Adaptive sliding directional drilling data processing method and device
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-23
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-13
Smart Images
Figure CN2025144715_13082026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
An adaptive sliding directional drilling data processing method and apparatus
[0001] Related applications
[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202510132296.0, filed on February 6, 2025, and incorporates the entire contents of the aforementioned patent application as part of this application. Technical Field
[0003] This disclosure pertains to the field of oil drilling technology, and particularly relates to an adaptive sliding directional drilling data processing method and apparatus. Background Technology
[0004] Currently, due to the varying geological environments of horizontal wells, differences in wellbore friction, drilling fluid properties, and drilling parameters, the difficulty of controlling the sliding directional drilling tool face varies significantly among different wells. Furthermore, since the directional drilling process requires on-site engineers to monitor the operation and make pressure judgments and parameter adjustments based on on-site operating parameters using manual experience, the parameter adjustment process is extremely time-consuming, resulting in low efficiency in the sliding directional drilling process.
[0005] There is currently no effective solution to the above problems. Summary of the Invention
[0006] This disclosure provides an adaptive sliding directional drilling data processing method and apparatus. Based on the differences between multiple historical tool faces, the riser pressure corresponding to the historical tool faces, and the standpipe pressure during free rotation off the bottom, it realizes automatic identification of the pressure state during the sliding directional drilling process. When it is identified that the sliding directional drilling process is in a state of no pressure, the first control parameter can be adjusted in real time according to the difference between the current tool face and the target tool face, the rotation direction and rotation speed of the current tool face. This avoids the time-consuming problem caused by manual pressure judgment and parameter adjustment, and improves the efficiency of sliding directional drilling.
[0007] This disclosure provides an adaptive sliding directional drilling data processing method, including:
[0008] Based on the first control parameter, the drill string torsion system is controlled to perform sliding directional drilling in the target area;
[0009] Obtain the target tool face that meets the preset wellbore trajectory control requirements, as well as multiple historical tool faces and the current tool face corresponding to the sliding directional drilling process;
[0010] Based on the differences between multiple historical tool faces, the riser pressure corresponding to the historical tool faces, and the standpipe pressure during free spin from the bottom, determine whether the sliding directional drilling process is in a state of no pressure support.
[0011] Determine the difference between the current tool face and the target tool face when the sliding directional drilling process is in an unloaded state;
[0012] Based on the difference, the current rotation direction of the tool face, and the rotation speed of the current tool face angle, the first control parameter is adjusted to obtain the adjusted first control parameter;
[0013] Based on the adjusted first control parameters, the drill string torsion system is controlled to continue sliding directional drilling towards the target area.
[0014] In one embodiment, determining whether the sliding directional drilling process is in a non-pressured state based on the differences between multiple historical tool faces, the riser pressure corresponding to the historical tool faces, and the standpipe pressure during free spin from the bottom includes:
[0015] Based on multiple historical toolfaces and the current toolface, construct a toolface queue containing a preset number of toolfaces;
[0016] When the preset number of tool faces in the tool face queue meets the preset number requirement, the tool face in the sliding directional drilling process is judged to be in a stable state by comparing the difference between two adjacent tool faces in the tool face queue with a preset fixed value.
[0017] If the tool face is in a stable state during the sliding directional drilling process, the difference between multiple historical tool faces, the riser pressure corresponding to the historical tool face, and the standpipe pressure during free spin from the bottom are used to determine whether the sliding directional drilling process is in a state of no pressure support.
[0018] In one embodiment, the first control parameters include a positive torque and a reverse torque determined based on the freewheeling torque and the well inclination angle.
[0019] In one embodiment, the method further includes:
[0020] Obtain drilling parameters for the target area; these parameters include, but are not limited to, drill bit speed, top drive speed, circulation displacement, and duration.
[0021] Based on drilling parameters and preset judgment rules, the freewheeling state is identified. When the freewheeling state is identified, the torque and riser pressure corresponding to the freewheeling state are obtained. The torque corresponding to the freewheeling state is determined as the freewheeling torque, and the riser pressure corresponding to the freewheeling state is determined as the freewheeling riser pressure.
[0022] In one embodiment, determining the difference between the current tool face and the target tool face includes:
[0023] Obtain the top drive torque curve and speed curve of the drill string torsion swing system, and perform pattern matching on the top drive torque curve and speed curve of the drill string torsion swing system to obtain the corresponding pattern matching results.
[0024] Based on the pattern matching results, determine whether there are any abnormalities in the working state of the drill string torsion system;
[0025] If it is determined that there are no abnormalities in the working state of the drill string torsion system, the difference between the current tool face and the target tool face is determined.
[0026] In one embodiment, determining whether the sliding directional drilling process is in a non-pressured state based on the differences between multiple historical tool faces, the riser pressure corresponding to the historical tool faces, and the standpipe pressure during free spin from the bottom includes:
[0027] The difference between multiple historical tool faces is determined as the first difference;
[0028] The difference between the average riser pressure corresponding to the historical tool face and the riser pressure during idling from the bottom is determined as the second difference.
[0029] Based on the relationship between the first difference and the first preset threshold, and the relationship between the second difference and the second preset threshold, it is determined whether the sliding directional drilling process is in an unsupported state.
[0030] In one embodiment, the first control parameter is adjusted based on the difference, the current rotation direction of the tool face, and the rotation speed of the current tool face angle to obtain the adjusted first control parameter, including:
[0031] Based on the difference, the current rotation direction of the tool face, and the rotation speed of the current tool face angle, determine the parameter adjustment strategy for the drill string torsion system;
[0032] Based on the parameter adjustment strategy, the first control parameter is adjusted to obtain the adjusted first control parameter.
[0033] This disclosure provides an adaptive sliding directional drilling data processing apparatus, comprising:
[0034] The system triggering module is used to control the drill string torsion system to perform sliding directional drilling in the target area according to the first control parameters;
[0035] The tool face acquisition module is used to acquire the target tool face that meets the preset wellbore trajectory control requirements, as well as multiple historical tool faces and the current tool face corresponding to the sliding directional drilling process;
[0036] The pressure judgment module is used to determine whether the sliding directional drilling process is in an unpressured state based on the difference between multiple historical tool faces, the riser pressure corresponding to the historical tool face, and the standpipe pressure when spinning off the bottom.
[0037] The difference determination module is used to determine the difference between the current tool face and the target tool face when the sliding directional drilling process is in an unsupported state.
[0038] The parameter determination module is used to adjust the first control parameter based on the difference, the rotation direction of the current tool face, and the rotation speed of the current tool face angle, so as to obtain the adjusted first control parameter.
[0039] The directional drilling module is used to control the drill string torsion system to continue sliding directional drilling towards the target area based on the adjusted first control parameters.
[0040] This disclosure also provides an electronic device, including a processor and a memory for storing processor-executable instructions, wherein the processor, when executing the instructions, implements an adaptive sliding directional drilling data processing method.
[0041] This disclosure also provides a computer-readable storage medium having computer instructions stored thereon, which, when executed, implement an adaptive sliding directional drilling data processing method.
[0042] Based on the adaptive sliding directional drilling data processing method provided in this disclosure, the drill string torsion system is controlled to perform sliding directional drilling in the target area according to the first control parameter; the target tool face that meets the preset wellbore trajectory control requirements, as well as multiple historical tool faces and the current tool face corresponding to the sliding directional drilling process, are acquired; based on the difference between multiple historical tool faces, the riser pressure corresponding to the historical tool face, and the standpipe pressure during bottom-out idling, it is determined whether the sliding directional drilling process is in a pressure-free state; if it is determined that the sliding directional drilling process is in a pressure-free state, the difference between the current tool face and the target tool face is determined; based on the difference, the rotation direction of the current tool face, and the rotation speed of the current tool face angle, the first control parameter is adjusted to obtain the adjusted first control parameter; based on the adjusted first control parameter, the drill string torsion system is controlled to continue sliding directional drilling in the target area. In this way, firstly, the pressure state during sliding directional drilling is automatically identified based on the differences between multiple historical tool faces, the riser pressure corresponding to the historical tool faces, and the standpipe pressure during free rotation. Secondly, when it is identified that the sliding directional drilling process is in a state of no pressure, the first control parameter can be adjusted in real time based on the difference between the current tool face and the target tool face, the rotation direction and rotation speed of the current tool face. This avoids the time-consuming problem caused by manual pressure judgment and parameter adjustment, and improves the efficiency of sliding directional drilling. Attached Figure Description
[0043] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. The drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0044] Figure 1 is a flowchart illustrating an adaptive sliding directional drilling data processing method according to an embodiment of this disclosure;
[0045] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0046] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of an adaptive sliding directional drilling data processing device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0047] Figure 4 is a schematic flowchart of an adaptive sliding directional drilling data processing method provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0048] Figure 5 is a mind map of a tool for making a judgment before entering the queue, provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;
[0049] Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating the actual control effect provided by an embodiment of this disclosure;
[0050] Figure 7 is a diagram illustrating another practical control effect provided by an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation
[0051] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this disclosure, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this disclosure, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this disclosure.
