Terminal and communication method

Abstract

This terminal has: a reception signal for receiving information concerning use of a reference signal for suppressing phase variations in an uplink channel; and a control unit which, if the information indicates non-use of the reference signal, determines, on the basis of the number of muted resource elements, the number of pieces of uplink data to subject to transform precoding and transmit in one symbol.

Description

Terminal and Communication Method

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a terminal and a communication method.

[0002] The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP (registered trademark)) is standardizing the 5th generation mobile communication system (also called 5G, New Radio (NR) or Next Generation (NG)), and is also promoting the standardization of the next generation called Beyond 5G, 5G Evolution, or 6G.

[0003] In 5G, as requirements, technologies that satisfy a large-capacity system, high data transmission speed, low latency, simultaneous connection of a large number of terminals, low cost, power saving, etc. are being studied (for example, Non-Patent Document 1).

[0004] In NR, as the UL waveform (UL waveform), either DFT-s-OFDM or CP OFDM is activated by upper layer parameters such as RRC parameters. DFT-s-OFDM generates and transmits OFDM symbols based on data (signals) spread by DFT (transform precoding).

[0005] At the RAN1#119 meeting, some agreements were made regarding transform precoding in UL resource muting.

[0006] 3GPP TS 38.300 V17.6.0 (2023-09) "New WID: Evolution of NR duplex operation: Sub-band full duplex (SBFD)", RP-234035, 3GPP TSG RAN#102, 3GPP, December 2023 3GPP TS 38.211 V18.5.0 (2024-12)

[0007] However, the study on the reference signal for suppressing the phase fluctuation of the uplink channel and the transform precoding regarding UL resource muting is insufficient, and further study is required.

[0008] One aspect of this disclosure aims to clarify transform precoding relating to a reference signal for suppressing upchannel phase fluctuations and UL resource muting, and to provide a terminal and communication method that can operate appropriately.

[0009] A terminal according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes a receiving signal that receives information regarding the use of a reference signal to suppress phase fluctuations in the upchannel, and a control unit that, if the information indicates the non-use of the reference signal, determines the number of upchannel data to be transformed precoded and transmitted in a single symbol, based on the number of resource elements to be muted.

[0010] This figure shows an example of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. This figure shows an example of a frequency range used in a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. This figure shows an example of the configuration of wireless frames, subframes, and slots used in a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. This figure explains comb-2. This is an example of a DFT-s-OFDM block configuration. This figure explains the partitioning of complex numerical symbols. This is an example of a DFT-s-OFDM block configuration. This is an example of a DFT-s-OFDM block configuration. This is a block diagram showing an example of a base station configuration according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. This block diagram shows an example of a terminal configuration according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. This figure shows an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. This figure shows an example of a vehicle configuration according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0011] Hereinafter, an embodiment relating to one aspect of this disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the embodiment described below is merely an example, and the embodiments to which this disclosure applies are not limited to the embodiments described below.

[0012] <Wireless Communication System> Figure 1 shows an example of a wireless communication system 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The wireless communication system 10 is a wireless communication system in accordance with 5G NR and includes Next Generation-Radio Access Network 20 (hereinafter referred to as NG-RAN 20) and terminal 200 (hereinafter also referred to as UE (User Equipment) 200).

[0013] The wireless communication system 10 may be a wireless communication system that conforms to a method called Beyond 5G, 5G Evolution, or 6G.

[0014] NG-RAN20 includes base station 100A (hereinafter also referred to as gNB100A) and base station 100B (hereinafter also referred to as gNB100B). When it is not necessary to distinguish between gNB100A, gNB100B, etc., they are collectively referred to as gNB or base station 100. Furthermore, the number of gNBs and UEs is not limited to the example shown in Figure 1.

[0015] NG-RAN20 actually includes multiple NG-RAN nodes, specifically gNBs (or ng-eNBs), and is connected to a 5G-compliant core network (5GC, not shown). Note that NG-RAN20 and 5GC may simply be referred to as "the network." Furthermore, in the following, gNB may be read as "network (NW)."

[0016] gNB100A and gNB100B are, for example, base stations compliant with 5G, and perform 5G-compliant wireless communication with UE200. gNB100A, gNB100B, and UE200 may support MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output), which generates a more directional beam BM by controlling the radio signals transmitted from multiple antenna elements; Carrier Aggregation (CA), which uses multiple component carriers (CC); and Dual Connectivity (DC), which enables communication between the UE and each of the two NG-RAN nodes.

[0017] Furthermore, the wireless communication system 10 may support multiple frequency ranges (FRs). Figure 2 shows an example of an FR used in the wireless communication system 10. As shown in Figure 2, the wireless communication system 10 may support FR1 and FR2. The frequency bands of each FR are, for example, as follows: ・FR1: 410 MHz to 7.125 GHz ・FR2: 24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz

[0018] In FR1, a subcarrier spacing (SCS) of 15 kHz, 30 kHz, or 60 kHz may be used, and a bandwidth (BW) of 5 to 100 MHz may be used. FR2 is a higher frequency than FR1, and an SCS of 60 kHz or 120 kHz (240 kHz may be included) may be used, and a bandwidth (BW) of 50 to 400 MHz may be used.

[0019] Note that SCS may also be interpreted as numerology. Numerology is defined in 3GPP TS 38.300 and corresponds to a single subcarrier interval in the frequency domain.

[0020] Furthermore, the wireless communication system 10 may support higher frequency bands than the FR2 frequency band. Specifically, the wireless communication system 10 may support frequency bands exceeding 52.6 GHz and up to 114.25 GHz. Such high frequency bands may be conveniently referred to as "FR2x". When using a bandwidth exceeding 52.6 GHz, CP-OFDM (Cyclic Prefix - Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) / DFT-S-OFDM (Discrete Fourier Transform - Spread - Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) with a larger SCS may be applied.

[0021] Figure 3 shows an example of the configuration of wireless frames (system frames), subframes, and slots used in the wireless communication system 10. As shown in Figure 3, one slot consists of 14 symbols, and the larger (wider) the SCS, the shorter the symbol period (and slot period). However, the SCS is not limited to the interval (frequency) shown in Figure 3. For example, 480 kHz, 960 kHz, etc. may be used as the SCS.

[0022] Furthermore, the number of symbols constituting one slot does not necessarily have to be 14 (for example, it could be 28 or 56 symbols, etc.). In addition, the number of slots per subframe may differ depending on the SCS.

[0023] The time direction (t) shown in Figure 3 may also be called the time domain, symbol period, or symbol time. The frequency direction may also be called the frequency domain, resource block, subcarrier, bandwidth part (BWP), or similar.

[0024] The gNB100 transmits control information, setting information, etc., to the UE200 as a downlink (DL) signal.

[0025] Furthermore, for example, the gNB100 receives control information, data signals, and information regarding the processing capabilities of the UE200 (terminal capability information; e.g., UE capability) from the UE200 as uplink (UL) signals.

[0026] The channels used to transmit DL signals include, for example, a data channel and a control channel. For example, the data channel may include a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), and the control channel may include a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH). For example, gNB100 transmits control information to UE200 using the PDCCH and transmits DL data signals using the PDSCH. Note that PDSCH is an example of a Downlink Shared Channel, and PDCCH is an example of a Downlink Control Channel. Note that PDCCH may be interpreted as Downlink Control Information (DCI), control information, etc., transmitted in the PDCCH.

