Method and device for measuring a physical parameter of an engine
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SAFRAN HELICOPTER ENGINES
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-06
Smart Images
Figure FR2026050062_06082026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
Title: Method and device for measuring a physical parameter of an engine. Technical field.
[0001] The present invention relates to a method and device for measuring a physical parameter of an engine. It also relates to a method for calibrating a sensor for measuring this physical parameter, an aircraft, and a computer program. The present invention finds a particularly advantageous, though not limiting, application in measuring the torque of an aircraft engine. Previous technique
[0002] The present invention relates, in particular, to the measurement of aircraft engine torque by the engine control unit. To measure engine torque, it is known to use a torsional torque meter. The engine is equipped with a torsional shaft, and the angular deformation of this shaft represents the engine torque.
[0003] However, the angular deformation of the torsional shaft depends on the shaft's characteristics, particularly its stiffness. Therefore, it is necessary to perform a calibration (or conformation) of the torque meter on the test bench for each engine upon delivery. During engine testing, calibration parameters (also called "conformance coefficients") are determined to adapt the torque measurement law integrated into the engine control unit (ECU) to the characteristics of the torque meter used. These calibration parameters correct the raw measurement provided by the torsional torque meter, so that the torque measurement, once corrected by the ECU, is equal to the torque measurement taken by a reference device (within the measurement accuracy).As an example, calibration parameters may include a slope coefficient a (also called "conformation slope"), a bias d (or "offset"), and potentially a temperature correction coefficient c.
[0004] It is important to note that before using the calibration parameters in the ECU to configure its torque measurement law, verification tests can be performed on these parameters to ensure the validity of the torque meter. Specifically, the torque measurement law integrated into the ECU software is defined so that the slope α is close to 1, meaning that the raw torque measurement provided by the torque meter is relatively close to the torque measurement provided by the reference device. During engine testing, it is therefore possible to verify that the slope α is close to 1 to ensure the validity of the torque meter.
[0005] However, the characteristics of a torque meter can vary considerably from one type of torque meter to another (i.e., from one torque meter configuration to another). This is particularly true when the material used for the torsional shaft differs between two torque meters (the stiffness of the torsional shaft being different, for example, between a titanium shaft and a steel shaft). To ensure that the verification tests performed on the calibration parameters remain the same (e.g., that the slope is close to 1), a known practice is to redefine (reprogram) the torque measurement law integrated into the engine control unit's software. For each type of torque meter used, dedicated software must be integrated into the engine control unit.On the scale of an entire fleet of aircraft, it can prove particularly complex to deploy as many dedicated software programs in the computers as there are different types of torque meters used.
[0006] Therefore, there is a need for a solution that can measure motor torque while being compatible with several types of torque meters (i.e., capable of handling several different torque meter configurations). More generally, there is a need for a physical parameter measurement of a motor that is compatible with several different types of sensors, without requiring the deployment of multiple different software configurations. Description of the invention
[0007] The present invention aims to remedy all or part of the drawbacks of the prior art, in particular those previously described.
[0008] According to one aspect of the invention, a method is proposed implemented by a device configured to measure a physical parameter of an engine using a sensor, this method comprising the following steps implemented by computer: an adaptation of a measurement law of the physical parameter according to a type of sensor used among several predetermined sensor types, this adaptation including: o obtaining one or more calibration parameters and a verification code for said one or more calibration parameters (e.g., provided by a system external to the device), o a verification of the verification code of said one or more calibration parameters, o a configuration of the measurement law from said one or more calibration parameters and according to the verification code, the verification code being representative of the type of sensor used (the verification code being calculated from said one or more calibration parameters and according to the type of sensor used).
[0009] In the context of the invention, we use the following terminology:
[0010] The term "measurement law" refers to the function (the relationship) used by the device to determine the physical parameter of the motor from the raw measurements provided by the sensor. It includes, in particular, a measurement correction, that is, a function that takes as input the raw measurements acquired by the sensor and provides as output corrected (conformed) measurements using the calibration parameters.
[0011] Correspondingly, we mean by "calibration parameters" parameters used to define the measurement law of the physical parameter and determined during the calibration of the sensor used to measure that parameter.
[0012] The term "verification code" refers to an element calculated from the calibration parameters, allowing verification of the integrity of these parameters. This can notably be a checksum.
[0013] The present invention offers the following advantages:
[0014] It proposes using the calibration parameter verification code, already commonly used for standard integrity checks, to automatically adapt the measurement law of the engine's physical parameter based on the type of sensor used. For example, the torque measurement law integrated into an aircraft engine control unit can thus be adapted according to the configuration of the torque meter used (e.g., titanium or steel torsion shaft), using the calibration parameter verification code.
[0015] The verification code serves a dual purpose in the proposed solution. In addition to its usual function of verifying the integrity of the calibration parameters, the verification code is used here to adapt the measurement law according to the type of sensor used. In the proposed solution, the verification code is calculated not only from the calibration parameters but also based on the type of sensor used (i.e., depending on the sensor's configuration and characteristics). This code is thus representative of the type of sensor used. For example, verification codes calculated for different types of torque meters may belong to distinct value ranges. For a given torque meter, the verification code for the calibration parameters allows the device (e.g., the controller) to determine which type of sensor is being used and adapt its measurement law accordingly.
[0016] Advantageously, the proposed solution requires no modification to the device interface (e.g., the computer interface), since it uses the calibration parameter verification code to adapt the measurement law. In other words, the proposed solution does not require defining and configuring additional parameters to adapt the device's measurement law to the sensor used.
[0017] Unlike existing solutions, it is not necessary to deploy as many dedicated software programs in the ECUs as there are different types of torque sensors. Deploying the proposed solution within an aircraft fleet is independent of the sensors used, as it can manage various sensor types. Deployment of the proposed solution is therefore particularly easy. For example, the same software can be loaded into several engine control ECUs that use torque sensors with different configurations.
[0018] Since the proposed solution is compatible with different sensor configurations, it is not necessary to redefine the measurement law integrated into the device (e.g., the controller) for each sensor type—unlike existing solutions. Furthermore, the proposed solution advantageously allows the use of the same calibration parameter verification tests (e.g., slope a close to 1) regardless of the sensor configuration used. This will be explained in more detail below.
