Apparatuses and methods for signaling a number of OCC groups for RV cycling
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-07
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-13
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Figure CN2025076127_13082026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
APPARATUSES AND METHODS FOR SIGNALING A NUMBER OF OCC GROUPS FOR RV CYCLING
[0001] FIELD OF DISCLOSURE
[0002] The following disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, in particular communication networks, in particular wireless communication networks.BACKGROUND
[0003] Wireless communication networks aim to provide seamless connectivity to numerous user equipment (UE) such as smartphones, tablets, and other wireless devices. These networks rely on both uplink and downlink transmissions to ensure efficient communication between UEs and the network.
[0004] One of the challenges in current mobile communication networks such as 3GPP networks is the limited uplink capacity or throughput. This limitation can be attributed to various factors, including interference from neighboring cells, imperfect channel estimation, and resource allocation strategies that do not fully exploit the available bandwidth. The uplink resources are typically shared among multiple UEs, leading to contention and reduced efficiency when multiple devices attempt to transmit simultaneously.
[0005] It is therefore an objective of the present disclosure to provide enhancements to uplink capacity / cell throughput in mobile communication networks. Specifically, the disclosure aims to improve multiplexing of multiple UEs within the same time-frequency resources.
[0006] SUMMARY OF SOME EXAMPLE EMBODIMENTS
[0007] Redundancy Version (RV) cycling is a technique that may be used in wireless communications to improve the reliability and robustness of data transmissions by leveraging redundant versions of the same information. It may involve sending multiple variations (redundancies) of the original data. The receiving end may then combine these redundant versions to enhance the accuracy and completeness of the received data.
[0008] Further, Orthogonal Cover Codes (OCCs) may be used to mitigate interference between UEs and / or improve system performance. UEs using OCCs may use different OCC lengths. Depending on how RV cycling is used together with OCCs, multiplexing of UEs may or may not be possible in some scenarios.
[0009] To allow multiplexing UEs using different OCC lengths, it is proposed to support dynamic indication of a number or set of OCC groups for RV cycling. A same RV version may be used for all the repetitions within a set of OCC groups. RV cycling may be used across the set of OCC groups. A number or set of OCC groups may be dynamically indicated by network.
[0010] According to a first example aspect, the following is disclosed:
[0011] A method performed by a user equipment, UE, the method comprising:
[0012] receiving signaling which indicates that a same redundancy version, RV, is to be used by the UE for transmitting uplink signal repetitions in a set of one or more orthogonal cover code, OCC, groups;
[0013] determining, based on the received signaling, the set of one or more OCC groups in which the uplink signal repetitions are to be transmitted by the UE using the same RV; and
[0014] transmitting the uplink signal repetitions in the set of one or more OCC groups using the same RV.
[0015] A user equipment, UE, comprising:
[0016] means for receiving signaling which indicates that a same redundancy version, RV, is to be used by the UE for transmitting uplink signal repetitions in a set of one or more orthogonal cover code, OCC, groups;
[0017] means for determining, based on the received signaling, the set of one or more OCC groups in which the uplink signal repetitions are to be transmitted by the UE using the same RV; and
[0018] means for transmitting the uplink signal repetitions in the set of one or more OCC groups using the same RV.
[0019] According to a second example aspect, the following is disclosed:
[0020] A method performed by a network entity, the method comprising:
[0021] transmitting, to a user equipment, UE, signaling which indicates that a same redundancy version, RV, is to be used by the UE for transmitting uplink signal repetitions in a set of one or more orthogonal cover code, OCC, groups;
[0022] receiving, from the UE, the uplink signal repetitions in the set of the one or more OCC groups, the uplink signal repetitions being based on the same RV.
[0023] A network entity comprising:
[0024] means for transmitting, to a user equipment, UE, signaling which indicates that a same redundancy version, RV, is to be used by the UE for transmitting uplink signal repetitions in a set of one or more orthogonal cover code, OCC, groups;
[0025] means for receiving, from the UE, the uplink signal repetitions in the set of the one or more OCC groups, the uplink signal repetitions being based on the same RV.
[0026] According to a third example aspect, the following is disclosed:
[0027] A signaling which indicates that a same redundancy version, RV, is to be used by a user equipment, UE, for transmitting uplink signal repetitions in a set of one or more orthogonal cover code, OCC, groups.
[0028] The signaling may be an electrical signal or a radio signal. For example, it may be comprised in a transmission, for instance from a network to a UE or the other way around.
[0029] Whenever it is referred to as a UE or a network entity, it is to be understood that this is merely an example for an apparatus and that any apparatus may have the described functionality.
[0030] Any disclosure herein relating to any example aspect is to be understood to be equally disclosed with respect to any subject-matter according to the respective example aspect, e.g. relating to an apparatus, a method, a computer program, and a computer-readable medium. For example, any passage describing at least one processor; and at least one memory including instructions; the at least one memory and the instructions configured to, with the at least one processor, cause an apparatus at least to perform a step is to be understood as disclosing the step as a method step itself. The same holds the other way around, i.e., any passage describing a method or method step is to be understood as disclosing that at least one processor; and at least one memory including instructions; the at least one memory and the instructions configured to, with the at least one processor, cause an apparatus at least to perform the method or method step. The disclosure of a method or a method step shall also be considered as a disclosure of means for performing and / or causing to perform the respective method or method step. Likewise, the disclosure of means for performing and / or causing to perform a method or method step shall also be considered as a disclosure of the method or method step itself.
[0031] Specifically, an apparatus (e.g., a network entity or UE) is disclosed, configured to carry out, perform and / or control or comprising respective means for performing and / or controlling the method according to any of the above-mentioned example aspects. According to a further example aspect, an apparatus (e.g., a UE or network entity) is disclosed comprising at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform the method according to any aspect.
[0032] The apparatus (e.g., UE or network entity) according to any aspect may comprise one or more means for performing the specified method or steps.
[0033] The disclosed apparatus according to any aspect may comprise only (i.e., consist of) the disclosed components, for instance means, processor, memory, circuitry, or may further comprise one or more additional components.
[0034] The means may be implemented in hardware and / or software. They may comprise for instance at least one processor for executing processor instructions for performing the required functions, at least one memory storing the instructions, or both. Additionally or alternatively, they could comprise for instance circuitry that is designed or configured to implement the required functions, for instance implemented in a chipset or a chip, like an integrated circuit. In general, the means may comprise for instance one or more processing means or processors.
[0035] As used in this application, the term “circuitry” may refer to one or more or all of the following:
[0036] (a) hardware-only circuit implementations (such as implementations in e.g. analog and / or digital circuitry) and
[0037] (b) combinations of hardware circuits and software, such as (as applicable) :
[0038] (i) a combination of analog and / or digital hardware circuit (s) with software / firmware and
[0039] (ii) any portions of hardware processor (s) with software (including digital signal processor (s) ) , software, and memory (ies) that work together to cause an apparatus, such as a UE or network entity, to perform various functions, and
[0040] (c) hardware circuit (s) and or processor (s) , such as a microprocessor (s) or a portion of a microprocessor (s) , that requires software (e.g., firmware) for operation, but the software may not be present when it is not needed for operation.
[0041] This definition of circuitry applies to all uses of this term in this application, including in any claims. As a further example, as used in this application, the term circuitry also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor (or multiple processors) or portion of a hardware circuit or processor and its (or their) accompanying software and / or firmware. The term circuitry also covers, for example and if applicable to the particular claim element, a baseband integrated circuit or processor integrated circuit for a mobile device or a similar integrated circuit in server, a cellular network device, or other computing or network device. Any apparatus mentioned herein may comprise circuitry.
[0042] A UE may be an apparatus that allows a user or an application access to network services. For example, a UE may be a cell phone, smartphone, tablet, laptop, TV or IoT-device. The link between the UE and the network may be a radio link.
[0043] A network entity may be a network entity of a communications network, for instance a TRP, a gNB, a RAN node, a base station, or part thereof. A network entity may comprise or consist of several network entities. A network entity may be a distributed entity. For example, parts of its functionality may be run by different physical devices.
[0044] Further, a computer program product is disclosed, the computer program product when executed by a processor of an apparatus (e.g., a UE) causing said apparatus to perform a method according to any example aspect.
[0045] Moreover, a computer program is disclosed, the computer program when executed by a processor causing one or more apparatuses, for instance a UE or network entity, to perform and / or control the actions of the method according to any example aspect.
[0046] Additionally, a computer readable storage medium (e.g. tangible and / or non-transitory) is disclosed, the computer readable storage medium comprising at least one of the disclosed computer program products or computer programs.
[0047] Furthermore, a system is disclosed. The system may comprise at least one of the following: one or more UE and one or more network entities.
[0048] In the following, example features and example embodiments of all aspects will be described in further detail.
[0049] An uplink signal may refer to data transmitted from UE to a base station or network entity. Various types of uplink signals may be employed to support different aspects of communication. For instance, the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) may be used for transmitting user data, e.g., in 5G networks. PUSCH may use a range of modulation schemes and coding rates that adapt to varying channel conditions. It may enable multiple users to share the same time-frequency resources.
[0050] An uplink signal (e.g., PUSCH) may be associated with one or more reference signals, for example Demodulation-Reference Signal (DMRS) and / or Phase Tracking-Reference Signal (PT-RS) . A reference signal (e.g., DMRS) may be used for channel estimation as part of coherent demodulation of the uplink signal.
[0051] The time-frequency structure of a reference signal may depend on the type of waveform configured for PUSCH. For example, the waveform may be configured as cyclic-prefix-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CP-OFDM) . As another example, the waveform may be configured as Discrete Fourier Transform-spread-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) .
[0052] An uplink signal, e.g., a PUSCH, may be scheduled by a network entity, e.g., using Downlink Control Information (DCI) .
[0053] In various embodiments, the uplink signal referred to herein is a PUSCH or is part of a PUSCH, e.g., a symbol of a PUSCH. Uplink signal repetitions may be PUSCH repetitions. It is to be understood that in the given context, also a first uplink signal transmission will be considered as an uplink signal repetition so that the number of uplink signal repetitions corresponds to the number of times the same uplink signal is transmitted.
