Wall structure

Abstract

Provided is a wall structure that permits easy strength design while making use of the texture of wooden braces.　The wall structure comprises: a frame including a pair of wooden vertical members and a pair of wooden horizontal members; a wooden first brace and a wooden second brace; metal extending / retracting members; and a covering member. The first brace is provided between a first attachment portion and a second attachment portion that are displaced relative to one another in the frame when relative horizontal displacement occurs between the pair of horizontal members. The second brace is provided between the first attachment portion and a third attachment portion that are displaced relative to one another in the frame when said relative displacement occurs. The extending / retracting members are interposed between the first attachment portion and the first brace and second brace, and have extending / retracting properties that allow the extending / retracting members to deform elastically in the compression direction and tension direction of the first brace and the second brace. The covering member has a first covering portion, a second covering portion, and a third covering portion that are fixed to the frame while covering the extending / retracting members.

Description

Wall structure

[0001] The present invention relates to a wall structure of a building.

[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses a building made of reinforced concrete. This building includes a column-beam framework composed of columns and beams made of reinforced concrete, and braces provided between column-beam joints in the column-beam framework. The brace has a brace body formed of wood, a first connecting portion fixed to one column-beam joint, and a second connecting portion fixed to the other column-beam joint. The second connecting portion has a compression coil spring that elastically deforms when the column-beam framework undergoes shear deformation during an earthquake.

[0003] Patent Document 1 discloses that when fixing the second connecting portion of the brace to the column-beam joint, a formwork is assembled at the column-beam joint, steel bars are arranged in the formwork, mortar is injected into the formwork and filled between the column-beam joint and the pressing member of the second connecting portion, and the mortar is cured to form a connecting block. However, since at least a part of the second connecting portion is exposed, there is a problem that the texture of the wooden brace cannot be fully utilized. Also, there is room for improvement in the strength design of the structure of the column-beam framework.

[0004] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2015 - 140616

[0005] An object of the present invention is to provide a wall structure capable of easily performing strength design while making use of the texture of a wooden brace.

[0006] A wall structure according to one aspect of the present invention is a wall structure for a building. This wall structure comprises a frame having a pair of wooden vertical members extending in a predetermined vertical direction and spaced apart in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the vertical direction, and a pair of wooden horizontal members extending in the horizontal direction and spaced apart in the vertical direction so as to connect the pair of vertical members, a first wooden brace provided between a first mounting portion and a second mounting portion that displace relative to each other in the frame when a relative displacement occurs in the horizontal direction with respect to the pair of horizontal members, a second wooden brace provided between the first mounting portion and a third mounting portion that displace relative to each other in the frame when the relative displacement occurs, and a metal expandable member interposed between the first mounting portion and the first and second braces and fixed to the first mounting portion, having expandability that allows elastic deformation in the compression and tension directions of the first and second braces, wherein the expandability The covering member comprises: an expandable member having greater expandability than the expandability of the first brace and the second brace in the compression and tension directions; a first covering portion fixed to the frame, exposing the first brace and the second brace on one side in an orthogonal direction perpendicular to the longitudinal and transverse directions, and covering the expandable member from that one side in the orthogonal direction; a second covering portion fixed to the frame, exposing the first brace and the second brace on the other side in the orthogonal direction, and covering the expandable member from that other side in the orthogonal direction; and a third covering portion fixed to the frame, allowing the first brace and the second brace to extend from the first mounting portion toward the second and third mounting portions, and covering the expandable member from the side opposite to the first mounting portion.

[0007] As described above, the present invention provides a wall structure that allows for easy strength design while making use of the texture of wooden braces.

[0008] This is a front view of a building wall structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. This is a side view of the vicinity of an expansion member in the wall structure, viewed from the side. This is a front view of a wall structure according to a modified embodiment.

[0009] Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the attached drawings. Note that the following embodiments are examples that embody the present invention and do not limit the technical scope of the present invention. Furthermore, in the following description, directional relationships will be explained using mutually orthogonal vertical directions D1, horizontal direction D2, and orthogonal direction D3. Vertical direction D1 is the up and down direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane, horizontal direction D2 is parallel to the horizontal plane and perpendicular to vertical direction D1, and orthogonal direction D3 is perpendicular to both vertical direction D1 and horizontal direction D2.

[0010] Figure 1 is a front view of a wall structure 1 of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention, viewed from a perpendicular direction D3. Figure 2 is a side view of the vicinity of the expansion member 4 in the wall structure 1, viewed from a lateral direction D2. The wall structure 1 is a wall structure for separating the interior space between the floor and ceiling from the outside in a wooden building. The wall structure 1 comprises a wooden frame 2, wooden first braces 31 and second braces 32, a metal expansion member 4, and a covering member 6.

[0011] The structural frame 2 is the part that constitutes the framework that structurally supports the entire building, and has a pair of wooden vertical members 21 and a pair of wooden horizontal members 22. The pair of vertical members 21 are made up of, for example, wooden columns. The pair of vertical members 21 are provided to extend in the vertical direction D1 and be spaced apart in the horizontal direction D2. The pair of horizontal members 22 are made up of, for example, wooden beams. The pair of horizontal members 22 are provided to extend in the horizontal direction D2 so as to connect the pair of vertical members 21 and be spaced apart in the vertical direction D1.