[0019] For all these reasons, the present invention provides a solution for measuring a physical parameter of an engine that is compatible with several types of sensors (i.e., capable of handling several different sensor configurations).
[0020] According to one embodiment, the measurement law configuration (implemented according to the calibration parameter verification code) includes: a comparison of the verification code obtained with several codes respectively calculated from said one or more calibration parameters for the different predetermined sensor types (i.e., for different sensor configurations), and a definition of one or more parameters of the measurement law based on said one or more calibration parameters and according to the result of the comparison.
[0021] We remind you that the verification code is representative of the type of sensor used to measure the physical parameter of the motor (e.g., motor torque).
[0022] This code therefore allows the measurement law to be adapted according to the type of sensor used (e.g., a torque meter with a steel or titanium torsion shaft). To do this, this embodiment proposes comparing the verification code with several codes obtained for different types of sensors, and then, based on the result of the comparison, defining the parameters of the measurement law.
[0023] This embodiment thus provides a solution for adapting the measurement law according to the type of sensor used, while ensuring minimal implementation complexity. It therefore provides a solution for measuring the motor's physical parameter that is compatible with different types of sensors and with minimal implementation complexity.
[0024] According to one embodiment, the definition of said one or more parameters of the measurement law is characterized in that: if the verification code corresponds to the code calculated for a first type of sensor: o said one or more calibration parameters (e.g., provided to the computer) are defined as parameters of the measurement law, and if the verification code matches the code calculated for a second type of sensor: at least one of the calibration parameters (e.g., the slope provided to the computer) is modified by applying a predetermined function, and o said at least one modified calibration parameter is defined as a parameter of the measurement law.
[0025] In this embodiment, we distinguish: i) the calibration parameters provided at the end of the calibration (e.g., a slope coefficient a), and ii) the parameters of the measurement law (e.g., a slope coefficient aO), these being able to be different in the case of a sensor of the second type.
[0026] This implementation method offers the following advantages:
[0027] Firstly, it provides a solution to adapt the measurement law according to the type of sensor used with minimal implementation complexity.
[0028] Secondly, this embodiment advantageously allows for verifying the validity of a sensor by using the same tests for different types of sensors. Unlike existing solutions, it is not necessary to redefine (reprogram) the torque measurement law integrated into the device for each type of sensor.
[0029] This second advantage stems from the fact that the predetermined function (denoted λ -1(hereinafter) is the inverse of a function (denoted λ hereafter) defined such that the calibration parameter (e.g., the slope a) belongs to the same predetermined range of values for different types of sensors. Thus, at least one of the calibration parameters (e.g., the slope a), provided after calibration, belongs to the same range of values allowed for the different types of sensors. Even if the corresponding parameter of the measurement law (e.g., the slope a0) varies considerably from one type of sensor to another, the calibration parameter provided after calibration (e.g., the slope a) belongs to the same range of values allowed for the different types of sensors (e.g., close to 1). This makes it possible to perform the same verification tests for different types of sensors (e.g., the slope a is close to 1).Regardless of the sensor configuration used, the verification tests do not need to be modified.
[0030] According to one embodiment, the verification of the verification code for said one or more calibration parameters includes: a comparison of the verification code with several codes respectively calculated from said one or more calibration parameters for the different predetermined sensor types, and if the verification code does not match one of the calculated codes, or if the verification code matches several of the calculated codes, a fault declaration.
[0031] This embodiment helps ensure the reliability of the device (e.g., the control unit) used to measure the engine's physical parameter. Verification code checks the integrity of the calibration parameters used. It should be noted that the proposed solution can handle different sensor configurations, and consequently, the verification code check takes into account the various possible sensor configurations. This embodiment thus provides a reliable solution for measuring the engine's physical parameter and is compatible with different types of sensors.
[0032] According to one embodiment, the proposed process comprises: one or more measurements of the engine's physical parameter using the pre-configured measurement law, each measurement comprising: o obtaining a raw measurement of the physical parameter acquired by the sensor, and o correcting the raw measurement of the physical parameter using the previously configured measurement law.
[0033] This embodiment involves using the measurement law to effectively measure the engine's physical parameter (e.g., its torque). It is important to note that the measurement law is the one previously configured (e.g., when the ECU is powered on) according to the type of sensor used (e.g., a torque meter with a titanium or steel torsion shaft). The raw measurements acquired by the sensor and supplied to the device are thus corrected using the measurement law adapted to the sensor. This embodiment therefore contributes to accurately measuring the engine's physical parameter.
[0034] According to another aspect of the invention, a method is proposed for calibrating a sensor intended to be used to measure a physical parameter of an engine, this method comprising: a determination of one or more calibration parameters to be provided depending on a type of sensor (Le., depending on its configuration) among several predetermined sensor types, a calculation of a verification code based on one or more calibration parameters and depending on the type of sensor (Le., depending on its configuration) among the predetermined sensor types, a provision of the determined calibration parameters and the calculated verification code (e.g., loading into an aircraft memory).
[0035] The method proposed here for calibrating the sensor has the advantages described above in relation to the method proposed for measuring the physical parameter of the motor.
[0036] In particular, the proposed calibration method for the sensor (e.g., the torque meter) used to measure the engine's physical parameter (e.g., its torque) allows the measuring device (e.g., the control unit) to be configured so that it is compatible with several types of sensors (e.g., multiple sensor configurations). In the proposed calibration method, the verification code for the calibration parameters is calculated based on the type of sensor used from among the various possible sensor types. This code is representative of the sensor type used and allows the measuring device to adapt its measurement law accordingly.
[0037] According to one embodiment, the proposed calibration process comprises: a calibration of the sensor to determine one or more initial calibration parameters.
[0038] And, in this embodiment, the determination of said one or more calibration parameters to be provided is characterized in that (Le., comprises): if the sensor is a sensor of the first type: where one or more of these initial parameters are defined as calibration parameters to be provided, and if the sensor is a second type sensor: or at least one of said initial parameters is modified by applying a function, this function being defined so that the calibration parameter to be provided belongs to the same predetermined range of values for the different predetermined sensor types (Le., the first type and the second type), and o said at least one modified initial parameter is defined as a calibration parameter to be provided.