[0054] Uplink signal repetitions may be transmitted fully or partly intra-slot, e.g., within a slot. Additionally or alternatively, uplink signal repetitions may be transmitted inter-slot, e.g., across slots. For example, the uplink signal repetitions may be transmitted at least partly in different slots. For instance, a first uplink signal repetition is transmitted in a first slot and a second uplink signal repetition is transmitted in a second slot (e.g., a next slot after the first slot) . It is possible that one or more uplink signal repetitions are transmitted intra-slot and one or more uplink signal repetitions for the same uplink signal are transmitted inter-slot.
[0055] OCCs may be used for transmitting uplink signal repetitions. To comprehend OCC, the concept of orthogonal codes in coding theory may be considered. Orthogonal codes refer to sets of binary sequences characterized by desirable properties. Specifically, these codes may possess the property that their inner product is very small or zero when multiplied together, except when two identical sequences are used, resulting in an inner product that is large, e.g., equal to the length of the sequence. This orthogonality may allow multiple sequences to be transmitted in the same time-frequency-resources without interfering with one another (assuming ideal conditions; otherwise they may at least allow reducing the interference significantly) .
[0056] Such orthogonal codes may be utilized as OCCs to encode the uplink signal repetitions.
[0057] For example, there may be four users, each transmitting data such as uplink signal repetitions. Orthogonal codes can be assigned to each user such that the codes are orthogonal to one another. For instance, User 1 might be assigned the OCC [1, 1, 1, 1] , User 2 the OCC [1, -1, 1, -1] , User 3 the OCC [1, 1, -1, -1] , and User 4 the OCC [-1, 1, 1, -1] . These codes are orthogonal due to their zero inner products. For example, the inner product of [1, 1, 1, 1] and [1, -1, 1, -1] is 1*1 -1*1 + 1*1 –1*1 = 0. One or more users may transmit their data (e.g., uplink signal repetitions) using the assigned code. For example, User 1 may encode the first uplink signal repetition A it transmits with the factor 1, its second uplink signal repetition A with the factor 1, its third uplink signal repetition A with the factor 1, and its fourth uplink signal repetition A with the factor 1. User 2 may encode the first uplink signal repetition B it transmits with the factor 1, its second uplink signal repetition B with the factor -1, its third uplink signal repetition B with the factor 1, and its fourth uplink signal repetition B with the factor -1. Users 3 and / or 4 may similarly apply the OCC they are assigned to their uplink signal repetitions C and D, respectively. This may result in a signal in a first time-frequency region that is (A+ B + C -D) , corresponding to the first uplink signal repetitions of Users 1 to 4. In a second time-frequency region the signal may be (A–B + C + D) , corresponding to the second uplink signal repetitions of Users 1 to 4. In a third time-frequency region the signal may be (A+ B -C + D) , corresponding to the third uplink signal repetitions of Users 1 to 4. In a fourth time-frequency region the signal may be (A–B –C –D) , corresponding to the fourth uplink signal repetitions of Users 1 to 4.
[0058] The receiver can separate and decode the signals by correlating the received signal with the respective orthogonal code. For example, if the receiver wants to separate and decode the uplink signal repetitions of User 1, it multiplies the received signal with the OCC [1, 1, 1, 1] of User 1, i.e., 1* (A+ B + C -D) + 1* (A–B + C + D) + 1* (A+ B -C + D) + 1* (A–B –C –D) , yielding 4*A. As can be seen, the orthogonality property may minimize the interference from other users' signals. It is to be understood that the example provided above is simplistic and merely intended to illustrate the concept. Various further operations may be used to enable and / or improve transmission and / or reception of signals.
[0059] Various mathematical techniques, such as Walsh-Hadamard codes or Golay codes, can be employed to generate orthogonal codes.
[0060] OCCs may be of different length. In the example given above, there were 4 users and the OCC was of length 4. In various embodiments, to multiplex N UEs, a number of at least N repetitions may be necessary. In various embodiments, the OCC length corresponds to the number of users to be multiplexed. In particular, the maximum OCC length of all users to be multiplexed may correspond to the number of users to be multiplexed.
[0061] Uplink signal repetitions are grouped in an OCC group. For example, for OCC length N, the OCC group comprises, corresponds to or consists of N uplink signal repetitions. These N uplink signal repetitions may be encoded using the OCC such that each uplink signal repetition is encoded with a respective element of the OCC.
[0062] In various embodiments, a UE may have a capability for OCC of length L, also referred to as OCC length L capability (L being, e.g., a positive integer) . This may mean that the UE is capable of using an OCC of length L. More specifically, it may mean that the UE is capable of using an OCC of a length up to and including L. This may mean that the UE is not capable of using an OCC of a greater length than L. If the UE uses an OCC of length L, this may mean that an OCC group of the UE corresponds to, comprises or consists of L uplink signal repetitions.
[0063] In some embodiments, the UE has a capability for OCC of length 2. In some embodiments, the UE has a capability for OCC of length 4. It may be possible that in a network there are UEs that have different OCC length capabilities. Additionally or alternatively, it may be possible that in a network there are UEs that are configured with different OCC lengths. For example, one or more UEs in the network may have an OCC length 2 while one or more other UEs in the network may have an OCC length 4, e.g., due to their capabilities or due to a configuration. The configuration may happen by a network entity. For example, the network entity may signal an OCC length to the UE, e.g., using an occ-Length parameter and / or in an RRC information element.
[0064] In some scenarios, it may be desirable to multiplex UEs that use different OCC lengths. However, under certain circumstances this may require that a same RV is used by the UEs that are to be multiplexed for a number of uplink signal repetitions that is equal to the maximum OCC length of all UEs that are to be multiplexed. It is not always automatically the case that a same RV is used by the UEs that are to be multiplexed for a number of uplink signal repetitions that is equal to the maximum OCC length of all UEs that are to be multiplexed. For instance, this is not the case when a UE which has an OCC length that is less than that of another UE uses RV cycling across one OCC group. In such a case, there may be a UE which transmits different versions of its uplink signal repetitions, meaning that the orthogonality of repetitions with OCC is harmed.
[0065] This becomes clearer when studying the concept of RVs and RV cycling. As mentioned before, a receiver may combine the received signal from multiple transmission attempts (e.g., uplink signal repetition transmissions) to attempt to successfully decode the data. To that end, in various scenarios, retransmissions must represent the same set of information bits as the original transmission. For example, in such scenarios, all uplink signal repetitions must represent the same set of information bits. However, the set of coded bits transmitted in each retransmission may be selected differently as long as they represent the same set of information bits. Thus, for the combining at the receiver, each retransmission does not have to be identical to the original transmission, even though the same set of information bits is represented. In some scenarios, generating different versions may increase the chance of successful combining at the receiver. Therefore, different versions can be generated from a set of information bits.
[0066] For example, there could be the set of information bits 1010001111. A first version could correspond to the first 8 bits of the set of information bits, i.e., 10100011. A second version could correspond to the last 8 bits of the set of information bits, i.e., 1000111. Whenever the set of information bits is transmitted in the form of the first version, it can be said that the set of information bits is transmitted using redundancy version 1. Whenever the set of information bits is transmitted in the form of the second version, it can be said that the set of information bits is transmitted using redundancy version 2. The concept may be applied to uplink signal repetitions. Uplink signal repetitions can be transmitted using different RVs.
[0067] There may be a plurality of RVs, for example 2, 3, or 4, or any other (positive) integer number. RV cycling may be understood to refer to cycling through the RV versions. It may refer to not continue transmitting a signal (e.g., uplink signal repetitions) using a first RV and start transmitting a signal (e.g., uplink signal repetitions) using a second RV. There may be a pre-defined order of RVs to cycle through. While RV cycling may not be a problem for combining at the receiver, in some scenarios it may harm the orthogonality of OCCs. This may negatively affect interference mitigation and / or system performance. Turning back to the example given earlier, it may be assumed that User 4 does not transmit four uplink signal repetitions D, but rather cycles through RVs so that the first uplink signal repetition is a version D1, the second uplink signal repetition is version D2, the third uplink signal repetition is a version D3, and the fourth uplink signal repetition is a version D4. If the receiver wants to separate and decode the uplink signal repetitions of User 1, it multiplies the received signal with the OCC [1, 1, 1, 1] of User 1, i.e., 1* (A+ B + C –D1) + 1* (A–B + C + D2) + 1* (A+ B -C + D3) + 1* (A–B –C –D4) , yielding 4*A-D1+D2+D3-D4. Thus, the uplink signal repetition A cannot be separated as well as before.
[0068] It is considered that there could be an agreement that RV cycling is used across OCC groups, i.e., a same RV is used for all uplink signal repetitions in OCC group and RV cycling happens across OCC groups. Thus, for example, if all Users 1 to 4 in the example above have an OCC group of size 4, no RV cycling will occur for the first four uplink signal repetitions and the OCC of length 4 preserves its desirable mathematical properties for separating the signals. However, if User 4 did not have an OCC group of size 4 but rather of size 2 (e.g., because it is using an OCC length 2) , this agreement would mean User 4 would transmit the first two uplink signal repetitions with a first RV and the next two uplink signal repetitions with another RV. This would be suboptimal as the problem shown above would occur.
[0069] To allow the network to control how many uplink signal repetitions are transmitted using a same RV, it may be beneficial to enable a network entity to dynamically indicate to a UE a number of OCC groups for RV cycling.
[0070] In various embodiments, a network entity may transmit, to a UE, signaling which indicates that a same RV is to be used by the UE for transmitting uplink signal repetitions in a set of one or more OCC groups.
[0071] The UE may receive signaling which indicates that a same RV is to be used by the UE for transmitting uplink signal repetitions in a set of one or more OCC groups.
[0072] The signaling may take a variety of forms.
[0073] In various embodiments, the signaling may be configurable to indicate that a same RV is to be used by the UE for transmitting uplink signal repetitions in a set of multiple OCC groups. Thus, it may be possible to configure the signaling to indicate that the set includes or consists of multiple OCC groups. This does not mean that the signaling always indicates a set of multiple OCC groups. However, it may be configurable to do so.
