Resource indication method and apparatus, aiot device, reader device, and medium

Abstract

The present application provides a resource indication method and apparatus, an AIoT device, a reader device, and a medium. The method comprises: the AIoT device receives resource indication information sent by the reader device, wherein the resource indication information is used for indicating a resource set of resources used by the AIoT device to send first information to the reader device, and the resource set comprises at least one random access resource. By means of the method, an AIoT device can obtain a random access resource for sending first information to a reader device.

Description

Resource indication methods, devices, AIoT devices, reader devices, and media

[0001] Related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application filed on February 7, 2025, with application number 2025101372353, entitled "Resource Indication Method, Apparatus, AIoT Device, Reader Device and Medium", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of Internet of Things (IoT) technology, and in particular to a resource indication method, apparatus, AIoT device, reader device, and medium. Background Technology

[0004] Currently, many practical applications require the use of Ambient Internet of Things (AIoT) systems. For example, in industrial settings, AIoT systems can be used to inventory products in warehouses.

[0005] However, how to obtain random access resources for AIoT devices when they randomly connect to readers in an AIoT system remains to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a resource indication method, apparatus, AIoT device, reader device, and medium.

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a resource indication method. The method is used in AIoT devices and includes:

[0008] Receive resource indication information sent by the reader device;

[0009] The resource indication information is used to indicate the resource set of resources used by the AIoT device to send the first information to the reader device, and the resource set includes at least one random access resource.

[0010] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a resource indication method. The method is used in a reader device and includes:

[0011] Resource indication information sent to AIoT devices;

[0012] The resource indication information is used to indicate the resource set of resources used by the AIoT device to send the first information to the reader device, and the resource set includes at least one random access resource.

[0013] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a resource indication device. The resource indication device is used in an AIoT device, and the device includes:

[0014] The receiving module is used to receive resource indication information sent by the reader device;

[0015] The resource indication information is used to indicate the resource set of resources used by the AIoT device to send the first information to the reader device, and the resource set includes at least one random access resource.

[0016] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a resource indication device. The resource indication device is used in a reader device, and the device includes:

[0017] The sending module is used to send resource indication information to AIoT devices;

[0018] The resource indication information is used to indicate the resource set of resources used by the AIoT device to send the first information to the reader device, and the resource set includes at least one random access resource.

[0019] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide an AIoT device. The AIoT device includes a memory, a transceiver, and a processor.

[0020] A memory for storing computer programs; a transceiver for sending and receiving data under the control of the processor; and a processor for reading the computer programs from the memory and performing the following operations:

[0021] Control the transceiver to receive resource indication information sent by the reader device;

[0022] The resource indication information is used to indicate the resource set of resources used by the AIoT device to send the first information to the reader device, and the resource set includes at least one random access resource.

[0023] Sixthly, embodiments of this application provide a reader device. The reader device includes a memory, a transceiver, and a processor.

[0024] A memory for storing computer programs; a transceiver for sending and receiving data under the control of the processor; and a processor for reading the computer programs from the memory and performing the following operations:

[0025] Control the transceiver to send resource indication information to the AIoT device;

[0026] The resource indication information is used to indicate the resource set of resources used by the AIoT device to send the first information to the reader device, and the resource set includes at least one random access resource.

[0027] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this application provide a chip. The chip includes programmable logic circuitry and / or program instructions, which, when executed, implement the steps of the method described in the first or second aspect above.

[0028] Eighthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described in the first or second aspect above.

[0029] Ninthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product. The computer program product includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described in the first or second aspect above.

[0030] The aforementioned resource indication method, apparatus, AIoT device, reader device, and medium allow the AIoT device to receive resource indication information sent by the reader device. This resource indication information indicates a resource set used by the AIoT device to send first information to the reader device. This resource set includes at least one random access resource. Thus, the reader device can indicate the resource set to the AIoT device, and the AIoT device can determine the random access resource in the resource set used to send the first information and send the first information to the reader device on that random access resource. For example, the first information is Msg1 (Message1) in the CBRA mode or the first D2R information in the CFRA mode (the first D2R information carries the device identifier of the AIoT device). In other words, the AIoT device can obtain the random access resource in the resource set used to send the first information to the reader device. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the published drawings without creative effort.

[0032] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the topology of an AIoT system;

[0033] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the topology of another AIoT system;

[0034] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the topology of another AIoT system;

[0035] Figure 4 is a flowchart illustrating the resource indication method in some embodiments;

[0036] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a time-domain resource in some other embodiments;

[0037] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of three time-domain resources in some other embodiments;

[0038] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of three time-domain resources in some other embodiments;

[0039] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of three time-domain resources in some other embodiments;

[0040] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a frequency domain resource in some other embodiments;

[0041] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a frequency domain resource in some other embodiments;

[0042] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of three frequency domain resources in some other embodiments;

[0043] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of four frequency domain resources in some other embodiments;

[0044] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of three frequency domain resources in some other embodiments;

[0045] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of four frequency domain resources in some other embodiments;

[0046] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the time-domain resources for three-step CBRA and two-step CBRA in other embodiments;

[0047] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the time-domain resources for three-step CBRA and two-step CBRA in other embodiments;

[0048] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the time-domain resources for three-step CBRA and two-step CBRA in other embodiments;

[0049] Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the time-domain resources for three-step CBRA and two-step CBRA in other embodiments;

[0050] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the time-domain resources for three-step CBRA and two-step CBRA in other embodiments;

[0051] Figure 20 is a flowchart illustrating the resource indication method in some other embodiments;

[0052] Figure 21 is a structural block diagram of the resource indicator device in some embodiments;

[0053] Figure 22 is a structural block diagram of the resource indicator device in some other embodiments;

[0054] Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of the structure of AIoT devices in some embodiments;

[0055] Figure 24 is a schematic diagram of the reader device in some embodiments;

[0056] Figure 25 is a schematic diagram of the chip structure in some embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0057] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0058] In the embodiments of this application, the term "and / or" describes the relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following associated objects have an "or" relationship.

[0059] In the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more, and other quantifiers are similar.

[0060] Currently, many practical applications require the use of Ambient Internet of Things (AIoT) systems. For example, in industrial settings, AIoT systems can be used to inventory products in warehouses.

[0061] First, we introduce several exemplary topologies supported or potentially supported by the AIoT system in this application embodiment. See Figures 1 to 3, which respectively show the topologies of three AIoT systems.

[0062] In topology 1 shown in Figure 1, base station 200 communicates directly with AIoT device 100. In topology 2 shown in Figure 2, base station 200 communicates with AIoT device 100 through relay node 300, which is, for example, a terminal. In topology 3 shown in Figure 3, terminal 400 communicates directly with AIoT device 100.

[0063] In this topology, the link through which AIoT device 100 receives information from base station 200 / relay node 300 / terminal 400 is a downlink R2D (Reader to Device) link, and the link through which AIoT device 100 sends information to base station 200 / relay node 300 / terminal 400 is an uplink D2R (Device to Reader) link. In topology 1 shown in Figure 1, the AIoT device 100 sends D2R information, and the base station 200 receives D2R information. In topology 2 shown in Figure 2, the AIoT device 100 sends D2R information, and the relay node 300 receives D2R information. In topology 3 shown in Figure 3, the AIoT device 100 sends D2R information, and the terminal 400 receives D2R information.

[0064] Assume that the AIoT system supports both Contention Based Random Access (CBRA) and Contention Free Random Access (CFRA). CBRA can include a three-step CBRA method and a two-step CBRA method.

[0065] The following is an exemplary description of the signaling interaction process between AIoT devices and reader devices (base stations or terminals) in the three random access methods mentioned above.

[0066] 1) Three-step CBRA method:

[0067] Msg1 (Message 1): Multiple AIoT devices compete to send Msg1 to the reader device. Msg1 carries a random ID (Identity) generated by the AIoT device. The data size of the random ID can be 16 bits.

[0068] Msg2 (Message 2): The reader device sends Msg2 to each AIoT device. Msg2 carries the random ID carried in the reader device's response Msg1 (e.g., referred to as the target random ID for distinction).

[0069] Msg3 (Message 3): The target AIoT device corresponding to the target random ID sends Msg3 to the reader device. Msg3 carries the device ID of the target AIoT device. In some embodiments, Msg3 may also carry other data required by higher layers. The device ID data size may be 128 bits.

[0070] 2) Two-step CBRA method:

[0071] Msg1: Multiple AIoT devices compete to send Msg1 to the reader device. Msg1 carries the device ID of the AIoT devices. In some embodiments, Msg1 may also carry other data required by higher layers.

[0072] Msg2: The reader device sends Msg2 to the target AIoT device. The target AIoT device is the AIoT device corresponding to the random ID carried in the reader device's response Msg1. Msg2 carries some information obtained by the reader device from the response Msg1.

[0073] 3) CFRA method:

[0074] The AIoT device sends D2R information to the reader device. The D2R information carries the device ID of the AIoT device. In some embodiments, the D2R information may also carry other data required by higher layers.

[0075] When using the three-step CBRA method, after the reader device sends Msg0 (Paging) signaling to the AIoT device, the AIoT device needs to report a 16-bit random number, i.e., the aforementioned random ID, via Msg1. When using the two-step CBRA method, after the reader device sends Paging signaling to the AIoT device, the AIoT device needs to report at least its device ID via Msg1, which may be 128 bits. The content transmitted by Msg1 differs between the two CBRA methods, and the requirements for the size of random access resources also differ.

[0076] When using the CFRA method, after the reader device sends Msg0 (Paging signaling) to the AIoT device, the AIoT device needs to report its device ID through the first D2R information after the Paging signaling.

[0077] Research has revealed that the configuration scheme for random access resources used by AIoT devices to send Msg1 in CBRA mode or to send D2R information (carrying device ID) in CFRA mode has not yet been determined. In other words, how AIoT devices obtain these random access resources remains to be solved.

[0078] In NR (New Radio) systems, base stations configure random access resources for terminals during the Msg1 transmission process via RRC (Radio Resource Control) signaling, and these random access resources are semi-statically configured. However, AIoT devices cannot read RRC signaling, and due to their limited storage capacity, they cannot store the semi-statically configured random access resources used to transmit Msg1 for an extended period. Therefore, the method of configuring random access resources in NR systems is not suitable for AIoT systems.

[0079] This application provides a resource indication method, apparatus, AIoT device, reader device, and medium. The reader device can indicate a resource set to the AIoT device, and the AIoT device can obtain random access resources in the resource set for sending first information (such as Msg1 in CBRA mode) or first D2R information (such as the first D2R information carrying the device ID after the Paging signaling in CFRA mode) to the reader device.

[0080] It should be noted that the beneficial effects or technical problems solved by the embodiments of this application are not limited to this one, but may also be other implicit or related problems. For details, please refer to the description of the embodiments below.

[0081] The technical solution of this application and how the technical solution of this application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments.

[0082] The terminal involved in this application embodiment can be a device that provides voice and / or data connectivity to a user, a handheld device with wireless connectivity, or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem. The name of the terminal may differ in different systems; for example, a terminal may be called UE (User Equipment). The wireless terminal can be a USB storage device, other personal computer memory devices, or a dongle. It can also communicate with one or more core networks (CNs) via a Radio Access Network (RAN). The wireless terminal can be a mobile terminal, such as a mobile phone (or "cellular" phone) and a computer with a mobile terminal, for example, a portable, pocket-sized, handheld, computer-embedded, or vehicle-mounted mobile device that exchanges voice and / or data with the radio access network. Examples of such devices include Personal Communication Service (PCS) phones, cordless phones, Session Initiated Protocol (SIP) phones, Wireless Local Loop (WLL) stations, Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs), personal computers, tablets, and Machine-type Communication (MTC) terminals. Wireless terminals can also be referred to as systems, subscriber units, subscriber stations, mobile stations, mobile devices, remote stations, access points, remote terminals, access terminals, user terminals, user agents, user devices, and wireless access devices and routers / modems that meet the limitations of this definition; however, this application does not limit the scope of the embodiments.

