Ring-like elastic belt with improved side seams
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-13
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Figure CN2025075738_13082026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
RING-LIKE ELASTIC BELT WITH IMPROVED SIDE SEAMSFIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to ring-like elastic belts having improved side seams, articles comprising thereof, and methods of making thereof.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Infants and other incontinent individuals wear absorbent articles such as pant to receive and contain urine and other body exudates. Pull-on absorbent articles, or pant-type absorbent articles, are those which are donned by inserting the wearer’s legs into the leg openings and sliding the article up into position about the lower torso. Pant-type absorbent articles have become popular for use on children who are able to walk and often who are toilet training, as well as for younger children who become more active in movement such that application of taped-type absorbent articles tends to be more difficult.
[0003] Belt-type pant having a center chassis to cover the crotch region of the wearer and a separate elastic belt defining the waist opening and leg opening are known in the art, such as described in PCT Publication WO 2006 / 17718A. Such belt-type pant articles have an elastic belt made of a laminate of nonwoven layers and elastic bodies sandwiched therebetween. These elastic belts may be economically made by overlaying and joining two of such laminates to make the front and back belt, then seaming the laminates to make side seams. Recently, various nonwoven materials are used to meet consumer needs, and some material may have lower process tolerance. For example, nonwoven material having favorable lofty tactile sense may have a lower tensile breaking point. When the laminate is made of 2 nonwoven layers, one of the layers may be folded over to avoid having sharp edges at the waist opening or the leg opening, and to cover the edge of the absorbent body. Moreover, some portions of the layers may be folded 2 times to configure a pocket within the elastic belt. Thus, the elastic belt may result in a region having the folded over layers provided in 3-4 layers, while another region provided in 2 layers, giving a variation of caliper and basis weight along the side seam. Still further, the elastic belt may be structured to have an ergonomic fit, thereby having different positioning of elastic bodies coming from the front and back belt. All of the above mentioned non-homogeneity of the side seam may make the side seaming process difficult to control, hence result in side seams which fail upon opening for disposal, for example, trail away from the side seam and into the body of the belt.
[0004] Based on the foregoing, there is a need to provide a ring-like elastic belt for the belt-type pant article which has side seams which tolerate normal usage conditions and maintain high quality appearance, while also being easy to open after use for removal. There is further a need for a reliable high speed method of making side seams for the belt-type pant article over a variety of conditions for making the elastic belt, and in an economical manner.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0005] The present invention is directed to a ring-like elastic belt having a longitudinal direction and a lateral direction comprising:
[0006] a front belt and a back belt, a distal edge, and a proximal edge, each of the front belt and the back belt being an elastic laminate comprising a first substrate layer, a second substrate layer, and a first plurality of elastic bodies joined between the first substrate layer and the second substrate layer, each of the front belt and the back belt further comprising at least one fold over of at least one of the first substrate layer and the second substrate layer, wherein the fold over of the front belt has a longitudinal dimension shorter than the front belt, and the fold over of the back belt has a longitudinal dimension shorter than the back belt,
[0007] a pair of side seams which join the lateral edges of the front belt and the back belt such that the distal edges of the front belt and the back belt are matched, the side seam made by a bond which at least partially melts material of the elastic laminate, wherein the side seam comprises an upper side seam region and a lower side seam region, the side seam comprising a Side Seam Lines of Weakness along at least the region where the side seam is made by 4 substrate layers, wherein the upper side seam region has a Peel Strength of from about 10N / 25.4mm to about 20N / 25.4mm, and the lower side seam region has a Peel Strength of from about 8N / 25.4mm to about 18N / 25.4mm, according to measurements herein.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0008] While the specification concludes with claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which is regarded as forming the present invention, it is believed that the invention will be better understood from the following description which is taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and which like designations are used to designate substantially identical elements, and in which:
[0009] Figure 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a pant article of the present invention.
[0010] Figure 2 is a schematic plan view of one embodiment of a patent article of the present invention with the side seams removed and in a flat uncontracted condition showing the garment facing side.
[0011] Figure 3A is an embodiment of a cross-sectional view of the front belt of the pant of Figure 2 taken along lines 3A-3A, however with different positioning of plurality of first elastic bodies, and the chassis removed.
[0012] Figure 3B is an embodiment of a cross-sectional view of the back belt of the pant of Figure 2 taken along lines 3B-3B, however with different positioning of plurality of first elastic bodies, and the chassis removed.
[0013] Figure 4A is another embodiment of a cross-sectional view of the front belt of a part article of the present invention.
[0014] Figure 4B is another embodiment of a cross-sectional view of the back belt of a pant article of the present invention.
[0015] Figures 5A-5B are schematic plan views of Figure 4B showing the wearer facing surface, however with different positioning of plurality of first elastic bodies, and with the chassis depicted.
[0016] Figure 6 is a schematic side view of a converting apparatus adapted to manufacture a pant.
[0017] Figure 6A is a view of multiple discrete chassis spaced from each other along the machine direction and being connected to the continuous front and back belts, as taken along lines A-Afrom Figure 6.
[0018] Figure 6B is a view of folded continuous articles, as taken along lines B-B from Figure 6.
[0019] Figure 6C is a view of two discrete pant articles, as taken along lines C-C from Figure 6.
[0020] Figure 7 is a schematic side view of a cutting apparatus adapted to form lines of weakness in an elastic laminate.
[0021] Figure 8 is a view of the cutting apparatus of Figure 7 taken along lines 8-8.
[0022] Figure 9A is a side view of an elastic laminate after side seaming operations.
[0023] Figure 9B is an expanded schematic view of a Side Seam Lines of Weakness after final knife cutting.
[0024] Figure 9C is an expanded schematic view of a Fold Over Lines of Weakness of Figure 9A.
[0025] DEFINITIONS
[0026] As used herein, the following terms shall have the meaning specified thereafter:
[0027] “Wearable article" refers to articles of wear which may be in the form of pant, taped pant, incontinent briefs, feminine hygiene garments, and the like. The “wearable article” may be so configured to also absorb and contain various exudates such as urine, feces, and menses discharged from the body. The “wearable article” may serve as an outer cover adaptable to be joined with a separable disposable absorbent insert for providing absorbent and containment function, such as those disclosed in PCT publication WO 2011 / 087503A.
[0028] “Pant” refers to wearable articles having a pre-formed waist and leg openings. A pant may be donned by inserting a wearer's legs into the leg openings and sliding the pant into position about the wearer's lower torso. Pant are also commonly referred to as “closed pant” , “prefastened pant” , “pull-on pant” , “training pant” and “pant-pant” .
[0029] “Longitudinal” refers to a direction running substantially perpendicular from a waist edge to an opposing waist edge of the article and generally parallel to the maximum linear dimension of the article. “Lateral” refers to a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
[0030] “Wearer-facing” and “garment-facing” refer respectively to the relative location of an element or a surface of an element or group of elements. “Wearer-facing” implies the element or surface is nearer to the wearer during wear than some other element or surface. “Garment-facing” implies the element or surface is more remote from the wearer during wear than some other element or surface (i.e., element or surface is proximate to the wearer’s garments that may be worn over the disposable absorbent article) .
[0031] “Disposed” refers to an element being located in a particular place or position.
[0032] “Joined” refers to configurations whereby an element is directly secured to another element by affixing the element directly to the other element and to configurations whereby an element is indirectly secured to another element by affixing the element to intermediate member (s) which in turn are affixed to the other element.
[0033] “Proximal” refers to a portion being closer relative to the longitudinal center of the article, while “distal” refers to a portion being farther from the longitudinal center of the article.
[0034] “Water-permeable” and “water-impermeable” refer to the penetrability of materials in the context of the indented usage of disposable absorbent articles. Specifically, the term “water-permeable” refers to a layer or a layered structure having pores, openings, and / or interconnected void spaces that permit liquid water, urine, or synthetic urine to pass through its thickness in the absence of a forcing pressure. Conversely, the term “water-impermeable” refers to a layer or a layered structure through the thickness of which liquid water, urine, or synthetic urine cannot pass in the absence of a forcing pressure (aside from natural forces such as gravity) . A layer or a layered structure that is water-impermeable according to this definition may be permeable to water vapor, i.e., may be “vapor-permeable” .
