Key role and method of carbon capture by-product ammonium bicarbonate fertilizer in promoting green development of agriculture

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention are a key role and method of a carbon capture by-product ammonium bicarbonate fertilizer in promoting the green development of agriculture. Firstly, ammonia is used to capture carbon dioxide to by-produce ammonium bicarbonate fertilizer; and then the ammonium bicarbonate and ammonium sulfate produced by an ammonia desulfurization technique are used with a phosphate fertilizer, a potassium fertilizer and an auxiliary agent to produce a low-nitrogen compound fertilizer, exerting a compound effect. In combination with deep application, drip irrigation, slow release, nitrogen reduction, phosphorus reduction, and potassium reduction, the effects of pollution reduction, carbon reduction, efficiency increase, and yield increase are achieved, promoting the green development of agriculture.

Description

The key role and method of carbon capture by-product ammonium bicarbonate fertilizer in promoting green agricultural development Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the key role of carbon capture byproduct ammonium bicarbonate fertilizer in promoting green agricultural development and its methods, wherein the use of low-nitrogen granular compound fertilizer combined with deep fertilizer application and the addition of nitrification inhibitors can significantly reduce nitrogen and phosphorus losses. Background Technology

[0002] Ammonium bicarbonate is a fast-acting nitrogen fertilizer, easily soluble in water, and suitable for various crops and soils. Carbon dioxide is one of the raw materials for producing ammonium bicarbonate. Processing CO2 gas from industrial waste gas into ammonium bicarbonate not only solves the problem of direct CO2 emissions into the atmosphere but also produces ammonium bicarbonate fertilizer, making it an inevitable choice for large-scale CO2 utilization. Compared with single ammonium bicarbonate, producing compound fertilizers with macro- and micronutrients by combining ammonium bicarbonate with ammonium sulfate and other raw materials such as phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium, and modifying it using deep application technology and the addition of nitrification inhibitors, can reduce ammonia volatilization, leaching, runoff loss, and greenhouse gas emissions associated with the application of single ammonium bicarbonate.

[0003] Ammonium bicarbonate and ammonium sulfate contain nitrogen in the ammonium form, which can be adsorbed by soil clay minerals and is not easily lost. However, under aerated soil conditions, ammonium nitrogen can be converted into nitrate nitrogen by microorganisms. Nitrate nitrogen moves with water in the soil, easily causing soil nitrogen leaching and loss, resulting in soil and air pollution. Both nitrification and denitrification processes produce the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. Nitrification inhibitors can selectively inhibit the activity of nitrifying bacteria in the soil, thereby hindering the conversion of ammonium nitrogen into nitrate nitrogen, reducing the formation and accumulation of nitrate nitrogen in the soil, and thus reducing the loss of nitrogen fertilizer in the form of nitrate nitrogen and greenhouse gas emissions, which has a positive effect on improving nitrogen fertilizer efficiency.

[0004] Deep application of nitrogen fertilizer is an important measure for the rational application of ammonium bicarbonate. According to relevant research and field observation data, deep application of ammonium bicarbonate reduces ammonia volatilization loss by 50% compared to surface application of urea. Under the same nitrogen application rate, uniformly incorporating ammonium bicarbonate into the 0-15cm soil layer can reduce ammonia volatilization loss in autumn winter wheat fields by 91% compared to broadcast application of urea. Nitrification inhibitor-modified ammonium bicarbonate significantly reduces nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions in black soil by 63% compared to urea, and in major dryland soils in China, modified ammonium bicarbonate can reduce N2O emissions by 79% compared to urea. Excessive application of phosphate fertilizer can easily lead to soil phosphorus excess and phosphorus loss. Under the same weight, the higher the phosphorus content in compound fertilizer, the greater the phosphorus loss. Studies using the life cycle assessment (LCA) method show that compared with compound fertilizer (17-5-13), compound fertilizer (15-15-15) has an average phosphorus loss that is 4.5 times higher.

[0005] CN105110819A discloses a method for producing large-particle sulfur-based urea compound fertilizer as a byproduct of ammonia desulfurization. This method integrates ammonia desulfurization technology and large-particle compound fertilizer granulation technology, and converts sulfur in flue gas into sulfur-based urea compound fertilizer. However, this process does not involve the field of carbon capture.

[0006] CN115947627A discloses a low-cost compound fertilizer for soybeans using ammonium sulfate and ammonium bicarbonate as base fertilizers. The compound fertilizer uses ammonium sulfate, ammonium bicarbonate, phosphate fertilizer, and potash fertilizer as raw materials, and by weight, it comprises 10-15% nitrogen, 5-6% phosphorus pentoxide, 4-5% potassium oxide, ≥8% sulfur, and ≥5% carbon. This compound fertilizer only specifies the nutrient composition and does not describe any added ingredients.

