Anti-dandruff composition and products containing same

Abstract

Anti-dandruff composition and hair treatment composition are disclosed containing an anti-dandruff agent, a solvent, and a cosolvent. The cosolvent facilitates dissolving the anti-dandruff agent into the solvent. The solvent can comprise an oil for forming an oil phase in the composition that increases deposition efficiency when applied to the hair.

Description

ANTI-DANDRUFF COMPOSITION AND PRODUCTS CONTAINING SAMECROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims priority and the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 751,397, filed January 30, 2025 and of U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 895,654, filed October 8, 2025 which are expressly incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.BACKGROUND

[0001] Hair and scalp treatment compositions can include shampoos, conditioners, and other similar compositions that are designed to be applied to the hair or scalp of a user and then rinsed off. These products are often applied when a user is bathing and / or taking a shower. These products can also be applied during hair styling or hair cutting procedures or by healthcare professionals.

[0002] One type of hair treatment composition can contain an anti-dandruff agent. Anti-dandruff shampoos, for instance, are a type of shampoo formulated to help alleviate or treat dandruff, a common scalp condition characterized by the shedding of dead skin flakes from the scalp. Dandruff can be caused by various factors including fungal overgrowth, dry scalp, or an excessive buildup of oil. Antidandruff shampoos typically contain active ingredients that target these underlying causes and provide relief from dandruff.

[0003] Only a very small list of compounds, however, are known to provide antidandruff relief, especially against microorganisms, such as the fungus Malassezia.

[0004] Effective anti-dandruff agents, however, are relatively expensive to produce and thus are present in anti-dandruff shampoos at low concentrations. The cost of increasing anti-dandruff agents in shampoos can be prohibitive and commercially unfeasible for providing improved formulations. Consequently, one reoccurring problem in formulating anti-dandruff hair treatment compositions is to improve the efficacy of the anti-dandruff agents without increasing their concentration.SUMMARY

[0005] The present disclosure is generally directed to an improved anti-dandruff hair treatment composition. More particularly, the present disclosure is directed to a hair treatment composition that includes an anti-dandruff agent contained in anoil phase. For example, in one embodiment, the anti-dandruff composition comprises an emulsion including an oil phase and a water phase. The antidandruff agent can be dissolved in the oil phase. When incorporated into a shampoo or other hair treatment composition, the anti-dandruff agent remains in the oil phase and does not combine with lathering agents and other surfactants contained in the product. It was discovered that by maintaining the anti-dandruff agent in an oil phase, the efficacy of the anti-dandruff agent can be dramatically increased at lower concentrations.

[0006] In one embodiment, for instance, the present disclosure is directed to an anti-dandruff composition comprising an anti-dandruff agent that is contained in an oil phase. The oil phase comprises a solvent for the anti-dandruff agent comprising at least one triglyceride. The oil phase further comprises a cosolvent comprising at least one fatty acid. The at least one fatty acid, for instance, can have a carbon chain length of from about 10 carbon atoms to about 40 carbon atoms. The anti-dandruff agent is solubilized in the solvent for forming the oil phase that then can be combined with a hair treatment composition, such as a shampoo.

[0007] In one aspect, the anti-dandruff composition can comprise an emulsion that includes the oil phase as described above and a water phase. The water phase can contain an emulsifier and a surfactant. The surfactant can comprise a cationic or amphoteric surfactant. For instance, the surfactant can comprise an amine oxide, such as cocoamine oxide. The emulsifier contained in the water phase can comprise, in one embodiment, a polyglycerol ester. The polyglycerol ester can comprise a reaction product of a polyglycerol component containing from about 2 to about 12 molecules of glycerol and a fatty acid comprising caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, cerotic acid, oleic acid, or mixtures thereof.

[0008] The oil phase can contain a cosurfactant. The cosurfactant can comprise a glycol caprylate, such as ethylene glycol caprylate, propylene glycol caprylate, or mixtures thereof.

[0009] The oil phase can also contain an antioxidant. Any suitable oil soluble antioxidant may be used. In one aspect, the antioxidant comprises vitamin E, which also acts as an anti-inflammatory active for the scalp.

[0010] In general, any suitable anti-dandruff agent can be incorporated into the composition of the present disclosure. In one aspect, the anti-dandruff agent comprises piroctone olamine. Other anti-dandruff agents that can be present in the composition include climbazole, ketoconazole, tar, or mixtures thereof.

[0011] As described above, the solvent contained in the composition can comprise a triglyceride. The solvent, for instance, can comprise a vegetable oil, cottonseed oil, sunflower oil, sweet almond oil, soybean oil, and mixtures thereof. The cosolvent can comprise an unsaturated fatty acid. The unsaturated fatty acid can comprise a monounsaturated fatty acid, a diunsaturated fatty acid, or a triunsaturated fatty acid. In one embodiment, the cosolvent comprises an octadecenoic acid, such as cis-9-octadecenoic acid, trans-9-octadecenoic acid, cis, cis-9,12-octadecadienoic acid, or mixtures thereof. For instance, the cosolvent can comprise oleic acid. Other cosolvents include elaidic acid, linoleic acid, or mixtures thereof.

[0012] In one particular embodiment, the anti-dandruff composition comprises an emulsion and contains the anti-dandruff agent in an amount from about 0.5% by weight to about 15% by weight, such as in an amount from about 1 % by weight to about 12% by weight. The anti-dandruff agent can contain the solvent in an amount from about 10% by weight to about 50% by weight, such as in an amount from about 20% by weight to about 40% by weight. The cosolvent can be present in the anti-dandruff composition in an amount from about 1 % by weight to about 15% by weight, such as in an amount from about 3% by weight to about 10% by weight. The surfactant contained in the water phase of the emulsion can be present in the composition in an amount from about 0.1 % by weight to about 5% by weight, such as in an amount from about 0.5% by weight to about 2% by weight. The emulsifier can be present in the anti-dandruff composition in an amount from about 0.1 % by weight to about 6% by weight, such as in an amount from about 0.5% by weight to about 3% by weight.

[0013] In one aspect, the anti-dandruff agent and the cosolvent are present in the anti-dandruff composition at a weight ratio of from about 1 : 1 to about 1:10, such as from about 1:1.1 to about 1 :3.

[0014] The present disclosure is also directed to a hair treatment composition, such as a shampoo, that contains the anti-dandruff composition as describedabove in combination with at least one lathering agent. The lathering agent, for instance, can comprise sodium laureth sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate,cocam idopropyl betaine, cocamide monoethanolamine, a sophorolipid, a rhamnolipid, a methyl ester sulphonate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, sodium cocoyl glycinate, disodium cocoamphodiacetate, sodium cocoyl sarcosinate, a coco-sultaine, or mixtures thereof.

[0015] The shampoo or hair treatment composition of the present disclosure can further comprise at least one additive. For instance, the shampoo can contain conditioning agents, hydrotropes, fragrances, pH adjustment agents, chelating agents, preservatives, antioxidants, moisturizing agents, coloring agents, stabilizers, lathering agents, or mixtures thereof.

[0016] In one aspect, the shampoo contains at least one moisturizing agent. The moisturizing agent can comprise a silicone, such as dimethiconol, dimethicone, Bis-aminopropyl dimethicone, amodimethicon, or mixtures thereof.

[0017] Preservatives that can be present in the shampoo include gluconolactone, sodium benzoate, or mixtures thereof.

[0018] In one embodiment, the shampoo contains a conditioning agent. The conditioning agent can comprise behentrimonium methosulfate, glycerin, guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, or mixtures thereof.

[0019] In one embodiment, the hair conditioning treatment or shampoo can contain the anti-dandruff agent at very low concentrations while remaining efficacious against dandruff-causing microorganisms. For instance, the antidandruff agent can be present in the hair treatment composition or shampoo in an amount less than about 0.5% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 0.25% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 0.15% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 0.1% by weight, such as even in an amount less than about 0.08% by weight.