[0035] “Extendibility" and "extensible" mean that the width or length of the component in a relaxed state can be extended or increased.
[0036] “Elasticated” and “elasticized” mean that a component comprises at least a portion made of elastic material.
[0037] “Elongatable material” , “extensible material” , or “stretchable material” are used interchangeably and refer to a material that, upon application of a biasing force, can stretch to an elongated length of at least about 110%of its relaxed, original length (i.e. can stretch to 10 percent more than its original length) , without rupture or breakage, and upon release of the applied force, shows little recovery, less than about 20%of its elongation without complete rupture or breakage as measured by EDANA method 20.2-89. In the event such an elongatable material recovers at least 40%of its elongation upon release of the applied force, the elongatable material will be considered to be “elastic” or “elastic. ” For example, an elastic material that has an initial length of 100mm can extend at least to 150mm, and upon removal of the force retracts to a length of at least 130mm (i.e., exhibiting a 40%recovery) . In the event the material recovers less than 40%of its elongation upon release of the applied force, the elongatable material will be considered to be “substantially non-elastic” or “substantially non-elastic” . For example, an elongatable material that has an initial length of 100mm can extend at least to 150mm, and upon removal of the force retracts to a length of at least 145mm (i.e., exhibiting a 10%recovery) .
[0038] “Radial” means a direction running from the center of a drum toward a drum outer circumferential surface.
[0039] “Substrate” means a material which is primarily two-dimensional (i.e. in an XY plane) and whose thickness (in a Z direction) is relatively small (i.e. 1 / 10 or less) in comparison to its length (in an X direction) and width (in a Y direction) . Non-limiting examples of substrates include a web, layer or layers or fibrous materials, nonwovens, films and foils such as polymeric films or metallic foils. These materials may be used alone or may comprise two or more layers laminated together. As such, a web is a substrate.
[0040] “Nonwoven” means a material made from continuous (long) filaments (fibers) and / or discontinuous (short) filaments (fibers) by processes such as spunbonding, meltblowing, carding, and the like. Nonwovens do not have a woven or knitted filament pattern.
[0041] “Machine direction” means the direction of material flow through a process. In addition, relative placement and movement of material can be described as flowing in the machine direction through a process from upstream in the process to downstream in the process.
[0042] “Cross machine direction” means a direction that is generally perpendicular to the machine direction.
[0043] Ring-like Elastic Belt
[0044] Figures 1 and 2 show an example of a belt-type pant (100) comprising the ring-like elastic belt (104) of the present invention. Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a belt-type pant (100) in a pre-fastened configuration, and Figure 2 shows a schematic plan view of the belt-type pant (100) with the seams unjoined and in a flat uncontracted condition showing the garment facing surface. The belt-type pant (100) shown in Figures 1 and 2 includes a chassis (102) and a ring-like elastic belt (104) . As discussed below in more detail, a front belt (106) and a back belt (108) are bonded together to form the ring-like elastic belt (104) .
[0045] With continued reference to Figure 2, the article includes a front waist region (116) , a back waist region (118) , and a crotch region (120) disposed intermediate the front and back waist regions. The pant (100) may also include a laterally extending distal edge (121) in the front waist region (116) and a longitudinally opposing and laterally extending distal edge (122) in the back waist region (118) . To provide a frame of reference, the pant (100) and chassis (102) of Figure 2 are shown with a longitudinal axis (124) and a lateral axis (126) . The longitudinal axis (124) may extend through the front waist edge (121) and through the back waist edge (122) . And the lateral axis (126) may extend through a first longitudinal or right side edge (128) and through a midpoint of a second longitudinal or left side edge (130) of the article.
[0046] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the belt-type pant (100) may comprise a chassis (102) including a backsheet (136) and a topsheet (138) . The chassis (102) may also include an absorbent assembly (140) , including an absorbent core (142) , disposed between a portion of the topsheet (138) and the backsheet (136) . The pant (100) may also include other features, such as leg elastic bodies and / or leg cuffs to enhance the fit around the legs of the wearer.
[0047] As shown in Figure 2, the periphery of the chassis (102) may be defined by the first longitudinal side edge (128) , a second longitudinal side edge (130) , a first laterally extending end edge (144) disposed in the front waist region (116) , and a second laterally extending end edge (146) disposed in the back waist region (118) . Both side edges (128, 130) extend longitudinally between the first end edge (144) and the second end edge (146) . As shown in Figure 2, the laterally extending end edges (144, 146) are located longitudinally inward from the laterally extending front distal edge (121) in the front waist region (116) and the laterally extending back distal edge (122) in the back waist region (118) . When the belt-type pant (100) is worn on the lower torso of a wearer, the front distal edge (121) and the back distal edge (122) of the chassis (102) may encircle a portion of the waist of the wearer. At the same time, the chassis side edges (128, 130) may encircle at least a portion of the legs of the wearer. And the crotch region (120) may be generally positioned between the legs of the wearer extending from the front waist region (116) through the crotch region (120) to the back waist region (118) .
[0048] The belt-type pant (100) comprising the ring-like elastic belt (104) of the present invention is provided to consumers in a configuration wherein the front waist region (116) and the back waist region (118) are connected to each other as packaged, prior to being applied to the wearer. As such, the belt-type pant (100) may have a continuous perimeter waist opening (110) and continuous perimeter leg openings (112) such as shown in Figure 1. The ring-like elastic belt (104) is defined by a front belt (106) connected with a back belt (108) . As shown in Figure 2, the front belt (106) defines left and right side regions (106a, 106b) and a central region (106c) , and the back belt (108) defines left and right side regions (108a, 108b) and a central region (108c) .
[0049] The central region (106c) of the front belt (106) may be connected with the front waist region (116) of the chassis (102) , and the central region (108c) of the back belt (108) may be connected with the back waist region (118) of the chassis (102) . As shown in Figure 1, the left side region (106a) of the front belt (106) is connected with the left side region (108a) of the back belt (108) at a first side seam (178) , and the right side region (106b) of the front belt (106) is connected with the right side region (108b) of the back belt (108) at a second side seam (180) to define the ring-like elastic belt (104) as well as the waist opening (110) and leg openings (112) . As shown in Figures 2, 3A-3B and 4A-4B, the front belt (106) also defines a distal edge (107a) and a proximal edge (107b) , and the back belt (108) defines a distal edge (109a) and a proximal edge (109b) . The distal edges (107a, 109a) may also define the front distal edge (121) and the laterally extending back distal edge (122) . Referring to Figure 1, when assembled as a pant article, the areas in which the side seams (178, 180) are formed do not overlap with the chassis (102) but have the wearer facing side of the front and back belt (106, 108) directly facing each other. Each of the side seams comprise a front side originating from material coming from the front belt (106) , and a back side originating from material coming from the back belt (108) .
[0050] Referring to Figures 2, 3A-3B and 4A-4B, each of the front belt (106) and back belt (108) may impart elasticity by forming a laminate comprising a first substrate layer (162) , a second substrate layer (164) , and a first plurality of elastic bodies (168) joined between the first substrate layer (162) and the second substrate layer (164) . The first plurality of elastic bodies (168) may be disposed to extend in the lateral direction. The first plurality of elastic bodies (168) may be disposed to extend parallel with each other. The first substrate layer (162) may have a greater longitudinal dimension than that of the second substrate layer (164) , and thus extend beyond the distal edge of the second substrate layer (164) to form a first fold over (931) wherein the first fold over (931) is folded at the distal edge (107a, 109a) and attached to the laminate. The first substrate layer (162) may be the outer layers (92) of the front and back belts (106, 108) . The second substrate layer (164) may be the inner layers (94) of the front and back belts (106, 108) . The first fold over (931) may avoid sharp distal edges, or provide loftiness to the elastic laminate. The first fold over (931) of the front belt (106) has a longitudinal dimension shorter than the front belt (106) , and the first fold over (931) of the back belt (108) has a longitudinal dimension shorter than the back belt (108) . Due to this first fold over (931) , the laminates are provided in regions having two substrate layers and three substrate layers.
