Devices and methods for communication
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-07
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-13
Smart Images

Figure CN2025076384_13082026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
DEVICES AND METHODS FOR COMMUNICATIONFIELDS
[0001] Example embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to the field of communication techniques and in particular, to devices and methods for IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) packet and transmission.BACKGROUND
[0002] A non-terrestrial network (NTN) refers to a network or segment of networks using radio frequency (RF) resources on board a satellite or unmanned aircraft system (UAS) platform. The NTN could provide ubiquitous and resilient wireless service beyond the terrestrial network coverage. The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has started the standardization of NTN since the 5th Generation (5G) communication system. the NTN is expected to be fully integrated with the TN in the 6th Generation (6G) . In the NTN, a relatively large number of terminal devices are served in a cell.SUMMARY
[0003] In general, embodiments of the present disclosure provide devices and methods for IMS packet and transmission.
[0004] In a first aspect, there is provided a terminal device. The terminal device includes: a processor configured to cause the terminal device to: obtain a plurality of packets from an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) corresponding to a plurality of time durations respectively, wherein a packet of the plurality of packets is generated within a corresponding time duration; for each packet of the plurality of packets, apply a codeword of a plurality of codewords to the packet to generate a plurality of uplink channel signals, wherein the plurality of codewords is orthogonal to each other; and transmit, to a network device, the plurality of uplink channel signals by using one or more resources in time and frequency domain.
[0005] In a second aspect, there is provided a network device. The network device includes: a processor configured to cause the network device to: receive, from a terminal device, a signal on one or more resources in time and frequency domain; apply a plurality of codewords to the received signal to obtain a plurality of demultiplexed signals, wherein the plurality of codewords is orthogonal to each other; and decode a plurality of packets from an IMS corresponding to a plurality of time durations respectively, wherein a packet of the plurality of packets is generated within a corresponding time duration.
[0006] In a third aspect, there is provided a terminal device. The terminal device includes: a processor configured to cause the terminal device to: obtain, from a network device, allocation information for transmission of packets from an IMS on one or more carriers, the allocation information including a first number of subframes occupied by transmitting a packet once and a second number of repetition times for transmitting the packet; and decode the packet from the network device on the one or more carriers based on the allocation information.
[0007] In a fourth aspect, there is provided a network device. The network device includes: a processor configured to cause the network device to: obtain, for a terminal device, allocation information for transmission of packets from an IMS on one or more carriers, the allocation information including a first number of subframes occupied by transmitting a packet once and a second number of repetition times for transmitting the packet; and transmit the packet to the terminal device on the one or more carriers based on the allocation information.
[0008] In a fifth aspect, there is provided a terminal device. The terminal device includes: a processor configured to cause the terminal device to: receive, from a network device, information indicating usage of a set of subframes included in one or more frames, wherein further subframes included in the one or more frames other than the set of subframes are configured for transmitting packets from an IMS; and perform communication with the network device within the set of subframes based on the received information.
[0009] In a sixth aspect, there is provided a network device. The network device includes: a processor configured to cause the network device to: transmit, to a terminal device, information indicating usage of a set of subframes included in one or more frames, wherein further subframes included in the one or more frames other than the set of subframes are configured for transmitting packets from an IMS; and perform communication with the terminal device within the set of subframes based on the transmitted information.
[0010] In a seventh aspect, there is provided a terminal device. The terminal device includes: a processor configured to cause the terminal device to: receive, from a network device, information indicating usage of a set of slots, wherein a sum of a time length of one or more resource units and a time length of the set of slots corresponds to a generation duration of a packet from an IMS, the one or more resource units are configured for transmitting the packet, and a resource unit of the one or more resource units include less than 16 slots; and perform communication with the network device based on the received information.
[0011] In a eighth aspect, there is provided a network device. The network device includes: a processor configured to cause the network device to: transmit, to a terminal device, information indicating usage of a set of slots, wherein a sum of a time length of one or more resource units and a time length of the set of slots corresponds to a generation duration of a packet from an IMS, the one or more resource units are configured for transmitting the packet, and a resource unit of the one or more resource units include less than 16 slots; and perform communication with the network device based on the received information.
[0012] In a ninth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a terminal device. The method includes: obtaining a plurality of packets from an IMS corresponding to a plurality of time durations respectively, wherein a packet of the plurality of packets is generated within a corresponding time duration; forring each packet of the plurality of packets, apply a codeword of a plurality of codewords to the packet to generate a plurality of uplink channel signals, wherein the plurality of codewords is orthogonal to each other; and transmitting, to a network device, the plurality of uplink channel signals by using one or more resources in time and frequency domain.
[0013] In a tenth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a network device. The method includes: receiving, from a terminal device, a signal on one or more resources in time and frequency domain; applying a plurality of codewords to the received signal to obtain a plurality of demultiplexed signals, wherein the plurality of codewords is orthogonal to each other; and decoding a plurality of packets from an IMS corresponding to a plurality of time durations respectively, wherein a packet of the plurality of packets is generated within a corresponding time duration.
[0014] In an eleventh aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a terminal device. The method includes: obtaining, from a network device, allocation information for transmission of packets from an IMS on one or more carriers, the allocation information including a first number of subframes occupied by transmitting a packet once and a second number of repetition times for transmitting the packet; and decoding the packet from the network device on the one or more carriers based on the allocation information.
[0015] In a twelfth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a network device. The method includes: obtaining, for a terminal device, allocation information for transmission of packets from an IMS on one or more carriers, the allocation information including a first number of subframes occupied by transmitting a packet once and a second number of repetition times for transmitting the packet; and transmitting the packet to the terminal device on the one or more carriers based on the allocation information.
[0016] In a thirteenth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a terminal device. The method includes: receiving, from a network device, information indicating usage of a set of subframes included in one or more frames, wherein further subframes included in the one or more frames other than the set of subframes are configured for transmitting packets from an IMS; and performing communication with the network device within the set of subframes based on the received information.
[0017] In a fourteenth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a network device. The method includes: transmitting, to a terminal device, information indicating usage of a set of subframes included in one or more frames, wherein further subframes included in the one or more frames other than the set of subframes are configured for transmitting packets from an IMS; and performing communication with the terminal device within the set of subframes based on the transmitted information.
[0018] In a fifteenth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a terminal device. The method includes: receiving, from a network device, information indicating usage of a set of slots, wherein a sum of a time length of one or more resource units and a time length of the set of slots corresponds to a generation duration of a packet from an IMS, the one or more resource units are configured for transmitting the packet, and a resource unit of the one or more resource units include less than 16 slots; and performing communication with the network device based on the received information.
[0019] In a sixteenth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a network device. The method includes: transmitting, to a terminal device, information indicating usage of a set of slots, wherein a sum of a time length of one or more resource units and a time length of the set of slots corresponds to a generation duration of a packet from an IMS, the one or more resource units are configured for transmitting the packet, and a resource unit of the one or more resource units include less than 16 slots; and performing communication with the network device based on the received information.
[0020] In a seventeenth aspect, there is provided a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to carry out the method according to the ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth, or sixteenth aspect.
[0021] Other features of the present disclosure will become easily comprehensible through the following description.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] Through the more detailed description of some example embodiments of the present disclosure in the accompanying drawings, the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent, wherein:
[0023] FIG. 1 illustrates an example communication environment in which example embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented;
[0024] FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B illustrate schematic diagrams of non-terrestrial network scenarios with different payload types in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure, respectively;
[0025] FIG. 3 illustrates an example packetization time for voice over long-term evolution (VoLTE) or voice over new radio (VoNR) ;
[0026] FIG. 4A illustrates an example frame structure for 15 kHz subcarrier spacing (SCS) ;
[0027] FIG. 4B illustrates an example frame structure for 3.75 kHz SCS;
[0028] FIG. 4C illustrates an example frame structure of resource element (RE) and physical resource block (PRB) ;
[0029] FIG. 5 illustrates different schemes for applying orthogonal cover code (OCC) ;
[0030] FIG. 6A illustrates an example scheme of time domain OCC for narrowband physical uplink shared channel (NPUSCH) ;
[0031] FIG. 6B illustrates another example scheme of time domain OCC for NPUSCH;
[0032] FIG. 7 illustrates a signaling flow for IMS packet transmission in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0033] FIG. 8 illustrates an example frame structure of voice packetization and transmission in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0034] FIG. 9 illustrates an example frame structure of voice packetization and transmission in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0035] FIGS. 10A to 10D illustrate example frame structures of voice packetization and transmission in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0036] FIG. 11 illustrates an example frame structure of voice packetization and transmission in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0037] FIGS. 12A to 12E illustrate example frame structures of voice packetization and transmission in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0038] FIG. 13 illustrates a signaling flow for IMS packet transmission in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0039] FIGS. 14A and 14B illustrate schematic diagrams of example frame structures in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0040] FIG. 15 illustrates a signaling flow of communication in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0041] FIGS. 16A and 16B illustrate schematic diagrams of example frame structures in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0042] FIGS. 17A and 17B illustrate schematic diagrams of example frame structures in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0043] FIG. 18 illustrates a signaling flow of communication in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0044] FIGS. 19A and 19B illustrate schematic diagrams of example frame structures in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0045] FIG. 19C illustrates a schematic diagram of contention based-msg3 occasion window starting point in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0046] FIG. 20 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method implemented at a terminal device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0047] FIG. 21 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method implemented at a network device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0048] FIG. 22 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method implemented at a terminal device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0049] FIG. 23 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method implemented at a network device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0050] FIG. 24 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method implemented at a terminal device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0051] FIG. 25 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method implemented at a network device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0052] FIG. 26 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method implemented at a terminal device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0053] FIG. 27 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method implemented at a network device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0054] FIG. 28 illustrates a simplified block diagram of an apparatus that is suitable for implementing example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0055] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar element.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0056] Principle of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some example embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. Embodiments described herein can be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.
[0057] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0058] As used herein, the term ‘terminal device’ refers to any device having wireless or wired communication capabilities. Examples of the terminal device include, but not limited to, user equipment (UE) , personal computers, desktops, mobile phones, cellular phones, smart phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs) , portable computers, tablets, wearable devices, internet of things (IoT) devices, Ultra-reliable and Low Latency Communications (URLLC) devices, Internet of Everything (IoE) devices, machine type communication (MTC) devices, devices on vehicle for V2X communication where X means pedestrian, vehicle, or infrastructure / network, devices for Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) , Space borne vehicles or Air borne vehicles in Non-terrestrial networks (NTN) including Satellites and High Altitude Platforms (HAPs) encompassing Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) , eXtended Reality (XR) devices including different types of realities such as Augmented Reality (AR) , Mixed Reality (MR) and Virtual Reality (VR) , the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) commonly known as a drone which is an aircraft without any human pilot, devices on high speed train (HST) , or image capture devices such as digital cameras, sensors, gaming devices, music storage and playback appliances, or Internet appliances enabling wireless or wired Internet access and browsing and the like. The ‘terminal device’ can further has ‘multicast / broadcast’ feature, to support public safety and mission critical, V2X applications, transparent IPv4 / IPv6 multicast delivery, IPTV, smart TV, radio services, software delivery over wireless, group communications and IoT applications. It may also incorporate one or multiple Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) as known as Multi-SIM. The term “terminal device” can be used interchangeably with a UE, a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile terminal, a user terminal or a wireless device.
[0059] The term “network device” refers to a device which is capable of providing or hosting a cell or coverage where terminal devices can communicate. Examples of a network device include, but not limited to, a Node B (NodeB or NB) , an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , a next generation NodeB (gNB) , a transmission reception point (TRP) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , a radio head (RH) , a remote radio head (RRH) , an IAB node, a low power node such as a femto node, a pico node, a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) , and the like.
[0060] The terminal device or the network device may have Artificial intelligence (AI) or Machine learning capability. It generally includes a model which has been trained from numerous collected data for a specific function and can be used to predict some information.
[0061] The terminal or the network device may work on several frequency ranges, e.g., FR1 (e.g., 450 MHz to 6000 MHz) , FR2 (e.g., 24.25GHz to 52.6GHz) , frequency band larger than 100 GHz as well as Tera Hertz (THz) . It can further work on licensed / unlicensed / shared spectrum. The terminal device may have more than one connection with the network devices under Multi-Radio Dual Connectivity (MR-DC) application scenario. The terminal device or the network device can work on full duplex, flexible duplex and cross division duplex modes.
[0062] The embodiments of the present disclosure may be performed in test equipment, e.g., signal generator, signal analyzer, spectrum analyzer, network analyzer, test terminal device, test network device, channel emulator. In some embodiments, the terminal device may be connected with a first network device and a second network device. One of the first network device and the second network device may be a master node and the other one may be a secondary node. The first network device and the second network device may use different radio access technologies (RATs) . In some embodiments, the first network device may be a first RAT device and the second network device may be a second RAT device. In some embodiments, the first RAT device is eNB and the second RAT device is gNB. Information related with different RATs may be transmitted to the terminal device from at least one of the first network device or the second network device. In some embodiments, first information may be transmitted to the terminal device from the first network device and second information may be transmitted to the terminal device from the second network device directly or via the first network device. In some embodiments, information related with configuration for the terminal device configured by the second network device may be transmitted from the second network device via the first network device. Information related with reconfiguration for the terminal device configured by the second network device may be transmitted to the terminal device from the second network device directly or via the first network device.
[0063] As used herein, the singular forms ‘a’ , ‘an’ and ‘the’ are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The term ‘includes’ and its variants are to be read as open terms that mean ‘includes, but is not limited to. ’ The term ‘based on’ is to be read as ‘at least in part based on. ’ The term ‘one embodiment’ and ‘an embodiment’ are to be read as ‘at least one embodiment. ’ The term ‘another embodiment’ is to be read as ‘at least one other embodiment. ’ The terms ‘first, ’ ‘second, ’ and the like may refer to different or same objects. Other definitions, explicit and implicit, may be included below.
[0064] In some examples, values, procedures, or apparatus are referred to as ‘best, ’ ‘lowest, ’ ‘highest, ’ ‘minimum, ’ ‘maximum, ’ or the like. It will be appreciated that such descriptions are intended to indicate that a selection among the many used functional alternatives can be made, and such selections need not be better, smaller, higher, or otherwise preferable to other selections.
[0065] As used herein, the term “resource, ” “transmission resource, ” “uplink resource, ” or “downlink resource” may refer to any resource for performing a communication, such as a resource in time domain, a resource in frequency domain, a resource in space domain, a resource in code domain, or any other resource enabling a communication, and the like. In the following, unless explicitly stated, a resource in both frequency domain and time domain will be used as an example of a transmission resource for describing some example embodiments of the present disclosure. It is noted that example embodiments of the present disclosure are equally applicable to other resources in other domains.
[0066] As used herein, the OCC length may refer to a sequence (code word) length of an OCC, such as an OCC length of 2 or an OCC length of 4. In the following, OCC 2 may refer to OCC length of 2, and OCC 4 may refer to OCC length of 4.
[0067] FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of an example communication environment 100 in which example embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented. The communication environment 100 involves a network device 120 and a terminal device 110. The terminal device 110 may be a UE and the network device 120 may be a base station serving the UE.
[0068] It is to be understood that the number of devices and their connections shown in FIG. 1 is only for the purpose of illustration without suggesting any limitation. The communication environment 100 may include any suitable number of devices configured to implement example embodiments of the present disclosure. Although not shown, it would be appreciated that one or more additional devices may be deployed in the communication environment 100.
[0069] In the following, for the purpose of illustration, some example embodiments are described with the terminal device 110 operating as a UE in the NTN and the network device 120 operating as a satellite or server device in the NTN. However, in some example embodiments, operations described in connection with a terminal device may be implemented at a network device or other device, and operations described in connection with a network device may be implemented at a terminal device or other devices.
[0070] A link from the network device 120 to the terminal device 110 is referred to as a downlink (DL) , while a link from the terminal device 110 to the network device 120 is referred to as an uplink (UL) . In DL, the network device 120 is a transmitting (TX) device (or a transmitter) and the terminal device 110 is a receiving (RX) device (or a receiver) . In UL, the terminal device 110 is a TX device (or a transmitter) and the network device 120 is a RX device (or a receiver) . In communication, the terminal device 110 may perform uplink transmission with the network device 120, for example PUSCH transmission. DMRS bundling may be needed for transmission occasions of the uplink transmission.
[0071] The communications in the communication environment 100 may conform to any suitable standards including, but not limited to, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) , Long Term Evolution (LTE) , LTE-Evolution, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) , New Radio (NR) , Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) , Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) , GSM EDGE Radio Access Network (GERAN) , Machine Type Communication (MTC) and the like. The embodiments of the present disclosure may be performed according to any generation communication protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. Examples of the communication protocols include, but not limited to, the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , 2.5G, 2.75G, the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , 4.5G, the fifth generation (5G) communication protocols, 5.5G, 5G-Advanced networks, or the sixth generation (6G) networks.
[0072] Satellite direct communication as a complement to terrestrial network coverage provides communication services to everyone, everywhere, at any time, bringing new values and opportunities to various market segments including IoT and smartphones.
[0073] Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) satellite has its advantage to provide global coverage for low data rate services. Using existing GEO satellites can enable rapid deployment to provide short message services (SMSs) and voice services. This feature is necessary for operators to increase their productivity and usage of GEO satellites.
[0074] There are smartphone products in the market supporting GEO satellite direct communication for SMS and low-rate voice call for emergency services. Although the market acceptance of such products has been good, they are based on proprietary solutions which are not preferred from a cost perspective and cannot provide consistent user performance.
[0075] 3GPP has been working on internet of things over NTN (IoT-NTN) since Rel-17 targeting direct communication over satellites. However, it was designed for IoT devices / services thus the current solution cannot enable voice call over GEO satellites.
[0076] In some embodiments, the communication environment 100 may be implemented in the NTN. The NTN may have different payload types. FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B illustrate schematic diagrams of NTN scenarios with different payload types. The NTN of FIG. 2A is based on a transparent payload, and the NTN of FIG. 2B is based on a regenerative payload.
[0077] In some example embodiments, a satellite or UAS platform may implement either a transparent or a regenerative (with on board processing) payload. The satellite or UAS platform may generate beams (for example, typically generate several beams) over a given service area bounded by its field of view 260. The footprints 250 of the beams are typically of an elliptic shape. The field of view of a satellite or UAS platform depends on the on-board antenna diagram and the minimum elevation angle. Table 1 shows some parameters for some example platforms. Table 1
[0078] As shown in FIG. 2A, in a transparent payload scenario, a UE 210 may communicate with the satellite 220 or UAS platform through a service link, and the satellite 220 or UAS platform may communicate with a gateway 230 having connection with a data network 240 through a feeder link. In this scenario, the satellite 220 or UAS platform may perform RF filtering, frequency conversion and amplification, therefore a waveform signal repeated by the payload may be unchanged. Based on the transparent payload, the UE 210 may have a connection with the data network 240. The round-trip time (RTT) in this case reflects the time for data to transmit from the UE 210 through the satellite 220 or UAS platform to a gNB (which is on the ground) .
[0079] As shown in FIG. 2B, in a regenerative payload scenario, the UE 210 may communicate with a satellite 220-1 or UAS platform through a service link. The satellite 220-1 or UAS platform may communicate with a satellite 220-2 or UAS platform through Inter-Switch Link (ISL) , and the satellite 220-2 or UAS platform may communicate with the gateway 230 having a connection with the data network 240 through a feeder link. If ISL is not available, the satellite 220 or UAS platform may communicate with the gateway 230 having a connection with a data network 240 through a feeder link. In this scenario, the satellite 220-1 and 220-2 (or UAS platform) may perform RF filtering, frequency conversion and amplification, demodulation / decoding, switch and / or routing, and coding / modulation which is effectively equivalent to having all or part of base station (for example, gNB) functions on the satellite or UAS platform. Based on the regenerative payload, the UE 210 may have a connection with the data network 240. The RTT in this case reflects the time for data to transmit from the UE 210 to the gNB (which is on the satellite or UAS platform) .
[0080] For 2G and 3G, the communication services are supported over the circuit-switched (CS) domain, where resources and the end-to-end path are reserved to establish communication which enables the quality of the communication to be guaranteed. The downside, however, is that the resources can be underutilized, and it is sometimes not possible to communicate with the parties whose calls have been established (i.e., the line is busy) .
[0081] For 4G and beyond, the communication services are supported over the Packet Switched (PS) domain. Packet-switched networks are what today's internet employs. Here, data is fragmented into various packets, where the packets can take different paths to reach the destination. Therefore, the packets may be received by the destination out of order, but all of the data ultimately reaches the destination. PS can use the resources of the network very efficiently but is limited in guaranteeing the quality of service.
[0082] Packet Switched (PS) domain came with the limitation that quality of service is more difficult to guarantee than CS domain. Supporting voice services over PS domain of 4G (and beyond) networks required due consideration. This is where IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) comes in. IMS is defined as (IMS textbook) "a global, access-independent and standard-based IP connectivity and service control architecture that enables various types of multimedia services to end-users using common Internet-based protocols. " and is able to provide carrier services over the PS domain data pipe.
[0083] FIG. 3 illustrates an example packetization time for VoLTE or VoNR. VoLTE and VoNR refer to the communication services provided by IMS networks over 4G and 5G networks respectively. Both utilize IMS as the service platform to support communication services. Note that it is also possible to provide communication services over other accesses (e.g. WLAN) or to provide different types of multimedia services using IMS.
[0084] As used herein, the term "VoIP Codecs" refers to a technology that determines the audio quality, bandwidth, and compression of Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) phone calls. The word codec is a portmanteau of two terms: Compression and Decompression. VoLTE uses Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR) and VoNR mainly uses Enhanced Voice Services (EVS) speech codecs. The packetization time is typically 20ms for VoLTE / VoNR. Table 2
[0085] The frequent arrival / transmission of VoIP packets means large control overhead for lower layers (L1 / L2) in the radio protocol stack. As used herein, the term "mean opinion score (MOS) " refers to a measure of voice quality.
