Communication method and communication apparatus

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and a communication apparatus, which can enable a reader / writer to conveniently indicate a resource for a terminal device to send a random access first message. The method comprises: a reader / writer sends a first paging message, wherein the first paging message indicates at least one first parameter, the first parameter is associated with a first resource set, the first resource set is used for a terminal device to send a random access first message, and the first resource set comprises at least one of the following: at least one frequency domain resource or at least one time domain resource.

Description

Communication methods and communication devices Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communications, and more specifically, to communication methods and communication devices. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the Internet of Things (IoT) has received considerable attention in the field of wireless communication. With the continuous development of communication systems, IoT devices are being applied to various scenarios, including homes, industry, agriculture, and healthcare. Ambient IoT (AIoT) technology has been widely discussed. AIoT devices primarily utilize the external environment (e.g., light, radio waves, motion, heat, etc.) to obtain energy, thus eliminating the need for battery devices or requiring only low energy storage capacity (e.g., capacitors), eliminating the need for manual battery replacement or charging.

[0003] The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Release 19 introduced the topic of AIoT. However, many issues regarding AIoT remain unresolved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a communication method and a communication device that can easily instruct a terminal device to send a resource for random access first message.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] Firstly, a communication method is provided. This method can be executed by a reader / writer, or by a component of the reader / writer, such as a processor, chip, or chip system, or by a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the reader / writer's functions. Taking the method being executed by a reader / writer as an example, the method includes: the reader / writer sending a first paging message, the first paging message indicating at least one first parameter, the first parameter being associated with a first resource set, the first resource set being used by a terminal device to send a random access first message, the first resource set including at least one of the following: at least one frequency domain resource, or at least one time domain resource.

[0007] The communication method provided in this application embodiment allows the reader to indicate a first parameter associated with a first resource set that is sent to the terminal device via a first paging message. This enables the reader to indicate the first resource set used to send the random access first message by indicating the first parameter, allowing the reader to indicate the first resource set by sending simple signaling. This solution is compatible with AIoT systems and saves signaling overhead.

[0008] Secondly, a communication method is provided. This method can be executed by a terminal device, or by a component of the terminal device, such as a processor, chip, or chip system, or by a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the terminal device's functions. Taking the method being executed by a terminal device as an example, the method includes: the terminal device receiving a first paging message from a reader / writer, the first paging message indicating at least one first parameter, the first parameter being associated with a first resource set, the first resource set being used by the terminal device to send a random access first message, the first resource set including at least one of the following: at least one frequency domain resource, or at least one time domain resource; the terminal device sending the random access first message according to the at least one first parameter.

[0009] The communication method provided in this application embodiment involves a terminal device receiving a first paging message indicating a first parameter from a reader / writer, and then sending a random access first message based on the first parameter. The first parameter is associated with a first resource set from which the terminal device sends the random access first message, which is compatible with AIoT systems and saves signaling overhead.

[0010] Thirdly, a communication device is provided for implementing the various methods described above. This communication device may be the reader / writer described in the first aspect, or a device included in the reader / writer, such as a chip; or, the communication device may be the terminal device described in the second aspect, or a device included in the terminal device, such as a chip.

[0011] The communication device includes modules, units, or means that implement the above methods. These modules, units, or means can be implemented in hardware, software, or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more modules or units corresponding to the above functions.

[0012] In some possible designs, the communication device may include a processing module and a communication module. The communication module may include an output module (or transmitting module) and an input module (or receiving module), respectively used to implement the output (or transmitting) and input (or receiving) functions in any of the above aspects and any possible designs. The processing module can be used to implement the processing functions in any of the above aspects and any possible designs.

[0013] Optionally, the communication device also includes a storage module for storing program instructions and data.

[0014] Fourthly, a communication device is provided, comprising: at least one processor configured to execute computer programs or instructions, or to cause the communication device to perform the method described in any of the preceding aspects via logic circuitry. The communication device may be a reader / writer as described in the first aspect, or a device included in a reader / writer, such as a chip; or, the communication device may be a terminal device as described in the second aspect, or a device included in a terminal device, such as a chip.

[0015] In some possible designs, the communication device also includes a memory for storing configuration files of computer instructions and / or logic circuits. Optionally, the memory is integrated with the processor, or the memory is independent of the processor.

[0016] In one possible design, the communication device also includes a communication interface for inputting and / or outputting signals.

[0017] In some possible designs, the communication interface is an interface circuit used to read and write computer instructions. For example, the interface circuit is used to receive computer execution instructions (which are stored in memory and may be read directly from memory or may be transmitted through other devices) and transmit them to the processor.

[0018] In some possible designs, this communication interface is used to communicate with modules outside the communication device.

[0019] In some possible designs, the communication device can be a chip system. When the communication device is a chip system, the chip system may include chips, or it may contain chips and other discrete components.

[0020] Fifthly, a communication device is provided, comprising: a logic circuit and an interface circuit; the interface circuit is used for inputting information and / or outputting information; the logic circuit is used to execute the method described in any of the preceding aspects, processing the input information and / or generating output information. The communication device may be a reader / writer as described in the first aspect, or a device included in the reader / writer, such as a chip; or, the communication device may be a terminal device as described in the second aspect, or a device included in the terminal device, such as a chip.

[0021] In a sixth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided that stores a computer program or instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the methods described in any of the preceding aspects to be performed.

[0022] In a seventh aspect, a computer program product is provided, which, when executed by a processor, causes the method described in any of the preceding aspects to be performed.

[0023] Eighthly, a communication system is provided, which includes the reader / writer of the first aspect and the terminal device of the second aspect.

[0024] It is understood that when the communication device provided by any of the third to fifth aspects is a chip, the aforementioned sending action / function can be understood as output information, and the aforementioned receiving action / function can be understood as input information.

[0025] The technical effects of any of the design methods in aspects three through five can be found in the technical effects of different design methods in aspects one or two above, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of four topologies of an AIoT system;

[0027] Figure 2A is a schematic diagram of the CW signal and the sideband signal generated by the CW signal provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0028] Figure 2B is a schematic diagram of a scenario based on topology 1 / 2 and whether the CW node is within the topology;

[0029] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the mapping relationship between bits and chips in Manchester encoding;

[0030] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of PIE encoding;

[0031] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of FM0 encoding;

[0032] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of Miller coding;

[0033] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the R2D start indicator;

[0034] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the R2D intermediate guide code;

[0035] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the D2R intermediate guide code;

[0036] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the R2D postcode;

[0037] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the D2R postcode;

[0038] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the approximate time relationship between the D2R preamble, D2R intermediate preamble, and D2R postamble.

[0039] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the random access process between the reader and the terminal device;

[0040] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of TDMA, FDMA, and TDMA+FDMA provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0041] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the reader / writer sending an MSG2 to the terminal device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the MSG2 response to the terminal device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of MSG2 in embodiment 2 of this application;

[0044] Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of MSG2 in embodiment 3 provided in this application;

[0045] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram with the end time unit of Step A as a reference point provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of the communication system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the communication device 2100 provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of an example of the communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of the time-domain resources of MSG1 provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 24 is a schematic diagram showing that the starting position of the first resource with different repetition numbers provided in the embodiments of this application is the same;

[0051] Figure 25 is a schematic diagram showing the resources with different repetition counts provided in the embodiments of this application arranged in ascending order in the time domain;

[0052] Figure 26 is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0053] In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " indicates that the objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B can mean A or B. "And / or" in this application is merely a description of the relationship between the related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. A and B can be singular or plural.

[0054] In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. "At least one of the following or similar expressions" refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or multiple items. For example, at least one of a, b and / or c can represent: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0055] Furthermore, to facilitate a clear description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used in the embodiments of this application to distinguish identical or similar items with substantially the same function and effect. Those skilled in the art will understand that the terms "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity or execution order, and the terms "first" and "second" are not necessarily different.

[0056] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design that is described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design. Specifically, the use of terms such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner to facilitate understanding.

[0057] It is understood that the term "embodiment" used throughout the specification means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic related to an embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, various embodiments throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, these specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. It is understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the sequence number of each process does not imply the order of execution; the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0058] It is understood that in this application, "...when" and "if" both refer to the corresponding processing that will be carried out under certain objective circumstances, and are not limited to a specific time, nor do they require a judgment action to be performed during implementation, nor do they imply any other limitations.

[0059] It is understood that some optional features in the embodiments of this application can be implemented independently in certain scenarios without relying on other features, such as the current solution on which they are based, to solve the corresponding technical problems and achieve the corresponding effects. Alternatively, they can be combined with other features as needed in certain scenarios. Correspondingly, the apparatus given in the embodiments of this application can also implement these features or functions, which will not be elaborated here.

[0060] In this application, unless otherwise specified, the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. In the various embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified or there is a logical conflict, the terminology and / or descriptions between different embodiments are consistent and can be mutually referenced. Technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments based on their inherent logical relationships. The following descriptions of the embodiments of this application do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this application.

[0061] To facilitate the reader's understanding, the embodiments of this application provide a brief introduction to the relevant technologies involved.

[0062] I. Topology of AIoT System

[0063] Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of four topologies for an AIoT system. As shown in Figure 1, the AIoT system mainly includes four topologies: Topology 1 to Topology 4, which will be introduced below.

[0064] Topology 1:

[0065] In topology 1, the access network devices and AIoT terminals are directly connected for uplink / downlink communication. That is, the AIoT terminal sends information to the access network devices, or the AIoT terminal receives information from the access network devices.

[0066] Topology 2:

[0067] In topology 2, AIoT terminals and intermediate nodes communicate uplink / downlink, while intermediate nodes communicate uplink / downlink with access network devices. That is, AIoT terminals send or receive information from intermediate nodes, and intermediate nodes send or receive information from access network devices. Intermediate nodes can be relays, integrated access backhaul (IAB) nodes, user equipment (UE), repeaters, etc.

[0068] Topology 3:

[0069] In topology 3, the AIoT terminal communicates unidirectionally with the access network device / auxiliary node. In the left diagram, the AIoT terminal directly sends signals to the access network device but receives signals through the auxiliary node. In the right diagram, the AIoT terminal can directly receive signals from the access network device but sends signals to the auxiliary node. The auxiliary node can be a relay, IAB node, UE, repeater, etc.

[0070] Topology 4:

[0071] In topology 4, the UE and AIoT terminal are directly connected for uplink / downlink communication. That is, the AIoT terminal sends information to the UE or receives information from the UE.

[0072] In the following embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, the AIoT terminal is referred to as a terminal device, the access network device, the intermediate node, and the UE are referred to as a reader, the transmission direction from the terminal device to the reader is referred to as device to reader (D2R), and the transmission direction from the reader to the terminal device is referred to as reader to device (R2D).

[0073] II. Types of terminal equipment.

[0074] Terminal devices (AIoT terminals) can be broadly categorized into two types: those capable of generating their own signals and those unable to do so. The latter type receives backscattered signals from third-party signals (carrier waves, CW) and transmits them; therefore, they can also be called backscatter-based communication terminals. Because backscatter-based communication terminals cannot actively generate signals, their architecture is simpler and less expensive, resulting in lower power consumption compared to the former type. In the four topologies described in Related Technology 1, the signals sent by the terminal device to the access network device / intermediate node / UE can be either self-generated signals or backscattered signals.

[0075] The types of terminal devices can be shown in Table 1.

[0076] Table 1

[0077] It should be noted that the peak power values ​​in the embodiments of this application are merely examples, and the specific values ​​of peak power are not limited in the embodiments of this application. The embodiments of this application can also be applied to other types of AIoT terminals and are not limited to Table 1 above.

[0078] III. Carrier wave (CW).

[0079] In an AIoT system, in addition to the nodes mentioned in the related technologies above (access network devices, AIoT terminals, intermediate / auxiliary nodes), there are also nodes that transmit CW (Continuous Wave). CW can also be called a continuous wave, and this application does not limit the name.

[0080] One function of CW (Cyber-Wave) is to provide energy to AIoT devices, meaning that AIoT devices receive energy from CW. All AIoT devices can obtain energy by receiving CW signals.

[0081] Another function of CW is for backscatter communication. For example, the D2R signals of device 1 and device 2a mentioned above are backscatter signals generated by the terminal device through receiving CW.

[0082] In this embodiment, the node providing the CW can be an access network device, an intermediate node, a UE, or a third-party node. Taking topology 1 as an example, the CW can be sent by the access network device, and the AIoT terminal receives other signals (e.g., control information) and the CW sent by the access network device; the CW can also be sent by a third-party node, and the AIoT terminal receives signals (e.g., control information) sent by the access network device and the CW sent by the third-party node.

[0083] Based on the topology described in the above-mentioned related technology 1, depending on the situation, the device that sends CW (denoted as CW node) may be inside or outside the topology.

[0084] In this embodiment, the CW can be a single-tone signal or a multi-tone signal, with two-tone signals being the primary type. However, other multi-tone signals can also be used, and this embodiment does not limit the specific type. A single-tone CW signal will generate two sideband signals, a two-tone CW signal will generate four sideband signals, and so on. The sideband signals are the backscattered signals, i.e., the D2R signals of device 1 and device 2a. Figure 2A is a schematic diagram of the CW signal and the sideband signals generated by the CW signal provided in this embodiment. As shown in Figure 2A, f1 and f2 are the frequencies of the two CW signals, f1-f' and f1+f' are the frequencies of the two sideband signals generated by the CW of f1, and f2-f' and f2+f' are the frequencies of the two sideband signals generated by the CW of f2.

[0085] IV. AIoT Scenarios.

[0086] Currently, 3GPP is mainly researching Topology 1 and Topology 2. Based on Topology 1 / 2 and whether the CW node is within the topology, the following scenarios are possible, as shown in Table 2 and Figure 2B. In Topology 1, the reader / writer is an access network device; in Topology 2, the reader / writer is an intermediate node, which can be a relay, IAB node, UE, repeater, etc. The embodiments of this application are applicable to the following scenarios, and can also be applied to Topology 3 or Topology 4.

[0087] Table 2

[0088] V. AIoT Modulation and Coding.