[0020] Even at the above low concentrations, the shampoo or hair treatment composition can display excellent efficacy against microorganisms that cause dandruff including Malassezia. For instance, the shampoo or hair treatment composition can display greater than about a 2 log reduction, such as greater than about a 2.5 log reduction when tested against Malassezia furfur ATCC 14521 according to ASTM Test E2315-16.

[0021] It is believed that by incorporating the anti-dandruff agent into an oil phase, not only is the efficacy of the anti-dandruff agent improved but the amount of anti-dandruff agent that is deposited onto the skin or the scalp is increased.

[0022] The present disclosure is also directed to a method for cleansing and / or conditioning hair. The method includes applying an effective amount of the hair treatment composition as described above to a user’s hair, massaging the composition in the hair, and rinsing the hair after a period of time.

[0023] Other features and aspects of the present disclosure are discussed in greater detail below.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] A full and enabling disclosure of the present disclosure is set forth more particularly in the remainder of the specification, including reference to the accompanying figure, in which:Figure 1 is a graphical representation of some of the results obtained in the example below.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] It is to be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that the present discussion is a description of exemplary embodiments only and is not intended as limiting the broader aspects of the present disclosure.

[0026] In general, the present disclosure is directed to increasing the efficacy of an anti-dandruff agent without having to increase the concentration of the antidandruff agent in a hair treatment composition, such as a shampoo. More particularly, the present disclosure is directed to incorporating an anti-dandruff agent into an oil phase that, when incorporated into a hair treatment composition such as a shampoo, holistically increases the efficacy of the anti-dandruff agent. By incorporating the anti-dandruff agent into an oil phase, for instance, it is believed that greater amounts of the anti-dandruff agent are deposited onto the scalp of a user. It is also believed that the oily environment also increases the efficacy of the anti-dandruff agent against dandruff-causing microorganisms. In one aspect, the anti-dandruff agent can comprise a substituted pyridine, such as piroctone olamine or an imidazole, such as climbazole.

[0027] Many different shampoos are commercially available that contain an anti-dandruff agent, such as piroctone olamine. The anti-dandruff agents displayvery low solubility in water. Consequently, in existing formulations, the antidandruff agent is typically solubilized by the lathering agents or surfactants contained in the shampoo. Once solubilized from the surfactants, however, the anti-dandruff agent mobility is severely reduced as it is captured into the core of the micelles (or in the palisade layer) of the surfactant. Consequently, when the shampoo is combined with water and applied to the hair, only a fraction of the antidandruff agent is deposited onto the scalp. In addition, the time window for deposition of the anti-dandruff agent onto the scalp is very short lasting between 30 and 60 seconds once the shampoo is combined with water and applied to the hair. Consequently, a majority of the anti-dandruff agent in conventional shampoos never reaches the scalp and is washed down the drain.

[0028] According to the present disclosure, however, one or more anti-dandruff agents are incorporated into an oil phase that can be contained in an emulsion. The emulsion is added to the shampoo. Maintaining the anti-dandruff agent in an oil phase is believed to prevent the anti-dandruff agent from being solubilized or captured by the lathering agents or surfactants contained in the shampoo. It is believed that incorporating or dissolving one or more anti-dandruff agents into an oil phase in a shampoo dramatically increases the efficacy of the anti-dandruff agent and increases the amount of anti-dandruff agent that is deposited onto the scalp.

[0029] In accordance with the present disclosure, in order to produce the oil phase, the one or more anti-dandruff agents are combined with an oil, such as a vegetable oil, in combination with a cosolvent. The cosolvent has been found to increase the amount and concentration of anti-dandruff agent that can be incorporated into the oil. In this manner, the amount of oil incorporated into the shampoo or hair treatment composition can be controlled and minimized. In addition, the amount of anti-dandruff agent incorporated into the shampoo can also be minimized due to the dramatic increase in efficacy. For example, in one embodiment, compared to conventional shampoos, a shampoo formulated in accordance with the present disclosure can contain one-tenth the amount of antidandruff agent while displaying almost twice the efficacy against dandruff-causing microorganisms in comparison to conventional anti-dandruff shampoos.

[0030] The anti-dandruff composition of the present disclosure can also provide other added benefits to the hair treatment composition. For instance, the oil phase containing the anti-dandruff agent contains components that can improve scalp health as a whole by delivering essential lipids and other antibacterial and / or antifungal boosters to the scalp. Consequently, not only are dandruff-causing microorganisms controlled, but the components contained in the anti-dandruff composition also moisturize the skin and replace scalp health components that are typically removed during the shampoo process.

[0031] The anti-dandruff composition of the present disclosure comprises, in one aspect, at least one anti-dandruff agent, a solvent comprising an oil, and a cosolvent that facilitates and / or increases the solubility of the anti-dandruff agent in the oily solvent. The solvent can comprise any suitable triglyceride.

[0032] Triglycerides are made up of three fatty acid molecules attached to a glycerol backbone. The fatty acids contained in the triglyceride can vary and can influence the final properties of the oil. For instance, triglycerides can include saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids.

[0033] In one aspect, the triglyceride incorporated into the anti-dandruff composition of the present disclosure comprises a naturally occurring oil. For instance, the triglyceride can comprise a vegetable oil, an animal fat, or an oil obtained from a nut or seed. Oily solvents that can be used in accordance with the present disclosure include, for instance, vegetable oil, cottonseed oil, sunflower oil, sweet almond oil, soybean oil, coconut oil, palm oil, a fish oil, tallow, flaxseed oil, a walnut oil, a cashew oil, an avocado oil, or mixtures thereof. In one aspect, the polyglyceride selected is a vegetable oil, a cottonseed oil, a sunflower seed oil, or mixtures thereof.

[0034] In general, any suitable anti-dandruff agent can be combined with the one or more triglycerides in accordance with the present disclosure. The antidandruff agent, for instance, may comprise a N-hydroxypyridone, such as an ethanolamine salt of a N-hydroxypyridone. In one aspect, for instance, the antidandruff agent may comprise piroctone olamine.

[0035] Other anti-dandruff agents that can be incorporated into the antidandruff composition include imidazole anti-fungal agents, such as climbazole.Still other anti-dandruff agents include ketoconazole, a pyrithione, tar, and the like. The anti-dandruff composition of the present disclosure can contain a single antidandruff agent as described above or a mixture of anti-dandruff agents.

[0036] In addition to one or more anti-dandruff agents and an oily solvent, the anti-dandruff composition of the present disclosure further includes a cosolvent. The cosolvent can facilitate incorporation of the one or more anti-dandruff agents into the solvent. For instance, the cosolvent, in some applications, may increase the solubility of the anti-dandruff agent into the oily solvent.

[0037] In one aspect, the cosolvent can comprise at least one fatty acid. Fatty acids represent a class of naturally occurring compounds that can also beneficially modulate scalp condition. These molecules consist of long hydrocarbon chains with a terminal carboxyl group and can be sourced from renewable plant and animal materials. The fatty acid, for instance, can have a carbon chain length of from about 10 carbon atoms to about 40 carbon atoms. In one aspect, the fatty acid can comprise a saturated fatty acid. Alternatively, the fatty acid can comprise an unsaturated fatty acid such as a monounsaturated fatty acid, a diunsaturated fatty acid, a triunsaturated fatty acid, or other polyunsaturated fatty acids.

[0038] In one aspect, the fatty acid comprises a monounsaturated or polyunsaturated fatty acid having a carbon chain length of from about 14 carbon atoms to about 24 carbon atoms, such as from about 14 carbon atoms to about 20 carbon atoms. Particular examples of fatty acid cosolvents include, for instance, oleic acid, elaidic acid, linoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, vaccenic acid, eicosenoic acid, gondoic acid, myristoleic acid, and mixtures thereof.