[0039] This embodiment is particularly advantageous because it allows the validity of the calibration parameters to be verified independently of the sensor type used. Even if the initial parameter (e.g., the slope aO) determined during sensor calibration varies considerably from one sensor type to another, the calibration parameter to be provided after calibration (e.g., the slope a) belongs to the same range of values allowed for the different sensor types (e.g., close to 1). This makes it possible to perform the same verification tests for different sensor types (e.g., the slope a is close to 1).
[0040] According to one embodiment, the proposed calibration process comprises: a verification of at least one of said calibration parameters, this verification comprising: o a comparison of this calibration parameter with a predetermined range of values, this range of values being independent of the type of sensor, and or if this calibration parameter is not within the predetermined range of values, a fault declaration.
[0041] Verifying the calibration parameters, determined during the engine test, allows for a validation of the sensor used. This verification can be performed for all or some of the calibration parameters to be provided. For example, it can focus only on the slope coefficient 'a', or on all calibration parameters 'a', 'b', and 'c'.
[0042] The proposed solution offers the advantage of verifying the validity of calibration parameters regardless of the type of sensor used. In other words, whatever the sensor configuration, the verification tests do not need to be modified.
[0043] According to another aspect of the invention, a method is proposed comprising: the steps of a method, according to the invention, for calibrating a sensor intended to be used to measure a physical parameter of an engine, and the steps of a method, according to the invention, implemented by a device configured to measure the physical parameter of the engine using the calibrated sensor.
[0044] The method proposed here has the advantages described above in relation to the methods proposed for calibrating the sensor and for measuring the physical parameter.
[0045] According to one embodiment, the measured physical parameter is a motor torque.
[0046] According to one embodiment, the sensor used to measure the motor torque is a torsional torque meter.
[0047] According to one embodiment, a said type corresponds to (i.e., characterizes) a material of the torque meter's torsion shaft, different types corresponding to different materials for the torque meter's torsion shaft.
[0048] These embodiments provide a solution for measuring the torque of an engine (e.g., an aircraft engine) which is compatible with different torque meter configurations, and which thus allows for accurate measurement of the engine torque.
[0049] However, the present invention is not limited to measuring motor torque. Other embodiments could be considered in which other physical parameters of a motor are measured (e.g., motor temperature) or other sensors are used.
[0050] According to another aspect of the invention, a device is proposed that is configured to measure a physical parameter of an engine using a sensor, this device being configured to: adapting a measurement law for the physical parameter according to a type of sensor used from among several predetermined sensor types, this adaptation including: o obtaining one or more calibration parameters and a verification code for said one or more calibration parameters, o a verification of the verification code of said one or more calibration parameters, o a configuration of the measurement law from said one or more calibration parameters and according to the verification code, the verification code being representative of the type of sensor used (the verification code being calculated from said one or more calibration parameters and according to the type of sensor used).
[0051] According to one embodiment, the proposed device is configured to implement all or part of the steps of a process, according to the invention, to measure the physical parameter.
[0052] According to one embodiment, said one or more calibration parameters and the verification code are obtained by implementing a calibration process according to the invention.
[0053] According to another aspect of the invention, a measurement system is proposed comprising: a sensor configured to acquire a measurement of a physical parameter of a motor, and a device, according to the invention, configured to measure the physical parameter of the motor using the sensor.
[0054] According to another aspect of the invention, an aircraft is proposed comprising: an engine equipped with a sensor configured to acquire a measurement of a physical parameter of the engine, and a device, according to the invention, configured to measure the physical parameter of the engine using the sensor.
[0055] According to one aspect of the invention, a computer program product is proposed comprising instructions for implementing steps of a process according to the invention, when the computer program is executed by at least one processor or computer.
[0056] A computer program product can consist of one or more sub-parts stored in the same memory or in separate memories. The program can use any programming language and be in the form of source code, object code, or code intermediate between source and object code, such as in a partially compiled form, or in any other desirable form.
[0057] According to one aspect of the invention, a computer-readable information carrier is proposed, comprising a computer program conforming to the invention.
[0058] The information carrier can be any entity or device capable of storing the program. For example, the carrier can include a storage means, such as non-volatile memory or ROM, for example a CD-ROM or a microelectronic circuit ROM, or a magnetic recording means, for example a floppy disk or a hard disk drive. Alternatively, the storage carrier can be a transmissible medium such as an electrical or optical signal, which can be transmitted via an electrical or optical cable, by radio, by a telecommunications network, by a computer network, or by other means. The program according to the invention can, in particular, be uploaded to a computer network. Alternatively, the information carrier can be an integrated circuit in which the program is incorporated, the circuit being adapted to execute or to be used in the execution of the process in question.
[0059] The proposed device, system, aircraft, computer program and information medium have the advantages described above in connection with the proposed processes. Brief description of the drawings
[0060] Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the description provided below, illustrating embodiments of the invention given by way of example and without any limiting character, with reference to the accompanying drawings:
[0061] Figure 1 represents an example of an aircraft architecture including an engine and a device for measuring a physical parameter of the engine.
[0062] Figure 2 represents an example of the architecture of a test bench for calibrating a sensor intended to measure a physical parameter of an engine according to an embodiment of the invention,
[0063] Figures 3 and 4 represent steps in a calibration process for a sensor used to measure a physical parameter of an engine according to embodiments of the invention,
[0064] Figures 5 to 8 represent steps in a process for measuring a physical parameter of an engine using a sensor according to embodiments of the invention, and
[0065] Figure 9 represents an example of the hardware architecture of a device configured to measure a physical parameter of an engine according to an embodiment of the invention. Description of the implementation methods
[0066] The embodiments of the present invention provide a solution for measuring a physical parameter of an engine that is compatible with several types of sensors (i.e., capable of handling different sensor configurations). The present invention applies, in particular, to the implementation of an engine control unit configured to measure the torque of an aircraft engine using a torsional torque meter.
[0067] The following description of the invention will refer to this particular application context, which is given only by way of illustration and should not limit the invention. The invention applies to devices other than an engine control unit, to physical parameters of an engine other than engine torque (e.g., engine temperature, or even other physical parameters of the aircraft), and to sensors other than a torque meter.