[0052] Sliding drilling technology, based on downhole power drill strings and measurement-while-drilling systems with curved outer shells, boasts advantages such as mature and reliable technology and low cost, and remains the preferred method for directional and horizontal well drilling both domestically and internationally. However, with the large-scale development of unconventional oil and gas and complex deep oil and gas resources, the geological and engineering conditions for horizontal well drilling are becoming increasingly complex, and the length of horizontal sections is constantly increasing. This leads to high frictional resistance and a tendency for pressure buildup during sliding drilling, resulting in low drilling efficiency and significant operational risks. To address these challenges, domestic and international researchers have developed surface drill string torsion sliding drilling systems, such as Slider and PIPE ROCK, which, combined with downhole hydraulic oscillators and other resistance-reducing and speed-increasing tools, have achieved significant application results in long-water sliding drilling, including improved sliding directional efficiency of 30%–160% and horizontal section extension exceeding 3000m.
[0053] Due to variations in geological environments, wellbore friction, drilling fluid properties, and drilling parameters, the difficulty of controlling the sliding directional drilling toolface varies significantly between different wells. Therefore, sliding directional drilling is an extremely time-consuming and labor-intensive process. Torque-driven sliding drilling, in particular, places higher demands on the skills, experience, patience, and responsibility of the operators. Typically, relevant engineering technicians need specialized training and to accumulate experience by tracking operations in several wells. However, despite completing the necessary training, analysis of field operation data shows that the efficiency of directional drilling can still vary by 30% to 50% among different engineers. Furthermore, because the directional drilling process requires on-site engineers to monitor the operation and adjust operating parameters in real time based on changes in directional drilling rate and toolface, this process consumes nearly two-thirds of the on-site directional drilling engineer's working time. Therefore, automating the directional control process is of great significance for improving the efficiency of sliding directional drilling, reducing the labor intensity of on-site engineers, and achieving cost reduction through manpower reduction.
[0054] To address the root cause of the aforementioned problems, this disclosure proposes the following: First, by using the differences between multiple historical tool faces, the corresponding riser pressure of the historical tool faces, and the standpipe pressure during free-spinning off the bottom, the automatic identification of the pressure-supporting state during the sliding directional drilling process is achieved. Second, when it is identified that the sliding directional drilling process is in a state of no pressure support, the first control parameter can be adjusted in real time based on the difference between the current tool face and the target tool face, the rotation direction of the current tool face, and the rotation speed. This avoids the time-consuming problem caused by manually judging pressure support and adjusting parameters, thereby improving the efficiency of sliding directional drilling.
[0055] Referring to Figure 1, this disclosure provides an adaptive sliding directional drilling data processing method, which is specifically applied to the server side. In specific implementation, the method may include the following:
[0056] S101: Based on the first control parameter, control the drill string torsion system to perform sliding directional drilling in the target area;
[0057] S102: Obtain the target tool face that meets the preset wellbore trajectory control requirements, as well as multiple historical tool faces and the current tool face corresponding to the sliding directional drilling process;
[0058] S103: Based on the differences between multiple historical tool faces, the riser pressure corresponding to the historical tool face, and the standpipe pressure during free spin from the bottom, determine whether the sliding directional drilling process is in a state of no pressure support.
[0059] S104: Determine the difference between the current tool face and the target tool face when it is determined that the sliding directional drilling process is in an unsupported state;
[0060] S105: Based on the difference, the current rotation direction of the tool face, and the rotation speed of the current tool face angle, adjust the first control parameter to obtain the adjusted first control parameter;
[0061] S106: Based on the adjusted first control parameters, control the drill string torsion system to continue sliding directional drilling towards the target area.
[0062] The aforementioned drill string torsion system can be a technical system used to control or mitigate drill string torsion during the drilling process.
[0063] The aforementioned preset wellbore trajectory can refer to the spatial path that the drill bit takes from the wellhead to the target formation during the drilling process.
[0064] The aforementioned tool face can refer to the azimuth or orientation face of the drill bit (or directional drilling tool) in a certain direction. In directional sliding drilling operations, the drilling direction can be controlled by adjusting the tool face, thereby achieving the directional or horizontal drilling objective.
[0065] The difference between the tool faces mentioned above can be the angle difference between the tool faces; the standpipe pressure mentioned above can refer to the standpipe pressure measured when the drill bit is lifted off the bottom of the well and there is no drilling pressure.
[0066] The aforementioned unloaded state refers to the state during sliding directional drilling when the drill bit experiences almost no axial load at the bottom of the well, or the applied load is so small that it cannot significantly push the drill bit to cut the formation. Determining that the sliding directional drilling process is in an unloaded state helps to achieve more precise operation. Conversely, the loaded state refers to the state during sliding directional drilling when an axial load is applied to the drill bit through the drill pipe, causing the drill bit to make close contact with the bottom of the well and generating sufficient drilling pressure.
[0067] The rotational speed of the tool face angle mentioned above refers to the rate at which the tool face angle changes with time in sliding directional drilling, usually expressed as angular velocity. It can be used to reflect the sensitivity and response speed of tool face adjustment, and determine the efficiency of drill bit orientation changes.
[0068] The aforementioned first control parameter can refer to the control parameters of the drill string torsion system after initialization, including but not limited to forward torque, reverse torque, forward speed, reverse speed, forward holding time, reverse holding time, start, stop, etc.
[0069] In some embodiments, the determination of whether the sliding directional drilling process is in a non-pressure-supported state is based on the differences between multiple historical tool faces, the riser pressure corresponding to the historical tool faces, and the riser pressure during free spin. Specifically, this may include:
[0070] Calculate the difference between multiple historical tool faces. For example, if the difference is not greater than a preset fixed value (e.g., 3°) within a preset fixed time period (e.g., 8-15 minutes), then based on the average value of the riser pressure of the historical tool faces within the preset time range, if the difference between the average value and the riser pressure at the bottom is not greater than a preset fixed value (e.g., 100-300 kPa), then it is determined that the sliding directional drilling process is in a pressure-supporting state; otherwise, it is determined to be in a non-pressure-supporting state.
[0071] In some embodiments, when the sliding directional drilling process is under a supporting pressure state, the specific implementation may include:
[0072] S1: According to the preset pressure release procedure, the pressure state is released, and it is determined whether the sliding directional drilling process is still in the pressure state;
[0073] S2: If the sliding directional drilling process is still in the pressure state, determine whether the duration of the pressure state exceeds the preset time according to the preset time.
[0074] S3: If the duration of the pressure state exceeds the preset time, issue a warning message to relevant personnel and take manual intervention measures based on the warning message.
[0075] Specifically, the aforementioned preset pressure release procedure includes adjusting the limit range of the control parameters for drill string torsion. Further adjustments include increasing the forward torque value of the drill string torsion (e.g., 6000 N·m), decreasing the reverse torque value (e.g., -1000 N·m), increasing the forward rotation speed (+10 rpm), decreasing the reverse torque (e.g., -8 rpm), increasing the forward holding time (e.g., +5 s), and decreasing the reverse holding time (-3 s). After the process parameters are issued, the time is recorded. If the pressure remains within 5–8 minutes, the operator is prompted to determine and perform the pressure release operation.