[0089] Due to the simple structure of AIoT terminals, their signal processing methods differ from traditional communication. R2D signals use Manchester encoding or pulse-interval encoding (PIE). D2R signals use Manchester encoding, FM0 encoding, Miller encoding, or forward error correction (FEC).

[0090] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the mapping relationship between Manchester encoding bits and chips. As shown in Figure 3, Manchester encoding is an encoding method that uses level transitions to represent bits 0 and 1. Based on Manchester encoding, the mapping relationship between bits and chips can be as follows: bit 0 is mapped to chip {10}, which can be understood as switching from a high level to a low level; bit 1 is mapped to chip {01}, which can be understood as switching from a low level to a high level. Of course, bit 0 can also be mapped to chip {01}, and bit 1 can be mapped to chip {10}. According to the mapping relationship in the figure, the encoding efficiency of Manchester encoding is 1 / 2.

[0091] In Figure 3, the length of chip 1 in each bit is the same as the length of chip 0. The lengths of chip 1 and chip 0 can also be different. The time relationship between chip 0 and chip 1 can be represented by the duty cycle, which refers to the proportion of the on-time (high level time) to the total time in one pulse cycle.

[0092] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of PIE encoding. As shown in Figure 4, PIE encoding represents 0 and 1 by the time interval between the falling edges of a pulse. The time interval between the falling edges of "0" and "1" pulses is different. Based on PIE encoding, the high-level duration of data 0 and data 1 can be the same; this embodiment of the application does not limit this.

[0093] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of FM0 encoding. As shown in Figure 5, FM0 encoding is also known as biphase space encoding. The FM0 encoding rule is that a level switch occurs at the boundary of each bit window. Specifically, bit 0 undergoes a level switch at both the boundary and the middle, while bit 1 undergoes a level switch only at the boundary. That is to say, bit 0 has 3 level switches, and bit 1 has 1 level switch.

[0094] Miller coding, also known as delay modulation coding, is illustrated in Figure 6. Its coding rules are shown in Table 3 below:

[0095] Table 3

[0096] Forward error correction (FEC) codes, by adding redundant error correction codes to the sequence, can automatically correct errors through decoding under certain conditions, thereby reducing the bit error rate of the received signal. FEC codes are divided into two types: block codes and convolutional codes.

[0097] VI. Channels and signals of AIoT systems.

[0098] 1. R2D synchronization signal.

[0099] The R2D synchronization signal can also be called an R2D preamble, or any other name, which is not limited in this application. The R2D synchronization signal can be used by the terminal device to obtain time synchronization and the start time of the R2D physical channel. Typically, the R2D synchronization signal is followed by the R2D physical channel. This application does not limit the other functions of the R2D synchronization signal.

[0100] The R2D synchronization signal comprises two parts: synchronization information and start indication information. The start indication information can be used by the terminal device to determine the start time of the R2D physical channel, and the synchronization information can be used by the terminal device to obtain time synchronization. This application does not limit the R2D synchronization signal to include other information.

[0101] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the R2D synchronization signal. For the start indication information pattern, in one possible implementation, the start indication information pattern consists of high and low levels; or, in other words, the start indication information sequence consists of a first value and a second value, which are different. For example, the first value is 0 and the second value is 1. Or, for another example, the first value is 1 and the second value is 0. In another possible implementation, the start indication information sequence consists entirely of the first value or entirely of the second value, as shown in Figure 7. In this case, the start indication information pattern consists of all low levels; in other words, the start indication information sequence consists entirely of 0s.

[0102] 2. R2D physical channel.

[0103] The R2D physical channel can be called PRDCH, or other names, which are not limited to in this application. The R2D physical channel can be used to carry data, payloads from higher layers, or control information from Layer 1 (L1). The payloads from higher layers include control information from higher layers.

[0104] 3. D2R synchronization signal.

[0105] The D2R synchronization signal can also be called a D2R preamble, or any other name, which is not limited in this application. The D2R synchronization signal can be used by the reader to obtain time synchronization and the start time of the D2R physical channel. This application does not limit the other functions of the D2R synchronization signal.

[0106] 4. D2R physical channel.

[0107] The D2R physical channel may be called PDRCH, or other names, which are not limited to in this application. The D2R physical channel can be used to carry data, payloads from higher layers, or control information from Layer 1 (L1). The payloads from higher layers include control information from higher layers.

[0108] 5. R2D intermediate code.

[0109] The R2D intermediate preamble is an intermediate preamble between two adjacent R2D physical channels, or between two adjacent segments of a single R2D physical channel. The R2D intermediate preamble is used by the terminal device to obtain time synchronization. An R2D intermediate preamble can be shown in Figure 8. This application does not limit its name in its embodiments. This application does not limit other functions of the R2D intermediate preamble in its embodiments.

[0110] 6. D2R intermediate guide code.

[0111] The D2R intermediate preamble is the intermediate preamble between two adjacent D2R physical channels, or between two adjacent segments of a single D2R physical channel. The D2R intermediate preamble is used by the reader / writer for time synchronization. A D2R intermediate preamble can be shown in Figure 9. This application does not limit its name in its embodiments. This application does not limit other functions of the D2R intermediate preamble in its embodiments.

[0112] 7. R2D postcode.

[0113] The R2D postcode follows the R2D physical channel and is used to determine the end time position of the R2D physical channel. The R2D postcode can be as shown in Figure 10. This application does not limit its name in its embodiments. This application does not limit other functions of the R2D postcode in its embodiments.

[0114] 8. D2R postcode.

[0115] The D2R postcode follows the D2R physical channel and is used to determine the end time position of the D2R physical channel. The D2R postcode can be as shown in Figure 11. This application does not limit its name in its embodiments. This application does not limit other functions of the D2R postcode in its embodiments. It should be noted that the intermediate preamble and / or postcode are optional and may not necessarily exist.

[0116] Taking D2R as an example, the approximate time relationship between the D2R preamble, D2R intermediate preamble, and D2R postamble is shown in Figure 12.

[0117] 7. AIoT Transmission Process.

[0118] 1. AIoT technology can be used indoors or outdoors, with main application scenarios including inventory, command, positioning, and sensing. The main research scenarios for the 3GPP Release 19 AIoT project are inventory and command; therefore, the DO-DTT (Device-originated–device-terminated triggered) service type is prioritized. This means that the terminal device initiates a session only after receiving a signal from the reader / writer. Therefore, AIoT terminals do not actively initiate sessions like traditional terminals (e.g., NR BSR / SR). The process between the reader / writer and the terminal device is shown in Figure 13.

[0119] Step A: The reader sends a trigger message, triggering a response from one or more terminal devices. Step A can also be understood as AIoT paging. The content of Step A may include device ID, device group ID, etc. Step A may also include resource information. Step A may also include the type of random access, which includes at least one of the following: 2-step random access, 3-step (or 4-step) random access, contention-based random access, and non-contention-based random access. Step A may also include other content, which is not limited in this embodiment. Optionally, Step A can be transmitted via PRDCH.

[0120] Step B: The terminal device will initiate random access. Step B can include one or more interaction processes. The random process in AIoT can also include contention-based random access and non-contention-based random access.

[0121] Step C: Optionally, considering different application scenarios, in some scenarios, the terminal device will send data or control information to the reader, such as the terminal device ID or higher-level information; or the reader will send data or control information to the terminal device. Step C and Step B may not be distinguished, and part or all of the process in Step C may be included in Step B, that is, the random access process may include the transmission of data / control information. Step C may include one or more interaction processes, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0122] 2. Random access procedures can be divided into contention-based random access and contention-free random access. Contention-based random access can include at least one of the following types: 2-step random access, 3-step (or 4-step) random access. These will be described in detail below.

[0123] 2.1, 3-step (or 4-step) contention-based random access.

[0124] The random access process is roughly as follows:

[0125] Msg1 (also known as the first random access message): The terminal device sends a random access sequence (also known as a random ID) to the reader. Msg1 can be transmitted via D2Rpreamble and / or PDRCH.

[0126] Msg2 (also known as the second random access message): After receiving Msg1, the reader sends a response message (also known as an acknowledgment message) to the terminal device. This response message may contain the random access sequence or other types of acknowledgment information. Msg2 can be transmitted using R2Dpreamble and / or PRDCH.

[0127] Msg3 (also known as Random Access Third Message): After receiving Msg2, the terminal device can send data (e.g., device ID, higher-level information) or control information to the reader. Msg3 can be transmitted via D2Rpreamble and / or PDRCH.

[0128] Msg4 (also known as the Random Access Fourth Message) is an optional step whereby the reader sends information to the terminal device, for example, an acknowledgment message. Msg4 can be transmitted using R2D preamble and / or PRDCH.

[0129] 2.2 Two-step contention-based random access.

[0130] Msg1 (also known as the first random access message): The terminal device sends data (e.g., device ID, higher-level information) or control information to the reader. Msg1 can be transmitted via D2Rpreamble and / or PDRCH.

[0131] Msg2 (also known as the second random access message): After receiving Msg1, the reader sends a response message (also known as an acknowledgment message) to the terminal device. This response message may contain the random access sequence or other types of acknowledgment information. Msg2 can be transmitted using R2Dpreamble and / or PRDCH.

[0132] 2.3 The non-contention-based random access process is roughly as follows:

[0133] (Random Access) First Message (also known as MSG1 or MSG3): The terminal device sends data (e.g., device ID, higher-level information) or control information to the reader. The first message can be transmitted via D2Rpreamble and / or PDRCH.

[0134] (Random Access) Second Message (also known as MSG2 or MSG4): After receiving the first message, the reader sends a response message (also known as an acknowledgment message) to the terminal device. The second message can be transmitted using R2D preamble and / or PRDCH.

[0135] In contention-based random access methods, multiple terminal devices may transmit MSG1 on the same time-frequency resource, resulting in a collision and causing random access failure. In non-contention-based random access procedures, the reader pre-allocates MSG1 resources, preventing collisions between different terminal devices.

[0136] For AIoT terminals, random access can be implemented using Time Division Multiplexing (TDM), Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM), or Code Division Multiplexing (CDM). Msg1 and / or Msg3 can be transmitted using TDM, FDM, or CDM, and this application embodiment does not limit this. Specifically, TDM random access means that different terminal devices can initiate random access at different times; FDM random access means that different terminal devices can initiate random access on different frequency resources; and CDM random access means that different terminal devices can initiate random access using different sequences. Terminal devices can also initiate random access using two or three combinations of the above methods, for example, TDM + FDM, and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0137] 3. For MSG1 of the AIoT system, the content carried by MSG1 shall include at least one of the following:

[0138] A terminal device identifier is used by the reader to distinguish different terminal devices. The terminal device identifier can be a random ID or other forms of ID; this application embodiment does not limit this. The terminal device identifier can be randomly generated by the terminal device, generated according to predefined rules, assigned to the terminal device by the reader, or obtained through other means; this application embodiment does not limit this. The length of the random ID can be 16 bits. If it is another form of ID, the ID length may be longer; this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0139] Energy status is used to indicate the energy status of terminal devices.

[0140] Other high-level information.

[0141] In this embodiment of the application, as described above, the MSG1 of multiple terminal devices can be transmitted using TDM and / or FDM. When the reader triggers X resources (where X is greater than or equal to 1) for MSG1 transmission, the X resources can be TDM, FDM, or a combination of TDM and FDM. The terminal device can randomly select one of the X resources to transmit MSG1, which can be considered as a contention-based random access method (CBRA). Alternatively, the reader allocates specific resources to the terminal device, and the terminal device uses those resources to transmit MSG1, which can be considered as a non-contention-based random access method (CFRA). Step A (also known as a trigger message or AIoT paging message) can indicate the resources for MSG1, including the number of time-domain resources X, the start time / offset of each MSG1 resource, and the length. The resources for MSG1 can also include the number of frequency-domain resources and the location of the frequency-domain resources. The frequency domain resource set of MSG1 can be obtained through BLF (backscatter link frequency) and line code repetition number.

[0142] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of TDMA, FDMA, and TDMA+FDMA provided in the embodiments of this application. As shown in Figure 14, X is greater than or equal to 1, meaning the reader / writer can trigger one or more MSG1 resources. As shown in Figure 14, R2D is similar to Step A described above. For TDM, a time gap needs to be reserved between temporally adjacent MSG1 resources to address the impact of SFO. This time gap may or may not be included in each MSG1 resource. If it is included in the resource, then each MSG1 resource should include the actual MSG1 transmission resource plus a time gap, and no further time gap needs to be reserved between adjacent resources; if it is not included in the resource, then each MSG1 resource is the actual MSG1 transmission resource, and a time gap is reserved between adjacent resources. For FDM, a guardband also needs to be reserved between frequency-adjacent MSG1 resources.

[0143] In a contention-based random access method, different terminals can randomly select one MSG1 resource to send MSG1.

[0144] 4. For MSG2 in the AIoT system, MSG2 serves as a response message to MSG1, and the content carried by MSG2 must include at least one of the following:

[0145] Terminal device identifier. After receiving MSG2, if the identifier carried in MSG2 matches its own identifier, the terminal device indicates successful access; otherwise, access has failed. Depending on the implementation, MSG2 can carry one or more terminal device identifiers. When an MSG2 carries multiple terminal device identifiers, one of the following methods can be used: Other forms of acknowledgment information, such as ACK or NACK. The terminal device uses this acknowledgment information to determine whether access was successful. Depending on the implementation, MSG2 can carry acknowledgment information for one or more terminal devices.

[0146] MSG3 resource scheduling information. The terminal device sends MSG3 to the reader / writer based on this scheduling information.

[0147] When a reader needs to send MSG2 to multiple terminal devices, it can use one or more of the following methods:

[0148] Method 1: The reader sends an MSG2 to the terminal device to respond to multiple terminal devices. As shown in Figure 15, it is a schematic diagram of the reader sending an MSG2 to the terminal device according to the embodiment of this application.

[0149] When an MSG2 carries multiple terminal identifiers or confirmation information from multiple terminals, as shown in Figure 16, which is a schematic diagram of the MSG2 responding to a terminal device according to an embodiment of this application, it can be done in at least one of the following ways:

[0150] In one possible implementation, each part of MSG2 corresponds to a response from a terminal device.