[0074] The signaling may be comprised in RRC signaling or in a MAC control element.
[0075] In some embodiments, the signaling may be comprised in Downlink Control Information, DCI, for example of Format 0-1. There are different ways how this could be done.
[0076] For example, the signaling may be signaled via a field in Downlink Control Information, DCI (e.g., Format 0-1) that is dedicated for signaling the set of one or more OCC groups in which the uplink signal repetitions are to be transmitted by the UE using a same RV. This field may, for instance, not be used to indicate an OCC index and / or any other information.
[0077] A size of the set of one or more OCC groups may be, e.g., 1 or 2. For example in such embodiments, the signaling may correspond to a single binary digit. For example, a 0 as signaling could indicate that the size of the set of one or more OCC groups is 1 and a 1 as signaling could indicate that the size of the set of one or more OCC groups is 2. The role of 0 and 1 could be switched. Thus, it is possible that only two cases are standardized (e.g. size of set of OCC groups is 1 and size of size of OCC groups is 2) and the network entity indicates the case via a 1 bit.
[0078] It may be possible that a default value is defined for the signaling. Thus, for example, a message may or may not include a field dedicated for indicating that a same RV is to be used by the UE for transmitting uplink signal repetitions in a set of one or more OCC groups. If a default value is defined, the UE may determine, based on the absence of the dedicated field in the message (or the absence of the message) , that a same RV is to be used by the UE for transmitting uplink signal repetitions in a set of a size corresponding to the default value. For instance, the signaling may have a default value of 1.
[0079] In various embodiments, the signaling may be jointly encoded with OCC-related information. OCC-related information could be or comprise an OCC index. In some embodiments, the signaling may be jointly encoded with an OCC index. An OCC index may be an index that indicates an orthogonal sequence, e.g., from a list or table of orthogonal sequences. Further, OCC-related information could be or comprise activation or deactivation of OCC.
[0080] In an embodiment, the signaling may be in an antenna port field in Downlink Control Information, DCI, Format 0-1. For example, a value in the antenna port field may indicate that a same RV is to be used by the UE for transmitting uplink signal repetitions in a set of one or more OCC groups. Possible values in the antenna port field may be mapped to different (sizes of) sets of one or more OCC groups, e.g., by a mapping table. In various embodiments, the mapping table additionally indicates a mapping between possible values in the antenna port field and OCC indexes.
[0081] In various embodiments, the signaling may indicate a number N which is a size of the set of the one or more OCC groups in which a same RV is to be used by the UE for transmitting the uplink signal repetitions. The signaling may be explicit (e.g., a number is included in the message) or implicit (e.g., a mapping is used, as described above using the example of an antenna port field) .
[0082] The number N may be a positive integer. In some embodiments, it may be configurable to be greater than 1. In some embodiments, it may be greater than 1, e.g., 2 or more. The number N may be understood as a size of a set of OCC groups. It may be said that the signaling indicates a set of one or more OCC groups for RV cycling. This may mean that the signaling indicates the size of the set and, thus, also the set itself, for example because in some embodiments the only parameter that needs to be specified for a set is its size.
[0083] In various embodiments, the number N indicates that a same RV is to be used by the UE for transmitting uplink signal repetitions in a set of N OCC groups. For example, one or more or each of the N OCC groups may be associated with (e.g., include or consist of) a plurality of uplink signal repetitions. The plurality may comprise or consist of a number of uplink signal repetitions that corresponds to the OCC length used by the UE.
[0084] The UE may determine, based on the received signaling, the set of one or more OCC groups in which the uplink signal repetitions are to be transmitted by the UE using the same RV. The determining may differ in various embodiments. For example, when a dedicated field is provided in a message for the signaling, the UE may parse the value in that field as being the size of the set. When the dedicated field is optional and has a default value, the UE may determine whether the field is present. If it is determined to be present, the UE may parse the value in that field and understand it or map it to a size of the set. If the field is absent, the UE may conclude that the size of the set corresponds to a pre-defined value. If the signaling is jointly encoded (e.g., with the OCC index, for instance via an antenna port field) , the UE may determine the set of one or more OCC groups using a mapping or lookup table between the value of a field and the (size of the) set of one or more OCC groups.
[0085] The UE may transmit the uplink signal repetitions in the set of one or more OCC groups using the same RV. The network entity may receive, from the UE, the uplink signal repetitions in the set of the one or more OCC groups, the uplink signal repetitions being based on the same RV.
[0086] In various embodiments, the network entity may determine the set of one or more OCC groups for transmitting the signaling to the UE so that the uplink signal repetitions from the UE which are in the set of one or more OCC groups are multiplexed via OCC with uplink signal repetitions from another UE, the other UE being configured to use a greater OCC group size (e.g., due to a greater OCC length) . The multiplexing may happen in code domain. The multiplexed uplink signal repetitions from the UE and from the other UE may be in the same time-frequency region.
[0087] In some embodiments, the signaling may further indicate that another RV is to be used by the UE for transmitting uplink signal repetitions in another set of N OCC groups, e.g., a set of N OCC groups that is subsequent in time to the first set of OCC groups. Specifically, the number N referred to above may indicate that another RV is to be used by the UE for transmitting uplink signal repetitions in another set of N OCC groups. For example, the number N may indicate that uplink signal repetitions in the set of N OCC groups should be transmitted using a first RV and that the uplink signal repetitions in another set of N OCC groups should be transmitted using a second RV (if such uplink signal repetitions in another set of N OCC groups are, in fact, transmitted, which may or may not be the case) , e.g., at a later point in time. The same concept may be extended to uplink signal repetitions in further sets of N OCC groups.
[0088] The UE may transmit the uplink signal repetitions in the other set of N OCC groups using the other RV, in line with the received signaling. The network entity may receive the uplink signal repetitions in the other set of N OCC groups, wherein the uplink signal repetitions associated with the other set of N OCC groups are based on the other RV. As mentioned before, the same concept may be extended to uplink signal repetitions in further sets of N OCC groups.
[0089] In various embodiments, the UE may support a PUSCH DMRS bundling capability. PUSCH DMRS bundling may refer to sending the same or coherent DMRS multiple times, e.g., in multiple time slots. This may be beneficial for coverage enhancement. The receiver may perform joint channel estimation on the multiple DMRS. This may improve the accuracy of channel estimation and enhance the coverage.
[0090] A UE may support and / or be configured for PUSCH DMRS bundling across a number of PUSCH repetitions that corresponds to the number of uplink signal repetitions over which UEs are to be multiplexed. For example, if the UE supports PUSCH DMRS bundling across 4 PUSCH repetitions, this may be suited for OCC multiplexing of length 4. In other words, each uplink signal repetition in a set of one or more OCC groups may be associated with a respective reference signal that is part of reference signal bundling. In such a scenario, OCC multiplexing may work particularly well as also the DMRS associated with each PUSCH is a repetition.
[0091] The network entity may transmit, to the UE, information that configure the UE to enable PUSCH DMRS bundling. This may involve transmitting a DMRS-BundlingPUSCH-Config information element. The UE may receive the information that configure the UE to enable PUSCH DMRS bundling. Accordingly, the UE may enable PUSCH DMRS bundling.
[0092] For another UE which does not support PUSCH DMRS bundling capability and / or for which PUSCH DMRS bundling is disabled, the network entity may determine a set of one or more OCC groups, in which uplink signal repetitions are to be transmitted by the other UE using a same RV, to be of a pre-defined size. The size may be pre-defined, e.g., in a standard. This may allow a network entity to dynamically configure a UE that supports PUSCH DMRS Bundling with a number of one or more OCC groups in which PUSCH repetitions are to be transmitted using a same RV, while not creating extra overhead in cases where the UE does not support PUSCH DMRS Bundling.
[0093] A similar concept may work for a UE which can toggle a PUSCH DMRS bundling enabled / disabled state. For example a UE may support switching a PUSCH DMRS bundling enabled / disabled state, wherein, if PUSCH DMRS bundling is enabled for the UE, the received signaling may be used to determine the set of one or more OCC groups in which the uplink signal repetitions are to be transmitted by the UE using the same RV; and if PUSCH DMRS bundling is disabled for the UE, the set of one or more OCC groups in which the uplink signal repetitions are to be transmitted by the UE using the same RV is determined to be of a pre-defined size. This allows flexibility for dynamic configuration when PUSCH DMRS bundling is enabled and OCC multiplexing works particularly well as also the DMRS associated with each PUSCH is a repetition, and allows reducing overhead by not needing to use a dynamic configuration when PUSCH DMRS bundling is not supported or disabled.
[0094] It is to be understood that the presentation in this section is merely by way of examples and non-limiting. Each step described above may happen after or in response to another, e.g., the preceding step. However, a different order of steps is also possible.
[0095] Other features will become apparent from the following detailed description considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood, however, that the drawings are designed solely for purposes of illustration and not as a definition of the limits, for which reference should be made to the appended claims. It should be further understood that the drawings are not drawn to scale and that they are merely intended to conceptually illustrate the structures and procedures described herein.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0096] The drawings are:
[0097] Fig. 1 a schematic block diagram of examples of non-terrestrial network architectures;
[0098] Fig. 2 an example of OCC of length 2 for 2 UEs doing 2 uplink signal repetitions in same time-frequency resources;
[0099] Fig. 3 a schematic illustration of redundancy version cycling in a circular buffer;
[0100] Fig. 4a an example of uplink signal repetitions transmitted using RV cycling across one OCC group;
[0101] Fig. 4b an example of uplink signal repetitions being transmitted using RV cycling across a set of two OCC groups;
[0102] Fig. 5 a flowchart showing an example embodiment of a method, e.g., performed by a UE;
[0103] Fig. 6 a flowchart showing an example embodiment of a method, e.g., performed by a network entity;
[0104] Fig. 7 an example table that may be used in signaling using an antenna port field;
[0105] Fig. 8 an example message sequence according to an embodiment;
[0106] Fig. 9 a schematic block diagram of an example of a RAN architecture; and
[0107] Fig. 10 a schematic block diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment.