[0012] The first brace 31 is a wooden member provided between a first mounting portion 2A and a second mounting portion 2B in the building structure 2, which are relative to each other when a relative displacement in the lateral direction D2 occurs with respect to a pair of horizontal members 22. In the example shown in Figure 1, the first mounting portion 2A is formed by the central portion in the lateral direction D2 between a pair of vertical members 21 on the horizontal member 22 located on the upper D12 side of the vertical direction D1 of the pair of horizontal members 22. The second mounting portion 2B is formed by the portion of the vertical member 21 located on the one D21 side of the lateral direction D2 of the pair of vertical members 21, adjacent to the portion where the horizontal member 22 located on the lower D11 side of the vertical direction D1 of the pair of horizontal members 22 is connected, on the upper D12 side. The first brace 31 extends so as to move toward the one D21 side of the lateral direction D2 as it moves from the first mounting portion 2A toward the second mounting portion 2B, and is inclined.

[0013] The second brace 32 is a wooden member provided between the first mounting portion 2A and the third mounting portion 2C in the building structure 2, which are relative to each other when a relative displacement in the lateral direction D2 occurs with respect to the pair of horizontal members 22. In the example shown in Figure 1, the third mounting portion 2C is formed by the portion of the vertical member 21 located on the other side D22 of the lateral direction D2 of the pair of vertical members 21, adjacent to the portion where the horizontal member 22 located on the lower side D11 of the vertical direction D1 of the pair of horizontal members 22 is connected, on the upper D12 side. The second brace 32 extends so as to move from the first mounting portion 2A towards the third mounting portion 2C, and inclined toward the other side D22 of the lateral direction D2.

[0014] The expandable member 4 is a metal member interposed between the first mounting portion 2A and the first brace 31 and the second brace 32, and fixed to the first mounting portion 2A. The expandable member 4 has expandability that allows it to be elastically deformed in the compression and tension directions of the first brace 31 and the second brace 32. The expandability of the expandable member 4 is higher than the expandability of the first brace 31 and the second brace 32 in the compression and tension directions.

[0015] In the example shown in Figure 1, the wall structure 1 includes an expandable member 4 on the first brace 31 side interposed between the first mounting portion 2A and the first brace 31, and an expandable member 4 on the second brace 32 side interposed between the first mounting portion 2A and the second brace 32. The shape of each expandable member 4 is not particularly limited as long as it has expandability that allows it to be elastically deformed in the compression and tension directions of the first brace 31 and the second brace 32.

[0016] For example, the expandable member 4 on the first brace 31 side may have a flat plate-shaped first extension 4A1 that extends toward the first mounting portion 2A from the end face of the first brace 31 closest to the first mounting portion 2A and has a smaller cross-sectional area than the first brace 31, a curved first expandable portion 4A2 provided between the first extension 4A1 and the first mounting portion 2A, and a flat plate-shaped first connecting portion 4A3 that extends toward the first mounting portion 2A from the first expandable portion 4A2 and is connected to the first mounting portion 2A. In this case, as shown in Figure 2, the expandable member 4 on the first brace 31 side has a structure in which the first expandable portion 4A2 is connected between the first extension 4A1 and the first connecting portion 4A3 by a bolt 92. The expandable member 4 on the first brace 31 side is connected between the first brace 31 and the first mounting portion 2A at the first extension portion 4A1 and the first connecting portion 4A3, and the first expandable portion 4A2 is elastically deformable in the compression and tension directions of the first brace 31.

[0017] Similarly, the expandable member 4 on the second brace 32 side may have a flat plate-shaped second extension 4B1 that extends toward the first mounting portion 2A from the end face of the second brace 32 closest to the first mounting portion 2A and has a smaller cross-sectional area than the second brace 32, a curved second expandable portion 4B2 provided between the second extension 4B1 and the first mounting portion 2A, and a flat plate-shaped second connecting portion 4B3 that extends toward the first mounting portion 2A from the second expandable portion 4B2 and is connected to the first mounting portion 2A. The expandable member 4 on the second brace 32 side is connected between the second brace 32 and the first mounting portion 2A at the second extension 4B1 and the second connecting portion 4B3, and the second expandable portion 4B2 is elastically deformable in the compression and tension directions of the second brace 32.

[0018] The covering member 6 is a member for covering the metal expandable member 4. The covering member 6 includes a first wall material 61 having a first covering portion 6A, a second wall material 62 having a second covering portion 6B, and a space covering member 63 having a third covering portion 6C.

[0019] The first wall material 61 is made of, for example, a gypsum board made of a fire-resistant material and has a first covering portion 6A. The first covering portion 6A is fixed to the building structure 2 in such a state that the first brace 31 and the second brace 32 are exposed to the interior side on one side D31 of the orthogonal direction D3, and the expansion member 4 is covered from the interior side on one side D31 of the orthogonal direction D3. The first covering portion 6A is fixed to, for example, the side of the stud 23 that extends downward D11 in the vertical direction D1 from the horizontal member 22 including the first mounting portion 2A in the building structure 2, facing one side D31 of the orthogonal direction D3. In the wall structure 1, the first wall material 61 can also be used as the first covering portion 6A for covering the expansion member 4.

[0020] The second wall material 62 is made of, for example, a fire-resistant gypsum board and has a second covering portion 6B. The second covering portion 6B is fixed to the building structure 2 in such a state that the first brace 31 and the second brace 32 are exposed to the exterior side on the other D32 side in the orthogonal direction D3, and the expansion member 4 is covered from the exterior side on the other D32 side in the orthogonal direction D3. The second covering portion 6B is fixed to, for example, the side of the stud 23 that extends downward D11 in the vertical direction D1 from the horizontal member 22 including the first mounting portion 2A in the building structure 2, facing the other D32 side in the orthogonal direction D3. In the wall structure 1, the second wall material 62 can also be used as the second covering portion 6B for covering the expansion member 4.