[0151] In another possible implementation, one part of MSG2 corresponds to the responses of multiple terminal devices. MSG2 can also adopt a combination of the two methods described above, and this application embodiment does not limit this approach.

[0152] Method 2: TDM.

[0153] Figure 17 shows a schematic diagram of MSG2 mode 2 provided in this application embodiment. There are multiple MSG2 resources. The reader sends MSG2 on multiple resources. The multiple resources are in different time units. The terminal device receives its own MSG2 on the corresponding resource.

[0154] Method 3: FDM.

[0155] For some terminal devices, MSG2 can be transmitted using FDM. Figure 18 shows a schematic diagram of MSG2 mode 3 provided in this embodiment. There are multiple MSG2 resources, and the reader transmits MSG2 on multiple resources. These multiple resources are located in different frequency domain units, and the terminal device receives its own MSG2 on the corresponding resource.

[0156] It should be noted that the transmission timing of MSG2 should fall within the range of [TD2R_min, TD2R_max], where TD2R_min represents the minimum time interval between the R2D signal and the previous D2D signal, and TD2R_max represents the maximum time interval between the R2D signal and the previous D2D signal. For the above methods, the protocol needs to specify the resource location of MSG2, including the start time of the terminal device receiving MSG2 and the resource size of MSG2.

[0157] The start time of MSG2 shall be determined using at least one of the following methods:

[0158] For method 1, different terminal devices begin receiving MSG2 at the same time unit.

[0159] For method 2, one MSG2 corresponds to one terminal device. Different MSG2s have different start times, and different terminal devices start receiving MSG2s at different time units; or, different terminal devices start receiving MSG2s at the same time unit, for example, these MSG2s are within a time window, and the terminal device receives MSG2s within that time window.

[0160] The reference point for the start time of MSG2 can be determined in several ways:

[0161] This reference point is the end time unit of the terminal device's own MSG1;

[0162] In MSG1 TDM mode, the reference point is the end time unit of the last resource among X MSG1 resources;

[0163] This reference point is the end time unit of Step A;

[0164] This reference point is the end time unit of other MSG2 resources, such as the end time unit of the previous MSG2 resource.

[0165] For example, Figure 19 is a schematic diagram with the end time unit of Step A as a reference point provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0166] The duration of MSG2 resources shall be determined using at least one of the following methods:

[0167] Predefined rules, for example, determined by TD2R_min and / or TD2R_max;

[0168] Instructions are sent to the terminal device via Step A.

[0169] 5. MSG3 for AIoT systems.

[0170] MSG3 carries at least one of the following:

[0171] The terminal device identifier in MSG3 differs from that in MSG1. The terminal device identifier in MSG1 can be a temporary ID, while the terminal device identifier in MSG3 can be a permanent or long-term ID. The lengths of the terminal device identifiers in MSG1 and MSG3 also differ.

[0172] Energy status is used to indicate the energy status of terminal devices.

[0173] Other high-level information.

[0174] It should be noted that, similar to MSG1, MSG3 can also be transmitted using TDM and / or FDM. MSG3 resources can be obtained explicitly and / or implicitly, including:

[0175] MSG3 has the same resources or resource indexes as MSG1;

[0176] MSG3 has the same frequency domain resources or resource index as MSG1, while the time domain resources are indicated by MSG2.

[0177] The time-domain resources or resource index of MSG3 are the same as those of MSG1, while the frequency-domain resources are indicated by MSG2.

[0178] The time-domain and frequency-domain resources of MSG3 are indicated by MSG2.

[0179] The communication method provided in the embodiments of this application will be described below. First, Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of the communication system provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0180] As shown in Figure 20, the communication system includes a reader / writer and a terminal device.

[0181] In this embodiment of the application, the reader / writer is used to send a first paging message; the terminal device is used to receive the first paging message from the reader / writer and send a random access first message according to the first parameters.

[0182] The first paging message indicates at least one first parameter, which is associated with a first resource set. The first resource set is used to send a random access first message and includes at least one of the following: at least one frequency domain resource, or at least one time domain resource.

[0183] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, the resource set refers to a collective term for a group of resources, including one or more time-domain resources and / or frequency-domain resources. This application does not limit its name; it can also be described as a group of resources, a resource set, etc. For example, the first resource set can also be called the first resource set or the first resource group.

[0184] The functions of the reader and terminal device involved in the embodiments of this application can be implemented by the communication device 2100 in FIG21. FIG21 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the communication device 2100 provided in the embodiments of this application. The communication device 2100 includes one or more processors 2101, communication lines 2102, and at least one communication interface (FIG21 is only an example illustrating the inclusion of a communication interface 2104 and a processor 2101), and optionally may also include a memory 2103.

[0185] The processor 2101 may be a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits used to control the execution of the program of the present application.

[0186] The communication line 2102 may include a path for connecting different components.

[0187] The communication interface 2104 can be a transceiver module used to communicate with other devices or communication networks, such as Ethernet, RAN, wireless local area networks (WLAN), etc. For example, the transceiver module can be a transceiver or a similar device. Optionally, the communication interface 2104 can also be a transceiver circuit located within the processor 2101, used to implement the processor's signal input and signal output.

[0188] The memory 2103 can be a device with storage function. For example, it can be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device capable of storing static information and instructions; random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device capable of storing information and instructions; it can also be an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compressed optical discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital universal optical discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media, or other magnetic storage devices; or any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and accessible by a computer, but not limited thereto. The memory can exist independently and be connected to the processor via communication line 2102. The memory can also be integrated with the processor.

[0189] The memory 2103 stores computer execution instructions for implementing the scheme of this application, and its execution is controlled by the processor 2101. The processor 2101 executes the computer execution instructions stored in the memory 2103, thereby implementing the communication method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0190] Alternatively, in this embodiment, the processor 2101 may execute the processing-related functions of the communication method provided in the following embodiments of this application, and the communication interface 2104 may be responsible for communicating with other devices or communication networks. This embodiment does not specifically limit this.

[0191] Optionally, the computer execution instructions in the embodiments of this application may also be referred to as application code, and the embodiments of this application do not specifically limit this.

[0192] In a specific implementation, as one example, processor 2101 may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU1 in FIG21.

[0193] In a specific implementation, as one embodiment, the communication device 2100 may include multiple processors, such as processors 2107 and 2101 in FIG. 21. Each of these processors may be a single-core processor or a multi-core processor. The processors here may include, but are not limited to, at least one of the following: a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a microcontroller unit (MCU), or an artificial intelligence processor, etc., and various computing devices that run software. Each computing device may include one or more cores for executing software instructions to perform calculations or processing.

[0194] In a specific implementation, as one embodiment, the communication device 2100 may further include an output device 2105 and an input device 2106. The output device 2105 communicates with the processor 2101 and can display information in various ways. For example, the output device 2105 may be a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light-emitting diode (LED) display device, a cathode ray tube (CRT) display device, or a projector, etc. The input device 2106 communicates with the processor 2101 and can receive user input in various ways. For example, the input device 2106 may be a mouse, keyboard, touchscreen device, or sensing device, etc.

[0195] The aforementioned communication device 2100 may sometimes be referred to as a communication device, which can be a general-purpose device or a special-purpose device. For example, the communication device 2100 may be a desktop computer, a portable computer, a web server, a handheld computer (personal digital assistant, PDA), a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a wireless AIoT device, an embedded device, or a device with a similar structure to that in Figure 21. The embodiments of this application do not limit the type of communication device 2100.

[0196] Furthermore, the composition shown in Figure 21 does not constitute a limitation on the communication device. In addition to the components shown in Figure 21, the communication device may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0197] It should be noted that in the following embodiments of this application, the message names, parameter names, or information names between network elements are just examples. Other names may also be used in other embodiments. The communication method provided in this application does not specifically limit these names.

[0198] It is understood that in the embodiments of this application, each network element can execute some or all of the steps in the embodiments of this application. These steps or operations are merely examples, and the embodiments of this application can also perform other operations or variations of various operations. Furthermore, the steps can be executed in different orders as presented in the embodiments of this application, and it is not necessary to execute all the operations in the embodiments of this application.

[0199] The communication method provided in the embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to Figures 22 to 26.

[0200] It should be noted that the embodiments of this application can be applied not only to AIoT devices, but also to other similar low-power devices, which will be collectively referred to as terminal devices below.

[0201] Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of an example of the communication method provided in this application embodiment. This method can be applied to the communication system shown in Figure 20, and is illustrated using the interaction between a reader and a terminal device as an example. Of course, the entity executing the reader's actions in this method can also be a device / module within the reader, such as a chip, processor, or processing module within the reader; similarly, the entity executing the terminal device's actions in this method can also be a device / module within the terminal device, such as a chip, processor, or processing module within the terminal device. This application embodiment does not specifically limit this. In this application embodiment, a single executing entity (e.g., the processing performed by the reader or terminal device) can also be divided into multiple executing entities, which can be logically and / or physically separated. For example, as shown in Figure 22, method 2200 includes at least one of the following steps:

[0202] S2210, the reader sends the first paging message. Correspondingly, the terminal device receives the first paging message from the reader.

[0203] In this embodiment of the application, the first paging message indicates at least one first parameter, which is associated with at least one first resource set. The first resource set is used by the terminal device to send a random access first message. The first resource set includes one or more of the following: at least one frequency domain resource, or at least one time domain resource.

[0204] In this embodiment, the first paging message may also be referred to as the first R2D signal, or it may have other names; this embodiment does not limit this. The first paging message may include at least one first parameter. Alternatively, the first paging message may indicate at least one first parameter in other ways. For example, at least one first parameter may be indicated by the time / frequency domain resources of the first paging message, and the correspondence between the time / frequency domain resources of the first paging message and at least one first parameter is predefined. At least one first parameter may be indicated in other ways; this embodiment does not limit this.

[0205] Of course, the reader can also indicate at least one first parameter through other messages. This application embodiment uses the example of the reader indicating at least one first parameter through the first paging message for illustration, but this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0206] In this embodiment of the application, the first parameter may also be an index, or other parameters, and this embodiment of the application does not limit this.

[0207] In this embodiment, the first random access message can also be called random access MSG1, or other names, such as random access MSG3 or PDRCH in some scenarios. This embodiment does not limit this.

[0208] In one possible implementation, the reader can send a first paging message indicating a first parameter associated with at least one first resource set, through which the resource set to which the terminal device sends the random access first message can be determined.

[0209] In this embodiment of the application, the configuration of the first resource set includes one or more of the following: the time domain offset of the starting position of the first resource set relative to the first paging message, the number of time domain resources in the first resource set, the size of a time domain resource in the first resource set, the time domain offset between adjacent time domain resources in the first resource set, at least one repetition number corresponding to the random access first message, the starting position of the time domain resources in the first resource set corresponding to at least one repetition number, the number of frequency domain resources in the first resource set, the size of a frequency domain resource in the first resource set, the frequency domain offset between adjacent frequency domain resources in the first resource set, at least one line code repetition number, or at least one BLF.

[0210] In this embodiment, the time-domain offset between adjacent time-domain resources in the first resource set may include the time interval between the time-domain resources in the first resource set. This time interval may be at the time slot level, the symbol level, or other granularities; this embodiment does not limit this.

[0211] In this embodiment of the application, the starting position of the first resource set can also be the time domain offset of a specific resource (e.g., the first resource) of the first resource set relative to the first paging message.

[0212] In this embodiment of the application, the first parameter may only be associated with one or some of the configurations included in the configuration of the first resource set, and the remaining configurations may be predefined and do not need to be associated with the first parameter.

[0213] Alternatively, in this embodiment, one or more combinations of parameters included in the configuration of the first resource set can be predefined. The first parameter indicates this combination, thereby enabling the terminal device to determine the first resource set for sending the random access first message. That is, the first parameter is associated with at least two configurations in the configuration of the first resource set.

[0214] The following examples will describe one or more combinations. Specifically, the first resource set is the MSG1 resource set, the first random access message is the MSG1 message, and the first parameter is the index. These examples are not intended to limit the embodiments of this application. The index is used to determine the configuration of the aforementioned first resource set.

[0215] For time-domain resource sets:

[0216] Method 1:

[0217] A combination contains at least two of the following information: the time offset of the MSG1 resource set start position (the start position of the first MSG1 resource) relative to the first paging message, the number of MSG1 resources in the time domain, and the length of one MSG1 time domain resource. Each combination corresponds to an index, as shown in Table 4 below. The tables in this embodiment are merely examples, and the configuration of resource sets can also be presented in other forms, which are not limited thereto.

[0218] Table 4

[0219] The first paging message can indicate one of the indices (indexes used to indicate time-domain resources). The terminal device can determine the time-domain resource location of MSG1 based on the index.

[0220] Specifically, the starting position of the time-domain resources of MSG1 is obtained in the following way: l = offset + n t *N dur

[0221] Where l represents the time offset of each MSG1 resource relative to the first paging message, and n t = 0, 1, ..., (X-1). In this example, N durIt must include at least one of the following: the length of MSG1 itself, or the time offset caused by SFO / CFO.

[0222] For example, offset = 4 OFDM symbol, X = 4, N dur =2, then n t =0,1,2,3, l={4,6,8,10}. Therefore, the time-domain resources of MSG1 are shown in Figure 23.

[0223] Alternatively, the starting position of the time-domain resources of MSG1 can be obtained as follows: l = offset + n t *N dur +GP

[0224] Wherein, GP represents the time interval between adjacent MSG1 resources (e.g., the time interval between the start position of the later MSG1 resource and the end position of the previous MSG1 resource). GP is greater than or equal to 0.

[0225] It should be noted that the GP value is related to the time offset caused by SFO. The GP of the 0th MSG1 resource can be 0. In this example, N dur It does not include the time offset caused by SFO / CFO.

[0226] Method 2:

[0227] Building upon Method 1, each combination can also include one or more GPs, and an index can correspond to the values ​​of one or more GPs. For example, a combination may contain the values ​​of multiple GPs, with the i-th value corresponding to the i-th time-domain resource; or, the i-th value may correspond to the (i+1)-th time-domain resource, and the GP of the 0th MSG1 resource may be 0.