[0086] Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) represents a novel cellular technology, introduced by Third Generation Partnership Program (3GPP) in LTE Release 13. The definition of NB-IoT encompasses a variety of key characteristics, including superb coverage, a large number of connections, low power consumption, and low cost. These characteristics render NB-IoT an optimal choice for application scenarios that necessitate extensive coverage and a substantial number of device connections, including smart water metering, smart electricity metering, and environmental monitoring. From a technical specification standpoint, NB-IoT is founded upon E-UTRAN (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network) and is compatible with a half-duplex operational mode. Furthermore, NB-IoT incorporates low-power "sleep" modes (PSM, eDRX) , which streamline terminal design and reduce communication quality requirements. Subsequent releases of 3GPP have further enhanced the capabilities of NB-IoT. As an illustration, in Release 14, the user experience was augmented with the introduction of features such as enhanced positioning accuracy and elevated peak data rates. Furthermore, in Releases 16 and 17, several additional features were introduced to enhance the performance and efficiency of NB-IoT. These include the enhancement of Early Data Transmission (EDT) for mobile terminals, UE group wake-up signals (GWUS) , and Preconfigured Uplink Resource (PUR) transmission. In Release 17, the technology was further extended through the combination with non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) , thereby enhancing its coverage.
[0087] For NB-IoT, only type-B half-duplex FDD operation is supported. In this type of operation, guard periods (GP) , each referred to as a half-duplex guard subframe, are created by the UE by not receiving a downlink subframe immediately preceding an uplink subframe from the same UE and not receiving a downlink subframe immediately following an uplink subframe from the same UE. Thus, due to large round-trip time (RTT) and UL voice transmission, the UE might miss the DL voice data or any network indication. In view of the above, Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (HARQ) is not possible for Voice under a satellite, especially GEO, coverage / reliability is an issue. Larger RTT leads to impossible to configure UL and DL in time, and either UL or DL voice will be dropped.
[0088] For latency and overhead reduction, pre-configured uplink resources (PURs) represent a pivotal component of NB-IoT, enabling the UE to pre-configure uplink resources. This approach effectively reduces signaling overhead and enhances transmission efficiency. For example, npusch-MCS defines the modulation and TBS index of the NPUSCH, while npusch-NumRepetitionsIndex defines the number of repetitions of the NPUSCH. NB-IoT UEs are capable of transmitting and retransmitting data via PUR, which serves to reduce power consumption and latency. The System Information Block (SystemInformationBlockType2-NB) contains configuration data pertaining to PUR, including CP-PUR-EPC and UP-PUR-EPC.
[0089] PUR represents a pivotal component of NB-IoT, enabling the user equipment (UE) to pre-configure uplink resources. This approach effectively reduces signaling overhead and enhances transmission efficiency. For example, npusch-Modulation and coding scheme (MCS) defines the modulation and TBS index of the Narrowband Physical Uplink Shared Channel (NPUSCH) , while npusch-NumRepetitionsIndex defines the number of repetitions of the NPUSCH. NB-IoT UEs are capable of transmitting and retransmitting data via PUR, which serves to reduce power consumption and latency. The System Information Block (SystemInformationBlockType2-NB) contains configuration data pertaining to PUR, including control plane (CP) -PUR-Evolved Packet Core (EPC) and user plane (UP) -PUR-EPC.
[0090] Specific steps for NB-IoT PUR configuration include Configuration Request, eNB Response, PUR Configuration Parameters, PDU size setting, and Pusch Resource Management.
[0091] At the step of Configuration Request, when the user equipment (UE) is in radio resource control (RRC) connected mode and power control (PUR) is enabled, it is capable of transmitting a PURConfigurationRequest message to the (ng-) eNB, thereby indicating its desire to be configured for PUR.
[0092] At the step of eNB Response, upon receipt of a PUR configuration request from a UE, the (ng-) eNB determines whether to allocate PUR resources to the UE or to release the existing PUR resources. This decision is based on an assessment of previous UE requests, subscription information, and / or local policies. In the event that the eNB elects to furnish the UE with PUR resources, the eNB will incorporate the pertinent PUR configuration details or PUR release instructions within the RRCConnectionRelease message.
[0093] At the step of PUR Configuration Parameters, the PUR Configuration Information element (PUR-Config) is utilized to delineate a multitude of parameters and options pertaining to the PUR, including periodicity and offset, start SFN, subframe information, number of occurrences, time alignment timer, and so forth. In addition, the configuration parameters related to MPDCCH, PDSCH, and PUCCH are included.
[0094] At the step of PDU size setting, in the NB-IoT system, when the UE is connected to the 5GC, it is necessary to determine the size of the MAC PDU according to different transmission modes (CP or UP) and PUR configurations. This is due to the fact that the PDU size setting is dependent on the transmission mode and PUR configuration. This entails setting the L1-ACK to TRUE or FALSE to ascertain whether RRC messages are to be employed to acknowledge the reception of PUR transmissions.
[0095] At the step of Pusch Resource Management, in the connected or inactive state, the UE is responsible for the management and release of PUSCH resources, as indicated in the RRC message. The PUR can be implicitly released in the event of the UE visiting another cell, the PUR having been disabled in that cell, or the number of consecutive instances of the PUR resource remaining unused reaching the configured threshold.
[0096] For latency and overhead reduction, Semi-Persistent Scheduling (SPS) is a scheduling mechanism used in wireless communication systems, specifically in Long-Term Evolution (LTE) and 5G networks. SPS is designed to efficiently allocate radio resources and reduce signaling overhead for applications that require periodic and predictable transmission, such as voice and video streaming.
[0097] Scheduling is a mechanism where UE requests eNB for the resource allocation during each transmission time interval (TTI) . If UE has some data that it needs to transmit continuously, it will request eNB every TTI for the resource allocation. This scheduling type is dynamic scheduling. The advantage of dynamic scheduling is flexibility and diversity of resource allocation but as mentioned, this results in huge L1 / L2 load which in turn means inefficient use of scarce radio resources.
[0098] In case of semi persistent scheduling, eNB can assign predefined chunks of radio resources for VoIP users with intervals of 20ms. Therefore, UE is not required to request resources each TTI, saving control plan overhead. This scheduling is semi-persistent in the sense that eNB can change the resource allocation type or location if required for link adaptation or other factors.
[0099] FIG. 4A illustrates an example frame structure for 15 kHz SCS, and FIG. 4B illustrates an example frame structure for 3.75 kHz SCS. For SCS, in FIG. 4A, DL / UL supports 15kHz. One hyperframe Cycle = 1024 hyperframes. One hyperframe = 1024 frames. One frame = 10 subframes. One subframe = 2 slots. One slot duration = 0.5ms. In FIG. 4B, UL with 3.75kHz SCS. H-SFN stands for Hyper System Frame Number, SFN stands for System Frame Number and SN stands for Subframe Number. H-SFN, SFN and SN range from 0-1023, 0-1023 and 0-9 respectively.
[0100] FIG. 4C illustrates an example frame structure of resource element (RE) and physical resource block (PRB) . In the downlink, the concept of PRBs is used to specify the mapping of physical channels / signals onto REs. As shown, an RE is used as the smallest physical channel unit. An RE is identified by its index, i.e., subcarrier index (k) and symbol index (l) within a PRB. A PRB spans 12 subcarriers over 7 OFDM symbols with a total of 12 x 7 (i.e., 84) REs. One PRB pair is used as the smallest schedulable unit in most downlink cases, which occupies two consecutive slots (equals to 1ms) .
[0101] For NB-IoT Down Link Frame Structure, System Bandwidth is always 180 kHz. The number of RB within a system bandwidth is always 1. NPSS and NSSS are located in different subframes (whereas PSS, SSS in legacy LTE are located in same subframes) . NPSS is transmitted in every radio frame, but NSSS is transmitted in every two radio frames (in even frame) (whereas both PSS and SSS are transmitted in every radio frame) .
[0102] For NPUSH with SCS 15 kHz, there are 20 slots per frame and 12 subcarriers. The slot duration is 15360 Ts = 0.5ms. For NPUSH with SCS 3.75 kHz, there are 5 slots per frame and 48 subcarriers. The slot duration is 61440 Ts =2ms. RUs are used to describe the mapping of the NPUSCH to resource elements, defined as SC-FDMA symbols in the time domain and consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. NPUSCH format 1is used to carry the UL-SCH. NPUSCH format 2 is used to carry uplink control information.
[0103] A resource unit, schedulable for single-tone NPUSCH with UL-SCH transmission, is defined as a single 3.75 kHz sub-carrier for 32ms or a single 15 kHz sub-carrier for 8ms. A resource unit, schedulable for multi-tone NPUSCH with UL-SCH transmission is defined as 3 sub-carriers for 4ms; or 6 sub-carriers for 2ms; or 12 sub-carriers for 1ms. A resource unit, schedulable for NPUSCH with ACK / NAK transmission, is defined as a single 3.75 kHz sub-carrier for 8ms or a single 15 kHz sub-carrier for 2ms. A UL-SCH transport block can be scheduled for over one or more than one RU in time.
[0104] The Orthogonal Cover Code (OCC) is a coding technique used in wireless communication systems to mitigate interference and improve overall system performance. OCC is particularly effective in scenarios where multiple UEs or devices are transmitted simultaneously, such as in cellular networks or wireless local area networks (WLANs) . Thus, OCC is a Code Domain Multiplexing (CDM) technique. In OCC, there may be two types of basic operations: spreading of the modulation symbols and multiplexing of the orthogonal codes.
[0105] In coding theory, orthogonal codes refer to sets of binary sequences that have desirable properties. These codes have the property that their inner product is zero, except when two identical sequences are multiplied together, in which case the inner product is equal to the length of the sequence.
[0106] FIG. 5 illustrates different schemes for applying orthogonal codes. A scheme in which the OCC is applied in time domain (TD) is referred to as TD-CDM. A scheme in which the OCC is applied in frequency domain (FD) is referred to as FD-CDM, for example, the pattern shown as “FD-CDM2” in FIG. 5. A scheme in which the OCC is applied in both TD and FD is referred to as FD-TD-CDM, for example the pattern shown as “FD2-TD2-CDM4” in FIG. 5 and the pattern shown as “FD2-TD4-CDM8” in FIG. 5.
[0107] FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B shows example schemes of time domain OCC for NPUSCH . FIG. 6A shows example symbol level OCC with each unit with a symbol number < 4, not constrained to 1. FIG. 6B shows example symbol level OCC (without demodulation reference signal (DRMS) S0~S5, else S0-S6) .
[0108] The NPUSCH transmission includes scrambling, modulation, layer mapping, transform precoding, precoding, and mapping to physical resource.
[0109] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a solution for multiple voice packet stream transmission. In the solution, a terminal device obtains a plurality of packets from an IMS corresponding to a plurality of time durations respectively. A packet of the plurality of packets is generated within a corresponding time duration. For each packet of the plurality of packets, the terminal device applies a codeword of a plurality of codewords to the packet to generate a plurality of uplink channel signals. The plurality of codewords is orthogonal to each other. The terminal device transmits, to a network device, the plurality of uplink channel signals by using one or more resources in time and frequency domain.
[0110] The above solution is proposed so that multiple IMS packets generated from different timelines can be put in a single SPS NPUSCH, and different NPUSCHs can be multiplexed with OCC to ensure they can be transmitted in the same time-frequency resource. In this way, the legacy RU definition can work for IMS service under SCS 3.75 kHz, and the voice coverage or reliability issues due to unsuitable HARQ, no spatial diversity, limited bandwidth and limited link budget under a satellite, especially GEO, can be solved.
[0111] The proposed solution is applicable for any suitable data from the IMS, for example voice data. In the following, some embodiments may be described with reference to voice data as an example of IMS data. It is noted that the embodiments are also applicable to other types of data from the IMS.
[0112] Reference is made to FIG. 7, which illustrates a signaling flow 700 for IMS packet transmission in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purposes of discussion, the signaling flow 700 will be discussed with reference to FIG. 1, for example, by using the terminal device 110 and the network device 120.
[0113] The terminal device 110 obtains 702 a plurality of packets from an IMS corresponding to a plurality of time durations, respectively. A packet of the plurality of packets is generated within a corresponding time duration.
[0114] For each packet of the plurality of packets, the terminal device 110 applies 704 a codeword of a plurality of codewords to the packet to generate a plurality of uplink channel signals. The plurality of codewords is orthogonal to each other.
[0115] After applying the plurality of codewords to the plurality of packets, the terminal device 110 transmits, to the network device 120, the plurality of uplink channel signals by using one or more resources in time and frequency domain.
[0116] In some example embodiments, after applying the plurality of codewords to the plurality of packets respectively to generate the plurality of uplink channel signals, the terminal device 110 may perform subsequent operations (e.g., modulation) on the plurality of uplink channel signals to further generate a signal for transmitting to the network device 120. At this point, the terminal device 110 transmits 706 the signal to the network device 120.
[0117] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine one of the following parameters based on others of the following parameters: a number of RUs within which transmission of a packet from the IMS is repeated, a multiplex level for packet transmission, and a time length of each of the plurality of time durations. As an example, the terminal device 110 may determine the number of RUs based on the multiplex level and the time length. There may be multiple combinations of these parameters, and the frame structure and transmission power corresponding to the uplink channel signal may be different. Details will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 to 12E.
[0118] Each packet may be repeatedly transmitted within the number of RUs. The multiplex level may be referred to as OCC length, which indicates the number of codewords. For example, if OCC length is 2, the plurality of codewords include 2 codewords. For another example, if OCC length is 4, the plurality of codewords include 4 codewords. The time length may be referred to as voice packetization duration, e.g., 20ms, 40ms, and multiple of 20ms.
[0119] The network device 120 receives 708 the signal on the one or more resources in the time and frequency domain. The network device 120 applies 710 the plurality of codewords to the received signal to obtain a plurality of demultiplexed signals. The plurality of codewords is orthogonal to each other. Further, the network device 120 decodes 712 the plurality of packets from the IMS corresponding to the plurality of time durations, respectively.
[0120] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may transmit capability information to the network device 120. The capability information may indicate that the terminal device 110 supports multiplexed transmission of different packets from the IMS. For example, for a terminal device 110 to support OCC 2 transmission with two different NPUSCH streams or processes, the terminal device 110 might reuse twoHARQ-Processes, npusch-MultiTB or a new twoNPUSCH-Process (twoStreams-Process, twoPackets-Process) capability, fourNPUSCH-Process (fourStreams-Process, fourPackets-Process) capability to report to the network device 120. The network device 120 might configure the OCC 2 transmission with two different NPUSCH streams or processes by twoHARQ-ProcessesConfig or twoNPUSCH-ProcessConfig or twoStreams-ProcessConfig or twoPackets-ProcessConfig, and SPS-Config (list) . The network device 120 might configure the OCC-4 transmission with four different NPUSCH streams or processes by fourNPUSCH-ProcessConfig or fourNPUSCH-ProcessConfig or fourStreams-ProcessConfig or fourPackets-ProcessConfig.
[0121] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may receive configuration information from the network device 120. The configuration information is used for multiplexed transmissions of different packets from the IMS. For example, the configuration information may include the number of RUs within which transmission of a packet from the IMS is repeated, the multiplex level for packet transmission, and the time length of each of the plurality of time durations. The configuration information may further include one or more parameters, which is not limited in the present disclosure.
[0122] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may receive control information from the network device 120. The control information may indicate a change in a configuration associated with the plurality of codewords. For example, in case that RRC provides the configurations, the change may be related to occ-Index (which refers to the index of a OCC code word) and / or occ-length (which refers to the length of the OCC code word / OCC sequence) . These changes can be explicitly or implicitly indicated by the modification of SPS-configurations or PUR configurations or other similar configurations which periodically scheduling NPUSCH and / or NPDSCH transmission.
[0123] In some example embodiments, the change may be indicated by a field for a redundancy version. Alternatively, or additionally, the change may be indicated by a field for Hybrid Automatic Repeat request process. Alternatively, or additionally, the change may be indicated by a field for resource reservation. For example, the network device 120 may use DCI format N0 scrambled by RA-RNTI, C-RNTI or SPS-RNTI to indicate the OCC configuration. The corresponding indication field may be the redundancy version –1 bit, HARQ process number –1 bit, and / or resource reservation –1 bit. By reusing the combination of the above fields or other fields not necessary for scheduling NPUSCH transmitting NB-IoT voice to indicate the OCC-length, OCC-Index (or the Starting OCC-Index) and etc related to the UL-SPSconfiguration or DL-SPSconfiguration or PUR configurations or other similar configurations which periodically schedulling NPUSCH and / or NPDSCH transmission.
[0124] The above has described the signaling flow 700 for IMS packet transmission. The following will describe the details related to the parameters and frame structures with reference to FIGS. 8 to 12E.
[0125] FIG. 8 illustrates an example frame structure 800 of voice packetization and transmission in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. At the terminal device 110, during each voice packetization duration, the voice codec would generate one new voice packet. Due to the limited link budget, the voice packet requires more transmission time to meet the decoding reliability requirement. Each voice packet multiplies its own OCC codeword (sequence) . Multiple voice packets multiplexed with each other and are transmitted in the same time-frequency resource. As shown, each packet may be transmitted within durations of two or more RUs. In other words, transmission repetitions for a packet are performed within a duration of a plurality of RUs. Any overlapped data packets are orthogonal to each other in the code domain. The signal would be transmitted to the network device 120. It should be noted that for the transmission symbol / slot / subframe with multi-layers, the signal amplitude would be scaled by where L is the stream / process / layer number. Details will be described below with reference to specific examples.
[0126] At the network device 120, each voice packet distinguishes itself by the unique OCC codeword (sequence) . Each voice packet is demultiplexed by using the corresponding OCC codeword (sequence) and then decoded from the receiver of the network device 120.
[0127] The example of FIG. 8 is an overall description of voice packetization and transmission. The following will introduce more examples of voice packetization and transmission with different parameters and frame structures.
[0128] In some example embodiments, a time length corresponding to a RU may be larger than a predetermined time length, e.g., 20ms. FIG. 9 illustrates an example frame structure 900 of voice packetization and transmission in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The frame structure 900 includes multiple frames 904, and each frame 904 occupies 10ms. The frame 904 includes 5 slots 902, and each slot 902 occupies 2ms. The frame structure 900 involves parameters including SCS 3.75 kHz, 1 RU includes 16 slots and lasts 32ms, which is larger than 3 frames and longer than 20ms packetization duration.
[0129] At the terminal device 110, in every voice packetization duration, the voice codec (upper layer) generates one new data packet to PHY. In every voice packetization duration, a new NPUSCH process would transmit the corresponding data packet by network configuration (SPS configuration, pre-configuration, PUR, etc. ) . Each voice packet multiplies its own OCC codeword (sequence) . The OCC operation can be either slot-level or symbol-level. Multiple NPUSCH codewords carrying different data packets multiplexed with each other when they are overlapped with each other in the same time-frequency resource. Any overlapped data packets are orthogonal to each other in the code domain. As shown in FIG. 9, each packet may be transmitted within durations of two RUs. In other words, transmission repetitions for a packet are performed within a duration of two RUs.
[0130] At the network device 120, each voice packet distinguishes itself by the unique OCC codeword (sequence) . Each voice packet is demultiplexed by using the corresponding OCC codeword (sequence) and then decoded from the receiver of the network device 120.
[0131] In some example embodiments, the time length (e.g., 20ms) for each time duration may be smaller than a time length (e.g., 32ms) corresponding to a RU. The multiplex level for packet transmission may be a first level, e.g., OCC 4. Transmission of an uplink channel signal of the plurality of uplink channel signals may be repeated within a first number (e.g., 2) of RUs. The first number may be smaller than the first level. For example, 2 (RUs) is smaller than 4 (OCC) . FIGS. 10A to 10D illustrate example frame structures 1000A to 1000D of voice packetization and transmission in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure, which will be specifically described in detail below.
[0132] The frame structure 1000A involves parameters including SCS 3.75 kHz, 1 RU includes 16 slots and lasts 32ms, which is larger than 3 frames and longer than 20ms packetization duration. As shown in FIG. 10A, at the terminal device 110, in each 20ms, the voice codec would generate one new voice packet. Due to the limited link budget, the voice packet requires more transmission time to meet the decoding reliability requirement. Each voice packet multiplies its own OCC codeword (sequence) . Multiple voice packets multiplexed with each other and are transmitted in the same time-frequency resource. Any overlapped data packets are orthogonal to each other in the code domain.
[0133] With OCC length 4, 4 OCC codewords (sequences) are orthogonal to each other. Thus, each NPUSCH could repeat within 2 RUs, at most. Otherwise, there would be 5 different packets transmitted simultaneously, and the receiver could not demultiplex them without proper orthogonal properties. As shown in FIG. 10A, each packet may be transmitted within durations of two RUs. In other words, transmission repetitions for a packet are performed within a duration of two RUs.
[0134] For the transmission symbol / slot / subframe with multi-layers, the signal amplitude would be scaled by where L is the stream / process / layer number. As shown in FIG. 10A, at Block 1002, 0th packet is overlapped with 1st packet, and the signal amplitude would be scaled by i.e., 1.4142. At Block 1004, 0th packet and 1st packet are overlapped with 2nd packet, and the signal amplitude would be scaled by i.e. 1.73205. At Block 1006, 0th packet, 1st packet, and 2nd packet are overlapped with 3rd packet, and the signal amplitude would be scaled by i.e., 2. At Block 1008, 1st packet and 2nd packet are overlapped with 3rd packet, and the signal amplitude would be scaled by i.e. 1.73205.
