Technologies for initial access mode operation
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-06
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-13
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Figure CN2025076054_13082026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNOLOGIES FOR INITIAL ACCESS MODE OPERATIONTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] This application relates generally to communication networks and, in particular, to performing paging and initial access.BACKGROUND
[0002] Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Technical Specifications (TSs) define standards for wireless networks. These TSs describe aspects related to user plane and control plane signaling over the networks.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0003] FIG. 1 illustrates a network environment in accordance with some embodiments.
[0004] FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a use case in accordance with some embodiments.
[0005] FIG. 3 illustrates an initial access mode in accordance with some embodiments.
[0006] FIG. 4 illustrates a signaling diagram in accordance with some embodiments.
[0007] FIG. 5 illustrates a mobility operation in accordance with some embodiments.
[0008] FIG. 6 illustrates another signaling diagram in accordance with some embodiments.
[0009] FIG. 7 illustrates another signaling diagram in accordance with some embodiments.
[0010] FIG. 8 illustrates an operation flow / algorithmic structure in accordance with some embodiments.
[0011] FIG. 9 illustrates another operation flow / algorithmic structure in accordance with some embodiments.
[0012] FIG. 10 illustrates another operation flow / algorithmic structure in accordance with some embodiments.
[0013] FIG. 11 illustrates a user equipment in accordance with some embodiments.
[0014] FIG. 12 illustrates a network node in accordance with some embodiments.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0015] The following detailed description refers to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numbers may be used in different drawings to identify the same or similar elements. In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth, such as particular structures, architectures, interfaces, and techniques to provide a thorough understanding of the various aspects of various embodiments. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art having the benefit of the present disclosure that the various aspects of the various embodiments may be practiced in other examples that depart from these specific details. In certain instances, descriptions of well-known devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the various embodiments with unnecessary detail. For the purposes of the present document, the phrases “A / B” and “A or B” mean (A) , (B) , or (A and B) ; and the phrase “based on A” means “based at least in part on A, ” for example, it could be “based solely on A” or it could be “based in part on A. ”
[0016] The following is a glossary of terms that may be used in this disclosure.
[0017] The term “circuitry, ” as used herein, refers to, is part of, or includes hardware components that are configured to provide the described functionality. The hardware components may include an electronic circuit, a logic circuit, a processor (shared, dedicated, or group) or memory (shared, dedicated, or group) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field-programmable device (FPD) (e.g., a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) , a programmable logic device (PLD) , a complex PLD (CPLD) , a high-capacity PLD (HCPLD) , a structured ASIC, or a programmable system-on-a-chip (SoC) ) , or a digital signal processor (DSP) . In some embodiments, the circuitry may execute one or more software or firmware programs to provide at least some of the described functionality. The term “circuitry” may also refer to a combination of one or more hardware elements (or a combination of circuits used in an electrical or electronic system) with the program code used to carry out the functionality of that program code. In these embodiments, the combination of hardware elements and program code may be referred to as a particular type of circuitry.
[0018] The term “processor circuitry, ” as used herein, refers to, is part of, or includes circuitry capable of sequentially and automatically carrying out a sequence of arithmetic or logical operations, recording, storing, or transferring digital data. The term “processor circuitry” may refer to an application processor, baseband processor, central processing unit (CPU) , graphics processing unit, single-core processor, dual-core processor, triple-core processor, quad-core processor, or any other device capable of executing or otherwise operating computer-executable instructions, such as program code, software modules, or functional processes.
[0019] The term “interface circuitry, ” as used herein, refers to, is part of, or includes circuitry that enables the exchange of information between two or more components or devices. The term “interface circuitry” may refer to one or more hardware interfaces, for example, buses, I / O interfaces, peripheral component interfaces, and network interface cards.
[0020] The term “user equipment” or “UE” as used herein refers to a device with radio communication capabilities that may allow a user to access network resources in a communications network. The term “user equipment” or “UE” may be considered synonymous to, and may be referred to as, client, mobile, mobile device, mobile terminal, user terminal, mobile unit, mobile station, mobile user, subscriber, user, remote station, access agent, user agent, receiver, radio equipment, reconfigurable radio equipment, or reconfigurable mobile device. Furthermore, the term “user equipment” or “UE” may include any type of wireless / wired device or any computing device, including a wireless communications interface.
[0021] The term “computer system, ” as used herein, refers to any type of interconnected electronic devices, computer devices, or components thereof. Additionally, the term “computer system” or “system” may refer to various components of a computer that are communicatively coupled with one another. Furthermore, the term “computer system” or “system” may refer to multiple computer devices or multiple computing systems that are communicatively coupled with one another and configured to share computing or networking resources.
[0022] The term “resource” as used herein refers to a physical or virtual device, a physical or virtual component or asset within a computing or network environment, or a physical or virtual component within, accessible by, or available to a device or component. Resources could include, but are not limited to, memory space / usage, processor / CPU time, processor / CPU usage, processor and accelerator loads, hardware time or usage, electrical power, input / output operations, ports or network sockets, channel / link allocations, throughput, or workload units. A “hardware resource” may refer to compute, storage, or networking resources provided by physical hardware elements. A “virtualized resource” may refer to compute, storage, or networking resources provided by virtualization infrastructure to an application, device, or system. The term “communication resource” may refer to resources that are accessible by, or available to, computer devices / systems for transferring information over a channel of a communication network. For example, communication resources may include, but are not limited to, time / frequency resources, code resources, modulation resources, etc. The term “system resources” may refer to any kind of shared entities to provide services and may include computing or network resources. System resources may be considered as a set of coherent functions, network data objects, or services accessible through a server where such system resources reside on a single host or multiple hosts and are clearly identifiable.
[0023] The term “channel, ” as used herein, refers to any transmission medium, either tangible or intangible, that is used to communicate data or a data stream. The term “channel” may be synonymous with or equivalent to “communications channel, ” “data communications channel, ” “transmission channel, ” “data transmission channel, ” “access channel, ” “data access channel, ” “link, ” “data link, ” “carrier, ” “radio-frequency carrier, ” or any other like term denoting a pathway or medium through which data is communicated. Additionally, the term “link, ” as used herein, refers to a connection between two devices for the purpose of transmitting and receiving information.
[0024] The terms “instantiate, ” “instantiation, ” and the like as used herein refers to the creation of an instance. An “instance” also refers to a concrete occurrence of an object, which may occur, for example, during the execution of program code.
[0025] The term “connected” may mean that two or more elements at a common communication protocol layer have an established signaling relationship with one another over a communication channel, link, interface, or reference point.
[0026] The term “network element, ” as used herein, refers to physical or virtualized equipment or infrastructure used to provide wired or wireless communication network services. The term “network element” may be considered synonymous with or referred to as a networked computer, networking hardware, network equipment, network node, or a virtualized network function.
[0027] The term “information element” refers to a structural element containing one or more fields. The term “field” refers to individual contents of an information element or a data element that contains content. An information element may include one or more additional information elements.
[0028] FIG. 1 illustrates a network environment 100 in accordance with some embodiments. The network environment 100 may include a UE 104 communicatively coupled with a base station 108 of a radio access network (RAN) 110. The UE 104 and the base station 108 may communicate over air interfaces compatible with 3GPP TSs, such as those that define a Fifth Generation (5G) new radio (NR) system or a later system. The base station 108 may provide user plane and control plane protocol terminations toward the UE 104.
[0029] Operations described herein as associated with devices of the network environment 100 (for example, the UE 104 and the base station 108) may be fully, substantially, or partially performed by processor circuitry of the device.
[0030] The network environment 100 may further include a core network 112. For example, the core network 112 may comprise a 5th Generation Core network (5GC) or a later generation core network. The core network 112 may be coupled to the base station 108 via a fiber optic or wireless backhaul. The core network 112 may provide functions for the UE 104 via the base station 108. These functions may include managing subscriber profile information, subscriber location, authentication of services, or switching functions for voice and data sessions.
[0031] The network environment 100 may further include a data network 120. Data network 120 may include a system of interconnected nodes that facilitate data transmission between UE 104 and various application servers and other service providers. The base station 108 and the core network 112 may route application data between the UE 104 and external data network 120 or application servers. These application servers host web applications, cloud storage, and multimedia streaming services, which communicate with the UE 104 via standardized protocols and interfaces defined by 3GPP, ensuring secure and efficient data exchange.
[0032] The network environment 100 operates based on various procedures and states that govern the interaction between the UE 104 and the network components, including the base station 108 and the core network 112. Among these procedures and states, the Radio Resource Control (RRC) states defines the operational behavior of UE 104 within the network 102. The RRC states determine how UE 104 interacts with the network, how mobility is managed, and how resources are allocated for signaling and data transfer. Transitioning into an appropriate RRC state begins with the initial access process, which allows the UE 104 to establish communication with the network.
[0033] When UE 104 is initially powered on or moves into a new radio access network, it begins in a disconnected state, with no active communication or context established between the UE 104 and the network 102. UE 104 may detect and synchronize with a nearby cell of the RAN 110 by acquiring system information broadcast by the base station 108. Once synchronized, the UE 104 may initiate the random access procedure by transmitting a random access preamble to request access to the network 102. The base station 108 may respond with timing alignment and resource allocation information, enabling the UE 104 to send a connection request message. This process may allow UE 104 to transition into an RRC state, which could be RRC connected, RRC idle, or RRC inactive states.
