Reference signal monitoring in subband non-overlapping full duplex
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-07
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-13
Smart Images

Figure CN2025076367_13082026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
REFERENCE SIGNAL MONITORING IN SUBBAND NON-OVERLAPPING FULL DUPLEXFIELD
[0001] Various example embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to the field of telecommunication and in particular, to apparatuses, methods and computer readable storage medium for reference signal (RS) monitoring in subband non-overlapping full duplex (SBFD) .BACKGROUND
[0002] In wireless communications, SBFD is a mode of operation in unpaired spectrum where separate sets of resource blocks (RBs) within a Time Division Duplex (TDD) carrier are used for uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) transmission simultaneously in non-overlapping resources. The intention is to allow more UL transmission opportunities compared to the typical DL-heavy TDD configurations used in TDD deployments. This brings benefits in terms of UL coverage and UL latency especially in wide area macro networks where many UEs are in power-limited conditions in the UL direction.SUMMARY
[0003] In a first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a first apparatus. The first apparatus comprises at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first apparatus at least to: receive, from a second apparatus, a first configuration related to a time location of SBFD resources; receive, from the second apparatus, a second configuration of RS resources, where a part of the RS resources overlaps with SBFD time resources and another part of the RS resources overlaps with non-SBFD time resources; select, for radio link monitoring (RLM) or beam failure detection (BFD) , or candidate beam detection (CBD) , one or both of two types of time resources, where the two types of time resources include the SBFD time resources and the non-SBFD time resources; and perform the RLM, BFD, or CBD based on the selected one or both of the two types of time resources.
[0004] In a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a second apparatus. The second apparatus comprises at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second apparatus at least to: transmit, to a first apparatus, a first configuration related to a time location of SBFD resources; transmit, to the first apparatus, a second configuration of RS resources, where a part of the RS resources overlaps with SBFD time resources and another part of the RS resources overlaps with non-SBFD time resources; and transmit, to the first apparatus, at least one indication related to a selection of one or both of two types of time resources, for RLM or BFD or CBD, where the two types of time resources includes the SBFD time resources and the non-SBFD time resources.
[0005] In a third aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method at a first apparatus. The method comprises: receiving, from a second apparatus, a first configuration related to a time location of SBFD resources; receiving, from the second apparatus, a second configuration of RS resources, where a part of the RS resources overlaps with SBFD time resources and another part of the RS resources overlaps with non-SBFD time resources; selecting, for RLM or BFD or CBD, one or both of two types of time resources, where the two types of time resources include the SBFD time resources and the non-SBFD time resources; and performing the RLM, BFD, or CBD based on the selected one or both of the two types of time resources.
[0006] In a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method at a second apparatus. The method comprises: transmitting, to a first apparatus, a first configuration related to a time location of SBFD resources; transmitting, to the first apparatus, a second configuration of RS resources, where a part of the RS resources overlaps with SBFD time resources and another part of the RS resources overlaps with non-SBFD time resources; and transmitting, to the first apparatus, at least one indication related to a selection of one or both of two types of time resources, for RLM or BFD or CBD, where the two types of time resources includes the SBFD time resources and the non-SBFD time resources.
[0007] In a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a first apparatus. The first apparatus comprises means for receiving, from a second apparatus, a first configuration related to a time location of SBFD resources; means for receiving, from the second apparatus, a second configuration of RS resources, where a part of the RS resources overlaps with SBFD time resources and another part of the RS resources overlaps with non-SBFD time resources; means for selecting, for RLM or BFD or CBD, one or both of two types of time resources, where the two types of time resources include the SBFD time resources and the non-SBFD time resources; and means for performing the RLM, BFD, or CBD based on the selected one or both of the two types of time resources.
[0008] In a sixth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a second apparatus. The second apparatus comprises means for transmitting, to a first apparatus, a first configuration related to a time location of SBFD resources; means for transmitting, to the first apparatus, a second configuration of RS resources, where a part of the RS resources overlaps with SBFD time resources and another part of the RS resources overlaps with non-SBFD time resources; and means for transmitting, to the first apparatus, at least one indication related to a selection of one or both of two types of time resources, for RLM or BFD or CBD, where the two types of time resources includes the SBFD time resources and the non-SBFD time resources.
[0009] In a seventh aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a computer readable medium. The computer readable medium comprises instructions stored thereon for causing an apparatus to perform at least the method according to the third or fourth aspect.
[0010] It is to be understood that the Summary section is not intended to identify key or essential features of embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become easily comprehensible through the following description.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0011] Some example embodiments will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, where:
[0012] FIG. 1 illustrates an example communication environment in which example embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented;
[0013] FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C illustrate a high-level comparison of SBFD (subband non overlapping full duplex, or flexible duplexing (FDU) ) versus traditional TDD or Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) operation;
[0014] FIGS. 3A and 3B illustrate example arrangements of UL and DL resources for SBFD operation;
[0015] FIG. 4A illustrates an example configuration of CSI-RS resources;
[0016] FIG. 4B illustrates an example of CSI-RS configuration overlapping with SBFD and non-SBFD symbols;
[0017] FIG. 5A illustrates a flowchart of an example signaling flow of RS monitoring in SBFD in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0018] FIG. 5B illustrates a flowchart of an example RLM procedure in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0019] FIGS. 6A and 6B illustrate flowcharts of example processes of selecting one symbol type in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0020] FIGS. 7A, 7B and 7C illustrate flowcharts of example processes of selecting both symbol types in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0021] FIG. 8 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a first apparatus in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0022] FIG. 9 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a second apparatus in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0023] FIG. 10 illustrates a simplified block diagram of a device that is suitable for implementing example embodiments of the present disclosure; and
[0024] FIG. 11 illustrates a block diagram of an example computer readable medium in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0025] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar element.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] Principles of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some example embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. Embodiments described herein can be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.
[0027] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0028] References in the present disclosure to “one embodiment, ” “an embodiment, ” “an example embodiment, ” and the like indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but it is not necessary that every embodiment includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
[0029] It shall be understood that although the terms “first, ” “second, ” …, etc. in front of noun (s) and the like may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another and they do not limit the order of the noun (s) . For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of example embodiments. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms.
[0030] As used herein, “at least one of the following: <a list of two or more elements>” and “at least one of <a list of two or more elements>” and similar wording, where the list of two or more elements are joined by “and” or “or” , mean at least any one of the elements, or at least any two or more of the elements, or at least all the elements.
[0031] As used herein, unless stated explicitly, performing a step “in response to A” does not indicate that the step is performed immediately after “A” occurs and one or more intervening steps may be included.
[0032] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a” , “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” , “comprising” , “has” , “having” , “includes” and / or “including” , when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, elements, and / or components etc., but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.
[0033] As used in this application, the term “circuitry” may refer to one or more or all of the following:
[0034] (a) hardware-only circuit implementations (such as implementations in only analog and / or digital circuitry) and
[0035] (b) combinations of hardware circuits and software, such as (as applicable) :
[0036] (i) a combination of analog and / or digital hardware circuit (s) with software / firmware and
[0037] (ii) any portions of hardware processor (s) with software (including digital signal processor (s) , software, and memory (ies) that work together to cause an apparatus, such as a mobile phone or server, to perform various functions) and
[0038] (c) hardware circuit (s) and or processor (s) , such as a microprocessor (s) or a portion of a microprocessor (s) , that requires software (e.g., firmware) for operation, but the software may not be present when it is not needed for operation.
[0039] This definition of circuitry applies to all uses of this term in this application, including in any claims. As a further example, as used in this application, the term circuitry also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor (or multiple processors) or portion of a hardware circuit or processor and its (or their) accompanying software and / or firmware. The term circuitry also covers, for example and if applicable to the particular claim element, a baseband integrated circuit or processor integrated circuit for a mobile device or a similar integrated circuit in server, a cellular network device, or other computing or network device.
