Electronic device and method for wireless communications, and computer-readable storage medium

Abstract

The present application relates to an electronic device and method for wireless communications, and a computer-readable storage medium. The electronic device for wireless communications comprises at least one processor and at least one memory, which comprises a computer program code, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, by means of the at least one processor, cause the electronic device to execute the following operations: using a pre-trained predetermined model to predict, on the basis of link information and beam information between a user equipment and a plurality of access points within a historical time period, at least one candidate access point serving the user equipment within a future time period, and to predict first candidate beam information regarding candidate beams of the user equipment and / or second candidate beam information regarding candidate beams of the at least one candidate access point within the future time period.

Description

Electronic devices and methods for wireless communication, computer-readable storage media This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202510130544.8, filed on February 5, 2025, entitled "Electronic Device and Method for Wireless Communication, Computer-Readable Storage Medium", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and more particularly to electronic devices and methods for wireless communication. More specifically, it relates to electronic devices and methods for wireless communication that use a pre-trained predetermined model to make predictions about access points or user equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Cell-free (also known as D-MIMO) emerged to alleviate inter-cell interference and improve throughput for users at the cell edge. In cell-free systems, a large number of access points (APs, also known as transmit and receive points, TRPs) simultaneously serve one or more user equipments (UEs). Each AP performs local channel estimation via uplink pilots and then transmits data to the UE using conjugate beams. A large number of APs are connected to the network via backhaul links, sharing the same time-frequency resources to serve a small number of UEs. When multiple APs under the same network connection serve a specific UE, they can select the APs to serve the UE based on signal quality or power strength, rather than all connected APs participating in serving that specific UE. Figure 1 illustrates an example of access points serving a specific UE in a prior art cell-free scenario. As shown in Figure 1, when the UE is at location A, multiple APs circled in solid lines serve the UE to assist communication between the UE and the base station. When the UE moves to location B, multiple APs circled in dashed lines serve the UE to assist communication between the UE and the base station. Determining which AP serves a UE, or which UE an AP can serve, is a challenging task.

[0003] In cell-free systems, there are two scenarios: distributed and centralized. In centralized systems, the network schedules and allocates resources to find the globally optimal solution for the UE. In distributed systems, the access points (APs) have more authority; they can adjust their beams based on uplink pilot channel estimation results and even decide which UEs to serve. While centralized systems can find the optimal solution, they place higher demands on backhaul and experience greater load. In distributed systems, the backhaul requirements are lower and the load is less, but problems such as interference between APs and uneven AP allocation are inevitable.

[0004] Figure 2 is an example diagram illustrating the beam between a user equipment and an access point in the prior art. In Figure 2(a), a single AP serves a UE; in Figure 2(b), three APs serve a UE; and in Figure 2(c), three APs (AP1, AP2, and AP3) serve a UE, while AP4 does not serve a UE.

[0005] As shown in Figure 2, the beamforming on the UE side may differ between single AP service and multi-AP service; for the AP side, there are also two scenarios for centralized and distributed systems: individual beamforming and joint beamforming. Therefore, beam management is a challenging aspect that needs to be addressed in cell-free systems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] A brief overview of the invention is given below to provide a basic understanding of certain aspects of it. It should be understood that this overview is not an exhaustive summary of the invention. It is not intended to identify key or essential parts of the invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention. Its purpose is merely to present certain concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that follows.

[0007] According to one aspect of this disclosure, an electronic device for wireless communication is provided, comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured, through the at least one processor, to cause the electronic device to: predict at least one candidate access point serving the user equipment in a future time period based on link information and beam information between the user equipment and multiple access points in a historical time period using a pre-trained predetermined model, and predict first candidate beam information for candidate beams of the user equipment and / or second candidate beam information for candidate beams of the at least one candidate access point in the future time period.

[0008] According to another aspect of this disclosure, an electronic device for wireless communication is provided, comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, through the at least one processor, cause the electronic device to: predict at least one candidate access point serving the electronic device in a future time period based on link information and beam information between the electronic device and a plurality of access points in a historical time period using a pre-trained predetermined model, and predict first candidate beam information and / or second candidate beam information regarding candidate beams of the electronic device and candidate beams of at least one candidate access point in the future time period.

[0009] According to another aspect of this disclosure, an electronic device for wireless communication is provided, comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured, through the at least one processor, to cause the electronic device to perform: using a pre-trained predetermined model, based on link information and beam information between the electronic device and a plurality of user devices over a historical time period, and interference information between the electronic device and other electronic devices, predicting at least one candidate user device for which the electronic device can provide services in a future time period, and / or predicting first candidate beam information and / or second candidate beam information for candidate beams of the at least one candidate user device in a future time period.

[0010] According to one aspect of this disclosure, a method for wireless communication is provided, comprising: using a pre-trained predetermined model, predicting at least one candidate access point serving the user equipment in a future time period based on link information and beam information between a user equipment and multiple access points in a historical time period, and predicting first candidate beam information relating to candidate beams of the user equipment and / or second candidate beam information relating to candidate beams of at least one candidate access point in the future time period.

[0011] According to another aspect of this disclosure, a method for wireless communication is provided, comprising: using a pre-trained predetermined model, predicting at least one candidate access point serving the electronic device in a future time period based on link information and beam information between an electronic device and a plurality of access points in a historical time period, and predicting first candidate beam information relating to candidate beams of the electronic device and / or second candidate beam information relating to candidate beams of at least one candidate access point in the future time period.

[0012] According to another aspect of this disclosure, a method for wireless communication is provided, comprising: using a pre-trained predetermined model, based on link information and beam information between an electronic device and a plurality of user devices over a historical time period, and interference information between the electronic device and other electronic devices, predicting at least one candidate user device for which the electronic device can provide services in a future time period, and / or predicting first candidate beam information and / or second candidate beam information for candidate beams of the at least one candidate user device in the future time period.

[0013] According to other aspects of the present invention, computer program code and computer program product for implementing the above methods, as well as a computer-readable storage medium having the computer program code for implementing the above methods recorded thereon, are also provided. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To further illustrate the above and other advantages and features of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings, together with the following detailed description, are included in and form a part of this specification. Elements having the same function and structure are indicated by the same reference numerals. It should be understood that these drawings only depict typical examples of the invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. In the drawings:

[0015] Figure 1 is an example diagram illustrating an access point serving a specified user equipment in a cell-free scenario of the prior art;

[0016] Figure 2 is an example diagram illustrating the beam between a user equipment and an access point in the prior art;

[0017] Figure 3 shows an exemplary functional block diagram of an electronic device for wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0018] Figure 4 shows an exemplary functional block diagram of an electronic device for wireless communication according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0019] Figure 5 shows an exemplary functional block diagram of an electronic device for wireless communication according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0020] Figure 6 shows a flowchart of a method for wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0021] Figure 7 shows a flowchart of a method for wireless communication according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0022] Figure 8 shows a flowchart of a method for wireless communication according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0023] Figure 9 is a block diagram illustrating a first example of a schematic configuration of an eNB or gNB to which the technologies of this disclosure can be applied;

[0024] Figure 10 is a block diagram illustrating a second example of a schematic configuration of an eNB or gNB to which the technologies of this disclosure can be applied;

[0025] Figure 11 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a smartphone to which the technologies of this disclosure can be applied;

[0026] Figure 12 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a car navigation device to which the technology of this disclosure can be applied; and

[0027] Figure 13 is a block diagram of an exemplary structure of a general-purpose personal computer in which methods and / or apparatus and / or systems according to embodiments of the present invention can be implemented. Detailed Implementation

[0028] Exemplary embodiments of the invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. For clarity and brevity, not all features of actual implementations are described in the specification. However, it should be understood that many implementation-specific decisions must be made in the development of any such actual embodiment to achieve the developer's specific goals, such as complying with constraints related to the system and business, and these constraints may vary depending on the implementation. Furthermore, it should be understood that while development work can be very complex and time-consuming, such development work is merely a routine task for those skilled in the art who benefit from this disclosure.

[0029] It should also be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the invention with unnecessary details, only the device structure and / or processing steps closely related to the solution according to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, while other details that are not closely related to the invention are omitted.