[0034] In RRC connected state, the UE 104 may establish an active connection with the network, enabling the exchange of user-plane and control-plane data. The base station 108 and core network 112 may maintain a dedicated context for the UE 104, including radio bearers and signaling connections. In contrast, the RRC idle state is characterized by minimal interaction between the UE 104 and the network 102. In this state, the UE 104 does not maintain active radio bearers, and its location may be tracked at the granularity of a Tracking Area (TA) , reducing signaling overhead while allowing the UE 104 to conserve power. The RRC inactive state may serve as a hybrid state. It enables the UE 104 to maintain its RRC context while releasing active radio bearers, allowing for faster resumption of communication compared to transitioning from RRC idle state, while still conserving network and device resources.
[0035] In both the RRC idle and RRC inactive states, the UE 104 may camp on a specific cell to monitor system information and receive paging messages. Camping may involve selecting and registering with a cell based on various criteria such as signal strength, quality, and suitability. The selected cell may serve as an anchor for the UE 104’s mobility and paging activities. Mobility in these states is managed through a process called cell reselection, where the UE 104 periodically evaluates neighboring cells and switches to a better-serving cell based on predefined criteria. For instance, the UE 104 may measure the signal strength and quality of nearby cells and apply priority-based ranking to determine the most suitable cell. While in the RRC idle state, mobility is managed at the TA level, enabling the network 102 to page the UE 104 across a larger area. In RRC inactive state, mobility management may incorporate mechanisms such as RAN Notification Area (RNA) updates, allowing the network 102 to track the UE 104 with finer granularity, e.g., than TA level, and reduced signaling overhead.
[0036] Paging is a mechanism that may allows the network 102 to notify UE 104 about incoming data or signaling while it is in the RRC idle or RRC inactive state. In a mobile terminated (MT) operation, the network 102 may initiate paging by transmitting a paging message over a designated channel during a specific time window, known as the Paging Occasion (PO) . For the UE 104 in the RRC idle state, paging messages may be broadcast across all cells within the Tracking Area associated with the UE 104, ensuring that the paging message is received regardless of the UE’s exact location within the area. For the UE 104 in the RRC inactive state, paging may be restricted to cells within the RNA, thereby reducing signaling overhead. Upon receiving a paging message, the UE 104 may initiate procedures to transition to the RRC connected state, enabling the network 102 to deliver the intended data or signaling.
[0037] Once the UE 104 receives a paging message, it may begin the initial access process to establish or resume communication with the network 102. This process may involve the random access procedure. After the initial exchange, the UE 104 may send a connection request message to the network, which may include an RRC Connection Request or RRC Resume Request, depending on its prior state. The network 102 may complete the procedure by transmitting an RRC Connection Setup or RRC Resume Response, enabling the UE 104 to transition to the RRC connected state and resume normal communication.
[0038] In contrast to the MT operation where the network 102 initiates paging, there are scenarios where the UE 104 itself may trigger paging in a Mobile-Originated (MO) operation. This typically occurs when the UE 104, in the RRC idle or RRC inactive state, needs to establish communication with the network 102 to transmit uplink data or signaling, such as when initiating a call, sending an application-layer message, or performing a periodic update. In such cases, the UE 104 may not wait for a paging message but instead initiates the random access procedure directly. The process begins with UE 104 transmitting a random access preamble to the network on the Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) . Upon receiving a response from the network, which includes timing alignment and an uplink resource grant, the UE 104 may send a message to request the establishment or resumption of its RRC connection. This may include an RRC Connection Request or RRC Resume Request, depending on the prior state of the UE 104. The network then processes the request and transitions the UE 104 to the RRC connected state, enabling it to send the intended data or signaling. This MO operation ensures that the UE 104 can autonomously initiate communication when required, even while operating in an idle or inactive state, and complements the network-initiated MT paging described previously.
[0039] In legacy systems, the paging operation and the initial access operation are performed on the same cell or frequency. In some embodiments, the UE 104 may be configured, by the network 102, with an initial access mode in which the UE 104 can perform the initial access on a frequency or cell which is different from the frequency or cell that the UE 104 is camped on in the RRC idle or inactive state. The network 102 may configure two frequency lists to the UE 104, e.g., the paging frequency list 135 and the initial access frequency list 145. The paging frequency list 135 may include one or more frequencies or cells for receiving paging messages. In some embodiments, the paging frequencies may be used for initial access. The initial access frequency list 145 may include one or more frequencies or cells used for initial access. The network 102 may also configure the UE 102 with an association between initial access and paging frequencies.
[0040] In some embodiments, when in RRC idle or inactive state, the UE 104 may perform the idle or inactive mobility amongst the paging frequencies in the paging frequency list 135. The UE 104 may perform the measurement and cell reselection amongst the frequencies in the paging frequency list 135, and camps on a paging frequency. The UE 104 may monitor for, receive, or process the paging message on a paging frequency of the paging frequency list 135.
[0041] In some embodiments, in response to receiving a paging message, the UE 104 may trigger the initial access. The UE 104 may switch from paging frequency to an initial access frequency from the initial access frequency list 145. The UE 104 may select the cell or frequency amongst the initial access frequency list 145 based on one or more criteria or condition. The UE 104 may measure or select the cell or frequency for initial access before the initial access is triggered. If the UE 104 finds a cell or frequency for initial access from within the initial access frequency list 145, the UE 104 may switch the serving cell to that cell and perform the initial access. However, if no cell on initial access frequency can be found, or the cell is not found within a time period, the UE 104 may perform the initial access in the frequency it received the paging message, e.g., the paging frequency or cell.
[0042] In some embodiments, when the UE 104 enters the RRC connected state, the UE 104 may store the paging frequency or cell associated with the RRC idle or inactive state. When the UE 104 is handover to a target cell, the UE 104 may receive configuration indicating the paging frequency or cell associated with the target cell. In case of radio link failure, or issues with the initial access frequency is detected, the UE 104 may recover the connection via the associated paging frequency.
[0043] FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a use case 200 in accordance with some embodiments. Use case 200 is an example use case of the system environment 100 implemented to operate low-power receiver / radio (LR) operation using a low-power (LP) -wakeup signal (WUS) .
[0044] The low-power operation illustrated in FIG. 2 may employ an LR for energy-efficient communication in scenarios where reduced power consumption is critical. The LR is designed to remain active while the main receiver / radio (MR) is in a dormant state, thereby conserving device battery life. The LR monitors for LP-WUSs, which are transmitted by network 102 to notify UE 104 of incoming paging messages or other signaling events. When an LP-WUS is detected, the LR activates the MR, enabling UE 104 to process subsequent operations such as paging or initial access.
[0045] In use case 200, the LR may operate on dedicated frequency resources that are optimized for low-power signaling. These LR frequencies may be configured by network 102 and communicated to the UE 104, e.g., through system information or dedicated signaling. For example, network 102 may send configuration messages associating the LR frequencies with the corresponding MR frequencies used for paging or initial access. The LR’s ability to monitor a separate set of frequencies may enable the UE 104 to conserve power by keeping the MR inactive until necessary.
[0046] The LR may specifically be tailored for low-power and long-duration monitoring of wake-up signals, while the MR may be designed for high-performance communication. The LR may operate on frequency bands that are suitable for energy-efficient operation and robust signal propagation. These frequencies may bey used for receiving LP-WUS or paging signals over extended periods, enabling UE 104 to remain reachable without engaging the power-intensive MR. When an LP-WUS is received, the LR may trigger the MR to wake up and handle higher-level communication tasks.
[0047] The MR, on the other hand, may serve as the primary communication interface for the UE 104, supporting higher data rates and more complex signaling operations. The MR may operate on frequency bands that are suitable for throughput and latency, allowing the UE 104 to perform tasks such as paging decoding, initial access, and data exchange. Once activated by the LR, the MR can synchronize with the network 102, process paging messages, and transition UE 104 into an appropriate RRC state, such as RRC connected state.
[0048] For example, the UE 104 may be configured with three frequencies or cells, e.g., F 210 associated with cell 215, F 220 associated with cell 225, and F 230 associated with cell 235. The network 102 may configured the LR to operate on F 210 cell 215, and the MR to operate on all three frequencies or cells. The LP-WUS may be associated with a cell, e.g., the cell that is functionally linked to the LP-WUS and is responsible for providing the subsequent network services to the UE 104 after the wake-up procedure.
[0049] The potential deployment of LP-WUS may be impacted by the restricted capabilities of the UE 104. In a deployment scenario where multiple frequencies overlap (e.g., F 210, F 220, and F 230) , the network 102 may deploy LP-WUS only on a specific frequency band (e.g., F 210 associated with cell 215) to optimize resource usage and simplify operations. Two LP-WUS deployment scenarios may exist.
[0050] In Scenario 1, LP-WUS and the associated cell may be deployed on the same frequency or cell, meaning that the LR and MR of the UE 104 operate on that same frequency. For example, LR and MR operate on F 210 and cell 215.
[0051] In Scenario 2, LP-WUS and the associated cell are deployed on different frequencies, requiring the LR and MR of the UE 104 to operate on separate frequencies. For example, LR is on F 210 and MR operates on F 210, 220, 230, or equivalently on cells 215, 225, or 235, respectively.