[0051] The first and second substrate layers (162, 164) may be the same or different material, and selected to provide characteristics such as breathability, softness, cushiony feel, loftiness, and combinations thereof, depending on the desirables of the resulting article. The first and second substrate layers (162, 164) may have the same or different basis weight, stiffness, texture or any combination thereof. The first and second substrate layers (162, 164) may have a basis weight of from about 5gsm to about 45gsm, and may be made by processes such as meltblown, spunbond, spunlace, air-through carded or air-laid; and may comprise fibers and / or filaments made of polypropylene (PP) , polyethylene (PE) , polyethylene phthalate (PET) , polylactic acid / polylactide (PLA) or conjugate fibers (such as PE / PET, PE / PP, PE / PLA) as well as natural fibers such as cotton or regenerated cellulosic fibers such as viscose or lyocell. The first and second substrate layers (162, 164) may also be a multilayer or composite structure combining nonwovens made by different processes and fibers such as combining spunbond and carded nonwovens. The first and second substrate layers (162, 164) may be made by biodegradable material, or derived from renewable resources.
[0052] One or both of the first and second substrate layers (162, 164) may have a plurality of openings. The openings may have an opening rate of from about 5%to about 50%, and an effective opening area for each opening of from about 0.1mm2 to about 25mm2. The openings may be apertures, slits, or the like. The openings may be apertures having an aspect ratio of less than about 5. The openings may be made by female-male hot pin process, hole punching process, hydroentanglement process using water jets and a screen to create holes, and combinations thereof. The openings may be made by creating a plurality of weakened locations by heat or pressure followed by incremental stretching, causing said nonwoven web to rupture at the weakened locations such as described in US Patent 5, 628, 097, all hereby incorporated by reference. Such rupturing method may be particularly useful for nonwovens using spunbonded fibers and meltblown fibers. The openings may be three-dimensional, non-homogenous, unaligned and forming a pattern as disclosed in PCT Publication WO 2016 / 73712, all hereby incorporated by reference.
[0053] One or both of the first and second substrate layers (162, 164) may have a plurality of bondings. The bondings may have a bonding rate of from about 4%to about 18%, and for each bonding have a bonding area of from about 0.3mm2 to about 10mm2. The bondings may be in various shapes, including but not limited to circles, ovals, straight or curved lines, and may be discrete or connected. Bondings may be referred to as embossings or quiltings. Bondings may be made by calendar bonding, optionally aided by air compression. The bondings may be those disclosed in PCT Publication WO 2012 / 134988, all hereby incorporated by reference.
[0054] Non-limiting examples of materials suitable for the first and second substrate layers (162, 164) of the present invention include: 12-30gsm air-through carded nonwoven substrate made of PE / PET bi-component staple fiber, such as those available from Beijing Dayuan Nonwoven Fabric Co. Ltd. Xiamen Yanjan New Material Co. Ltd., or Foshan Wisdom New Material Co., Ltd., and 8-30gsm spun melt nonwoven substrate comprising PP monofilament or PE / PP bi-component fibers, such as those available from Guanhe Hygiene Products Co. Ltd. The first substrate layer may have a higher basis weight than that of the second substrate layer.
[0055] Depending on the material and the treatments provided on the substrate layer for providing the desired characteristics, the substrate layer may be rendered a unique Material Breaking Point. Certain materials and treatments may provide the substrate layer to have a relatively low Material Breaking Point, according to the measurements herein, for example a Material Breaking Point of less than about 8N / 25.4mm, or less than about 7N / 25.4mm. When the substrate layer has a relatively low Material Breaking Point, this may lead to the substrate layer giving away when the side seam is torn to open the article after use. Namely, the force applied to the side seam to tear open the side seam may unintentionally trail off in the lateral direction of the article, and the substrate or laminate may rip in this direction. The ring-like elastic belt of the present invention has selected side seam properties to avoid such ripping, even when substrate layers of relatively low Material Breaking Point are used.
[0056] Referring to Figures 3A-5B, the first plurality of elastic bodies (168) may be disposed in the same or different denier, interval, or force between the front and back, as well as in different longitudinal positions of the belt. The elastic bodies (168) may be intermittently disposed in varying intervals, wherein the pattern of intervals of elastic bodies (168) disposed on the front belt (106) may be different from the pattern of intervals of the elastic bodies (168) disposed on the back belt (108) . As such, the elastic bodies (168) may be disposed in a manner such that at least one elastic body from the front belt (106) and at least one elastic body from the back belt (108) overlap with each other at the side seam, while others do not. The elastic bodies (168) may be intentionally disposed to provide various benefits to the ring-like elastic belt (104) , including ergonomic fit, anchoring against certain part of the wearer’s body, accommodating movement of the legs, such as for example, the articles disclosed in WO2016 / 029651, WO2016 / 029652, WO2016 / 029653, WO2016 / 029566, WO2016 / 029655, WO2016 / 029656, WO2017 / 132852, WO2017 / 133031, all hereby incorporated by reference.
[0057] Referring to Figures 3A-3B and 4A-4B, the longitudinal dimension of the front belt (106) may be different from the longitudinal dimension of the back belt (108) , wherein either one of the longitudinal edges of the front belt (106) and back belt (108) may be matched with each other. Referring to Figure 5A, the back belt (108) may have a greater longitudinal dimension wherein the distal edges of the front belt (106) and back belt (108) are matched to create a buttock cover (111) on the back side. As described in further detail below and referring to Figure 6A, the fold over (931) may sandwich the chassis (102) to cover the longitudinal edges of the chassis (102) on the front and back. The chassis (102) may be placed offset from the longitudinal center of the article, namely shifted to the front side or the back side. For example, the chassis (102) may be shifted toward the front side to accommodate urine absorption. The dimensions of the first fold over (931) of the front and back belts may be adjusted according to the position of the chassis (102) relative to the article.
[0058] Referring to Figure 1, the first and second side seams (178, 180) which join the lateral edges of the front belt (106) and the back belt (108) are made of material of the elastic laminate for forming the front belt (106) and the back belt (108) . In the present invention, the side seams may be made by a bond which at least partially melts material of the elastic laminate forming the front belt (106) and the back belt (108) , the side seams (178, 180) having continuity of the melted material along the substantial entirety of its longitudinal dimension. As discussed in further detail below, the side seams (178, 180) herein may be formed by hot air bonding. Hot air bonding is advantageous in that the process may be conducted in high speed to form a reliable strong seam. It is desired that the side seam is strong enough to tolerate normal usage conditions, namely does not fail when stretched upon application, or after the article is loaded. On the other hand, it is also desired that the seam is easy to open after use, namely possible to tear by hand along the longitudinal dimension for removal from the wearer.
[0059] Referring back to Figures 3A-3B and 4A-4B, the side seam of the present invention comprises an upper side seam region and a lower side seam region, wherein the upper side seam region has a Peel Strength of from about 10N / 25.4mm to about 20N / 25.4mm, or from about 12N / 25.4mm to about 18N / 25.4mm, and the lower side seam region has a Peel Strength of from about 8N / 25.4mm to about 18N / 25.4mm, or from about 10N / 25.4mm to about 16N / 25.4mm, according to measurements herein. The Peel Strength of the side seam of the present invention may be adjusted by providing Side Seam Lines of Weakness along at least the region where the side seam is made by 4 substrate layers, as discussed in further detail below. The Peel Strength of the upper side seam region may be higher than, or at least about 5%higher than that of the lower side seam region. Regardless of the region to which the Side Seam Lines of Weakness (700) are provided, the distal edge of the side seam (178, 180) by 25.4mm is defined the upper side seam region, and the proximal edge of the side seam (178, 180) by 25.4mm is defined the lower side seam region. It is desirable to provide the upper side seam region to have a relatively high Peel Strength so that the side seam tolerates dynamic forces caused by stretching of the ring-like elastic belt during use. Further, in that the upper side seam region is typically the starting point for tearing open the side seam after use by hand, this portion may be torn open with relatively precise and concentrated force. On the other hand, without being bound by theory, the region of the side seam having only 4 layers coming from the front side and back side and therefore comprising the lower side seam region, is prone to rip and trail off of the side seam tearing line into the lateral direction, such phenomena called “horizonal tearing” . Horizonal tearing is more prone to occur when the Material Breaking Point of the outer layer (92) is lower than that of the Peel Strength of the side seam. Horizontal tearing may be a source of stress to the user upon attempting to dispose of the loaded pant article. Horizontal tearing may be prevented by lowering the Peel Strength at least in the lower side seam region.