[0068] In general, the present invention could be applied to any measurement dependent on the characteristics of the measurement system (i.e., the configuration of the measurement system), and which therefore requires calibration of one or more elements of the measurement chain to configure the associated measurement law. As detailed below, the present invention makes it possible to automatically detect the configuration of the measurement system and adapt the measurement law accordingly, thus enabling the management of multiple configurations of the measurement system.
[0069] Figure 1 represents an example of an aircraft architecture comprising an engine and a device for measuring a physical parameter of the engine according to an embodiment of the invention.
[0070] This figure is described below to introduce the present invention and exemplify an application context for it.
[0071] The AC aircraft illustrated in Figure 1 comprises an ENG engine equipped with a SENS sensor. In the context of the invention, the term "aircraft" refers to any device capable of rising and moving through the air, such as an airplane, a helicopter, a drone, etc.
[0072] The FADEC device is configured to measure a physical parameter PRM of the ENG engine using the SENS sensor. In the embodiments described below (and not limiting), the FADEC device is an ENG engine control unit configured to measure the PRM torque of the ENG engine.
[0073] The SENS sensor is configured to acquire raw measurements of the ENG motor's PRM physical parameter. The SENS sensor can be integrated into the ENG motor. In the embodiments described below (which are not exhaustive), the SENS sensor is a torsional torque meter configured to acquire raw measurements of the ENG motor's PRM torque.
[0074] At the scale of an AC aircraft fleet, different types of SENS torque meters can be used to measure engine torque PRM. For example, torque meters with a titanium torsion shaft and torque meters with a steel torsion shaft can be used. Therefore, we describe below the proposed solution for measuring engine torque PRM while being compatible with several types of SENS torque meters.
[0075] Firstly, we describe the proposed method S100 for calibrating the SENS sensor with reference to figures 2 to 4. And, secondly, we describe the proposed method S200 for measuring the motor torque PRM using the SENS sensor with reference to figures 5 to 8.
[0076] Figure 2 represents an example of the architecture of a test bench used to calibrate a sensor intended to measure a physical parameter of an engine according to an embodiment of the invention.
[0077] This figure is described below to introduce the calibration principle of the SENS sensor. Next, the proposed S100 calibration procedure will be detailed with reference to figures 3 and 4.
[0078] As previously mentioned, the AC aircraft's ENG engine is equipped with a SENS torque meter, and the angular deformation of the SENS torque meter shaft reflects the engine's PRM torque. However, the shaft's angular deformation depends on its characteristics, particularly its stiffness, which is related to the material used for the torsion shaft. Therefore, the SENS torque meter is calibrated upon receipt of the ENG engine using a TBD test bench and a CAL calibration device.
[0079] During this test, calibration parameters are determined to adapt the torque measurement law (hereafter denoted cp) integrated into the FADEC device to the characteristics of the SENS torque meter. These calibration parameters correct the raw PRM torque measurement provided by the SENS torque meter, so that the corrected PRM torque measurement is as close as possible to the PRM_REF torque measurement performed by a reference device REF.
[0080] As an example, calibration parameters may include a slope a, a bias b (or "offset" in English), and potentially a temperature correction coefficient c. Thus, the raw measurement Tacquise by the torque meter can be corrected by the measurement law φ to obtain a corrected measurement T', using the expression: T'= a × T + b + c × τ (with T the temperature).
[0081] The calibration parameters are also used (before being supplied to the FADEC device) to perform verification tests and ensure the validity of the torque meter. In particular, the torque measurement law cp (integrated into the FADEC device software) is defined so that the coefficient a is close to 1. It is therefore possible to verify the validity of the SENS torque meter by ensuring, during the engine test, that the coefficient a is close to 1.
[0082] However, the characteristics of a SENS torque meter can vary considerably from one type to another. To maintain consistent verification tests on calibration parameters (e.g., the coefficient α is close to 1), existing solutions propose redefining (or reprogramming) the torque measurement law cp integrated into the FADEC device software. For each type of SENS torque meter used, dedicated software is then integrated into the FADEC device.
[0083] Unlike existing solutions, the proposed solution is particularly advantageous in that it allows the validity of the SENS torque meter to be verified using the same tests for different types of SENS torque meters.
[0084] We explain this advantage below by detailing the proposed S100 calibration method for the SENS torque meter with reference to the following figure.
[0085] Figure 3 represents steps in a calibration process for a sensor used to measure a physical parameter of an engine according to an embodiment of the invention.
[0086] More specifically, this figure presents the proposed S100 procedure for calibrating the SENS torque meter during an engine test on the TBD bench in Figure 2.
[0087] As illustrated in this figure, the proposed calibration procedure S100 includes (in whole or in part) the steps S110 to S150 described below. These can be implemented by the CAL calibration device, particularly upon engine receipt or following repair.
[0088] At step S110, the SENS torque meter is calibrated to obtain initial parameters aO, bO, cO. These are the parameters which will ultimately be used by the torque measurement law cp of the FADEC device to correct the raw measurements provided by the SENS torque meter.
[0089] These parameters a0, b0, c0 are determined so that the measurement of the PRM torque once corrected is equal to the measurement of the PRM_REF torque carried out by a reference device REF (to within the measurement accuracy).
[0090] We denote by T the raw measurement acquired by the torque meter, T' the measurement corrected by the measurement law φ using the expression T' = a0 × T + b0 + c0 × τ, and T_ref the reference measurement. Then, the parameters a0, b0, c0 are determined such that T' = T ref (within the measurement accuracy).
[0091] In step S120, calibration parameters a, b, are determined from the initial parameters aO, bO, cO depending on the type of torque meter used (SENS). These parameters a, b, c will be provided after calibration S100.
[0092] According to one embodiment, if the SENS torque meter is a sensor of a first type (e.g., torque meter with a titanium torsion shaft), then the initial parameters a0, b0, c0 are defined as the calibration parameters a, b, c to be provided (i.e., a=a0, b=b0, c=c0).
[0093] And, if the SENS torque meter is a second type of sensor (e.g., a torque meter with a steel torsion shaft), then the parameters b0, c0 are defined as the calibration parameters b, c to be supplied (Le., b=b0, c=c0). However, the initial slope a0 is modified by applying a function λ to obtain the slope a to be supplied (i.e., a= λ(a0).