[0040] As used herein, the term “communication network” refers to a network following any suitable communication standards, such as New Radio (NR) , Long Term Evolution (LTE) , LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) , Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) , High-Speed Packet Access (HSPA) , Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) and so on. Furthermore, the communications between a user device and a network device in the communication network may be performed according to any suitable generation communication protocols, including, but not limited to, the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , 2.5G, 2.75G, the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , 4.5G, the fifth generation (5G) , 5G-advanced, the sixth generation (6G) communication protocols, wireless local network communication protocols such as Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 and the like, and / or any other protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. Embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied in various communication systems. Moreover, the communication may utilize any proper wireless communication technology, comprising but not limited to: Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) , Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) , Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) , Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) , Time Division Duplex (TDD) , Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) , Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple (OFDM) , Discrete Fourier Transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) and / or any other technologies currently known or to be developed in the future. Given the rapid development in communications, there will of course also be future type communication technologies and systems with which the present disclosure may be embodied. It should not be seen as limiting the scope of the present disclosure to only the aforementioned system.
[0041] As used herein, the term “network device” refers to a node in a communication network via which a user device accesses the network and receives services therefrom. The network device may refer to a base station (BS) or an access point (AP) , for example, a node B (NodeB or NB) , an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , an NR NB (also referred to as a gNB) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , a radio head (RH) , a remote radio head (RRH) , a relay, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a low power node such as a femto, a pico, a non-terrestrial network (NTN) or non-ground network device such as a satellite network device, a low earth orbit (LEO) satellite and a geosynchronous earth orbit (GEO) satellite, an aircraft network device, and so forth, depending on the applied terminology and technology. In some example embodiments, radio access network (RAN) split architecture comprises a centralized unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU) at an IAB donor node. An IAB node comprises a mobile terminal (IAB-MT) part that behaves like a UE toward the parent node, and a DU part of an IAB node behaves like a base station toward the next-hop IAB node.
[0042] The term “user device” refers to any end device that may be capable of wireless communication. By way of example rather than limitation, a user device may also be referred to as user equipment (UE) , a subscriber station (SS) , a portable subscriber station, a mobile station (MS) , or an access terminal (AT) . The user device may include, but not limited to, a mobile phone, a cellular phone, a smart phone, voice over IP (VoIP) phones, wireless local loop phones, a tablet, a wearable user device, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , portable computers, desktop computer, image capture user devices such as digital cameras, gaming user devices, music storage and playback appliances, vehicle-mounted wireless user devices, wireless endpoints, mobile stations, laptop-embedded equipment (LEE) , laptop-mounted equipment (LME) , universal serial bus (USB) dongles, smart devices, wireless customer-premises equipment (CPE) , an internet of things (IoT) device, a watch or other wearable, a head-mounted display (HMD) , a vehicle, a drone, a medical device and applications (e.g., remote surgery) , an industrial device and applications (e.g., a robot and / or other wireless devices operating in an industrial and / or an automated processing chain contexts) , a consumer electronics device, a device operating on commercial and / or industrial wireless networks, and the like. The user device may also correspond to a mobile termination (MT) part of an IAB node (e.g., a relay node) . In the following description, the terms “user device” , “terminal device” , “terminal” , “user equipment” and “UE” may be used interchangeably.
[0043] As used herein, the term “resource, ” “transmission resource, ” “resource block, ” “physical resource block” (PRB) , “uplink resource, ” or “downlink resource” may refer to any resource for performing a communication, for example, a communication between a user device and a network device, such as a resource in time domain, a resource in frequency domain, a resource in space domain, a resource in code domain, or any other combination of the time, frequency, space and / or code domain resource enabling a communication, and the like. In the following, unless explicitly stated, a resource in both frequency domain and time domain will be used as an example of a transmission resource for describing some example embodiments of the present disclosure. It is noted that example embodiments of the present disclosure are equally applicable to other resources in other domains.
[0044] As used herein, the term “SBFD time resources” may refer to time resources where SBFD operation is enabled. The term “non-SBFD time resources” may refer to the time resources where SBFD operation is disabled and only unidirectional transmission is allowed. Examples of the time resources may comprise symbols, slots or any other time resources.
[0045] FIG. 1 illustrates an example communication environment 100 in which example embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented. As shown in FIG. 1, the communication environment 100 may comprise a first apparatus 110 which may operate as a user device such as a UE. The communication environment 100 may further comprise a second apparatus 120, which may operate as a network device such as a BS or a gNB. The second apparatus 120 may serve the first apparatus 110 in a coverage area, referred to as a cell 125 (also called a serving cell) .
[0046] It is to be understood that the number or type of apparatuses and their connections shown in FIG. 1 are only for the purpose of illustration without suggesting any limitation. The communication environment 100 may include any suitable number or type of apparatuses configured to implement some example embodiments.
[0047] In the following, for purpose of illustration, some example embodiments are described with the first apparatus 110 operating as a user device, e.g., a UE, and the second apparatus 120 operating as a network device. However, in some example embodiments, operations described in connection with a user device may be implemented at a network device or other devices, and operations described in connection with a network device may be implemented at a user device.
[0048] In some example embodiments, if the first apparatus 110 is a terminal device and the second apparatus 120 is a network device, a transmission direction from the second apparatus 120 to the first apparatus 110 is referred to as a downlink (DL) , while a transmission direction from the first apparatus 110 to the second apparatus 120 is referred to as an uplink (UL) . In DL, the second apparatus 120 is a transmitting (TX) device (or a transmitter) , and the first apparatus 110 is a receiving (RX) device (or a receiver) . In UL, the first apparatus 110 is a TX device, and the second apparatus 120 is an RX device. In some example embodiments, if both the first apparatus 110 and the second apparatus 120 are terminal devices, a transmission direction between the first apparatus 110 and the second apparatus 120 is referred to as a sidelink (SL) .
[0049] In the communication environment 100, SBFD may be enabled. A study on SBFD took place in Release 18 (Rel-18) , while the specification work started in Release 19 (Rel-19) and is ongoing as of today. SBFD is specified in Rel-19 as a mode of operation in unpaired spectrum where separate set of resource blocks (RBs) within a TDD carrier are used for UL and DL transmission simultaneously. As mentioned above, the intention is to allow more UL transmission opportunities compared to the typical DL-heavy TDD configurations used in TDD deployments which may bring benefits in terms of UL coverage and UL latency especially in wide area macro networks where many UEs are in power-limited conditions in the UL direction. A high-level comparison of SBFD versus traditional TDD or FDD operation is illustrated in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C. In FIG. 1C, FDU stands for flexible duplexing which is another term for SBFD operation.
[0050] Some principles on the SBFD operation are agreed. For example, simultaneous transmission and reception (on non-overlapping set of RBs) is assumed at the gNB side, while half-duplex operation is assumed the UE side. UE behavior for handling collision and priorities between UL and DL channels is studied. Within a TDD carrier, only one UL subband occurs, while one or at most two DL subbands occur. These are commonly referred as DU (or UD) or DUD operation, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, respectively. A SBFD subband is defined as 1 RB or more consecutive RBs which are used for the same transmission direction (either UL or DL) . During SBFD symbols, SBFD-aware UEs UL transmissions take place within a UL subband only, while DL receptions take place within DL subband (s) only. SBFD-aware UEs are used to refer to UEs supporting (at least some) SBFD-related features to be standardized in Rel-19. As a baseline, it is assumed that both time and frequency locations of subbands for SBFD operation are known to SBFD-aware UEs, while this information is not available for legacy (pre Rel-19) UEs. Legacy UEs are not aware of SBFD operation and thus behave in similar manner as in today’s TDD system. It is concluded in Rel-18 that non-SBFD aware UEs, including legacy UEs, and SBFD aware UEs can coexist in cells with SBFD operation at the gNB side.