[0030] This disclosure provides an electronic device for wireless communication according to one embodiment of the disclosure. The electronic device includes at least one processor and at least one memory, the at least one memory including computer program code, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured, via the at least one processor, to cause the electronic device to: predict at least one candidate access point serving the user equipment in a future time period, based on link information and beam information between the user equipment and multiple access points over a historical time period, using a pre-trained predetermined model; and predict first candidate beam information relating to candidate beams of the user equipment and / or second candidate beam information relating to candidate beams of the at least one candidate access point in the future time period.

[0031] Figure 3 shows an exemplary functional block diagram of an electronic device 300 for wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0032] As shown in Figure 3, the electronic device 300 includes: a control unit 301 for control; and a processing unit 303 configured to, under the control of the control unit 301, use a pre-trained predetermined model to predict at least one candidate access point serving the user equipment in a future time period, based on link information and beam information between the user equipment and multiple access points in a historical time period, and to predict first candidate beam information related to candidate beams of the user equipment and / or second candidate beam information related to candidate beams of at least one candidate access point in a future time period.

[0033] The control unit 301 and processing unit 303 can be implemented as one or more processing circuits and at least one memory. The processing circuit can be, for example, a processor or a chip, and the at least one memory can be RAM, ROM, etc. The at least one memory is used to store, for example, computer program code and data required for the processing circuits to perform processing. Furthermore, it should be understood that the various functional units in the electronic device 300 shown in FIG3 are merely logical modules divided according to their specific functions, and are not intended to limit the specific implementation method.

[0034] Electronic device 300 may be located on the base station side or communicatively connected to the base station. For example, electronic device 300 may function as the base station itself and may also include external devices such as memory and transceiver (not shown). The memory may be used to store programs and related data information that electronic device 300 needs to execute to perform various functions. The transceiver may include one or more communication interfaces to support communication with different devices (e.g., UE, base station, access point, etc.), and the specific implementation of the transceiver is not limited here.

[0035] As an example, the base station could be an eNB or a gNB. In the following description, we will typically use a gNB as the base station.

[0036] For example, the predetermined model can be an AI (artificial intelligence) model or a machine learning model.

[0037] Extensive discussions and research have been conducted within 3GPP regarding various use cases in AI-enhanced wireless communication.

[0038] For example, the aforementioned historical and future time periods, and other time-domain information, can be determined by the electronic device 300 or reported by the UE. These time parameters can be flexible or fixed.

[0039] The pre-defined model can output guidance information for beam selection (i.e., first candidate beam information and / or second candidate beam information) through learning.

[0040] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the electronic device 300 can use a predetermined model to predict at least one candidate access point (i.e., at least one candidate access point that can be connected to the user equipment) and predict beam information in a future time period, thereby ensuring a continuous, stable, and high-quality connection between the UE and the electronic device 300, while reducing the time and overhead of measurement feedback and reducing AP handover latency under existing mechanisms.

[0041] The pre-deployed model is located on the electronic device 300 side, and its implementation does not require much involvement from the UE.

[0042] The data collected by the pre-defined model may include link information and beam information.

[0043] As an example, link information includes at least one of the following: channel impulse response (CIR) estimated based on reference signals, channel state information (CSI), and channel matrix. Link information can reflect the quality of the link between the user equipment and the access point. Reference signals (uplink and downlink pilot signals) include, for example, CSI-RS (Channel State Information Reference Signal), SRS (Channel Sound Reference Signal), DMRS (Demodulation Reference Signal), etc.

[0044] As an example, beam information for a historical time period includes at least one of the reference signal received power (RSRP) and signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) obtained by measuring the reference signal, along with the corresponding beam ID. The beam ID may include the beam ID of the user equipment and / or the beam IDs of multiple access points within the historical time period.

[0045] As an example, the processing unit 303 may be configured to predict at least one candidate access point, and predict first candidate beam information and / or second candidate beam information, based on mobility information related to the mobility of the user equipment.

[0046] As an example, mobility information includes the user equipment's trajectory information and / or movement speed. That is, mobility information includes the UE's motion state, motion trajectory information, etc., serving as supplementary information. For example, the user equipment reports its mobility information to electronic device 300. If, during the inference phase of a predetermined model, the collected historical information occurs within a certain historical window, it can indirectly reflect the UE's movement trend without disclosing the UE's own privacy information.

[0047] In both centralized and distributed cell-free scenarios, in a distributed system, the selected AP can choose its own beam and send a Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) to the UE it serves. In a centralized system, the network-side (NW) device performs joint beamforming on the selected AP, and the network can directly send the TCI to the UE. At the same time, the requirements for backhaul links between each AP and the network are more stringent.

[0048] As an example, the second candidate beam information includes joint beamforming information for at least one candidate access point or beam information corresponding to each of the at least one candidate access point. For example, in a centralized cell-free scenario, the second candidate beam information includes joint beamforming information for the at least one candidate access point, such as a precoding matrix. In a distributed cell-free scenario, the second candidate beam information includes beam information corresponding to each of the at least one candidate access point (e.g., the best candidate beam on the AP side); if the number of predicted beams corresponding to a candidate access point is large (e.g., the number of beams k is greater than or equal to 2), the candidate access point can choose a beam from the predicted beams for communication in future time periods; if the number of predicted beams corresponding to a candidate access point is small (e.g., the number of beams k equals 1), the candidate access point uses the predicted beam for communication in future time periods.

[0049] For example, the predicted first candidate beam information includes the user equipment's beam information (e.g., the optimal UE-side beam). This beam information may include, for example, the beam ID and the beam's RSRP. When the model is deployed on the network side, the electronic device 300 can instruct the UE to select the optimal downlink receive beam based on the predicted joint beamforming results, or by using TCI, rather than directly predicting and outputting the optimal downlink receive beam.

[0050] Whether beamforming is performed by the AP alone or jointly controlled by the electronic device 300, if the output of the predetermined model includes an indication of the first candidate beam information (e.g., the best beam) on the UE side, the data collection phase that collects data for historical periods should include the polling results of the UE side beams for matching with the beams on the AP side.

[0051] As an example, processing unit 303 can be configured to obtain link information from multiple access points when the access point is used to assist uplink transmission, and to obtain link information from the user equipment when the access point is used to assist downlink transmission. In other words, the data source for the predetermined model can be divided into two cases: one is where the AP is used to assist uplink transmission, requiring the AP to report the measured uplink reference signal results; the other is where the AP is used to assist downlink transmission, requiring the UE to report the measured downlink reference signal results.

[0052] As an example, processing unit 303 can be configured to, when performing model monitoring on a predetermined model: obtain measurement data for model monitoring from multiple access points when the access point is used to assist uplink transmission, and obtain measurement data for model monitoring from the user equipment when the access point is used to assist downlink transmission. For performance monitoring of the predetermined model, i.e., comparing true values ​​and predicted values, there are two scenarios for obtaining the true values ​​(measurement results): downlink information and uplink information from some or all APs and UEs. Uplink information requires AP measurement, and downlink information requires UE measurement. The comparison result between the measurement results (true values) and the predicted values ​​is then sent to the party performing or deciding on the predetermined model performance monitoring.

[0053] Performance monitoring of the predetermined model can also be initiated by the decision-maker, who can indicate the start and end of monitoring. After UE / AP measurements, the true values ​​can be directly transmitted to the decision-maker, or calculated performance evaluation metrics (e.g., the prediction accuracy of the predetermined model) can be transmitted to the decision-maker. The decision-maker can then make further decisions based on the performance evaluation metrics, such as disabling the model, updating the model, or rolling back. The decision-maker can be a UE or a network-side device. For example, if the decision-maker is electronic device 300 (which is a network-side device) and the predetermined model is deployed on electronic device 300, electronic device 300 determines the start and end of monitoring, and the decision result.

[0054] This disclosure also provides a wireless electronic device according to another embodiment of this disclosure. The electronic device includes at least one processor and at least one memory, the at least one memory including computer program code, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured, via the at least one processor, to cause the electronic device to: predict at least one candidate access point serving the electronic device in a future time period, based on link information and beam information between the electronic device and multiple access points over a historical time period, using a pre-trained predetermined model; and predict first candidate beam information for candidate beams of the electronic device and / or second candidate beam information for candidate beams of the at least one candidate access point in the future time period.

