Localized power rationing in a power grid

Abstract

A method for localized power rationing in a power grid includes receiving, from a power grid utility, an available power budget for a site connected to the power grid that is lower than a predicted power budget for all circuit branches in the site being turned on; calculating, for each circuit branch in the site, an ON time period and an OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site; and sending, to each circuit branch in the site, the ON time period and the OFF time period calculated for that corresponding circuit branch. In some cases, the method further includes calculating, for each circuit branch in the site, a delay time period based on the received available power budget for the site and sending, to each circuit branch in the site, a signal to turn off / remain off or to turn on / remain on.

Description

1 ETN-127XINPCT P24-1802W001 LOCALIZED POWER RATIONING IN A POWER GRIDCROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

[0001] The present invention claims the benefit of India Provisional Application Number 202511008262, filed on January 31, 2025, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety, including any figures, tables, and drawings.BACKGROUND

[0002] Currently, electrical networks worldwide are overloaded due to increases in electrical power consumption and electrification trends. In order to address this problem, power grid utilities have been forced to limit power usage from customers at certain times by either temporarily cutting power to certain customers within the power grid and / or providing incentives for customers to voluntarily reduce or cut power. However, temporarily cutting power to customers can have unforeseen consequences to the customers themselves and relying on customers to voluntarily reduce or cut power is unreliable. Accordingly, there is a need for systems and methods that prioritize localized power rationing so that high priority and / or critical circuit branches do not lose power while unnecessary circuit branches can be powered off when an available power budget is lower than a predicted power budget for all circuit branches being turned on.BRIEF SUMMARY

[0003] Methods and systems for localized power rationing in a power grid are provided herein. Advantageously, by calculating (relatively) localized short-term ON time periods and OFF time periods for each circuit branch in a site, as well as prioritizing critical and / or high priority circuit branches over medium and / or low priority circuit branches, the power grid as a whole can meet its power requirements with little to no inconveniences to customers.

[0004] A method for localized power rationing in a power grid includes receiving, from a power grid utility, an available power budget for a site connected to the power grid that is lower than a predicted power budget for all circuit branches in the site being turned on; calculating, for each circuit branch in the site, an ON time period and an OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site; and sending, to each circuit branch in the site, the ON time period and the OFF time period calculated for that corresponding circuit branch.2 ETN-127XINPCT P24-1802W001

[0005] In some cases, the method further includes identifying high priority circuit branches, medium priority circuit branches, and low priority circuit branches within the site, wherein calculating the ON time period and the OFF time period further includes calculating, for each high priority circuit branch, the ON time period and the OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site, calculating, for each medium priority circuit branch, the ON time period and the OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site and the ON time period and the OFF time period of each high priority circuit branch, and calculating, for each low priority circuit branch, the ON time period and the OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site, the ON time period and the OFF time period of each high priority circuit branch and the ON time period and the OFF time period of each medium priority circuit branch.

[0006] This Summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the Detailed Description. This Summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the claimed subject matter.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] Figure 1 illustrates a representational diagram of an operating environment for localized power rationing in a power grid.

[0008] Figure 2 illustrates method for localized power rationing in a power grid.

[0009] Figure 3 illustrates a breaker switching device process flow that may be used in certain embodiments described herein.

[0010] Figure 4 illustrates a process flow for an optimization algorithm that may be used in certain embodiments described herein.

[0011] Figure 5 illustrates components of a computing device that may be used in certain embodiments described herein.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] Methods and systems for localized power rationing in a power grid are provided herein. Advantageously, by calculating (relatively) localized short-term ON time periods and OFF time periods for each circuit branch in a site, as well as prioritizing critical and / or high priority circuit branches over medium and / or low priority circuit branches, the power grid as a whole can meet its power requirements with little to no inconveniences to customers.3 ETN-127XINPCT P24-1802W001

[0013] Figure 1 illustrates a representational diagram of an operating environment for localized power rationing in a power grid. Referring to Figure 1, an operating environment 100 includes a power grid utility 102 providing power to a main breaker 104 of a site 106. The site further includes a first branch breaker 108 and a second branch breaker 110. Downstream of the first branch breaker 108 includes a first energy storage device 112, a first critical appliance 114, and a second critical appliance 116. Downstream of the second branch breaker 110 includes a second energy storage device 118, athird appliance 120, and a fourth appliance 122.Located at or around the main breaker 104 is also a power rationing controller 124. The power rationing controller 124 can communicate with the power grid utility 102 as well as the first branch breaker 108 and the second branch breaker 110.