[0051] FIGS. 3A and 3B illustrate example arrangements of UL and DL resources for both DU / UD (in FIG. 3A) and DUD (in FIG. 3B) SBFD operation. SBFD symbols (or slots) refer to those symbols (or slots) where both a UL and one or more DL subbands are simultaneously available, and non-SBFD symbols refer to (legacy) unidirectional symbols. Different time-domain sequences are specified by the third-generation partnership project (3GPP) standards, which may include e.g., DXXXU, XXXXX, or XXXXU where D, U, X refers to downlink, uplink and SBFD slots (1 slot corresponds to 14 OFDM symbols) , respectively. One or more RBs may be used as a guard band between the UL and DL subbands to facilitate rejection of cross-link interferences (CLIs) . Similarly, a guard time or period of one or more OFDM symbols may take place for the transition between different symbol / slot types including SBFD symbols / slots and non-SBFD symbols / slots.
[0052] In addition, radio link monitoring (RLM) may be allowed in the communication environment 100. In NR Release 15 (Rel-15) , RLM is based on RLM reference signals (RLM-RSs) , which are either a synchronization signal block (SSB) or a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) . Each UE is required to monitor up to NRLM resources -where NRLM is defined by Table 1 as below: Table 1: Maximum number of RLM-RS resources NRLM
[0053] The value LMAX is related to the maximum candidate SSBs per half frame the UE is expected to be able to evaluate, which is also related to the number of transmitted beams.
[0054] The UE may be constantly monitoring the RLM-RS for the purpose of RLM. The UE is configured with an in-sync (IS) threshold and an out-of-sync (OOS) threshold. The UE evaluates the RLM-RS within an IS evaluation period and an OOS evaluation period. If in an OOS evaluation period all the configured RLM-RS are below the OOS threshold, the UE sends an OOS indication to upper layers, and counts how many consecutive OOS indications are sent. If at least one RLM-RS is above the threshold within an IS evaluation period, the UE sends an IS indication to the upper layers, and counts how many consecutive IS indications are sent. After N310 consecutive OOS indications, the UE starts a timer T310, and continues evaluating RLM.
[0055] If the timer expires, the UE initiates radio resource control (RRC) connection re-establishment and stores relevant radio link failure information for reporting. Before the expiration of the timer, if the UE sends N311 consecutive IS indications, the UE restarts the timer T310, and continues evaluating RLM. The values of N310, N311 and T310 are specified in the 3GPP standards.
[0056] One example of how the RLM evaluation period is captured in the UE radio resource management (RRM) requirements in 3GPP TS 38.133 is given in Table 2 as below. In this table, Min equals to 10, and Mout equals to 20 samples. P is a scaling factor based on whether the CSI-RS is overlapping with an SSB measurement timing configuration (SMTC) or measurement gap where no measurement is performed, for example. TCSI-RS is the periodicity of the CSI-RS. Table 2: Evaluation period TEvaluate_out_CSI-RS and TEvaluate_in_CSI-RS for frequency range 1 (FR1)
[0057] In the requirements above, P is a factor that takes into account which CSI-RS occasions overlap with measurement gaps.
[0058] For CSI measurement and reporting resources, there are some agreements. For example, frequency resource allocation for CSI-RSs across DL subbands for SBFD-aware UEs may support one contiguous CSI-RS resource allocation with non-contiguous CSI-RS resource derived by excluding frequency resources outside DL usable PRBs. For a contiguous CSI-RS resource which overlaps with SBFD subband boundaries, only CSI-RS frequency resources within DL usable PRBs are valid for SBFD-aware UEs. There is no impact on CSI-RS sequence generation. CSI-RS sequence mapping may be applied to CSI-RS resources within DL usable PRBs only (effectively, this is same as the case when the CSI-RS sequence mapped to the RBs outside the DL usable PRBs are punctured) . The impact on CSI processing timeline in SBFD symbols to process the CSI-RS across the two DL subbands is for further study. For a CSI reporting subband which overlaps with at least one PRB within DL usable PRBs and one or more PRBs outside DL usable PRBs, the CSI reporting subband includes PRB (s) within DL usable PRBs only.
[0059] The above agreements mean that CSI-RS configuration follows the legacy way (for example, start and end RBs) , but only the CSI-RS resources in the DL subband are measured by the UE and used to derive the report. The CSI-RS resources in the UL subband and guardbands are assumed not to be present, i.e. “punctured” by the gNB. As shown in FIG. 4A, a UL subband 410 is punctured from configured CSI-RS resources 420.
[0060] In principle, for the same periodic CSI-RS resource configuration, some instances may take place during SBFD symbols (for which the “puncturing” of non-DL RBs is applied) while other instances may take place during non-SBFD symbols (for which no puncturing is needed) . For example, a CSI-RS can be configured with a certain periodicity, that on some occasions overlap with DL symbols, and in others overlap with SBFD symbols. This is captured as part of Option A of the following agreement regarding CSI-reporting for different symbol types.
[0061] In this agreement, for CSI report associated with periodic / semi-persistent CSI-RS, it is discussed and decided whether to support the following options. In Option A, for separate CSI reports on SBFD and non-SBFD, one CSI-ReportConfig is associated with CSI-RS (s) restricted to SBFD symbols only and the second CSI-ReportConfig is associated with CSI-RS (s) restricted to non-SBFD symbols only. gNB configuration may not ensure that the CSI-RS associated with each CSI-ReportConfig is confined to either SBFD symbols or non-SBFD symbols only. For the CSI-ReportConfig associated with CSI-RS (s) restricted to SBFD symbols only, only CSI-RS transmission occasions within SBFD symbols are used for CSI derivation. For the CSI-ReportConfig associated with CSI-RS (s) restricted to non-SBFD symbols only, only CSI-RS transmission occasions within non-SBFD symbols are used for CSI derivation. Option B is to enhance Rel-18 Network Energy Saving (NES) CSI reporting framework to support one CSI-ReportConfig with one sub-configuration associated with SBFD symbols and the other sub-configuration associated with non-SBFD symbols.
[0062] In addition, there is an agreement that a CSI report can be configured with a ‘valid symbol type’ (either SBFD symbol or non SBFD symbol) , and only the measurements on that symbol type are used to derive the corresponding CSI report. For example, for a CSI report associated with periodic / semi-persistent CSI-RS, the valid symbol type for CSI derivation for periodic / semi-persistent CSI-RS resources for the CSI report is explicitly configured. Only CSI-RS transmission occasions within the valid symbol types are used for CSI derivation. However, this agreement only applies to reporting of CSI information. The CSI report includes information such as a channel quality indication (CQI) , a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) , a rank indicator (RI) , and other quantities as specified in CSI-ReportConfig.
[0063] As described above, up to Rel-18, RLM is evaluated in DL symbols. In Rel-19, RLM-RS symbols can occur in different types of symbols (DL or SBFD symbols) , and the interference conditions in DL and SBFD symbols can be quite different due to the UE-to-UE CLI in SBFD symbols. FIG. 4B shows one example in which the configured CSI-RS transmission overlaps with DL and SBFD symbols. In SBFD symbols, the CSI-RS configuration may overlap with the UL subband. Accordingly, the UE will puncture those resources. However, there may be UL transmissions from neighbor UEs that can cause inter-subband interference, i.e. leakage to the DL subband in which the CSI-RS is being transmitted.
[0064] As noted earlier, the agreement that specifies that the UE will be explicitly configured with the resources for deriving the CSI report is not directly applicable to CSI-RS based RLM. If the UE can evaluate signals that are sent in different symbols, a UE may not be able to meet the RLM requirements, because the interference in SBFD symbols can be higher than in DL symbols. Apart from that, the CSI-RS in SBFD symbols will be punctured in the resources that overlap with the UL subband, resulting in less desired power for the UE evaluation. If the UE processes CSI-RS in only DL symbols or SBFD symbols, the RLM requirements need to be updated accordingly. The Rel-18 requirements such as the RLM evaluation period depend on the periodicity of the RSs that are CSI-RSs in this case. For UEs supporting SBFD, the requirements may need to take into account whether the reference signal overlaps with a certain kind of symbols.
