Signaling aspects related to performance monitoring report for UE-assisted performance monitoring
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-07
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-13
Smart Images

Figure CN2025076117_13082026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
SIGNALING ASPECTS RELATED TO PERFORMANCE MONITORING REPORT FOR UE-ASSISTED PERFORMANCE MONITORINGFIELD OF TECHNOLOGY
[0001] The following relates to wireless communications, including beam prediction accuracy reporting for performance monitoring using user equipment-based machine learning.BACKGROUND
[0002] Wireless communications systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, and so on. These systems may be capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing the available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power) . Examples of such multiple-access systems include fourth generation (4G) systems such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems, and fifth generation (5G) systems which may be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems. These systems may employ technologies such as code division multiple access (CDMA) , time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA) , or discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM) . A wireless multiple-access communications system may include one or more base stations, each supporting wireless communication for communication devices, which may be known as user equipment (UE) .SUMMARY
[0003] The systems, methods, and devices of this disclosure each have several innovative aspects, no single one of which is solely responsible for the desirable attributes disclosed herein.
[0004] A method for wireless communications by a user equipment (UE) is described. The method may include transmitting a capability report indicating a capability to perform beam prediction using a machine learning model of the UE, the capability report indicating a first quantity of performance monitoring instances supported by the UE, receiving control signaling indicating a channel state information (CSI) reporting configuration based on the capability report, the CSI reporting configuration indicating a second quantity of performance monitoring instances for beam prediction using the machine learning model, and transmitting a measurement report including a beam accuracy indication field indicating a quantity of beam predictions using the machine learning model that satisfy one or more beam prediction criteria, where a bit size of the beam accuracy indication field is based on the CSI reporting configuration.
[0005] A UE for wireless communications is described. The UE may include one or more memories storing processor executable code, and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories. The one or more processors may individually or collectively be operable to execute the code to cause the UE to transmit a capability report indicating a capability to perform beam prediction using a machine learning model of the UE, the capability report indicating a first quantity of performance monitoring instances supported by the UE, receive control signaling indicating a CSI reporting configuration based on the capability report, the CSI reporting configuration indicating a second quantity of performance monitoring instances for beam prediction using the machine learning model, and transmit a measurement report including a beam accuracy indication field indicating a quantity of beam predictions using the machine learning model that satisfy one or more beam prediction criteria, where a bit size of the beam accuracy indication field is based on the CSI reporting configuration.
[0006] Another UE for wireless communications is described. The UE may include means for transmitting a capability report indicating a capability to perform beam prediction using a machine learning model of the UE, the capability report indicating a first quantity of performance monitoring instances supported by the UE, means for receiving control signaling indicating a CSI reporting configuration based on the capability report, the CSI reporting configuration indicating a second quantity of performance monitoring instances for beam prediction using the machine learning model, and means for transmitting a measurement report including a beam accuracy indication field indicating a quantity of beam predictions using the machine learning model that satisfy one or more beam prediction criteria, where a bit size of the beam accuracy indication field is based on the CSI reporting configuration.
[0007] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications is described. The code may include instructions executable by one or more processors to transmit a capability report indicating a capability to perform beam prediction using a machine learning model of the UE, the capability report indicating a first quantity of performance monitoring instances supported by the UE, receive control signaling indicating a CSI reporting configuration based on the capability report, the CSI reporting configuration indicating a second quantity of performance monitoring instances for beam prediction using the machine learning model, and transmit a measurement report including a beam accuracy indication field indicating a quantity of beam predictions using the machine learning model that satisfy one or more beam prediction criteria, where a bit size of the beam accuracy indication field is based on the CSI reporting configuration.
[0008] Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving the control signaling or additional control signaling that triggers the UE to transmit the measurement report after processing of a subset of the second quantity of performance monitoring instances.
[0009] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the measurement report may indicate: a quantity of beam predictions for the subset that satisfy the one or more beam prediction criteria; or a ratio of the quantity of beam predictions for the subset that satisfy the one or more beam prediction criteria to a quantity of performance monitoring instances in the subset.
[0010] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, transmitting the measurement report may include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting the measurement report including the beam accuracy indication field that indicates: the quantity of beam predictions that satisfy the one or more beam prediction criteria; or a ratio of the quantity of beam predictions that satisfy the one or more beam prediction criteria to the second quantity.
[0011] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, transmitting the capability report may include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting the capability report that indicates a third quantity of performance monitoring instances supported by the UE, where the first quantity and the third quantity may be associated with different performance monitoring metrics indicated by the measurement report.
[0012] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the bit size may be based on the second quantity.
[0013] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the bit size may be a first function of the second quantity based on the second quantity failing to satisfy a threshold quantity; or the bit size may be a second function of the second quantity based on the second quantity satisfying the threshold quantity.
[0014] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the bit size may be a function of the second quantity based on the second quantity failing to satisfy a threshold quantity; or the bit size may be a fixed value based on the second quantity satisfying the threshold quantity, the fixed value indicating a granularity associated with the beam accuracy indication field.
[0015] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the bit size may be a fixed value.
[0016] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, a first set of beams associated with the quantity of beam predictions that satisfy the one or more beam prediction criteria overlaps at least partially with a second set of beams associated with beam measurement by the UE.
[0017] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the second quantity of performance monitoring instances for beam prediction may be based on the first quantity of performance monitoring instances supported by the UE.
[0018] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the control signaling includes radio resource control (RRC) signaling and the RRC signaling includes a report setting associated with the measurement report, the report setting indicating the second quantity.
[0019] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the control signaling includes RRC signaling and the RRC signaling includes one or more fields associated with the measurement report, the one or more fields indicating the second quantity of performance monitoring instances for beam prediction.
[0020] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the control signaling includes a medium access control-control element (MAC-CE) and the MAC-CE signaling indicates the second quantity of performance monitoring instances for beam prediction.
[0021] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the control signaling includes a MAC-CE and the MAC-CE indicates an identifier associated with the measurement report.
[0022] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the control signaling includes downlink control information (DCI) , the DCI includes one or more fields, and each field of the one or more fields may be associated with a respective measurement report and indicates a respective value for the second quantity of performance monitoring instances for beam prediction.
[0023] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, each field of the one or more fields further indicates a respective identifier associated with the respective measurement report.
[0024] Details of one or more implementations of the subject matter described in this disclosure are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, aspects, and advantages will become apparent from the description, the drawings, and the claims. Note that the relative dimensions of the following figures may not be drawn to scale.
[0025] The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the features and technical advantages of examples according to the disclosure in order that the detailed description that follows may be better understood. Additional features and advantages will be described hereinafter. The conception and specific examples disclosed may be readily utilized as a basis for modifying or designing other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. Characteristics of the concepts disclosed herein, both their organization and method of operation, together with associated advantages will be better understood from the following description when considered in connection with the accompanying figures. Each of the figures is provided for the purposes of illustration and description, and not as a definition of the limits of the claims.
[0026] While aspects and embodiments are described in this application by illustration to some examples, those skilled in the art will understand that additional implementations and use cases may come about in many different arrangements and scenarios. Innovations described herein may be implemented across many differing platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes, packaging arrangements. For example, embodiments and / or uses may come about via integrated chip embodiments and other non-module-component based devices (e.g., end-user devices, vehicles, communication devices, computing devices, industrial equipment, retail / purchasing devices, medical devices, artificial intelligence (AI) -enabled devices, etc. ) . While some examples may or may not be specifically directed to use cases or applications, a wide assortment of applicability of described innovations may occur. Implementations may range in spectrum from chip-level or modular components to non-modular, non-chip-level implementations and further to aggregate, distributed, or original equipment manufacturer (OEM) devices or systems incorporating one or more aspects of the described innovations. In some practical settings, devices incorporating described aspects and features may also necessarily include additional components and features for implementation and practice of claimed and described embodiments. For example, transmission and reception of wireless signals necessarily includes a number of components for analog and digital purposes (e.g., hardware components including antenna, radio frequency (RF) -chains, power amplifiers, modulators, buffer, processor (s) , interleaver, adders / summers, etc. ) . It is intended that innovations described herein may be practiced in a wide variety of devices, chip-level components, systems, distributed arrangements, end-user devices, etc. of varying sizes, shapes, and constitution.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0027] FIG. 1 shows an example of a wireless communications system that supports beam prediction accuracy reporting for performance monitoring using user equipment-based machine learning in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0028] FIG. 2 shows an example of a wireless communications system that supports beam prediction accuracy reporting for performance monitoring using user equipment-based machine learning in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0029] FIG. 3 shows an example of a process flow that supports beam prediction accuracy reporting for performance monitoring using user equipment-based machine learning in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0030] FIGs. 4 and 5 show block diagrams of devices that support beam prediction accuracy reporting for performance monitoring using user equipment-based machine learning in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0031] FIG. 6 shows a block diagram of a communications manager that supports beam prediction accuracy reporting for performance monitoring using user equipment-based machine learning in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0032] FIG. 7 shows a diagram of a system including a device that supports beam prediction accuracy reporting for performance monitoring using user equipment-based machine learning in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0033] FIG. 8 shows a flowchart illustrating methods that support beam prediction accuracy reporting for performance monitoring using user equipment-based machine learning in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0034] In some wireless communications systems, wireless devices may implement learning models (e.g., a machine learning model) to predict parameters for future communications. In some examples, a user equipment (UE) may use a machine learning model to predict a set of beams for future communications with a network entity. To evaluate a prediction accuracy of the machine learning model, the UE may evaluate one or more performance monitoring metrics associated with at least one of the predicted set of beams. In some examples, the UE may receive reference signals from the network entity via a plurality of beams and perform measurements on the reference signals to determine one or more best beams for communicating with the network entity. In some examples, the UE may be configured to transmit a measurement report indicating an accuracy of beam predictions using the machine learning model. Accordingly, it may be beneficial to define procedures for reporting beam prediction accuracy, for example, to minimize overhead or to account for on-demand request for performance information from the network entity.
[0035] Various aspects of the present disclosure are related to beam prediction accuracy reporting for performance monitoring using UE-based machine learning models. In some examples, a UE may receive control signaling including a configuration for channel state information (CSI) reporting that indicates a quantity of measurement instances for performing beam prediction and a bit size of a field of a measurement report for indicating beam prediction accuracy. The quantity of measurement instances may be based on a capability of the UE. The UE may indicate the beam prediction accuracy using a quantity of successful predictions (e.g., a quantity of best predicted beams that overlap with a best measured beam) or a ratio of successful predictions to the total quantity of measurement instances. In some cases, the bit size may be based on a threshold quantity of measurement instances. In some other cases, the bit size may be a fixed value for all quantities of measurement instances.
[0036] Aspects of the disclosure are initially described in the context of wireless communications systems. Aspects of the disclosure are additionally illustrated with reference to process flows. Aspects of the disclosure are further illustrated by and described with reference to apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts that relate to beam prediction accuracy reporting for performance monitoring using user equipment-based machine learning.
[0037] FIG. 1 shows an example of a wireless communications system 100 that supports beam prediction accuracy reporting for performance monitoring using user equipment-based machine learning in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communications system 100 may include one or more devices, such as one or more network devices (e.g., network entities 105) , one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communications system 100 may be a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, an LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, a New Radio (NR) network, or a network operating in accordance with other systems and radio technologies, including future systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.