[0094] The function A is defined such that the slope a (to be provided after calibration) belongs to the same predetermined range of values regardless of the type of SENS sensor (e.g., titanium or steel torsion shaft). Let I be the range of values allowed for the slope a (e.g., I centered around 1). Therefore, we have a = aO e I for a SENS sensor of the first type, and a = A(aO) e I for a SENS sensor of the second type.
[0095] This is particularly advantageous, since the proposed solution thus makes it possible to verify the validity of the slope coefficient a independently of the type of sensor used SENS.
[0096] We detail below an example of determining the calibration parameters a, b, c for two different types of SENS torque meter with reference to figure 4.
[0097] Of course, other embodiments can be considered to determine the calibration parameters a, b, c from the parameters aO, bO, cOex\ depending on the type of torque meter used SENS.
[0098] At step S130, the calibration parameters a, b, are checked to ensure the validity of the torque meter used SENS.
[0099] In one embodiment, this step includes comparing the slope a with a predetermined range of values. As mentioned above, it is necessary to verify that the slope a is close to 1. If the slope a is not within the predetermined range of values (e.g., is not close to 1), a fault is raised.
[0100] Thanks to the proposed solution, this predetermined range of values is independent of the type of sensor used (SENS). The proposed solution advantageously allows verification of the validity of the slope coefficient α regardless of the type of sensor used (SENS). Unlike existing solutions, it is not necessary to redefine the torque measurement law integrated into the FADEC device for each type of sensor.
[0101] Within the scope of the invention, other embodiments may also be envisaged, in which other verification tests are performed. For example, the verification tests may also include a comparison of the calibration parameters b and / or c respectively with predetermined ranges of values.
[0102] At step S140, a CKS_TBD verification code is calculated from the calibration parameters a, b, c. It allows verification of the integrity of the latter.
[0103] Furthermore, the CKS_TBD code is calculated based on the CNF_A or CNF_B type of the SENS torque meter (i.e., its configuration and characteristics). It is therefore representative of the CNF_A or CNF_B type of the SENS torque meter used. This CKS_TBD code allows the FADEC device to determine which type of SENS torque meter is being used (among the various predetermined sensor types) and to adapt the measurement law φ accordingly.
[0104] Depending on one embodiment, different formulas φ A and φ B are used to calculate the CKS_TBD verification code from (all or part of) the calibration parameters a, b, cen depending on the type CNF_A, CNF_B of the SENS sensor.
[0105] The verification codes calculated for SENS torque meters of different types CNF_A, CNF_B belong, according to one embodiment, to distinct value ranges. For example, we can have φ A (a, b, c) ∈ I A and φ B (a, b, c) ∈ I B , such as I A * I B = ∅. For a given SENS torque meter, the CKS_TBD verification code calculated in step S140 is thus representative of the type CNF_A, CNF_B of the SENS torque meter used.
[0106] We detail below an example of the calculation of the CKS_TBD verification code for two different types of SENS torque meters with reference to figure 4.
[0107] In step S150, calibration parameters a, b, and the verification code CKS_TBD are provided, notably to configure the FADEC device intended to be carried in the AC aircraft and to measure the engine torque PRM.
[0108] In particular, this step may include loading into a memory of the FADEC device (or other system on board the aircraft) the determined calibration parameters a, b, and the CKS_TBD verification code.
[0109] Before describing how the calibration parameters a, b, cet of the code CKS_TBD verification is used by the FADEC device; we detail an example of the proposed calibration process with reference to the following figure.
[0110] Figure 4 shows an example of the proposed calibration procedure, carried out according to the type of sensor used, according to one embodiment of the invention.
[0111] More specifically, this figure illustrates an example of the calibration of the SENS torque meter depending on whether it uses a titanium torsion shaft CNF_A or a steel torsion shaft CNF_B. It thus illustrates the implementation of certain steps of the proposed calibration procedure S100.
[0112] As illustrated in this figure, the calibration of the SENS torque meter begins with the determination of the initial parameters aO, bO, cO (step S110), that is to say the parameters used in the torque measurement law cp implemented by the FADEC device to correct the raw measurements provided by the SENS torque meter.
[0113] It is then determined whether the torque meter used (SENS) is a torque meter with a titanium shaft (CNF_A, first type) or a torque meter with a steel shaft (CNF_B, second type). This operation can, for example, be performed by an operator, but it could also be performed automatically (e.g., by comparing the value of the initial slope aOa with the ranges of values associated with the different types CNF_A and CNF_B).
[0114] If the SENS torque meter is a torque meter with a titanium shaft CNF_A (first type), the parameters aO, bO, cOsov. defined as calibration parameters a, b, c to be provided at the end of the calibration (step S120) and the verification code CKS_TBD is calculated using the formula (|)A (step S 140).
[0115] If the SENS torque meter is a CNF_B titanium shaft torque meter (second type), the parameters bO, cO are defined as calibration parameters b, c to be provided after calibration (step S120). Conversely, the initial slope a0 is modified using the expression: a = λ(a0) (e.g., a = a0 / 1.7); then the modified slope λ(a0) is defined as the slope a to be provided after calibration (step S120). And, the CKS_TBD verification code is calculated using the formula φ B (step S140).
[0116] As an example, the following formulas (|)A and (|)B can be used: φ A : CKS_TBD = (b + 20) × 128 + a × 2048 (e.g., formula for a SENS torque meter with a titanium shaft CNF_A) φ B : CKS_TBD = (b + 100) × 128 + a × 2 × 2048 (e.g., formula for a SENS torque meter with a CNF_B steel shaft).
[0117] The example described here illustrates two of the advantages of the proposed solution:
[0118] Firstly, the proposed solution ensures that the slope coefficient a (provided after calibration) belongs to the same range of values (close to 1) regardless of the type of torque meter CNF_A, CNF_B. It thus allows verification (step S130) of the validity of the slope coefficient a independently of the type of sensor used SENS.
[0119] Secondly, the CKS_TBD verification code is calculated based on the type of torque meter used (CNF_A, CNF_B). It is therefore representative of the type of torque meter used (SENS) and allows the FADEC device to adapt the torque measurement law. <p en conséquence. Il s'ensuit que le dispositif FADEC est capable de gérer différentes configurations de couplemètres CNF_A, CNF_B.