[0076] In this way, by dynamically adjusting the control parameters of drill string sway (such as forward torque, reverse torque, rotational speed, and holding time) through a preset pressure release procedure, the dynamic response of the drill string can be effectively optimized, the sway amplitude reduced, and the stability and efficiency of the drilling process improved. At the same time, it not only improves the level of automation but also takes into account the accuracy of human judgment, thereby reducing non-productive time, reducing equipment wear and operational risks, and realizing the intelligentization and safety improvement of the drilling process.
[0077] In some embodiments, the first control parameter is adjusted based on the difference, the current rotation direction of the tool face, and the rotation speed of the current tool face angle to obtain the adjusted first control parameter. Specifically, this may include:
[0078] When the current tool face rotates in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction, the difference between the current tool face and the target tool face, as well as the rotation speed of the current tool face angle, is divided into a preset number of levels (e.g., four levels). Specifically, for example, the first level is 0-15°, the second level is 16-30°, the third level is 31-90°, and the fourth level is 91-180°.
[0079] The first control parameter is adjusted in stages according to a preset number of levels to obtain the adjusted first control parameter. Specifically, the staged adjustment of the first control parameter includes, for example, modifying key parameters such as forward and reverse torque, speed, or holding time.
[0080] Based on the above embodiments, firstly, the pressure-supporting state of the sliding directional drilling process is automatically identified by the differences between multiple historical tool faces, the riser pressure corresponding to the historical tool faces, and the standpipe pressure during free rotation. Secondly, when it is identified that the sliding directional drilling process is in a state of no pressure support, the first control parameter can be adjusted in real time according to the difference between the current tool face and the target tool face, the rotation direction and rotation speed of the current tool face. This avoids the time-consuming problem caused by manually judging pressure support and adjusting parameters, and improves the efficiency of sliding directional drilling.
[0081] In some embodiments, the method determines whether the sliding directional drilling process is in a non-pressure-supported state based on the differences between multiple historical tool faces, the riser pressure corresponding to the historical tool faces, and the riser pressure during free spin. In specific implementations, the method may also include the following:
[0082] S1: Based on multiple historical toolfaces and the current toolface, construct a toolface queue containing a preset number of toolfaces;
[0083] S2: When the preset number of tool faces in the tool face queue meets the preset number requirement, determine whether the tool face is in a stable state during the sliding directional drilling process by comparing the difference between two adjacent tool faces in the tool face queue with a preset fixed value.
[0084] S3: If the tool face is in a stable state during the sliding directional drilling process, determine whether the sliding directional drilling process is in a non-pressure state based on the differences between multiple historical tool faces, the riser pressure corresponding to the historical tool face, and the standpipe pressure when spinning freely off the bottom.
[0085] In some embodiments, a toolface queue containing a preset number of toolfaces is constructed based on multiple historical toolfaces and the current toolface. When the preset number of toolfaces in the toolface queue meets a preset requirement, it is determined whether the toolface is in a stable state during the sliding directional drilling process by comparing the difference between two adjacent toolfaces in the toolface queue with a preset fixed value. Specifically, this may include:
[0086] The system continuously collects multiple historical tool faces and the current tool face sent by the downhole measurement-while-drilling tool, and enters them in a queue. It constructs a tool face queue containing preset data tool faces. For example, the number of tool face queues is recorded as TF_count, and the tool face time interval is limited to a fixed value TF_timeLimit.
[0087] Specifically, when a new toolface enters the toolface queue, the difference between two adjacent toolfaces in the queue is compared with a preset fixed value. Toolfaces with a time difference of not less than TF_timeLimit are removed from the toolface queue. If the number of toolfaces in the toolface queue is less than TF_count, the new toolface is added directly to the queue. If the number of toolfaces in the queue is equal to TF_count, the oldest toolface in the queue is removed first, and then the new toolface is added to the queue.
[0088] Furthermore, the toolfaces in the toolface queue are numbered TF0, TF1, TF2, TF3, and TFFi in chronological order from closest to furthest. When the number of toolfaces in the toolface queue is not less than a preset number (e.g., 4), a toolface stability judgment is performed: First, the differences between adjacent toolfaces are calculated: DT1 = TF0 - TF1, DT2 = TF1 - TF2, and DT3 = TF2 - TF3. Then, it is determined whether the absolute values of DT1, DT2, and DT3 are all less than the set value. If the absolute values are all less than the set value, the toolface is determined to be in a stable state; otherwise, it is determined to be in an unstable state.
[0089] Based on the above embodiments, by constructing a toolface queue and dynamically maintaining its quantity and time range, and combining the comparison of differences between adjacent toolfaces, valid data can be filtered in real time and the stability of the toolface can be determined. This method improves the accuracy and real-time performance of toolface change analysis, avoids interference from invalid data, and ensures the efficiency of queue updates, providing a reliable basis for precise control of drilling tools and wellbore trajectory optimization.
[0090] In some embodiments, the method may further include the following: the first control parameters include the positive torque and the reverse torque determined based on the freewheeling torque and the well inclination angle.
[0091] Specifically, if the freewheeling torque Tor_undrill is less than or equal to a certain value (e.g., 6000 N·m), then the empirical formula is used (reverse torque = -well inclination angle / 150 * freewheeling torque; forward torque = +well inclination angle / 120 * freewheeling torque); if the freewheeling torque Tor_undrill is greater than or equal to a certain value (e.g., 6000 N·m), then the forward and reverse torques are directly set to empirical values (-3500 N·m, +4500 N·m); if the freewheeling torque Tor_undrill is not set, or the calculated forward and reverse torque values are abnormal, then the forward and reverse torques are directly set to (-2500 N·m, +4000 N·m).
[0092] In some embodiments, the method may further include the following:
[0093] S1: Obtain drilling parameters for the target area; where drilling parameters include, but are not limited to, drill bit speed, top drive speed, circulation displacement, and duration;
[0094] S2: Based on drilling parameters and preset judgment rules, identify the bottom-free spin state, and when the bottom-free spin state is identified, obtain the torque and riser pressure corresponding to the bottom-free spin state, and determine the torque corresponding to the bottom-free spin state as the bottom-free spin torque, and determine the riser pressure corresponding to the bottom-free spin state as the bottom-free spin riser pressure.
[0095] The above-mentioned undulating state refers to the rotational torque when the drill bit is not in contact with the bottom of the well and is not moving up or down during circulation. For example, the judgment conditions include: drill bit speed ≤ 0.2 m / h, top drive speed ≥ 5 rpm, circulation displacement ≥ 10 L / s, and duration 10 s to 120 s. When this judgment condition is detected, the undulating torque Tor_undrill and the undulating pressure SPP_undrill are recorded.
[0096] The acquisition of the aforementioned basic drilling parameters includes automatic acquisition, manual intervention acquisition, and manual input methods. First, automatic acquisition is performed based on the idling state above the bottom. When no suitable drilling state is captured and no data is acquired, manual intervention is used to create predetermined working conditions to obtain the basic parameters, or the basic parameters are obtained through manual input.
[0097] In some embodiments, the difference between the current tool face and the target tool face is determined. In specific implementations of the method, the following may also be included:
[0098] S1: Obtain the top drive torque curve and speed curve of the drill string torsion system, and perform pattern matching on the top drive torque curve and speed curve of the drill string torsion system to obtain the corresponding pattern matching results.
[0099] S2: Based on the pattern matching results, determine whether there is any abnormality in the working state of the drill string torsion system;
[0100] S3: If it is determined that there is no abnormality in the working state of the drill string torsion system, determine the difference between the current tool face and the target tool face.
[0101] In some embodiments, the top drive torque curve and speed curve of the drill string torsion system are obtained, and pattern matching is performed on the top drive torque curve and speed curve of the drill string torsion system to obtain the corresponding pattern matching result. Specifically, this may include:
[0102] By acquiring the top drive torque and speed curves of the drill string torsion system, and analyzing the curve data using pattern matching technology, characteristic patterns can be extracted to identify periodic or non-periodic fluctuation characteristics related to the torsion phenomenon. The pattern matching results are obtained by comparing the similarity between the curves and preset pattern templates.
[0103] This allows for rapid determination of whether the drill string is in a yaw state and the severity of the condition, accurately identifying drill string dynamic anomalies, providing a basis for real-time adjustment of drilling parameters (such as torque, rotational speed, or drilling pressure), effectively improving wellbore trajectory control and drilling efficiency, while reducing equipment wear and accident risks.
