 18 bar via a medium-pressure export step 117a. Further liquid carbon dioxide 9 can be exported from process 100 as liquid export carbon dioxide 10 at a pressure level of approximately 7 bar via a low-pressure export step 117b, subjected to appropriate expansion. Further carbon dioxide 11 from the low-pressure export step 117, i.e., flash carbon dioxide, can be subjected to recompression 118 to approximately 18 bar at a pressure level of approximately 7 bar. 09.12.2025 - Werner Fischer
[0088] 14
[0089] then fed in the form of a carbon dioxide stream 12 to a supercritical compression 119, which provides the supercritical carbon dioxide 5.
[0090] Gaseous carbon dioxide 13 from a corresponding tank system or storage step 116 can be subjected to one or more purification steps 120 at a pressure level of approximately 18 bar. These steps may include, for example, low-temperature rectification, and yield a purified carbon dioxide stream 14, i.e., pure carbon dioxide. Separated streams are not shown separately for clarity. The carbon dioxide stream 14 can then also be fed to the supercritical compression stage 119.
[0091] By recirculating the supercritical carbon dioxide stream 5, a cycle is formed that ensures the purification step(s) 120 are repeated, thus yielding pure carbon dioxide overall. Since this is an open cycle, there is no accumulation of unwanted components.
[0092] As previously mentioned, the proposed process enables the processing of carbon dioxide 1, 2, 3 in all states of matter—that is, in gaseous, liquid, and supercritical form—within a single system. The purification or removal of impurities can be achieved in the gaseous carbon dioxide 13, i.e., in the flash gas, with a significantly higher efficiency than, for example, in any of the output streams. This allows for a considerably higher level of purity. The flash step 115 can generate cooling, enabling the use of the supplied carbon dioxide 1, 2 as a refrigerant, since it is in gaseous or supercritical form. This effectively creates an open refrigerant cycle. In its simplest form, the cooling unit required to achieve storage conditions consists only of a flash valve, which is particularly easy and inexpensive to provide and requires minimal maintenance.
Claims
December 9, 2025 - Werner Fischer 15 Patent claims 1. Method (100) for treating feedstock carbon dioxide (1-3) in one or more states of matter, comprising: Providing (111-114) two-phase carbon dioxide (6) using the input carbon dioxide (1-3); Storing (116) the two-phase carbon dioxide (6) by forming a gas phase and a liquid phase; Purification (120) of the gas phase or part thereof to obtain gaseous pure carbon dioxide (14); Providing supercritical pure carbon dioxide (5) using gaseous pure carbon dioxide (14) or a part thereof; and using supercritical pure carbon dioxide (5) or a part thereof in the provision (111-114) of the two-phase carbon dioxide (6).
2. Method (100) according to claim 1, wherein the provision (111, 112, 113, 114) of the two-phase carbon dioxide (6) comprises pressurizing and / or providing the feed carbon dioxide (1, 2, 3, 4) or a part thereof, obtaining supercritical feed carbon dioxide (4).
3. Method (100) according to claim 2, wherein the provision (111, 112, 113, 114) of the two-phase carbon dioxide (6) comprises a relaxation (114) of the supercritical feed carbon dioxide (4) or the portion thereof used in the provision (111, 112, 113, 114) of the two-phase carbon dioxide (6) and of the supercritical pure carbon dioxide (5) or the portion thereof used in the provision (111, 112, 113, 114) of the two-phase carbon dioxide (6) while retaining the two-phase carbon dioxide (6).
4. Method (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the provision (111, 112, 113, 114) of the two-phase carbon dioxide (6) includes the feeding of liquid feed carbon dioxide (3).
5. Method (100) according to one of the preceding claims, 09.12.2025 - Werner Fischer 16 wherein the two-phase carbon dioxide (6) is stored at a pressure level of 15 to 20 bar, 17 to 19 bar or 18 bar.
6. Method (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the liquid phase or a part thereof is exported from the process (100) at an undiminished pressure level compared to storage.
7. Method (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the liquid phase or a part thereof is subjected to pressure reduction and exported from the process (100).
8. Method (100) according to claim 7, wherein flash carbon dioxide (11) formed during pressure reduction, or a part thereof, is supercritically compressed and used in the provision (111, 112, 113, 114) of the two-phase carbon dioxide (6).
9. Method (100) according to claim 8, wherein the flash carbon dioxide (11) or the part thereof used in the provision (111, 112, 113, 114) of the two-phase carbon dioxide (6) is first subjected to a separate compression (118) and then to a joint compression (119) with the gaseous pure carbon dioxide (14) or the part thereof used in the provision (111, 112, 113, 114) of the two-phase carbon dioxide (6).
10. Method (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the input carbon dioxide (1, 2, 3) is provided in liquid, gaseous and / or supercritical form.
11. Method (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, where the input carbon dioxide (1, 2, 3) is provided in different purities.
12. Method (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the input carbon dioxide (1, 2, 3) is provided by separation using one or more process gases and / or using one or more flue gases. 09.12.2025 - Werner Fischer 17 13. Method (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the purification (120) is carried out using a low-temperature rectification.