[0038] The network entities 105 may be dispersed throughout a geographic area to form the wireless communications system 100 and may include devices in different forms or having different capabilities. In various examples, a network entity 105 may be referred to as a network element, a mobility element, a radio access network (RAN) node, or network equipment, among other nomenclature. In some examples, network entities 105 and UEs 115 may wirelessly communicate via communication link (s) 125 (e.g., a radio frequency (RF) access link) . For example, a network entity 105 may support a coverage area 110 (e.g., a geographic coverage area) over which the UEs 115 and the network entity 105 may establish the communication link (s) 125. The coverage area 110 may be an example of a geographic area over which a network entity 105 and a UE 115 may support the communication of signals according to one or more radio access technologies (RATs) .
[0039] The UEs 115 may be dispersed throughout a coverage area 110 of the wireless communications system 100, and each UE 115 may be stationary, or mobile, or both at different times. The UEs 115 may be devices in different forms or having different capabilities. Some example UEs 115 are illustrated in FIG. 1. The UEs 115 described herein may be capable of supporting communications with various types of devices in the wireless communications system 100 (e.g., other wireless communication devices, including UEs 115 or network entities 105) , as shown in FIG. 1.
[0040] As described herein, a node of the wireless communications system 100, which may be referred to as a network node, or a wireless node, may be a network entity 105 (e.g., any network entity described herein) , a UE 115 (e.g., any UE described herein) , a network controller, an apparatus, a device, a computing system, one or more components, or another suitable processing entity configured to perform any of the techniques described herein. For example, a node may be a UE 115. As another example, a node may be a network entity 105. As another example, a first node may be configured to communicate with a second node or a third node. In one aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a UE 115. In another aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a network entity 105. In yet other aspects of this example, the first, second, and third nodes may be different relative to these examples. Similarly, reference to a UE 115, network entity 105, apparatus, device, computing system, or the like may include disclosure of the UE 115, network entity 105, apparatus, device, computing system, or the like being a node. For example, disclosure that a UE 115 is configured to receive information from a network entity 105 also discloses that a first node is configured to receive information from a second node.
[0041] In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with a core network 130, or with one another, or both. For example, network entities 105 may communicate with the core network 130 via backhaul communication link (s) 120 (e.g., in accordance with an S1, N2, N3, or other interface protocol) . In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with one another via backhaul communication link (s) 120 (e.g., in accordance with an X2, Xn, or other interface protocol) either directly (e.g., directly between network entities 105) or indirectly (e.g., via the core network 130) . In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with one another via a midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., in accordance with a midhaul interface protocol) or a fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., in accordance with a fronthaul interface protocol) , or any combination thereof. The backhaul communication link (s) 120, midhaul communication links 162, or fronthaul communication links 168 may be or include one or more wired links (e.g., an electrical link, an optical fiber link) or one or more wireless links (e.g., a radio link, a wireless optical link) , among other examples or various combinations thereof. A UE 115 may communicate with the core network 130 via a communication link 155.
[0042] One or more of the network entities 105 or network equipment described herein may include or may be referred to as a base station 140 (e.g., a base transceiver station, a radio base station, an NR base station, an access point, a radio transceiver, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB or giga-NodeB (either of which may be referred to as a gNB) , a 5G NB, a next-generation eNB (ng-eNB) , a Home NodeB, a Home eNodeB, or other suitable terminology) . In some examples, a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may be implemented in an aggregated (e.g., monolithic, standalone) base station architecture, which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within one network entity (e.g., a network entity 105 or a single RAN node, such as a base station 140) .
[0043] In some examples, a network entity 105 may be implemented in a disaggregated architecture (e.g., a disaggregated base station architecture, a disaggregated RAN architecture) , which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed among multiple network entities (e.g., network entities 105) , such as an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) network, an open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance) , or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN) ) . For example, a network entity 105 may include one or more of a central unit (CU) , such as a CU 160, a distributed unit (DU) , such as a DU 165, a radio unit (RU) , such as an RU 170, a RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) , such as an RIC 175 (e.g., a Near-Real Time RIC (Near-RT RIC) , a Non-Real Time RIC (Non-RT RIC) ) , a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) system, such as an SMO system 180, or any combination thereof. An RU 170 may also be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, a remote radio head (RRH) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , or a transmission reception point (TRP) . One or more components of the network entities 105 in a disaggregated RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of the network entities 105 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations) . In some examples, one or more of the network entities 105 of a disaggregated RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., a virtual CU (VCU) , a virtual DU (VDU) , a virtual RU (VRU) ) .
[0044] The split of functionality between a CU 160, a DU 165, and an RU 170 is flexible and may support different functionalities depending on which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, RF functions, or any combinations thereof) are performed at a CU 160, a DU 165, or an RU 170. For example, a functional split of a protocol stack may be employed between a CU 160 and a DU 165 such that the CU 160 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the DU 165 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some examples, the CU 160 may host upper protocol layer (e.g., layer 3 (L3) , layer 2 (L2) ) functionality and signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) , service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) , Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) ) . The CU 160 (e.g., one or more CUs) may be connected to a DU 165 (e.g., one or more DUs) or an RU 170 (e.g., one or more RUs) , or some combination thereof, and the DUs 165, RUs 170, or both may host lower protocol layers, such as layer 1 (L1) (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and may each be at least partially controlled by the CU 160. Additionally, or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between a DU 165 and an RU 170 such that the DU 165 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the RU 170 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DU 165 may support one or multiple different cells (e.g., via one or multiple different RUs, such as an RU 170) . In some cases, a functional split between a CU 160 and a DU 165 or between a DU 165 and an RU 170 may be within a protocol layer (e.g., some functions for a protocol layer may be performed by one of a CU 160, a DU 165, or an RU 170, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by a different one of the CU 160, the DU 165, or the RU 170) . A CU 160 may be functionally split further into CU control plane (CU-CP) and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. A CU 160 may be connected to a DU 165 via a midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., F1, F1-c, F1-u) , and a DU 165 may be connected to an RU 170 via a fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface) . In some examples, a midhaul communication link 162 or a fronthaul communication link 168 may be implemented in accordance with an interface (e.g., a channel) between layers of a protocol stack supported by respective network entities (e.g., one or more of the network entities 105) that are in communication via such communication links.
[0045] In some wireless communications systems (e.g., the wireless communications system 100) , infrastructure and spectral resources for radio access may support wireless backhaul link capabilities to supplement wired backhaul connections, providing an IAB network architecture (e.g., to a core network 130) . In some cases, in an IAB network, one or more of the network entities 105 (e.g., network entities 105 or IAB node (s) 104) may be partially controlled by each other. The IAB node (s) 104 may be referred to as a donor entity or an IAB donor. A DU 165 or an RU 170 may be partially controlled by a CU 160 associated with a network entity 105 or base station 140 (such as a donor network entity or a donor base station) . The one or more donor entities (e.g., IAB donors) may be in communication with one or more additional devices (e.g., IAB node (s) 104) via supported access and backhaul links (e.g., backhaul communication link (s) 120) . IAB node (s) 104 may include an IAB mobile termination (IAB-MT) controlled (e.g., scheduled) by one or more DUs (e.g., DUs 165) of a coupled IAB donor. An IAB-MT may be equipped with an independent set of antennas for relay of communications with UEs 115 or may share the same antennas (e.g., of an RU 170) of IAB node (s) 104 used for access via the DU 165 of the IAB node (s) 104 (e.g., referred to as virtual IAB-MT (vIAB-MT) ) . In some examples, the IAB node (s) 104 may include one or more DUs (e.g., DUs 165) that support communication links with additional entities (e.g., IAB node (s) 104, UEs 115) within the relay chain or configuration of the access network (e.g., downstream) . In such cases, one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture (e.g., the IAB node (s) 104 or components of the IAB node (s) 104) may be configured to operate according to the techniques described herein.
[0046] In the case of the techniques described herein applied in the context of a disaggregated RAN architecture, one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture may be configured to support beam prediction accuracy reporting for performance monitoring using user equipment-based machine learning as described herein. For example, some operations described as being performed by a UE 115 or a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may additionally, or alternatively, be performed by one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture (e.g., components such as an IAB node, a DU 165, a CU 160, an RU 170, an RIC 175, an SMO system 180) .
[0047] A UE 115 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable terminology, where the “device” may also be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. A UE 115 may also include or may be referred to as a personal electronic device such as a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a tablet computer, a laptop computer, or a personal computer. In some examples, a UE 115 may include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or a machine type communications (MTC) device, among other examples, which may be implemented in various objects such as appliances, vehicles, or meters, among other examples.
[0048] The UEs 115 described herein may be able to communicate with various types of devices, such as UEs 115 that may sometimes operate as relays, as well as the network entities 105 and the network equipment including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations, among other examples, as shown in FIG. 1.
[0049] The UEs 115 and the network entities 105 may wirelessly communicate with one another via the communication link (s) 125 (e.g., one or more access links) using resources associated with one or more carriers. The term “carrier” may refer to a set of RF spectrum resources having a defined PHY layer structure for supporting the communication link (s) 125. For example, a carrier used for the communication link (s) 125 may include a portion of an RF spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth part (BWP) ) that is operated according to one or more PHY layer channels for a given RAT (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR) . Each PHY layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information) , control signaling that coordinates operation for the carrier, user data, or other signaling. The wireless communications system 100 may support communication with a UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. A UE 115 may be configured with multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers according to a carrier aggregation configuration. Carrier aggregation may be used with both frequency division duplexing (FDD) and time division duplexing (TDD) component carriers. Communication between a network entity 105 and other devices may refer to communication between the devices and any portion (e.g., entity, sub-entity) of a network entity 105. For example, the terms “transmitting, ” “receiving, ” or “communicating, ” when referring to a network entity 105, may refer to any portion of a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, a CU 160, a DU 165, a RU 170) of a RAN communicating with another device (e.g., directly or via one or more other network entities, such as one or more of the network entities 105) .
[0050] Signal waveforms transmitted via a carrier may be made up of multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multi-carrier modulation (MCM) techniques such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM) ) . In a system employing MCM techniques, a resource element may refer to resources of one symbol period (e.g., a duration of one modulation symbol) and one subcarrier, in which case the symbol period and subcarrier spacing may be inversely related. The quantity of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the coding rate of the modulation scheme, or both) , such that a relatively higher quantity of resource elements (e.g., in a transmission duration) and a relatively higher order of a modulation scheme may correspond to a relatively higher rate of communication. A wireless communications resource may refer to a combination of an RF spectrum resource, a time resource, and a spatial resource (e.g., a spatial layer, a beam) , and the use of multiple spatial resources may increase the data rate or data integrity for communications with a UE 115.
[0051] The time intervals for the network entities 105 or the UEs 115 may be expressed in multiples of a basic time unit which may, for example, refer to a sampling period of Ts=1 / (Δfmax·Nf) seconds, for which Δfmax may represent a supported subcarrier spacing, and Nf may represent a supported discrete Fourier transform (DFT) size. Time intervals of a communications resource may be organized according to radio frames each having a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms) ) . Each radio frame may be identified by a system frame number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023) .
[0052] Each frame may include multiple consecutively-numbered subframes or slots, and each subframe or slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may be divided (e.g., in the time domain) into subframes, and each subframe may be further divided into a quantity of slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable quantity of slots, and the quantity of slots may depend on subcarrier spacing. Each slot may include a quantity of symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix prepended to each symbol period) . In some wireless communications systems, such as the wireless communications system 100, a slot may further be divided into multiple mini-slots associated with one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may be associated with one or more (e.g., Nf) sampling periods. The duration of a symbol period may depend on the subcarrier spacing or frequency band of operation.
