Random access method and apparatus

Abstract

Disclosed in the embodiments of the present application are a random access method and apparatus. The method comprises: sending a first request to a network device, wherein the first request comprises first data, which is scrambled on the basis of first information, and the first request is used for requesting random access; and receiving a first response from the network device, wherein the first response is used for indicating whether the random access is successful. For example, in a scenario in which a reader performs transmission with an A-IoT device, first data in a first request is scrambled by means of first information, thereby ensuring the security of communication and improving the accuracy of data transmission.

Description

A random access method and apparatus

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202510137502.7, filed on February 7, 2025, entitled “A Random Access Method and Apparatus”, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a random access method and apparatus. Background Technology

[0003] Signals transmitted by Internet of Things (IoT) devices need to be detected by the receiver (reader). Given the power limitations of IoT devices, especially those without independent signal generation capabilities, a node is needed to provide a carrier wave (CW) to carry the signal to be transmitted. This node can be called the activator. This CW activator can be located within or outside the IoT device's topology; it can be integrated with the reader or separate from it. When separate from the reader, it can be a different node.

[0004] In IoT systems, reader-to-device (R2D) transmission triggers random access. Random access for IoT devices is divided into two-step random access (Msg1 contains data) and three-step random access (Msg1 does not contain data). How the reader and device communicate in the presence of two-step and three-step random access is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a random access method and apparatus that can ensure communication efficiency.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a random access method, which can be applied to the terminal side, such as a terminal device or a communication module in the terminal device, or a circuit or chip in the terminal device responsible for communication functions (such as a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a system-on-chip (SoC) chip containing a modem core or a system-in-package (SIP) chip). Taking the application of this method to a terminal device as an example, the method includes:

[0007] A first request, including first data, is sent to a network device. The first data is scrambled according to first information. The first request is used to request random access. A first response is received from the network device, indicating whether the random access was successful. For example, in a reader-A-IoT device transmission scenario, scrambling the first data in the first request using first information ensures communication security and improves data transmission accuracy.

[0008] In one possible design, the first information is a random identifier, which is included in the first request.

[0009] In one possible design, the first information is a preamble, which is sent by the terminal device to the network device.

[0010] In one possible design, the first information is a random identifier and a preamble, the random identifier being included in the first request, and the preamble being sent by the terminal device to the network device.

[0011] In one possible design, the first information is a Random Access Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RA_RNTI), a random identifier, and a preamble, wherein the random identifier is included in the first request and the preamble is sent by the terminal device to the network device.

[0012] In one possible design, a first indication information is received from the network device, the first indication information indicating the start time for detecting the first response; based on the first indication information, the first response is received from the network device. By indicating the start time for detecting the first response, the terminal device can receive the first response at the start time of detection, thereby improving the accuracy of receiving the first response and ensuring communication efficiency.

[0013] In one possible design, a minimum interval between the first request and the first response is determined based on configuration information, wherein the configuration information indicates the time information for receiving the first response; the first response from the network device is received based on the minimum interval. By determining the minimum interval between the first request and the first response and receiving the first response based on the minimum interval, the accuracy of receiving the first response is improved, and communication efficiency is ensured.

[0014] In one possible design, the configuration information is configured or predefined for the network device.

[0015] In one possible design, the access type of the current random access is determined; based on the current random access access type and the configuration information, the minimum interval between the first request and the first response is determined. Different minimum intervals are determined for different access types, thereby adapting to the random access requirements of different access types, improving the accuracy of receiving the first response under different access types, and ensuring communication efficiency.

[0016] In one possible design, the configuration information includes a correspondence between access type and duration; when the current random access type is two-step random access, the minimum interval between the first request and the first response is determined as a first duration; when the current random access type is three-step random access, the minimum interval between the first request and the first response is determined as a second duration; when the current random access type is both two-step and three-step random access, the minimum interval between the first request and the first response is determined as a third duration; wherein the first duration, the second duration, and the third duration are all different.

[0017] In one possible design, the configuration information includes a minimum duration and an offset; when the current random access type is three-step random access, the minimum interval between the first request and the first response is determined to be the minimum duration; when the current random access type is two-step random access, or the current random access type is both two-step and three-step random access, the minimum interval between the first request and the first response is determined to be the sum of the minimum duration and the offset.

[0018] In one possible design, the configuration information includes a first interval; the minimum interval between the first request and the first response is determined as the first interval. By configuring a first interval, the first response is received based on the same first interval, regardless of the access type.

[0019] In one possible design, the resource type of the current random access is determined; based on the resource type of the current random access, the first request is sent to the network device. By determining different resource types of random access and sending different first requests based on different resource types, the transmission efficiency of the first request is guaranteed.

[0020] In one possible design, when the current random access resource type is a two-step random access resource, the first request includes the first data; when the current random access resource type is a three-step random access resource, the first request does not include the first data.

[0021] In one possible design, second indication information is received from the network device, the second indication information indicating the resource type of the current random access. The resource type of the current random access is indicated directly.

[0022] In one possible design, the resource type for the current random access is determined based on the size of the configured resources, which include a first part of resources and / or a second part of resources. For example, the resource type for the current random access is determined based on whether the configured resources include the second part of resources, and the message type of the first message is also determined. Further, if the configured resources include the second part of resources and the size of the configured resources is relatively large, then the resource type for the current random access is a two-step random access resource, and the first request sent by the terminal device to the network device includes the first data. If the configured resources do not include the second part of resources and the size of the configured resources is relatively small, then the resource type for the current random access is a three-step random access resource, and the first request sent by the terminal device to the network device does not include the first data.

[0023] In one possible design, the terminal device receives third indication information from the network device, the third indication information indicating the purpose of the first request; based on the third indication information, the terminal device sends the first request to the network device. For example, if the third indication information indicates that the first request is for two-step random access, the terminal device determines that the current random access resource type is a two-step random access resource and sends a first request containing first data to the network device; if the third indication information indicates that the first request is for three-step random access, the terminal device determines that the current random access resource type is a three-step random access resource and sends a first request without first data to the network device.

[0024] In one possible design, a preamble is sent to the network device, the preamble indicating the message type of the first request. For example, the preamble may include preamble1 and preamble2. If the terminal device sends preamble1 to the network device, it indicates that the first request sent by the terminal device contains Random_ID; if the terminal device sends preamble2 to the network device, it indicates that the first request sent by the terminal device contains Random_ID and DATA.

[0025] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a random access method, which can be applied to the network side, such as a network device or a communication module in a network device, or a circuit or chip in a network device responsible for communication functions. Taking the application of this method to a network device as an example, the method includes:

[0026] The system receives a first request from a terminal device, the first request including first data. The first data is scrambled according to first information. The first request is used to request random access. A first response is sent to the terminal device, the first response indicating whether the random access was successful. For example, in a reader-A-IoT device transmission scenario, scrambling the first data in the first request using first information ensures communication security and improves data transmission accuracy.

[0027] In one possible design, the first information is a random identifier, which is included in the first request.

[0028] In one possible design, the first information is a preamble, which is sent by the terminal device to the network device.

[0029] In one possible design, the first information is a random identifier and a preamble, the random identifier being included in the first request, and the preamble being sent by the terminal device to the network device.

[0030] In one possible design, the first information is a Random Access Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RA_RNTI), a random identifier, and a preamble, wherein the random identifier is included in the first request and the preamble is sent by the terminal device to the network device.

[0031] In one possible design, a first indication information is sent to the terminal device, the first indication information indicating the start time for detecting the first response; based on the first indication information, the first response is sent to the terminal device. By indicating the start time for detecting the first response, the network device can send the first response at the start time of detection, thereby improving the accuracy of sending the first response and ensuring communication efficiency.

[0032] In one possible design, a minimum interval between the first request and the first response is determined based on configuration information, wherein the configuration information is used to indicate the time information for sending the first response; the first response is then sent to the terminal device based on the minimum interval. By determining the minimum interval between the first request and the first response and sending the first response based on the minimum interval, the accuracy of sending the first response is improved, and communication efficiency is ensured.

[0033] In one possible design, the configuration information is either network device configuration or predefined.

[0034] In one possible design, the access type of the current random access is determined; based on the current random access access type and the configuration information, the minimum interval between the first request and the first response is determined. By determining different minimum intervals for different access types, the system adapts to the random access requirements of different access types, improves the accuracy of sending the first response under different access types, and ensures communication efficiency.

[0035] In one possible design, the configuration information includes a correspondence between access type and duration; when the current random access type is two-step random access, the minimum interval between the first request and the first response is determined as a first duration; when the current random access type is three-step random access, the minimum interval between the first request and the first response is determined as a second duration; when the current random access type is both two-step and three-step random access, the minimum interval between the first request and the first response is determined as a third duration; wherein the first duration, the second duration, and the third duration are all different.

[0036] In one possible design, the configuration information includes a minimum duration and an offset; when the current random access type is three-step random access, the minimum interval between the first request and the first response is determined to be the minimum duration; when the current random access type is two-step random access, or the current random access type is both two-step and three-step random access, the minimum interval between the first request and the first response is determined to be the sum of the minimum duration and the offset.

[0037] In one possible design, the configuration information includes a first interval; the minimum interval between the first request and the first response is determined as the first interval. By configuring a first interval, the first response is sent based on the same first interval regardless of the access type.

[0038] In one possible design, the resource type of the current random access is determined; based on the resource type of the current random access, the first request from the terminal device is received. By determining different resource types of random access and sending different first requests based on different resource types, the transmission efficiency of the first request is guaranteed.

[0039] In one possible design, when the current random access resource type is a two-step random access resource, the first request includes the first data; when the current random access resource type is a three-step random access resource, the first request does not include the first data.

[0040] In one possible design, a second indication message is sent to the terminal device, the second indication message indicating the resource type of the current random access. The resource type of the current random access is indicated directly.

[0041] In one possible design, the resource type for the current random access is determined based on the size of the configured resources, which include a first part of resources and / or a second part of resources. For example, the resource type for the current random access is determined based on whether the configured resources include the second part of resources, and the message type of the first message is also determined. Further, if the configured resources include the second part of resources and the size of the configured resources is relatively large, then the resource type for the current random access is a two-step random access resource, and the first request sent by the terminal device to the network device includes the first data. If the configured resources do not include the second part of resources and the size of the configured resources is relatively small, then the resource type for the current random access is a three-step random access resource, and the first request sent by the terminal device to the network device does not include the first data.