[0039] Oleic acid, elaidic acid, linoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, vaccenic acid, eicosenoic acid, gondoic acid, and myristoleic acid are exemplary unsaturated fatty acids that vary in chain length and the position or configuration of their double bonds. However, they share the fundamental properties of being C14-C20 unsaturated fatty acids obtainable from natural lipid sources. Oleic acid (cis-9-octadecenoic acid) is a C18 monounsaturated fatty acid present in high concentrations in olive oil, canola oil, and sunflower oil. Elaidic acid (trans-9-octadecenoic acid), the trans-isomer of oleic acid, occurs naturally in trace amounts in ruminant fats and dairy products and can also be obtained through controlled partial hydrogenation of vegetable oils. Linoleic acid (cis,cis-9, 12-octadecadienoic acid) is a C18 polyunsaturated fatty acid abundant in safflower, soybean, and sunflower oils. Palmitoleic acid (cis-9-hexadecenoic acid) is a C16 monounsaturated fatty acid found in macadamia oil, fish oils, and human sebum. Vaccenic acid (trans-11 -octadecenoic acid) is a naturally occurring C18 trans-monounsaturated fatty acid present in ruminant fats and dairy-derived lipids.Eicosenoic acid (cis-11-eicosenoic acid) and gondoic acid (cis-11-eicosenoic acid, commonly used interchangeably in reference) are C20 monounsaturated fatty acids found predominantly in rapeseed oil and related plant sources. Myristoleic acid (cis-9-tetradecenoic acid) is a shorter-chain C14 monounsaturated fatty acid identified in fish oils, animal fats, and nutmeg oil.

[0040] In order to form the anti-dandruff composition of the present disclosure, the solvent, cosolvent, and one or more anti-dandruff agents are combined together and blended. In one aspect, the anti-dandruff agent is solubilized within the solvent.

[0041] In one aspect, the anti-dandruff composition of the present disclosure comprises a single oil phase that is then incorporated into various different hair treatment compositions, such as a shampoo. The oil phase, for instance, may contain the triglyceride solvent in an amount greater than about 40% by weight, such as in an amount greater than about 50% by weight, such as in an amount greater than about 60% by weight, such as in an amount greater than about 65% by weight, such as in an amount greater than about 70% by weight, and in an amount less than about 95% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 85% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 80% by weight. The amount of cosolvent contained in the oil phase can depend upon the particular cosolvent selected in combination with the particular solvent selected. In general, the cosolvent can be present in the oil phase in an amount greater than about 5% by weight, such as in an amount greater than about 8% by weight, such as in an amount greater than about 10% by weight, such as in an amount greater than about 12% by weight, and in an amount less than about 30% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 25% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 20% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 18% by weight.

[0042] The amount of the one or more anti-dandruff agents contained in the oil phase can depend upon the solubility of the anti-dandruff agent within the oil andthe amount of anti-dandruff agent that is to be incorporated into the end use product in conjunction with the oil. In general, one or more anti-dandruff agents can be present in the oil phase in an amount greater than about 1 % by weight, such as in an amount greater than about 3% by weight, such as in an amount greater than about 5% by weight, such as in an amount greater than about 7% by weight, such as in an amount greater than about 9% by weight, and in an amount less than about 23% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 20% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 18% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 15% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 13% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 11 % by weight.

[0043] The oil phase can also contain a cosurfactant. The cosurfactant can comprise a glycol caprylate, such as ethylene glycol caprylate, propylene glycol caprylate, or mixtures thereof. In general, the cosurfactant can be present in the oil phase in an amount greater than about 0.1% by weight, such as in an amount greater than about 0.5% by weight, such as in an amount greater than about 1 % by weight, such as in an amount greater than about 1.5% by weight, such as in an amount greater than about 2% by weight, and in an amount less than about 8% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 6% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 5% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 4% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 3% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 2.5% by weight.

[0044] The oil phase can further contain an antioxidant. Any suitable oil soluble antioxidant may be used. In one aspect, the antioxidant comprises vitamin E, which also acts as an anti-inflammatory active for the scalp. The antioxidant can be present in the oil phase in an amount greater than about 0.01% by weight, such as in an amount greater than about 0.1% by weight, such as in an amount greater than about 0.2% by weight, such as in an amount greater than about 0.3% by weight, such as in an amount greater than about 0.5% by weight, and in an amount less than about 4% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 3% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 2% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 1% by weight.

[0045] In one embodiment, the anti-dandruff composition of the present disclosure, instead of only comprising an oil phase, can comprise an emulsionincluding an oil phase and a water phase. The oil phase, for instance, can comprise the dispersed phase and the water phase can comprise the continuous phase. Once formed into an emulsion, the anti-dandruff composition can then be incorporated into a hair treatment composition, such as a shampoo.

[0046] The emulsion can be formed by incorporating the oil phase as described above into an aqueous composition containing water, at least one emulsifier, and optionally one or more surfactants. In one aspect, the emulsifier may comprise a polyglyceryl ester. The polyglyceryl ester can be produced by the etherification of glycerol to polyglycerol followed by the esterification of polyglycerol with a fatty acid. The resulting polyglyceryl ester is known to be mild to the skin, can provide active moisturization, while being compatible with the anti-dandruff agent. Of particular advantage, the one or more polyglyceryl esters can also be naturally derived from plant origin.

[0047] Polyglyceryl esters can include a relatively large hydrophilic head group comprising glycerol units in addition to a shorter chain hydrophobic tail formed from the fatty acid.

[0048] Polyglyceryl esters useable in the present disclosure may be formed from saturated, unsaturated, natural or synthetic fatty acids, and the like. For instance, saturated fatty acids include, but are not limited to, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myrystic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, cerotic acid, oleic acid, combinations thereof, derivatives thereof, and the like.

[0049] Furthermore, the polyglyceryl esters are derived from (a) a polyglycerol component built up from 2 to 12 molecules of glycerol, based on an average, and (b) a fatty acid selected from the group consisting of caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, cerotic acid, oleic acid, mixtures thereof, and the like.