[0055] Figure 4 shows an exemplary functional block diagram of an electronic device 400 for wireless communication according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0056] As shown in Figure 4, the electronic device 400 includes: a control unit 401, which performs control; and a processing unit 403, which, under the control of the control unit 401, uses a pre-trained predetermined model to predict at least one candidate access point serving the electronic device 400 in a future time period based on the link information and beam information between the electronic device 400 and multiple access points in a historical time period, and predicts first candidate beam information and / or second candidate beam information related to the candidate beams of the electronic device 400 and the candidate beam information related to at least one candidate access point in a future time period.

[0057] The control unit 401 and processing unit 403 can be implemented as one or more processing circuits and at least one memory. The processing circuit can be, for example, a processor or a chip, and the at least one memory can be RAM, ROM, etc. The at least one memory is used to store, for example, computer program code and data required for the processing circuits to perform processing. Furthermore, it should be understood that the various functional units in the electronic device 400 shown in FIG. 4 are merely logical modules divided according to their specific functions, and are not intended to limit the specific implementation method.

[0058] For example, electronic device 400 can function as a user equipment itself and may also include external devices such as memory and transceivers (not shown). The memory can be used to store programs and related data information that electronic device 400 needs to execute to perform various functions. The transceiver may include one or more communication interfaces to support communication with different devices (e.g., UE, base station, access point, etc.), and the specific implementation of the transceiver is not limited here.

[0059] For example, the predetermined model can be an AI (artificial intelligence) model or a machine learning model.

[0060] For example, the aforementioned historical and future time periods, and other time-domain information, can be determined by the electronic device 400 or indicated by network-side devices. These time parameters can be flexible or fixed.

[0061] According to the embodiments of this disclosure, the electronic device 400 can use a predetermined model to predict at least one candidate access point of the serving electronic device 400 and predict beam information in a future time period, thereby ensuring a continuous, stable, and high-quality connection between the electronic device 400 and the network-side equipment, while reducing the time and overhead of measurement feedback and reducing AP handover latency under the existing mechanism.

[0062] As an example, the processing unit 403 may be configured to receive from a network-side device (e.g., a base station) at least a portion of a complete set of access points that includes all access points capable of serving the electronic device 400, wherein at least one candidate access point is included in at least a portion of the complete set of access points.

[0063] When the predetermined model is deployed on the electronic device 400, the electronic device 400 needs to know at least a portion of the complete set of all selectable access points (APs). With the network-side device indicating at least a portion of the complete set to the electronic device 400, the electronic device 400 can better utilize its historical information for prediction, while avoiding the disclosure of some private information (such as location coordinates and direction of movement). The electronic device 400 can then report the prediction results to the network-side device.

[0064] As an example, link information includes at least one of the CIR, CSI, and channel matrix estimated based on reference signals. Link information can reflect the quality of the link between the electronic device 400 and the access point. For example, reference signals (uplink / downlink pilot signals) include CSI-RS, SRS, DMRS, etc.

[0065] As an example, beam information includes at least one of RSRP and SINR obtained by measuring a reference signal, and the corresponding beam ID. The beam ID may include the beam ID of electronic device 400 and / or the beam IDs of multiple access points within a historical time period.

[0066] When an access point is used to assist uplink transmission, the aforementioned information is measured or estimated by multiple access points, and electronic device 400 obtains the information from multiple access points. When an access point is used to assist downlink transmission, the aforementioned information is measured or estimated by electronic device 400.

[0067] As an example, the processing unit 403 may be configured to predict at least one candidate access point, and predict first candidate beam information and / or second candidate beam information, based on mobility information related to the movement of the electronic device 400.

[0068] As an example, the motion information includes the trajectory information and / or speed of the electronic device 400.

[0069] As an example, the predicted first candidate beam information includes the beam information of electronic device 400 (e.g., the optimal beam of electronic device 400). For example, this beam information includes the beam ID and the beam's RSRP, etc.

[0070] For centralized cell-free systems, the second candidate beam information can include a network-optimal precoding matrix. That is, the electronic device 400 can predict the precoding matrix using a predetermined model, and then report the predicted precoding matrix to the network-side device, which determines the joint beamforming of the AP.

[0071] For distributed cell-free, the second candidate beam information may include beam information corresponding to at least one predicted candidate access point (e.g., the predicted best candidate beam of the AP).

[0072] As an example, the processing unit 403 may be configured to send at least one of the following to multiple access points via one of Radio Resource Control (RRC), Media Access Control Element (MAC CE), Downlink Control Information (DCI), and Uplink Control Information (UCI): a request to collect link information and / or beam information, an indication to start collecting, and an indication to end collecting.

[0073] For example, when a predetermined model is deployed on the electronic device 400 (UE) side, the UE can send at least one of the following to multiple access points via RRC, MAC CE, DCI, and UCI: the model's functionality, related parameters, and format. The functionality of the predetermined model on the electronic device 400 side can describe whether the model is AI-based or non-AI-based, whether the electronic device 400 is in high-speed operation mode, whether the electronic device 400 is outdoors, and whether the predetermined model is used for beam prediction, etc. Related parameters can include the predetermined model's input and output parameters (e.g., beam ID, etc.). The format can be the format of the related parameters.

[0074] This disclosure also provides an electronic device for wireless communication according to yet another embodiment of this disclosure. The electronic device includes at least one processor and at least one memory, the at least one memory including computer program code, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured, via the at least one processor, to cause the electronic device to: use a pre-trained predetermined model to predict at least one candidate user device for which the electronic device can provide services in a future time period, based on link information and beam information between the electronic device and a plurality of user devices over a historical time period, and interference information between the electronic device and other electronic devices; and / or predict first candidate beam information and / or second candidate beam information for candidate beams of the at least one candidate user device in a future time period.

[0075] Figure 5 shows an exemplary functional block diagram of an electronic device 500 for wireless communication according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0076] As shown in Figure 5, the electronic device 500 includes: a control unit 501, which performs control; and a processing unit 503, which, under the control of the control unit 501, uses a pre-trained predetermined model to predict at least one candidate user device that the electronic device 500 can provide services to in the future time period, and / or predicts first candidate beam information of candidate beams for at least one candidate user device and / or second candidate beam information of candidate beams for the electronic device 500 in the future time period, based on link information and beam information between the electronic device 500 and multiple user devices in historical time periods, as well as interference information between the electronic device 500 and other electronic devices.

[0077] The control unit 501 and processing unit 503 can be implemented as one or more processing circuits and at least one memory. The processing circuit can be, for example, a processor or a chip, and the at least one memory can be RAM, ROM, etc. The at least one memory is used to store, for example, computer program code and data required for the processing circuits to perform processing. Furthermore, it should be understood that the various functional units in the electronic device 500 shown in FIG. 5 are merely logical modules divided according to their specific functions, and are not intended to limit the specific implementation method.

[0078] For example, electronic device 500 can function as an access point itself and may also include external devices such as memory and transceivers (not shown). The memory can be used to store programs and related data information that electronic device 500 needs to execute to perform various functions. The transceiver may include one or more communication interfaces to support communication with different devices (e.g., UE, base station, access point, etc.), and there is no specific limitation on the implementation of the transceiver.

[0079] For example, the predetermined model can be an AI (artificial intelligence) model or a machine learning model.

[0080] For example, the aforementioned historical and future time periods, and other time-domain information, can be determined by the electronic device 500 or indicated by network-side devices. These time parameters can be flexible or fixed.

[0081] Deploying the pre-defined model on an electronic device 500 (AP) is more suitable for distributed scenarios, where the AP has greater authority, such as autonomous control over uplink and downlink beams between the AP and the UE. However, in a distributed environment, the AP may get stuck in local optima, and interference issues may exist between APs. Therefore, considering the model deployment on the AP side, the model's output can be a predicted candidate beam. The model's predictions should take into account interference between APs. Therefore, the data collection phase should at least include link measurement reports, beam measurement reports, and interference measurement reports, where the measurement results may be based on reference signals transmitted by the APs.

[0082] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the electronic device 500 can use a predetermined model to predict at least one candidate user equipment that the electronic device 500 can provide services to in a future time period and / or predict beam information, thereby minimizing interference between APs, ensuring a continuous, stable, and high-quality connection between user equipment and network-side equipment, while reducing the time and overhead of measurement feedback and reducing AP handover latency under existing mechanisms.

[0083] As an example, the processing unit 503 may be configured to receive at least a portion of a complete set of user equipment, including all user equipment for which the electronic device 500 is capable of providing services, from network-side devices and / or other electronic devices, wherein at least one candidate user equipment is included in at least a portion of the complete set of user equipment.