[0042] In one possible design, a third indication message is sent to the terminal device, the third indication message indicating the purpose of the first request; based on the third indication message, the first request from the terminal device is received. For example, if the third indication message indicates that the first request is for two-step random access, the terminal device determines that the current random access resource type is a two-step random access resource and sends a first request containing first data to the network device; if the third indication message indicates that the first request is for three-step random access, the terminal device determines that the current random access resource type is a three-step random access resource and sends a first request without first data to the network device.

[0043] In one possible design, a preamble is received from the terminal device, the preamble indicating the message type of the first request. For example, the preamble may include preamble1 and preamble2. If the terminal device sends preamble1 to the network device, it indicates that the first request sent by the terminal device contains Random_ID; if the terminal device sends preamble2 to the network device, it indicates that the first request sent by the terminal device contains Random_ID and DATA.

[0044] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a communication device that performs the functions described in the first aspect above. For example, the communication device includes modules, units, or means corresponding to the operations involved in the first aspect. These modules, units, or means can be implemented in software, hardware, or a combination of both. The communication device may be, for example, a terminal device or a communication module within a terminal device, or a circuit or chip in a terminal device responsible for communication functions (such as a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a system-on-chip (SoC) chip containing a modem core, or a system-in-package (SIP) chip). The device includes:

[0045] The sending module is used to send a first request to a network device. The first request includes first data, and the first data is scrambled according to first information. The first request is used to request random access.

[0046] The receiving module is configured to receive a first response from the network device, the first response indicating whether the random access was successful.

[0047] In one possible design, the first information is a random identifier, which is included in the first request.

[0048] In one possible design, the first information is a preamble, which is sent by the terminal device to the network device.

[0049] In one possible design, the first information is a random identifier and a preamble, the random identifier being included in the first request, and the preamble being sent by the terminal device to the network device.

[0050] In one possible design, the first information is a Random Access Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RA_RNTI), a random identifier, and a preamble, wherein the random identifier is included in the first request and the preamble is sent by the terminal device to the network device.

[0051] In one possible design, the receiving module is further configured to receive first indication information from the network device, the first indication information being used to indicate the start time of detecting the first response; the receiving module is further configured to receive the first response from the network device based on the first indication information.

[0052] In one possible design, a processing module is configured to determine a minimum interval between the first request and the first response based on configuration information, wherein the configuration information is used to indicate time information for receiving the first response; a receiving module is further configured to receive the first response from the network device based on the minimum interval.

[0053] In one possible design, the configuration information is configured or predefined for the network device.

[0054] In one possible design, the processing module is used to determine the access type of the current random access; based on the access type of the current random access and the configuration information, to determine the minimum interval time between the first request and the first response.

[0055] In one possible design, the configuration information includes a correspondence between access type and duration; the processing module is configured to: when the current random access type is two-step random access, determine the minimum interval between the first request and the first response as a first duration; when the current random access type is three-step random access, determine the minimum interval between the first request and the first response as a second duration; and when the current random access type is both two-step and three-step random access, determine the minimum interval between the first request and the first response as a third duration.

[0056] The first duration, the second duration, and the third duration are all different from each other.

[0057] In one possible design, the configuration information includes a minimum duration and an offset; the processing module is configured to determine the minimum interval between the first request and the first response as the minimum duration when the current random access type is three-step random access; and to determine the minimum interval between the first request and the first response as the sum of the minimum duration and the offset when the current random access type is two-step random access, or when the current random access type is both two-step and three-step random access.

[0058] In one possible design, the configuration information includes a first interval time; a processing module is configured to determine the minimum interval time between the first request and the first response as the first interval time.

[0059] In one possible design, a processing module is used to determine the resource type of the current random access; and a sending module is used to send the first request to the network device based on the resource type of the current random access.

[0060] In one possible design, the processing module is configured such that when the current random access resource type is a two-step random access resource, the first request includes the first data; and when the current random access resource type is a three-step random access resource, the first request does not include the first data.

[0061] In one possible design, the receiving module is further configured to receive second indication information from the network device, the second indication information being used to indicate the resource type of the current random access.

[0062] In one possible design, a processing module is configured to determine the type of resource for the current random access based on the size of the configured resources, wherein the configured resources include a first part of resources and / or a second part of resources.

[0063] In one possible design, the receiving module is further configured to receive third indication information from the network device, the third indication information being used to indicate the purpose of the first request; the sending module is further configured to send the first request to the network device based on the third indication information.

[0064] In one possible design, the sending module is further configured to send a preamble to the network device, the preamble indicating the message type of the first request.

[0065] The operation and beneficial effects of this communication device can be found in the method and beneficial effects described in the first aspect above, and will not be repeated here.

[0066] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a communication device that performs the functions described in the second aspect above. For example, the communication device includes modules, units, or means corresponding to the operations involved in the second aspect. These modules, units, or means can be implemented in software, hardware, or a combination of both. The communication device may be, for example, a network device or a communication module within a network device, or a circuit or chip within a network device responsible for communication functions. The device includes:

[0067] A receiving module is configured to receive a first request from a terminal device, the first request including first data, and to scramble the first data according to first information, the first request being used to request random access;

[0068] The sending module is used to send a first response to the terminal device, the first response being used to indicate whether the random access was successful.

[0069] In one possible design, the first information is a random identifier, which is included in the first request.

[0070] In one possible design, the first information is a preamble, which is sent by the terminal device to the network device.

[0071] In one possible design, the first information is a random identifier and a preamble, the random identifier being included in the first request, and the preamble being sent by the terminal device to the network device.

[0072] In one possible design, the first information is a Random Access Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RA_RNTI), a random identifier, and a preamble, wherein the random identifier is included in the first request and the preamble is sent by the terminal device to the network device.

[0073] In one possible design, the sending module is further configured to send first indication information to the terminal device, the first indication information being used to indicate the start time of detecting the first response; the sending module is further configured to send the first response to the terminal device based on the first indication information.

[0074] In one possible design, the processing module is configured to determine the minimum interval between the first request and the first response based on configuration information, wherein the configuration information is used to indicate the time information for sending the first response;

[0075] The sending module is also configured to send the first response to the terminal device based on the minimum interval time.

[0076] In one possible design, the configuration information is either network device configuration or predefined.

[0077] In one possible design, the processing module is used to determine the access type of the current random access; based on the access type of the current random access and the configuration information, to determine the minimum interval time between the first request and the first response.

[0078] In one possible design, the configuration information includes a correspondence between access type and duration; a processing module is configured to determine, when the current random access type is two-step random access, the minimum interval between the first request and the first response as a first duration; when the current random access type is three-step random access, the minimum interval between the first request and the first response as a second duration; and when the current random access type is both two-step and three-step random access, the minimum interval between the first request and the first response as a third duration; wherein the first duration, the second duration, and the third duration are all different.

[0079] In one possible design, the configuration information includes a minimum duration and an offset; the processing module is configured to determine the minimum interval between the first request and the first response as the minimum duration when the current random access type is three-step random access; and to determine the minimum interval between the first request and the first response as the sum of the minimum duration and the offset when the current random access type is two-step random access, or when the current random access type is both two-step and three-step random access.

[0080] In one possible design, the configuration information includes a first interval time; a processing module is configured to determine the minimum interval time between the first request and the first response as the first interval time.

[0081] In one possible design, a processing module is used to determine the resource type of the current random access; and a receiving module is used to receive the first request from the terminal device based on the resource type of the current random access.

[0082] In one possible design, the processing module is configured such that when the current random access resource type is a two-step random access resource, the first request includes the first data; and when the current random access resource type is a three-step random access resource, the first request does not include the first data.

[0083] In one possible design, a sending module is used to send second indication information to the terminal device, the second indication information being used to indicate the type of resource currently randomly accessed.

[0084] In one possible design, a processing module is configured to determine the type of resource for the current random access based on the size of the configured resources, wherein the configured resources include a first part of resources and / or a second part of resources.

[0085] In one possible design, a sending module is configured to send third indication information to the terminal device, the third indication information being used to indicate the purpose of the first request; and a receiving module is configured to receive the first request from the terminal device based on the third indication information.

[0086] In one possible design, a receiving module is configured to receive a preamble from the terminal device, the preamble indicating the message type of the first request.

[0087] The operation and beneficial effects of this communication device can be found in the method and beneficial effects described in the second aspect above, and will not be repeated here.

[0088] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a communication device, which includes one or more processors. Optionally, it also includes a memory for storing part or all of the computer programs or instructions necessary for implementing the functions involved in the first aspect above. The one or more processors can execute the computer programs or instructions, and when the computer programs or instructions are executed, cause the communication device to implement the methods in any possible design or implementation of the first aspect above.

[0089] In one possible design, the communication device may further include an interface circuit, through which the processor communicates with other devices or components.

[0090] In one possible design, the communication device may also include the memory.

[0091] The aforementioned communication device may be a terminal device, a communication module in a terminal device, or a chip in a terminal device that is responsible for communication functions, such as a modem chip (also known as a baseband chip) or a SoC or SIP chip that contains a modem module.

[0092] Sixthly, embodiments of this application provide a communication device, which includes one or more processors. Optionally, it also includes a memory for storing part or all of the computer programs or instructions necessary for implementing the functions involved in the second aspect above. The one or more processors can execute the computer programs or instructions, and when the computer programs or instructions are executed, cause the communication device to implement the methods in any possible design or implementation of the second aspect above.

[0093] In one possible design, the communication device may further include an interface circuit, through which the processor communicates with other devices or components.

[0094] In one possible design, the communication device may also include the memory.

[0095] The aforementioned communication device may be a network device, a communication module in a network device, or a chip in a network device that is responsible for communication functions, such as a modem chip (also known as a baseband chip) or a SoC or SIP chip that contains a modem module.

[0096] In a seventh aspect, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program that, when executed, causes the method described in any one of the first to second aspects to be implemented.

[0097] Eighthly, this application provides a computer program product including a computer program that, when executed, causes the method described in any one of the first to second aspects to be implemented.

[0098] Ninthly, embodiments of this application provide a communication system including a terminal device and a network device. The terminal device is used to perform the steps in the first aspect described above, and the network device is used to perform the steps in the second aspect described above.