[0050] Examples of polyglyceryl ester, having an HLB value between 1-9 or 10-18, includes, but are not limited to, polyglyceryl monooleate such as polyglyceryl-10 decaoleate; polyglyceryl monooleate such as polyglyceryl-2-monooleate, polyglyceryl-3 monooleate, polyglyceryl-4 monooleate, polyglyceryl-6 monooleate, or polyglyceryl-10 monooleate; polyglyceryl dioleate such as polyglyceryl-2 dioleate, polyglyceryl-3 dioleate, polyglyceryl-5 dioleate, polyglyceryl-6 dioleate orpolyglyceryl-10 dioleate; polyglyceryl trioleate such as polyglyceryl-5 trioleate or polyglyceryl-10 trioleate; polyglyceryl tetraoleate such as polyglyceryl-2 tetraoleate, polyglyceryl-6 tetraoleate, or polyglyceryl-10 tetraoleate; polyglyceryl pentaoleate such as polyglyceryl-4 pentaoleate, polyglyceryl-6 pentaoleate, or polyglyceryl-10 pentaoleate; polyglyceryl heptaoleate such as polyglyceryl-6 heptaoleate, polyglyceryl-10 heptaoleate; polyglyceryl monostearate such as polyglyceryl-2 monostearate, polyglyceryl-3 monostearate, polyglyceryl-4 monostearate, polyglyceryl-5 monostearate, polyglyceryl-6 monostearate or polyglyceryl-10 monostearate; polyglyceryl distearate such as polyglyceryl-2 distearate, polyglyceryl-3 distearate, polyglyceryl-4 distearate, polyglyceryl-6 distearate, or polyglyceryl-10 distearate; polyglyceryl tristearate such as polyglyceryl-4 tristearate, polyglyceryl-5 tristearate, polyglyceryl-6 tristearate, or polyglyceryl-10 tristearate; polyglyceryl tetrastea rate such as polyglyceryl-2 tetrastearate; polyglyceryl pentastearate such as polyglyceryl-4 pentastearate, polyglyceryl-6 pentastearate, or polyglyceryl-10 pentastearate; polyglyceryl heptastearate such as polyglyceryl-10 heptastearate; polyglyceryl isostearate such as polyglyceryl-2 isostearate, polyglyceryl-3 isostearate, polyglyceryl-4 isostearate, polyglyceryl-6 isostearate, or polyglyceryl-10 isostearate; polyglyceryl diisostearate such as polyglyceryl-2 diisostearate, polyglyceryl-3 diisostearate, polyglyceryl-4 diisostearate, polyglyceryl-6 diisostearate, polyglyceryl-10 diisostearate, or polyglyceryl-15 diisostearate; polyglyceryl tri isostearate such as polyglyceryl-2 triisostearate, polyglyceryl-3 triisostearate, polyglyceryl-5 triisostearate, polyglyceryl-10 triisostearate; polyglyceryl tetraisostearate such as polyglyceryl-2 tetraisostearate; polyglyceryl caprylate such as polyglyceryl-2 caprylate, polyglyceryl-3 caprylate, polyglyceryl-4 caprylate, polyglyceryl-6 caprylate, or polyglyceryl-10 caprylate; polyglyceryl dicaprylate such as polyglyceryl-5 dicaprylate; polyglyceryl sesquicaprylate such as polyglyceryl-2 sesquicapyrlate; polyglyceryl octacaprylate such as polyglyceryl-6 octacaprylate; polyglyceryl caprate such as polyglyceryl-2 caprate, polyglyceryl-3 caprate, polyglyceryl-4 caprate, polyglyceryl-5 caprate, polyglyceryl-6 caprate, polyglyceryl-10 caprate: polyglyceryl dicaprate such as polyglyceryl-3 dicaprate or polyglyceryl-6 dicaprate; polyglyceryl caprylate / caprate such as polyglyceryl-4 capyrlateicaprate, polyglyceryl-6 caprylate / caprate, or polyglyceryl-10 caprylate / caprate; polyglycerylpalmitate such as polyglyceryl-2 palmitate, polyglyceryl-3 palmitate, polyglyceryl-6 palmitate or polyglyceryl-10 palmitate; polyglyceryl dipalmitate such as polyglyceryl-6 dipalmitate or polyglyceryl-10 dipalmitate; polyglyceryl tetrabehenate such as polyglyceryl-6 tetrabehenate; polyglyceryl myristate such as polyglyceryl-6 myristate or polyglyceryl-10 myristate; polyglyceryl rincinoleate such as polyglyceryl-6 polyricinoleate or polyglyceryl-10 ricinoleate; other derivatives thereof, or mixtures thereof, and the like.

[0051] A variety of polyglyceryl esters in various forms may be used, specifically a polyglyceryl-10 laurate, polyglyceryl-10 decaoleate; polyglyceryl-3 monostearate; polyglyceryl-6 distearate, polyglyceryl-10 stearate; polyglyceryl-10 oleate; polyglyceryl-10 dipalmitate, polyglyceryl-10 caprylate / caprate, or mixtures thereof.

[0052] Polyglyceryl esters can be formulated in a wide range of HLB values. For instance, the HLB value of a polyglyceryl ester can be from about 3 to about 18, such as from about 6 to about 18. The composition of the present disclosure, for instance, can contain at least one polyglyceryl ester that has an HLB value of from about 10 to about 18, including all increments of 1 therebetween. For instance, at least one polyglyceryl ester present in the hair treatment composition can have an HLB of greater than about 14, such as greater than about 15, and less than about 18, such as less than about 17.

[0053] In addition to an emulsifier such as a polyglyceryl ester, the water phase of the anti-dandruff composition can contain one or more surfactants. In one aspect, the surfactant comprises an amphoteric or cationic surfactant. For example, in one embodiment, the surfactant can be an amphoteric surfactant that displays a positive charge at a lower pH.

[0054] In one aspect, the surfactant contained within the water phase can comprise an amine oxide. The amine oxide may be a trialkylamine oxide, an alkylcyclicamine oxide, a dialkylpiperazine di-N-oxide, an alkyldi(poly(oxyalkylene))amine oxide, a dialkylbenzylamine oxide, a fatty acylamidopropyldimethylamine oxide, a diamine dioxide; a triamine trioxide, or any combination of any of the foregoing.

[0055] Preferred trialkylamine oxides have the formula R1R2R3N-O, where R1is a linear, branched, cyclic or any combination thereof Csto C40 saturated orunsaturated group; and R2and R3independently are linear, branched, or any combination thereof Ci to C40 saturated or unsaturated groups. R1, R2, and R3independently may be alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl groups. More preferably, R1is a linear, branched, cyclic or any combination thereof Csto C22 saturated or unsaturated group, such as coco, hydrogenated tallow, soya, decyl, and hexadecyl; and R2and R3independently are linear, branched, or any combination thereof Ci to C22 saturated or unsaturated groups, such as coco, hydrogenated tallow (which is typically about 70-75% by weight of C18 alkyl, about 20-25% by weight of C16 alkyl, and traces of lower derivatives), soya, decyl, and hexadecyl.

[0056] A preferred trialkylamine oxide is a dialkylmethylamine oxide having the formula R1R2CH3N-O, where R1and R2are defined as above. Another preferred trialkylamine oxide is an alkyldimethylamine oxide having the formula R1(CH3)2N-0, where R1is defined as above. More preferred alkyldimethylamine oxides have the formula R19(CH3)2N-O, where R19is a linear or branched Cs-C alkyl.Preferably, R19is a linear or branched C10-C16 alkyl. Alkyldimethylamine oxides are non-toxic and non-mutagenic surfactants. Suitable alkyldimethylamine oxides include, but are not limited to, decyldimethylamine oxide, a cocoamine oxide such as cocodimethylamine oxide or dodecyldimethylamine oxide, a C10-C14 alkyldimethylamine oxide, hexadecyldimethylamine oxide, a C16-C18 alkyldimethylamine oxide, and any combination of any of the foregoing.

[0057] It was discovered that incorporating a surfactant into the emulsion, such as a cocoamine oxide surfactant, can increase the efficacy of the anti-dandruff agent when incorporated into a hair treatment composition, such as a shampoo.

[0058] When formulating the anti-dandruff composition as an emulsion, the emulsion can contain the oil phase in an amount from about 20% by weight to about 50% by weight, such as in an amount from about 35% by weight to about 45% by weight. The remainder of the emulsion can comprise the water phase.

[0059] The emulsion can contain the oily solvent in an amount greater than about 10% by weight, such as in an amount greater than about 15% by weight, such as in an amount greater than about 20% by weight, such as in an amount greater than about 25% by weight, and in an amount less than about 45% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 40% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 35% by weight. The cosolvent can be present in theemulsion in an amount greater than about 1% by weight, such as in an amount greater than about 2% by weight, such as in an amount greater than about 3% by weight, such as in an amount greater than about 4% by weight, and in an amount less than about 15% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 12% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 10% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 8% by weight. One or more anti-dandruff agents can be present in the emulsion in an amount greater than about 0.5% by weight, such as in an amount greater than about 1 % by weight, such as in an amount greater than about 2% by weight, such as in an amount greater than about 3% by weight, and in an amount less than about 15% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 12% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 10% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 8% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 6% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 4% by weight. One or more emulsifiers can be present in the emulsion in an amount greater than about 0.1 % by weight, such as in an amount greater than about 0.5% by weight, such as in an amount greater than about 0.8% by weight, and in an amount less than about 6% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 4% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 2% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 1.5% by weight. One or more surfactants can be present in the emulsion in an amount greater than about 0.1 % by weight, such as in an amount greater than about 0.5% by weight, such as in an amount greater than about 0.8% by weight, and in an amount less than about 5% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 4% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 3% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 2% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 1.5% by weight.