[0014] In some cases, a critical appliance (e.g., first critical appliance 114 and / or second critical appliance 116) is considered high priority and can be, for example, a life saving appliance such as a ventilator. In some cases, a critical appliance can be, for example, critical and / or high priority during certain time periods and not critical and / or medium or low priority during other times. For example, a heater during the winter and / or cold period or an air conditioner during the summer and / or warm period can be critical and / or high priority, but a heater during the summer and / or warm period or an air conditioner during the winter and / or a cold period may not be critical and / or be considered as medium priority or low priority. In some cases, a non-critical or low priority appliance (e.g., third appliance 120 and / or fourth appliance 122) can be, for example, a television, printer, etc. In some cases, for example, anon-critical or medium priority appliance can include a stove or a microwave. In some cases, an appliance, such as a stove or a microwave, may be critical during certain time periods (e.g., in the evenings) and non-critical and / or medium or low priority during other time periods (e.g., the middle of the night). Of course, these are merely examples, and individual power grid utilities (e.g., power grid utility 102) and / or individuals (e.g., homeowners) can make their own determination on which appliances are critical.

[0015] It should be understood that the number of elements in this Figure 1 is for illustration purposes, and that more or less elements, such as branch breakers, appliances, etc. may be included and should be considered within the scope of this disclosure.

[0016] Figure 2 illustrates a method for localized power rationing in a power grid. The method 200 described herein can be performed by the power rationing controller 124 of Figure 1. Referring to Figures 1 and 2, a method 200 for localized power rationing in a power grid includes receiving (202), from a power grid utility 102, an available power budget for a site 106 connected to the power grid that is lower than a predicted power budget for all circuit4 ETN-127XINPCT P24-1802W001 branches (e.g., first branch breaker 108 and its downstream elements and second branch breaker 110 and its downstream elements) in the site 106 being turned on, calculating (204), for each circuit branch in the site 106, an ON time period and an OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site 106, and sending (206), to each circuit branch in the site 106, the ON time period and the OFF time period calculated for that corresponding circuit branch.

[0017] In some cases, the method 200 further includes calculating, for each circuit branch in the site 106, a delay time period based on the received available power budget for the site 106 and sending, to each circuit branch in the site 106, an off signal to turn off or remain off or an on signal to turn on or remain on. As used herein, the ON time period refers to a time period in which the corresponding branch breaker is permitted to be in an on state. As used herein, the OFF time period refers to a time period in which the corresponding branch breaker is to be in an off state. As used herein, a delay time period refers to a time period in which the corresponding branch breaker is to be in an off state before any ON time period or OFF time period. In some cases, the predicted power budget for all circuit branches in the site being turned on is determined by receiving current and / or power used by each circuit branch in the site 106 when those circuit branches are turned on.

[0018] In some cases, the method 200 further includes identifying high priority circuit branches (e.g., first branch breaker 108 and its downstream elements) and low priority circuit branches (e.g., second branch breaker 110 and its downstream elements) within the site 106, and calculating (204) the ON time period and the OFF time period further includes calculating, for each high priority circuit branch, the ON time period and the OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site 106 and calculating, for each low priority circuit branch, the ON time period and the OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site 106 and the ON time period and the OFF time period of each high priority circuit branch.