[0052] In some instances, if low-power receiver support only subset of the bands supported by the main receiver and if LP-WUS, paging and random access channel (RACH) operation are executed in the LP-WUS bands, it might lead to overload of the LP-WUS bands. It is beneficial for the LP-WUS capable UEs to camp on the band supported by LR, and the network 102 may offload LP capable UEs to LR bands.
[0053] The following three options may be used to deploy LP-WUS. In option 1, MR may be prioritized, e.g., via system information block (SIB) , to camp on the same band as LR. Paging operation, RACH operation, and reception of system information may be performed by the LR.
[0054] In option 2, MR may be prioritized to camp on the same band as LR. The reception of system information and paging operation may be performed on the LR band, and RACH operation may be performed on another MR band based on reselection criteria.
[0055] In option 3, MR may not be prioritized to camp on the same band as LR but may be redirected via dedicated signaling depending on LR band load. In some instance it is up to the network 102 decision or implementation.
[0056] In option 4, MR may perform reception of system information, paging operation, or RACH operation. MR may be camped on a different band than LR and LR can wake up MR on the band it is camped on.
[0057] In some embodiments, to implement option 2, the UE 104 may be configured with two frequency sets: a first paging frequency set for paging operation to be performed by the LR, and a second initial access frequency set for initial access operation to be performed by MR.
[0058] In one example, the UE 104 may be in idle or inactive state and equipped with MR and LR operating in different frequencies. The MR may be switched on a deep sleep mode storing the information for initial access on the cell it is camping on, e.g., F 220 or cell 225, and other system information. LR may perform monitoring for LP-WUS on LR band, F 210 or cell 215. The UE 104 may wake in the PO associated with the LR band, and the LR may proceed to wake up the MR in this band. MR may perform synchronization to the LR band and receive the paging message on this band, e.g., F 210 or cell 215. If the paging message is addressed to the UE 104, the MR may then re-synchronize to the band it was camping on, e.g., frequency F 220 or cell 225, which can be the same as the LR band or different (they are different bands in this example) . Upon synchronization and based on the stored configuration received from the previous access, the UE 104 may perform initial access to the band it was camping on, e.g., frequency F 220 or cell 225.
[0059] FIG. 3 illustrates an initial access mode 300 in accordance with some embodiments. Initial access mode 300 is an example of option 2 describe camping and performing paging operation on one frequency band and performing initial access on a different band.
[0060] The UE 104 is configured with a first cell or frequency band for camping while in an idle or inactive state. For example, while the UE 104 is in an RRC idle or inactive state, it may camp on cell 310 or frequency F 315, e.g., at 700 megahertz (MHz) . The UE 104 may monitor and receive paging message on the camping frequency, e.g., cell 310 or frequency F 315.
[0061] Upon receiving a paging message on cell 310 or frequency F 315, the UE 104 may trigger initial access. When the UE 104 initiate connection to the network 102, the UE 104 may reselect to another frequency, e.g., cell 320 or frequency F 325, e.g., at 3.5 gigahertz (GHz) , and perform the initial access. The UE 104 may transition to RRC connected state on the cell 320 or frequency F 325, on which the initial access was performed.
[0062] FIG. 4 illustrates a signaling diagram 400 in accordance with some embodiments. Signaling diagram 400 is an example of the overall procedure for the configured or enabled initial access mode. Signaling diagram 400 may involve the UE 104, a paging frequency F 410 or cell 412 covering a first area, a paging frequency F 410 or cell 414 covering a second area, an initial access frequency F 420 or cells 422 and 424 covering the first area, and the initial access frequency F 420 or cells 426 and 428 covering the second area.
[0063] At 420, the UE 104 is in an RRC idle or inactive state in the first area. The UE 104 may camp on frequency F 410 or cell 412. The UE 104 may monitor for a paging message on the camping frequency F 410. The UE 104 may be configured with a paging frequency list (e.g., paging frequency list 135) and an initial access frequency list (e.g., initial access frequency list 145) . For example, the paging frequency list may include F 410 and the initial access frequency list may include F 420.
[0064] The UE 104 may move out of the first area and into the second area. At 4250, the UE 104 may perform RRC idle or inactive mobility amongst the paging frequency list. The UE 104 may perform cell reselection and reselect and camp on cell 414 on frequency 410.
[0065] At 430, initial access is triggered by UE internal operation or by paging. UE internal operation may be receiving data or control traffic from higher layers. Alternatively, the UE 104 may receive a paging message on frequency F 410 on cell 414, where the UE 104 were camping.
[0066] At 435, the UE 104 may reselect the cell and switch to a cell or frequency in the initial access frequency list. For example, the location of the UE 104 may be covered by initial access frequency F 420 and cell 426. The UE 104 may determine that the cell 426 on frequency F 420 meets the reselection criteria. The UE 104 may reselect to frequency F 420 and cell 426.
[0067] At 440, the UE 104 may perform initial access, e.g., by performing RACH procedure. The UE 104 may establish connection with cell 426 on frequency 420. If no cell were found in operation performed at 435, the UE 104 may perform initial access on the paging frequency F 410 and cell 414.
[0068] At 445, the UE 104 may detect a radio link failure. The radio link failure may indicate a failure of the cell 426 on frequency F 420. Therefore, the UE 104 may not perform initial access procedure on F 420 or cell 426 to re-establish connection or perform connection recovery.
[0069] At 450, the UE 104 may fallback to the paging frequency F 410 on cell 414. The UE 104 may perform the connection recovery on paging frequency F 410 of cell 414.
[0070] At 455, the UE 104 connection is released. The UE 104 may transition to an RRC idle or inactive state. The UE 104 may camp on paging frequency F 410 on cell 414.
[0071] In some embodiments, the UE 104 may enable new initial access mod when at least of the following conditions are met.
[0072] The first condition may include the UE 104 supporting the new initial access mode. In one example, the UE capability parameter in a UE capability report may indicate whether the UE 104 supports the initial access mode. In another example, the initial access mode may be associated with another feature, e.g., LP-WUS, then support of the feature may indicate that the UE 104 supports the initial access mode. In some embodiments, the UE capability may provide additional information. In one example, the UE capability may include band-specific capability indicating frequencies supporting the initial access. In one example, the UE capability may include band combination capability related to the combination of the paging frequency and initial access frequency.
[0073] The second condition may include the network 102 providing the configuration related to the initial access mode. In one example, the network 102 may explicitly indicate enabling the initial access mode in the current serving cell. For example, the SIB may include a field that explicitly enable the initial access mode. In another example, the network 102 may provide configuration related to the initial access mode, e.g., the initial access frequency list or information, and configuring the initial access mode may implicitly enables it as well.
[0074] The third condition may include the network 102 configuring the UE 104 and allowing the UE 104 to enable the initial access mode. In one example, the network 102 may explicitly configure the UE 104 to enable the initial access mode via dedicate signaling, e.g., access stratum (AS) or non-access stratum (NAS) signaling. In another example, the network 102 may provide the initial access mode related configuration via UE dedicated signaling. Receiving the initial access mode related configuration by the UE 104 may signal to the UE 104 that it is permitted to enable the initial access mode.
[0075] In some embodiments, the UE 104 may apply the initial access mode configurations when the UE 104 transitions to the RRC idle or inactive state. In some instances, the initial access mode may be enabled based on whether the camping serving cell also supports the initial access mode. In some embodiments, the network 102 may explicitly or implicitly indicate to the UE 104 whether it supports the initial access mode.
[0076] In some embodiments, the UE 104 may enable the initial access mode when current serving cell provides the related configuration. The UE 104 may enable the initial access mode based on UE capability and the network configuration.
[0077] If the network 102 supports the initial access mode, the network 102 may configure two frequency lists to the UE 104. The network 102 may configure the UE 104 with the two frequency lists via dedicated signaling or broadcast signaling. The first frequency list may be a paging frequency list including one or more frequencies used for monitoring and receiving paging message. The second frequency list may be an initial access frequency list used including one or more frequencies used for initial access. In some instances, the network 102 may configure the UE 104 with association between frequencies in the initial access frequency list and paging frequencies in the paging frequency list. For example, the configuration may indicate that the paging frequency list includes {PF1, PF2, and PF3} indicating that the three frequency can be used for paging and the UE 104 may camp on them and monitor for paging message. The configuration may also include the initial access frequency list that includes {IF1, IF2, and IF3} that can be used for initial access. The configuration may also include association information between the paging frequencies and the initial access frequencies. For example, the configuration may indicate { (PF1, IF1) , (PF2, IF3) , and (PF3, IF3) } indicating that when the UE 104 receives the paging message on PF1 it may switch to IF1 to perform initial access; if the paging message is received on PF2, the UE 104 may switch to IF2 to perform initial access; or if the paging message is received on PF3, the UE 104 may switch to IF3 to perform the initial access.
[0078] In some embodiments, the configuration may include the priority or criteria associated with frequencies. For example, each configured frequency may be associated with a priority used for comparing, ranking, or selecting the frequency during the cell reselection operation. Alternatively or additionally, each configured frequency may be associated with a criteria, e.g., a threshold, that can be used for cell reselection. For example, PF1 may be associated with threshold Th1 and PF2 may be associated with threshold Th2, and the UE 104 may reselect PF1 when a measured reference signal received power (RSRP) on PF1 meets or exceeds Th1 and may reselect PF2 when a measured RSRP on PF2 meets or exceeds Th2.