[0060] Lowering of the Peel Strength of the lower side seam region may be provided by introducing a Side Seam Lines of Weakness (700a, 700b) as in Figure 9B. The Side Seam Lines of Weakness (700a, 700b) may be provided only on one of the front side or the back side, so that the Side Seam Lines of Weakness (700a, 700b) are not visible during usage. Visibility of openings or holes on the side seam may connote low quality or failure to the user of the pant article. By providing a lower side seam region having a Peel Strength within the required values, yet with lower Peel Strength than the upper side seam region, a ring-like elastic belt having a seam strength that endures premature tearing during use while also being easy to open after use may be stably manufactured.
[0061] The measurements for obtaining Material Breaking Point and Peel Strength are provided in further detail below.
[0062] Referring to Figures 4A-5B, the front and back elastic belts (106, 108) of the present invention may each be divided into multiple zones spanning in the lateral direction and defined by its location from the distal edge (107a, 109a) to the proximal edge (107b, 109b) relative to the percentage of the seam length LS wherein the distal edge (107a, 109a) is considered 0%and the side seam proximal edge (107b) is considered 100%. The multiple zones may be configured to provide different tensile stress, or different functions to the front and back elastic belts (106, 108) , respectively. In one embodiment, a waist guard portion WGP which provides protective measures for preventing leakage of low viscosity bodily exudates from the waist opening, may be provided.
[0063] Referring to Figures 4B and 5A-5B, the waist guard portion WGP is explained by utilizing an embodiment comprising the waist guard portion WGP on the back belt (108) , although the waist guard portion WGP may be provided on the front belt (106) , or both the front and back belt (106, 108) . In the belt of the present invention, the waist guard portion WGP may be disposed within a location of from about 5%to about 60%, or from about 10%to about 55%, or from about 25-60%of LS on one or both of the front and back elastic belts (106, 108) , the waist guard portion WGP extending towards the crotch region from a closed base line (103B) toward an open edge (103M) , wherein the waist guard portion WGP is partially bonded to the remainder of the front or back elastic belt (106, 108) to define a pocket (103P) . The waist guard portion WGP need not span the entire 5%to 60%of LS, but rather is comprised within such dimension. The waist guard portion WGP may be positioned at a dimension of from about 25%to about 50%of LS, or from about 30%to about 60%of LS, or from about 25%to about 55%of LS, or from about 30%to about 50%of LS. Without being bound by theory, by providing the waist guard portion WGP in such dimension on the back elastic belt (108) , the buttock cleavage of a wearer is effectively covered by the waist guard portion WGP so that low viscosity exudate, such as runny fecal matter or blood, may be effectively drawn into the pocket. Without being bound by theory, by providing the waist guard portion WGP in such dimension on the front elastic belt (106) , the area matching the pubic bone of a wearer is effectively covered by the waist guard portion WGP, so that low viscosity exudate, such as urine, may be effectively drawn into the pocket.
[0064] Still referring to Figures 4B and 5A-5B, the waist guard portion WGP is made by an extension of the outer layer (92) extending beyond the longitudinal dimension of the inner layer (94) , which extension of the outer layer (92) is folded inwardly 2 times in order to encompass a second elastic body (96F) and further to provide the waist guard portion WGP in the intended position relative to the side seam length LS. As a result of the 2 folds, the second elastic body (96F) is sandwiched between the first outer layer fold over (931) and the second outer layer fold over (932) , wherein the second outer layer fold over (932) exists between the first outer layer fold over (931) and the inner layer (94) , the first outer layer fold over (931) constituting the wearer facing surface. Referring to Figure 5B, a certain longitudinal dimension from the distal edge of the first outer layer fold over (931) is bonded to the remainder of the belt, such bonding shown as SWFA, however, leaving some longitudinal dimension unbonded. The position provided most distal of the unbonded region is the closed base line (103B) , and the common proximal edge of the first outer layer fold over (931) and second outer layer fold over (932) is the open edge (103M) . The waist guard portion WGP is defined as having a longitudinal dimension spanning from the closed base line (103B) to the open edge (103M) , and having a lateral dimension matching the width of the belt to which it is provided. The left and right lateral edges of the waist guard portion WGP are also bonded to the remainder of the belt, such bonding shown as SWFA. The unbonded region thus provided is the pocket (103P) .
[0065] Referring to Figure 5A, the second elastic body (96F) provides the waist guard elastic portion WGEP, wherein elasticity may be imparted by one or more elastic strands, elastic ribbons, mechanically activated nonwovens, or otherwise. The waist guard elastic portion WGEP is defined as having a longitudinal dimension (1031) spanning from the open edge (103M) to the distal edge of the second elastic body (96F) . When the second elastic body (96F) is a plurality of elastic strands, the distal edge of the waist guard elastic portion WGEP is the position of the elastic strand which is positioned most distal. There may be 2-10 elastic strands, or from 2-5 elastic strands, or 2-8 elastic strands, or 3-4 elastic strands, or 3-8 elastic strands, or 4-6 elastic strands disposed on the waist guard elastic portion. The longitudinal dimension of the waist guard elastic portion WGEP is smaller than that of the waist guard portion WGP such that a pocket (103P) having containment capacity may be provided. Bonding SWFA may be provided along the end edge (146) of the chassis to prevent leakage from the closed base line (103B) towards the waist opening. In Figures 5A and 5B, the pocket (103P) has a rectangular shape, however, the pocket (103P) may take other shapes by changing the bonding area SWFA. For example, the pocket may have a trapezoid shape wherein the pocket dimension at the closed base line (103B) is smaller that that at the open edge (103M) . The longitudinal dimension of the pocket (103P) , defined as the shortest distance between the closed base line (103B) to the open edge (103M) , may be smaller than that of the first fold over and greater than that of the second fold over.
[0066] Referring to Figures 4B and 5B, the belt on which the waist guard portion WGP is disposed may be divided into 3 zones relative to LS. The zone distal from the waist guard portion WGP (103) may be a waist zone (101) , and the zone proximal from the waist guard portion WGP may be a tummy zone (105) . First elastic bodies (168) may be disposed in the zone overlapping the waist guard portion WGP (103) .
[0067] Referring back to Figs. 3A-3B, the longitudinal dimension of the first fold over of the front belt may be different from that of the first fold over of the back belt. Thus, when the front belt and the back belt are matched to overlay each other at the side seam, there may be regions of different number of substrate layers. Starting from the distal edge, there are a total substrate layer numbers of; a) 6 layers from the distal edge (107a, 109a) to the proximal edge of the front belt first fold over (I) , b) 5 layers from the proximal edge of the front belt first fold over to proximal edge of the back belt first fold over (II) , and c) 4 layers for the remainder of the side seam.
[0068] The existence of a second fold over on one of the front or back belt furthers the non-homogeneity of the layers of substrates along the side seam. Referring to Figures 4A-4B, starting from the distal edge, there are a total substrate layer numbers of a) 6 layers from the distal edge (107a, 109a) to the point where the second fold over exists (III) , b) 7 layers from the distal edge of the second fold over (III) to the proximal edge of the front belt first fold over (IV) , c) 6 layers from the proximal edge of the front belt first fold over (IV) to the open edge of the pocket (V) , and d) 4 layers for the remainder of the side seam.