[0027] The reference signals included in the DL signal may include, for example, at least one of the following: DMRS (Demodulation Reference Signal), PTRS (Phase Tracking Reference Signal), CSI-RS (Channel State Information - Reference Signal), SRS (Sounding Reference Signal), and PRS (Positioning Reference Signal) for position information. For example, reference signals such as DMRS and PTRS (or PT-RS) are used to demodulate the DL data signal and are transmitted using PDSCH.

[0028] The UE200 is a communication device equipped with wireless communication capabilities, such as a smartphone, mobile phone, tablet, wearable device, or M2M (Machine-to-Machine) communication module.

[0029] The UE200 receives control signals or data signals from the gNB100 via DL and transmits control signals or data signals to the gNB100 via UL, thereby utilizing various communication services provided by the wireless communication system 10. The UE200 also receives various reference signals transmitted from the gNB100 and performs propagation path quality measurements based on the reception results of these reference signals.

[0030] For example, UE200 receives control information, setting information, etc., from gNB100 as DL signals.

[0031] Furthermore, for example, UE200 transmits control information, data signals, terminal capability information of UE200, etc., to gNB100 as UL signals.

[0032] The channels used to transmit UL signals include, for example, a data channel and a control channel. For example, the data channel may include a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH), and the control channel may include a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH). For example, UE200 transmits control information using PUCCH and transmits UL data signals using PUSCH. Note that PUSCH is an example of an uplink shared channel, and PUCCH is an example of an uplink control channel. Note that PUSCH or PUCCH may be interpreted as Uplink Control Information (UCI), control information, etc., transmitted in PUSCH or PUCCH.

[0033] The reference signals included in the UL signal may include, for example, at least one of DMRS, PTRS, CSI-RS, SRSRS, and PRS for location information. For example, reference signals such as DMRS and PTRS are used to demodulate the UL data signal and are transmitted using PUSCH. Hereafter, "and / or" may be written as " / ".

[0034] <SBFD> In Rel-18, an extension of the duplex scheme was considered. Specifically, SBFD (Sub-Band non-overlapping Full Duplex) was proposed, a new duplexing (redundancy) scheme that enables simultaneous use of downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) within the carrier of the time-division duplex (TDD) band. SBFD may also be interpreted as XDD (Cross Division Duplex) (for example, Non-Patent Document 2). ・SBFD symbol: A symbol in which the SBFD subband is set. ・Non-SBFD symbol: A symbol in which the SBFD subband is not set. ・DL (or semi-static D) symbol: A symbol indicated as DL by higher-layer (RRC) parameters such as TDD-UL-DL-ConfigurationCommon / TDD-UL-DL-ConfigDedicated. ・UL (or semi-static U) symbol: A symbol indicated as UL by higher-layer parameters such as TDD-UL-DL-ConfigurationCommon / TDD-UL-DL-ConfigDedicated. - Flexible (or semi-static F or Flexible) symbols: Symbols designated as flexible by higher-level parameters such as TDD-UL-DL-ConfigurationCommon / TDD-UL-DL-ConfigDedicated. - SBFD DL symbols: Symbols designated as DL by higher-level parameters such as tdd-UL-DL-ConfigurationCommon / tdd-UL-DL-ConfigurationDedicated, with SBFD subbands configured. - SBFD flexible symbols: Symbols designated as flexible by parameters such as tdd-UL-DL-ConfigurationCommon / tdd-UL-DL-ConfigurationDedicated, with SBFD subbands configured.

[0035] <CLI> In wireless communication systems, interference can occur between different links (CLI: Cross-Link Interference). For example, the radio link of one cell / base station may interfere with the radio link of another cell / base station.

[0036] In SBFD symbols / slots, for example, at one base station (e.g., gNB#1), a UL signal transmitted from a terminal within the service area of ​​gNB#1 may be interfered with by a DL signal transmitted from another base station (e.g., gNB#2) (gNB-to-gNB CLI).

[0037] <WID's Goals for the Rel19 Evolution of NR Duplex Operations> Enhancements for CLI handling have been updated in RAN#104. - UL resource muting for PUSCH, including [RAN1, RAN2, RAN4]. - Instruction / determination of UL resource muting for PUSCH based on quasi-static settings. Assume comb-2 for both DFT-S-OFDM (Discrete Fourier Transform-spread-OFDM) and CP-OFDM (Cyclic Prefix-OFDM) in each assigned PRB, and assume a maximum of two symbols in the time domain.

[0038] Quasi-static settings may include higher-level parameters such as RRC parameters.

[0039] Figure 4 illustrates comb-2. The resource pattern for muting the transmission of the UL signal (hereinafter referred to as the Muting pattern) may include a pattern in the frequency domain (muting pattern). The muting pattern in the frequency domain can be set at the subcarrier level.

[0040] The muting pattern may be a pattern in which p (p is an integer of 1 or more) muting sub-carriers (muting sub-carriers) and q (q is an integer of 1 or more) non-muting (non-muting sub-carriers) are alternately repeated. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the muting pattern may be a pattern (comb-2) in which one muting sub-carrier and one non-muting sub-carrier are alternately repeated. The sub-carrier may be read as a PRB (Physical Resource Block) or a RE (Resource Element).

[0041] In NR, as the UL waveform, either DFT-s-OFDM or CP OFDM is activated by upper layer parameters such as RRC parameters. DFT-s-OFDM generates and transmits an OFDM symbol based on data spread by DFT. In CP OFDM, spreading by DFT is not performed. CP OFDM generates and transmits an OFDM symbol based on data for which spreading by DFT is not performed.

[0042] UL resource muting, UL muting, resource muting, muting, and stopping can be used interchangeably. Data and signals can be used interchangeably. DFT (or DFT-s) and transform precoding can be used interchangeably.

[0043] <RAN1#119 Agreement> At the RAN1#119 meeting, some agreements were made regarding transform precoding in UL resource muting.

[0044] - Agreement 1 When transform precoding (DFT-s-OFDM) is activated for PUSCH, the following two options were agreed to be further considered. - Option 1: For symbols with UL resource muting, the DFT size is changed to the following (1). - Option 2: For symbols with UL resource muting, the DFT size is the following (2).

[0045] For example, in Option 1, if PUSCH (UL) is UL resource muted in comb-2, the DFT size is changed to half the total number of subcarriers of PUSCH. For example, in Option 2, if PUSCH is UL resource muted in comb-2, the DFT size is the total number of subcarriers of PUSCH.

[0046] FFS determines whether either Option 1 or Option 2 needs to be reflected in the RAN1 specification.

[0047] Agreement 2: If a UL resource muting symbol overlaps with a symbol containing a UL DMRS (DMRS: Demodulation Reference Signal) for PUSCH, the DMRS takes precedence. In other words, the terminal does not apply UL resource muting to the symbol.

[0048] Agreement 3: If a UL resource muting symbol overlaps with a symbol containing a PTRS for PUSCH, and transform precoding is not enabled for PUSCH, the terminal will not expect the muted RE to overlap with the RE occupied by the PTRS.