[0007] CN115888372A discloses a system and method for producing carbonate nitrogen fertilizer from flue gas carbon sequestration. The system includes a flue gas reaction absorption tower, which is equipped with an ammonia water spraying unit and flue gas aeration pipes. Utilizing existing ammonia water from a thermal power plant and clean flue gas after desulfurization, denitrification, and dust removal, the system uses aeration or spray atomization technology within the flue gas reaction absorption tower to produce carbonate nitrogen fertilizer from the ammonia water and carbon dioxide in the flue gas. This fertilizer is then used in agricultural production, achieving the goals of waste utilization in the flue gas, flue gas purification, and carbon emission reduction. This method still involves direct carbon capture to produce either ammonium bicarbonate or ammonium carbonate, or a mixture of both, as fertilizer. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Based on the aforementioned preliminary research results, this invention employs a low-nitrogen granular compound fertilizer, wherein the total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and sulfur content is not higher than 28%. In particular, it adopts a 15-3-3-3S low-nitrogen formula and combines it with deep fertilizer application (e.g., trench application, hole application, or a combination thereof) and the addition of nitrification inhibitors, which can significantly reduce nitrogen and phosphorus losses. In this formula, the nitrogen (N) content is not less than 15%, the phosphorus content (as P2O5) is not less than 3%, the potassium content (as K2O) is not less than 3%, and the sulfur content is not less than 3%, but its total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and sulfur content is not higher than 28%.

[0009] The present invention also relates to the following embodiments:

[0010] 1. A method for producing ammonium bicarbonate fertilizer by capturing carbon dioxide with ammonia and its application in agriculture for carbon reduction, pollution control, and carbon sequestration, characterized in that: firstly, ammonium bicarbonate is produced using ammonia capture carbon dioxide technology; then, granular compound fertilizer is produced using the aforementioned ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium sulfate produced by ammonia desulfurization technology, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, and additives; the granular compound fertilizer is a low-nitrogen formula, but its total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and sulfur content is not higher than 28%; the low-nitrogen compound fertilizer can significantly reduce agricultural carbon dioxide emissions, reduce nitrogen and phosphorus losses and their pollution to the water environment and greenhouse gas emissions, and promote green agricultural development.

[0011] 2. The method described in Scheme 1, characterized in that the compound fertilizer is a low-nitrogen formula with a composition of 15-3-3-3S, that is, the nitrogen (N) content is not less than 15%, the phosphorus content (calculated as P2O5) is not less than 3%, the potassium content (calculated as K2O) is not less than 3%, and the sulfur content is not less than 3%, but its total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulfur nutrients are not higher than 28%.

[0012] 3. The method as described in Scheme 1, wherein the ammonium bicarbonate content in the low-nitrogen compound fertilizer is not less than 60% (by weight).

[0013] 4. The method as described in Scheme 1, wherein the ammonium sulfate content in the low-nitrogen compound fertilizer is not less than 6% (by weight).

[0014] 5. The method as described in Scheme 1, wherein the phosphate fertilizer in the low-nitrogen compound fertilizer may be one or a combination of two or more of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and magnesium hydrogen phosphate.

[0015] 6. The method described in Scheme 1, wherein the potassium fertilizer in the low-nitrogen compound fertilizer may be one or a combination of two or more of potassium sulfate, potassium chloride, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0016] 7. The method as described in Scheme 1, wherein the adjuvants contained in the low-nitrogen compound fertilizer include one or more of magnesium oxide, calcium magnesium phosphate, dolomite, and fly ash.

[0017] 8. The method as described in Scheme 1, wherein the adjuvant contained in the low-nitrogen compound fertilizer includes a single nitrification inhibitor, or a compound nitrification inhibitor composed of two or more nitrification inhibitors, or a compound synergist composed of a nitrification inhibitor and at least one natural bioactive substance.

[0018] 9. The method as described in Scheme 1, wherein the low-nitrogen compound fertilizer is applied by trenching, hole application, or drip irrigation into the soil. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Implementation Method 1

[0020] Ammonium bicarbonate is produced by capturing carbon dioxide with ammonia. The resulting ammonium bicarbonate is then combined with ammonium sulfate, a byproduct of ammonia desulfurization, to create a low-nitrogen compound fertilizer (15-3-3-3S) suitable for different soils and crops. The fertilizer, by weight, contains 60%–75% ammonium bicarbonate, 6%–16% ammonium sulfate, 0%–7% ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 0%–7% diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 0%–7% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0%–4% magnesium hydrogen phosphate, 0%–7% potassium sulfate, 0%–6% potassium chloride, 0%–5% calcium and magnesium adjuvants, and 0.5% fertilizer synergist. These components are produced through mechanical mixing and roller granulation.