[0104] Specifically, for example, if the pattern matching result is a sinusoidal curve, it is normal; otherwise, it is abnormal. If it is normal, proceed to the next step; if it is abnormal, prompt an alarm for abnormal operation of the drill string torsion system. The abnormal handling process includes: automatically stopping the drill string torsion system and waiting 10-20 seconds to restart it. If the drill string torsion system returns to normal, proceed to the next step. If it does not return to normal within 5 minutes, prompt for manual handling.
[0105] In some embodiments, the method determines whether the sliding directional drilling process is in a non-pressure-supported state based on the differences between multiple historical tool faces, the riser pressure corresponding to the historical tool faces, and the riser pressure during free spin. In specific implementations, the method may also include the following:
[0106] S1: Determine the first difference as the difference between multiple historical tool faces;
[0107] S2: The difference between the average value of the riser pressure corresponding to the historical tool face and the riser pressure when idling off the bottom is determined as the second difference value;
[0108] S3: Based on the relationship between the first difference and the first preset threshold, and the relationship between the second difference and the second preset threshold, determine whether the sliding directional drilling process is in an unsupported state.
[0109] Specifically, the first difference reflects the magnitude of directional changes among multiple historical toolfaces, used to assess toolface stability; the second difference reflects the deviation between the average riser pressure and the standpipe pressure during idle drilling, used to monitor whether the drill string is subjected to additional load. When the first difference is less than a first preset threshold and the second difference is less than a second preset threshold, the drill string is determined to be in an unloaded state, indicating that the drilling process is smooth and meets expectations. This comprehensive consideration of toolface changes and riser pressure characteristics improves the accuracy and reliability of the sliding directional drilling process, providing a scientific basis for real-time operational decisions.
[0110] In some embodiments, the first control parameter is adjusted based on the difference, the current rotation direction of the tool face, and the rotation speed of the current tool face angle to obtain the adjusted first control parameter. In specific implementations, the method may further include the following:
[0111] S1: Determine the parameter adjustment strategy for the drill string torsion system based on the difference, the current rotation direction of the tool face, and the rotation speed of the current tool face angle.
[0112] S2: Based on the parameter adjustment strategy, the first control parameter is adjusted to obtain the adjusted first control parameter.
[0113] In some embodiments, a parameter adjustment strategy for the drill string torsion system is determined based on the difference, the current tool face rotation direction, and the rotation speed of the current tool face angle. Specifically, this may include:
[0114] Using a preset hierarchical control model, a parameter adjustment strategy for the drill string torsion system is determined based on the difference, the current rotation direction of the tool face, and the rotation speed of the current tool face angle; wherein, the preset hierarchical control model is a model constructed based on a preset machine learning algorithm.
[0115] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the parameter adjustment strategy refers to the dynamic adjustment rules formulated according to different scenarios and levels for the first control parameters of the drill string torsion system during sliding directional drilling, combined with core factors such as the difference between the current tool face and the target tool face, the tool face rotation direction, and the tool face angle rotation speed. These rules can be divided into two categories: a pressure-handling strategy and a tool face deviation graded adjustment strategy under non-pressure conditions. Specifically, the parameter adjustment strategy under pressure conditions can be as follows: if it is determined that the drilling process is under pressure, a preset pressure release procedure will be initiated to adjust the control parameters of the drill string torsion system (including key parameters such as forward and reverse torque, rotation speed, or holding time). In a typical example, the tool face deviation grading adjustment strategy under the unloaded state can be as follows: When the drilling process is in the unloaded state, first determine that the working state of the drill string torsion system is normal, and then adjust the first control parameter in grades according to the tool face rotation direction (clockwise / counterclockwise) and the difference level between the current tool face and the target tool face (for example, divided into 4 levels: 0-15°, 16-30°, 31-90°, 91-180°) and the tool face rotation speed (fast / medium / slow).
[0116] In some embodiments, the first control parameter is adjusted based on a parameter adjustment strategy to obtain the adjusted first control parameter. Specifically, this may include:
[0117] Adjustments are made to the primary control parameters, such as modifying key parameters like forward and reverse torque, rotational speed, or holding time, to optimize the drill string's operating status and tool face response. The adjusted primary control parameters can more accurately match the drilling process requirements, achieving effective control and trajectory correction of yaw phenomena.
[0118] As can be seen from the above, the adaptive sliding directional drilling data processing method provided in this embodiment controls the drill string torsion system to perform sliding directional drilling in a target area according to a first control parameter; acquires the target tool face that meets the preset wellbore trajectory control requirements, as well as multiple historical tool faces and the current tool face corresponding to the sliding directional drilling process; determines whether the sliding directional drilling process is in a non-pressure state based on the difference between multiple historical tool faces, the riser pressure corresponding to the historical tool face, and the standpipe pressure during bottom-out idling; if it is determined that the sliding directional drilling process is in a non-pressure state, determines the difference between the current tool face and the target tool face; adjusts the first control parameter according to the difference, the rotation direction of the current tool face, and the rotation speed of the current tool face angle to obtain the adjusted first control parameter; and controls the drill string torsion system to continue sliding directional drilling in the target area according to the adjusted first control parameter. In this way, firstly, the pressure state during sliding directional drilling is automatically identified based on the differences between multiple historical tool faces, the riser pressure corresponding to the historical tool faces, and the standpipe pressure during free rotation. Secondly, when it is identified that the sliding directional drilling process is in a state of no pressure, the first control parameter can be adjusted in real time based on the difference between the current tool face and the target tool face, the rotation direction and rotation speed of the current tool face. This avoids the time-consuming problem caused by manual pressure judgment and parameter adjustment, and improves the efficiency of sliding directional drilling.
[0119] Referring to Figure 2, this embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a specific electronic device, which includes a network communication port 201, a processor 202, and a memory 203. The above structures are connected by internal cables so that the various structures can perform specific data interaction.
[0120] Specifically, the network communication port 201 can be used to control the drill string torsion system to perform sliding directional drilling in the target area according to the first control parameters.
[0121] The processor 202 can specifically be used to acquire the target tool face that meets the preset wellbore trajectory control requirements, as well as multiple historical tool faces and the current tool face corresponding to the sliding directional drilling process; determine whether the sliding directional drilling process is in a non-pressure state based on the difference between multiple historical tool faces, the standpipe pressure corresponding to the historical tool face, and the standpipe pressure during free spin; if it is determined that the sliding directional drilling process is in a non-pressure state, determine the difference between the current tool face and the target tool face; adjust the first control parameter based on the difference, the rotation direction of the current tool face, and the rotation speed of the current tool face angle to obtain the adjusted first control parameter; and control the drill string torsion system to continue sliding directional drilling in the target area based on the adjusted first control parameter.
[0122] The memory 203 can be used to store the corresponding instruction program.
[0123] Based on the above method, the relevant structural performance of electronic equipment can be effectively utilized to improve the data processing speed of electronic equipment and efficiently realize the adaptive sliding directional drilling data processing method.
[0124] In this embodiment, the network communication port 201 can be a virtual port bound to different communication protocols, thereby enabling the sending or receiving of different data. For example, the network communication port can be a port responsible for web data communication, a port responsible for FTP data communication, or a port responsible for email data communication. Furthermore, the network communication port can also be a physical communication interface or communication chip. For example, it can be a wireless mobile network communication chip, such as GSM or CDMA; it can also be a Wi-Fi chip; or it can be a Bluetooth chip.
[0125] In this embodiment, the processor 202 can be implemented in any suitable manner. For example, the processor can take the form of a microprocessor or processor and a computer-readable medium storing computer-readable program code (e.g., software or firmware) executable by the (micro)processor, logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), programmable logic controllers, and embedded microcontrollers, etc. This disclosure is not limiting.
[0126] In this embodiment, the memory 203 may include multiple layers. In a digital system, any device that can store binary data can be a memory. In an integrated circuit, a circuit with storage function but no physical form is also called a memory, such as RAM, FIFO, etc. In a system, a storage device with a physical form is also called a memory, such as a memory stick, TF card, etc.