[0108] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF SOME EXAMPLES
[0109] The following description serves to deepen the understanding and shall be understood to complement and be read together with the description as provided in the above summary section of this specification. Some aspects may have a different terminology than e.g. provided in the description above. The skilled person will nevertheless understand that those terms refer to the same subject-matter, e.g. by being more specific.
[0110] Fig. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of examples of non-terrestrial network (NTN) architectures 100, 120. Various embodiments may be employed in such a NTN 100, 120.
[0111] A NTN may be based on a transparent (bent-pipe) architecture, as shown in NTN 100. A gNB 107 may be on the ground and an NTN payload (e.g., on a satellite) 103 may act as a radio repeater. This NTN architecture 100 may therefore be called a transparent payload architecture. A UE 101 may communicate with the NTN payload 103 using a service link 102. The NTN payload 103 may communicate with a gateway 105 using a feeder link 104. The gateway 105 may be connected to a satellite network operator 106. The gNB 107 may be connected to the core network (e.g., 5GC) using an interface (e.g., NG interface) 108. Transparent architecture may be adopted because it limits payload complexity and enables early deployment.
[0112] A NTN may also be based on a regenerative payload architecture 120. Therein, the NTN may have one or more regenerative, or packet-processing, payloads 123, 125, in which a gNB is partly or fully placed on the satellite. UEs 121, 131 may be connected to regenerative payloads 123, 125 through service links 122, 126, respectively. These regenerative payloads 123, 125 may be connected via an inter-satellite link 124. As before, there may be a feeder link 127 between a gateway 128 and a payload 125. The gateway 128 may be connected through an interface 130 (e.g., NG interface) and, optionally via further units 133, to a core network 132.
[0113] In comparison to a transparent payload, a regenerative payload with a gNB may be more flexible and may offer better performance. It may potentially contribute to enabling global coverage thanks to the support of an inter-gNB interface for inter-satellite links.
[0114] Not only but also for such NTN, it is desirable to enhance uplink capacity / throughput. One way to do this is by using OCC.
[0115] OCC is a coding technique that can be used to enhance the capacity / throughput of a cellular network. In particular, one could generate a set of orthogonal codes (e.g., Walsh-Hadamard codes) having ideal zero cross-correlation and assign different codes to different UEs to achieve orthogonal (in the sense of no interference under ideal conditions) UL transmissions on the same time-frequency resources.
[0116] To illustrate the principle of OCC, it is referred to Fig. 2. Fig. 2 shows an example 200 of OCC of length 2 for 2 UEs doing 2 uplink signal repetitions in same time-frequency resources 201, 202. By way of non-limiting example, the uplink signal repetitions in time-frequency resources 201, 202 are PUSCH repetitions.
[0117] Over the transmissions, the two UEs apply different OCCs to their repeated transmission of an uplink signal (which is assumed, by way of example, to stay constant across the two repetitions) . This may allow a receiver (e.g., a gNB) to receive (e.g., demodulate and decode) the signals of each UE without the interference of the other UE. In mathematical form, how this works is represented in the system of equation below (without channel impairments and additive noise for simplicity of description) . Therein, x1 is the signal transmitted by UE1 two times, namely in both time-frequency resources 201, 202 (represented by the hatched area in 201, 202) and x2 is the signal transmitted by UE2 two times, namely in in both time-frequency resources 201, 202 (represented by the blank area in 201, 202) . y1 is the total signal received by the receiver in the first time-frequency resource 201. y2 is the total signal received by the receiver in the second time-frequency resource 202. It is to be noted that in this example UE1 is applying the OCC [1, 1] whereas UE2 is applying the OCC [1, -1] . In the example of the equations, the receiver retrieves the signal of UE2 without (under ideal mathematical conditions) interference from UE1 by cross-correlating the two received signals y1 and y2 with the OCC used by UE2 (i.e. in this example [1, -1] ) .
[0118] The example above is only illustrative and uses Walsh-Hadamard orthogonal codes as OCC set. Different sequences can be used to realize orthogonality among users in different embodiments. In various embodiments, in order to multiplex N UEs a number of at least N PUSCH (or signal) repetitions are useful or even necessary.
[0119] Against this background, it is desirable to achieve PUSCH enhancements or enhancements for any other uplink signals via OCCs. Specifically, in a possible implementation, the OCCs are used for Discrete Fourier Transform-Spread-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) PUSCH transmissions. DFT-s-OFDM is a single carrier-based transmission scheme that may be utilized in the uplink of wireless systems and which may combine multiple users orthogonally in frequency domain to reduce interference. Enhancements may be achieved by enabling multiplexing of multiple UEs in the same time-frequency resources using OCCs. OCCs may be applied across symbols (e.g., OFDM symbols) , across slots, and / or within a symbol (e.g., an OFDM symbol) . By way of example, the following explanations focus especially and without limitation on the OCC application across intra-slot and / or inter-slot uplink signal repetitions (e.g., across symbols and / or across slots) . The explanations equally apply to intra-symbol repetitions.
[0120] Repetitions (e.g., uplink signal repetitions) may be transmitted using RV cycling. RV cycling is explained in more detail with reference to Fig. 3.
[0121] Fig. 3 is a schematic illustration 300 of redundancy version cycling in a circular buffer.
[0122] When a transmission (or retransmission) takes place (e.g., an uplink signal repetition) , bits may be selected for transmission, thus generating different versions of a transmission which may also be referred to as redundancy versions. The selection of the bits to transmit may be based on reading a required (e.g., for rate matching) number of bits from the circular buffer where the exact set of bits to transmit depends on the RV corresponding to different starting positions in the circular buffer. This is illustrated in Fig. 2, wherein the part of the circular buffer corresponding to bits for RV0 301 cover the range from noon to approximately 4 o’clock, the part of the circular buffer corresponding to bits for RV1 302 cover the range from 3 o’clock to approximately 7 o’clock, the part of the circular buffer corresponding to bits for RV2 303 cover the range from 6 o’clock to approximately 10 o’clock, and the part of the circular buffer corresponding to bits for RV3 304 cover the range from 10 o’clock to approximately 3 o’clock.
[0123] Hence, by using different redundancy versions, different sets of coded bits representing the same set of information bits can be generated. This may be beneficial when implementing hybrid-ARQ with incremental redundancy as it increases the chances that the receiver can retrieve all bits of the original bits.
[0124] It is to be noted that using different RVs may be embedded in a process. For example, original data bits may be encoded using a Forward Error Correction (FEC) scheme (e.g., LDPC) . The encoded bits may then be punctured or rate-matched to create a set of output bits for transmission. The redundancy version may then determine which of these bits are selected for transmission.
[0125] RV cycling may be used with OCC, e.g., inter-slot OCC. This may concern, for example, OCC length 2 and OCC length 4. For example in such a scenario, for RV cycling for OCC with uplink signals (e.g., PUSCH, in particular DG-PUSCH) , the following might be considered:
[0126] - Option 1: RV cycling is used across OCC groups. This may mean that RV cycling is applied when the number of repetitions is greater than the OCC length.
[0127] - Option 2: Fixed RV is used across OCC groups.
[0128] - Option 3: For OCC length 2, fixed RV is used across two OCC groups, RV cycling is used across groups of two OCC groups.
[0129] It can be observed that in some scenarios, for instance for a UE with OCC length 2 capability, the gain (e.g., for soft-combining at the receiver) with RV cycling across one OCC group could be higher than the gain with RV cycling across two OCC groups. Similar effects may be observed for UEs with greater OCC length capability in some scenarios. Thus, there are advantages to keeping the number of OCC groups for RV cycling small. Nevertheless, RV cycling across two or more OCC groups may have some other advantages. This will be explained with regard to Fig. 4a and Fig. 4b.
[0130] Fig. 4a shows an example 400 of uplink signal repetitions transmitted using RV cycling across one OCC group. Specifically, a plurality of uplink signal repetitions 403 are shown. For each of the uplink signal repetitions it is shown which RV is used. UE1, UE2, and UE3 are each configured, by way of example, with a OCC length of 4. In other words, for each of these UEs the OCC group consists of 4 uplink signal repetitions. Each of these 4 uplink signal repetitions for each of the UEs UE1, UE2, and UE3 is transmitted with RV0. By way of example, UE4 is configured with an OCC length of 2. An OCC group for UE4 comprises or consists of 2 uplink signal repetitions. In the first OCC group 301, both uplink signal repetitions are transmitted with RV0. Since RV cycling is applied across one OCC group, another RV is used for the next OCC group 302. As a result, it may not be possible to multiplex UE4 with UE1, UE2, and UE3.
[0131] Against this background, it makes sense to support RV cycling across a number or set of OCC groups in which the number or set of OCC groups is indicated to UE via signaling, for example, RRC signaling and / or DCI. This is shown in Fig. 4b.
[0132] Fig. 4b shows an example 410 of uplink signal repetitions being transmitted using RV cycling across a set of two OCC groups. As in Fig. 4a, a plurality of uplink signal repetitions 413 are shown. For each of the uplink signal repetitions it is shown which RV is used. UE1, UE2, and UE3 are each configured, by way of example, with an OCC length of 4, and UE4 is, by way of example, configured with an OCC length of 2 (e.g., because it only has OCC length 2 capability) . However, in contrast to the example 400 shown in Fig. 4a, UE4 is configured to use RV cycling across a set of two OCC groups. As a result, a same RV is used both for the uplink signal repetitions in the first OCC group 311 and in the second OCC group 312. This may allow multiplexing of UE4 with UE1, UE2, and UE3, thereby improving uplink capacity / throughput.