[0099] In a tenth aspect, a chip or chip system is provided, the chip or chip system including at least one processor and a communication interface for communicating with external or internal devices, the processor for implementing the methods of the above aspects.

[0100] In one possible design, the chip may further include a memory storing computer programs or instructions, which the processor executes, either from the stored computer programs or instructions or derived from other programs or instructions. When the computer program or instructions are executed, the processor implements the methods described above.

[0101] In one possible design, the chip can be integrated into a terminal device or a network device. Attached Figure Description

[0102] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the scale of IoT connections in different categories;

[0103] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the topology structure of an IoT device;

[0104] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0105] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the communication between an A-IoT device and a reader;

[0106] Figure 5 is a flowchart illustrating a random access method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0107] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a resource;

[0108] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0109] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0110] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0111] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a network device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0112] Figures 11A-11C are schematic diagrams of the implementation of FDMA;

[0113] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of random access. Detailed Implementation

[0114] There is a consensus among Internet of Things (IoT) practitioners regarding the classification of IoT nodes into three different speed tiers: high-speed IoT, medium-speed IoT, and low-speed IoT. High-speed IoT is primarily supported by technologies such as 5G (enhanced mobile broadband), 4G Category 4+ (Cat. 4+), and Wireless Fidelity 6 (WiFi 6). Medium-speed IoT is currently mainly supported by technologies such as 4G Cat.1, 3G, and 2G. Low-speed IoT is primarily supported by technologies such as narrowband internet of things (NB-IoT), long range wide area network (LoRaWAN), and Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE). Different speeds also correspond to different power consumption levels, forming three distinct scenarios and addressing three different scales of IoT connection numbers. Figure 1 illustrates the scale of IoT connections across different tiers. Among these, low-speed IoT standards such as NB-IoT, LoRaWAN, and BLE can support tens of billions of connections, while medium-speed and high-speed IoT standards can only achieve a significantly smaller connection scale than low-speed IoT. Based on these three types of IoT scenarios, passive IoT will become the main source of hundreds of billions of IoT connections.

[0115] Main application scenarios of the Internet of Things:

[0116] Industrial Sensor Networks: Industrial sensor networks are primarily used in industrial production processes, such as temperature and humidity monitoring, vibration monitoring, and production line monitoring, thereby achieving industrial automation and intelligent management. Taking rail measurement as an example, by deploying zero-power sensing devices under the rails, rail pressure, temperature, and other information can be monitored and collected. Furthermore, these devices can be deployed in extreme environments where batteries cannot sustain long-term operation, such as high and low temperatures, moving or rotating parts, high vibration conditions, and high humidity. Logistics and Warehousing: With the continuous growth of the logistics industry, enterprises are facing increasing pressure on warehousing and labor costs. Digital management of logistics parcels can not only further improve the efficiency of logistics and warehousing management but also save significant labor costs. Zero-power communication technology involves attaching communication terminal identifiers to the surface of parcels or goods packaging for acquiring logistics information and managing the entire logistics process, making warehousing operations simpler and more efficient.

[0117] Smart Wearables: Smart wearable products are among the personal consumer terminals with the greatest potential for large-scale application after mobile phones. Currently, various wearable devices have achieved wireless connectivity. Depending on the functional positioning of different products, they can realize multiple application scenarios such as health monitoring, sports monitoring, motion sensing, and mobile positioning. The goal of zero-power communication technology is to ultimately break free from battery limitations, achieving longer battery life, more convenient energy security, and a better user experience.

[0118] Healthcare: Portable medical devices can meet consumers' home health service needs, but due to the special nature of medical monitoring equipment (especially implantable devices), issues such as battery life and power supply portability greatly limit the expansion of their application scenarios. Zero-power IoT technology can achieve extremely low power consumption; at the same time, eliminating the need for batteries allows for smaller size, facilitates flexible folding, and eliminates concerns about liquid immersion, thus aiding in real-time monitoring of medical device data and efficient digital management of health status.

[0119] Smart Home: The application of zero-power communication technology in the field of smart homes can eliminate complex wiring, enabling each terminal to be controlled independently and achieving long-lasting online operation without human power intervention.

[0120] Figure 2 illustrates a topology structure for an IoT device. Topology 1: Network devices communicate directly with the IoT device. Topology 2: Network devices communicate with the IoT device through an intermediate node. Topology 3: Network devices transmit uplink and downlink data to the IoT device through an assisting node. Topology 4: Terminal devices communicate with the IoT device. In these topologies, activators and readers share the same location (topology 1, topology 2, topology 4); activators and readers do not share the same location (topology 3). Outside of these topologies, the activator can be a network node or terminal device that is very close to the IoT device, or a network node or terminal device that is some distance away from the IoT device. Links in each topology can be bidirectional or unidirectional. There can be more than one network device, terminal device, assisting node, or intermediate node. An intermediate node can be a terminal device.

[0121] As shown in Figure 3, Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of an application scenario provided by an embodiment of this application. In this scenario, the communication system may include network devices and terminal devices (corresponding to topology 1), or may include network devices, intermediate nodes, or terminal devices (corresponding to topology 2).

[0122] The technical solutions in this application embodiment can be applied to various communication systems, such as Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) system, 4th generation (4G) mobile communication system, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, 5th generation (5G) mobile communication system, such as New Radio (NR) system, and next-generation communication systems, such as 6th generation (6G) mobile communication system, etc.

[0123] Network devices can be devices or modules located on the network side of the aforementioned communication system and possessing corresponding communication functions. Network devices typically contain communication modules, circuits, or chips that perform the corresponding communication functions. They also contain program instructions for performing these functions, as well as corresponding program instructions. Network devices refer to RAN nodes (or devices) that connect terminal devices to a wireless network; they can also be called base stations. Currently, some examples of RAN nodes include: evolved Node B (gNB), macro base stations, micro base stations, high-frequency base stations, transmission reception points (TRP), evolved Node B (eNB), radio network controllers (RNC), Node B (NB), base station controllers (BSC), base transceiver stations (BTS), home base stations (e.g., home eNodeB, or home NodeB, HNB), base band units (BBU), or wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) access points (APs), etc.

[0124] Intermediate nodes can be terminal devices, relays, integrated access backhaul (IAB) nodes, or repeaters. Terminal devices can be devices or modules that access the aforementioned communication system and possess corresponding communication functions. These devices typically contain communication modules, circuits, or chips that perform the corresponding communication functions. They are also configured with program instructions for performing these functions. Terminal devices, also known as user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), or mobile terminal (MT), are devices that provide voice and / or data connectivity to users. Examples include handheld devices and in-vehicle devices with wireless connectivity. Currently, examples of terminals include: mobile phones, tablets, laptops, PDAs, mobile internet devices, wearable devices, virtual reality (VR) devices, augmented reality (AR) devices, and wireless terminals used in industrial control, autonomous driving, remote surgery, smart grids, transportation safety, smart cities, and smart homes.

[0125] Radio frequency identification (RFID) is a type of automatic identification technology that uses wireless radio frequency for non-contact, two-way data communication. It reads and writes records (electronic tags or RFID cards) using wireless radio frequency to achieve the purpose of identifying targets and exchanging data.

[0126] However, this technology, with a coverage distance of only about 10 meters, is unlikely to support the future demand of hundreds of billions of users. Therefore, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is discussing the development of passive IoT technologies based on cellular communication. On the one hand, it can leverage the existing large-scale cellular infrastructure to reduce costs; on the other hand, it can utilize many mature cellular communication technologies to improve the coverage of passive IoT, such as interference management and mobility management.

[0127] To reduce device cost and power consumption, 3GPP introduced the following three types of terminal devices:

[0128] 1. Device A: It may or may not be able to store energy, meaning it does not have independent signal generation / amplification capabilities when performing backscattering transmission. Device A is also known as a passive IoT device.

[0129] 2. Device B: This device is capable of energy storage. While it does not have independent signal generation capabilities during backscattering transmission, the stored energy can amplify the reflected signal. Device B is also known as a semi-passive IoT device.

[0130] 3. Device C: It is capable of energy storage and has independent signal generation capabilities, i.e., it has active radio frequency (RF) for data transmission. Device C is also known as an active IoT device.

[0131] IoT devices are power-constrained, especially those without independent signal generation capabilities. They require a node that provides a carrier wave (CW) to carry their transmitted signals; this node can be called the activator. This CW activator can be located within or outside the IoT device's topology, and can be integrated with or separate from the reader. When separate from the reader, it can be a different node.

[0132] In this application embodiment, the terminal device can be an ambient IoT (A-IoT) device, and the network device can be a reader, which can also be a relay node (e.g., UE). The IoT device can be an Internet of Things device, and can be classified into device A, device B, or device C, as described above.

[0133] Figure 4 illustrates a communication diagram between an A-IoT device and a reader. Random access between the A-IoT device and the reader includes the following three schemes:

[0134] Option 1: Message 1 (Msg1) sent by the A-IoT device does not contain data. A-IoT Msg1: When the A-IoT device recognizes the start of its access opportunity, it sends a 16-bit ID (Random_ID, RAN_ID) generated by the A-IoT device to the reader. A-IoT Msg2: The reader responds with the successfully received random ID. If the random ID contained in A-IoT Msg2 received by the A-IoT device is the same as the one previously sent in A-IoT Msg1, it considers the contention resolution successful. A-IoT Msg3: The A-IoT device sends data to the reader. This process can also be called three-step random access.

[0135] Option 2: The Msg1 sent by the A-IoT device contains data. A-IoT Msg1: When the A-IoT device recognizes the start of its access opportunity, it sends A-IoT Msg1 to the reader. Msg1 contains data, which may be the device ID and / or any other upper-layer data, as well as a 16-bit random ID generated by the A-IoT device. A-IoT Msg2: The reader may respond with the successfully received random ID. If the random ID contained in A-IoT Msg2 received by the A-IoT device is the same as the one previously sent in A-IoT Msg1, it considers the contention successful. If the device does not receive A-IoT Msg2, re-access will not occur autonomously; that is, re-access is always controlled by the reader. This process can also be called two-step random access.

