Signal conditioning circuit, analog-to-digital conversion system, and gain adjustment method and apparatus

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of analog-to-digital conversion, and provides a signal conditioning circuit, an analog-to-digital conversion system, and a gain adjustment method and apparatus. The signal conditioning circuit comprises: a switching module and a plurality of signal conditioning modules. The signal conditioning modules are separately connected to the switching module. The switching module is used for switching, on the basis of a switching instruction, a signal conditioning module connected to an analog-to-digital converter in an analog-to-digital conversion system, so that during each analog-to-digital conversion, one and only one signal conditioning module as a working signal conditioning module is connected to the analog-to-digital converter, the switching instruction being generated on the basis of a predicted gain level and a predicted signal; and the signal conditioning module is used for acquiring a signal to be converted, adjusting the signal to be converted to obtain an adjusted signal, and inputting the adjusted signal to the analog-to-digital converter for analog-to-digital conversion. The working signal conditioning module is switched by the switching module, so that the switching time becomes shorter, ensuring that data is available during sampling, thereby improving conversion accuracy.

Description

Signal conditioning circuits, analog-to-digital conversion systems, gain adjustment methods and devices

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This disclosure claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202510145858.5, filed on February 10, 2025, entitled “Signal Conditioning Circuit, Analog-to-Digital Conversion System, Gain Adjustment Method and Apparatus”, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This invention relates to the field of analog-to-digital conversion technology, specifically to a signal conditioning circuit, an analog-to-digital conversion system, a gain adjustment method, a gain adjustment device, an analog-to-digital conversion chip, a machine-readable storage medium, and an electronic device. Background Technology

[0004] Analog-to-digital (ADC) systems use ADC chips to convert data from digital to analog. Before the ADC, a signal conditioning circuit (usually an amplifier) ​​is typically added to condition the input signal to an amplitude suitable for the ADC's conversion. In current ADC systems, the amplification factor of the signal conditioning circuit needs to be configured before the ADC begins conversion; alternatively, adjusting the amplification factor of the signal conditioning circuit can maintain high accuracy when processing different signals. This is achieved by using an Automatic Gain Control (AGC) circuit to automatically adjust the gain of the signal conditioning circuit. By analyzing the amplitude of the ADC output data, it can be determined whether the input signal exceeds or is significantly smaller than the ADC chip's full-scale range, thus deciding whether to increase or decrease the gain of the signal conditioning circuit.

[0005] However, since the bandwidth of the amplifier in the existing signal conditioning circuit is limited, the amplifier requires a long settling time after the gain is adjusted. This can cause some points to exceed or fall far below the full scale of the ADC, resulting in some data being unusable during the sampling process. As shown in Figure 3, which schematically illustrates the signal before and after range switching according to the existing technology, the red portion of the signal is unusable immediately after the switch from 10V to 5V. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a signal conditioning circuit, an analog-to-digital conversion system, a gain adjustment method, a gain adjustment device, an analog-to-digital conversion chip, a machine-readable storage medium, and an electronic device. When gain switching is required, the signal conditioning circuit switches the working signal conditioning module through a switching module, thus shortening the switching time and quickly establishing a high-precision conversion circuit without waiting, ensuring data availability during sampling and thereby improving conversion accuracy.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of this application provides a signal conditioning circuit, including: a switching module and a plurality of signal conditioning modules, wherein each signal conditioning module is connected to the switching module.

[0008] The switching module is used to switch the signal conditioning module connected to the analog-to-digital converter in the analog-to-digital conversion system according to the switching command, so that in each analog-to-digital conversion, there is one and only one signal conditioning module as the working signal conditioning module connected to the analog-to-digital converter. The switching command is generated based on the predicted gain level and the predicted signal. The predicted signal is used to determine whether to switch the level, and the predicted gain level is used to determine which level to switch to.

[0009] The signal conditioning module is used to acquire the signal to be converted, adjust the signal to be converted to obtain the adjusted signal, and input the adjusted signal to the analog-to-digital converter for analog-to-digital conversion.

[0010] In this embodiment, the switching module includes multiple sets of switches, each set of switches corresponding to a signal conditioning module. One end of the switch is connected to the output terminal of the signal conditioning module, and the other end is connected to the input terminal of the analog-to-digital converter. Each set of switches is used to open or close according to the switching command to switch the signal conditioning module connected to the analog-to-digital converter.

[0011] In this embodiment, the signal conditioning module includes a multi-stage amplifier circuit unit, with each stage of the amplifier circuit unit cascaded together, and at least one stage of the amplifier circuit unit employs gain enhancement technology.

[0012] In this embodiment of the application, a pre-charging module is also included. The input terminal of the pre-charging module is connected to the output terminal of each signal conditioning module, and the output terminal of the pre-charging module is connected to the analog-to-digital converter. The pre-charging module is used to pre-charge the analog-to-digital converter during the sampling stage of each analog-to-digital conversion.

[0013] In this embodiment, the pre-charge module includes a pre-charge amplifier, a first pre-charge switch, and a second pre-charge switch. The input terminal of the pre-charge amplifier is connected to the output terminal of the working signal conditioning module, and the output terminal of the pre-charge amplifier is connected to the input terminal of the analog-to-digital converter. One end of the first pre-charge switch is connected to the input terminal of the pre-charge amplifier, and the other end is connected to the output terminal of the pre-charge amplifier. One end of the second disturbance switch is connected to the output terminal of the pre-charge amplifier, and the other end is connected to the input terminal of the analog-to-digital converter.

[0014] A second aspect of this application provides an analog-to-digital conversion system, including an analog-to-digital converter, a controller, and the aforementioned signal conditioning circuit; the controller is used to acquire a prediction gain level and a prediction signal, generate a switching command based on the prediction gain level and the prediction signal, and send the switching command to the signal conditioning circuit; the signal conditioning circuit is used to acquire the signal to be converted, and adjust the signal to be converted according to the switching command to obtain an adjusted signal; the analog-to-digital converter is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion on the adjusted signal to obtain a conversion result.

[0015] In this embodiment, a verification module is also included; the controller is used to generate a verification switching instruction based on the predicted signal and the predicted gain level, and send the verification switching instruction to the verification module; it is also used to generate a switching instruction based on the verification result and the predicted gain level, and send the switching instruction to the signal conditioning circuit; the verification module is used to verify the level of the corresponding signal conditioning module in the signal conditioning circuit according to the verification switching instruction, obtain the verification result, and send the verification result to the controller.

[0016] In this embodiment, the verification module includes a switching switch, a first comparator, and a second comparator. The outputs of the first and second comparators are respectively connected to the inputs of the controller. The positive input of the first comparator is connected to one end of the switching switch, and the negative input of the second comparator is connected to one end of the switching switch. The negative input of the first comparator is connected to a first reference voltage, and the positive input of the second comparator is connected to a second reference voltage. The other end of the switching switch is connected to the output of each signal conditioning module in the signal conditioning circuit. The switching switch is used to switch the signal conditioning module connected to the first and second comparators according to the verification switching command.

[0017] A third aspect of this application provides a gain adjustment method for the aforementioned analog-to-digital conversion system. The gain adjustment method includes: acquiring a predicted gain level and a predicted signal; generating a switching command based on the predicted gain level and the predicted signal; and sending the switching command to a signal conditioning circuit in the analog-to-digital conversion system, so that the signal conditioning circuit switches the signal conditioning module connected to the analog-to-digital converter in the analog-to-digital conversion system according to the switching command.

[0018] In this embodiment of the application, obtaining the predicted gain level includes: determining the signal change trend based on the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter; and determining the predicted gain level based on the signal change trend.

[0019] In this embodiment of the application, obtaining the prediction signal includes: determining the prediction signal according to a preset prediction model based on the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter. The prediction model is: data(n)_predict=data(n-1)+data(n-1)-data(n-2),

[0020] Where data(n)_predict is the prediction signal, data(n-1) is the result of the previous analog-to-digital converter conversion, and data(n-2) is the result of the analog-to-digital converter conversion two years ago.

[0021] In this embodiment of the application, generating a switching instruction based on the predicted gain level and the predicted signal includes: determining the signal conditioning module to be switched from multiple signal conditioning modules in the analog-to-digital conversion system based on the predicted gain level; determining whether to perform gain level switching based on the predicted signal; and generating a switching instruction based on the signal conditioning module to be switched if it is determined that gain level switching is to be performed.

[0022] In this embodiment of the application, after determining the signal conditioning module to be switched, the method further includes: adjusting the level of the signal conditioning module to be switched based on the predicted gain level.

[0023] In this embodiment of the application, determining whether to switch gain levels based on the predicted signal includes: determining whether to switch gain levels based on the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter and the predicted signal.

[0024] In this embodiment of the application, determining whether to perform gain level switching based on the historical conversion results and predicted signal of the analog-to-digital converter includes: determining whether the predicted signal has reached a preset level switching threshold; if the predicted signal has reached the preset level switching threshold, obtaining the signal change based on the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter, and determining whether the signal change has reached a preset threshold; if the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter have reached the preset threshold, determining that gain level switching should be performed.

