Terminal, wireless communication method, and base station

Abstract

A terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure has: a reception unit that receives cell-specific information transmitted separately for each first physical cell identifier (PCI) for the cell-specific information; and a control unit that, on the basis of the cell-specific information, controls the transmission and reception of terminal-specific information for each second PCI for the terminal-specific information, which corresponds to the same first PCI corresponding to the same distributed unit (DU). The one embodiment of the present disclosure makes it possible to improve communication quality / throughput.

Description

Terminal, Wireless Communication Method, and Base Station

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station in a next-generation mobile communication system.

[0002] In a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) network, Long Term Evolution (LTE) was specified for the purpose of further high-speed data rates, low latency, etc. (Non-Patent Document 1). Also, LTE-Advanced (3GPP Rel. 10-14) was specified for the purpose of further large capacity and sophistication of LTE (Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP (registered trademark)) Release (Rel.) 8, 9).

[0003] Successor systems to LTE (for example, also referred to as 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G+(plus), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), New Radio (NR), 3GPP Rel. 15 and later, etc.) are also being considered.

[0004] 3GPP TS 36.300 V8.12.0 "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 (Release 8)", April 2010

[0005] In Rel. 17, L1 / L2 inter-cell mobility (inter-cell beam management (ICBM)) was specified, and in Rel. 18, L1 / L2-triggered mobility (LTM) for inter-cell movement of terminals (user terminals, User Equipment (UE)) was specified. However, ICBM has limitations related to serving cell coverage, and LTM does not have zero interruption time for handovers.

[0006] However, future wireless communication systems (e.g., Rel. 20 / 21 and later, or 6G systems) will require even faster and lower-latency communication, so it is preferable to avoid the use of handover / cell switches as much as possible in any given scenario.

[0007] However, the details of how to achieve this (for example, regulations concerning cell-specific information) have not been sufficiently considered. If this consideration is insufficient, it may not be possible to achieve faster and lower-latency communication, potentially hindering improvements in communication quality and throughput.

[0008] Therefore, one of the objectives of this disclosure is to provide a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station that can improve communication quality / throughput.

[0009] A terminal according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes a receiving unit that receives cell-specific information transmitted separately for each first physical cell identifier (PCI) for cell-specific information, and a control unit that controls the transmission and reception of terminal-specific information for each second PCI for terminal-specific information, which is terminal-specific information corresponding to the same first PCI corresponding to the same distributed unit (DU), based on the cell-specific information.

[0010] According to one aspect of this disclosure, communication quality / throughput can be improved.

[0011] Figure 1A shows an example of UE movement in Rel. 17. Figure 1B shows an example of UE movement in Rel. 18. Figure 2 shows an example of the ORAN architecture. Figures 3A-3C show an example of a hypothetical cell-free configuration. Figure 4 shows an example of cell switching / beam switching. Figure 5 shows an example of cell-specific information transmission in an existing system. Figure 6 shows an example of cell-specific information from multiple cells / PCI according to Embodiment 1-1-1. Figure 7 shows an example of cell-specific information from multiple cells / PCI according to Embodiment 1-1-2. Figure 8 shows an example of cell-specific information from multiple cells / PCI according to Embodiment 1-2-1. Figure 9 shows an example of cell-specific information from multiple cells / PCI according to Embodiment 1-2-2. Figure 10 shows an example of UE-specific data / control information according to Embodiment 1-3. Figure 11 shows an example of PCI setting information transmission according to Embodiment 1-4. Figure 12 shows another example of PCI setting information transmission according to Embodiment 1-4. Figure 13 shows an example of cell-specific information transmission according to Embodiment 2-1. Figure 14 shows an example of UE-specific information transmission according to Embodiment 2-2. Figure 15 shows an example of cell-specific information / UE-specific information according to Embodiment 2-2-2. Figure 16 shows an example of the schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment. Figure 17 shows an example of the configuration of a base station according to one embodiment. Figure 18 shows an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to one embodiment. Figure 19 shows an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and user terminal according to one embodiment. Figure 20 shows an example of a vehicle according to one embodiment.

[0012] (L1 / L2 Inter-Cell Mobility (L1L2-triggered mobility (LTM))) It is being considered that a UE will make UL transmissions to one or more cells / TRPs. In this case, the following Scenario 1 or Scenario 2 is possible. In this disclosure, a serving cell may be interpreted as a TRP within a serving cell. Layer 1 / layer 2 (L1 / L2) and DCI / Medium Access Control Control Element (MAC CE) may be interpreted as mutually exclusive. In this disclosure, a PCI different from the Physical Cell Identity (PCI) of the current serving cell may be simply referred to as a "different PCI". Non-serving cells, cells with different PCIs, and additional cells may be interpreted as mutually exclusive.

[0013] <Scenario 1> Scenario 1 is, for example, a scenario that corresponds to inter-cell mobility in a multi-TRP, but it may also be a scenario that does not correspond to inter-cell mobility in a multi-TRP.

[0014] (1) The UE receives from the serving cell the SSB settings for beam measurement of the TRP corresponding to a PCI different from that of the serving cell, and the settings necessary to use wireless resources for data transmission and reception, including the resources of the different PCI. (2) The UE performs beam measurement of the TRP corresponding to the different PCI and reports the beam measurement results to the serving cell. (3) Based on the above report, the Transmission Configuration Indication (TCI) status associated with the TRP corresponding to the different PCI is activated by L1 / L2 signaling from the serving cell. (4) The UE transmits and receives using a dedicated channel on the TRP corresponding to the different PCI. (5) The UE must always cover the serving cell, including in the case of multiple TRPs. The UE must use a common channel from the serving cell (Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH), Paging Channel (PCH)), etc., as in conventional systems.

[0015] In Scenario 1, when the UE sends and receives signals with the additional cell / TRP (the TRP corresponding to the PCI of the additional cell), the serving cell (the UE's assumption of the serving cell) remains unchanged. The UE sets higher-layer parameters related to the PCI of the non-serving cell from the serving cell. Scenario 1 may be applied, for example, in Rel. 17.

[0016] Figure 1A shows an example of UE movement in Rel. 17. It assumes a UE moving from a PCI#1 cell (serving cell) to a PCI#3 cell (additional cell) (overlapping with the serving cell). In this case, Rel. 17 does not support L1 / L2 switching of serving cells.

[0017] An additional cell is a cell with an additional PCI that is different from the PCI of the serving cell. UEs can receive and transmit UE-dedicated channels from additional cells. UEs need to be within the coverage of the serving cell to receive UE common channels (e.g., system information / paging / short messages). If a UE moves outside the coverage of the serving cell, a cell switch is required, such as through a handover (also called L3 mobility).

[0018] <Scenario 2> In Scenario 2, L1 / L2 cell mobility is applied. With L1 / L2 cell mobility, serving cell changes can be made using functions such as beam control without RRC reconfiguration. In other words, transmission and reception with additional cells are possible without handover. Since handover requires RRC reconnection and other factors, resulting in a period of no data communication, applying L1 / L2 cell mobility that does not require handover allows data communication to continue even when the serving cell is changed. Scenario 2 may be applied, for example, in Rel. 18. In Scenario 2, for example, the following procedure is performed.

[0019] (1) The UE receives the SSB configuration of a cell with a different PCI (additional cell) from the serving cell for beam measurement / serving cell change. (2) The UE performs beam measurement on the cell using the different PCI and reports the measurement results to the serving cell. (3) The UE may receive the configuration of the cell with the different PCI (serving cell configuration) by upper layer signaling (e.g., RRC). In other words, a pre-configuration regarding the serving cell change may be performed. This configuration may be performed together with the configuration in (1) or separately. (4) Based on the above report, the TCI state of the cell with the different PCI may be activated by L1 / L2 signaling in accordance with the serving cell change. The activation of the TCI state and the serving cell change may be performed separately. (5) The UE changes the serving cell (assumed serving cell) and starts receiving / transmitting using the pre-configured UE-specific channel and TCI state.

[0020] In other words, in Scenario 2, the serving cell (the assumed serving cell in the UE) is updated by L1 / L2 signaling. Scenario 2 may also be applied in Rel. 18.

[0021] Figure 1B shows an example of UE movement in Rel. 18. In Rel. 18, serving cells are switched by L1 / L2 (e.g., DCI / MAC CE). UEs can receive / transmit UE-dedicated / common channels to and from the new serving cell (or target serving cell). UEs may leave the coverage of the current serving cell (e.g., Current serving cell).

[0022] (Open RAN (ORAN)) The ORAN architecture will be explained below using Figure 2.

[0023] In 5G NR, the standardization of Open RAN (ORAN) is being considered to reduce the burden on operators in building and operating RANs, and to facilitate the introduction of automation utilizing AI / ML models.

[0024] In conventional closed networks, the radio units (RUs) and distributed units (DUs) / central units (CUs) that make up the base station can only connect to equipment from the same vendor.

[0025] On the other hand, ORAN enables the interconnection of equipment from multiple different vendors (e.g., RUs and CUs / DUs), allowing for a more scalable and flexible RAN configuration. This makes it possible to support new services / industries and diversifying requirements.

[0026] In the ORAN architecture, a RIC (RAN Intelligent Controller) may be defined as a logical node that automates and optimizes the parameter design, configuration, and operation of base stations in order to realize network operation utilizing AI / ML models.

[0027] As shown in the figure, RIC may include non-real-time RIC and near real-time RIC (which may simply be called real-time RIC).

[0028] Non-real-time RICs may be controlled in seconds and may be located within a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) that monitors, maintains, and orchestrates the RAN.

[0029] A non-real-time RIC may be connected to a near-real-time RIC via an A1 interface.

[0030] The near real-time RIC may be controlled in milliseconds and may be connected to E2 nodes such as O-eNB (ORAN base station), O-CU (Open Central Unit), and O-DU (Open Distributed Unit) via the E2 interface. The SMO may be connected to the O-eNB, O-CU, and O-DU via the O1 interface.

[0031] The non-real-time RIC may work in conjunction with the function unit that provides OAM services within the SMO to collect data accumulated within the E2 node, such as Performance Management Counter, Fault Management Data, and Trace Management Data.

[0032] The near real-time RIC may collect information about the E2 node from the E2 node using the E2 interface. The near real-time RIC may also control the E2 node according to the policy notified by the non-real-time RIC.

[0033] The ORAN architecture shown in the diagram is merely one example and is not the only example.

[0034] (Cell-free) Existing wireless communication systems (e.g., 5G NR) employ a cellular system in which, in principle, one antenna / TRP forms one cell. The area formed by such a cell is fixed / static.

[0035] Furthermore, existing wireless communication systems (e.g., Rel. 16 and later) have introduced Distributed Multi Input Multi Output (Distributed MIMO, for example, multi-TRP using multiple transmit / receive points (TRPs)) to form a communication area through the coverage of multiple antennas / TRPs. Distributed MIMO allows for simultaneous communication using multiple antennas / TRPs, as well as communication using a single antenna / TRP.

[0036] By adopting distributed MIMO, a more favorable line-of-sight environment can be established, and MIMO performance can be improved.

[0037] In co-located MIMO, one UE communicates with one antenna / TRP.

[0038] On the other hand, in distributed MIMO, one UE communicates with multiple coordinated antennas / TRPs.

[0039] In future wireless communication systems (e.g., Rel. 20 and beyond), the introduction of self-free communication is being considered with the aim of further improving performance and energy efficiency through reducing interference between multiple antennas / TRPs, creating a line-of-sight environment that supports the use of high frequencies, improving the overall frequency utilization efficiency of the system, and applying equal and high-quality communication to each user.

[0040] Self-free may also be referred to as self-free massive MIMO (mMIMO), large-scale distributed MIMO (D-MIMO). Self-free uses the coherent cooperation of a large number of access points. Self-free may include at least one of ultra-dense deployment, scalable cooperation, user-centric clustering, super carrier aggregation, and analog fronthaul. The user plane for self-free may perform more flexible scheduling than existing scheduling. The control plane for self-free may maintain some form of cells to facilitate signaling.

[0041] In self-free, unlike the conventional cellular system, one area (which may also be called a cell / sub-cell, etc.) may be formed by multiple antennas / TRPs. That is, the area may mean a cell that does not depend on the position of the antenna.