[0135] In some example embodiments, the termina device 110 may adapt at least one of a coding parameter, a modulation parameter or a TBS determination parameter based on the first level and a number of symbols within the first number of RUs. For example, each symbol within the scheduled RUs has to be repeated 4 times to multiplex with the OCC Codeword (sequence) . Thus, there would be a rate-matching operation / TBS scaling / MCS determination to fit the voice data packet into the scheduled RUs. Scheduling with 3 RUs would have better performance than 2 RUs, due to better coding gain.
[0136] In some example embodiments, the multiplex level for packet transmission may be a second level (e.g., OCC 2) . The transmission of an uplink channel signal of the plurality of uplink channel signals may be repeated within a second number of RUs (represented as X RUs) . The time length of each of the plurality of time durations may be the second number multiple a predetermined time length (e.g., 20ms) .
[0137] As shown in FIG. 10C, at the terminal device 110, during each voice packetization duration, the voice codec would generate one new voice packet. Due to the limited link budget, the voice packet requires more transmission time to meet the decoding reliability requirement. Each voice packet multiplies its own OCC codeword (sequence) . Multiple voice packets multiplexed with each other and are transmitted in the same time-frequency resource.
[0138] To meet the coverage enhancement, multiple RUs have to be scheduled for each NPUSCH to realize repetition and / or OCC multiplexing. With OCC length 2, 2 OCC codewords (sequences) are orthogonal to each other. Thus, each NPUSCH could be repeated within X RUs. To prevent more than 2 packets from overlapping with each other, the packetization duration is X*20ms (e.g., X = 2, 3, 4, 5) . Any overlapped data packets are orthogonal to each other in the code domain. In this case, each packet may be transmitted within durations of X RUs. In other words, transmission repetitions for a packet are performed within a duration of X RUs.
[0139] For the transmission symbol / slot / subframe with multi-layers, the signal amplitude would be scaled by where L is the stream / process / layer number. As shown in FIG. 10C, at Block 1020, 0th packet is overlapped with 1st packet, and the signal amplitude would be scaled by i.e., 1.4142. At Block 1022, no packet is overlapped, and the signal amplitude would not be scaled. At Block 1024, 1st packet is overlapped with 2nd packet, and the signal amplitude would be scaled by i.e., 1.4142.
[0140] At the network device 120, each voice packet distinguishes itself by the unique OCC codeword (sequence) . Each voice packet is demultiplexed by using the corresponding OCC codeword (sequence) and then decoded from the receiver of the network device 120.
[0141] In some example embodiments, the second number X may have a value of 2. That is, the example of FIG. 10B is a particular case of the example of FIG. 10C. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 10B, at the terminal device 110, during each voice packetization duration, the voice codec would generate one new voice packet. Due to the limited link budget, the voice packet requires more transmission time to meet the decoding reliability requirement. Each voice packet multiplies its own OCC codeword (sequence) . Multiple voice packets multiplexed with each other and are transmitted in the same time-frequency resource.
[0142] To meet the coverage enhancement, multiple RUs have to be scheduled for each NPUSCH to realize repetition and / or OCC multiplexing. With OCC length 2, 2 OCC codewords (sequences) are orthogonal to each other. Thus, each NPUSCH could repeat with 2 RUs, at least. To prevent more than 2 packets from overlapping with each other, the packetization duration should be at least 40ms (n*20ms, n>=2) . Any overlapped data packets are orthogonal to each other in the code domain. As shown in FIG. 10B, each packet may be transmitted within durations of two RUs. In other words, transmission repetitions for a packet are performed within a duration of two RUs.
[0143] For the transmission symbol / slot / subframe with multi-layers, the signal amplitude would be scaled by where L is the stream / process / layer number. As shown in FIG. 10B, at Block 1010, 0th packet is overlapped with 1st packet, and the signal amplitude would be scaled by i.e., 1.4142. At Block 1012, no packet is overlapped, and the signal amplitude would not be scaled. At Block 1014, a part of 0th packet and a part of 1st packet are overlapped with 2nd packet, and the signal amplitude would be scaled by i.e., 1.4142. At Block 1016, no packet is overlapped, and the signal amplitude would not be scaled.
[0144] At the network device 120, each voice packet distinguishes itself by the unique OCC codeword (sequence) . Each voice packet is demultiplexed by using the corresponding OCC codeword (sequence) and then decoded from the receiver of the network device 120.
[0145] In some example embodiments, the time length of each of the plurality of time durations may be larger than a time length corresponding to a RU. For example, the time length of each time duration is 40ms, the time length corresponding to a RU is 32ms, and the time length of each time duration is larger than the time length corresponding to a RU. The multiplex level for packet transmission may be a first level (e.g., OCC 4) . The transmission of an uplink channel signal of the plurality of uplink channel signals may be repeated within a third number (e.g., 4 or 5) of RUs. The third number may be equal to or larger than the first level.
[0146] As shown in FIG. 10D, at the terminal device 110, during each voice packetization duration, the voice codec would generate one new voice packet. Due to the limited link budget, the voice packet requires more transmission time to meet the decoding reliability requirement. Each voice packet multiplies its own OCC codeword (sequence) . Multiple voice packets multiplexed with each other and are transmitted in the same time-frequency resource. To meet the coverage enhancement, multiple RUs have to be scheduled for each NPUSCH to realize repetition and / or OCC multiplexing.
[0147] In some example embodiments, the third number may be larger than the first level, and the terminal device 110 may adapt at least one of a coding parameter, a modulation parameter or a TBS determination parameter based on the first level and a number of symbols within the third number of RUs. For example, with OCC length 4, 4 OCC codewords (sequences) are orthogonal to each other. If NPUSCH is configured to repeat with 5 RUs, rate matching operation or TBS scaling or MCS determination is required, as each symbol would be repeated or spread 4 times to multiplex with the OCC Codeword (sequence) . Repetition within 5 RUs would provide better coverage or reliability but require an extra rate matching operation or MCS modification. As shown in FIG. 10D, each packet may be transmitted within durations of 5 RUs. In other words, transmission repetitions for a packet are performed within a duration of 5 RUs.
[0148] If NPUSCH is configured to repeat with 4 RUs, there is no need for extra rate matching operation or TBS scaling or MCS determination, compared to a general NPUSCH transmission. However, the coverage or reliability is not fully exploited. To prevent more than 4 packets from overlapping with each other, the packetization duration is 40ms.
[0149] Note that for the overlapped packets, each packet uses a different OCC code word (OCC-index) . The code word choice might depend on network indication or predefined rotation order from the starting OCC-index. Any overlapped data packets are orthogonal to each other in the code domain.
[0150] For the transmission symbol / slot / subframe with multi-layers, the signal amplitude would be scaled by where L is the stream / process / layer number. As shown in FIG. 10D, at Block 1026, 0th packet is overlapped with 1st packet, and the signal amplitude would be scaled by i.e., 1.4142. At Block 1028, 0th packet and 1st packet are overlapped with 2nd packet, and the signal amplitude would be scaled by i.e. 1.73205. At Block 1030, 0th packet, 1st packet, and 2nd packet are overlapped with 3rd packet, and the signal amplitude would be scaled by i.e., 2.
[0151] According to the examples of FIGS. 9 to 10D, if it is determined that a value of a multiplex level for packet transmission is not equal to a value of a number of RUs within which transmission of a packet from the IMS is repeated, the terminal device 110 may adapt at least one of a coding parameter, a modulation parameter or a TBS determination parameter based on the multiplex level and a number of symbols within the RUs.
[0152] In some example embodiments, a time length corresponding to a RU may be smaller than a predetermined time length, and an uplink channel signal of the plurality of uplink channel signals may be transmitted a plurality of times within a plurality of RUs. FIG. 11 illustrates an example frame structure 1100 of voice packetization and transmission in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The frame structure 1100 includes multiple frames 1104, and each frame 1104 occupies 10ms. The frame 1104 includes 10 subframes 1102, and each subframe 1102 occupies 1ms. The frame structure 1100 involves parameters including SCS 15 kHz, 1 RU includes 16 slots and lasts 8ms. It is noted that the example frame structure 110 is a general case and has no particular packetization duration, OCC-length, or repetition number.
[0153] For the terminal device 110, an NPUSCH transmitted with SCS 15 kHz has a worse link budget than an NPUSCH transmitted with SCS 3.75 kHz. To meet coverage and reliability requirements, the NPUSCH must be retransmitted multiple times and the duration would be several times 8ms. The voice codec continuously generates a new voice packet during each packetization interval. E. g. To achieve the same coverage capability / reliability, an NPUSCH with 15 kHz SCS has to occupy 4 times the RUs as an NPUSCH with 3.75 kHz. As a result, one NPUSCH carrying a previous voice packet may overlap with another NPUSCH that carries a new voice packet.
[0154] At the terminal device 100, in every voice packetization duration, the voice codec (upper layer) generates one new data packet to PHY. In every voice packetization duration, a new NPUSCH process would transmit the corresponding data packet by network configuration (e.g. SPS configuration, UL pre-configuration, PUR, etc. ) . Each NPUSCH codeword carrying one voice packet would be retransmitted several times within several RUs. Each voice packet multiplies its own OCC codeword (sequence) . The OCC operation can be either slot-level or symbol-level. Multiple NPUSCHs carrying different data packets multiplexed with each other when they are overlapped with each other in the same time-frequency resource. Any overlapped data packets are orthogonal to each other in the code domain. As shown, each packet may be transmitted within durations of two or more RUs. In other words, transmission repetitions for a packet are performed within a duration of multiple RUs.
[0155] At the network device 120, each voice packet distinguishes itself by the unique OCC codeword (sequence) . Each voice packet is demultiplexed by using the corresponding OCC codeword (sequence) and then decoded from the receiver of the network device 120.
[0156] In some example embodiments, the time length of each time duration may be the predetermined time length (e.g., 20ms) . The multiplex level for packet transmission is a second level (e.g., OCC 2) . The uplink channel signal may be transmitted a fourth number of times within a fifth number of RUs, e.g., 4 times within 4 RUs, or 4 times within 5 RUs. The fourth number is an integer multiple of the second level, and the fifth number is equal to or larger than the fourth number. FIGS. 12A to 12E illustrate example frame structures 1200A to 1200E of voice packetization and transmission in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure, which will be specifically described in detail below.
[0157] The frame structures 1200A and 1200B involves the parameter including OCC length 2. There are two orthogonal codewords (sequences) . Thus, at most two NPUSCHs could overlap with each other. At the terminal device 110, if it is configured with a 20ms voice packetization duration, the voice codec (upper layer) generates one new data packet to PHY every 20ms. In every 20ms, a new NPUSCH process would transmit the corresponding data packet by network configuration (SPS configuration, pre-configuration, PUR, etc. ) .
[0158] In some examples, each NPUSCH, carrying one voice packet, would be retransmitted 4 times within 4 RUs. The coverage would be no better than 3.75 kHz for better power. Each NPUSCH would apply its own OCC codeword with the repetitive transmission. As shown in FIG. 12A, each packet may be transmitted within durations of 4 RUs. In other words, transmission repetitions for a packet are performed within a duration of 4 RUs.
[0159] In some example embodiments, the fifth number is larger than the fourth number by one. For example, the uplink channel signal is transmitted 4 times within 5 RUs. Specifically, each NPUSCH, carrying one voice packet, would be retransmitted 4 times within 5 RUs. The coverage would be better or comparable to NPUSCH 3.75 kHz without repetitive transmission. As shown in FIG. 12B, each packet may be transmitted within durations of 5 RUs. In other words, transmission repetitions for a packet are performed within a duration of 5 RUs.
[0160] Each voice packet multiplies its own OCC codeword (sequence) . The OCC operation can be either slot-level or symbol-level. Multiple NPUSCH codewords carrying different data packets multiplexed with each other when they are overlapped with each other in the same Time-Frequency resource. Any overlapped data packets are orthogonal to each other in the code domain.
[0161] At the network device 120, each voice packet distinguishes itself by the unique OCC codeword (sequence) . Each voice packet is demultiplexed by using the corresponding OCC codeword (sequence) and then decoded from the receiver of the network device 120.
[0162] In some example embodiments, the time length (e.g., 40ms) of each time duration may be an integer multiple of the predetermined time length (e.g., 20ms) . For example, 40ms is 2 times 20ms. The multiplex level for packet transmission may be a second level. The uplink channel signal may be transmitted a sixth number of times within the sixth number of RUs, and the six number is an integer multiple of the second level.
[0163] As shown in FIG. 12C, the frame structure 1200C involves the parameter including OCC length 2. There are two orthogonal codewords (sequences) . Thus, at most two NPUSCHs could overlap with each other.
[0164] At the terminal device 110, if configured with a 40ms voice packetization duration to improve coverage, the voice codec (upper layer) generates one new data packet to PHY every 40ms. In every 40ms, a new NPUSCH process would transmit the corresponding data packet by network configuration (SPS configuration, pre-configuration, PUR, etc. ) . Each NPUSCH, carrying one voice packet would be retransmitted 10 times within 10 RUs in 80ms. In some cases, each NPUSCH would apply its own OCC codeword with the repetitive transmission. As shown in FIG. 12C, each packet may be transmitted within durations of 10 RUs. In other words, transmission repetitions for a packet are performed within a duration of 10 RUs.
[0165] During the repetitive transmission within the duration of 10RUs, the OCC would be applied accordingly, and additional rate matching or TBS scaling or MCS modification is not required. Each voice packet multiplies its own OCC codeword (sequence) . The OCC operation can be either slot-level or symbol-level. Multiple NPUSCHs carrying different data packets multiplexed with each other when they are overlapped with each other in the same Time-Frequency resource. Any overlapped data packets are orthogonal to each other in the code domain.
[0166] At the network device 120, each voice packet distinguishes itself by the unique OCC codeword (sequence) . Each voice packet is demultiplexed by using the corresponding OCC codeword (sequence) and then decoded from the receiver of the network device 120.
[0167] In some example embodiments, the time length of each time duration may be the predetermined time length. The multiplex level for packet transmission may be a first level (e.g., OCC 4) . The uplink channel signal may be transmitted a seventh number of times within an eighth number of RUs, e.g., 8 times within 8 RUs, or 8 times within 10 RUs. The seventh number may be an integer multiple of the first level, and the eighth number may be equal to or larger than the seventh number.
[0168] As shown in FIG. 12D, the frame structure 1200D involves the parameter including OCC length 4. There are four orthogonal codewords (sequences) . Thus, at most 4 NPUSCHs could overlap with each other.
[0169] At the terminal device 110, if it is configured with a 20ms voice packetization duration, the voice codec (upper layer) generates one new data packet to PHY every 20ms. In every 20ms, a new NPUSCH process would transmit the corresponding data packet by network configuration (SPS configuration, pre-configuration, PUR, etc. ) .
[0170] In some examples, each NPUSCH, carrying one voice packet, would be retransmitted 8 times within 8 RUs for better power. Each NPUSCH would apply its own OCC codeword with the repetitive transmission.
[0171] In some example embodiments, the eighth number may be larger than the seventh number by two. For example, the uplink channel signal is transmitted 8 times within 10 RUs. Specifically, each NPUSCH, carrying one voice packet, would be retransmitted 8 times within 10 RUs. Each symbol of the NPUSCH would be retransmitted 4 or 8 times within 10 RUs, where the OCC would be applied accordingly and additional rate matching or TBS scaling or MCS modification would be applied. As shown in FIG. 12D, each packet may be transmitted within durations of 10 RUs. In other words, transmission repetitions for a packet are performed within a duration of 10 RUs.
[0172] Each voice packet multiplies its own OCC codeword (sequence) . The OCC operation can be either slot-level or symbol-level. Multiple NPUSCHs carrying different data packets multiplexed with each other when they are overlapped with each other in the same time-frequency resource. Any overlapped data packets are orthogonal to each other in the code domain.
[0173] At the network device 120, each voice packet distinguishes itself by the unique OCC codeword (sequence) . Each voice packet is demultiplexed by using the corresponding OCC codeword (sequence) and then decoded from the receiver of the network device 120.
[0174] In some example embodiments, the time length (e.g., 40ms) of each time duration may be an integer multiple of the predetermined time length (e.g., 20ms) . The multiplex level for packet transmission may be a first level. The uplink channel signal may be transmitted a ninth number of times within the ninth number of RUs, and the ninth number may be an integer multiple of the first level.
[0175] As shown in FIG. 12E, the frame structure 1200E involves the parameter including OCC length 4. There are 4 orthogonal codewords (sequences) . Thus, at most 4 NPUSCHs could overlap with each other.
[0176] At the terminal device 110, if it is configured with a 40ms voice packetization duration to improve coverage, the voice codec (upper layer) generates one new data packet to PHY every 40ms. In every 40ms, a new NPUSCH process would transmit the corresponding data packet by network configuration (SPS configuration, pre-configuration, PUR, etc. ) .
[0177] In some examples, each NPUSCH, carrying one voice packet would be retransmitted 20 times within 20 RUs in 160ms. Each NPUSCH would apply its own OCC codeword with the repetitive transmission. During the repetitive transmissions within 20RUs, the OCC would be applied accordingly, and additional rate matching or TBS scaling or MCS modification is not required. As shown in FIG. 12E, each packet may be transmitted within durations of 20 RUs. In other words, transmission repetitions for a packet are performed within a duration of 20 RUs.
[0178] Each voice packet multiplies its own OCC codeword (sequence) . The OCC operation can be either slot-level or symbol-level. Multiple NPUSCHs carrying different data packets multiplexed with each other when they are overlapped with each other in the same time-frequency resource. Any overlapped data packets are orthogonal to each other in the code domain.
[0179] At the network device 120, each voice packet distinguishes itself by the unique OCC codeword (sequence) . Each voice packet is demultiplexed by using the corresponding OCC codeword (sequence) and then decoded from the receiver of the network device 120.
[0180] In view of the above, OCC is used to enable multiple voice packet stream transmission, e.g., in SCS 3.75kHz and in SCS 15kHz. UE capability and Higher Layer configuration to support the above feature and DCI indication on the above OCC configuration are further introduced. In this way, the legacy RU definition can work for voice service under SCS 3.75 kHz, and the voice coverage or reliability issues due to unsuitable HARQ, no spatial diversity, limited bandwidth and limited link budget under a satellite, especially GEO, can be solved.
[0181] The following will describe new resource configurations to enable multiple voice packet stream transmission with reference to FIGS. 13 to 14B. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a solution for new resource configurations. Particular subframe scheduling patterns (SPS patterns) are used to support IMS packet transmission via NPUSCH and NPDSCH. In the solution, a terminal device obtains allocation information from a network device. The allocation information is used for transmission of packets from an IMS on one or more carriers, and the allocation information includes a first number of subframes occupied by transmitting a packet once and a second number of repetition times for transmitting the packet. The terminal device decodes the packet from the network device on the one or more carriers based on the allocation information. In this way, the signaling of the SPS configuration and the delay of the voice transmission can be reduced.
[0182] Reference is made to FIG. 13, which illustrates a signaling flow 1300 for IMS packet transmission in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purposes of discussion, the signaling flow 1300 will be discussed with reference to FIG. 1, for example, by using the terminal device 110 and the network device 120.
[0183] The terminal device 110 obtains 1302 obtains 1302 allocation information from the network device 120. The allocation information is used for transmission of packets from an IMS on one or more carriers, and the allocation information includes a first number (represented as NSF) of subframes occupied by transmitting a packet once and a second number (represented as NRep) of repetition times for transmitting the packet.
[0184] Correspondingly, the network device 120 obtains 1304 the allocation information for the terminal device 110. The network device 120 transmits 1306 the packet to the first device 110.
[0185] The terminal device 110 receives 1308 the packet from the network device 120. Then, the terminal device 110 decodes 1310 the packet from the network device 120 on the one or more carriers based on the allocation information.
[0186] The repetition or subframe configuration may be applicable for NPDSCH SPS transmission on an anchor-carrier or on a non-anchor-carrier. The following will describe the detail with reference to specific examples.
[0187] In some example embodiments, the one or more carriers may include an anchor carrier, and combination of the first number and the second number may be based at least on subframes on the anchor carrier for at least one of synchronization, a broad cast information transmission, or an uplink transmission.
[0188] As an example, SIB, PBCH, NSSS, and NPSS transmissions are transmitted on the anchor carrier. SIB1 is on Subframe 4. At the network device 120, to reduce the latency of DL voice call transmission, the NPDSCH transmits the voice packets along with other broadcast signals (MIB, SIB1-NB, SIB31-NB, Paging) to the target terminal without a terminal response on the paging. The terminal device 110 would buffer the received DL signal on the anchor-carrier, and decode the NPBCH, SIB, NPDCCH, NPDSCH accordingly. Then, the terminal might switch to non-anchor-carrier to continue receiving the NPDSCH as indicated by the network device 120.
[0189] FIG. 14A illustrates a schematic diagram of an example frame structure 1400A in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The frame structure 1400A includes 20 subframes. In some examples, a generation duration of the packet may be equal to a time length of two frames. For example, the frame structure 1400A includes an even frame and an odd frame. The even frame includes 10 subframes, where 0th subframe is used for NPBCH and 5th subframe is used for NPSS. The odd frame includes 10 subframes, where 0th subframe is used for NPBCH, 5th subframe is used for NPSS, and the 9th subframe is used for NSSS. Thus, 15 subframes are left, which may be used for transmitting other information. Note that the network device 120 indicates that the voice packetization duration is 20ms.
[0190] In some example embodiments, based on that the two frames lack paging information and system information (e.g., for NPDSCH scheduling, if there is no SIB or Paging, the NSF *NRep = 15) , the first number NSF and the second number NRep may satisfy that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 15 (e.g., NSF=1, NRep= 15) . Alternatively, the first number NSF and the second number NRep may satisfy that the first number is equal to 3 and the second number is equal to 5 (e.g., NSF=3, NRep=5) . Alternatively, the first number NSF and the second number NRep may satisfy that the first number is equal to 5 and the second number is equal to 3 (e.g., NSF=5, NRep= 3) . Alternatively, the first number NSF and the second number NRep may satisfy that the first number is equal to 15 and the second number is equal to 1 (e.g., NSF=15, NRep= 1) .