[0127] This disclosure also provides a computer-readable storage medium based on the above-described adaptive sliding directional drilling data processing method. The computer-readable storage medium stores computer program instructions, which, when executed, implement the following: controlling the drill string torsion system to perform sliding directional drilling on a target area according to a first control parameter; acquiring a target tool face that meets preset wellbore trajectory control requirements, as well as multiple historical tool faces and the current tool face corresponding to the sliding directional drilling process; determining whether the sliding directional drilling process is in a non-pressure-supported state based on the differences between multiple historical tool faces, the riser pressure corresponding to the historical tool faces, and the standpipe pressure during bottom-out idling; determining the difference between the current tool face and the target tool face when the sliding directional drilling process is determined to be in a non-pressure-supported state; adjusting the first control parameter based on the difference, the rotation direction of the current tool face, and the rotation speed of the current tool face angle to obtain the adjusted first control parameter; and controlling the drill string torsion system to continue sliding directional drilling on the target area according to the adjusted first control parameter.
[0128] In this embodiment, the storage medium includes, but is not limited to, Random Access Memory (RAM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), cache, hard disk drive (HDD), or memory card. The memory can be used to store computer program instructions. The network communication unit can be an interface configured according to standards specified in the communication protocol for network connection communication.
[0129] In this embodiment, the specific functions and effects implemented by the program instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium can be explained in comparison with other embodiments, and will not be repeated here.
[0130] Referring to Figure 3, at the software level, this disclosure also provides an adaptive sliding directional drilling data processing device, which may specifically include the following structural modules:
[0131] The system trigger module 301 is used to control the drill string torsion system to perform sliding directional drilling in the target area according to the first control parameters;
[0132] The tool face acquisition module 302 is used to acquire the target tool face that meets the preset wellbore trajectory control requirements, as well as multiple historical tool faces and the current tool face corresponding to the sliding directional drilling process;
[0133] The pressure judgment module 303 is used to determine whether the sliding directional drilling process is in an unpressured state based on the difference between multiple historical tool faces, the riser pressure corresponding to the historical tool face, and the standpipe pressure when spinning off the bottom.
[0134] The difference determination module 304 is used to determine the difference between the current tool face and the target tool face when it is determined that the sliding directional drilling process is in an unsupported state.
[0135] The parameter determination module 305 is used to adjust the first control parameter based on the difference, the rotation direction of the current tool face, and the rotation speed of the current tool face angle, so as to obtain the adjusted first control parameter.
[0136] The directional drilling module 306 is used to control the drill string torsion system to continue sliding directional drilling towards the target area according to the adjusted first control parameters.
[0137] In some embodiments, the pressure judgment module 303, in its specific implementation, constructs a tool face queue containing a preset number of tool faces based on multiple historical tool faces and the current tool face; when the preset number of tool faces in the tool face queue meets the preset number requirement, it determines whether the tool face in the sliding directional drilling process is in a stable state by comparing the difference between two adjacent tool faces in the tool face queue with a preset fixed value; when it is determined that the tool face in the sliding directional drilling process is in a stable state, it determines whether the sliding directional drilling process is in a non-pressure state based on the difference between multiple historical tool faces, the riser pressure corresponding to the historical tool face, and the riser pressure during free spin.
[0138] In some embodiments, the first control parameters include a positive torque and a reverse torque determined based on the freewheeling torque and the well inclination angle.
[0139] In some embodiments, when implementing the process, drilling parameters of the target area are obtained; wherein, the drilling parameters include, but are not limited to, drill bit speed, top drive speed, circulation displacement and duration; based on the drilling parameters and preset judgment rules, the bottom-free spin state is identified, and when the bottom-free spin state is identified, the torque and riser pressure corresponding to the bottom-free spin state are obtained, and the torque corresponding to the bottom-free spin state is determined as the bottom-free spin torque, and the riser pressure corresponding to the bottom-free spin state is determined as the bottom-free spin riser pressure.
[0140] In some embodiments, the difference calculation module in the pressure judgment module 303 described above specifically acquires the top drive torque curve and speed curve of the drill string torsion swing system, and performs pattern matching on the top drive torque curve and speed curve of the drill string torsion swing system to obtain the corresponding pattern matching result; based on the pattern matching result, it determines whether there is an abnormality in the working state of the drill string torsion swing system; if it is determined that there is no abnormality in the working state of the drill string torsion swing system, it determines the difference between the current tool face and the target tool face.
[0141] In some embodiments, the pressure judgment module 303, when specifically implemented, determines the difference between multiple historical tool faces as the first difference; determines the difference between the average value of the riser pressure corresponding to the historical tool face and the riser pressure during idling from the bottom as the second difference; and determines whether the sliding directional drilling process is in a non-pressure state based on the relationship between the first difference and the first preset threshold, and the relationship between the second difference and the second preset threshold.
[0142] In some embodiments, the parameter determination module 305, in specific implementation, determines a parameter adjustment strategy for the drill string torsion system based on the difference, the rotation direction of the current tool face, and the rotation speed of the current tool face angle; based on the parameter adjustment strategy, the first control parameter is adjusted to obtain the adjusted first control parameter.
[0143] It should be noted that the units, devices, or modules described in the above embodiments can be implemented by computer chips or physical entities, or by products with certain functions. For ease of description, the above devices are described by dividing them into various modules according to their functions. Of course, in implementing this disclosure, the functions of each module can be implemented in one or more software and / or hardware, or a module that implements the same function can be implemented by a combination of multiple sub-modules or sub-units, etc. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the devices or units shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection between the devices or units can be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.
[0144] As can be seen from the above, the adaptive sliding directional drilling data processing device provided in this embodiment firstly achieves automatic identification of the pressure state during the sliding directional drilling process based on the differences between multiple historical tool faces, the riser pressure corresponding to the historical tool faces, and the standpipe pressure during free rotation. Secondly, when it is identified that the sliding directional drilling process is in a state of no pressure, the first control parameter can be adjusted in real time based on the difference between the current tool face and the target tool face, the rotation direction and rotation speed of the current tool face. This avoids the time-consuming problem caused by manual pressure judgment and parameter adjustment, and improves the efficiency of sliding directional drilling.
[0145] In a specific scenario example, the adaptive sliding directional drilling data processing method and apparatus provided in this disclosure can be applied. First, based on the differences between multiple historical tool faces, the riser pressure corresponding to the historical tool faces, and the standpipe pressure during free-spinning, the pressure-supporting state of the sliding directional drilling process is automatically identified. Second, when it is identified that the sliding directional drilling process is in a state of no pressure support, the first control parameter can be adjusted in real time based on the difference between the current tool face and the target tool face, the rotation direction of the current tool face, and the rotation speed. This avoids the time-consuming problem caused by manual pressure support judgment and parameter adjustment, thus improving the efficiency of sliding directional drilling. Referring to Figure 4, the specific implementation process may include the following:
[0146] S1: Obtain basic operating parameters of the top drive;
[0147] Specifically, the basic operating parameters of the top drive system are obtained by testing the top drive system. These parameters include the forward starting torque, reverse starting torque, forward starting speed, and reverse starting speed.
[0148] S2: Acquire real-time data from downhole measurement-while-drilling tools, top drive system, drill string torsion system, and logging system;
[0149] Specifically, real-time data from downhole measurement-while-drilling tools includes well inclination, azimuth, and tool face data; real-time data from the top drive system includes rotational speed and torque data; real-time data from the drill string torsion swing system includes forward and reverse torque, forward and reverse rotational speed, forward and reverse hold time, and operating status data; and real-time data from the logging system includes well depth, drill bit depth, mechanical drilling speed, hook load, and standpipe pressure data.
[0150] S3: Monitor drilling parameters and automatically acquire necessary basic parameters;
[0151] Specifically, before performing sliding drilling, the bottom-free idling state is identified by monitoring real-time data. The bottom-free idling state is the rotational torque when the drill bit is not in contact with the bottom of the well and is not moving up or down during circulation. The criteria include: drill bit speed ≤ 0.2 m / h, top drive speed ≥ 5 rpm, circulation displacement ≥ 10 L / s, and duration 10 s–120 s. When this condition is detected, the bottom-free idling torque (Tor_undrill) and bottom-free idling standpipe pressure (SPP_undrill) are recorded. The acquisition of basic drilling parameters includes automatic acquisition, manual intervention, and manual input. First, automatic acquisition is performed based on the bottom-free idling state. If no suitable drilling condition is captured and no data is obtained, manual intervention is used to create predetermined working conditions to obtain the basic parameters, or the basic parameters are obtained through manual input.