[0025] In this embodiment of the application, when it is determined that a gain level switch is to be performed, a switching instruction is generated according to the signal conditioning module to be switched, including: when it is determined that a gain level switch is to be performed, generating a verification switching instruction based on the current level and the predicted gain level, and sending the verification switching instruction to the verification module in the analog-to-digital conversion system; obtaining the verification result sent by the verification module; and generating a switching instruction based on the verification result and the signal conditioning module to be switched.

[0026] In this embodiment of the application, the method further includes: at the beginning of each sampling phase of analog-to-digital conversion, controlling the output terminal of the working signal conditioning module to disconnect from the analog-to-digital converter, and controlling one end of the pre-charge module in the signal conditioning circuit to connect to the working signal conditioning module and the other end to the analog-to-digital converter; after a preset time, controlling the output terminal of the working signal conditioning module to connect to the analog-to-digital converter, and controlling the pre-charge module to disconnect from the analog-to-digital converter.

[0027] A fourth aspect of this application provides a gain adjustment device for the aforementioned analog-to-digital conversion system. The gain adjustment device includes: an acquisition module for acquiring a predicted gain level and a predicted signal; an instruction module for generating a switching instruction based on the predicted gain level and the predicted signal; and a transmission module for sending the switching instruction to a signal conditioning circuit in the analog-to-digital conversion system, so that the signal conditioning circuit switches the signal conditioning module connected to the analog-to-digital converter in the analog-to-digital conversion system according to the switching instruction.

[0028] In this embodiment of the application, the acquisition module includes: a first determination submodule, used to determine the signal change trend based on the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter; and a second determination submodule, used to determine the predicted gain level based on the signal change trend.

[0029] In this embodiment of the application, the acquisition module includes: a third determination submodule, used to determine the predicted signal according to a preset prediction model based on the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter. The prediction model is: data(n)_predict=data(n-1)+data(n-1)-data(n-2),

[0030] Where data(n)_predict is the prediction signal, data(n-1) is the result of the previous analog-to-digital converter conversion, and data(n-2) is the result of the analog-to-digital converter conversion two years ago.

[0031] In this embodiment, the instruction module includes: a fourth determining submodule, used to determine the signal conditioning module to be switched from multiple signal conditioning modules in the analog-to-digital conversion system according to the predicted gain level; a judging submodule, used to judge whether to switch the gain level according to the predicted signal; and an instruction generating submodule, used to generate a switching instruction according to the signal conditioning module to be switched when it is determined that a gain level switch is to be performed.

[0032] In this embodiment of the application, it further includes: an adjustment module, used to adjust the level of the signal conditioning module to be switched based on the predicted gain level.

[0033] In this embodiment of the application, the judgment submodule includes: a first judgment unit, used to determine whether to perform gain level switching based on the historical conversion results and predicted signals of the analog-to-digital converter.

[0034] In this embodiment of the application, the first judgment unit includes: a threshold judgment subunit, used to judge whether the predicted signal has reached a preset level switching threshold; a threshold judgment subunit, used to, when it is determined that the predicted signal has reached the preset level switching threshold, obtain the signal change based on the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter, and judge whether the signal change has reached a preset threshold; and a determination subunit, used to, when it is determined that the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter have reached the preset threshold, determine that gain level switching should be performed.

[0035] In this embodiment, the instruction generation submodule includes: a verification instruction unit, used to generate a verification switching instruction based on the current gain level and the predicted gain level when it is determined that a gain level switch is to be performed, and send the verification switching instruction to the verification module in the analog-to-digital conversion system; an acquisition unit, used to acquire the verification result sent by the verification module; and an instruction generation unit, used to generate a switching instruction based on the verification result and the signal conditioning module to be switched.

[0036] In this embodiment, the system further includes: a first control module, configured to disconnect the output of the working signal conditioning module from the analog-to-digital converter at the start of each sampling phase of the analog-to-digital conversion, and to connect one end of the pre-charge module in the signal conditioning circuit to the working signal conditioning module and the other end to the analog-to-digital converter; and a second control module, configured to connect the output of the working signal conditioning module to the analog-to-digital converter after a preset time, and to disconnect the pre-charge module from the analog-to-digital converter.

[0037] The fifth aspect of this application provides an analog-to-digital converter chip, including an analog-to-digital converter core, a controller, and the aforementioned signal conditioning circuit; the controller is used to acquire a prediction gain level and a prediction signal, generate a switching instruction based on the prediction gain level and the prediction signal, and send the switching instruction to the signal conditioning circuit; the signal conditioning circuit is used to acquire the signal to be converted, and adjust the signal to be converted according to the switching instruction to obtain an adjusted signal; the analog-to-digital converter core is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion on the adjusted signal to obtain a conversion result.

[0038] In this embodiment, a verification module is also included; the controller is used to generate a verification switching instruction based on the predicted signal and the predicted gain level, and send the verification switching instruction to the verification module; it is also used to generate a switching instruction based on the verification result and the predicted gain level, and send the switching instruction to the signal conditioning circuit; the verification module is used to verify the level of the corresponding signal conditioning module in the signal conditioning circuit according to the verification switching instruction, obtain the verification result, and send the verification result to the controller.

[0039] In this embodiment, the verification module includes a switching switch, a first comparator, and a second comparator. The outputs of the first and second comparators are respectively connected to the input of the controller. The positive input of the first comparator is connected to one end of the switching switch, and the negative input of the second comparator is connected to one end of the switching switch. The other end of the switching switch is connected to the output of each signal conditioning module in the signal conditioning circuit. The switching switch is used to switch the signal conditioning module connected to the first and second comparators according to the verification switching command.

[0040] A sixth aspect of this application provides an electronic device comprising: at least one processor; and a memory connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the at least one processor implements the above-described gain adjustment method by executing the instructions stored in the memory.

[0041] A seventh aspect of this application provides a machine-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed by a processor, configure the processor to perform the aforementioned gain adjustment method.

[0042] The above technical solution involves setting up a switching module and multiple signal conditioning modules, each connected to the switching module. The switching module, according to a switching command, switches the signal conditioning module connected to the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) in the analog-to-digital conversion system. This ensures that during each analog-to-digital conversion, only one signal conditioning module is connected to the ADC as the working signal conditioning module. The switching command is generated based on the predicted gain level and the predicted signal. The signal conditioning module acquires the signal to be converted, adjusts it to obtain an adjusted signal, and inputs the adjusted signal to the ADC for analog-to-digital conversion. With multiple signal conditioning modules, when one is used as the working signal conditioning module, the others serve as backup conditioning modules. When gain switching is required, the switching module switches the working signal conditioning module. This shortens the switching time, allowing for rapid establishment of a high-precision conversion circuit without waiting, ensuring data availability during sampling, and thus improving conversion accuracy.

[0043] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0044] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate embodiments of the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the embodiments of the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0045] Figure 1 schematically illustrates the connection diagram of a signal conditioning circuit and an analog-to-digital conversion system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 2 schematically illustrates the structure of an analog-to-digital conversion system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 3 schematically illustrates the signal diagrams before and after gear shifting according to existing technology;

[0048] Figure 4 schematically illustrates the connection diagram of the pre-charging module according to an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 5 schematically illustrates a gear shifting threshold diagram according to an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 6 schematically illustrates the relationship between the signal-to-noise ratio and the amplitude of the input signal according to an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 7 schematically illustrates a flow chart of a gain adjustment method according to an embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 8 schematically illustrates the structure of a gain adjustment device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 9 schematically illustrates the internal structure of a computer device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0054] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 410 - Acquisition module; 420 - Instruction module; 430 - Transmission module; A01 - Processor; A02 - Network interface; A03 - Internal memory; A04 - Display screen; A05 - Input device; A06 - Non-volatile storage medium; B01 - Operating system; B02 - Computer program. Detailed Implementation

[0055] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0056] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this application involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0057] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this application involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the technical solutions of various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0058] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, all data is represented as signed numbers. Taking the decimal data corresponding to a 16-bit binary number as an example: when the signal is at its maximum positive value, it is 32767; when the signal is at its maximum negative value, it is -32767.

[0059] Please refer to Figure 1, which schematically illustrates the connection diagram of a signal conditioning circuit and an analog-to-digital conversion system according to an embodiment of this application. This embodiment provides a signal conditioning circuit, including: a switching module and multiple signal conditioning modules, each signal conditioning module being connected to the switching module;

[0060] The switching module is used to switch the signal conditioning module connected to the analog-to-digital converter in the analog-to-digital conversion system according to the switching command, so that in each analog-to-digital conversion, there is one and only one signal conditioning module as the working signal conditioning module connected to the analog-to-digital converter. The switching command is generated based on the predicted gain level and the predicted signal. The predicted signal is used to determine whether to switch the level, and the predicted gain level is used to determine which level to switch to.