[0053] A subframe, a slot, a mini-slot, or a symbol may be the smallest scheduling unit (e.g., in the time domain) of the wireless communications system 100 and may be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI) . In some examples, the TTI duration (e.g., a quantity of symbol periods in a TTI) may be variable. Additionally, or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communications system 100 may be dynamically selected (e.g., in bursts of shortened TTIs (sTTIs) ) .
[0054] Physical channels may be multiplexed for communication using a carrier according to various techniques. A physical control channel and a physical data channel may be multiplexed for signaling via a downlink carrier, for example, using one or more of time division multiplexing (TDM) techniques, frequency division multiplexing (FDM) techniques, or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques. A control region (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET) ) for a physical control channel may be defined by a set of symbol periods and may extend across the system bandwidth or a subset of the system bandwidth of the carrier. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESETs) may be configured for a set of the UEs 115. For example, one or more of the UEs 115 may monitor or search control regions for control information according to one or more search space sets, and each search space set may include one or multiple control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levels arranged in a cascaded manner. An aggregation level for a control channel candidate may refer to an amount of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs) ) associated with encoded information for a control information format having a given payload size. Search space sets may include common search space sets configured for sending control information to UEs 115 (e.g., one or more UEs) or may include UE-specific search space sets for sending control information to a UE 115 (e.g., a specific UE) .
[0055] In some examples, a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) may be movable and therefore provide communication coverage for a moving coverage area, such as the coverage area 110. In some examples, coverage areas 110 (e.g., different coverage areas) associated with different technologies may overlap, but the coverage areas 110 (e.g., different coverage areas) may be supported by the same network entity (e.g., a network entity 105) . In some other examples, overlapping coverage areas, such as a coverage area 110, associated with different technologies may be supported by different network entities (e.g., the network entities 105) . The wireless communications system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network in which different types of the network entities 105 support communications for coverage areas 110 (e.g., different coverage areas) using the same or different RATs.
[0056] The wireless communications system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable communications or low-latency communications, or various combinations thereof. For example, the wireless communications system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC) . The UEs 115 may be designed to support ultra-reliable, low-latency, or critical functions. Ultra-reliable communications may include private communication or group communication and may be supported by one or more services such as push-to-talk, video, or data. Support for ultra-reliable, low-latency functions may include prioritization of services, and such services may be used for public safety or general commercial applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low-latency, and ultra-reliable low-latency may be used interchangeably herein.
[0057] In some examples, a UE 115 may be configured to support communicating directly with other UEs (e.g., one or more of the UEs 115) via a device-to-device (D2D) communication link, such as a D2D communication link 135 (e.g., in accordance with a peer-to-peer (P2P) , D2D, or sidelink protocol) . In some examples, one or more UEs 115 of a group that are performing D2D communications may be within the coverage area 110 of a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) , which may support aspects of such D2D communications being configured by (e.g., scheduled by) the network entity 105. In some examples, one or more UEs 115 of such a group may be outside the coverage area 110 of a network entity 105 or may be otherwise unable to or not configured to receive transmissions from a network entity 105. In some examples, groups of the UEs 115 communicating via D2D communications may support a one-to-many (1: M) system in which each UE 115 transmits to one or more of the UEs 115 in the group. In some examples, a network entity 105 may facilitate the scheduling of resources for D2D communications. In some other examples, D2D communications may be carried out between the UEs 115 without an involvement of a network entity 105.
[0058] The core network 130 may provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 130 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) or 5G core (5GC) , which may include at least one control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME) , an access and mobility management function (AMF) ) and at least one user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW) , a Packet Data Network (PDN) gateway (P-GW) , or a user plane function (UPF) ) . The control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management for the UEs 115 served by the network entities 105 (e.g., base stations 140) associated with the core network 130. User IP packets may be transferred through the user plane entity, which may provide IP address allocation as well as other functions. The user plane entity may be connected to IP services 150 for one or more network operators. The IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, Intranet (s) , an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) , or a Packet-Switched Streaming Service.
[0059] The wireless communications system 100 may operate using one or more frequency bands, which may be in the range of 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300 gigahertz (GHz) . Generally, the region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is known as the ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band because the wavelengths range from approximately one decimeter to one meter in length. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features, which may be referred to as clusters, but the waves may penetrate structures sufficiently for a macro cell to provide service to the UEs 115 located indoors. Communications using UHF waves may be associated with smaller antennas and shorter ranges (e.g., less than one hundred kilometers) compared to communications using the smaller frequencies and longer waves of the high frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portion of the spectrum below 300 MHz.
[0060] The wireless communications system 100 may utilize both licensed and unlicensed RF spectrum bands. For example, the wireless communications system 100 may employ License Assisted Access (LAA) , LTE-Unlicensed (LTE-U) RAT, or NR technology using an unlicensed band such as the 5 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band. While operating using unlicensed RF spectrum bands, devices such as the network entities 105 and the UEs 115 may employ carrier sensing for collision detection and avoidance. In some examples, operations using unlicensed bands may be based on a carrier aggregation configuration in conjunction with component carriers operating using a licensed band (e.g., LAA) . Operations using unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, P2P transmissions, or D2D transmissions, among other examples.
[0061] A network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) or a UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas, which may be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications, or beamforming. The antennas of a network entity 105 or a UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels, which may support MIMO operations or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly, such as an antenna tower. In some examples, antennas or antenna arrays associated with a network entity 105 may be located at diverse geographic locations. A network entity 105 may include an antenna array with a set of rows and columns of antenna ports that the network entity 105 may use to support beamforming of communications with a UE 115. Likewise, a UE 115 may include one or more antenna arrays that may support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally, or alternatively, an antenna panel may support RF beamforming for a signal transmitted via an antenna port.
[0062] The network entities 105 or the UEs 115 may use MIMO communications to exploit multipath signal propagation and increase spectral efficiency by transmitting or receiving multiple signals via different spatial layers. Such techniques may be referred to as spatial multiplexing. The multiple signals may, for example, be transmitted by the transmitting device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Likewise, the multiple signals may be received by the receiving device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Each of the multiple signals may be referred to as a separate spatial stream and may carry information associated with the same data stream (e.g., the same codeword) or different data streams (e.g., different codewords) . Different spatial layers may be associated with different antenna ports used for channel measurement and reporting. MIMO techniques include single-user MIMO (SU-MIMO) , for which multiple spatial layers are transmitted to the same receiving device, and multiple-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) , for which multiple spatial layers are transmitted to multiple devices.
[0063] Beamforming, which may also be referred to as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception, is a signal processing technique that may be used at a transmitting device or a receiving device (e.g., a network entity 105, a UE 115) to shape or steer an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting device and the receiving device. Beamforming may be achieved by combining the signals communicated via antenna elements of an antenna array such that some signals propagating along particular orientations with respect to an antenna array experience constructive interference while others experience destructive interference. The adjustment of signals communicated via the antenna elements may include a transmitting device or a receiving device applying amplitude offsets, phase offsets, or both to signals carried via the antenna elements associated with the device. The adjustments associated with each of the antenna elements may be defined by a beamforming weight set associated with a particular orientation (e.g., with respect to the antenna array of the transmitting device or receiving device, or with respect to some other orientation) .
[0064] A network entity 105 or a UE 115 may use beam sweeping techniques as part of beamforming operations. For example, a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) may use multiple antennas or antenna arrays (e.g., antenna panels) to conduct beamforming operations for directional communications with a UE 115. Some signals (e.g., synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) may be transmitted by a network entity 105 multiple times along different directions. For example, the network entity 105 may transmit a signal according to different beamforming weight sets associated with different directions of transmission. Transmissions along different beam directions may be used to identify (e.g., by a transmitting device, such as a network entity 105, or by a receiving device, such as a UE 115) a beam direction for later transmission or reception by the network entity 105.
[0065] Some signals, such as data signals associated with a particular receiving device, may be transmitted by a transmitting device (e.g., a network entity 105 or a UE 115) along a single beam direction (e.g., a direction associated with the receiving device, such as another network entity 105 or UE 115) . In some examples, the beam direction associated with transmissions along a single beam direction may be determined based on a signal that was transmitted along one or more beam directions. For example, a UE 115 may receive one or more of the signals transmitted by the network entity 105 along different directions and may report to the network entity 105 an indication of the signal that the UE 115 received with a highest signal quality or an otherwise acceptable signal quality.
[0066] In some examples, transmissions by a device (e.g., by a network entity 105 or a UE 115) may be performed using multiple beam directions, and the device may use a combination of digital precoding or beamforming to generate a combined beam for transmission (e.g., from a network entity 105 to a UE 115) . The UE 115 may report feedback that indicates precoding weights for one or more beam directions, and the feedback may correspond to a configured set of beams across a system bandwidth or one or more sub-bands. The network entity 105 may transmit a reference signal (e.g., a cell-specific reference signal (CRS) , a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) ) , which may be precoded or unprecoded. The UE 115 may provide feedback for beam selection, which may be a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) or codebook-based feedback (e.g., a multi-panel type codebook, a linear combination type codebook, a port selection type codebook) . Although these techniques are described with reference to signals transmitted along one or more directions by a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) , a UE 115 may employ similar techniques for transmitting signals multiple times along different directions (e.g., for identifying a beam direction for subsequent transmission or reception by the UE 115) or for transmitting a signal along a single direction (e.g., for transmitting data to a receiving device) .
[0067] A receiving device (e.g., a UE 115) may perform reception operations in accordance with multiple receive configurations (e.g., directional listening) when receiving various signals from a transmitting device (e.g., a network entity 105) , such as synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals. For example, a receiving device may perform reception in accordance with multiple receive directions by receiving via different antenna subarrays, by processing received signals according to different antenna subarrays, by receiving according to different receive beamforming weight sets (e.g., different directional listening weight sets) applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array, or by processing received signals according to different receive beamforming weight sets applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array, any of which may be referred to as “listening” according to different receive configurations or receive directions. In some examples, a receiving device may use a single receive configuration to receive along a single beam direction (e.g., when receiving a data signal) . The single receive configuration may be aligned along a beam direction determined based on listening according to different receive configuration directions (e.g., a beam direction determined to have a highest signal strength, highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) , or otherwise acceptable signal quality based on listening according to multiple beam directions) .
[0068] The wireless communications system 100 may be a packet-based network that operates according to a layered protocol stack. In the user plane, communications at the bearer or PDCP layer may be IP-based. An RLC layer may perform packet segmentation and reassembly to communicate via logical channels. A MAC layer may perform priority handling and multiplexing of logical channels into transport channels. The MAC layer also may implement error detection techniques, error correction techniques, or both to support retransmissions to improve link efficiency. In the control plane, an RRC layer may provide establishment, configuration, and maintenance of an RRC connection between a UE 115 and a network entity 105 or a core network 130 supporting radio bearers for user plane data. A PHY layer may map transport channels to physical channels.
[0069] The UEs 115 and the network entities 105 may support retransmissions of data to increase the likelihood that data is received successfully. Hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback is one technique for increasing the likelihood that data is received correctly via a communication link (e.g., the communication link (s) 125, a D2D communication link 135) . HARQ may include a combination of error detection (e.g., using a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) ) , forward error correction (FEC) , and retransmission (e.g., automatic repeat request (ARQ) ) . HARQ may improve throughput at the MAC layer in relatively poor radio conditions (e.g., low signal-to-noise conditions) . In some examples, a device may support same-slot HARQ feedback, in which case the device may provide HARQ feedback in a specific slot for data received via a previous symbol in the slot. In some other examples, the device may provide HARQ feedback in a subsequent slot, or according to some other time interval.