[0049] <PUSCH Transform Precoding> Figure 5 shows an example of a DFT-s-OFDM block configuration. Insert PTRS inserts PTRS (PTRS sequence) into the time-domain data if it is indicated that PTRS should be used. Insert PTRS does not insert PTRS into the time-domain data if it is not indicated that PTRS should be used. Whether or not PTRS should be used may be indicated by higher-layer parameters such as the RRC parameter or lower-layer parameters such as DCI.

[0050] The S / P performs serial-to-parallel conversion of the data output from the Insert PTRS. The M-point DFT applies the M-point DFT to the data output from the S / P. The M-point DFT (transform precoding) is based on the following equation (3) (see, for example, Chapter 6.3.1.4 of Non-Patent Document 3). Subcarrier mapping maps the data output from M-point DFT to subcarriers. N-point IFFT (IFFT: Inverse Fast Fourier Transform) applies N-point IFFT to the data output from subcarrier mapping.

[0051] If PTRS is not to be used, the blocks of complex-valued symbols for a single layer (see, for example, Time domain data in Figure 5) are divided into sets, each set corresponding to one OFDM symbol (see frame A6a in Figure 6). Each set contains the complex-valued symbols listed in (4) below. In other words, if PTRS is not used, the number of complex-valued symbols input to the DFT corresponding to one OFDM symbol is equal to the total number of subcarriers in PUSCH. Alternatively, the number of transform-precoded complex-valued symbols that can be transmitted with one OFDM symbol is equal to the total number of subcarriers in PUSCH.

[0052] When PTRS is instructed to be used, blocks of complex-valued symbols (see, for example, Time domain data in Figure 5) are divided into sets, each set corresponding to one OFDM symbol (see frame A6b in Figure 6). Each set contains the complex-valued symbols listed in (5) below. In other words, when PTRS is used and the OFDM symbol contains one or more PTRS samples, the number of complex-valued symbols input to the DFT is the total number of PUSCH subcarriers minus the number of PTRS samples. When PTRS is used and the OFDM symbol does not contain one or more PTRS samples, the number of complex-valued symbols input to the DFT is the total number of PUSCH subcarriers.

[0053] The complex-valued symbols (blocks of complex-valued symbols) that are divided into sets may be referred to as UL data, PUSCH data, or UL-SCH data. UL data, PUSCH data, and UL-SCH data may not include reference signals but may include user data / control data.

[0054] <Consideration> As explained in the <RAN1#119 Agreement> above, several considerations were made regarding transform precoding in UL resource muting. However, the consideration of transform precoding for PTRS and UL resource muting is insufficient, and terminals may not function properly.

[0055] Therefore, this disclosure provides a technique for transform precoding relating to PTRS and UL resource muting.

[0056] As explained in the above <RAN1#119 Agreement>, it was agreed that two options would be considered for UL muting in PUSCH to which transform precoding is applied: Option 1: For symbols with UL resource muting, the DFT size is changed to (1) above. Option 2: For symbols with UL resource muting, the DFT size is (2) above.

[0057] For option 1, the PUSCH data may be rate-matched on an unmuted RE. For example, as shown in Figure 7, the DFT size is set to half the total number of subcarriers in PUSCH and rate-matched.

[0058] For option 2, puncturing may be applied to the muting RE. For example, as shown in Figure 8, the DFT size is set to the total number of subcarriers in PUSCH and puncturing is performed.

[0059] Since rate matching can be applied to PUSCH UL muting without transform precoding, option 1 is preferred from the standpoint of uniformity principles. For example, considering that CP-OFDM without transform precoding is also enabled, option 1, in which rate matching can be applied in UL muting, is preferred. In other words, it is preferable that the size of the transform precoding is adjusted for rate matching.

[0060] <Proposal 1> Proposal 1 describes transform precoding when PTRS is not used.

[0061] If PTRS is not used, the block of complex-valued symbols shown in (6) below for single layer "λ=0" is divided into the sets shown in (7) below. Each set corresponds to one OFDM symbol and can be transmitted with one OFDM symbol.

[0062] Set l contains the complex numerical symbols of the numbers listed in (8) below.

[0063] In other words, if PTRS is not used, the number of transform-precoded (input into the DFT) complex-valued symbols corresponding to a single OFDM symbol can vary depending on the presence (and number) of muting REs.

[0064] For example, if the use of PTRS is not instructed and OFDM symbol l has muting RE (ρ l(ρ = 1), the number of complex-valued symbols that are transformed and precoded is the total number of subcarriers in PUSCH minus half the total number of subcarriers in PUSCH. If the use of PTRS is not instructed and OFDM symbol l does not have muting RE (ρ l (=0), the number of complex-valued symbols that are transformed and precoded is equal to the total number of subcarriers in PUSCH.

[0065] If OFDM symbol l has muting RE (ρ l =1), the following formula (9) is applied as transform precoding. If OFDM symbol l does not have muting RE (ρ l (=0), the above formula (3) is applied as transform precoding.

[0066] In equation (9), the total number of PUSCH subcarriers included in equation (3) is halved (1 / 2).

[0067] <Proposal 1: Summary> As explained above, if PTRS is not used, the terminal will be transform precoded and determine the number of complex numerical symbols transmitted in a single symbol based on the number of muting REs. This clarifies the transform precoding for PTRS and UL resource muting, allowing the terminal to function properly. It also minimizes the impact on the specification.

[0068] <Proposal 2> Proposal 2 describes transform precoding when PTRS is used. Proposal 2 provides the following options 1 to 4 technologies.

[0069] <Proposal 2: Option 1> The terminal does not expect the muted RE to overlap with the RE occupied by PTRS.

[0070] For example, if the use of PTRS is instructed and UL muting is instructed, the terminal does not expect the muted RE to overlap with the RE occupied by PTRS. In other words, if the use of PTRS is instructed and the DFT size (number of complex numerical symbols per set) is set to half the total number of subcarriers in PUSCH (Option 1 of <RAN1#119 Agreement>), the terminal does not expect the muted RE to overlap with the RE occupied by PTRS.

[0071] Option 1 has no impact on transform precoding. However, scheduling is restricted to prevent overlap between PTRS and muting resources.

[0072] <Proposal 2: Option 2> UL muting is not applied to REs with PTRS.

[0073] When PTRS is used, the block of complex-valued symbols shown in (10) below for single layer "λ=0" is divided into the sets shown in (11) below. Each set corresponds to one OFDM symbol and can be transmitted with one OFDM symbol.

[0074] Set l contains the complex numerical symbols of the following (12) numbers.

[0075] In other words, the number of transform-precoded complex-valued symbols corresponding to a single OFDM symbol can vary depending on the number of PTRS samples and the number of muting REs.

[0076] For example, if PTRS is instructed to be used and UL muting is instructed, the number of complex-valued symbols to be transformed and precoded will be the total number of subcarriers in PUSCH minus the number of PTRS samples and the number of muting REs. If PTRS is instructed to be used but UL muting is not instructed, the number of complex-valued symbols to be transformed and precoded will be the total number of subcarriers in PUSCH minus the number of PTRS samples.

[0077] In Option 2, UL muting is not applied to REs that have PTRS. Therefore, if UL muting is indicated, the number of complex-valued symbols that are transformed and precoded depends on the number of muting REs on symbol l. Thus, Option 2 is the most complex of the four options in Proposal 2.

[0078] <Proposal 2: Option 3> UL muting is not applied to symbols containing one or more PTRS samples.