[0084] Before making a prediction, electronic device 500 needs to know at least a portion of the complete set of user equipment (UEs) for which it can provide services (the complete set of UEs refers to the UEs that electronic device 500 predicts to serve, which should be included in the complete set, meaning the complete set includes all UEs that electronic device 500 may serve). This information about the UEs can be transmitted between network-side devices or other electronic devices (other APs).

[0085] As an example, link information includes at least one of the CIR, CSI, and channel matrix estimated based on reference signals. Link information can reflect the quality of the link between the electronic device 500 and the UE. For example, reference signals (uplink / downlink pilot signals) include CSI-RS, SRS, DMRS, etc. Link information may also include the link status between the UE and other APs.

[0086] As an example, beam information includes at least one of RSRP and SINR obtained by measuring a reference signal, and the corresponding beam ID. The beam ID may include the beam ID of electronic device 500 and / or the beam IDs of multiple UEs within a historical time period.

[0087] As an example, the processing unit 503 may be configured to predict at least one candidate user equipment based on mobility information related to the mobility of the user equipment, and / or predict first candidate beam information and / or second candidate beam information.

[0088] As an example, mobility information includes the user equipment's trajectory information and / or speed. For instance, electronic device 500 may obtain the user equipment's mobility information via network-side devices and / or other electronic devices.

[0089] As an example, the predicted first candidate beam information includes the user equipment's beam information (e.g., the user equipment's optimal beam). For example, this beam information includes the beam ID and the beam's RSRP, etc.

[0090] The second candidate beam information may include information about the candidate beams of the electronic device 500 (e.g., the candidate best beam of the electronic device 500).

[0091] As an example, the processing unit 503 can be configured to select a predetermined number of candidate user devices from at least one candidate user device based on the priority of the service when it is determined that at least one candidate user device cannot be served at the same time.

[0092] For example, if the model predicts multiple candidate UEs, and the electronic device 500 cannot serve that number of UEs simultaneously due to issues such as load balancing, the at least one candidate user equipment can be selected according to the priority of the service.

[0093] As an example, the processing unit 503 can be configured to select a predetermined number of candidate user devices based on link information with at least one candidate user device when it is determined that at least one candidate user device cannot be served simultaneously.

[0094] For example, if the model predicts multiple candidate UEs, but the electronic device 500 cannot serve that number of UEs simultaneously due to load balancing and other issues, it can also select the UEs based on the actual connection between the electronic device 500 and the candidate UEs. For instance, if the model on the electronic device 500 side predicts that the candidate UEs that may be connected in the future are UE1, UE2, UE3, and UE4, but the electronic device 500 can only serve two UEs in reality, then the two UEs with the best quality can be selected based on the link quality (such as the link information described above) between the electronic device 500 and UE1, UE2, UE3, and UE4 respectively.

[0095] As an example, the processing unit 503 may be configured to send at least one of the following to multiple user equipment via RRC, MAC CE, DCI, and UCI when the electronic device 500 is used for auxiliary downlink transmission: a request to collect link information and / or beam information, an indication to start collecting, and an indication to end collecting.

[0096] For example, in the embodiment of electronic device 300, where the decision-maker is a UE and the predetermined model is deployed on the electronic device 500 (AP), the decision-maker UE can send to the electronic device 500 at least one of the following via Radio Resource Control (RRC), Media Access Control Element (MAC CE), Downlink Control Information (DCI), and Uplink Control Information (UCI): a request for performance monitoring of the predetermined model, an indication of the start of monitoring, an indication of the termination of monitoring, an indication of the calculation of performance indicators for model monitoring, a decision result, and a reporting / indication of model prediction results.

[0097] In the process of describing electronic devices 300, 400, and 500 in the embodiments described above, some processes or methods have obviously also been disclosed. Hereinafter, without repeating some details already discussed above, a summary of these methods is given. However, it should be noted that although these methods are disclosed in the description of the above electronic devices, these methods do not necessarily employ or are performed by the components described. For example, the embodiments of the above electronic devices can be implemented partially or entirely using hardware and / or firmware, while the methods discussed below can be implemented entirely by computer-executable programs, although these methods can also be implemented using the hardware and / or firmware of the electronic device.

[0098] Figure 6 shows a flowchart of a method S600 for wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Method S600 begins at step S602. In step S604, using a pre-trained predetermined model, based on link information and beam information between a user equipment and multiple access points within a historical time period, at least one candidate access point serving the user equipment in a future time period is predicted, as well as first candidate beam information related to candidate beams of the user equipment and / or second candidate beam information related to candidate beams of at least one candidate access point in the future time period. Method S600 ends at step S606.

[0099] This method can be executed, for example, by the electronic device 300 described above. For details, please refer to the description of the relevant processing of the electronic device 300 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0100] Figure 7 shows a flowchart of a method S700 for wireless communication according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Method S700 begins at step S702. In step S704, using a pre-trained predetermined model, based on link information and beam information between an electronic device and multiple access points within a historical time period, at least one candidate access point serving the electronic device is predicted for a future time period, and first candidate beam information for candidate beams of the electronic device and / or second candidate beam information for candidate beams of at least one candidate access point are predicted for the future time period. Method S700 ends at step S706.

[0101] This method can be executed, for example, by the electronic device 400 described above. For details, please refer to the above description of the relevant processing of the electronic device 400, which will not be repeated here.

[0102] Figure 8 shows a flowchart of a method S800 for wireless communication according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Method S800 begins at step S802. In step S804, using a pre-trained predetermined model, based on link information and beam information between an electronic device and multiple user devices over a historical time period, and interference information between the electronic device and other electronic devices, it predicts at least one candidate user device for which the electronic device can provide services in a future time period, and / or predicts first candidate beam information for candidate beams of at least one candidate user device and / or second candidate beam information for candidate beams of the electronic device in the future time period. Method S800 ends at step S806.

[0103] This method can be executed, for example, by the electronic device 500 described above. For details, please refer to the description of the relevant processing of the electronic device 500 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0104] The technology disclosed herein can be applied to a variety of products.

[0105] Electronic device 300 can be located on the base station side or connected to the base station. The base station can be implemented as any type of evolved Node B (eNB) or gNB (5G base station). eNBs include, for example, macro eNBs and small eNBs. Small eNBs can be eNBs that cover cells smaller than macro cells, such as pico eNBs, micro eNBs, and femtocell eNBs. A similar situation can occur with gNBs. Alternatively, the base station can be implemented as any other type of base station, such as NodeBs and base transceiver stations (BTSs). The base station may include: a subject configured to control wireless communication (also called base station equipment); and one or more remote radio heads (RRHs) located in a different location from the subject. In addition, various types of electronic devices can operate as base stations by temporarily or semi-persistently performing base station functions.

[0106] Electronic device 400 can be implemented as various user devices. User devices can be implemented as mobile terminals (such as smartphones, tablet PCs, laptop PCs, portable gaming terminals, portable / dongle-type mobile routers, and digital camera devices) or in-vehicle terminals (such as car navigation devices). User devices can also be implemented as terminals performing machine-to-machine (M2M) communication (also known as machine-type communication (MTC) terminals). Furthermore, user devices can be wireless communication modules (such as integrated circuit modules comprising a single chip) installed on each of the aforementioned terminals.

[0107] [Application examples of base stations]

[0108] (First application example)

[0109] Figure 9 is a block diagram illustrating a first example of a schematic configuration of an eNB or gNB to which the technologies of this disclosure can be applied. Note that the following description uses an eNB as an example, but it can also be applied to a gNB. The eNB 800 includes one or more antennas 810 and a base station device 820. The base station device 820 and each antenna 810 can be connected to each other via RF cables.

[0110] Each of the antennas 810 includes one or more antenna elements (such as multiple antenna elements included in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna) and is used by the base station device 820 to transmit and receive wireless signals. As shown in Figure 9, the eNB 800 may include multiple antennas 810. For example, multiple antennas 810 may be compatible with multiple frequency bands used by the eNB 800. Although Figure 9 shows an example in which the eNB 800 includes multiple antennas 810, the eNB 800 may also include a single antenna 810.

[0111] The base station equipment 820 includes a controller 821, a memory 822, a network interface 823, and a wireless communication interface 825.