[0069] As mentioned above, the side seams of the 4 layer region, namely from Point II to the proximal edge of the front belt (107b) in Figures 3A-3B, and from Point V to the proximal edge of the front belt (107b) in Figures 4A-4B, are where horizontal tearing are most prone to occur. As such, there is interest to decrease the bonding strength, and hence decrease the Peel Strength, of the side seam in these 4 layer regions. Accordingly, Side Seam Lines of Weakness (700) is provided to overlap at least the side seam region made of 4 layers. Side Seam Lines of Weakness (700) may be provided over a dimension of at least about 50%, or at least about 80%, or at least about 90%of the side seam starting from the proximal edge of the side seam. Side Seam Lines of Weakness (700) may be provided to substantially the entire longitudinal dimension of the side seam. In one embodiment, referring to Figures 3A, 4A, and 9A, the Side Seam Lines of Weakness (700) may be provided only on the front side of the side seams between regions from Point II to the proximal edge of the front belt (107b) in Figure 3A, and Point V to the proximal edge of the front belt (107b) in Figure 4A. In other embodiments, the Side Seam Lines of Weakness (700) may be provided only on the back side of the side seams.
[0070] Referring to Figures 3A and 9C, the ring-like elastic belt of the present invention may further comprise a Fold Over Lines of Weakness (704) adjacent the side seam on the first fold over (931) . Such Fold Over Lines of Weakness (704) may prevent the “horizontal tearing” phenomena happening in the vicinity of the proximal edge of the first fold over (931W) . Upon bonding the first fold over (931) to the outer layer (92) , there may be left a small longitudinal dimension of the first fold over (931) adjacent its proximal edge that is not bonded to the outer layer (92) . Such “non bond window” (931W) may be provided, in particular, to avoid undesired bleeding of adhesive in this area which forms part of the wearer-facing side of the belt. Due to this non bond window (931W) , the material of the first fold over itself may trail off upon tearing of the side seam (178, 180) , leading to horizontal tearing of the first fold over (931) . The Fold Over Lines of Weakness (704) may be provided adjacent to the side seam (178, 180) for preventing such trailing off of the tearing line.
[0071] The Fold Over Lines of Weakness (704) may be provided only on the first fold over (931) , so that the lines of weakness (704) are not visible during usage from the garment facing side. Visibility of unintentional openings or holes may connote low quality or failure to the user of the pant article. When the longitudinal dimension of the first fold over (931) of the front belt and that of the back belt are different, the Fold Over Lines of Weakness (704) may be provided on the belt having the shorter first fold over. The Fold Over Lines of Weakness (704) may be provided on the belt having the Side Seam Lines of Weakness (700) for effectiveness of manufacture, as discussed in further detail below.
[0072] Method of Manufacture
[0073] The present invention is further directed to a method of manufacturing the ring-like elastic belt as discussed above, wherein the belt is an elastic laminate (200) comprising a first and a second substrate (162, 164) , with a plurality of first elastic bodies (168) bonded inbetween. Referring to Figure 6, a converting apparatus (301) operates to advance a continuous length of first elastic bodies (168) , a continuous length of a first substrate (162) , and a continuous length of a second substrate (164) along a machine direction MD. In some configurations, second elastic bodies (96F) may also be introduced between the first and second fold overs (931, 932) . The apparatus (300) stretches the elastic bodies (168, 96F) and joins them with the first and second substrates (162, 164) to produce an elastic laminate (200) .
[0074] Referring to Figures 6-8, the elastic laminate (200) may then pass a cutting apparatus (500) comprising blades (510, 604) for providing lines of weaknesses described in further detail below, and well as blades (511) to cut the elastic laminate (200) in the machine direction MD through the low stretch zones (701) to create a first low-stretch zones (701a) and second low-stretch zones (701b) . The first elastic laminate (200a) may correspond with the front belt (106) and the second elastic laminate (200b) may correspond with the back belt (108) described above. Referring to Figures 6 and 6A, the elastic laminate (200) may be separated by a slitting device (350) along the machine direction MD to define separate lanes of individual elastic laminates (200) , for example, be separated into a first continuous elastic laminate (200a) and a second continuous elastic laminate (200b) . The elastic laminate (200) may be slit with a shear slitting operation or a crush slit operation. In a crush slit operation, the first substrate (162) and the second substrate (164) may be bonded together during the slitting operation.
[0075] The first elastic belt laminate (200a) and the second elastic belt laminate (200b) may be separated from each other in the cross direction CD. In turn, opposing end regions of chassis (102) may be connected with the low-stretch zones (701a) in the first elastic belt laminate (200a) and / or low stretch zones (701b) in the second elastic belt laminate (200b) . During subsequent assembly operations as in Figures 6B-6C, the chassis (102) may be folded so as to position the first elastic belt laminate (200a) into a facing relationship with the second elastic belt laminate (200b) . The overlapping belt laminates (200a, 200b) may be bonded together, and subsequently, discrete pants (100P) may be formed by separating the first and second belt laminates (200a, 200b) into first and second belts (106, 108) by cutting along the cross direction CD through bonded regions of the first and second belt laminates (200a, 200b) . As such, the bonded regions may be divided to define the first and second side seams (178, 180) , respectively.
[0076] Referring back to Figure 6, from the slitting device (350) , the first and second elastic laminates (200a, 200b) may advance through a diverter (352) that separates the first and second elastic laminates (200a, 200b) from each other in the cross direction CD. The diverter (352) may be configured in various ways. For example, in some embodiments, the diverter (352) may include turn bars angled at 45 degrees or some other angle with respect to the machine direction MD. In some embodiments, the diverter may include cambered rollers. In some embodiments, the diverter (352) may include a pivot or tracking table, such as for example, the FIFE-500 Web Guiding System, by Maxcess-FIFE Corporation, which can adjust the positions of the first and second elastic laminates (200a, 200b) in the cross direction CD. Other suitable pivot or tracking tables are available from Erhardt &Leimer, Inc. The diverter may also include instrumentation and web edge control features that allow for precise active control of the substrate positions.
[0077] With reference to Figures 6 and 6A, the first elastic laminate (200a) includes an outer longitudinal edge (200aa) and an inner longitudinal edge (200ab) that may define a substantially constant width, W1, in the cross direction CD. The second elastic laminate (200b) includes an outer longitudinal edge (200ba) and an inner longitudinal edge (200bb) that may define a substantially constant width, W2, in the cross direction CD. In some configurations, W1 and W2 may be equal or not equal. For example, in some configurations, W2 may be greater than W1. The first elastic laminate (200a) is separated in the cross direction CD from the second elastic laminate (200b) to define a gap between the inner longitudinal edge (200ab) of the first elastic laminate (200a) and the inner longitudinal edge (200bb) of the second elastic laminate (200b) . The first elastic laminate (200a) may correspond with and may be converted into the front belt (106) of an assembled pant (100P) , and the second elastic laminate (200b) may correspond with and may be converted into the back belt (108) of an assembled pant (100P) . As such, the inner longitudinal edge (200ab) of the first elastic laminate (200a) may correspond with the inner laterally extending edge (107b) of the front belt (106) , and the inner longitudinal edge (200bb) of the second elastic laminate (200b) may correspond with the inner laterally extending edge (109b) of the back belt (108) . As discussed in more detail below, the first and second elastic laminates (200a, 200b) advance from the diverter (352) and are combined with discrete chassis (102) . A continuous length of chassis assemblies (102a) are advanced in a machine direction MD and define a width in a cross direction CD. The continuous length of chassis assemblies (102a) may include: absorbent assemblies (140) sandwiched between topsheet material (138) and backsheet material (136) ; leg elastics; barrier leg cuffs; and the like. The continuous length of chassis assemblies (102a) may advance to a cutting apparatus (354) and may be cut into discrete chassis (102) . In turn, the discrete chassis (102) are combined with the first elastic laminate (200a) and the second elastic laminate (200b) . In some configurations, the discrete chassis (102) advance from the cutting apparatus (354) to a carrier apparatus (356) , generically represented in Figure 6 by a dashed bracket. The carrier apparatus (356) may operate to change the orientation and / or advancement speed of the chassis (102) and combine the chassis (102) with the advancing first elastic laminate (200a) and the second elastic laminate (200b) , which may also be referred to herein as chassis-belt combining operations. It is to be appreciated that various forms of carrier apparatuses (356) may be used with the methods herein, such as for example, the carrier apparatuses disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 7,587,966 and U.S. Patent Publication Nos. 2013 / 0270065 A1; 2013 / 0270069 A1; 2013 / 0270066 A1; and 2013 / 0270067 A1.