[0120] There are no limitations on the number of sensor types that the proposed solution can handle. The example described here involves using two configurations, CNF_A and CNF_B, for the SENS torque meter, but the proposed solution also applies to cases where more configurations are used.
[0121] We have described above the proposed S100 procedure for calibrating the SENS torque meter. We now describe the proposed S200 method for measuring PRM torque using the SENS torque meter, i.e. how the calibration parameters a, b, cet and the verification code CKS_TBD are used by the FADEC device.
[0122] Figure 5 represents steps of a process for measuring a physical parameter of an engine using a sensor according to an embodiment of the invention.
[0123] This figure is described below to introduce the proposed S200 method for measuring PRM motor torque using the SENS sensor.
[0124] As illustrated in this figure, the proposed process S200 includes (in whole or in part) steps S210 and S220. These steps are implemented by the FADEC device (e.g., the engine control unit).
[0125] At step S210, the FADEC device adapts its measurement law φ according to the type CNF_A, CNF_B of the SENS torque meter among the different possible sensor types CNF_A, CNF_B. This step can, for example, be implemented when the FADEC device is powered on.
[0126] We detail below the implementation of this step with reference to figures 6 and 7.
[0127] At stage S220, the FADEC device measures the PRM torque using the measurement law φ. As illustrated in Figure 5, the proposed process S200 can include several iterations of the measurement step S220.
[0128] We describe below the implementation of this step with reference to figure 8.
[0129] The FADEC device can correspond to the engine control computer on board the aircraft AC, the latter using the measurement of the PRM torque to regulate the engine ENG of the aircraft AC.
[0130] Note that the measurement law φ used here (step S220) was previously The measurement is adapted (step S210) according to the type CNF_A, CNF_B of the SENS torque meter used. The raw measurements acquired by the SENS sensor are thus corrected by the FADEC device using the adapted measurement law cp. This allows for accurate measurement of the PRM motor torque.
[0131] We have described here the operating principle of the FADEC device. We now present in detail how this FADEC device adapts its measurement law φ according to the type CNF_A, CNF_B of the torque meter used SENS.
[0132] Figure 6 represents steps of a process for adapting the measurement law of a physical parameter according to the type of sensor used according to an embodiment of the invention.
[0133] This figure details the implementation of step S210 of the proposed S200 process introduced above. As a reminder, in step S210, the FADEC device adapts its torque measurement law cp according to the type CNF_A, CNF_B of the torque meter used (SENS). This step can be implemented, in particular, when the FADEC device is energized.
[0134] As illustrated in this figure, step S210 includes (in whole or in part) steps S211 to S214 described below (and implemented by the FADEC system).
[0135] In step S211, the FADEC device obtains the calibration parameters a, b, and the associated CKS_TBD verification code. For example, it can receive these elements from another system embedded in the aircraft. It could also read these elements from memory.
[0136] In step S212, the FADEC device calculates several CKS_CALC_A and CKS_CALC_B codes associated with the different possible CNF_A and CNF_B types of the SENS torque meter. Each CKS_CALC_A and CKS_CALC_B code is calculated respectively from (all or part of) these calibration parameters a and b for a CNF_A and CNF_B type of the SENS sensor.
[0137] According to one embodiment, the CKS_CALC_A, CKS_CALC_B codes are calculated from the calibration parameters a, b, c using different formulas φ A and φ B depending on the type CNF_A, CNF_B of the SENS sensor.
[0138] It should be noted that the formulas used (and more generally the method) to calculate the CKS_CALC_A, CKS_CALC_B codes in step S212 is identical to those used in step S140 to calculate the CKS_TBD verification code described above.
[0139] At step S213, the FADEC device checks the CKS_TBD verification code of the calibration parameters a, b, c. It thus ensures the integrity of these parameters.
[0140] According to one embodiment, the FADEC device proceeds in the following manner to verify the CKS_TBD verification code:
[0141] It compares the CKS_TBD verification code with the CKS_CALC_A and CKS_CALC_B codes calculated for the different CNF_A and CNF_B types of the SENS sensor. If the code of If the CKS_TBD verification code does not match one of the calculated codes CKS_CALC_A or CKS_CALC_B, or if the CKS_TBD verification code matches several of the calculated codes CKS_CALC_A or CKS_CALC_B, the FADEC device raises an FLT fault. Otherwise, it proceeds to the next step.
[0142] At step S214, the FADEC device configures its measurement law φ according to the verification code CKS_TBD validated at step S213.
[0143] To do this, the FADEC device compares the verification code CKS_TBD with the calculated codes CKS_CALC_A, CKS_CALC_B for the different types CNF_A, CNF_B of the SENS sensor. Based on the result of this comparison, it defines the parameters a0, b0, c0 of the measurement law φ.
[0144] More specifically, according to one embodiment, the FADEC device proceeds in the following way to define the calibration parameters aO, bO, cO:
[0145] If the verification code CKS_TBD is equal to the calculated code CKS_CALC_A for a first type of sensor CNF_A (e.g., a torque meter with a titanium shaft), the calibration parameters a, b, c stored in the memory of the FADEC device are defined as parameters a0, b0, c0 of the measurement law φ (i.e., a0=a, b0=b, c0=c).
[0146] And, if the verification code CKS_TBD is equal to the calculated code CKS_CALC_B for a second type of sensor CNF_B (e.g., a torque meter with a steel shaft), then the parameters b, c stored in the FADEC device's memory are defined as the parameters bO, cO, according to the measurement law φ (Le, bO=b, cO=c). However, the slope a is modified by applying a predetermined function λ -1which is the inverse of the function λ (i.e., a0 = λ -1 (has)).
[0147] We detail below an example of adaptation of the measurement law φ for two different types CNF_A, CNF_B of the SENS torque meter with reference to the following figure.
[0148] Figure 7 represents an example of adapting the measurement law of a physical parameter according to the type of sensor used according to an embodiment of the invention.
[0149] In particular, this figure illustrates the adaptation of the torque measurement law cp depending on whether a torque meter with a titanium shaft (CNF_A) or a torque meter with a steel shaft (CNF_B) is used. This figure thus exemplifies the implementation of step S210 described above by the FADEC device.