[0061] The signal conditioning module is used to acquire the signal to be converted, adjust the signal to be converted to obtain the adjusted signal, and input the adjusted signal to the analog-to-digital converter for analog-to-digital conversion.

[0062] In this embodiment, the signal conditioning module can be an amplifier, used to condition the signal to an amplitude suitable for conversion by the ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter). The amplification factor of each signal conditioning module is adjustable, allowing the signal chain to maintain high precision when processing different signals. The amplification factors of each signal conditioning module can be fixed values, or different amplification factors can be pre-set for each module before switching. The switching module is mainly used to switch between signal conditioning modules; during each analog-to-digital conversion, only one signal conditioning module is connected to the ADC. The prediction signal is used to determine whether a range switch is needed, and the prediction gain range is used to determine which range to switch to. A switching command is generated based on the prediction gain range and the prediction signal, allowing the signal conditioning circuit to perform fast and accurate range switching. The switching module can be a switch, relay, etc., to control the on / off connection between each signal conditioning module and the ADC. When the switching module switches to the signal conditioning module, the switched signal conditioning module acts as the working signal conditioning module, adjusting the signal to be converted. This adjustment refers to conditioning the signal to be converted to an amplitude suitable for the ADC to perform the conversion. After switching, it is not in a standby state as a working signal conditioning module. It should be noted that the number of signal conditioning modules can be set according to requirements, with a minimum of two. For ease of explanation, this embodiment mainly uses two signal conditioning modules as an example.

[0063] In some embodiments, the switching module includes multiple sets of switches, each set of switches corresponding to a signal conditioning module. One end of the switch is connected to the output terminal of the signal conditioning module, and the other end is connected to the input terminal of the analog-to-digital converter. Each set of switches is used to open or close according to a switching command to switch the signal conditioning module connected to the analog-to-digital converter.

[0064] In this embodiment, a set of switches corresponds to one signal conditioning module. The switches are positioned between the signal conditioning module and the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) to control the on / off state of the signal circuits between the signal conditioning module and the ADC, thereby switching the signal conditioning module connected to the ADC. As shown in Figure 2, amplifier 1 and amplifier 2 are two signal conditioning modules, switches SW1 and SW2 form one set of switches, and switches SW3 and SW4 form another set of switches. Switches SW1 and SW2 correspond to amplifier 1, and switches SW3 and SW4 correspond to amplifier 2.

[0065] By setting the switching module as multiple sets of switches, each set of switches can correspond to a signal conditioning module, which can be opened or closed according to the switching command. This allows for quick and accurate switching of the signal conditioning module connected to the analog-to-digital converter, making control simple and convenient.

[0066] In some embodiments, the signal conditioning module includes a multi-stage amplifier circuit unit, with each stage of the amplifier circuit unit cascaded together, and at least one stage of the amplifier circuit unit employs gain enhancement technology.

[0067] In this embodiment, to improve the total harmonic distortion (THD) performance of the high-precision signal link, the signal conditioning module gain can be designed to be very high; specifically, the gain of key amplifiers can be set very high. For example, amplifiers 1 and 2 in Figure 2. To achieve high gain, multiple stages of amplifiers are typically used, along with gain enhancement techniques, meaning at least one amplifier circuit unit is used for gain enhancement to achieve high gain. The aforementioned gain enhancement techniques are existing technologies and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0068] By setting up multi-stage amplifier circuit units, with each stage cascaded, and at least one stage employing gain enhancement technology, the gain can be increased. For example, as shown in Figure 2, amplifiers 1 and 2 can have their gains set to ±20V±12.5V±10V±6.25V±5V±2.5V by adjusting Rf1 and Rf2. It should be noted that amplifiers 1 and 2 can also achieve gain using passive components such as capacitors.

[0069] Amplifier 1 is being connected to the subsequent circuit. Switches SW1 and SW2 are closed, while switches SW3 and SW4 are open. Taking amplifier 1 operating at ±10V as an example, amplifier 2 is in standby mode, and its gain may be set to an adjacent range to amplifier 1, such as ±12.5V or ±6.25V. Upon receiving a switching command, switches SW1 and SW2 are opened, and switches SW3 and SW4 are closed, thus enabling amplifier 2 to operate. Amplifier 2 adjusts the signal before it is input to the subsequent analog-to-digital converter for conversion, while amplifier 1 remains in standby mode.

[0070] In the above implementation, a switching module and multiple signal conditioning modules are set up, each connected to the switching module. The switching module, according to a switching command, switches the signal conditioning module connected to the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) in the analog-to-digital conversion system. This ensures that during each analog-to-digital conversion, only one signal conditioning module is connected to the ADC as the working signal conditioning module. The switching command is generated based on the predicted gain level and the predicted signal. The working signal conditioning module acquires the signal to be converted, adjusts it to obtain an adjusted signal, and inputs the adjusted signal to the ADC for analog-to-digital conversion. With multiple signal conditioning modules, when one is used as the working signal conditioning module, the others serve as backup conditioning modules. When gain switching is required, the switching module switches the working signal conditioning module. Compared to directly switching the amplifier gain, this shortens the switching time, quickly establishes a high-precision conversion circuit without waiting, ensures data availability during sampling, and thus improves conversion accuracy.

[0071] In some embodiments, a pre-charging module is also included. The input of the pre-charging module is connected to the output of each signal conditioning module, and the output of the pre-charging module is connected to the analog-to-digital converter. The pre-charging module is used to pre-charge the analog-to-digital converter during the sampling stage of each analog-to-digital conversion.

[0072] In this embodiment, in actual implementation, directly connecting the output of the signal conditioning circuit to the ADC would also cause disturbance to the signal conditioning module. Specifically, at the start of each sampling, the ADC's sampling capacitor would cause a step disturbance to the voltage of the signal conditioning module. Therefore, to reduce the disturbance to the signal conditioning module, a pre-charge module is set between the signal conditioning module and the ADC. The pre-charge module is used to pre-charge the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) at the beginning of each analog-to-digital conversion sampling phase, especially during gain adjustment of the signal conditioning module, so that its voltage quickly approaches the target value. Specifically, for a period of time at the beginning of each analog-to-digital conversion sampling, the capacitor of the ADC is charged. After the capacitor has been charged for a period of time, the signal conditioning module is then connected to the ADC for conversion. In this way, the ADC connection does not disturb the signal conditioning module, but rather the pre-charge module. This also results in a faster switching speed when switching between signal conditioning modules.

[0073] The pre-charge module includes a pre-charge amplifier, a first pre-charge switch, and a second pre-charge switch. The input terminal of the pre-charge amplifier is connected to the output terminal of the working signal conditioning module, and the output terminal of the pre-charge amplifier is connected to the input terminal of the analog-to-digital converter. One end of the first pre-charge switch is connected to the input terminal of the pre-charge amplifier, and the other end is connected to the output terminal of the pre-charge amplifier. One end of the second pre-charge switch is connected to the output terminal of the pre-charge amplifier, and the other end is connected to the input terminal of the analog-to-digital converter.

[0074] In this embodiment, at the start of sampling, the first pre-charge switch is open and the second pre-charge switch is closed, connecting the pre-charge amplifier to the analog-to-digital converter (ADC). At this time, the pre-charge amplifier charges the ADC's capacitor. The connection of the ADC does not disturb the output of the signal conditioning module, but it does disturb the output voltage of the pre-charge amplifier. Charging the ADC's capacitor for a period of time before connecting the signal conditioning module significantly reduces the disturbance to the signal conditioning module's output voltage. That is, after a period of time, the first pre-charge switch closes and the second pre-charge switch opens, connecting the signal conditioning module to the ADC and allowing it to complete the charging of the ADC. Thus, the final voltage on the ADC is determined by the signal conditioning module, preventing a decrease in accuracy. Furthermore, due to the presence of the pre-charge amplifier, the connection of the ADC's capacitor does not cause significant disturbance to the signal conditioning module, and the voltage settling time is not too long.

[0075] For example, please refer to Figure 4, which schematically shows a connection diagram of the pre-charge module according to an embodiment of this application. The pre-charge amplifiers are amplifier 3 and amplifier 4, the first pre-charge switches are SW6 and SW8, the second pre-charge switches are SW7 and SW9, and amplifier 1 is a signal conditioning module. Before the ADC enters sampling, SW6, SW8, SW7, SW9, and SW_ADC are all in an off state.

[0076] At the start of sampling, SW6 and SW8 are still disconnected. First, SW7 and SW9 are connected. Then, SW_ADC is connected. This way, connecting the ADC will not disturb the output of amplifier 1, but will disturb the output voltages of amplifiers 3 and 4.

[0077] In the circuit, amplifiers 3 and 4 do not require very high gains, and complex gain enhancement techniques are unnecessary. Furthermore, amplifiers 3 and 4 have very short operating times, allowing for high power consumption during operation. Therefore, amplifiers 3 and 4 are much faster than amplifier 1. After amplifiers 3 and 4 have charged the ADC core capacitor for a period of time, for example, allowing the voltage to build up to 95%, before connecting the main amplifier, the disturbance to the output voltage of amplifier 1 will be significantly reduced.