[0079] The configuration of the initial access may be included in the broadcast signaling. In some embodiments, the existing frequency list in SIB 3, 4, or 5 may include the paging frequency list. An additional list may be added to SIB for the initial access frequency list. The initial access frequency list may be added to SIB 1, 3, 4, 5 or some other SIBs.
[0080] Alternatively or additionally, in the existing frequency list in SIB 3, 4, or 5 an additional field can be added to each frequency entry to indicate a purpose associated with that frequency. The purpose may indicate whether the frequency is used for paging or initial access. Once received by the UE 104 that supports the initial access mode, the UE 104 may split the list into tow lists based on the purpose information. The legacy UE may treat the existing frequency list for both paging and initial access purposes.
[0081] Alternatively or additionally, in addition to the existing frequency list in SIB, two new lists, one for paging frequency list, and the other for initial access list can be added to a SIB. The two lists may be used by the UE 104 supporting the initial access mode and may be ignored by legacy UEs.
[0082] The network 102 may configure association between the paging frequencies and initial access frequencies. In one example, the network 102 may provide the associated initial access frequency list under the paging frequency entry. For example, the paging frequency list may include { (PF1, {IF1, IF2} ) , (PF2, {IF2} ) } indicating that the paging frequency PF1 is associated with initial access frequencies IF1 and IF2, and the paging frequency PF2 is associated with the initial access frequency IF2. In another example, the network 102 may provide the associated paging frequency information under the initial access frequency entry. For example, the initial access frequency list may include { (IF1, PF1) , (IF2, {PF1, PF2} ) } indicating that the initial access frequency IF1 is associated with the paging frequency PF1 and the initial access frequency IF2 is associated with the paging frequencies PF1 and PF2. Alternatively or additionally, another list may provide the association in the list. For example, the configuration may include a paging frequency list {PF1, PF2} , an initial access frequency list {IF1, IF2} and an association list { (PF1, {IF1, IF2} ) , (PF2, IF2) } . In some examples, the association of two frequencies may be based on some condition, e.g., time duration, or location. The configuration may include the condition. For example, the configuration may indicate (PF2, IF2, T) , indicating that PF2 is associated with IF2 for duration identified by T.
[0083] In some embodiments, the network 102 may provide a dedicated configuration to the UE 104 about the frequency lists including the priority for both frequency lists. The dedicated signaling may include conditions or criteria, e.g., threshold used for cell reselection associated with each frequency. The UE 104 in idle or inactive state may prioritize frequencies using the dedicated frequency information.
[0084] FIG. 5 illustrates a mobility operation 500 in accordance with some embodiments. The mobility operation 500 illustrates an example in which UE 104, while in RRC idle or inactive state, moves from location A to location B.
[0085] Procedurally, the UE 104 may perform the idle or inactive mobility criteria amongst the paging frequencies that are configured in the paging frequency list. In some instances, the UE 104 may not consider the initial access frequencies during the cell selection or reselection. In some instances, during the cell selection or reselection, the UE 104 may not consider the frequencies that are only used for initial access. In other examples, the UE may deprioritize all the initial access only frequencies during the cell selection or reselection. The UE 104 may only consider them when there is no cell on any paging frequencies that meets the criteria for the UE 104 to camp on. Below is an example of the procedure described above.
[0086] While in location A, the UE 104 is configured and covered by paging frequencies F 510 and F 520. The paging frequency F 510 is associated with cell 512, and the paging frequency F 520 is associated with cell 522. At location A, the UE 104 is also configured and covered by the initial access frequency F 530. The initial access frequency F 530 is associated with cell 534. At location A, the UE 104 may perform the cell selection or cell reselection amongst the paging frequencies {F 510, F 520} . The initial access frequency, F 530, may not be considered during the cell selection or cell reselection, or it may have the lowest priority to be considered. In this example, the UE 104 may identify cell 522 in frequency F 520 meeting the cell reselection criteria, switch to this cell, and camp on it.
[0087] At some point in time, the UE 104 may move from location A to location B. The UE 104 may perform cell selection or cell reselection amongst the paging frequencies {F 510, F 520} . However, the paging frequencies may not have a coverage in location B and neither may meet the cell selection or cell reselection criteria. The UE 104 may not fund a suitable cell in the paging frequency list. The UE 104 may search the cells on initial access frequencies, e.g., F 530, and may determine that the cell 535 on frequency F 530 meets the cell selection or cell reselection criteria and is a candidate cell for cell reselection. The UE 104 may switch to cell 535 and camp on it.
[0088] The UE 104 may camp on the cell deployed on the paging frequency and may receive the paging message. In one example, for LP-WUS UE 104, the UE 104 may monitor the LP-WUS and the paging on the same frequency. When the UE 104 receives the paging message, the UE 104 may trigger the initial access via the selected initial access frequency. The initial access frequency selection may be performed before or after the UE 104 receives the paging message. In some instances, when the UE 104 cannot find the initial access frequency with good quality or within a configure or predetermined time window, the UE 104 may start the initial access via the current cell on paging frequency.
[0089] In some embodiments, the cell or frequency on which the network 102 pages the UE 104 and the cell or frequency for initial access may be in the same RA area (e.g., for network initiated paging) or the same RNA area (e.g., for RAN initiated paging) . This may ensure the paging procedure so be successful, e.g., same RAN 110 or core network 112 may handle the paging and paging response) .
[0090] In some embodiments, the network 102 may prioritize paging the UE 104 over the paging frequency. For the LP-WUS capable UE, e.g., the UE 104, the network 102 may prioritize paging the UE 104 over LR frequency. Core network 112 or RAN 110 may receive information regarding whether the UE 104 supports or has enable the initial access mode and may have the information associated with the paging frequency of the UE 104. In case of core network-initiated paging, the core network 112 may inform the RAN 110 the prioritized paging frequency information in paging assistance information. In some instances, the network 102 may use paging to trigger some UEs to reselect the cell to the initial access frequency, e.g., for load balancing.
[0091] FIG. 6 illustrates another signaling diagram 600 in accordance with some embodiments. Signaling diagram 600 is an example of a core network-initiated paging. The signaling diagram 600 may involve the UE 104, paging frequency F 610 associated with cell 612 and initial access frequency F 620 associated with cell 622 that are managed by the RAN 110, and access control and mobility management function (AMF) 630. The AMF 630 may be responsible for managing user authentication, registration, mobility, and connection signaling between the UE 104 and the network 102. AMF 630 may coordinate with other core network elements such as the session management function (SMF) and the policy control function (PCF) to provide seamless mobility, session management, and secure access to network services.
[0092] At 620, the UE 104 may camp on frequency F 610 and cell 612.
[0093] At 625, the AMF 630 may send a paging message to the UE 104. The paging message may include UE 104 paging information, e.g., prioritize the paging frequency. The RAN 110 on frequency F 610 and cell 612 may receive the paging message from the AMF 630 and forward it to the UE 104.
[0094] At 630, the paging message may trigger the initial access at the UE 104.
[0095] At 635, the UE 104 may reselect and switch to the initial access frequency F 620 and cell 622. The UE 104 may perform the initial access on cell 622 and frequency F 620.
[0096] At 640, the RAN 110 from cell 622 may send a paging response, e.g., a scheduling request, to the AMF 630.
[0097] At 645, a NAS or AS connection is stablished between the UE 104 and the AMF 630 for transferring the AMF 630 data or control information.
[0098] The paging frequency 610 and corresponding cell 612 and the initial access frequency 620 and cell 622 may be in the same RA or TA. The restriction can be reflected or configured by the following to options. In option 1, the restriction is applied on the configuration of the association of the two frequencies. For example, the network 102 may associated the initial access frequencies with paging frequencies only if they are in the same RA or TA. In option 2, the restriction may be applied when the UE 104 selects the initial access cell. For example, the UE 104 may check whether the target cell is in the same RA or TA.
[0099] The AMF 630 may provide the RAN 110 with information associated with the UE 104’s initial access mode and prioritize paging the UE 104 via paging frequency. For example, the AMF 630 may send the UE 104’s information to the RAN 110 in a paging assistance information.
[0100] FIG. 7 illustrates another signaling diagram 700 in accordance with some embodiments. Signaling diagram 700 is an example of a RAN-initiated paging. The signaling diagram 700 may involve the UE 104, paging frequency F 710 associated with cell 712 and initial access frequency F 720 associated with cell 722 that are managed by the RAN 110.
[0101] At 720, the UE 104 may camp on frequency F 710 and cell 712.
[0102] At 725, the RAN 110 on frequency F 610 and cell 612 may send a paging message to the UE 104.
[0103] At 730, the paging message may trigger the initial access at the UE 104.
[0104] At 735, the UE 104 may reselect and switch to the initial access frequency F 720 and cell 722. The UE 104 may perform the initial access on cell 722 and frequency F 720.
[0105] At 740, an RRC connection between the UE 104 and the RAN 110 is established.
[0106] The paging frequency 710 and cell 712 and the initial access frequency 720 and cell 722 may be in the same RNA. The restriction may be configured in the following two options. In option 1, the restriction may be applied on the configuration of the association of two frequencies. In option 2, the restriction may be applied when the UE 104 selects the initial access. The UE 104 may check whether the target frequency F 720 or cell 722 is in the same RNA. The RAN 110 may identify the paging UE’s initial access mode, and prioritize paging the UE 104 via paging frequency.