[0136] Option 3: The Msg1 sent by the A-IoT device may include optional data. A-IoT Msg1: When the A-IoT device recognizes the start of its access opportunity, it sends a 16-bit ID generated by the A-IoT device to the reader. Furthermore, whether Msg1 includes data (which could be the device ID and / or any other upper-layer data) is controlled by the reader. A-IoT Msg2: The reader responds with a successfully received random ID. If the random ID contained in A-IoT Msg2 received by the A-IoT device is the same as the one previously sent in A-IoT Msg1, it considers the contention resolution successful.

[0137] As shown in Figure 5, Figure 5 is a flowchart illustrating a random access method provided in an embodiment of this application. The method mainly includes the following steps:

[0138] S501, the terminal device sends a first request to the network device. The first request includes first data. The first data is scrambled according to first information. The first request is used to request random access.

[0139] The first request can be Msg1. The first request includes a random identifier (Random_ID), such as a 16-bit random sequence. The first request may or may not include first data. The first data can be at least one of the following: tag information, sensor data, and location information, etc. If the first request includes first data, the first data can be scrambled as follows:

[0140] In one implementation, the first information is a random identifier, which is included in the first request. That is, the first data can be scrambled using a random identifier.

[0141] Furthermore, the first data can be scrambled sequentially using random identifiers. For example, the first data can be divided into data 1, data 2, data 3, ..., with data 1 scrambled using random identifier 1, data 2 scrambled using random identifier 2, data 3 scrambled using random identifier 3, and so on. Alternatively, the first data can be scrambled using Random_ID to initialize PN. An example: c(n) = (x1(n+N)) c )+x2(n+N c ))mod2 x1(n+31)=(x1(n+3)+x1(n))mod2 x2(n+31)=(x2(n+3)+x2(n+2+x2(n+1)+x2(n))mod2

[0142] Where, N c =1600, the PN sequence c(n) is generated based on two sequences x1(n) and x2(n) of length 31. The terminal device can scramble the first data using the PN sequence c(n).

[0143] Where x1(0) = 0, x1(n) = 0, n = 0, 1, ..., 30. c init It can be defined based on Random_ID, for example, c init =Random_ID, x2(i) can be calculated from Random_ID.

[0144] In another implementation, the first information is a preamble, which is sent by the terminal device to the network device. That is, the first data can be scrambled using a random identifier. The terminal device can send the preamble to the network device before sending the first request, or the preamble can be included in the first request.

[0145] Furthermore, the first data can be scrambled sequentially using a preamble. For example, the first data can be divided into data 1, data 2, data 3, etc., with data 1 scrambled using preamble 1, data 2 scrambled using random identifier 2, data 3 scrambled using random identifier 3, and so on. Alternatively, the first data can be scrambled by initializing PN with a preamble. Similar to the above method of initializing PN with Random_ID, it will not be elaborated further here.

[0146] In another implementation, the first information is a random identifier and a preamble, wherein the random identifier is included in the first request, and the preamble is sent by the terminal device to the network device. That is, the first data can be scrambled using a random identifier and a preamble.

[0147] Furthermore, the first data can be scrambled using a random identifier and a preamble in an alternating manner. For example, the first data can be divided into data 1, data 2, data 3, ..., where data 1 is scrambled using random identifier 1, data 2 is scrambled using preamble 1, data 3 is scrambled using random identifier 2, data 4 is scrambled using preamble 2, and so on. Alternatively, the first data can be scrambled by initializing PN with a random identifier and a preamble. Similar to the above method of initializing PN with Random_ID, it will not be elaborated further here.

[0148] In another implementation, the first information comprises a random access-radio network temporary identifier (RA_RNTI), a random identifier, and a preamble. The random identifier is included in the first request, and the preamble is sent by the terminal device to the network device. That is, the first data can be scrambled using RA_RNTI, the random identifier, and the preamble.

[0149] Furthermore, the first data can be scrambled using RA_RNTI, a random identifier, and a preamble in an alternating manner. For example, the first data can be divided into data 1, data 2, data 3, ..., where data 1 is scrambled using RA_RNTI1, data 2 is scrambled using random identifier 1, data 3 is scrambled using preamble 1, data 4 is scrambled using RA_RNTI2, data 5 is scrambled using random identifier 2, data 6 is scrambled using preamble 2, and so on. Alternatively, the first data can be scrambled by initializing PN with RA_RNTI, a random identifier, and a preamble. Similar to the above method of initializing PN with Random_ID, it will not be elaborated further here.

[0150] The terminal device needs to send a first request containing first data and a first request without first data to the network device using two different resources. The following describes how the terminal device sends the first request using these two resources, and how the network device receives the first request using these two resources.

[0151] The terminal device determines the resource type for current random access; based on the current random access resource type, it sends a first request to the network device. The network device determines the resource type for current random access; based on the current random access resource type, it receives the first request from the terminal device. The current random access resource type can include resources for two-step random access and resources for three-step random access. Specifically, it can include the following implementation methods:

[0152] In the first implementation, the network device can pre-send configuration information to the terminal device. This configuration information is used to configure the resources for two-step random access and three-step random access as fixed values. Alternatively, the network device and the terminal device can also pre-define the resources for two-step random access and three-step random access as fixed values. For example, the resource for two-step random access is N1, and the resource for three-step random access is N2.

[0153] The network device configures the resources requested in the first request for the terminal device and sends second indication information to the terminal device. This second indication information indicates the type of resource currently being randomly accessed. Upon receiving the second indication information, the terminal device can determine the type of resource currently being randomly accessed and, based on this type, send the first request to the network device. In other words, the network device can explicitly indicate the type of resource currently being randomly accessed to the terminal device.

[0154] The second indication information can be included in Msg0, and can be N1 or N2. If the second indication information is N1, the current random access resource type is a two-step random access resource; if the second indication information is N2, the current random access resource type is a three-step random access resource. Furthermore, if the current random access resource type is a two-step random access resource, the first request sent by the terminal device to the network device includes the first data; when the current random access resource type is a three-step random access resource, the first request sent by the terminal device to the network device does not include the first data.

[0155] Optionally, the network device can configure either two-step random access resources or three-step random access resources for the terminal device (i.e., each type of resource is configured independently). If the network device configures two-step random access resources for the terminal device, the terminal device sends a first request containing first data to the network device. If the network device configures three-step random access resources for the terminal device, the terminal device sends a first request without the first data to the network device. Furthermore, the network device can indicate the resource type and size through second indication information, or indicate the resource size through the second indication information, allowing the terminal device to determine the resource type based on the resource size. The size of the two-step random access resources is greater than the size of the three-step random access resources.

[0156] Optionally, resources of the same type can be located in the same time domain or the same frequency domain. Figure 6 illustrates one type of resource. The network device configures multiple resources for the terminal device, including resources 1-9. Specifically, resources in time domain T1 include resources 1-3; resources in time domain T2 include resources 4-6; and resources in time domain T3 include resources 7-9. Resources 1-3 are resources in the same time domain, have the same resource type, and can all be used for two-step random access. Resources 4-6 are resources in the same time domain, have the same resource type, and can all be used for three-step random access. Resources in frequency domain F1 include resources 1, 4, and 7; resources in frequency domain F2 include resources 2, 5, and 8; and resources in frequency domain F1 include resources 3, 6, and 9. Resources 1, 4, and 7 are resources in the same frequency domain and have the same resource type. All three resources can be resources for three-step random access. Resources 2, 5, and 8 are resources in the same frequency domain and have the same resource type. All three resources can be resources for two-step random access.

[0157] Optionally, the terminal device can send a preamble to the network device. The preamble indicates the message type of the first request. After receiving the preamble, the network device can determine the message type of the first request based on the preamble, and parse and receive the first request based on the message type. As shown in Figure 4, the preamble can be included in the first request (Msg1) or sent before the first request. The message type can include: a first request containing first data and a first request not containing first data. For example, the preamble can include preamble1 and preamble2. If the terminal device sends preamble1 to the network device, it means that the first request sent by the terminal device contains Random_ID; if the terminal device sends preamble2 to the network device, it means that the first request sent by the terminal device contains Random_ID and DATA.

[0158] In the second implementation, the network device configuring the first requested resource (e.g., time-domain resource) for the terminal device may include a first part of resources and / or a second part of resources. If the network device only configures the first part of resources for the terminal device, the configured resources are for three-step random access; if the network device configures both the first and second parts of resources for the terminal device, the configured resources are for two-step random access. The size of the three-step random access resources is smaller than the size of the two-step random access resources.

[0159] The terminal device can determine the current random access resource type based on the size of the configured resources, which include a first part of resources and / or a second part of resources. That is, the network device may not explicitly indicate the current random access resource type; the terminal device can determine the current random access resource type and the message type of the first message based on whether the configured resources include the second part of resources. Further, if the configured resources include the second part of resources and the size of the configured resources is relatively large, then the current random access resource type is a two-step random access resource, and the first request sent by the terminal device to the network device includes the first data. If the configured resources do not include the second part of resources and the size of the configured resources is relatively small, then the current random access resource type is a three-step random access resource, and the first request sent by the terminal device to the network device does not include the first data.

[0160] Optionally, the network device can configure either two-step random access resources or three-step random access resources for the terminal device (i.e., each type of resource is configured independently). If two-step random access resources are configured for the terminal device, the network device can configure both the first and second parts of the resources; if three-step random access resources are configured for the terminal device, the network device can configure the first part of the resources but not the second part.

[0161] Optionally, resources of the same time domain or the same frequency domain can be of the same type. Similar to the first implementation described above, this will not be repeated here.

[0162] Optionally, the terminal device can send a preamble to the network device. The preamble indicates the message type of the first request. After receiving the preamble, the network device can determine the message type of the first request based on the preamble, and parse and receive the first request based on the message type. Similar to the first implementation described above, it will not be repeated here.

[0163] In the third implementation, the network device configures the resources requested by the terminal device in the first request and sends third indication information to the terminal device. This third indication information indicates the purpose of the first request. After receiving the third indication information, the terminal device determines the current random access resource type based on the third indication information and sends the first request to the network device based on the current random access resource type. The purpose of the first request includes two-step random access and three-step random access.

[0164] Furthermore, if the third indication information indicates that the first request is for two-step random access, the terminal device determines that the current random access resource type is a two-step random access resource and sends a first request containing the first data to the network device; if the third indication information indicates that the first request is for three-step random access, the terminal device determines that the current random access resource type is a three-step random access resource and sends a first request without the first data to the network device.