[0042] In self-free, the set of antennas / TRPs used for area formation may be changed according to the needs of the UE. For example, the set of antennas / TRPs may be changed based on the number of UEs / traffic volume / communication usage (e.g., initial access / data communication / measurement / reporting, etc.) rather than the coverage of the antennas / TRPs.

[0043] In other words, in self-free, the coverage between multiple antennas / TRPs may overlap.

[0044] In self-free, for each antenna / TRP, the direction of transmitting a synchronization signal (which may also be called a synchronization signal block (SSB), a synchronization signal / physical broadcast channel (SS / PBCH) block, etc.) may be controlled.

[0045] Also, in a cell-free system, for each antenna / TRP, the central unit (CU) / distributed unit (DU) may be virtualized. Alternatively, for each antenna / TRP, it may be managed by only the CU.

[0046] In an existing cellular system, each antenna / TRP forms a cell, and the UE communicates based on the cell.

[0047] On the other hand, in a cell-free system, the installed antennas / TRPs do not form fixed / static cells in the cellular system. For example, in a cell-free system, one or more antennas / TRPs form an area according to conditions. Therefore, in a cell-free system, each antenna / TRP does not have to correspond to the same physical cell ID, and the areas between multiple antennas / TRPs may overlap.

[0048] Cell-free may be realized, for example, by adjusting a set of antennas / TRPs controlled by a central control unit (e.g., CU).

[0049] In a cell-free system, a physical range like a cell in a 5G NR system includes a first cell with a fixed physical range (which may be called, for example, a cell / supercell / macrocell / large cell, etc.) and a second cell whose physical range varies quasi-statically / dynamically based on conditions (which may be called, for example, a subcell / area / microcell / cell / small cell / a second cell within the first cell, etc.). For example, to distinguish the second cell, the first cell may be called a supercell. When a supercell is composed of multiple second cells, the second cells may have the same definition / operation / coverage as existing cells in NR. For example, to distinguish the second cell, the second cell may be called a subcell. When a supercell or a cell is composed of multiple subcells, the subcells may have the same definition / operation / coverage as existing cells in NR.

[0050] The first cell may be a cell newly defined in a future wireless communication system, or a cell definition from an existing wireless communication system may be reused.

[0051] The configurations of the first and second cells can be assumed to be as follows: Assumption 1: The first cell is composed of multiple TRPs, each having a single cell ID (physical cell ID (PCI)). Multiple TRPs can cooperate in sending and receiving data. Assumption 2: The first cell is composed of multiple TRPs (or subcells) with different cell IDs. Multiple TRPs / subcells can cooperate in sending and receiving data.

[0052] Figure 3A shows an example of a cell-free configuration (Concept 1). In this example, each TRP included in the first cell (supercell / cell) has the same PCI (PCI #0). Multiple TRPs can communicate in cooperation with a single UE.

[0053] Figure 3B shows an example of hypothetical configuration 2 for cell-free operation. In this example, each TRP in the first cell (supercell / cell) has a different PCI (PCI #0 to #9). Multiple TRPs can communicate in cooperation with a single UE.

[0054] Figure 3C shows an example of a variation of Assumption 2 for a cell-free configuration. In this example, a PCI is assigned to each TRP contained in the first cell (supercell / cell). Unlike Assumption 2, in the variation of Assumption 2, the same PCI may correspond to multiple TRPs. Multiple TRPs can communicate in cooperation with a single UE. Multiple TRPs associated with the same PCI may be contained within a single cell.

[0055] Transmitting / receiving with TRP / subcell coordination may be based on at least one of the following methods supported in NR: - Single TRP / subcell transmission with dynamic TRP / subcell switching (single TRP transmission). - Joint transmission using multiple TRP / subcells (multi-TRP joint transmission). The joint transmission may be based on single DCI or multi-DCI. The joint transmission may be non-coherent joint transmission (NCJT) or coherent joint transmission (CJT).

[0056] Assuming an ideal backhaul and close coordination for self-free operation, CJT may be preferred over NCJT in a joint transmission scheme, and single DCI-based joint transmission may be preferred over multi-DCI-based joint transmission.

[0057] Selfly can enable large-scale distributed MIMO, low-layer (e.g., L2 / L1) mobility, and flexible TRP clustering. For example, when applied to ultra-high-density TRP, cell / TRP clustering for mobility / control and data can be separated.

[0058] Cell-free design offers several advantages, including: • Increased TRP density per cell. This improves the Signal-Noise Ratio (SNR) across all UEs, including conventional cell edge areas. • Flexible (e.g., UE-centric) TRP clustering for cell construction. This reduces the number of UEs affected by inter-cell / inter-TRP interference. • Enhanced mobility at lower layers. A single clustering can accommodate more TRPs, enabling seamless movement through, for example, L1-level operations.

[0059] With regard to self-free design, either Concept 1 or 2 below may be applied.

[0060] <Concept 1> Selfly targets the selection of multiple TRPs / access points (APs), and transmission / reception with TRPs / APs is limited to data only (e.g., PDSCH / PUSCH) (e.g., at the physical / MAC layer). In this case, there is no significant impact on cell selection, initial access, or mobility compared to existing methods. LTM (L1 / L2-triggered mobility, e.g., LTM prior to Rel. 18) may be reusable, or LTM functionality may be enhanced. L1 measurement / reporting or enhanced SRS transmission may be performed for the selection of multiple TRPs / APs, CSI measurement / reporting or enhanced SRS transmission for CSI of TRPs / APs with different clusterings, etc.

[0061] <Concept 2> The selection of multiple TRP / APs and transmission / reception with TRP / APs applies to both control channels / signals (e.g., in RRC) and data (e.g., PDSCH / PUSCH) (e.g., in the physical / MAC layer).

[0062] In this case, compared to existing methods, there are impacts on cell selection, initial access, and mobility, in addition to the measurement / reporting of L1 / CSI for data in Concept 1. For example, since the UE needs to access multiple TRP / APs during initial access, the SSB / SI / RACH also needs to be redesigned.

[0063] When clustering multiple TRP / APs for control channels / signals and data, the clustering method (e.g., TRP / APs within the cluster) may be the same or different. In this case, potential impacts may arise when clustering is performed on multiple DU / CUs located in geographically different locations.

[0064] (Analysis) As mentioned above, ICBMs were specified in Rel. 17. However, with ICBMs, the UE must use a common channel / signal (e.g., system information / paging / short messages) within the coverage of the serving cell, and a handover is required if the UE moves outside the coverage of the serving cell.

[0065] Furthermore, LTM was specified in Rel. 18. With LTM, DL / UL synchronization with the target cell is performed before receiving the cell switch command, which makes it possible to reduce the interruption time during handover compared to conventional methods (e.g., Rel. 17 ICBM), although the interruption time is still not zero.

[0066] However, future wireless communication systems (e.g., Rel. 20 / 21 and beyond) will enable even faster and lower-latency communication, so in any scenario, it is preferable to avoid using handover / cell switches (e.g., handover as defined in Rel. 15, conditional handover (CHO), dual active protocol stack based handover (DAPS handover), and LTM) / ICBMs as much as possible.

[0067] For example, in the case of an RRC-connected UE, in certain cases (e.g., intra-DU cell switching), cell switching (interruption time) can be avoided (beam switching / ICBM is performed). On the other hand, in other cases (e.g., intra-CU / inter-DU cell switching), handover (cell switching operation, e.g., handover as defined in Rel. 15, CHO, DAPS handover, and LTM, etc.) can be considered (see Figure 4).

[0068] In existing systems (for example, NR), cell-specific information (for example, system information / paging messages / short messages) is transmitted for each cell. In other words, in NR, different cell-specific information is transmitted for different cells.

[0069] The UE receives cell-specific information from its serving cell. At this time, a list of neighboring cells is transmitted in the system information (e.g., SIB3). Therefore, information about multiple different cells can be transmitted across cells.

[0070] Figure 5 shows an example of cell-specific information transmission in an existing system. In the example shown in Figure 5, cell-specific information is transmitted from multiple cells associated with a single DU (cell #1 of PCI1 and cell #2 of PCI2). For example, UE #1 belonging to cell #1 receives the cell-specific information of cell #1, and UE #2 belonging to cell #2 receives the cell-specific information of cell #2. The cell-specific information of cell #1 and the cell-specific information of cell #2 may be different.

[0071] However, details regarding cell-specific information in future wireless communication systems (for example, under the operation of at least one of the cell-free configurations and inter-DU / inter-CU cell switching described above) have not been sufficiently considered.

[0072] If this consideration is insufficient, it may not be possible to achieve faster and lower-latency communication, potentially hindering improvements in communication quality and throughput.

[0073] Therefore, the inventors of this invention came up with a way to solve this problem.

[0074] The embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Each wireless communication method according to the embodiments may be applied individually or in combination.

[0075] (Various substitutions) In this disclosure, words enclosed in parentheses () may indicate an explanation of the preceding word (e.g., an explanation of spelling), a paraphrase, a specific example, or supplementary explanation. Also, in this disclosure, words enclosed in square brackets [] may be interpreted as part of the overall meaning of the text, or they may be interpreted as being excluded (ignored). Note that parentheses () and square brackets [] may be used for purposes / meanings other than those described above.

[0076] In this disclosure, "A / B" and "at least one of A and B" may be interpreted as mutually exclusive. In this disclosure, "A / B / C" may mean "at least one of A, B, and C".

[0077] In this disclosure, terms such as notice, activate, deactivate, indicate (or specify), select, configure, update, and determine may be interpreted interchangeably. In this disclosure, terms such as support, control, controllable, operate, and capable of operating may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0078] In this disclosure, Radio Resource Control (RRC), RRC parameters, RRC messages, higher-layer parameters, fields, Information Elements (IE), settings, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably. In this disclosure, Medium Access Control elements (MAC Control Elements (CE)), update commands, activation / deactivation commands, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0079] In this disclosure, the upper layer signaling may be any or a combination thereof, such as Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information, and other messages (e.g., messages from the core network, such as positioning protocol messages (e.g., NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPPa) / LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP)) messages).

[0080] In this disclosure, MAC signaling may include, for example, MAC Control Elements (MAC CEs) and MAC Protocol Data Units (PDUs). Broadcast information may include, for example, Master Information Blocks (MIBs), System Information Blocks (SIBs), Remaining Minimum System Information (RMSIs), and Other System Information (OSIs).

[0081] In this disclosure, physical layer signaling may include, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI) and Uplink Control Information (UCI).

[0082] In this disclosure, terms such as drop, suspend, cancel, puncture, rate match, postpone, and not send may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0083] In this disclosure, terms such as index, identifier (ID), indicator, and resource ID may be interpreted interchangeably. In this disclosure, terms such as sequence, list, set, group, cluster, subset, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0084] In this disclosure, the terms used include: panel, UE panel, panel group, beam, beam group, precoder, Uplink (UL) transmit entity, Transmission / Reception Point (TRP), base station, Spatial Relation Information (SRI), spatial relationship, SRS Resource Indicator (SRI), Control Resource Set (CORESET), Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), Codeword (CW), Transport Block (TB), Reference Signal (RS), Antenna port (e.g., Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) port), Antenna port group (e.g., DMRS port group), Group (e.g., Spatial relationship group, Code Division Multiplexing (CDM) group, Reference Signal group, CORESET group, Physical Uplink Control The following terms may be interchangeable: Channel (PUCCH) group, PUCCH resource group), resource (e.g., reference signal resource, SRS resource), resource set (e.g., reference signal resource set), CORESET pool, downlink Transmission Configuration Indication state (TCI state) (DL TCI state), uplink TCI state (UL TCI state), unified TCI state, common TCI state, quasi-co-location (QCL), QCL assumption, etc.

[0085] In this disclosure, base station, gNB, and network (NW) may be interpreted as interchangeable.