[0078] Therefore, after completing the second step above for a period of time, the third step involves disconnecting SW7 and SW9 and connecting SW6 and SW8, allowing amplifier 1 to complete the charging of the ADC core. In this way, the final voltage on the ADC core is determined by amplifier 1, so the accuracy will not decrease; and due to the presence of amplifiers 3 and 4, the capacitor connection of the ADC core will not cause significant disturbance to amplifier 1, and the voltage settling time will not be too long.

[0079] By setting up a pre-charging module, the analog-to-digital converter is charged at the start of sampling. After a period of time, it is then connected to the signal conditioning module, thereby reducing the disturbance of the analog-to-digital converter to the signal conditioning module and improving accuracy.

[0080] This embodiment provides an analog-to-digital conversion system, including an analog-to-digital converter, a controller, and the aforementioned signal conditioning circuit. The controller is used to acquire a predicted gain level and a predicted signal, generate a switching command based on the predicted gain level and the predicted signal, and send the switching command to the signal conditioning circuit. The signal conditioning circuit is used to acquire the signal to be converted and adjust the signal to be converted according to the switching command to obtain an adjusted signal. The analog-to-digital converter is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion on the adjusted signal to obtain a conversion result.

[0081] In this embodiment, the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) performs analog-to-digital conversion on the signal. The signal conditioning circuit conditions the signal to be converted to an amplitude suitable for the ADC's conversion. The controller can adjust the amplification factor of the signal conditioning circuit to maintain high accuracy when the signal chain processes different signals. The controller generates a switching command based on the predicted gain level and the predicted signal, and sends the switching command to the signal conditioning circuit. The signal conditioning circuit then adjusts the gain according to the predicted gain level to adjust the signal to be converted. The predicted gain level refers to the predicted gain level required for the next conversion. It can be input by the user or predicted based on historical conversion data. The predicted signal can be obtained from historical conversion signals. The predicted signal is used to determine whether a level switch is needed, and the predicted gain level is used to determine which level to switch to. Generating a switching command based on the predicted gain level and the predicted signal allows the signal conditioning circuit to perform a fast and accurate level switch. According to the switching command, the signal conditioning circuit switches its internal signal conditioning module to quickly complete the gain switch, thereby adjusting the signal to be converted to an amplitude suitable for the ADC's conversion, and then the ADC performs digital-to-analog conversion.

[0082] In the above implementation process, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a controller, and the aforementioned signal conditioning circuit are configured. The controller acquires the predicted gain level and the predicted signal, generates a switching command based on the predicted gain level and the predicted signal, and sends the switching command to the signal conditioning circuit. The signal conditioning circuit acquires the signal to be converted and adjusts the signal to be converted according to the switching command to obtain the adjusted signal. The ADC performs analog-to-digital conversion on the adjusted signal to obtain the conversion result. When switching gain levels, the switching time of the signal conditioning circuit is shortened, and a high-precision conversion circuit can be quickly established without waiting, ensuring data availability during sampling and thus improving conversion accuracy. It can automatically detect the signal input amplitude and automatically adjust the gain of the ADC, thereby better utilizing the dynamic range of the ADC, reducing quantization noise, and improving the accuracy of analog-to-digital conversion.

[0083] In some embodiments, the system further includes a verification module; the controller is configured to generate a verification switching instruction based on the predicted signal and the predicted gain level, and send the verification switching instruction to the verification module; it is also configured to generate a switching instruction based on the verification result and the predicted gain level, and send the switching instruction to the signal conditioning circuit; the verification module is configured to verify the level of the corresponding signal conditioning module in the signal conditioning circuit based on the verification switching instruction, obtain the verification result, and send the verification result to the controller.

[0084] In this embodiment, for the ADC, performance deteriorates drastically when the signal exceeds its range. Considering that the predicted signal is derived from historical conversion signals and has a certain lag, and since the predicted signal is used to determine whether to switch gears, a verification module can be set up to avoid errors caused by noise in determining whether to switch gears based on the predicted information. This verification module is used to verify the correctness of the judgment when a gear switch is determined. Specifically, it can first determine whether to switch to the predicted gain gear based on the predicted signal, and then generate a gear verification command. The verification module further determines whether to switch based on the gear verification command, specifically by verifying the gear of the corresponding signal conditioning module in the signal conditioning circuit, and obtaining the verification result. Here, the corresponding signal conditioning module refers to the signal conditioning module corresponding to the predicted gain gear, i.e., the signal conditioning module to be switched to. If the verification result is successful, a switching command is generated based on the verification result and the predicted gain gear, and the switching command is sent to the signal conditioning circuit. If the verification result is unsuccessful, no switching is performed.

[0085] By setting up a verification module, it is possible to reconfirm whether to switch gain levels, ensuring the correctness of the switching and avoiding errors caused by noise or other factors that lead to errors in switching judgments based on predicted signals, thereby improving the accuracy of the conversion.

[0086] In some embodiments, the verification module includes a switching switch, a first comparator, and a second comparator. The outputs of the first and second comparators are respectively connected to the inputs of the controller. The positive input of the first comparator is connected to one end of the switching switch, and the negative input of the second comparator is connected to one end of the switching switch. The negative input of the first comparator is connected to a first reference voltage, and the positive input of the second comparator is connected to a second reference voltage. The other end of the switching switch is connected to the output of each signal conditioning module in the signal conditioning circuit. The switching switch is used to switch the signal conditioning module connected to the first and second comparators according to the verification switching command.

[0087] In this embodiment, the verification process can be finalized using two verification comparators. As shown in Figure 2, the verification module includes two comparators and a switch SW_switch. If, based on the prediction signal, amplifier 1 is at the 10V level and amplifier 2 is at the 12.5V level when switching, the switching is performed directly. If, based on the prediction signal, amplifier 1 is at the 10V level and amplifier 2 is at the 6.25V level when switching, a gear verification command is generated. The verification module switches SW_switch to 2 according to the gear verification command. H_alarm and L_alarm serve as the outputs of the two comparators, respectively. If either H_alarm or L_alarm is high, no switching is performed, and amplifier 1 is still used; otherwise, a switching is confirmed. VREF_H and VREF_L are the reference values ​​for the two comparators, namely the first reference voltage and the second reference voltage. They can be set as needed, for example, they can be set to 0.95*(VCM+VREF / 2) and 1.05*(VCM-VREF / 2) respectively. Here, VCM is the common-mode voltage of the input signal and VREF is the full-scale voltage of the ADC.

[0088] By setting up a switching switch, a first comparator, and a second comparator as the final confirmation circuit for gain switching, the gain switching can be verified, thereby improving the robustness of the system.

[0089] The signal conditioning circuit has a large gain. Using this method, when the input signal is small, the gain can be automatically increased, making full use of the dynamic range of the ADC core and reducing the impact of quantization noise and thermal noise of the ADC core on the performance of the signal link. As shown in Figure 6, Figure 6 schematically illustrates the relationship between the signal-to-noise ratio and the amplitude of the input signal according to an embodiment of this application. Without this method, the relationship between the signal-to-noise ratio and the amplitude of the input signal is as shown by the blue line; with this method, as shown by the red line, the overall performance can be significantly improved when the input signal amplitude is small.

[0090] Please refer to Figure 7, which schematically illustrates a flow chart of a gain adjustment method according to an embodiment of this application. This embodiment provides a gain adjustment method for the aforementioned analog-to-digital conversion system, specifically a controller applied in the analog-to-digital conversion system. The gain adjustment method includes the following steps:

[0091] Step 210: Obtain the prediction gain level and prediction signal;

[0092] In this embodiment, the predicted gain level refers to the predicted gain level required for the next conversion, which can be predicted based on historical conversion data. The predicted signal can be obtained based on historical conversion signals.

[0093] In some embodiments, obtaining the predicted gain level includes the following steps:

[0094] First, the signal change trend is determined based on the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter. In this embodiment, the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter can be the results of the two most recent conversions. For example, if the current conversion is the nth conversion, and the conversion result is denoted as data(n), the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter can include data(n-1) and data(n-2), where data(n-1) is the data of the previous conversion result and data of the conversion result two times before, respectively. The specific gear selection is determined by data(n-1)-data(n-2). If data(n-1)>0 and data(n-1)-data(n-2)>0, it indicates that the signal is changing towards the positive full scale; or, if data(n-1)<0 and data(n-1)-data(n-2)<0, it indicates that the signal is changing towards the negative full scale. Conversely, if data(n-1)>0 and data(n-1)-data(n-2)<0, or if data(n-1)<0 and data(n-1)-data(n-2)>0, it indicates that the signal is changing towards zero.

[0095] Then, based on the signal change trend, the predicted gain level is determined. In this embodiment, the predicted gain level can be determined according to the signal change trend.