[0078] As shown in Figures 6, 6A, and 6B, the chassis (102) are transferred from the carrier apparatus (356) and combined with continuous lengths of advancing first elastic laminate (200a) and second elastic laminate (200b) . The chassis (102) are spaced apart from each other along the machine direction MD. The first waist region (116) of the chassis (102) may be bonded with the second substrate (164) of the first elastic laminate (200a) , and the second waist region (118) of the chassis (102) may be bonded with the second substrate (164) of the second elastic laminate (200b) . As previously mentioned, the first elastic laminate (200a) may correspond with and may be converted into the front belt (106) of an assembled pant (100P) , and the second elastic laminate (200b) may correspond with and may be converted into the back belt (108) of an assembled pant (100P) . As such, the first substrate (162) of the first elastic laminate (200a) and the second elastic laminate (200b) may correspond with the outer layer (92) on the front belt (106) and the back belt (108) , respectively. And the second substrate (164) of the first elastic laminate (200a) and the second elastic laminate (200b) may correspond with the inner layer (94) on the front belt (106) and the back belt (108) , respectively.
[0079] As shown in Figures 6 and 6A, the combined chassis (102) , first belt laminate (200a) , and second belt laminate (200b) advance to an edge transformation apparatus (360) . The edge transformation apparatus (360) is configured as a folding apparatus that operates to fold the first and / or second belt laminates (200a, 200b) in the cross direction CD along fold lines that extend along the machine direction MD, which may also be referred to herein as waist edge folding operations. For example, as shown in Figure 6A, the edge transformation apparatus (360) operates to fold the first substrate (204) on the first elastic laminate (200a) longitudinally to position the second surface of the first extended portion (204c) of the first substrate (162) in a facing relationship with the first surface of the second substrate (164) . The edge transformation apparatus (360) also operates to fold the first substrate (162) on the second elastic laminate (200b) longitudinally to position the second surface of the second extended portion (204d) of the first substrate (162) in a facing relationship with the first surface of the second substrate (164) .
[0080] As such, the edge transformation apparatus (360) creates a fold lines (162h) in the first belt laminate (200a) that extends in the machine direction MD. The edge transformation apparatus (360) also creates a fold lines (162h) in the second belt laminate (200b) that extends in the machine direction MD. The fold lines (162h) in the first elastic laminate (200a) may correspond with the distal edge (107a) of the front belt (106) in an assembled diaper pant (100P) , and the fold lines (162h) in the second elastic laminate (200b) may correspond with the distal edge (109a) of the back belt (108) in an assembled diaper pant (100P) as discussed above with reference to Figures 3A-3B and 4A-4B.
[0081] As shown in Figure 6A, the folded portions (204g) of the first and second elastic laminates (200a, 200b) are folded so as to overlap the first and / or second laterally extending end edges (144, 146) and topsheet (138) of each chassis (102) . In turn, the folded portions (204g) in the first elastic laminate (200a) may correspond with the first fold over (931) of the front belt (106) in an assembled diaper pant (100P) , and the folded portions (204g) in the second elastic laminate (200b) may correspond with the first fold over (931) of the back belt (108) in an assembled diaper pant (100P) as discussed above with reference to Figures 3A-4B. The folded portions (204g) , the opposing end regions of the topsheets (138) , and the first surface of the second substrate (164) may be bonded together in various ways, such as with adhesive and / or mechanical bonds.
[0082] While not shown, at least one of the elastic laminates (200a, 200b) may be configured to be folded 2 times to effect a waist guard portion WGP as shown in Figures 4B and 5A-5B. The elastic laminate may be once folded to provide a second fold over (932) , followed by a twice fold to provide a first fold over (931) . The second elastic body (96F) may be introduced between the first and second fold overs (931, 932) .
[0083] Referring back to Figure 6, a continuous length of absorbent articles (100a) are defined by multiple discrete chassis (102) spaced apart from each other along the machine direction MD and connected with each other by the second belt laminate (200b) and the first belt laminate (200a) . The continuous length of absorbent articles (100a) may advance from the edge transformation apparatus (360) to a folding apparatus (362) . Referring to Figure 6 and 6A, at the folding apparatus (362) , each chassis (102) is folded in the cross direction CD parallel to or along a lateral axis (126) to place the first waist region (116) , and specifically, the wearer facing surface into a facing, surface to surface orientation with the wearer facing surface of the second waist region (118) . The folding of the chassis also positions the second belt laminate (200b) extending between each chassis (102) in a facing relationship with the first belt laminate (200a) extending between each chassis (102) . The folding apparatus (364) may be configured in various ways, such as disclosed for example in U.S. Patent Publication Nos. 2013 / 0203580 A1 and 2017 / 0304124 A1, which are incorporated by reference herein.
[0084] As shown in Figures 6 and 6B, the folded discrete chassis (102) connected with the first and second belt laminates (200a, 200b) may advance from the folding apparatus (362) to a bonder apparatus (364) . The bonder apparatus (364) operates to form bonded regions (250) spaced intermittently along the machine direction that bond first and second elastic laminates (200a, 200b) together, which may also be referred to herein as side seaming operations. The bonder apparatus (364) may be configured in various ways to create bonded regions in various ways, such as for example with heat, adhesives, pressure, and / or ultrasonics.
[0085] Referring now to Figures 6 and 6C, the continuous length of absorbent articles (100a) are advanced from the bonder (364) to a cutting apparatus (366) where the first belt laminate (200a) and the second belt laminate (200b) are cut along the cross direction CD through the bonded regions (250) to create discrete absorbent articles (100) with first and second bonded regions (250a, 250b) , which may also be referred to herein as final knife cutting operations. As shown in Figure 6C, the first belt laminate (200a) and the second belt laminate (200b) are cut into discrete pieces to form the first and second elastic belts (106, 108) , each having a pitch length, PL, extending along the machine direction MD. As such, the bonded region (250a) may correspond with and form a first side seam (178) on an absorbent article (100) , and the bonded region (250b) may correspond with and form a second side seam (180) on a subsequently advancing absorbent article. In addition, the assembled absorbent articles (100P) may also include Side Seam Lines of Weakness (700) in the side seam of the front belt (106) or the back belt (108) , such as discussed above with reference to Figures 3A-4B.
[0086] Referring again to Figure 6, the method of the present invention comprises a first opening step of providing Side Seam Lines of Weakness (700) , and an optional second opening step of providing Fold Over Lines of Weakness (704) . Such first and second opening steps may be effected by passing the elastic laminate (200) through a cutting device (500) adapted to form lines of weaknesses (700, 704) in the elastic laminate, which lines of weakness assist the tearing apart of the side seams (178, 180) without trailing off into the body of the laminate, namely without “horizontal tearing” . Referring to Figure 7, the cutting device (500) may include a knife roll (502) positioned adjacent an anvil roll (504) to define a nip (506) therebetween. The knife roll (502) may include an outer circumferential surface (508) and blades (510, 604) extending radially outward and adapted to rotate about an axis (514) in a first direction Dir1. The anvil roll (504) may include an outer circumferential surface (516) adapted to rotate about an axis (518) in a second direction Dir2 opposite the first direction Dir1. As the elastic laminate (200) advances through the nip (506) between the knife roll (502) and the anvil roll (504) , the blades (510, 604) operate to form lines of weakness, typically discrete cuts, in the elastic laminate (200) .
[0087] As discussed above with reference to Figures 6 and 8 and as discussed below with reference to Figures 7 and 9A-9B, the cutting device (500) may form Side Seam Lines of Weakness (700) in regions planned to be bonded to form the first and second side seams (178, 180) . Figure 9A shows an example of the first opening step for providing Side Seam Lines of Weakness (700a, 700b) that may be formed on the first elastic laminate (200a) by blades (510) discussed above with reference to Figures 7 and 8. In one embodiment, the Side Seam Lines of Weakness (700a, 700b) as in Figure 9A may extend in substantially the entire cross direction CD of the side seams (178, 180) . Referring to Figure 9B, the Side Seam Lines of Weakness (700a 700b) are configured in the machine direction MD so that the final knife cut is positioned between them.