[0021] The space covering member 63 is made of, for example, a fire-resistant calcium silicate board and has a third covering portion 6C. The third covering portion 6C is fixed to the building structure 2 in a state that it allows the first brace 31 and the second brace 32 to extend from the first mounting portion 2A toward the second mounting portion 2B and the third mounting portion 2C, and covers the expansion member 4 from the downward D11 side opposite to the first mounting portion 2A in the vertical direction D1. The third covering portion 6C is fixed to a runner 24 that supports a stud 23 extending downward D11 in the vertical direction D1 from a horizontal member 22 including the first mounting portion 2A in the building structure 2 on the downward D11 side.

[0022] As shown in Figure 2, the covering member 6 further includes a fascia board 64. The fascia board 64 has the function of a so-called curtain wall and has a second covering portion 6B for covering the expansion member 4, and a structural covering portion 6E that covers the horizontal member 22, including the first mounting portion 2A, from the outdoor side on the other D32 side in the orthogonal direction D3. The fascia board 64 is supported by a support member 93 that extends from the horizontal member 22, including the first mounting portion 2A, to the outdoor side on the other D32 side in the orthogonal direction D3, and is therefore provided at a position away from the structural body 2 on the other D32 side in the orthogonal direction D3. A glass plate 81 is provided on the outdoor side on the other D32 side in the orthogonal direction D3 relative to the fascia board 64. The glass plate 81 is supported by a support member 94 attached to the fascia board 64 and the space covering member 63, etc.

[0023] Furthermore, the space covering member 63 has a third covering portion 6C for covering the expandable member 4, as well as a fourth covering portion 6D that extends from the third covering portion 6C to the other D32 side in the orthogonal direction D3 and covers the space between the building structure 2 and the fascia board 64 from the side opposite to the first mounting portion 2A. In the wall structure 1, the space covering member 63 for covering the space between the fascia board 64 and the building structure 2 can also be used as the third covering portion 6C for covering the expandable member 4. In the wall structure 1 equipped with the space covering member 63, the first wall surface material 61 extends from the end of the space covering member 63 on the one D31 side in the orthogonal direction D3 toward the first mounting portion 2A. The second wall surface material 62 extends from the part of the space covering member 63 on the other D32 side in the orthogonal direction D3 toward the first mounting portion 2A.

[0024] As explained above, in wall structure 1, the wooden first brace 31 and second brace 32 are fixed to the wooden frame 2 via a metal expansion member 4. Furthermore, the expansion and contraction of the expansion member 4 is greater than that of the first brace 31 and second brace 32. Therefore, compared to the case where the first brace 31 and second brace 32 are directly fixed to the frame 2, the tensile and compressive loads borne by the first brace 31 and second brace 32 when a relative displacement of lateral direction D2 occurs with respect to the pair of lateral members 22 can be reduced. This makes it possible to suppress damage to the first brace 31 and second brace 32 when relative displacement occurs, thus simplifying the strength design of the frame structure.

[0025] Furthermore, the wooden first brace 31 and second brace 32 extend from the first mounting portion 2A of the frame 2 toward the second mounting portion 2B and the third mounting portion 2C, and are exposed on one side D31 and the other side D32 in the orthogonal direction D3. The expandable member 4 is covered by the first covering portion 6A, the second covering portion 6B, and the third covering portion 6C from one side D31 and the other side D32 in the orthogonal direction D3, and from the side opposite to the first mounting portion 2A. This allows the texture of the wooden first brace 31 and second brace 32 to be preserved while covering the metal expandable member 4.

[0026] Furthermore, because the expansion member 4 is covered by the first covering portion 6A, the second covering portion 6B, and the third covering portion 6C, it is possible to suppress the direct exposure of the metal expansion member 4 to flames in the event of a fire. This suppresses the transfer of heat from the flames to the wooden frame 2, the first brace 31, and the second brace 32 through the metal expansion member 4, which has high thermal conductivity. As a result, it is possible to suppress the shortening of the time it takes for the wooden frame 2, etc., to reach the spontaneous combustion temperature in the event of a fire, thereby improving the fire resistance performance of the frame structure.

[0027] Furthermore, since the first covering portion 6A, the second covering portion 6B, and the third covering portion 6C that cover the expandable member 4 are made of a fire-resistant material, it is possible to more reliably prevent the metal expandable member 4 from being directly exposed to flames in the event of a fire.

[0028] As shown in Figure 2, the wall structure 1 is partitioned by a first covering section 6A, a second covering section 6B, and a third covering section 6C, and is provided within a storage space 6S for housing the expandable member 4. It may also further include a fire-resistant member 7 that surrounds the expandable member 4. The fire-resistant member 7 is made of, for example, rock wool. In this case, since the fire-resistant member 7 surrounds the metal expandable member 4 within the storage space 6S, it is possible to more reliably prevent the metal expandable member 4 from being directly exposed to flames in the event of a fire.

[0029] As shown in Figure 1, the third covering portion 6C of the space covering member 63 may have a first insertion hole 6C1 that restricts the insertion of the first brace 31 and allows the insertion of the first extension portion 4A1 of the expandable member 4 on the first brace 31 side, and a second insertion hole 6C2 that restricts the insertion of the second brace 32 and allows the insertion of the second extension portion 4B1 of the expandable member 4 on the second brace 32 side. In this case, the third covering portion 6C can be positioned such that the first insertion hole 6C1 is blocked by the first brace 31 and the second insertion hole 6C2 is blocked by the second brace 32, thereby covering the metal expandable member 4.

[0030] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 1, the first mounting portion 2A may have a first mounting side groove 2A1 having a predetermined groove shape. The first brace 31 may have a groove-shaped first brace side end groove 311 formed at one end on the first mounting portion 2A side, and the second brace 32 may have a groove-shaped second brace side end groove 321 formed at one end on the first mounting portion 2A side. The wall structure 1 may further include a first connecting member 51, a second connecting member 52, and a third connecting member 53.