[0228] The starting position of the time-domain resources of MSG1 is: l = offset + n t *N dur +GP

[0229] The relevant descriptions of each parameter can be found in the descriptions in Method 1 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0230] Method 3:

[0231] A combination contains at least two of the following information: the time offset of the MSG1 resource set's starting position relative to the first paging message, the number of MSG1 resources in the time domain, and the symbol-level interval (interval between the start symbol or the end symbol) N for each MSG1 time domain resource. sym Among them, N sym The value ranges from 0 to 13.

[0232] The starting position of the time-domain resources of MSG1 is: l = offset + n t *N sym

[0233] The relevant descriptions of each parameter can be found in the descriptions in Method 1 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0234] Method 4:

[0235] A combination contains at least two of the following information: the time offset of the MSG1 resource set's starting position relative to the first paging message, the number of MSG1 resources in the time domain, and the slot-level interval (interval between start symbols or interval between end symbols) N for each MSG1 time domain resource. slot .

[0236] The starting position of the time-domain resources of MSG1 is: l = offset + n t +14*N slot

[0237] The relevant descriptions of each parameter can be found in the descriptions in Method 1 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0238] Method 5:

[0239] Method five can be a combination of methods three and four. In this method, the starting position of the time-domain resources of MSG1 is: l = offset + n t *N sym +14*N slot

[0240] The relevant descriptions of each parameter can be found in the descriptions in Method 1 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0241] It should be noted that in methods three to five, the time domain length of MSG1 is calculated from the length of the MSG1 sequence, for example, bit number * chip number per bit * chip duration.

[0242] Method Six:

[0243] Different terminal devices have different channel quality and coverage conditions, so the number of repetitions of MSG1 may also differ. The resource size of MSG1 also varies for different repetition numbers. As shown in Figure 24, for example, MSG1 resources with different repetition numbers are nested, and the starting position of the first resource for each repetition number is the same. In Mode 6, the starting position of the time-domain resource of MSG1 is also related to the number of repetitions.

[0244] It should be noted that the repetition count of MSG1 differs from the line code repetition count described below. MSG1 repetition counts can include block-level repetition, bit-level repetition, or chip-level repetition. Line code repetition allows for the transmission of more chips per unit time; that is, the more repetitions, the shorter the chip length. However, for block, bit, or chip repetition, the more repetitions, the longer the transmission time.

[0245] In method six, the combined information can still refer to methods one through five. Wherein, N dur or N sym Both represent the minimum time length of MSG1 (i.e., the time length of a single transmission). The first paging message can indicate an index. The terminal device can determine the starting position of the time-domain resource of MSG1 based on the information corresponding to the index.

[0246] Taking method one as an example, under method six: l = offset + n t *N dur *M

[0247] Where M can be the number of repetitions. The descriptions of each parameter can be found in Method 1 above, and will not be repeated here. Similar to Method 1, N... dur The time offset caused by SFO / CFO may or may not be included. If not included, GP can be introduced into the above formula, see Method 1.

[0248] Method Seven:

[0249] The starting positions in the time domain of MSG1 with different repetition counts are different. Resources with different repetition counts can be arranged in the time domain according to rules, such as ascending or descending order based on the number of repetitions. Figure 25 shows a schematic diagram of resources with different repetition counts arranged in ascending order in the time domain according to an embodiment of this application. In mode seven, the starting position of the time domain resources of MSG1 is also related to the number of repetitions. The starting position of the first resource of MSG1 with different repetition counts is different.

[0250] Based on methods one through five, the combined information can also include the number of resources corresponding to each number of repetitions (e.g., X1, X2, ...).

[0251] Where, N dur or N sym Both represent the minimum time length of MSG1 (i.e., the time length of a single transmission). The first paging message can indicate an index. The terminal device can determine the starting position of the time-domain resources of MSG1 based on the information corresponding to the index. Taking mode one as an example, in mode seven: l = offset + X1 * N dur *M1+X2*Ndur *M2+…

[0252] Where M1 and M2 can be the number of repetitions, and are integers greater than or equal to 1. The descriptions of each parameter can be found in Method 1 above, and will not be repeated here. Similar to Method 1, N... dur The time offset caused by SFO / CFO may or may not be included. If not included, GP can be introduced into the above formula, which can be referred to the description in Method 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0253] It should be noted that the time offset between the start time unit of the MSG1 resource and the start time unit or end time unit of the first paging message resource must at least include the processing time of the first paging message and / or the time domain length of the first paging message resource. For example, when the start time unit of the first paging message resource is used as the reference point, the time offset must at least include the processing time of the first paging message and the time domain length of the first paging message resource. As another example, when the end time unit of the first paging message resource is used as the reference point, the time offset must at least include the processing time of the first paging message.

[0254] In one possible implementation, the time offset of the MSG1 resource set start position (the first MSG1 resource start position) relative to the first paging message must at least include the processing time of the first paging message and / or the time domain length of the first paging message resource, i.e., greater than or equal to the processing time of the first paging message and / or the time domain length of the first paging message resource. For example, the time offset of the MSG1 resource set start position relative to the first paging message can be greater than or equal to the processing time of the first paging message, or the time offset of the MSG1 resource set start position relative to the first paging message can be greater than or equal to the sum of the processing time of the first paging message and the time domain length of the first paging message resource.

[0255] In another possible implementation, the reader and / or terminal device determines the valid MSG1 resource based on the processing time of the first paging message, TR2D_min, and / or the time-domain length of the first paging message resource. In this approach, the time offset of the start position of the MSG1 resource set (the start position of the first MSG1 resource) relative to the first paging message can be less than / equal to / greater than the processing time of the first paging message and / or the time-domain length of the first paging message resource. However, only MSG1 resources with a time offset equal to or greater than the processing time of the first paging message and / or the time-domain length of the first paging message resource are valid MSG1 resources. The terminal device can send MSG1 on valid MSG1 resources, and correspondingly, the reader receives MSG1 on valid MSG1 resources.

[0256] Specifically, the processing time of the first paging message is greater than or equal to TR2D_min (TR2D_min represents the shortest time between an R2D transmission and a subsequent corresponding D2R transmission). In other words, the time offset between the start time unit of the MSG1 resource and the end time unit of the first paging message resource is greater than or equal to TR2D_min. The value of TR2D_min can be the same or different for different terminals.

[0257] In one possible implementation, the resources of the first resource set are also related to TR2D_max (TR2D_max represents the maximum time between an R2D transmission and a subsequent corresponding D2R transmission). For example, the number of resources in the first resource set, the resource length, the time position of the last resource, or the time position (start time position and / or end time position) of the first resource set are related to TR2D_max. The resources of the first resource set (the start time position and / or end time position of the resources) should be within the time range determined by TR2D_max, that is, the resources of the first resource set do not exceed the time range determined by TR2D_max.

[0258] In another possible implementation, the reader and / or terminal device determines the valid MSG1 resources based on TR2D_max. In this approach, the set of MSG1 resources (the start and / or end times of the resources) determined by the first paging message may or may not exceed the time range defined by TR2D_max. However, only resources in the MSG1 resource set whose start and / or end times do not exceed the time range defined by TR2D_max are considered valid MSG1 resources. The terminal device can send MSG1s on valid MSG1 resources, and correspondingly, the reader receives MSG1s on valid MSG1 resources. TR2D_max can be predefined by the protocol or indicated by the reader / terminal device; for example, the first paging message can also indicate TR2D_max.

[0259] For frequency domain resource sets:

[0260] The first paging message may also indicate an index (used to indicate frequency domain resources). This index and the index used to indicate time domain resources mentioned above may be different or the same; this embodiment does not limit this. If they are different, it means that the time domain resource set and the frequency domain resource set are indicated by different information. If they are the same, it means that the index indicated by the first paging message is used to indicate both the MSG1 time domain resource set and the MSG1 frequency domain resource set, that is, the frequency domain resources or the time domain resources are obtained through the same index.

[0261] An index may include at least one of the following: a set of line code repetition numbers or the number of line code repetitions of one of the resources, a set of BLFs or the BLF of one of the resources (e.g., the MSG1 resource closest to the CW in the frequency domain), the number of frequency domain resources at a time domain resource location, the size of the MSG1 frequency domain resource, the reserved interval (guard bandwidth GP) between adjacent frequency domain resources, and the interval between the start or end frequency domain locations of adjacent frequency domain resources.

[0262] For example, as shown in Table 5, an index indicates the BLF of the MSG1 resource closest to CW in the frequency domain, the number of MSG1 resources in the frequency domain, and the interval between the start or end frequency domain positions of adjacent frequency domain resources.

[0263] Table 5

[0264] The frequency domain resource location of MSG1 is obtained in the following way: f = BLF + n f *Δf

[0265] Where f represents the frequency domain offset of each MSG1 resource relative to CW, and n f =0,1,…,(Y-1). In this method, Δf can include the frequency domain offset caused by SFO / CFO. When Y is greater than 1, the terminal device can obtain multiple MSG1 frequency domain resources through one index.

[0266] For example, frequency domain resources or time domain resources can be obtained using the same index, as shown in Table 6 below. An index indicates the time offset of the first MSG1 resource relative to the first paging message, the number of MSG1 resources in the time domain, the length of each MSG1 time domain resource, and the set of line code repetition numbers. The location of a MSG1 time domain resource can be obtained using an index including the time offset of the first MSG1 resource relative to the first paging message, the number of MSG1 resources in the time domain, and the length of each MSG1 time domain resource. The location of a MSG1 frequency domain resource can be obtained using the set of line code repetition numbers. A terminal device can obtain the time domain and frequency domain resources of multiple MSG1s using a single index.

[0267] Table 6

[0268] The above is an example of how a terminal device determines a first resource set based on a first parameter by indicating a first paging message. It should be understood that, in addition to the above example, there may be other ways to determine a first resource set based on a first parameter, and these embodiments are not exhaustively described here.

[0269] It should be noted that the time units for time offset and length can be referenced to the subcarrier spacing of the first paging message. If the SCS of MSG1 and the first paging message are different, the time domain position can be converted according to the ratio of their subcarrier spacings.

[0270] It should be noted that, for the contention-based random access method, the terminal device selects a resource within the first resource set determined above to send MSG 1.

[0271] In another possible implementation, the reader can indicate multiple first parameters; that is, the first paging message can indicate multiple first resource sets, each of which can contain multiple resources. These multiple first resource sets can be time-division or frequency-division. Each resource set corresponds to a number of repetitions of a random access first message, a random access type, different terminal devices, or different groups of terminal devices. In this way, collisions between terminal devices can be reduced.

[0272] Similar to the description above, the first paging message can indicate multiple indices, with each index corresponding to a set of MSG1 resources. The first paging message can indicate the corresponding index for different repetition counts, random access types, different terminal devices, or groups of terminal devices.

[0273] For example, a resource set corresponds to the number of repetitions of a certain MSG1. The terminal device can determine the MSG1 resource set based on the number of repetitions and randomly select MSG1 resources from the corresponding MSG1 resource set to send MSG1.

[0274] For example, a resource set corresponds to a random access type, which includes contention-based random access and non-contention-based random access. Terminal devices of the two random access types determine the MSG1 resource from different resource sets.

[0275] It should be noted that for one or more terminal devices of CFRA, the reader can further instruct different MSG1 resources for different terminal devices, instructing a specific MSG1 resource for each terminal device.

[0276] For example, a resource set corresponds to a terminal device group. Terminal devices in the same group select the MSG1 resource from the same resource set, while terminal devices in different groups select the MSG1 resource from different resource sets.

[0277] Optionally, the first paging message may also indicate the message type of the random access first message. Different types of random access first messages carry different content, which may include at least one of the following: carrying a random identifier (ID), carrying a random ID and energy status information, or carrying other higher-level information. It should be noted that the first parameter may differ for different message types of random access first messages, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0278] It should be noted that the scheme of indicating the message type of the first paging message to randomly access the first message can form an independent implementation.

[0279] In this embodiment of the application, in order for the reader to identify different terminal devices, the random IDs of different terminals should be as different as possible to reduce ID collisions between terminal devices. The random ID is related to at least one of the following factors:

[0280] The location of the time-domain resources carrying the first random access message, for example, the start time unit l of the first random access message; different l results in different random IDs. Alternatively, the time-domain resources of the first random access message relative to the time offset of the first paging message.

[0281] The location of the frequency domain resource carrying the first random access message, for example, the starting frequency domain unit f of the first random access message; different f results in different random IDs. Alternatively, the frequency domain location of the CW, the value / index / number of BLF, and the number of line code repetitions.

[0282] The size of the time-domain resource carrying the first random access message; for example, different time-domain resource sizes result in different random IDs.

[0283] The size of the frequency domain resource carrying the first random access message; for example, different frequency domain resource sizes result in different random IDs.

[0284] The number of time-domain resources in at least one first resource set, for example, the number of time-domain resources in the first resource set is X, and X is different if the random ID range or upper limit or random ID is different.

[0285] The number of frequency domain resources in at least one first resource set, for example, the number of frequency domain resources in the first resource set is Y, and different Y have different random ID ranges or upper limits or random IDs.

[0286] The number of times the first message is randomly accessed; for example, different numbers of repetitions result in different random IDs.

[0287] Reader ID, for example, different reader IDs result in different random IDs.

[0288] Q value, for example, different Q values ​​result in different random IDs.

[0289] Alternatively, ASID, for example, different ASIDs result in different random IDs.

[0290] In one possible implementation, the random ID can be calculated using at least one of the factors mentioned above.

[0291] For example, Random ID can be calculated using the following formula: Random ID = A + f(l) + f(X) + f(Y) + f(reader ID)

[0292] Where f(.) represents a function expression, l, X, Y, and random ID are function variables, and A is a fixed value greater than or equal to 0. Furthermore, f(l), f(X), f(Y), and f(reader ID) are related by OR.

[0293] For example, the range or upper limit of random ID values ​​is related to 2. X or 2 X*Y related.

[0294] In another possible implementation, the random ID is obtained through a random number generator, or the random ID is obtained through a pseudo-random number generator.