[0019] In some cases, the method 200 further includes identifying medium priority circuit branches within the site 106, and calculating (204) the ON time period and the OFF time period further includes calculating, for each medium priority circuit branch, the ON time period and the OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site 106 and the ON time period and the OFF time period of each high priority circuit branch, and calculating, for each low priority circuit branch, the ON time period and the OFF time period is further based on the ON time period and the OFF time period of each medium priority circuit branch.5 ETN-127XINPCT P24-1802W001

[0020] For example, when considering the available power budget, the power rationing controller 124 will first attempt to provide full ON time periods and no OFF time periods for high priority circuit branches. Next, the power rationing controller 124 will attempt to provide ON time periods for medium priority circuit branches based on the available power budget less power scheduled for high priority circuit branches, followed by ON time periods for low priority circuit branches based on the available power budget less power scheduled for high priority circuit branches and medium priority circuit branches. In this way, high priority circuit branches are powered first, followed by medium priority circuit branches, and then by low priority circuit branches. If, for example, high priority circuit branches can be powered but only some, but not all, of the medium priority circuit branches can be powered, the power rationing controller 124 will set ON time periods and OFF time periods for each of the medium priority circuit branches such that at no time will the power required for the high priority circuit branches and the medium priority circuit branches that are in an ON time period exceed the available power budget, while all of the low priority circuit branches will be in an OFF time period and / or a delay time period. Similarly, if high priority circuit branches and medium priority circuit branches can be powered but only some, but not all, of the low priority circuit branches can be powered, the power rationing controller 124 will set ON time periods and OFF time periods for each of the low priority circuit branches such that at no time will the power required for the high priority circuit branches, the medium priority circuit branches, and the low priority circuit branches that are in an ON time period exceed the available power budget.

[0021] In some cases, the method 200 further includes identifying one or more energy storage systems (e.g., first energy storage device 112 and second energy storage device 118) within the site 106, a circuit branch that each of the one or more energy storage systems is located (e.g., first branch breaker 108 and its downstream elements for first energy storage device 112 and second branch breaker 110 and its downstream elements for second energy storage device 118), and an energy level of each of the one or more energy storage systems, and calculating, for each circuit branch in the site, the ON time period and the OFF time period is further based on the energy level of an energy storage system of the one or more energy storage systems within that corresponding circuit branch.

[0022] For example, if a circuit branch would be in an OFF time period and / or time delay due to power constraints corresponding to the available power budget, but an energy storage system is identified within that circuit branch with an energy level that can power that circuit branch for a certain amount of time, then that circuit branch can be provided with an ON time period corresponding to the energy level that can power that circuit branch for the6 ETN-127XINPCT P24-1802W001 certain amount of time and an OFF time period for any remaining time during that cycle. Furthermore, if the energy storage system is not to be used to power that circuit branch during any ON time period, then the energy storage system can be charged (and is therefore considered during the calculating (204) step) during that ON time period, if the energy storage system is not already charged to full capacity.

[0023] Figure 3 illustrates a breaker switching device process flow that may be used in certain embodiments described herein. Referring to Figure 3, a breaker switching device process flow 300 includes the power grid utility communicating (302) to the power rationing controller to activate and communicating (304) to the power rationing controller the available power budget for the site. The power rationing controller then calculates (306), for each branch breaker, two time periods (N and M), which indicate how much time each breaker is allowed to be in the on and off state, as well as a time delay (P) that indicates how long the branch breaker should stay off at the beginning of the process. When the power grid utility updates the available power budget, these time periods (e.g., N, M, and / or P) must be re-calculated. After the calculations are performed, the time counters for all the branch breakers are reset (308) to 0.

[0024] For every branch breaker, the power rationing controller determines if the branch breaker needs to be turned on or off. If either Mi or Ni are 0 (310), the corresponding branch breaker must be kept on or off (312), respectively. Therefore, Mi=0 could indicate circuit branches that are high priority circuit branches, which should never be turned off. Ni=0 could indicate circuit branches that are low priority circuit branches, which may always be off when the available power budget is lower than a predicted power budget for all circuit branches in the site being turned on. If Mi and Ni are both non-zero, the delay Pi is checked (314). If the delay Pi is greater than zero, the delay is decreased (316) by one and the branch breaker is switched off and / or kept off (e.g., if the branch breaker was already off). If Mi and Ni are both non-zero and Pi is zero, the time counter is checked (318). If the time counter is 0, the branch breaker is toggled (320) (e.g., if the branch breaker is on, the branch breaker is switched off; if the branch breaker is off, the branch breaker is switched on). The branch breaker is checked (322) to determine if the branch breaker is ON or OFF after the toggle, and the time counter is assigned (324) the value Mi if the branch breaker is off or assigned (326) the value Ni if the branch breaker is on (which indicates the time the branch breaker will stay off or on, respectively). The time counter is then decreased (328) by 1.