[0086] In this disclosure, cell group, serving cell group, master cell group (MCG), and secondary cell group (SCG) may be interpreted interchangeably. L1 / L2, L1 / L2 signaling, and DCI / MAC CE may be interpreted interchangeably. A serving cell may be replaced with a cell that transmits PDSCH. A candidate cell may mean a cell that is a candidate to become a serving cell through L1 / L2 inter-cell mobility. L1 / L2-triggered mobility (LTM) and L1 / L2 inter-cell mobility may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0087] In this disclosure, cell, PCI, serving cell, source serving cell, source cell, CC, BWP, BWP within CC, and band may be interpreted interchangeably. In this disclosure, cell, PCI, cell with additional PCI, additional cell, other cell, non-serving cell, cell with a different PCI, candidate cell, candidate serving cell, cell with a PCI different from the current serving cell's PCI, another serving cell, and target cell may be interpreted interchangeably. A target cell may be a cell selected from among several candidate cells. In this disclosure, switch, change, and update may be interpreted interchangeably. A serving cell may be interpreted as a serving cell before a switch or a serving cell after a switch.

[0088] Each embodiment in this disclosure is also applicable to cell-free configurations. Cells with a fixed physical range, unchanging cells, first cells, DUs, supercells, cells, macrocells, large cells, main cells, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0089] In this disclosure, cells whose physical extent changes quasi-statically / dynamically based on conditions, modified cells, second cells, cells, areas, microcells, small cells, second cells within a first cell, subcells, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0090] In each embodiment of the present disclosure, "DU" / "O-DU" may mean (or be interpreted as) the first cell, and in this case, "cell" in each embodiment of the present disclosure may mean (or be interpreted as) the second cell.

[0091] Furthermore, the term "cell" in each embodiment of this disclosure may mean (or be interpreted as) the first cell.

[0092] In the network (NW) configuration described herein, the DU / CU / RU can be appropriately changed to the NW configuration in ORAN (for example, O-DU / O-CU / O-RU).

[0093] In this disclosure, handover, handover as defined in Rel. 15, CHO, DAPS handover, LTM, and cell switching may be interpreted as interchangeable.

[0094] In this disclosure, beam switching, ICBM, and beam switching without handover may be interpreted as mutually exclusive.

[0095] In this disclosure, Cell ID and PCI may be interpreted as mutually exclusive.

[0096] In this disclosure, PCI, PCI for cell-specific information, and PCI for UE-specific information may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0097] In this disclosure, cell-specific information may be interpreted as multiple UE common information, UE group information, UE group common information, etc.

[0098] In this disclosure, the transmission of information from a PCI may also mean the transmission of information from the cell corresponding to that PCI.

[0099] (Wireless communication method) <First embodiment> The first embodiment relates to cell-specific information.

[0100] The UE may receive cell-specific information.

[0101] The UE may control at least one of the following based on cell-specific information: initial access / RRC connection to the corresponding cell, and transmission / reception of UE-specific information.

[0102] <<Embodiment 1-1>> Cell-specific information may be common among different cells / PCIs in the same DU / O-DU.

[0103] <<<Embodiment 1-1-1>>> Cell-specific information may be transmitted from different cells / PCIs in the DU / O-DU using the same [time / frequency / code] resource.

[0104] Cell-specific information for different cells / PCIs may be transmitted within the same resource using Single Frequency Network (SFN), Code Division Multiplexing (CDM), or Spatial Division Multiplexing (SDM).

[0105] Figure 6 shows an example of cell-specific information from multiple cells / PCIs according to Embodiment 1-1-1. In the example shown in Figure 6, cell-specific information is transmitted from cell #1 of PCI1 and cell #2 of PCI2, respectively. The cell-specific information from cell #1 and the cell-specific information from cell #2 are transmitted using the same [time / frequency / code] resource. Furthermore, the cell-specific information from cell #1 and the cell-specific information from cell #2 may include the same information that spans different cells / PCIs.

[0106] <<<Embodiment 1-1-2>>> Cell-specific information may be transmitted from different cells / PCIs in the DU / O-DU using different [time / frequency / code] resources.

[0107] The UE may determine the resource that will receive the cell-specific information from a predefined / configured list of candidates (blind detection).

[0108] Figure 7 shows an example of cell-specific information from multiple cells / PCIs according to Embodiment 1-1-2. In the example shown in Figure 7, cell-specific information is transmitted from cell #1 of PCI1 and cell #2 of PCI2, respectively. The cell-specific information from cell #1 and the cell-specific information from cell #2 are transmitted using different [time / frequency / code] resources. Furthermore, the cell-specific information from cell #1 and the cell-specific information from cell #2 may include the same information that spans different cells / PCIs.

[0109] According to Embodiment 1-1, even when the same cell-specific information is transmitted from different cells, the cell-specific information can be appropriately notified.

[0110] <<Embodiment 1-2>> Cell-specific information may be different (or distinct) between different cells / PCIs in the same DU / O-DU.

[0111] <<<Embodiment 1-2-1>>> Cell-specific information may be transmitted from different cells / PCIs in the DU / O-DU using the same [time / frequency / code] resource.

[0112] Cell-specific information for different cells / PCIs may be transmitted using CDM / SDM within the same resource.

[0113] The UE may decide which cell-specific information to receive (process) based on the reception quality of the cell-specific information (e.g., RSRP / RSRQ / SINR).

[0114] For example, the UE may select cell-specific information with good reception quality.

[0115] Figure 8 shows an example of cell-specific information from multiple cells / PCI according to Embodiment 1-2-1. In the example shown in Figure 8, cell-specific information is transmitted from cell #1 of PCI1 and cell #2 of PCI2, respectively. The cell-specific information from cell #1 and the cell-specific information from cell #2 are transmitted using the same [time / frequency / code] resource. Furthermore, the cell-specific information from cell #1 and the cell-specific information from cell #2 may each contain different information corresponding to the cell / PCI.

[0116] <<<Embodiment 1-2-2>>> Cell-specific information may be transmitted from different cells / PCIs in the DU / O-DU using different [time / frequency / code] resources.

[0117] The UE may decide which cell-specific information to receive (process) based on the reception quality of the cell-specific information (e.g., RSRP / RSRQ / SINR).

[0118] For example, the UE may select cell-specific information with good reception quality.

[0119] Figure 9 shows an example of cell-specific information from multiple cells / PCI according to Embodiment 1-2-2. In the example shown in Figure 9, cell-specific information is transmitted from cell #1 of PCI1 and cell #2 of PCI2, respectively. The cell-specific information from cell #1 and the cell-specific information from cell #2 are transmitted using different [time / frequency / code] resources. Furthermore, the cell-specific information from cell #1 and the cell-specific information from cell #2 may each contain different information corresponding to the cell / PCI.

[0120] According to Embodiment 1-1, even when different cell-specific information is transmitted from different cells, cell-specific information can be appropriately notified.

[0121] <<Embodiment 1-3>> At least two of the operations related to Embodiment 1-1 (Embodiment 1-1-1 / 1-1-2) / Embodiment 1-2 (Embodiment 1-2-1 / 1-2-2) may be specified.

[0122] The UE may report on the specified behaviors (embodiments) that the UE supports.

[0123] The UE may use higher-layer signaling (for example, during RRC reconnection / cell reselection) to configure / instruct which operation (embodiment) to apply / use.

[0124] [When SFN is used for cell-specific information,] the scrambled sequences of PDCCH / PDSCH for system information (e.g., SIB1 / SIBx (where x is any number)) may be the same.

[0125] In other words, the scrambled sequence of PDCCH / PDSCH for system information does not need to depend on the cell ID / PCI of each cell, even if a different cell ID (PCI) is assigned to each cell.

[0126] For example, the scramble sequence of PDCCH / PDSCH for system information may be determined based on a specific ID (common to different cells) (e.g., the ID of the first cell (supercell ID)).

[0127] The UE may use a synchronization signal (e.g., PSS / SSS) to detect (different) PCIs for broadcast information (e.g., PBCH). Then, in the broadcast information corresponding to different cell IDs / PCIs, a specific ID corresponding to PDCCH / PDSCH may be notified for the same cell-specific information (e.g., system information / paging messages / short messages).

[0128] After achieving an RRC connection state, the UE may transmit and receive UE-specific signaling / channels / signals using different cell IDs / PCIs.

[0129] The UE may detect different (multiple) PCIs using a synchronization signal (e.g., PSS / SSS). The UE may use the detected PCIs to receive the PBCH.

[0130] The UE may obtain a specific ID (for example, the ID of the first cell (supercell ID)) in the PBCH (Master Information (MIB)). The UE may use the obtained specific ID for the PDCCH / PDSCH of cell-specific information (for example, system information (e.g., SIBx) / paging). In this case, since multiple (e.g., all) UEs receive (process) the same PDSCH, the PDSCH may contain settings for multiple PCIs.

[0131] The UE may detect a specific ID (e.g., the ID of the first cell (supercell ID)) by a synchronization signal (e.g., PSS / SSS). The UE may use the detected specific ID to receive the PBCH.

[0132] The UE may use the specific ID for the PDCCH / PDSCH of cell-specific information (e.g., system information (e.g., SIBx) / paging). In this case, since multiple (e.g., all) UEs receive (process) the same PDSCH, the PDSCH may contain settings for multiple PCIs.

[0133] The UE may detect a specific ID (e.g., the ID of the first cell (supercell ID)) by a synchronization signal (e.g., PSS / SSS). The UE may use the detected specific ID to receive the PBCH.

[0134] The UE may obtain a single cell ID / PCI in the PBCH (Master Information (MIB)). The UE may use the obtained cell ID / PCI for the PDCCH / PDSCH of the cell-specific information (e.g., system information (e.g., SIBx) / paging) of the cell with that cell ID / PCI.

[0135] In this case, information regarding the cell ID / PCI [only] may be provided in the system information (for example, SIB1 / SIBx).

[0136] For UE-specific data / control information, different data / control information may be transmitted from different cells / PCIs using different (RS) scrambling IDs or different data scrambling. This reduces interference between different cells / PCIs.

[0137] Figure 10 shows an example of UE-specific data / control information according to Embodiment 1-3. In the example shown in Figure 10, UE-specific data / control information transmitted from different cells (cell #1 of PCI1 and cell #2 of PCI2) is transmitted using different scrambling IDs or different data scrambling methods. Note that the UE-specific data / control information transmitted from different cells may be different for each cell / PCI.

[0138] According to Embodiment 1-3, the UE operation related to cell-specific information can be appropriately defined.

[0139] <<Embodiment 1-4>> A cell ID / PCI for cell-specific information (which may be called a first cell ID / PCI) and a cell ID / PCI for UE-specific information (which may be called a second cell ID / PCI) may be defined / set.

[0140] The same first PCI may correspond to a different second PCI.

[0141] The same / different first / second PCI may be used to transmit / receive at least one of the following signals / channels: • Synchronization signals (e.g., PSS / SSS). • Broadcast channels (e.g., PBCH) for broadcasting broadcast signals (e.g., Master Information (MIB) / System Information (SIB) / Paging), and at least one of the demodulation reference signals for said broadcast channels (e.g., PBCH-DMRS). • Control channels (PDCCH) / shared channels (PDSCH) for broadcasting cell-specific information via upper-layer signaling (broadcast signals / RRC signaling). • UE-specific data / control information. • Reference signals (e.g., CSI-RS / TRS).

[0142] For example, different cell IDs / PCIs may be used for (different) PDSCHs that transmit cell-specific information (e.g., system information (SIB1 / SIBx)). In this case, each PDSCH (cell-specific information) may transmit configuration information for the corresponding cell ID / PCI (e.g., cell configuration information). In this case, the "cell ID / PCI" may be a second cell ID / PCI.

[0143] Figure 11 shows an example of PCI configuration information transmission according to Embodiment 1-4. In the example shown in Figure 11, each SIB1 corresponding to each PCI (PCI #1-1 to #1-3 in the figure) contains the cell configuration for the corresponding PCI.

[0144] Furthermore, the same cell ID / PCI (e.g., a first cell ID / PCI) may be used for (different) PDSCHs that transmit cell-specific information (e.g., system information (SIB1 / SIBx)). In this case, each PDSCH (cell-specific information) may transmit configuration information (e.g., cell configuration information) for multiple (e.g., all (corresponding)) cell ID / PCIs (e.g., a second cell ID / PCI).

[0145] Figure 12 shows another example of PCI configuration information transmission according to Embodiment 1-4. In the example shown in Figure 12, an SIB1 corresponding to a certain PCI (a PCI for cell-specific information, PCI #1 in the figure) contains cell configurations for a plurality of corresponding PCIs for UE-specific information (PCI #1-1 to #1-3 in the figure).