[0083] The base station involved in the embodiments of this application may include multiple cells providing services to terminals. Depending on the specific application, the base station may also be called an access point, or a device in the access network that communicates with wireless terminal devices through one or more sectors on the air interface, or other names. The base station can be used to exchange received air frames with Internet Protocol (IP) packets, and act as a router between the wireless terminal device and the rest of the access network, where the rest of the access network may include the Internet Protocol (IP) communication network. The base station can also coordinate the attribute management of the air interface. For example, the base station involved in the embodiments of this application may be an evolved Node B (eNB or e-NodeB) in a long term evolution (LTE) system, a 5G base station (gNB) in a next generation system, a base station in a 6G or higher system, etc., or it may be a Home evolved Node B (HeNB), a relay node, a femto, a pico, network testing equipment, etc., and is not limited in the embodiments of this application. In some network architectures, base stations may include centralized unit (CU) nodes and distributed unit (DU) nodes, and the centralized unit and distributed unit may also be geographically separated.

[0084] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG4, a resource indication method is provided. Taking the method applied to any of the AIoT devices 100 shown in FIG1-FIG3 as an example, the method includes the following steps 401:

[0085] Step 401: The AIoT device receives resource indication information sent by the reader device.

[0086] Based on their power consumption and whether they have the ability to generate signals independently, AIoT devices are divided into the following three categories:

[0087] 1) Category I AIoT devices:

[0088] The first type of AIoT device has a data transmission and reception power consumption of ≤1μW, has energy storage capability, and its initial sampling frequency deviation is up to 10Xppm. The first type of AIoT device does not integrate downlink amplifiers or uplink amplifiers. The first type of AIoT device does not have the ability to generate signals independently. It uses an externally provided carrier wave signal to backscatter to achieve signal transmission.

[0089] 2) Second category of AIoT devices:

[0090] The data transmission and reception power consumption of the second type of AIoT device is in the hundreds of μW range. The second type of AIoT device has energy storage capabilities, and its initial sampling frequency deviation is up to 10Xppm. The second type of AIoT device integrates a downlink amplifier and / or an uplink amplifier. The second type of AIoT device does not have the ability to generate signals independently. It uses an externally provided carrier signal to perform backscattering to achieve signal transmission.

[0091] 3) Third category of AIoT devices:

[0092] The data transmission and reception power consumption of the third type of AIoT device is in the hundreds of μW level. The third type of AIoT device has energy storage capability, and its initial sampling frequency deviation is up to 10Xppm. The third type of AIoT device integrates a downlink amplifier and / or an uplink amplifier. The third type of AIoT device has the ability to generate signals independently. The uplink transmission signal of the third type of AIoT device can be generated autonomously by the third type of AIoT device.

[0093] In this application embodiment, the AIoT device can be the first type of AIoT device, the second type of AIoT device, or the third type of AIoT device mentioned above. Of course, it can also be other types of AIoT devices. Here, the device type of the AIoT device in this application embodiment is not limited.

[0094] Before initiating random access to a reader device (base station or terminal), the AIoT device receives resource indication information sent by the reader device. This resource indication information is used to instruct the AIoT device to use a set of resources to send the first information to the reader device. This set of resources includes at least one random access resource.

[0095] For example, the first information can be Msg1 in the three-step CBRA method or Msg1 in the two-step CBRA method. For example, the first information can be the first D2R information in the CFRA method. The first D2R information carries the device identifier of the AIoT device, so that the AIoT device can obtain the random access resources in the resource set used to send the first information to the reader device.

[0096] In one possible implementation, resource indication information can be carried in a first signaling message sent by the reader device. After the AIoT device receives the first signaling message sent by the reader device, which includes the resource indication information, the AIoT device can obtain the resource indication information. The first signaling message can be a paging signaling message carried in the PRDCH (Physical Reader to Device Channel) channel between the reader device and the AIoT device. When the AIoT device receives the paging signaling message sent by the reader device, it obtains the resource indication information from the paging signaling message, and then triggers the random access process of the AIoT device based on the random access resources indicated by the resource indication information. The first signaling message can also be other signaling messages that trigger the random access process of the AIoT device.

[0097] In another possible implementation, the resource indication information may not be carried in the first signaling, but may be sent separately by the reader device. Here, the method of carrying the resource indication information is not limited.

[0098] In the AIoT system of this application embodiment, the reader device can indicate the random access method adopted by the AIoT device. For example, the reader device can instruct the AIoT device to use either CBRA or CFRA for random access. Exemplarily, the reader device can indicate the random access method (CBRA or CFRA) adopted by the AIoT device through relevant signaling; alternatively, the reader device can also indicate the random access method adopted by the AIoT device implicitly. For example, the reader device may not directly indicate the random access method adopted by the AIoT device, but the AIoT device can determine that it will use CBRA for random access, and so on.

[0099] Regardless of whether CBRA or CFRA is used for random access, the AIoT device receives resource indication information sent by the reader device before initiating random access.

[0100] For AIoT devices initiating random access using the CBRA method, the reader device sends resource indication information to different AIoT devices within its coverage area. This resource indication information is used to instruct different AIoT devices to use the resource set for competing with the reader device to send the first information using the CBRA method. The resource set includes at least one random access resource, that is, the resource set includes one random access resource, or the resource set includes multiple random access resources.

[0101] In one embodiment of this application, the random access resources included in the resource set indicated by the resource indication information can be used by all AIoT devices that receive the resource indication information to initiate random access. In some embodiments, the resource indication information may not carry the device identifier of any AIoT device; or, neither the resource indication information nor the first signaling carries the device identifier of any AIoT device.

[0102] In another embodiment of this application, the random access resources included in the resource set can be used by a group of AIoT devices to initiate random access. In some embodiments, the resource indication information may carry a group device identifier; or, the resource indication information may not carry a group device identifier, but the first signaling may carry the group device identifier, that is, the resource indication information and the group device identifier are independently carried in the first signaling. There is no specific limitation on whether the group device identifier is included in the resource indication information. The group device identifier corresponds to an AIoT device group, which includes at least one AIoT device. After receiving the first signaling, the AIoT device obtains the group device identifier and determines whether the group device identifier of its AIoT device group is consistent with the obtained group device identifier. If they are consistent, it indicates that the AIoT device can use the random access resources indicated by the resource indication information for random access. The group device identifier of the AIoT device group can be indicated by physical layer control information or by higher layer information.

[0103] The AIoT device selects a random access resource from the resource set indicated by the received resource indication information, and sends a first message to the reader device on the selected random access resource. The first message can be Msg1 in the three-step CBRA method or Msg1 in the two-step CBRA method.

[0104] For AIoT devices that initiate random access using the CFRA method, the reader device sends resource indication information to AIoT devices (or possibly multiple different AIoT devices) within its coverage area. This resource indication information is used to instruct the at least one AIoT device to use the CFRA method to send the first information to the reader device, which includes first D2R information. The resource set includes at least one random access resource.

[0105] In one embodiment of this application, the resource indication information carries a device identifier of an AIoT device. Different device identifiers of AIoT devices correspond to different random access resources. The reader device configures random access resources for sending first information for each AIoT device corresponding to a device identifier. If the resource indication information carries only one device identifier, then the random access resources contained in the resource set can be used by the AIoT device corresponding to the device identifier; if the resource indication information carries multiple device identifiers, the multiple random access resources contained in the resource set are used by different AIoT devices. In some embodiments, the resource indication information can be in the form of a bitmap, where each bit indicates a random access resource.

[0106] On the random access resource indicated by the reader device and corresponding to its device identifier, the AIoT device sends first information to the reader device. The first information includes first D2R information (the first D2R information here can be the first D2R information after the A-IoT device receives the paging message), and the first D2R information carries the device identifier of the AIoT device.

[0107] In the above embodiments, the reader device can indicate a resource set to the AIoT device. When the AIoT device randomly accesses the reader device using the CBRA method, the AIoT device can determine the random access resource in the resource set used to send the first information (Msg1) and send the first information to the reader device on the random access resource. When the AIoT device randomly accesses the reader device using the CFRA method, the AIoT device can determine the random access resource in the resource set used to send the first D2R information. This random access resource is the first D2R resource after the Paging signaling. The AIoT device sends the first D2R information to the reader device on this random access resource. The first D2R information carries the device identifier of the AIoT device, so that the AIoT device can obtain the random access resource used to send the first information or the first D2R information to the reader device.

[0108] In some embodiments of this application, the resource indication information includes time-domain resource indication information and frequency-domain resource indication information. The time-domain resource indication information is used to indicate at least one time-domain resource, and the frequency-domain resource indication information is used to indicate at least one frequency-domain resource. The resource set indicated by the reader device to the AIoT device through the resource indication information is a set of time-frequency domain resources, which includes at least one time-domain resource and at least one frequency-domain resource. The AIoT device can determine the time-domain resource and frequency-domain resource used to transmit the first information based on the resource indication information.

[0109] In other embodiments of this application, the resource indication information includes time-domain resource indication information, which indicates at least one time-domain resource. The resource set indicated by the reader device to the AIoT device through the resource indication information is a set of time-domain resources, which includes at least one time-domain resource. In this case, the frequency-domain resources can be predefined by the protocol. The AIoT device can determine the time-domain resources used to transmit the first information based on the resource indication information, and use the time-domain resources and the protocol-predefined frequency-domain resources to transmit the first information.

[0110] The following sections provide exemplary descriptions of time-domain resource indication information and frequency-domain resource indication information.

[0111] 1. Time-domain resource indication information.

[0112] In one possible implementation, the time-domain resource indication information includes at least one of the following: time-domain start position; time-domain duration; total time-domain duration of at least one time-domain resource; and number of time-domain resources.

[0113] Wherein, at least one time-domain resource refers to one or more time-domain resources indicated by the time-domain resource indication information. The time-domain start position includes the time-domain start position of the first time-domain resource among the at least one time-domain resources, or includes the time-domain start positions of each time-domain resource among the at least one time-domain resources. The time-domain duration of each time-domain resource among the at least one time-domain resources is the same.

[0114] Regarding the time-domain start position, if the time-domain resource indication information indicates that at least one time-domain resource is a time-domain resource, then the time-domain start position is the time-domain start position of that time-domain resource, and the time-domain start position of that time-domain resource represents the starting time position of that time-domain resource in the time domain.

[0115] In cases where at least one time-domain resource is multiple time-domain resources, in some embodiments, the time-domain start position includes the time-domain start position of the first time-domain resource among the at least one time-domain resources. The first time-domain resource is the time-domain resource with the earliest start time among the multiple time-domain resources, and the time-domain start position of the first time-domain resource represents the start time position of the time-domain resource with the earliest start time. In some embodiments, the time-domain start position includes the time-domain start positions of each of the at least one time-domain resources. For example, if the multiple time-domain resources are three time-domain resources, then the time-domain start position includes the time-domain start position s1 of the first time-domain resource (i.e., the start time position of the first time-domain resource in the time domain), the time-domain start position s2 of the second time-domain resource (i.e., the start time position of the second time-domain resource in the time domain), and the time-domain start position s3 of the third time-domain resource (i.e., the start time position of the third time-domain resource in the time domain).

[0116] In some embodiments, the time-domain start position can be aligned with a first boundary, which can be a subframe boundary, a time slot boundary, a mini-slot boundary, or a symbol boundary. The granularity of the first boundary can be indicated by the reader device in the time-domain resource indication information, or it can be predefined by the protocol.

[0117] In this embodiment of the application, when the start position in the time domain is aligned with the first boundary, the end position in the time domain corresponding to the start position in the time domain is aligned with the second boundary. The second boundary has the same time domain granularity as the first boundary. That is, when the first boundary is a subframe boundary, the second boundary is also a subframe boundary; when the first boundary is a time slot boundary, the second boundary is also a time slot boundary; when the first boundary is a mini time slot boundary, the second boundary is also a mini time slot boundary; and when the first boundary is a symbol boundary, the second boundary is also a symbol boundary.