[0070] In some examples, a UE 115 may be configured to perform beam prediction using a machine learning model of the UE 115. The UE 115 may receive control signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC-control element (MAC-CE) signaling, a downlink control element (DCI) ) including a configuration for CSI reporting that indicates a quantity of measurement instances (e.g., performance monitoring instances) for performing the beam prediction and a bit size of a field of a measurement report for reporting performance metrics (e.g., a beam prediction accuracy) of the machine learning model. The quantity of measurement instances may be based on a capability of the UE 115. For example, the UE 115 may transmit a capability report associated with beam prediction using a machine learning model that indicates a quantity of measurement instances supported by the UE 115.
[0071] The UE 115 may determine a set of predicted beams and a set of measured beams, and may compare the set of predicted beams to the set of measured beams to determine a beam prediction accuracy associated with the machine learning model. The UE 115 may transmit a measurement report indicating the beam prediction accuracy to the network entity. In some examples, the UE 115 may indicate the beam prediction accuracy using a quantity of successful predictions (e.g., a quantity of best predicted beams that overlap with a best measured beam) or a ratio of successful predictions to the total quantity of measurement instances. In some cases, the bit size indicated in the CSI reporting configuration may be based on a threshold quantity of measurement instances. In some other cases, the bit size may be a fixed value for all quantities of measurement instances. In some examples, the UE 115 may transmit the measurement report prior to monitoring performance in each measuring instance.
[0072] FIG. 2 shows an example of a wireless communications system 200 that supports beam prediction accuracy reporting for performance monitoring using user equipment-based machine learning in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the wireless communications system 200 may include a UE 115-a in communications with a network entity 105-a, which may be examples of corresponding devices described herein, including with reference to FIG. 1. The UE 115-a and the network entity 105-a may communicate via communication links 205, which may be an example of a cellular communication link (e.g., a Uu link, a Fifth-Generation (5G) link) . For example, the communication link 205-a may be an example of an uplink (e.g., uplink communications between the UE 115-a and the network entity 105-a) and the communication link 205-b may be an example of a downlink (e.g., downlink communications between the UE 115-a and the network entity 105-a) . In the example of FIG. 2, the UE 115-a may operate in accordance with the timeline 210-a, the timeline 210-b, or both. For example, the UE 115-a may determine beams 215 for communicating with the network entity 105-a according to the timeline 210-a, the timeline 210-b, or both.
[0073] The UE 115-a may predict beams 215 for communicating with the network entity 105-a in accordance with a machine learning model. In the example of FIG. 2, the UE 115-a may perform temporal beam prediction to determine predicted beams 220 (e.g., a set of predicted beams 220) in accordance with the timeline 210-a. Alternatively, the UE 115-a may perform spatial beam prediction to determine the predicted beams 220 in accordance with the timeline 210-b. When determining the predicted beams 220, the UE 115-a may identify a subset of the predicted beams 220 that are determined to be the “best” (e.g., may have a predicted signal quality metric that is above a threshold or above that of the other predicted beams 220) . In some examples, the UE 115-a may identify a top single predicted beam 220 or a top subset of the predicted beams 220 (e.g., top-K predicted beams, where K is an integer) . In an example, the UE 115-a may be configured such that K = 1. Alternatively, the UE 115-a may be configured such that K > 1. In an example, the UE 115-a may be configured with resources to monitor for beam prediction for a set of beams including a first beam 215, a second beam 215, and a third beam 215. In an example, the UE 115-a may identify that the second beam 215 and the third beam 215 are the best predicted beams (e.g., Top-2 beams) . The Top-K beams may be represented as K = 1, [2, 4, 5] , where the UE 115-a may identify the Top-1 beam, the Top-2 beams, the Top-4 beams, or the Top-5 beams based on the value of K, where the K value may indicate the quantity of predicted beams that the UE 115-a is to identify and / or report as being the top or best predicted beams (e.g., Top-1, Top-2, Top-4, or Top-5) .
[0074] For example, to perform temporal beam prediction, the UE 115-a may receive signaling from the network entity 105-a via a set of beams 215 at a first time t-3. The UE 115-a may provide information associated with the set of beams 215 as an input to a machine learning model to determine the predicted beams 220 for communications with the network entity 105-a at one or more following times, such as t-2 and t-1. In some cases, the UE 115-a may periodically receive signaling via the set of beams 215 (e.g., at additional times t and t+3) . Accordingly, the UE 115-a may periodically determine the predicted beams 220 at additional times, such as t+1, t+2, and t+4. To perform spatial beam prediction, the UE 115-a may receive signaling from the network entity 105-a via a set of beams 215 at a first time t. The UE 115-a may determine the predicted beams 220 for communications with the network entity 105-a at a following time t+Δt.
[0075] In some examples, the UE 115-a may monitor performance of the machine learning model. For example, the UE 115-a may measure a beam prediction accuracy associated with the machine learning model. The UE 115-a may evaluate the machine learning model at a quantity of performance monitoring instances N, which may correspond to times when the UE 115-a determines the predicted beams 220 (e.g., t-2, t-1, t+1, t+2, t+4) . For each performance monitoring instance, the UE 115-a may measure reference signals received via a set of the predicted beams 220 to determine measured beams 225 (e.g., a set of measured beams 225, a performance monitoring set of beams 215) . When determining the measured beams 225 (e.g., the performance monitoring set) , the UE 115-a may identify a subset of the measured beams 225 that are determined to be the “best” or have a measured signal quality metric that is above a threshold or above that of the other measured beams 225 being evaluated) . In some examples, the UE 115-a may identify a top single measured beam 225 or a top subset of the measured beams 225 (e.g., Top-M beams, where M is an integer) . In an example, the UE 115-a may be configured such that M = 1. Alternatively, the UE 115-a may be configured such that M > 1.
[0076] In an example, the UE 115-a may be configured with a first set of resources for monitoring a set of beams 225 including a first beam 215 and a second beam 215 4. In such examples, the Top-M beams may be represented as M = 1, [2, 4] , where the M values may indicate the quantity of the best beams to identify and / or report of the set of beams. For example, the UE 115-a may identify that the second beam 215 and the third beam 215 are the best beams 215 in the first set M of measured beams 225 (e.g., the Top-2 beams) . In another example, the Top-M beams may be represented as M = 1, [2, 4, 8] , where the M value may indicate the quantity of measured beams that the UE 115-a is to identify and / or report as being the top or best measured beams (e.g., Top-1, Top-2, Top-4, or Top-8) .
[0077] In some examples, the UE 115-a may request one or more reference signals that are dedicated to performance monitoring from the network entity 105-a, such as beam prediction monitoring reference signals (BPM-RS) . The UE 115-a may receive the BPM-RS during each performance monitoring instance and may measure the received BPM-RS to determine the measured beams 225 (e.g., the performance monitoring set) . In the example of FIG. 2, the UE 115-a may receive the BPM-RS via some or all of the predicted beams 220 at each performance monitoring instance. Accordingly, the UE 115-a may determine the measured beams 225 by measuring the predicted beams 220. The UE 115-a may compare the predicted beams 220 to the measured beams 225 at each performance monitoring instance to evaluate the performance of the machine learning model.
[0078] In some examples, the UE 115-a may determine whether each performance monitoring instance is successful based on comparing the predicted beams 220 and the measured beams 225 of each performance monitoring instance. For example, the UE 115-a may identify the top single measured beam 225 or the top subset of measured beams 225 that is associated with a largest measured signal strength (e.g., layer-1 reference signal received power (L1-RSRP) ) of monitoring resources (e.g., resource sets) of the measured beams 225. As described herein, the top subset of the predicted beams 220 may include one or more “best” predicted beams 220, and the top subset of the of measured beams 225 may include one or more “best” measured beams 225.
[0079] In some examples, the UE 115-a may be configured with one or more resource sets for monitoring. The resource sets may be configured for the full set of predicted beams 220 (e.g., a set A of beams 215) , a subset of the predicted beams 220 (e.g., a subset of the set A of beams 215) , or a different set of predicted beams 220 (e.g., different from the set A of beams 215) . The UE 115-a may receive the reference signals (e.g., for performance monitoring) via the one or more resource sets. The UE 115-a may monitor the reference signals to determine a beam accuracy indicator (BAI) Np. In some cases, the UE 115-a may be configured (e.g., via a report configuration) with a value for the quantity of performance monitoring instances N (e.g., N = [1, 4, 8, 16, 32, etc. ] ) . The value of N may include valid performance monitoring instances where the performance monitoring set (e.g., the measured beams 225) covers (e.g., includes) the set of top K beams.
[0080] In some cases, the UE 115-a may compare the top single measured beam 225 or the top subset of the measured beams 225 to the top subset of the predicted beams 220 to evaluate the accuracy of the predicted beams 220. In some examples, the UE 115-a may determine that a performance monitoring instance (e.g., a beam prediction) is successful based on whether the measured beams 225 satisfy one or more beam prediction criteria. Satisfying one or more beam prediction criteria or satisfying at least one beam prediction criteria may occur when a single beam prediction criterion is satisfied or two or more beam prediction criteria are satisfied. For example, the UE 115-a may determine that a performance monitoring instance is successful (e.g., satisfies one or more beam prediction criteria) if the top single measured beam 225 (e.g., a first beam prediction criterion) or if at least one of the top subset of the measured beams 225 (e.g., a second beam prediction criterion) is included in the top subset of the predicted beams 220. For example, the UE 115-a may check whether a beam identifier of the top single measured beam 225 or at least one beam identifier of the top subset of the measured beams 225 is the same as a beam identifier of any of the top subset of the predicted beams 220. To determine that a beam prediction is successful, the UE 115-amay evaluate whether at least one measured beam 225 of the set M of measured beams 225 (e.g., Top M measured beams) that is associated with a largest measured L1-RSRP value of the resource sets for performance monitoring is among the set K of predicted beams 220 (e.g., Top K predicted beams) . In an example, the UE 115-a may identify the set K of predicted beams 220 and the first set M of measured beams 225. As discussed herein, the set K of predicted beams 220 may be represented by K = 1, [2, 4, 5] , and the first set M of measured beams 225 may be represented by M = 1, [2, 4] . In such examples, K > M.
[0081] In some other cases, the UE 115-a may compare the top single predicted beam 220 or the top subset of the predicted beams 220 to the top subset of the measured beams 225 to evaluate the accuracy of the predicted beams 220. In some examples, the UE 115-a may determine that a performance monitoring instance (e.g., a beam prediction) is successful based on whether the predicted beams 220 satisfy one or more beam prediction criteria. For example, the UE 115-a may determine that a performance monitoring instance is successful (e.g., satisfies one or more beam prediction criteria) if the top single predicted beam 220 (e.g., a first beam prediction criterion) or if at least one of (or up to all off) the top subset of the predicted beams 220 (e.g., a second beam prediction criterion) is included in the top subset of the measured beams 225. For example, the UE 115-a may check whether a beam identifier of the top single predicted beam 220 or at least one beam identifier of the top subset of the predicted beams 220 is the same as a beam identifier of any of the top subset of the measured beams 225. To determine that a beam prediction is successful, the UE 115-a may evaluate whether at least one predicted beam 220 of the set K of predicted beams 220 is among the set M of measured beams 225 that are associated with one or more largest measured L1-RSRP values of the resource sets for performance monitoring (e.g., satisfies at least one prediction criteria) . In an example, the UE 115-a may identify the set K of predicted beams 220 and the second set M of measured beams 225. As discussed herein, the set K of predicted beams 220 may be represented by K = 1, [2, 4, 5] , and the second set M of measured beams 225 may be represented by M = 1, [2, 4, 8] . In such examples, K ≤ M. In some examples, K>1.