[0150] As illustrated in this figure, the adaptation of the torque measurement law cp (step S210) uses the verification code CKS_TBD provided at the end of the calibration (received in step S211) and the codes CKS_CALC_A, CKS_CALC_B calculated for the different types of torque meter CNF_A, CNF_B (calculated in step S212).
[0151] According to this example, the FADEC device proceeds in the following way to adapt the torque measurement law cp:
[0152] It compares the verification code CKS_TBD to the calculated codes CKS_CALC_A, CKS_CALC_B.
[0153] If the CKS_TBD verification code is equal to the CKS_CALC_A code and different from the CKS_CALC_B code, the SENS torque meter used is a torque meter with a shaft in titanium CNF_A. The FADEC device defines the calibration parameters a, b, c provided at the end of the calibration (and read into memory at step S211) as parameters aO, bO, cO. the measurement law φ (Le., aO=a, bO=b, cO=d).
[0154] And, if the verification code CKS_TBD is different from the code CKS_CALC_A and equal to the code CKS_CALC_B, the SENS torque meter used is a torque meter with a steel shaft CNF_B. The FADEC device defines the calibration parameters b, c provided after calibration (and read into memory at step S211) as parameters bO, cO. The measurement law φ (Le., bO=b, cO=c) is given by the measurement law φ. Conversely, the FADEC device modifies the slope coefficient a (provided after calibration) using the expression: a0 = λ -1 (a) (eg, a0 = a × 1.7) – the inverse of the function λ described in step S120 of Figure 4. Then, it defines the modified slope λ -1 (a) as parameter a0 of the measurement law φ.
[0155] Otherwise (Le., if the CKS_TBD verification code does not verify the conditions mentioned above), the FADEC device raises an FLT fault.
[0156] The proposed solution offers multiple advantages, including the following:
[0157] First, the proposed solution allows for the automatic adaptation of the torque measurement law cp according to the type CNF_A, CNF_B of the SENS torque meter used, with minimal implementation complexity. In fact, the proposed verification code CKS_TBD is not only used to verify the calibration parameters a, b, c (i.e., its usual function), but also to characterize the type CNF_A, CNF_B of the SENS torque meter used. The proposed verification code CKS_TBD thus allows the FADEC device to determine which type of CNF_A, CNF_B torque meter is used and its torque measurement law cp is adapted accordingly.
[0158] Secondly, the solution allows verification of the validity of a SENS torque meter using the same tests for different types of CNF_A and CNF_B torque meters. This is because the slope coefficient a (provided after calibration) belongs to the same test range for different types of CNF_A and CNF_B torque meters (even if the slope coefficient aO defined as a parameter of the measurement law φ varies considerably from one type of sensor to another).
[0159] Of course, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments and examples described above. It can, in particular, be used for more than two types of sensors. It can also be used for types of materials other than the type used for the torsion shaft of a torque meter.
[0160] We have shown above how the FADEC device adapts its measurement law φ according to the type of SENS torque meter used. We now present how it uses the measurement law φ once configured with reference to the following figure.
[0161] Figure 8 represents steps of a process for measuring a physical parameter of an engine according to an embodiment of the invention.
[0162] We recall, first of all, that the proposed S200 process may include several iterations of the S220 step of measuring the PRM motor torque.
[0163] As illustrated by Figure 8, each measurement step S220 includes (in whole or in part) the steps S221 and S222 described below (implemented by the FADEC device).
[0164] At step S221, the FADEC device obtains a raw measurement of the PRM torque of the ENG motor, this measurement being provided by the SENS sensor.
[0165] At step S222, the FADEC device corrects the raw measurement using the measurement law φ.
[0166] Note that the measurement law φ used here is indeed the one previously adapted (step S210) according to the type CNF_A, CNF_B of the torque meter used SENS. This adaptation of the measurement law φ includes in particular the definition (step S215) of the parameters a0, b0, c0 of the measurement law φ.
[0167] For example, the FADEC device can correct the raw measurement Ten using the expression: T' = aO x T + bO + cO x T, where T is the temperature. It thus obtains a corrected measurement T'. Other embodiments can be considered to correct the raw measurement Ten using the measurement law φ.
[0168] We described above the operation of the proposed FADEC device for measuring PRM motor torque. We now describe its hardware architecture with reference to the following figure.
[0169] Figure 9 represents an example of the hardware architecture of a device configured to measure a physical parameter of a motor using a sensor according to an embodiment of the invention.
[0170] The hardware architecture of the FADEC device is illustrated in Figure 9. According to this embodiment, the FADEC device includes at least one processing unit or processor PROC, and at least one memory MEM.
[0171] According to one embodiment, the FADEC device has the hardware architecture of a computer. The MEM memory constitutes an information storage medium according to the invention, on which a computer program product PROG according to the invention (Le., the computer software) is stored. The PROG program includes instructions for carrying out steps of a measurement process S200 according to the invention, when the PROG program is executed by the PROC processor.
[0172] The PROG program defines the functional modules of the FADEC device, which rely on or control the hardware elements of this device. Generally, for each step (or operation) of a process according to the invention, the FADEC device can include a corresponding module configured to perform said step.
[0173] As illustrated in Figure 9, the FADEC device has a COM communication module configured to communicate with the SENS sensor, and potentially other devices. There are no limitations on the nature of the communication interfaces between these devices.
[0174] Similarly (but not shown in a figure), the CAL calibration device may also have the hardware architecture of a computer. This CAL device may include a storage medium on which a computer program according to the invention is recorded (i.e., the bench software, separate from the computer software). This program contains instructions for carrying out steps of an S100 calibration procedure according to the invention, when this program is executed by a processor. The CAL device is configured to implement all or part of the steps of the S100 calibration procedure according to the invention.
[0175] Additional variations: A person skilled in the art will understand that the variations and embodiments described above are only non-limiting examples of implementation of the invention. In particular, a person skilled in the art may consider any adaptation or combination of the embodiments and variations described above to meet a specific need.
[0176] It should also be noted that the order in which the steps of a process according to the invention are carried out, particularly with reference to the accompanying drawings, is merely an example of an embodiment and is not intended to be limiting; variations are possible. In particular, a process according to the invention may comprise one or more iterations of the steps described above, particularly with reference to the accompanying drawings. Furthermore, the reference symbols do not limit the scope of protection; their sole purpose is to facilitate understanding of the claims.