[0118] Specifically, for the time domain start position corresponding to the time domain end position, if the above-mentioned at least one time domain resource is a single time domain resource, the time domain end position is the time domain end position of that time domain resource; if the above-mentioned at least one time domain resource is multiple time domain resources, the time domain end position may include the time domain end positions of each time domain resource.

[0119] Alternatively, if the start position of the time domain is aligned with the first boundary, the end position of the time domain resource may not be aligned with the second boundary. In this case, the time domain resource indication information may also include a time domain interval, which is used to characterize the time interval between two adjacent time domain resources in at least one time domain resource, and the end position of the time domain interval is aligned with the second boundary, so that the start position of the time domain of each time domain resource is aligned with the second boundary.

[0120] For example, taking at least one time-domain resource as multiple time-domain resources, the time-domain start position of the first time-domain resource is aligned with the time slot boundary, but the time-domain end position of the first time-domain resource is not aligned with the time slot boundary. If no time-domain interval is configured, the time-domain end position of the first time-domain resource becomes the time-domain start position of the second time-domain resource. Therefore, the time-domain start position of the second time-domain resource cannot be aligned with the time slot boundary. In this embodiment, by configuring a time-domain interval, the time-domain start position of the second time-domain resource becomes the time-domain end position of the time-domain interval, and the time-domain end position of the time-domain interval is aligned with the time slot boundary. Therefore, the time-domain start position of the second time-domain resource is aligned with the time slot boundary.

[0121] When the reader device acts as a base station, the base station must both transmit and receive information on the time-frequency domain resources of the cellular communication system and receive the first information sent by the AIoT device on the random access resources of the AIoT system. This undoubtedly increases the base station's load and affects its performance. In this embodiment, by configuring the time-domain start position and boundary of each time-domain resource to be aligned, taking the time slot boundary as an example, the base station only needs to detect whether it has received the first information sent by the AIoT device at the boundary of each time slot, without having to monitor the entire random access resources of the AIoT system in real time. This helps to reduce the base station's load and improve its performance.

[0122] In some embodiments, the time-domain start position is an absolute time position, and the time-domain granularity of the time-domain start position can be any combination of frame, subframe, time slot, and symbol. For example, the time-domain start position is a symbol in a time slot. The AIoT device can determine the start time position of the first time-domain resource in the time domain based on the time-domain start position of the first time-domain resource. Alternatively, the AIoT device can determine the start time position of each time-domain resource in the time domain based on the time-domain start position of each time-domain resource.

[0123] In some embodiments, the time-domain start position is indicated by a time offset relative to a time-domain reference position. That is, the time-domain resource indication information includes a time offset as the time-domain start position. For example, it may include the time offset of the first time-domain resource among at least one time-domain resource, or it may include the time offsets of each time-domain resource. An AIoT device can determine the time offset of a time-domain start position relative to a time-domain reference position based on a time offset, thereby determining the start time position of a time-domain resource in the time domain.

[0124] As one implementation, the time-domain reference position can be the time-domain start position or the time-domain end position of the time-domain resource corresponding to the first signaling. The first signaling includes resource indication information, and this first signaling can be the paging signaling mentioned above or other signaling that triggers the random access process of the AIoT device. The time-domain resource corresponding to the first signaling can refer to the time-domain resource that transmits the first signaling. For example, the time-domain reference position can be determined by a predefined protocol, such as predefining the time-domain reference position as the time-domain start position or the time-domain end position of the time-domain resource corresponding to the first signaling.

[0125] In other possible implementations, the time-domain reference position may be the time-domain start position or the time-domain end position of the time-domain resources corresponding to the PRDCH channel carrying the first signaling. The time-domain resources corresponding to the PRDCH channel may refer to the time-domain resources occupied by the PRDCH channel. For example, the predefined time-domain reference position is either the time-domain start position or the time-domain end position of the time-domain resources corresponding to the PRDCH channel.

[0126] In this embodiment, the time domain resource indication information includes a variety of flexible time domain start positions, which can be flexibly selected during implementation, effectively improving the flexibility of resource indication methods.

[0127] The time-domain duration characterizes the duration of a time-domain resource in the time domain.

[0128] In some embodiments, the time domain duration can be the information transmission duration, which refers to the transmission time required to transmit the first information in a time domain resource, and the information transmission duration of each time domain resource in at least one time domain resource is the same.

[0129] In some embodiments, considering the limited capabilities of AIoT devices, which may not be strictly time-synchronized with reader devices, a redundancy duration can be set (the redundancy duration is the same for all time-domain resources in at least one time-domain resource). The time-domain duration is determined by the information transmission duration and the redundancy duration. For example, the time-domain duration is equal to the sum of the information transmission duration and the redundancy duration, or the length of the time-domain duration is equal to the length of the information transmission duration plus the length of the redundancy duration. In this way, adding a redundancy duration to the time-domain duration can ensure that the first information sent by different AIoT devices within their respective time-domain durations does not overlap, thereby improving the reliability of random access.

[0130] For example, regarding the duration of information transmission, the data size of the first piece of information is usually fixed. Taking Msg1 in the three-step CBRA method mentioned above as an example, if Msg1 includes a preamble, an information field, and a CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) code, the reader device stores the number of bits of the preamble, the number of bits of the information field, and the number of bits of the CRC code. The reader device can calculate the duration of information transmission based on the number of bits of the preamble, the number of bits of the information field, and the number of bits of the CRC code.

[0131] For example, assuming the preamble has 16 bits, the information field is a random ID with 16 bits, and the CRC code has 5 bits, totaling 37 bits, and the encoding rate is 1 / 3, then Msg1 corresponds to 111 (37*3) chip sequences. Therefore, Msg1 requires 111 chips to transmit 111 chip sequences. These 111 chips represent the information transmission duration. The number of chips can be configured directly by the reader device in the information transmission duration, or the reader device can configure the current uplink data rate or uplink encoding rate in the information transmission duration parameter. The uplink encoding rate can be determined by combining the uplink data rate and the encoding method, and the AIoT device can calculate the corresponding information transmission duration based on this uplink encoding rate.

[0132] Alternatively, the reader device may specify the Transmission Block Size (TBS) and uplink data rate (or uplink coding rate) in the information transmission duration parameter. The uplink coding rate can be determined by combining the uplink data rate and the coding method. The protocol predefines a mapping relationship between different combinations of TBS and uplink coding rates and their corresponding information transmission durations. The AIoT device determines the corresponding information transmission duration based on the TBS and uplink coding data rate (or uplink coding rate) indicated by the reader device and the predefined mapping relationship.

[0133] Regarding the redundancy duration, in some embodiments, the redundancy duration is a preset time, i.e., a preset fixed time. This preset time can be an absolute time length, such as 0.5ms, or it can be a fixed number of time units. The time units can be divided according to any time-domain granularity in cellular communication systems and AIoT systems, such as time slots. For example, if the information transmission duration is 4 time slots and the redundancy duration is 1 time slot, then the time-domain duration of one time-domain resource is 5 time slots.

[0134] In some embodiments, the redundancy duration and the information transmission duration satisfy a proportional relationship, that is, the redundancy duration can account for a certain proportion of the information transmission duration, such as 20%, etc.

[0135] Assuming the information transmission duration is 4 time slots, rounding up 20% of the 4 time slots gives the redundancy duration, which is 1 time slot. Therefore, the time domain duration of one time domain resource is 5 time slots.

[0136] The reader device can configure a fixed time (such as 0.5ms or 1 time slot) as the redundancy duration. Alternatively, the reader device can calculate the redundancy duration based on the above ratio and then configure it to the AIoT device. Or, the reader device can configure only the ratio in the redundancy duration parameter or the ratio can be predefined by the protocol, and the AIoT device can calculate the redundancy duration based on the ratio and the information transmission duration.

[0137] In some embodiments, the redundancy duration can also be calculated using the sampling frequency offset (SFO) between the reader device and the AIoT device.

[0138] For example, still taking Msg1 as the first information in the aforementioned three-step CBRA method, the reader device calculates the absolute time required to transmit Msg1 (37 bits) based on the current uplink data rate. Assuming the uplink data rate is 5kbps, the information transmission duration is 7.4ms. The SFO between the reader device and the AIoT device is 105ppm, and the redundancy duration caused by the 105ppm SFO is 0.74ms. Therefore, the time domain duration of a time domain resource is 8.14ms. This 0.74ms can be calculated by the reader device based on the SFO and directly configured in the redundancy duration parameter. Alternatively, the reader device can configure only the SFO in the redundancy duration parameter, or the SFO can be predefined by the protocol, and the AIoT device can calculate the corresponding redundancy duration of 0.74ms based on the SFO.

[0139] In some embodiments, the redundancy duration can also be adaptively adjusted by the reader device based on the alignment relationship between the temporal start / end position of a temporal resource and the subframe boundary, time slot boundary, mini-time slot boundary, or symbol boundary.

[0140] For example, assuming the current uplink data rate is 5kbps and the coding rate is 1 / 3, then 1ms corresponds to 15 chips. Assuming the SCS (Subcarrier Spacing) of the time-domain resources is 15kHz, then 111 chips (information transmission duration) occupy 7.4ms. When the start position of the time-domain resources is aligned with the time slot boundary of the NR system, the redundancy duration can be 0.6ms to ensure the end position of the time-domain resources is aligned with the time slot boundary of the NR system. The purpose and beneficial effects of aligning the start and end positions of the time-domain resources with the time slot boundary will be described in the following embodiments.

[0141] It should be noted that when the time-domain resource indication information includes the information transmission duration, but does not include the time-domain duration and the redundancy duration, the redundancy duration needs to be predefined by the protocol so that the time-domain duration is composed of the information transmission duration and the redundancy duration predefined by the protocol. That is, the AIoT device can sum up the information transmission duration indicated by the time-domain resource indication information and the redundancy duration predefined by the protocol to obtain the time-domain duration.

[0142] In one embodiment of this application, if there is no time interval between two adjacent time-domain resources in at least one time-domain resource, that is, the time-domain end position of the previous time-domain resource is the time-domain start position of the next time-domain resource, the time-domain end position of the time-domain duration of each time-domain resource can be configured to be aligned with the second boundary, which can ensure that the time-domain end position of each time-domain resource is aligned with the second boundary.

[0143] For example, if the starting position in the time domain is s and the duration in the time domain is t, then s is aligned with the time slot boundary, and s+t, s+2t... are also aligned with the time slot boundary, thereby ensuring that the ending position in the time domain of each time domain resource is aligned with the time slot boundary.

[0144] The temporal granularity of the time-domain interval can be aligned with the temporal granularity of the first boundary and the temporal duration. For example, if the temporal granularity of the first boundary and the temporal duration is symbolic, then the temporal granularity of the time-domain interval is also symbolic. It should be noted that if the temporal granularity of the first boundary and the temporal duration is a time slot, then there is no need to configure the time-domain interval, because the temporal start position of each time-domain resource (s, s+t, s+2t, etc.) must be aligned with the time slot boundary. Alternatively, the temporal granularity can be configured as a time slot, so that there is one or more time slots between two adjacent time-domain resources.

[0145] Regarding the total duration in the time domain, the total duration in the time domain refers to the sum of the durations of at least one time domain resource indicated by the time domain resource indication information. For example, if the time domain resource indication information indicates at least three time domain resources, and the duration of each time domain resource is t, then the total duration in the time domain of these three time domain resources is 3t.

[0146] The total duration of time domain is used to characterize the time domain resources available for transmitting the first information within the total duration of time domain starting from the time domain start position.

[0147] In this embodiment of the application, the total duration in the time domain can be an absolute time length or a fixed number of time units. As mentioned above, the time units are divided according to any time domain granularity in the cellular communication system and the AIoT system.

[0148] Regarding the number of time-domain resources, the number of time-domain resources refers to the number of at least one time-domain resource indicated by the time-domain resource indication information. For example, if the time-domain resource indication information indicates that at least one time-domain resource is three time-domain resources, then the number of time-domain resources is 3.

[0149] In cases where the time-domain resource indication information does not include the number of time-domain resources and does not simultaneously include the time-domain duration and the total time-domain duration, the number of time-domain resources defaults to 1. It can be understood that when the time-domain resource indication information includes both the time-domain duration and the total time-domain duration, the number of time-domain resources can be obtained by dividing the total time-domain duration by the time-domain duration.