[0133] In a specific example, it may be assumed that UE4 is capable of PUSCH DMRS bundling (e.g., for 4 DMRS associated with 4 uplink signal repetitions) . Even though this is the case, in the example 400 shown in Fig. 4a, UE4 with OCC length 2 capability and PUSCH DMRS bundling capability cannot be multiplexed (e.g., efficiently) with other 3 UEs via OCC because the payloads of these 4 repetitions of UE4 are not the same. In contrast, especially if the UE supports PUSCH DMRS bundling so that phase / power alignment can be maintained across 4 PUSCH repetitions, then it can be multiplexed (e.g., efficiently) with other 3 UEs via OCC because the payloads of these 4 repetitions are UE4 are the same, as shown in Fig. 4b.
[0134] Overall, while it may be beneficial to use RV cycling across one group in some scenarios, it can be seen that in other scenarios it may be advantageous to not use RV cycling across one group. Therefore, neither of the options 1 to 3 indicated above is ideal because they are all based on a fixed number of one or more OCC groups for RV cycling. This lacks flexibility because the network cannot control the UE in this regard and, thus, system performance is non-ideal.
[0135] Therefore, it is beneficial to provide the possibility for the network entity and the UE of dynamically signaling a set of one or more OCC groups in which uplink signal repetitions shall be transmitted using a same RV.
[0136] Fig. 5 shows a flowchart showing an example embodiment of a method 500. The method may be performed by an apparatus, e.g., a UE.
[0137] The method may comprise one or more of the following steps:
[0138] 501: Receiving signaling which indicates that a same RV is to be used by the UE for transmitting uplink signal repetitions in a set of one or more OCC groups.
[0139] 502: Determining, based on the received signaling, the set of one or more OCC groups in which the uplink signal repetitions are to be transmitted by the UE using the same RV.
[0140] 503: Transmitting the uplink signal repetitions in the set of one or more OCC groups using the same RV.
[0141] Fig. 6 shows a flowchart showing an example embodiment of a method 600. The method may be performed by an apparatus, e.g., a network entity.
[0142] The method may comprise one or more of the following steps:
[0143] 601: Transmitting, to a UE, signaling which indicates that a same RV is to be used by the UE for transmitting uplink signal repetitions in a set of one or more OCC groups.
[0144] 602: Receiving, from the UE, the uplink signal repetitions in the set of the one or more OCC groups, the uplink signal repetitions being based on the same RV.
[0145] In summary, before the introduction of uplink signal repetition (e.g., PUSCH) OCC, RV cycling is used across one uplink signal repetition. With the introduction of uplink signal repetition OCC, for a UE with OCC length 2 capability, two options are easily conceivable as explained above, one is to do RV cycling across one OCC group, the other is to do RV cycling across groups of two OCC groups. However, neither of these options is as beneficial as dynamic indication (e.g., a signaling) of a number or a set of one or more OCC groups for RV cycling.
[0146] A further example embodiment for supporting dynamic indication of the number or set of OCC groups for RV cycling is described in the following. Therein, a same RV version is used for all the repetitions within a set of OCC groups, and RV cycling is used across the set of OCC groups, in which the set of OCC groups is dynamically indicated by network. By way of example, it is assumed that UE is configured with OCC operation and OCC is enabled for uplink signal repetitions. Moreover, by way of example, in the following the uplink signal repetitions are PUSCH repetitions. However, it is to be understood that PUSCH is merely an example, and another uplink signal may be used instead, e.g., another uplink channel.
[0147] First, UE determination of the set of OCC groups for RV cycling based on signaling sent by network may take place (example of steps 501, 502, 601) .
[0148] Then, UE transmission of PUSCH repetitions with RV cycling based on the determined OCC information may take place (example of steps 503, 602) .
[0149] Through creating a set of (one or more) OCC groups it may be ensured that the RV selected for the OCC based transmissions within the set is the same, and hence, in various scenarios, the transmission properties remain constant throughout the duration of the set of OCC groups. To exemplify, in case a UE with OCC length is configured with a set length of 2 OCC groups, it will only update its RV value every 4th transmission, meaning that this UE would remain having “similar” transmission properties in case it is multiplexed with a UE with OCC length 4 (with same starting time, e.g., same symbol) .
[0150] The method described above may be implemented in various way.
[0151] For example, the set of OCC groups may be indicated via RRC signaling or a MAC control element. Thus, the signaling may correspond to or be comprised in an RRC information element or a MAC control element.
[0152] In an embodiment, dynamic indication of the set of OCC groups for RV cycling may be (e.g., only) for a UE with OCC length 2 capability. This may mean that for UEs that have a different OCC length capability (e.g., greater length or smaller length) and / or in case a UE is configured with another OCC length, no dynamic indication of the set of OCC groups for RV cycling is used.
[0153] Further, it is possible that indication of the set of OCC groups for RV cycling may be (e.g., only) for a UE with both OCC length 2 capability and PUSCH DMRS bundling capability and PUSCH DMRS bundling enabled for the UE. This may mean that for UEs that have a different OCC length capability or and / or that do not have PUSCH DMRS bundling capability and / or for which PUSCH DMRS bundling is disabled, no dynamic indication of the set of OCC groups for RV cycling is used.
[0154] In another embodiment, dynamic indication of the set of OCC groups for RV cycling may be for both a UE with OCC length 2 capability and a UE with OCC length 4 capability. It is possible that dynamic indication of the set of OCC groups for RV cycling may be used for any UE that has a capability for any OCC length.
[0155] In some embodiments, (e.g., only) a UE with PUSCH DMRS bundling capability and PUSCH DMRS bundling being enabled for the UE needs / expects / is able to receive and / or process a dynamic indication of the set of OCC groups for RV cycling. In such embodiments, otherwise (e.g., if a UE does not have PUSCH DMRS bundling capability and / or PUSCH DMRS bundling is disabled) , the size of the set of OCC groups may be fixed as one OCC group. For instance, in such scenarios (e.g., if a UE does not have PUSCH DMRS bundling capability and / or PUSCH DMRS bundling is disabled) there is no need to further indicate the set of OCC groups via signaling (e.g., DCI signaling) .
[0156] As mentioned before, it is possible that the set of OCC groups is indicated via DCI, in particular via DCI 0-1. This is an example for a signaling that may consist of, correspond to or be comprised in DCI. DCI stands for Downlink Control Information. DCI may carry different types of information. For example, it may carry the information to schedule (allocate physical resources) for Downlink Data (PDSCH) . DCI may carry the information to schedule (allocate physical resources) for Uplink Data (PUSCH) . DCI may carry the information to adjust Uplink Power (PUSCH, PUCCH power) for power control.
[0157] Various formats of DCI may be defined for the different purposes. For example, DCI Format 0-0 (also referred to as DCI 0-0 or DCI 0_0) and / or DCI Format 0-1 (DCI 0-1 or DCI 0_1) may be used for scheduling of PUSCH. DCI may comprise different fields. DCI may comprise cyclic redundancy check (CRC) bits. A DCI may be scrambled. For example, DCI Format 0-1 with CRC may be scrambled by C-RNTI or by CS-RNTI. It may depend on the scrambling which fields are comprised in the DCI.
[0158] There are different options how a DCI can be used for the signaling of the one or more OCC groups in which a same RV is used for the uplink signal repetitions.
[0159] For example, a new field for indicating the set of OCC groups for RV cycling may be created in DCI 0-1. This may be a dedicated field for the purpose of indicating the set of OCC groups for RV cycling. In some embodiments, this dedicated field is not used for other purposes.
[0160] Alternatively, an existing field in DCI may be used for the signaling. For instance, an antenna ports field may be used for the signaling. Such an antenna ports field is, e.g., comprised in DCI 0-1. By way of example, the antenna ports field may carry a value between 0 and 3, as shown in the table below. This value may indicate an associated number of DMRS CDM group (s) without data and a number of DMRS port (s) .
[0161] The table above may be used, e.g., when transform precoder is enabled, dmrs-Type=1, and / or maxLength=1, except that dmrs-UplinkTransformPrecoding and / or tp-pi2BPSK may be both configured and π / 2-BPSK modulation may be used.
[0162] According to an embodiment, the antenna ports field could be additionally used for the indication of OCC information such as the size of the set of OCC groups and / or OCC index. For example, (e.g., for a UE with OCC length 2 capability) the set of OCC groups for RV cycling may be jointly encoded with OCC index and sent to UE via antenna port field (e.g., of DCI 0-1) .
[0163] The OCC index may be used to indicate an orthogonal sequence that is to be used as OCC. For example, when a UE is configured with an OCC length of 2, the OCC index may have a value of 0 or 1 and use a table to look-up the corresponding orthogonal sequence. An example of such a table is shown below:
[0164] When a UE is configured with an OCC length of 4, the OCC index may have, by way of example a value of 0, 1, 2 or 3 and the UE may use the table below for the look-up:
[0165] It is to be understood that different tables may be used, e.g., including more entries, having different entries, or having the present entries arranged in a different order.
[0166] Turning back to the signaling of the size of the set of OCC groups, Fig. 7 shows an example table 700 that may be used in signaling using an antenna port field.
[0167] Specifically, the table 700 shown in Fig. 7 is an implementation example for the joint encoding of the set of OCC groups information (see column 705) and OCC index information (see column 704) and indicated to a UE via antenna ports field of DCI 0-1 (701) .
[0168] By way of example, the value in the antenna ports field (see column 705) may be any one value of 0, 1, 2, and 3. The UE may parse the antenna ports field to retrieve the value. Using this value, the UE may access the mapping table 700 to determine the associated OCC index, e.g., the OCC index in column 704 in the row corresponding to the retrieved value in the antenna ports field. Additionally or alternatively, using this value, the UE may access the mapping table 700 to determine the associated size of the set of OCC groups with same RV version, e.g., the entry in column 705 in the row corresponding to the retrieved value in the antenna ports field. As before, the UE may determine the number of DMRS CDM group (s) without data (column 702) and the DMRS port (s) (column 703) from the retrieved value in the antenna ports field.
[0169] The network entity may have access to a same mapping table 700 and may determine the value in the antenna ports field based on a determined size of the set of OCC groups with same RV version and / or a determined OCC index using the mapping table 700.
[0170] It can be seen that using the antenna ports field, as described above, the set of one or more OCC groups in which a same RV is used for the uplink signal repetitions and / or an OCC index may be efficiently signaled.