[0096] For example, referring to Figure 2, amplifiers 1 and 2 can have their gains set to the following levels by adjusting Rf1 and Rf2: ±20V, ±12.5V, ±10V, ±6.25V, ±5V, and ±2.5V. Amplifier 1 is being connected to the subsequent circuit. Taking amplifier 1 operating at the ±10V level as an example, amplifier 2 is in a standby state, and its gain may be set to a level adjacent to that of amplifier 1, i.e., it may be set to the ±12.5V level or the ±6.25V level. The specific range to select can be determined by data(n-1) - data(n-2). If data(n-1) > 0 and data(n-1) - data(n-2) > 0, it indicates that the signal is changing towards the positive full scale; or, if data(n-1) < 0 and data(n-1) - data(n-2) < 0, it indicates that the signal is changing towards the negative full scale. In this case, amplifier 2 in the standby state selects ±12.5V. Conversely, if data(n-1) > 0 and data(n-1) - data(n-2) < 0, or if data(n-1) < 0 and data(n-1) - data(n-2) > 0, it indicates that the signal is changing towards zero. In this case, amplifier 2 in the standby state selects ±6.25V.

[0097] By analyzing the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter, the signal change trend can be determined, and thus the predictive gain level can be predicted quickly and accurately.

[0098] In some embodiments, obtaining the prediction signal includes the following steps: determining the prediction signal according to a preset prediction model based on the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter, wherein the prediction model is: data(n)_predict=data(n-1)+data(n-1)-data(n-2),

[0099] Where data(n)_predict is the prediction signal, data(n-1) is the result of the previous analog-to-digital converter conversion, and data(n-2) is the result of the analog-to-digital converter conversion two years ago.

[0100] In this embodiment, the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter can be the results of the two most recent conversions. The value of data(n-1) - data(n-2) is predicted as an overflow of signal changes. When the signal frequency is slow, for example, much lower than the sampling rate (typically, industrial signal frequencies are between 50Hz and 1kHz), the sampling rate can reach 1Msps. A sine wave can be locally represented as a straight line. Therefore, the predicted value of the signal in this case is data(n)_predict = data(n-1) + data(n-1) - data(n-2). Substituting the results of the two most recent conversions into the prediction model yields the predicted signal.

[0101] Based on the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter, the predicted signal can be determined quickly and accurately according to the preset prediction model.

[0102] Step 220: Generate a switching command based on the predicted gain level and the predicted signal;

[0103] In this embodiment, the prediction signal is used to determine whether to switch gears, and the prediction gain gear is used to determine which gear to switch to, thereby generating a switching command to enable the signal conditioning circuit in the analog-to-digital conversion system to adjust the gain.

[0104] In some embodiments, a switching instruction is generated based on the predicted gain level and the predicted signal, including the following steps:

[0105] First, based on the predicted gain level, the signal conditioning module to be switched is determined from multiple signal conditioning modules in the analog-to-digital conversion system. In this embodiment, after obtaining the predicted gain level, the signal conditioning module to be switched can be determined from multiple signal conditioning modules, and this signal conditioning module to be switched is the working signal conditioning module for the next conversion. The determination can be based on pre-set rules. For example, if the pre-set rule is that level 1 is executed by signal conditioning module A, level 2 by signal conditioning module B, and level 3 by signal conditioning module C, then if the predicted gain level is level 2, then the signal conditioning module to be switched is signal conditioning module B.

[0106] Then, based on the predicted signal, it is determined whether to switch the gain level. In this embodiment, the above determination can be obtained by determining whether the predicted signal is within a preset switching threshold, or it can be determined by further combining historical conversion results while determining whether the predicted signal is within a preset switching threshold.

[0107] In some embodiments, determining whether to perform gain level switching based on the prediction signal includes: determining whether to perform gain level switching based on the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter and the prediction signal.

[0108] The process of determining whether to switch gain levels based on the historical conversion results and predicted signals of the analog-to-digital converter includes the following steps:

[0109] The first step is to determine whether the predicted signal reaches the preset gear switching threshold. In this embodiment, the preset gear switching threshold can be set in advance according to the actual situation. There can be multiple gear switching thresholds, and different gear switching thresholds can be set for different gears. For example, in Figure 2, four switching thresholds can be set for the case where amplifier 1 is working at the 10V level, namely +32767*0.95, -32767*0.95, +32767*0.65*0.95, and -32767*0.65*0.95, as shown in Figure 5. Figure 5 schematically shows a schematic diagram of the gear switching thresholds according to an embodiment of this application. The aforementioned reaching the preset gear shift threshold can refer to the amplitude of the predicted signal exceeding the preset gear shift threshold. For example, in the above example, reaching the preset gear shift threshold can be when the predicted signal data(n)_predict is greater than +32767*0.95 or less than -32767*0.95, or it can be when the predicted signal data(n)_predict is greater than +32767*0.65*0.95 or less than -32767*0.65*0.95.

[0110] The second step is to determine whether the signal change reaches the preset gear switching threshold after the predicted signal reaches the preset threshold. Based on the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter, the signal change is obtained, and it is determined whether the signal change reaches the preset threshold. In this embodiment, the preset threshold can be pre-set. For example, the threshold can be set to 0. Even if the signal does not change, the signal change can be obtained from data(n-1)-data(n-2). In the example above, when data(n)_predict is greater than +32767*0.95, it is simultaneously determined whether data(n-1)-data(n-2) is greater than 0, or when data(n)_predict is less than -32767*0.95, it is simultaneously determined whether data(n-1)-data(n-2) is less than 0. When data(n)_predict is greater than +32767*0.65*0.95, simultaneously check whether data(n-1)-data(n-2) is less than 0. Or when data(n)_predict is less than -32767*0.65*0.95, simultaneously check whether data(n-1)-data(n-2) is greater than 0.

[0111] The third step is to determine whether to switch the gain level if the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter reach a preset threshold. In this embodiment, the gain level is switched when both of the above conditions are met simultaneously. In the example above, when data(n)_predict is greater than +32767*0.95 and data(n-1)-data(n-2)>0, or when data(n)_predict is less than -32767*0.95 and data(n-1)-data(n-2)<0, the system prepares to switch to amplifier 2, which is in a standby state and is currently in the 12.5V range. When data(n)_predict is greater than +32767*0.65*0.95 and data(n-1)-data(n-2)<0, or when data(n)_predict is less than -32767*0.65*0.95 and data(n-1)-data(n-2)>0, the system prepares to switch to amplifier 2, which is in a standby state and is currently operating at 6.25V.

[0112] By determining whether the predicted signal has reached the preset gear shift threshold, and if the predicted signal has reached the preset gear shift threshold, the signal change is obtained based on the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter. The signal change is then judged to determine whether it has reached the preset threshold, thereby more accurately determining whether to perform a gear shift and improving conversion accuracy.

[0113] Finally, once it is determined that a gain level switch is required, a switching command is generated based on the signal conditioning module to be switched.

[0114] In this embodiment, when it is determined that a gain level switch is to be performed, a switching command is generated based on the signal conditioning module to be switched.

[0115] In some embodiments, when it is determined that a gain level switch is to be performed, a switching command is generated based on the signal conditioning module to be switched, including the following steps:

[0116] The first step, upon determining that a gain level switch is required, is to generate a verification switch command based on the current gain level and the predicted gain level, and send this command to the verification module in the analog-to-digital conversion system. In this embodiment, for the ADC, performance deteriorates drastically when the signal exceeds its range. Considering that the predicted signal is obtained from historical conversion signals and is used to determine whether a gain level switch is necessary, a verification module is set up to avoid errors caused by noise in determining whether a gain level switch should be performed based on the predicted information. This verification module is used to further verify the correctness of the judgment when a gain level switch is determined. Based on the current gain level and the predicted gain level, it can be determined whether the gain level increases or decreases. Only if it decreases is a verification switch command generated and sent to the verification module for further verification.

[0117] The second step is to obtain the verification result sent by the verification module. In this embodiment, after receiving the verification switching instruction, the verification module responds to the instruction by switching SW_switch to the signal conditioning module to be switched according to the gear verification instruction, and then performs verification comparison to obtain the verification result, and sends it to the controller to obtain the verification result.

[0118] The third step is to generate a switching command based on the verification result and the signal conditioning module to be switched. In this embodiment, if the verification result is successful, a switching command is generated according to the signal conditioning module to be switched; otherwise, no switching command is generated.

[0119] By employing a verification module to further confirm the gain level switching when it is determined that a gain level switching is required, the robustness of the system is improved. This ensures the accuracy of the gain level switching and avoids a sharp deterioration in ADC performance when the signal exceeds the range, thereby improving the conversion accuracy.

[0120] Step 230: Send the switching command to the signal conditioning circuit in the analog-to-digital conversion system so that the signal conditioning circuit switches the signal conditioning module connected to the analog-to-digital converter in the analog-to-digital conversion system according to the switching command.

[0121] In this embodiment, a switching command is sent to the signal conditioning circuit. The signal conditioning circuit switches the signal conditioning module connected to the analog-to-digital converter in the analog-to-digital conversion system according to the switching command, so that the gain of the analog-to-digital conversion can be automatically adjusted according to the predicted gain level.