[0150] In this embodiment of the application, the number of time-domain resources allowed by the AIoT system can also be predefined by the protocol. For example, if the protocol predefines that the AIoT system allows at least one time-domain resource, then the number of time-domain resources indicated by the reader device can be an integer greater than or equal to 1; for example, if the protocol predefines that the AIoT system allows at least two time-domain resources, then the number of time-domain resources indicated by the reader device can be an integer greater than 1, and so on.

[0151] In another possible implementation, the time-domain resource indication information includes the information transmission duration of the time-domain resource and / or the redundancy duration of the time-domain resource.

[0152] Specifically, when the time-domain resource indication information includes the information transmission duration and the redundancy duration of the time-domain resources, the AIoT device can determine the time-domain duration based on the information transmission duration and the redundancy duration; when the time-domain resource indication information includes the information transmission duration, the redundancy duration can be predefined by the protocol, and the AIoT device can determine the time-domain duration based on the information transmission duration indicated by the time-domain resource indication information and the predefined redundancy duration; when the time-domain resource indication information includes the redundancy duration, the information transmission duration can be predefined by the protocol, and the AIoT device can determine the time-domain duration based on the predefined information transmission duration and the redundancy duration indicated by the time-domain resource indication information.

[0153] For the concepts of information transmission duration and redundancy duration, please refer to the relevant descriptions in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0154] Thus, in actual implementation, the reader device can indicate the time domain duration to the AIoT device through time domain resource indication information, or indicate at least one of the information transmission duration and redundancy duration to the AIoT device through time domain resource indication information, and the AIoT device determines the time domain duration. The indication method of time domain duration is flexible and diverse.

[0155] The following, with reference to the accompanying drawings, provides an exemplary description of the parameter combinations included in the time-domain resource indication information.

[0156] It should be noted that the following embodiments are all illustrated by taking the resource indication information carried in the first signaling as an example, and the above-mentioned time domain start position is indicated by the time offset relative to the time domain reference position (the time domain resource start position corresponding to the first signaling).

[0157] (1) When the time domain resource indication information indicates a time domain resource, the time domain resource indication information may include the time domain start position s of the first time domain resource, and may also include the time domain duration t and / or the total time domain duration T. Since there is only one time domain resource, t = T. The number of time domain resources is 1 by default, or the number of time domain resources is calculated to be equal to 1 by T / t.

[0158] Referring to Figure 5, which is a schematic diagram of a time-domain resource, the AIoT device can determine the start position of the time domain of the time-domain resource as s and the end position of the time domain as s+t or s+T based on the time-domain resource indication information.

[0159] Wherein, the time-domain duration t is the sum of the information transmission duration and the redundancy duration.

[0160] In some embodiments, the time-domain resource indication information may include three parameters: the time-domain start position s, the information transmission duration of a time-domain resource, and the redundancy duration. In this way, the AIoT device can calculate the time-domain duration t by summing the information transmission duration and the redundancy duration, and similarly determine the time-domain end position of a time-domain resource as s+t.

[0161] In some embodiments, the time-domain resource indication information may include the aforementioned time-domain start position s and the information transmission duration of a time-domain resource. In this case, the redundancy duration is predefined by the protocol. The AIoT device can calculate the time-domain duration t by summing the information transmission duration and the predefined redundancy duration. Alternatively, the time-domain end position of a time-domain resource can be determined as s+t.

[0162] In some embodiments, the time-domain resource indication information may include the aforementioned time-domain start position s, time-domain duration t, and time-domain resource quantity X. The AIoT device determines that there is only one time-domain resource based on the time-domain resource quantity X, and determines the time-domain start position of a time-domain resource as s and the time-domain end position as s+t based on the time-domain start position s and the time-domain duration t.

[0163] In some embodiments, the time-domain resource indication information may include the aforementioned time-domain start position s, the total time-domain duration T, and the number of time-domain resources X. The AIoT device determines that there is only one time-domain resource based on the number of time-domain resources X, and determines the time-domain start position of a time-domain resource as s and the time-domain end position as s+T based on the time-domain start position s and the total time-domain duration T.

[0164] In some embodiments, the time-domain resource indication information may include any one of the following: the time-domain start position s, the time-domain duration t, the duration of a time-domain resource information transmission, the duration of a time-domain resource redundancy, the total time-domain duration T, and the number of time-domain resources X. For example, the time-domain start position s can be predefined by the protocol (e.g., the protocol predefines the time-domain start position as one time slot after the end position of the time-domain resource corresponding to the first signaling), and the time-domain resource indication information includes the time-domain duration t. The AIoT device can determine that the time-domain start position of a time-domain resource is s and the time-domain end position is s+t. Alternatively, the time-domain resource indication information may only include the aforementioned time-domain start position s, and the AIoT device can determine that the time-domain start position of a time-domain resource is s based on the time-domain resource indication information, and so on. These will not be listed one by one here.

[0165] (2) When the time domain resource indication information indicates multiple time domain resources, the time domain resource indication information may include the time domain start position s of the first time domain resource among the multiple time domain resources. The time domain resource indication information may also include the time domain duration t of a time domain resource and the number of time domain resources X. The time domain duration t may be the sum of the information transmission duration of a time domain resource and the redundancy duration of a time domain resource.

[0166] Referring to Figure 6, which is a schematic diagram of three time-domain resources. There is no time-domain gap between any two adjacent time-domain resources (time-domain resource 1, time-domain resource 2, and time-domain resource 3 shown in Figure 6). That is, the time-domain end position of the previous time-domain resource is the time-domain start position of the next time-domain resource. The time-domain start position of the first time-domain resource (time-domain resource 1 shown in Figure 6) is s. The AIoT device can calculate the time-domain start position of the nth time-domain resource using the following formula:

[0167] The starting position of the nth time-domain resource in the time domain = s + (n-1)*t, where n = 1, 2, ..., X

[0168] For example, if X equals 3 (i.e. n is 1, 2, 3), then according to the formula, the starting position of the second time-domain resource (time-domain resource 2) can be calculated as s+t, and the starting position of the third time-domain resource (time-domain resource 3) can be calculated as s+2t. Thus, the AIoT device can determine the starting position of each time-domain resource.

[0169] In some embodiments, the time-domain resource indication information may include the time-domain start position s of the first time-domain resource among a plurality of time-domain resources. The time-domain resource indication information may also include the information transmission duration, the redundancy duration, and the number of time-domain resources X of a time-domain resource. The AIoT device sums the information transmission duration and the redundancy duration to obtain the time-domain duration t, thereby determining the time-domain start position of each time-domain resource using the implementation method of the embodiment shown in FIG6.

[0170] In some embodiments, the time-domain resource indication information may include the time-domain start position s of the first time-domain resource among a plurality of time-domain resources. The time-domain resource indication information may also include the information transmission duration of a time-domain resource and the number of time-domain resources X. The redundancy duration is predefined by the protocol. The AIoT device sums the information transmission duration and the predefined redundancy duration to obtain the time-domain duration t, thereby determining the time-domain start position of each time-domain resource using the implementation method shown in FIG6.

[0171] In some embodiments, the time-domain resource indication information may include the time-domain start position s of the first time-domain resource among a plurality of time-domain resources, and the time-domain resource indication information may also include the total time-domain duration T and the number of time-domain resources X.

[0172] Referring to Figure 7, which is a schematic diagram of three time-domain resources. There is no time-domain gap between any two adjacent time-domain resources (time-domain resource 1, time-domain resource 2, and time-domain resource 3 shown in Figure 7). That is, the time-domain end position of the previous time-domain resource is the time-domain start position of the next time-domain resource. The time-domain start position of the first time-domain resource (time-domain resource 1 shown in Figure 7) is s. The AIoT device can calculate the time-domain start position of the nth time-domain resource using the following formula:

[0173] The starting position of the nth time-domain resource in the time domain = s + (n-1)*T / X, where n = 1, 2, ..., X

[0174] For example, when X equals 3 (i.e. n is 1, 2, 3), the time domain starting position of the second time domain resource (time domain resource 2) can be calculated as s+T / 3 according to the formula, and the time domain starting position of the third time domain resource (time domain resource 3) can be calculated as s+2T / 3. Thus, the AIoT device can determine the time domain starting position of each time domain resource.

[0175] In some embodiments, the time-domain resource indication information may include the time-domain start position s of the first time-domain resource among a plurality of time-domain resources. The time-domain resource indication information may also include the time-domain duration t of a time-domain resource and the total time-domain duration T. In this case, the number of time-domain resources X is equal to T / t.

[0176] Referring to Figure 8, which is a schematic diagram of three time-domain resources. There is no time-domain gap between any two adjacent time-domain resources (time-domain resource 1, time-domain resource 2, and time-domain resource 3 shown in Figure 8). That is, the time-domain end position of the previous time-domain resource is the time-domain start position of the next time-domain resource. The time-domain start position of the first time-domain resource (time-domain resource 1 shown in Figure 8) is s, and T / t = 3. The AIoT device can calculate the time-domain start position of the nth time-domain resource using the following formula:

[0177] The starting position of the nth time-domain resource in the time domain = s + (n-1)*t, where n = 1, 2, ..., T / t

[0178] For example, since T / t = 3 (i.e. n is 1, 2, 3), the time domain starting position of the second time domain resource (time domain resource 2) can be calculated as s+t according to this formula, and the time domain starting position of the third time domain resource (time domain resource 3) is s+2t. Thus, the AIoT device can determine the time domain starting position of each time domain resource.

[0179] In some embodiments, the parameter combinations included in the time-domain resource indication information may not be limited to the parameter combinations listed in the above embodiments. For example, the time-domain resource indication information may also include the time-domain start position s of the first time-domain resource among multiple time-domain resources, the information transmission duration of a time-domain resource, the redundancy duration of a time-domain resource, and the total time-domain duration T. The AIoT device can calculate the time-domain duration t by summing the information transmission duration and the redundancy duration. In this way, the AIoT device can determine the time-domain start position of each time-domain resource using the implementation method shown in Figure 8, and so on, which will not be listed one by one here.

[0180] The above embodiments exemplarily describe the content included in the time domain resource indication information. Based on the content included in the time domain resource indication information, the AIoT device can determine one or more time domain resources indicated by the time domain resource indication information (specifically, it can know the time domain start position of each time domain resource). The AIoT device can then select one time domain resource from one or more time domain resources, and this time domain resource is used by the AIoT device to send first information to the reader device.

[0181] 2. Frequency domain resource indication information.

[0182] In one possible implementation, the frequency domain resource indication information includes at least one of the following: frequency domain resource location; frequency domain bandwidth; total frequency domain bandwidth; number of frequency domain resources; and frequency offset of the frequency domain starting position of at least one frequency domain resource relative to the carrier transmission frequency.

[0183] Wherein, at least one frequency domain resource refers to one or more frequency domain resources indicated by the frequency domain resource indication information. The frequency domain resource location is either the frequency domain starting position of the first frequency domain resource among the at least one frequency domain resources or the frequency domain center position of the at least one frequency domain resources; the frequency domain bandwidth of each frequency domain resource among the at least one frequency domain resources is the same.

[0184] For the frequency domain start position, the frequency domain start position is the frequency domain start position of the frequency domain resource with the smallest frequency among at least one frequency domain resources.

[0185] In some embodiments, the starting position of the frequency domain is an absolute frequency position, that is, a specific frequency value, such as 900MHz. In some embodiments, the starting position of the frequency domain is indicated by an RB (Resource Block) index, such as the Common Resource Block index (CRB index) or the Physical Resource Block index (PRB index) within the current BWP (Bandwidth Part).

[0186] In some embodiments, the frequency domain start position is indicated by the frequency offset of the frequency domain resource with the smallest frequency among at least one frequency domain resources relative to the system bandwidth of the AIoT system. That is, the frequency domain start position is a frequency offset, and the frequency domain granularity of the frequency offset can be RB or RE (Resource Element). Based on the frequency offset and the system bandwidth, the AIoT device can calculate the frequency domain start position of the frequency domain resource with the smallest frequency among at least one frequency domain resources.