[0171] The mapping table shown in Fig. 7 is a particular implementation example. In this implementation example, the legacy mapping information (e.g., columns 701, 702, 703) are kept without change, and two additional columns are added for the indication of OCC index and set of OCC groups information.
[0172] This table 700 may be particularly suited, for example, when
[0173] - the UE is with OCC length 2 capability and / or PUSCH DRMS bundling is enabled for the UE for PUSCH repetitions transmission;
[0174] - OCC is enabled for the PUSCH repetitions transmission for the UE;
[0175] - maxLength of PUSCH DMRS symbol is configured as 1; and / or
[0176] - Transform precoding is used for the PUSCH repetitions transmission.
[0177] However, it is to be understood that a similar mapping table can be defined for other conditions. Moreover, while mapping table 700 shows that both OCC index and the size of the set of OCC groups with same RV version are signaled using the value in the antenna ports field, it is to be understood that, in some embodiments, the value in the antenna ports field may be used for signaling the size of the set of OCC groups with same RV version but not the OCC index. In such embodiments, the OCC index may, for example, be signaled via a separate field or in a RRC information element. In other embodiments, the value in the antenna ports field may be used for signaling the OCC index but not the size of the set of OCC groups with same RV version. It is also possible to define a mapping table based on a value in another field, i.e., not the antenna ports field.
[0178] Above, it has been described how the set of OCC groups for RV cycling may be jointly encoded with OCC index and sent to UE via antenna port field.
[0179] Alternatively, the set of OCC groups for RV cycling may be jointly encoded with other OCC information and sent to UE (e.g., via antenna ports field and / or via DCI 0-1) . Such other OCC information may be, for example, relate to the activation of OCC.
[0180] In an embodiment, the set of (one or more) OCC groups for RV cycling has (e.g., possible) value 1 and / or 2 which indicates one OCC group and two OCC groups, respectively. This may mean that the set of one or more OCC groups is configurable to be a set of one or of two OCC groups. In other words, in such embodiments, the size of the set of OCC groups is one of: 1 and 2.
[0181] In some embodiments, the indicator in DCI 0-1 or RRC signaling or Mac control element for the set of OCC groups may have (apossible) value 0 and / or 1 which indicates one OCC group and two OCC groups, respectively. For example, the indicator may be a bit or a flag having value 0 (or FALSE) and this may indicate to the UE that the set of one or more OCC groups corresponds to or consists of one OCC group, whereas the bit or the flag having value 1 (or TRUE) may indicate to the UE that the set of one or more OCC groups corresponds to or consists of two OCC groups. It may be the other way around.
[0182] According to an embodiment, the set of OCC groups has a default value 1 which means RV cycling is used across one OCC group. For example, if no signaling is received in a particular scenario, UE and / or network may assume that the set of OCC groups has a value of 1, meaning that the set corresponds to or consists of one OCC group.
[0183] The various embodiments described above may have various advantages. For instance, for a UE with both OCC length 2 capability and / or PUSCH DRMS bundling capability,
[0184] - if RV cycling is used across one OCC group (i.e., each OCC group of a plurality of OCC groups is transmitted with a different RV) , it can be multiplexed with a UE with OCC length 2, and good RV cycling gain could be achieved.
[0185] - if RV cycling is used across two OCC groups (i.e., two consecutive OCC groups are transmitted with a same RV) , it can be multiplexed with other UEs with OCC length 4, and RV cycling gain has some degradation, but higher OCC multiplexing gain can be obtained.
[0186] It is to be understood that similar advantages can be achieved, e.g., for a UE with greater OCC length capability (e.g., OCC length 4 capability) , for example when it is to be multiplexed with other UEs that have even greater OCC length capability (e.g., OCC length 8 capability) .
[0187] It is to be noted that even if a UE has the capability of performing RV cycling across, e.g., two OCC groups, multiplexing with UEs with greater OCC length (e.g., 4) may be limited by events affecting phase continuity, such as UCI multiplexing. It may be expected that a UE with OCC length 2 capability and RV cycling across two OCC groups may still be following phase continuity rules for OCC length 2. For example, UCI may be multiplexed across one OCC group. Therefore, it may make sense that RV cycling across two or more OCC groups is used only in situations where actual multiplexing with OCC of greater length UEs (e.g., 4) occur and / or where events breaking phase continuity do not occur. For this reason, signaling is proposed which indicates that a same RV is to be used by the UE for transmitting uplink signal repetitions in a set of one or more OCC groups. Specifically, it is proposed to indicate the number or set of OCC groups dynamically for RV cycling for a UE with OCC length 2 capability and / or PUSCH DMRS bundling capability, so that UE restricts RV cycling (e.g., only) when deemed necessary (e.g., by the network) . A mechanism for the dynamic indication of number or set of OCC groups for RV cycling has been described before. Another example will be given with reference to Fig. 8.
[0188] Fig. 8 shows an example message sequence 800 according to an embodiment. By way of example, the messages are exchanged between a gNB 802 which is an example of a network entity (and may be replaced by another network entity) and a UE 801.
[0189] In step 803, UE 801 is configured with an exemplary OCC length 2 and, by way of example, with PUSCH DMRS bundling. Specifically, configuration of OCC operation with OCC length 2 and DMRS bundling is transmitted from the gNB 802 to the UE 801. This may be done using one or more messages, e.g., RRC information elements.
[0190] In step 804, UE 801 is scheduled for transmission of PUSCH repetitions with OCC and is indicated, by way of example, RV cycling across two OCC groups. Specifically, a scheduling grant for PUSCH with repetitions and indication of RV cycling across two OCC groups is transmitted from the gNB 802 to the UE 801. The scheduling grant may be DCI, e.g., a DCI 0-1. The indication of RV cycling across two OCC groups may be signaled as described before, e.g., using antenna ports field or a dedicated field in the DCI. Step 804 is an implementation example of steps 501, 601 described earlier.
[0191] In step 805, UE 801 transmits the PUSCH repetitions with the indicated RV cycling information. Specifically, there is PUSCH transmission with RV cycling with determined OCC information from the UE 801 to the gNB 802. Step 805 is an implementation example of steps 503, 602 described earlier.
[0192] In conclusion, signaling is specified above to use Orthogonal Cover Codes (OCC) for uplink signals (e.g., PUSCH and, in particular, DFT-s-OFDM PUSCH) for multiplexing multiple (e.g., 2 or 4) UEs when uplink signal repetitions are used. The signaling may be particularly beneficial when, for example, OCC length 2 with inter-slot OCC to multiplex up to 2 UEs is supported and / or inter-slot OCC with OCC length 4 to multiplex up to 4 UEs (e.g., using Hadamard sequences) is supported. In some embodiments, separate UE capabilities for OCC length 2 and OCC length 4 may be defined, where UE capability for OCC length 2 is a prerequisite for UE capability for OCC length 4.
[0193] The signaling may be used for UEs in different scenarios, e.g., operating in terrestrial networks and / or in NTN. It may be used in FR1 and / or in FR2.
[0194] Fig. 9 is an example of a RAN architecture 900 according to an embodiment. While this example is described using terminology from the 5G standardization, it is to be understood that these are merely examples of more general architectural aspects, describing for example which entities may be comprised in a gNB.
[0195] By way of example, NG-RAN 902 comprises a set of gNBs 903, 904 connected to the 5GC 901 through the NG interface.
[0196] However, NG-RAN could also comprise a set of ng-eNBs, where an ng-eNB may comprise an ng-eNB-CU and one or more ng-eNB-DU (s) .
[0197] An gNB 903, 904 can support FDD mode, TDD mode and / or dual mode operation.
[0198] gNBs 903, 904 can be interconnected through the Xn interface.
[0199] A gNB 904 may comprise and / or consist of a gNB-CU 905 and one or more gNB-DU (s) 906, 907. A gNB-CU 905 and a gNB-DU 906, 907 may be connected via F1 interface. In various embodiments, one gNB-DU 906, 907 is connected to only one gNB-CU 905. However, for resiliency, it may also be possible that a gNB-DU 906, 907 may be connected to multiple gNB-CUs 905 by appropriate implementation.
[0200] A gNB Central Unit (gNB-CU) comprises e.g. a logical node hosting e.g. RRC, SDAP and PDCP protocols of the gNB or RRC and PDCP protocols of the en-gNB that controls the operation of one or more gNB-DUs. The gNB-CU terminates the F1 interface connected with the gNB-DU.
[0201] A gNB Distributed Unit (gNB-DU) comprises e.g. a logical node hosting e.g. RLC, MAC and PHY layers of the gNB or en-gNB, and its operation is partly controlled by the gNB-CU. One gNB-DU supports one or multiple cells. One cell is supported by only one gNB-DU. The gNB-DU terminates the F1 interface connected with the gNB-CU.
[0202] A network entity, for example a RAN (Radio Access Network) node, network node, a gNB, base station, gNB-CU or gNB-DU or parts thereof, may be implemented using e.g. an apparatus with at least one processor and / or at least one memory (with computer-readable instructions (computer program) ) configured to support and / or provision and / or processing of CU and / or DU related functionality and / or features, and / or at least one protocol (sub-) layer of a RAN (Radio Access Network) , e.g. layer 2 and / or layer 3.
[0203] The gNB-CU and gNB-DU parts may e.g. be co-located or physically separated. gNB DU may even be split further, e.g. into two parts, e.g. one including processing equipment and one including an antenna. A Central Unit (CU) may also be called BBU / REC / RCC / C-RAN / V-RAN, O-RAN, or part thereof. A Distributed Unit (DU) may also be called RRH / RRU / RE / RU, or part thereof.
[0204] gNB-DU may support one or multiple cells, and could thus serve as e.g. a serving cell or serving network entity for UE. Similarly, a gNB-DU can serve as a target cell or target network entity.