[0060] In general, the weight ratio between the one or more anti-dandruff agents and the cosolvent, such as oleic acid, elaidic acid and / or linoleic acid, can be from about 1 :1 to about 1:10, such as from about 1:1.1 to about 1 :3, such as from about 1 : 1.3 to about 1 :2.5.

[0061] The anti-dandruff composition of the present disclosure, whether solely an oil phase or an emulsion, can be incorporated into any suitable hair treatment composition, such as a shampoo. The anti-dandruff composition is incorporated into the hair treatment composition in an amount based upon the desired amountof one or more anti-dandruff agents that are to be present in the end use product. In accordance with the present disclosure, the amount of anti-dandruff agents incorporated into the product can be very low while still providing efficacies that are better than conventional anti-dandruff shampoos. For instance, the antidandruff composition can be incorporated into a hair treatment composition such that the amount of one or more anti-dandruff agents contained in the product is less than about 0.5% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 0.25% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 0.15% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 0.1% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 0.08% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 0.06% by weight. The end use product generally contains one or more anti-dandruff agents in an amount greater than about 0.001 % by weight.

[0062] The hair treatment composition, for instance, can include compositions that are applied to the hair and rinsed off or “leave-on” compositions that are intended to be applied and remain on the scalp of a user. Hair treatment compositions, for instance, include shampoos, conditioners, styling products, hair treatment products, hair colorants, and the like.

[0063] Depending upon the end use application, the hair treatment composition of the present disclosure can contain various components and ingredients in addition to the anti-dandruff composition. For instance, the hair treatment composition can contain lathering agents, conditioning agents, fragrances, pH adjustment agents, chelating agents, preservatives, antioxidants, moisturizing agents, coloring agents, hydrotropes, stabilizers, or mixtures thereof.

[0064] In one aspect, for instance, the hair treatment composition can contain at least one lathering agent, which can comprise a surfactant. The lathering agent or surfactant can be an anionic surfactant, a non-ionic surfactant, or a cationic surfactant. Suitable lathering agents include alkyl sulfates e.g. sodium lauryl sulfate, ammonium lauryl sulfate; sodium cetearyl sulfate; alkyl sulfoacetates e.g. sodium lauryl sulfoacetate; alkyl ether sulfates e.g. sodium laureth sulfate; sodium trideceth sulfate; sodium oleth sulfate; ammonium laureth sulfate; alkyl ether sulfosuccinates e.g. disodium laureth sulfosuccinate; alkyl glycosides e.g. decyl glucoside; lauryl glucoside; alkyl isethionates amphoterics e.g. cocam idopropyl betaine; sodium cocoamphoacetate; sodium lauroamphoacetate; disodiumlauroamphodiacetate; disodium cocoamphodiacetate; sodium lauroamphopripionate; disodium lauroamphodipropionate; potassium or ammonium salts of the aforementioned amphoterics; capryl / capramidopropyl betaine; methyl ester sulphonate; sodium cocoyl isethionate; sodium cocoyl glycinate; sodium cocoyl sarcosinate; a coco-sultaine; undecylenamidopropyl betaine; lauromidopropyl betaine; and fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers.

[0065] Examples of non-ionic lathering agents that can be incorporated into the hair treatment composition include, but are not limited to, alkyl(oligo)glycosides, fatty acid alkanolamides, amine oxides, alkyl polyglucosides, sorbitan esters, ethoxylated esters, polyethyelene glycol esters, polyoxyethylene fatty acid amides, ethoxylated derivatives, polyoxyethylene surfactants, polyoxyethylene sorbitan esters, combinations thereof, and the like.

[0066] Examples of alkyl(oligo)glycoside, include but are not limited to, caprylyl / capryl glucoside, decyl glucoside, lauryl glucoside and / or coco glucoside, mixtures thereof, and the like.

[0067] Examples of amine oxides include, but are not limited to, stearamido-propyldimethylamine, stearamidopropyldiethylamine, stearamidoethyldiethylamine, stearamidoethyldimethylamine, palmitamidopropyldimethylamine, palmitamidopropyl-diethylamine, palmitamidoethyldiethylamine, palmitamidoethyldimethylamine, behenamidopropyldimethyl-amine, behenamidopropyldiethylmine, behenamidoethyldiethyl-amine, behenamidoethyldimethylamine, arachidamidopropyl-dimethylamine, arachidam idopropyldiethylam ine, arachid-am idoethyldiethylam ine, arachidamidoethyldimethylamine or combinations thereof, and the like.

[0068] The lathering agent can also comprise a biosurfactant, such as sophorolipids, rhamnolipids, and the like.

[0069] In one aspect, the hair treatment composition can contain one or more emulsifiers. Suitable emulsifiers include anionics as salts of fatty acids e.g. sodium stearate or sodium palmitate, organic soaps e.g. mono-, di- or triethanolaminoeate, sulfated or sulfonated compounds e.g. sodium lauryl sulfate or sodium cetyl sulfonate, saponines, lamepones; cationics as quaternary ammonium salts; non-ionics as fatty alcohols, fatty acid ester with saturated or unsaturated fatty acids, polyoxyethylenesters or polyoxyethylenethers of fattyacids, polymers from ethylene oxide and propylene oxide or propylene glycol, amphotherics as phosphatides, proteins as gelatine, casein alkylamidobetaines, alkyl betaines and amphoglycinates, alkyl phosphates, alkylpolyoxyethylene phosphates or the corresponding acids, silicone derivatives, e.g. alkyl dimethiconecoplyol.

[0070] Suitable fatty alcohols that can be contained in the hair treatment composition include saturated, unsaturated, straight or branched chain fatty alcohols having a carbon chain length from about Cs-Cse carbon atoms. Typically, the fatty alcohol comprises a carbon chain length from about C10-C22 carbon atoms; or desirably a carbon chain length from about C14- C22 carbon atoms.

[0071] Examples of fatty alcohols include, but are not limited to, caprylic alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, capric alcohol, lauryl alcohol, isotridecyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, palmoleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, elaidyl alcohol, petroselinyl alcohol, linoyl alcohol, linolenyl alcohol, elaeostearyl alcohol, arachyl alcohol, gadoleyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, erucyl alcohol and brassidyl alcohol, or mixtures thereof, and the like. The water-soluble alcohols are preferred, such as ethanol, 1,2-propylene glycol, glycerol, sorbitol, benzyl alcohol and / or phenoxyethanol or mixtures thereof and the like.

[0072] Suitably, the fatty alcohol is a fatty alcohol selected from arachidyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, capric alcohol, capryl alcohol, ceryl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, cis4-t-butylcyclohexanol, decyl alcohol, dodecyl alcohol, erucyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, isocetyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, linalool, lignoceryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, pelargonic alcohol, palmitoleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, undecyl alcohol, or combinations thereof.

[0073] The hair treatment composition can also contain a conditioner. Suitable conditioners are e.g. alkylamido ammonium lactate, cetrimonium chloride and distearoylethyl hydroxyethylmonium methosulfate and cetearyl alcohol, cetyl dimethicone, cetyl ricinoleate, dimethicone, laureth-23, laureth-4, polydecene, retinyl palmitate, quaternized protein hydrolysates, quaternized cellulose and starch derivatives, distearyl phthalic acid amide, quaternized copolymers of acrylic or methacrylic acid or salts, quaternized silicone derivatives.