[0152] S4: Initialize the target tool face for the sliding directional drilling process;
[0153] Specifically, the sliding directional drilling target tool face TF_target is calculated or manually entered based on the wellbore trajectory control requirements;
[0154] S5: Determine whether automatic sliding directional drilling has started; if not, continue with step S2; if it has started, proceed to step S6.
[0155] Specifically, it determines whether automatic sliding directional drilling has started. If it has started, it checks whether there are records of drill string torsion system control parameters. If there are records, it initializes the drill string torsion system control parameters. If there are no records, it calculates the drill string torsion system control parameters and then initializes them.
[0156] S6: Determine if there is a record of control parameters (i.e., the first control parameter). If there is no record of control parameters, calculate the control parameters of the drill string torsion system (i.e., the first control parameter). If there is a record of control parameters, proceed to step S7.
[0157] S7: Initialize the control parameters of the drill string torsion system;
[0158] Specifically, the control parameters of the drill string torsion system include forward torque, reverse torque, forward rotation speed, reverse rotation speed, forward holding time, reverse holding time, start, and stop, among which:
[0159] Forward torque and reverse torque are:
[0160] If the freewheeling torque Tor_undrill ≤ threshold 1, then the empirical formula is used: reverse torque = -well inclination angle / 150 * freewheeling torque; forward torque = +well inclination angle / 120 * freewheeling torque;
[0161] If the freewheeling torque Tor_undrill is greater than the threshold 1, the positive torque is directly set to +4500 N·m and the negative torque is -3500 N·m;
[0162] If the freewheeling torque Tor_undrill is not set, or the calculated forward and reverse torque values are abnormal, then directly set the forward torque to +4000 N·m and the reverse torque to -2500 N·m;
[0163] Forward and reverse speeds are: using empirical values, the initial setting of forward speed is -8 to -15 rpm and reverse speed is 8 to 15 rpm. The absolute value of the forward speed setting is greater than or equal to the forward starting speed of the top drive system, and the absolute value of the reverse speed setting is greater than or equal to the reverse starting speed of the top drive system.
[0164] The holding time in the forward direction is +3s, and the holding time in the reverse direction is -3s;
[0165] The forward torque, reverse torque, forward speed, and reverse speed are all less than their respective limit thresholds.
[0166] S8: Determination of the stability state of the sliding drilling tool face;
[0167] Specifically, toolface data sent by the downhole measurement-while-drilling tool is continuously acquired. The toolface data enters in a queue, and the queue records N latest toolfaces. The number of toolfaces in the queue is recorded as TF_count. The time interval of all toolfaces is limited to a fixed value TF_timeLimit.
[0168] When a new toolface is updated, it is first compared with the toolface time difference in the queue, and toolfaces with a time difference greater than or equal to TF_timeLimit are removed. If the number of toolfaces in the queue is less than TF_count, the toolface is added directly to the queue. If the number of toolfaces in the queue is equal to TF_count, the oldest toolface in the queue is removed first, and then the toolface is added to the queue.
[0169] The toolfaces in the queue are numbered TF0, TF1, TF2, TF3, and TFFi in chronological order from most recent to oldest. When there are ≥4 toolfaces in the queue, a stability check is performed: First, calculate DT1 = TF0 - TF1, DT2 = TF1 - TF2, and DT3 = TF2 - TF3. Then, check if the absolute values of DT1, DT2, and DT3 are all less than or equal to a set value. If the absolute values are all less than the set value, the toolface is considered to be in a stable state; otherwise, it is considered to be in an unstable state. If the toolface is considered to be in a stable state, proceed to the next step. Otherwise, continue waiting for a new toolface to be added to the queue until the toolface is in a stable state before proceeding to the next step.
[0170] S9: When the sliding drilling tool face is in a stable state, determine whether it is under pressure; if it is not under pressure, proceed to step S10; if it is under pressure, proceed to step S11; in addition, if the sliding drilling tool face is in an unstable state, proceed to step S2.
[0171] Specifically, calculate the historical tool face difference. If the difference of all tool faces within a fixed time is ≤ threshold 2, then mark it as possibly being under pressure and proceed to step S42. Otherwise, determine that it is not under pressure and directly proceed to step S44.
[0172] Based on the average value of riser pressure within the historical tool face time range, if the average value minus the bottom idling riser pressure SPP_undrill is less than or equal to the threshold three, it is determined to be in a pressure-supporting state and enters step S43 to perform the pressure-supporting release process; otherwise, it is determined to be in a non-pressure-supporting state and directly enters step S44.
[0173] Pressure relief procedure: Adjust the drill string torsion parameters within the limit range by increasing the forward torque value, decreasing the reverse torque value, increasing the forward rotation speed, decreasing the reverse rotation speed, increasing the forward holding time, and decreasing the reverse holding time. Record the time after adjustment. If the pressure is still in a state within 5 to 8 minutes, the operator will be prompted to judge and perform the pressure relief operation.
[0174] S10: Determine whether the drill string torsion system is normal. If it is abnormal, perform abnormal handling. If it is normal, proceed with step S11.
[0175] Specifically, mode matching is performed based on the real-time top drive torque curve and real-time speed curve of the drill string torsion swing system. If the matching is a sinusoidal curve operation, it is normal; otherwise, it is abnormal. If it is normal, proceed to the next step; if it is abnormal, prompt the system to operate abnormally. The abnormal handling process includes: automatically stopping the drill string torsion swing system and waiting 10-20 seconds to restart it. If the drill string torsion swing system returns to normal, proceed to the next step. If it does not return to normal within 5 minutes, prompt manual handling.
[0176] S11: Calculate the difference between the latest tool face and the set tool face, and adjust clockwise or counterclockwise according to the direction of the tool face's rotation.
[0177] S12: Referring to Figure 5 (i.e., the detailed scheme), when the rotation direction of the current tool face is clockwise, the difference between the current tool face and the target tool face, as well as the rotation speed of the current tool face angle, is divided into a preset number of levels (e.g., four levels). Specifically, for example, the first level is 0-15°, the second level is 16-30°, the third level is 31-90°, and the fourth level is 91-180°.
[0178] Furthermore, for the first level: 0 ≤ the difference between the tool faces < 15°, the forward and reverse holding time is restored;
[0179] Second level: 15° ≤ Difference between tool faces < 30°: When rotating forward and rapidly for 3 minutes ≥ 10°, forward: torque -200 N·m, hold time and speed restored; negative: torque -200 N·m, hold time and speed restored to initial values; each time, first try reducing the positive torque, and only adjust the negative torque if it fails; when rotating forward and at medium speed for 3 minutes (3-10)°, the parameters remain unchanged; when rotating forward and at slow speed for 3 minutes < 3°, forward: torque +200 N·m, hold time 6 seconds, speed 12 rpm; negative: restore initial values; when rotating in reverse, forward: torque +200 N·m, hold time 6 seconds, speed 12 rpm; negative: restore initial values;
[0180] Level 3: 30° ≤ Difference between tool faces < 90°: When rotating forward and rapidly for 3 minutes ≥ 15°, forward: torque -1000 N·m, hold time and speed restored; negative: torque -500 N·m, hold time and speed restored to initial values; each time, first try reducing the positive torque, only adjust the negative torque if it fails; when rotating forward and at medium speed for 3 minutes (5-15)°, the parameters remain unchanged; when rotating forward and at slow speed for 3 minutes < 5°, forward: torque +500 N·m, hold time 8 seconds, speed 15 rpm; negative: restore initial values; when rotating in reverse, forward: torque +500 N·m, hold time 8 seconds, speed 15 rpm; negative: restore initial values;
[0181] Fourth level: 90° ≤ Difference between tool faces < 180°: When rotating forward and rapidly for 3 minutes ≥ 25°, forward: torque -1000 N·m, hold time and speed restored; negative: torque -500 N·m, hold time and speed restored to initial values; each time, first try reducing the positive torque, and only adjust the negative torque if it fails; when rotating forward and at medium speed for 3 minutes (10-25)°, the parameters remain unchanged; when rotating forward and at slow speed for 3 minutes < 10°, forward: torque +1000 N·m, hold time 8s, speed 15 rpm; negative: restore initial values; when rotating in reverse, forward: torque +1000 N·m, hold time 8s, speed 15 rpm; negative: restore initial values.
