Filter system for the purification of combustion gas

Abstract

The invention relates to a filter system (1) intended to allow the purification of chemical compounds and fine smoke particles in combustion gases. The novelty of the invention is characterized in that it comprises a sedimentation filter (20) having at least one sedimentation block (21) in order to ensure the precipitation of the particles in the combustion gas under the effect of gravity and the retention of these particles; a liquid filter (30), following the said sedimentation filter (20), comprising at least one liquid block (31) in which liquid can be positioned in order to allow the combustion gas to contact the liquid so that the particles mix with the liquid; a mesh filter (50), following the said liquid filter (30), in order to physically separate the fine smoke particles in the combustion gas; and at least one discharge chimney (60), following the said mesh filter (50), in order to allow the release of the combustion gas, whose filtration processes have been completed, into the atmosphere.

Description

[0001] FILTER SYSTEM FOR THE PURIFICATION OF COMBUSTION GAS TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The invention relates to a filter system intended to allow the purification of chemical compounds and fine smoke particles in combustion gases.

[0003] PRIOR ART

[0004] Combustion gas is composed of gases such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, and volatile organic compounds, which are formed as a result of the reaction of fuels with oxygen through combustion. These gases cause environmental problems such as air pollution, global warming, acid rain, and depletion of the ozone layer, and also lead to health issues such as respiratory tract irritation, asthma, and poisoning. Therefore, reducing the effects of combustion gases is of critical importance for both environmental and human health.

[0005] The filtration of combustion gases is carried out using technologies aimed at reducing the release of harmful gases and particles, which are formed as a result of the combustion of fossil fuels, into the atmosphere. In this process, flue gas treatment systems, particle filters, desulfurization systems, and catalytic converters are generally used. The filtration aims to minimize air pollution and environmental damage by capturing not only pollutants such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur dioxide but also fine particles.

[0006] However, these filter systems have various deficiencies. When the filters are not regularly maintained and cleaned, their efficiency decreases, and especially during long-term use, blockages and wear may occur. In addition, some systems are high-cost and may create applicability issues for small-scale enterprises. In particular, the complete removal of certain gases such as nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds may be technically difficult and expensive. Furthermore, when low-quality filter materials are used, the desired level of purification cannot be achieved, and a portion of the combustion gases escapes into the atmosphere. Such deficiencies lead to both insufficient reduction of environmental impacts and problems regarding the reliability of the filter systems.

[0007] As a result, all the problems mentioned above have made it necessary to introduce an innovation in the relevant technical field.

[0008] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] The present invention relates to a filter system intended to eliminate the disadvantages mentioned above and to bring new advantages to the relevant technical field.

[0010] One objective of the invention is to provide a filter system for better purification of waste substances in combustion gases compared to the prior art.

[0011] In order to achieve all the objectives mentioned above and those that will emerge from the detailed description below, the present invention is a filter system intended to allow the purification of chemical compounds and fine smoke particles in combustion gases. Accordingly, its novelty lies in comprising a sedimentation filter having at least one sedimentation block in order to ensure the precipitation of the particles in the combustion gas under the effect of gravity and the retention of these particles, a liquid filter comprising at least one liquid block in which liquid can be positioned in order to allow the combustion gas, following said sedimentation filter, to contact the liquid so that the particles mix with the liquid, a mesh filter, following said liquid filter, in order to physically separate the fine smoke particles in the combustion gas, and at least one discharge chimney following said mesh filter in order to allow the release of the combustion gas, whose filtration processes have been completed, into the atmosphere.

[0012] A characteristic of a possible embodiment of the invention is that the sedimentation block comprises a helical cooling pipe inside it, allowing it to be cooled in order to precipitate the particles through the cooling effect. Thus, the temperature of thecombustion gases is reduced in a controlled manner, enabling more effective precipitation of the particles and increasing the filtration efficiency.

[0013] A characteristic of another possible embodiment of the invention is that the sedimentation block comprises at least one grid structure at its bottom in order to retain the precipitated particles. Thus, the precipitated particles are separated from the system, the efficiency of the filtration process is maintained, and maintenance operations are facilitated.

[0014] A characteristic of another possible embodiment of the invention is that the liquid block is configured in such a way that the combustion gas enters from the bottom part and rises by contacting the liquid, thereby being purified. Thus, the combustion gases remain in contact with the liquid for a longer period, the harmful compounds contained therein are retained by the liquid and separated, and the purification efficiency of the gas is increased.

[0015] A characteristic of another possible embodiment of the invention is that the mesh filter has a multilayered structure composed of glass fiber, synthetic fabric, activated carbon, and lime powder. Thus, the fine smoke particles remaining in the combustion gas, harmful gaseous compounds, and pollutants are effectively retained through multilayer filtration, and the cleanliness of the gas released into the atmosphere is improved.