[0082] Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 115-a may evaluate one or more performance monitoring metrics to further determine the quantity of successful performance monitoring instances (e.g., satisfies at least one beam prediction criteria) . For example, for each successful performance monitoring instance, the UE 115-a may further compare a highest signal strength (e.g., L1-RSRP) associated with the top subset of the predicted beams 220 to a signal strength (e.g., L1-RSRP) associated with the top subset of the measured beams 225 (e.g., determine whether at least one beam prediction criteria is satisfied) . In some examples, the UE 115-a may check whether the highest signal strength (e.g., layer one (L1) -reference signal received power RSRP) of the top subset of the predicted beams 220 satisfies a threshold signal strength (e.g., is within a quantity of decibels (dB) (e.g., satisfies a beam prediction criterion) . The threshold signal strength may be relative to a highest signal strength associated with the top subset of measured beams 225 (e.g., a largest L1-RSRP of the set M of measured beams 225) , to a lowest signal strength associated with the top subset of measured beams 225 (e.g., a lowest L1-RSRP of the set M of measured beams 225) , or to an arbitrary signal strength associated with a measured beam 225 of the top subset of measured beams 225 (e.g., an n’th L1-RSRP of the set M of measured beams 225) . The UE 115-a may determine that a successful performance monitoring instance is still successful if the highest signal strength of the top subset of the predicted beams 220 is within the threshold signal strength (e.g., satisfies a beam prediction criterion) . Conversely, the UE 115-a may determine that a successful performance monitoring instance is not successful if the highest signal strength of the top subset of the predicted beams 220 is outside of (e.g., less than) the threshold signal strength.
[0083] After evaluating the performance of the machine learning model at each performance monitoring instance, the UE 115-a may transmit an indication of the performance of the machine learning model to the network entity 105-a. For example, the UE 115-a may transmit a measurement report 230 including a beam accuracy indicator (BAI) field to the network entity. The BAI field (e.g., a CSI field) may indicate a beam prediction accuracy of the machine learning model. In some examples, if the measurement report 230 indicates that the beam prediction accuracy of the machine learning model is above a threshold, the network entity 105-a may configure additional sweeping for future instances of beam prediction to improve beam prediction accuracy during an inference operation (e.g., at the machine learning model) . The UE 115-a may report the beam prediction accuracy via the BAI field in accordance with a reporting scheme. Example reporting schemes, including a first reporting scheme (e.g., Scheme #1) and a second reporting scheme (e.g., Scheme #2) are represented in Table 1 below. Table 1: Schemes for reporting BAI based on N
[0084] The first column of Table 1 may represent different quantities of performance monitoring instances N that may be configured at the UE 115-a. The second column of Table 1 may represent a bit size (e.g., overhead) of a BAI field for the measurement report 230 that indicates a quantity of successful performance monitoring instances Np. The third column of Table 1 may represent a bit size (e.g., overhead) of a BAI field for the measurement report 230 that indicates a ratio Np / N of the successful performance monitoring instances Np to the quantity of performance monitoring instances N.
[0085] In some examples (e.g., a first reporting scheme) , the BAI field may indicate a quantity of successful performance monitoring instances Np. In such cases, the quantity of successful performance monitoring instances Np may include performance monitoring instances that satisfy one or more beam prediction criteria. In some examples, the quantity of successful performance monitoring instances Np may increase as the quantity of performance monitoring instances N increases. For example, a size (e.g., bit size, bit width) of the BAI field may increase accordingly to support reporting larger values of Np. The bit size of the BAI field may be based on the quantity of performance monitoring instances N. For example, the bit size may be based on a threshold quantity of performance monitoring instances N. In some cases where N does not satisfy the threshold quantity (e.g., is below the threshold quantity, where N < 8) , the UE 115-a may calculate the bit size of the BAI field using a first function of N. For example, the UE 115-a may calculate the bit size of the BAI field in accordance with Equation 1 below.
[0086] In some other cases where N satisfies the threshold quantity (e.g., equals or exceeds the threshold quantity, where N ≥ 8) , the UE 115-a may calculate the bit size of the BAI field using a second function of N. For example, the UE 115-a may calculate the bit size of the BAI field in accordance with Equation 2 below.
[0087] In some other examples (e.g., a second reporting scheme) , the BAI field may indicate a ratio Np / N of the successful performance monitoring instances Np to the quantity of performance monitoring instances N. Similarly, the bit size of the BAI field may be based on the quantity of performance monitoring instances N. For example, the bit size may be based on a threshold quantity of performance monitoring instances N. In some cases where N does not satisfy the threshold quantity (e.g., is below the threshold quantity, where N < 8) , the UE 115-a may calculate the bit size of the BAI field using the first function of N in accordance with Equation 1 above. In some other cases where N is satisfies the threshold quantity (e.g., N ≥ 8) , the UE 115-a may set the bit size of the BAI field to a fixed value (e.g., 3 bits, 4 bits) . The fixed value for the bit size of the BAI field may be smaller than if the bit size were calculated in accordance with Equation 2 above.
[0088] In such cases, the fixed value for the bit size of the BAI field may reduce overhead associated with the measurement report 230. Additionally, the fixed value for the bit size of the BAI field may indicate a data granularity associated with the BAI field. For example, a bit size of 3 bits may indicate a 12.5%data granularity associated with the BAI field, while a bit size of 4 bits may indicate a 6.25%data granularity associated with the BAI field. Alternatively, the size of the BAI field may be set to a fixed value regardless of the quantity of performance monitoring instances N, which may reduce complexity. For example, the BAI field may be set to a fixed size of 3 bits or 4 bits independent of the quantity of performance monitoring instances N, which may further reduce overhead associated with the measurement report 230.
[0089] In some examples, the network entity 105-a may request beam prediction accuracy information from the UE 115-a before the UE 115-a has monitored each performance monitoring instance (e.g., on-demand) . For example, the UE 115-a may be configured with 64 performance monitoring instances (e.g., N = 64) , but the network entity 105-a may request an indication of beam prediction accuracy after the 32nd performance monitoring instance. In some cases where the UE 115-a reports beam prediction accuracy in accordance with the first reporting scheme (e.g., the UE 115-a reports the quantity of successful performance monitoring instances Np) , the UE 115-a may report the quantity of successful instances until the 32nd performance monitoring instance. In some other cases where the UE 115-a reports beam prediction accuracy in accordance with the second reporting scheme (e.g., the UE 115-a reports the ratio Np / N) , the UE 115-a may report the ratio Np / N until the 32nd performance monitoring instance. That is, the UE 115-a may calculate the ratio Np / N based on the quantity of successful instances until the 32nd performance monitoring instance and the quantity of valid performance monitoring instances until the 32nd performance monitoring instances, which may be less than or equal to 32. In such cases, a valid performance monitoring instance may refer to a performance monitoring instance where the top single predicted beam 220 or the top subset of predicted beams 220 (e.g., the set K of predicted beams 220) resides within the performance monitoring set (e.g., the set M of measured beams 225) . This may be applicable in cases where the performance monitoring set is a subset of the predicted beams 220.
[0090] In some examples, the quantity of performance monitoring instances N may be based on a capability of the UE 115-a. For example, because the UE 115-a may store information (e.g., performance monitoring metrics) associated with each performance monitoring instance before reporting the beam prediction accuracy, the quantity of performance monitoring instances N may be based on a buffer of the UE 115-a. The UE 115-a may transmit a capability report 235 to the network entity 105-a indicating a maximum quantity of performance monitoring instances (e.g., N) supported by the UE 115-a. The UE 115-a may indicate the maximum quantity of performance monitoring instances supported by the UE 115-a in a dedicated field of the capability report 235, which may include additional capability information associated with beam prediction using a machine learning model. In some cases, the UE 115-a may report multiple maximum quantities of performance monitoring instances supported by the UE 115-a for different performance monitoring metrics to be included in the measurement report 230. For example, the capability report 235 may indicate a first value of N associated with beam prediction accuracy, a second value of N associated with a measured signal strength difference, and a third value of N associated with a predicted signal strength difference.
[0091] The UE 115-a may receive a configuration (e.g., a CSI reporting configuration) that includes both a resource allocation (e.g., allocates one or more dedicated resource sets) for performance monitoring and a reporting configuration for reporting information associated with the performance monitoring. In some examples, the CSI reporting configuration may also indicate the quantity of performance monitoring instances N (e.g., indicate a value for N) . In some examples, the UE 115-amay receive the CSI reporting configuration via RRC signaling. In some cases, the RRC signaling (e.g., for configuring any type of CSI report) may indicate a setting associated with the measurement report 230 (e.g., CSI-ReportConfig) that specifies the quantity of performance monitoring instances N. In some other cases, the RRC signaling (e.g., for configuring an aperiodic CSI report) may include one or more fields or information elements associated with the measurement report 230 (e.g., CSI-AssociatedReportConfigInfo) that specifies the quantity of performance monitoring instances N. In an example, an aperiodic CSI report setting may be associated with multiple fields or information elements, where each field or information element indicates a different set of measurement resources and a different value for N. For example, an aperiodic CSI report setting may be associated with multiple CSI-AssociatedReportConfigInfo fields (e.g., because different CSI-AssociatedReportConfigInfo fields are selecting different measurement resources, such as for predicted beams 220 for monitoring, optionally listed in the CSI report setting) such that different associated CSI-AssociatedReportConfigInfo fields are configured with different values of N.
[0092] Additionally, or alternatively, various candidate values of N may be configured by a parent configuration (e.g., the CSI-ReportConfig) , while each child configuration (e.g., CSI-AssociatedReportConfigInfo) may down-select from the candidate values of N. In such cases, the child configuration may implicitly indicate the value of N by indicating a candidate identifier (e.g., associated with a candidate value of N) instead of explicitly indicating the value of N.
[0093] In some other examples, the UE 115-a may receive the CSI reporting configuration via a MAC-CE. In some cases (e.g., for semi-persistent CSI reporting) , the UE 115-a may receive a MAC-CE (e.g., MAC-CE for semi-persistent CSI reporting) that both activates semi-persistent CSI reporting and indicates a value for N. In such cases, the MAC-CE may explicitly indicate the value for N or may indicate a down-selected value from multiple configured values of N (e.g., values configured via RRC) . In some other cases, the UE 115-a may receive a dedicated MAC-CE that indicates (e.g., changes) the value of N for a particular CSI report (e.g., measurement report 230) . Such a dedicated MAC-CE may include an indication of the value of N and an identifier associated with the CSI report (e.g., a CSI report setting identifier, or both a CSI-AperiodicTriggerState identifier and a CSI-AssociatedReportConfigInfo identifier) . In such cases, the MAC-CE may explicitly indicate the value for N or may indicate a down-selected value from multiple configured values of N (e.g., values configured via RRC) . In an example, a dedicated MAC-CE may be used to change the value of N for a particular CSI report by indicating both the value of N and the CSI report setting identifiers, or the CSI-AperiodicTriggerState and CSI-AssociatedReportConfigInfo identifiers.