[0074] The hair treatment composition can also contain an emollient. Suitable emollients include cetearyl isononanoate, cetearyl octanoate, decyl oleate, isooctylstearate, coco caprylate / caprate, ethylhexyl hydroxystearate, ethylhexyl isononanoate, isopropyl isostearate, isopropyl myristate, oleyl oleate, hexyl laurate, paraffinum liquidum, PEG-75 lanolin, PEG-7 glyceryl cocoate, petrolatum, ozokerite cyclomethicone, dimethicone, dimethicone copolyol, dicaprylyl ether, butyrospermum parkii, buxus chinensis, canola, carnauba cera, copernicia cerifera, oenothera biennis, elaeis guineensis, prunus dulcis, squalane, zea mays, glycine soja, helianthus annuus, lanolin, hydrogenated castor oil, hydrogenated coconut oil, hydrogenated polyisobutene, sucrose cocoate, stearoxy dimethicone, lanolin alcohol, isohexadecane.

[0075] Suitable skin care ingredients for the hair treatment composition are e.g. plant extracts, bisabolol, anti-inflammatory agents, urea, allantoin, panthenol and panthenol derivatives, phytantriol, vitamins A, E, C, D, ceram ides of animal or plant origin, lecithins, and the like.

[0076] Suitable moisturizers for the hair treatment composition are e.g. butylenes glycol, cetyl alcohol, dimethicone, dimyristyl tartrate, glucose glycereth-26, glycerin, glyceryl stearate, hydrolyzed milk protein, lactic acid, lactose and other sugars, laureth-8, lecithin, octoxyglycerin, PEG-12, PEG 135, PEG-150, PEG-20, PEG-8, pentylene glycol, hexylene glycol, phytantriol, poly quaternium-39 PPG-20 methyl glucose ether, propylene glycol, sodium hyaluronate, sodium lactate, sodium PCA, sorbitol, succinoglycan, synthetic beeswax, tri-C14-15 alkyl citrate, starch.

[0077] Suitable thickeners for the hair treatment composition are e.g. acrylates / steareth-20 methacrylate copolymer, carbomer, carboxymethyl starch, cera alba, dimethicone / vinyl dimethicone crosspolymer, propylene glycol alginate, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, silica, silica dimethyl silylate, xanthan gum, hydrogenated butylenes / ethylene / styrene copolymer.

[0078] Suitable humectants for the hair treatment composition are e.g. adipic acid, fumaric acid and its salts, benzoic acid and its salts, glycerine triacetate, sodium or magnesium lauryl sulfate, magnesium stearate, solid polyethylenglycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, boric acid, mono-laurate or mono-palmitate, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, cetylstearyl alcohol, talcum, calcium or magnesium salts of higher fatty acids, mono-, di- or triglycerides of higher fatty acids, polytetrafluorethylene.

[0079] Suitable antioxidants for the hair treatment composition are e.g. sulfites, e.g. sodium sulfite, tocopherol or derivates thereof, ascorbic acid or derivates thereof, citric acid, propyl gallate, chitosan glycolate, cysteine, N-acetyl cysteine plus zinc sulfate, thiosulfates, e.g. sodium thiosulfate, polyphenols and the like.

[0080] The hair treatment composition may further contain active ingredients, e.g. antimicrobials, anti-inflammatories, plant extracts, bisabolol, panthenol, tocopherol, and the like. Other suitable actives are e.g. Medicago officinalis, Actinidia chinensis, allantoin, Aloe barbadensis, Anona cherimolia, Anthemis nobilis, Arachis hypogaea, Arnica Montana, Avena sativa, beta-carotene, bisabolol, Borago officinalis, butylenes glycol, Calendula officinalis, Camellia sinensis, camphor, capryloyl glycine, Carica papaya, Centaurea cyanus, cetylpyridinium chloride, Chamomilla recutita, Chenopodium quinoa, Chinchona succirubra, Chondrus crispus, Citrus aurantium dulcis, Citrus grandis, Citrus limonum, Cocos nucifera, Coffea Arabica, Crataegus monogina, Cucumis melo, dichlorophenyl imidazoldioxolan, Enteromorpha compressa, Equisetum arvense, ethoxydiglycol, ethyl panthenol, farnesol, ferulic acid, Fragaria chiloensis, Gentiana lutea, Ginkgo biloba, glycerin, glyceryl laurate, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Hamamelis virginiana, heliotropine, hydrogenated palm glycerides, citrates, hydrolyzed castor oil, hydrolyzed wheat protein, Hypericum perforatum, Iris florentina, Juniperus communis, Lactis proteinum, lactose, Lawsonia inermis, linalool, Linum usitatissimum, lysine, magnesium aspartate, Magnifera indica, Malva sylvestris, mannitol, Melaleuca alternifolia, Mentha piperita, menthol, menthyl lactate, Mimosa tenuiflora, Nymphaea alba, olaflur, Oryza sativa, panthenol, paraffinum liquidum, PEG-20M, PEG-26 jojoba acid, PEG-26 jojoba alcohol, PEG-35 castor oil, PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil, PEG-60 hydrogenated castor oil, PEG-8 caprylic / capric acid, Persea gratissima, petrolatum, potassium aspartate, potassium sorbate, propylene glycol, Prunus amygdalus dulcis, Prunus armeniaca, Prunus persica, retinyl palmitate, Ricinus communis, Rosa canina, Rosmarinus officinalis, Rubus idaeus, Sambucus nigra, sarcosine, Serenoa serrulata, Simmondsia chinensis, sodium carboxymethyl betaglucan, sodium cocoyl amino acids, sodium hyaluronate, sodium palmitoyl praline, stearoxytrimethylsilane, stearyl alcohol, sulfurized TEA-ricinoleate, talc, Thymus vulgaris, Tilia cordata, tocopherol,tocopheryl acetate, trideceth-9, triticum vulgare, tyrosine, undecylenoyl glycine, urea, Vaccinium myrtillus, valine, zinc oxide, zinc sulfate, and mixtures thereof.

[0081] The hair treatment composition may also contain a solvent. The solvent, for instance, can be an aqueous solvent or a non-aqueous solvent. Examples of solvents include, but are not limited to, water, aqueous alcohols, ammonia water, acid solutions, salt solutions, water-miscible organic solvents, polyhydroxy alcohols (such as glycerin, diglycerin, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, sorbitol, pantenol and sugar); urea, alpha-hydroxy acid and its salt; and low molecular weight polyethylene glycols with molecular weight less than 20,000; water soluble or dispersible polymers; or mixtures thereof; and the like.

[0082] The term “aqueous alcohol” herein, refers to saturated, unsaturated, straight or branched hydrocarbon chain having C2-C4 carbon atoms and at least one hydroxyl groups, wherein the hydrocarbon chain may optionally comprise one or several heteroatoms (such as oxygen or sulfur).

[0083] Examples of non-aqueous solvents include, but are not limited to, nonaqueous alcohols, univalent or polyvalent alcohols, alkanolamines, or glycol ethers, any substance immiscible in water, mixtures thereof, and the like.

[0084] The hair treatment composition can also contain one or more preservatives. Examples of preservatives include, but are not limited to, benzoic acid or salts thereof, benzyl alcohol, sorbic acid or salts thereof, parabens, dehydroacetic acid, bronopol, triclosan, imidazolidinyl urea, Polyaminopropyl Biguanide (PHMB), phenoxyethanol, hydantoins (i.e. DMDMH), isothiazolones, chlorhexidine, diazolidinyl urea, chlorphenesin, sodium hydroxymethylglycinate, benzethonoium chloride, ethylhexylglycerol, IPBC (iodopropynyl butylcarbamate), gluconolactone, potassium salts, natural acids, and the like.