[0088] Referring to Figures 7 and 8, the cutting device (500) may further form Fold Over Lines of Weakness (704a, 704b) by blades (604) adjacent the side seams as in Figure 9A and 9C by a second opening step. Referring to Figures 6A and 8, the Fold Over Lines of Weakness (704a, 704b) are provided only on the first substrate (162) which is planned to be the first fold over (931) . Referring back to Figure 7, the blades (510) for providing the Side Seam Lines of Weakness (700) and the blades (604) for providing the Fold Over Lines of Weakness (704) may be provided adjacent in the axial direction.
[0089] Individual cut lines of The Side Seam Lines of Weakness and the Fold Over Lines of Weakness may each have a major dimension of from about 1mm to about 5mm and spaced apart in the longitudinal direction by about 1mm to about 5mm, and tilted against the lateral axis in an angle of from about 15degrees to about 45degrees, or from about 25degrees to about 40degrees. By such configuration of individual cut lines, the cut lines are less prone to open when force is provided in the machine direction during manufacture, or in the lateral direction during use, while effectively decreasing the Peel Strength of the side seam when torn open for disposal.
[0090] Still referring to Figures 7 and 8, the cutting device (500) may further be adapted to cut the first plurality of elastic bodies (168) to create zones of reduced elasticity in the elastic laminate (200) , namely the deactivating step. For example, regions of the elastic bodies may be intermittently deactivated along the length of the elastic laminate (200) by cutting the elastic bodies to create low-stretch zones (701) intermittently spaced along the machine direction between high-stretch zones (703) . Discrete chassis (102) may be subsequently connected with the first and / or second elastic laminates (200a, 200b) so as to overlap the low-stretch zones (701) . The knife roll (502) may include blades (511) adapted to cut elastic bodies (168) to form the low-stretch zones (701) . The deactivating step may be effected by providing an area where the first plurality of elastics bodies (168) are not bonded to the first or second continuous layers (162, 164) , and pressing blades (511) against the elastic bodies, in order to deactivate the elasticity of the elastic bodies in this region. The deactivation step and the first opening step as well as the optional second opening step may be provided simultaneously.
[0091] 1. Peel Strength
[0092] 1-1. Preparation of Finished Product Specimen
[0093] Specimen for the measurements hereinbelow are obtained from a finished product sample, or ring-like elastic belt (104) sample, unless otherwise specified. To obtain a ring-like elastic belt from a finished product sample, the belt is detached from the chassis (102) by hand.
[0094] Specimen are obtained from 6 (six) finished products from the same area of each article for each set of measurement. Specimen are pre-conditioned in a room maintained at 23 ± 2 ℃ and 50 ± 5 %relative humidity, for at least 2 hours prior to testing. All testing is performed in a room maintained at 23 ± 2 ℃ and 50 ± 5 %relative humidity.
[0095] 1-2. Tensiometer Measurement
[0096] As equipment, MTS Criterion C42 running TestWorks 4 Software with standard tensiometer jaw or equivalent is used.
[0097] 4 (four) unique side seam specimen are obtained from one belt specimen by cutting off the top (distal) edges and bottom (proximal) edges of the opposed longitudinal edges of the left and right side seams in a longitudinal dimension (cross machine direction) of 25.4mm and a lateral dimension (machine direction) of 50mm by scissors. Care is taken such that, when an edge of the side seam is discontinuous, such discontinuous portion is avoided and the continuous portion of the side seam is sampled. Each of the 4 unique side seam specimen from one belt specimen are provided identifiable as “upper left” , “upper right” , “lower left” , and “lower right” .
[0098] (1) The side seam specimen is set such that the lateral direction of the belt matches the vertical direction of the equipment. The side seam specimen is clamped between the upper and lower tensiometer jaws as straight as possible without applying pretension.
[0099] (2) The elongation measurement is taken from the point where the force curve leaves the zero lines.
[0100] (3) A constant rate of extension of 460mm / min is applied.
[0101] (4) Pull the side seam specimen until the side seam is completely separated. Record the peak force (N / 25.4mm) .
[0102] (5) For each of the “upper left” , “upper right” , “lower left” , and “lower right” . specimen, the average peak force of the 6 values of the 6 side seam specimen are obtained and averaged, respectively, wherein each averaged value is named UL (upper left) , UR (upper right) , LL (lower left) , and LR (lower right) . UL and UR are further averaged and reported as the “Peel Strength of the upper side seam region” . LL and LR are further averaged and reported as the “Peel Strength of the lower side seam region” .
[0103] (6) The difference of Peel Strength of the upper side seam region to the lower side seam region is obtained as such:
[0104] |{(UL + UR) – (LL + LR) } ÷ (LL + LR) | (%)
[0105] 2. Material Breaking Point
[0106] As equipment, MTS Criterion C42 running TestWorks 4 Software with standard tensiometer jaw or equivalent is used. For this measurement, raw material of the first substrate layer (162) and the raw material of the second substrate layer (164) is used. According to how the substrate is planned to be assembled, the substrate is cut in a lateral dimension (machine direction) of 25mm and longitudinal dimension (cross machine direction) of 50mm to provide a specimen. Thirty (30) specimens are obtained using different lots of substrate layers, or different regions of substrate layers.
[0107] (1) The specimen is set such that the longitudinal direction in which the layers are planned to be introduced to the belt matches the vertical direction of the equipment. The layers are clamped to leave 25mm initial gauge length. The specimen is clamped between the upper and lower tensiometer jaws as straight as possible without applying pretension.
[0108] (2) A constant rate of extension of 2000mm / min is applied.
[0109] (3) Pull the specimen until the specimen is completely broken. The force distribution up to 0.01N preciseness is recorded.
[0110] (4) The force of highest frequency is the Material Breaking Point (N / 25.4mm) .
[0111] 3. Side Seam Failure Occurrence, Waist Fold Failure Occurrence
[0112] As preparation, 100 finished products are secured from the same lot, and the same operator conducts the following procedure for the 100 finished product samples. For each sample, the waist opening is identified, and one of the side seams (178, 180) is torn open from the waist opening towards the leg opening. The tear opening action is effected by the operator using the left hand and right hand grabbing the front and back side each of the elastic belt in the vicinity of the side seam to be open, and pulling those portions in opposing direction.
[0113] When the tear opening action is completed within 5 seconds with the side seam completely separated to the front side and back side with all materials separated, this is considered normal tearing. Normal tearing includes situations where some trailing off of the tearing line occurs, but still possible to completely separate the front side and the back side of the side seam within 5 seconds.
[0114] The number (n1) of products for which tear opening action could not be completed within 5 seconds is reported as Side Seam Failure Occurrence (%) . The number (n2) of products for which tear opening action results in material of the non-bond window (931W) unseparated and remaining continuous is reported as Waist Fold Failure Occurrence (%) . Side seam failure and waist fold failure may or may not occur on the same sample. When both failures occur on the same sample, these are counted as both n1 and n2.
[0115] EXAMPLE
[0116] Example 1 is identical to a marketed product not according to the present invention having a waist guard portion WGP on the back belt. Example 2 is according to the present invention. Both Examples were made by the same raw materials and same dimensions, while Example 2 additionally had Side Seam Lines of Weakness and Fold Over Lines of Weakness as specified below.
[0117] Example 1: Experimentally made product with identical specification as “Pampers Premium Night Pant” Size 5 available on the PRC market January 2025.
[0118] Example 2: Experimentally made product identical to Example 1 and additionally having Side Seam Lines of Weakness as in Figure 9B and Fold Over Lines of Weakness as in Figure 9C, wherein details of each cut line is provided in Table 1.
[0119] Examples 1-2 were subject to the measurements detailed above for obtaining the Peel Strength of different regions, difference of Peel Strength, Side Seam / Waist Fold Failure Occurrence, and recorded in Table 1 below.
[0120] Table 1
[0121] Example 1 provided side seams of relatively higher Peel Strength and higher occurrence of Side Seam Failure and Fold Over Failure was observed. Due to such unstable quality of the side seam, lower consumer acceptance of side seam tearing experience may be anticipated.