[0079] When PTRS is used, the block of complex-valued symbols shown in (13) below for single layer "λ=0" is divided into the sets shown in (14) below. Each set corresponds to one OFDM symbol and can be transmitted with one OFDM symbol.

[0080] Set l contains the complex numerical symbols of the numbers listed below (15).

[0081] In other words, if one OFDM symbol does not contain a PTRS sample (ε l (ρ = 0), UL muting is applied (ρ l If (ε = 1), the number of complex-valued symbols that are transformed and precoded will be half the total number of subcarriers in PUSCH. If one OFDM symbol contains PTRS samples (ε l (ρ = 1), UL muting is not applied (ρ l(=0), the number of complex-valued symbols that are transformed and precoded is the total number of PUSCH subcarriers minus the number of PTRS samples.

[0082] Option 3 is similar to the DMRS solution described in Agreement 2 of the above <RAN1#119 Agreement>, and its impact on the specification is not complex.

[0083] <Proposal 2: Option 4> When PTRS is transmitted, UL muting is not applied to PUSCH using DFT-s-OFDM. In other words, when DFT-s-OFDM is enabled and PTRS is transmitted, UL muting is not performed.

[0084] Option 4 imposes restrictions on the application of UL muting. Option 4 reduces the opportunities for UL muting to be applied.

[0085] <Proposal 2: Summary> As explained above, when PTRS is used, the technologies of options 1 to 4 above are provided. This clarifies the transform precoding regarding PTRS and UL resource muting, allowing the terminal to function properly. In addition, it has little impact on the specification.

[0086] <UE capability> The UE capability, which indicates the capabilities of a terminal, may include the following information indicating the capabilities of the terminal. For example, the following new UE capability and report signaling (and RRC settings) may be defined. Note that the information indicating the capabilities of a terminal may correspond to the information defining the capabilities of the terminal. The UE may report the following information indicating the capabilities of the terminal to the gNB: - The capabilities of the terminal for each proposal - The capabilities of each option in each proposal, or each combination of options - The capabilities of each alternative in each proposal, or each combination of alternatives The UE may report the above information indicating the capabilities of the terminal for each frequency to the gNB: - Capabilities for each UE / FR1 / FR2 / FR2-1 / FR2-2 / FR3 / SCS / band / BC / FC / FSPC, etc. The UE may report the above information indicating the capabilities of the terminal for each cell to the gNB: - Capabilities for each UE / cell / TDD / FDD, etc.

[0087] <Notes> <Note 1: Combinations with Options> In each proposal of this disclosure, which proposal applies, or which option or alternative is used, may be determined by: - ​​Setting by higher-level parameters - Determining by relevant higher-level parameters - Indicated in MAC CE or DCI - Determining based on UE capabilities - Stated in the specification - Determining based on conditions stated in the specification - Determining by the higher-level parameters / MAC CE / DCI configuration and reported UE capabilities (combinations of the above determinations)

[0088] In each proposal of this disclosure, multiple options and alternatives may be combined into a single option / alternative. Throughout the proposals, the measured RS (reference signal) will be the QCL source RS in the active TCI state / indicated TCI state.

[0089] <Note 2: Signals from NW to UE> In this disclosure, the UE may receive the following types of information from the network (NW). Throughout the proposal, the network (NW) may also be referred to as a gNB. - Information via upper layer signaling (e.g., RRC messages / LPP (LTE propositioning protocol) messages) - MAC CE subheader with a new LCID extending the existing MAC CE (e.g., introducing a new octet) - DCI DCI field: Existing DCI field or newly introduced DCI field RNTI: Existing RNTI or DCI with a scrambled CRC by the newly introduced RNTI DCI format: Existing DCI format or newly introduced DCI format

[0090] <Note 3: Signal from NW to UE> - Combination of the above information

[0091] In this disclosure, the UE may receive information from the network (NW) in the following periodic forms: Option 1: Receive information periodically; Option 2: Receive information semi-persistently (triggered by instructions from the UE or gNB); Option 3: Receive information aperiodically (triggered by instructions from the UE or gNB).

[0092] In this disclosure, the UE may receive information from the network (NW) as the following QCL rules: • QCL Type A • QCL Type B • QCL Type C • QCL Type D

[0093] In this disclosure, the QCL resource RS for each QCL type may be configured as follows: • SSB (SS / PBCH Block) • CSI-RS with / without repetition • TRS (tracking reference signal) • PDCCH / PDSCH DMRS

[0094] In this disclosure, information from the network (NW) is set / presented as follows: • Common to UE / Dedicated to UE • Cell-specific / Common to cell • Per UE / CC / BWP / Bandwidth / Cell / CG

[0095] <Note 4: Signals from UE to NW> In this disclosure, the UE may report the following types of information to the network (NW). Throughout the proposal, the network (NW) may be referred to as gNB. - Information via upper layer signaling (e.g., RRC messages / LPP messages) - MAC CE subheader with a new LCID, extending an existing MAC CE (e.g., introduction of a new octet) - UCI on PUCCH or PUSCH - Combinations of the above information

[0096] In this disclosure, the UE may report information to the network (NW) in the following periodic forms: Option 1: Send information periodically Option 2: Send information semi-persistently (triggered by instructions from the UE or gNB) Option 3: Send information aperiodically (triggered by instructions from the UE or gNB)

[0097] <Base Station Configuration> Figure 9 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a base station 100 according to this embodiment. The base station 100 includes, for example, a transmitting unit 101, a receiving unit 102, and a control unit 103. The base station 100 communicates with a terminal 200 (see Figure 10) wirelessly.

[0098] The transmitting unit 101 transmits downlink (DL) signals to the terminal 200. For example, the transmitting unit 101 transmits DL signals (e.g., RRC, SIB, MAC CE, DCI, notification, confirmation, etc. as described above) under the control of the control unit 103.

[0099] The DL signal may include, for example, data signals for the downlink and control information (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI)). The DL signal may also include information indicating the scheduling of signal transmission by terminal 200 (e.g., UL grant). Furthermore, the DL signal may include control information from higher layers (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) control information). Finally, the DL signal may include a reference signal.

[0100] The channels used to transmit DL signals include, for example, a downlink data channel and a downlink control channel. For example, the downlink data channel may include a PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel), and the downlink control channel may include a PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel). For example, base station 100 transmits downlink control information to terminal 200 using the PDCCH and transmits downlink data signals using the PDSCH.

[0101] The reference signals included in the DL signal may include, for example, at least one of the following: Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), Phase Tracking Reference Signal (PTRS), Channel State Information-Reference Signal (CSI-RS), Sounding Reference Signal (SRS), and Positioning Reference Signal (PRS). For example, reference signals such as DMRS and PTRS are used for demodulating the downlink data signal and are transmitted using PDSCH.

[0102] The receiving unit 102 receives uplink (UL) signals transmitted from the terminal 200. For example, the receiving unit 102 receives UL signals (e.g., the requests and notifications mentioned above) under the control of the control unit 103.

[0103] The control unit 103 controls the communication operations of the base station 100, including the transmission process of the transmission unit 101 and the reception process of the reception unit 102. For example, the control unit 103 performs operations other than the transmission and reception described in the above embodiment (these operations may be performed by the reception unit 102 and / or the transmission unit 101).

[0104] For example, the control unit 103 acquires information such as data and control information from the upper layer and outputs it to the transmission unit 101. The control unit 103 also outputs the data and control information received from the receiving unit 102 to the upper layer.