[0191] In some example embodiments, based on that the two frames include system information block (SIB) 1, the first number and the second number may satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 14, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 7, that the first number is equal to 7 and the second number is equal to 2, or that the first number is equal to 14 and the second number is equal to 1. As an example, if there is SIB1, NSF *NRep may be equal to 14, e.g., the following combinations NSF=1, NRep = 14; NSF =2, NRep = 7; NSF =7, NRep = 2; NSF =14, NRep = 1.
[0192] In some example embodiments, based on that the two frames include paging information, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 13, or that the first number is equal to 13 and the second number is equal to 1. As an example, if there is paging (NPDCCH, NPDSCH) , NSF *NRep may be equal to 13, e.g., the following combinations NSF=1, NRep = 13; NSF =13, NRep = 1.
[0193] In some example embodiments, based on that the two frames include paging information and SIB1 or SIB31, the first number and the second number may satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 12, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 6, that the first number is equal to 4 and the second number is equal to 3, or that the first number is equal to 12 and the second number is equal to 1. As an example, if there is paging (NPDCCH, NPDSCH) and SIB1 / SIB31, NSF *NRep may be equal to 12, e.g., one of the following combinations may be applied: NSF=1, NRep = 12; NSF =2, NRep = 6; NSF =3, NRep = 4; NSF =4, NRep = 3; NSF =6, NRep = 2; NSF =12, NRep = 1.
[0194] In some example embodiments, based on that the two frames include paging information and SIB1 and SIB31, the first number and the second number may satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 11, that the first number is equal to 11 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 10, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 5. As an example, if there is paging (NPDCCH, NPDSCH) and SIB1 and SIB31, NSF *NRep may be equal to 11 or 10, e.g., one of the following combinations may be applied: NSF=1, NRep = 11; NSF =11, NRep = 1; NSF =10, NRep = 1; NSF =1, NRep = 10; NSF =2, NRep = 5; NSF =5, NRep = 2.
[0195] In some example embodiments, based on that the two frames include paging information and an SIB other that SIB1 and SIB31, the first number and the second number may satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 9, that the first number is equal to 9 and the second number is equal to 1, or that the first number is equal to 3 and the second number is equal to 3. As an example, there is paging (NPDCCH, NPDSCH) and other SIBs, NSF *NRep may be equal to 9, e.g., one of the following combinations may be applied: NSF=1, NRep = 9; NSF =9, NRep = 1; NSF =3, NRep = 3.
[0196] After the network device 120 indicates the allocation information including the above combinations of NSF and NRep, the terminal device 110 may follow the indication and detect the NPDSCH together with the other signalings in anchor carrier.
[0197] FIG. 14B illustrates a schematic diagram of an example frame structure 1400B in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The frame structure 1400A includes 40 subframes. In some examples, a generation duration of the packet may be equal to a time length of four frames. For example, the frame structure 1400B includes two even frames and two odd frames. Each even frame includes 10 subframes, where 0th subframe is used for NPBCH and 5th subframe is used for NPSS. Each odd frame includes 10 subframes, where 0th subframe is used for NPBCH, 5th subframe is used for NPSS, and the 9th subframe is used for NSSS. Thus, 30 subframes are left, which may be used for transmitting other information. Note that the network device 120 indicates that the voice packetization duration is 40ms.
[0198] In some example embodiments, based on that the four frames lack paging information or system information (e.g., for NPDSCH scheduling, if there is no SIB or Paging, the NSF *NRep = 30) , the first number NSF and the second number NRep may satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 30, that the first number is equal to 30 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 15, that the first number is equal to 15 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 3 and the second number is equal to 10, that the first number is equal to 10 and the second number is equal to 3, that the first number is equal to 5 and the second number is equal to 6, or that the first number is equal to 6 and the second number is equal to 5. As an example, if there is no SIB or Paging, NSF *NRep may be equal to 30, e.g., one of the following combinations may be applied: NSF=1, NRep = 30; NSF =30, NRep = 1; NSF =2, NRep = 15; NSF =15, NRep = 2; NSF=3, NRep = 10; NSF =10, NRep = 3; NSF =5, NRep = 6; NSF =6, NRep =5.
[0199] In some example embodiments, based on that the four frames include SIB1, the first number and the second number may satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 28, that the first number is equal to 28 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 14, that the first number is equal to 14 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 4 and the second number is equal to 7, or that the first number is equal to 7 and the second number is equal to 4. As an example, if there is SIB1, NSF *NRep may be equal to 28, e.g., one of the following combinations may be applied: NSF=1, NRep = 28; NSF =28, NRep = 1; NSF =2, NRep = 14; NSF =14, NRep = 2; NSF =4, NRep = 7; NSF =7, NRep = 4.
[0200] In some example embodiments, based on that the four frames include paging information, the first number and the second number may satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 26, or that the first number is equal to 26 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 13, or that the first number is equal to 13 and the second number is equal to 2. As an example, if there is paging (NPDCCH, NPDSCH) , NSF *NRep may be equal to 26, e.g., one of the following combinations may be applied: NSF=1, NRep = 26; NSF =26, NRep = 1; NSF=2, NRep = 13; NSF =13, NRep = 2.
[0201] In some example embodiments, based on that the four frames include paging information and SIB1 or SIB31, the first number and the second number may satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 24, that the first number is equal to 24 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 12, or that the first number is equal to 12 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 8 and the second number is equal to 3, that the first number is equal to 4 and the second number is equal to 6, or that the first number is equal to 6 and the second number is equal to 4. As an example, if there is paging (NPDCCH, NPDSCH) and SIB1 / SIB31, NSF *NRep may be equal to 24, e.g., one of the following combinations may be applied: NSF=1, NRep = 24; NSF =24, NRep = 1; NSF =2, NRep = 12; NSF =12, NRep = 2; NSF =3, NRep = 8; NSF =8, NRep = 3; NSF =4, NRep =6; NSF =6, NRep = 4.
[0202] In some example embodiments, based on that the four frames include paging information and SIB1 and SIB31, the first number and the second number may satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 22, that the first number is equal to 22 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 20, that the first number is equal to 20 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 5 and the second number is equal to 4, or that the first number is equal to 4 and the second number is equal to 5. As an example, if there is paging (NPDCCH, NPDSCH) and SIB1 and SIB31, NSF *NRep may be equal to 22 or 20, e.g., one of the following combinations may be applied: NSF=1, NRep = 22; NSF =22, NRep = 1; NSF =20, NRep = 1; NSF =1, NRep = 20; NSF =4, NRep = 5; NSF =5, NRep = 4.
[0203] In some example embodiments, based on that the four frames include paging information and an SIB other that SIB1 and SIB31, the first number and the second number may satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 18, that the first number is equal to 18 and the second number is equal to 1, or that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 9, that the first number is equal to 9 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 3 and the second number is equal to 6, or that the first number is equal to 6 and the second number is equal to 3. As an example, there is paging (NPDCCH, NPDSCH) and other SIBs, NSF *NRep may be equal to 18, e.g., one of the following combinations may be applied: NSF=1, NRep = 18; NSF =18, NRep = 1; NSF =2, NRep = 9; NSF=9, NRep = 2; NSF =3, NRep = 6; NSF =6, NRep = 3.
[0204] After the network device 120 indicates the allocation information including the above combinations of NSF and NRep, the terminal device 110 may follow the indication and detect the NPDSCH together with the other signalings in anchor carrier.
[0205] The above has described the repetition or subframe configuration for NPDSCH SPS transmission on the anchor-carrier, and the following will further describe the Repetition / subframe configuration for NPDSCH SPS transmission on the non-anchor-carrier.
[0206] In some example embodiments, the one or more carriers may include a non-anchor carrier, and combination of the first number and the second number may be based on subframes on the non-anchor carrier for at least one of: downlink control information (DCI) for an uplink transmission, DCI for a downlink transmission, an uplink transmission, paging information, or a guard period. For example, to configure the SPS DL with the best coverage, the network device 120 may provide more subframes for UL, and / or reserve DL subframes for sending NPDCCH in non-anchor carrier, the network device 120 might configure the DL SPS with some characteristics.
[0207] In some examples, a generation duration of the packet may be equal to a time length of two frames, and the packetization duration may be 20ms.
[0208] In some example embodiments, based on that the two frames lack DCI or the guard period, the first number and the second number may satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 20, that the first number is equal to 20 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 10, that the first number is equal to 10 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 4 and the second number is equal to 5, or that the first number is equal to 5 and the second number is equal to 4. As an example, if there is no NPDCCH or GP subframe, NSF *NRep may be equal to 20, e.g., the following combinations NSF=1, NRep = 20; NSF =20, NRep = 1; NSF =10, NRep = 2; NSF =2, NRep = 10; NSF=4, NRep = 5; NSF =5, NRep = 4.
[0209] In some example embodiments, based on that the two frames lack DCI and include at least one guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 19, that the first number is equal to 19 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 9, that the first number is equal to 9 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 3 and the second number is equal to 6, or that the first number is equal to 6 and the second number is equal to 3. As an example, if there are no NPDCCH but at least one GP subframe, NSF *NRep may be equal to or smaller than 19, e.g., one of the following combinations may be applied: NSF=1, NRep = 19; NSF =19, NRep = 1; NSF =2, NRep = 9; NSF =9, NRep = 2; NSF =3, NRep = 6; NSF =6, NRep = 3.
[0210] In some example embodiments, based on that the two frames include DCI and lack a guard period subframe, the first number and the second number may satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 15, that the first number is equal to 15 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 8, or that the first number is equal to 8 and the second number is equal to 2. As an example, if there are NPDCCH but no GP subframe, NSF *NRep may be equal to or smaller (NPDCCH repetition) than 20 -5 (DCI scheduling a PDCCH) = 15, e.g., one of the following combinations may be applied: NSF=1, NRep =15; NSF =15, NRep = 1; NSF=2, NRep = 8; NSF =8, NRep = 2. For 20ms, NPDCCH + NPDSCH within 15 ms may be taken as an SPS pattern.
[0211] In some example embodiments, based on that the two frames include DCI and at least one guard period subframe, the first number and the second number may satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 14, that the first number is equal to 14 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 7, or that the first number is equal to 7 and the second number is equal to 2. As an example, if there are both NPDCCH and GP subframe, NSF *NRep may be equal to or smaller (NPDCCH repetition) than 20 –6 (DCI scheduling a PDCCH) = 14, e.g., one of the following combinations may be applied: NSF=1, NRep = 14; NSF =14, NRep = 1; NSF =2, NRep = 7; NSF =7, NRep = 2. For 20ms, NPDCCH +guard period + NPDSCH within 14 ms may be taken as an SPS pattern.
[0212] In some example embodiments, based on that the two frames include DCI for a downlink transmission with IMS data and DCI for a downlink transmission with paging, the first number and the second number may satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 13, or that the first number is equal to 13 and the second number is equal to 1. As an example, if there are NPDCCH for PDSCH with Voice Data and NPDCCH for PDSCH with paging, NSF *NRep may be equal to smaller (NPDCCH repetition) than 20 –7 (DCI scheduling a PDCCH) = 13, e.g., one of the following combinations may be applied: NSF=1, NRep = 13; NSF =13, NRep = 1. For 20ms, NPDCCH (N1) +NPDCCH (N2) + NPDSCH with voice data within 13ms + NPDSCH with Paging may be taken as an SPS pattern, especially for the paging time window (PTW) .
[0213] In some example embodiments, based on that the two frames include DCI for a downlink transmission with downlink IMS data, DCI for an uplink transmission with uplink IMS data, DCI for a downlink transmission with paging, and at least one guard period subframe, the first number and the second number may satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 11, or that the first number is equal to 11 and the second number is equal to 1. As an example, if there are NPDCCH for NPDSCH with DL Voice Data, NPDCCH for NPUSCH with UL Voice Data and NPDCCH for PDSCH with paging, and GP subframe, NSF *NRep may be equal to or smaller (NPDCCH repetition) than 20 –5 (PDCCH format 1+Scheduling the DL PDSCH) –2 (NPDDCH format 2+Scheudling the DL Paging) -1 (NPDCCH format 0) -1 (GP subframe) = 11, e.g., one of the following combinations may be applied: NSF=1, NRep =11; NSF =11, NRep = 1. For 20ms, NPDCCH (N0) +NPDCCH (N1) +NPDCCH (N2) +NPDSCH with voice data within 11 ms + NPDSCH with Paging + GP subframe may be taken as an SPS pattern, especially for the PTW.
[0214] In some examples, a generation duration of the packet may be equal to a time length of four frames, and the packetization duration may be 40ms.
[0215] In some example embodiments, based on that the four frames lack DCI or the guard period, the first number and the second number may satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 40, that the first number is equal to 40 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 20, that the first number is equal to 20 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 4 and the second number is equal to 10, that the first number is equal to 10 and the second number is equal to 4, that the first number is equal to 8 and the second number is equal to 5, or that the first number is equal to 5 and the second number is equal to 8. As an example, if there are no NPDCCH or GP subframe, NSF *NRep may be equal to 40, e.g., one of the following combinations may be applied: NSF=1, NRep = 40; NSF =40, NRep = 1; NSF =2, NRep = 20; NSF =20, NRep = 2; NSF=4, NRep = 10; NSF =10, NRep = 4; NSF= 8, NRep = 5; NSF =5, NRep = 8.
[0216] In some example embodiments, based on that the four frames lack DCI and include at least one guard period subframe, the first number and the second number may satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 39, that the first number is equal to 39 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 19, that the first number is equal to 19 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 38, or that the first number is equal to 38 and the second number is equal to 1. As an example, if there are no NPDCCH but at least one GP subframe, NSF *NRep may be equal to or smaller than 39, e.g., one of the following combinations may be applied: NSF=1, NRep = 39; NSF =39, NRep = 1; NSF =1, NRep = 38; NSF =38, NRep = 1; NSF =2, NRep = 19; NSF =19, NRep = 2.
[0217] In some example embodiments, based on that the four frames include DCI and lack a guard period subframe, the first number and the second number may satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 35, or that the first number is equal to 35 and the second number is equal to 1. As an example, if there are NPDCCH but no GP subframe, NSF *NRep may be equal to or smaller (NPDCCH repetition) than 40 –5 ( (PDCCH format 1+Scheduling the DL PDSCH) ) = 35, e.g., one of the following combinations may be applied: NSF=1, NRep = 35; NSF =35, NRep = 1. For 40ms, NPDCCH +NPDSCH within 35ms may be taken as an SPS pattern.
[0218] In some example embodiments, based on that the four frames include DCI and at least one guard period subframe, the first number and the second number may satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 34, that the first number is equal to 34 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 17, or that the first number is equal to 17 and the second number is equal to 2. As an example, if there are both NPDCCH and GP subframe, NSF *NRep may be equal to or smaller (NPDCCH repetition) than 40 –6 *5 ( (PDCCH format 1+Scheduling the DL PDSCH) ) = 34, e.g., one of the following combinations may be applied: NSF=1, NRep = 34; NSF =34, NRep = 1; NSF =2, NRep = 17; NSF =17, NRep = 2. For 40ms, NPDCCH + NPDSCH within 34ms may be taken as an SPS pattern.
[0219] In some example embodiments, based on that the four frames includes DCI for a downlink transmission with IMS data and DCI for a downlink transmission with paging, the first number and the second number may satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 33, or that the first number is equal to 33 and the second number is equal to 1. As an example, if there are NPDCCH for PDSCH with Voice Data and NPDCCH for PDSCH with paging, NSF *NRep may be equal to smaller (NPDCCH repetition) than 40 –7 * (5 (PDCCH format 1+Scheduling the DL PDSCH) =33, e.g., one of the following combinations may be applied: NSF=1, NRep = 33; NSF =33, NRep = 1. For 40ms, NPDCCH (N1) +NPDCCH (N2) + NPDSCH with voice data within 33ms + NPDSCH with Paging may be taken as an SPS pattern, especially for the PTW.
[0220] In some example embodiments, based on that the four frames includes DCI for a downlink transmission with downlink IMS data, DCI for an uplink transmission with uplink IMS data, DCI for a downlink transmission with paging, and at least one guard period subframe, the first number and the second number may satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 31, or that the first number is equal to 31 and the second number is equal to 1. As an example, if there are NPDCCH for NPDSCH with DL Voice Data, NPDCCH for NPUSCH with UL Voice Data and NPDCCH for PDSCH with paging, and GP subframe, NSF *NRep may be equal to or smaller (NPDCCH repetition) than 40 –5 (PDCCH format 1+Scheduling the DL PDSCH) –2 (NPDDCH format 2+Scheudling the DL Paging) -1 (NPDCCH format 0) -1 (GP subframe) = 31, e.g., one of the following combinations may be applied: NSF=1, NRep =31; NSF =31, NRep = 1. For 40ms, NPDCCH (N0) +NPDCCH (N1) +NPDCCH (N2) +NPDSCH with voice data within 31ms + NPDSCH with Paging + GP subframe may be taken as an SPS pattern, especially for the PTW.
[0221] After the network device 120 indicates the allocation information including the above combinations of NSF and NRep, the terminal device 110 may follow the SPS configuration to receive and decode the corresponding NPDCCH, NPDSCH and get ready to transmit NPUSCH.
[0222] In view of the above, new resource configurations are used to enable multiple voice packet stream transmission. Particular SPS patterns are used to support IMS packet transmission via NPUSCH and NPDSCH. In this way, the signaling of the SPS configuration and the delay of the voice transmission can be reduced.
[0223] The following will describe NPUSCH subframe structures for 15 kHz SCS with reference to FIGS. 15 to 17B. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a solution for NPUSCH subframe structures for 15 kHz SCS. In the solution, a terminal device receives information from a network device. The information indicates usage of a set of subframes included in one or more frames. Further subframes included in the one or more frames other than the set of subframes are configured for transmitting packets from an IMS. The terminal device performs communication with the network device within the set of subframes based on the received information. In this way, the legacy RU definition works for voice under SCS 15 kHz.
[0224] Reference is made to FIG. 15, which illustrates a signaling flow 1500 for IMS packet transmission in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purposes of discussion, the signaling flow 1500 will be discussed with reference to FIG. 1, for example, by using the terminal device 110 and the network device 120.
[0225] The network device 120 transmits 1502 information to the terminal device 110. The information indicates usage of a set of subframes (also referred to as a combo set) . The set of subframes is included in one or more frames. Further subframes included in the one or more frames other than the set of subframes are configured for transmitting packets from an IMS.
[0226] The terminal device 110 receives 1504 the information indicating the usage of the set of subframes from the network device 120. The terminal device 110 performs 1506 communication with the network device 120 within the set of subframes based on the received information. Accordingly, the network device 120 performs 1508 communication with the terminal device 110 within the set of subframes based on the transmitted information.
[0227] In some example embodiments, the information received may indicate that the set of subframes includes at least one of: a subframe for a narrowband physical downlink control channel, a subframe for a narrowband physical downlink shared channel, a subframe for a narrowband physical broadcast channel, a subframe for a narrowband physical uplink shared channel other transmission of the packets, a subframe for a narrowband reference signal (NRS) , a subframe for a narrowband positioning reference signal (NPRS) , a subframe for a narrowband wakeup signal (NWUS) , a subframe for a narrowband primary synchronization signal (NPSS) , a subframe for a narrowband secondary synchronization signal (NSSS) , or a slot for a guard period (GP) . For example, NPDCCH, NPDSCH, NPUSCH other than voice data, GP subframes may be located on any boundary between a UL subframe and a DL subframe. Details will be provided with reference to FIGS. 16A to 17B.
[0228] FIG. 16A illustrates a schematic diagram of an example frame structure 1600A in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The frame structure 1600A includes multiple frames 1604, and each frame 1604 occupies 10ms. The frame 1604 includes 10 subframes 1602, and each subframe 1602 occupies 1ms. The frame structure 1600A involves parameters including SCS 15 kHz and 20ms packetization duration.
[0229] In some example embodiments, the usage of the set of subframes may be indicated by a pattern defining distribution of the set of subframes relative to the further subframes. In FIG. 16A, five patterns are shown, such as patterns [A] , [B] , [C] , [D] , and [E]. These patterns allow a terminal device under a satellite, especially GEO, to keep the UL voice transmission as well as receiving update configurations or DL voice data or any necessary DL data without interruption or further configuration or delay.
[0230] In some example embodiments, the pattern may define that the set of subframes are all after the further subframes. For example, the pattern [A] may define that a slot for GP, two subframes for PDCCH or PDSCH, and a further slot for GP are all after the further subframes.
[0231] Alternatively, or additionally, the pattern may define that the set of subframes are all before the further subframes. For example, the pattern [E] may define that a slot for GP, two subframes for PDCCH or PDSCH, and a further slot for GP are all before the further subframes.
[0232] Alternatively, or additionally, the pattern may define that at least one subframe in the set of subframes is before the further subframes and the other subframes are after the further subframes. For example, the pattern [B] may define that a slot for GP is before the further subframes, and two subframes for PDCCH or PDSCH, and a further slot for GP are after the further subframes. For another example, the pattern [C] may define that a slot for GP and a subframe for PDCCH or PDSCH are before the further subframes, and a subframe for PDCCH or PDSCH and a further slot for GP are after the further subframes. For still another example, the pattern [D] may define that two subframes for PDCCH or PDSCH and a slot for GP are before the further subframes, and a further slot for GP is after the further subframes.