[0031] The first connecting member 51 is a metal plate-shaped member that connects the first mounting portion 2A and the expandable member 4 when inserted into the first mounting groove 2A1 of the first mounting portion 2A. The first connecting member 51 has a first insertion portion 511 that is inserted into the first mounting groove 2A1 and a first non-insertion portion 512 that is exposed from the first mounting groove 2A1. In the first connecting member 51, the first insertion portion 511 inserted into the first mounting groove 2A1 is fixed to the first mounting portion 2A by a drift pin 91 that penetrates in the orthogonal direction D3, and the first non-insertion portion 512 is fixed to the first connection portion 4A3 of the expandable member 4 on the first brace 31 side and the second connection portion 4B3 of the expandable member 4 on the second brace 32 side by a bolt 92. The first connecting member 51 connects the first mounting portion 2A and the expandable member 4, with the first insertion portion 511, which is inserted into the first mounting groove 2A1, fixed to the first mounting portion 2A, and the first non-insertion portion 512 fixed to the expandable member 4.

[0032] The second connecting member 52 is a metal plate-shaped member that connects the first brace 31 to the expandable member 4 so that the first brace 31 is in close contact with the third covering portion 6C when inserted into the first brace-side end groove 311 of the first brace 31. The second connecting member 52 has a second insertion portion 521 that is inserted into the first brace-side end groove 311 and a second non-insertion portion 522 that is exposed from the first brace-side end groove 311. In the second connecting member 52, the second insertion portion 521 inserted into the first brace-side end groove 311 is fixed to one end of the first brace 31 by a drift pin 91 that penetrates in the orthogonal direction D3, and the second non-insertion portion 522 is fixed to the first extension portion 4A1 of the expandable member 4 on the first brace 31 side by a bolt 92. Furthermore, when fixing the second insertion portion 521, which is inserted into the groove 311 on the first brace side, to one end of the first brace 31 using a drift pin 91 in the second connecting member 52, the drift pin 91 is driven in along the orthogonal direction D3 using a tool such as a hammer. Therefore, even if the first brace 31 is in close contact with the third covering portion 6C and no gap is formed between the first brace 31 and the third covering portion 6C, fixing with the drift pin 91 is possible. The second connecting member 52 connects the first brace 31 to the expandable member 4 so that the first brace 31 is in close contact with the third covering portion 6C, with the second insertion portion 521, which is inserted into the groove 311 on the first brace side, fixed to one end of the first brace 31 and the second non-insertion portion 522 fixed to the expandable member 4.

[0033] The third connecting member 53 is a metal plate-shaped member that connects the second brace 32 to the expandable member 4 so that the second brace 32 is in close contact with the third covering portion 6C when inserted into the groove 321 at the end of the second brace 32. The third connecting member 53 has a third insertion portion 531 that is inserted into the groove 321 at the end of the second brace 32, and a third non-insertion portion 532 that is exposed from the groove 321 at the end of the second brace 32. In the third connecting member 53, the third insertion portion 531 inserted into the groove 321 at the end of the second brace 32 is fixed to one end of the second brace 32 by a drift pin 91 that penetrates in the orthogonal direction D3, and the third non-insertion portion 532 is fixed to the second extension portion 4B1 of the expandable member 4 on the second brace 32 side by a bolt 92. Furthermore, when fixing the third insertion portion 531, which is inserted into the groove 321 on the second brace side, to one end of the second brace 32 with a drift pin 91 in the third connecting member 53, the drift pin 91 is driven in along the orthogonal direction D3 using a tool such as a hammer. Therefore, even if the second brace 32 is in close contact with the third covering portion 6C and no gap is formed between the second brace 32 and the third covering portion 6C, fixing with the drift pin 91 is possible. The third connecting member 53 connects the second brace 32 to the expandable member 4 so that the second brace 32 is in close contact with the third covering portion 6C, with the third insertion portion 531, which is inserted into the groove 321 on the second brace side, fixed to one end of the second brace 32 and the third non-insertion portion 532 fixed to the expandable member 4.

[0034] In the wall structure 1, with the first mounting portion 2A of the frame 2 and the expandable member 4 connected by a first metal connecting member 51, one end of the first brace 31 is connected to the expandable member 4 by a second metal connecting member 52, and one end of the second brace 32 is connected to the expandable member 4 by a third metal connecting member 53. Here, since the first brace 31 and the second brace 32 are in close contact with the third covering portion 6C fixed to the frame 2 while connected to the expandable member 4, the strength of the frame structure can be increased compared to the case where a gap is formed between the first brace 31 and the second brace 32 and the third covering portion 6C.

[0035] Furthermore, the first metal connecting member 51 is inserted into the first mounting groove 2A1 of the first mounting portion 2A of the wooden frame 2, the second metal connecting member 52 is inserted into the first brace-side end groove 311 of the wooden first brace 31, and the third metal connecting member 53 is inserted into the second brace-side end groove 321 of the wooden second brace 32. In this case, when a fire occurs, the first metal connecting member 51, the second connecting member 52, and the third connecting member 53 are prevented from being directly exposed to flames, thereby preventing the heat of the flames from being transmitted to the wooden frame 2, etc., through the first metal connecting member 51, the second connecting member 52, and the third connecting member 53. This improves the fire resistance performance of the frame structure.