[0105] For example, the control unit 103 allocates resources (or channels) used for transmitting and receiving DL signals and / or resources used for transmitting and receiving UL signals based on signals received from the terminal 200 (e.g., data and control information, etc.) and / or data and control information, etc. acquired from higher layers. Information regarding the allocated resources may be included in the control information transmitted to the terminal 200.

[0106] The control unit 103 sets the PUCCH resource as an example of resource allocation for sending and receiving UL signals. Information regarding PUCCH settings, such as the PUCCH cell timing pattern (PUCCH setting information), may be notified to the terminal 200 by RRC.

[0107] The transmitter 101 may transmit information regarding the use of a reference signal to suppress phase fluctuations in the upchannel. The upchannel may be PUSCH. The reference signal may be PTRS.

[0108] The control unit 103 may assume that if the information transmitted by the transmission unit 101 indicates the non-use of a reference signal, it will be transformed and precoded, and the number of uplink data transmitted in a single symbol will be determined based on the number of resource elements that are muted. The symbols may be OFDM symbols or symbols that constitute a slot (time-domain symbols). The uplink data may be complex-valued symbols. The number of uplink data may be as described in (8) above.

[0109] The control unit 103 may schedule the resource elements to be muted so as not to overlap with resource elements occupied by the reference signal when the information transmitted by the transmission unit 101 indicates the use of the reference signal.

[0110] The control unit 103 may assume that, if the information transmitted by the transmission unit 101 indicates the use of a reference signal, muting has not been applied to the resource element having the reference signal.

[0111] The control unit 103 may assume that, when the information transmitted by the transmission unit 101 indicates the use of a reference signal, muting has not been applied to a symbol that includes one or more reference signals.

[0112] The control unit 103 may assume that muting is not applied to the uplink channel using DFT-s-OFDM when the information transmitted by the transmission unit 101 indicates the use of a reference signal.

[0113] <Terminal Configuration> Figure 10 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a terminal 200 according to this embodiment. The terminal 200 includes, for example, a receiving unit 201, a transmitting unit 202, and a control unit 203. The terminal 200 communicates with, for example, a base station 100 wirelessly.

[0114] The terminal 200 includes, for example, a receiving unit 201, a transmitting unit 202, and a control unit 203. The terminal 200 communicates with, for example, a base station 100 wirelessly.

[0115] The receiving unit 201 receives DL signals transmitted from the base station 100. For example, the receiving unit 201 receives DL signals under the control of the control unit 203.

[0116] The transmitting unit 202 transmits the UL signal to the base station 100. For example, the transmitting unit 202 transmits the UL signal under the control of the control unit 203.

[0117] The UL signal may include, for example, data signals for the uplink and control information (e.g., UCI). It may also include, for example, information regarding the processing capability of terminal 200 (e.g., UE capability). Furthermore, the UL signal may include reference signals.

[0118] The channels used to transmit UL signals include, for example, a data channel and a control channel. For example, the data channel includes PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel), and the control channel includes PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel). For example, terminal 200 receives control information from base station 100 using PUCCH and transmits uplink data signals using PUSCH.

[0119] The reference signals included in the UL signal may include, for example, at least one of DMRS, PTRS, CSI-RS, SRS, and PRS. For example, reference signals such as DMRS and PTRS are used for demodulating the uplink data signal and are transmitted using an uplink channel (e.g., PUSCH).

[0120] The control unit 203 controls the communication operation of the terminal 200, including the receiving process in the receiving unit 201 and the transmission process in the transmitting unit 202.

[0121] For example, the control unit 203 acquires information such as data and control information from the upper layer and outputs it to the transmission unit 202. The control unit 203 also outputs data and control information received from the receiving unit 201 to the upper layer.

[0122] For example, the control unit 203 controls the transmission of information to be fed back to the base station 100. The information to be fed back to the base station 100 may include, for example, a HARQ-ACK, Channel State Information (CSI), or a Scheduling Request (SR). The information to be fed back to the base station 100 may be included in the UCI. The UCI is transmitted using the PUCCH resource.

[0123] The control unit 203 sets up PUCCH resources based on the configuration information received from the base station 100 (for example, configuration information such as the PUCCH cell timing pattern notified by RRC and / or DCI). The control unit 203 determines the PUCCH resource to be used to transmit the information to be fed back to the base station 100. The transmission unit 202 transmits the information to be fed back to the base station 100 using the PUCCH resource determined by the control unit 203, under the control of the control unit 203.

[0124] The channels used for transmitting DL signals and UL signals are not limited to the examples described above. For example, the channels used for transmitting DL signals and UL signals may include RACH (Random Access Channel) and PBCH (Physical Broadcast Channel). RACH may be used, for example, to transmit Downlink Control Information (DCI) including a Random Access Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RA-RNTI).

[0125] The receiver 201 may receive information regarding the use of a reference signal to suppress phase fluctuations in the upchannel. The upchannel may be PUSCH. The reference signal may be PTRS.

[0126] If the information received by the receiving unit 201 indicates that a reference signal is not being used, the control unit 203 may determine the number of uplink data to be transformed precoded and transmitted in a single symbol based on the number of resource elements to be muted. The symbol may be an OFDM symbol or a symbol constituting a slot (a time-domain symbol). The uplink data may be a complex numerical symbol. The number of uplink data may be as described in (8) above.

[0127] The control unit 203 does not need to assume that the resource element to be muted will overlap with the resource element occupied by the reference signal if the information received by the receiving unit 201 indicates the use of the reference signal.

[0128] The control unit 203 may decide not to apply mute to the resource element having a reference signal if the information received by the receiving unit 201 indicates the use of the reference signal. For example, the control unit 203 may decide to perform uplink transmission (PUSCH transmission) on the resource element having a reference signal.

[0129] The control unit 203 may decide not to apply mute to a symbol containing one or more reference signals if the information received by the receiving unit 201 indicates the use of reference signals. For example, the control unit 203 may decide to transmit uplink to a symbol containing one or more reference signals.

[0130] The control unit 203 may decide not to apply mute to the uplink channel using DFT-s-OFDM if the information received by the receiving unit 201 indicates the use of a reference signal. For example, the control unit 203 may decide to transmit uplink on the uplink channel using DFT-s-OFDM.

[0131] This concludes the explanation of this disclosure. The division of items in the above explanation is not essential to this disclosure, and matters described in two or more items may be combined as needed, and matters described in one item may be applied to matters described in another item (as long as they do not contradict each other).

[0132] <Hardware Configuration> The block diagram used in the description of the above embodiment shows functional units. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, the method of realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using one device that is physically or logically coupled, or it may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are directly or indirectly connected (for example, using wired or wireless connections). A functional block may also be realized by combining the above one device or the above multiple devices with software.

[0133] Functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, decision, determination, calculation, calculation, processing, derivation, investigation, exploration, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, assumption, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating (mapping), and assigning. For example, a functional block (configuration part) that enables transmission is called a transmitting unit or transmitter. In all cases, as mentioned above, the method of implementation is not particularly limited.

[0134] For example, a base station, terminal, etc. in one embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer that processes the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Figure 11 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of a base station 100 and a terminal 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The above-mentioned base station 100 and terminal 200 may be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, memory 1002, storage 1003, communication device 1004, input device 1005, output device 1006, bus 1007, etc.