[0025] The available power limitation is checked (330) to determine if the available power limitation is still deemed necessary by the power grid utility. If the available power7 ETN-127XINPCT P24-1802W001 limitation is still necessary, this loop is run while the power rationing controller is active. If the available power limitation is no longer necessary, the power grid utility sends (332) the signal to deactivate the power rationing controller, the power rationing controller turns on (334) all of the circuit branches and then deactivates (336).

[0026] In some cases, collaboration between loads and energy storage systems is not required. Dumb loads and / or appliances will still obey the power limitation set by the available power budget, but will abruptly shut down if that power limitation is met or exceeded (e.g., there is no energy remaining in the energy storage device and the respective branch circuit breaker is off). Smart loads and / or appliances can interrogate the energy storage systems about the remaining energy in the energy storge device and voluntarily limit power consumption and / or shut off when appropriate to extend operational time for appliances in the same circuit branch.

[0027] The value of each branch, Mi, Ni, and Pi can be obtained by solving the following optimization problem, for example, utilizing a stochastic gradient descent algorithm. In some cases, the following optimization problem can be solved by utilizing a dynamic heuristic algorithm. In some cases, the following optimization problem can be solved by utilizing any other algorithm that is known and capable of being applied to solve the following optimization problem.< < << < >< <

[0035] When Ui is 1, the branch breaker of circuit branch i is on; when Ui is 0, the breaker is off.

[0036] L i is the sum of the power of all loads in circuit branch i.

[0037] Ctis the capacity of the energy storage system in circuit branch i.

[0038] Gi is the charge power / current level of power of the energy storage system in branch i.

[0039] W is the maximum power allowed to be consumed by the site.8 ETN-127XINPCT P24-1802W001

[0040] T is a constant time interval.

[0041] Figure 4 illustrates a process flow for an optimization algorithm that may be used in certain embodiments described herein. Referring to Figure 4, the process flow 400 for the optimization algorithm first considers (402) only circuit branches identified as being high priority circuit branches, sets (404) j as the value of the highest priority circuit branches, with Kj containing (406) all circuit branches with priority > j.

[0042] Next, the optimization algorithm begins (408) by being run (410) with only circuit branches Kj. If (412) LjMj — GjNt < 0 V i, the values of N^M^Pi are fixed for that priority level. The process flow 400 continues by considering (414) circuit branches of lower priority (e.g., medium priority circuit branches, if any, and then low priority circuit branches, if any). This cycle continues until all priority levels of circuit branches have been considered (416), or LjMj — GiNi > 0 for some i. When LjMj — G^Ni > 0 for some i, circuit branches with priority levels lower than the last priority level considered by the process flow 400 will have IVj = 0 (418), resulting in the corresponding circuit branch(es) being turned off.

[0043] Figure 5 illustrates components of a computing device that may be used in certain embodiments described herein. Referring to Figure 5, system 500 may represent a computing device such as, but not limited to, a personal computer, a reader, a mobile device, a personal digital assistant, a wearable computer, a smart phone, a tablet, a laptop computer (notebook or netbook), a hybrid computer, or a desktop computer. Accordingly, more or fewer elements described with respect to system 500 may be incorporated to implement a particular computing device. The system 500 may embody elements of a power rationing controller.

[0044] System 500 includes a processing system 505 of one or more processors to transform or manipulate data according to the instructions of software 510, such as method 200 of Figure 2, process 300 of Figure 3 and / or process 400 of Figure 4, stored on a storage system 515. Examples of processors of the processing system 505 include general purpose central processing units, application specific processors, and logic devices, as well as any other type of processing device, combinations, or variations thereof. System 500 can include power rationing controller 124 of Figure 1.