[0065] Example embodiments propose a solution for RS monitoring in SBFD, which accounts for different types of time resources (for example, symbols, slots or other time resources) . With this solution, for RLM, or beam failure detection (BFD) , or candidate beam detection (CBD) , the first apparatus 110 (such as a UE) selects one or both of two types of time resources including SBFD time resources and non-SBFD time resources in case the RS resources overlap with both the SBFD time resources and the non-SBFD time resources. Then, the first apparatus 110 performs RLM, BFD or CBD based on the selected one or both of the two types of time resources including SBFD time resources and non-SBFD time resources.
[0066] This solution solves the problem of how to select the type of time resources (such as the type of symbols, also referred to as a symbol type) for RLM or BFD or CBD when the RS (such as the RLM-RS) overlaps with SBFD time resources. As a result, RS monitoring and further RLM, BFD or CBD may be performed in a more effective and efficient way while SBFD operation is enabled.
[0067] It is to be noted that although the issue originates from the RLM, the proposed solution herein may be applied in general for BFD or CBD. In the following, some example embodiments will be described in using an RLM process as an example while the example embodiments herein can be applied in general for the BFD or CBD process.
[0068] Reference is now made to FIG. 5A, which illustrates an example signaling flow 500A of RS monitoring in SBFD according to some example embodiments. The signaling flow 500A involves the first apparatus 110 which may be a UE, and the second apparatus 120 which may be a gNB.
[0069] As illustrated in FIG. 2, the second apparatus 120 transmits (502) to the first apparatus 110 a first configuration related to a time location of SBFD resources. Correspondingly, the first apparatus 110 receives (504) the first configuration from the second apparatus 120. In some example embodiments, the first configuration may be a configuration to indicate a time-domain pattern of the SBFD resources, such as a frame configuration to indicate a time-domain sequence of DL, UL and SBFD slots.
[0070] The second apparatus 120 transmits (506) , to the first apparatus 110, a second configuration of RS resources. A part of the RS resources overlaps with SBFD time resources, and another part of the RS resources overlaps with non-SBFD time resources. Correspondingly, the first apparatus 110 receives (508) the second configuration from the second apparatus 120. In some example embodiments, the RS resources may comprise RLM-RS resources.
[0071] For RLM, or BFD, or CBD, the first apparatus 110 selects (510) one or both of two types of time resources that include the SBFD time resources and the non-SBFD time resources. As will be detailed in the following paragraphs, in some example embodiments, one of the two types of time resources may be selected (510) by the first apparatus 110 based on some selection strategies. For example, one type of time resources may be predefined or hardcoded in the 3GPP standards, or selected based on the number of transmission occasions of the RS (also called RS occasions) that overlap with a given type, or configured by the second apparatus 120. In some other example embodiments, both of the two types of time resources may be selected (510) by the first apparatus 110.
[0072] Then, the first apparatus 110 performs (512) the RLM, BFD, or CBD based on the selected one or both of the two types of time resources. For example, if one of the two types of time resources is selected (510) , the first apparatus 110 may monitor the RS on the selected one of the two types of time resources. If both of the two types of time resources are selected (510) , the first apparatus 110 may monitor the RS separately or simultaneously on the two types of time resources.
[0073] An example RLM procedure 500B will be discussed below with reference to FIG. 5B. The RLM process 500B is performed between a UE 514 which is an example of the first apparatus 110 and a serving cell 516 which is an example of the cell 125 provided by the second apparatus 120. In this example, a type of time resources comprises a type of symbols or a symbol type from SBFD symbols and non-SBFD symbols. As shown in FIG. 5B, in the procedure 500B, the UE 514 may receive (518) an indication of SBFD resources (e.g., the first configuration) from the serving cell 516. The UE 514 may further receive (520) a configuration of RLM-RS resources (e.g., the second configuration) from the serving cell 516.
[0074] The UE 514 may perform (522) selection of symbol type (s) for RLM evaluation. The RLM procedure 500B involves how the UE determines in which symbol type it will evaluate RLM. Two options are possible. In one option, the UE 514 may prioritize one symbol type. The prioritized one symbol type may either be hardcoded in the specification, selected by the UE 514 based on the number of RS occasions that overlap with a given symbol type, or configured by a gNB (as an example of the second apparatus 120) . In another option, the UE 514 may select both symbol types and then evaluate RLM in both symbol types.
[0075] After the selection of the type (or types) of symbols to be considered in the RLM evaluation, the UE 514 may monitor (524) RLM-RSs from the serving cell 516. Based on the selected symbol type (s) , the UE 514 may perform (526) an RLM procedure. For example, the UE 514 may evaluate RLM based on the selected symbol type. If both symbol types are selected, the UE 514 may evaluate RLM in both symbol types. For example, the evaluation can be done separately, considering RLM-RS occasions that overlap with different symbol types as different RLM-RSs. As another example, the evaluation may be done simultaneously, if the UE 514 is under low CLI conditions. In this case, the UE 514 may consider all RLM-RS occasions without differentiating the different symbol types.
[0076] Still with reference to FIG. 5A, in some example embodiments, the selecting (510) may be performed responsive to the RS resources overlapping with both the SBFD time resources and the non-SBFD time resources. For example, the first apparatus 110 may determine whether the RS resources overlap with both the SBFD time resources and the non-SBFD time resources. If the first apparatus 110 determines that the RS resources overlap with both the SBFD time resources and the non-SBFD time resources, the first apparatus 110 may perform the selecting (510) .
[0077] As described above, in some example embodiments, one type of time resources from the two types of time resources may be selected (510) by the first apparatus 110. In some example embodiments, the selected one type of time resources may be a predefined type of time resources. In some other example embodiments, the one type of time resources is selected based on a number of overlapping transmission occasions of an RS in the RS resources, where the number of overlapping transmission occasions of the RS overlap with the one type of time resources. In one example, the one type of time resources may be selected based on a ratio of the number of the overlapping transmission occasions of the RS to a total number of transmission occasions of the RS greater than a threshold (referred to as a second threshold) . The value of the second threshold may be set according to actual needs and / or network deployment. In an example, the value of the second threshold may be set as 50%. In another example, the second threshold can be set as 60%, or a percentage between 50%and 60%.
[0078] Taking the RLM procedure 500B, the UE 514 may select one symbol type to perform the RLM evaluation. The symbol type may be given by the specification. For example, the standards may specify that RLM evaluation is done in DL-only (non-SBFD) symbols. Alternatively, or in addition, the symbol type may be selected by the UE 514 based on the symbol type that overlaps the majority of RS occasions. For example, if SBFD symbols overlap more than 50% (as an example of the second threshold) of RS occasions, an SBFD symbol may be selected. If non-SBFD symbols overlap more than 50%of RS occasions, a non-SBFD symbol may be selected. In some example embodiments, if the overlap is 50%, the UE 514 may do the evaluation in the DL-only symbols. In another example, if SBFD symbols overlap more than 60% (as an example of the second threshold) of RS occasions, an SBFD symbol may be selected. In some example embodiments, if the overlap is less than the second threshold, the UE 514 may do the evaluation in the DL-only symbols. For example, evaluation in the DL-only symbols may be considered as default behaviour of the UE.
[0079] Some example embodiments with respect to the selection of one symbol type will be described below with reference to FIG. 6A which shows an example RLM process implemented by the UE 514 according to some example embodiments.
[0080] In a process 600A as shown in FIG. 6A, at block 602, the UE 514 receives a configuration (e.g., the first configuration) of a location of SBFD resources in the serving cell 516. At block 604, the UE 514 is configured with an RLM-RS. For example, the UE 514 may receive the frame configuration (block 602) and the RLM-RS configuration (block 604) .