[0107] FIG. 8 illustrates an operation flow / algorithmic structure 800 in accordance with some embodiments. The operation flow / algorithmic structure 800 may be performed or implemented by a UE such as, for example, the UE 104 or UE 1100; or components thereof, for example, baseband processor circuitry 1104A.
[0108] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 800 may include, at 830, camping on paging frequency. The operation 800 may cause the UE 104 to camp on the camping frequency F 810 or cell 812. The camping frequency may be configured by the network 102 in a camping frequency list.
[0109] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 800 may include, at 835, triggering the initial access. The UE 104 internal data or control traffic or receiving a paging on the paging frequency may trigger initial access. The UE 104 may trigger the initial access in MT case when the UE 104 receives the paging or decides to trigger the initial access. The UE 104 may trigger the initial access in the MO case when internal data transmission requests from upper layers, or a NAS or AS request are received. In some instances on demand system information request, small data transmission (SDT) procedure, or other information may be delivered in idle or inactive state that may trigger initial access.
[0110] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 800 may include, at 840, determining whether initial access type or event is configured for the initial access mode. UE 104 may decide whether to consider the initial access on a different frequency based on the initial access type (e.g., contention-based, contention-free, grant-free, two-step random access, beam-specific, SDT, early data transmission (EDT) , conditional, or access in non-terrestrial networks) . The UE 104 may be configured to apply initial access mode to none, one, some, or all of the initial access types or events. The network 102 may provide the initial access mode indication under each UE access control (UAC) parameter. UE 104 may use the UAC parameter in paging cell’s SIB or in the initial access cell’s SIB. The UE 104, based on the selected UAC parameter, may decide whether the initial access mode is allowed or not. For example, barring information in UAC may bar the UE 104 from accessing a configured paging or initial access frequency or cell. Based on a determination that the initial access type or event is configured for the initial access mode, the operation flow 800 may continue at 845. Based on a determination that the initial access type or event is not configured for the initial access mode, the operation flow 800 may continue at 865.
[0111] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 800 may include, at 845, performing initial access cell selection. The operation flow 800 may cause the UE 104 to obtain system information of the cells or frequencies in the initial access frequency list and search for a suitable candidate cell or frequency to switch to. The UE 104 may perform cell selection on the initial access frequencies. The selection criteria may be configured together with the initial access frequency list, e.g., the threshold associated with cell selection or reselection for each frequency or cell.
[0112] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 800 may include, at 850, determining whether initial access cell is found. The operation 800 may cause the UE 104 to measure amongst the initial access frequencies, and find the cell that meet the selection criteria. For the selected cell, the UE 104 may acquire the system information to check whether the cell can be used for initial access. Based on determination that the initial access cell is found, the operation flow 800 may continue at 855. Based on a determination that the initial access cell is not found, the operation flow 800 may continue at 865.
[0113] The UE 104 may perform the measurement on initial access frequency before or after the UE 104 triggers the initial access. Whether the UE 104 performs the measurement before initial access is triggered may be up to UE implementation.
[0114] To perform the measurement, the operation flow 800 may cause the UE 104 to perform the measurement following the frequency priority, e.g., the UE 104 may first measure the frequency having the highest priority, if no cell found, then measure the second highest priority cell, etc. Alternatively or additionally, the network 102 may explicitly indicate the frequency for the latest initial access via downlink signaling, e.g., common layer 1 (L1) , layer 2 (L2) , or layer 3 (L3) signaling, or in paging message. The criteria for cell selection may be based on the R-criteria (e.g., when ranking of the neighbor cell is larger than ranking of the serving cell, where ranking may be based on an RSRP measurement) or S-criteria (based on cell selection received level “Srxlev” or cell selection quality “Squal” parameters as define in the 3GPP TSs) .
[0115] The UE 104 may acquire the system information, e.g. in SIB or master information block (MIB) , of the selected cell and check whether the cell can be used for initial access. The cell may be selected for initial access when: 1) the cell is not barred for the UE 104 or the type of the UE 104, 2) the cell belongs to the same RA, TA, or RNA as the paging cell, or 3) the cell supports the UE’s access including the service type, slicing information, etc.
[0116] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 800 may include, at 855, setting the identified initial access cell as the serving cell. When the UE 104 finds the cell 522 on frequency F 520 for initial access, the operation 800 may cause the UE 104 to switch the serving cell to that cell and perform the initial access.
[0117] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 800 may include, at 860, performing the initial access on the initial access cell 822 on frequency F 820.
[0118] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 800 may include, at 860, keeping the paging frequency as serving cell. When the initial access mode is not configured or the initial access cell or frequency is not found, the operation flow 800 may cause the UE 104 to keep the paging frequency on which it was camped as serving cell.
[0119] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 800 may include, at 865, performing initial access. The UE 104 may perform the initial access on the paging frequency 810 or cell 812. In some instance, when the UE 104 cannot find the cell for initial access, e.g., within X milliseconds (ms) after triggering the initial access, the UE 104 may perform the initial access via the current serving cell on paging frequency.
[0120] FIG. 9 illustrates an operation flow / algorithmic structure 900 in accordance with some embodiments. The operation flow / algorithmic structure 900 may be performed or implemented by a UE such as, for example, the UE 104 or UE 1100; or components thereof, for example, baseband processor circuitry 1104A.
[0121] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 900 may include, at 910, identifying a parameter indicative of supporting an initial access mode. The parameter may be an explicit UE capability indicating support of the initial access mode or may be implicitly indicating supporting a feature, e.g., LP-WUS, that supports or utilizes the initial access mode. The initial access mode may utilize receiving and processing paging message on one frequency or cell and performing initial access mode on another frequency or cell.
[0122] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 900 may include, at 920, processing a configuration received from the network 102. The configuration may indicate a first list of one or more paging frequencies. In one example, the paging frequencies may be used only for paging operation. In another example, the paging frequencies may be used for paging operation and performing initial access operations. The configuration may also include a second list of one or more initial access frequencies. The second list and first list may be different, e.g., at least one entry in the first list may not be found in the second list, or at least one entry in the second list may not be found in the first list.
[0123] In some embodiments, the operation 900 may include camping on a paging cell of the list of one or more paging frequencies while in RRC idle or inactive state. During the camping on paging cell, the operation 900 may perform measurement of channel condition or quality of paging frequencies or initial access frequencies configured in the first list or the second list of frequencies. The operation 900 may include performing mobility cell reselection amongst the one or more paging frequencies of the first list. For example, the criteria for cell reselection, e.g., R-criteria or S-criteria, may be checked and upon determination that the reselection criteria is met, an idle or inactive mobility cell reselection may be performed to switch the camping cell to a target selected cell.
[0124] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 900 may include, at 930, enabling the initial access mode. The enabling of the initial access mode may be based on the parameter, e.g., UE capability, or the configuration, e.g., explicit or implicit network 102 configuration.
[0125] In some embodiments, the operation 900 may include receiving or processing a paging message on the paging frequency of the one or more paging frequencies in the first list. Receiving the paging message may trigger the initial access. In response to triggering the initial access, the operation 900 may include performing a search amongst the one or more configured initial access frequencies in the second list. If the search resulted in finding a candidate initial access frequency, initial access operation may be performed on the identified candidate initial access frequency, otherwise, initial access operation may be performed on the paging frequency on which the paging message was received.
[0126] In some embodiments, searching amongst the one or more initial access frequencies may include performing measurement on the initial access frequencies of the second list. Based on the measurement and selection condition or criteria, the operation 900 may include determining the measurement of a candidate initial access frequency that meets the condition or selection criteria. The system information, e.g., information block, of the candidate initial access frequency may be obtained to determine whether the candidate initial access frequence can be used for the initial access operation. For example, UAC information in the system information block of the candidate initial access frequency may prohibit the UE 104’s access to the candidate initial access frequency / cell. In some example, the candidate initial access cell or frequency may be used if it is in the same RA, TA, or RNA with the paging cell on which the UE 104 was camping and the paging message was received on it.
[0127] FIG. 10 illustrates an operational flow / algorithmic structure 1000 in accordance with some embodiments. The operation flow / algorithmic structure 1000 may be performed or implemented by a base station such as, for example, the base station 108 or the base station 1200; or components thereof, for example, baseband processor circuitry 1204A.
[0128] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 1000 may include, at 1010, processing a UE capability received from the UE 104. The UE capability may indicate that the UE 104 supports an initial access mode that is associated with performing a paging and an initial access on different frequencies.
[0129] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 1000 may include, at 1020, generating a configuration for transmission to the UE 104. Based on the UE capability, a configuration may be generated and transmitted to the UE 104. The configuration may indicate a first list of frequency including one or more paging frequencies. In one example, the paging frequencies in the first list may be used for paging operation. In another example, the paging frequencies in the first list may be used for paging operation and initial access operation. In some embodiments, the configuration may include an association between the paging frequencies in the first list and initial access frequencies in the second list.
[0130] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 1000 may include, at 1030, performing the paging on a paging frequency of the one or more paging frequencies. Performing the paging may include generating or transmitting a paging message to the UE 104.
[0131] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 1000 may include, at 1040, processing an initial access message received from the UE 104 on a initial access frequency of the configured one or more initial access frequencies in the second list.