[0135] In the following explanation, the term "device" can be replaced with "circuit," "device," "unit," etc. The hardware configuration of the base station 100 and terminal 200 may include one or more of the devices shown in the figure, or it may be configured without some of the devices.

[0136] Each function in the base station 100 and terminal 200 is realized by loading predetermined software (programs) onto hardware such as the processor 1001 and memory 1002, which allows the processor 1001 to perform calculations, control communication by the communication device 1004, and control at least one of data reading and writing in the memory 1002 and storage 1003.

[0137] The processor 1001 controls the entire computer, for example, by running an operating system. The processor 1001 may be composed of a central processing unit (CPU) that includes interfaces with peripheral devices, control devices, arithmetic units, registers, etc. For example, the control unit 103 and control unit 203 described above may be implemented by the processor 1001.

[0138] Furthermore, the processor 1001 reads programs (program code), software modules, data, etc., from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002 and executes various processes accordingly. The program used is one that causes the computer to execute at least a part of the operations described in the above embodiment. For example, the control unit 203 of the terminal 200 may be implemented by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and running on the processor 1001, and other functional blocks may be implemented similarly. The above-described various processes have been explained as being executed by one processor 1001, but they may be executed simultaneously or sequentially by two or more processors 1001. The processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips. The program may also be transmitted from the network via a telecommunications line.

[0139] The memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may consist of at least one of the following: ROM (Read Only Memory), EPROM (Erasable Programmable ROM), EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM), RAM (Random Access Memory), etc. The memory 1002 may also be called a register, cache, main memory, etc. The memory 1002 can store executable programs (program code), software modules, etc., for carrying out a wireless communication method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0140] The storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium and may consist of at least one of the following: an optical disc such as a CD-ROM (Compact Disc ROM), a hard disk drive, a flexible disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disc, a digital multipurpose disc, a Blu-ray® disc), a smart card, flash memory (e.g., a card, a stick, a key drive), a floppy® disk, a magnetic strip, etc. The storage 1003 may also be called an auxiliary storage device. The above-mentioned storage medium may be, for example, a database, server, or other suitable medium including at least one of the memory 1002 and the storage 1003.

[0141] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmitting / receiving device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as a network device, network controller, network card, communication module, etc. The communication device 1004 may be configured to include a high-frequency switch, duplexer, filter, frequency synthesizer, etc., in order to implement at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). For example, the above-mentioned transmitting unit 101, receiving unit 102, receiving unit 201, and transmitting unit 202 may be implemented by the communication device 1004.

[0142] The input device 1005 is an input device that accepts input from an external source (e.g., a keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, etc.). The output device 1006 is an output device that outputs to an external source (e.g., a display, speaker, LED lamp, etc.). The input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be configured as an integrated unit (e.g., a touch panel).

[0143] Furthermore, each device, such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or different buses may be configured for each device.

[0144] Furthermore, the base station 100 and terminal 200 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), a PLD (Programmable Logic Device), and an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), and some or all of each functional block may be realized by such hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these hardware components.

[0145] <Notification of Information, Signaling> Notification of information is not limited to the embodiments described herein and may be carried out by other means. For example, notification of information may be carried out by physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI (Downlink Control Information), UCI (Uplink Control Information)), upper layer signaling (e.g., RRC (Radio Resource Control) signaling, MAC (Medium Access Control) signaling, broadcast information (MIB (Master Information Block), SIB (System Information Block))), other signals, or combinations thereof. RRC signaling may also be called RRC messages, and may be, for example, RRC Connection Setup messages, RRC Connection Reconfiguration messages, etc.

[0146] <Applicable Systems> Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure is LTE (Long Term Evolution), LTE-A (LTE-Advanced), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4G (4th generation mobile communication system), 5G (5th generation mobile communication system), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG) (xG (where x is, for example, an integer or decimal)), FRA (Future Radio Access), NR (new Radio), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), W-CDMA (registered trademark), GSM (registered trademark), CDMA2000, UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20 may apply to at least one system utilizing UWB (Ultra-WideBand), Bluetooth®, or other appropriate systems, and to next-generation systems extended, modified, created, or defined based thereon. Alternatively, multiple systems may be applied in combination (e.g., a combination of at least one of LTE and LTE-A with 5G).

[0147] <Processing Procedures, etc.> The processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc., of each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be rearranged in order, as long as there is no contradiction. For example, the methods described in this disclosure present various step elements using exemplary order and are not limited to the specific order presented.

[0148] <Base Station Operation> The specific operations described in this disclosure as being performed by a base station may, in some cases, be performed by its upper node. In a network consisting of one or more network nodes having a base station, it is clear that various operations performed for communication with a terminal can be performed by the base station and at least one other network node (for example, an MME or S-GW, but not limited to these). The above example illustrates the case where there is one other network node besides the base station, but it may also be a combination of multiple other network nodes (for example, an MME and an S-GW).

[0149] <Direction of Input / Output> Information, etc. (see the section on <Information, Signals>) can be output from a higher layer (or lower layer) to a lower layer (or higher layer). Input and output may also occur via multiple network nodes.

[0150] <Handling of Input / Output Information, etc.> Input and output information, etc. may be stored in a specific location (e.g., memory) or managed using a management table. Input and output information, etc. may be overwritten, updated, or appended to. Output information, etc. may be deleted. Input information, etc. may be transmitted to other devices.

[0151] <Determination Method> The determination may be made by a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), by a boolean value (true or false), or by a numerical comparison (for example, a comparison with a predetermined value).

[0152] <Variations of Embodiments, etc.> Each embodiment / appearance described in this disclosure may be used individually, in combination, or switched between during implementation. Furthermore, notification of predetermined information (for example, notification that "it is X") is not limited to explicit notification, but may also be implicit (for example, by not providing notification of the predetermined information).

[0153] Although the present disclosure has been described in detail above, it will be clear to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described herein. The present disclosure can be implemented in modified and altered forms without departing from the intent and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the claims. Therefore, the descriptions in the present disclosure are illustrative and not intended to be restrictive in any way.

[0154] <Software> Software should be broadly interpreted to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, execution threads, procedures, functions, etc., whether they are called software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description languages, or by any other name.

[0155] Furthermore, software, instructions, information, etc., may be transmitted and received via a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using at least one of wired technology (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, or digital subscriber line (DSL)) and wireless technology (such as infrared or microwave), then at least one of these wired and wireless technologies is included in the definition of a transmission medium.

[0156] <Information, Signals> The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of the various different techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc., which may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0157] In addition, terms used in this disclosure and terms necessary for understanding this disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, at least one of the channel and symbol may be a signal (signaling). Also, a signal may be a message. Furthermore, a component carrier (CC) may be called a carrier frequency, cell, frequency carrier, etc.

[0158] <Systems and Networks> The terms “systems” and “networks” as used in this disclosure are interchangeable.

[0159] <Parameters, Channel Names> Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc. described in this disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, relative values ​​from a predetermined value, or other corresponding information. For example, wireless resources may be indicated by an index.

[0160] The names used for the parameters described above are not restrictive in any way. Furthermore, the formulas and other expressions using these parameters may differ from those expressly disclosed in this disclosure. Various channels (e.g., PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements can be identified by any suitable name, and therefore, the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not restrictive in any way.