[0112] The controller 821 can be, for example, a CPU or a DSP, and operates various higher-level functions of the base station equipment 820. For example, the controller 821 generates data packets based on data in signals processed by the wireless communication interface 825, and transmits the generated packets via the network interface 823. The controller 821 can bundle data from multiple baseband processors to generate bundled packets and transmit the generated bundled packets. The controller 821 may have logical functions that perform controls such as radio resource control, radio bearer control, mobility management, admission control, and scheduling. This control can be performed in conjunction with nearby eNBs or core network nodes. The memory 822 includes RAM and ROM, and stores programs executed by the controller 821 and various types of control data (such as terminal lists, transmission power data, and scheduling data).

[0113] Network interface 823 is a communication interface used to connect base station equipment 820 to core network 824. Controller 821 can communicate with core network nodes or other eNBs via network interface 823. In this case, eNB 800 and core network nodes or other eNBs can be connected to each other through logical interfaces (such as S1 and X2 interfaces). Network interface 823 can also be a wired communication interface or a wireless communication interface for wireless backhaul. If network interface 823 is a wireless communication interface, it can use a higher frequency band for wireless communication compared to the frequency band used by wireless communication interface 825.

[0114] The wireless communication interface 825 supports any cellular communication scheme (such as LTE and LTE-Advanced) and provides wireless connectivity to terminals located in the cell of eNB 800 via antenna 810. The wireless communication interface 825 typically includes, for example, a baseband (BB) processor 826 and RF circuitry 827. The BB processor 826 can perform, for example, encoding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, and multiplexing / demultiplexing, and performs various types of signal processing at layers (e.g., Layer 1, Medium Access Control (MAC), Radio Link Control (RLC), and Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP)). Instead of controller 821, the BB processor 826 can have some or all of the above-described logical functions. The BB processor 826 can be a memory storing communication control programs, or a module including a processor and associated circuitry configured to execute programs. Update programs can change the functionality of the BB processor 826. The module can be a card or blade inserted into a slot in base station equipment 820. Alternatively, the module can also be a chip mounted on a card or blade. Meanwhile, the RF circuit 827 may include, for example, a mixer, a filter, and an amplifier, and transmits and receives wireless signals via the antenna 810.

[0115] As shown in Figure 9, the wireless communication interface 825 may include multiple BB processors 826. For example, the multiple BB processors 826 may be compatible with multiple frequency bands used by the eNB 800. As shown in Figure 9, the wireless communication interface 825 may include multiple RF circuits 827. For example, the multiple RF circuits 827 may be compatible with multiple antenna elements. Although Figure 9 shows an example in which the wireless communication interface 825 includes multiple BB processors 826 and multiple RF circuits 827, the wireless communication interface 825 may also include a single BB processor 826 or a single RF circuit 827.

[0116] When the electronic device 300 is implemented as the eNB 800 shown in FIG. 9, its transceiver can be implemented by the wireless communication interface 825. At least a portion of the functionality can also be implemented by the controller 821. For example, the controller 821 can predict access points using a pre-trained predetermined model by executing the functions of the units in the electronic device 300.

[0117] (Second application example)

[0118] Figure 10 is a block diagram illustrating a second example of a schematic configuration of an eNB or gNB to which the technologies of this disclosure can be applied. Note that, similarly, the following description uses an eNB as an example, but it can also be applied to a gNB. The eNB 830 includes one or more antennas 840, a base station device 850, and an RRH 860. The RRH 860 and each antenna 840 can be connected to each other via RF cables. The base station device 850 and the RRH 860 can be connected to each other via high-speed lines such as fiber optic cables.

[0119] Each of the antennas 840 includes one or more antenna elements (such as multiple antenna elements included in a MIMO antenna) and is used by the RRH 860 to transmit and receive wireless signals. As shown in Figure 10, the eNB 830 may include multiple antennas 840. For example, multiple antennas 840 may be compatible with multiple frequency bands used by the eNB 830. Although Figure 10 shows an example in which the eNB 830 includes multiple antennas 840, the eNB 830 may also include a single antenna 840.

[0120] The base station device 850 includes a controller 851, a memory 852, a network interface 853, a wireless communication interface 855, and a connection interface 857. The controller 851, memory 852, and network interface 853 are the same as the controller 821, memory 822, and network interface 823 described with reference to FIG10.

[0121] The wireless communication interface 855 supports any cellular communication scheme (such as LTE and LTE-Advanced) and provides wireless communication to terminals located in the sector corresponding to the RRH 860 via the RRH 860 and antenna 840. The wireless communication interface 855 may typically include, for example, a BB processor 856. The BB processor 856 is identical to the BB processor 826 described with reference to FIG10, except that it is connected to the RF circuitry 864 of the RRH 860 via a connection interface 857. As shown in FIG10, the wireless communication interface 855 may include multiple BB processors 856. For example, multiple BB processors 856 may be compatible with multiple frequency bands used by the eNB 830. Although FIG10 shows an example in which the wireless communication interface 855 includes multiple BB processors 856, the wireless communication interface 855 may also include a single BB processor 856.

[0122] Connection interface 857 is an interface for connecting base station device 850 (wireless communication interface 855) to RRH 860. Connection interface 857 can also be a communication module for connecting base station device 850 (wireless communication interface 855) to the aforementioned high-speed line of RRH 860.

[0123] The RRH 860 includes a connectivity interface 861 and a wireless communication interface 863.

[0124] Connection interface 861 is an interface for connecting RRH 860 (wireless communication interface 863) to base station equipment 850. Connection interface 861 can also be a communication module for communication in the aforementioned high-speed line.

[0125] Wireless communication interface 863 transmits and receives wireless signals via antenna 840. Wireless communication interface 863 typically includes, for example, RF circuitry 864. RF circuitry 864 may include, for example, mixers, filters, and amplifiers, and transmits and receives wireless signals via antenna 840. As shown in FIG10, wireless communication interface 863 may include multiple RF circuits 864. For example, multiple RF circuits 864 may support multiple antenna elements. Although FIG10 shows an example in which wireless communication interface 863 includes multiple RF circuits 864, wireless communication interface 863 may also include a single RF circuit 864.

[0126] When the electronic device 300 is implemented as the eNB 830 shown in FIG. 10, its transceiver can be implemented by the wireless communication interface 855. At least a portion of the functionality can also be implemented by the controller 851. For example, the controller 851 can predict access points using a pre-trained predetermined model by executing the functions of the units in the electronic device 300.

[0127] [Application examples related to user equipment]

[0128] (First application example)

[0129] Figure 11 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a smartphone 900 to which the technology of this disclosure can be applied. The smartphone 900 includes a processor 901, a memory 902, a storage device 903, an external connection interface 904, a camera device 906, a sensor 907, a microphone 908, an input device 909, a display device 910, a speaker 911, a wireless communication interface 912, one or more antenna switches 915, one or more antennas 916, a bus 917, a battery 918, and an auxiliary controller 919.

[0130] The processor 901 can be, for example, a CPU or a system-on-a-chip (SoC), and controls the application layer and other functions of the smartphone 900. The memory 902 includes RAM and ROM, and stores data and programs executed by the processor 901. The storage device 903 can include storage media such as semiconductor memory and hard disks. The external connectivity interface 904 is an interface for connecting external devices, such as memory cards and Universal Serial Bus (USB) devices, to the smartphone 900.

[0131] The camera device 906 includes an image sensor (such as a charge-coupled device (CCD) and complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS)) and generates captured images. The sensor 907 may include a set of sensors, such as a measurement sensor, a gyroscope sensor, a magnetometer sensor, and an accelerometer sensor. The microphone 908 converts sound input to the smartphone 900 into an audio signal. The input device 909 includes, for example, a touch sensor, keypad, keyboard, buttons, or switches configured to detect touches on the screen of the display device 910 and receives operations or information input from the user. The display device 910 includes a screen (such as a liquid crystal display (LCD) and an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display) and displays the output image of the smartphone 900. The speaker 911 converts the audio signal output from the smartphone 900 into sound.