[0132] FIG. 11 illustrates a UE 1100 in accordance with some embodiments. The UE 1100 may be similar to and substantially interchangeable with the UE 104.
[0133] The UE 1100 may be any mobile or non-mobile computing device, such as, for example, mobile phones, computers, tablets, industrial wireless sensors (for example, microphones, carbon dioxide sensors, pressure sensors, humidity sensors, thermometers, motion sensors, accelerometers, laser scanners, fluid level sensors, inventory sensors, electric voltage / current meters, or actuators) , video surveillance / monitoring devices (for example, cameras or video cameras) , wearable devices (for example, a smartwatch) , or Internet-of-things devices.
[0134] The UE 1100 may include processors 1104, RF interface circuitry 1108, memory / storage 1112, user interface 1116, sensors 1120, driver circuitry 1122, power management integrated circuit (PMIC) 1124, antenna 1126, and battery 1128. The components of the UE 1100 may be implemented as integrated circuits (ICs) , portions thereof, discrete electronic devices, or other modules, logic, hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. The block diagram of FIG. 11 is intended to show a high-level view of some of the components of the UE 1100. However, some of the components shown may be omitted, additional components may be present, and different arrangements of the components shown may occur in other implementations.
[0135] The components of the UE 1100 may be coupled with various other components over one or more interconnects 1132, which may represent any type of interface, input / output, bus (local, system, or expansion) , transmission line, trace, or optical connection that allows various circuit components (on common or different chips or chipsets) to interact with one another.
[0136] The processors 1104 may include processor circuitry such as, for example, baseband processor circuitry (BB) 1104A, central processor unit circuitry (CPU) 1104B, and graphics processor unit circuitry (GPU) 1104C. The processors 1104 may include any type of circuitry or processor circuitry that executes or otherwise operates computer-executable instructions, such as program code, software modules, or functional processes from memory / storage 1112 to cause the UE 1100 to perform operations as described herein. The processors 1104 may also include interface circuitry 1104D to communicatively couple the processor circuitry with one or more other components of the UE 1100.
[0137] In some embodiments, the baseband processor circuitry 1104A may access a communication protocol stack 1136 in the memory / storage 1112 to communicate over a 3GPP-compatible network. In general, the baseband processor circuitry 1104A may access the communication protocol stack 1136 to: perform user plane functions at a PHY layer, MAC layer, RLC layer, PDCP layer, SDAP layer, and PDU layer; and perform control plane functions at a PHY layer, MAC layer, RLC layer, PDCP layer, RRC layer, and a NAS layer. In some embodiments, the PHY layer operations may additionally / alternatively be performed by the components of the RF interface circuitry 1108.
[0138] The baseband processor circuitry 1104A may generate or process baseband signals or waveforms that carry information in 3GPP-compatible networks. In some embodiments, the waveforms for NR may be based on cyclic prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM) in the uplink or downlink, and discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM) in the uplink.
[0139] The memory / storage 1112 may include one or more non-transitory, computer-readable media that includes instructions (for example, communication protocol stack 1136) that may be executed by one or more of the processors 1104 to cause the UE 1100 to perform various operations described herein.
[0140] The memory / storage 1112 includes any type of volatile or non-volatile memory that may be distributed throughout the UE 1100. In some embodiments, some of the memory / storage 1112 may be located on the processors 1104 themselves (for example, memory / storage 1112 may be part of a chipset that corresponds to the baseband processor circuitry 1104A) , while other memory / storage 1112 is external to the processors 1104 but accessible thereto via a memory interface. The memory / storage 1112 may include any suitable volatile or non-volatile memory such as, but not limited to, dynamic random access memory (DRAM) , static random access memory (SRAM) , erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM) , electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM) , Flash memory, solid-state memory, or any other type of memory device technology.
[0141] The RF interface circuitry 1108 may include transceiver circuitry and a radio frequency front module (RFEM) that allows the UE 1100 to communicate with other devices over a radio access network. The RF interface circuitry 1108 may include various elements arranged in transmit or receive paths. These elements may include, for example, switches, mixers, amplifiers, filters, synthesizer circuitry, and control circuitry.
[0142] In the receive path, the RFEM may receive a radiated signal from an air interface via antenna 1126 and proceed to filter and amplify (with a low-noise amplifier) the signal. The signal may be provided to a receiver of the transceiver that down-converts the RF signal into a baseband signal that is provided to the baseband processor of the processors 1104.
[0143] In the transmit path, the transmitter of the transceiver up-converts the baseband signal received from the baseband processor and provides the RF signal to the RFEM. The RFEM may amplify the RF signal through a power amplifier prior to the signal being radiated across the air interface via the antenna 1126.
[0144] In various embodiments, the RF interface circuitry 1108 may be configured to transmit / receive signals in a manner compatible with NR access technologies.
[0145] The antenna 1126 may include antenna elements to convert electrical signals into radio waves to travel through the air and to convert received radio waves into electrical signals. The antenna elements may be arranged into one or more antenna panels. The antenna 1126 may have antenna panels that are omnidirectional, directional, or a combination thereof to enable beamforming and multiple input, multiple output communications. The antenna 1126 may include microstrip antennas, printed antennas fabricated on the surface of one or more printed circuit boards, patch antennas, or phased array antennas. The antenna 1126 may have one or more panels designed for specific frequency bands including bands in FR1 or FR2.
[0146] The user interface 1116 includes various input / output (I / O) devices designed to enable user interaction with the UE 1100. The user interface 1116 includes input device circuitry and output device circuitry. Input device circuitry includes any physical or virtual means for accepting an input including, inter alia, one or more physical or virtual buttons (for example, a reset button) , a physical keyboard, keypad, mouse, touchpad, touchscreen, microphones, scanner, headset, or the like. The output device circuitry includes any physical or virtual means for showing information or otherwise conveying information, such as sensor readings, actuator position (s) , or other like information. Output device circuitry may include any number or combinations of audio or visual display, including, inter alia, one or more simple visual outputs / indicators (for example, binary status indicators such as light emitting diodes (LEDs) and multi-character visual outputs, or more complex outputs such as display devices or touchscreens (for example, liquid crystal displays (LCDs) , LED displays, quantum dot displays, and projectors) , with the output of characters, graphics, multimedia objects, and the like being generated or produced from the operation of the UE 1100.
[0147] The sensors 1120 may include devices, modules, or subsystems whose purpose is to detect events or changes in their environment and send the information (sensor data) about the detected events to some other device, module, or subsystem. Examples of such sensors include inertia measurement units comprising accelerometers, gyroscopes, or magnetometers; microelectromechanical systems or nanoelectromechanical systems comprising 3-axis accelerometers, 3-axis gyroscopes, or magnetometers; level sensors; flow sensors; temperature sensors (for example, thermistors) ; pressure sensors; barometric pressure sensors; gravimeters; altimeters; image capture devices (for example, cameras or lensless apertures) ; light detection and ranging sensors; proximity sensors (for example, infrared radiation detector and the like) ; depth sensors; ambient light sensors; ultrasonic transceivers; and microphones or other like audio capture devices.
[0148] The driver circuitry 1122 may include software and hardware elements that operate to control particular devices that are embedded in the UE 1100, attached to the UE 1100, or otherwise communicatively coupled with the UE 1100. The driver circuitry 1122 may include individual drivers allowing other components to interact with or control various input / output (I / O) devices that may be present within or connected to the UE 1100. For example, driver circuitry 1122 may include a display driver to control and allow access to a display device, a touchscreen driver to control and allow access to a touchscreen interface, sensor drivers to obtain sensor readings of sensors 1120, and control and allow access to sensors 1120, drivers to obtain actuator positions of electro-mechanic components or control and allow access to the electro-mechanic components, a camera driver to control and allow access to an embedded image capture device, audio drivers to control and allow access to one or more audio devices.
[0149] The PMIC 1124 may manage power provided to various components of the UE 1100. In particular, with respect to the processors 1104, the PMIC 1124 may control power-source selection, voltage scaling, battery charging, or DC-to-DC conversion.
[0150] A battery 1128 may power the UE 1100, although in some examples, the UE 1100 may be mounted deployed in a fixed location and may have a power supply coupled to an electrical grid. The battery 1128 may be a lithium-ion battery, a metal-air battery, such as a zinc-air battery, an aluminum-air battery, a lithium-air battery, and the like. In some implementations, such as in vehicle-based applications, the battery 1128 may be a typical lead-acid automotive battery.
[0151] FIG. 12 illustrates a network device 1200 in accordance with some embodiments. The network device 1200 may be similar to and substantially interchangeable with base station 108.
[0152] The network device 1200 may include processors 1204, RF interface circuitry 1208 (if implemented as a base station) , core network (CN) interface circuitry 1214, memory / storage circuitry 1212, and antenna structure 1226.
[0153] The components of the network device 1200 may be coupled with various other components over one or more interconnects 1228.
[0154] The processors 1204, RF interface circuitry 1208, memory / storage circuitry 1212 (including communication protocol stack 1210) , antenna structure 1226, and interconnects 1228 may be similar to like-named elements shown and described with respect to FIG. 11.