[0161] <Base Station> In this disclosure, terms such as "Base Station (BS)", "wireless base station", "fixed station", "NodeB", "eNodeB (eNB)", "gNodeB (gNB)", "access point", "transmission point", "reception point", "transmission / reception point", "cell", "sector", "cell group", "carrier", and "component carrier" may be used interchangeably. Base stations may also be referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, and picocell.

[0162] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells. If a base station accommodates multiple cells, the entire coverage area of ​​the base station can be divided into multiple smaller areas, each of which may also be provided with communication services by a base station subsystem (e.g., a Remote Radio Head (RRH)). The terms “cell” or “sector” refer to part or all of the coverage area of ​​at least one of the base station and / or base station subsystems that provide communication services in that coverage.

[0163] In this disclosure, the transmission of information by a base station to a terminal may be interpreted as the base station instructing the terminal to perform control or operation based on the information.

[0164] <Mobile Station> In this disclosure, terms such as "Mobile Station (MS)", "user terminal", "User Equipment (UE)", and "terminal" may be used interchangeably.

[0165] A mobile station may also be referred to by those skilled in the art as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or several other appropriate terms.

[0166] <Base Station / Mobile Station> At least one of a base station and a mobile station may be called a transmitting device, a receiving device, a communication device, etc. At least one of a base station and a mobile station may be a device mounted on a mobile body, the mobile body itself, etc. The mobile body refers to a movable object, and its speed of movement is arbitrary. This also includes cases where the mobile body is stationary. The mobile body includes, but is not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcarts, rickshaws, ships and other watercraft, airplanes, rockets, satellites, drones (registered trademark), multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and items mounted on them. The mobile body may also be a mobile body that moves autonomously based on operation commands. It may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), an unmanned mobile body (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). Furthermore, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may include devices that do not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an IoT (Internet of Things) device such as a sensor.

[0167] Furthermore, the term "base station" in this disclosure may be interpreted as "terminal." For example, the various aspects / embodiments of this disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a terminal is replaced with communication between multiple terminals (which may be called, for example, D2D (Device-to-Device), V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything), etc.). In this case, the terminal 200 may have the functions that the base station 100 has. Also, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be interpreted as terms corresponding to terminal-to-terminal communication (for example, "side"). For example, uplink channel, downlink channel, etc., may be interpreted as side channel.

[0168] Similarly, the term "terminal" in this disclosure may be replaced with "base station." In this case, the base station 100 may be configured to have the same functions as the terminal 200 described above.

[0169] Figure 12 shows an example of the configuration of vehicle 2001. As shown in Figure 12, vehicle 2001 includes a drive unit 2002, a steering unit 2003, an accelerator pedal 2004, a brake pedal 2005, a shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, an axle 2009, an electronic control unit 2010, various sensors 2021 to 2029, an information service unit 2012, and a communication module 2013. Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be applied to a communication device mounted on vehicle 2001, for example, to the communication module 2013.

[0170] The drive unit 2002 consists of, for example, an engine, a motor, or a hybrid of an engine and a motor. The steering unit 2003 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels and the rear wheels based on the operation of the steering wheel, which is operated by the user.

[0171] The electronic control unit 2010 consists of a microprocessor 2031, memory (ROM, RAM) 2032, and communication ports (IO ports) 2033. Signals from various sensors 2021 to 2029 installed in the vehicle 2001 are input to the electronic control unit 2010. The electronic control unit 2010 may also be called an ECU (Electronic Control Unit).

[0172] Signals from various sensors 2021 to 2029 include current signals from current sensor 2021 for sensing motor current, front and rear wheel rotation speed signals acquired by rotation speed sensor 2022, front and rear wheel air pressure signals acquired by air pressure sensor 2023, vehicle speed signals acquired by vehicle speed sensor 2024, acceleration signals acquired by acceleration sensor 2025, accelerator pedal depression signals acquired by accelerator pedal sensor 2029, brake pedal depression signals acquired by brake pedal sensor 2026, shift lever operation signals acquired by shift lever sensor 2027, and detection signals acquired by object detection sensor 2028 for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc.

[0173] The Information Services Unit 2012 consists of various devices for providing (outputting) various types of information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, including a car navigation system, audio system, speakers, television, and radio, and one or more ECUs that control these devices. The Information Services Unit 2012 uses information acquired from external devices via a communication module 2013, etc., to provide various multimedia information and multimedia services to the occupants of the vehicle 2001.

[0174] The Information Services Unit 2012 may include input devices that accept input from the outside (e.g., keyboards, mice, microphones, switches, buttons, sensors, touch panels, etc.) and output devices that perform output to the outside (e.g., displays, speakers, LED lamps, touch panels, etc.).

[0175] The driver assistance system unit 2030 consists of various devices that provide functions to prevent accidents or reduce the driver's workload, such as millimeter-wave radar, LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), cameras, positioning locators (e.g., GNSS), map information (e.g., high-definition (HD) maps, autonomous vehicle (AV) maps), gyro systems (e.g., IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit), INS (Inertial Navigation System)), AI (Artificial Intelligence) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. The driver assistance system unit 2030 also transmits and receives various information via the communication module 2013 to realize driver assistance functions or autonomous driving functions.

[0176] The communication module 2013 can communicate with the microprocessor 2031 and components of the vehicle 2001 via its communication port. For example, the communication module 2013 sends and receives data via the communication port 2033 between the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, axle 2009, the microprocessor 2031 and memory (ROM, RAM) 2032 in the electronic control unit 2010, and sensors 2021-29 provided in the vehicle 2001.

[0177] The communication module 2013 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 2031 of the electronic control unit 2010 and can communicate with external devices. For example, it can send and receive various types of information with external devices via wireless communication. The communication module 2013 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 2010. The external device may be, for example, a base station or a mobile station.

[0178] The communication module 2013 may transmit at least one of the following to an external device via wireless communication: signals from the various sensors 2021 to 2029 input to the electronic control unit 2010, information obtained based on said signals, and information based on input from an external source (user) obtained via the information service unit 2012. The electronic control unit 2010, the various sensors 2021 to 2029, the information service unit 2012, etc., may also be called input units that accept input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 2013 may include the information based on the above input.

[0179] The communication module 2013 receives various information (traffic information, signal information, inter-vehicle information, etc.) transmitted from an external device and displays it on the information service unit 2012 provided in the vehicle 2001. The information service unit 2012 may also be called an output unit, which outputs information (for example, it outputs information to devices such as displays and speakers based on the PDSCH (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH) received by the communication module 2013).

[0180] Furthermore, the communication module 2013 stores various information received from external devices in a memory 2032 that can be used by the microprocessor 2031. Based on the information stored in the memory 2032, the microprocessor 2031 may control the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, axles 2009, sensors 2021 to 2029, etc., which are provided in the vehicle 2001.

[0181] <Meaning and Interpretation of Terms> As used in this disclosure, the terms “determining” and “determining” may encompass a wide variety of actions. “Determining” may include, for example, judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, search, inquiry (e.g., searching in tables, databases or other data structures), and ascertaining. “Determining” may also include, for example, receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input, output, and accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory). Furthermore, "judgment" and "decision" can include considering something as having "judgmented" or "decided" after resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. In other words, "judgment" and "decision" can include considering something as having "judgmented" or "decided" about some action. Also, "judgment (decision)" can be reinterpreted as "assuming," "expecting," or "considering."