[0146] Cell-specific information may include at least one of the following: • Synchronization signals (PSS / SSS / other SS); • Broadcast channels (e.g., PBCH) for broadcasting broadcast signals (e.g., Master Information (MIB) / System Information (SIB) / Paging), and at least one of the demodulation reference signals (e.g., PBCH-DMRS) for said broadcast channels; • Synchronization signal blocks (SSB, SS / PBCH blocks); • Control channels (PDCCH) / shared channels (PDSCH) for broadcasting cell-specific information via upper-layer signaling (broadcast signals / RRC signaling).

[0147] The cell ID / PCI for cell-specific information and the cell ID / PCI for UE-specific information may be different.

[0148] The cell ID / PCI for cell-specific information and the cell ID / PCI for UE-specific information may be the same. In this case, which cell ID / PCI for UE-specific information and which cell ID / PCI for cell-specific information are the same may be specified in advance in the specifications, or it may be set / notified using higher-layer signaling (notification information / RRC signaling).

[0149] Cell-specific information may be transmitted using SFN from different cells / PCIs. In this case, the cell-specific information transmitted from different cells / PCIs may be the same.

[0150] In this case, the scrambling sequence related to cell-specific information (and the channel through which it is transmitted) may be the same across different cells. The values ​​of the scrambling sequence may be specified in advance in the specifications.

[0151] For example, the value may be a specific ID common to the different cells (for instance, the ID of the first cell (supercell ID)).

[0152] For example, the UE may use a synchronization signal (e.g., PSS / SSS) to detect (different) PCIs for broadcast information (e.g., PBCH). Then, in the broadcast information corresponding to different cell IDs / PCIs, a specific ID corresponding to PDCCH / PDSCH may be notified for the same cell-specific information (e.g., system information / paging messages / short messages).

[0153] After achieving an RRC connection state, the UE may transmit and receive UE-specific signaling / channels / signals using different cell IDs / PCIs.

[0154] Cell-specific information may be transmitted from different cells / PCIs using CDM / SDM. In this case, the cell-specific information transmitted from different cells / PCIs may be the same or different.

[0155] In this case, the scrambling sequence related to cell-specific information (and the channel through which it is transmitted) may be the same across different cells, or it may be different. If the scrambling sequence is the same, the values ​​of the scrambling sequence may be specified in advance in the specifications.

[0156] For example, the value may be a specific ID common to the different cells (for instance, the ID of the first cell (supercell ID)).

[0157] For example, the UE may use a synchronization signal (e.g., PSS / SSS) to detect (different) PCIs for broadcast information (e.g., PBCH). Then, the UE may detect one PCI for one SSB for initial access.

[0158] After achieving an RRC connection state, the UE may transmit and receive UE-specific signaling / channels / signals using different cell IDs / PCIs.

[0159] According to Embodiment 1-4, detailed specifications relating to cell-specific information can be appropriately defined.

[0160] According to the first embodiment described above, it is possible to define appropriate provisions / UE behavior related to cell-specific information.

[0161] <Second Embodiment> Regarding cell ID / PCI of cell-specific information / UE-specific information.

[0162] The UE may receive cell-specific information transmitted from different cells / PCIs.

[0163] <<Embodiment 2-1>> Cell-specific information of a different PCI (e.g., a PCI for cell-specific information) may be transmitted from a different cell / PCI (e.g., a PCI for cell-specific information).

[0164] In other words, cell-specific information may be transmitted from a cell to a PCI corresponding to that cell (for example, a PCI for cell-specific information).

[0165] Figure 13 shows an example of cell-specific information transmission according to Embodiment 2-1. In the example shown in Figure 13, cell #1 (PCI1) transmits cell-specific information for PCI1 (here, PSS / SSS / PBCH / PBCH-DMRS), and cell #2 (PCI2) transmits cell-specific information for PCI2 (here, PSS / SSS / PBCH / PBCH-DMRS).

[0166] The UE may use higher-layer signaling to notify / configure / instruct information indicating which cells / PCIs are associated with the DU / O-DU.

[0167] For example, in the case of initial access, the UE may detect an SSB of one of several PCIs (e.g., PCI #1 and PCI #2). The UE may connect to the serving cell of the detected PCI.

[0168] During initial access / after RRC connection setup, the UE may detect / acquire information about paired / additional PCIs under the same DU / O-DU, and may receive the settings of said paired / additional PCIs. The UE may also transmit / receive UE-specific data / control information in the cell of said paired / additional PCI.

[0169] UE may send and receive data and control information to and from the same or different cells / PCIs under the same DU / O-DU.

[0170] According to Embodiment 2-1, cell-specific information from different cells can be appropriately transmitted.

[0171] <<Embodiment 2-2>> Cell-specific information of the same PCI (e.g., PCI for cell-specific information) may be transmitted from different cells / PCIs (e.g., PCI for UE-specific information).

[0172] The same PCI (for example, a PCI for cell-specific information) may be used for SSB detection and cell-specific information reception.

[0173] According to this, the same cell-specific information / SSB can be transmitted from different cells using the same PCI (e.g., PCI for cell-specific information) (for example, by using SFN).

[0174] Figure 14 shows an example of the transmission of UE-specific information according to Embodiment 2-2. In the example shown in Figure 14, cell-specific information / UE-specific information (UE-specific data / control information) corresponding to each cell is transmitted from multiple PCI cells (PCI#1-1 and PCI#1-2) for UE-specific information using the same PCI (PCI for cell-specific information, PCI#1).

[0175] <<<Embodiment 2-2-1>>> Regarding data / control information, the same data / control information may be transmitted from different cells.

[0176] In this case, data / control information sent from different cells may be transmitted using SFN.

[0177] <<<Embodiment 2-2-2>>> Different PCIs may be introduced that span cell-specific information and UE-specific information associated with a single cell.

[0178] For example, for cell #1-1, cell-specific information may be received using PCI #1, and UE-specific information may be transmitted / received using PCI #1-1. Also, for example, for cell #1-2, cell-specific information may be received using PCI #1, and UE-specific information may be transmitted / received using PCI #1-2.

[0179] Note that cells / PCI#1-1 and cells / PCI#1-2 may be the same cell or different cells.

[0180] Furthermore, PCI#1 and PCI#1-1 / #1-2 may correspond to the same cell (for example, cell #1).

[0181] In this disclosure, PCI for UE-specific information may be referred to as sub-PCI. Also, cells corresponding to PCI for UE-specific information (for example, cells #1-1 / #1-2 above) may be referred to as subcells.

[0182] In this disclosure, PCI for cell-specific information may simply be referred to as PCI.

[0183] In this disclosure, the cells (subcells, e.g., cells #1-1 / #1-2) corresponding to PCI for UE-specific information may correspond to the same cell (e.g., cell #1) or to different cells.

[0184] Figure 15 shows an example of cell-specific information / UE-specific information according to Embodiment 2-2-2. In the example shown in Figure 15, cells #1-1 and #1-2 (which may both be subcells) under the same DU are shown. Cells #1-1 and #1-2 may be the same cell #1 (corresponding to PCI #1).

[0185] In the example shown in Figure 15, UE-specific information for PCI#1-1 is transmitted from cell #1-1, and UE-specific information for PCI#1-2 is transmitted from cell #1-2. Additionally, cell-specific information for PCI#1 is transmitted from both cell #1-1 and cell #1-2.

[0186] During initial access, the UE may use PCI (PCI #1) for cell-specific information.

[0187] After the RRC connection setup, the UE may use PCI for UE-specific information to receive and transmit UE-specific data / control information. PCI for UE-specific information may be configured for the UE.

[0188] In Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurements / Radio Link Monitoring (RLM), the UE may use PCI for cell-specific information, as these operations are related to cell connectivity.

[0189] Furthermore, in RRM measurement / RLM, the UE may use PCI for UE-specific information, as UE-specific information may be used in these operations.

[0190] In beam fault detection (BFD), beam fault recovery (BFR), and radio link fault (RLF), the UE may use PCI for UE-specific information. This is because these operations are related to the quality of UE-specific data / control information (e.g., PDSCH / PDCCH).

[0191] Furthermore, in BFD / BFR / RLF, the UE may use PCI for cell-specific information.

[0192] The UE may use at least one of the broadcast signal and the cell-specific RRC parameter to notify a plurality of PCIs (e.g., PCI #1-1 and #1-2) for UE-specific information.

[0193] Next, the UE may receive UE-specific data / control information from the base station / network to specify which PCI to use (for example, either PCI #1-1 or PCI #1-2 above).

[0194] For example, UE-specific RRC signaling (e.g., signaling for either PCI #1-1 or #1-2 above) may be transmitted in a cell-specific PDCCH / PDSCH (e.g., a common search space set) that uses a PCI for cell-specific information (e.g., PCI #1) for data / sequence scrambling.

[0195] The UE may then use PCI for notified / instructed UE-specific information for data / sequence scrambling of UE-specific PDCCH / PDSCH (e.g., UE-specific search space sets).

[0196] According to Embodiment 2-2, cell-specific information / UE-specific information from different cells can be appropriately transmitted.

[0197] <<Embodiment 2-3>> The UE may perform data / sequence scrambling of cell-specific information based on at least one of PCI for cell-specific information and PCI for UE-specific information.

[0198] For example, a UE may perform data / sequence scrambling of a broadcast channel (PBCH) based on at least one of a PCI for cell-specific information and a PCI for UE-specific information.

[0199] For example, the UE may generate a sequence of demodulation reference signals (PBCH-DMRS) for the broadcast channel based on at least one of a PCI for cell-specific information and a PCI for UE-specific information.

[0200] According to Embodiment 2-3, data / sequence scrambling can be appropriately performed using at least one of PCI for cell-specific information and PCI for UE-specific information.

[0201] According to the second embodiment described above, PCI and UE operations related to cell-specific information / UE-specific information can be appropriately defined.

[0202] <Third Embodiment> The third embodiment relates to the application conditions of the first / second embodiments.

[0203] The first / second embodiments may apply (or be applicable) only if the corresponding UE capabilities are reported.

[0204] The first / second embodiments may apply (or may be applicable) only when the corresponding upper-layer signaling configuration is performed.

[0205] The first and second embodiments may be applied (or may be applicable) only to a specific frequency band / frequency range (e.g., FR2 / FR3, or a band within FR2 / FR3). This is because the application of these embodiments is preferable when the coverage size is small, as handover issues (e.g., interruption time / SINR drop at cell ends) are more likely to occur.

[0206] For example, for frequency bands / frequency ranges other than the specific frequency band / frequency range in question (e.g., FR1, or a band within FR1), the cell definition may be the same as that of an existing system (e.g., NR). For example, in the specific frequency band / frequency range in question, the first cell (e.g., supercell) and the second cell (e.g., subcell) described above may be applied as new cell definitions.

[0207] The first and second embodiments may also be applied to intra-frequency cases (for example, cases where serving cells and additional cells under the same DU / O-DU are on the same frequency (carrier)).

[0208] The first and second embodiments may also be applied to intra-band cases (for example, cases where serving cells and additional cells under the same DU / O-DU are on the same frequency (band)).

[0209] According to the third embodiment, a more preferred application of the first / second embodiment can be realized.

[0210] <Variations> In each embodiment of this disclosure, "DU" may be read as "CU". In this case, the UE may refrain from performing cell switching (interruption time) in intra-CU cell switching. That is, the UE may perform ICBM in intra-CU cell switching.

[0211] On the other hand, inter-CU cell switching may involve handover (for example, handover as defined in Rel. 15, CHO, DAPS handover, and LTM).

[0212] Furthermore, the UE can choose not to perform cell switching (interruption time) even in intra-CU cell switching. In other words, the UE may perform ICBM in intra-CU cell switching (and intra-CU / inter-DU cell switching).

[0213] Whether or not ICBMs are supported in inter-CU / inter-DU cell switching may be defined as separate UE capabilities for inter-CU / inter-DU / internal ICBMs.

[0214] Furthermore, whether or not ICBM is performed during inter-CU / inter-DU cell switching may be determined based on specific associations / configurations between the CUs / DUs.

[0215] If beam switching occurs in the source PCI, the source DU may notify the target PCI / DU of which frequency (e.g., BWP) is being used in the target PCI / DU.