[0155] The processors 1204 may include processor circuitry such as, for example, baseband processor circuitry (BB) 1204A, central processor unit circuitry (CPU) 1204B, and graphics processor unit circuitry (GPU) 1204C. The processors 1204 may include any type of circuitry or processor circuitry that executes or otherwise operates computer-executable instructions, such as program code, software modules, or functional processes from memory / storage circuitry 1212 to cause the UE 1100 to perform operations as described herein. The processors 1204 may also include interface circuitry 1204D to communicatively couple the processor circuitry with one or more other components of the network device 1200.
[0156] The CN interface circuitry 1214 may provide connectivity to a core network, for example, a 5th Generation Core network (5GC) using a 5GC-compatible network interface protocol such as carrier Ethernet protocols or some other suitable protocol. Network connectivity may be provided to / from the network device 1200 via a fiber optic or wireless backhaul. The CN interface circuitry 1214 may include one or more dedicated processors or FPGAs to communicate using one or more of the aforementioned protocols. In some implementations, the CN interface circuitry 1214 may include multiple controllers to provide connectivity to other networks using the same or different protocols.
[0157] It is well understood that the use of personally identifiable information should follow privacy policies and practices generally recognized as meeting or exceeding industry or governmental requirements for maintaining users’ privacy. In particular, personally identifiable information data should be managed and handled so as to minimize risks of unintentional or unauthorized access or use, and the nature of authorized use should be clearly indicated to users.
[0158] For one or more embodiments, at least one of the components set forth in one or more of the preceding figures may be configured to perform one or more operations, techniques, processes, or methods as set forth in the example section below. For example, the baseband circuitry described above in connection with one or more of the preceding figures may be configured to operate according to one or more of the examples set forth below. For another example, circuitry associated with a UE, base station, or network element described above in connection with one or more of the preceding figures may be configured to operate according to one or more of the examples set forth below in the example section.EXAMPLES
[0159] In the following sections, further exemplary embodiments are provided.
[0160] Example 1 includes a method including: identifying a parameter indicative of supporting an initial access mode; processing a configuration received from a network, the configuration indicating a first list of one or more paging frequencies and a second list of one or more initial access frequencies associated with the initial access mode; and enabling, based on the parameter or the configuration, the initial access mode to receive a paging message on a paging frequency of the one or more paging frequencies and perform an initial access on an initial access frequency of the one or more initial access frequency.
[0161] Example 2 includes the method of example 1 or some other examples herein, wherein the first list is different from the second list.
[0162] Example 3 includes the method of examples 1 or 2 or some other examples herein, further including: camping, while in a radio resource control (RRC) idle state or an RRC inactive state, on the paging frequency of the one or more paging frequencies; and performing mobility cell reselection amongst the one or more paging frequencies of the first list.
[0163] Example 4 includes the method of any of examples 1-3 or some other examples herein, further including: receiving the paging message on the paging frequency of the one or more paging frequencies; triggering the initial access based on the paging message or a condition; and performing, based on said triggering the initial access, a search amongst the one or more initial access frequencies.
[0164] Example 5 includes the method of any of examples 1–4 or some other examples herein, further including: performing the initial access on the paging frequency based on determining that the search does not identify an initial access frequency of the one or more initial access frequency.
[0165] Example 6 includes the method of any of examples 1–5 or some other examples herein, wherein said triggering the initial access is based on a condition that includes: processing a transmission request from: an upper layer; a non-access stratum (NAS) ; or an access stratum (AS) .
[0166] Example 7 includes the method of any of examples 1–6 or some other examples herein, wherein said performing a search amongst the one or more initial access frequencies includes: performing a measurement of the initial access frequency of the initial access frequencies; determining the measurement of the initial access frequency of the one or more initial access frequencies that meets a criteria; acquiring an information block of the initial access frequency; and determining, based on the information block, whether the initial access frequency can be used for the initial access.
[0167] Example 8 includes the method of any of examples 1–7 or some other examples herein, wherein said determining that the measurement of the initial access frequency meets a criteria includes: determining based on the measurement, that a radio quality of the initial access frequency meets or exceeds a threshold.
[0168] Example 9 includes the method of any of examples 1–8 or some other examples herein, wherein said determining whether the initial access frequency can be used for initial access includes: determining whether the initial access frequency is barred for a user equipment (UE) ; determining the initial access frequency and the paging frequency are on a registration area (RA) , tracking area (TR) , or radio access network-based notification area (RNA) ; or determining the initial access frequency supports a service type or slicing information.
[0169] Example 10 includes the method of any of examples 1–9 or some other examples herein, further including: identifying based on the search, an initial access frequency of the one or more initial access frequencies; switching from the paging frequency to the initial access frequency; and performing an initial access on the initial access frequency.
[0170] Example 11 includes the method of any of examples 1–10 or some other examples herein, wherein the paging frequency and the initial access frequency are on a registration area, a tracking area, or a radio access network-based notification area (RNA) .
[0171] Example 12 includes the method of any of examples 1–11 or some other examples herein, further including: entering a radio resource control (RRC) connected state; performing a handover to a target cell; receiving information that identifies a paging frequency and an initial access frequency associated with the target cell; detecting a failure associated with the initial access frequency; and performing a connection recovery on the paging frequency.
[0172] Example 13 includes the method of any of examples 1–12 or some other examples herein, wherein the parameter is: a user equipment (UE) capability indicating that a UE supporting the initial access mode; or associated with a feature that supports the initial access.
[0173] Example 14 includes the method of any of examples 1–13 or some other examples herein, wherein the parameter is a user equipment (UE) capability indicating: a band-specific capability associated with the initial access mode; or a band combination capability identifying one or more combinations of paging frequencies and respective initial access frequencies.
[0174] Example 15 includes the method of any of examples 1–14 or some other examples herein, wherein the configuration explicitly enables the initial access mode in a current serving cell or implicitly enables the initial access mode by configuring the initial access mode.
[0175] Example 16 includes the method of any of examples 1–15 or some other examples herein, wherein the configuration includes an association between the first list and the second list.
[0176] Example 17 includes the method of any of examples 1–16 or some other examples herein, wherein each paging frequency in the first list is associated with a respective paging priority or first selection criteria, or each initial access frequency in the second list is associated with a respective initial access priority or second selection criteria.
[0177] Example 18 includes the method of any of examples 1–17 or some other examples herein, wherein: the first selection criteria is an R-criteria or an S-criteria; and the second selection criteria is an R-criteria or an S-criteria.
[0178] Example 19 includes the method of any of examples 1–18 or some other examples herein, wherein the first list and the second list are included in a system information block (SIB) .
[0179] Example 20 includes the method of any of examples 1–19 or some other examples herein, wherein the first list and the second list are combined in a set wherein each frequency in the set is associated with a respective purpose indicator, and the purpose indicator is to indicate whether the associated frequency is a paging frequency or an initial access frequency.
[0180] Example 21 includes the method of any of examples 1–20 or some other examples herein, wherein the configuration indicates an association between the one or more paging frequencies and the one or more initial access frequencies.
[0181] Example 22 includes the method of any of examples 1–21 or some other examples herein, wherein the association between the one or more paging frequencies and the one or more initial access frequencies includes: in the first list, each initial access frequency is associated with a respective paging frequency in the second list; in the second list, each paging frequency is associated with a paging frequency in the first list; or a third list determines the association between a paging frequency and a respective initial access frequency.
[0182] Example 23 includes the method of any of examples 1–22 or some other examples herein, further including: performing a cell reselection operation based on: the one or more paging frequencies; or paging frequencies and initial access frequencies, wherein the initial access frequencies are deprioritized and are considered when there is no candidate for cell reselection in the one or more paging frequencies.
[0183] Example 24 includes the method of any of examples 1–23 or some other examples herein, further including: monitoring a low power-wakeup signal (LP-WUS) and a paging signal on a paging frequency of the one or more paging frequencies; processing the paging signal received from a network on the paging frequency; triggering an initial access on a frequency, wherein the frequency is: an initial access frequency of the one or more initial access frequencies meeting a criteria, wherein the criteria is an R-criteria or an S-criteria; or the paging frequency, when an initial access frequency of the one or more initial access frequencies cannot be found within a period.
[0184] Example 25 includes the method of any of examples 1–24 or some other examples herein, further including: processing a prioritization configuration indicating: a prioritization of performing paging on a paging frequency of the one or more paging frequencies; or a prioritization of paging on low power radio (LR) frequency.
[0185] Example 26 includes the method of any of examples 1–25 or some other examples herein, further including: processing a user equipment access control (UAC) configuration, wherein said enabling the initial access mode is further based on the UAC configuration.
[0186] Example 27 includes a method including: processing a user equipment (UE) capability received from a UE, the UE capability indicating that the UE supports an initial access mode that is associated with performing a paging and an initial access on different frequencies; generating, based on the UE capability, a configuration for transmission to the UE, the configuration indicating a first list of one or more paging frequencies and a second list of one or more initial access frequencies associated with the initial access mode; performing the paging on a paging frequency of the one or more paging frequencies; and processing an initial access message received on an initial access frequency of the one or more initial access frequencies.
[0187] Example 28 includes the method of example 27 or some other examples herein, wherein the configuration includes: an explicit indication to enable the initial access mode in a current serving cell; or an implicit indication to enable the initial access mode by configuring a parameter associated with the initial access mode.
[0188] Example 29 includes the method of examples 27 or 28 or some other examples herein, wherein the configuration is to configure the UE with enable the initial access mode.
[0189] Example 30 includes the method of any of examples 27–29 or some other examples herein, wherein the configuration is transmitted to the UE through a dedicated signaling.