[0094] The above example MAC-CE is associated with semi-persistent CSI reporting. In some other examples, the UE 115-a may receive a MAC-CE that activates a semi-persistent CSI-reference signal (RS) resource set. If the monitoring reference signals (e.g., BPM-RS) are associated with one or more semi-persistent CSI-RS resource sets, then the MAC-CE (or MAC-CEs) that activate the one or more semi-persistent CSI-RS resource sets may also signal the associated values of N. For example, for performance monitoring, the UE 115-a may calculate different groups of metrics (e.g., performance monitoring metrics) , where each group of metrics is associated with a specific CSI-RS resource set. In such examples, if there are multiple CSI-RS resource sets associated with the multiple monitoring reference signals, each different MAC-CE (e.g., associated with the CSI-RS resource sets) may signal the different values of N. Alternatively, there may be a single CSI-RS resource set associated with the multiple monitoring reference signals.
[0095] In yet some other examples, the UE 115-a may receive the CSI reporting configuration via DCI. For example, the UE 115-a may receive DCI including one or more dedicated fields that indicate one or more values for N for one or more specific CSI reports (e.g., measurement reports 230) . The DCI may explicitly indicate the value or values for N or may indicate a down-selected value from multiple configured values of N (e.g., multiple values configured via RRC) . In some cases, the DCI may be a UL-grant DCI, and the values for N indicated in the DCI may be applied to aperiodic CSI reports triggered by the UL-grant DCI. In some other cases, the DCI may be a DL-grant DCI, and the DCI may also include the identifiers associated with the CSI report (e.g., the CSI report setting identifier, or both the CSI-AperiodicTriggerState identifier and the CSI-AssociatedReportConfigInfo identifier) .
[0096] FIG. 3 shows an example of a process flow 300 that supports beam prediction accuracy reporting for performance monitoring using user equipment-based machine learning in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The process flow 300 may implement or be implemented by aspects of the wireless communications system 100 and the wireless communications system 200 as described with reference to FIGs. 1 and 2. For example, the process flow 300 illustrates actions performed by a UE 115-b and a network entity 105-b, which may be examples of corresponding devices described herein, including with reference to FIGs. 1 and 2. In the following description of the process flow 300, the operations between the UE 115-b and the network entity 105-b may be performed in a different order than the example shown, or the operations between the UE 115-b and the network entity 105-b may be performed in different orders at different times. Some operations may also be omitted from the process flow 300, and other operations may be added to the process flow 300.
[0097] At 305, the UE 115-b may transmit a capability report indicating a capability to perform beam prediction using a machine learning model of the UE 115-b. The capability report may indicate a first quantity of performance monitoring instances supported by the UE 115-b. In some examples, the UE 115-b may transmit the capability report that indicates a third quantity of performance monitoring instances supported by the UE 115-b. In such examples, the first quantity and the third quantity may be associated with different performance monitoring metrics indicated by a measurement report transmitted by the UE 115-b.
[0098] At 310, the UE 115-b may receive control signaling indicating a CSI reporting configuration based on the capability report. The CSI reporting configuration may indicate a second quantity of performance monitoring instances for beam prediction using the machine learning model. In some examples, the second quantity of performance monitoring instances for beam prediction may be based on the first quantity of performance monitoring instances supported by the UE 115-b.
[0099] In some examples, the control signaling may include RRC signaling. In such examples, the RRC signaling may include a report setting associated with the measurement report, where the report setting may indicate the second quantity. Alternatively, the RRC signaling may include one or more fields associated with the measurement report, where the one or more fields may indicate the second quantity of performance monitoring instances for beam prediction.
[0100] In another example, the control signaling may include a MAC-CE. In such examples, the MAC-CE may indicate the second quantity of performance monitoring instances for beam prediction. Alternatively, the MAC-CE may indicate an identifier associated with the measurement report.
[0101] In another example, the control signaling may include DCI. In such examples, the DCI may include one or more fields, where each field of the one or more fields may be associated with a respective measurement report and may indicate a respective value for the second quantity of performance monitoring instances for beam prediction. Each field of the one or more fields may further indicate a respective identifier associated with the respective measurement report.
[0102] At 315, the UE 115-b may determine a predicted set of beams. The UE 115-b may determine the predicted set of beams using a machine learning model. In some examples, the UE 115-b may receive signaling from the network entity 105-b via one or more beams. The UE 115-b may use information associated with the one or more beams as an input to the machine learning model.
[0103] At 320, the UE 115-b may receive one or more reference signals from the network entity 105-a. The UE 115-b may receive the reference signals via the predicted set of beams. In some cases, the UE 115-b may receive the one or more reference signals in response to a request transmitted by the UE 115-b. At 325, the UE 115-b may determine a measured set of beams based on measuring the one or more reference signals. In some cases, the measured set of beams may include the predicted set of beams. In some other cases, the measured set of beams may include a subset of the predicted set of beams. In some examples, the measured set of beams may be referred to as a performance monitoring set (e.g., of beams) .
[0104] At 330, the UE 115-b may compute one or more performance monitoring metrics associated with the machine learning model. For example, the UE 115-b may determine an accuracy associated with the machine learning model. The UE 115-b may compute the accuracy at each performance monitoring instance to determine an accuracy associated with beam prediction using the machine learning model. For example, the UE 115-b may compare the predicted set of beams and the measured set of beams to determine whether there are any beams common to both sets. If the UE 115-b determines that there is at least one common beam for a given performance monitoring instance, the UE 115-b may determine that such a performance monitoring instance satisfies a beam prediction criteria.
[0105] At 335, the UE 115-b may transmit a measurement report comprising a beam accuracy indication field indicating a quantity of beam predictions using the machine learning model that satisfy one or more beam prediction criteria. In some examples, a bit size of the beam accuracy indication field may be based on the CSI reporting configuration. The UE 115-b may transmit the measurement report comprising the beam accuracy field that indicates the quantity of beam predictions that satisfy the one or more beam prediction criteria or a ratio of the quantity of beam predictions that satisfy the one or more beam prediction criteria to the second quantity. In some examples, a first set of beams associated with the quantity of beam predictions that satisfy the one or more beam prediction criteria may overlap at least partially with a second set of beams associated with beam measurement by the UE 115-b.
[0106] In some examples, the bit size may be based on the second quantity. In some cases, the bit size may be a first function of the second quantity based on the second quantity failing to satisfy a threshold quantity or may be a second function of the second quantity based at least in part on the second quantity satisfying the threshold quantity. In some other cases, the bit size may be a function of the second quantity based on the second quantity failing to satisfy a threshold quantity or may be a fixed value based on the second quantity satisfying the threshold quantity. In such cases, the fixed value may indicate a granularity associated with the beam accuracy indication field. In some other examples, the bit size may be a fixed value.
[0107] In some examples, the UE 115-b may receive the control signaling or additional control signaling that triggers the UE 115-b to transmit the measurement report after processing of a subset of the second quantity of performance monitoring instances. In such examples, the measurement report may indicate a quantity of beam predictions for the subset that satisfy the one or more beam prediction criteria or a ratio of the quantity of beam predictions for the subset that satisfy the one or more beam prediction criteria to a quantity of performance monitoring instances in the subset.
[0108] FIG. 4 shows a block diagram 400 of a device 405 that supports beam prediction accuracy reporting for performance monitoring using user equipment-based machine learning in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 405 may be an example of aspects of a UE 115 as described herein. The device 405 may include a receiver 410, a transmitter 415, and a communications manager 420. The device 405, or one or more components of the device 405 (e.g., the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, the communications manager 420) , may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to, individually or collectively, support or enable the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
[0109] The receiver 410 may provide a means for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to beam prediction accuracy reporting for performance monitoring using user equipment-based machine learning) . Information may be passed on to other components of the device 405. The receiver 410 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0110] The transmitter 415 may provide a means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 405. For example, the transmitter 415 may transmit information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to beam prediction accuracy reporting for performance monitoring using user equipment-based machine learning) . In some examples, the transmitter 415 may be co-located with a receiver 410 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 415 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0111] The communications manager 420, the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or various combinations or components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of beam prediction accuracy reporting for performance monitoring using user equipment-based machine learning as described herein. For example, the communications manager 420, the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or various combinations or components thereof may be capable of performing one or more of the functions described herein.
[0112] In some examples, the communications manager 420, the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry) . The hardware may include at least one of a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , a central processing unit (CPU) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some examples, at least one processor and at least one memory coupled with the at least one processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by one or more processors, individually or collectively, executing instructions stored in the at least one memory) .
[0113] Additionally, or alternatively, the communications manager 420, the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code (e.g., as communications management software or firmware) executed by at least one processor (e.g., referred to as a processor-executable code) . If implemented in code executed by at least one processor, the functions of the communications manager 420, the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, a microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure) .
[0114] In some examples, the communications manager 420 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or both. For example, the communications manager 420 may receive information from the receiver 410, send information to the transmitter 415, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.
[0115] The communications manager 420 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 420 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a capability report indicating a capability to perform beam prediction using a machine learning model of the UE, the capability report indicating a first quantity of performance monitoring instances supported by the UE. The communications manager 420 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving control signaling indicating a CSI reporting configuration based on the capability report, the CSI reporting configuration indicating a second quantity of performance monitoring instances for beam prediction using the machine learning model. The communications manager 420 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a measurement report including a beam accuracy indication field indicating a quantity of beam predictions using the machine learning model that satisfy one or more beam prediction criteria, where a bit size of the beam accuracy indication field is based on the CSI reporting configuration.
[0116] By including or configuring the communications manager 420 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 405 (e.g., at least one processor controlling or otherwise coupled with the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, the communications manager 420, or a combination thereof) may support techniques for more efficient utilization of communication resources.
[0117] FIG. 5 shows a block diagram 500 of a device 505 that supports beam prediction accuracy reporting for performance monitoring using user equipment-based machine learning in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 505 may be an example of aspects of a device 405 or a UE 115 as described herein. The device 505 may include a receiver 510, a transmitter 515, and a communications manager 520. The device 505, or one or more components of the device 505 (e.g., the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, the communications manager 520) , may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to support the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
[0118] The receiver 510 may provide a means for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to beam prediction accuracy reporting for performance monitoring using user equipment-based machine learning) . Information may be passed on to other components of the device 505. The receiver 510 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0119] The transmitter 515 may provide a means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 505. For example, the transmitter 515 may transmit information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to beam prediction accuracy reporting for performance monitoring using user equipment-based machine learning) . In some examples, the transmitter 515 may be co-located with a receiver 510 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 515 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0120] The device 505, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of beam prediction accuracy reporting for performance monitoring using user equipment-based machine learning as described herein. For example, the communications manager 520 may include a capability reporting component 525, a control signaling component 530, a measurement reporting component 535, or any combination thereof. The communications manager 520 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 420 as described herein. In some examples, the communications manager 520, or various components thereof, may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or both. For example, the communications manager 520 may receive information from the receiver 510, send information to the transmitter 515, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.
[0121] The communications manager 520 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The capability reporting component 525 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a capability report indicating a capability to perform beam prediction using a machine learning model of the UE, the capability report indicating a first quantity of performance monitoring instances supported by the UE. The control signaling component 530 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving control signaling indicating a CSI reporting configuration based on the capability report, the CSI reporting configuration indicating a second quantity of performance monitoring instances for beam prediction using the machine learning model. The measurement reporting component 535 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a measurement report including a beam accuracy indication field indicating a quantity of beam predictions using the machine learning model that satisfy one or more beam prediction criteria, where a bit size of the beam accuracy indication field is based on the CSI reporting configuration.