[0187] For the center position in the frequency domain, which is the carrier transmission frequency, the indication method of the center position in the frequency domain is similar to that of the starting position in the frequency domain. For example, the center position in the frequency domain is the absolute frequency position, which is a specific frequency value.

[0188] For frequency domain bandwidth, the frequency domain bandwidth occupied by a frequency domain resource can be indicated by the number of frequency domain resource units. A frequency domain resource unit can be an RB or an RE, that is, the frequency domain bandwidth is at least one RB or the frequency domain bandwidth is at least one RE.

[0189] In some embodiments, the frequency domain bandwidth occupied by a frequency domain resource can also be calculated by the center frequency offset. For example, if the frequency domain center position is fc, and the reader device indicates the center frequency f1 of the AIoT device sending uplink messages in the frequency domain bandwidth parameter included in the frequency domain resource indication information, then the AIoT device can determine the frequency domain bandwidth occupied by a frequency domain resource based on f1 and fc.

[0190] In some embodiments, the center frequency point for the uplink message sent by the AIoT device, as indicated by the reader device in the frequency domain bandwidth parameter, may also be f2, where f2 = fc + n * Δf, and n is determined by the small frequency offset modulation related parameters. For example, if the reader device instructs the AIoT device to use Miller-8 modulation, then n = 3 (i.e., log28 = 3), and the frequency domain bandwidth occupied by one frequency domain resource is (f2 - f1) / 3; or, if the reader device instructs the AIoT device to use square wave modulation, then the order of the square wave modulation is equal to n, and the AIoT device can calculate the frequency domain bandwidth occupied by the frequency domain resource.

[0191] In this embodiment of the application, the frequency domain bandwidth of a frequency domain resource includes information transmission bandwidth and protection bandwidth. The protection bandwidth can improve the phenomenon of interference between adjacent channels.

[0192] Information transmission bandwidth refers to the bandwidth required to transmit the first information in a frequency domain resource. As mentioned above, the data size of the first information is fixed. Therefore, the information transmission bandwidth can be determined based on the data size of the first information.

[0193] Frequency offsets, i.e., frequency domain resources, can be indicated by one or more frequency offsets. When the frequency domain resource indication information includes one frequency offset, the AIoT device can determine the frequency domain resource based on the frequency offset and the carrier transmission frequency. When the frequency domain resource indication information includes multiple frequency offsets, each frequency offset corresponds to one frequency domain resource, and each frequency offset is greater than the frequency domain bandwidth required for one D2R information transmission. The AIoT device can determine a frequency domain resource based on each frequency offset and the carrier transmission frequency.

[0194] For the total bandwidth in the frequency domain, the total bandwidth of at least one frequency domain resource can be indicated by the number of frequency domain resource units. That is, the parameter of total bandwidth in the frequency domain includes the number of frequency domain resource units, which can be an RB or an RE.

[0195] The total bandwidth of the frequency domain refers to all frequency domain resources within the total bandwidth starting from the aforementioned frequency domain starting position that can be used to transmit the first information, or all frequency domain resources within the total bandwidth of the frequency domain symmetrical to the center position of the frequency domain that can be used to transmit the first information.

[0196] For the quantity of frequency domain resources, the quantity of frequency domain resources indicates the quantity of at least one frequency domain resource.

[0197] In cases where the frequency domain resource indication information does not include the number of frequency domain resources, and does not simultaneously include both the frequency domain bandwidth and the total frequency domain bandwidth, the number of frequency domain resources defaults to 1. It is understandable that if the frequency domain resource indication information includes both the frequency domain bandwidth and the total frequency domain bandwidth, the number of frequency domain resources can be obtained by dividing the total frequency domain bandwidth by the frequency domain bandwidth.

[0198] In this embodiment of the application, if the AIoT device does not support small frequency offset when sending uplink information, there is only one transmission opportunity in the frequency domain, that is, only one frequency domain resource. In this case, the reader device can indicate that the number of frequency domain resources is 1, or the reader device can not indicate the number of frequency domain resources (and does not indicate the frequency domain bandwidth and the total frequency domain bandwidth at the same time). In this case, the default number of frequency domain resources is 1.

[0199] If an AIoT device supports a small frequency offset when sending uplink information, then there are multiple transmission opportunities (multiple frequency domain resources) in the frequency domain, which can be indicated by the parameter of the number of frequency domain resources.

[0200] In some possible implementations, the frequency domain resource indication information may not include the quantity of the frequency domain resources, which can be predefined by the protocol, and so on.

[0201] The following, with reference to the accompanying drawings, provides an exemplary description of the parameter combinations included in the frequency domain resource indication information.

[0202] (1) When the frequency domain resource indication information indicates at least one frequency domain resource, the frequency domain resource indication information includes the frequency domain resource location (i.e., the frequency domain start position fs or the frequency domain center position fc), and the frequency domain resource indication information also includes the frequency domain bandwidth b or the total frequency domain bandwidth B of a time domain resource. The number of frequency domain resources is 1 by default. Since the frequency domain resource indication information indicates one frequency domain resource, then b = B.

[0203] Referring to Figure 9, which is a schematic diagram of a frequency domain resource, the frequency domain start position fs is indicated by the frequency offset of the frequency domain resource relative to the system bandwidth of the AIoT system. The AIoT device can determine the frequency domain resource position based on the frequency domain resource indication information: that is, the frequency domain start position is fs, and the frequency domain end position is fs+b or fs+B.

[0204] Referring to Figure 10, which is a schematic diagram of a frequency domain resource, the frequency domain center position of the frequency domain resource is fc. The AIoT device can determine the frequency domain start position of the frequency domain resource as fc-b / 2 or fc-B / 2 and the frequency domain end position as fc+b / 2 or fc+B / 2 based on the frequency domain resource indication information.

[0205] In some embodiments, the frequency domain resource indication information may include any one of the following: frequency domain resource location (i.e., frequency domain start position fs or frequency domain center position fc), frequency domain bandwidth, total frequency domain bandwidth, and the number of frequency domain resources. For example, the frequency domain start position fs can be predefined by the protocol, the frequency domain resource indication information only includes the frequency domain bandwidth b, and the number of frequency domain resources defaults to 1. The AIoT device can determine the frequency domain resource location of a frequency domain resource based on the frequency domain resource indication information: the frequency domain start position is fs, and the frequency domain end position is fs+b. For example, the frequency domain resource indication information may only include the frequency domain start position fs, and the number of frequency domain resources defaults to 1. The AIoT device can determine the frequency domain resource location of a frequency domain resource based on the frequency domain resource indication information: the frequency domain start position is fs, and so on, and will not be listed here.

[0206] (2) In the case where at least one frequency domain resource indicated by the frequency domain resource indication information is multiple frequency domain resources, assuming that the AIoT system adopts double-sideband modulation, the frequency domain resource indication information may include the frequency domain resource location (taking the frequency domain center location fc as an example), the number of frequency domain resources Y, and the frequency domain bandwidth b of one frequency domain resource.

[0207] When the number of frequency domain resources Y is odd or even, the method for determining the location of each frequency domain resource differs. When the number of frequency domain resources Y is odd, AIoT devices typically use Miller modulation; when the number of frequency domain resources Y is even, AIoT devices typically use square wave repetition modulation.

[0208] Please refer to Figure 11, which is a schematic diagram of three frequency domain resources. The frequency domain resource indication information indicates the frequency domain center position fc, the number of frequency domain resources Y equals 3, and the frequency domain bandwidth b of one frequency domain resource. The AIoT device can calculate the frequency domain resource position (frequency domain center position) of the nth pair of frequency domain resources using the following formula:

[0209] The frequency domain center position of the nth pair of frequency domain resources = fc ± (n-1) * b, n = 1, 2, ..., (Y+1) / 2

[0210] For example, if Y equals 3 (corresponding to n being 1 or 2), the frequency center position of the second frequency domain resource and the frequency center position of the third frequency domain resource can be calculated according to the formula as fc+b and fc-b, respectively. Thus, the AIoT device can determine the frequency center position of each frequency domain resource.

[0211] Alternatively, based on the embodiment shown in Figure 11, the frequency domain resource indication information can be replaced by the maximum number of frequency offset factors Y. Then, in conjunction with the embodiment shown in Figure 11, the maximum number of frequency offset factors is N. The AIoT device can also calculate the frequency domain center position of the nth pair of frequency domain resources using the formula for calculating the frequency domain resource position of the nth pair of frequency domain resources. Simply replace the value of n in the formula with 1, 2, ..., N, that is, the value of n is 1, 2. Thus, the frequency domain center positions of the second and third frequency domain resources can be calculated as fc+b and fc-b, respectively.

[0212] Please refer to Figure 12, which is a schematic diagram of four frequency domain resources. The frequency domain resource indication information indicates the frequency domain center position fc, the number of frequency domain resources Y equals 4, and the frequency domain bandwidth b of one frequency domain resource. The AIoT device can calculate the frequency domain resource position (frequency domain center position) of the nth pair of frequency domain resources using the formula fc±(2n-1)*b / 2, where n is 1 and 2 respectively. Then, the calculated frequency domain center positions of the first and second frequency domain resources are fc+b / 2 and fc-b / 2 respectively, and the frequency domain center positions of the third and fourth frequency domain resources are fc+3b / 2 and fc-3b / 2 respectively. Thus, the AIoT device can determine the frequency domain center position of each frequency domain resource.

[0213] In some embodiments, assuming the AIoT system uses double-sideband modulation, the frequency domain resource indication information may include the frequency domain resource location (taking the frequency domain center position fc as an example), the number of frequency domain resources Y, and the total frequency domain bandwidth B.

[0214] When the number of frequency domain resources Y is odd or even, the method for determining the location of each frequency domain resource is different.

[0215] Please refer to Figure 13, which is a schematic diagram of three frequency domain resources. The frequency domain resource indication information indicates the frequency domain center position fc, the number of frequency domain resources Y equals 3, and the total frequency domain bandwidth B. The AIoT device can calculate the frequency domain resource position (frequency domain center position) of the nth pair of frequency domain resources using the following formula:

[0216] The frequency domain center position of the nth pair of frequency domain resources = fc ± (n-1) * B / Y, n = 1, 2, ..., (Y+1) / 2

[0217] For example, if Y equals 3 (i.e., n is 1 or 2), the frequency center position of the second frequency domain resource and the frequency center position of the third frequency domain resource are calculated according to the formula as fc+B / 3 and fc-B / 3, respectively. Thus, the AIoT device can determine the frequency center position of each frequency domain resource.

[0218] Alternatively, based on the embodiment shown in Figure 13, the maximum number of frequency offset factors is used to replace the number of frequency domain resources Y in the frequency domain resource indication information. Then, in conjunction with the embodiment shown in Figure 13, the maximum number of frequency offset factors is N. The AIoT device can also use the formula fc±(n-1)*B / Y to calculate the frequency domain center position of the nth pair of frequency domain resources. Simply replace the value of n in the formula with 1, 2, ..., N. When the value of n is 1 or 2, the frequency domain center positions of the second and third frequency domain resources can be calculated as fc+B / 3 and fc-B / 3, respectively.

[0219] Please refer to Figure 14, which is a schematic diagram of four frequency domain resources. The frequency domain resource indication information indicates the frequency domain center position fc, the number of frequency domain resources Y equals 4, and the total frequency domain bandwidth B. The AIoT device can calculate the frequency domain resource position (frequency domain center position) of the nth pair of frequency domain resources using the formula fc±(2n-1)*B / 8, where n is 1 and 2. Then, the calculated frequency domain center positions of the first and second frequency domain resources are fc+b / 8 and fc-b / 8, respectively, and the frequency domain center positions of the third and fourth frequency domain resources are fc+3b / 8 and fc-3b / 8, respectively. Thus, the AIoT device can determine the frequency domain center position of each frequency domain resource.