[0177] Finally, the term "module" can refer to a software component, a hardware component, or a set of hardware and software components. A software component itself corresponds to one or more computer programs or subprograms, or more generally, to any element of a program capable of implementing a function or set of functions as described for the modules in question. Similarly, a hardware component corresponds to any element of a hardware assembly capable of implementing a function or set of functions for the module in question (integrated circuit, smart card, memory card, etc.).
Claims
Demands 1. A method (S200) implemented by a device (FADEC) configured to measure a physical parameter (PRM) of an engine (ENG) using a sensor (SENS), this method comprising the following computer-implemented steps: an adaptation (S210) of a measurement law (φ) of the physical parameter (PRM) as a function of a type (CNF_A, CNF_B) of the sensor used (SENS) among several predetermined sensor types (CNF_A, CNF_B), this adaptation comprising: o obtaining (S211) one or more calibration parameters a, b, c) and a verification code (CKS_TBD) for said one or more calibration parameters a, b, c), o verifying (S213) the verification code (CKS_TBD) for said one or more calibration parameters a, b, c), and o a configuration (S214) of the measurement law (φ) from said one or more calibration parameters a, b, c) and according to the verification code (CKS_TBD) obtained, the verification code (CKS_TBD) being representative of the type (CNF_A, CNF_B) of the sensor used (SENS) among the several predetermined sensor types (CNF_A, CNF_B).
2. Method (S200) according to claim 1, wherein the configuration (S214) of the measurement law (φ) as a function of the verification code (CKS_TBD) comprises: a comparison of the verification code (CKS_TBD) obtained with several codes (CKS_CALC_A, CKS_CALC_B) respectively calculated from said one or more calibration parameters a, b, c) for the different predetermined sensor types (CNF_A, CNF_B), and a definition of one or more parameters aO, bO, cO) of the measurement law (φ) from said one or more calibration parameters a, b, c) and as a function of the result of the comparison.
3. Method (S200) according to claim 2, wherein the definition of said one or more parameters aO, bO, cO) of the measurement law (φ) is characterized in that: if the verification code (CKS_TBD) corresponds to the calculated code (CKS_CALC_A) for a first type (CNF_A) of the sensor (SENS): o said one or more calibration parameters a, b, c) are defined as parameters aO, bO, cO) of the measurement law (φ), and if the verification code (CKS_TBD) corresponds to the calculated code (CKS_CALC_B) for a second type (CNF_B) of the sensor (SENS): at least one of the calibration parameters (a) is modified by applying a predetermined function (λ -1 ), eto said at least one modified calibration parameter (λ -1(a)) is defined as parameter a of the measurement law (φ).
4. A method (S200) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising: one or more measurements (S220) of the physical parameter (PRM) of the engine (ENG) using the measurement law (φ) previously configured (S214), each measurement comprising: o obtaining (S221) a raw measurement of the physical parameter (PRM) acquired by the sensor (SENS), and o a correction (S222) of the raw measurement of the physical parameter (PRM) using the measurement law (φ) previously configured (S214).
5. Method (S100) for calibrating a sensor (SENS) intended for use in measuring a physical parameter (PRM) of an engine (ENG), this method comprising: a determination (S120) of one or more calibration parameters a, b, c) to be provided, depending on a type (CNF_A, CNF_B) of the sensor (SENS) among several predetermined sensor types (CNF_A, CNF_B), a calculation (S140) of a verification code (CKS_TBD) of said one or more calibration parameters a, b, c), the verification code (CKS_TBD) being calculated from said one or more calibration parameters a, b, c) and according to the type (CNF_A, CNF_B) of the sensor (SENS), the verification code (CKS_TBD) being representative of the type (CNF_A, CNF_B) of the sensor (SENS) among the several predetermined sensor types (CNF_A, CNF_B), and a supply (S150) of the determined calibration parameters a, b, c) and the calculated verification code (CKS_TBD).
6. Method (S100) according to claim 5, comprising: a calibration (S110) of the sensor (SENS) to determine one or more initial calibration parameters aO, bO, cO, and wherein the determination (S120) of said one or more calibration parameters to be supplied (150) is characterized in that: if the sensor (SENS) is a sensor of a first type (CNF_A): o said one or more initial parameters aO, bO, cO) are defined as calibration parameters to be provided (a), and if the sensor (SENS) is a sensor of a second type (CNF_A): o at least one said initial parameter (a0) is modified by applying a function (λ), this function (λ) being defined so that the calibration parameter to be provided (a) belongs to the same predetermined range of values for the different predetermined sensor types (CNF_A, CNF_B), eto said at least one modified initial parameter (λ(a0)) is defined as the calibration parameter to be provided (a).
7. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the measured physical parameter (PRM) is a torque of the motor (ENG) and wherein the sensor (SENS) used to measure the torque (PRM) of the motor (ENG) is a torque meter, preferably a torsional torque meter.
8. A device (FADEC) configured to measure a physical parameter (PRM) of an engine (ENG) using a sensor (SENS), this device being configured to: adapt (S210) a measurement law (φ) of the physical parameter (PRM) according to a type (CNF_A, CNF_B) of the sensor used (SENS) from among several predetermined sensor types (CNF_A, CNF_B), this adaptation including: o obtaining (S211) one or more calibration parameters a, b, c) and a verification code (CKS_TBD) for said one or more calibration parameters a, b, c), o a verification (S213) of the verification code (CKS_TBD) for said one or more calibration parameters a, b, c), and o a configuration (S214) of the measurement law (φ) from said one or more calibration parameters a, b, c) and according to the verification code (CKS_TBD), the verification code (CKS_TBD) being representative of the type (CNF_A, CNF_B) of the sensor used (SENS) among the several predetermined sensor types (CNF_A, CNF_B).
9. Aircraft (AC) comprising: an engine (ENG) equipped with a sensor (SENS) configured to acquire a measurement of a physical parameter (PRM) of the engine (ENG), and a device (FADEC), according to claim 8, configured to measure the physical parameter (PRM) of the engine (ENG) using the sensor (SENS).
10. Product computer program (PROG) comprising instructions for the implementation of the steps of a process (S100, S200) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, when said computer program (PROG) is executed by at least one processor (PROC).