[0085] Each of the different components described above can optionally be present and combined together depending upon the particular application and the desired result. Further, the amount of each component or ingredient can also vary. For example, lathering agents can be present in the hair treatment composition generally in an amount from about 0.001 % by weight to about 20% by weight, such as in an amount from about 0.01 % by weight to about 15% by weight, such as in an amount from about 0.1 % by weight to about 5% by weight. Emulsifiers and / or emollients can be present in the hair treatment composition generally in an amountfrom about 0.001 % by weight to about 12% by weight, such as in an amount from about 0.01 % by weight to about 5% by weight. Conditioners, moisturizing agents, and / or humectants can be present in the hair treatment composition generally in an amount from about 0.001 % by weight to about 15% by weight, such as from about 0.01 % by weight to about 12% by weight, such as from about 0.1 % by weight to about 8% by weight, such as from about 0.1 % by weight to about 5% by weight. One or more preservatives can be present in the hair treatment composition generally in an amount from about 0.001 % by weight to about 8% by weight, such as in an amount from about 0.01% by weight to about 5% by weight, such as in an amount from about 0.1 % by weight to about 1 % by weight. In addition to the anti-dandruff agent, one or more other actives can also be present in the hair treatment composition in an amount less than about 2% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 1% by weight, and in an amount greater than about 0.01% by weight, such as in an amount greater than about 0.1% by weight. Each of the above components, however, are optional.

[0086] In one aspect, the hair treatment composition can comprise a shampoo. The shampoo can contain one or more lathering agents, water, at least one preservative, at least one conditioner or conditioning agent, a fragrance, citric acid, and optionally natural extracts or oils. The lathering agents may comprise sodium lauryl sulfate and / or sodium laureth sulfate. The shampoo can also contain cocam idopropyl betaine, cocamide DEA, and / or cocam ide MEA. The conditioner or conditioning agent may comprise polyquaternium-10 and / or guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride. Natural extracts or oils that can be contained in the shampoo include aloe vera and / or tea tree oil.

[0087] The hair treatment composition, in addition to controlling dandruff, can be designed for cleansing and / or conditioning hair. In one aspect, the hair treatment composition can be applied to the hair of a mammal, such as a human. The hair treatment composition can be combined with water and massaged into the hair. After a period of time, the composition can be rinsed from the hair. After rinsing, the anti-dandruff agent of the present disclosure remains on the scalp of the user in a particularly effective way for controlling microbial growth.

[0088] The hair treatment composition can be in the form of a liquid, a gel, or a foam.

[0089] As described above, hair treatment compositions made according to the present disclosure show excellent efficacy against microorganisms that cause dandruff at very low concentrations of the anti-dandruff agent. For instance, antidandruff agents should be very effective against Malassezia species. For instance, hair treatment compositions made according to the present disclosure can display greater than about a 1.5 log reduction, such as greater than about a 2 log reduction, such as greater than about a 2.5 log reduction when tested against Malassezia furfur, ATCC 14521 according to ASTM Test E2315-16.

[0090] The anti-dandruff composition of the present disclosure when incorporated into a hair treatment composition can also display increased deposition amounts on the scalp.

[0091] The present disclosure may be better understood with reference to the following examples.Examples

[0092] Three commercially available shampoos were obtained containing at least 0.5% by weight piroctone olamine. A commercially available shampoo was also obtained not containing piroctone olamine. The shampoo not containing piroctone olamine was formulated into two shampoos made in accordance with the present disclosure by incorporating an anti-dandruff composition into the shampoo made in accordance with the present disclosure. In the two samples made according to the present disclosure, the concentration of piroctone olamine was 0.05% by weight (believed to be at least about 10 times less than the amount of piroctone olamine in the commercially available shampoos).

[0093] All of the above shampoo samples were then tested for efficacy against Malassezia furfur according to ASTM Test E2315-16, Standard Guide for Assessment of Anti-Microbial Activity Using a Time-Kill Procedure, Volume 11.05.

[0094] More particularly, the following samples were tested:Sample No. 1a: Commercially available shampoo not containing piroctone olamine was combined with an anti-dandruff composition made in accordance with the present disclosure. The anti-dandruff composition comprised an emulsion containing 1% by weight cocoamine oxide surfactant, 1 % by weight polyglyceryl ester emulsifier, 6% by weight oleicacid, 3.6% by weight piroctone olamine, 30.4% by weight sunflower seed oil, and 58% by weight water. The anti-dandruff composition was incorporated into the shampoo such that the resulting concentration of piroctone olamine was 0.05% by weight.Sample No. 1b: Commercially available shampoo not containing piroctone olamine was combined with an anti-dandruff composition made in accordance with the present disclosure. The anti-dandruff composition comprised an emulsion containing 1% by weight cocoamine oxide surfactant, 1 % by weight polyglyceryl ester emulsifier, 6% by weight elaidic acid, 3.6% by weight piroctone olamine, 30.4% by weight sunflower seed oil, and 58% by weight water. The anti-dandruff composition was incorporated into the shampoo such that the resulting concentration of piroctone olamine was 0.05% by weight.Sample No. 1c: Commercially available shampoo not containing piroctone olamine was combined with an anti-dandruff composition made in accordance with the present disclosure. The anti-dandruff composition comprised an emulsion containing 1% by weight cocoamine oxide surfactant, 1% by weight polyglyceryl ester emulsifier, 6% by weight linoleic acid, 3.6% by weight piroctone olamine, 30.4% by weight sunflower seed oil, and 58% by weight water. The anti-dandruff composition was incorporated into the shampoo such that the resulting concentration of piroctone olamine was 0.05% by weight.Sample No. 2: Commercially available shampoo not containing piroctone olamine was combined with an anti-dandruff composition made in accordance with the present disclosure. The anti-dandruff composition comprised an emulsion containing 2% by weight polyglyceryl ester emulsifier, 6% by weight oleic acid, 3.6% by weight piroctone olamine, 30.4% by weight sunflower seed oil, and 58% by weight water. The antidandruff composition was incorporated into the shampoo such that the resulting concentration of piroctone olamine was 0.05% by weight.Sample No. 3: Commercially available shampoo containing at least 0.5% by weight of piroctone olamine;Sample No. 4: Commercially available shampoo containing at least 0.5% by weight of piroctone olamine;Sample No. 5: Commercially available shampoo containing at least 0.5% by weight of piroctone olamine; andSample No. 6: Commercially available shampoo not containing piroctone olamine. This shampoo was used to produce Sample Nos. 1 and 2.Sample No. 7: The commercially available shampoo described in Sample No. 6, further comprising 0.05% by weight of piroctone olamine.

[0095] The results of the test are graphically illustrated in FIG. 1. As shown, Sample Nos. 1a and 2 showed greater efficacy against the dandruff-causing microorganism at a concentration of the anti-dandruff agent that was at least 10 times less. Sample No. 1a showed greater efficacy than Sample No. 2. This indicates that the added surfactant also increases efficacy.

[0096] A deposition test was also conducted on Samples No. 1a, 1b and 1c. For purposes of comparison, Sample No. 7 was also tested.

[0097] Deposition Test Procedure:1. 8 plates are placed in contact for 3 min with 40 g shampoo solution (diluted 2.5 times) + 0.0168 g piroctone olamine. For the control, the piroctone olamine was added alone. In a second experiment, the piroctone olamine was added as the anti-dandruff composition of Sample No. 1.2. The 8 plates were rinsed with water and placed in 10 g of ethanol. 3. The ethanol solution was measured by means of UV-VIS spectroscopy and the piroctone olamine concentration was determined (from calibration curve) and the amount was calculated.4. The amount of piroctone olamine was divided by the surface area of the 8 plates which is 57.6 cm2 which provided a result in amount per area.

[0098] The following results were obtained:These and other modifications and variations to the present invention may be practiced by those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which is more particularly set forth in the appended claims. In addition, it should be understood that aspects of the various embodiments may be interchanged both in whole or in part. Furthermore, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the foregoing description is by way of example only and is not intended to limit the invention so further described in such appended claims.