[0122] In the above implementation process, by acquiring the predicted gain level and the predicted signal, a switching command is generated based on the predicted gain level and the predicted signal. This switching command is sent to the signal conditioning circuit in the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) system. The signal conditioning circuit then switches the signal conditioning module connected to the ADC in the ADC system according to the switching command, adjusting the signal conditioning circuit gain based on the predicted value. This allows the ADC system to automatically adjust the ADC gain according to the predicted gain level, thereby better utilizing the ADC's dynamic range, reducing quantization noise, and improving the accuracy of the ADC conversion. Compared to traditional automatic gain control, the signal conditioning circuit of this application uses multiple signal conditioning modules. When one module is used as the working signal conditioning module, the others serve as backup conditioning modules. When gain switching is required, the working signal conditioning module is switched via a switching module. This shortens the switching time, allowing for rapid establishment of a high-precision conversion circuit without waiting, ensuring data availability during sampling and thus improving conversion accuracy. Unlike traditional automatic gain control, the entire system does not experience a period of unusable conversion results after gain switching.

[0123] In some embodiments, after determining the signal conditioning module to be switched, the method further includes: adjusting the level of the signal conditioning module to be switched based on the predicted gain level.

[0124] In this embodiment, after determining the signal conditioning module to be switched, the corresponding gain level of the signal conditioning module can be set first. For example, referring to Figure 2, amplifiers 1 and 2 can have their gains set to ±20V, ±12.5V, ±10V, ±6.25V, ±5V, and ±2.5V by adjusting Rf1 and Rf2. Amplifier 1 is being connected to the subsequent circuit; taking amplifier 1 operating at the ±10V level as an example, amplifier 2 is in a standby state. By adjusting Rf1 and Rf2 in amplifier 2, the gain level of amplifier 2 can be adjusted to the predicted gain level, thereby reducing the settling time.

[0125] In some embodiments, the method further includes the following steps: First, at the beginning of each sampling phase of analog-to-digital conversion, the output terminal of the control signal conditioning module is disconnected from the analog-to-digital converter, and one end of the pre-charge module in the control signal conditioning circuit is connected to the control signal conditioning module, and the other end is connected to the analog-to-digital converter; then, after a preset time, the output terminal of the control signal conditioning module is connected to the analog-to-digital converter, and the pre-charge module is disconnected from the analog-to-digital converter.

[0126] In this embodiment, the preset time can be set empirically, generally when the capacitor voltage in the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) reaches 95%. At the start of each sampling phase of the ADC, the output of the working signal conditioning module is disconnected from the ADC, and one end of the pre-charge module in the signal conditioning circuit is connected to the working signal conditioning module, while the other end is connected to the ADC. After the preset time, the output of the working signal conditioning module is connected to the ADC, and the pre-charge module is disconnected from the ADC. The pre-charge module charges the ADC at the start of sampling, and after a period of time, it is reconnected to the signal conditioning module. This reduces the disturbance of the ADC to the signal conditioning module and improves accuracy.

[0127] Figure 7 is a flowchart illustrating the gain adjustment method in this embodiment. It should be understood that although the steps in the flowchart of Figure 7 are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps; they can be executed in other orders. Furthermore, at least some of the steps in Figure 7 may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. These sub-steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least a portion of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0128] This embodiment provides an analog-to-digital converter chip, including an analog-to-digital converter core, a controller, and the aforementioned signal conditioning circuit. The controller is used to acquire the predicted gain level and the predicted signal, generate a switching command based on the predicted gain level and the predicted signal, and send the switching command to the signal conditioning circuit. The signal conditioning circuit is used to acquire the signal to be converted and adjust the signal to be converted according to the switching command to obtain an adjusted signal. The analog-to-digital converter core is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion on the adjusted signal to obtain the conversion result.

[0129] In some embodiments, the system further includes a verification module; the controller is configured to generate a verification switching instruction based on the predicted signal and the predicted gain level, and send the verification switching instruction to the verification module; it is also configured to generate a switching instruction based on the verification result and the predicted gain level, and send the switching instruction to the signal conditioning circuit; the verification module is configured to verify the level of the corresponding signal conditioning module in the signal conditioning circuit based on the verification switching instruction, obtain the verification result, and send the verification result to the controller.

[0130] In some embodiments, the verification module includes a switching switch, a first comparator, and a second comparator. The outputs of the first and second comparators are respectively connected to the inputs of the controller. The positive input of the first comparator is connected to one end of the switching switch, and the negative input of the second comparator is connected to one end of the switching switch. The other end of the switching switch is connected to the output of each signal conditioning module in the signal conditioning circuit. The switching switch is used to switch the signal conditioning module connected to the first and second comparators according to the verification switching command.

[0131] It should be noted that the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) core is the core component of the ADC, while the ADC itself is a more complete concept, including the ADC core and possibly other auxiliary circuits. Here, considering integration into a chip, only the core component is used. In the embodiment of the ADC chip, it is the same as the embodiment of the ADC system. The ADC in the ADC system is equivalent to the ADC core in the ADC chip. The difference is that the various modules in the ADC system are integrated into a single chip to obtain the ADC chip. Therefore, the ADC chip will not be described in detail here.

[0132] Please refer to Figure 8, which schematically illustrates the structure of a gain adjustment device according to an embodiment of this application. This embodiment provides a gain adjustment device for the aforementioned analog-to-digital conversion system. The gain adjustment device includes an acquisition module 410, an instruction module 420, and a transmission module 430, wherein: the acquisition module 410 is used to acquire a predicted gain level and a predicted signal; the instruction module 420 is used to generate a switching instruction based on the predicted gain level and the predicted signal; and the transmission module 430 is used to send the switching instruction to the signal conditioning circuit in the analog-to-digital conversion system, so that the signal conditioning circuit switches the signal conditioning module connected to the analog-to-digital converter in the analog-to-digital conversion system according to the switching instruction.

[0133] The acquisition module 410 includes: a first determining submodule, used to determine the signal change trend based on the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter; and a second determining submodule, used to determine the predicted gain level based on the signal change trend.

[0134] The acquisition module 410 includes a third determination submodule, used to determine the predicted signal according to a preset prediction model based on the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter. The prediction model is: data(n)_predict=data(n-1)+data(n-1)-data(n-2),

[0135] Where data(n)_predict is the prediction signal, data(n-1) is the result of the previous analog-to-digital converter conversion, and data(n-2) is the result of the analog-to-digital converter conversion two years ago.

[0136] The instruction module 420 includes: a fourth determining submodule, used to determine the signal conditioning module to be switched from multiple signal conditioning modules in the analog-to-digital conversion system according to the predicted gain level; a judging submodule, used to judge whether to switch the gain level according to the predicted signal; and an instruction generating submodule, used to generate a switching instruction according to the signal conditioning module to be switched when it is determined that a gain level switch is to be performed.

[0137] It also includes an adjustment module, used to adjust the level of the signal conditioning module to be switched based on the predicted gain level.

[0138] The judgment submodule includes a first judgment unit, which is used to determine whether to switch the gain level based on the historical conversion results and predicted signals of the analog-to-digital converter.

[0139] The first judgment unit includes: a threshold judgment subunit, used to judge whether the predicted signal has reached a preset level switching threshold; a threshold judgment subunit, used to determine whether the signal change has reached a preset threshold based on the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter when the predicted signal has reached the preset level switching threshold; and a determination subunit, used to determine whether gain level switching should be performed when the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter have reached the preset threshold.

[0140] The instruction generation submodule includes: a verification instruction unit, which generates a verification switching instruction based on the current gain level and the predicted gain level when a gain level switch is determined, and sends the verification switching instruction to the verification module in the analog-to-digital conversion system; an acquisition unit, which acquires the verification result sent by the verification module; and an instruction generation unit, which generates a switching instruction based on the verification result and the signal conditioning module to be switched.

[0141] It also includes: a first control module, used to control the output terminal of the working signal conditioning module to disconnect from the analog-to-digital converter at the beginning of each sampling phase of analog-to-digital conversion, and to control one end of the pre-charge module in the signal conditioning circuit to connect to the working signal conditioning module and the other end to the analog-to-digital converter; a second control module, used to control the output terminal of the working signal conditioning module to connect to the analog-to-digital converter after a preset time, and to control the pre-charge module to disconnect from the analog-to-digital converter.

[0142] The gain adjustment device includes a processor and a memory. The aforementioned acquisition module 410, instruction module 420, and transmission module 430 are all stored in the memory as program units. The processor executes the aforementioned program units stored in the memory to implement the corresponding functions.

[0143] The processor contains a core, which retrieves the corresponding program unit from memory. One or more cores can be configured. By adjusting the core parameters, a gain adjustment device can quickly establish a high-precision conversion circuit, ensuring data availability during sampling and thus improving conversion accuracy.

[0144] The memory may include non-permanent memory in computer-readable media, such as random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM, and the memory includes at least one memory chip.