[0045] Processing system 505 can include one or more of any suitable processing devices (“processors”), such as a microprocessor, central processing unit (CPU), graphics processing unit (GPU), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), logic circuits, and state machines.9 ETN-127XINPCT P24-1802W001

[0046] Storage system 515 may comprise any computer readable storage media readable by the processing system 505 and capable of storing software 510. Storage system 515 may include volatile and nonvolatile memories, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information, such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data. Examples of storage media of storage system 515 include random access memory, read only memory, magnetic disks, optical disks, CDs, DVDs, flash memory, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other suitable storage media. In no case is the storage medium a transitory propagated signal.

[0047] Storage system 515 may be implemented as a single storage device but may also be implemented across multiple storage devices or sub-systems co-located or distributed relative to each other. Storage system 515 may include additional elements, such as a controller, capable of communicating with processing system 505.

[0048] Software 510 may be implemented in program instructions, such as method 200 of Figure 2, process 300 of Figure 3 and / or process 400 of Figure 4 and / or any other method, process, and / or calculations described herein, and among other functions may, when executed by system 500 in general or processing system 505 in particular, direct system 500 or the one or more processors of processing system 505 to operate as described herein. In some cases, a neural network, such as a convolution neural network, is implemented as an algorithm running on the system 500. In some cases, a neural network, such as a convolution neural network, is implemented on one or more processors (e.g., processing system 505) executing instructions and / or implemented on hardware (e.g., FPGAs and / or ASICs), where some or all of the neural network operations performed in software, hardware, or a combination thereof.

[0049] The system can further include user interface system 520, which may include input / output (I / O) devices and components that enable communication between a user and the system 500. User interface system 520 can include input devices such as a mouse, track pad, keyboard, a touch device for receiving a touch gesture from a user, a motion input device for detecting non-touch gestures and other motions by a user, a microphone for detecting speech, and other types of input devices and their associated processing elements capable of receiving user input.

[0050] The user interface system 520 may also include user interface software and associated software (e.g., for graphics chips and input devices) executed by the operating system (OS) in support of the various user input and output devices. The associated software assists the OS in communicating user interface hardware events to application programs using10 ETN-127XINPCT P24-1802W001 defined mechanisms. The user interface system 520 including user interface software may support a graphical user interface, a natural user interface, or any other type of user interface.

[0051] Network interface 530 may include communications connections and devices that allow for communication with other computing systems, over one or more communication networks (not shown). Communication with other computing systems can include requesting and / or receiving information and / or data from, for example, a power grid utility. Examples of connections and devices that together allow for inter-system communication may include network interface cards, antennas, power amplifiers, RF circuitry, transceivers, and other communication circuitry. The connections and devices may communicate over communication media (such as metal, glass, air, or any other suitable communication media) to exchange communications with other computing systems or networks of systems.

[0052] Clause 1. A method for localized power rationing in a power grid comprises: receiving, from a power grid utility, an available power budget for a site connected to the power grid that is lower than a predicted power budget for all circuit branches in the site being turned on; calculating, for each circuit branch in the site, an ON time period and an OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site; and sending, to each circuit branch in the site, the ON time period and the OFF time period calculated for that corresponding circuit branch.

[0053] Clause 2. The method of clause 1, further comprising: calculating, for each circuit branch in the site, a delay time period based on the received available power budget for the site; and sending, to each circuit branch in the site, an off signal to turn off or remain off, or an on signal to turn on or remain on.

[0054] Clause 3. The method of clause 1 or 2, further comprising identifying high priority circuit branches and low priority circuit branches within the site, wherein calculating the ON time period and the OFF time period further comprises: calculating, for each high priority circuit branch, the ON time period and the OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site; and calculating, for each low priority circuit branch, the ON time period and the OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site and the ON time period and the OFF time period of each high priority circuit branch.

[0055] Clause 4. The method of any clause 1-3, further comprising identifying medium priority circuit branches within the site, wherein calculating the ON time period and the OFF time period further comprises calculating, for each medium priority circuit branch, the ON time period and the OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site and the ON time period and the OFF time period of each high priority circuit branch, wherein11 ETN-127XINPCT P24-1802W001 calculating, for each low priority circuit branch, the ON time period and the OFF time period is further based on the ON time period and the OFF time period of each medium priority circuit branch.