[0081] At block 606, the UE 514 determines whether the RLM-RS overlaps with different symbol types. If yes, at block 608, the UE 514 selects the symbol type for RLM evaluation. The selection of the symbol type is either hardcoded in the specification or performed at the UE 514. For example, if the RLM-RS overlaps with different symbol types, the UE 514 will select a symbol type to perform the RLM evaluation. This selection can be given in the specification, or done at the UE 514 based on the number of RLM-RS occasions that overlap with a given symbol type.
[0082] At block 612, the UE 514 determines the evaluation period considering the symbol type. If at block 606, the UE 514 determines that the RLM-RS does not overlap with different symbol types, then at block 610, the UE 514 determines whether the RLM-RS is in SBFD symbols. If yes, the process 600A also proceeds to block 612. At block 614, the UE 514 evaluates RLM in the selected symbol type. If at block 610, the UE 514 determines that the RLM-RS is not in SBFD symbols, then a legacy RLM procedure is applied at block 616.
[0083] In some example embodiments, the UE 514 may determine a time period for an RLM evaluation, based on the selected one or both symbol types, and then perform at least one evaluation on the RS resources in the determined time period. If the SBFD symbols from the two symbol types are selected for the RLM, the determined time period may be extended from a time period configured for the RLM evaluation.
[0084] For example, based on the selected symbol type, the UE 514 may determine whether the evaluation period for RLM is to be extended. For instance, if the selected symbol type is the SBFD symbol, some extension of the evaluation period may be needed to account for the puncturing operation of the RS resources (e.g., CSI-RS resources as shown in FIG. 4A) . Finally, the UE 514 performs the RLM procedure based on measurements on the selected symbol type and corresponding evaluation period.
[0085] The extension of the evaluation period may be implemented in any suitable way. One example of how the UE 514 may extend the evaluation period is given below. In this example, the evaluation period may be modified as shown in Table 3. Table 3: Evaluation period TEvaluate_out_CSI-RS and TEvaluate_in_CSI-RS for FR1
[0086] For a window WSBFD with a duration = max (TCSI-RS, duration (TDD_UL_DL_pattern) ) , where duration (TDD_UL_DL_pattern) represents a duration of a TDD pattern (as shown in FIG. 4B) , NCSI-RS, DL is the number of occasions in which the CSI-RS overlaps with the DL symbols. NCSI-RS, SBFD is the number of occasions in which the CSI-RS overlaps with the SBFD symbols. NCSI-RS is the total number of CSI-RSs in the window WSBFD.
[0087] Still with reference to FIG. 5A, in some example embodiments, the one type of time resources may be selected (510) by the first apparatus 110 based on an indication (referred to as a second indication) from the second apparatus 120 to indicate that the one type of time resources is to be used for the RLM or BDF or CBD. In some example embodiments, this second indication may be included in the second configuration of the RS resources. For example, the second apparatus 120 (such as a gNB) may configure the symbol type (as an example of a type of time resources) in the RLM-RS configuration (as an example of the second configuration) . Some example implementations in this regard will be described with reference to FIG. 6B.
[0088] Similar to the process 600A, in a process 600B in FIG. 6B, the UE 514 receives the frame configuration (block 622) and the RLM-RS configuration (block 624) . The difference is that the RLM-RS configuration includes or indicates the symbol type that is to be used in the evaluation. Based on the selected symbol type, the UE 514 may determine whether the evaluation period for RLM is to be extended (block 632) . For instance, if the selected symbol type is SBFD symbol, some extension of the evaluation period may be needed to account for the puncturing operation of the CSI-RS resource. Finally, the UE 514 performs the RLM procedure based on measurements on the selected symbol type and corresponding evaluation period (block 634) . Blocks 626, 630 and 636 in FIG. 6B are similar to blocks 606, 610 and 616 in FIG. 6A, and the details thereof will not be repeated.
[0089] Next, returning to FIG. 5A, in some example embodiments, as described above, the first apparatus 110 may select (510) both of the two types of time resources. For example, both of the two types of time resources may be selected (510) if the RS resources overlap with both the SBFD time resources and the non-SBFD time resources.
[0090] In some example embodiments, the selecting (510) of the one or both of the two types of time resources may be further based on determining whether the total number of configured RSs is less than or equal to a threshold (referred to as a first threshold) . The value of the first threshold may be set according to actual needs and / or network deployment. In some example embodiments, the first threshold may be an allowed maximum number of RSs minus one, denoted as NRLM_max –1.
[0091] For example, if the first apparatus 110 determines that the RS resources overlap with both the SBFD time resources and the non-SBFD time resources, the first apparatus 110 may determine whether a total number of configured RSs is less than or equal to the first threshold. Both of the two types of time resources may be selected (510) responsive to the total number of configured RSs less than or equal to the first threshold. If the total number of configured RSs is greater than the first threshold, the first apparatus 110 may select (510) one type of time resources from the two types of time resources.
[0092] In some example embodiments, the selecting (510) of both of the two types of time resources may be based on an indication (referred to as a first indication) from the second apparatus to indicate that the two types of time resources are allowed to be simultaneously used for the RLM or BDF or CBD. For example, the determining whether the total number of configured RSs is less than or equal to the first threshold may be responsive to lack of the first indication from the second apparatus to indicate that the two types of time resources are allowed to be simultaneously used for the RLM or BDF or CBD. If there is the first indication from the second apparatus to indicate that the two types of time resources are allowed to be simultaneously used for the RLM or BDF or CBD, both of the two types of time resources may be selected (510) .
[0093] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus 120 may determine whether the two types of time resources are allowed to be simultaneously used for the RLM or BFD or CBD, based on a CLI level of the first apparatus 110. The second apparatus 120 may transmit the first indication to the first apparatus 110 if it is determined that the two types of time resources are allowed to be simultaneously used for the RLM or BFD or CBD.
[0094] This first indication may be received from the second apparatus 120 in any suitable signaling. In some example embodiments, this first indication may be received via at least one of RRC, medium access control (MAC) or physical layer (PHY) signaling. In some example embodiments, this first indication may be included in the second configuration of the RS resources.
[0095] Two example processes where the UE 514 evaluates RLM in both symbol types will be described with reference to FIGS. 7A and 7B, respectively. In a process 700A in FIG. 7A, at block 702, the UE 514 is configured with a TDD pattern and a SBFD pattern (e.g., the first configuration) . At block 704, the UE 514 is configured with a new RLM-RS (e.g., the second configuration) . At block 706, the UE 514 determines whether the RLM-RS overlaps with different symbol types. If yes, at block 708, the UE 514 determines whether a gNB (as an example of the second apparatus 120) has indicated that the RLM-RS can be evaluated simultaneously in different symbol types (e.g., the first indication) .
[0096] If the gNB has not made such an indication, then at block 710, the UE 514 determines whether the total number of RLM-RSs <= NRLM_max –1. If yes, at block 712, the UE 514 evaluates RLM in both types of Symbols separately. For example, the UE 514 may do the evaluation separately in both types of symbols, if before the configuration of the new RLM-RS, the total number of configured RLM-RSs is less than the maximum number of configured RLM-RSs, that is, less than or equal to NRLM_max –1. In this case, the UE 514 may have processing capacity for evaluating RLM in both symbol types simultaneously.
[0097] If the total number of configured RLM-RSs is equal to the maximum number of configured RLM-RSs, at block 714, the UE 514 selects one symbol type for RLM evaluation. At block 716, the UE 514 extends the evaluation periods considering the overlap with each symbol type. If the UE 514 determines that the RLM-RS does not overlap with different symbol types at block 706, or determines that the gNB has indicated that the RLM-RS can be evaluated simultaneously in different symbol types at block 708, a legacy evaluation period is applied at block 718.