[0233] The network device 120 may configure or indicate the UL SPS configuration and DL SPS configuration and / or the subframe bitmap following one of the patterns [A] , [B], [C] , [D] , or [E] . The DL subframe may either be PDCCH or PDSCH. The DL subframe configuration requires the terminal device 110 to detect the DL subframe without further sending any UL signal. The slot for GP gives the terminal device 110 enough time to switch between transmitting and receiving. The terminal device 110 may follow the network configuration to transmit the UL signal or receive the DL signal.
[0234] FIG. 16B illustrates a schematic diagram of an example frame structure 1600B in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The frame structure 1600B includes multiple frames 1608, and each frame 1608 occupies 10ms. The frame 1608 includes 10 subframes 1606, and each subframe 1606 occupies 1ms. The frame structure 1600B involves parameters including SCS 15 kHz and 20ms packetization duration.
[0235] In FIG. 16B, five patterns are shown, such as patterns [F] , [G] , [H] , [I] , and [J] . These patterns allow a terminal device under a satellite, especially GEO, to keep the UL voice transmission as well as sending ACK / NACK, request and any signal via NPUSCH format 2 without interruption / further configuration / delay.
[0236] Specifically, the pattern [F] may define that the set of subframes are all after the further subframes, the pattern [J] may define that the set of subframes are all before the further subframes, and the patterns [G] , [H] and [I] may define that at least one subframe in the set of subframes is before the further subframes and the other subframes are after the further subframes.
[0237] The network device 120 may configure or indicate the UL SPS configuration and DL SPS configuration and / or the subframe bitmap following one of the patterns [F] , [G] , [H] , [I] , or [J] . The UL subframe may either be PUCCH or PUSCH. The UL subframe configuration requires the terminal device 110 to detect the UL subframe without further sending any DL signal.
[0238] In some example embodiments, the set of subframes and the further frames may be defined by a sliding window including a predefined or configured number of subframes.
[0239] FIG. 17A illustrates a schematic diagram of an example frame structure 1700A in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The frame structure 1700A includes multiple frames 1704, and each frame 1704 occupies 10ms. The frame 1704 includes 10 subframes 1702, and each subframe 1702 occupies 1ms. The frame structure 1700A involves parameters including SCS 15 kHz and 20ms packetization duration.
[0240] The network device 120 may configure or indicate the UL SPS configuration and DL SPS configuration and / or the subframe bitmap following 16 continually subframes for voice packet uplink transmission, following 4 subframes as a combo set. The combo set may contain an UL subframe for NPUSCH other than voice data (represented by ULSF or UL) , a DL subframe for PDCCH or PDSCH (represented by DLSF or DL) and a GP subframe (represented by GPSF or GP) on any boundary between a UL subframe and a DL subframe. e.g. the combo set can be ULSF+GPSF+DLSF+GPSF or GPSF+DLSF+GPSF+ULSF. The terminal device may follow the network configuration to transmit the UL signal or receive the DL signal.
[0241] These patterns allow the terminal device 110 under a satellite, especially GEO, to keep the UL voice transmission as well as receiving update configurations or DL voice data or any necessary DL data, or sending any signal via NPUSCH format 1 without interruption or further configuration or delay.
[0242] In some example embodiments, the number of the set of subframes may be determined based on a generation duration of each of the packets. For example, the number of the set of subframes based on the generation duration of 20ms is different from the number of the set of subframes based on the generation duration of 40ms.
[0243] FIG. 17B illustrates a schematic diagram of an example frame structure 1700B in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The frame structure 1700B includes multiple frames 1704, and each frame 1704 occupies 10ms. The frame 1704 includes 10 subframes 1702, and each subframe 1702 occupies 1ms. The frame structure 1700B involves parameters including SCS 15 kHz and 40ms packetization duration.
[0244] The network device 120 may configure or indicate the UL SPS configuration and DL SPS configuration and / or the subframe bitmap following 32 continually subframes for voice packet uplink transmission, following 8 subframes as a combo set. The combo set may contain UL subframes for NPUSCH other than voice data, DL subframes for PDCCH or PDSCH and GP subframes on any boundary between a UL subframe and a DL subframe. The terminal device may follow the network configuration to transmit the UL signal or receive the DL signal.
[0245] These patterns allow a terminal under a satellite, especially GEO, to keep the UL voice transmission as well as receiving update configurations or DL voice data or any necessary DL data or sending any signal via NPUSCH format 1 without interruption or further configuration or delay.
[0246] The above has described NPUSCH subframe structures for 15 kHz SCS. Next, NPUSCH RU definition for 3.75 kHz SCS will be described with reference to FIGS. 18 to 19B. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a solution for NPUSCH RU definition for 3.75 kHz SCS. In the solution, a terminal device receives information from a network device. The information indicates the usage of a set of slots. The sum of a time length of one or more RUs and a time length of the set of slots corresponds to a generation duration of a packet from an IMS. The one or more RUs are configured for transmitting the packet, and a RU of the one or more RUs comprise less than 16 slots. The terminal device 110 performs communication with the network device based on the received information. In this way, SCS 3.75 kHz is enabled to support voice without using OCC.
[0247] Reference is now made to FIG. 18, which illustrates a signaling flow 1800 for IMS packet transmission in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purposes of discussion, the signaling flow 1800 will be discussed with reference to FIG. 1, for example, by using the terminal device 110 and the network device 120.
[0248] The network device 120 transmits 1802 information to the terminal device 110. The information indicates the usage of a set of slots. The sum of a time length of one or more resource units and a time length of the set of slots corresponds to a generation duration of a packet from an IMS, the one or more resource units are configured for transmitting the packet, and a resource unit of the one or more resource units comprise less than 16 slots. In other words, in such embodiments, the resource unit is shorter than a legacy RU in time domain and thus is also referred to as a mini-RU. For example, for 3.75kHz SCS, the mini-RU may include 8 slots.
[0249] The terminal device 110 receives 1804 the information indicating the usage of the set of subframes from the network device 120. The terminal device 110 performs 1806 communication with the network device 120 based on the received information. Accordingly, the network device 120 performs 1808 communication with the terminal device 110 based on the transmitted information.
[0250] In some embodiments, the set of slots may include at least one of: a slot for a narrowband physical downlink control channel (NPDCCH) , a slot for a narrowband physical downlink shared channel (NPDSCH) , a slot for a narrowband physical broadcast channel, a slot for a narrowband physical uplink shared channel (NPUSCH) other transmission of the packets, a slot for a NRS, a slot for a NWUS, a slot for a NPSS, a slot for a NSSS, or a slot for a GP. Such a set of slots may be referred to as a combo set of slots, or shorted as a combo set.
[0251] In some embodiments, the generation duration is equal to two frames, and the set of slots comprises a slot for a narrowband physical uplink shared channel other transmission of the packets. For example, the packetization duration may be 20 ms, and the combo set may include at least one slot for NPUSCH other than the IMS data.
[0252] FIG. 19A illustrates a schematic diagram of an example frame structure 1900A in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The frame structure 1900A includes multiple frames 1904, and each frame 1904 occupies 10ms. The frame 1904 includes 5 slots 1902, and each slot 1902 occupies 2ms. The frame structure 1900A involves parameters including SCS 3.75 kHz and 20ms packetization duration. The mini-RU includes 8 slots.
[0253] The network device 120 may configure or indicate the UL SPS configuration 8 continually slots for voice packet uplink transmission, following 2 slots as a combo set. The combo set may contain UL slots for NPUSCH other than voice data. The terminal device 120 may follow the network configuration to transmit the UL signal.
[0254] These patterns may allow a terminal device under a satellite, especially GEO, to keep the UL voice transmission in 3.75 kHz as well as sending ACK / NACK, request and any signal via NPUSCH format 1 without interruption / further configuration / delay.
[0255] In some embodiments, the generation duration is equal to two four frames, and the set of slots comprises at least one of: a subframe for a NPDCCH, a subframe for NPDSCH, a subframe for NPUSCH other transmission of the packets, or a subframe for a GP. For example, the packetization duration may be 40 ms, and the combo set may include an UL subframe, a GP subframe, a DL subframe.
[0256] FIG. 19B illustrates a schematic diagram of an example frame structure 1900B in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The frame structure 1900B includes multiple frames 1904, and each frame 1904 occupies 10ms. The frame 1904 includes 5 slots 1902, and each slot 1902 occupies 2ms. The frame structure 1900B involves parameters including SCS 3.75 kHz and 20ms packetization duration. The mini-RU includes 8 slots.
[0257] The network device 120 may configure or indicate the UL SPS configuration 18 continually slots for voice packet uplink transmission, following 4 slots as a combo set. The combo set may contain UL subframes for NPUSCH other than voice data (NPUSCH format 1) , DL subframes and GP subframes on any boundary between a UL subframe and a DL subframe. For example, the combo set may include four subframes and may have one of the following patterns: ULSF+GPSF+DLSF+GP SF; GPSF+DLSF+DLSF+GPSF; GPSF+DLSF+GPSF+ULSF; ULSF+ULSF+ULSF+ULSF. The terminal device 120 may follow the network configuration to transmit the UL signal.
[0258] These patterns allow a terminal under a satellite, especially GEO, could keep the UL voice transmission as well as receiving update configurations or DL voice data or any necessary DL data, or sending any signal via NPUSCH format 1 without interruption / further configuration / delay.
[0259] According to the above examples of the present disclosure, the signaling of the SPS configuration and the delay of the voice transmission can be reduced, the legacy RU definition works for voice under SCS 15 kHz, and SCS 3.75 kHz is able to support voice without using OCC. Further, SPS NPDSCH is supported to transmit voice packet without reading SIB31 interference, and the signaling and latency are reduced when the terminal device 110 requires resynchronization of the uplink or requires GNSS measurement or requires the SIB31-NB updating.
[0260] In some embodiments, an SPS configuration may be skipped for UL resynchronization. If a timer related to resynchronization (such as, gnss-validityDuration and / or ul-SyncValidityDuration) expires, all the UL-SPS configurations and DL-SPS configurations for IMS service (for example voice service) in a non-anchor carrier may be skipped. After resynchronization, the SPS configurations will be automatically activated and continue the corresponding UL and / or DL periodically transmission. Thus, the latency may be reduced, and the voice experience may be improved. The SPS-configuration will not be released for voice under a satellite, especially GEO, .
[0261] The terminal device 110 may use the skipped subframes to perform GNSS measurement and acquire TAC or acquire SystemInformationBlockType31-NB in the anchor carrier and TAC. The UL-SPS configurations and DL-SPS configurations for voice service may be effective after UE regains the UL Synchronization. After regain the TAC, the SPS configurations will be automatically activated and continue the corresponding UL and / or DL periodically transmission.
[0262] In some example embodiments, Diversity Slotted ALOHA (DSA) Contention based (CB) msg3 Early Data Transmission (EDT) may be enhanced. For DSA CB-msg3 EDT, there is a configurable time window for DSA CB-msg3 occasion selection. The window could start periodically or sporadically as illustrated in FIG. 19C.
[0263] If the window starts periodically, the network device has to configure the window length (e.g. several frames, several subframes, several slots or several CB-msg3 transmission occasions) and the first starting point (e.g. same as the CB-msg3 resource starting point, a particular CB-msg3 resource starting point of one particular CE level, or configured timing by a combination of at least of SFN, FN and H-SFN) . The terminal devices may randomly choose n occasions from the m occasions in the window to do DSA CB-msg3 EDT.
[0264] If the window starts sporadically, the network device may have to configure the window length and the terminal device may determine the window starting point based on the configured CB-msg3 occasions and data arrival time. The terminal device may choose the first available CB-msg3 occasion as the window starting point and transmit the first CB-msg3 EDT, then choose the other (n-1) occasions from the left (m-1) occasions in the DSA window to finish the DSA CB-msg3 EDT.
[0265] In some example embodiments, the window starting point for the DSA CB-msg3 occasion selection could be Periodically configured by the network; or Sporadically determined by the UEs.
[0266] For window starting point for DSA CB-msg3 spordically determined by the UEs, the terminal device may choose the first available CB-msg3 occasion as the window starting point and transmit the first CB-msg3 EDT, then choose the other (n-1) occasions from the left (m-1) occasions in the DSA window to finish the DSA CB-msg3 EDT.
[0267] FIG. 20 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 2000 implemented at a terminal device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 2000 will be described from the perspective of the terminal device 110 in FIG. 1.
[0268] At block 2010, the terminal device 110 obtains a plurality of packets from an IMS corresponding to a plurality of time durations respectively, wherein a packet of the plurality of packets is generated within a corresponding time duration.
[0269] At block 2020, the terminal device 110, for each packet of the plurality of packets, applies a codeword of a plurality of codewords to the packet to generate a plurality of uplink channel signals, wherein the plurality of codewords is orthogonal to each other.
[0270] At block 2030, the terminal device 110 transmits, to a network device, the plurality of uplink channel signals by using one or more resources in time and frequency domain.
[0271] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 determines one of the following parameters based on others of the following parameters: a number of resource units within which transmission of a packet from the IMS is repeated, a multiplex level for packet transmission, and a time length of each of the plurality of time durations.
[0272] In some example embodiments, a time length corresponding to a resource unit is larger than a predetermined time length.
[0273] In some example embodiments, a time length of each of the plurality of time durations is smaller than a time length corresponding to a resource unit, a multiplex level for packet transmission is a first level, and transmission of an uplink channel signal of the plurality of uplink channel signals is repeated within a first number of resource units, the first number smaller than the first level.
[0274] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 adapts at least one of a coding parameter, a modulation parameter or a TBS determination parameter based on the first level and a number of symbols within the first number of resource units.
[0275] In some example embodiments, a multiplex level for packet transmission is a second level, transmission of an uplink channel signal of the plurality of uplink channel signals is repeated within a second number of resource units, and a time length of each of the plurality of time durations is the second number multiple a predetermined time length.
[0276] In some example embodiments, the second number has a value of 2.
[0277] In some example embodiments, a time length of each of the plurality of time durations is larger than a time length corresponding to a resource unit, a multiplex level for packet transmission is a first level, and transmission of an uplink channel signal of the plurality of uplink channel signals is repeated within a third number of resource units, the third number equal to or larger than the first level.
[0278] In some example embodiments, the third number larger than the first level, and the terminal device is further caused to: adapt at least one of a coding parameter, a modulation parameter or a TBS determination parameter based on the first level and a number of symbols within the third number of resource units.
[0279] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110, in accordance with a determination that a value of a multiplex level for packet transmission is not equal to a value of a number of resource units within which transmission of a packet from the IMS is repeated, adapts at least one of a coding parameter, a modulation parameter or a TBS determination parameter based on the multiplex level and a number of symbols within the resource units.
[0280] In some example embodiments, a time length corresponding to a resource unit is smaller than a predetermined time length, and an uplink channel signal of the plurality of uplink channel signals is transmitted a plurality of times within a plurality of resource units.
[0281] In some example embodiments, a time length of each of the plurality of time durations is the predetermined time length, a multiplex level for packet transmission is a second level, and an uplink channel signal of the plurality of uplink channel signals is transmitted a fourth number of times within a fifth number of resource units, the fourth number being an integer multiple of the second level and the fifth number equal to or larger than the fourth number.
[0282] In some example embodiments, the fifth number is larger than the fourth number by one.
[0283] In some example embodiments, a time length of each of the plurality of time durations is an integer multiple of the predetermined time length, a multiplex level for packet transmission is a second level, and an uplink channel signal of the plurality of uplink channel signals is transmitted a sixth number of times within the sixth number of resource units, the six number being an integer multiple of the second level.
[0284] In some example embodiments, a time length of each of the plurality of time durations is the predetermined time length, a multiplex level for packet transmission is a first level, and an uplink channel signal of the plurality of uplink channel signals is transmitted a seventh number of times within an eighth number of resource units, the seventh number being an integer multiple of the first level and the eighth number equal to or larger than the seventh number.
[0285] In some example embodiments, the eighth number is larger than the seventh number by two.
[0286] In some example embodiments, a time length of each of the plurality of time durations is an integer multiple of the predetermined time length, a multiplex level for packet transmission is a first level, and an uplink channel signal of the plurality of uplink channel signals is transmitted a ninth number of times within the ninth number of resource units, the ninth number being an integer multiple of the first level.
[0287] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 transmits, to the network device, capability information indicative of supporting multiplexed transmission of different packets from the IMS.
[0288] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 receives, from the network device, configuration information for multiplexed transmissions of different packets from the IMS.
[0289] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 receives, from the network device, control information indicative of a change in a configuration associated with the plurality of codewords.
[0290] In some example embodiments, the change is indicated by at least one of: a field for a redundancy version, a field for Hybrid Automatic Repeat request process, or a field for resource reservation.
[0291] FIG. 21 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 2100 implemented at a network device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 2100 will be described from the perspective of the network device 120 in FIG. 1.
[0292] At block 2110, the network device 120 receives, from a terminal device, a signal on one or more resources in time and frequency domain.
[0293] At block 2120, the network device 120 applies a plurality of codewords to the received signal to obtain a plurality of demultiplexed signals, wherein the plurality of codewords is orthogonal to each other.
[0294] At block 2130, the network device 120 decodes a plurality of packets from an IMS corresponding to a plurality of time durations respectively, wherein a packet of the plurality of packets is generated within a corresponding time duration.
[0295] In some example embodiments, the network device 120 receives, from the terminal device, capability information indicative of supporting multiplexed transmission of different packets from the IMS.
[0296] In some example embodiments, the network device 120 transmits, to the terminal device, configuration information for multiplexed transmissions of different packets from the IMS.
[0297] In some example embodiments, the network device 120 transmits, to the terminal device, control information indicative of a change in a configuration associated with the plurality of codewords.
[0298] In some example embodiments, the change is indicated by at least one of: a field for a redundancy version, a field for Hybrid Automatic Repeat request process, or a field for resource reservation.
[0299] FIG. 22 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 2200 implemented at a terminal device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 2200 will be described from the perspective of the terminal device 110 in FIG. 1.
[0300] At block 2210, the terminal device 110 obtains, from a network device, allocation information for transmission of packets from an IMS on one or more carriers, the allocation information comprising a first number of subframes occupied by transmitting a packet once and a second number of repetition times for transmitting the packet.
[0301] At block 2220, the terminal device 110 decodes the packet from the network device on the one or more carriers based on the allocation information.
[0302] In some example embodiments, the one or more carriers comprise an anchor carrier, and combination of the first number and the second number is based at least on subframes on the anchor carrier for at least one of synchronization, a broad cast information transmission, or an uplink transmission.
[0303] In some example embodiments, a generation duration of the packet is equal to a time length of two frames, and based on that the two frames lack paging information and system information, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 15, that the first number is equal to 3 and the second number is equal to 5, that the first number is equal to 5 and the second number is equal to 3, or that the first number is equal to 15 and the second number is equal to 1; based on that the two frames comprise SIB1, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 14, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 7, that the first number is equal to 7 and the second number is equal to 2, or that the first number is equal to 14 and the second number is equal to 1; based on that the two frames comprise paging information, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 13, or that the first number is equal to 13 and the second number is equal to 1; based on that the two frames comprise paging information and SIB1 or SIB31, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 12, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 6, that the first number is equal to 4 and the second number is equal to 3, or that the first number is equal to 12 and the second number is equal to 1, based on that the two frames comprise paging information and SIB1 and SIB31, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 11, that the first number is equal to 11 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 10, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 5, based on that the two frames comprise paging information and an SIB other that SIB1 and SIB31, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 9, that the first number is equal to 9 and the second number is equal to 1, or that the first number is equal to 3 and the second number is equal to 3.
[0304] In some example embodiments, a generation duration of the packet is equal to a time length of four frames, and based on that the four frames lack paging information or system information, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 30, that the first number is equal to 30 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 15, that the first number is equal to 15 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 3 and the second number is equal to 10, that the first number is equal to 10 and the second number is equal to 3, that the first number is equal to 5 and the second number is equal to 6, or that the first number is equal to 6 and the second number is equal to 5; based on that the four frames comprise SIB1, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 28, that the first number is equal to 28 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 14, that the first number is equal to 14 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 4 and the second number is equal to 7, or that the first number is equal to 7 and the second number is equal to 4; based on that the four frames comprise paging information, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 26, or that the first number is equal to 26 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 13, or that the first number is equal to 13 and the second number is equal to 2; based on that the four frames comprise paging information and SIB1 or SIB31, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 24, that the first number is equal to 24 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 12, or that the first number is equal to 12 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 8 and the second number is equal to 3, that the first number is equal to 4 and the second number is equal to 6, or that the first number is equal to 6 and the second number is equal to 4; based on that the four frames comprise paging information and SIB1 and SIB31, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 22, that the first number is equal to 22 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 20, that the first number is equal to 20 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 5 and the second number is equal to 4, or that the first number is equal to 4 and the second number is equal to 5; based on that the four frames comprise paging information and an SIB other that SIB1 and SIB31, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 18, that the first number is equal to 18 and the second number is equal to 1, or that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 9, that the first number is equal to 9 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 3 and the second number is equal to 6, or that the first number is equal to 6 and the second number is equal to 3.
[0305] In some example embodiments, the one or more carriers comprise a non-anchor carrier, and combination of the first number and the second number is based on subframes on the non-anchor carrier for at least one of: DCI for an uplink transmission, DCI for a downlink transmission, an uplink transmission, paging information, or a guard period.