[0056] Clause 5. The method of any clause 1-4, further comprising: identifying one or more energy storage systems within the site, a circuit branch that each of the one or more energy storage systems is located, and an energy level of each of the one or more energy storage systems, wherein calculating, for each circuit branch in the site, the ON time period and the OFF time period is further based on the energy level of an energy storage system of the one or more energy storage systems within that corresponding circuit branch.

[0057] Clause 6. The method of any clause 1-5, wherein the calculating the ON time period and the OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site comprises utilizing a stochastic gradient descent algorithm.

[0058] Clause 7. The method of any clause 1-6, wherein the calculating the ON time period and the OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site comprises utilizing a dynamic heuristic algorithm.

[0059] Clause 8. A system for localized power rationing in a power grid comprising: a processing system; one or more storage media; and instructions stored on the one or more storage media that, when executed by the processing system, direct the processing system to: receive, from a power grid utility, an available power budget for a site connected to the power grid that is lower than a predicted power budget for all circuit branches in the site being turned on; calculate, for each circuit branch in the site, an ON time period and an OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site; and send, to each circuit branch in the site, the ON time period and the OFF time period calculated for that corresponding circuit branch.

[0060] Clause 9. The system of clause 8, wherein the instructions further direct the processing system to: calculate, for each circuit branch in the site, a delay time period based on the received available power budget for the site; and send, to each circuit branch in the site, an off signal to turn off or remain off or an on signal to turn on or remain on.

[0061] Clause 10. The system of clause 8 or 9, wherein the instructions further direct the processing system to identify high priority circuit branches and low priority circuit branches within the site, wherein the instructions that direct the processing system to calculate the ON time period and the OFF time period further direct the processing to: calculate, for each high priority circuit branch, the ON time period and the OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site; and calculate, for each low priority circuit branch, the ON12 ETN-127XINPCT P24-1802W001 time period and the OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site and the ON time period and the OFF time period of each high priority circuit branch.

[0062] Clause 11. The system of any clause 8-10, wherein the instructions further direct the processing system to identify medium priority circuit branches within the site, wherein the instructions that direct the processing system to calculate the ON time period and the OFF time period further direct the processing to calculate, for each medium priority circuit branch, the ON time period and the OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site and the ON time period and the OFF time period of each high priority circuit branch, wherein the instructions that direct the processing system to calculate, for each low priority circuit branch, the ON time period and the OFF time period is further based on the ON time period and the OFF time period of each medium priority circuit branch.

[0063] Clause 12. The system of any clause 8-11, wherein the instructions further direct the processing system to identify one or more energy storage systems within the site, a circuit branch that each of the one or more energy storage systems is located, and an energy level of each of the one or more energy storage systems, wherein the instructions that direct the processing system to calculate, for each circuit branch in the site, the ON time period and the OFF time period is further based on the energy level of an energy storage system of the one or more energy storage systems within that corresponding circuit branch.

[0064] Clause 13. The system of any clause 8-12, wherein the instructions that direct the processing system to calculate the ON time period and the OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site comprises utilizing a stochastic gradient descent algorithm.

[0065] Clause 14. The system of any clause 8-13, wherein the instructions that direct the processing system to calculate the ON time period and the OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site comprises utilizing a dynamic heuristic algorithm.

[0066] Clause 15. One or more computer readable storage media having instructions stored thereon that, when executed by a processing system, direct the processing system to: receive, from a power grid utility, an available power budget for a site connected to the power grid that is lower than a predicted power budget for all circuit branches in the site being turned on; calculate, for each circuit branch in the site, an ON time period and an OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site; and send, to each circuit branch in the site, the ON time period and the OFF time period calculated for that corresponding circuit branch.13 ETN-127XINPCT P24-1802W001

[0067] Clause 16. The computer readable storage media of clause 15, wherein the instructions further direct the processing system to: calculate, for each circuit branch in the site, a delay time period based on the received available power budget for the site; and send, to each circuit branch in the site, an off signal to turn off or remain off or an on second signal to turn on or remain on.

[0068] Clause 17. The computer readable storage media of clause 15 or 16, wherein the instructions further direct the processing system to identify high priority circuit branches and low priority circuit branches within the site, wherein the instructions that direct the processing system to calculate the ON time period and the OFF time period further direct the processing to: calculate, for each high priority circuit branch, the ON time period and the OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site; and calculate, for each low priority circuit branch, the ON time period and the OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site and the ON time period and the OFF time period of each high priority circuit branch.