[0036] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 1, the second mounting portion 2B may have a second mounting side groove 2B1 with a predetermined groove shape, and the third mounting portion 2C may have a third mounting side groove 2C1 with a predetermined groove shape. Also, the first brace 31 may have a first brace side other end groove 312 with a groove shape formed at the other end on the second mounting portion 2B side, and the second brace 32 may have a second brace side other end groove 322 with a groove shape formed at the other end on the third mounting portion 2C side. The wall structure 1 may further include a fourth connecting member 54 and a fifth connecting member 55.

[0037] The fourth connecting member 54 is a metal plate-shaped member that connects the second mounting portion 2B and the first brace 31 so that they are in close contact with each other when inserted into the second mounting groove 2B1 of the second mounting portion 2B and the groove 312 on the other end of the first brace 31. The fourth connecting member 54 has a second mounting side fixing portion 541 that extends from the end face of the first brace 31 closest to the second mounting portion 2B and is inserted into the second mounting groove 2B1, and a first brace side fixing portion 542 that has a smaller cross-sectional area than the first brace 31 and is inserted into the groove 312 on the other end of the first brace. The second mounting side fixing portion 541 is fixed to the second mounting portion 2B in a state where the end face of the first brace 31 closest to the second mounting portion 2B and the second mounting portion 2B are in close contact with each other. In the fourth connecting member 54, the second mounting side fixing portion 541, which is inserted into the second mounting side groove 2B1, is fixed to the second mounting portion 2B by a drift pin 91 that penetrates in the orthogonal direction D3, and the first brace side fixing portion 542, which is inserted into the first brace side other end groove 312, is fixed to the other end of the first brace 31 by a drift pin 91 that penetrates in the orthogonal direction D3, thereby connecting the second mounting portion 2B and the first brace 31 so that they are in close contact with each other. When performing the installation of the fourth connecting member 54, in which the second mounting side fixing portion 541 inserted into the second mounting side groove 2B1 is fixed to the second mounting portion 2B by a drift pin 91, and the first brace side fixing portion 542 inserted into the first brace side other end groove 312 is fixed to the other end of the first brace 31 by a drift pin 91, the drift pin 91 is driven in along the orthogonal direction D3 using a tool such as a hammer. Therefore, even if the second mounting portion 2B and the first brace 31 are in close contact with each other and no gap is formed between them, the drift pin 91 can be used to fix them in place.

[0038] The fifth connecting member 55 is a metal plate-shaped member that connects the third mounting portion 2C and the second brace 32 so that they are in close contact with each other when inserted into the third mounting groove 2C1 of the third mounting portion 2C and the second brace-side other end groove 322 of the second brace 32. The fifth connecting member 55 has a third mounting side fixing portion 551 that extends from the end face of the second brace 32 closest to the third mounting portion 2C and is inserted into the third mounting groove 2C1, and a second brace-side fixing portion 552 that has a smaller cross-sectional area than the second brace 32 and is inserted into the second brace-side other end groove 322. The third mounting side fixing portion 551 is fixed to the third mounting portion 2C in a state where the end face of the second brace 32 closest to the third mounting portion 2C and the third mounting portion 2C are in close contact with each other. In the fifth connecting member 55, the third mounting side fixing portion 551, which is inserted into the third mounting side groove 2C1, is fixed to the third mounting portion 2C by a drift pin 91 that penetrates in the orthogonal direction D3, and the second brace side fixing portion 552, which is inserted into the second brace side other end groove 322, is fixed to the other end of the second brace 32 by a drift pin 91 that penetrates in the orthogonal direction D3, thereby connecting the third mounting portion 2C and the second brace 32 so that they are in close contact with each other. When performing the installation of the fifth connecting member 55, in which the third mounting side fixing portion 551 inserted into the third mounting side groove 2C1 is fixed to the third mounting portion 2C by a drift pin 91, and the second brace side fixing portion 552 inserted into the second brace side other end groove 322 is fixed to the other end of the second brace 32 by a drift pin 91, the drift pin 91 is driven in along the orthogonal direction D3 using a tool such as a hammer. Therefore, even if the third mounting portion 2C and the second brace 32 are in close contact with each other and no gap is formed between them, the drift pin 91 can be used to fix them in place.

[0039] In wall structure 1, the first brace 31 is in close contact with the second mounting portion 2B with the second mounting portion 2B of the building structure 2 inserted and fixed by the second mounting portion 541 of the metal fourth connecting member 54, and the second brace 32 is in close contact with the third mounting portion 2C with the third mounting portion 2C of the building structure 2 inserted and fixed by the third mounting portion 551 of the metal fifth connecting member 55. This prevents the exposure of the metal fourth connecting member 54 and fifth connecting member 55, and increases the strength of the building structure compared to the case where a gap is formed between the first brace 31 and second brace 32 and the building structure 2.

[0040] Furthermore, the metal fourth connecting member 54 is inserted into the second mounting groove 2B1 of the second mounting portion 2B of the wooden frame 2 and the groove 312 on the other end of the first brace side of the wooden first brace 31, and the metal fifth connecting member 55 is inserted into the third mounting groove 2C1 of the third mounting portion 2C of the wooden frame 2 and the groove 322 on the other end of the second brace side of the wooden second brace 32. In this case, when a fire occurs, the metal fourth connecting member 54 and the fifth connecting member 55 are prevented from being directly exposed to flames, and thus the heat from the flames is prevented from being transmitted to the wooden frame 2, etc., through the metal fourth connecting member 54 and the fifth connecting member 55. This improves the fire resistance performance of the frame structure.

[0041] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 1, the wall structure 1 may further include a first reinforcing member 56 and a second reinforcing member 57.