[0306] In some example embodiments, a generation duration of the packet is equal to a time length of two frames, and based on that the two frames lack DCI or the guard period, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 20, that the first number is equal to 20 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 10, that the first number is equal to 10 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 4 and the second number is equal to 5, or that the first number is equal to 5 and the second number is equal to 4; based on that the two frames lack DCI and comprise at least one guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 19, that the first number is equal to 19 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 9, that the first number is equal to 9 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 3 and the second number is equal to 6, or that the first number is equal to 6 and the second number is equal to 3; based on that the two frames comprise DCI and lack a guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 15, that the first number is equal to 15 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 8, or that the first number is equal to 8 and the second number is equal to 2; based on that the two frames comprise DCI and at least one guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 14, that the first number is equal to 14 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 7, or that the first number is equal to 7 and the second number is equal to 2; based on that the two frames comprise DCI for a downlink transmission with IMS data and DCI for a downlink transmission with paging, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 13, or that the first number is equal to 13 and the second number is equal to 1; based on that the two frames comprise DCI for a downlink transmission with downlink IMS data, DCI for an uplink transmission with uplink IMS data, DCI for a downlink transmission with paging, and at least one guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 11, or that the first number is equal to 11 and the second number is equal to 1.
[0307] In some example embodiments, a generation duration of the packet is equal to a time length of four frames, and based on that the four frames lack DCI or the guard period, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 40, that the first number is equal to 40 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 20, that the first number is equal to 20 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 4 and the second number is equal to 10, that the first number is equal to 10 and the second number is equal to 4, that the first number is equal to 8 and the second number is equal to 5, or that the first number is equal to 5 and the second number is equal to 8; based on that the four frames lack DCI and comprise at least one guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 39, that the first number is equal to 39 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 19, that the first number is equal to 19 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 38, or that the first number is equal to 38 and the second number is equal to 1; based on that the four frames comprise DCI and lack a guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 35, or that the first number is equal to 35 and the second number is equal to 1; based on that the four frames comprise DCI and at least one guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 34, that the first number is equal to 34 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 17, or that the first number is equal to 17 and the second number is equal to 2; based on that the four frames comprises DCI for a downlink transmission with IMS data and DCI for a downlink transmission with paging, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 33, or that the first number is equal to 33 and the second number is equal to 1; based on that the four frames comprises DCI for a downlink transmission with downlink IMS data, DCI for an uplink transmission with uplink IMS data, DCI for a downlink transmission with paging, and at least one guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 31, or that the first number is equal to 31 and the second number is equal to 1.
[0308] FIG. 23 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 2300 implemented at a network device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 2300 will be described from the perspective of the network device 120 in FIG. 1.
[0309] At block 2310, the network device 120 obtains, for a terminal device, allocation information for transmission of packets from an IMS on one or more carriers, the allocation information comprising a first number of subframes occupied by transmitting a packet once and a second number of repetition times for transmitting the packet.
[0310] At block 2320, the network device 120 transmits the packet to the terminal device on the one or more carriers based on the allocation information.
[0311] In some example embodiments, the one or more carriers comprise an anchor carrier, and combination of the first number and the second number is based on subframes on the anchor carrier for at least one of synchronization, a broad cast information transmission, or an uplink transmission.
[0312] In some example embodiments, a generation duration of the packet is equal to a time length of two frames, and based on that the two frames lack paging information or system information, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 15, that the first number is equal to 3 and the second number is equal to 5, that the first number is equal to 5 and the second number is equal to 3, or that the first number is equal to 15 and the second number is equal to 1; based on that the two frames comprise SIB1, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 14, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 7, that the first number is equal to 7 and the second number is equal to 2, or that the first number is equal to 14 and the second number is equal to 1; based on that the two frames comprise paging information, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 13, or that the first number is equal to 13 and the second number is equal to 1; based on that the two frames comprise paging information and SIB1 or SIB31, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 12, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 6, that the first number is equal to 4 and the second number is equal to 3, or that the first number is equal to 12 and the second number is equal to 1, based on that the two frames comprise paging information and SIB1 and SIB31, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 11, that the first number is equal to 11 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 10, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 5, based on that the two frames comprise paging information and an SIB other that SIB1 and SIB31, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 9, that the first number is equal to 9 and the second number is equal to 1, or that the first number is equal to 3 and the second number is equal to 3.
[0313] In some example embodiments, a generation duration of the packet is equal to a time length of four frames, and based on that the four frames lack paging information or system information, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 30, that the first number is equal to 30 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 15, that the first number is equal to 15 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 3 and the second number is equal to 10, that the first number is equal to 10 and the second number is equal to 3, that the first number is equal to 5 and the second number is equal to 6, or that the first number is equal to 6 and the second number is equal to 5; based on that the four frames comprise SIB1, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 28, that the first number is equal to 28 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 14, that the first number is equal to 14 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 4 and the second number is equal to 7, or that the first number is equal to 7 and the second number is equal to 4; based on that the four frames comprise paging information, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 26, or that the first number is equal to 26 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 13, or that the first number is equal to 13 and the second number is equal to 2; based on that the four frames comprise paging information and SIB1 or SIB31, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 24, that the first number is equal to 24 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 12, or that the first number is equal to 12 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 8 and the second number is equal to 3, that the first number is equal to 4 and the second number is equal to 6, or that the first number is equal to 6 and the second number is equal to 4; based on that the four frames comprise paging information and SIB1 and SIB31, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 22, that the first number is equal to 22 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 20, that the first number is equal to 20 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 5 and the second number is equal to 4, or that the first number is equal to 4 and the second number is equal to 5; based on that the four frames comprise paging information and an SIB other that SIB1 and SIB31, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 18, that the first number is equal to 18 and the second number is equal to 1, or that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 9, that the first number is equal to 9 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 3 and the second number is equal to 6, or that the first number is equal to 6 and the second number is equal to 3.
[0314] In some example embodiments, the one or more carriers comprise a non-anchor carrier, and combination of the first number and the second number is based on subframes on the non-anchor carrier for at least one of: DCI for an uplink transmission, DCI for a downlink transmission, an uplink transmission, paging information, or a guard period.
[0315] In some example embodiments, a generation duration of the packet is equal to a time length of two frames, and based on that the two frames lack DCI or the guard period, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 20, that the first number is equal to 20 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 10, that the first number is equal to 10 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 4 and the second number is equal to 5, or that the first number is equal to 5 and the second number is equal to 4; based on that the two frames lack DCI and comprise at least one guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 19, that the first number is equal to 19 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 9, that the first number is equal to 9 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 3 and the second number is equal to 6, or that the first number is equal to 6 and the second number is equal to 3; based on that the two frames comprise DCI and lack a guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 15, that the first number is equal to 15 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 8, or that the first number is equal to 8 and the second number is equal to 2; based on that the two frames comprises DCI and at least one guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 14, that the first number is equal to 14 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 7, or that the first number is equal to 7 and the second number is equal to 2; based on that the two frames comprise DCI for a downlink transmission with IMS data and DCI for a downlink transmission with paging, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 13, or that the first number is equal to 13 and the second number is equal to 1; based on that the two frames comprise the DCI for a downlink transmission with downlink IMS data, DCI for an uplink transmission with uplink IMS data, DCI for a downlink transmission with paging, and at least one guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 11, or that the first number is equal to 11 and the second number is equal to 1.
[0316] In some example embodiments, a generation duration of the packet is equal to a time length of four frames, and based on that the four frames lack DCI or the guard period, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 40, that the first number is equal to 40 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 20, that the first number is equal to 20 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 4 and the second number is equal to 10, that the first number is equal to 10 and the second number is equal to 4, that the first number is equal to 8 and the second number is equal to 5, or that the first number is equal to 5 and the second number is equal to 8; based on that the four frames lack DCI and comprise at least one guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 39, that the first number is equal to 39 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 19, that the first number is equal to 19 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 38, or that the first number is equal to 38 and the second number is equal to 1; based on that the four frames comprise DCI and lack a guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 35, or that the first number is equal to 35 and the second number is equal to 1; based on the four frames comprise DCI and at least one guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 34, that the first number is equal to 34 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 17, or that the first number is equal to 17 and the second number is equal to 2; based on that the four frames comprise DCI for a downlink transmission with IMS data and DCI for a downlink transmission with paging, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 33, or that the first number is equal to 33 and the second number is equal to 1; based on that the four frames comprise DCI for a downlink transmission with downlink IMS data, DCI for an uplink transmission with uplink IMS data, DCI for a downlink transmission with paging, and at least one guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 31, or that the first number is equal to 31 and the second number is equal to 1.
[0317] FIG. 24 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 2400 implemented at a terminal device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 2400 will be described from the perspective of the terminal device 110 in FIG. 1.
[0318] At block 2410, the terminal device 110 receives, from a network device, information indicating usage of a set of subframes comprised in one or more frames, wherein further subframes comprised in the one or more frames other than the set of subframes are configured for transmitting packets from an IMS.
[0319] At block 2420, the terminal device 110 performs communication with the network device within the set of subframes based on the received information.
[0320] In some example embodiments, the information indicates that the set of subframes comprises at least one of: a subframe for a narrowband physical downlink control channel, a subframe for a narrowband physical downlink shared channel, a subframe for a narrowband physical broadcast channel, a subframe for a narrowband physical uplink shared channel other transmission of the packets, a subframe for a NRS, a subframe for a NPRS, a subframe for a NWUS, a subframe for a narrowband synchronization signal (NPSS, NSSS) , or a slot for a guard period.
[0321] In some example embodiments, the usage of the set of subframes is indicated by a pattern defining distribution of the set of subframes relative to the further subframes.
[0322] In some example embodiments, the pattern defines at least one of: that the set of subframes are all after the further subframes, that the set of subframes are all before the further subframes, or that at least one subframe in the set of subframes is before the further subframes and the other subframes are after the further subframes.
[0323] In some example embodiments, the set of subframes and the further frames are defined by a sliding window comprising a predefined or configured number of subframes.
[0324] In some example embodiments, the number of the set of subframes is determined based on a generation duration of each of the packets.
[0325] FIG. 25 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 2500 implemented at a network device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 2500 will be described from the perspective of the network device 120 in FIG. 1.
[0326] At block 2510, the network device 120 transmits, to a terminal device, information indicating usage of a set of subframes comprised in one or more frames, wherein further subframes comprised in the one or more frames other than the set of subframes are configured for transmitting packets from an IMS.
[0327] At block 2520, the network device 120 performs communication with the terminal device within the set of subframes based on the transmitted information.
[0328] In some example embodiments, the information indicates that the set of subframes comprises at least one of: a subframe for a narrowband physical downlink control channel, a subframe for a narrowband physical downlink shared channel, a subframe for a narrowband physical broadcast channel, a subframe for a narrowband physical uplink shared channel other transmission of the packets, a subframe for a NRS, a subframe for a NPRS, a subframe for a NWUS, a subframe for a narrowband synchronization signal (NPSS, NSSS) , or a slot for a guard period.
[0329] In some example embodiments, the usage of the set of subframes is indicated by a pattern defining distribution of the set of subframes relative to the further subframes.
[0330] In some example embodiments, the pattern defines at least one of: that the set of subframes are all after the further subframes, that the set of subframes are all before the further subframes, or that at least one subframe in the set of subframes is before the further subframes and the other subframes are after the further subframes.
[0331] In some example embodiments, the set of subframes and the further frames are defined by a sliding window comprising a predefined or configured number of subframes.
[0332] In some example embodiments, the number of the set of subframes is determined based on a generation duration of each of the packets.
[0333] FIG. 26 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 2600 implemented at a terminal device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 2600 will be described from the perspective of the terminal device 110 in FIG. 1.
[0334] At block 2610, the terminal device 110 receives, from a network device, information indicating usage of a set of slots, wherein a sum of a time length of one or more resource units and a time length of the set of slots corresponds to a generation duration of a packet from an IMS, the one or more resource units are configured for transmitting the packet, and a resource unit of the one or more resource units comprise less than 16 slots.
[0335] At block 2620, the terminal device 110 performs communication with the network device based on the received information.
[0336] In some example embodiments, the information indicates that the set of slots comprises at least one of: a subframe for a narrowband physical downlink control channel, a subframe for a narrowband physical downlink shared channel, a subframe for a narrowband physical broadcast channel, a slot for a narrowband physical uplink shared channel other transmission of the packets, a subframe for a NRS, a subframe for a NPRS, a subframe for a NWUS, a subframe for a narrowband synchronization signal (NPSS, NSSS) , or a subframe for a guard period.
[0337] In some example embodiments, the generation duration is equal to two frames, and the set of slots comprises a slot for a narrowband physical uplink shared channel other transmission of the packets.
[0338] In some example embodiments, the generation duration is equal to four frames, and the set of slots comprises at least one of: a subframe for a narrowband physical downlink control channel, a subframe for a narrowband physical downlink shared channel, a slot for a narrowband physical uplink shared channel other transmission of the packets, or a subframe for a guard period.
[0339] FIG. 27 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 2700 implemented at a network device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 2700 will be described from the perspective of the network device 120 in FIG. 1.
[0340] At block 2710, the network device 120 transmits, to a terminal device, information indicating usage of a set of slots, wherein a sum of a time length of one or more resource units and a time length of the set of slots corresponds to a generation duration of a packet from an IMS, the one or more resource units are configured for transmitting the packet, and a resource unit of the one or more resource units comprise less than 16 slots.
[0341] At block 2720, the network device 120 performs communication with the network device based on the received information.
[0342] In some example embodiments, the information indicates that the set of slots comprises at least one of: a subframe for a narrowband physical downlink control channel, a subframe for a narrowband physical downlink shared channel, a subframe for a narrowband physical broadcast channel, a slot for a narrowband physical uplink shared channel other transmission of the packets, a subframe for a NRS, a subframe for a NPRS, a subframe for a NWUS, a subframe for a narrowband synchronization signal (NPSS, NSSS) , or a subframe for a guard period.
[0343] In some example embodiments, the generation duration is equal to two frames, and the set of slots comprises a slot for a narrowband physical uplink shared channel other transmission of the packets.
[0344] In some example embodiments, the generation duration is equal to four frames, and the set of slots comprises at least one of: a subframe for a narrowband physical downlink control channel, a subframe for a narrowband physical downlink shared channel, a slot for a narrowband physical uplink shared channel other transmission of the packets, or a subframe for a guard period.
[0345] FIG. 28 is a simplified block diagram of a device 2800 that is suitable for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure. The device 2800 can be considered as a further example implementation of any of the devices as shown in FIG. 1. Accordingly, the device 2800 can be implemented at or as at least a part of the terminal device 110 or the network device 120.
[0346] As shown, the device 2800 includes a processor 2810, a memory 2820 coupled to the processor 2810, a suitable transceiver 2840 coupled to the processor 2810, and a communication interface coupled to the transceiver 2840. The memory 2820 stores at least a part of a program 2830. The transceiver 2840 may be for bidirectional communications or a unidirectional communication based on requirements. The transceiver 2840 may include at least one of a transmitter 2842 and a receiver 2844. The transmitter 2842 and the receiver 2844 may be functional modules or physical entities. The transceiver 2840 has at least one antenna to facilitate communication, though in practice an Access Node mentioned in this application may have several ones. The communication interface may represent any interface that is necessary for communication with other network elements, such as X2 / Xn interface for bidirectional communications between eNBs / gNBs, S1 / NG interface for communication between a Mobility Management Entity (MME) / Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) / SGW / UPF and the eNB / gNB, Un interface for communication between the eNB / gNB and a relay node (RN) , or Uu interface for communication between the eNB / gNB and a terminal device.
[0347] The program 2830 is assumed to include program instructions that, when executed by the associated processor 2810, enable the device 2800 to operate in accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, as discussed herein with reference to FIGS. 1 to 28. The embodiments herein may be implemented by computer software executable by the processor 2810 of the device 2800, or by hardware, or by a combination of software and hardware. The processor 2810 may be configured to implement various embodiments of the present disclosure. Furthermore, a combination of the processor 2810 and memory 2820 may form processing means 2850 adapted to implement various embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0348] The memory 2820 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network and may be implemented using any suitable data storage technology, such as a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, semiconductor-based memory devices, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical memory devices and systems, fixed memory and removable memory, as non-limiting examples. While only one memory 2820 is shown in the device 2800, there may be several physically distinct memory modules in the device 2800. The processor 2810 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network, and may include one or more of general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and processors based on multicore processor architecture, as non-limiting examples. The device 2800 may have multiple processors, such as an application specific integrated circuit chip that is slaved in time to a clock which synchronizes the main processor.
[0349] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: obtain a plurality of packets from an IMS corresponding to a plurality of time durations respectively, wherein a packet of the plurality of packets is generated within a corresponding time duration; for each packet of the plurality of packets, apply a codeword of a plurality of codewords to the packet to generate a plurality of uplink channel signals, wherein the plurality of codewords is orthogonal to each other; and transmit, to a network device, the plurality of uplink channel signals by using one or more resources in time and frequency domain. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the terminal device as discussed above.
[0350] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a network device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: receive, from a terminal device, a signal on one or more resources in time and frequency domain; apply a plurality of codewords to the received signal to obtain a plurality of demultiplexed signals, wherein the plurality of codewords is orthogonal to each other; and decode a plurality of packets from an IMS corresponding to a plurality of time durations respectively, wherein a packet of the plurality of packets is generated within a corresponding time durationAccording to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the network device as discussed above.
[0351] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: obtain, from a network device, allocation information for transmission of packets from an IMS on one or more carriers, the allocation information comprising a first number of subframes occupied by transmitting a packet once and a second number of repetition times for transmitting the packet; and decode the packet from the network device on the one or more carriers based on the allocation information. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the terminal device as discussed above.
[0352] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a network device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: obtain, for a terminal device, allocation information for transmission of packets from an IMS on one or more carriers, the allocation information comprising a first number of subframes occupied by transmitting a packet once and a second number of repetition times for transmitting the packet; and transmit the packet to the terminal device on the one or more carriers based on the allocation information. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the network device as discussed above.
[0353] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: receive, from a network device, information indicating usage of a set of subframes comprised in one or more frames, wherein further subframes comprised in the one or more frames other than the set of subframes are configured for transmitting packets from an IMS; and perform communication with the network device within the set of subframes based on the received information. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the terminal device as discussed above.
[0354] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a network device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: transmit, to a terminal device, information indicating usage of a set of subframes comprised in one or more frames, wherein further subframes comprised in the one or more frames other than the set of subframes are configured for transmitting packets from an IMS; and perform communication with the terminal device within the set of subframes based on the transmitted information. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the network device as discussed above.
[0355] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: receive, from a network device, information indicating usage of a set of slots, wherein a sum of a time length of one or more resource units and a time length of the set of slots corresponds to a generation duration of a packet from an IMS, the one or more resource units are configured for transmitting the packet, and a resource unit of the one or more resource units comprise less than 16 slots; and perform communication with the network device based on the received information. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the terminal device as discussed above.
[0356] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a network device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: transmit, to a terminal device, information indicating usage of a set of slots, wherein a sum of a time length of one or more resource units and a time length of the set of slots corresponds to a generation duration of a packet from an IMS, the one or more resource units are configured for transmitting the packet, and a resource unit of the one or more resource units comprise less than 16 slots; and perform communication with the network device based on the received information. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the network device as discussed above.
[0357] The term “circuitry” used herein may refer to hardware circuits and / or combinations of hardware circuits and software. For example, the circuitry may be a combination of analog and / or digital hardware circuits with software / firmware. As a further example, the circuitry may be any portions of hardware processors with software including digital signal processor (s) , software, and memory (ies) that work together to cause an apparatus, such as a terminal device or a network device, to perform various functions. In a still further example, the circuitry may be hardware circuits and or processors, such as a microprocessor or a portion of a microprocessor, that requires software / firmware for operation, but the software may not be present when it is not needed for operation. As used herein, the term circuitry also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor (s) or a portion of a hardware circuit or processor (s) and its (or their) accompanying software and / or firmware.
[0358] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal apparatus is provided. The terminal apparatus comprises means for obtaining a plurality of packets from an IMS corresponding to a plurality of time durations respectively, wherein a packet of the plurality of packets is generated within a corresponding time duration; means for for each packet of the plurality of packets, applying a codeword of a plurality of codewords to the packet to generate a plurality of uplink channel signals, wherein the plurality of codewords is orthogonal to each other; and means for transmitting, to a network device, the plurality of uplink channel signals by using one or more resources in time and frequency domain. In some embodiments, the terminal apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 2000. In some example embodiments, the terminal apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 2000. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0359] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a network apparatus is provided. The network apparatus comprises means for receiving, from a terminal device, a signal on one or more resources in time and frequency domain; means for applying a plurality of codewords to the received signal to obtain a plurality of demultiplexed signals, wherein the plurality of codewords is orthogonal to each other; and means for decoding a plurality of packets from an IMS corresponding to a plurality of time durations respectively, wherein a packet of the plurality of packets is generated within a corresponding time duration In some embodiments, the network apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 2100. In some example embodiments, the network apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 2100. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0360] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal apparatus is provided. The terminal apparatus comprises means for obtaining, from a network device, allocation information for transmission of packets from an IMS on one or more carriers, the allocation information comprising a first number of subframes occupied by transmitting a packet once and a second number of repetition times for transmitting the packet; and means for decoding the packet from the network device on the one or more carriers based on the allocation information. In some embodiments, the terminal apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 2200. In some example embodiments, the terminal apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 2200. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0361] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a network apparatus is provided. The network apparatus comprises means for obtaining, for a terminal device, allocation information for transmission of packets from an IMS on one or more carriers, the allocation information comprising a first number of subframes occupied by transmitting a packet once and a second number of repetition times for transmitting the packet; and means for transmitting the packet to the terminal device on the one or more carriers based on the allocation information. In some embodiments, the network apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 2300. In some example embodiments, the network apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 2300. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0362] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal apparatus is provided. The terminal apparatus comprises means for receiving, from a network device, information indicating usage of a set of subframes comprised in one or more frames, wherein further subframes comprised in the one or more frames other than the set of subframes are configured for transmitting packets from an IMS; and means for performing communication with the network device within the set of subframes based on the received information. In some embodiments, the terminal apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 2400. In some example embodiments, the terminal apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 2400. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0363] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a network apparatus is provided. The network apparatus comprises means for transmitting, to a terminal device, information indicating usage of a set of subframes comprised in one or more frames, wherein further subframes comprised in the one or more frames other than the set of subframes are configured for transmitting packets from an IMS; and means for performing communication with the terminal device within the set of subframes based on the transmitted information. In some embodiments, the network apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 2500. In some example embodiments, the network apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 2500. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0364] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal apparatus is provided. The terminal apparatus comprises means for receiving, from a network device, information indicating usage of a set of slots, wherein a sum of a time length of one or more resource units and a time length of the set of slots corresponds to a generation duration of a packet from an IMS, the one or more resource units are configured for transmitting the packet, and a resource unit of the one or more resource units comprise less than 16 slots; and means for performing communication with the network device based on the received information. In some embodiments, the terminal apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 2600. In some example embodiments, the terminal apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 2600. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0365] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a network apparatus is provided. The network apparatus comprises means for transmitting, to a terminal device, information indicating usage of a set of slots, wherein a sum of a time length of one or more resource units and a time length of the set of slots corresponds to a generation duration of a packet from an IMS, the one or more resource units are configured for transmitting the packet, and a resource unit of the one or more resource units comprise less than 16 slots; and means for performing communication with the network device based on the received information. In some embodiments, the network apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 2700. In some example embodiments, the network apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 2700. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0366] In summary, embodiments of the present disclosure provide the following aspects.