[0220] The above examples are all based on the AIoT system using double-sideband modulation. If the AIoT system uses single-sideband modulation, then the "±" in the above formula for calculating the center position in the frequency domain can simply be either a plus or a minus sign.

[0221] Similar to the double-sideband modulation method described above, AIoT devices can still use different methods to calculate the frequency domain resource location based on Miller modulation or square wave repetition modulation indicated by the reader device. For example, if the frequency domain resource indication information indicates the frequency domain start position fs, the number of frequency domain resources Y, and the frequency domain bandwidth b of one frequency domain resource, the AIoT device can calculate the frequency domain start position of the nth frequency domain resource using the formula fs + (n-1)*b, where n is a positive integer less than or equal to Y. Alternatively, if the frequency domain resource indication information indicates the frequency domain start position fs, the number of frequency domain resources Y, and the total frequency domain bandwidth B, the AIoT device can calculate the frequency domain start position of the nth frequency domain resource using the formula fs + (n-1)*B / Y, where n is a positive integer less than or equal to Y.

[0222] In addition, the above embodiments are based on the example of the frequency domain resource location being the center position of the frequency domain. The frequency domain resource location can also be the starting position of the frequency domain. For example, in the case of multiple frequency domain resources, the calculation of the center position of the frequency domain can be converted into the calculation of the starting position of the frequency domain in a manner similar to that in Figures 9 and 10. This will not be elaborated further here.

[0223] In some embodiments, the frequency domain resource indication information includes the number of frequency domain resources. This number of resources is equal to the maximum number of frequency offset factors for the AIoT device. One frequency offset factor corresponds to one or a pair of frequency domain resources. The frequency offset factor is used to determine the frequency offset of the frequency domain starting position of the resource relative to the carrier transmission frequency. The frequency offset factor is a numerical value and has a corresponding relationship with the frequency offset. If the AIoT system uses single-sideband modulation, a frequency domain resource is determined by the frequency offset upward or downward from the center frequency (i.e., the carrier transmission frequency). If the AIoT system uses double-sideband modulation, a pair of frequency domain resources is determined by the frequency offsets upward and downward from the center frequency. For example, if the carrier transmission frequency of the carrier signal received by the AIoT device is f1, and the corresponding frequency offset is determined as Δf1 according to the first frequency offset factor, then the frequency domain center position of a frequency domain resource for which the AIoT device transmits the first information is f1+Δf1 and / or f1-Δf1.

[0224] For example, an AIoT device can autonomously determine the frequency offset factors corresponding to the maximum number of frequency offset factors. Assuming the protocol predefines frequency offset factors as 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10, and the number of frequency domain resources is 4, the AIoT device can randomly select 4 frequency offset factors from 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10. Alternatively, the reader device can indicate these frequency offset factors; for example, the reader device can indicate a set of frequency offset factors, which includes the frequency offset factors.

[0225] After receiving a carrier signal, the AIoT device determines the carrier transmission frequency and selects a frequency offset factor from the frequency offset factors determined autonomously or indicated by the reader device. Using this frequency offset factor and the carrier transmission frequency, the starting position of a frequency domain resource can be determined as the frequency domain resource location.

[0226] In another possible implementation, the frequency domain resource indication information includes a maximum number of frequency offset factors, which are used to determine the frequency offset of the frequency domain start position of the frequency domain resource relative to the carrier transmission frequency point, and the maximum number of frequency offset factors is equal to the number of frequency domain resources of at least one frequency domain resource; and / or, the frequency domain resource indication information includes a set of frequency offset factors, which includes at least one frequency offset factor, and the number of at least one frequency offset factor is equal to the number of frequency domain resources.

[0227] In this context, one frequency offset factor corresponds to one or a pair of frequency domain resources. If the frequency domain resource indication information does not include a set of frequency offset factors, the AIoT device can autonomously determine the maximum number of frequency offset factors corresponding to each frequency offset factor. For example, assuming the protocol predefines frequency offset factors as 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10, and the number of frequency domain resources is 4, then the AIoT device can randomly select 4 frequency offset factors from 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10. Alternatively, the frequency offset factor set can be indicated through a reader device, and the set of frequency offset factors includes the frequency offset factors themselves.

[0228] As mentioned above, the frequency offset factor is a numerical value, and it has a corresponding relationship with the frequency offset. If the AIoT system uses single-sideband modulation, a frequency domain resource is determined by the frequency offset of the center frequency point (i.e., the carrier transmission frequency point) upward or downward. If the AIoT system uses double-sideband modulation, a pair of frequency domain resources is determined by the frequency offset of the center frequency point upward and downward.

[0229] In some embodiments, the frequency domain resource indication information may include a set of frequency offset factors, which includes at least one frequency offset factor and the number of at least one frequency offset factor is equal to the number of frequency domain resources. One frequency offset factor corresponds to one or a pair of frequency domain resources. After the AIoT device receives the carrier signal, it determines the carrier transmission frequency point. Each frequency offset factor in the set of frequency offset factors, combined with the carrier transmission frequency point, can determine the frequency domain starting position of a frequency domain resource as the frequency domain resource position.

[0230] In this embodiment, the frequency domain resource indication information is indicated in a flexible and diverse manner, and can be flexibly selected during implementation, thereby improving the flexibility of the resource indication method in this embodiment.

[0231] When the resource indication information includes both time-domain and frequency-domain resource indication information, the AIoT device can determine one or more time-domain resources indicated by the time-domain resource indication information (specifically, knowing the time-domain start position of each time-domain resource) based on the content included in the time-domain resource indication information. Similarly, the AIoT device can determine one or more frequency-domain resources indicated by the frequency-domain resource indication information (specifically, knowing the frequency-domain start position or frequency-domain center position of each frequency-domain resource) based on the content included in the frequency-domain resource indication information. In other words, the AIoT device can determine a resource set based on the resource indication information sent by the reader device, and send first information to the reader device on the random access resources included in that resource set. For example, the AIoT device can select a random access resource from the random access resources included in the resource set and send first information to the reader device on the selected random access resource to perform the random access process for the AIoT device.

[0232] Furthermore, as mentioned above, the resource indication information may only include time-domain resource indication information, excluding frequency-domain resource indication information. That is, the set of resources indicated by the reader device to the AIoT device through the resource indication information is a set of time-domain resources, which includes at least one time-domain resource. In this case, frequency-domain resources can be predefined through a protocol. This predefinition can be achieved by predefining the maximum number of frequency offset factors and the set of frequency offset factors. The maximum number of frequency offset factors is equal to the number of frequency-domain resources in each frequency-domain resource, and the frequency-domain resource position of each frequency-domain resource is determined by each frequency offset factor.

[0233] For example, the maximum number of predefined frequency offset factors is 16, and the set of predefined frequency offset factors can be any of the following:

[0234] 1) Each frequency offset factor in the frequency offset factor set is a multiple of 2, such as {2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16}.

[0235] 2) Each frequency offset factor in the frequency offset factor set is an exponent of 2, such as {2,4,8,16}.

[0236] 3) Each frequency offset factor in the frequency offset factor set is a multiple of 2 and not a multiple of 3, such as {2,4,8,10,14,16}.

[0237] 4) Each frequency offset factor in the frequency offset factor set is a multiple of 2 and is not a multiple of 3 or 5, such as {2,4,8,14,16}.

[0238] 5) The frequency offset factors in the set of frequency offset factors are not multiples of 3, such as {1,2,4,5,7,8,10,11,13,14,16}.

[0239] 6) Each frequency offset factor in the frequency offset factor set is neither a multiple of 3 nor a multiple of 5, such as {1,2,4,7,8,11,13,14,16}.

[0240] Based on the resource indication information, the AIoT device can determine the time domain resources used to send the first information, and use the time domain resources and the frequency domain resources predefined by the protocol to send the first information.

[0241] In some embodiments of this application, the AIoT device of this application embodiment can support a first type of CBRA method, such as a three-step CBRA method. In this case, the first information is Msg1 in the above-mentioned three-step CBRA method. When the resource indication information is used to indicate the resource set used by different AIoT devices to compete with the reader device for sending the first information using the CBRA method, that is, the resource indication information indicates the resource set used by different AIoT devices to compete with the reader device for sending Msg1 in the three-step CBRA process.

[0242] An AIoT device selects a random access resource from the resource set, generates a random ID, carries this random ID in Msg1, and competitively sends Msg1 to the reader device on the selected random access resource. Competitive sending means that multiple AIoT devices that have received the resource indication information simultaneously send their corresponding Msg1 to the reader device. The reader device responds to whichever Msg1 (i.e., the Msg1 corresponding to the target random ID carried in Msg2) wins the competition. The reader device can also configure the target AIoT device to send Msg3 random access resources via Msg2, and the target AIoT device can report its device identifier in Msg3.

[0243] In some embodiments, the AIoT device of this application embodiment may support a second type of CBRA method, such as a two-step CBRA method. In this case, the first information is Msg1 in the two-step CBRA method. When the resource indication information is used to indicate the resource set used by different AIoT devices to compete with the reader device for sending the first information using the CBRA method, that is, the resource indication information indicates the resource set used by different AIoT devices to compete with the reader device for sending Msg1 in the two-step CBRA process.

[0244] An AIoT device selects a random access resource from the resource set, carries its device identifier in Msg1 (in some embodiments, Msg1 may also carry other data required by higher layers), and competitively sends Msg1 to the reader device on the selected random access resource. The AIoT device can at least report its device identifier in Msg1.

[0245] In some embodiments, the AIoT device of this application embodiment can simultaneously support both three-step CBRA and two-step CBRA. The resource indication information can indicate the resource set for different AIoT devices to compete for sending Msg1 to the reader device during the three-step CBRA process, and the resource set for different AIoT devices to compete for sending Msg1 to the reader device during the two-step CBRA process.

[0246] As one implementation method, AIoT devices can choose either a three-step CBRA method or a two-step CBRA method for random access based on their own capabilities. In other possible implementation methods, AIoT devices can also preferentially choose the two-step CBRA method for random access, and only choose the three-step CBRA method when the AIoT device does not support the two-step CBRA method.

[0247] After determining the specific CBRA method to use, the AIoT device selects a random access resource from the resource set. On this random access resource, the AIoT device competes with the reader device to send Msg1, and finally reports its own device identifier.

[0248] In this application embodiment, the resource indication information corresponding to different CBRA processes can be the same or different. Different CBRA processes include, for example, a three-step CBRA process and a two-step CBRA process.

[0249] For example, the above embodiments are described with a single resource indication information, meaning the resource indication information is the same for both the three-step CBRA process and the two-step CBRA process. This single resource indication information can be used to indicate the set of resources that different AIoT devices compete with the reader device to transmit Msg1 during the three-step CBRA process, and the set of resources that different AIoT devices compete with the reader device to transmit Msg1 during the two-step CBRA process. This single resource indication information includes time-domain resource indication information, or it includes both time-domain and frequency-domain resource indication information. The content of the time-domain and frequency-domain resource indication information can be found in the description of any of the embodiments above, and will not be repeated here.

[0250] In some embodiments, the resource indication information corresponding to different CBRA processes may also be different. For example, there may be two resource indication information, where one resource indication information is used to indicate the resource set that different AIoT devices compete to send the first information to the reader device in the first type of CBRA (such as three-step CBRA), and the other resource indication information is used to indicate the resource set that different AIoT devices compete to send the first information to the reader device in the second type of CBRA (such as two-step CBRA). Each resource indication information includes time-domain resource indication information or includes both time-domain and frequency-domain resource indication information. The content of the time-domain and frequency-domain resource indication information can be found in the description of any of the embodiments above, and will not be repeated here.

[0251] In some embodiments, the resource indication information includes shared resource indication information, a first independent resource indication information, and a second independent resource indication information. The shared resource indication information and the first independent resource indication information are used to indicate the resource set that different AIoT devices compete to send the first information to the reader device during the first type CBRA process. The shared resource indication information and the second independent resource indication information are used to indicate the resource set that different AIoT devices compete to send the first information to the reader device during the second type CBRA process. That is, the first type CBRA and the second type CBRA can share the shared resource indication information. The shared resource indication information is a set of resource indication information that is shared for the resource set corresponding to the first type CBRA and the resource set corresponding to the second type CBRA. Therefore, the resource set corresponding to the first type CBRA process can be determined by the shared resource indication information and the first independent resource indication information, and the resource set corresponding to the second type CBRA process can be determined by the shared resource indication information and the second independent resource indication information.