[0042] The first reinforcing member 56 is a metal plate-shaped member fixed to the side of the second mounting portion 2B opposite to the first brace 31, while being fixed to the second mounting side fixing portion 541 of the fourth connecting member 54. The second reinforcing member 57 is a metal plate-shaped member fixed to the side of the third mounting portion 2C opposite to the second brace 32, while being fixed to the third mounting side fixing portion 551 of the fifth connecting member 55.

[0043] In the wall structure 1 provided with the first reinforcing member 56, the metal first reinforcing member 56 is fixed to the second attachment-side fixing portion 541 inserted into the second attachment portion 2B of the housing 2. Here, the first reinforcing member 56 is provided along the side surface opposite to the first brace 31 of the second attachment portion 2B of the housing 2 in a state of being fixed to the second attachment-side fixing portion 541. In this case, when a relative displacement in the lateral direction D2 occurs between the pair of lateral members 22 and the first brace 31 attempts to rotate with one end on the first attachment portion 2A side as the center and the other end moving away from the second attachment portion 2B, the first reinforcing member 56 receives a reaction force and can suppress the rotation of the first brace 31. Thereby, the strength of the connection structure between the second attachment portion 2B of the housing 2 and the first brace 31 via the second attachment-side fixing portion 541 can be enhanced.

[0044] In the wall structure 1 provided with the second reinforcing member 57, the metal second reinforcing member 57 is fixed to the third attachment-side fixing portion 551 inserted into the third attachment portion 2C of the housing 2. Here, the second reinforcing member 57 is provided along the side surface opposite to the second brace 32 of the third attachment portion 2C of the housing 2 in a state of being fixed to the third attachment-side fixing portion 551. In this case, when a relative displacement in the lateral direction D2 occurs between the pair of lateral members 22 and the second brace 32 attempts to rotate with one end on the first attachment portion 2A side as the center and the other end moving away from the third attachment portion 2C, the second reinforcing member 57 receives a reaction force and can suppress the rotation of the second brace 32. Thereby, the strength of the connection structure between the third attachment portion 2C of the housing 2 and the second brace 32 via the third attachment-side fixing portion 551 can be enhanced.

[0045] As described above, the embodiments of the present invention have been described, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. For example, the following modified embodiments may be adopted.

[0046] Figure 3 is a front view of the wall structure 1 according to a modified embodiment, as viewed from the orthogonal direction D3. The wall structure 1 according to the modified embodiment is the same as the above embodiment, except that the positions of the first attachment portion 2A, the second attachment portion 2B, and the third attachment portion 2C in the housing 2 where the first brace 31 and the second brace 32 extend are different. Therefore, in the wall structure 1 according to the modified embodiment, the description of the same parts as in the above embodiment will be omitted, and the configuration of the different parts will be described in detail.

[0047] In the wall structure 1 according to the modified embodiment, in the housing 2, the first attachment portion 2A is constituted by the central portion in the longitudinal direction D1 between the pair of transverse members 22 in the longitudinal member 21 located on one D21 side in the transverse direction D2 among the pair of longitudinal members 21. In the housing 2, the second attachment portion 2B is constituted by the portion adjacent to the one D21 side with respect to the portion where the longitudinal member 21 located on the other D22 side in the transverse direction D2 among the pair of longitudinal members 21 is connected to the transverse member 22 located on the upper D12 side in the longitudinal direction D1 among the pair of transverse members 22. In the housing 2, the third attachment portion 2C is constituted by the portion adjacent to the one D21 side with respect to the portion where the longitudinal member 21 located on the other D22 side in the transverse direction D2 among the pair of longitudinal members 21 is connected to the transverse member 22 located on the lower D11 side in the longitudinal direction D1 among the pair of transverse members 22.

[0048] The first brace 31 provided between the first attachment portion 2A and the second attachment portion 2B extends so as to incline towards the upper D12 side in the longitudinal direction D1 as it goes from the first attachment portion 2A towards the second attachment portion 2B. The second brace 32 provided between the first attachment portion 2A and the third attachment portion 2C extends so as to incline towards the lower D11 side in the longitudinal direction D1 as it goes from the first attachment portion 2A towards the third attachment portion 2C. And a telescopic member 4 is interposed between the first attachment portion 2A, the first brace 31, and the second brace 32.

[0049] The wooden first brace 31 and second brace 32 extend from the first mounting portion 2A of the frame 2 toward the second mounting portion 2B and third mounting portion 2C, and are exposed on one side D31 and the other side D32 in the orthogonal direction D3. The expandable member 4 is covered by the first covering portion 6A, the second covering portion 6B, and the third covering portion 6C from one side D31 and the other side D32 in the orthogonal direction D3, and from the side opposite to the first mounting portion 2A. This allows the texture of the wooden first brace 31 and second brace 32 to be preserved while covering the metal expandable member 4.

[0050] Furthermore, because the expansion members 4 are covered by the first covering portion 6A, the second covering portion 6B, and the third covering portion 6C, it is possible to suppress the direct exposure of the metal expansion members 4 to flames in the event of a fire. This suppresses the transfer of heat from the flames to the wooden frame 2, the first brace 31, and the second brace 32 through the metal expansion members 4, which have high thermal conductivity. As a result, it is possible to suppress the shortening of the time it takes for the wooden frame 2, etc., to reach the spontaneous combustion temperature in the event of a fire, thereby improving the fire resistance performance of the frame structure.

[0051] The specific embodiments described above mainly include inventions having the following configurations.