[0367] In an aspect, it is proposed a terminal device comprising: a processor configured to cause the terminal device to: obtain a plurality of packets from an IMS corresponding to a plurality of time durations respectively, wherein a packet of the plurality of packets is generated within a corresponding time duration; for each packet of the plurality of packets, apply a codeword of a plurality of codewords to the packet to generate a plurality of uplink channel signals, wherein the plurality of codewords is orthogonal to each other; and transmit, to a network device, the plurality of uplink channel signals by using one or more resources in time and frequency domain.
[0368] In some embodiments, the terminal device is further caused to: determine one of the following parameters based on others of the following parameters: a number of resource units within which transmission of a packet from the IMS is repeated, a multiplex level for packet transmission, and a time length of each of the plurality of time durations.
[0369] In some embodiments, a time length corresponding to a resource unit is larger than a predetermined time length.
[0370] In some embodiments, a time length of each of the plurality of time durations is smaller than a time length corresponding to a resource unit, a multiplex level for packet transmission is a first level, and transmission of an uplink channel signal of the plurality of uplink channel signals is repeated within a first number of resource units, the first number smaller than the first level.
[0371] In some embodiments, the termina device is further caused to: adapt at least one of a coding parameter, a modulation parameter or a TBS determination parameter based on the first level and a number of symbols within the first number of resource units.
[0372] In some embodiments, a multiplex level for packet transmission is a second level, transmission of an uplink channel signal of the plurality of uplink channel signals is repeated within a second number of resource units, and a time length of each of the plurality of time durations is the second number multiple a predetermined time length.
[0373] In some embodiments, the second number has a value of 2.
[0374] In some embodiments, a time length of each of the plurality of time durations is larger than a time length corresponding to a resource unit, a multiplex level for packet transmission is a first level, and transmission of an uplink channel signal of the plurality of uplink channel signals is repeated within a third number of resource units, the third number equal to or larger than the first level.
[0375] In some embodiments, the third number larger than the first level, and the terminal device is further caused to: adapt at least one of a coding parameter, a modulation parameter or a TBS determination parameter based on the first level and a number of symbols within the third number of resource units.
[0376] In some embodiments, the terminal device is further caused to: in accordance with a determination that a value of a multiplex level for packet transmission is not equal to a value of a number of resource units within which transmission of a packet from the IMS is repeated, adapt at least one of a coding parameter, a modulation parameter or a TBS determination parameter based on the multiplex level and a number of symbols within the resource units.
[0377] In some embodiments, a time length corresponding to a resource unit is smaller than a predetermined time length, and an uplink channel signal of the plurality of uplink channel signals is transmitted a plurality of times within a plurality of resource units.
[0378] In some embodiments, a time length of each of the plurality of time durations is the predetermined time length, a multiplex level for packet transmission is a second level, and an uplink channel signal of the plurality of uplink channel signals is transmitted a fourth number of times within a fifth number of resource units, the fourth number being an integer multiple of the second level and the fifth number equal to or larger than the fourth number.
[0379] In some embodiments, the fifth number is larger than the fourth number by one.
[0380] In some embodiments, a time length of each of the plurality of time durations is an integer multiple of the predetermined time length, a multiplex level for packet transmission is a second level, and an uplink channel signal of the plurality of uplink channel signals is transmitted a sixth number of times within the sixth number of resource units, the six number being an integer multiple of the second level.
[0381] In some embodiments, a time length of each of the plurality of time durations is the predetermined time length, a multiplex level for packet transmission is a first level, and an uplink channel signal of the plurality of uplink channel signals is transmitted a seventh number of times within an eighth number of resource units, the seventh number being an integer multiple of the first level and the eighth number equal to or larger than the seventh number.
[0382] In some embodiments, the eighth number is larger than the seventh number by two.
[0383] In some embodiments, a time length of each of the plurality of time durations is an integer multiple of the predetermined time length, a multiplex level for packet transmission is a first level, and an uplink channel signal of the plurality of uplink channel signals is transmitted a ninth number of times within the ninth number of resource units, the ninth number being an integer multiple of the first level.
[0384] In some embodiments, the terminal device is further caused to: transmit, to the network device, capability information indicative of supporting multiplexed transmission of different packets from the IMS.
[0385] In some embodiments, the terminal device is further caused to: receive, from the network device, configuration information for multiplexed transmissions of different packets from the IMS.
[0386] In some embodiments, the terminal device is further caused to: receive, from the network device, control information indicative of a change in a configuration associated with the plurality of codewords.
[0387] In some embodiments, the change is indicated by at least one of: a field for a redundancy version, a field for Hybrid Automatic Repeat request process, or a field for resource reservation.
[0388] In an aspect, it is proposed a network device comprising: a processor configured to cause the network device to: receive, from a terminal device, a signal on one or more resources in time and frequency domain; apply a plurality of codewords to the received signal to obtain a plurality of demultiplexed signals, wherein the plurality of codewords is orthogonal to each other; and decode a plurality of packets from an IMS corresponding to a plurality of time durations respectively, wherein a packet of the plurality of packets is generated within a corresponding time duration.
[0389] In some embodiments, the network device is further caused to: receive, from the terminal device, capability information indicative of supporting multiplexed transmission of different packets from the IMS.
[0390] In some embodiments, the network device is further caused to: transmit, to the terminal device, configuration information for multiplexed transmissions of different packets from the IMS.
[0391] In some embodiments, the network device is further caused to: transmit, to the terminal device, control information indicative of a change in a configuration associated with the plurality of codewords.
[0392] In some embodiments, the change is indicated by at least one of: a field for a redundancy version, a field for Hybrid Automatic Repeat request process, or a field for resource reservation.
[0393] In an aspect, it is proposed a terminal device comprising: a processor configured to cause the terminal device to: obtain, from a network device, allocation information for transmission of packets from an IMS on one or more carriers, the allocation information comprising a first number of subframes occupied by transmitting a packet once and a second number of repetition times for transmitting the packet; and decode the packet from the network device on the one or more carriers based on the allocation information.
[0394] In some embodiments, the one or more carriers comprise an anchor carrier, and combination of the first number and the second number is based at least on subframes on the anchor carrier for at least one of synchronization, a broad cast information transmission, or an uplink transmission.
[0395] In some embodiments, a generation duration of the packet is equal to a time length of two frames, and based on that the two frames lack paging information and system information, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 15, that the first number is equal to 3 and the second number is equal to 5, that the first number is equal to 5 and the second number is equal to 3, or that the first number is equal to 15 and the second number is equal to 1; based on that the two frames comprise SIB1, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 14, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 7, that the first number is equal to 7 and the second number is equal to 2, or that the first number is equal to 14 and the second number is equal to 1; based on that the two frames comprise paging information, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 13, or that the first number is equal to 13 and the second number is equal to 1; based on that the two frames comprise paging information and SIB1 or SIB31, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 12, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 6, that the first number is equal to 4 and the second number is equal to 3, or that the first number is equal to 12 and the second number is equal to 1, based on that the two frames comprise paging information and SIB1 and SIB31, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 11, that the first number is equal to 11 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 10, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 5, based on that the two frames comprise paging information and an SIB other that SIB1 and SIB31, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 9, that the first number is equal to 9 and the second number is equal to 1, or that the first number is equal to 3 and the second number is equal to 3.
[0396] In some embodiments, a generation duration of the packet is equal to a time length of four frames, and based on that the two frames lack paging information or system information, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 30, that the first number is equal to 30 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 15, that the first number is equal to 15 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 3 and the second number is equal to 10, that the first number is equal to 10 and the second number is equal to 3, that the first number is equal to 5 and the second number is equal to 6, or that the first number is equal to 6 and the second number is equal to 5; based on that the two frames comprise SIB1, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 28, that the first number is equal to 28 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 14, that the first number is equal to 14 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 4 and the second number is equal to 7, or that the first number is equal to 7 and the second number is equal to 4; based on that the two frames comprise paging information, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 26, or that the first number is equal to 26 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 13, or that the first number is equal to 13 and the second number is equal to 2; based on that the two frames comprise paging information and SIB1 or SIB31, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 24, that the first number is equal to 24 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 12, or that the first number is equal to 12 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 8 and the second number is equal to 3, that the first number is equal to 4 and the second number is equal to 6, or that the first number is equal to 6 and the second number is equal to 4; based on that the two frames comprise paging information and SIB1 and SIB31, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 22, that the first number is equal to 22 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 20, that the first number is equal to 20 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 5 and the second number is equal to 4, or that the first number is equal to 4 and the second number is equal to 5; based on that the two frames comprise paging information and an SIB other that SIB1 and SIB31, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 18, that the first number is equal to 18 and the second number is equal to 1, or that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 9, that the first number is equal to 9 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 3 and the second number is equal to 6, or that the first number is equal to 6 and the second number is equal to 3.
[0397] In some embodiments, the one or more carriers comprise a non-anchor carrier, and combination of the first number and the second number is based on subframes on the non-anchor carrier for at least one of: DCI for an uplink transmission, DCI for a downlink transmission, an uplink transmission, paging information, or a guard period.
[0398] In some embodiments, a generation duration of the packet is equal to a time length of two frames, and based on the two frames lack DCI or the guard period, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 20, that the first number is equal to 20 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 10, that the first number is equal to 10 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 4 and the second number is equal to 5, or that the first number is equal to 5 and the second number is equal to 4; based on the two frames lack DCI and comprise at least one guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 19, that the first number is equal to 19 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 9, that the first number is equal to 9 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 3 and the second number is equal to 6, or that the first number is equal to 6 and the second number is equal to 3; based on the two frames comprise DCI and lack a guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 15, that the first number is equal to 15 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 8, or that the first number is equal to 8 and the second number is equal to 2; based on the two frames comprise DCI and at least one guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 14, that the first number is equal to 14 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 7, or that the first number is equal to 7 and the second number is equal to 2; based on the two frames comprise DCI for a downlink transmission with IMS data and DCI for a downlink transmission with paging, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 13, or that the first number is equal to 13 and the second number is equal to 1; based on the two frames comprise DCI for a downlink transmission with downlink IMS data, DCI for an uplink transmission with uplink IMS data, DCI for a downlink transmission with paging, and at least one guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 11, or that the first number is equal to 11 and the second number is equal to 1.
[0399] In some embodiments, a generation duration of the packet is equal to a time length of four frames, and based on the two frames lack DCI or the guard period, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 40, that the first number is equal to 40 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 20, that the first number is equal to 20 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 4 and the second number is equal to 10, that the first number is equal to 10 and the second number is equal to 4, that the first number is equal to 8 and the second number is equal to 5, or that the first number is equal to 5 and the second number is equal to 8; based on the two frames lack DCI and comprise at least one guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 39, that the first number is equal to 39 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 19, that the first number is equal to 19 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 38, or that the first number is equal to 38 and the second number is equal to 1; based on the two frames comprise DCI and lack a guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 35, or that the first number is equal to 35 and the second number is equal to 1; based on the two frames comprise DCI and at least one guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 34, that the first number is equal to 34 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 17, or that the first number is equal to 17 and the second number is equal to 2; based on the two frames comprises DCI for a downlink transmission with IMS data and DCI for a downlink transmission with paging, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 33, or that the first number is equal to 33 and the second number is equal to 1; based on the two frames comprises DCI for a downlink transmission with downlink IMS data, DCI for an uplink transmission with uplink IMS data, DCI for a downlink transmission with paging, and at least one guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 31, or that the first number is equal to 31 and the second number is equal to 1.
[0400] In an aspect, it is proposed a network device comprising: a processor configured to cause the network device to: obtain, for a terminal device, allocation information for transmission of packets from an IMS on one or more carriers, the allocation information comprising a first number of subframes occupied by transmitting a packet once and a second number of repetition times for transmitting the packet; and transmit the packet to the terminal device on the one or more carriers based on the allocation information.
[0401] In some embodiments, the one or more carriers comprise an anchor carrier, and combination of the first number and the second number is based on subframes on the anchor carrier for at least one of synchronization, a broad cast information transmission, or an uplink transmission.
[0402] In some embodiments, a generation duration of the packet is equal to a time length of two frames, and based on that the two frames lack paging information or system information, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 15, that the first number is equal to 3 and the second number is equal to 5, that the first number is equal to 5 and the second number is equal to 3, or that the first number is equal to 15 and the second number is equal to 1; based on that the two frames comprise SIB1, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 14, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 7, that the first number is equal to 7 and the second number is equal to 2, or that the first number is equal to 14 and the second number is equal to 1; based on that the two frames comprise paging information, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 13, or that the first number is equal to 13 and the second number is equal to 1; based on that the two frames comprise paging information and SIB1 or SIB31, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 12, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 6, that the first number is equal to 4 and the second number is equal to 3, or that the first number is equal to 12 and the second number is equal to 1, based on that the two frames comprise paging information and SIB1 and SIB31, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 11, that the first number is equal to 11 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 10, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 5, based on that the two frames comprise paging information and an SIB other that SIB1 and SIB31, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 9, that the first number is equal to 9 and the second number is equal to 1, or that the first number is equal to 3 and the second number is equal to 3.
[0403] In some embodiments, a generation duration of the packet is equal to a time length of four frames, and based on that the two frames lack paging information or system information, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 30, that the first number is equal to 30 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 15, that the first number is equal to 15 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 3 and the second number is equal to 10, that the first number is equal to 10 and the second number is equal to 3, that the first number is equal to 5 and the second number is equal to 6, or that the first number is equal to 6 and the second number is equal to 5; based on that the two frames comprise SIB1, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 28, that the first number is equal to 28 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 14, that the first number is equal to 14 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 4 and the second number is equal to 7, or that the first number is equal to 7 and the second number is equal to 4; based on that the two frames comprise paging information, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 26, or that the first number is equal to 26 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 13, or that the first number is equal to 13 and the second number is equal to 2; based on that the two frames comprise paging information and SIB1 or SIB31, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 24, that the first number is equal to 24 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 12, or that the first number is equal to 12 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 8 and the second number is equal to 3, that the first number is equal to 4 and the second number is equal to 6, or that the first number is equal to 6 and the second number is equal to 4; based on that the two frames comprise paging information and SIB1 and SIB31, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 22, that the first number is equal to 22 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 20, that the first number is equal to 20 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 5 and the second number is equal to 4, or that the first number is equal to 4 and the second number is equal to 5; based on that the two frames comprise paging information and an SIB other that SIB1 and SIB31, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 18, that the first number is equal to 18 and the second number is equal to 1, or that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 9, that the first number is equal to 9 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 3 and the second number is equal to 6, or that the first number is equal to 6 and the second number is equal to 3.
[0404] In some embodiments, the one or more carriers comprise a non-anchor carrier, and combination of the first number and the second number is based on subframes on the non-anchor carrier for at least one of: DCI for an uplink transmission, DCI for a downlink transmission, an uplink transmission, paging information, or a guard period.
[0405] In some embodiments, a generation duration of the packet is equal to a time length of two frames, and based on the two frames lack DCI or the guard period, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 20, that the first number is equal to 20 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 10, that the first number is equal to 10 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 4 and the second number is equal to 5, or that the first number is equal to 5 and the second number is equal to 4; based on the two frames lack DCI and comprise at least one guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 19, that the first number is equal to 19 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 9, that the first number is equal to 9 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 3 and the second number is equal to 6, or that the first number is equal to 6 and the second number is equal to 3; based on the two frames comprise DCI and lack a guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 15, that the first number is equal to 15 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 8, or that the first number is equal to 8 and the second number is equal to 2; based on the two frames comprises DCI and at least one guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 14, that the first number is equal to 14 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 7, or that the first number is equal to 7 and the second number is equal to 2; based on the two frames comprise DCI for a downlink transmission with IMS data and DCI for a downlink transmission with paging, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 13, or that the first number is equal to 13 and the second number is equal to 1; based on the DCI for a downlink transmission with downlink IMS data, DCI for an uplink transmission with uplink IMS data, DCI for a downlink transmission with paging, and at least one guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 11, or that the first number is equal to 11 and the second number is equal to 1.
[0406] In some embodiments, a generation duration of the packet is equal to a time length of four frames, and based on the two frames lack DCI or the guard period, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 40, that the first number is equal to 40 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 20, that the first number is equal to 20 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 4 and the second number is equal to 10, that the first number is equal to 10 and the second number is equal to 4, that the first number is equal to 8 and the second number is equal to 5, or that the first number is equal to 5 and the second number is equal to 8; based on the two frames lack DCI and comprise at least one guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 39, that the first number is equal to 39 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 19, that the first number is equal to 19 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 38, or that the first number is equal to 38 and the second number is equal to 1; based on the two frames comprise DCI and lack a guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 35, or that the first number is equal to 35 and the second number is equal to 1; based on the two frames comprise DCI and at least one guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 34, that the first number is equal to 34 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 17, or that the first number is equal to 17 and the second number is equal to 2; based on the two frames comprise DCI for a downlink transmission with IMS data and DCI for a downlink transmission with paging, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 33, or that the first number is equal to 33 and the second number is equal to 1; based on the two frames comprise DCI for a downlink transmission with downlink IMS data, DCI for an uplink transmission with uplink IMS data, DCI for a downlink transmission with paging, and at least one guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 31, or that the first number is equal to 31 and the second number is equal to 1.
[0407] In an aspect, it is proposed a terminal device comprising: a processor configured to cause the terminal device to: receive, from a network device, information indicating usage of a set of subframes comprised in one or more frames, wherein further subframes comprised in the one or more frames other than the set of subframes are configured for transmitting packets from an IMS; and perform communication with the network device within the set of subframes based on the received information.
[0408] In some embodiments, the information indicates that the set of subframes comprises at least one of: a subframe for a narrowband physical downlink control channel, a subframe for a narrowband physical downlink shared channel, a subframe for a narrowband physical broadcast channel, a subframe for a narrowband physical uplink shared channel other transmission of the packets, a subframe for a NRS, a subframe for a NPRS, a subframe for a NWUS, a subframe for a narrowband synchronization signal (NPSS, NSSS) , or a slot for a guard period.
[0409] In some embodiments, the usage of the set of subframes is indicated by a pattern defining distribution of the set of subframes relative to the further subframes.
[0410] In some embodiments, the pattern defines at least one of: that the set of subframes are all after the further subframes, that the set of subframes are all before the further subframes, or that at least one subframe in the set of subframes is before the further subframes and the other subframes are after the further subframes.
[0411] In some embodiments, the set of subframes and the further frames are defined by a sliding window comprising a predefined or configured number of subframes.
[0412] In some embodiments, the number of the set of subframes is determined based on a generation duration of each of the packets.
[0413] In an aspect, it is proposed a network device comprising: a processor configured to cause the network device to: transmit, to a terminal device, information indicating usage of a set of subframes comprised in one or more frames, wherein further subframes comprised in the one or more frames other than the set of subframes are configured for transmitting packets from an IMS; and perform communication with the terminal device within the set of subframes based on the transmitted information.
[0414] In some embodiments, the information indicates that the set of subframes comprises at least one of: a subframe for a narrowband physical downlink control channel, a subframe for a narrowband physical downlink shared channel, a subframe for a narrowband physical broadcast channel, a subframe for a narrowband physical uplink shared channel other transmission of the packets, a subframe for a NRS, a subframe for a NPRS, a subframe for a NWUS, a subframe for a narrowband synchronization signal (NPSS, NSSS) , or a slot for a guard period.
[0415] In some embodiments, the usage of the set of subframes is indicated by a pattern defining distribution of the set of subframes relative to the further subframes.
[0416] In some embodiments, the pattern defines at least one of: that the set of subframes are all after the further subframes, that the set of subframes are all before the further subframes, or that at least one subframe in the set of subframes is before the further subframes and the other subframes are after the further subframes.
[0417] In some embodiments, the set of subframes and the further frames are defined by a sliding window comprising a predefined or configured number of subframes.
[0418] In some embodiments, the number of the set of subframes is determined based on a generation duration of each of the packets.
[0419] In an aspect, it is proposed a terminal device comprising: a processor configured to cause the terminal device to: receive, from a network device, information indicating usage of a set of slots, wherein a sum of a time length of one or more resource units and a time length of the set of slots corresponds to a generation duration of a packet from an IMS, the one or more resource units are configured for transmitting the packet, and a resource unit of the one or more resource units comprise less than 16 slots; and perform communication with the network device based on the received information.