[0182] S13: When the rotation direction of the current tool face is counterclockwise, the difference between the current tool face and the target tool face is divided into a preset number of levels (e.g., four levels) based on the difference between the current tool face and the target tool face, as well as the rotation speed of the current tool face angle.
[0183] Specifically, Level 1: 0 ≤ difference between tool faces < 15°, recovery time for both forward and reverse holding;
[0184] Second level: 15° ≤ Difference between tool faces < 30°: When reversing and rapidly increasing by ≥ 10° for 3 minutes, for the positive direction: torque +200 N·m, hold time and speed restored; for the negative direction: torque +200 N·m, hold time and speed restored to default values; always try adding positive torque first, only adjust negative torque if it fails; when adding or subtracting torque, if the limit value is reached before it is reached, add or subtract torque to the limit value; when reversing and moving at medium speed for 3 minutes (3-10)°, parameters remain unchanged; when reversing and moving at slow speed for 3 minutes < 3°, for the positive direction: torque -200 N·m. m, hold time, speed recovery; Negative direction: torque -200 N·m, hold time 5s, speed -12 rpm; each time, first try reducing positive torque, only adjust negative direction if it fails; when increasing or decreasing torque, if the increase or decrease is insufficient and the limit value is reached, increase or decrease torque to the limit value; when rotating forward, positive direction: torque -200 N·m, hold time, speed recovery; Negative direction: torque -200 N·m, hold time 5s, speed -12 rpm; each time, first try reducing positive torque, only adjust negative direction if it fails; when increasing or decreasing torque, if the increase or decrease is insufficient and the limit value is reached, increase or decrease torque to the limit value;
[0185] Level 3: 30° ≤ Difference between tool faces < 90°: When reversing and rapidly increasing by ≥ 15° for 3 minutes, for the positive direction: torque +500 N·m, hold time and speed restored; for the negative direction: torque +500 N·m, hold time and speed restored to default values; always try adding positive torque first, only adjust negative torque if it fails; when adding or subtracting torque, if the limit value is reached before it is fully added or subtracted, add or subtract torque until the limit value is reached; when reversing and moving at medium speed for 3 minutes (5-15)°, parameters remain unchanged; when reversing and moving at slow speed for 3 minutes < 5°, for the positive direction: torque -500 N·m. m, hold time, speed recovery; Negative direction: torque -500 N·m, hold time 5s, speed -15 rpm; each time, first try reducing positive torque, only adjust negative direction if it fails; when adding or subtracting torque, if the limit value is reached before the limit value is reached, add or subtract torque to the limit value; when rotating forward, positive direction: torque -500 N·m, hold time, speed recovery; Negative direction: torque -500 N·m, hold time 5s, speed -15 rpm; each time, first try reducing positive torque, only adjust negative direction if it fails; when adding or subtracting torque, if the limit value is reached before the limit value is reached, add or subtract torque to the limit value;
[0186] Fourth level: 90° ≤ Difference between tool faces < 180°: When reversing and rapidly for 3 minutes ≥ 25°, positive direction: torque +500 N·m, hold time and speed restored; negative direction: torque +500 N·m, hold time and speed restored to default values; always try adding positive torque first, only adjust negative torque if it fails; when adding or subtracting torque, if the limit value is reached before it is fully added or subtracted, add or subtract torque until the limit value is reached; when reversing and at medium speed for 3 minutes (10-25)°, parameters remain unchanged; when reversing and at slow speed for 3 minutes < 10°, positive direction: torque -1000 N·m. N·m, hold time, speed recovery; Negative direction: torque -500 N·m, hold time 8s, speed -15 rpm; each time, first try reducing positive torque, and only adjust negative torque if it fails; when increasing or decreasing torque, if the increase or decrease is insufficient and the limit value is reached, increase or decrease torque to the limit value; when rotating forward, positive direction: torque -1000 N·m, hold time, speed recovery; Negative direction: torque -500 N·m, hold time 8s, speed -15 rpm; each time, first try reducing positive torque, and only adjust negative torque if it fails; when increasing or decreasing torque, if the increase or decrease is insufficient and the limit value is reached, increase or decrease torque to the limit value.
[0187] S14: Calculate whether the tool face is rotating clockwise or counterclockwise, and calculate the rotation speed, and then adjust the control parameters in stages;
[0188] S15: Monitor and evaluate control performance and sliding drilling speed, record control parameters when performance is excellent, and then determine whether sliding directional drilling has ended.
[0189] Specifically, when the sliding drilling speed is fast and the tool face remains in a stable state for a duration of five, the control parameters at this time are recorded. When the current sliding directional drilling process is completed, the next time sliding directional drilling is performed, these control parameters are used directly for the sliding directional drilling operation.
[0190] Based on the above embodiments, an adaptive sliding directional drilling method and automatic control system with the target toolface as the control objective was constructed. This system solves core problems such as closed-loop control, adaptive optimization of control parameters, and handling of abnormal situations, and establishes a complete sliding drilling toolface control system. Field tests showed significant results, including a toolface control accuracy range of ±15° and a 29% increase in sliding directional drilling speed. It achieves rapid and stable approximation of sliding directional control with low algorithm complexity. This invention breaks away from conventional methods that simulate manual directional operation processes, creating a closed-loop control mechanism centered on the target toolface. The core of this method lies in identifying the sliding directional state and automatically adjusting control parameters according to the deviation level, achieving rapid and stable iterative approximation to the target toolface. The overall algorithm design has low complexity and high control reliability. It possesses adaptive optimization characteristics for control parameters. Based on parameters such as the deviation amount, deviation direction, and deviation speed between the real-time toolface and the target toolface, this invention innovatively defines 26 sliding directional deviation vectors and 55 graded combination control parameters, achieving coupling and matching between the deviation state and control parameters, and real-time identification and optimization of control parameters, thus solving the core problem of adaptive control optimization. Automatic Relief and Warning of Sliding Pressure Abnormalities. This invention provides an automatic identification system for sliding pressure states based on comprehensive parameters such as riser pressure, frictional resistance, mechanical drilling speed, and tool face changes. The system automatically relieves the pressure state by actively adjusting control parameters and prompts for manual intervention when automatic handling fails, thus safeguarding the automatic sliding guide.
[0191] In some embodiments, an automatic control module for sliding directional drilling has been developed based on the present invention and has been tested in multiple wells, achieving automatic control of the sliding drilling process. The tests showed significant results, including a tool face control accuracy range of ±15° and a 29% increase in sliding directional drilling speed. Currently, this module is being integrated with a surface-downhole closed-loop directional drilling system. This module is a crucial part of the automatic control implementation. For details, please refer to Figures 6 and 7, which illustrate the actual control effects. Figure 6 uses a well section of 3924-3927.03m, a target tool face position of 0°, a tool face WTITS transmission delay time of 30-70s, an average mechanical drilling speed of 1.73m / h, and a drilling pressure of 4-6T as an example. Figure 7 uses a well section of 3950-3952m, a target tool face position of 180°, a tool face WTITS transmission delay time of 30-200s, an average mechanical drilling speed of 1.60m / h, and a drilling pressure of 6-7T as an example.
[0192] In some embodiments, based on parameters such as the deviation amount, deviation direction, and deviation speed between the real-time tool surface and the target tool surface, 26 sliding directional deviation vectors and 55 hierarchical combination control parameters are innovatively defined, and the coupling and matching of deviation state and control parameters are realized. The control parameters are identified and optimized in real time, thus solving the core problem of adaptive control optimization.
[0193] In some embodiments, the automatic control system based on the present invention includes the following main functions or modules: real-time data acquisition and processing module, basic parameter automatic acquisition and setting module, control parameter initialization module, tool face status monitoring module, sliding drilling pressure discrimination and control module, drill string torsion system operation monitoring and error correction module, and control parameter adaptive adjustment module.