[0052] A wall structure according to one aspect of the present invention is a wall structure for a building. This wall structure comprises a frame having a pair of wooden vertical members extending in a predetermined vertical direction and spaced apart in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the vertical direction, and a pair of wooden horizontal members extending in the horizontal direction and spaced apart in the vertical direction so as to connect the pair of vertical members, a first wooden brace provided between a first mounting portion and a second mounting portion that displace relative to each other in the frame when a relative displacement occurs in the horizontal direction with respect to the pair of horizontal members, a second wooden brace provided between the first mounting portion and a third mounting portion that displace relative to each other in the frame when the relative displacement occurs, and a metal expandable member interposed between the first mounting portion and the first and second braces and fixed to the first mounting portion, having expandability that allows elastic deformation in the compression and tension directions of the first and second braces, wherein the expandability The covering member comprises: an expandable member having greater expandability than the expandability of the first brace and the second brace in the compression and tension directions; a first covering portion fixed to the frame, exposing the first brace and the second brace on one side in an orthogonal direction perpendicular to the longitudinal and transverse directions, and covering the expandable member from that one side in the orthogonal direction; a second covering portion fixed to the frame, exposing the first brace and the second brace on the other side in the orthogonal direction, and covering the expandable member from that other side in the orthogonal direction; and a third covering portion fixed to the frame, allowing the first brace and the second brace to extend from the first mounting portion toward the second and third mounting portions, and covering the expandable member from the side opposite to the first mounting portion.

[0053] In the aforementioned wall structure, the first and second wooden braces are fixed to the wooden frame via metal expansion members. Furthermore, the expansion and contraction of the expansion members is greater than that of the first and second braces. Therefore, compared to the case where the first and second braces are directly fixed to the frame, the tensile and compressive loads borne by the first and second braces when a relative lateral displacement occurs with respect to a pair of lateral members can be reduced. This suppresses damage to the first and second braces when relative displacement occurs, thus simplifying the strength design of the frame structure.

[0054] Furthermore, the wooden first and second braces extend from the first mounting portion of the frame toward the second and third mounting portions, and are exposed on one and the other side in the perpendicular direction. The expansion members are covered by the first, second, and third covering portions from one and the other side in the perpendicular direction and from the side opposite to the first mounting portion. This allows the texture of the wooden first and second braces to be preserved while covering the metal expansion members.

[0055] Furthermore, because the expansion members are covered by the first, second, and third covering sections, it is possible to prevent the metal expansion members from being directly exposed to flames in the event of a fire. This prevents the heat from the flames from being transmitted to the wooden frame, first brace, and second brace through the metal expansion members, which have high thermal conductivity. As a result, it is possible to prevent the time it takes for the wooden frame and other components to reach their spontaneous combustion temperature in the event of a fire from being shortened, thereby improving the fire resistance performance of the structural frame.

[0056] In the wall structure, the expandable member may have a first extension portion extending toward the first mounting portion from the end face of the first brace near the first mounting portion, having a smaller cross-sectional area than the first brace; a second extension portion extending toward the first mounting portion from the end face of the second brace near the first mounting portion, having a smaller cross-sectional area than the second brace; a first expandable portion provided between the first extension portion and the first mounting portion; and a second expandable portion provided between the second extension portion and the first mounting portion. The third covering portion has a first insertion hole that restricts the insertion of the first brace and allows the insertion of the first extension portion; and a second insertion hole that restricts the insertion of the second brace and allows the insertion of the second extension portion.

[0057] According to the wall structure, the third covering portion is positioned such that the first insertion hole is blocked by the first brace and the second insertion hole is blocked by the second brace, thereby covering a metal expandable member having a first extension portion, a second extension portion, a first expandable portion, and a second expandable portion.

[0058] The wall structure may further include: a metal second mounting-side fixing portion that extends from the end face of the first brace near the second mounting portion, having a smaller cross-sectional area than the first brace, so as to be inserted into the second mounting portion, and fixed to the second mounting portion in a state where the end face of the first brace near the second mounting portion and the second mounting portion are in close contact; and a metal third mounting-side fixing portion that extends from the end face of the second brace near the third mounting portion, having a smaller cross-sectional area than the second brace, so as to be inserted into the third mounting portion, and fixed to the third mounting portion in a state where the end face of the second brace near the third mounting portion and the third mounting portion are in close contact.

[0059] According to the wall structure described above, the first brace is in close contact with the second mounting portion when the metal second mounting portion is inserted into and fixed to the second mounting portion of the building structure, and the second brace is in close contact with the third mounting portion when the metal third mounting portion is inserted into and fixed to the third mounting portion of the building structure. This makes it possible to avoid exposure of the metal second and third mounting portion, and to increase the strength of the building structure compared to the case where a gap is formed between the first and second braces and the building structure.

[0060] The wall structure may further include a first metal reinforcing member provided along the side of the second mounting portion opposite to the first brace and fixed to the second mounting side fixing portion, and a second metal reinforcing member provided along the side of the third mounting portion opposite to the second brace and fixed to the third mounting side fixing portion.

[0061] In the aforementioned wall structure, a first metal reinforcing member is fixed to a second mounting-side fixing part that is inserted into a second mounting part of the building frame, and a second metal reinforcing member is fixed to a third mounting-side fixing part that is inserted into a third mounting part of the building frame. Here, the first reinforcing member is provided along the side of the second mounting part of the building frame opposite to the first brace while fixed to the second mounting-side fixing part. In this case, when a relative lateral displacement occurs between a pair of lateral members, and the first brace attempts to rotate around one end on the first mounting part side so that the other end moves away from the second mounting part, the first reinforcing member can receive a reaction force and suppress the rotation of the first brace. This increases the strength of the connection structure between the second mounting part of the building frame and the first brace via the second mounting-side fixing part. Furthermore, the second reinforcing member is provided along the side of the third mounting part of the building frame opposite to the second brace while fixed to the third mounting-side fixing part. In this case, when a relative lateral displacement occurs between the pair of lateral members, and the second brace attempts to rotate around one end on the first mounting side so that the other end moves away from the third mounting side, the second reinforcing member can receive a reaction force and suppress the rotation of the second brace. This increases the strength of the connection structure between the third mounting part of the building frame and the second brace via the third mounting side fixing part.