[0021] Applying low-nitrogen compound fertilizer (15-3-3-3S) using a deep application method, and immediately covering it with 5cm-10cm of soil, or applying it on the surface and then turning it into the soil to a depth of 10cm-30cm using deep tillage machinery, can reduce ammonia volatilization by 50%-70%, reduce surface runoff loss by 60%-90%, reduce nitrous oxide emissions by 30%-70%, and increase fertilizer nitrogen utilization by 50%-60%, phosphorus utilization by 60%-90%, and potassium utilization by 70%-90% compared with broadcasting urea.

[0022] Implementation Method 2

[0023] Applying low-nitrogen compound fertilizer (15-3-3-3S) via drip irrigation can reduce ammonia volatilization by 50%–70%, reduce nitrogen and phosphorus surface runoff loss by 70%–90%, reduce nitrous oxide emissions by 40%–80%, and increase fertilizer nitrogen utilization by 50%–90%, phosphorus utilization by 60%–100%, and potassium utilization by 80%–100% compared to broadcasting urea.

[0024] After adopting the above methods, according to the results of numerous farmland experiments conducted by research institutions such as the Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, grain yield did not decrease despite a significant reduction in total fertilizer nutrients. In fact, the quality or yield of some grain varieties even increased slightly, and fertilizer costs decreased significantly.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] Compared with ternary compound fertilizer (15-15-15) that uses urea as a nitrogen source, the same weight of low-nitrogen compound fertilizer (15-3-3-3S) can be applied using deep application methods, or surface fertilization followed by deep tillage machinery to a depth of 10cm to 30cm, resulting in comparable yields for wheat, corn, rice, potatoes, and soybeans, while reducing fertilizer costs by 40% to 50%.

[0027] Example 2

[0028] Compared with ternary compound fertilizer (15-15-15) that uses urea as nitrogen source, the same weight of low nitrogen compound fertilizer (15-3-3-3S) can achieve comparable yields of cotton, corn and potatoes using drip irrigation, while reducing fertilizer costs by 40% to 50%.

[0029] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Those skilled in the art, upon understanding the technical means of the present invention, will naturally be able to make variations according to actual needs, guided by the teachings of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent variations and modifications made within the scope of the claims of this invention should still fall within the scope of the patent coverage of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for producing ammonium bicarbonate fertilizer by capturing carbon dioxide with ammonia and its application in agriculture for carbon reduction, pollution control, and carbon sequestration, characterized in that... First, ammonium bicarbonate is produced using ammonia capture carbon dioxide technology. Then, ammonium sulfate, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, and additives produced using the aforementioned ammonium bicarbonate and ammonia desulfurization technology are used to produce granular compound fertilizer. The granular compound fertilizer is a low-nitrogen formula, but its total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and sulfur content does not exceed 28%. The low-nitrogen compound fertilizer can significantly reduce agricultural carbon dioxide emissions, reduce nitrogen and phosphorus losses and their pollution of water bodies and greenhouse gas emissions, and promote green agricultural development.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The compound fertilizer is a low-nitrogen formula with a composition of 15-3-3-3S, meaning that the nitrogen (N) content is not less than 15%, the phosphorus content (calculated as P2O5) is not less than 3%, the potassium content (calculated as K2O) is not less than 3%, and the sulfur content is not less than 3%, but its total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulfur nutrients are not higher than 28%.

3. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The low-nitrogen compound fertilizer contains no less than 60% (by weight) of ammonium bicarbonate.

4. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The low-nitrogen compound fertilizer contains no less than 6% (by weight) of ammonium sulfate.

5. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The phosphorus fertilizer in the low-nitrogen compound fertilizer may be one or a combination of two or more of the following: ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and magnesium hydrogen phosphate.

6. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The potassium fertilizer in the low-nitrogen compound fertilizer may be one or a combination of two or more of potassium sulfate, potassium chloride, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

7. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The low-nitrogen compound fertilizer contains adjuvants including one or more of magnesium oxide, calcium magnesium phosphate, dolomite, and fly ash.

8. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The adjuvants contained in the low-nitrogen compound fertilizer include a single nitrification inhibitor, or a compound nitrification inhibitor composed of two or more nitrification inhibitors, or a compound synergist composed of a nitrification inhibitor and at least one natural bioactive substance.

9. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The low-nitrogen compound fertilizer is applied by trenching, hole application, or drip irrigation into the soil.