[0098] In a process 700B in FIG. 7B, the selecting of both types of symbols may be based on an indication (e.g., the first indication) from the gNB that the RLM-RS can be evaluated simultaneously in different symbol types, as will be described below. The gNB may inform that the UE 514 is allowed to evaluate samples in different symbol types simultaneously. The gNB may make a decision based on the previously reported CLI measurements from the UE 514. For example, the CSI reports from the UE 514 may contain layer 1 (L1) CLI measurements or layer 3 (L3) CLI measurements reports. If the interference in SBFD symbols is low enough or not present, the gNB and the UE 514 can benefit from RLM evaluation in both types of symbols. This indication can be received during the RLM-RS configuration via RRC or, after RLM-RS is configured, via a medium access control control element (MAC-CE) or PHY.
[0099] As shown in FIG. 7B, at block 728, the gNB decides and explicitly configures the UE 514 to use both symbol types based on previously reported UE CLI measurements. If at 730, the UE 514 determines that the gNB has indicated that the RLM-RS can be evaluated simultaneously in different symbol types, then the UE 514 selects both symbol types for RLM evaluation at block 732. At block 734, the UE 514 determines the evaluation periods considering the symbol type (s) . At block 736, the UE 514 evaluates RLM in the selected symbol type (s) . Blocks 722, 724, 726 and 738 in FIG. 7B are similar to blocks 702, 704, 706 and 718 in FIG. 7A, and the details thereof will not be repeated.
[0100] Returning to FIG. 5A, in some example embodiments, the selecting (510) of both of the two types of time resources may be based on a CLI of the first apparatus 110. For example, responsive to the RS resources overlapping with the two types of time resources, the first apparatus 110 may determine whether a CLI of the first apparatus 110 is lower than a threshold interference. Then, the selecting (510) of the one or both of the two types of time resources may be further based on the determining whether the CLI is lower than the threshold interference. The value of the threshold interference may be dependent on actual needs and / or network deployment. In an example, both of the two types of time resources may be selected based on the CLI lower than the threshold interference. In another example, the non-SBFD time resources from the two types of time resources may be selected if the CLI is higher than or equal to the threshold interference.
[0101] An example process for selecting both of the two types of time resources based on a CLI of the first apparatus 110 will be described with reference to FIG. 7C. In a process 700C in FIG. 7C, at block 742, the UE 514 receives a configuration of a location of SBFD resources in the serving cell 516 (e.g., the first configuration) . At block 744, the UE 514 is configured with an RLM-RS (e.g., the second configuration) . At block 746, the UE 514 is configured with CLI measurements and an RLM CLI power threshold or RLM CLI threshold (as an example of the threshold interference) . At block 748, the UE 514 determines whether the RLM-RS overlaps with different symbol types. If yes, at block 752, the UE 514 determines whether the last CLI measurement is below the RLM CLI threshold. If the last CLI measurement is below the RLM CLI threshold, then at block 754, the UE 514 selects both symbol type for RLM evaluation.
[0102] For example, the UE 514 may autonomously select to combine samples from the same RLM-RS but in different symbol types, if it is in low CLI conditions. The low CLI condition is determined if the UE 514 has not triggered a CLI reporting event, if configured, or if the CLI measurement of the UE 514 is below a pre-configured threshold value. Then, at block 756, the UE 514 determines the evaluation periods considering the symbol type (s) . At block 758, the UE 514 evaluates RLM in the selected symbol type (s) .
[0103] If at block 752, the UE 514 determines that the last CLI measurement is not below the RLM CLI threshold, then at block 762, RLM procedure is applied based on non-SBFD symbols only. If at block 748, the UE 514 determines that the RLM-RS does not overlap with different symbol types, then legacy RLM procedure is applied on a single symbol type at block 764.
[0104] FIG. 8 shows a flowchart of an example method 800 implemented at a first apparatus in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 800 will be described from the perspective of the first apparatus 110 in FIG. 1, e.g. UE.
[0105] At block 810, the first apparatus 110 receives, from the second apparatus 120, a first configuration related to a time location of SBFD resources.
[0106] At block 820, the first apparatus 110 receives, from the second apparatus 120, a second configuration of RS resources, where a part of the RS resources overlaps with SBFD time resources and another part of the RS resources overlaps with non-SBFD time resources.
[0107] At block 830, the first apparatus 110 selects, for RLM, or BFD, or CBD, one or both of two types of time resources, where the two types of time resources include the SBFD time resources and the non-SBFD time resources.
[0108] At block 840, the first apparatus 110 performs the RLM, BFD, or CBD based on the selected one or both of the two types of time resources.
[0109] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 may determine, based on the first and second configurations, whether the RS resources overlap with both the SBFD time resources and the non-SBFD time resources. The selecting of the one or both of the two types of time resources may be at least based on the determining whether the RS resources overlap with both the SBFD time resources and the non-SBFD time resources.
[0110] In some example embodiments, one type of time resources from the two types of time resources may be selected responsive to the RS resources overlapping with both the SBFD time resources and the non-SBFD time resources.
[0111] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 may in accordance with a determination that the RS resources overlap with both the SBFD time resources and the non-SBFD time resources, determine whether a total number of configured RSs is less than or equal to a first threshold. The selecting of the one or both of the two types of time resources may be further based on the determining whether the total number of configured RSs is less than or equal to the first threshold.
[0112] In some example embodiments, the determining whether the total number of configured RSs is less than or equal to the first threshold may be responsive to lack of a first indication from the second apparatus to indicate that the two types of time resources are allowed to be simultaneously used for the RLM or BDF or CBD.
[0113] In some example embodiments, one type of time resources from the two types of time resources may be selected responsive to the total number of configured RSs greater than the first threshold.
[0114] In some example embodiments, the selected one type of time resources may be a predefined type of time resources.
[0115] In some example embodiments, the one type of time resources may be selected based on a number of overlapping transmission occasions of an RS in the RS resources, where the number of overlapping transmission occasions of the RS overlapping with the one type of time resources.
[0116] In some example embodiments, the one type of time resources may be selected based on a ratio of the number of the overlapping transmission occasions of the RS to a total number of transmission occasions of the RS greater than a second threshold.
[0117] In some example embodiments, the one type of time resources may be selected based on a second indication from the second apparatus to indicate that the one type of time resources is to be used for the RLM or BDF or CBD.
[0118] In some example embodiments, the second indication may be included in the second configuration of the RS resources.
[0119] In some example embodiments, both of the two types of time resources may be selected responsive to the total number of configured RSs less than or equal to the first threshold.
[0120] In some example embodiments, the first threshold may be an allowed maximum number of RSs minus one.
[0121] In some example embodiments, both of the two types of time resources may be selected responsive to the RS resources overlapping with both the SBFD time resources and the non-SBFD time resources.
[0122] In some example embodiments, both of the two types of time resources may be selected based on a first indication from the second apparatus to indicate that the two types of time resources are allowed to be simultaneously used for the RLM or BDF or CBD.
[0123] In some example embodiments, the first indication may be included in the second configuration of the RS resources.
[0124] In some example embodiments, the first indication may be received via at least one of RRC, MAC, or physical layer signaling.
[0125] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 may responsive to the RS resources overlapping with the two types of time resources, determine whether a CLI of the first apparatus is lower than a threshold interference. The selecting of the one or both of the two types of time resources may be further based on the determining whether the CLI is lower than the threshold interference.
[0126] In some example embodiments, both of the two types of time resources may be selected based on the CLI lower than the threshold interference.
[0127] In some example embodiments, the non-SBFD time resources from the two types of time resources may be selected based on the CLI higher than or equal to the threshold interference.
[0128] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 may determine a time period for an RLM evaluation, based on the selected one or both of the two types of time resources. Then, the first apparatus 110 may perform at least one evaluation on the RS resources in the determined time period.
[0129] In some example embodiments, the determined time period may be extended from a time period configured for the RLM evaluation, responsive to the SBFD time resources from the two types of time resources selected for the RLM.
[0130] In some example embodiments, the RS resources may comprise RLM-RS resources.