[0252] For example, when the resource indication information includes time-domain resource indication information, the shared resource indication information is time-domain shared resource indication information, the first independent resource indication information is first time-domain resource indication information, and the second independent resource indication information is second time-domain resource indication information. When the resource indication information includes both time-domain and frequency-domain resource indication information, the shared resource indication information is time-domain shared resource indication information, the first independent resource indication information is first time-domain resource indication information, and the second independent resource indication information is second time-domain resource indication information; and / or, the shared resource indication information is frequency-domain shared resource indication information, the first independent resource indication information is first frequency-domain resource indication information, and the second independent resource indication information is second frequency-domain resource indication information.

[0253] Hereinafter, the implementation methods of shared resource indication information, first independent resource indication information, and second independent resource indication information will be described exemplarily, distinguishing between the time domain and the frequency domain, and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0254] First, taking the shared resource indication information as time-domain shared resource indication information, the first independent resource indication information as first time-domain resource indication information, and the second independent resource indication information as second time-domain resource indication information as an example, the time-domain shared resource indication information, the first time-domain resource indication information, and the second time-domain resource indication information satisfy any one of the following five conditions:

[0255] 1) The time-domain shared resource indication information includes the time-domain start position of the first time-domain resource among at least one time-domain resource and the total time-domain duration of at least one time-domain resource. The first time-domain resource indication information includes the number of first time-domain resources, and the second time-domain resource indication information includes the number of second time-domain resources.

[0256] As shown in Figure 15, the reader device configures a shared time domain start position and a shared total time domain duration for the three-step CBRA and the two-step CBRA, configures a separate first time domain resource quantity of 6 for the three-step CBRA, and configures a separate second time domain resource quantity of 2 for the two-step CBRA.

[0257] In this way, the AIoT device determines that the duration of a time-domain resource in a three-step CBRA is three times the duration of a time-domain resource in a two-step CBRA, based on the total duration in the time domain, the number of first time-domain resources, and the number of second time-domain resources. The AIoT device can determine the start position in the time domain of each time-domain resource in a three-step CBRA based on the start position in the time domain, the total duration in the time domain, and the number of first time-domain resources. Similarly, the AIoT device can determine the start position in the time domain of each time-domain resource in a two-step CBRA based on the start position in the time domain, the total duration in the time domain, and the number of second time-domain resources.

[0258] 2) The time-domain shared resource indication information includes the time-domain start position and the number of time-domain resources of at least one time-domain resource. The first time-domain resource indication information includes the first time-domain duration of a time-domain resource, and the second time-domain resource indication information includes the second time-domain duration of a time-domain resource.

[0259] As shown in Figure 16, the reader device configures a shared time domain start position and a shared time domain resource quantity for three-step CBRA and two-step CBRA, configures a separate first time domain duration for three-step CBRA, and configures a separate second time domain duration for two-step CBRA.

[0260] In this way, the AIoT device determines the time domain start position of each time domain resource in the three-step CBRA based on the time domain start position, the number of time domain resources, and the first time domain duration. The AIoT device can determine the time domain start position of each time domain resource in the two-step CBRA based on the domain start position, the number of time domain resources, and the second time domain duration.

[0261] 3) The time-domain shared resource indication information includes the time-domain start position, the total time-domain duration, and the size of the time-domain resource unit. The first time-domain resource indication information includes the number of first time-domain resource units corresponding to one time-domain resource, and the second time-domain resource indication information includes the number of second time-domain resource units corresponding to one time-domain resource.

[0262] As shown in Figure 17, the reader device configures the shared time domain start position, the shared total time domain duration, and the shared time domain resource unit size for three-step CBRA and two-step CBRA. It also configures the number of separate first time domain resource units (i.e., the number of time domain resource units included in a time domain resource) for three-step CBRA and the number of separate second time domain resource units (i.e., the number of time domain resource units included in a time domain resource) for two-step CBRA.

[0263] The temporal granularity of a temporal resource unit can be, for example, a symbol or a chip. Thus, based on temporal shared resource indication information, first temporal resource indication information, and second temporal resource indication information, the AIoT device can determine that the temporal duration of a temporal resource in a two-step CBRA is three times the temporal duration of a temporal resource in a three-step CBRA. The AIoT device can determine the temporal start position of each temporal resource in a three-step CBRA based on the temporal start position, total temporal duration, temporal resource unit size, and number of first temporal resource units. The AIoT device can also determine the temporal start position of each temporal resource in a two-step CBRA based on the temporal start position, total temporal duration, temporal resource unit size, and number of second temporal resource units.

[0264] 4) The time-domain shared resource indication information includes the time-domain start position and the total time-domain duration. The first time-domain resource indication information includes the number of first time-domain resources. The second time-domain resource indication information includes the first multiple relationship between the second time-domain duration (the time-domain duration of one time-domain resource in a two-step CBRA) and the first time-domain duration (the time-domain duration of one time-domain resource in a three-step CBRA).

[0265] As shown in Figure 18, the reader device configures a shared time domain start position and total time domain duration for the three-step CBRA and the two-step CBRA, configures a separate first time domain resource quantity 6 for the three-step CBRA, and configures a separate first multiple relationship 3 for the two-step CBRA (the first multiple relationship is the multiple relationship between the time domain duration of a time domain resource in the two-step CBRA and the time domain duration of a time domain resource in the three-step CBRA).

[0266] The AIoT device determines the time domain start position of each time domain resource in the three-step CBRA based on the shared time domain start position, the total time domain duration, and the number of first time domain resources configured separately for the three-step CBRA. The AIoT device determines the number of second time domain resources in the two-step CBRA to be 2 based on the first multiple relationship and the number of first time domain resources. The AIoT device can determine the time domain start position of each time domain resource in the two-step CBRA based on the shared time domain start position, the total time domain duration, and the number of second time domain resources.

[0267] 5) The time-domain shared resource indication information includes the time-domain start position, the first time-domain resource indication information includes the above-mentioned first multiple relationship, and the second time-domain resource indication information includes the second time-domain duration and the number of second time-domain resources. The first multiple relationship is the multiple relationship between the second time-domain duration (the time-domain duration of one time-domain resource in a two-step CBRA) and the first time-domain duration (the time-domain duration of one time-domain resource in a three-step CBRA).

[0268] As shown in Figure 19, the reader device configures a shared time domain start position for three-step CBRA and two-step CBRA, configures a second time domain duration and a second time domain resource quantity for two-step CBRA, and configures a first multiple relationship for three-step CBRA.

[0269] The AIoT device determines the time domain start position of each time domain resource in the two-step CBRA based on the shared time domain start position, the second time domain duration configured separately for the two-step CBRA, and the number of second time domain resources (the number of time domain resources in the two-step CBRA). The AIoT device can determine the first time domain duration and the first time domain resource number based on the second time domain duration, the second time domain resource number, and the first multiple relationship. Based on the shared time domain start position, the first time domain duration, and the first time domain resource number, the AIoT device determines the time domain start position of each time domain resource in the three-step CBRA.

[0270] Next, taking the shared resource indication information as frequency domain shared resource indication information, the first independent resource indication information as first frequency domain resource indication information, and the second independent resource indication information as second frequency domain resource indication information as an example, the frequency domain shared resource indication information, the first frequency domain resource indication information, and the second frequency domain resource indication information satisfy any one of the following five conditions:

[0271] 1) The frequency domain shared resource indication information includes the location of the frequency domain resource and the total frequency domain bandwidth of at least one frequency domain resource. The first frequency domain resource indication information includes the number of first frequency domain resources, and the second frequency domain resource indication information includes the number of second frequency domain resources. The frequency domain resource location is the frequency domain starting position of the first frequency domain resource among at least one frequency domain resource or the frequency domain center position of at least one frequency domain resource.

[0272] 2) The frequency domain shared resource indication information includes the location of the frequency domain resource and the number of frequency domain resources of at least one frequency domain resource. The first frequency domain resource indication information includes the first frequency domain bandwidth of a frequency domain resource, and the second frequency domain resource indication information includes the second frequency domain bandwidth of a frequency domain resource.

[0273] 3) Frequency domain shared resource indication information includes the location of frequency domain resources, the total bandwidth of frequency domain, and the size of frequency domain resource units. The first frequency domain resource indication information includes the number of first frequency domain resource units corresponding to one frequency domain resource, and the second frequency domain resource indication information includes the number of second frequency domain resource units corresponding to one frequency domain resource.

[0274] 4) Frequency domain shared resource indication information includes the location of frequency domain resources and the total bandwidth of frequency domain. First frequency domain resource indication information includes the number of first frequency domain resources. Second frequency domain resource indication information includes the second multiple relationship between the bandwidth of the second frequency domain and the bandwidth of the first frequency domain.

[0275] 5) Frequency domain shared resource indication information includes the location of frequency domain resources, first frequency domain resource indication information includes the second multiple relationship, and second frequency domain resource indication information includes the second frequency domain bandwidth and the number of second frequency domain resources.

[0276] The combination of frequency domain shared resource indication information, first frequency domain resource indication information, and second frequency domain resource indication information can be found in the relevant descriptions of time domain shared resource indication information, first time domain resource indication information, and second time domain resource indication information above, and will not be repeated here.

[0277] In this embodiment of the application, by sharing resource indication information, first independent resource indication information and second independent resource indication information, the resource utilization rate of the two CBRA methods is improved while the system resource overhead is reduced.

[0278] This application embodiment can support the indication of random access resources in TDM (Time Division Multiplexing) and FDM (Frequency Division Multiplexing) in AIoT systems. Compared with RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) systems, since RFID systems do not support the allocation of random access resources in FDM, this application embodiment can improve the utilization rate of spectrum resources.

[0279] In some embodiments, a resource indication method is provided for a reader device. Referring to FIG20, the method includes step 2001 shown in FIG20:

[0280] Step 2001: The reader device sends resource indication information to the AIoT device.

[0281] The resource indication information is used to indicate the resource set of resources used by the AIoT device to send the first information to the reader device, and the resource set includes at least one random access resource.

[0282] In some embodiments, step 2001 includes:

[0283] Send a first signaling message to the AIoT device, the first signaling message including the resource indication information.

[0284] For information on resource indication information used in reader devices and its beneficial effects, please refer to the above-mentioned content on resource indication information for AIoT devices, which will not be repeated here. The reader device and the A-IoT device have a consistent understanding of resource indication information, thus ensuring the normal operation of the random access process between the reader device and the A-IoT device.

[0285] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowchart above are shown sequentially as indicated by the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the flowchart above may include multiple steps or multiple stages. These steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least some of the steps or stages in other steps.

[0286] The technical solutions provided in this application can be applied to a variety of systems. For example, applicable systems may include Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) systems, LTE Time Division Duplex (TDD) systems, Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A) systems, Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) systems, 5G New Radio (NR) systems and their evolved communication systems, and 6G (sixth generation mobile communication technology) systems. These systems may include terminal equipment and network equipment. The systems may also include a core network component, such as the Evolved Packet Core (EPC) and the 5G Core Network (5GC).

[0287] Based on the same technical concept, this application also provides a resource indication device. This resource indication device can realize the functions of the AIoT device in the foregoing embodiments.

[0288] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG21, a resource indication device is provided for an AIoT device, the device comprising:

[0289] The receiving module 2100 is used to receive resource indication information sent by the reader device;

[0290] The resource indication information is used to indicate the resource set of resources used by the AIoT device to send the first information to the reader device, and the resource set includes at least one random access resource.

[0291] In some embodiments, the resource set used by the AIoT device to send the first information to the reader device includes:

[0292] Different AIoT devices compete to send the first information to the reader device using a competitive random access CBRA method, which is the set of resources used by the device.