[0145] This invention provides a machine-readable storage medium storing a program that, when executed by a processor, implements a gain adjustment method.

[0146] This invention provides a processor for running a program, wherein the program executes a gain adjustment method during runtime.

[0147] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, which may be a terminal, and its internal structure diagram may be as shown in Figure 9. The computer device includes a processor A01, a network interface A02, a display screen A04, an input device A05, and a memory (not shown) connected via a system bus. The processor A01 provides computing and control capabilities. The memory includes internal memory A03 and a non-volatile storage medium A06. The non-volatile storage medium A06 stores an operating system B01 and a computer program B02. The internal memory A03 provides an environment for the operation of the operating system B01 and the computer program B02 stored in the non-volatile storage medium A06. The network interface A02 is used for communication with an external terminal via a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor A01, it implements a gain adjustment method. The display screen A04 may be a liquid crystal display (LCD) or an e-ink display. The input device A05 may be a touch layer covering the display screen, or buttons, a trackball, or a touchpad mounted on the computer device casing, or an external keyboard, touchpad, or mouse, etc.

[0148] Those skilled in the art will understand that the structure shown in Figure 9 is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the present application and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the present application is applied. Specific computer devices may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or may combine certain components, or may have different component arrangements.

[0149] In one embodiment, the gain adjustment method apparatus provided in this application can be implemented as a computer program, which can run on a computer device as shown in FIG9. The memory of the computer device can store various program modules constituting the gain adjustment method apparatus, such as the acquisition module 410, instruction module 420, and transmission module 430 shown in FIG8. The computer program composed of the various program modules causes the processor to execute the steps of the gain adjustment methods in the various embodiments of this application described in this specification.

[0150] The computer device shown in Figure 9 can execute step 210 via the acquisition module 410 in the gain adjustment method apparatus shown in Figure 8. The computer device can execute step 220 via the instruction module 420. The computer device can execute step 230 via the transmission module 430.

[0151] This application provides an electronic device, comprising: at least one processor; and a memory connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the at least one processor implements the aforementioned gain adjustment method by executing the instructions stored in the memory. The method is used in the aforementioned analog-to-digital conversion system. When the processor executes the instructions, it performs the following steps: acquiring a predicted gain level and a predicted signal; generating a switching instruction based on the predicted gain level and the predicted signal; and sending the switching instruction to a signal conditioning circuit in the analog-to-digital conversion system, so that the signal conditioning circuit switches the signal conditioning module connected to the analog-to-digital converter in the analog-to-digital conversion system according to the switching instruction.

[0152] In one embodiment, obtaining the predicted gain level includes: determining the signal change trend based on the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter; and determining the predicted gain level based on the signal change trend.

[0153] In one embodiment, obtaining the prediction signal includes: determining the prediction signal according to a preset prediction model based on the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter, wherein the prediction model is: data(n)_predict=data(n-1)+data(n-1)-data(n-2),

[0154] Where data(n)_predict is the prediction signal, data(n-1) is the result of the previous analog-to-digital converter conversion, and data(n-2) is the result of the analog-to-digital converter conversion two years ago.

[0155] In one embodiment, generating a switching instruction based on a predicted gain level and a predicted signal includes: determining a signal conditioning module to be switched from a plurality of signal conditioning modules in an analog-to-digital conversion system based on the predicted gain level; determining whether a gain level switch is required based on the predicted signal; and generating a switching instruction based on the signal conditioning module to be switched if a gain level switch is required.

[0156] In one embodiment, after determining the signal conditioning module to be switched, the method further includes: adjusting the level of the signal conditioning module to be switched based on the predicted gain level.

[0157] In one embodiment, determining whether to switch gain levels based on the predicted signal includes: determining whether to switch gain levels based on the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter and the predicted signal.

[0158] In one embodiment, determining whether to perform gain level switching based on the historical conversion results and predicted signal of the analog-to-digital converter includes: determining whether the predicted signal has reached a preset level switching threshold; if the predicted signal has reached the preset level switching threshold, obtaining the signal change based on the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter, and determining whether the signal change has reached a preset threshold; if the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter have reached the preset threshold, determining that gain level switching should be performed.

[0159] In one embodiment, when it is determined that a gain level switch is to be performed, a switching instruction is generated according to the signal conditioning module to be switched, including: when it is determined that a gain level switch is to be performed, generating a verification switching instruction based on the current level and the predicted gain level, and sending the verification switching instruction to the verification module in the analog-to-digital conversion system; obtaining the verification result sent by the verification module; and generating a switching instruction based on the verification result and the signal conditioning module to be switched.

[0160] In one embodiment, the method further includes: at the beginning of each sampling phase of analog-to-digital conversion, controlling the output terminal of the working signal conditioning module to disconnect from the analog-to-digital converter, and controlling one end of the pre-charge module in the signal conditioning circuit to connect to the working signal conditioning module and the other end to the analog-to-digital converter; after a preset time, controlling the output terminal of the working signal conditioning module to connect to the analog-to-digital converter, and controlling the pre-charge module to disconnect from the analog-to-digital converter.

[0161] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0162] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in one or more flowchart illustrations and / or one or more block diagrams.

[0163] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means that implement the functions specified in one or more flowcharts and / or one or more block diagrams.

[0164] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process, such that the instructions, which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus, provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more flowcharts and / or one or more block diagrams.

[0165] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0166] Memory may include non-persistent memory in computer-readable media, such as random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. Memory is an example of computer-readable media.

[0167] Computer-readable media includes both permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can store information using any method or technology. Information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, modules of programs, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase-change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile optical disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transferable medium that can be used to store information accessible by a computing device. As defined herein, computer-readable media does not include transient computer-readable media, such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0168] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0169] The above are merely embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A signal conditioning circuit, wherein, include: The system includes a switching module and multiple signal conditioning modules, with each signal conditioning module connected to the switching module. The switching module is used to switch the signal conditioning module connected to the analog-to-digital converter in the analog-to-digital conversion system according to the switching command, so that in each analog-to-digital conversion, there is one and only one signal conditioning module as the working signal conditioning module connected to the analog-to-digital converter. The switching command is generated based on the predicted gain level and the predicted signal. The predicted signal is used to determine whether to switch the level, and the predicted gain level is used to determine which level to switch to. The signal conditioning module is used to acquire the signal to be converted, adjust the signal to be converted to obtain an adjusted signal, and input the adjusted signal to the analog-to-digital converter for analog-to-digital conversion.

2. The signal conditioning circuit according to claim 1, wherein, The switching module includes multiple sets of switches, each set of switches corresponding to a signal conditioning module. One end of each switch is connected to the output of the signal conditioning module, and the other end is connected to the input of the analog-to-digital converter. Each set of switches is used to open or close according to a switching command to switch the signal conditioning module connected to the analog-to-digital converter.

3. The signal conditioning circuit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The signal conditioning module includes a multi-stage amplifier circuit unit, with each stage of the amplifier circuit unit cascaded together, and at least one stage of the amplifier circuit unit employs gain enhancement technology.

4. The signal conditioning circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, It also includes a pre-charging module, the input of which is connected to the output of each signal conditioning module, and the output of which is connected to the analog-to-digital converter. The pre-charging module is used to pre-charge the analog-to-digital converter during the sampling stage of each analog-to-digital conversion.

5. The signal conditioning circuit according to claim 4, wherein, The pre-charge module includes a pre-charge amplifier, a first pre-charge switch, and a second pre-charge switch. The input terminal of the pre-charge amplifier is connected to the output terminal of the working signal conditioning module, and the output terminal of the pre-charge amplifier is connected to the input terminal of the analog-to-digital converter. One end of the first pre-charge switch is connected to the input terminal of the pre-charge amplifier, and the other end is connected to the output terminal of the pre-charge amplifier. One end of the second pre-charge switch is connected to the output terminal of the pre-charge amplifier, and the other end is connected to the input terminal of the analog-to-digital converter.

6. An analog-to-digital conversion system, wherein, Includes an analog-to-digital converter, a controller, and the signal conditioning circuit according to any one of claims 1-5; The controller is used to acquire the predicted gain level and the predicted signal, generate a switching command based on the predicted gain level and the predicted signal, and send the switching command to the signal conditioning circuit. The signal conditioning circuit is used to acquire the signal to be converted and adjust the signal to be converted according to the switching command to obtain an adjusted signal; The analog-to-digital converter is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion on the adjustment signal to obtain the conversion result.

7. The analog-to-digital conversion system according to claim 6, wherein, It also includes a verification module; The controller is configured to generate a verification switching instruction based on the predicted signal and the predicted gain level, and send the verification switching instruction to the verification module; it is also configured to generate a switching instruction based on the verification result and the predicted gain level, and send the switching instruction to the signal conditioning circuit. The verification module is used to verify the gear of the corresponding signal conditioning module in the signal conditioning circuit according to the verification switching instruction, obtain the verification result, and send the verification result to the controller.