[0216] The occurrence of beam switching may include at least one of receiving (transmitting) a beam switching instruction and transmitting a beam switching request (by the UE).

[0217] The beam switching request may include, for example, information regarding the TCI status ID, the RS index, and at least one of the PCIs.

[0218] For example, when an ICBM is used in inter-DU cell switching, beam switching instructions may be received in (or using) at least one of the following: source PCI / cell, target PCI / cell, source DU, target DU, PCI / cell / DU / CU of a specific (predefined) frequency, and (regardless of serving cell / PCI or additional PCI) instruction (joint / DL) TCI state.

[0219] For example, when an ICBM is used in inter-DU cell switching, the beam switching request may be transmitted using (or utilizing) at least one of the following: source PCI / cell, target PCI / cell, source DU, target DU, PCI / cell / DU / CU of a specific (predefined) frequency, and (regardless of whether it is a serving cell / PCI or an additional PCI) an instruction (joint / DL) TCI state.

[0220] For example, when an ICBM is used in inter-CU cell switching, beam switching instructions may be received in (or using) at least one of the following: source PCI / cell, target PCI / cell, source DU, target DU, source CU, target CU, PCI / cell / DU / CU at a specific (predefined) frequency, and (regardless of serving cell / PCI or additional PCI) instruction (joint / DL) TCI state.

[0221] For example, when an ICBM is used in inter-DU cell switching, the beam switching request may be transmitted in (or using) at least one of the following: source PCI / cell, target PCI / cell, source DU, target DU, source CU, target CU, PCI / cell / DU / CU of a specific (predefined) frequency, and (regardless of whether it is a serving cell / PCI or an additional PCI) an instruction (joint / DL) TCI state.

[0222] Furthermore, each embodiment in this disclosure may be applied to an RRC-connected UE.

[0223] <Supplement> <<Notification of Information to UE>> In the embodiments described above, notification of any information from the Network (NW) (e.g., Base Station (BS)) to the UE (in other words, reception of any information from the BS at the UE) may be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), specific signals / channels (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH, reference signal), or a combination thereof.

[0224] If the above notification is made by a MAC CE, the MAC CE may be identified by the inclusion of a new Logical Channel ID (LCID) not defined in existing standards in the MAC subheader.

[0225] If the above notification is made by DCI, the notification may be made by a specific field of the DCI, a Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) used to scramble the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) bits assigned to the DCI, or the format of the DCI.

[0226] Furthermore, the notification of arbitrary information to the UE in the above-described embodiment may be periodic, semi-persistent, or aperiodic.

[0227] <<Notification of Information from UE>> Notification of any information from the UE to the NW in the embodiments described above (in other words, transmission / reporting of any information from the UE to the BS) may be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., UCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), specific signals / channels (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH, PRACH, reference signals), or a combination thereof.

[0228] If the above notification is made by a MAC CE, the MAC CE may be identified by the inclusion of a new LCID not specified in existing standards in the MAC subheader.

[0229] If the above notice is made by the UCI, the notice may be transmitted using PUCCH or PUSCH.

[0230] Furthermore, the notification of any information from the UE in the above-described embodiment may be periodic, semi-persistent, or aperiodic.

[0231] <<Regarding the Application of Each Embodiment>> In UE / BS, specific (one or more) processes / operations / controls / assumptions / information for at least one of the embodiments described above may be applied (or used) if any or more of the following conditions are met: - A higher-layer parameter indicating the specific process / operation / control / assumption / information is set. - The specific process / operation / control / assumption / information is determined based on the relevant higher-layer parameter. - The specific process / operation / control / assumption / information is designated / activated / triggered by MAC CE / DCI / UCI / Resource / Channel / RS. - A specific UE capability indicating (or related to) the specific process / operation / control / assumption / information is reported or supported. - The application of the specific process / operation / control / assumption / information is determined based on specific conditions.

[0232] The above-mentioned specific UE capabilities may include at least one of the following: • Supporting specific processing / operation / control / information for at least one of the above embodiments; • Supporting intra-DU / inter-DU / inter-CU beam switching (ICBM); • Supporting intra-DU and intra-frequency / inter-frequency beam switching (ICBM); • Supporting a cell-free configuration; • Supporting PCI for cell-specific information / PCI for UE-specific information.

[0233] Furthermore, the above-mentioned specific UE capability may be a capability that applies across all frequencies (commonly regardless of frequency), a capability per frequency (e.g., one or a combination thereof, such as cell, band, band combination, BWP, component carrier, etc.), a capability per frequency range (e.g., Frequency Range 1 (FR1), FR2, FR3, FR4, FR5, FR2-1, FR2-2), a capability per subcarrier spacing (SCS), or a capability per feature set (FS) or feature set per component-carrier (FSPC).

[0234] Furthermore, the specific UE capabilities described above may be capabilities that apply across all duplexing schemes (common to all duplexing schemes regardless of the duplexing scheme), or they may be capabilities specific to each duplexing scheme (e.g., Time Division Duplex (TDD), Frequency Division Duplex (FDD)).

[0235] If the above conditions are not met, UE / BS may follow the behavior specified in existing 3GPP releases.

[0236] Information on whether one or more of the above embodiments / options / choices / examples apply / are used, or which of the above embodiments / options / choices / examples apply / are used, may be based on several of the following methods: • The information is set by one or more higher-layer parameters / RRC IEs. • The information is determined by one or more relevant higher-layer parameters / RRC IEs. • The information is indicated by MAC CE / DCI. • The information is based on one or more UE capabilities. • The information is described / defined in the specification. • The information is based on conditions described / defined in the specification. • The information is determined by a combination of several of the above. For example, the information is determined by the setting / indication of higher-layer parameters / MAC CE / DCIs and reported by UE capabilities.

[0237] The above multiple embodiments / options / choices may be combined into a single embodiment / option / choice.

[0238] (Note) The following inventions are added with respect to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Note 1] A terminal having a receiving unit that receives cell-specific information transmitted separately for each first physical cell identifier (PCI) for cell-specific information, and a control unit that controls the transmission and reception of terminal-specific information for each second PCI for terminal-specific information, which is terminal-specific information corresponding to the same first PCI corresponding to the same Distributed Unit (DU), based on the cell-specific information. [Note 2] The terminal according to Note 1, wherein the cell-specific information is transmitted in each cell of the different PCIs using common or separate resources. [Note 3] The terminal according to Note 1 or Note 2, wherein the cell-specific information is at least one of a synchronization signal, a broadcast channel, a demodulation reference signal for the broadcast channel, and a downlink channel for system information. [Note 4] The terminal according to any one of Notes 1 to 3, wherein the control unit controls at least one of the data scrambling and sequence scrambling of the cell-specific information using at least one of the first PCI and the second PCI.

[0239] (Wireless Communication System) The configuration of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment of this disclosure will be described below. In this wireless communication system, communication is performed using any of the wireless communication methods according to the above embodiments of this disclosure, or a combination thereof.

[0240] Figure 16 shows an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment. The wireless communication system 1 (which may also be simply called system 1) may be a system that realizes communication using Long Term Evolution (LTE), 5th generation mobile communication system New Radio (5G NR), etc., as specified by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0241] Furthermore, the wireless communication system 1 may support dual connectivity between multiple Radio Access Technologies (RATs) (Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC)). MR-DC may include dual connectivity between LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)), dual connectivity between NR and LTE (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC)), and the like.

[0242] In EN-DC, the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the Master Node (MN), and the NR base station (gNB) is the Secondary Node (SN). In NE-DC, the NR base station (gNB) is the MN, and the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the SN.

[0243] The wireless communication system 1 may support dual connectivity between multiple base stations within the same RAT (for example, dual connectivity where both MN and SN are NR base stations (gNB) (NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC))).

[0244] The wireless communication system 1 may include a base station 11 that forms a macrocell C1 with relatively wide coverage, and base stations 12 (12a-12c) located within the macrocell C1 that form a small cell C2 that is narrower than the macrocell C1. User terminals 20 may be located within at least one cell. The arrangement, number, shape, size, etc., of each cell and user terminal 20 are not limited to the configuration shown in the figure. Hereinafter, when base stations 11 and 12 are not distinguished, they will be collectively referred to as base station 10.

[0245] The wireless communication system 1 may utilize Multi Input Multi Output (MIMO). For example, one cell may be formed by one antenna / base station 10, or by multiple antennas / base stations 10. One [virtual] cell (which may be called a supercell, for example) may be composed of multiple [virtual] cells (which may be called subcells, for example). A supercell may correspond to a cell with a fixed physical range, and a subcell may correspond to a cell whose physical range fluctuates quasi-statically / dynamically. In this case, the wireless communication system 1 may be called a cell-free system.

[0246] The user terminal 20 may be connected to at least one of the multiple base stations 10. The user terminal 20 may utilize at least one of Carrier Aggregation (CA) using multiple Component Carriers (CC) and Dual Connectivity (DC).

[0247] Each CC may be included in at least one of the first frequency band (Frequency Range 1 (FR1)) and the second frequency band (Frequency Range 2 (FR2)). A macrocell C1 may be included in FR1, and a small cell C2 may be included in FR2. For example, FR1 may be a frequency band of 6 GHz or less (sub-6 GHz), and FR2 may be a frequency band above 24 GHz. Note that the frequency bands and definitions of FR1 and FR2 are not limited to these, and for example, FR1 may be in a frequency band higher than FR2.

[0248] Furthermore, the user terminal 20 may communicate in each CC using at least one of Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD).

[0249] Multiple base stations 10 may be connected by wire (e.g., optical fiber compliant with Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), X2 / Xn interface, etc.) or wireless (e.g., NR communication). For example, when NR communication is used as a backhaul between base stations 11 and 12, base station 11, which is the upstream station, may be called an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) donor, and base station 12, which is the relay station, may be called an IAB node.

[0250] Base station 10 may be connected to the core network 30 via other base stations 10 or directly. The core network 30 may include at least one of the following: Evolved Packet Core (EPC), 5G Core Network (5GCN), Next Generation Core (NGC), etc.

[0251] The core network 30 may include network functions (NF) such as User Plane Function (UPF), Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), Session Management Function (SMF), Unified Data Management (UDM), Application Function (AF), Data Network (DN), Location Management Function (LMF), and Operation, Administration and Maintenance (Management) (OAM). Multiple functions may be provided by a single network node. Furthermore, communication with an external network (e.g., the Internet) may occur via the DN.

[0252] The user terminal 20 may be a terminal that supports at least one of the following communication methods: LTE, LTE-A, 5G, etc.

[0253] In the wireless communication system 1, an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)-based wireless access scheme may be used. For example, Cyclic Prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM), Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-OFDM), etc., may be used in at least one of the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL).

[0254] The wireless access method may also be called a waveform. In wireless communication system 1, other wireless access methods (for example, other single-carrier transmission methods, other multi-carrier transmission methods) may be used for the UL and DL wireless access methods.

[0255] In the wireless communication system 1, a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), a Broadcast Channel (PBCH), or a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) may be used as the downlink channel, which is shared by each user terminal 20.

[0256] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, the uplink channel may include a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH), a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH), a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH), or the like, all of which are shared by each user terminal 20.

[0257] User data, higher-layer control information, and System Information Blocks (SIBs) are transmitted via PDSCH. User data and higher-layer control information may also be transmitted via PUSCH. Furthermore, Master Information Blocks (MIBs) may be transmitted via PBCH.

[0258] Lower-layer control information may be transmitted by PDCCH. The lower-layer control information may include, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI) which includes scheduling information for at least one of PDSCH and PUSCH.

[0259] Furthermore, the DCI that schedules PDSCH may be called DL assignment, DL DCI, etc., and the DCI that schedules PUSCH may be called UL grant, UL DCI, etc. Furthermore, PDSCH may be read as DL data, and PUSCH may be read as UL data.

[0260] PDCCH detection may utilize a Control Resource Set (CORESET) and a search space. A CORESET corresponds to the resources used to search for DCIs. A search space corresponds to the search area and search method for PDCCH candidates. A single CORESET may be associated with one or more search spaces. A UE may monitor CORESETs associated with a given search space based on the search space configuration.