[0122] Example 2 of the present invention provided relatively lower Peel Strength and provided statistically significantly less occurrence of Side Seam Failure as well as Waist Fold Failure compared to Example 1. Thus, compared to Example 1, higher consumer acceptance of side seam tearing experience may be anticipated. Example 2 can be made at the same production speed as Example 1.
[0123] The dimensions and values disclosed herein are not to be understood as being strictly limited to the exact numerical values recited. Instead, unless otherwise specified, each such dimension is intended to mean both the recited value and a functionally equivalent range surrounding that value. For example, a dimension disclosed as “40 mm” is intended to mean “about 40 mm. ” Further, every numerical range given throughout this specification includes every narrower numerical range that falls within such broader numerical range.
[0124] Every document cited herein, including any cross referenced or related patent or application, is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety unless expressly excluded or otherwise limited. The citation of any document is not an admission that it is prior art with respect to any invention disclosed or claimed herein or that it alone, or in any combination with any other reference or references, teaches, suggests or discloses any such invention. Further, to the extent that any meaning or definition of a term in this document conflicts with any meaning or definition of the same term in a document incorporated by reference, the meaning or definition assigned to that term in this document shall govern.
[0125] While particular embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is therefore intended to cover in the appended claims all such changes and modifications that are within the scope of this invention.
Claims
1.A ring-like elastic belt having a longitudinal direction and a lateral direction comprising:a front belt and a back belt, a distal edge, and a proximal edge, each of the front belt and the back belt being an elastic laminate comprising a first substrate layer, a second substrate layer, and a first plurality of elastic bodies joined between the first substrate layer and the second substrate layer, each of the front belt and the back belt further comprising at least one fold over of at least one of the first substrate layer and the second substrate layer, wherein the fold over of the front belt has a longitudinal dimension shorter than the front belt, and the fold over of the back belt has a longitudinal dimension shorter than the back belt,a pair of side seams which join the lateral edges of the front belt and the back belt such that the distal edges of the front belt and the back belt are matched, the side seam made by a bond which at least partially melts material of the elastic laminate, wherein the side seam comprises an upper side seam region and a lower side seam region, the side seam comprising a Side Seam Lines of Weakness along at least the region where the side seam is made by 4 substrate layers, wherein the upper side seam region has a Peel Strength of from about 10N / 25.4mm to about 20N / 25.4mm, and the lower side seam region has a Peel Strength of from about 8N / 25.4mm to about 18N / 25.4mm, according to measurements herein.2.The ring-like elastic belt of Claim 1 wherein the Peel Strength of the upper side seam region is at least about 5%higher than that of the lower side seam region.3.The ring-like elastic belt of Claim 1 or 2 wherein each side seam comprises a front side and a back side, wherein the Side Seam Lines of Weakness is formed only on the front side or the back side of the side seam.4.The ring-like elastic belt of any of the preceding claims wherein the first substrate layer of each of the front belt and the back belt are outer layers forming the garment facing side of the belt, wherein each of the outer layers are folded at the distal edge of the second substrate layer to form a first fold over.5.The ring-like elastic belt of Claim 4 wherein the longitudinal dimension of the first fold over of the front belt is different from that of the first fold over of the back belt.6.The ring-like elastic belt of Claim 4 wherein at least one of the front belt or the back belt comprises a second fold over of the outer layer, the second fold over folded at the proximal edge of the first fold over.7.The ring-like elastic belt of Claim 6 divided into multiple zones spanning in the lateral direction and defined by its location from the distal edge to the proximal edge relative to the percentage of the side seam length LS wherein the distal edge is considered 0%and the proximal edge is considered 100%wherein; the front belt or the back belt comprising the second fold over of the outer layer comprises a waist guard portion positioned within about 5%to about 60%of LS, wherein the waist guard portion extends towards the crotch region from a closed base line toward an open edge, wherein the waist guard portion is partially bonded to the remainder of the belt to define a pocket.8.The ring-like elastic belt of Claim 7 wherein a second elastic body is joined between the first fold over and the second fold over.9.The ring-like elastic belt of any of Claims 4-8 wherein the side seam has regions of different number of combined layers of substrates coming from the front side and the back side, wherein the side seam comprises a 4 layer region and a 6 layer region.10.The ring-like elastic belt of Claim 9 wherein the side seam further comprises a 7 layer region.11.The ring-like elastic belt of any of the preceding claims wherein the bond for making the side seam is a hot air bond.12.The ring-like elastic belt of any of Claims 4-11 further comprising a Fold Over Lines of Weakness provided adjacent the side seam, wherein the Fold Over Lines of Weakness is only provided on the first fold over.13.The ring-like elastic belt of Claim 12 wherein each side seam comprises a front side and a back side, wherein the Side Seam Lines of Weakness and Fold Over Lines of Weakness are only provided on the front side or the back side of the side seam, and on the same side.14.The ring-like elastic belt of any of Claims 4-13 wherein the outer layer has a Material Breaking Point of less than about 8N / 25.4mm according to the measurements herein.15.The ring-like elastic belt of Claim 14 wherein the first substrate layer forming the outer layer has a higher basis weight than that of the second substrate layer.16.The ring-like elastic belt of any of Claims 14-15 wherein the first substrate layer is a nonwoven fabric made of air-through carded fibers.17.The ring-like elastic belt of any of the preceding claims wherein the elastic bodies are intermittently disposed in varying intervals, wherein the pattern of intervals of elastic bodies disposed on the front belt is different from the pattern of intervals of the elastic bodies disposed on the back belt.18.A method of manufacturing the ring-like elastic belt of any of the preceding claims, the method comprising the steps of:advancing a continuous first substrate layer in a machine direction, the continuous first substrate layer having a first surface and an opposing second surface and defining a width in a cross machine direction;advancing a continuous second substrate layer in the machine direction, the continuous second substrate layer having a first surface and an opposing second surface and having a smaller width than the continuous first substrate layer;advancing a first plurality of elastic bodies in the machine direction in a stretched state;joining the elastic bodies between the first surface of the continuous first substrate layer and the first surface of the continuous second substrate layer;cutting the assembly in the machine direction where the continuous first substrate layer and the continuous second substrate layer are overlayed to define a continuous front belt and a continuous back belt;a first opening step for providing a plurality of cut lines for forming the Side Seam Lines of Weakness on one of the continuous front belt or the continuous back belt, each of the cut lines of the Side Seam Lines of Weakness having a major dimension of from about 1mm to about 5mm and spaced apart in the longitudinal direction by about 1mm to about 5mm, and tilted against the lateral axis in an angle of from about 15degrees to about 45degrees, preferably from about 25degrees to about 40 degrees; andfolding the continuous first substrate layer along the machine direction of at least one of the continuous front belt and the continuous back belt, the folded portion of the continuous first substrate layer defining a continuous first fold over region;overlaying the continuous front belt and the continuous back belt such that the cross machine direction edges of the continuous front belt and the continuous back belt are matched;intermittently seaming the obtained assembly by directing a jet of heated air to at least partially melt the substrates of the continuous front belt and the substrates of the continuous back belt in a side seam region, and compressing the melted portions.19.The method of Claim 18 wherein the belt comprises a Fold Over Lines of Weakness provided adjacent the side seam, wherein the Fold Over Lines of Weakness is only provided on the first fold over region, the method further comprising:a second opening step for providing a plurality of cut lines for forming the Fold Over Lines of Weakness adjacent the side seam region provided with the Side Seam Lines of Weakness, each of the cut lines of the Fold Over Lines of Weakness having a major dimension of from about 1mm to about 5mm and spaced apart in the longitudinal direction by about 1mm to about 5mm, and tilted against the lateral axis in an angle of from about 15degrees to about 45degrees, preferably from about 25degrees to about 40degrees.20.The method of Claim 18 or 19 further comprising a deactivating step for deactivating at least some of the first plurality of elastic bodies by pressing a plurality of blades against the first plurality of elastic bodies, wherein the deactivation step and the first opening step as well as the optional second opening step are provided simultaneously.