[0295] For example, the initialization sequence for Random ID is c. init c init It can be calculated using at least one of the above factors.

[0296] The pseudo-random sequence is generated as follows:

[0297] c(n)=(x1(n+N)+x2(n+N))mod2 x1(n+N1)=(x1(n+N2)+x1(n))mod2 x2(n+N3)=(x2(n+N4)+x2(n+N5)+x2(n+N6)+x2(n))mod2

[0298] The initialization sequence of x1(n) is x1(0) = 1, x1(n) = 0, n = 1, 2, ..., 30; the initialization sequence of x2(n) is c initN, N1, N2, N3, N4, N5, and N6 can be predefined values, for example, N1 = 31, N2 = 3, N3 = 31, N4 = 3, N5 = 2, N6 = 1, and N = 2200.

[0299] For example, c init It can be calculated using the following formula: c init =+f(l)+f(X)+f(Y)+f(reader ID)

[0300] Where f(.) represents a function expression, l, X, Y, and random ID are function variables, and A is a fixed value greater than or equal to 0. Furthermore, f(l), f(X), f(Y), and f(reader ID) are related by OR.

[0301] For example, the range or upper limit of random ID values, or c. init With 2 X or 2 X*Y related.

[0302] Alternatively, as a possible implementation, the range or upper limit of the random ID can be predefined by the protocol or indicated by the reader (e.g., indicated by the first paging message). The range or upper limit of the random ID may be related to the terminal device type or terminal device group. Different terminal device types or terminal device groups may have different ranges or upper limits for the random ID, and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0303] S2220, the terminal device sends a random access first message based on at least one first parameter. Correspondingly, the reader receives the random access first message.

[0304] The communication method provided in this application embodiment allows the reader to indicate a first parameter associated with a first resource set that is sent to the terminal device via a first paging message. This enables the reader to indicate the first resource set by indicating the first parameter, which is relatively simple. The terminal device can send a random access first message according to the first parameter, thereby adapting to the AIoT system and saving signaling overhead.

[0305] In this embodiment, after receiving a first random access message from a terminal device, the reader can send a second random access message to the terminal device. If the terminal device does not receive the second random access message, or if the information indicated by the second random access message received by the terminal device does not match its own information, it can retransmit the first random access message.

[0306] It should be noted that the scheme for retransmitting the first random access message by the terminal device can form an independent implementation.

[0307] In this embodiment, the random access second message can be called MSG2, or it can be other names, such as PRDCH. This embodiment does not limit this. MSG2 is used as an example below for a unified explanation. It will not be repeated here.

[0308] In one possible implementation, the reader / writer can instruct the terminal device to retransmit the first random access message. That is, optionally, the communication method provided in this application embodiment further includes:

[0309] S2230, the reader sends a second paging message. Correspondingly, the terminal device receives the second paging message from the reader.

[0310] In this embodiment of the application, the second paging message instructs the terminal device to retransmit the random access first message.

[0311] For example, the retransmitted first random access message can use the same first parameter as the initial first random access message. Using this approach, the reader does not need to carry all the content carried in the first paging message in the second paging message, saving signaling overhead. The terminal device can then determine that the current first random access message is a retransmission through the second paging message.

[0312] In this embodiment, the time-domain starting position of the retransmitted random access first message is determined based on the time-domain offset of the starting position of the first resource set relative to the second paging message.

[0313] For example, the resource location of the retransmitted MSG1 is referenced to the time-domain offset of the second paging message, and the starting position of the retransmitted MSG1 resource is determined using the index of the initial transmission. For example: l = offset + n t *N dur

[0314] At this point, offset represents the time offset of the resource location of MSG1 relative to the second paging message. For a description of this parameter, please refer to the relevant descriptions in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0315] Optionally, the second paging message may carry a retransmission instruction. Optionally, the second paging message may include the number of retransmissions.

[0316] In this embodiment of the application, the number of retransmissions indicated by the second paging message can be increased sequentially, or the number of retransmissions indicated by the second paging message can be decreased sequentially.

[0317] Optionally, the first paging message may also include the maximum number of retransmissions. This scheme can avoid power waste or system resource congestion caused by terminal devices continuously attempting to connect when they fail to connect. The maximum number of retransmissions can be determined based on the type of terminal device, the number of terminal devices in the AIoT system, or other factors; this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0318] For example, in the case where the number of retransmissions increases sequentially, the retransmission indication or retransmission count in the initial random access is 0, or the initial value of the retransmission indication or retransmission count included in the first paging message is 0. Each time a retransmission is triggered, the retransmission indication or retransmission count included in the second paging message is incremented by 1.

[0319] For the terminal device, if it receives the second paging message, a retransmission indication, or the number of retransmissions reaches P (i.e., the maximum number of retransmissions is P), then after this random access, it does not need to receive the second paging message or perform random access for a period of time; after a period of time, the terminal device can receive new paging messages.

[0320] For example, in the case where the number of retransmissions decreases sequentially, the initial retransmission indication or retransmission count in the initial random access is P, or the initial value of the retransmission indication or retransmission count included in the first paging message is P. Each time a retransmission is triggered, the retransmission indication or retransmission count included in the second paging message is decreased by 1 sequentially.

[0321] For the terminal device, if it receives the second paging message, a retransmission indication, or the retransmission count reaches 0, then after this random access, it does not need to receive the second paging message or perform random access for a period of time; after a period of time, the terminal device can receive new paging messages.

[0322] When the terminal device receives a second paging message, and the retransmission indication or retransmission count reaches 0, then after this random access, it does not need to receive a second paging message or perform random access again for a period of time. After this period, the terminal device can receive new paging messages.

[0323] When the reader sends multiple second paging messages, the terminal device may miss some of them. For example, if the reader sends three second paging messages with retransmission indications or retransmission counts of 1, 2, and 3 respectively, and the terminal device receives second paging messages with retransmission indications or retransmission counts of 1 and 3 respectively, then a missed detection can be determined. The terminal device can then take at least one of the following actions:

[0324] In one possible implementation, the terminal device adjusts its retransmission count based on the second paging message.

[0325] In another possible implementation, the communication method provided in this application embodiment may further include:

[0326] S2240, the terminal device sends a second instruction message to the reader / writer. Correspondingly, the reader / writer receives the second instruction message from the terminal device.

[0327] In this embodiment, the second indication information is used to instruct the reader to adjust the number of retransmissions. Alternatively, the second indication information is used to indicate the number of retransmissions, or to indicate whether the actual number of retransmissions by the terminal device is consistent with or inconsistent with the number of retransmissions indicated by the reader.

[0328] Furthermore, optionally, the communication method provided in the embodiments of this application further includes:

[0329] S2250, the reader adjusts the number of retransmissions based on the second instruction information.

[0330] In another possible implementation, if the terminal device has strong capabilities, it can count the number of retransmissions and then notify the reader of the count. Optionally, the communication method provided in this application embodiment further includes:

[0331] S2260, the terminal device sends third instruction information to the reader / writer. Correspondingly, the reader / writer receives the third instruction information from the terminal device.

[0332] In this embodiment of the application, the third indication information is used to indicate the number of times the terminal device retransmits the first random access message.

[0333] It should be noted that, for the case where the maximum number of retransmissions is P, due to limitations such as power consumption, the terminal device may not be able to participate in P random access attempts. Optionally, the terminal device can send an indication message to the reader to indicate suspension or early termination of random access. When the terminal device indicates to the reader to suspend random access, the retransmission indication or retransmission count indicated by the reader can remain unchanged, or the retransmission indication or retransmission count indicated by the reader can continue to increase, or the retransmission indication or retransmission count indicated by the reader can continue to decrease. This application embodiment does not limit this.

[0334] It should be noted that the scheme of instructing the terminal device to retransmit the first random access message through the second paging message is applicable to the case where the terminal device has not received the second random access message, and also applicable to the case where the terminal device has received the second random access message but the information indicated by the second random access message does not match the terminal device.

[0335] It should be noted that there is no order restriction between the above optional steps.

[0336] In another possible implementation, the terminal device can actively retransmit the first random access message. For example, if the terminal device receives a second random access message from the reader, and the ID carried in the second random access message is inconsistent with the random ID of the terminal device, then the terminal device can retransmit the first random access message.

[0337] In this embodiment, the start position in the time domain of the retransmitted first random access message is determined based on the position of the second random access message. Optionally, the position of the second random access message can be the start position in the time domain of the second random access message, or the position of the second random access message can be the end position in the time domain of the second random access message.

[0338] For example, the location of the retransmitted MSG1 resource is referenced to the location of the MSG2 resource (start time unit or end time unit), and the starting position of the retransmitted MSG1 resource is determined using the retransmission index. For example: l = offset + n t *N dur

[0339] At this point, offset represents the time offset of MSG1 resource relative to MSG2. For a detailed description of this parameter, please refer to the relevant descriptions in the above embodiments; they will not be repeated here.

[0340] It should be noted that the scheme of the terminal device actively retransmitting the first random access message is applicable when the terminal device receives the second random access message but the information indicated by the second random access message does not match the terminal device.

[0341] In this embodiment of the application, the reader can send a random access second message to multiple terminal devices. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the position of each terminal device in the random access second message, or in other words, which part of the resources in the random access second message corresponds to which terminal device.

[0342] It should be noted that the methods for determining the position of each terminal device among multiple terminal devices in the random access second message can form independent embodiments. This method does not limit the transmission method of MSG2 described above.

[0343] In one possible implementation, the reader can indicate the position of the terminal device in the random access second message. Optionally, the reader can indicate the resource position of the random access second message corresponding to the terminal device through a first paging message. Optionally, the reader can indicate the resource position of the random access second message corresponding to the terminal device through a second paging message. Alternatively, the reader can indicate the resource position of the random access second message corresponding to the terminal device through other means, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0344] For example, the first paging message or the second paging message may indicate the bit length of the random access second message corresponding to the terminal device, or the size of the physical resource, and the positions of the multiple terminal devices triggered by this random access in the random access second message, such as the first bit of the terminal device, or the bit length or position of the physical resource in the random access second message.

[0345] In another possible implementation, the resource location of the random access second message corresponding to the terminal device is predefined. Alternatively, in other words, the terminal device can determine its own resource location for the random access second message using predefined rules. For example, the predefined rules could establish a mapping relationship between the resources or resource set of the random access first message and the locations of the various terminal devices corresponding to the random access second message.

[0346] For example, the first paging message indicates a first parameter, which is associated with a first resource set of the random access first message. There is a mapping relationship between the resources in the first resource set and the locations of the various terminal devices corresponding to the random access second message. This mapping relationship can be either frequency domain first, then time domain, or time domain first, then frequency domain. For instance, taking the frequency domain first, then time domain approach as an example, the frequency domain resources in the first resource set can be associated with the locations within MSG2 first, and then the time domain resources in the first resource set can be associated with the locations within MSG2.

[0347] For example, the first paging message indicates multiple first parameters, each of which is associated with a first resource set of the random access first message. That is, the first paging message is associated with multiple first resource sets. Therefore, resources within one first resource set can be mapped to locations within the random access second message first, and then mapped to different first resource sets. For instance, resources within the first first resource set can be mapped to locations within the random access second message first, then resources within the second first resource set can be mapped to locations within the random access second message, and so on.

[0348] For example, the first paging message indicates multiple first parameters, each of which is associated with a first resource set of the random access first message. That is, the first paging message is associated with multiple first resource sets, so one first resource set can correspond to the location of one random access second message. In other words, the resources in the first resource set are sequentially mapped to the locations of the random access second messages.

[0349] Alternatively, the predefined rules may also include the type of terminal device, or a group of terminal devices, etc., which are not limited in this application embodiment.

[0350] In this embodiment, the position of the terminal device in the random access second message is also related to the type of the terminal device or the terminal device group to which the terminal device belongs. For example, in the random access second message, the terminal device of type device 1 is located first, and the terminal device of type device 2a / 2b is located later.

[0351] In this embodiment of the application, if the reader does not receive the random access third message sent by the terminal device, the reader needs to retransmit the random access second message to the corresponding terminal device.

[0352] It should be noted that the scheme for retransmitting the second message of random access by the reader / writer can be a separate implementation.

[0353] In this embodiment of the application, the random access third message may also be referred to as MSG3, or other names, and this embodiment of the application does not limit it.

[0354] Optionally, the communication method provided in this application embodiment further includes:

[0355] S2270, the reader sends a retransmission of the second random access message to the terminal device based on the time-domain offset of the first reference point. Correspondingly, the terminal device receives the retransmission of the second random access message from the reader.

[0356] It should be noted that the communication method provided in this application embodiment can perform at least one of steps SS2210 to S2270, and there is no restriction on the order of execution.

[0357] It should be noted that the reference point for the retransmitted second random access message is different from the reference point for the initial second random access message. In one possible implementation, the first reference point is the time-domain location of the third random access message. In another possible implementation, the first reference point is the time-domain location of the second paging message.

[0358] Optionally, the first paging message may indicate a time domain offset. Alternatively, the second paging message may indicate a time domain offset. Alternatively, other messages may indicate a time domain offset, and this embodiment of the application does not limit this.

[0359] In one possible implementation, the number of terminal devices corresponding to the retransmitted random access second message is different from that of the initial random access second message. Optionally, the resource location for the retransmission of the random access second message by the terminal device can be determined by predefined rules, and the relevant description of the resource location of the initial random access second message can be referred to, and will not be repeated here. Optionally, the first paging message can indicate the resource location for the retransmission of the random access second message by the terminal device, or the second paging message can indicate the resource location for the retransmission of the random access second message by the terminal device, and the relevant description of the resource location of the initial random access second message indicated by the first paging message or the second paging message can be referred to, and will not be repeated here.

[0360] It should be noted that when the resource position for the retransmission of the second random access message of a terminal device is determined by predefined rules, the initial and retransmitted second random access messages are the same size, and the terminal device's position in both messages is also the same. However, the number of terminal devices corresponding to the retransmitted and initial second random access messages is different. For terminal devices that do not retransmit the second random access message, their corresponding bit positions or resource positions are reserved or padding is applied.