[0131] In some example embodiments, a first apparatus capable of performing any of the method 800 (for example, the first apparatus 110 in FIG. 1) may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 800 and any of the embodiments thereof. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module. The first apparatus may be implemented as or included in the first apparatus 110 in FIG. 1.
[0132] FIG. 9 shows a flowchart of an example method 900 implemented at a second apparatus in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 900 will be described from the perspective of the second apparatus 120 in FIG. 1, e.g. a network device.
[0133] At block 910, the second apparatus 120 transmits, to the first apparatus 110, a first configuration related to a time location of SBFD resources.
[0134] At block 920, the second apparatus 120 transmits, to the first apparatus 110, a second configuration of RS resources, where a part of the RS resources overlaps with SBFD time resources and another part of the RS resources overlaps with non-SBFD time resources.
[0135] At block 930, the second apparatus 120 transmits, to the first apparatus 110, at least one indication related to a selection of one or both of two types of time resources, for RLM, or BFD, or CBD, where the two types of time resources includes the SBFD time resources and the non-SBFD time resources.
[0136] In some example embodiments, the at least one indication may comprise at least one of: a first indication that the two types of time resources are allowed to be simultaneously used for the RLM or BFD or CBD; or a second indication that one type of time resources from the two types of time resources is to be used for the RLM or BFD or CBD.
[0137] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus 120 may determine whether the two types of time resources are allowed to be simultaneously used for the RLM or BFD or CBD, based on a CLI level of the first apparatus. The first indication may be transmitted to the first apparatus 110 responsive to a determination that the two types of time resources are allowed to be simultaneously used for the RLM or BFD or CBD.
[0138] In some example embodiments, at least one of the first indication or the second indication may be included in the second configuration of the RS resources.
[0139] In some example embodiments, at least one of the first indication or the second indication may be transmitted via at least one of RRC, MAC, or physical layer signaling.
[0140] In some example embodiments, the RS resources may comprise RLM-RS resources.
[0141] In some example embodiments, a second apparatus capable of performing any of the method 900 (for example, the second apparatus 120 in FIG. 1) may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 900 and any of the embodiments thereof. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module. The first apparatus may be implemented as or included in the second apparatus 120 in FIG. 1.
[0142] FIG. 10 is a simplified block diagram of a device 1000 that is suitable for implementing example embodiments of the present disclosure. The device 1000 may be provided to implement a communication device, for example, the first apparatus 110, or the second apparatus 120, or the third apparatus 130 as shown in FIG. 1. As shown, the device 1000 includes one or more processors 1010, one or more memories 1020 coupled to the processor 1010, and one or more communication modules 1040 coupled to the processor 1010.
[0143] The communication module 1040 is for bidirectional communications. The communication module 1040 has one or more communication interfaces to facilitate communication with one or more other modules or devices. The communication interfaces may represent any interface that is necessary for communication with other network elements. In some example embodiments, the communication module 1040 may include at least one antenna.
[0144] The processor 1010 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network and may include one or more of the following: general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and processors based on multicore processor architecture, as non-limiting examples. The device 1000 may have multiple processors, such as an application specific integrated circuit chip that is slaved in time to a clock which synchronizes the main processor.
[0145] The memory 1020 may include one or more non-volatile memories and one or more volatile memories. Examples of the non-volatile memories include, but are not limited to, a Read Only Memory (ROM) 1024, an electrically programmable read only memory (EPROM) , a flash memory, a hard disk, a compact disc (CD) , a digital video disk (DVD) , an optical disk, a laser disk, and other magnetic storage and / or optical storage. Examples of the volatile memories include, but are not limited to, a random-access memory (RAM) 1022 and other volatile memories that will not last in the power-down duration.
[0146] A computer program 1030 includes computer executable instructions that are executed by the associated processor 1010. The instructions of the program 1030 may include instructions for performing operations / acts of some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The program 1030 may be stored in the memory, e.g., the ROM 1024. The processor 1010 may perform any suitable actions and processing by loading the program 1030 into the RAM 1022.
[0147] The example embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented by means of the program 1030 so that the device 1000 may perform any process of the disclosure as discussed with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 9. The example embodiments of the present disclosure may also be implemented by hardware or by a combination of software and hardware.
[0148] In some example embodiments, the program 1030 may be tangibly contained in a computer readable medium which may be included in the device 1000 (such as in the memory 1020) or other storage devices that are accessible by the device 1000. The device 1000 may load the program 1030 from the computer readable medium to the RAM 1022 for execution. In some example embodiments, the computer readable medium may include any types of non-transitory storage medium, such as ROM, EPROM, a flash memory, a hard disk, CD, DVD, and the like. The term “non-transitory, ” as used herein, is a limitation of the medium itself (i.e., tangible, not a signal) as opposed to a limitation on data storage persistency (e.g., RAM vs. ROM) .
[0149] FIG. 11 shows an example of the computer readable medium 1100 which may be in form of CD, DVD or other optical storage disk. The computer readable medium 1100 has the program 1030 stored thereon.
[0150] Generally, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in hardware or special purpose circuits, software, logic or any combination thereof. Some aspects may be implemented in hardware, and other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software which may be executed by a controller, microprocessor or other computing device. Although various aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated and described as block diagrams, flowcharts, or using some other pictorial representations, it is to be understood that the block, apparatus, system, technique or method described herein may be implemented in, as non-limiting examples, hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.
[0151] Some example embodiments of the present disclosure also provide at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a computer readable medium, such as a non-transitory computer readable medium. The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions, such as those included in program modules, being executed in a device on a target physical or virtual processor, to carry out any of the methods as described above. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, or the like that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The functionality of the program modules may be combined or split between program modules as desired in various embodiments. Machine-executable instructions for program modules may be executed within a local or distributed device. In a distributed device, program modules may be located in both local and remote storage media.
[0152] Program code for carrying out methods of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. The program code may be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the program code, when executed by the processor or controller, cause the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be implemented. The program code may execute entirely on a machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on the remote machine or server.
[0153] In the context of the present disclosure, the computer program code or related data may be carried by any suitable carrier to enable the device, apparatus or processor to perform various processes and operations as described above. Examples of the carrier include a signal, computer readable medium, and the like.
[0154] The computer readable medium may be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium. A computer readable medium may include but not limited to an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the computer readable storage medium would include an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random-access memory (RAM) , a read-only memory (ROM) , an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory) , an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) , an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
[0155] Further, although operations are depicted in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Likewise, although several specific implementation details are contained in the above discussions, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the present disclosure, but rather as descriptions of features that may be specific to particular embodiments. Unless explicitly stated, certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, unless explicitly stated, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented in a plurality of embodiments separately or in any suitable sub-combination.
[0156] Although the present disclosure has been described in languages specific to structural features and / or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the present disclosure defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.