[0420] In some embodiments, the information indicates that the set of slots comprises at least one of: a subframe for a narrowband physical downlink control channel, a subframe for a narrowband physical downlink shared channel, a subframe for a narrowband physical broadcast channel, a slot for a narrowband physical uplink shared channel other transmission of the packets, a subframe for a NRS, a subframe for a NPRS, a subframe for a NWUS, a subframe for a narrowband synchronization signal (NPSS, NSSS) , or a subframe for a guard period.
[0421] In some embodiments, the generation duration is equal to two frames, and the set of slots comprises a slot for a narrowband physical uplink shared channel other transmission of the packets.
[0422] In some embodiments, the generation duration is equal to four frames, and the set of slots comprises at least one of: a subframe for a narrowband physical downlink control channel, a subframe for a narrowband physical downlink shared channel, a slot for a narrowband physical uplink shared channel other transmission of the packets, or a subframe for a guard period.
[0423] In an aspect, it is proposed a network device comprising: a processor configured to cause the network device to: transmit, to a terminal device, information indicating usage of a set of slots, wherein a sum of a time length of one or more resource units and a time length of the set of slots corresponds to a generation duration of a packet from an IMS, the one or more resource units are configured for transmitting the packet, and a resource unit of the one or more resource units comprise less than 16 slots; and perform communication with the network device based on the received information.
[0424] In some embodiments, the information indicates that the set of slots comprises at least one of: a subframe for a narrowband physical downlink control channel, a subframe for a narrowband physical downlink shared channel, a subframe for a narrowband physical broadcast channel, a slot for a narrowband physical uplink shared channel other transmission of the packets, a subframe for a NRS, a subframe for a NPRS, a subframe for a NWUS, a subframe for a narrowband synchronization signal (NPSS, NSSS) , or a subframe for a guard period.
[0425] In some embodiments, the generation duration is equal to two frames, and the set of slots comprises a slot for a narrowband physical uplink shared channel other transmission of the packets.
[0426] In some embodiments, the generation duration is equal to four frames, and the set of slots comprises at least one of: a subframe for a narrowband physical downlink control channel, a subframe for a narrowband physical downlink shared channel, a slot for a narrowband physical uplink shared channel other transmission of the packets, or a subframe for a guard period.
[0427] In an aspect, a terminal device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, causing the device to perform the method implemented by the terminal device discussed above.
[0428] In an aspect, a network device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, causing the device to perform the method implemented by the network device discussed above.
[0429] In an aspect, a terminal device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, causing the device to perform the method implemented by the terminal device discussed above.
[0430] In an aspect, a network device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, causing the device to perform the method implemented by the network device discussed above.
[0431] In an aspect, a terminal device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, causing the device to perform the method implemented by the terminal device discussed above.
[0432] In an aspect, a network device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, causing the device to perform the method implemented by the network device discussed above.
[0433] In an aspect, a terminal device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, causing the device to perform the method implemented by the terminal device discussed above.
[0434] In an aspect, a network device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, causing the device to perform the method implemented by the network device discussed above.
[0435] In an aspect, a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the terminal device discussed above.
[0436] In an aspect, a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the network device discussed above.
[0437] In an aspect, a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the terminal device discussed above.
[0438] In an aspect, a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the network device discussed above.
[0439] In an aspect, a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the terminal device discussed above.
[0440] In an aspect, a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the network device discussed above.
[0441] In an aspect, a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the terminal device discussed above.
[0442] In an aspect, a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the network device discussed above.
[0443] In an aspect, a computer program comprising instructions, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the terminal device discussed above.
[0444] In an aspect, a computer program comprising instructions, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the network device discussed above.
[0445] In an aspect, a computer program comprising instructions, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the terminal device discussed above.
[0446] In an aspect, a computer program comprising instructions, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the network device discussed above.
[0447] In an aspect, a computer program comprising instructions, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the terminal device discussed above.
[0448] In an aspect, a computer program comprising instructions, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the network device discussed above.
[0449] In an aspect, a computer program comprising instructions, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the terminal device discussed above.
[0450] In an aspect, a computer program comprising instructions, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the network device discussed above.
[0451] Generally, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in hardware or special purpose circuits, software, logic or any combination thereof. Some aspects may be implemented in hardware, while other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software which may be executed by a controller, microprocessor or other computing device. While various aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated and described as block diagrams, flowcharts, or using some other pictorial representation, it will be appreciated that the blocks, apparatus, systems, techniques or methods described herein may be implemented in, as non-limiting examples, hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.
[0452] The present disclosure also provides at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium. The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions, such as those included in program modules, being executed in a device on a target real or virtual processor, to carry out the process or method as described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 28. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, or the like that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The functionality of the program modules may be combined or split between program modules as desired in various embodiments. Machine-executable instructions for program modules may be executed within a local or distributed device. In a distributed device, program modules may be located in both local and remote storage media.
[0453] Program code for carrying out methods of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes may be provided to a processor or controller of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the program codes, when executed by the processor or controller, cause the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be implemented. The program code may execute entirely on a machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on the remote machine or server.
[0454] The above program code may be embodied on a machine readable medium, which may be any tangible medium that may contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The machine readable medium may be a machine readable signal medium or a machine readable storage medium. A machine readable medium may include but not limited to an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the machine readable storage medium would include an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM) , a read-only memory (ROM) , an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory) , an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) , an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
[0455] Further, while operations are depicted in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Likewise, while several specific implementation details are contained in the above discussions, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the present disclosure, but rather as descriptions of features that may be specific to particular embodiments. Certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable sub-combination.
[0456] Although the present disclosure has been described in language specific to structural features and / or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the present disclosure defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.
Claims
A terminal device comprising:a processor configured to cause the terminal device to:obtain a plurality of packets from an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) corresponding to a plurality of time durations respectively, wherein a packet of the plurality of packets is generated within a corresponding time duration;for each packet of the plurality of packets, apply a codeword of a plurality of codewords to the packet to generate a plurality of uplink channel signals, wherein the plurality of codewords is orthogonal to each other; andtransmit, to a network device, the plurality of uplink channel signals by using one or more resources in time and frequency domain.The terminal device of claim 1, wherein the terminal device is further caused to:determine one of the following parameters based on others of the following parameters:a number of resource units within which transmission of a packet from the IMS is repeated,a multiplex level for packet transmission, anda time length of each of the plurality of time durations.The terminal device of claim 1, wherein a time length corresponding to a resource unit is larger than a predetermined time length.The terminal device of claim 3, wherein a time length of each of the plurality of time durations is smaller than a time length corresponding to a resource unit,a multiplex level for packet transmission is a first level, andtransmission of an uplink channel signal of the plurality of uplink channel signals is repeated within a first number of resource units, the first number smaller than the first level.The terminal device of claim 4, wherein the termina device is further caused to:adapt at least one of a coding parameter, a modulation parameter or a transport block size (TBS) determination parameter based on the first level and a number of symbols within the first number of resource units.The terminal device of claim 3, wherein a multiplex level for packet transmission is a second level,transmission of an uplink channel signal of the plurality of uplink channel signals is repeated within a second number of resource units, anda time length of each of the plurality of time durations is the second number multiple a predetermined time length.The terminal device of claim 6, wherein the second number has a value of 2.The terminal device of claim 3, wherein a time length of each of the plurality of time durations is larger than a time length corresponding to a resource unit,a multiplex level for packet transmission is a first level, andtransmission of an uplink channel signal of the plurality of uplink channel signals is repeated within a third number of resource units, the third number equal to or larger than the first level.The terminal device of claim 8, wherein the third number larger than the first level, and the terminal device is further caused to:adapt at least one of a coding parameter, a modulation parameter or a transport block size (TBS) determination parameter based on the first level and a number of symbols within the third number of resource units.The terminal device of claim 3, wherein the terminal device is further caused to:in accordance with a determination that a value of a multiplex level for packet transmission is not equal to a value of a number of resource units within which transmission of a packet from the IMS is repeated, adapt at least one of a coding parameter, a modulation parameter or a transport block size (TBS) determination parameter based on the multiplex level and a number of symbols within the resource units.The terminal device of claim 1, wherein a time length corresponding to a resource unit is smaller than a predetermined time length, and an uplink channel signal of the plurality of uplink channel signals is transmitted a plurality of times within a plurality of resource units.The terminal device of claim 11, wherein a time length of each of the plurality of time durations is the predetermined time length,a multiplex level for packet transmission is a second level, andan uplink channel signal of the plurality of uplink channel signals is transmitted a fourth number of times within a fifth number of resource units, the fourth number being an integer multiple of the second level and the fifth number equal to or larger than the fourth number.The terminal device of claim 12, wherein the fifth number is larger than the fourth number by one.The terminal device of claim 11, wherein a time length of each of the plurality of time durations is an integer multiple of the predetermined time length,a multiplex level for packet transmission is a second level, andan uplink channel signal of the plurality of uplink channel signals is transmitted a sixth number of times within the sixth number of resource units, the six number being an integer multiple of the second level.The terminal device of claim 11, wherein a time length of each of the plurality of time durations is the predetermined time length,a multiplex level for packet transmission is a first level, andan uplink channel signal of the plurality of uplink channel signals is transmitted a seventh number of times within an eighth number of resource units, the seventh number being an integer multiple of the first level and the eighth number equal to or larger than the seventh number.The terminal device of claim 15, wherein the eighth number is larger than the seventh number by two.The terminal device of claim 11, wherein a time length of each of the plurality of time durations is an integer multiple of the predetermined time length,a multiplex level for packet transmission is a first level, andan uplink channel signal of the plurality of uplink channel signals is transmitted a ninth number of times within the ninth number of resource units, the ninth number being an integer multiple of the first level.The terminal device of claim 1, wherein the terminal device is further caused to:transmit, to the network device, capability information indicative of supporting multiplexed transmission of different packets from the IMS.The terminal device of claim 1, wherein the terminal device is further caused to:receive, from the network device, configuration information for multiplexed transmissions of different packets from the IMS.The terminal device of claim 1, wherein the terminal device is further caused to:receive, from the network device, control information indicative of a change in a configuration associated with the plurality of codewords.The terminal device of claim 20, wherein the change is indicated by at least one of:a field for a redundancy version,a field for Hybrid Automatic Repeat request process, ora field for resource reservation.A terminal device comprising:a processor configured to cause the terminal device to:obtain, from a network device, allocation information for transmission of packets from an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) on one or more carriers, the allocation information comprising a first number of subframes occupied by transmitting a packet once and a second number of repetition times for transmitting the packet; anddecode the packet from the network device on the one or more carriers based on the allocation information.The terminal device of claim 22, wherein the one or more carriers comprise an anchor carrier, and combination of the first number and the second number is based at least on subframes on the anchor carrier for at least one of synchronization, a broad cast information transmission, or an uplink transmission.The terminal device of claim 23, wherein a generation duration of the packet is equal to a time length of two frames, andbased on that the two frames lack paging information and system information, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 15, that the first number is equal to 3 and the second number is equal to 5, that the first number is equal to 5 and the second number is equal to 3, or that the first number is equal to 15 and the second number is equal to 1;based on that the two frames comprise system information block (SIB) 1, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 14, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 7, that the first number is equal to 7 and the second number is equal to 2, or that the first number is equal to 14 and the second number is equal to 1;based on that the two frames comprise paging information, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 13, or that the first number is equal to 13 and the second number is equal to 1;based on that the two frames comprise paging information and SIB1 or SIB31, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 12, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 6, that the first number is equal to 4 and the second number is equal to 3, or that the first number is equal to 12 and the second number is equal to 1,based on that the two frames comprise paging information and SIB1 and SIB31, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 11, that the first number is equal to 11 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 10, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 5,based on that the two frames comprise paging information and an SIB other that SIB1 and SIB31, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 9, that the first number is equal to 9 and the second number is equal to 1, or that the first number is equal to 3 and the second number is equal to 3.The terminal device of claim 23, wherein a generation duration of the packet is equal to a time length of four frames, andbased on that the four frames lack paging information or system information, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 30, that the first number is equal to 30 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 15, that the first number is equal to 15 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 3 and the second number is equal to 10, that the first number is equal to 10 and the second number is equal to 3, that the first number is equal to 5 and the second number is equal to 6, or that the first number is equal to 6 and the second number is equal to 5;based on that the four frames comprise SIB1, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 28, that the first number is equal to 28 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 14, that the first number is equal to 14 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 4 and the second number is equal to 7, or that the first number is equal to 7 and the second number is equal to 4;based on that the four frames comprise paging information, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 26, or that the first number is equal to 26 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 13, or that the first number is equal to 13 and the second number is equal to 2;based on that the four frames comprise paging information and SIB1 or SIB31, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 24, that the first number is equal to 24 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 12, or that the first number is equal to 12 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 8 and the second number is equal to 3, that the first number is equal to 4 and the second number is equal to 6, or that the first number is equal to 6 and the second number is equal to 4;based on that the four frames comprise paging information and SIB1 and SIB31, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 22, that the first number is equal to 22 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 20, that the first number is equal to 20 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 5 and the second number is equal to 4, or that the first number is equal to 4 and the second number is equal to 5;based on that the four frames comprise paging information and an SIB other that SIB1 and SIB31, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 18, that the first number is equal to 18 and the second number is equal to 1, or that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 9, that the first number is equal to 9 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 3 and the second number is equal to 6, or that the first number is equal to 6 and the second number is equal to 3.The terminal device of claim 22, wherein the one or more carriers comprise a non-anchor carrier, and combination of the first number and the second number is based on subframes on the non-anchor carrier for at least one of:downlink control information (DCI) for an uplink transmission,DCI for a downlink transmission,an uplink transmission,paging information, ora guard period.The terminal device of claim 26, wherein a generation duration of the packet is equal to a time length of two frames, andbased on that the two frames lack DCI or the guard period, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 20, that the first number is equal to 20 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 10, that the first number is equal to 10 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 4 and the second number is equal to 5, or that the first number is equal to 5 and the second number is equal to 4;based on that the two frames lack DCI and comprise at least one guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 19, that the first number is equal to 19 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 9, that the first number is equal to 9 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 3 and the second number is equal to 6, or that the first number is equal to 6 and the second number is equal to 3;based on that the two frames comprise DCI and lack a guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 15, that the first number is equal to 15 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 8, or that the first number is equal to 8 and the second number is equal to 2;based on that the two frames comprise DCI and at least one guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 14, that the first number is equal to 14 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 7, or that the first number is equal to 7 and the second number is equal to 2;based on that the two frames comprise DCI for a downlink transmission with IMS data and DCI for a downlink transmission with paging, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 13, or that the first number is equal to 13 and the second number is equal to 1;based on that the two frames comprise DCI for a downlink transmission with downlink IMS data, DCI for an uplink transmission with uplink IMS data, DCI for a downlink transmission with paging, and at least one guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 11, or that the first number is equal to 11 and the second number is equal to 1.The terminal device of claim 26, wherein a generation duration of the packet is equal to a time length of four frames, andbased on that the four frames lack DCI or the guard period, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 40, that the first number is equal to 40 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 20, that the first number is equal to 20 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 4 and the second number is equal to 10, that the first number is equal to 10 and the second number is equal to 4, that the first number is equal to 8 and the second number is equal to 5, or that the first number is equal to 5 and the second number is equal to 8;based on that the four frames lack DCI and comprise at least one guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 39, that the first number is equal to 39 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 19, that the first number is equal to 19 and the second number is equal to 2, that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 38, or that the first number is equal to 38 and the second number is equal to 1;based on that the four frames comprise DCI and lack a guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 35, or that the first number is equal to 35 and the second number is equal to 1;based on that the four frames comprise DCI and at least one guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 34, that the first number is equal to 34 and the second number is equal to 1, that the first number is equal to 2 and the second number is equal to 17, or that the first number is equal to 17 and the second number is equal to 2;based on that the four frames comprise DCI for a downlink transmission with IMS data and DCI for a downlink transmission with paging, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 33, or that the first number is equal to 33 and the second number is equal to 1;based on that the four frames comprise DCI for a downlink transmission with downlink IMS data, DCI for an uplink transmission with uplink IMS data, DCI for a downlink transmission with paging, and at least one guard period subframe, the first number and the second number satisfy one of: that the first number is equal to 1 and the second number is equal to 31, or that the first number is equal to 31 and the second number is equal to 1.A network device comprising:a processor configured to cause the network device to:obtain, for a terminal device, allocation information for transmission of packets from an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) on one or more carriers, the allocation information comprising a first number of subframes occupied by transmitting a packet once and a second number of repetition times for transmitting the packet; andtransmit the packet to the terminal device on the one or more carriers based on the allocation information.The network device of claim 29, wherein the one or more carriers comprise an anchor carrier, and combination of the first number and the second number is based on subframes on the anchor carrier for at least one of synchronization, a broad cast information transmission, or an uplink transmission.A terminal device comprising:a processor configured to cause the terminal device to:receive, from a network device, information indicating usage of a set of subframes comprised in one or more frames, wherein further subframes comprised in the one or more frames other than the set of subframes are configured for transmitting packets from an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) ; andperform communication with the network device within the set of subframes based on the received information.The terminal device of claim 31, wherein the information indicates that the set of subframes comprises at least one of:a subframe for a narrowband physical downlink control channel,a subframe for a narrowband physical downlink shared channel,a subframe for a narrowband physical broadcast channel,a subframe for a narrowband physical uplink shared channel other transmission of the packets,a subframe for a narrowband reference signal (NRS) ,a subframe for a narrowband positioning reference signal (NPRS) ,a subframe for a narrowband wakeup signal (NWUS) ,a subframe for a narrowband synchronization signal (NPSS, NSSS) , ora slot for a guard period.The terminal device of claim 31, wherein the usage of the set of subframes is indicated by a pattern defining distribution of the set of subframes relative to the further subframes.The terminal device of claim 33, wherein the pattern defines at least one of:that the set of subframes are all after the further subframes,that the set of subframes are all before the further subframes, orthat at least one subframe in the set of subframes is before the further subframes and the other subframes are after the further subframes.The terminal device of claim 31, wherein the set of subframes and the further frames are defined by a sliding window comprising a predefined or configured number of subframes.The terminal device of claim 31, wherein the number of the set of subframes is determined based on a generation duration of each of the packets.A network device comprising:a processor configured to cause the network device to:transmit, to a terminal device, information indicating usage of a set of subframes comprised in one or more frames, wherein further subframes comprised in the one or more frames other than the set of subframes are configured for transmitting packets from an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) ; andperform communication with the terminal device within the set of subframes based on the transmitted information.The network device of claim 37, wherein the information indicates that the set of subframes comprises at least one of:a subframe for a narrowband physical downlink control channel,a subframe for a narrowband physical downlink shared channel,a subframe for a narrowband physical broadcast channel,a subframe for a narrowband physical uplink shared channel other transmission of the packets,a subframe for a narrowband reference signal (NRS) ,a subframe for a narrowband positioning reference signal (NPRS) ,a subframe for a narrowband wakeup signal (NWUS) ,a subframe for a narrowband synchronization signal (NPSS, NSSS) , ora slot for a guard period.The network device of claim 37, wherein the usage of the set of subframes is indicated by a pattern defining distribution of the set of subframes relative to the further subframes.The network device of claim 39, wherein the pattern defines at least one of:that the set of subframes are all after the further subframes,that the set of subframes are all before the further subframes, orthat at least one subframe in the set of subframes is before the further subframes and the other subframes are after the further subframes.The network device of claim 37, wherein the set of subframes and the further frames are defined by a sliding window comprising a predefined or configured number of subframes.The network device of claim 37, wherein the number of the set of subframes is determined based on a generation duration of each of the packets.A terminal device comprising:a processor configured to cause the terminal device to:receive, from a network device, information indicating usage of a set of slots, wherein a sum of a time length of one or more resource units and a time length of the set of slots corresponds to a generation duration of a packet from an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) , the one or more resource units are configured for transmitting the packet, and a resource unit of the one or more resource units comprise less than 16 slots; andperform communication with the network device based on the received information.The terminal device of claim 43, wherein the information indicates that the set of slots comprises at least one of:a subframe for a narrowband physical downlink control channel,a subframe for a narrowband physical downlink shared channel,a subframe for a narrowband physical broadcast channel,a slot for a narrowband physical uplink shared channel other transmission of the packets,a subframe for a narrowband reference signal (NRS) ,a subframe for a narrowband positioning reference signal (NPRS) ,a subframe for a narrowband wakeup signal (NWUS) ,a subframe for a narrowband synchronization signal (NPSS, NSSS) , ora subframe for a guard period.The terminal device of claim 44, wherein the generation duration is equal to two frames, and the set of slots comprises a slot for a narrowband physical uplink shared channel other transmission of the packets.The terminal device of claim 44, wherein the generation duration is equal to four frames, and the set of slots comprises at least one of:a subframe for a narrowband physical downlink control channel,a subframe for a narrowband physical downlink shared channel,a slot for a narrowband physical uplink shared channel other transmission of the packets, ora subframe for a guard period.A network device comprising:a processor configured to cause the network device to:transmit, to a terminal device, information indicating usage of a set of slots, wherein a sum of a time length of one or more resource units and a time length of the set of slots corresponds to a generation duration of a packet from an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) , the one or more resource units are configured for transmitting the packet, and a resource unit of the one or more resource units comprise less than 16 slots; andperform communication with the network device based on the received information.The network device of claim 47, wherein the information indicates that the set of slots comprises at least one of:a subframe for a narrowband physical downlink control channel,a subframe for a narrowband physical downlink shared channel,a subframe for a narrowband physical broadcast channel,a slot for a narrowband physical uplink shared channel other transmission of the packets,a subframe for a narrowband reference signal (NRS) ,a subframe for a narrowband positioning reference signal (NPRS) ,a subframe for a narrowband wakeup signal (NWUS) ,a subframe for a narrowband synchronization signal (NPSS, NSSS) , ora subframe for a guard period.