[0062] The wall structure may further include a fire-resistant member that is provided within a storage space for housing the expandable member, which is partitioned by the first covering portion, the second covering portion, and the third covering portion, and surrounds the expandable member.

[0063] According to the wall structure described above, a fire-resistant member is provided within the storage space for the expandable member, which is partitioned by the first covering portion, the second covering portion, and the third covering portion. In this case, since the fire-resistant member surrounds the metal expandable member within the storage space, it is possible to more reliably prevent the metal expandable member from being directly exposed to flames in the event of a fire.

[0064] In the wall structure, the first covering portion, the second covering portion, and the third covering portion may be made of a fire-resistant material.

[0065] According to the wall structure described above, since the first covering portion, the second covering portion, and the third covering portion covering the expandable member are made of a fire-resistant material, it is possible to more reliably prevent the metal expandable member from being directly exposed to flames in the event of a fire.

[0066] In the wall structure described above, the covering member may include a space covering member having a fascia board having the second covering portion and positioned away from the building structure on the other side in the orthogonal direction, a third covering portion, and a fourth covering portion extending from the third covering portion on the other side in the orthogonal direction and covering the space between the building structure and the fascia board from the side opposite to the first mounting portion.

[0067] According to the wall structure described above, the space covering member for covering the space between the fascia board and the building frame can also be used as a third covering part for covering the expansion and contraction member.

[0068] In the wall structure described above, the covering member may have a wall surface material that extends from one end of the space covering member in the orthogonal direction toward the first mounting portion and has the first covering portion.

[0069] According to the wall structure described above, the wall material can also be used as a first covering portion for covering the expansion and contraction member.

Claims

1. A building wall structure comprising: a frame having a pair of wooden vertical members extending in a predetermined vertical direction and spaced apart in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the vertical direction, and a pair of wooden horizontal members extending in the horizontal direction and spaced apart in the vertical direction so as to connect the pair of vertical members; a wooden first brace provided between a first mounting portion and a second mounting portion that displace relative to each other in the frame when a relative displacement occurs in the horizontal direction with respect to the pair of horizontal members; a wooden second brace provided between a first mounting portion and a third mounting portion that displace relative to each other in the frame when the relative displacement occurs; and a metal expandable member interposed between the first mounting portion and the first and second braces and fixed to the first mounting portion, having expandability that allows elastic deformation in the compression and tension directions of the first and second braces, wherein the expandability of the expandable member is higher than the expandability of the first and second braces in the compression and tension directions. A wall structure comprising: a covering member having: a first covering portion fixed to the building structure such that the first brace and the second brace are exposed on one side in an orthogonal direction perpendicular to the vertical and horizontal directions, and the expandable member is covered from the one side in the orthogonal direction; a second covering portion fixed to the building structure such that the first brace and the second brace are exposed on the other side in the orthogonal direction, and the expandable member is covered from the other side in the orthogonal direction; and a third covering portion fixed to the building structure such that the first brace and the second brace are allowed to extend from the first mounting portion toward the second and third mounting portions, and the expandable member is covered from the side opposite to the first mounting portion.

2. The wall structure according to claim 1, wherein the expandable member has a first extension portion extending toward the first mounting portion from the end face of the first brace near the first mounting portion, having a smaller cross-sectional area than the first brace; a second extension portion extending toward the first mounting portion from the end face of the second brace near the first mounting portion, having a smaller cross-sectional area than the second brace; a first expandable portion provided between the first extension portion and the first mounting portion; and a second expandable portion provided between the second extension portion and the first mounting portion, and the third covering portion has a first insertion hole that restricts the insertion of the first brace and allows the insertion of the first extension portion; and a second insertion hole that restricts the insertion of the second brace and allows the insertion of the second extension portion.

3. The wall structure according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising: a metal second mounting-side fixing portion that extends from the end face of the first brace near the second mounting portion, having a smaller cross-sectional area than the first brace, so as to be inserted into the second mounting portion, and fixed to the second mounting portion in a state where the end face of the first brace near the second mounting portion and the second mounting portion are in close contact; and a metal third mounting-side fixing portion that extends from the end face of the second brace near the third mounting portion, having a smaller cross-sectional area than the second brace, so as to be inserted into the third mounting portion, and fixed to the third mounting portion in a state where the end face of the second brace near the third mounting portion and the third mounting portion are in close contact.

4. The wall structure according to claim 3, further comprising: a first reinforcing member made of metal provided along the side of the second mounting portion opposite to the first brace and fixed to the second mounting side fixing portion; and a second reinforcing member made of metal provided along the side of the third mounting portion opposite to the second brace and fixed to the third mounting side fixing portion.

5. The wall structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a fire-resistant member that is partitioned by the first covering portion, the second covering portion and the third covering portion, and provided within a storage space for housing the expandable member, and that surrounds the expandable member.

6. The wall structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first covering portion, the second covering portion, and the third covering portion are made of a fire-resistant material.

7. The wall structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the covering member comprises a fascia board having the second covering portion and provided at a position away from the other side in the orthogonal direction from the building structure, a third covering portion, and a fourth covering portion extending from the third covering portion to the other side in the orthogonal direction and covering the space between the building structure and the fascia board from the side opposite to the first mounting portion.

8. The wall structure according to claim 7, wherein the covering member extends from one end of the space covering member in the orthogonal direction toward the first mounting portion and has a wall surface material having the first covering portion.

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