Claims
1.A first apparatus comprising:at least one processor; andat least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first apparatus at least to:receive, from a second apparatus, a first configuration related to a time location of subband non-overlapping full duplex, SBFD, resources;receive, from the second apparatus, a second configuration of reference signal, RS, resources, wherein a part of the RS resources overlaps with SBFD time resources and another part of the RS resources overlaps with non-SBFD time resources;select, for radio link monitoring, RLM, or beam failure detection, BFD, or candidate beam detection, CBD, one or both of two types of time resources, wherein the two types of time resources include the SBFD time resources and the non-SBFD time resources; andperform the RLM, BFD, or CBD based on the selected one or both of the two types of time resources.2.The first apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first apparatus is further caused to:determine, based on the first and second configurations, whether the RS resources overlap with both the SBFD time resources and the non-SBFD time resources,wherein the selecting of the one or both of the two types of time resources is at least based on the determining whether the RS resources overlap with both the SBFD time resources and the non-SBFD time resources.3.The first apparatus of claim 2, wherein one type of time resources from the two types of time resources is selected responsive to the RS resources overlapping with both the SBFD time resources and the non-SBFD time resources.4.The first apparatus of claim 2, wherein the first apparatus is further caused to:in accordance with a determination that the RS resources overlap with both the SBFD time resources and the non-SBFD time resources, determine whether a total number of configured RSs is less than or equal to a first threshold,wherein the selecting of the one or both of the two types of time resources is further based on the determining whether the total number of configured RSs is less than or equal to the first threshold.5.The first apparatus of claim 4, wherein the determining whether the total number of configured RSs is less than or equal to the first threshold is responsive to lack of a first indication from the second apparatus to indicate that the two types of time resources are allowed to be simultaneously used for the RLM or BDF or CBD.6.The first apparatus of claim 4 or 5, wherein one type of time resources from the two types of time resources is selected responsive to the total number of configured RSs greater than the first threshold.7.The first apparatus of claim 3 or 6, wherein the selected one type of time resources is a predefined type of time resources.8.The first apparatus of claim 3 or 6, wherein the one type of time resources is selected based on a number of overlapping transmission occasions of an RS in the RS resources, the number of overlapping transmission occasions of the RS overlapping with the one type of time resources.9.The first apparatus of claim 8, wherein the one type of time resources is selected based on a ratio of the number of the overlapping transmission occasions of the RS to a total number of transmission occasions of the RS greater than a second threshold.10.The first apparatus of claim 3 or 6, wherein the one type of time resources is selected based on a second indication from the second apparatus to indicate that the one type of time resources is to be used for the RLM or BDF or CBD.11.The first apparatus of claim 10, wherein the second indication is included in the second configuration of the RS resources.12.The first apparatus of claim 4 or 5, wherein both of the two types of time resources are selected responsive to the total number of configured RSs less than or equal to the first threshold.13.The first apparatus of any of claims 4 to 6 and 12, wherein the first threshold is an allowed maximum number of RSs minus one.14.The first apparatus of claim 2, wherein both of the two types of time resources are selected responsive to the RS resources overlapping with both the SBFD time resources and the non-SBFD time resources.15.The first apparatus of claim 14, wherein both of the two types of time resources are selected based on a first indication from the second apparatus to indicate that the two types of time resources are allowed to be simultaneously used for the RLM or BDF or CBD.16.The first apparatus of claim 5 or 15, wherein the first indication is included in the second configuration of the RS resources.17.The first apparatus of claim 5 or 15, wherein the first indication is received via at least one of radio resource control, RRC, medium access control, MAC, or physical layer signaling.18.The first apparatus of claim 2, wherein the first apparatus is further caused to:responsive to the RS resources overlapping with the two types of time resources, determine whether a cross-link interference of the first apparatus is lower than a threshold interference,wherein the selecting of the one or both of the two types of time resources is further based on the determining whether the cross-link interference is lower than the threshold interference.19.The first apparatus of claim 18, wherein both of the two types of time resources are selected based on the cross-link interference lower than the threshold interference.20.The first apparatus of claim 18, wherein the non-SBFD time resources from the two types of time resources are selected based on the cross link interference higher than or equal to the threshold interference.21.The first apparatus of any of claims 1 to 20, wherein the first apparatus caused to perform the RLM is caused to:determine a time period for an RLM evaluation, based on the selected one or both of the two types of time resources; andperform at least one evaluation on the RS resources in the determined time period.22.The first apparatus of claim 21, wherein the determined time period is extended from a time period configured for the RLM evaluation, responsive to the SBFD time resources from the two types of time resources selected for the RLM.23.The first apparatus of any of claims 1 to 22, wherein the RS resources comprise radio link monitoring reference signal, RLM-RS, resources.24.A second apparatus comprising:at least one processor; andat least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second apparatus at least to:transmit, to a first apparatus, a first configuration related to a time location of subband non-overlapping full duplex, SBFD, resources;transmit, to the first apparatus, a second configuration of reference signal, RS, resources, wherein a part of the RS resources overlaps with SBFD time resources and another part of the RS resources overlaps with non-SBFD time resources; andtransmit, to the first apparatus, at least one indication related to a selection of one or both of two types of time resources, for radio link monitoring, RLM, or beam failure detection, BFD, or candidate beam detection, CBD, wherein the two types of time resources includes the SBFD time resources and the non-SBFD time resources.25.The second apparatus of claim 24, wherein the at least one indication comprises at least one of:a first indication that the two types of time resources are allowed to be simultaneously used for the RLM or BFD or CBD; ora second indication that one type of time resources from the two types of time resources is to be used for the RLM or BFD or CBD.26.The second apparatus of claim 25, wherein the second apparatus is further caused to:determine whether the two types of time resources are allowed to be simultaneously used for the RLM or BFD or CBD, based on a cross-link interference level of the first apparatus,wherein the first indication is transmitted to the first apparatus responsive to a determination that the two types of time resources are allowed to be simultaneously used for the RLM or BFD or CBD.27.The second apparatus of claim 25 or 26, wherein at least one of the first indication or the second indication is included in the second configuration of the RS resources.28.The second apparatus of claim 25 or 26, wherein at least one of the first indication or the second indication is transmitted via at least one of radio resource control, RRC, medium access control, MAC, or physical layer signaling.29.The second apparatus of any of claims 24 to 28, wherein the RS resources comprise radio link monitoring reference signal, RLM-RS, resources.30.A method comprising:at a first apparatus,receiving, from a second apparatus, a first configuration related to a time location of subband non-overlapping full duplex, SBFD, resources;receiving, from the second apparatus, a second configuration of reference signal, RS, resources, wherein a part of the RS resources overlaps with SBFD time resources and another part of the RS resources overlaps with non-SBFD time resources;selecting, for radio link monitoring, RLM, or beam failure detection, BFD, or candidate beam detection, CBD, one or both of two types of time resources, wherein the two types of time resources include the SBFD time resources and the non-SBFD time resources; andperforming the RLM, BFD, or CBD based on the selected one or both of the two types of time resources.31.A method comprising:at a second apparatus,transmitting, to a first apparatus, a first configuration related to a time location of subband non-overlapping full duplex, SBFD, resources;transmitting, to the first apparatus, a second configuration of a radio link monitoring reference signal, RS, resources, wherein a part of the RS resources overlaps with SBFD time resources and another part of the RS resources overlaps with non-SBFD time resources; andtransmitting, to the first apparatus, at least one indication related to a selection of one or both of two types of time resources, for radio link monitoring, RLM, or beam failure detection, BFD, or candidate beam detection, CBD, wherein the two types of time resources includes the SBFD time resources and the non-SBFD time resources.32.A first apparatus comprising:means for receiving, from the second apparatus, a second configuration of reference signal, RS, resources, wherein a part of the RS resources overlaps with SBFD time resources and another part of the RS resources overlaps with non-SBFD time resources;means for selecting, for radio link monitoring, RLM, or beam failure detection, BFD, or candidate beam detection, CBD, one or both of two types of time resources, wherein the two types of time resources include the SBFD time resources and the non-SBFD time resources; andmeans for performing the RLM, BFD, or CBD based on the selected one or both of the two types of time resources.33.A second apparatus comprising:means for transmitting, to a first apparatus, a first configuration related to a time location of subband non-overlapping full duplex, SBFD, resources;means for transmitting, to the first apparatus, a second configuration of a radio link monitoring reference signal, RS, resources, wherein a part of the RS resources overlaps with SBFD time resources and another part of the RS resources overlaps with non-SBFD time resources; andmeans for transmitting, to the first apparatus, at least one indication related to a selection of one or both of two types of time resources, for radio link monitoring, RLM, or beam failure detection, BFD, or candidate beam detection, CBD, wherein the two types of time resources includes the SBFD time resources and the non-SBFD time resources.34.A computer readable medium comprising instructions stored thereon for causing an apparatus at least to perform the method of claim 30 or the method of claim 31.