[0132] The wireless communication interface 912 supports any cellular communication scheme (such as LTE and LTE-Advanced) and performs wireless communication. The wireless communication interface 912 typically includes, for example, a BB processor 913 and RF circuitry 914. The BB processor 913 can perform, for example, encoding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, and multiplexing / demultiplexing, and performs various types of signal processing for wireless communication. Meanwhile, the RF circuitry 914 can include, for example, mixers, filters, and amplifiers, and transmits and receives wireless signals via antenna 916. Note that although the figure shows a scenario where one RF link is connected to one antenna, this is only illustrative; scenarios where one RF link is connected to multiple antennas via multiple phase shifters are also included. The wireless communication interface 912 can be a single chip module on which the BB processor 913 and RF circuitry 914 are integrated. As shown in Figure 11, the wireless communication interface 912 can include multiple BB processors 913 and multiple RF circuits 914. Although Figure 11 shows an example where the wireless communication interface 912 includes multiple BB processors 913 and multiple RF circuits 914, the wireless communication interface 912 can also include a single BB processor 913 or a single RF circuitry 914.

[0133] In addition to cellular communication schemes, the wireless communication interface 912 can support other types of wireless communication schemes, such as short-range wireless communication schemes, near-field communication schemes, and wireless local area network (LAN) schemes. In this case, the wireless communication interface 912 may include a BB processor 913 and RF circuitry 914 for each wireless communication scheme.

[0134] Each of the antenna switches 915 switches the connection destination of the antenna 916 among multiple circuits (e.g., circuits for different wireless communication schemes) included in the wireless communication interface 912.

[0135] Each of the antennas 916 includes one or more antenna elements (such as multiple antenna elements included in a MIMO antenna) and is used for transmitting and receiving wireless signals through the wireless communication interface 912. As shown in Figure 11, the smartphone 900 may include multiple antennas 916. Although Figure 11 shows an example in which the smartphone 900 includes multiple antennas 916, the smartphone 900 may also include a single antenna 916.

[0136] Furthermore, the smartphone 900 may include an antenna 916 for each wireless communication scheme. In this case, the antenna switch 915 can be omitted from the configuration of the smartphone 900.

[0137] Bus 917 connects the processor 901, memory 902, storage device 903, external connection interface 904, camera device 906, sensor 907, microphone 908, input device 909, display device 910, speaker 911, wireless communication interface 912, and auxiliary controller 919 to each other. Battery 918 supplies power to the various blocks of the smartphone 900 shown in FIG11 via feeders, which are partially shown as dashed lines in the figure. Auxiliary controller 919 operates the minimum necessary functions of smartphone 900, for example, in sleep mode.

[0138] When the electronic device 400 is implemented, for example, as a smartphone on the user equipment side, such as the smartphone 900 shown in FIG. 11, the transceiver of the electronic device 400 can be implemented by the wireless communication interface 912. At least a portion of the functionality can also be implemented by the processor 901 or the auxiliary controller 919. For example, the processor 901 or the auxiliary controller 919 predicts the access point using a pre-trained predetermined model by executing the functions of the units in the electronic device 400 described above.

[0139] (Second application example)

[0140] Figure 12 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a car navigation device 920 to which the technology of this disclosure can be applied. The car navigation device 920 includes a processor 921, a memory 922, a Global Positioning System (GPS) module 924, a sensor 925, a data interface 926, a content player 927, a storage medium interface 928, an input device 929, a display device 930, a speaker 931, a wireless communication interface 933, one or more antenna switches 936, one or more antennas 937, and a battery 938.

[0141] The processor 921 can be, for example, a CPU or a SoC, and controls the navigation functions and other functions of the car navigation device 920. The memory 922 includes RAM and ROM, and stores data and programs executed by the processor 921.

[0142] GPS module 924 uses GPS signals received from GPS satellites to measure the location (such as latitude, longitude, and altitude) of car navigation device 920. Sensor 925 may include a set of sensors, such as a gyroscope sensor, a geomagnetic sensor, and an air pressure sensor. Data interface 926 is connected to, for example, an in-vehicle network 941 via a terminal not shown, and acquires data generated by the vehicle (such as vehicle speed data).

[0143] Content player 927 reproduces content stored on storage media (such as CDs and DVDs), which is inserted into storage media interface 928. Input device 929 includes, for example, a touch sensor, button, or switch configured to detect touch on the screen of display device 930, and receives operations or information input from the user. Display device 930 includes a screen such as an LCD or OLED display and displays images or reproduced content for navigation functions. Speaker 931 outputs sound for navigation functions or reproduced content.

[0144] The wireless communication interface 933 supports any cellular communication scheme (such as LTE and LTE-Advanced) and performs wireless communication. The wireless communication interface 933 typically includes, for example, a BB processor 934 and RF circuitry 935. The BB processor 934 can perform, for example, encoding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, and multiplexing / demultiplexing, and performs various types of signal processing for wireless communication. Meanwhile, the RF circuitry 935 can include, for example, mixers, filters, and amplifiers, and transmits and receives wireless signals via antenna 937. The wireless communication interface 933 can also be a chip module on which the BB processor 934 and RF circuitry 935 are integrated. As shown in Figure 12, the wireless communication interface 933 can include multiple BB processors 934 and multiple RF circuits 935. Although Figure 12 shows an example where the wireless communication interface 933 includes multiple BB processors 934 and multiple RF circuits 935, the wireless communication interface 933 can also include a single BB processor 934 or a single RF circuitry 935.

[0145] In addition to cellular communication schemes, the wireless communication interface 933 can support other types of wireless communication schemes, such as short-range wireless communication schemes, near-field communication schemes, and wireless LAN schemes. In this case, for each wireless communication scheme, the wireless communication interface 933 may include a BB processor 934 and an RF circuit 935.

[0146] Each of the antenna switches 936 switches the connection destination of the antenna 937 among multiple circuits (such as circuits for different wireless communication schemes) included in the wireless communication interface 933.

[0147] Each of the antennas 937 includes one or more antenna elements (such as multiple antenna elements included in a MIMO antenna) and is used for transmitting and receiving wireless signals through the wireless communication interface 933. As shown in Figure 12, the car navigation device 920 may include multiple antennas 937. Although Figure 12 shows an example in which the car navigation device 920 includes multiple antennas 937, the car navigation device 920 may also include a single antenna 937.

[0148] Furthermore, the car navigation device 920 may include an antenna 937 for each wireless communication scheme. In this case, the antenna switch 936 can be omitted from the configuration of the car navigation device 920.

[0149] Battery 938 supplies power to the various blocks of the car navigation device 920 shown in Figure 12 via feeders, which are partially shown as dashed lines in the figure. Battery 938 accumulates the power supplied from the vehicle.

[0150] When the electronic device 400 is implemented, for example, as a car navigation device on the user equipment side, such as the car navigation device 920 shown in FIG12, the transceiver of the electronic device 400 can be implemented by the wireless communication interface 933. At least a portion of the functionality can also be implemented by the processor 921. For example, the processor 921 predicts access points using a pre-trained predetermined model by executing the functions of the units in the electronic device 400 described above.

[0151] The technology disclosed herein can also be implemented as an in-vehicle system (or vehicle) 940 comprising one or more of the following blocks: a car navigation device 920, an in-vehicle network 941, and a vehicle module 942. The vehicle module 942 generates vehicle data (such as vehicle speed, engine speed, and fault information) and outputs the generated data to the in-vehicle network 941.

[0152] The basic principles of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, it should be noted that those skilled in the art will understand that all or any step or component of the method and apparatus of the present invention can be implemented in any computing device (including processors, storage media, etc.) or network of computing devices, in the form of hardware, firmware, software or a combination thereof. This can be achieved by those skilled in the art using their basic circuit design knowledge or basic programming skills after reading the description of the present invention.

[0153] Furthermore, this invention also proposes a program product storing machine-readable instruction code. When the instruction code is read and executed by a machine, the method described above according to embodiments of the present invention can be performed.

[0154] Accordingly, the storage medium used to carry the program product storing the machine-readable instruction code is also included in the disclosure of this invention. Storage media include, but are not limited to, floppy disks, optical disks, magneto-optical disks, memory cards, memory sticks, etc.

[0155] When the present invention is implemented by software or firmware, the program constituting the software is installed from a storage medium or network onto a computer with a dedicated hardware structure (e.g., the general-purpose computer 1300 shown in FIG13), which is capable of performing various functions when various programs are installed.

[0156] In Figure 13, the Central Processing Unit (CPU) 1301 executes various processes based on programs stored in the Read-Only Memory (ROM) 1302 or programs loaded into the Random Access Memory (RAM) 1303 from the Storage Section 1308. The RAM 1303 also stores data required as needed when the CPU 1301 executes various processes, etc. The CPU 1301, ROM 1302, and RAM 1303 are connected to each other via a bus 1304. An input / output interface 1305 is also connected to the bus 1304.