[0016] A characteristic of another possible embodiment of the invention is that the liquid block contains at least one of ammonia, urea, and aqueous solutions. Thus, the harmful gas compounds in the combustion gases are chemically absorbed and neutralized, and the environmental impact of the emissions is reduced.

[0017] A characteristic of another possible embodiment of the invention is that the sedimentation filter comprises three sedimentation blocks and at least one connection pipe for transporting the combustion gas between said sedimentation blocks. Thus, the sedimentation process is carried out step by step, allowing more effective separation of the particles and increasing the filtration efficiency.A characteristic of another possible embodiment of the invention is that the liquid filter comprises three liquid blocks and at least one connection pipe for transporting the combustion gas between said liquid blocks. Thus, the combustion gases are purified step by step in the liquid blocks, increasing the efficiency of the cleaning process and optimizing the transfer of harmful compounds into the liquid phase.

[0018] A characteristic of another possible embodiment of the invention is that it comprises at least one transfer pipe between the combustion chamber and the filter system in order to supply the combustion gas from at least one combustion chamber. Thus, the gases generated in the combustion chamber are directed to the filter system in a regular and controlled manner, the gas flow is optimized, and the efficiency of the filtration process is increased.

[0019] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

[0020] Figure 1 shows a representative schematic view of the filter system subject to the invention.

[0021] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0022] In this detailed description, the subject matter of the invention is explained by way of examples that will in no way have any limiting effect and are intended solely to provide a better understanding of the subject.

[0023] Figure 1 shows a representative schematic view of the filter system (1) subject to the invention. Accordingly, the filter system (1) comprises at least one sedimentation filter (20), at least one liquid filter (30), at least one mesh filter (50), and a discharge chimney (60). The filter system (1) enables the combustion gases to be progressively purified and freed from harmful substances through these elements. After the combustion gases exit the combustion chamber (10), they are directed to this system via transfer pipes (11), and at each stage, particles, chemical compounds, and other harmful gases are effectively separated. The filter system (1) aims for maximum efficiency through the combined operation of elements equipped with different mechanisms and physical properties. Thecombustion chamber (10) is connected to the filter system (1) via at least one transfer pipe (11). The said combustion chamber (10) is the section where the combustion process takes place and where the fuel reacts with oxygen to produce energy. This part, which has a structure resistant to high temperatures, enables the gases generated during combustion to be transferred to the filter system (1) via transfer pipes (11). The said transfer pipe (11) is located between the combustion chamber (10) and the filter system (1) and provides the transfer of the combustion gases. This transfer pipe (11) is designed to allow the gas to be raised and lowered to a certain extent. This movement allows the kinetic energy of the gas to decrease and makes it more suitable for the filtration processes. The special design of the transfer pipes (11) contributes to the efficiency of the system by ensuring a regular and balanced gas flow.

[0024] The filter system (1) comprises at least one sedimentation filter (20). The said sedimentation filter (20) consists of a structure that enables the cooling of the combustion gases and the precipitation of the particles under the effect of gravity. The sedimentation filter (20) comprises at least one vertical sedimentation block (21) and one connection pipe (40). This structure allows the gas to be cooled during its flow and enables the separation of dense particles. The sedimentation filter (20) is a critical component for separating large and heavy particles in the gas in order to minimize environmental damage.

[0025] The sedimentation block (21) located in the sedimentation filter (20) is the element that enables the cooling of the combustion gases and the precipitation of the particles under the effect of gravity. On the sedimentation block (21), helical cooling pipes or a double-walled structure can be used in order to reduce the temperature of the gas. Additionally, a grid structure is located on the bottom-facing side of the sedimentation block (21), and this grid retains and separates the precipitated particles. In case the grid is filled, it can be easily removed and replaced with a clean one. Preferably, the sedimentation filter (20) comprises three sedimentation blocks (21). The connection pipe (40) located in the sedimentation filter (20) is a structure that provides gas flow between the sedimentation blocks (21). This connection pipe (40) takes the gas vertically from the upper part of the connected sedimentation block (21) and delivers it to the lower part of the next sedimentationblock (21). This design enables the gas to progress regularly through the filtration stages and allows effective separation within the sedimentation blocks.

[0026] The filter system (1) comprises at least one liquid filter (30). The said liquid filter (30) ensures further purification of the combustion gases passing through the sedimentation filter (20). The liquid filter (30) comprises at least one liquid block (31) and one connection pipe (40). At this stage, the combustion gases are passed through the liquid within the liquid blocks (31) based on a principle similar to that of a hookah, and the harmful substances contained therein are mixed with the liquid and separated. The liquid filter (30) purifies the combustion gas using liquids generally composed of ammonia, urea, and aqueous solutions.