[0165] S502, the network device sends a first response to the terminal device, the first response being used to indicate whether the random access was successful.

[0166] The first response can be Msg2.

[0167] Specifically, the terminal device determines the minimum interval between the first request and the first response based on configuration information, wherein the configuration information indicates the time information for receiving the first response; and receives the first response from the network device based on the minimum interval. For example, after sending the first request, the terminal device begins to detect the first response sent by the network device after the minimum interval has elapsed. The network device determines the minimum interval between the first request and the first response based on the configuration information, and sends the first response to the terminal device based on the minimum interval. For example, after receiving the first request, the network device begins to send the first response to the terminal device after the minimum interval has elapsed.

[0168] How network devices or terminal devices determine the minimum interval time can be implemented in several ways, including the following:

[0169] In the first implementation, the configuration information is configured by the network device or predefined, and the configuration information includes the correspondence between access type and duration. The network device can configure different durations for the following situations: First, the resources requested by the network device for the terminal device in the first request only include resources for two-step random access, corresponding to a two-step random access type; second, the resources requested by the network device for the terminal device in the first request only include resources for three-step random access, corresponding to a three-step random access type; third, the resources requested by the network device for the terminal device in the first request include both two-step random access resources and three-step random access resources, corresponding to two-step random access and three-step random access types.

[0170] The terminal device or network device determines the access type of the current random access; based on the access type and configuration information of the current random access, it determines the minimum interval between the first request and the first response. Further, if the current random access type is two-step random access, the minimum interval between the first request and the first response is determined as a first duration; if the current random access type is three-step random access, the minimum interval between the first request and the first response is determined as a second duration; if the current random access type is both two-step and three-step random access, the minimum interval between the first request and the first response is determined as a third duration; wherein the first duration, the second duration, and the third duration are all different.

[0171] Optionally, the network device or terminal device can also determine the type of resource for current random access based on different minimum interval times. For example, the network device indicates to the terminal device that the minimum interval between the first request and the first response is a first duration. The terminal device can start receiving the first response after the first duration has elapsed after sending the first request. Furthermore, the terminal device can determine that the type of resource for current random access is a two-step random access resource based on the first duration, and therefore the terminal device sends a first request containing first data to the network device. The network device can start sending the first response after the first duration has elapsed after receiving the first request. Furthermore, the network device can determine that the type of resource for current random access is a two-step random access resource based on the first duration, and therefore the network device receives the first request containing first data sent by the terminal device.

[0172] Optionally, different maximum device-to-reader (D2R) transmission times (max) can be defined based on different access types. The terminal device can determine the D2R Max based on the current random access type and receive the first response based on the D2R Max. If the first response is received within the D2R Max time limit, the random access is considered to have failed. Alternatively, the network device can indicate the D2R Max used for the current random access to the terminal device. The terminal device can either receive the first response based on the D2R Max or determine the current random access type based on the D2R Max.

[0173] In the second implementation, the configuration information is configured by the network device or predefined. This configuration information includes a minimum duration and an offset. The network device can configure a minimum duration only for resources requiring two-step random access. For resources requiring three-step random access, an offset can be added to the minimum duration. Alternatively, for both two-step and three-step random access resources, one or more offsets can be added to the minimum duration.

[0174] The terminal device or network device determines the access type of the current random access; based on the access type and configuration information of the current random access, it determines the minimum interval between the first request and the first response. Further, if the current random access type is three-step random access, the minimum interval between the first request and the first response is determined to be the minimum duration; if the current random access type is two-step random access, or the current random access type is both two-step and three-step random access, the minimum interval between the first request and the first response is determined to be the sum of the minimum duration and the offset.

[0175] In the third implementation, the configuration information is configured by the network device or predefined, and the configuration information includes a first interval. The same first interval is configured for all three scenarios. Neither the terminal device nor the network device needs to determine the current random access type. Regardless of the access type, after sending the first request, the terminal device begins receiving the first response after the first interval, and the network device begins sending the first response after receiving the first request.

[0176] Optionally, the network device can also directly instruct the terminal device to start detecting the first response at the designated start time, without needing to determine the minimum interval between the first request and the first response. Specifically, the network device sends first indication information to the terminal device, indicating the start time for detecting the first response. Based on the first indication information, the network device sends a first response to the terminal device; for example, the network device can send the first response at the start time for detecting the first response. The terminal device receives the first indication information from the network device and, based on the first indication information, receives the first response from the network device; for example, the terminal device can receive the first response at the start time for detecting the first response.

[0177] In this application embodiment, in the A-IoT device and reader transmission scenario, on the one hand, the accuracy of data transmission is ensured by scrambling the first data contained in the first request; on the other hand, the accurate reception of the first response is ensured by determining the timing of the first response corresponding to different access types; and on the third hand, the transmission efficiency of the first request is ensured by determining the different resource types of random access and sending different first requests based on different resource types.

[0178] Figures 11A-11C illustrate the implementation methods of Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA). There are two methods for small frequency shift: frequency shift using dual-band modulation as shown in Figure 11A and frequency shift using single-band modulation as shown in Figure 11B, both of which can implement FDMA. FDMA can also be implemented using different carrier waves (CWs) as shown in Figure 11C. The following describes the frequency domain resource indication methods under FDMA implementation using dual-band modulation, single-band modulation, and CWs at different frequency points.

[0179] In the first approach, the terminal device reports capability information to the network device. This capability information indicates at least one of the following: whether it supports frequency shifting with double-sideband modulation, whether it supports frequency shifting with single-sideband modulation, or whether it supports frequency shifting at all. The network device can determine the FDMA (Frequency-based DMA) method based on the capability information. Specifically, if the terminal device supports frequency shifting with double-sideband modulation, FDMA can be implemented using this method; if the terminal device supports frequency shifting with single-sideband modulation, FDMA can be implemented using this method. The network device implicitly indicates different frequency domain resource allocation methods based on the different capability information of the terminal device.

[0180] Among them, the capability information of the terminal devices are different, and the allocation method of frequency domain resources is different. That is, different N bits can be used for indication based on different capability information, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0181] If the terminal device supports double-sideband modulation frequency shift, the network device can send indication information to the terminal device. This indication information indicates the number of resource units shifted from the center point to both sides, implicitly indicating the use of double-sideband modulation frequency shift. If the terminal device supports single-sideband modulation frequency shift, the network device can indicate a downward or upward frequency shift using 1 bit, and then indicate the specific number of resource units shifted using (N-1) bits, implicitly indicating the use of single-sideband modulation frequency shift. Optionally, the terminal device can use the default frequency shift direction; the network device does not need to indicate a downward or upward frequency shift, only the number of resource units shifted. If the terminal device does not support frequency shift, the network device can indicate frequency point information to the terminal device.

[0182] The second method involves the terminal device reporting capability information to the network device. This capability information indicates at least one of the following: whether it supports frequency shifting with double-sideband modulation, whether it supports frequency shifting with single-sideband modulation, or whether it supports frequency shifting at all. The network device can determine the FDMA method based on the capability information. Specifically, if the terminal device supports frequency shifting with double-sideband modulation, FDMA can be implemented using this method; if the terminal device supports frequency shifting with single-sideband modulation, FDMA can be implemented using this method. The network device can send indication information to the terminal device, including N bits, which indicates the allocation method of frequency domain resources. That is, the network device can directly indicate different allocation methods for frequency domain resources.

[0183] In this configuration, M bits within N bits are used to indicate the frequency shift method, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N. For example, M bits are 2 bits: 00 indicates frequency shift using double-sideband modulation, 01 indicates frequency shift using single-sideband modulation, 10 indicates frequency shift based on CW, and 11 indicates no frequency shift. Optionally, when indicating single-sideband modulation, 1 bit within N bits can also be used to indicate the direction of the single-sideband frequency shift, for example, 0 for upward frequency shift and 1 for downward frequency shift.

[0184] Furthermore, the bits other than Mbit in Nbit are used to indicate the number of units of resources. If the terminal device supports frequency shifting with double-sideband modulation, the network device can also indicate the number of units of resources shifted from the center point to both sides. If the terminal device supports frequency shifting with single-sideband modulation, the network device can also indicate a downward or upward frequency shift using 1 bit, and indicate the number of units of resources shifted. Optionally, the terminal device can use the default frequency shifting direction, and the network device does not need to indicate a downward or upward frequency shift, but only needs to indicate the number of units of resources shifted. If the terminal device does not support frequency shifting, the network device can indicate frequency point information to the terminal device.

[0185] The third implementation method, in Msg0, indicates three different frequency domain resources corresponding to frequency domain resources with double-sideband modulation, frequency domain resources with single-sideband modulation, and frequency domain resources with frequency shifting based on CW, respectively.

[0186] Network devices can explicitly indicate the resource type, such as frequency domain resources with double-sideband modulation (BSMD), frequency domain resources with single-sideband modulation (SSM), and frequency domain resources with CW-based frequency shifting. The network device then indicates the number of resource units for the frequency shift to the terminal device.

[0187] Optionally, the network device may also use an implicit indication of the frequency-domain resource. For example, when the indicated resource is in duplicate, it represents the frequency-domain resource of the frequency shift with double-sideband modulation; when the indicated resource is in single copy, it represents the frequency-domain resource of the frequency shift with single-sideband modulation; when the frequency point of the indicated CW is given, it represents the frequency-domain resource for backscattering based on CW.

[0188] As shown in FIG. 12, FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of random access. The network device first sends Msg0 to the Devices (Device1, Device2, Device3, and Device4), and then Device1 sends Msg1 Device1 to the network device, Device2 sends Msg1 Device2 to the network device, Device3 sends Msg1 Device3 to the network device, and Device4 sends Msg1 Device4 to the network device. The network device sends Msg2 to Device1, and Device1 sends Msg3 to the network device; then, the network device sends Msg2 to Device2, and Device2 sends Msg3 to the network device, and so on.

[0189] The following describes the case where the network device supports time division multiple access (TDMA) and frequency division multiple access (FDMA) in the uplink. The network device may adopt the following scheme to allocate time-domain resources and / or frequency-domain resources for Msg3, so as to minimize the overhead of resource indication.

[0190] In the first implementation, the time-domain position and / or frequency-domain position of Msg3 can be determined according to the random access radio network temporary identifier (RA_RNTI) of Msg2.