[0157] The following components are connected to the input / output interface 1305: input section 1306 (including keyboard, mouse, etc.), output section 1307 (including monitor, such as cathode ray tube (CRT), liquid crystal display (LCD), etc., and speakers, etc.), storage section 1308 (including hard disk, etc.), and communication section 1309 (including network interface card, such as LAN card, modem, etc.). The communication section 1309 performs communication processing via a network, such as the Internet. If necessary, a drive 1310 may also be connected to the input / output interface 1305. Removable media 1311, such as disk, optical disk, magneto-optical disk, semiconductor memory, etc., are installed on the drive 1310 as needed, so that computer programs read from them can be installed into the storage section 1308 as needed.

[0158] When the above series of processes are implemented by software, the program constituting the software is installed from a network such as the Internet or a storage medium such as removable media 1311.

[0159] Those skilled in the art will understand that such storage media are not limited to the removable medium 1311 shown in FIG. 13, which stores programs and is distributed separately from the device to provide programs to users. Examples of removable media 1311 include magnetic disks (including floppy disks (registered trademark)), optical disks (including optical disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) and digital versatile disks (DVD)), magneto-optical disks (including mini-disk (MD) (registered trademark)), and semiconductor memory. Alternatively, the storage medium may be ROM 1302, a hard disk included in storage section 1308, etc., which stores programs and is distributed to users along with the device containing them.

[0160] It should also be noted that in the apparatus, method, and system of the present invention, the components or steps can be decomposed and / or recombined. These decompositions and / or recombinations should be considered equivalent solutions of the present invention. Furthermore, the steps performing the above series of processes can naturally be executed in the order described, but are not necessarily required to be executed in chronological order. Some steps can be performed in parallel or independently of each other.

[0161] Finally, it should be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Furthermore, unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0162] While embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the embodiments described above are merely illustrative and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and alterations to the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is defined only by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0163] This technology can also be implemented as follows. Solution 1. An electronic device for wireless communication, comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory, including computer program code, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured, through the at least one processor, to cause the electronic device to: predict, using a pre-trained predetermined model, based on link information and beam information between a user equipment and multiple access points over a historical time period, at least one candidate access point serving the user equipment in a future time period, and predict first candidate beam information and / or second candidate beam information regarding candidate beams of the user equipment and / or candidate beams of the at least one candidate access point in the future time period. Solution 2. The electronic device according to Solution 1, wherein the link information includes at least one of a channel impulse response (CIR), channel state information (CSI), and a channel matrix estimated based on a reference signal. Solution 3. The electronic device according to Solution 1 or 2, wherein the beam information includes at least one of a reference signal received power (RSRP) and a signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) obtained by measuring a reference signal, and a corresponding beam ID. Option 4. An electronic device according to any one of Options 1 to 3, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured, through the at least one processor, to cause the electronic device to: predict the at least one candidate access point based on mobility information related to the mobility of the user equipment, and predict the first candidate beam information and / or the second candidate beam information. Option 5. An electronic device according to Option 4, wherein the mobility information includes trajectory information and / or mobility speed of the user equipment. Option 6. An electronic device according to any one of Options 1 to 5, wherein the second candidate beam information includes joint beamforming information related to the at least one candidate access point or beam information respectively corresponding to the at least one candidate access point. Option 7. An electronic device according to any one of Options 1 to 6, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured, through the at least one processor, to cause the electronic device to: obtain the link information from the plurality of access points when the access point is used to assist uplink transmission, and obtain the link information from the user equipment when the access point is used to assist downlink transmission. Option 8. An electronic device according to any one of Options 1 to 7, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, through the at least one processor, cause the electronic device to perform: when performing model monitoring on the predetermined model: when the access point is used to assist uplink transmission, obtaining measurement data for the model monitoring from the plurality of access points, and when the access point is used to assist downlink transmission, obtaining measurement data for the model monitoring from the user equipment.Scheme 9. An electronic device for wireless communication, comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured, through the at least one processor, to cause the electronic device to: predict at least one candidate access point serving the electronic device in a future time period, based on link information and beam information between the electronic device and a plurality of access points in a historical time period, using a pre-trained predetermined model, and predict first candidate beam information and / or second candidate beam information regarding candidate beams of the electronic device and the at least one candidate access point in the future time period. Scheme 10. The electronic device of Scheme 9, wherein the link information includes at least one of a channel impulse response (CIR), channel state information (CSI), and a channel matrix estimated based on a reference signal. Scheme 11. The electronic device of Scheme 9 or 10, wherein the beam information includes at least one of a reference signal received power (RSRP) and a signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) obtained by measuring a reference signal, and a corresponding beam ID. Option 12. An electronic device according to any one of Options 9 to 11, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured, through the at least one processor, to cause the electronic device to: predict the at least one candidate access point based on mobility information related to the mobility of the electronic device, and predict the first candidate beam information and / or the second candidate beam information. Option 13. The electronic device according to Option 12, wherein the mobility information includes trajectory information and / or mobility speed of the electronic device. Option 14. An electronic device according to any one of Options 9 to 13, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured, through the at least one processor, to cause the electronic device to: receive from a network-side device at least a portion of a complete set of access points including all access points capable of serving the electronic device, wherein the at least one candidate access point is included in the at least a portion of the complete set of access points. Option 15. An electronic device according to any one of Options 9 to 14, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured, via the at least one processor, to cause the electronic device to perform: when an access point is used to assist uplink transmission, sending at least one of the following to the plurality of access points: a request to collect the link information, an instruction to start the collection, and an instruction to end the collection.Scheme 16. An electronic device for wireless communication, comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured, through the at least one processor, to cause the electronic device to: predict, using a pre-trained predetermined model, based on link information and beam information between the electronic device and a plurality of user devices over a historical time period, and interference information between the electronic device and other electronic devices, at least one candidate user device for which the electronic device can provide service in a future time period, and / or predict first candidate beam information and / or second candidate beam information for candidate beams of the at least one candidate user device in the future time period. Scheme 17. The electronic device of Scheme 16, wherein the link information includes at least one of channel impulse response (CIR), channel state information (CSI), and channel matrix estimated based on a reference signal. Scheme 18. The electronic device of Scheme 16 or 17, wherein the beam information includes at least one of reference signal received power (RSRP) and signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) obtained by measuring a reference signal, and a corresponding beam ID. Option 19. An electronic device according to any one of Options 16 to 18, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured, through the at least one processor, to cause the electronic device to: predict the at least one candidate user equipment based on mobility information related to the mobility of the user equipment, and / or predict the first candidate beam information and / or the second candidate beam information. Option 20. The electronic device according to Option 19, wherein the mobility information includes trajectory information and / or mobility speed of the user equipment. Option 21. An electronic device according to any one of Options 16 to 20, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured, through the at least one processor, to cause the electronic device to: receive from a network-side device and / or other electronic device at least a portion of a complete set of user equipment including all user equipment for which the electronic device can provide services, wherein the at least one candidate user equipment is included in the at least portion of the complete set of user equipment. Option 22. An electronic device according to any one of Options 16 to 21, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, through the at least one processor, cause the electronic device to: select a predetermined number of candidate user devices from the at least one candidate user devices based on service priority when it is determined that the at least one candidate user device cannot be served simultaneously.Option 23. An electronic device according to any one of Options 16 to 21, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured, through the at least one processor, to cause the electronic device to perform: when it is determined that the at least one candidate user equipment cannot be served simultaneously, selecting a predetermined number of candidate user equipments based on link information with the at least one candidate user equipment. Option 24. An electronic device according to any one of Options 16 to 23, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured, through the at least one processor, to cause the electronic device to perform: when the electronic device is used for auxiliary downlink transmission, sending at least one of a request to collect the link information, an instruction to start the collection, and an instruction to end the collection to the plurality of user equipments via one of Radio Resource Control (RRC), Media Access Control (MAC) CE, Downlink Control Information (DCI), and Uplink Control Information (UCI). Solution 25. A method for wireless communication, comprising: using a pre-trained predetermined model, based on link information and beam information between a user equipment and multiple access points within a historical time period, predicting at least one candidate access point serving the user equipment in a future time period, and predicting first candidate beam information related to candidate beams of the user equipment and / or second candidate beam information related to candidate beams of the at least one candidate access point in the future time period. Solution 26. A method for wireless communication, comprising: using a pre-trained predetermined model, based on link information and beam information between an electronic device and multiple access points within a historical time period, predicting at least one candidate access point serving the electronic device in a future time period, and predicting first candidate beam information related to candidate beams of the electronic device and / or second candidate beam information related to candidate beams of the at least one candidate access point in the future time period. Solution 27. A method for wireless communication, comprising: using a pre-trained predetermined model, based on link information and beam information between an electronic device and a plurality of user devices over a historical time period, and interference information between the electronic device and other electronic devices, predicting at least one candidate user device for which the electronic device can provide services in a future time period, and / or predicting first candidate beam information and / or second candidate beam information for candidate beams of the at least one candidate user device in the future time period. Solution 28. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed, perform the method according to any one of Solutions 25 to 27.