[0261] A single search space may correspond to one or more PDCCH candidates corresponding to aggregation levels. One or more search spaces may be referred to as a search space set. In this disclosure, "search space," "search space set," "search space configuration," "search space set configuration," "CORESET," and "CORESET configuration" may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0262] PUCCH may transmit uplink control information (UCI) including at least one of channel state information (CSI), delivery acknowledgment information (for example, Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest ACKnowledgement (HARQ-ACK), ACK / NACK, etc.), and scheduling request (SR). PRACH may transmit a random access preamble for establishing a connection with the cell.

[0263] In this disclosure, downlinks, uplinks, etc., may be expressed without the prefix "link." Also, the prefix "physical" may be omitted from the names of various channels.

[0264] In the wireless communication system 1, a synchronization signal (SS), a downlink reference signal (DL-RS), etc., may be transmitted. In the wireless communication system 1, the DL-RS may include a cell-specific reference signal (CRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a positioning reference signal (PRS), a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS), etc.

[0265] The synchronization signal may be, for example, at least one of a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) and a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS). A signal block including SS (PSS, SSS) and PBCH (and DMRS for PBCH) may be called an SS / PBCH block, SS Block (SSB), etc. Note that SS, SSB, etc. may also be called reference signals.

[0266] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, the uplink reference signal (UL-RS) may include a sounding reference signal (SRS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), etc. The DMRS may also be called a user-specific reference signal (UE-specific Reference Signal).

[0267] (Base Station) Figure 17 shows an example of the configuration of a base station according to one embodiment. The base station 10 includes a control unit 110, a transmitting / receiving unit 120, a transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and a transmission line interface 140. Note that one or more of the control unit 110, the transmitting / receiving unit 120, the transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and the transmission line interface 140 may be provided.

[0268] In this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of this embodiment are mainly shown, and it may be assumed that the base station 10 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each part described below may be omitted.

[0269] The control unit 110 controls the entire base station 10. The control unit 110 can be composed of a controller, control circuit, etc., as described based on common understanding in the technical field related to this disclosure.

[0270] The control unit 110 may control signal generation, scheduling (e.g., resource allocation, mapping), etc. The control unit 110 may also control transmission and reception, measurement, etc., using the transmitting / receiving unit 120, transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and transmission path interface 140. The control unit 110 may generate data to be transmitted as signals, control information, sequences, etc., and transfer them to the transmitting / receiving unit 120. The control unit 110 may also perform call processing of communication channels (setting, releasing, etc.), status management of the base station 10, management of wireless resources, etc.

[0271] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may include a baseband unit 121, a radio frequency (RF) unit 122, and a measurement unit 123. The baseband unit 121 may include a transmission processing unit 1211 and a reception processing unit 1212. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 can be composed of a transmitter / receiver, RF circuit, baseband circuit, filter, phase shifter, measurement circuit, transmitting / receiving circuit, etc., as described based on common understanding in the art relating to this disclosure.

[0272] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or it may be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may consist of a transmitting processing unit 1211 and an RF unit 122. The receiving unit may consist of a receiving processing unit 1212, an RF unit 122 and a measuring unit 123.

[0273] The transmitting and receiving antenna 130 can be composed of an antenna described based on common understanding in the art relating to this disclosure, such as an array antenna.

[0274] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may transmit the downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may also receive the uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0275] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may use digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), or the like to form at least one of the transmitting beam and the receiving beam.

[0276] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) may perform processing on data and control information acquired from the control unit 110, for example, at the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer (e.g., RLC retransmission control), and the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), to generate a bit sequence to be transmitted.

[0277] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) may perform transmission processing on the bit sequence to be transmitted, such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, discrete Fourier transform (DFT) processing (if necessary), inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion, and output a baseband signal.

[0278] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc., of the baseband signal to the radio frequency band and transmit the signal in the radio frequency band via the transmitting / receiving antenna 130.

[0279] On the other hand, the transmitting / receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc., on the radio frequency band signal received by the transmitting / receiving antenna 130.

[0280] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (receiving processing unit 1212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) processing, Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal to acquire user data, etc.

[0281] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (measurement unit 123) may perform measurements related to the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 123 may perform Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurements, Channel State Information (CSI) measurements, etc., based on the received signal. The measurement unit 123 may also measure received power (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)), reception quality (e.g., Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)), signal strength (e.g., Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 110.

[0282] The transmission path interface 140 may send and receive signals (backhaul signaling) with devices included in the core network 30 (e.g., network nodes that provide NF), other base stations 10, etc., and may acquire and transmit user data (user plane data), control plane data, etc. for the user terminal 20.

[0283] In this disclosure, the transmitting and receiving units of the base station 10 may consist of at least one of a transmitting / receiving unit 120, a transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and a transmission path interface 140.

[0284] The base station 10 may be separated into three elements: a Radio Unit (RU), a Distributed Unit (DU), and a Central Unit (CU). For example, the RU may implement RF processing (digital beamforming, digital-to-analog conversion, analog beamforming, etc.) and lower-level physical layer functions (precoding, IFFT, FFT, etc.). The DU may implement higher-level physical layer functions (coding to resource element mapping, etc.), MAC layer functions, and RLC layer functions. The CU may implement PDCP layer, Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer, and RRC layer functions.

[0285] In this disclosure, base station 10 may include a single device that implements all the functions of RU, DU, and CU, or it may include multiple devices that each implement some of the functions of RU, DU, and CU and are connected to each other. In this disclosure, base station 10 may be interpreted as RU / DU / CU.

[0286] In this disclosure, the base station 10 may have only specific functions (for example, RU / DU / CU functions).

[0287] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may transmit cell-specific information that is transmitted separately for each first physical cell identifier (PCI) for cell-specific information. The control unit 110 may control the transmission and reception of terminal-specific information for each second PCI for terminal-specific information, which corresponds to the same first PCI corresponding to the same distributed unit (DU), based on the cell-specific information.

[0288] (User Terminal) Figure 18 shows an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to one embodiment. The user terminal 20 includes a control unit 210, a transmitting / receiving unit 220, and a transmitting / receiving antenna 230. Note that one or more of the control unit 210, the transmitting / receiving unit 220, and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230 may be provided.

[0289] In this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of this embodiment are mainly shown, and it may be assumed that the user terminal 20 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each part described below may be omitted.

[0290] The control unit 210 controls the entire user terminal 20. The control unit 210 can be composed of a controller, control circuit, etc., as described based on common understanding in the technical field related to this disclosure.

[0291] The control unit 210 may control signal generation, mapping, etc. The control unit 210 may also control transmission and reception, measurement, etc., using the transmitting / receiving unit 220 and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230. The control unit 210 may generate data to be transmitted as signals, control information, sequences, etc., and transfer them to the transmitting / receiving unit 220.

[0292] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may include a baseband unit 221, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223. The baseband unit 221 may include a transmission processing unit 2211 and a reception processing unit 2212. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 can be composed of a transmitter / receiver, RF circuit, baseband circuit, filter, phase shifter, measurement circuit, transmitting / receiving circuit, etc., as described based on common understanding in the art relating to this disclosure.

[0293] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or it may be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may consist of a transmitting processing unit 2211 and an RF unit 222. The receiving unit may consist of a receiving processing unit 2212, an RF unit 222 and a measuring unit 223.

[0294] The transmitting and receiving antenna 230 can be composed of an antenna described based on common understanding in the art relating to this disclosure, such as an array antenna.

[0295] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may receive the downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may also transmit the uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0296] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may use digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), or the like to form at least one of the transmitting beam and the receiving beam.

[0297] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform PDCP layer processing, RLC layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), MAC layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc., on data and control information acquired from the control unit 210 to generate a bit sequence to be transmitted.

[0298] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform transmission processing on the bit sequence to be transmitted, such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, DFT processing (if necessary), IFFT processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion, and output a baseband signal.

[0299] Whether or not to apply DFT processing may be based on the transform precoding settings. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform DFT processing as the transmission process to transmit a channel (for example, PUSCH) using a DFT-s-OFDM waveform if transform precoding is enabled for that channel, or it may not perform DFT processing as the transmission process if transform precoding is not enabled for that channel.

[0300] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc., of the baseband signal to the radio frequency band and transmit the signal in the radio frequency band via the transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0301] On the other hand, the transmitting / receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc., on the radio frequency band signal received by the transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0302] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (receiving processing unit 2212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, FFT processing, IDFT processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal to acquire user data, etc.

[0303] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (measuring unit 223) may perform measurements related to the received signal. For example, the measuring unit 223 may perform RRM measurement, CSI measurement, etc., based on the received signal. The measuring unit 223 may also measure received power (e.g., RSRP), received quality (e.g., RSRQ, SINR, SNR), signal strength (e.g., RSSI), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 210.

[0304] The measurement unit 223 may derive channel measurements for CSI calculation based on channel measurement resources. Channel measurement resources may be, for example, Non Zero Power (NZP) CSI-RS resources. The measurement unit 223 may also derive interference measurements for CSI calculation based on interference measurement resources. Interference measurement resources may be at least one of the following: NZP CSI-RS resources for interference measurement, CSI-Interference Measurement (IM) resources, etc. CSI-IM may also be called CSI-Interference Management (IM), and may be interpreted interchangeably with Zero Power (ZP) CSI-RS. In this disclosure, CSI-RS, NZP CSI-RS, ZP CSI-RS, CSI-IM, CSI-SSB, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0305] In this disclosure, the transmitting unit and receiving unit of the user terminal 20 may be composed of at least one of a transmitting / receiving unit 220 and a transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0306] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may receive cell-specific information transmitted separately for each first physical cell identifier (PCI) for cell-specific information. The control unit 210 may control the transmission and reception of terminal-specific information for each second PCI for terminal-specific information, which corresponds to the same first PCI corresponding to the same distributed unit (DU), based on the cell-specific information.

[0307] The cell-specific information may be transmitted in each of the different PCI cells using common or separate resources.

[0308] The cell-specific information may be at least one of a synchronization signal, a broadcast channel, a demodulation reference signal for the broadcast channel, and a downlink channel for system information.

[0309] The control unit 210 may use at least one of the first PCI and the second PCI to control at least one of the data scrambling and sequence scrambling of the cell-specific information.

[0310] (Hardware Configuration) The block diagram used in the description of the above embodiment shows functional units. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, the method of realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using one device that is physically or logically coupled, or it may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are directly or indirectly connected (for example, using wired or wireless connections). A functional block may also be realized by combining the above one device or the above multiple devices with software.

[0311] Here, functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, decision, determination, calculation, calculation, processing, derivation, investigation, exploration, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, consideration, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating (mapping), and assigning. For example, a functional block (configuration part) that enables transmission may be called a transmitting unit or transmitter. In all cases, as mentioned above, the method of implementation is not particularly limited.

[0312] For example, a base station, user terminal, etc. in one embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer that processes the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Figure 19 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and user terminal according to one embodiment. The base station 10 and user terminal 20 described above may be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, memory 1002, storage 1003, communication device 1004, input device 1005, output device 1006, bus 1007, etc.

[0313] In this disclosure, terms such as apparatus, circuit, device, section, and unit are interchangeable. The hardware configuration of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may include one or more of the devices shown in the figure, or it may be configured without some of the devices.

[0314] For example, although only one processor 1001 is shown in the diagram, there may be multiple processors. Furthermore, the processing may be performed by one processor, or it may be performed by two or more processors simultaneously, sequentially, or by other means. Note that the processor 1001 may be implemented using one or more chips.

[0315] Each function in the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 is realized, for example, by loading predetermined software (programs) onto hardware such as the processor 1001 and memory 1002, which allows the processor 1001 to perform calculations and control communication via the communication device 1004, or control at least one of reading and writing data in the memory 1002 and storage 1003.

[0316] The processor 1001 controls the entire computer, for example, by running an operating system. The processor 1001 may be composed of a central processing unit (CPU) that includes interfaces with peripheral devices, control devices, arithmetic units, registers, etc. For example, at least a part of the control unit 110 (210) and the transmitting / receiving unit 120 (220) described above may be implemented by the processor 1001.

[0317] Furthermore, the processor 1001 reads programs (program code), software modules, data, etc., from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002 and executes various processes accordingly. The program used is one that causes the computer to execute at least a part of the operations described in the above embodiment. For example, the control unit 110 (210) may be implemented by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and running on the processor 1001, and other functional blocks may be implemented similarly.