[0190] Example 31 includes the method of any of examples 27–30 or some other examples herein, wherein the configuration includes an association between the one or more initial access frequencies and the one or more paging frequencies.
[0191] Example 32 includes the method of any of examples 27–31 or some other examples herein, further including: prioritizing paging the UE on the paging frequency over paging the UE on the initial access frequency; or prioritizing paging the UE on low-power receiver (LR) frequency
[0192] Another example may include an apparatus comprising means to perform one or more elements of a method described in or related to any of examples 1–32, or any other method or process described herein.
[0193] Another example may include one or more non-transitory computer-readable media comprising instructions to cause an electronic device, upon execution of the instructions by one or more processors of the electronic device, to perform one or more elements of a method described in or related to any of examples 1–32, or any other method or process described herein.
[0194] Another example may include an apparatus comprising logic, modules, or circuitry to perform one or more elements of a method described in or related to any of examples 1–32, or any other method or process described herein.
[0195] Another example may include a method, technique, or process as described in or related to any of examples 1–32, or portions or parts thereof.
[0196] Another example may include an apparatus comprising: one or more processors and one or more computer-readable media comprising instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform the method, techniques, or process as described in or related to any of examples 1–32, or portions thereof.
[0197] Another example may include a signal as described in or related to any of examples 1–32, or portions or parts thereof.
[0198] Another example may include a datagram, information element, packet, frame, segment, PDU, or message as described in or related to any of examples 1–32, or portions or parts thereof, or otherwise described in the present disclosure.
[0199] Another example may include a signal encoded with data as described in or related to any of examples 1–32, or portions or parts thereof, or otherwise described in the present disclosure.
[0200] Another example may include a signal encoded with a datagram, IE, packet, frame, segment, PDU, or message as described in or related to any of examples 1–32, or portions or parts thereof, or otherwise described in the present disclosure.
[0201] Another example may include an electromagnetic signal carrying computer-readable instructions, wherein execution of the computer-readable instructions by one or more processors is to cause the one or more processors to perform the method, techniques, or process as described in or related to any of examples 1–32, or portions thereof.
[0202] Another example may include a computer program comprising instructions, wherein execution of the program by a processing element is to cause the processing element to carry out the method, techniques, or process as described in or related to any of examples 1–32, or portions thereof.
[0203] Another example may include a signal in a wireless network as shown and described herein.
[0204] Another example may include a method of communicating in a wireless network, as shown and described herein.
[0205] Another example may include a system for providing wireless communication, as shown and described herein.
[0206] Another example may include a device for providing wireless communication, as shown and described herein.
[0207] Unless explicitly stated otherwise, any of the above-described examples may be combined with any other example (or combination of examples) . The foregoing description of one or more implementations provides illustration and description but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the scope of embodiments to the precise form disclosed. Modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings or may be acquired from the practice of various embodiments.
[0208] Although the embodiments above have been described in considerable detail, numerous variations and modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art once the above disclosure is fully appreciated. It is intended that the following claims be interpreted to embrace all such variations and modifications.
Claims
1.A method comprising:identifying a parameter indicative of supporting an initial access mode;processing a configuration received from a network, the configuration indicating a first list of one or more paging frequencies and a second list of one or more initial access frequencies associated with the initial access mode; andenabling, based on the parameter or the configuration, the initial access mode to receive a paging message on a paging frequency of the one or more paging frequencies and perform an initial access on an initial access frequency of the one or more initial access frequency.2.[Rectified under Rule 91, 10.04.2025]The method of claim 1, wherein:the first list is different from the second list; orthe first list and the second list are included in a system information block (SIB) .3.The method of claim 1 or 2, further comprising:camping, while in a radio resource control (RRC) idle state or an RRC inactive state, on the paging frequency of the one or more paging frequencies; andperforming mobility cell reselection amongst the one or more paging frequencies of the first list.4.[Rectified under Rule 91, 10.04.2025]The method of claim 1 or 2, further comprising:receiving the paging message on the paging frequency of the one or more paging frequencies;triggering the initial access based on the paging message; andperforming, based on said triggering the initial access, a search amongst the one or more initial access frequencies.5.The method of claim 4, further comprising:performing the initial access on the paging frequency based on determining that the search does not identify an initial access frequency of the one or more initial access frequency.6.The method of claim 4, further comprising:identifying based on the search, an initial access frequency of the one or more initial access frequencies;switching from the paging frequency to the initial access frequency; andperforming an initial access on the initial access frequency.7.The method of claim 6, wherein the paging frequency and the initial access frequency belong to a same registration area (RA) , a tracking area (TA) , or a radio access network-based notification area (RNA) .8.The method of claim 1 or 2, further comprising:processing a transmission request from: an upper layer; a non-access stratum (NAS) ; or an access stratum (AS) ; andtriggering the initial access based on the transmission request.9.The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein said performing a search amongst the one or more initial access frequencies comprises:performing a measurement of the initial access frequency of the initial access frequencies;determining the measurement of the initial access frequency of the one or more initial access frequencies that meets a criteria;acquiring an information block of the initial access frequency; anddetermining, based on the information block, whether the initial access frequency can be used for the initial access.10.The method of claim 9, wherein said determining that the measurement of the initial access frequency meets a criteria comprises:determining based on the measurement, that a radio quality of the initial access frequency meets or exceeds a threshold.11.The method of claim 9, wherein said determining whether the initial access frequency can be used for initial access comprises:determining whether the initial access frequency is barred for a user equipment (UE) ;determining the initial access frequency and the paging frequency belong to a same registration area (RA) , tracking area (TA) , or radio access network-based notification area (RNA) ; ordetermining the initial access frequency supports a service type or slicing information.12.The method of claim 1 or 2, further comprising:entering a radio resource control (RRC) connected state;performing a handover to a target cell;receiving information that identifies a paging frequency and an initial access frequency associated with the target cell;detecting a failure associated with the initial access frequency; andperforming a connection recovery on the paging frequency.13.The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the parameter is:a user equipment (UE) capability indicating that a UE supporting the initial access mode; orassociated with a feature that supports the initial access.14.The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the parameter is a user equipment (UE) capability indicating:a band-specific capability associated with the initial access mode; ora band combination capability identifying one or more combinations of paging frequencies and respective initial access frequencies.15.The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the configuration:explicitly enables the initial access mode in a current serving cell or implicitly enables the initial access mode by configuring the initial access mode; orincludes an association between the first list and the second list.16.The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein:each paging frequency in the first list is associated with:a respective paging priority; ora selection criteria that includes an R-criteria or an S-criteria; oreach initial access frequency in the second list is associated with:a respective initial access priority; ora selection criteria that includes an R-criteria or an S-criteria.17.The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the first list and the second list are combined in a set wherein each frequency in the set is associated with a respective purpose indicator, and the purpose indicator is to indicate whether the associated frequency is a paging frequency or an initial access frequency.18.The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the configuration indicates an association between the one or more paging frequencies and the one or more initial access frequencies, and the association between the one or more paging frequencies and the one or more initial access frequencies is indicated:in the first list, each initial access frequency is associated with a respective paging frequency in the second list;in the second list, each paging frequency is associated with an initial access frequency in the first list; ora third list determines the association between a paging frequency and a respective initial access frequency.19.The method of claim 1 or 2, further comprising:performing a cell reselection operation based on:the one or more paging frequencies; orpaging frequencies and initial access frequencies, wherein the initial access frequencies are deprioritized and are considered when there is no candidate for cell reselection in the one or more paging frequencies;processing a prioritization configuration indicating:a prioritization of performing paging on a paging frequency of the one or more paging frequencies; ora prioritization of paging on low power radio (LR) frequency; orprocessing a user equipment access control (UAC) configuration, wherein said enabling the initial access mode is further based on the UAC configuration.20.The method of claim 1 or 2, further comprising:monitoring a low power-wakeup signal (LP-WUS) and a paging signal on a paging frequency of the one or more paging frequencies;processing the paging signal received from a network on the paging frequency;triggering an initial access on a frequency, wherein the frequency is:an initial access frequency of the one or more initial access frequencies meeting a criteria, wherein the criteria is an R-criteria or an S-criteria; orthe paging frequency, when an initial access frequency of the one or more initial access frequencies cannot be found within a period.21.A method comprising:processing a user equipment (UE) capability received from a UE, the UE capability indicating that the UE supports an initial access mode that is associated with performing a paging and an initial access on different frequencies;generating, based on the UE capability, a configuration for transmission to the UE, the configuration indicating a first list of one or more paging frequencies and a second list of one or more initial access frequencies associated with the initial access mode;performing the paging on a paging frequency of the one or more paging frequencies; andprocessing an initial access message received on an initial access frequency of the one or more initial access frequencies.22.The method of claim 21, wherein the configuration includes:an explicit indication to enable the initial access mode in a current serving cell; oran implicit indication to enable the initial access mode by configuring a parameter associated with the initial access mode.23.The method of claim 21 or 22, wherein the configuration is to configure the UE to enable the initial access mode.24.The method of claim 21 or 22, wherein the configuration is transmitted to the UE through a dedicated signaling.25.The method of claim 21 or 22, further comprising:prioritizing paging the UE on the paging frequency over paging the UE on the initial access frequency; orprioritizing paging the UE on low-power receiver (LR) frequency.