Claims

What Is Claimed:

1. An anti-dandruff composition comprising:an anti-dandruff agent;a solvent for the anti-dandruff agent comprising at least one triglyceride; and a cosolvent comprising at least one fatty acid, the at least one fatty acid having a carbon chain length of from about 10 carbon atoms to about 40 carbon atoms, and wherein the anti-dandruff agent is solubilized in the solvent for forming an oil phase.

2. An anti-dandruff composition as defined in claim 1 , wherein the antidandruff composition comprises an emulsion, the anti-dandruff agent, the solvent, and the cosolvent comprising an oil phase, the emulsion further comprising a water phase comprising a surfactant.

3. An anti-dandruff composition as defined in claim 2, wherein the surfactant comprises a cationic or amphoteric surfactant.

4. An anti-dandruff composition as defined in claim 2, wherein the surfactant comprises an amine oxide.

5. An anti-dandruff composition as defined in claim 4, wherein the amine oxide comprises a cocoamine oxide.

6. An anti-dandruff composition as defined in any of claims 2 through 5, wherein the composition further comprises an emulsifier.

7. An anti-dandruff composition as defined in claim 6, wherein the emulsifier comprises a polyglycerol ester.

8. An anti-dandruff composition as defined in claim 7, wherein the polyglyceryl ester comprises a reaction product of (a) a polyglycerol component containing from 2 to 12 molecules of glycerol, based on an average, and (b) a fatty acid comprising caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, cerotic acid, oleic acid, or mixtures thereof.

9. An anti-dandruff composition as defined in claim 7, wherein the polyglyceryl ester comprises a polyglyceryl laurate, a polyglyceryl caprylate / caprate or mixtures thereof.

10. An anti-dandruff composition as defined in claim 7, wherein the polyglyceryl ester comprises polyglyceryl-10 laurate, polyglyceryl-10 decaoleate;polyglyceryl-3 monostearate; polyglyceryl-6 distearate, polyglyceryl-10 stearate; polyglyceryl-10 dipalmitate, polyglyceryl-10 caprylate / caprate or mixtures thereof.

11. An anti-dandruff composition as defined in claim 1 , wherein the antidandruff agent comprises piroctone olamine.

12. An anti-dandruff composition as defined in claim 1 , wherein the antidandruff agent comprises climbazole, ketoconazole, tar, or mixtures thereof.

13. An anti-dandruff composition as defined in any of the preceding claims, wherein the cosolvent comprises an unsaturated fatty acid, such as a monounsaturated fatty acid, a diunsaturated fatty acid, or a triunsaturated fatty acid.

14. An anti-dandruff composition as defined in any of the preceding claims, wherein the cosolvent comprises oleic acid.

15. An anti-dandruff composition as defined in any of claims 1 -13, wherein the cosolvent comprises elaidic acid and / or linoleic acid.

16. An anti-dandruff composition as defined in any of the preceding claims, wherein the solvent comprises a vegetable oil.

17. An anti-dandruff composition as defined in claim 1 , wherein the solvent comprises cottonseed oil, sunflower oil, sweet almond oil, soybean oil, or mixtures thereof.

18. An anti-dandruff composition as defined in any of claims 6 through 12, wherein the anti-dandruff agent is present in the anti-dandruff composition in an amount of from about 0.5% by weight to about 15% by weight, such as in an amount of from about 1% by weight to about 12% by weight, the solvent is present in the anti-dandruff composition in an amount from about 10% by weight to about 50% by weight, such as in an amount of from about 20% by weight to about 40% by weight, the cosolvent is present in the anti-dandruff composition in an amount of from about 1 % by weight to about 15% by weight, such as in an amount of from about 3% by weight to about 10% by weight, the surfactant is present in the anti-dandruff composition in an amount of from about 0.1 % by weight to about 5% by weight, such as in an amount of from about 0.5% by weight to about 2% by weight, and the emulsifier is present in the anti-dandruff composition in an amount of from about 0.1 % by weight to about 6% by weight, such as in an amount of from about 0.5% by weight to about 3% by weight.

19. An anti-dandruff composition as defined in any of the preceding claims, wherein the anti-dandruff agent and the cosolvent are present in the antidandruff composition at a weight ratio of from about 1 :1 to about 1:10, such as from about 1:1.1 to about 1 :3.

20. An anti-dandruff composition as defined in any of the preceding claims, wherein the composition further comprises a cosurfactant, the cosurfactant comprising ethylene glycol caprylate, propylene glycol caprylate, or mixtures thereof.

21. An anti-dandruff composition as defined in any of the preceding claims, wherein the composition further comprises an antioxidant, the antioxidant comprising vitamin E.

22. A shampoo comprising:at least one lathering agent;an anti-dandruff composition comprising an emulsion, the emulsion including an oil phase and a water phase, the oil phase comprising an antidandruff agent, a solvent for the anti-dandruff agent comprising at least one triglyceride, and a cosolvent comprising at least one fatty acid, the at least one fatty acid having a carbon chain length of from about 10 carbon atoms to about 40 carbon atoms, the water phase comprising an emulsifier and a surfactant.

23. A shampoo as defined in claim 22, further comprising an additive selected from conditioning agents, fragrances, pH adjustment agents, chelating agents, hydrotropes, preservatives, antioxidants, moisturizing agents, coloring agents, stabilizers, or mixtures thereof.

24. A shampoo as defined in claim 22, wherein the at least one lathering agent comprises sodium laureth sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, cocam idopropyl betaine, cocamide monoethanolamine, a sophorolipid, a rhamnolipid, a methyl ester sulphonate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, sodium cocoyl glycinate, disodium cocoamphodiacetate, sodium cocoyl sarcosinate, a coco-sultaine, or mixtures thereof.

25. A shampoo as defined in claim 23, wherein the additive comprises the moisturizing agent, the moisturizing agent comprising a silicone, such as dimethiconal, dimethicone, Bis-aminopropyl dimethicone, amodimethicon, or mixtures thereof.

26. A shampoo as defined in claim 23, wherein the additive comprises a the preservative, the preservative comprising gluconolactone, sodium benzoate or mixtures thereof.

27. A shampoo as defined in claim 23, wherein the additive comprises the chelating agent.

28. A shampoo as defined in claim 23, wherein the additive comprises the conditioning agent.

29. A shampoo as defined in claim 28, wherein the conditioning agent comprises behentrimonium methosulfate, glycerin, guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, or mixtures thereof.

30. A shampoo as defined in claim 22, wherein the anti-dandruff agent comprises piroctone olamine.

31. A shampoo as defined in claim 22, wherein the anti-dandruff agent comprises climbazole, ketoconazole, tar, or mixtures thereof.

32. A shampoo as defined in claim 22, wherein the cosolvent comprises an unsaturated fatty acid, such as a monounsaturated fatty acid.

33. A shampoo as defined in claim 22, wherein the cosolvent comprises oleic acid, elaidic acid, linoleic acid, or mixtures thereof.

34. A shampoo as defined in claim 22, wherein the solvent comprises a vegetable oil.

35. A shampoo as defined in claim 22, wherein the solvent comprises cottonseed oil, sunflower oil, or mixtures thereof.

36. A shampoo as defined in any of claims 22 through 35, wherein the anti-dandruff agent is present in the shampoo in an amount less than about 0.5% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 0.25% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 0.15% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 0.1% by weight, such as in an amount less than about 0.08% by weight.

37. A shampoo as defined in any of claims 22 through 36, wherein the shampoo further comprises a cosurfactant, the cosurfactant comprising ethylene glycol caprylate, propylene glycol caprylate, or mixtures thereof.

38. A shampoo as defined in any of claims 22 through 37, wherein the shampoo further comprises an antioxidant, the antioxidant comprising vitamin E.

39. A method for cleansing and conditioning hair, said method comprising applying an effective amount of the shampoo as defined in any of claims 22 through 38 to the hair, massaging the composition in the hair, and rinsing the hair after a period of time.

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