[0027] The liquid filter (30) comprises at least one liquid block (31). The said liquid block (31) is a component that enables the purification of the combustion gases by contacting them with the liquid. The combustion gas enters from the bottom-facing side of the liquid block (31) and rises by contacting the liquid. In this process, the harmful substances in the combustion gas mix with the liquid and are separated, and the purified gas is transferred to the next liquid block (31). The number of liquid blocks (31) is preferably three, and this number ensures effective purification of the gas. The liquid filter (30), like the sedimentation filter (20), also comprises a connection pipe (40). The said connection pipe (40) is a line that provides gas flow between the liquid blocks (31). This structure ensures that the filtration process continues effectively.

[0028] The filter system (1) comprises at least one mesh filter (50). The said mesh filter (50) is located after the liquid filter (30) and ensures that the gas is subjected to a final separation process before discharge. The mesh filter (50) has a multilayered structure made of materials such as glass fiber, synthetic fabric, activated carbon, and lime powder. This mesh filter (50) physically separates the fine smoke particles in the combustion gas and ensures that the combustion gas is completely purified before being discharged. Additionally, the conversion of smoke in the gas into solid form during filtration is also carried out at this stage. The filter system (1) comprises at least one discharge chimney (60). The said discharge chimney (60) enables the combustion gas to be released into the atmosphere after the above-mentionedfiltration processes. This discharge chimney (60) makes it possible for the purified gases to be safely discharged following all filtration stages.

[0029] The filter system (1) is preferably used in an industrial combustion process. For example, the combustion gases generated in a factory chimney are transferred from the combustion chamber (10) to the sedimentation filter (20) via transfer pipes (11). In the sedimentation filter (20), the gas is purified from its particles by the effect of gravity and cooling, and then directed to the liquid filter (30), where it is subjected to chemical separation through a method similar to a hookah within the liquid blocks. The gas exiting the liquid filter (30) enters the mesh filter (50), where it is completely purified from fine particles by materials such as glass fiber and synthetic fabric, and is finally released into the atmosphere through the discharge chimney (60). In this scenario, the filter system (1) ensures that the combustion gases are discharged without harming the environment and without exceeding legal emission limits. The filter system (1) provides significant environmental and economic benefits by enabling the acquisition of smokeless combustion gas. Smokeless combustion gas prevents the release of harmful particles and chemical compounds into the atmosphere, thereby greatly reducing air pollution. The high efficiency of the filter system (1) minimizes energy loss while enabling a clean and safe combustion process.

[0030] The scope of protection of the invention is defined in the claims provided in the annex and shall by no means be limited to the examples described in this detailed description. It is evident that a person skilled in the art may develop similar embodiments in light of the above explanations without departing from the main concept of the invention.REFERENCE NUMBERS GIVEN IN THE DRAWING

[0031] 1 Filter System

[0032] 10 Combustion Chamber

[0033] 11 Transfer Pipe

[0034] 20 Sedimentation Filter

[0035] 21 Sedimentation Block

[0036] 30 Liquid Filter

[0037] 31 Liquid Block

[0038] 40 Connection Pipe

[0039] 50 Mesh Filter

[0040] 60 Discharge Chimney

Claims

CLAIMS1. The invention is a filter system (1) intended to allow the purification of chemical compounds and fine smoke particles in combustion gases, characterized in that it comprises a sedimentation filter (20) having at least one sedimentation block (21) in order to ensure the precipitation of the particles in the combustion gas under the effect of gravity and the retention of these particles, a liquid filter (30) comprising at least one liquid block (31) in which liquid can be positioned in order to allow the combustion gas, following the said sedimentation filter (20), to contact the liquid so that the particles mix with the liquid, a mesh filter (50) following the said liquid filter (30) in order to physically separate the fine smoke particles in the combustion gas, and at least one discharge chimney (60) following the said mesh filter (50) in order to allow the release of the combustion gas, whose filtration processes have been completed, into the atmosphere.

2. Istem The filter system (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the said sedimentation block (21) comprises a helical cooling pipe inside it, allowing it to be cooled in order to precipitate the particles through the cooling effect.

3. Istem The filter system (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the sedimentation block (21) comprises at least one grid structure at its bottom in order to retain the precipitated particles.

4. (stem The filter system (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the said liquid block (31) is configured in such a way that the combustion gas enters from the bottom part, rises by contacting the liquid, and is purified.

5. istem The filter system (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the said mesh filter (50) has a multilayered structure composed of glass fiber, synthetic fabric, activated carbon, and lime powder.

6. istem The filter system (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the liquid block (31) contains at least one of ammonia, urea, and aqueous solutions.

7. Istem The filter system (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the sedimentation filter (20) comprises three sedimentation blocks (21) and at least one connection pipe (40) for transporting the combustion gas between the said sedimentation blocks (21).

8. istem The filter system (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the liquid filter (30) comprises three liquid blocks (31) and at least one connection pipe (40) for transporting the combustion gas between the said liquid blocks (31).

9. istem The filter system (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises at least one transfer pipe (11) between the combustion chamber (10) and the filter system in order to supply the combustion gas from at least one combustion chamber (10).

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