[0194] While this disclosure provides method steps as illustrated in the embodiments or flowcharts, more or fewer steps may be included based on conventional or non-inventive means. The order of steps listed in the embodiments is merely one possible order of execution among many steps and does not represent the only possible order. In actual device or client product execution, the method may be executed in the order shown in the embodiments or drawings or in parallel (e.g., in a parallel processor or multi-threaded processing environment, or even a distributed data processing environment). The terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, product, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, product, or apparatus. Without further limitations, the presence of additional identical or equivalent elements in the process, method, product, or apparatus that includes elements is not excluded. The terms "first," "second," etc., are used to denote names and do not indicate any particular order.
[0195] Those skilled in the art will also know that, besides implementing the controller using purely computer-readable program code, the same functions can be achieved by logically programming the method steps, making the controller function as logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), programmable logic controllers (PLCs), and embedded microcontrollers. Therefore, such a controller can be considered a hardware component, and the devices within it used to implement various functions can also be considered structures within that hardware component. Alternatively, the devices used to implement various functions can be considered as both software modules implementing the method and structures within a hardware component.
[0196] As can be seen from the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that this disclosure can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of this disclosure can essentially be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, mobile terminal, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods of various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments of this disclosure.
[0197] Although this disclosure has been described by way of examples, those skilled in the art will recognize that this disclosure has many variations and modifications without departing from the spirit of this disclosure, and it is intended that the appended claims cover such variations and modifications without departing from the spirit of this disclosure.
Claims
1. An adaptive sliding directional drilling data processing method, characterized in that, include: Based on the first control parameter, the drill string torsion system is controlled to perform sliding directional drilling in the target area; Obtain the target tool face that meets the preset wellbore trajectory control requirements, as well as multiple historical tool faces and the current tool face corresponding to the sliding directional drilling process; Based on the differences between the multiple historical tool faces, the riser pressure corresponding to the historical tool face, and the standpipe pressure during free spin from the bottom, it is determined whether the sliding directional drilling process is in a non-pressure state. When it is determined that the sliding directional drilling process is in a non-pressure state, the difference between the current tool face and the target tool face is determined; Based on the difference, the rotation direction of the current tool face, and the rotation speed of the current tool face angle, the first control parameter is adjusted to obtain the adjusted first control parameter; Based on the adjusted first control parameters, the drill string torsion system is controlled to continue sliding directional drilling towards the target area.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining whether the sliding directional drilling process is in a non-pressure-supported state based on the differences between the multiple historical tool faces, the riser pressure corresponding to the historical tool faces, and the riser pressure during free spin from the bottom includes: Based on the multiple historical toolfaces and the current toolface, construct a toolface queue containing a preset number of toolfaces; When the preset number of tool faces in the tool face queue meets the preset number requirement, it is determined whether the tool face is in a stable state during the sliding directional drilling process by comparing the difference between two adjacent tool faces in the tool face queue with a preset fixed value. If the tool face is determined to be in a stable state during the sliding directional drilling process, the difference between the multiple historical tool faces, the riser pressure corresponding to the historical tool face, and the standpipe pressure during free spin from the bottom are used to determine whether the sliding directional drilling process is in a non-pressure state.
3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first control parameters include the positive torque and the reverse torque determined based on the freewheeling torque and the well inclination angle.
4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method further includes: Obtain drilling parameters for the target area; wherein, the drilling parameters include, but are not limited to, drill bit speed, top drive speed, circulation displacement, and duration; Based on the drilling parameters and preset judgment rules, the bottom-free spin state is identified. When the bottom-free spin state is identified, the torque and riser pressure corresponding to the bottom-free spin state are obtained. The torque corresponding to the bottom-free spin state is determined as the bottom-free spin torque, and the riser pressure corresponding to the bottom-free spin state is determined as the bottom-free spin riser pressure.
5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Determining the difference between the current tool face and the target tool face includes: The top drive torque curve and speed curve of the drill string torsion system are obtained, and pattern matching is performed on the top drive torque curve and speed curve of the drill string torsion system to obtain the corresponding pattern matching results. Based on the pattern matching results, determine whether there is any abnormality in the working state of the drill string torsion system; If it is determined that there is no abnormality in the working state of the drill string torsion system, the difference between the current tool face and the target tool face is determined.
6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of determining whether the sliding directional drilling process is in a non-pressure-supported state based on the differences between the multiple historical tool faces, the riser pressure corresponding to the historical tool faces, and the riser pressure during free spin from the bottom includes: The difference between the multiple historical tool faces is determined as the first difference; The difference between the average value of the riser pressure corresponding to the historical tool surface and the riser pressure during idling from the bottom is determined as the second difference. Based on the relationship between the first difference and the first preset threshold, and the relationship between the second difference and the second preset threshold, it is determined whether the sliding directional drilling process is in an unpressured state.
7. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of adjusting the first control parameter based on the difference, the rotation direction of the current tool face, and the rotation speed of the current tool face angle to obtain the adjusted first control parameter includes: Based on the difference, the rotation direction of the current tool face, and the rotation speed of the current tool face angle, a parameter adjustment strategy for the drill string torsion system is determined. Based on the parameter adjustment strategy, the first control parameter is adjusted to obtain the adjusted first control parameter.
8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the sliding directional drilling process is under pressure, it includes: According to the preset pressure release procedure, the pressure state is released, and it is determined whether the sliding directional drilling process is still in a pressure state. While the sliding directional drilling process is still under pressure, it is determined whether the duration of the pressure state exceeds the preset time according to a preset time. If the duration of the pressure state exceeds a preset time, a warning message is issued to relevant personnel, and manual intervention is carried out based on the warning message.
9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining whether the sliding directional drilling process is in a non-pressure-supported state based on the differences between the multiple historical tool faces, the riser pressure corresponding to the historical tool faces, and the riser pressure during free spin from the bottom includes: Based on the relationship between the differences between multiple historical tool faces within a preset fixed time period and a first preset threshold, it is determined whether the multiple historical tool faces meet the stability condition within a preset time period. If the multiple historical tool faces meet the stability condition, obtain the average value of the riser pressure corresponding to the multiple historical tool faces within the preset time range; Based on the relationship between the average value of the riser pressure and the second difference between the riser pressure and the bottom idling pressure and the second preset threshold, it is determined whether the sliding directional drilling process is in a non-pressure state.
10. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The parameter adjustment strategies include: torque adjustment strategy, speed adjustment strategy, and graded control strategy.
11. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The adjustment of the first control parameter based on the parameter adjustment strategy includes: If the difference continues to be greater than a preset threshold, the positive hold time in the first control parameter is increased; If the difference remains no greater than the preset threshold, the reverse hold time in the first control parameter is reduced.
12. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: During the sliding directional drilling process, attitude parameters of the downhole measurement-while-drilling tool and wellbore trajectory parameters are collected; Based on the attitude parameters and wellbore trajectory parameters, verify the pointing accuracy of the current tool face; When the pointing accuracy of the current tool face exceeds a preset threshold, the first control parameter is readjusted.
13. An adaptive sliding directional drilling data processing device, characterized in that, include: The system triggering module is used to control the drill string torsion system to perform sliding directional drilling in the target area according to the first control parameters; The tool face acquisition module is used to acquire the target tool face that meets the preset wellbore trajectory control requirements, as well as multiple historical tool faces and the current tool face corresponding to the sliding directional drilling process; The pressure judgment module is used to determine whether the sliding directional drilling process is in a non-pressure state based on the difference between the multiple historical tool faces, the riser pressure corresponding to the historical tool face, and the standpipe pressure when spinning freely off the bottom. The difference determination module is used to determine the difference between the current tool face and the target tool face when the sliding directional drilling process is determined to be in an unsupported state. The parameter determination module is used to adjust the first control parameter based on the difference, the rotation direction of the current tool face, and the rotation speed of the current tool face angle, so as to obtain the adjusted first control parameter. The directional drilling module is used to control the drill string torsion system to continue sliding directional drilling towards the target area according to the adjusted first control parameters.
14. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory for storing processor-executable instructions, wherein the processor, when executing the instructions, implements the steps of the adaptive sliding directional drilling data processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
15. The electronic device according to claim 14, characterized in that, When the processor executes the instructions, it implements the steps of the adaptive sliding directional drilling data processing method according to any one of claims 8 to 12.
16. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, It stores computer instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the adaptive sliding directional drilling data processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 12.
17. The computer-readable storage medium according to claim 16, characterized in that, It stores computer instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the adaptive sliding directional drilling data processing method according to any one of claims 8 to 12.