[0361] In this embodiment of the application, the reader can determine whether there is a correlation between the resources for randomly accessing the third message and the resources for randomly accessing the first message.

[0362] It should be noted that the scheme for determining the resources for random access to third messages can form an independent implementation.

[0363] In one possible implementation, the resources for the random access third message and the resources for the random access first message are associated, and the random access third message and the random access first message can use the same first parameter. For example, the first parameter is an index, and the same index can be associated with the resource set used to send the random access third message and the resource set used to send the random access first message. It can be understood that the resource set for the random access third message can be determined by the first parameter. Optionally, the random access second message can also indicate to the terminal device the resources in the resource set of the random access third message used by the terminal device to send the random access third message.

[0364] Since the information transmitted in the third random access message and the first random access message is different, the time-domain resources and / or frequency-domain resources required by them may be different. Optionally, the second random access message may also indicate the size of the time-domain resources and / or the size of the frequency-domain resources of the third random access message. Alternatively, the size of the time-domain resources and / or the size of the frequency-domain resources of the third random access message may be indicated by other messages, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0365] It should be noted that the size of the frequency domain resource can also be the length of the frequency domain resource, and the size of the time domain resource can also be the length of the time domain resource. The specific calculation method can be referred to the description in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0366] In another possible implementation, the resources of the random access third message are not associated with the resources of the random access first message, and the random access second message may include at least one second parameter associated with a second resource set used to send the random access third message.

[0367] In this embodiment of the application, the second parameter may also be an index, or other parameters, and this embodiment of the application does not limit this.

[0368] In one possible implementation, the reader can send a first paging message indicating a second parameter associated with at least one second resource set, through which the resource set for which the terminal device sends a random access third message can be determined.

[0369] In this embodiment of the application, the configuration of the second resource set includes one or more of the following: the starting position of the second resource set relative to the time domain offset of the random access second message, the number of time domain resources in the second resource set, the size of a time domain resource in the second resource set, the time domain offset between adjacent time domain resources in the second resource set, at least one repetition number corresponding to the random access third message, the starting position of the time domain resources in the second resource set corresponding to at least one repetition number, the number of frequency domain resources in the second resource set, the size of a frequency domain resource in the second resource set, the frequency domain offset between adjacent frequency domain resources in the second resource set, at least one line code repetition number, or at least one BLF.

[0370] In this embodiment, the time-domain offset between adjacent time-domain resources in the second resource set may include the time interval between the time-domain resources in the second resource set. This time interval may be at the time slot level, the symbol level, or other granularities; this embodiment does not limit this.

[0371] In this embodiment of the application, the starting position of the second resource set can also be the temporal offset of a specific resource (e.g., the first resource) of the second resource set relative to the random access second message.

[0372] In this embodiment of the application, the second parameter may only be associated with one or some of the configurations included in the configuration of the second resource set, and the remaining configurations may be predefined and do not need to be associated with the second parameter.

[0373] Alternatively, in this embodiment, one or more combinations of parameters included in the configuration of the second resource set can be predefined. The second parameter indicates this combination, thereby enabling the terminal device to determine the second resource set for sending the random access third message. That is, the second parameter is associated with at least two configurations in the configuration of the second resource set.

[0374] The following examples will describe one or more combinations. Specifically, the second resource set is the MSG3 resource set, the random access third message is the MSG3 message, and the second parameter is the index, as illustrated below. These examples are not intended to limit the embodiments of this application. The index is used to determine the configuration of the aforementioned second resource set. MSG3 can also be called PDRCH.

[0375] For time-domain resource sets:

[0376] Method 1:

[0377] A combination contains at least two of the following information: the time offset of the MSG3 resource set start position (the start position of the first MSG3 resource) relative to the random access second message, the number of MSG3 resources in the time domain, and the length of one MSG3 time domain resource. Each combination corresponds to an index, as shown in Table 7 below. The tables in this embodiment are merely examples, and the configuration of resource sets can also be presented in other forms, which are not limited thereto.

[0378] Table 7

[0379] The random access second message can indicate one of the indices (indexes used to indicate time-domain resources). The terminal device can determine the time-domain resource location of MSG3 based on the index.

[0380] Specifically, the starting position of the time-domain resources of MSG3 is obtained in the following way: l = offset + n t *N dur

[0381] Where l represents the time offset of each MSG3 resource relative to the second random access message, and n t = 0, 1, ..., (X-1). In this example, Ndur It must include at least one of the following: the length of MSG3 itself, or the time offset caused by SFO / CFO.

[0382] For example, offset = 4 OFDM symbol, X = 4, N dur =2, then n t =0,1,2,3, l ={4,6,8,10}. Alternatively, the starting position of the time-domain resources of MSG1 is obtained as follows: l = offset + n t *N dur +GP

[0383] Wherein, GP represents the time interval between adjacent MSG1 resources (e.g., the time interval between the start position of the next MSG3 resource and the end position of the previous MSG1 resource). GP is greater than or equal to 0.

[0384] It should be noted that the GP value is related to the time offset caused by SFO. The GP of the 0th MSG3 resource can be 0. In this example, N dur It does not include the time offset caused by SFO / CFO.

[0385] Method 2:

[0386] Building upon Method 1, each combination can also include one or more GPs, and an index can correspond to the values ​​of one or more GPs. For example, a combination may contain the values ​​of multiple GPs, with the i-th value corresponding to the i-th time-domain resource; or, the i-th value may correspond to the (i+1)-th time-domain resource, and the GP of the 0th MSG3 resource may be 0.

[0387] The starting position of the time-domain resources of MSG3 is: l = offset + n t *N dur +GP

[0388] The relevant descriptions of each parameter can be found in the descriptions in Method 1 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0389] Method 3:

[0390] A combination contains at least two of the following information: the time offset of the MSG3 resource set's starting position relative to the random access second message, the number of MSG3 resources in the time domain, and the symbol-level interval (interval between the start symbol or the end symbol) N for each MSG3 time domain resource. sym Among them, N sym The value ranges from 0 to 13.

[0391] The starting position of the time-domain resources of MSG3 is: l = offset + n t*N sym

[0392] The relevant descriptions of each parameter can be found in the descriptions in Method 1 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0393] Method 4:

[0394] A combination contains at least two of the following information: the time offset of the MSG3 resource set's starting position relative to the random access second message, the number of MSG3 resources in the time domain, and the slot-level interval (interval between start symbols or interval between end symbols) N for each MSG3 time domain resource. slot .

[0395] The starting position of the time-domain resources of MSG3 is: l = offset + n t +14*N slot

[0396] The relevant descriptions of each parameter can be found in the descriptions in Method 1 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0397] Method 5:

[0398] Method five can be a combination of methods three and four. In this method, the starting position of the time-domain resources for MSG3 is: l = offset + n t *N sym +14*N slot

[0399] The relevant descriptions of each parameter can be found in the descriptions in Method 1 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0400] It should be noted that in methods three to five, the time domain length of MSG3 is calculated from the length of the MSG3 sequence, for example, bit number * chip number per bit * chip duration.

[0401] Method Six:

[0402] Different terminal devices have different channel quality and coverage conditions, so the number of MSG3 repetitions may also differ. The resource size of MSG3 also varies for different repetition numbers. MSG3 resources with different repetition numbers are nested, and the starting position of the first resource is the same for all repetition numbers. In Mode 6, the starting position of the time-domain resource of MSG3 is also related to the repetition number.

[0403] It's important to note that the repetition count of MSG3 differs from that of line code. MSG3 repetition can include block-level repetition, bit-level repetition, or chip-level repetition. Line code repetition allows for the transmission of more chips per unit time; that is, the more repetitions, the shorter the chip length. However, for block, bit, or chip repetition, the more repetitions, the longer the transmission time.

[0404] In method six, the combined information can still refer to methods one through five. Wherein, N dur or N sym Both represent the minimum duration of MSG3 (i.e., the duration of a single transmission). The second random access message can indicate an index. The terminal device can determine the starting position of the time-domain resource of MSG3 based on the information corresponding to the index.

[0405] Taking method one as an example, under method six: l = offset + n t *N dur *M

[0406] Where M can be the number of repetitions. The descriptions of each parameter can be found in Method 1 above, and will not be repeated here. Similar to Method 1, N... dur The time offset caused by SFO / CFO may or may not be included. If not included, GP can be introduced into the above formula, see Method 1.

[0407] Method Seven:

[0408] The starting position of the MSG3 resource in the time domain differs for different repetition counts. Resources with different repetition counts can be arranged in the time domain according to rules, such as ascending or descending order based on the number of repetitions. In Mode 7, the starting position of the MSG3 resource in the time domain is also related to the number of repetitions. The starting position of the first resource in MSG3 with different repetition counts differs.

[0409] Based on methods one through five, the combined information can also include the number of resources corresponding to each number of repetitions (e.g., X1, X2, ...).

[0410] Where, N dur or N sym Both represent the minimum duration of MSG3 (i.e., the duration of a single transmission). The second random access message can indicate an index. The terminal device can determine the starting position of the MSG3 time-domain resource based on the information corresponding to the index. Taking mode one as an example, in mode seven: l = offset + X1 * N dur *M1+X2*N dur *M2+…

[0411] Where M1 and M2 can be the number of repetitions, and are integers greater than or equal to 1. The descriptions of each parameter can be found in Method 1 above, and will not be repeated here. Similar to Method 1, N... dur The time offset caused by SFO / CFO may or may not be included. If not included, GP can be introduced into the above formula, which can be referred to the description in Method 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0412] For frequency domain resource sets:

[0413] The second random access message can also indicate an index (used to indicate frequency domain resources). This index can be different from or the same as the index used to indicate time domain resources, and this application embodiment does not limit this. If they are different, it means that the time domain resource set and the frequency domain resource set are indicated by different indications. If they are the same, it means that the index indicated by the second random access message is used to indicate both the MSG3 time domain resource set and the MSG3 frequency domain resource set, that is, the frequency domain resources or the time domain resources are obtained through the same index.

[0414] An index may include at least one of the following: a set of line code repetition numbers or the number of line code repetitions of one of the resources, a set of BLFs or the BLF of one of the resources (e.g., the MSG3 resource closest to the CW in the frequency domain), the number of frequency domain resources at a time domain resource location, the size of the MSG3 frequency domain resource, the reserved interval (guard bandwidth GP) between adjacent frequency domain resources, and the interval between the start or end frequency domain positions of adjacent frequency domain resources.

[0415] For example, as shown in Table 8, an index indicates the BLF of the MSG3 resource closest to CW in the frequency domain, the number of MSG3 resources in the frequency domain, and the interval between the start or end frequency domain positions of adjacent frequency domain resources.

[0416] Table 8

[0417] The frequency domain resource location of MSG3 is obtained as follows: f = BLF + n f *Δf

[0418] Where f represents the frequency domain offset of each MSG3 resource relative to the CW, and n f =0,1,…,(Y-1). In this method, Δf can include the frequency domain offset caused by SFO / CFO. When Y is greater than 1, the terminal device can obtain multiple MSG3 frequency domain resources through one index.

[0419] For example, frequency domain resources or time domain resources can be obtained using the same index, as shown in Table 9 below. An index indicates the time offset of the first MSG3 resource relative to the second random access message, the number of MSG3 resources in the time domain, the length of each MSG3 time domain resource, and the set of line code repetition numbers. The location of the MSG3 time domain resource can be obtained using an index including the time offset of the first MSG3 resource relative to the second random access message, the number of MSG3 resources in the time domain, and the length of each MSG3 time domain resource. The location of the MSG3 frequency domain resource can be obtained using the set of line code repetition numbers. A terminal device can obtain the time domain and frequency domain resources of multiple MSG3s using a single index.

[0420] Table 9

[0421] The above is an example of using a random access second message to indicate a second parameter, thereby enabling the terminal device to determine a second resource set based on the second parameter. It should be understood that, besides the above example, there may be other ways to determine a second resource set based on the second parameter, and these embodiments are not exhaustively described here.

[0422] It should be noted that the time units for time offset and length can be referenced to the subcarrier spacing of the second random access message. If the SCS of MSG3 and the second random access message are different, the time domain position can be converted according to the ratio of their subcarrier spacings.

[0423] It should be noted that, for the contention-based random access method, the terminal device selects one resource from the second resource set determined above to send MSG 3.

[0424] In another possible implementation, the reader can indicate multiple second parameters; that is, the random access second message can indicate multiple second resource sets, each of which can contain multiple resources. These multiple second resource sets can be time-division or frequency-division. Each resource set corresponds to a certain number of repetitions of a random access third message, a random access type, different terminal devices, or different groups of terminal devices. In this way, collisions between terminal devices can be reduced.

[0425] Similar to the description above, the second random access message can indicate multiple indices, with each index corresponding to a set of MSG3 resources. The second random access message can indicate the corresponding index for different repetition counts, random access types, different terminal devices, or groups of terminal devices.

[0426] The random access second message can also indicate to the terminal device the resources in the second resource set for the terminal device to send MSG3.

[0427] In one possible implementation, the time offset of the starting position of the MSG3 resource set (the first MSG3 resource starting position) relative to the random access second message must at least include the processing time of the random access second message and / or the time domain length of the random access second message resource, i.e., greater than or equal to the processing time of the random access second message and / or the time domain length of the random access second message resource. For example, the time offset of the starting position of the MSG3 resource set relative to the random access second message can be greater than or equal to the processing time of the random access second message, or the time offset of the starting position of the MSG3 resource set relative to the random access second message can be greater than or equal to the sum of the processing time of the random access second message and the time domain length of the random access second message resource.

[0428] In another possible implementation, the reader and / or terminal device determine the valid MSG3 resource based on the processing time of the random access second message, TR2D_min, and / or the time-domain length of the random access second message resource. In this approach, the time offset of the start position of the MSG3 resource set (the start position of the first MSG3 resource) relative to the random access second message can be less than / equal to / greater than the processing time of the random access second message and / or the time-domain length of the random access second message resource. However, only MSG3 resources with a time offset equal to / greater than the processing time of the random access second message and / or the time-domain length of the random access second message resource are valid MSG3 resources. The terminal device can send MSG3s on valid MSG3 resources, and correspondingly, the reader receives MSG3s on valid MSG3 resources.