[0069] Clause 18. The computer readable storage media of any clause 15-17, wherein the instructions further direct the processing system to identify medium priority circuit branches within the site, wherein the instructions that direct the processing system to calculate the ON time period and the OFF time period further direct the processing to calculate, for each medium priority circuit branch, the ON time period and the OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site and the ON time period and the OFF time period of each high priority circuit branch, wherein the instructions that direct the processing system to calculate, for each low priority circuit branch, the ON time period and the OFF time period is further based on the ON time period and the OFF time period of each medium priority circuit branch.

[0070] Clause 19. The computer readable storage media of any clause 15-18, wherein the instructions further direct the processing system to identify one or more energy storage systems within the site, a circuit branch that each of the one or more energy storage systems is located, and an energy level of each of the one or more energy storage systems, wherein the instructions that direct the processing system to calculate, for each circuit branch in the site, the ON time period and the OFF time period is further based on the energy level of an energy storage system of the one or more energy storage systems within that corresponding circuit branch.

[0071] Clause 20. The computer readable storage media of any clause 15-19, wherein the instructions that direct the processing system to calculate the ON time period and the OFF14 ETN-127XINPCT P24-1802W001 time period based on the received available power budget for the site comprises utilizing a stochastic gradient descent algorithm.

[0072] Although the subj ect matter has been described in language specific to structural features and / or acts, it is to be understood that the subject matter defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as examples of implementing the claims and other equivalent features and acts that would be recognized by one skilled in the art are intended to be within the scope of the claims.

Claims

15 ETN-127XINPCT P24-1802W001 CLAIMSWhat is claimed is:

1. A method for localized power rationing in a power grid comprises: receiving, from a power grid utility, an available power budget for a site connected to the power grid that is lower than a predicted power budget for all circuit branches in the site being turned on;calculating, for each circuit branch in the site, an ON time period and an OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site; andsending, to each circuit branch in the site, the ON time period and the OFF time period calculated forthat corresponding circuit branch.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:calculating, for each circuit branch in the site, a delay time period based on the received available power budget for the site; andsending, to each circuit branch in the site, an off signal to turn off or remain off or an on signal to turn on or remain on.

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising identifying high priority circuit branches and low priority circuit branches within the site,wherein calculating the ON time period and the OFF time period further comprises:calculating, for each high priority circuit branch, the ON time period and the OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site; and calculating, for each low priority circuit branch, the ON time period and the OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site and the ON time period and the OFF time period of each high priority circuit branch.

4. The method of claim 3, further comprising identifying medium priority circuit branches within the site,wherein calculating the ON time period and the OFF time period further comprises calculating, for each medium priority circuit branch, the ON time period and the OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site and the ON time period and the OFF time period of each high priority circuit branch,16 ETN-127XINPCT P24-1802W001 wherein calculating, for each low priority circuit branch, the ON time period and the OFF time period is further based on the ON time period and the OFF time period of each medium priority circuit branch.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:identifying one or more energy storage systems within the site, a circuit branch that each of the one or more energy storage systems is located, and an energy level of each of the one or more energy storage systems,wherein calculating, for each circuit branch in the site, the ON time period and the OFF time period is further based on the energy level of an energy storage system of the one or more energy storage systems within that corresponding circuit branch.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the calculating the ON time period and the OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site comprises utilizing a stochastic gradient descent algorithm.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the calculating the ON time period and the OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site comprises utilizing a dynamic heuristic algorithm.

8. A system for localized power rationing in a power grid comprising:a processing system;one or more storage media; andinstructions stored on the one or more storage media that, when executed by the processing system, direct the processing system to:receive, from a power grid utility, an available power budget for a site connected to the power grid that is lower than a predicted power budget for all circuit branches in the site being turned on;calculate, for each circuit branch in the site, an ON time period and an OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site; and send, to each circuit branch in the site, the ON time period and the OFF time period calculated for that corresponding circuit branch.17 ETN-127XINPCT P24-1802W001 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the instructions further direct the processing system to:calculate, for each circuit branch in the site, a delay time period based on the received available power budget for the site; andsend, to each circuit branch in the site, an off signal to turn off or remain off or an on signal to turn on or remain on.