[0318] The memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may consist of at least one of the following: Read Only Memory (ROM), Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically EPROM (EEPROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), or other suitable storage medium. The memory 1002 may also be called a register, cache, or main memory. The memory 1002 can store executable programs (program code), software modules, etc., for carrying out a wireless communication method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0319] The storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium and may consist of at least one of the following: a flexible disk, a floppy disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a Compact Disk (Compact Disc ROM (CD-ROM)), a Digital Use Disk, a Blu-ray (registered trademark) disk), a removable disk, a hard disk drive, a smart card, a flash memory device (e.g., a card, stick, key drive), a magnetic stripe, a database, a server, or other suitable storage medium. The storage 1003 may also be called an auxiliary storage device.

[0320] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmitting / receiving device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as a network device, network controller, network card, communication module, etc. The communication device 1004 may be configured to include, for example, a high-frequency switch, duplexer, filter, frequency synthesizer, etc., in order to implement at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). For example, the above-mentioned transmitting / receiving unit 120 (220), transmitting / receiving antenna 130 (230), etc., may be implemented by the communication device 1004. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (220) may be implemented with physically or logically separated transmitting unit 120a (220a) and receiving unit 120b (220b).

[0321] The input device 1005 is an input device that accepts input from an external source (e.g., a keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, etc.). The output device 1006 is an output device that outputs to an external source (e.g., a display, speaker, light-emitting diode (LED) lamp, etc.). The input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be configured as an integrated unit (e.g., a touch panel).

[0322] Furthermore, each device, such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or different buses may be configured for each device.

[0323] Furthermore, the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), and a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and some or all of each functional block may be implemented using such hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these hardware components.

[0324] Furthermore, devices included in the core network 30 (for example, network nodes that provide NF) may also be implemented using the functional block / hardware configuration described above.

[0325] (Variations) Terms used in this disclosure and terms necessary for understanding this disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, channel, symbol and signal (signal or signaling) may be used interchangeably. Also, a signal may be a message. A reference signal may be abbreviated as RS and may be called a pilot, pilot signal, etc., depending on the applicable standard. Also, a component carrier (CC) may be called a cell, frequency carrier, carrier frequency, etc.

[0326] A wireless frame may consist of one or more periods (frames) in the time domain. Each of these periods (frames) constituting a wireless frame may be called a subframe. Furthermore, a subframe may consist of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

[0327] Here, the neurology may be communication parameters applied to at least one of the transmission and reception of a signal or channel. The neurology may be, for example, at least one of the following: subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame configuration, specific filtering processes performed by the transceiver in the frequency domain, and specific windowing processes performed by the transceiver in the time domain.

[0328] A slot may consist of one or more symbols in the time domain (such as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols or Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbols). Alternatively, a slot may be a time unit based on neurology.

[0329] A slot may include multiple minislots. Each minislot may consist of one or more symbols in the time domain. Minislots may also be called subslots. Minislots may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a minislot may be called a PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using minislots may be called a PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0330] Wireless frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols all represent units of time when transmitting a signal. Wireless frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols may each be referred to by different names. Furthermore, the units of time such as frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols in this disclosure may be interpreted as interchangeable.

[0331] For example, one subframe may be called a TTI, multiple consecutive subframes may be called a TTI, and one slot or one mini-slot may be called a TTI. In other words, at least one of a subframe and a TTI may be a subframe in existing LTE (1 ms), a period shorter than 1 ms (e.g., 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Note that the unit representing a TTI may be called a slot, mini-slot, etc., instead of a subframe.

[0332] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest time unit for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, the base station schedules each user terminal to allocate wireless resources (such as the frequency bandwidth and transmission power available to each user terminal) in TTI units. However, the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0333] TTI may be a transmission time unit for channel-encoded data packets (transport blocks), code blocks, code words, etc., or it may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. When a TTI is given, the actual time interval (e.g., number of symbols) in which the transport block, code block, code word, etc. are mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

[0334] Furthermore, if one slot or one mini-slot is referred to as a TTI, then one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more mini-slots) may constitute the minimum time unit for scheduling. In addition, the number of slots (number of mini-slots) that constitute this minimum time unit for scheduling may be controlled.

[0335] A TTI with a time length of 1 ms may be called a normal TTI, long TTI, normal subframe, long subframe, slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a normal TTI may be called a shortened TTI, short TTI, partial or fractional TTI, shortened subframe, short subframe, mini slot, sub slot, slot, etc.

[0336] Furthermore, long TTIs (e.g., normal TTIs, subframes, etc.) may be interpreted as TTIs with a time length exceeding 1 ms, and short TTIs (e.g., shortened TTIs, etc.) may be interpreted as TTIs with a TTI length less than that of a long TTI but 1 ms or more.

[0337] A Resource Block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and frequency domain, and in the frequency domain, it may contain one or more consecutive subcarriers. The number of subcarriers in an RB may be the same regardless of the neurology, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers in an RB may be determined based on the neurology.

[0338] Furthermore, an RB may contain one or more symbols in the time domain and may have the length of one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI. One TTI, one subframe, etc., may each consist of one or more resource blocks.

[0339] One or more RBs may also be called Physical RBs (PRBs), Sub-Carrier Groups (SCGs), Resource Element Groups (REGs), PRB pairs, RB pairs, etc.

[0340] Furthermore, a resource block may consist of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource area comprising one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0341] A Bandwidth Part (BWP), also known as a partial bandwidth, may represent a subset of consecutive common resource blocks (RBs) for a given neurology in a given carrier. These common RBs may be identified by an index of the RBs relative to a common reference point of the carrier. The PRBs may be defined and numbered within a given BWP.

[0342] A BWP may include UL BWP (BWP for UL) and DL BWP (BWP for DL). One or more BWPs may be configured within a single carrier for a UE.

[0343] At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE does not need to assume that it will transmit or receive a predetermined signal / channel outside of the active BWP. In this disclosure, terms such as "cell" and "carrier" may be read as "BWP".

[0344] The structures of wireless frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols described above are merely examples. For example, the number of subframes included in a wireless frame, the number of slots per subframe or wireless frame, the number of minislots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, and the number of symbols, symbol length, and cyclic prefix (CP) length within the TTI can be varied in various ways.

[0345] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc., described in this disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, relative values ​​from a predetermined value, or corresponding other information. For example, wireless resources may be indicated by a predetermined index.

[0346] The names used for parameters and other elements in this disclosure are not restrictive in any way. Furthermore, mathematical formulas and other elements using these parameters may differ from those expressly disclosed in this disclosure. Various channels (PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements can be identified by any suitable name, and therefore, the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not restrictive in any way.

[0347] The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of the various different techniques. For example, the data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0348] Furthermore, information, signals, etc., can be output from upper layers to lower layers and from lower layers to upper layers, or to at least one of the two. Information, signals, etc., may also be input and output via multiple network nodes.

[0349] Input and output information and signals may be stored in a specific location (e.g., memory) or managed using a management table. Input and output information and signals may be overwritten, updated, or appended to. Output information and signals may be deleted. Input information and signals may be transmitted to other devices.

[0350] Any information described in this disclosure (e.g., variables, constants, parameters) may be communicated from any first device (e.g., UE / base station) to any second device (e.g., base station / UE) that indicates / specifies (or relates to) the value of such any information, even if not specifically stated in the embodiments described above.

[0351] Information notification is not limited to the embodiments described herein and may be carried out by other means. For example, information notification in this disclosure may be carried out by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI)), higher layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB)), Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling), other signals, or a combination thereof.

[0352] Physical layer signaling may also be called Layer 1 / Layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information (L1 / L2 control signals), L1 control information (L1 control signals), etc. RRC signaling may also be called RRC messages, for example, RRC Connection Setup messages, RRC Connection Reconfiguration messages, etc. MAC signaling may also be communicated using, for example, MAC Control Elements (CEs).

[0353] Furthermore, notification of the specified information (for example, notification that "X is the case") is not limited to explicit notification, but may also be made implicitly (for example, by not notifying the specified information or by notifying other information).

[0354] The determination may be made by a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), by a boolean value represented as true or false, or by a numerical comparison (for example, a comparison with a predetermined value).

[0355] Software should be broadly interpreted to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, execution threads, procedures, functions, and so on, whether they are called software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description languages, or by any other name.

[0356] Furthermore, software, instructions, information, etc., may be transmitted and received via a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using at least one of wired technology (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, or Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)) and wireless technology (such as infrared or microwave), then at least one of these wired and wireless technologies is included in the definition of a transmission medium.

[0357] The terms “system” and “network” as used in this disclosure may be used interchangeably. “Network” may also mean the equipment included in the network (e.g., base stations).

[0358] In this disclosure, terms such as “precoding,” “precoder,” “weight (precoding weight),” “quasi-co-location (QCL),” “transmission configuration indication state (TCI state),” “spatial relation,” “spatial domain filter,” “transmit power,” “phase rotation,” “antenna port,” “layer,” “number of layers,” “rank,” “resource,” “resource set,” “beam,” “beam width,” “beam angle,” “antenna,” “antenna element,” “panel,” “UE panel,” “transmitting entity,” and “receiving entity” may be used interchangeably.

[0359] In this disclosure, "antenna port" may be interpreted interchangeably with "antenna port for any signal / channel" (e.g., a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) port). In this disclosure, "resource" may be interpreted interchangeably with "resource for any signal / channel" (e.g., a reference signal resource, an SRS resource, etc.). Resources may include time / frequency / code / spatial / power resources. Furthermore, a spatial domain transmit filter may include at least one of a spatial domain transmit filter and a spatial domain receive filter.

[0360] The above group may include, for example, at least one of the following: a spatial relationship group, a code division multiplexing (CDM) group, a reference signal (RS) group, a control resource set (CORESET) group, a PUCCH group, an antenna port group (e.g., a DMRS port group), a layer group, a resource group, a beam group, an antenna group, or a panel group.

[0361] Furthermore, in this disclosure, terms such as beam, SRS Resource Indicator (SRI), CORESET, CORESET pool, PDSCH, PUSCH, Codeword (CW), Transport Block (TB), and RS may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0362] Furthermore, in this disclosure, TCI state, downlink TCI state (DL TCI state), uplink TCI state (UL TCI state), unified TCI state, common TCI state, joint TCI state, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0363] Furthermore, in this disclosure, terms such as "QCL," "QCL assumption," "QCL relationship," "QCL type information," "QCL property / properties," "specific QCL type (e.g., Type A, Type D) properties," and "specific QCL type (e.g., Type A, Type D)" may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0364] In this disclosure, terms such as index, identifier (ID), indicator, indication, and resource ID may be interpreted interchangeably. In this disclosure, terms such as sequence, list, set, group, cluster, subset may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0365] Furthermore, the spatial relationship information Identifier (ID) (TCI state ID) and spatial relationship information (TCI state) may be interpreted as mutually exclusive. "Spatial relationship information (TCI state)" may be interpreted as mutually exclusive as "a set of spatial relationship information (TCI state)," "one or more pieces of spatial relationship information," etc. TCI state and TCI may be interpreted as mutually exclusive. Spatial relationship information and spatial relationship may be interpreted as mutually exclusive.

[0366] In this disclosure, terms such as “Base Station (BS),” “wireless base station,” “fixed station,” “NodeB,” “eNB (eNodeB),” “gNB (gNodeB),” “access point,” “Transmission Point (TP),” “Reception Point (RP),” “Transmission / Reception Point (TRP),” “panel,” “cell,” “sector,” “cell group,” “carrier,” and “component carrier” may be used interchangeably. Base stations may also be referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, and picocell.

[0367] A base station may house one or more (e.g., three) cells. If a base station houses multiple cells, the entire coverage area of ​​the base station may be divided into several smaller areas, each of which may also be provided with communication services by a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head (RRH))). The terms “cell” or “sector” refer to part or all of the coverage area of ​​at least one of the base station and / or base station subsystems that provide communication services in that coverage.

[0368] In this disclosure, the transmission of information by a base station to a terminal may be interpreted as the base station instructing the terminal to perform a control / operation based on said information.

[0369] In this disclosure, terms such as "Mobile Station (MS)," "user terminal," "User Equipment (UE)," and "terminal" may be used interchangeably.