8. The analog-to-digital conversion system according to claim 7, wherein, The verification module includes a switching switch, a first comparator, and a second comparator. The outputs of the first and second comparators are respectively connected to the inputs of the controller. The positive input of the first comparator is connected to one end of the switching switch, and the negative input of the second comparator is connected to one end of the switching switch. The negative input of the first comparator is connected to a first reference voltage, and the positive input of the second comparator is connected to a second reference voltage. The other end of the switching switch is connected to the output of each signal conditioning module in the signal conditioning circuit. The switching switch is used to switch the signal conditioning module connected to the first and second comparators according to the verification switching command.

9. A gain adjustment method, wherein, For the analog-to-digital conversion system according to any one of claims 6-8, the gain adjustment method comprises: Obtain the prediction gain level and the prediction signal; Based on the predicted gain level and the predicted signal, a switching command is generated; The switching command is sent to the signal conditioning circuit in the analog-to-digital conversion system, so that the signal conditioning circuit switches the signal conditioning module connected to the analog-to-digital converter in the analog-to-digital conversion system according to the switching command.

10. The gain adjustment method according to claim 9, wherein, The process of obtaining the predicted gain level includes: Based on the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter, the signal change trend is determined; Based on the signal change trend, the predicted gain level is determined.

11. The gain adjustment method according to claim 9 or 10, wherein, Obtaining the prediction signal includes: Based on the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter, the predicted signal is determined according to a preset prediction model, which is: data(n)_predict=data(n-1)+data(n-1)-data(n-2), Where data(n)_predict is the prediction signal, data(n-1) is the result of the previous analog-to-digital converter conversion, and data(n-2) is the result of the analog-to-digital converter conversion two years ago.

12. The gain adjustment method according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein, The step of generating a switching command based on the predicted gain level and the predicted signal includes: Based on the predicted gain level, the signal conditioning module to be switched is determined from multiple signal conditioning modules in the analog-to-digital conversion system; Based on the predicted signal, determine whether to switch the gain level; When it is determined that a gain level switch is to be performed, a switching command is generated according to the signal conditioning module to be switched.

13. The gain adjustment method according to claim 12, wherein, After identifying the signal conditioning module to be switched, the following steps are also included: Based on the predicted gain level, adjust the level of the signal conditioning module to be switched.

14. The gain adjustment method according to claim 12, wherein, The step of determining whether to switch gain levels based on the predicted signal includes: Based on the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter and the predicted signal, it is determined whether to switch the gain level.

15. The gain adjustment method according to claim 14, wherein, The determination of whether to switch gain levels based on the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter and the predicted signal includes: Determine whether the predicted signal has reached the preset gear switching threshold; If the predicted signal reaches a preset gear switching threshold, the signal change is obtained based on the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter, and it is determined whether the signal change reaches a preset threshold. If the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter reach a preset threshold, it is determined that a gain level switch should be performed.

16. The gain adjustment method according to claim 12, wherein, When it is determined that a gain level switch is to be performed, the step of generating a switching command based on the signal conditioning module to be switched includes: When it is determined that a gain level switch is to be performed, a verification switch command is generated based on the current gain level and the predicted gain level, and the verification switch command is sent to the verification module in the analog-to-digital conversion system. Obtain the verification result sent by the verification module; Based on the verification result and the signal conditioning module to be switched, a switching command is generated.

17. The gain adjustment method according to any one of claims 9 to 16, wherein, Also includes: At the start of each analog-to-digital conversion sampling phase, the output of the working signal conditioning module is disconnected from the analog-to-digital converter, and one end of the pre-charge module in the signal conditioning circuit is connected to the working signal conditioning module, while the other end is connected to the analog-to-digital converter. After a preset time, the output terminal of the working signal conditioning module is connected to the analog-to-digital converter, and the pre-charge module is disconnected from the analog-to-digital converter.

18. A gain adjustment device, wherein, For the analog-to-digital conversion system according to any one of claims 6-8, the gain adjustment device comprises: The acquisition module is used to acquire the prediction gain level and the prediction signal; The instruction module is used to generate a switching instruction based on the predicted gain level and the predicted signal; The sending module is used to send the switching command to the signal conditioning circuit in the analog-to-digital conversion system, so that the signal conditioning circuit switches the signal conditioning module connected to the analog-to-digital converter in the analog-to-digital conversion system according to the switching command.

19. The gain adjustment device according to claim 18, wherein, The acquisition module includes: The first determining submodule is used to determine the trend of signal change based on the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter; The second determining submodule is used to determine the predicted gain level based on the signal change trend.

20. The gain adjustment device according to claim 18 or 19, wherein, The acquisition module includes: The third determining submodule is used to determine the predicted signal based on the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter and a preset prediction model. The prediction model is as follows: data(n)_predict=data(n-1)+data(n-1)-data(n-2), Where data(n)_predict is the prediction signal, data(n-1) is the result of the previous analog-to-digital converter conversion, and data(n-2) is the result of the analog-to-digital converter conversion two years ago.

21. The gain adjustment device according to any one of claims 18 to 20, wherein, The instruction module includes: The fourth determining submodule is used to determine the signal conditioning module to be switched from multiple signal conditioning modules in the analog-to-digital conversion system based on the predicted gain level. The judgment submodule is used to determine whether to switch the gain level based on the predicted signal; The instruction generation submodule is used to generate a switching instruction based on the signal conditioning module to be switched when it is determined that a gain level switch is to be performed.

22. The gain adjustment device according to claim 21, wherein, Also includes: An adjustment module is used to adjust the level of the signal conditioning module to be switched based on the predicted gain level.

23. The gain adjustment device according to claim 21, wherein, The judgment submodule includes: The first judgment unit is used to determine whether to switch the gain level based on the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter and the predicted signal.

24. The gain adjustment device according to claim 23, wherein, The first determination unit includes: A threshold judgment subunit is used to determine whether the predicted signal has reached a preset gear switching threshold; The threshold judgment subunit is used to determine whether the signal change reaches the preset threshold when the predicted signal reaches the preset gear switching threshold, based on the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter. The determination subunit is used to determine whether to switch the gain level when the historical conversion results of the analog-to-digital converter reach a preset threshold.

25. The gain adjustment device according to claim 21, wherein, The instruction generation submodule includes: The verification instruction unit is used to generate a verification switching instruction based on the current gain level and the predicted gain level when it is determined that a gain level switch is to be performed, and to send the verification switching instruction to the verification module in the analog-to-digital conversion system. The acquisition unit is used to acquire the verification result sent by the verification module; The instruction generation unit is used to generate a switching instruction based on the verification result and the signal conditioning module to be switched.

26. The gain adjustment device according to claim 18, wherein, Also includes: The first control module is used to control the output terminal of the working signal conditioning module to disconnect from the analog-to-digital converter at the beginning of each sampling phase of analog-to-digital conversion, and to control one end of the pre-charge module in the signal conditioning circuit to be connected to the working signal conditioning module and the other end to the analog-to-digital converter. The second control module is used to control the output terminal of the working signal conditioning module to connect to the analog-to-digital converter after a preset time, and to control the pre-charge module to disconnect from the analog-to-digital converter.

27. An analog-to-digital converter chip, wherein, Includes an analog-to-digital converter core, a controller, and the signal conditioning circuitry according to any one of claims 1-5; The controller is used to acquire the predicted gain level and the predicted signal, generate a switching command based on the predicted gain level and the predicted signal, and send the switching command to the signal conditioning circuit. The signal conditioning circuit is used to acquire the signal to be converted and adjust the signal to be converted according to the switching command to obtain an adjusted signal; The analog-to-digital converter core is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion on the adjustment signal to obtain the conversion result.

28. The analog-to-digital converter chip according to claim 27, wherein, It also includes a verification module; The controller is configured to generate a verification switching instruction based on the predicted signal and the predicted gain level, and send the verification switching instruction to the verification module; it is also configured to generate a switching instruction based on the verification result and the predicted gain level, and send the switching instruction to the signal conditioning circuit. The verification module is used to verify the gear of the corresponding signal conditioning module in the signal conditioning circuit according to the verification switching instruction, obtain the verification result, and send the verification result to the controller.

29. The analog-to-digital converter chip according to claim 28, wherein, The verification module includes a switching switch, a first comparator, and a second comparator. The output terminals of the first comparator and the second comparator are respectively connected to the input terminals of the controller. The positive input terminal of the first comparator is connected to one end of the switching switch, and the negative input terminal of the second comparator is connected to one end of the switching switch. The other end of the switching switch is connected to the output terminals of each signal conditioning module in the signal conditioning circuit. The switching switch is used to switch the signal conditioning module connected to the first comparator and the second comparator according to the verification switching command.

30. An electronic device, wherein, The electronic device includes: At least one processor; A memory connected to the at least one processor; The memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, which implements the gain adjustment method according to any one of claims 9 to 17 by executing the instructions stored in the memory.

31. A machine-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon, wherein, When executed by a processor, this instruction causes the processor to be configured to perform the gain adjustment method according to any one of claims 9 to 17.

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