[0429] Specifically, the processing time of the second random access message is greater than or equal to TR2D_min (TR2D_min represents the shortest time between an R2D transmission and a subsequent corresponding D2R transmission). In other words, the time offset between the start time unit of the MSG3 resource and the end time unit of the second random access message resource is greater than or equal to TR2D_min. The value of TR2D_min can be the same or different for different terminals.

[0430] In one possible implementation, the resources of the second resource set are also related to TR2D_max (TR2D_max represents the maximum time between an R2D transmission and a subsequent corresponding D2R transmission). For example, the number of resources in the second resource set, the resource length, the time position of the last resource, or the time position (start time position and / or end time position) of the second resource set are related to TR2D_max. The resources of the second resource set (the start time position and / or end time position of the resources) should be within the time range determined by TR2D_max, that is, the resources of the second resource set do not exceed the time range determined by TR2D_max.

[0431] In another possible implementation, the reader and / or terminal device determines the valid MSG3 resources based on TR2D_max. In this approach, the set of MSG3 resources (the start and / or end times of the resources) may or may not exceed the time range defined by TR2D_max. However, only resources in the MSG3 resource set whose start and / or end times do not exceed the time range defined by TR2D_max are considered valid MSG3 resources. The terminal device can send MSG3s on valid MSG3 resources, and correspondingly, the reader receives MSG3s on valid MSG3 resources. TR2D_max can be predefined by the protocol or indicated by the reader / terminal device; for example, the first paging message can also indicate TR2D_max.

[0432] In the above description, the names of the MSG3 resource set, the second resource set, and the resource set for random access to the third message can be used interchangeably.

[0433] It should be understood that the above-mentioned optional solutions can also form independent embodiments, and other steps can be optional steps. The embodiments of this application are not limited, but are uniformly described here.

[0434] The above mainly describes the solutions provided by the embodiments of this application from the perspective of the interaction between the reader / writer and the terminal device. Correspondingly, the embodiments of this application also provide a communication device for implementing the various methods described above. This communication device can be the reader / writer in the above method embodiments, or a device containing the reader / writer, or a component usable in the reader / writer; or, this communication device can be the terminal device in the above method embodiments, or a device containing the terminal device, or a component usable in the terminal device. It is understood that, in order to achieve the above functions, the communication device includes hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to the execution of each function. Those skilled in the art should readily recognize that, based on the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein, this application can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed by hardware or by computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0435] For example, Figure 26 is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application, wherein the communication device includes a transceiver module 2610 and a processing module 2620. The transceiver module 2610, also known as a transceiver unit, is used to implement the transceiver function, and may be a transceiver circuit, transceiver, transceiver device, or communication interface.

[0436] Taking the communication device as an example, which is the reader / writer in the above method embodiment (which may be the reader / writer chip, the reader / writer module, or an internal device of the reader / writer):

[0437] In this embodiment of the application, the processing module 2620 is used to determine the first paging message.

[0438] In this embodiment of the application, the transceiver module 2610 is used to send a first paging message.

[0439] In this embodiment of the application, the first paging message indicates at least one first parameter, the first parameter being associated with a first resource set, the first resource set being used by the terminal device to send a random access first message, and the first resource set including at least one of the following: at least one frequency domain resource, or at least one time domain resource.

[0440] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the configuration of the first resource set includes one or more of the following: the starting position of the first resource set relative to the time domain offset of the first paging message, the number of time domain resources in the first resource set, the size of a time domain resource in the first resource set, the time domain offset between adjacent time domain resources in the first resource set, at least one repetition number corresponding to the random access first message, the starting position of the time domain resource in the first resource set corresponding to the at least one repetition number, the number of frequency domain resources in the first resource set, the size of a frequency domain resource in the first resource set, the frequency domain offset between adjacent frequency domain resources in the first resource set, at least one line code repetition number, or at least one BLF.

[0441] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the configuration of the at least one first resource set is predefined.

[0442] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the first paging message further indicates the message type of the random access first message. Different types of random access first messages carry different contents. The contents carried by the random access first message include: carrying a random identifier ID, carrying a random ID and energy status information, or carrying higher layer information.

[0443] In one possible implementation of this application, the random ID is related to at least one of the following factors: the location of the time-domain resource carrying the random access first message, the location of the frequency-domain resource carrying the random access first message, the size of the time-domain resource carrying the random access first message, the size of the frequency-domain resource carrying the random access first message, the number of time-domain resources in the at least one first resource set, the number of frequency-domain resources in the at least one first resource set, the number of repetitions of the random access first message, the number of line code repetitions, the value, number, or index of BLF, the reader ID, the Q value, or the AS ID.

[0444] In one possible implementation of this application, the random ID is calculated using at least one of the factors.

[0445] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the random ID is obtained by a random number generator, or the random ID is obtained by a pseudo-random number generator.

[0446] In one possible implementation of this application, the range of the random ID is predefined.

[0447] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the transceiver module 2610 is further configured to send first indication information to the terminal device, wherein the first indication information is used to indicate the range of the random ID.

[0448] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the transceiver module 2610 is further configured to send a second paging message, the second paging message instructing the terminal device to retransmit the random access first message.

[0449] In one possible implementation of this application, the time-domain starting position of the retransmitted random access first message is determined based on the time-domain offset of the starting position of the first resource set relative to the second paging message.

[0450] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the second paging message includes the number of retransmissions.

[0451] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the transceiver module 2610 is further configured to receive second indication information from the terminal device, the second indication information being used to instruct the reader / writer to adjust the number of retransmissions;

[0452] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the processing module 2620 is further configured to adjust the number of retransmissions according to the second instruction information.

[0453] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the transceiver module 2610 is further configured to receive third indication information from the terminal device, the third indication information being used to indicate the number of retransmissions of the random access first message of the terminal device.

[0454] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the transceiver module 2610 is further configured to send a random access second message to the terminal device;

[0455] The transceiver module 2610 is also used to receive the first random access message retransmitted from the terminal device.

[0456] In one possible implementation of this application, the time-domain starting position of the retransmitted random access first message is determined based on the starting position of the first resource set relative to the time-domain resource position carrying the random access second message.

[0457] In one possible implementation of this application, the first paging message further indicates the maximum number of retransmissions of the random access first message.

[0458] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the maximum number of retransmissions is related to at least one of the following: the type of the terminal device, or the number of terminal devices in the AIoT system.

[0459] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the resource location of the random access second message corresponding to the terminal device is predefined.

[0460] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the first paging message further indicates the resource location of the random access second message corresponding to the terminal device.

[0461] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the transceiver module 2610 is further configured to send a retransmission of a random access second message to the terminal device according to a time-domain offset relative to a first reference point, wherein the first reference point is the time-domain position of a random access third message, or the first reference point is the time-domain position of a second paging message.

[0462] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the first paging message further indicates the time domain offset, or the second paging message further indicates the time domain offset.

[0463] In one possible implementation of this application, the resource location for random access second message retransmission of the terminal device is predefined.

[0464] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the first paging message further indicates the resource location for the terminal device to randomly access the second message retransmission, or the second paging message further indicates the resource location for the terminal device to randomly access the second message retransmission.

[0465] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the configuration of the first resource set is associated with the configuration of the second resource set for random access to the third message.

[0466] In one possible implementation of this application, the second random access message further indicates the time-domain resource size of the third random access message, and / or the frequency-domain resource size of the third random access message.

[0467] In one possible implementation of this application, the random access second message further includes at least one second parameter, which is associated with a second resource set, and the second resource set is used by the terminal device to send a random access third message.

[0468] Optionally, the communication device may further include a storage module 2630, which can be used to store instructions and / or data, and the processing module 2620 can read the instructions and / or data in the storage module 2630.

[0469] In this embodiment, the reader / writer is presented as an integrated unit divided into functional modules. Here, "module" can refer to a specific ASIC, circuitry, a processor and memory executing one or more software or firmware programs, integrated logic circuitry, and / or other devices that can provide the aforementioned functions. In a simplified embodiment, those skilled in the art will recognize that the communication device can take the form of the communication device 2100 shown in FIG. 21.

[0470] For example, the processor 2101 in the communication device 2100 shown in FIG21 can call the computer execution instructions stored in the memory 2103 to make the communication device 2100 execute the communication method in the above method embodiment.

[0471] Specifically, the functions / implementation processes of the transceiver module 2610 and processing module 2620 in Figure 26 can be implemented by the processor 2101 in the communication device 2100 shown in Figure 21 calling computer execution instructions stored in the memory 2103. Alternatively, the functions / implementation processes of the processing module 2620 in Figure 26 can be implemented by the processor 2101 in the communication device 2100 shown in Figure 21 calling computer execution instructions stored in the memory 2103, and the functions / implementation processes of the transceiver module 2610 in Figure 26 can be implemented by the communication interface 2104 in the communication device 2100 shown in Figure 21.

[0472] Taking the communication device as an example, which is the terminal device in the above method embodiment (which may be a chip of the terminal device, a module of the terminal device, or an internal device of the terminal device):

[0473] In this embodiment of the application, the transceiver module 2610 is used to receive a first paging message from the reader / writer.

[0474] In this embodiment of the application, the processing module 2620 is used to send a random access first message according to at least one first parameter.

[0475] In this embodiment of the application, the first paging message indicates at least one first parameter, the first parameter being associated with a first resource set, the first resource set being used by the communication device to send a random access first message, and the first resource set including at least one of the following: at least one frequency domain resource, or at least one time domain resource.

[0476] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the configuration of the first resource set includes one or more of the following: the starting position of the first resource set relative to the time domain offset of the first paging message, the number of time domain resources in the first resource set, the size of a time domain resource in the first resource set, the time domain offset between adjacent time domain resources in the first resource set, the symbol-level interval of the time domain resources in the first resource set, the time slot-level interval of the time domain resources in the first resource set, at least one repetition number corresponding to the random access first message, the starting position of the time domain resources in the first resource set corresponding to the at least one repetition number, the number of frequency domain resources in the first resource set, the size of a frequency domain resource in the first resource set, the frequency domain offset between adjacent frequency domain resources in the first resource set, at least one line code repetition number, or at least one BLF.

[0477] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the configuration of the at least one first resource set is predefined.

[0478] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the first paging message further indicates the message type of the random access first message. Different types of random access first messages carry different contents. The contents carried by the random access first message include: carrying a random identifier ID, carrying a random ID and energy status information, or carrying higher layer information.

[0479] In one possible implementation of this application, the random ID is related to at least one of the following factors: the location of the time-domain resource carrying the random access first message, the location of the frequency-domain resource carrying the random access first message, the size of the time-domain resource carrying the random access first message, the size of the frequency-domain resource carrying the random access first message, the number of time-domain resources in the at least one first resource set, the number of frequency-domain resources in the at least one first resource set, the number of repetitions of the random access first message, the number of line code repetitions, the value, number, or index of BLF, the reader ID, the Q value, or the AS ID.

[0480] In one possible implementation of this application, the random ID is calculated using at least one of the factors.

[0481] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the random ID is obtained by a random number generator, or the random ID is obtained by a pseudo-random number generator.

[0482] In one possible implementation of this application, the range of the random ID is predefined.

[0483] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the transceiver module 2610 is further configured to receive first indication information from the reader / writer, the first indication information being used to indicate the range of the random ID;

[0484] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the processing module 2620 is further configured to generate a random ID based on the range of the random ID.

[0485] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the transceiver module 2610 is further configured to receive a second paging message from the reader / writer, the second paging message instructing the terminal device to retransmit the random access first message;

[0486] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the processing module 2620 is further configured to retransmit the random access first message according to the first paging message and / or the second paging message.

[0487] In one possible implementation of this application, the time-domain starting position of the retransmitted random access first message is determined based on the time-domain offset of the starting position of the first resource set relative to the second paging message.

[0488] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the second paging message includes the number of retransmissions.

[0489] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the transceiver module 2610 is further configured to send a second indication information to the reader / writer, the second indication information being used to instruct the reader / writer to adjust the number of retransmissions.

[0490] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the transceiver module 2610 is further configured to send third indication information to the reader / writer, the third indication information being used to indicate the number of retransmissions of the random access first message of the terminal device.

[0491] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the transceiver module 2610 is further configured to receive a random access second message from the reader / writer;

[0492] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the transceiver module 2610 is further configured to send a retransmission random access first message to the reader / writer.

[0493] In one possible implementation of this application, the time-domain starting position of the retransmitted random access first message is determined based on the starting position of the first resource set relative to the time-domain resource position carrying the random access second message.

[0494] In one possible implementation of this application, the first paging message further indicates the maximum number of retransmissions of the random access first message.

[0495] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the maximum number of retransmissions is related to at least one of the following: the type of the terminal device, or the number of terminal devices in the AIoT system.

[0496] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the resource location of the random access second message corresponding to the terminal device is predefined.

[0497] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the first paging message further indicates the resource location of the random access second message corresponding to the terminal device.

[0498] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the transceiver module 2610 is further configured to receive a retransmission of a random access second message from the reader based on a time-domain offset relative to a first reference point, wherein the first reference point is the time-domain position of the random access third message, or the first reference point is the time-domain position of the second paging message.

[0499] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the first paging message further indicates the time domain offset, or the second paging message further indicates the time domain offset.

[0500] In one possible implementation of this application, the resource location for random access second message retransmission of the communication device is predefined.

[0501] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the first paging message further indicates the resource location for the terminal device to randomly access the second message retransmission, or the second paging message further indicates the resource location for the terminal device to randomly access the second message retransmission.

[0502] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the configuration of the first resource set is associated with the configuration of the second resource set for random access to the third message.

[0503] In one possible implementation of this application, the second random access message further indicates the time-domain resource size of the third random access message, and / or the frequency-domain resource size of the third random access message.

[0504] In one possible implementation of this application, the random access second message further includes at least one second parameter, which is associated with a second resource set, and the second resource set is used by the communication device to send a random access third message.

[0505] Optionally, the communication device may further include a storage module 2630, which can be used to store instructions and / or data, and the processing module 2620 can read the instructions and / or data in the storage module 2630.