[0122] FIG. 6 shows a block diagram 600 of a communications manager 620 that supports beam prediction accuracy reporting for performance monitoring using user equipment-based machine learning in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The communications manager 620 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 420, a communications manager 520, or both, as described herein. The communications manager 620, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of beam prediction accuracy reporting for performance monitoring using user equipment-based machine learning as described herein. For example, the communications manager 620 may include a capability reporting component 625, a control signaling component 630, a measurement reporting component 635, or any combination thereof. Each of these components, or components or subcomponents thereof (e.g., one or more processors, one or more memories) , may communicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
[0123] The communications manager 620 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The capability reporting component 625 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a capability report indicating a capability to perform beam prediction using a machine learning model of the UE, the capability report indicating a first quantity of performance monitoring instances supported by the UE. The control signaling component 630 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving control signaling indicating a CSI reporting configuration based on the capability report, the CSI reporting configuration indicating a second quantity of performance monitoring instances for beam prediction using the machine learning model. The measurement reporting component 635 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a measurement report including a beam accuracy indication field indicating a quantity of beam predictions using the machine learning model that satisfy one or more beam prediction criteria, where a bit size of the beam accuracy indication field is based on the CSI reporting configuration.
[0124] In some examples, the control signaling component 630 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving the control signaling or additional control signaling that triggers the UE to transmit the measurement report after processing of a subset of the second quantity of performance monitoring instances.
[0125] In some examples, the measurement report indicates a quantity of beam predictions for the subset that satisfy the one or more beam prediction criteria; or a ratio of the quantity of beam predictions for the subset that satisfy the one or more beam prediction criteria to a quantity of performance monitoring instances in the subset.
[0126] In some examples, to support transmitting the measurement report, the measurement reporting component 635 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting the measurement report including the beam accuracy indication field that indicates: the quantity of beam predictions that satisfy the one or more beam prediction criteria; or a ratio of the quantity of beam predictions that satisfy the one or more beam prediction criteria to the second quantity.
[0127] In some examples, to support transmitting the capability report, the capability reporting component 625 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting the capability report that indicates a third quantity of performance monitoring instances supported by the UE, where the first quantity and the third quantity are associated with different performance monitoring metrics indicated by the measurement report.
[0128] In some examples, the bit size is based on the second quantity.
[0129] In some examples, the bit size is a first function of the second quantity based on the second quantity failing to satisfy a threshold quantity; or the bit size is a second function of the second quantity based on the second quantity satisfying the threshold quantity.
[0130] In some examples, the bit size is a function of the second quantity based on the second quantity failing to satisfy a threshold quantity; or the bit size is a fixed value based on the second quantity satisfying the threshold quantity, the fixed value indicating a granularity associated with the beam accuracy indication field.
[0131] In some examples, the bit size is a fixed value.
[0132] In some examples, a first set of beams associated with the quantity of beam predictions that satisfy the one or more beam prediction criteria overlaps at least partially with a second set of beams associated with beam measurement by the UE.
[0133] In some examples, the second quantity of performance monitoring instances for beam prediction is based on the first quantity of performance monitoring instances supported by the UE.
[0134] In some examples, the control signaling includes RRC signaling. In some examples, the RRC signaling includes a report setting associated with the measurement report, the report setting indicating the second quantity.
[0135] In some examples, the control signaling includes RRC signaling. In some examples, the RRC signaling includes one or more fields associated with the measurement report, the one or more fields indicating the second quantity of performance monitoring instances for beam prediction.
[0136] In some examples, the control signaling includes a MAC-CE. In some examples, the MAC-CE indicates the second quantity of performance monitoring instances for beam prediction.
[0137] In some examples, the control signaling includes a MAC-CE. In some examples, the MAC-CE indicates an identifier associated with the measurement report.
[0138] In some examples, the control signaling includes DCI. In some examples, the DCI includes one or more fields. In some examples, each field of the one or more fields is associated with a respective measurement report and indicates a respective value for the second quantity of performance monitoring instances for beam prediction.
[0139] In some examples, each field of the one or more fields further indicates a respective identifier associated with the respective measurement report.
[0140] FIG. 7 shows a diagram of a system 700 including a device 705 that supports beam prediction accuracy reporting for performance monitoring using user equipment-based machine learning in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 705 may be an example of or include components of a device 405, a device 505, or a UE 115 as described herein. The device 705 may communicate (e.g., wirelessly) with one or more other devices (e.g., network entities 105, UEs 115, or a combination thereof) . The device 705 may include components for bi-directional voice and data communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a communications manager 720, an input / output (I / O) controller, such as an I / O controller 710, a transceiver 715, one or more antennas 725, at least one memory 730, code 735, and at least one processor 740. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., a bus 745) .
[0141] The I / O controller 710 may manage input and output signals for the device 705. The I / O controller 710 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the device 705. In some cases, the I / O controller 710 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral. In some cases, the I / O controller 710 may utilize an operating system such as or another known operating system. Additionally, or alternatively, the I / O controller 710 may represent or interact with a modem, a keyboard, a mouse, a touchscreen, or a similar device. In some cases, the I / O controller 710 may be implemented as part of one or more processors, such as the at least one processor 740. In some cases, a user may interact with the device 705 via the I / O controller 710 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 710.
[0142] In some cases, the device 705 may include a single antenna. However, in some other cases, the device 705 may have more than one antenna, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 715 may communicate bi-directionally via the one or more antennas 725 using wired or wireless links as described herein. For example, the transceiver 715 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 715 may also include a modem to modulate the packets, to provide the modulated packets to one or more antennas 725 for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the one or more antennas 725. The transceiver 715, or the transceiver 715 and one or more antennas 725, may be an example of a transmitter 415, a transmitter 515, a receiver 410, a receiver 510, or any combination thereof or component thereof, as described herein.
[0143] The at least one memory 730 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM) . The at least one memory 730 may store computer-readable, computer-executable, or processor-executable code, such as the code 735. The code 735 may include instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor 740, cause the device 705 to perform various functions described herein. The code 735 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, the code 735 may not be directly executable by the at least one processor 740 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some cases, the at least one memory 730 may include, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS) which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.
[0144] The at least one processor 740 may include one or more intelligent hardware devices (e.g., one or more general-purpose processors, one or more DSPs, one or more CPUs, one or more graphics processing units (GPUs) , one or more neural processing units (NPUs) (also referred to as neural network processors or deep learning processors (DLPs) ) , one or more microcontrollers, one or more ASICs, one or more FPGAs, one or more programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic, one or more discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof) . In some cases, the at least one processor 740 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, a memory controller may be integrated into the at least one processor 740. The at least one processor 740 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the at least one memory 730) to cause the device 705 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting beam prediction accuracy reporting for performance monitoring using user equipment-based machine learning) . For example, the device 705 or a component of the device 705 may include at least one processor 740 and at least one memory 730 coupled with or to the at least one processor 740, the at least one processor 740 and the at least one memory 730 configured to perform various functions described herein.
[0145] In some examples, the at least one processor 740 may include multiple processors and the at least one memory 730 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the at least one processor 740 may be a component of a processing system, which may refer to a system (such as a series) of machines, circuitry (including, for example, one or both of processor circuitry (which may include the at least one processor 740) and memory circuitry (which may include the at least one memory 730) ) , or components, that receives or obtains inputs and processes the inputs to produce, generate, or obtain a set of outputs. The processing system may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein. For example, the at least one processor 740 or a processing system including the at least one processor 740 may be configured to, configurable to, or operable to cause the device 705 to perform one or more of the functions described herein. Further, as described herein, being “configured to, ” being “configurable to, ” and being “operable to” may be used interchangeably and may be associated with a capability, when executing code 735 (e.g., processor-executable code) stored in the at least one memory 730 or otherwise, to perform one or more of the functions described herein.
[0146] The communications manager 720 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 720 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a capability report indicating a capability to perform beam prediction using a machine learning model of the UE, the capability report indicating a first quantity of performance monitoring instances supported by the UE. The communications manager 720 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving control signaling indicating a CSI reporting configuration based on the capability report, the CSI reporting configuration indicating a second quantity of performance monitoring instances for beam prediction using the machine learning model. The communications manager 720 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a measurement report including a beam accuracy indication field indicating a quantity of beam predictions using the machine learning model that satisfy one or more beam prediction criteria, where a bit size of the beam accuracy indication field is based on the CSI reporting configuration.
[0147] By including or configuring the communications manager 720 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 705 may support techniques for improved communication reliability, reduced latency, and improved user experience related to more efficient utilization of communication resources.
[0148] In some examples, the communications manager 720 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the transceiver 715, the one or more antennas 725, or any combination thereof. Although the communications manager 720 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communications manager 720 may be supported by or performed by the at least one processor 740, the at least one memory 730, the code 735, or any combination thereof. For example, the code 735 may include instructions executable by the at least one processor 740 to cause the device 705 to perform various aspects of beam prediction accuracy reporting for performance monitoring using user equipment-based machine learning as described herein, or the at least one processor 740 and the at least one memory 730 may be otherwise configured to, individually or collectively, perform or support such operations.
[0149] FIG. 8 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 800 that supports beam prediction accuracy reporting for performance monitoring using user equipment-based machine learning in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 800 may be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 800 may be performed by a UE 115 as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 7. In some examples, a UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0150] At 805, the method may include transmitting a capability report indicating a capability to perform beam prediction using a machine learning model of the UE, the capability report indicating a first quantity of performance monitoring instances supported by the UE. The operations of 805 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 805 may be performed by a capability reporting component 625 as described with reference to FIG. 6.
[0151] At 810, the method may include receiving control signaling indicating a CSI reporting configuration based on the capability report, the CSI reporting configuration indicating a second quantity of performance monitoring instances for beam prediction using the machine learning model. The operations of 810 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 810 may be performed by a control signaling component 630 as described with reference to FIG. 6.
[0152] At 815, the method may include transmitting a measurement report including a beam accuracy indication field indicating a quantity of beam predictions using the machine learning model that satisfy one or more beam prediction criteria, where a bit size of the beam accuracy indication field is based on the CSI reporting configuration. The operations of 815 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 815 may be performed by a measurement reporting component 635 as described with reference to FIG. 6.
[0153] The following provides an overview of aspects of the present disclosure:
[0154] Aspect 1: A method for wireless communications at a UE, comprising: transmitting a capability report indicating a capability to perform beam prediction using a machine learning model of the UE, the capability report indicating a first quantity of performance monitoring instances supported by the UE; receiving control signaling indicating a CSI reporting configuration based at least in part on the capability report, the CSI reporting configuration indicating a second quantity of performance monitoring instances for beam prediction using the machine learning model; and transmitting a measurement report comprising a beam accuracy indication field indicating a quantity of beam predictions using the machine learning model that satisfy one or more beam prediction criteria, wherein a bit size of the beam accuracy indication field is based at least in part on the CSI reporting configuration.
[0155] Aspect 2: The method of aspect 1, further comprising: receiving the control signaling or additional control signaling that triggers the UE to transmit the measurement report after processing of a subset of the second quantity of performance monitoring instances.
[0156] Aspect 3: The method of aspect 2, wherein the measurement report indicates a quantity of beam predictions for the subset that satisfy the one or more beam prediction criteria; or a ratio of the quantity of beam predictions for the subset that satisfy the one or more beam prediction criteria to a quantity of performance monitoring instances in the subset.
[0157] Aspect 4: The method of any of aspects 1 through 3, wherein transmitting the measurement report further comprises: transmitting the measurement report comprising the beam accuracy indication field that indicates: the quantity of beam predictions that satisfy the one or more beam prediction criteria; or a ratio of the quantity of beam predictions that satisfy the one or more beam prediction criteria to the second quantity.