[0182] The terms “connected,” “coupled,” and any variations thereof mean any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are “connected” or “coupled” with each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, “connection” may be reinterpreted as “access.” As used in this disclosure, two elements may be considered to be “connected” or “coupled” with each other using at least one of one or more wires, cables, and printed electrical connections, and, in some non-limiting and non-exclusive examples, electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency domain, microwave domain, and optical (both visible and invisible) domain.

[0183] <Reference Signal> The reference signal can also be abbreviated as RS (Reference Signal), and may be called a pilot or pilot signal depending on the applicable standard.

[0184] <Meaning of "based on"> As used in this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based solely on" unless otherwise specified. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based solely on" and "based at least on".

[0185] <"First", "Second"> Any reference to elements using the designations "first", "second", etc. as used in this disclosure does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient way to distinguish between two or more elements. Accordingly, references to first and second elements do not imply that only two elements may be adopted, or that the first element must precede the second element in any way.

[0186] <Means> The "means" in the configuration of each of the above devices may be replaced with "part," "circuit," "device," etc.

[0187] <Open Format> Where the terms “include,” “including,” and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms are intended to be inclusive, as is the term “comprising.” Furthermore, the term “or” as used in this disclosure is not intended to be exclusive OR.

[0188] <Time units such as TTI, frequency units such as RB, and wireless frame configuration> A wireless frame may consist of one or more frames in the time domain. Each of the one or more frames in the time domain may be called a subframe. A subframe may further consist of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

[0189] Numerology may be communication parameters applied to at least one of the transmission and reception of a signal or channel. Numerology may include, for example, at least one of the following: subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame configuration, specific filtering processes performed by the transceiver in the frequency domain, and specific windowing processes performed by the transceiver in the time domain.

[0190] A slot may consist of one or more symbols in the time domain (such as OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) symbols, SC-FDMA (Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access) symbols, etc.). A slot may also be a time unit based on neurology.

[0191] A slot may include multiple minislots. Each minislot may consist of one or more symbols in the time domain. Minislots may also be called subslots. Minislots may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a minislot may be called a PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a minislot may be called a PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0192] Wireless frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols all represent units of time when transmitting a signal. Different names may be used for each of these terms.

[0193] For example, one subframe may be called a Transmission Time Interval (TTI), multiple consecutive subframes may be called a TTI, or one slot or one minislot may be called a TTI. In other words, at least one of a subframe and a TTI may be a subframe in existing LTE (1 ms), a period shorter than 1 ms (e.g., 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Note that the unit representing the TTI may be called a slot, minislot, etc., instead of a subframe.

[0194] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest time unit for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, the base station schedules each user terminal to allocate wireless resources (such as the frequency bandwidth and transmission power available to each user terminal) in TTI units. However, the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0195] TTI may be a transmission time unit for channel-encoded data packets (transport blocks), code blocks, code words, etc., or it may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. When a TTI is given, the actual time interval (e.g., number of symbols) in which the transport block, code block, code word, etc. are mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

[0196] Furthermore, if one slot or one mini-slot is referred to as a TTI, then one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more mini-slots) may constitute the minimum time unit for scheduling. In addition, the number of slots (number of mini-slots) that constitute this minimum time unit for scheduling may be controlled.

[0197] A TTI with a time length of 1 ms may be called a normal TTI, a long TTI, a normal subframe, a long subframe, a slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a normal TTI may be called a shortened TTI, a short TTI, a partial or fractional TTI, a shortened subframe, a short subframe, a mini slot, a sub slot, a slot, etc.

[0198] Furthermore, long TTIs (e.g., normal TTIs, subframes, etc.) may be interpreted as TTIs with a time length exceeding 1 ms, and short TTIs (e.g., shortened TTIs, etc.) may be interpreted as TTIs with a TTI length less than that of a long TTI but 1 ms or more.

[0199] A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and frequency domain, and in the frequency domain, it may contain one or more consecutive subcarriers. The number of subcarriers in an RB may be the same regardless of the neurology, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers in an RB may be determined based on the neurology.

[0200] Furthermore, the time domain of the RB may contain one or more symbols and may be the length of one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI. One TTI, one subframe, etc., may each consist of one or more resource blocks.

[0201] One or more RBs may also be called a Physical RB (PRB), Sub-Carrier Group (SCG), Resource Element Group (REG), PRB pair, RB pair, etc.

[0202] Furthermore, a resource block may consist of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource area comprising one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0203] A Bandwidth Part (BWP), also known as a partial bandwidth, may represent a subset of consecutive common resource blocks (RBs) for a given neurology in a given carrier. These common RBs may be identified by an index of the RBs relative to a common reference point of the carrier. The PRBs may be defined and numbered within a given BWP.

[0204] A BWP may include a BWP for UL (UL BWP) and a BWP for DL ​​(DL BWP). One or more BWPs may be set within a single carrier for a UE.

[0205] At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE does not need to assume that it will transmit or receive a predetermined signal / channel outside of the active BWP. In this disclosure, terms such as "cell" and "carrier" may be read as "BWP".

[0206] The structures described above, such as wireless frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols, are merely illustrative. For example, the number of subframes included in a wireless frame, the number of slots per subframe or wireless frame, the number of minislots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, and the number of symbols, symbol length, and cyclic prefix (CP) length within a TTI can be varied in various ways.

[0207] <Maximum Transmit Power> The term "maximum transmit power" as used in this disclosure may mean the maximum value of the transmit power, the nominal UE maximum transmit power, or the rated UE maximum transmit power.

[0208] <Articles> In this disclosure, if articles are added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, this disclosure may also include the fact that the noun following these articles is plural.

[0209] <"Different"> In this disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "combine" may be interpreted similarly to "different."

[0210] This patent application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2025-015345, filed on 31 January 2025, and the entire contents of Japanese Patent Application No. 2025-015345 are incorporated herein by reference.

[0211] One aspect of this disclosure is useful for wireless communication systems.

[0212] 10 Wireless communication system 20 NG-RAN 100 Base station (gNB) 200 Terminal (UE) 101, 202 Transmitting unit 102, 201 Receiving unit 103, 203 Control unit

Claims

1. A terminal having a receiving signal that receives information regarding the use of a reference signal to suppress phase fluctuations in the upchannel, and a control unit that, if the information indicates that the reference signal is not being used, determines the number of upchannel data to be transformed precoded and transmitted in a single symbol based on the number of resource elements to be muted.

2. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the control unit does not assume that the resource element to be muted overlaps with the resource element occupied by the reference signal when the information indicates the use of the reference signal.

3. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the control unit determines not to apply mute to the resource element having the reference signal if the information indicates the use of the reference signal.

4. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the control unit determines not to apply mute to the symbol containing one or more of the reference signals when the information indicates the use of the reference signals.

5. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the control unit determines not to apply mute to the upchannel using Discrete Fourier Transform spread Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) when the information indicates the use of the reference signal.

6. A communication method in which a terminal receives information regarding the use of a reference signal to suppress phase fluctuations in the upchannel, and if the information indicates that the reference signal is not being used, the terminal transforms and precodes the number of upchannel data to be transmitted in a single symbol, determining the number of resource elements to be muted.

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