[0370] A mobile station may also be called a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other appropriate term.

[0371] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be called a transmitting device, a receiving device, a wireless communication device, etc. At least one of the base station and the mobile station may also be a device mounted on a moving object, the moving object itself, etc.

[0372] The term "mobile object" refers to any movable object, regardless of its speed, and naturally includes cases where the mobile object is stationary. Examples of such mobile objects include, but are not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcarts, rickshaws, ships and other watercraft, airplanes, rockets, satellites, drones, multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and items carried on them. Furthermore, such mobile objects may be autonomously driven objects operating based on operational commands.

[0373] The mobile entity may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane), an unmanned mobile entity (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle), or a robot (manned or unmanned). At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device that does not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.

[0374] Figure 20 shows an example of a vehicle according to one embodiment. The vehicle 40 includes a drive unit 41, a steering unit 42, an accelerator pedal 43, a brake pedal 44, a shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, an axle 48, an electronic control unit 49, various sensors (including a current sensor 50, a rotation speed sensor 51, a pneumatic pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration sensor 54, an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a brake pedal sensor 56, a shift lever sensor 57, and an object detection sensor 58), an information service unit 59, and a communication module 60.

[0375] The drive unit 41 consists of, for example, at least one of an engine, a motor, or an engine-motor hybrid. The steering unit 42 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels 46 and the rear wheels 47 based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by the user.

[0376] The electronic control unit 49 consists of a microprocessor 61, memory (ROM, RAM) 62, and communication ports (e.g., input / output (IO) ports) 63. Signals from various sensors 50-58 installed in the vehicle are input to the electronic control unit 49. The electronic control unit 49 may also be called an Electronic Control Unit (ECU).

[0377] Signals from various sensors 50-58 include current signals from current sensor 50 for sensing motor current, rotational speed signals of front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 acquired by rotational speed sensor 51, air pressure signals of front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 acquired by air pressure sensor 52, vehicle speed signals acquired by vehicle speed sensor 53, acceleration signals acquired by acceleration sensor 54, accelerator pedal depression amount signals acquired by accelerator pedal sensor 55, brake pedal depression amount signals acquired by brake pedal sensor 56, operation signals of shift lever 45 acquired by shift lever sensor 57, and detection signals acquired by object detection sensor 58 for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc.

[0378] The information service unit 59 consists of various devices for providing (outputting) various types of information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, including a car navigation system, audio system, speakers, display, television, and radio, and one or more ECUs that control these devices. The information service unit 59 uses information acquired from external devices via a communication module 60 or the like to provide various types of information / services (for example, multimedia information / multimedia services) to the occupants of the vehicle 40.

[0379] The information service unit 59 may include input devices that accept input from the outside (e.g., keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, touch panel, etc.) or output devices that perform output to the outside (e.g., display, speaker, LED lamp, touch panel, etc.).

[0380] The driver assistance system unit 64 consists of various devices that provide functions to prevent accidents or reduce the driver's workload, such as millimeter-wave radar, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), cameras, positioning locators (e.g., Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)), map information (e.g., High Definition (HD) maps, Autonomous Vehicle (AV) maps), gyro systems (e.g., Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), Inertial Navigation System (INS)), artificial intelligence (AI) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. The driver assistance system unit 64 also transmits and receives various information via the communication module 60 to realize driver assistance functions or autonomous driving functions.

[0381] The communication module 60 can communicate with the microprocessor 61 and components of the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63. For example, the communication module 60 sends and receives data (information) via the communication port 63 to the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axle 48, the microprocessor 61 and memory (ROM, RAM) 62 in the electronic control unit 49, and various sensors 50-58 provided in the vehicle 40.

[0382] The communication module 60 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 61 of the electronic control unit 49 and can communicate with external devices. For example, it can send and receive various types of information to and from external devices via wireless communication. The communication module 60 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 49. The external device may be, for example, the base station 10 or the user terminal 20 described above. Alternatively, the communication module 60 may be, for example, at least one of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 (it may function as at least one of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20).

[0383] The communication module 60 may transmit at least one of the following to an external device via wireless communication: signals from the various sensors 50-58 input to the electronic control unit 49, information obtained based on said signals, and information based on input from an external source (user) obtained via the information service unit 59. The electronic control unit 49, the various sensors 50-58, the information service unit 59, etc., may also be called input units that accept input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 60 may include the information based on the above input.

[0384] The communication module 60 receives various information (traffic information, signal information, inter-vehicle information, etc.) transmitted from an external device and displays it on the information service unit 59 installed in the vehicle. The information service unit 59 may also be called an output unit, which outputs information (for example, it outputs information to devices such as displays and speakers based on the PDSCH (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH) received by the communication module 60).

[0385] Furthermore, the communication module 60 stores various information received from external devices in a memory 62 that can be used by the microprocessor 61. Based on the information stored in the memory 62, the microprocessor 61 may control the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axle 48, various sensors 50-58, etc., which are provided in the vehicle 40.

[0386] Furthermore, the term "base station" in this disclosure may be interpreted as "user terminal." For example, the various aspects / embodiments of this disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a user terminal is replaced with communication between multiple user terminals (which may be called, for example, Device-to-Device (D2D), Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X)). In this case, the user terminal 20 may have the functions of the base station 10 described above. Also, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be interpreted as terms corresponding to terminal-to-terminal communication (for example, "sidelink"). For example, uplink channel, downlink channel, etc., may be interpreted as sidelink channel.

[0387] Similarly, the term "user terminal" in this disclosure may be replaced with "base station." In this case, the base station 10 may be configured to have the same functions as the user terminal 20 described above.

[0388] In this disclosure, operations performed by a base station may, in some cases, be performed by its upper node. In a network including one or more network nodes having base stations, it is clear that various operations performed for communication with terminals may be performed by the base station, one or more network nodes other than the base station (for example, a Mobility Management Entity (MME), a Serving Gateway (S-GW), etc., but not limited to these), or a combination thereof.

[0389] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be used individually, in combination, or switched between as needed during execution. Furthermore, the processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc., of each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be rearranged in order, provided they are consistent. For example, the methods described in this disclosure present various step elements using exemplary order and are not limited to the specific order presented.

[0390] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure is Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG (where x is, for example, an integer or decimal)), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM®), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi®), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX®), IEEE 802.20, systems utilizing Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth®, or other appropriate wireless communication methods, and next-generation systems extended, modified, created, or defined based thereon may also be applied. Furthermore, multiple systems may be applied in combination (for example, a combination of LTE or LTE-A and 5G).

[0391] In this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based solely on" unless otherwise specified. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based solely on" and "based at least on."

[0392] Any reference to elements using the designations “first,” “second,” etc., as used in this disclosure does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient way to distinguish between two or more elements. Accordingly, the references to the first and second elements do not imply that only two elements may be employed or that the first element must precede the second element in any way.

[0393] The term “determining” as used in this disclosure may encompass a wide variety of actions. For example, “determining” may be considered to mean judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, searching, or inquiring (e.g., searching in tables, databases, or other data structures), ascertaining, etc.

[0394] Furthermore, "judgment (decision)" may be considered as "judging (deciding)" things like receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input, output, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory).

[0395] Furthermore, “judgment (decision)” may be considered as “judgment (decision)” of resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. In other words, “judgment (decision)” may be considered as “judgment (decision)” of some action. In this disclosure, “judgment (decision)” may be interpreted as mutually interchangeable with the actions described above.

[0396] Furthermore, in this disclosure, “determine / determining” may be interpreted as “assume / assuming,” “expect / expecting,” or “consider / considering.” In addition, in this disclosure, “not expecting to do…” may be interpreted as “expecting not to do….”

[0397] In this disclosure, "expect" may be rephrased as "be expected." For example, "expect(s) ..." (where "..." may be expressed as a that clause, an infinitive, etc.) may be rephrased as "be expected ..." or "do (the verb without "to" if "..." is an infinitive)." Similarly, "does not expect ..." may be rephrased as "be not expected ..." or "do not (the verb without "to" if "..." is an infinitive)." Furthermore, "An apparatus A is not expected ..." may be rephrased as "An apparatus B other than apparatus A does not expect ... from apparatus A" (for example, if apparatus A is a UE, apparatus B may be a base station).

[0398] The term "maximum transmit power" as used in this disclosure may mean the maximum transmit power, the nominal UE maximum transmit power, or the rated UE maximum transmit power.

[0399] As used in this disclosure, the terms “connected,” “coupled,” and any variations thereof mean any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are “connected” or “coupled” with each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, “connection” may be replaced with “access.”

[0400] In this disclosure, when two elements are connected, they can be considered to be "connected" or "coupled" to each other using one or more wires, cables, printed electrical connections, etc., and, in some non-exclusive and non-exclusive examples, electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency domain, microwave domain, and optical (both visible and invisible) domain.

[0401] In this disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "combine" may be interpreted similarly to "different."

[0402] Where the terms “include,” “including,” and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms are intended to be inclusive, as is the term “comprising.” Furthermore, the term “or” as used in this disclosure is not intended to mean exclusive OR.

[0403] In this disclosure, if articles are added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, this disclosure may include the fact that the noun following these articles is plural.

[0404] In this disclosure, "less than or equal to," "less than," "greater than or equal to," "more than," and "equal to" may be interpreted interchangeably. In addition, in this disclosure, words meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "early," "slow," "wide," and "narrow" may be interpreted interchangeably, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative degrees. In addition, in this disclosure, words meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "early," "slow," "wide," and "narrow" may be interpreted interchangeably, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative degrees, by adding "i-th" (where i is any integer) to the expression (for example, "highest" may be interpreted interchangeably with "i-th highest").

[0405] In this disclosure, "of," "for," "regarding," "related to," and "associated with" may be interpreted as being interchangeable.

[0406] In this disclosure, phrases such as "when A, B", "if A, then B", "B upon A", "B in response to A", "B based on A", "B during / while A", "B before A", "B at (the same time as) / on A", "B after A", "B since A", and "B until A" may be interchangeable. Furthermore, A, B, etc., may be replaced with appropriate expressions such as nouns, gerunds, or regular sentences depending on the context. The time difference between A and B may be approximately zero (immediately after or immediately before). Additionally, a time offset may be applied to the time when A occurs. For example, "A" may be interpreted as "before / after the time offset when A occurs". The time offset (e.g., one or more symbols / slots) may be predetermined or determined by the UE based on notified information.

[0407] In this disclosure, timing, time, duration, time instance, any unit of time (e.g., slot, subslot, symbol, subframe), period, occasion, resource, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0408] Although the invention described herein has been explained in detail above, it will be clear to those skilled in the art that the invention described herein is not limited to the embodiments described herein. The descriptions herein are illustrative and not intended to be restrictive in any way to the invention described herein.

[0409] This application is based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2025-014251, filed on January 30, 2025. All of its contents are included herein.

Claims

1. A terminal having: a receiving unit that receives cell-specific information transmitted separately for each first physical cell identifier (PCI) for cell-specific information; and a control unit that controls the transmission and reception of terminal-specific information for each second PCI for terminal-specific information, which is terminal-specific information corresponding to the same first PCI corresponding to the same distributed unit (DU), based on the cell-specific information.

2. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the cell-specific information is transmitted in each of the different PCI cells using common or separate resources.

3. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the cell-specific information is at least one of a synchronization signal, a broadcast channel, a demodulation reference signal for the broadcast channel, and a downlink channel for system information.

4. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the control unit controls at least one of the data scrambling and sequence scrambling of the cell-specific information using at least one of the first PCI and the second PCI.

5. A wireless communication method for a terminal, comprising the steps of: receiving cell-specific information transmitted separately for each first physical cell identifier (PCI) for cell-specific information; and controlling the transmission and reception of terminal-specific information for each second PCI for terminal-specific information, which corresponds to the same first PCI and is for the same distributed unit (DU), based on the cell-specific information.

6. A base station having: a transmission unit that transmits cell-specific information separately for each first physical cell identifier (PCI) for cell-specific information; and a control unit that controls the transmission and reception of terminal-specific information for each second PCI for terminal-specific information, which is terminal-specific information corresponding to the same first PCI corresponding to the same distributed unit (DU), based on the cell-specific information.

Images