[0158] Aspect 5: The method of any of aspects 1 through 4, wherein transmitting the capability report further comprises: transmitting the capability report that indicates a third quantity of performance monitoring instances supported by the UE, wherein the first quantity and the third quantity are associated with different performance monitoring metrics indicated by the measurement report.
[0159] Aspect 6: The method of any of aspects 1 through 5, wherein the bit size is based at least in part on the second quantity.
[0160] Aspect 7: The method of aspect 6, wherein the bit size is a first function of the second quantity based at least in part on the second quantity failing to satisfy a threshold quantity; or the bit size is a second function of the second quantity based at least in part on the second quantity satisfying the threshold quantity.
[0161] Aspect 8: The method of any of aspect 6, wherein the bit size is a function of the second quantity based at least in part on the second quantity failing to satisfy a threshold quantity; or the bit size is a fixed value based at least in part on the second quantity satisfying the threshold quantity, the fixed value indicating a granularity associated with the beam accuracy indication field.
[0162] Aspect 9: The method of any of aspect 1, wherein the bit size is a fixed value.
[0163] Aspect 10: The method of any of aspects 1 through 9, wherein a first set of beams associated with the quantity of beam predictions that satisfy the one or more beam prediction criteria overlaps at least partially with a second set of beams associated with beam measurement by the UE.
[0164] Aspect 11: The method of any of aspects 1 through 10, wherein the second quantity of performance monitoring instances for beam prediction is based at least in part on the first quantity of performance monitoring instances supported by the UE.
[0165] Aspect 12: The method of any of aspects 1 through 11, wherein the control signaling comprises RRC signaling, and the RRC signaling comprises a report setting associated with the measurement report, the report setting indicating the second quantity.
[0166] Aspect 13: The method of any of aspects 1 through 12, wherein the control signaling comprises RRC signaling, and the RRC signaling comprises one or more fields associated with the measurement report, the one or more fields indicating the second quantity of performance monitoring instances for beam prediction.
[0167] Aspect 14: The method of any of aspects 1 through 11, wherein the control signaling comprises a MAC-CE, and the MAC-CE signaling indicates the second quantity of performance monitoring instances for beam prediction.
[0168] Aspect 15: The method of aspect 14, wherein the control signaling comprises a MAC-CE, and the MAC-CE indicates an identifier associated with the measurement report.
[0169] Aspect 16: The method of any of aspects 1 through 11, wherein the control signaling comprises DCI, the DCI comprises one or more fields, and each field of the one or more fields is associated with a respective measurement report and indicates a respective value for the second quantity of performance monitoring instances for beam prediction.
[0170] Aspect 17: The method of aspect 16, wherein each field of the one or more fields further indicates a respective identifier associated with the respective measurement report.
[0171] Aspect 18: A UE for wireless communications, comprising one or more memories storing processor-executable code, and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the UE to perform a method of any of aspects 1 through 17.
[0172] Aspect 19: A UE for wireless communications, comprising at least one means for performing a method of any of aspects 1 through 17.
[0173] Aspect 20: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications, the code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors to perform a method of any of aspects 1 through 17.
[0174] It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible implementations. The operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and other implementations are possible. Further, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.
[0175] Although aspects of an LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR system may be described for purposes of example, and LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR terminology may be used in much of the description, the techniques described herein are applicable beyond LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the described techniques may be applicable to various other wireless communications systems such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB) , Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi) , IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) , IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, as well as other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.
[0176] Information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
[0177] The various illustrative blocks and components described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed using a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, a graphics processing unit (GPU) , a neural processing unit (NPU) , an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor but, in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration) . Any functions or operations described herein as being capable of being performed by a processor may be performed by multiple processors that, individually or collectively, are capable of performing the described functions or operations.
[0178] The functions described herein may be implemented using hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented using software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored as or transmitted using one or more instructions or code of a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations.
[0179] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one location to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) , flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that may be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL) , or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of computer-readable medium. Disk and disc, as used herein, include CD, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD) , floppy disk, and Blu-ray disc. Disks may reproduce data magnetically, and discs may reproduce data optically using lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media. Any functions or operations described herein as being capable of being performed by a memory may be performed by multiple memories that, individually or collectively, are capable of performing the described functions or operations.
[0180] As used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of” or “one or more of” ) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C) . Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on. ”
[0181] As used herein, including in the claims, the article “a” before a noun is open-ended and understood to refer to “at least one” of those nouns or “one or more” of those nouns. Thus, the terms “a, ” “at least one, ” “one or more, ” and “at least one of one or more” may be interchangeable. For example, if a claim recites “a component” that performs one or more functions, each of the individual functions may be performed by a single component or by any combination of multiple components. Thus, the term “acomponent” having characteristics or performing functions may refer to “at least one of one or more components” having a particular characteristic or performing a particular function. Subsequent reference to a component introduced with the article “a” using the terms “the” or “said” may refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, a component introduced with the article “a” may be understood to mean “one or more components, ” and referring to “the component” subsequently in the claims may be understood to be equivalent to referring to “at least one of the one or more components. ” Similarly, subsequent reference to a component introduced as “one or more components” using the terms “the” or “said” may refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, referring to “the one or more components” subsequently in the claims may be understood to be equivalent to referring to “at least one of the one or more components. ”
[0182] The term “determine” or “determining” encompasses a variety of actions and, therefore, “determining” can include calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (such as via looking up in a table, a database, or another data structure) , ascertaining, and the like. Also, “determining” can include receiving (e.g., receiving information) , accessing (e.g., accessing data stored in memory) , and the like. Also, “determining” can include resolving, obtaining, selecting, choosing, establishing, and other such similar actions.
[0183] In the appended figures, similar components or features may have the same reference label. Further, various components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference label by a dash and a second label that distinguishes among the similar components. If just the first reference label is used in the specification, the description is applicable to any one of the similar components having the same first reference label irrespective of the second reference label or other subsequent reference label.
[0184] The description set forth herein, in connection with the appended drawings, describes example configurations and does not represent all the examples that may be implemented or that are within the scope of the claims. The term “example” used herein means “serving as an example, instance, or illustration” and not “preferred” or “advantageous over other examples. ” The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing an understanding of the described techniques. These techniques, however, may be practiced without these specific details. In some figures, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.
[0185] The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1.A user equipment (UE) , comprising:one or more memories storing processor-executable code; andone or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the UE to:transmit a capability report indicating a capability to perform beam prediction using a machine learning model of the UE, the capability report indicating a first quantity of performance monitoring instances supported by the UE;receive control signaling indicating a channel state information (CSI) reporting configuration based at least in part on the capability report, the CSI reporting configuration indicating a second quantity of performance monitoring instances for beam prediction using the machine learning model; andtransmit a measurement report comprising a beam accuracy indication field indicating a quantity of beam predictions using the machine learning model that satisfy one or more beam prediction criteria, wherein a bit size of the beam accuracy indication field is based at least in part on the CSI reporting configuration.2.The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to:receive the control signaling or additional control signaling that triggers the UE to transmit the measurement report after processing of a subset of the second quantity of performance monitoring instances.3.The UE of claim 2, wherein the measurement report indicates:a quantity of beam predictions for the subset that satisfy the one or more beam prediction criteria; ora ratio of the quantity of beam predictions for the subset that satisfy the one or more beam prediction criteria to a quantity of performance monitoring instances in the subset.4.The UE of claim 1, wherein, to transmit the measurement report, the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to:transmit the measurement report comprising the beam accuracy indication field that indicates:the quantity of beam predictions that satisfy the one or more beam prediction criteria; ora ratio of the quantity of beam predictions that satisfy the one or more beam prediction criteria to the second quantity.5.The UE of claim 1, wherein, to transmit the capability report, the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to:transmit the capability report that indicates a third quantity of performance monitoring instances supported by the UE, wherein the first quantity and the third quantity are associated with different performance monitoring metrics indicated by the measurement report.6.The UE of claim 1, wherein the bit size is based at least in part on the second quantity.7.The UE of claim 6, wherein:the bit size is a first function of the second quantity based at least in part on the second quantity failing to satisfy a threshold quantity; orthe bit size is a second function of the second quantity based at least in part on the second quantity satisfying the threshold quantity.8.The UE of claim 6, wherein:the bit size is a function of the second quantity based at least in part on the second quantity failing to satisfy a threshold quantity; orthe bit size is a fixed value based at least in part on the second quantity satisfying the threshold quantity, the fixed value indicating a granularity associated with the beam accuracy indication field.9.The UE of claim 1, wherein the bit size is a fixed value.10.The UE of claim 1, wherein a first set of beams associated with the quantity of beam predictions that satisfy the one or more beam prediction criteria overlaps at least partially with a second set of beams associated with beam measurement by the UE.11.The UE of claim 1, wherein the second quantity of performance monitoring instances for beam prediction is based at least in part on the first quantity of performance monitoring instances supported by the UE.12.The UE of claim 1, wherein the control signaling comprises radio resource control (RRC) signaling, and wherein the RRC signaling comprises a report setting associated with the measurement report, the report setting indicating the second quantity.13.The UE of claim 1, wherein the control signaling comprises radio resource control (RRC) signaling, and wherein the RRC signaling comprises one or more fields associated with the measurement report, the one or more fields indicating the second quantity of performance monitoring instances for beam prediction.14.The UE of claim 1, wherein the control signaling comprises a medium access control-control element (MAC-CE) , and wherein the MAC-CE indicates the second quantity of performance monitoring instances for beam prediction.15.The UE of claim 14, wherein the control signaling comprises a medium access control-control element (MAC-CE) , and wherein the MAC-CE indicates an identifier associated with the measurement report.16.The UE of claim 1, wherein the control signaling comprises downlink control information (DCI) , wherein the DCI comprises one or more fields, and wherein each field of the one or more fields is associated with a respective measurement report and indicates a respective value for the second quantity of performance monitoring instances for beam prediction.17.The UE of claim 16, wherein each field of the one or more fields further indicates a respective identifier associated with the respective measurement report.18.A method for wireless communications at a user equipment (UE) , comprising:transmitting a capability report indicating a capability to perform beam prediction using a machine learning model of the UE, the capability report indicating a first quantity of performance monitoring instances supported by the UE;receiving control signaling indicating a channel state information (CSI) reporting configuration based at least in part on the capability report, the CSI reporting configuration indicating a second quantity of performance monitoring instances for beam prediction using the machine learning model; andtransmitting a measurement report comprising a beam accuracy indication field indicating a quantity of beam predictions using the machine learning model that satisfy one or more beam prediction criteria, wherein a bit size of the beam accuracy indication field is based at least in part on the CSI reporting configuration.19.The method of claim 18, wherein the bit size is based at least in part on the second quantity.20.A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications, the code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors to:transmit a capability report indicating a capability to perform beam prediction using a machine learning model of the non-transitory computer-readable medium, the capability report indicating a first quantity of performance monitoring instances supported by the non-transitory computer-readable medium;receive control signaling indicating a channel state information (CSI) reporting configuration based at least in part on the capability report, the CSI reporting configuration indicating a second quantity of performance monitoring instances for beam prediction using the machine learning model; andtransmit a measurement report comprising a beam accuracy indication field indicating a quantity of beam predictions using the machine learning model that satisfy one or more beam prediction criteria, wherein a bit size of the beam accuracy indication field is based at least in part on the CSI reporting configuration.