Claims

1. An electronic device for wireless communication, comprising: At least one processor; and At least one memory, including computer program code, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to cause the electronic device to execute via the at least one processor: Using a pre-trained predetermined model, based on link information and beam information between a user equipment and multiple access points within a historical time period, the system predicts at least one candidate access point serving the user equipment in a future time period, and predicts first candidate beam information for candidate beams of the user equipment and / or second candidate beam information for candidate beams of the at least one candidate access point in the future time period.

2. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein, The link information includes at least one of the following: channel impulse response (CIR) estimated based on a reference signal, channel state information (CSI), and channel matrix.

3. The electronic device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The beam information includes at least one of the reference signal received power (RSRP) and signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) obtained by measuring the reference signal, as well as the corresponding beam ID.

4. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to cause the electronic device to execute, via the at least one processor: Furthermore, based on mobility information related to the mobility of the user equipment, the at least one candidate access point is predicted, as well as the first candidate beam information and / or the second candidate beam information are predicted.

5. The electronic device according to claim 4, wherein, The mobility information includes the trajectory information and / or mobility speed of the user equipment.

6. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The second candidate beam information includes joint beamforming information about the at least one candidate access point or beam information corresponding to each of the at least one candidate access point.

7. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, The at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to cause the electronic device to execute, via the at least one processor: When an access point is used to assist uplink transmission, the link information is obtained from the plurality of access points, and When the access point is used to assist downlink transmission, the link information is obtained from the user equipment.

8. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, The at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to cause the electronic device to execute, via the at least one processor: When performing model monitoring on the predetermined model: When access points are used to assist uplink transmission, measurement data for model monitoring is obtained from the plurality of access points, and When the access point is used to assist downlink transmission, measurement data for model monitoring is obtained from the user equipment.

9. An electronic device for wireless communication, comprising: At least one processor; and At least one memory, including computer program code, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to cause the electronic device to execute via the at least one processor: Using a pre-trained predetermined model, based on link information and beam information between the electronic device and multiple access points within a historical time period, predict at least one candidate access point serving the electronic device in a future time period, and predict first candidate beam information and / or second candidate beam information regarding the candidate beams of the electronic device and the candidate beams of the at least one candidate access point in the future time period.

10. The electronic device according to claim 9, wherein, The link information includes at least one of the following: channel impulse response (CIR) estimated based on a reference signal, channel state information (CSI), and channel matrix.

11. The electronic device according to claim 9 or 10, wherein, The beam information includes at least one of the reference signal received power (RSRP) and signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) obtained by measuring the reference signal, as well as the corresponding beam ID.

12. The electronic device according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein, The at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to cause the electronic device to execute, via the at least one processor: Furthermore, based on mobility information related to the movement of the electronic device, the at least one candidate access point is predicted, as well as the first candidate beam information and / or the second candidate beam information are predicted.

13. The electronic device according to claim 12, wherein, The movement information includes the trajectory information and / or movement speed of the electronic device.

14. The electronic device according to any one of claims 9 to 13, wherein, The at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to cause the electronic device to execute, via the at least one processor: Receive from the network-side device at least a portion of the complete set of access points, including all access points capable of serving the electronic device. Wherein, the at least one candidate access point is included in the at least part of the complete set of access points.

15. The electronic device according to any one of claims 9 to 14, wherein, The at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to cause the electronic device to execute, via the at least one processor: When an access point is used to assist uplink transmission, at least one of the following is sent to the plurality of access points via Radio Resource Control (RRC), Media Access Control (MAC) Control Element (CE), Downlink Control Information (DCI), and Uplink Control Information (UCI): a request to collect the link information, an instruction to start the collection, and an instruction to end the collection.

16. An electronic device for wireless communication, comprising: At least one processor; and At least one memory, including computer program code, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to cause the electronic device to execute via the at least one processor: Using a pre-trained predetermined model, based on link and beam information between the electronic device and multiple user devices in a historical time period, and interference information between the electronic device and other electronic devices, the system predicts at least one candidate user device that the electronic device can provide services to in a future time period, and / or predicts first candidate beam information and / or second candidate beam information of the candidate beams of the at least one candidate user device in the future time period.

17. The electronic device according to claim 16, wherein, The link information includes at least one of the following: channel impulse response (CIR) estimated based on a reference signal, channel state information (CSI), and channel matrix.

18. The electronic device according to claim 16 or 17, wherein, The beam information includes at least one of the reference signal received power (RSRP) and signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) obtained by measuring the reference signal, as well as the corresponding beam ID.

19. The electronic device according to any one of claims 16 to 18, wherein, The at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to cause the electronic device to execute, via the at least one processor: Furthermore, based on mobility information related to the movement of user equipment, the at least one candidate user equipment is predicted, and / or the first candidate beam information and / or the second candidate beam information are predicted.

20. The electronic device according to claim 19, wherein, The mobility information includes the user equipment's trajectory information and / or mobility speed.

21. The electronic device according to any one of claims 16 to 20, wherein, The at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to cause the electronic device to execute, via the at least one processor: Receive from network-side devices and / or other electronic devices at least a portion of the complete set of user devices, including all user devices for which the electronic device can provide services. The at least one candidate user equipment is included in the at least part of the complete set of user equipment.

22. The electronic device according to any one of claims 16 to 21, wherein, The at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to cause the electronic device to execute, via the at least one processor: If it is determined that the at least one candidate user equipment cannot be served simultaneously, a predetermined number of candidate user equipments are selected from the at least one candidate user equipment based on the priority of the service.

23. The electronic device according to any one of claims 16 to 21, wherein, The at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to cause the electronic device to execute, via the at least one processor: If it is determined that the at least one candidate user equipment cannot be served simultaneously, a predetermined number of candidate user equipments are selected based on the link information between the at least one candidate user equipment.

24. The electronic device according to any one of claims 16 to 23, wherein, The at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to cause the electronic device to execute, via the at least one processor: When the electronic device is used to assist downlink transmission, it sends at least one of the following to the plurality of user equipments via Radio Resource Control (RRC), Media Access Control (MAC) CE, Downlink Control Information (DCI), and Uplink Control Information (UCI): a request to collect the link information, an instruction to start the collection, and an instruction to end the collection.

25. A method for wireless communication, comprising: Using a pre-trained predetermined model, based on link information and beam information between a user equipment and multiple access points within a historical time period, the system predicts at least one candidate access point serving the user equipment in a future time period, and predicts first candidate beam information for candidate beams of the user equipment and / or second candidate beam information for candidate beams of the at least one candidate access point in the future time period.

26. A method for wireless communication, comprising: Using a pre-trained predetermined model, based on link information and beam information between an electronic device and multiple access points within a historical time period, predict at least one candidate access point serving the electronic device in a future time period, and predict first candidate beam information and / or second candidate beam information regarding the candidate beams of the electronic device and the candidate beams of the at least one candidate access point in the future time period.

27. A method for wireless communication, comprising: Using a pre-trained predetermined model, based on link and beam information between the electronic device and multiple user devices in a historical time period, and interference information between the electronic device and other electronic devices, the system predicts at least one candidate user device that the electronic device can provide services to in a future time period, and / or predicts first candidate beam information and / or second candidate beam information of the candidate beams of the at least one candidate user device in the future time period.

28. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer-executable instructions that, when executed, perform the method according to any one of claims 25 to 27.

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