[0205] A UE may include a wireless or mobile device, an apparatus with a radio interface to interact with a RAN (Radio Access Network) , a smartphone, an in-vehicle apparatus, an IoT device, a M2M device, or else. Such UE or apparatus may comprise: at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code; wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform certain operations, like e.g. RRC connection to the RAN. A UE is e.g. configured to generate a message (e.g. including a cell ID) to be transmitted via radio towards a RAN (e.g. to reach and communicate with a serving cell) . A UE may generate and transmit and receive RRC messages containing one or more RRC PDUs (Packet Data Units) .
[0206] Fig. 10 shows a schematic block diagram of an example of an apparatus 1000, e.g., a UE or a network entity or a part thereof, according to an embodiment.
[0207] Apparatus or network entity 1000 comprises a processor 1001, program memory 1002, working or main memory 1003, data memory, communication interface (s) 1004, and an optional user interface 1005.
[0208] Apparatus 1000 may for instance be configured to perform and / or control or comprise respective means (at least one of 1001 to 1005) for performing and / or controlling the method according to any example aspect. Apparatus 1000 may as well constitute a UE or network entity comprising at least one processor (1001) and at least one memory (1002) storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause a UE or network entity at least to perform and / or control the method according to any or all example aspects.
[0209] Processor 1001 may for instance control at least one of the memories 1002 to 1003, the communication interface (s) 1004, and / or the optional user interface 1005.
[0210] Processor 1001 may for instance execute program code stored in program memory 1002, which may for instance represent a readable storage medium comprising program code that, when executed by processor 1001, causes the processor 1001 to perform the method according to any example aspect.
[0211] Processor 1001 (and also any other processor mentioned in this specification) may be a processor of any suitable type. Processor 1001 may comprise but is not limited to one or more microprocessor (s) , one or more processor (s) with accompanying one or more digital signal processor (s) , one or more processor (s) without accompanying digital signal processor (s) , one or more special-purpose computer chips, one or more field-programmable gate array (s) (FPGA (s) ) , one or more controller (s) , one or more application-specific integrated circuit (s) (ASIC (s) ) , or one or more computer (s) / server (s) . The relevant structure / hardware has been programmed in such a way to carry out the described function. Processor 1001 may for instance be an application processor that runs an operating system.
[0212] Program memory 1002 may also be included into processor 1001. This memory may for instance be fixedly connected to processor 1001, or be at least partially removable from processor 1001, for instance in the form of a memory card or stick. Program memory 1002 may for instance be non-volatile memory. It may for instance be a FLASH memory (or a part thereof) , any of a ROM, PROM, EPROM and EEPROM memory (or a part thereof) or a hard disc (or a part thereof) , to name but a few examples. Program memory 1002 may comprise an operating system for processor 1001. Program memory 1002 may comprise a firmware for apparatus or network entity 1000.
[0213] Communication interface (s) 1004 enable the apparatus 1000 to communicate with other entities, e.g., one or more UE or one or more network entities. The communication interface (s) 1004 may for instance comprise a wireless interface, e.g., a cellular radio communication interface and / or a WLAN interface and / or wire-bound interface, e.g., an IP-based interface, for instance to communicate with entities via the Internet. Communication interface (s) may enable apparatus 1000 to communicate with other entities, for instance one or more entities as comprised in a mobile communication network. The communication interface (s) 1004 may be used to transmit / receive signaling which indicates that a same RV is to be used by a UE for transmitting uplink signal repetitions in a set of one or more OCC groups. The communication interface (s) 1004 may comprise, for instance, an antenna and / or a transceiver chipset.
[0214] User interface 1005 is optional and may comprise a display for displaying information to a user and / or an input device (e.g. a keyboard, keypad, touchpad, mouse, etc. ) for receiving information from a user.
[0215] Some or all of the components of the apparatus 1000 may for instance be connected via a bus. Some or all of the components of the apparatus or network entity 1000 may for instance be combined into one or more modules.
[0216] An apparatus 1000 may further comprise at least one of the following: a receiver, e.g., for receiving information (for instance, signaling or uplink signal repetitions) , e.g., from a network entity or a UE, and a transmitter, e.g., for transmitting information (for instance, signaling or uplink signal repetitions) , e.g., to a network entity or UE.
[0217] As used herein, the term “network” or “communication network” may refer to a network following any suitable communication standards, such as New Radio (NR) , Long Term Evolution (LTE) , LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) , Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) , High-Speed Packet Access (HSPA) , Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) and so on. Furthermore, the communications between a terminal device / UE and a network entity / device in the communication network may be performed according to any suitable generation communication protocols, including, but not limited to, the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , 2.5G, 2.75G, the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , 4.5G, the fifth generation (5G) , 5.5G, the sixth generation (6G) communication protocols, and / or any other protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. Embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied in various communication systems. Given the rapid development in communications, there will of course also be future type communication technologies and systems with which the present disclosure may be embodied. It should not be seen as limiting the scope of the present disclosure to only the aforementioned system.
[0218] As used herein, the term “network entity” or “network device” may refer to a node in a communication network via which a terminal device / UE accesses the network and / or receives services therefrom. The network entity / device may refer to a base station (BS) or an access point (AP) , for example, a node B (NodeB or NB) , an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , an NR NB (also referred to as a gNB) , a Remote Radio Unit (RRU) , a radio header (RH) , a remote radio head (RRH) , a relay, an Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) node, a low power node such as a femto, a pico, a non-terrestrial network (NTN) or non-ground network device such as a satellite network device, a low earth orbit (LEO) satellite and a geosynchronous earth orbit (GEO) satellite, an aircraft network device, and so forth, depending on the applied terminology and technology. In some example embodiments, radio access network (RAN) split architecture comprises a Centralized Unit (CU) and a Distributed Unit (DU) at an IAB donor node. An IAB node comprises a Mobile Terminal (IAB-MT) part that behaves like a UE toward the parent node, and a DU part of an IAB node behaves like a base station toward the next-hop IAB node.
[0219] The term “UE” or “terminal device” may refer to any end device that may be capable of wireless communication. By way of example rather than limitation, a UE / terminal device may also be referred to as a communication device, user equipment (UE) , a Subscriber Station (SS) , a Portable Subscriber Station, a Mobile Station (MS) , or an Access Terminal (AT) . The terminal device may include, but not limited to, a mobile phone, a cellular phone, a smart phone, voice over IP (VoIP) phones, wireless local loop phones, a tablet, a wearable terminal device, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , portable computers, desktop computer, image capture terminal devices such as digital cameras, gaming terminal devices, music storage and playback appliances, vehicle-mounted wireless terminal devices, wireless endpoints, mobile stations, laptop-embedded equipment (LEE) , laptop-mounted equipment (LME) , USB dongles, smart devices, wireless customer-premises equipment (CPE) , an Internet of Things (IoT) device, a watch or other wearable, a head-mounted display (HMD) , a vehicle, a drone, a medical device and applications (e.g., remote surgery) , an industrial device and applications (e.g., a robot and / or other wireless devices operating in an industrial and / or an automated processing chain contexts) , a consumer electronics device, a device operating on commercial and / or industrial wireless networks, and the like. The UE / terminal device may also correspond to a Mobile Termination (MT) part of an IAB node (e.g., a relay node) . In the description, the terms “terminal device” , “communication device” , “terminal” , “user equipment” and “UE” are used interchangeably.
[0220] As used herein, the term “resource, ” “transmission resource, ” “resource block, ” “physical resource block” (PRB) , “uplink resource, ” or “downlink resource” may refer to any resource for performing a communication, for example, a communication between a UE / terminal device and a network entity / device, such as a resource in time domain, a resource in frequency domain, a resource in space domain, a resource in code domain, or any other combination of the time, frequency, space and / or code domain resource enabling a communication, and the like. In the description, unless explicitly stated, a resource in both frequency domain and time domain will be used as an example of a transmission resource for describing some example embodiments of the present disclosure. It is noted that example embodiments of the present disclosure are equally applicable to other resources in other domains.
[0221] In the present specification, any presented connection in the described embodiments is to be understood in a way that the involved components are operationally coupled. Thus, the connections can be direct or indirect with any number or combination of intervening elements, and there may be merely a functional relationship between the components.
[0222] Moreover, any of the methods, processes and actions described or illustrated herein may be implemented using executable instructions in a general-purpose or special-purpose processor and stored on a computer-readable storage medium (e.g., disk, memory, or the like) to be executed by such a processor. References to a ‘computer-readable storage medium’ should be understood to encompass specialized circuits such as FPGAs, ASICs, signal processing devices, and other devices.
[0223] The expression “A and / or B” is considered to comprise any one of the following three scenarios: (i) A, (ii) B, (iii) A and B. Furthermore, the article “a” is not to be understood as “one” , i.e., use of the expression “an element” does not preclude that also further elements are present. The term “comprising” is to be understood in an open sense, i.e., in a way that an object that “comprises an element A” may also comprise further elements in addition to element A. Further, the term “comprising” may be understood to also disclose “consisting of” , i.e., consisting of only the specified elements.
[0224] The expression “at least one of the following: <a list of two or more elements>” and “at least one of <a list of two or more elements>” and similar wording, where the list is of two or more elements joined by “and” or “or” , mean at least any one of the elements, or at least any two or more of the elements, or at least all the elements.
[0225] It will be understood that all presented embodiments are only examples, and that any feature presented for a particular example embodiment may be used with any aspect on its own or in combination with any feature presented for the same or another particular example embodiment and / or in combination with any other feature not mentioned. In particular, the example embodiments presented in this specification shall also be understood to be disclosed in all possible combinations with each other, as far as it is technically reasonable, and the example embodiments are not alternatives with respect to each other. It will further be understood that any feature presented for an example embodiment in a particular category (method / apparatus / computer program / system) may also be used in a corresponding manner in an example embodiment of any other category. It should also be understood that presence of a feature in the presented example embodiments shall not necessarily mean that this feature forms an essential feature and cannot be omitted or substituted.
[0226] The statement of a feature comprises at least one of the subsequently enumerated features is not mandatory in the way that the feature comprises all subsequently enumerated features, or at least one feature of the plurality of the subsequently enumerated features. Also, a selection of the enumerated features in any combination or a selection of only one of the enumerated features is possible. The specific combination of all subsequently enumerated features may as well be considered. Also, a plurality of only one of the enumerated features may be possible.