10. The system of claim 8, wherein the instructions further direct the processing system to identify high priority circuit branches and low priority circuit branches within the site,wherein the instructions that direct the processing system to calculate the ON time period and the OFF time period further direct the processing to:calculate, for each high priority circuit branch, the ON time period and the OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site; and calculate, for each low priority circuit branch, the ON time period and the OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site and the ON time period and the OFF time period of each high priority circuit branch.

11. The system of claim 10, wherein the instructions further direct the processing system to identify medium priority circuit branches within the site,wherein the instructions that direct the processing system to calculate the ON time period and the OFF time period further direct the processing to calculate, for each medium priority circuit branch, the ON time period and the OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site and the ON time period and the OFF time period of each high priority circuit branch,wherein the instructions that direct the processing system to calculate, for each low priority circuit branch, the ON time period and the OFF time period is further based on the ON time period and the OFF time period of each medium priority circuit branch.

12. The system of claim 8, wherein the instructions further direct the processing system to identify one or more energy storage systems within the site, a circuit branch that each of the one or more energy storage systems is located, and an energy level of each of the one or more energy storage systems,18 ETN-127XINPCT P24-1802W001 wherein the instructions that direct the processing system to calculate, for each circuit branch in the site, the ON time period and the OFF time period is further based on the energy level of an energy storage system of the one or more energy storage systems within that corresponding circuit branch.

13. The system of claim 8, wherein the instructions that direct the processing system to calculate the ON time period and the OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site comprises utilizing a stochastic gradient descent algorithm.

14. The system of claim 8, wherein the instructions that direct the processing system to calculate the ON time period and the OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site comprises utilizing a dynamic heuristic algorithm.

15. One or more computer readable storage media having instructions stored thereon that, when executed by a processing system, direct the processing system to:receive, from a power grid utility, an available power budget for a site connected to the power grid that is lower than a predicted power budget for all circuit branches in the site being turned on;calculate, for each circuit branch in the site, an ON time period and an OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site; andsend, to each circuit branch in the site, the ON time period and the OFF time period calculated for that corresponding circuit branch.

16. The computer readable storage media of claim 15, wherein the instructions further direct the processing system to:calculate, for each circuit branch in the site, a delay time period based on the received available power budget for the site; andsend, to each circuit branch in the site, an off signal to turn off or remain off or an on second signal to turn on or remain on.

17. The computer readable storage media of claim 15, wherein the instructions further direct the processing system to identify high priority circuit branches and low priority circuit branches within the site,19 ETN-127XINPCT P24-1802W001 wherein the instructions that direct the processing system to calculate the ON time period and the OFF time period further direct the processing to:calculate, for each high priority circuit branch, the ON time period and the OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site; and calculate, for each low priority circuit branch, the ON time period and the OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site and the ON time period and the OFF time period of each high priority circuit branch.

18. The computer readable storage media of claim 17, wherein the instructions further direct the processing system to identify medium priority circuit branches within the site,wherein the instructions that direct the processing system to calculate the ON time period and the OFF time period further direct the processing to calculate, for each medium priority circuit branch, the ON time period and the OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site and the ON time period and the OFF time period of each high priority circuit branch,wherein the instructions that direct the processing system to calculate, for each low priority circuit branch, the ON time period and the OFF time period is further based on the ON time period and the OFF time period of each medium priority circuit branch.

19. The computer readable storage media of claim 15, wherein the instructions further direct the processing system to identify one or more energy storage systems within the site, a circuit branch that each of the one or more energy storage systems is located, and an energy level of each of the one or more energy storage systems,wherein the instructions that direct the processing system to calculate, for each circuit branch in the site, the ON time period and the OFF time period is further based on the energy level of an energy storage system of the one or more energy storage systems within that corresponding circuit branch.

20. The computer readable storage media of claim 15, wherein the instructions that direct the processing system to calculate the ON time period and the OFF time period based on the received available power budget for the site comprises utilizing a stochastic gradient descent algorithm.

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