[0191] (1) The calculation formula of RA_RNTI is as follows: RA-RNTI = 1 + s_id + X * f_id;

[0192] Where, s_id represents the index of the time-domain occasion (0 <= s_id < X), f_id represents the index of the frequency-domain occasion (0 <= f_id < Y), X is the number of time-domain occasions, and Y is the number of frequency-domain occasions.

[0193] (2) The calculation formula of RA_RNTI is as follows: RA-RNTI = 1 + sf_id;

[0194] Where sf_id is the index of the time-frequency domain occurrence. The sorting rules for the time-frequency domain are not limited; it can be time domain first then frequency domain, or frequency domain first then time domain, etc., and 0 <= sf_if <X*Y。

[0195] Optionally, in addition to being related to time-domain and frequency-domain occasions, RA-RNTI can also add ul_carrier_id to s_id and f_id.

[0196] Optionally, RA-RNTI can be generated only in the time domain or frequency domain, as follows:

[0197] RA-RNTI1 = 1 + s_id, where s_id represents the index of the time-domain occurrence (0 <= s_id) <X;

[0198] RA-RNTI2 = 1 + f_id, where f_id represents the index of the frequency domain occurrence (0 <= f_id) <Y。

[0199] Optionally, after generating RA-RNTI1 and RA-RNTI2, the final RA-RNTI can be obtained through a pre-configured conversion relationship. For example, the RA-RNTI can be determined through a pre-configured table that includes RA-RNTI1 and RA-RNTI2 and their conversion relationship.

[0200] Optionally, if there are multiple occasions in the time domain or frequency domain, the calculation is performed based on the first occasion among the multiple occasions.

[0201] Among them, RA_RNTI can be used to scramble cyclic redundancy check (CRC) codes, distinguish corresponding occasions, scramble data, or perform other functions without limitation.

[0202] Resources for Msg3 can be indicated based on RA-RNTI. In this case, RA-RNTI is calculated based on resources for Msg3, not resources for Msg1. When the terminal device demodulates resources for Msg2, blind detection is required, but the number of resources for Msg2 is limited, i.e., the number of RA-RNTI operations for blind detection is reduced.

[0203] The second implementation method is to determine the time domain location and / or frequency domain location of Msg3 based on the resource information indicated in Msg2.

[0204] (1) Resource information bits = 1 + s_id + X * f_id;

[0205] Among them, s_id represents the index of the time-domain occasion, where 0 <= s_id < X, and f_id represents the index of the frequency-domain occasion, where 0 <= f_id < Y.

[0206] (2) Resource information bits = 1 + sf_id;

[0207] Among them, sf_id is the index of the time-frequency domain occasion. The sorting rule of the time-frequency domain is not limited. It can be time domain first and then frequency domain, or frequency domain first and then time domain, etc. 0 <= sf_if < X * Y.

[0208] Optionally, in addition to being related to the time-domain occasion and the frequency-domain occasion, the resource information bits can also be added with ul_carrier_id, etc. based on s_id and f_id.

[0209] Optionally, generate the resource information bits only according to the time domain or the frequency domain, as follows:

[0210] Resource information bits1 = 1 + s_id, where s_id represents the index of the time-domain occasion, 0 <= s_id < X,

[0211] Resource information bits2 = 1 + f_id, where f_id represents the index of the frequency-domain occasion, 0 <= f_id < Y.

[0212] Optionally, after generating the resource information bits1 and the resource information bits2, obtain the final resource information bits through a pre-configured conversion relationship. For example, the resource information bits can be determined through a pre-configured table, and the table includes the conversion relationship between the resource information bits1, the resource information bits2, and the resource information bits

[0213] In the third implementation method, the time-domain position and / or the frequency-domain position of Msg3 can be determined according to the AS-ID in Msg2. Among them, the position can be an index.

[0214] (1) Through a predefined table, find the index of the time domain and / or the index of the frequency domain corresponding to the AS-ID. Among them, the table can include the corresponding relationship between the AS-ID and the index of the time domain and / or the index of the frequency domain.

[0215] (2) Use the result of AS-ID mod N as the index of the time domain, and use the result of AS-ID / N as the index of the frequency domain, or use the result of AS-ID mod N as the index of the frequency domain, and use the result of AS-ID / N as the index of the time domain.

[0216] (3) The AS-ID is calculated from the position in the time domain / the position in the frequency domain. It is similar to the second implementation method mentioned above, and will not be described in detail here.

[0217] The fourth implementation method determines the time-domain and / or frequency-domain location of Msg3 based on a bitmap. The bitmap indicates the time-domain and / or frequency-domain location. The bitmap comprises N bits, each corresponding to the time-domain and / or frequency-domain resources allocated by Msg0 to Msg1.

[0218] (1) If the time-domain and / or frequency-domain resources of Msg3 are unchanged relative to the time-domain and / or frequency-domain resources of Msg1, all bits in the bitmap can be set to 1 or 0, or it can be indicated that the resources of Msg3 are the same as those of Msg1.

[0219] (2) Since Msg3 has more resources than Msg1, an increase in time-domain resources relative to Msg1 can be indicated in Msg0 or Msg2, or an increase in time-domain resources relative to Msg1 can be predefined.

[0220] (3) The network device can indicate the value of the gap after Msg3, or it can indicate an increase or decrease of the gap relative to Msg1 in Msg0 or Msg2.

[0221] It is understood that, in the above-described method embodiments, the methods and operations implemented by the terminal device can also be implemented by components (such as chips or circuits) that can be used in the terminal device, and the methods and operations implemented by the network device can also be implemented by components (such as chips or circuits) that can be used in the network device.

[0222] This application embodiment can divide terminal devices or network devices into functional modules according to the above method examples. For example, each function can be divided into its own functional modules, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module. The integrated modules can be implemented in hardware or software functional modules. It should be noted that the module division in this application embodiment is illustrative and only represents one logical functional division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. The following description uses the division of functional modules according to each function as an example.

[0223] The method provided by the embodiments of this application has been described in detail above with reference to FIG. 5. The communication device provided by the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8. It should be understood that the description of the device embodiments corresponds to the description of the method embodiments; therefore, any content not described in detail can be referred to the method embodiments above, and for the sake of brevity, will not be repeated here.

[0224] Please refer to Figure 7, which is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. This communication device can implement the steps or processes executed by the terminal device corresponding to the method embodiments described above. In one possible design, the communication device may include a sending module 701, a processing module 702, and a receiving module 703. Optionally, the communication device may further include a storage module for storing device program code and / or data.

[0225] The communication device can be the terminal-side device in the above embodiments, such as a terminal device or a communication module in a terminal device, or a circuit or chip in a terminal device that is responsible for communication functions.

[0226] The sending module 701 is used to send a first request to a network device. The first request includes first data, and the first data is scrambled according to first information. The first request is used to request random access.

[0227] The receiving module 703 is configured to receive a first response from the network device, the first response being used to indicate whether the random access was successful.

[0228] Optionally, the first information is a random identifier, which is included in the first request.

[0229] Optionally, the first information is a preamble, which is sent by the terminal device to the network device.

[0230] Optionally, the first information is a random identifier and a preamble, wherein the random identifier is included in the first request, and the preamble is sent by the terminal device to the network device.

[0231] Optionally, the first information includes a Random Access Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RA_RNTI), a random identifier, and a preamble. The random identifier is included in the first request, and the preamble is sent by the terminal device to the network device.

[0232] Optionally, the receiving module 703 is further configured to receive first indication information from the network device, the first indication information being used to indicate the start time of detecting the first response; the receiving module 703 is further configured to receive the first response from the network device based on the first indication information.

[0233] Optionally, the processing module 702 is configured to determine the minimum interval between the first request and the first response based on configuration information, wherein the configuration information is used to indicate the time information for receiving the first response; the receiving module 703 is further configured to receive the first response from the network device based on the minimum interval.

[0234] Optionally, the configuration information is configured or predefined for the network device.

[0235] Optionally, the processing module 702 is used to determine the access type of the current random access; and based on the access type of the current random access and the configuration information, to determine the minimum interval time between the first request and the first response.

[0236] Optionally, the configuration information includes the correspondence between access type and duration; the processing module 702 is used to determine the minimum interval between the first request and the first response as a first duration when the access type of the current random access is two-step random access; to determine the minimum interval between the first request and the first response as a second duration when the access type of the current random access is three-step random access; and to determine the minimum interval between the first request and the first response as a third duration when the access type of the current random access is both two-step random access and three-step random access; wherein the first duration, the second duration, and the third duration are different from each other.

[0237] Optionally, the configuration information includes a minimum duration and an offset; the processing module 702 is configured to determine the minimum interval between the first request and the first response as the minimum duration when the current random access type is three-step random access; and to determine the minimum interval between the first request and the first response as the sum of the minimum duration and the offset when the current random access type is two-step random access, or when the current random access type is both two-step random access and three-step random access.

[0238] Optionally, the configuration information includes a first interval time; the processing module 702 is used to determine the minimum interval time between the first request and the first response as the first interval time.

[0239] Optionally, the processing module 702 is used to determine the resource type of the current random access; the sending module 701 is used to send the first request to the network device based on the resource type of the current random access.

[0240] Optionally, the processing module 702 is configured such that when the current random access resource type is a two-step random access resource, the first request includes the first data; and when the current random access resource type is a three-step random access resource, the first request does not include the first data.

[0241] Optionally, the receiving module 703 is further configured to receive second indication information from the network device, the second indication information being used to indicate the resource type of the current random access.

[0242] Optionally, the processing module 702 is used to determine the type of resource for the current random access based on the size of the configured resources, wherein the configured resources include a first part of resources and / or a second part of resources.

[0243] Optionally, the receiving module 703 is further configured to receive third indication information from the network device, the third indication information being used to indicate the purpose of the first request; the sending module 701 is further configured to send the first request to the network device based on the third indication information.

[0244] Optionally, the sending module 701 is further configured to send a preamble to the network device, the preamble being used to indicate the message type of the first request.

[0245] In one possible design, when the communication device is a terminal device or a communication module within a terminal device, the functions of the transmitting module 701 and the receiving module 703 can be implemented by a transceiver circuit. The function of the processing module 702 can be implemented by one or more processors. Specifically, the processor may include a modem chip, or a system-on-a-chip (SoC) chip or a SIP chip containing a modem core.