[0227] The sequence of all method steps presented above is not mandatory, also alternative sequences may be possible. Nevertheless, the specific sequence of method steps exemplarily shown in the drawings shall be considered as one possible sequence of method steps for the respective embodiment described by the respective drawing.
[0228] The subject-matter has been described above by means of example embodiments. It should be noted that there are alternative ways and variations which are obvious to a skilled person in the art and can be implemented without deviating from the scope of the appended claims.
[0229] List of abbreviations: 3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project 2G 2nd Generation 3G 3rd Generation 4G 4th Generation 5G 5-th Generation 5GC 5G core network 6G 6-th Generation AP Access point ARQ Automatic repeat request ASIC Application-specific integrated circuit AT Access terminal BBU Baseband unit BS Base station C-RAN Centralized-RAN C-RNTI Cell-radio network temporary identifier CDM Code division multiplexing CP-OFDM Cyclic prefix-OFDM CPE Customer premises equipment CRC Cyclic redundancy check CS-RNTI Configured scheduling-radio network temporary identifier CU Control unit D-RAN Distributed-RAN DCI Downlink Control Information DCI 0-0 Downlink Control Information, Format 0-0 DCI 0-1 Downlink Control Information, Format 0-1 DFT-s-OFDM Discrete Fourier Transform-spread-OFDM DG-PUSCH Dynamic Grant-PUSCH DMRS Demodulation reference signal DU Distributed Unit eNB evolved NodeB EPROM Erasable PROM EEPROM Electrically erasable PROM FDD Frequency division duplex FEC Forward error correction FPGA Field-programmable gate array FR1 Frequency range 1 FR2 Frequency range 2 GEO Geosynchronous earth orbit gNB 5G base station HMD Head mounter display HSDA High speed packet access IAB Integrated access and backhaul ID Identifier IoT Internet of Things IP Internet Protocol LDPC Low density parity check LEE Laptop embedded equipment LEO Low earth orbit LME Laptop mounted equipment LTE Long term evolution LTE-A LTE-Advanced MAC Medium access control MB Mobile terminal MS Mobile station NB-IoT Narrow Band IoT ng-eNB Next Generation evolved NodeB NR New radio NTN Non-terrestrial network O-RAN Open-RAN OCC Orthogonal cover code OFDM Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing PDA Personal digital assistant PDSCH Physical downlink shared channel PDU Packet data unit PRB Physical resource block PROM Programmable ROM PT-RS Phase Tracking-Reference Signal PUCCH Physical uplink control channel PUSCH Physical uplink shared channel RAN Radio access network RRU Remote radio unit PDCP Packet Data Convergence Protocol PHY Physical RH Radio header RRH Remote radio head ROM Read only memory RRC Radio resource control RS Reference signal RV Redundancy version SDAP Service Data Adaptation Protocol SS Subscriber station TDD Time division duplex TRP Transmit / Receive Point TV Television UE User equipment UL Uplink USB Universal serial bus V-RAN Virtual-RAN VoIP Voice over IP WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access WLAN Wireless local area network
Claims
1.A user equipment, UE, comprising:means for receiving signaling which indicates that a same redundancy version, RV, is to be used by the UE for transmitting uplink signal repetitions in a set of one or more orthogonal cover code, OCC, groups;means for determining, based on the received signaling, the set of one or more OCC groups in which the uplink signal repetitions are to be transmitted by the UE using the same RV; andmeans for transmitting the uplink signal repetitions in the set of one or more OCC groups using the same RV.2.The UE of claim 1, wherein the signaling is configurable to indicate that a same RV is to be used by the UE for transmitting uplink signal repetitions in a set of multiple OCC groups.3.The UE of claim 1 or 2, wherein the signaling indicates a number N which is a size of the set of the one or more OCC groups in which a same RV is to be used by the UE for transmitting the uplink signal repetitions.4.The UE of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the signaling further indicates that another RV is to be used by the UE for transmitting uplink signal repetitions in another set of N OCC groups.5.The UE of claim 4, wherein the means for transmitting the uplink signal repetitions in the set of one or more OCC groups using the same RV are further configured for:transmitting the uplink signal repetitions in the other set of N OCC groups using the other RV.6.The UE of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the uplink signal is a physical uplink shared channel, PUSCH, or is part of a PUSCH.7.The UE of claim 6, wherein the UE further comprises:means for supporting a PUSCH Demodulation Reference Signal, DMRS, bundling capability; andmeans for receiving information that configure the UE to enable PUSCH DMRS bundling.8.The UE of claim 7, wherein the UE comprises means for:switching a PUSCH DMRS bundling enabled / disabled state, wherein,if PUSCH DMRS bundling is enabled for the UE, the received signaling is used to determine the set of one or more OCC groups in which the uplink signal repetitions are to be transmitted by the UE using the same RV; andif PUSCH DMRS bundling is disabled for the UE, the set of one or more OCC groups in which the uplink signal repetitions are to be transmitted by the UE using the same RV is determined to be of a pre-defined size.9.A network entity comprising:means for transmitting, to a user equipment, UE, signaling which indicates that a same redundancy version, RV, is to be used by the UE for transmitting uplink signal repetitions in a set of one or more orthogonal cover code, OCC, groups;means for receiving, from the UE, the uplink signal repetitions in the set of the one or more OCC groups, the uplink signal repetitions being based on the same RV.10.The network entity of claim 9, wherein the signaling is configurable to indicate that a same RV is to be used by the UE for transmitting uplink signal repetitions in a set of multiple OCC groups.11.The network entity of claim 9 or 10, wherein the signaling indicates a number N which is a size of the set of the one or more OCC groups in which a same RV is to be used by the UE for transmitting the uplink signal repetitions.12.The network entity of any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the signaling further indicates that another RV is to be used by the UE for transmitting uplink signal repetitions in another set of N OCC groups.13.The network entity of claim 12, wherein the means for receiving the uplink signal repetitions in the set of the one or more OCC groups are further configured for:receiving the uplink signal repetitions in the other set of N OCC groups, wherein the uplink signal repetitions associated with the other set of N OCC groups are based on the other RV.14.The network entity of any one of claims 9 to 13, further comprising:means for determining the set of one or more OCC groups for transmitting the signaling to the UE so that the uplink signal repetitions from the UE which are in the set of one or more OCC groups are multiplexed via OCC with uplink signal repetitions from another UE, the other UE being configured to use a greater OCC group size.15.The network entity of any one of claims 9 to 14, wherein the uplink signal is a physical uplink shared channel, PUSCH, or is part of a PUSCH.16.The network entity of claim 15, wherein the UE supports a PUSCH Demodulation Reference Signal, DMRS, bundling capability and the network entity comprises means for:transmitting, to the UE, information that configure the UE to enable PUSCH DMRS bundling.17.The network entity of claim 16, wherein the network entity further comprises means for:for another UE which does not support PUSCH Demodulation Reference Signal, DMRS, bundling capability and / or for which PUSCH DMRS bundling is disabled, determining a set of one or more OCC groups in which uplink signal repetitions are to be transmitted by the other UE using a same RV to be of a pre-defined size.18.The subject-matter of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the UE has a capability for OCC of length 2.19.The subject-matter of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the UE a capability for OCC of length 4.20.A signaling which indicates that a same redundancy version, RV, is to be used by a user equipment, UE, for transmitting uplink signal repetitions in a set of one or more orthogonal cover code, OCC, groups.21.The subject-matter of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the signaling is comprised in Downlink Control Information, DCI, Format 0-1.22.The subject-matter of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the signaling is comprised in RRC signaling or in a MAC control element.23.The subject-matter of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the signaling is jointly encoded with OCC-related information.24.The subject-matter of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the signaling is jointly encoded with an OCC index.25.The subject-matter of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the signaling is in an antenna port field in Downlink Control Information, DCI, Format 0-1.26.The subject-matter of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the signaling is signaled via a field in Downlink Control Information, DCI, Format 0-1 that is dedicated for signaling the set of one or more OCC groups in which the uplink signal repetitions are to be transmitted by the UE using a same RV.27.The subject-matter of any one of the preceding claims, wherein a size of the set of one or more OCC groups is 1 or 2.28.The subject-matter of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the signaling corresponds to a single binary digit.29.The subject-matter of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the signaling has a default value of 1.30.A method performed by a user equipment, UE, the method comprising:receiving signaling which indicates that a same redundancy version, RV, is to be used by the UE for transmitting uplink signal repetitions in a set of one or more orthogonal cover code, OCC, groups;determining, based on the received signaling, the set of one or more OCC groups in which the uplink signal repetitions are to be transmitted by the UE using the same RV; andtransmitting the uplink signal repetitions in the set of one or more OCC groups using the same RV.31.A method performed by a network entity, the method comprising:transmitting, to a user equipment, UE, signaling which indicates that a same redundancy version, RV, is to be used by the UE for transmitting uplink signal repetitions in a set of one or more orthogonal cover code, OCC, groups;receiving, from the UE, the uplink signal repetitions in the set of the one or more OCC groups, the uplink signal repetitions being based on the same RV.32.A computer program comprising instructions which, when executed by a user equipment, UE, cause the UE to perform at least:receiving signaling which indicates that a same redundancy version, RV, is to be used by the UE for transmitting uplink signal repetitions in a set of one or more orthogonal cover code, OCC, groups;determining, based on the received signaling, the set of one or more OCC groups in which the uplink signal repetitions are to be transmitted by the UE using the same RV; andtransmitting the uplink signal repetitions in the set of one or more OCC groups using the same RV.33.A computer program comprising instructions which, when executed by a network entity, cause the network entity to perform at least:transmitting, to a UE, signaling which indicates that a same redundancy version, RV, is to be used by the UE for transmitting uplink signal repetitions in a set of one or more orthogonal cover code, OCC, groups;receiving, from the UE, the uplink signal repetitions in the set of the one or more OCC groups, the uplink signal repetitions being based on the same RV.