[0506] In this embodiment, the terminal device is presented in an integrated manner, divided into various functional modules. Here, "module" can refer to a specific ASIC, circuitry, a processor and memory executing one or more software or firmware programs, integrated logic circuitry, and / or other devices that can provide the aforementioned functions. In a simplified embodiment, those skilled in the art will recognize that the communication device can take the form of the communication device 2100 shown in FIG. 21.

[0507] For example, the processor 2101 in the communication device 2100 shown in FIG21 can call the computer execution instructions stored in the memory 2103 to make the communication device 2100 execute the communication method in the above method embodiment.

[0508] Specifically, the functions / implementation processes of the transceiver module 2610 and processing module 2620 in Figure 26 can be implemented by the processor 2101 in the communication device 2100 shown in Figure 21 calling computer execution instructions stored in the memory 2103. Alternatively, the functions / implementation processes of the processing module 2620 in Figure 26 can be implemented by the processor 2101 in the communication device 2100 shown in Figure 21 calling computer execution instructions stored in the memory 2103, and the functions / implementation processes of the transceiver module 2610 in Figure 26 can be implemented by the communication interface 2104 in the communication device 2100 shown in Figure 21.

[0509] It should be understood that one or more of the above modules or units can be implemented by software, hardware, or a combination of both. When any of the above modules or units are implemented by software, the software exists as computer program instructions and is stored in memory. The processor can be used to execute the program instructions and implement the above method flow. The processor can be built into a SoC (System-on-a-Chip) or ASIC, or it can be a separate semiconductor chip. In addition to the core that executes software instructions for computation or processing, the processor may further include necessary hardware accelerators, such as field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), PLDs (Programmable Logic Devices), or logic circuits that implement dedicated logic operations.

[0510] When the above modules or units are implemented in hardware, the hardware can be any one or any combination of a CPU, microprocessor, digital signal processing (DSP) chip, microcontroller unit (MCU), artificial intelligence processor, ASIC, SoC, FPGA, PLD, application-specific digital circuit, hardware accelerator, or non-integrated discrete device, which can run the necessary software or perform the above method flow independently of software.

[0511] Optionally, embodiments of this application also provide a communication device (e.g., the communication device may be a chip or a chip system), which includes a processor for implementing the methods in any of the above method embodiments. In one possible design, the communication device further includes a memory. The memory is used to store necessary program instructions and data, and the processor can call the program code stored in the memory to instruct the communication device to execute the methods in any of the above method embodiments. Of course, the memory may not be included in the communication device. When the communication device is a chip system, it may be composed of chips or may include chips and other discrete devices; embodiments of this application do not specifically limit this.

[0512] Optionally, embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program or instructions that, when run on a communication device, enable the communication device to execute the methods described in any of the above method embodiments or any implementation thereof.

[0513] Optionally, embodiments of this application also provide a communication system, which includes the communication device described in the above method embodiments.

[0514] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved, in whole or in part, through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software programs, implementation can be, in whole or in part, in the form of a computer program product. This computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the flow or function according to the embodiments of this application is generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible to a computer or a data storage device containing one or more servers, data centers, etc., that can be integrated with the medium. The available media can be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (e.g., DVDs), or semiconductor media (e.g., solid-state disks, SSDs).

[0515] Although this application has been described herein in conjunction with various embodiments, those skilled in the art, by reviewing the accompanying drawings, the disclosure, and the appended claims, will understand and implement other variations of the disclosed embodiments in carrying out the claimed application. In the claims, the word "comprising" does not exclude other components or steps, and "a" or "an" does not exclude multiple instances. A single processor or other unit can implement several functions listed in the claims. While different dependent claims may recite certain measures, this does not mean that these measures cannot be combined to produce good results.

[0516] Although this application has been described in conjunction with specific features and embodiments, it is obvious that various modifications and combinations can be made thereto without departing from the scope of this application. Accordingly, this specification and drawings are merely illustrative descriptions of the application as defined by the appended claims, and are considered to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations, or equivalents within the scope of this application. Clearly, those skilled in the art can make various alterations and modifications to this application without departing from its scope. Thus, if such modifications and modifications fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, this application is also intended to include such modifications and modifications.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, include: The reader sends a first paging message, which indicates at least one first parameter. The first parameter is associated with a first resource set, which is used by the terminal device to send a random access first message. The first resource set includes at least one of the following: at least one frequency domain resource, or at least one time domain resource.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The configuration of the first resource set includes one or more of the following: the starting position of the first resource set relative to the time domain offset of the first paging message, the number of time domain resources in the first resource set, the size of a time domain resource in the first resource set, the time domain offset between adjacent time domain resources in the first resource set, at least one number of repetitions corresponding to the random access first message, the starting position of the time domain resource corresponding to the at least one number of repetitions, the number of frequency domain resources in the first resource set, the size of a frequency domain resource in the first resource set, the frequency domain offset between adjacent frequency domain resources in the first resource set, at least one line code repetition number, or at least one BLF.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The configuration of the at least one first resource set is predefined.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The first paging message also indicates the message type of the random access first message. Different types of random access first messages carry different content, and the content carried by the random access first message includes: It can carry a random identifier (ID), a random ID and energy status information, or high-level information.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The random ID is associated with at least one of the following factors: The location of the time-domain resource carrying the first random access message, the location of the frequency-domain resource carrying the first random access message, the size of the time-domain resource carrying the first random access message, the size of the frequency-domain resource carrying the first random access message, the number of time-domain resources in the at least one first resource set, the number of frequency-domain resources in the at least one first resource set, the number of repetitions of the first random access message, the number of line code repetitions, the value, number, or index of BLF, the reader ID, the Q value, or the ASID.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The random ID is calculated using at least one of the factors.

7. The method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The random ID is obtained through a random number generator, or the random ID is obtained through a pseudo-random number generator.

8. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that, The range of the random IDs is predefined.

9. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that, The method further includes: The reader sends a first indication message to the terminal device, the first indication message being used to indicate the range of the random ID.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The method further includes: The reader sends a second paging message, which instructs the terminal device to retransmit the first random access message.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The time-domain starting position of the retransmitted random access first message is determined based on the time-domain offset of the starting position of the first resource set relative to the second paging message.

12. The method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that, The second paging message includes the number of retransmissions.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The method further includes: The reader receives a second indication information from the terminal device, the second indication information being used to instruct the reader to adjust the number of retransmissions; The reader adjusts the number of retransmissions according to the second instruction information.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The method further includes: The reader receives third indication information from the terminal device, the third indication information being used to indicate the number of times the random access first message of the terminal device will be retransmitted.

15. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The method further includes: The reader sends a second random access message to the terminal device; The reader receives a first random access message retransmitted from the terminal device.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that, The time-domain starting position of the retransmitted random access first message is determined based on the starting position of the first resource set relative to the time-domain resource position carrying the random access second message.

17. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that, The first paging message also indicates the maximum number of retransmissions for the random access first message.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that, The maximum number of retransmissions is related to at least one of the following: the type of the terminal device, or the number of terminal devices in the AIoT system.

19. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that, The resource location of the random access second message corresponding to the terminal device is predefined.

20. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that, The first paging message also indicates the resource location of the random access second message corresponding to the terminal device.

21. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 20, characterized in that, The method further includes: The reader sends a retransmission of the random access second message to the terminal device based on the time domain offset relative to the first reference point, where the first reference point is the time domain position of the random access third message, or the first reference point is the time domain position of the second paging message.

22. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that, The first paging message further indicates the time domain offset, or the second paging message further indicates the time domain offset.

23. The method according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that, The resource location for the random access second message retransmission of the terminal device is predefined.

24. The method according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that, The first paging message further indicates the resource location for the terminal device to randomly access the second message retransmission, or the second paging message further indicates the resource location for the terminal device to randomly access the second message retransmission.

25. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that, The configuration of the first resource set is associated with the configuration of the second resource set for random access to the third message.

26. The method according to claim 25, characterized in that, The second random access message also indicates the time-domain resource size of the third random access message, and / or the frequency-domain resource size of the third random access message.

27. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that, The second random access message further includes at least one second parameter, which is associated with a second resource set, which is used by the terminal device to send the third random access message.

28. A communication method, characterized in that, include: The terminal device receives a first paging message from the reader / writer. The first paging message indicates at least one first parameter, which is associated with a first resource set. The first resource set is used by the terminal device to send a random access first message. The first resource set includes at least one of the following: at least one frequency domain resource, or at least one time domain resource. The terminal device sends the random access first message according to the at least one first parameter.

29. The method according to claim 28, characterized in that, The configuration of the first resource set includes one or more of the following: the time domain offset of the starting position of the first resource set relative to the first paging message, the number of time domain resources in the first resource set, the size of a time domain resource in the first resource set, the time domain offset between adjacent time domain resources in the first resource set, at least one repetition number corresponding to the random access first message, the starting position of the time domain resource corresponding to the at least one repetition number, the number of frequency domain resources in the first resource set, the size of a frequency domain resource in the first resource set, the frequency domain offset between adjacent frequency domain resources in the first resource set, at least one line code repetition number, or at least one BLF.

30. The method according to claim 28 or 29, characterized in that, The configuration of the at least one first resource set is predefined.

31. The method according to any one of claims 28 to 30, characterized in that, The first paging message also indicates the message type of the random access first message. Different types of random access first messages carry different content, and the content carried by the random access first message includes: It can carry a random identifier (ID), a random ID and energy status information, or high-level information.

32. The method according to claim 31, characterized in that, The random ID is associated with at least one of the following factors: The location of the time-domain resource carrying the first random access message, the location of the frequency-domain resource carrying the first random access message, the size of the time-domain resource carrying the first random access message, the size of the frequency-domain resource carrying the first random access message, the number of time-domain resources in the at least one first resource set, the number of frequency-domain resources in the at least one first resource set, the number of repetitions of the first random access message, the number of line code repetitions, the value, number, or index of BLF, the reader ID, the Q value, or the ASID.

33. The method according to claim 32, characterized in that, The random ID is calculated using at least one of the factors.

34. The method according to claim 31 or 32, characterized in that, The random ID is obtained through a random number generator, or the random ID is obtained through a pseudo-random number generator.

35. The method according to any one of claims 31 to 34, characterized in that, The range of the random IDs is predefined.

36. The method according to any one of claims 32 to 35, characterized in that, The method further includes: The terminal device receives first indication information from the reader / writer, the first indication information being used to indicate the range of the random ID; The terminal device generates a random ID based on the range of the random ID.

37. The method according to any one of claims 28 to 36, characterized in that, The method further includes: The terminal device receives a second paging message from the reader / writer, the second paging message instructing the terminal device to retransmit the random access first message; The terminal device retransmits the random access first message according to the first paging message and / or the second paging message.

38. The method according to claim 37, characterized in that, The time-domain starting position of the retransmitted random access first message is determined based on the time-domain offset of the starting position of the first resource set relative to the second paging message.

39. The method according to claim 37 or 38, characterized in that, The second paging message includes the number of retransmissions.

40. The method according to claim 39, characterized in that, The method further includes: The terminal device sends a second instruction message to the reader / writer, the second instruction message being used to instruct the reader / writer to adjust the number of retransmissions.

41. The method according to claim 39, characterized in that, The method further includes: The terminal device sends a third indication information to the reader / writer, the third indication information being used to indicate the number of times the random access first message of the terminal device will be retransmitted.

42. The method according to any one of claims 28 to 36, characterized in that, The method further includes: The terminal device receives a second random access message from the reader / writer; The terminal device sends a retransmission random access first message to the reader / writer.

43. The method according to claim 42, characterized in that, The time-domain starting position of the retransmitted random access first message is determined based on the starting position of the first resource set relative to the time-domain resource position carrying the random access second message.

44. The method according to any one of claims 28 to 43, characterized in that, The first paging message also indicates the maximum number of retransmissions for the random access first message.

45. The method according to claim 44, characterized in that, The maximum number of retransmissions is related to at least one of the following: the type of the terminal device, or the number of terminal devices in the AIoT system.

46. ​​The method according to any one of claims 28 to 45, characterized in that, The resource location of the random access second message corresponding to the terminal device is predefined.

47. The method according to any one of claims 28 to 45, characterized in that, The first paging message also indicates the resource location of the random access second message corresponding to the terminal device.

48. The method according to any one of claims 38 to 47, characterized in that, The method further includes: The terminal device receives a retransmission of the random access second message based on a time-domain offset relative to a first reference point, where the first reference point is the time-domain position of the random access third message, or the first reference point is the time-domain position of the second paging message.

49. The method according to claim 48, characterized in that, The first paging message further indicates the time domain offset, or the second paging message further indicates the time domain offset.

50. The method according to claim 48 or 49, characterized in that, The resource location for the random access second message retransmission of the terminal device is predefined.

51. The method according to claim 48 or 49, characterized in that, The first paging message further indicates the resource location for the terminal device to randomly access the second message retransmission, or the second paging message further indicates the resource location for the terminal device to randomly access the second message retransmission.

52. The method according to any one of claims 28 to 51, characterized in that, The configuration of the first resource set is associated with the configuration of the second resource set for random access to the third message.

53. The method according to claim 52, characterized in that, The second random access message also indicates the time-domain resource size of the third random access message, and / or the frequency-domain resource size of the third random access message.

54. The method according to any one of claims 28 to 53, characterized in that, The second random access message further includes at least one second parameter, which is associated with a second resource set, which is used by the terminal device to send the third random access message.

55. A communication device, characterized in that, The communication device includes a module for performing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 27, or the communication device includes a module for performing the method according to any one of claims 28 to 54.

56. A communication device, characterized in that, The communication device includes a processor; the processor is configured to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 27, or to cause the communication device to perform the method according to any one of claims 28 to 54.

57. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium includes instructions that, when executed, cause the method according to any one of claims 1 to 27 to be implemented, or cause the method according to any one of claims 28 to 54 to be implemented.

58. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes instructions that, when executed, cause the method according to any one of claims 1 to 27 to be implemented, or cause the method according to any one of claims 28 to 54 to be implemented.

59. A communication system, characterized in that, The communication system includes the communication device as described in claims 55 and 56.

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