[0246] In one possible design, when the communication device is a circuit or chip responsible for communication functions in a terminal device, such as a modem chip or a system-on-a-chip (SoC) or SIP chip containing a modem core, the functions of the transmitting module 701 and the receiving module 703 can be implemented by the interface circuitry or data transceiver circuitry on the aforementioned chip. The function of the processing module 702 can be implemented by a circuit system in the aforementioned chip that includes one or more processors or processor cores.

[0247] It should be noted that the implementation of each module can also refer to the corresponding description of the method embodiment shown in Figure 5, and execute the methods and functions performed by the terminal device in the above embodiments.

[0248] Please refer to Figure 8, which is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. This communication device can implement the steps or processes executed by the network device corresponding to those described in the method embodiments above. In one possible design, the communication device may include a receiving module 801, a processing module 802, and a sending module 803. Optionally, the communication device may further include a storage module for storing device program code and / or data.

[0249] The communication device can be a network-side device as described in the above embodiments, such as a network device or a communication module in a network device, or a circuit or chip in a network device that is responsible for communication functions.

[0250] The receiving module 801 is configured to receive a first request from a terminal device, the first request including first data, and to scramble the first data according to first information, the first request being used to request random access;

[0251] The sending module 803 is used to send a first response to the terminal device, the first response being used to indicate whether the random access was successful.

[0252] Optionally, the first information is a random identifier, which is included in the first request.

[0253] Optionally, the first information is a preamble, which is sent by the terminal device to the network device.

[0254] Optionally, the first information is a random identifier and a preamble, wherein the random identifier is included in the first request and the preamble is sent by the terminal device to the network device.

[0255] Optionally, the first information includes a Random Access Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RA_RNTI), a random identifier, and a preamble. The random identifier is included in the first request, and the preamble is sent by the terminal device to the network device.

[0256] Optionally, the sending module 803 is further configured to send first indication information to the terminal device, the first indication information being used to indicate the start time of detecting the first response; the sending module 803 is further configured to send the first response to the terminal device based on the first indication information.

[0257] Optionally, the processing module 802 is configured to determine the minimum interval between the first request and the first response based on configuration information, wherein the configuration information is used to indicate the time information for sending the first response; the sending module 803 is further configured to send the first response to the terminal device based on the minimum interval.

[0258] Optionally, the configuration information is network device configuration or predefined.

[0259] Optionally, the processing module 802 is used to determine the access type of the current random access; and based on the access type of the current random access and the configuration information, to determine the minimum interval time between the first request and the first response.

[0260] Optionally, the configuration information includes the correspondence between access type and duration; the processing module 802 is used to determine the minimum interval between the first request and the first response as a first duration when the access type of the current random access is two-step random access; to determine the minimum interval between the first request and the first response as a second duration when the access type of the current random access is three-step random access; and to determine the minimum interval between the first request and the first response as a third duration when the access type of the current random access is both two-step random access and three-step random access; wherein the first duration, the second duration, and the third duration are different from each other.

[0261] Optionally, the configuration information includes a minimum duration and an offset; the processing module 802 is configured to determine the minimum interval between the first request and the first response as the minimum duration when the current random access type is three-step random access; and to determine the minimum interval between the first request and the first response as the sum of the minimum duration and the offset when the current random access type is two-step random access, or when the current random access type is both two-step random access and three-step random access.

[0262] Optionally, the configuration information includes a first interval time; the processing module 802 is used to determine the minimum interval time between the first request and the first response as the first interval time.

[0263] Optionally, the processing module 802 is used to determine the resource type of the current random access; the receiving module 801 is used to receive the first request from the terminal device based on the resource type of the current random access.

[0264] Optionally, the processing module 802 is configured such that when the current random access resource type is a two-step random access resource, the first request includes the first data; and when the current random access resource type is a three-step random access resource, the first request does not include the first data.

[0265] Optionally, the sending module 803 is used to send second indication information to the terminal device, the second indication information being used to indicate the resource type of the current random access.

[0266] Optionally, the processing module 802 is used to determine the resource type of the current random access based on the size of the configured resources, wherein the configured resources include a first part of resources and / or a second part of resources.

[0267] Optionally, the sending module 803 is used to send third indication information to the terminal device, the third indication information being used to indicate the purpose of the first request; the receiving module 801 is used to receive the first request from the terminal device based on the third indication information.

[0268] Optionally, the receiving module 801 is configured to receive a preamble from the terminal device, the preamble being used to indicate the message type of the first request.

[0269] In one possible design, when the communication device is a network device or a communication module within a network device, the functions of the receiving module 801 and the transmitting module 803 can be implemented by a transceiver circuit. The function of the processing module 802 can be implemented by one or more processors. Specifically, the processor may include a modem chip, or a system-on-a-chip (SoC) chip or a SIP chip containing a modem core.

[0270] In one possible design, when the communication device is a circuit or chip responsible for communication functions in a network device, such as a modem chip or a system-on-a-chip (SoC) or SIP chip containing a modem core, the functions of the receiving module 801 and the transmitting module 803 can be implemented by the interface circuitry or data transceiver circuitry on the aforementioned chip. The function of the processing module 802 can be implemented by a circuit system in the aforementioned chip that includes one or more processors or processor cores.

[0271] It should be noted that the implementation of each module can also refer to the corresponding description of the method embodiment shown in Figure 5, and execute the methods and functions performed by the network device in the above embodiment.

[0272] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a terminal device provided in an embodiment of this application. This terminal device can be applied to the system shown in Figure 3 to perform the functions of the terminal device in the above method embodiments, or to implement the steps or processes executed by the terminal device in the above method embodiments.

[0273] As shown in Figure 9, the terminal device includes a processor 901 and a transceiver 902. The transceiver 902 includes a transmitter 921, a receiver 922, and an antenna 923. The receiver 922 can be used to receive transmission control information through the antenna 923, and the transmitter 921 can be used to send transmission feedback information to the network device through the antenna 923. Optionally, the terminal device also includes a memory 903. The processor 901, transceiver 902, and memory 903 can communicate with each other through internal connection paths to transmit control and / or data signals. The memory 903 stores computer programs, and the processor 901 calls and runs the computer programs from the memory 903 to control the transceiver 902 to transmit and receive signals. Optionally, the terminal device may also include an antenna for transmitting uplink data or uplink control signaling output by the transceiver 902 via wireless signals.

[0274] The processor 901 described above can correspond to the processing module in Figure 7. The processor 901 and the memory 903 can be integrated into a single processing device, with the processor 901 executing the program code stored in the memory 903 to achieve the aforementioned functions. In specific implementations, the memory 903 can be integrated into the processor 901 or be independent of the processor 901.

[0275] The transceiver 902 described above can correspond to the receiving module and transmitting module in Figure 7, and can also be called a transceiver unit or transceiver module. The transceiver 902 may include a receiver (or receiver circuit) and a transmitter (or transmitter circuit). The receiver is used to receive signals, and the transmitter is used to transmit signals.

[0276] It should be understood that the terminal device shown in Figure 9 can implement all the processes involving the terminal device in the method embodiment shown in Figure 5. The operation and / or function of each module in the terminal device are respectively for implementing the corresponding processes in the above method embodiment. For details, please refer to the description in the above method embodiment; to avoid repetition, detailed descriptions are appropriately omitted here.

[0277] The processor 901 described above can be used to execute the actions implemented internally by the terminal device as described in the preceding method embodiments, while the transceiver 902 can be used to execute the actions described in the preceding method embodiments of sending data to or receiving data from the network device by the terminal device. Please refer to the descriptions in the preceding method embodiments for details, which will not be repeated here.

[0278] The processor 901 can be a central processing unit, a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. It can implement or execute various exemplary logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with the disclosure of this application. The processor 901 can also be a combination that implements computing functions, such as a combination of one or more microprocessors, a combination of a digital signal processor and a microprocessor, etc. The terminal device may also include a communication bus, which can be a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus or an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus, etc. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. The communication bus is used to realize the connection and communication between these components. In this embodiment, the transceiver 902 is used for signaling or data communication with other node devices. The memory 903 may include volatile memory, such as nonvolatile random access memory (NVRAM), phase change RAM (PRAM), magnetoresistive RAM (MRAM), etc., and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory devices, such as NOR flash memory or NAND flash memory, semiconductor devices, such as solid-state disks (SSDs), etc. Optionally, the memory 903 may also be at least one storage device located remotely from the aforementioned processor 901. Optionally, the memory 903 may also store a set of computer program code or configuration information. Optionally, the processor 901 may also execute the program stored in the memory 903. The processor can cooperate with the memory and transceiver to execute any of the methods and functions of the terminal device in the above-described embodiments.

[0279] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a network device provided in an embodiment of this application. This network device can be applied to the system shown in Figure 3 to perform the functions of the network device in the above method embodiments, or to implement the steps or processes performed by the network device in the above method embodiments.

[0280] As shown in Figure 10, the network device includes a processor 1001 and a transceiver 1002. The transceiver 1002 includes a transmitter 1021, a receiver 1022, and an antenna 1023. The transmitter 1021 can be used to send transmission control information to the terminal device through the antenna 1023, and the receiver 1022 can be used to receive transmission feedback information sent by the terminal device through the antenna 1023. Optionally, the network device also includes a memory 1003. The processor 1001, transceiver 1002, and memory 1003 can communicate with each other through internal connection paths to transmit control and / or data signals. The memory 1003 stores computer programs, and the processor 1001 calls and runs the computer programs from the memory 1003 to control the transceiver 1002 to transmit and receive signals. Optionally, the network device may also include an antenna for transmitting uplink data or uplink control signaling output by the transceiver 1002 via wireless signals.

[0281] The processor 1001 and the memory 1003 can be integrated into a single processing device. The processor 1001 executes the program code stored in the memory 1003 to achieve the aforementioned functions. In specific implementations, the memory 1003 can be integrated into the processor 1001 or be independent of the processor 1001.

[0282] The transceiver 1002 described above can correspond to the transmitting module and receiving module in Figure 8, and can also be referred to as a transceiver unit or transceiver module. The transceiver 1002 may include a receiver (or receiver circuit) and a transmitter (or transmitter circuit). The receiver is used to receive signals, and the transmitter is used to transmit signals.

[0283] It should be understood that the network device shown in Figure 10 can implement the various processes involving the network device in the method embodiment shown in Figure 5. The operation and / or function of each module in the network device are respectively for implementing the corresponding processes in the above method embodiment. For details, please refer to the description in the above method embodiment; to avoid repetition, detailed descriptions are appropriately omitted here.

[0284] The processor 1001 described above can be used to execute the actions implemented internally by the network device as described in the preceding method embodiments, while the transceiver 1002 can be used to execute the actions described in the preceding method embodiments of sending data from the network device to the terminal device or receiving data from the terminal device. For details, please refer to the descriptions in the preceding method embodiments; they will not be repeated here.

[0285] The processor 1001 can be any of the processors mentioned above. The network device may also include a communication bus, which can be a PCI bus (Peripheral Component Interconnect Standard) or an EISA bus (Extended Industry Standard Architecture). The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, and a control bus. The communication bus is used to enable communication between these components. In this embodiment, the transceiver 1002 is used for signaling or data communication with other devices. The memory 1003 can be any of the memory types mentioned above. Optionally, the memory 1003 can also be at least one storage device located remotely from the processor 1001. The memory 1003 stores a set of computer program code or configuration information, and the processor 1001 executes the program in the memory 1003. The processor can cooperate with the memory and the transceiver to execute any of the methods and functions of the network device in the above embodiments.

[0286] This application also provides a chip system including a processor for supporting network devices or terminal devices to implement the functions involved in any of the above embodiments, such as generating or processing the first request involved in the above methods.

[0287] In one possible design, the chip system may further include a memory for storing necessary computer programs and data for the network device or terminal device. The chip system may be composed of chips or may include chips and other discrete components. The inputs and outputs of the chip system correspond to the receiving and transmitting operations of the network device or terminal device in the method embodiment, respectively.

[0288] According to the method provided in the embodiments of this application, this application also provides a computer program product, which includes: a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method of any one of the embodiments shown in FIG5.

[0289] According to the method provided in the embodiments of this application, this application also provides a computer-readable medium storing a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method of any one of the embodiments shown in FIG5.

[0290] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved, in whole or in part, through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, it can be implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible to a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available media may be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (e.g., high-density digital video discs (DVDs)), or semiconductor media (e.g., solid-state disks (SSDs)).

[0291] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A random access method, characterized in that, The method includes: Send a first request to the network device, the first request including first data, scrambling the first data according to first information, the first request being used to request random access; Receive a first response from the network device, the first response indicating whether the random access was successful.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first information is a random identifier, which is included in the first request.

3. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first information is a preamble, which is sent by the terminal device to the network device.

4. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first information consists of a random identifier and a preamble. The random identifier is included in the first request, and the preamble is sent by the terminal device to the network device.

5. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first information consists of a Random Access Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RA_RNTI), a random identifier, and a preamble. The random identifier is included in the first request, and the preamble is sent by the terminal device to the network device.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The receipt of the first response from the network device includes: Receive first indication information from the network device, the first indication information being used to indicate the start time for detecting the first response; Based on the first indication information, the first response from the network device is received.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The receipt of the first response from the network device includes: Based on the configuration information, the minimum interval between the first request and the first response is determined, wherein the configuration information is used to indicate the time information for receiving the first response; Based on the minimum interval time, the first response from the network device is received.

8. The method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The configuration information is either configured or predefined for the network device.

9. The method as described in claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, Determining the minimum interval between the first request and the first response based on configuration information includes: Determine the access type for the current random access; Based on the current random access type and the configuration information, the minimum interval between the first request and the first response is determined.

10. The method as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The configuration information includes the correspondence between access type and duration; determining the minimum interval between the first request and the first response based on the current random access access type and the configuration information includes: When the current random access type is two-step random access, the minimum interval between the first request and the first response is determined to be the first duration. When the current random access type is three-step random access, the minimum interval between the first request and the first response is determined to be the second duration; When the current random access type is two-step random access or three-step random access, the minimum interval between the first request and the first response is determined to be the third duration. The first duration, the second duration, and the third duration are all different from each other.

11. The method as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The configuration information includes a minimum duration and an offset. Determining the minimum interval between the first request and the first response based on the current random access type and the configuration information includes: When the current random access type is three-step random access, the minimum interval between the first request and the first response is determined as the minimum duration; When the current random access type is two-step random access, or the current random access type is two-step random access and three-step random access, the minimum interval between the first request and the first response is determined to be the sum of the minimum duration and the offset.

12. The method as described in claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The configuration information includes a first interval time, and determining the minimum interval time between the first request and the first response based on the configuration information includes: The minimum interval between the first request and the first response is determined as the first interval.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1-12, characterized in that, The method further includes: Determine the type of resource currently being randomly accessed; Based on the currently randomly accessed resource type, the first request is sent to the network device.

14. The method as described in claim 13, characterized in that, Sending the first request to the network device based on the current randomly accessed resource type includes: When the resource type of the current random access is a two-step random access resource, the first request includes the first data; When the resource type of the current random access is a three-step random access resource, the first request does not include the first data.

15. The method as described in claim 13 or 14, characterized in that, The determination of the resource type for the current random access includes: Receive second indication information from the network device, the second indication information being used to indicate the resource type of the current random access.

16. The method as described in claim 13 or 14, characterized in that, The resource type for determining random access includes: Based on the size of the configured resources, the type of resource for the current random access is determined, wherein the configured resources include a first part of resources and / or a second part of resources.

17. The method according to any one of claims 1-12, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive third indication information from the network device, the third indication information being used to indicate the purpose of the first request; Based on the third indication information, the first request is sent to the network device.

18. The method according to any one of claims 1-17, characterized in that, The method further includes: A preamble is sent to the network device, the preamble indicating the message type of the first request.

19. A random access method, characterized in that, The method includes: Receive a first request from a terminal device, the first request including first data, scramble the first data according to first information, and the first request is used to request random access; A first response is sent to the terminal device, the first response indicating whether the random access was successful.

20. The method as described in claim 19, characterized in that, The first information is a random identifier, which is included in the first request.

21. The method as described in claim 19, characterized in that, The first information is a preamble, which is sent by the terminal device to the network device.

22. The method as described in claim 19, characterized in that, The first information consists of a random identifier and a preamble. The random identifier is included in the first request, and the preamble is sent by the terminal device to the network device.

23. The method as described in claim 19, characterized in that, The first information consists of a Random Access Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RA_RNTI), a random identifier, and a preamble. The random identifier is included in the first request, and the preamble is sent by the terminal device to the network device.

24. The method according to any one of claims 19-23, characterized in that, Sending the first response to the terminal device includes: Send a first indication message to the terminal device, the first indication message being used to indicate the start time for detecting the first response; Based on the first instruction information, the first response is sent to the terminal device.

25. The method according to any one of claims 19-23, characterized in that, Sending the first response to the terminal device includes: Based on the configuration information, the minimum interval between the first request and the first response is determined, wherein the configuration information is used to indicate the time information for sending the first response; Based on the minimum interval time, the first response is sent to the terminal device.

26. The method as described in claim 25, characterized in that, The configuration information is either network device configuration or predefined.

27. The method as described in claim 25 or 26, characterized in that, Determining the minimum interval between the first request and the first response based on configuration information includes: Determine the access type for the current random access; Based on the current random access type and the configuration information, the minimum interval between the first request and the first response is determined.

28. The method as described in claim 27, characterized in that, The configuration information includes the correspondence between access type and duration; determining the minimum interval between the first request and the first response based on the current random access type and the configuration information includes: When the current random access type is two-step random access, the minimum interval between the first request and the first response is determined to be the first duration. When the current random access type is three-step random access, the minimum interval between the first request and the first response is determined to be the second duration; When the current random access type is two-step random access or three-step random access, the minimum interval between the first request and the first response is determined to be the third duration. The first duration, the second duration, and the third duration are all different from each other.

29. The method as described in claim 27, characterized in that, The configuration information includes a minimum duration and an offset. Determining the minimum interval between the first request and the first response based on the current random access type and the configuration information includes: When the current random access type is three-step random access, the minimum interval between the first request and the first response is determined as the minimum duration; When the current random access type is two-step random access, or the current random access type is two-step random access and three-step random access, the minimum interval between the first request and the first response is determined to be the sum of the minimum duration and the offset.

30. The method as described in claim 25 or 26, characterized in that, The configuration information includes a first interval time, and determining the minimum interval time between the first request and the first response based on the configuration information includes: The minimum interval between the first request and the first response is determined as the first interval.

31. The method according to any one of claims 19-30, characterized in that, The method further includes: Determine the type of resource currently being randomly accessed; Based on the currently randomly accessed resource type, the first request from the terminal device is received.

32. The method as described in claim 31, characterized in that, Receiving the first request from the terminal device based on the currently randomly accessed resource type includes: When the resource type of the current random access is a two-step random access resource, the first request includes the first data; When the resource type of the current random access is a three-step random access resource, the first request does not include the first data.

33. The method as described in claim 31 or 32, characterized in that, The determination of the resource type for the current random access includes: Send a second indication message to the terminal device, the second indication message being used to indicate the type of resource currently randomly accessed.

34. The method as described in claim 31 or 32, characterized in that, The resource type for determining random access includes: Based on the size of the configured resources, the type of resource for the current random access is determined, wherein the configured resources include a first part of resources and / or a second part of resources.

35. The method according to any one of claims 19-30, characterized in that, The method further includes: Send a third indication message to the terminal device, the third indication message being used to indicate the purpose of the first request; Based on the third indication information, the first request from the terminal device is received.

36. The method according to any one of claims 19-30, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive a preamble from the terminal device, the preamble being used to indicate the message type of the first request.

37. A communication device, characterized in that, It includes a memory and a processor, the memory being used to store a computer program, and the processor running the computer program to cause the communication device to perform the method of any one of claims 1-18.

38. A communication device, characterized in that, It includes a memory and a processor, the memory being used to store a computer program, and the processor running the computer program to cause the communication device to perform the method of any one of claims 19-36.

39. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, causes the method as claimed in any one of claims 1-18 or any one of claims 19-36 to be implemented.

40. A chip, characterized in that, The chip includes a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface being used to communicate with external or internal devices, and the processor being used to implement the method as claimed in any one of claims 1-18 or any one of claims 19-36.

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