[0293] Alternatively, at least one AIoT device may send the resource set of the first information to the reader device using a non-contentionable random access (CFRA) method, wherein the first information includes first device-to-reader (D2R) information.

[0294] In some embodiments, the receiving module 2100 is configured to receive a first signaling sent by the reader device, the first signaling including the resource indication information.

[0295] In some embodiments, the apparatus further includes:

[0296] The determining module is used to determine the resource set based on the resource indication information;

[0297] The sending module is configured to send the first information to the reader device via random access resources included in the resource set.

[0298] For information on the resource indication information in the resource indication device and its beneficial effects, please refer to the above-mentioned information on resource indication information for AIoT devices, which will not be repeated here.

[0299] It should be noted that the resource indication device provided in this application embodiment can implement all the method steps implemented in the above-mentioned resource indication method embodiment for AIoT devices, and can achieve the same technical effect. Here, the parts that are the same as those in the method embodiment and the beneficial effects will not be described in detail.

[0300] Each module in the aforementioned resource indication device can be implemented entirely or partially through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. These modules can be embedded in the processor of the AIoT device in hardware form or independent of it, or stored in the memory of the AIoT device in software form, so that the processor can call and execute the operations corresponding to each module.

[0301] Based on the same technical concept, this application also provides a resource indicator device. This resource indicator device can realize the functions of the reader device in the foregoing embodiments.

[0302] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG22, a resource indication device is provided, disposed in a reader device, the device comprising:

[0303] The sending module 2200 is used to send resource indication information to AIoT devices;

[0304] The resource indication information is used to indicate the resource set of resources used by the AIoT device to send the first information to the reader device, and the resource set includes at least one random access resource.

[0305] In some embodiments, the sending module 2200 is configured to send a first signaling to an AIoT device, the first signaling including the resource indication information.

[0306] For information on the resource indication information in the resource indication device and its beneficial effects, please refer to the above-mentioned information on resource indication information for AIoT devices, which will not be repeated here.

[0307] It should be noted that the resource indication device provided in this application embodiment can implement all the method steps implemented in the above-mentioned resource indication method embodiment for reader device, and can achieve the same technical effect. Here, the parts that are the same as those in the method embodiment and the beneficial effects will not be described in detail.

[0308] Each module in the aforementioned resource indication device can be implemented entirely or partially through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. These modules can be embedded in the processor of the reader device in hardware form or independent of it, or stored in the memory of the reader device in software form, so that the processor can call and execute the operations corresponding to each module.

[0309] Based on the same technical concept, this application also provides an AIoT device. This AIoT device can achieve the functions of the AIoT device in the foregoing embodiments.

[0310] Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of an AIoT device provided in an embodiment of this application. The AIoT device may include a processor 2300, a transceiver 2310, and a memory 2320. The transceiver 2310 is used to receive and send data under the control of the processor 2300.

[0311] In Figure 23, the bus architecture can include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, specifically linking various circuits of one or more processors represented by processor 2300 and memory represented by memory 2320. The bus architecture can also link various other circuits such as peripheral devices, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and therefore will not be described further herein. The bus interface provides the interface.

[0312] The transceiver 2310 may consist of multiple components, including a transmitter and a receiver, providing a unit for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium, including wireless channels, wired channels, optical fibers, and other transmission media. For different user equipment, the user interface 2330 may also be an interface capable of connecting external or internal devices, including but not limited to keypads, displays, speakers, microphones, joysticks, etc.

[0313] The processor 2300 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, while the memory 2320 can store the data used by the processor 2300 when performing operations.

[0314] In some embodiments, the processor 2300 may be a CPU (Central Processing Unit), an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), a FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), or a CPLD (Complex Programmable Logic Device). The processor 2300 may also employ a multi-core architecture. The processor 2300 and the memory 2320 may also be physically separated.

[0315] The processor 2300 invokes a program stored in memory to perform the following steps according to the obtained executable instructions:

[0316] The transceiver 2310 is controlled to receive resource indication information sent by the reader device;

[0317] The resource indication information is used to indicate the resource set of resources used by the AIoT device to send the first information to the reader device, and the resource set includes at least one random access resource.

[0318] In some embodiments, the resource set used by the AIoT device to send the first information to the reader device includes:

[0319] Different AIoT devices compete to send the first information to the reader device using a competitive random access CBRA method, which is the set of resources used by the device.

[0320] Alternatively, at least one AIoT device may send the resource set of the first information to the reader device using a non-contentionable random access (CFRA) method, wherein the first information includes first device-to-reader (D2R) information.

[0321] In some embodiments, the processor 2300 is configured to perform the following operations:

[0322] The transceiver 2310 is controlled to receive a first signaling sent by the reader device, the first signaling including the resource indication information.

[0323] In some embodiments, the processor 2300 is further configured to perform the following operations:

[0324] The resource set is determined based on the resource indication information;

[0325] The transceiver 2310 is controlled to send the first information to the reader device on the random access resources included in the resource set.

[0326] In some embodiments, the resource indication information includes time-domain resource indication information, or the resource indication information includes both time-domain resource indication information and frequency-domain resource indication information;

[0327] The time-domain resource indication information is used to indicate at least one time-domain resource, and the frequency-domain resource indication information is used to indicate at least one frequency-domain resource.

[0328] In some embodiments, the time-domain resource indication information includes at least one of the following:

[0329] The time-domain start position, wherein the time-domain start position includes the time-domain start position of the first time-domain resource among the at least one time-domain resources, or includes the time-domain start position of each of the at least one time-domain resources;

[0330] The time domain duration, wherein the time domain duration of each of the at least one time domain resource is the same;

[0331] The total temporal duration of the at least one temporal resource;

[0332] Quantity of time-domain resources.

[0333] In some embodiments, the time-domain resource indication information includes:

[0334] The information transmission duration of the time-domain resource, wherein the information transmission duration of each of the at least one time-domain resource is the same; and / or,

[0335] The redundancy duration of the time-domain resources, wherein the redundancy duration of each of the at least one time-domain resources is the same.

[0336] In some embodiments, the time-domain start position satisfies at least one of the following:

[0337] The starting position in the time domain is an absolute time position;

[0338] The time domain start position is aligned with the first boundary, which is a subframe boundary, a time slot boundary, a mini time slot boundary, or a symbol boundary.

[0339] The time-domain start position is indicated by a time offset relative to a time-domain reference position, which includes any of the following:

[0340] The time-domain start position of the time-domain resource corresponding to the first signaling, wherein the first signaling includes the resource indication information;

[0341] The time-domain end position of the time-domain resource corresponding to the first signaling;

[0342] The time-domain start position of the time-domain resource corresponding to the physical reader-to-device transmission channel PRDCH channel carrying the first signaling;

[0343] The time-domain end position of the time-domain resources corresponding to the PRDCH channel.

[0344] In some embodiments, when the time domain start position is aligned with the first boundary, the time domain end position corresponding to the time domain start position is aligned with the second boundary, the second boundary has the same time domain granularity as the first boundary, and the second boundary is a subframe boundary, a time slot boundary, a mini time slot boundary, or a symbol boundary;

[0345] Alternatively, the time-domain resource indication information may further include a time-domain interval, which is used to characterize the time interval between two adjacent time-domain resources in the at least one time-domain resource, and the time-domain end position of the time-domain interval is aligned with the second boundary.

[0346] In some embodiments, the time-domain duration is determined based on the information transmission duration and the redundancy duration;

[0347] Alternatively, if the time-domain resource indication information includes the information transmission duration, but the time-domain resource indication information does not include the time-domain duration and the redundancy duration, the redundancy duration is predefined by the protocol, and the time-domain duration is determined based on the information transmission duration and the predefined redundancy duration.

[0348] In some embodiments, the redundancy duration is a preset time, or the redundancy duration and the information transmission duration satisfy a proportional relationship.

[0349] In some embodiments, the frequency domain resource indication information includes at least one of the following:

[0350] Frequency domain resource location, wherein the frequency domain resource location is the frequency domain starting position of the first frequency domain resource among the at least one frequency domain resources, or the frequency domain center position of the at least one frequency domain resource;

[0351] Frequency domain bandwidth, wherein the frequency domain bandwidth of each of the at least one frequency domain resource is the same;

[0352] The total frequency domain bandwidth of the at least one frequency domain resource;

[0353] Quantity of frequency domain resources;

[0354] The frequency offset of the frequency domain starting position of the at least one frequency domain resource relative to the carrier transmission frequency.

[0355] In some embodiments, the frequency domain resource indication information includes a maximum number of frequency offset factors, which are used to determine the frequency offset of the frequency domain starting position of the frequency domain resource relative to the carrier transmission frequency point, and the maximum number of frequency offset factors is equal to the number of frequency domain resources of the at least one frequency domain resource.

[0356] And / or, the frequency domain resource indication information includes a set of frequency offset factors, the set of frequency offset factors includes at least one of the frequency offset factors, and the number of at least one of the frequency offset factors is equal to the number of frequency domain resources.

[0357] In some embodiments, the frequency domain start position satisfies any one of the following:

[0358] The starting position of the frequency domain is the absolute frequency position;

[0359] The starting position of the frequency domain is indicated by the resource block RB index;

[0360] The frequency domain start position is indicated by the frequency offset of the frequency domain resource with the lowest frequency among the at least one frequency domain resources relative to the system bandwidth.

[0361] In some embodiments, when the frequency domain resource indication information does not include the number of frequency domain resources, and the frequency domain resource indication information does not simultaneously include both the frequency domain bandwidth and the total frequency domain bandwidth, the number of frequency domain resources is defaulted to 1; and / or,

[0362] If the time-domain resource indication information does not include the number of time-domain resources, and the time-domain resource indication information does not simultaneously include the time-domain duration and the total time-domain duration, the number of time-domain resources is 1 by default.

[0363] In some embodiments, the CBRA method includes a first type of CBRA and a second type of CBRA;

[0364] The resource indication information is used to indicate the resource set that different AIoT devices compete to send the first information to the reader device during the first type of CBRA process, and / or to indicate the resource set that different AIoT devices compete to send the first information to the reader device during the second type of CBRA process.

[0365] It should be noted that the A-IoT device provided in this application embodiment can implement all the method steps implemented in the above-described resource indication method embodiment for AIoT devices, and can achieve the same technical effect. Here, the parts that are the same as those in the method embodiment and the beneficial effects will not be described in detail.

[0366] Based on the same technical concept, this application also provides a reader device. This reader device can achieve the functions of the reader device in the foregoing embodiments.

[0367] Figure 24 is a schematic diagram of a reader device provided in an embodiment of this application. The reader device may include a processor 2400, a transceiver 2410, and a memory 2420. The transceiver 2410 is used to receive and transmit data under the control of the processor 2400.

[0368] In Figure 24, the bus architecture may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, specifically linking various circuits of one or more processors represented by processor 2400 and memory represented by memory 2420. The bus architecture may also link various other circuits such as peripheral devices, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and therefore will not be described further herein. The bus interface provides the interface.

[0369] The transceiver 2410 may consist of multiple components, including a transmitter and a receiver, providing a unit for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium, including wireless channels, wired channels, optical fibers, etc. The processor 2400 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, and the memory 2420 can store data used by the processor 2400 during operation.

[0370] The processor 2400 can be a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or a complex programmable logic device (CPLD). The processor 2400 can also adopt a multi-core architecture.

[0371] The processor 2400 invokes the program stored in memory 2420 to execute the following steps according to the obtained executable instructions:

[0372] Control the transceiver 2410 to send resource indication information to the AIoT device;

[0373] The resource indication information is used to indicate the resource set of resources used by the AIoT device to send the first information to the reader device, and the resource set includes at least one random access resource.

[0374] In some embodiments, the processor 2400 is configured to perform the following operations:

[0375] The transceiver 2410 is controlled to send a first signaling message to the AIoT device, the first signaling message including the resource indication information.

[0376] For information on the resource indication information in reader devices and its beneficial effects, please refer to the above-mentioned information on resource indication information for AIoT devices, which will not be repeated here.

[0377] In some embodiments, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which may be any available medium or data storage device that can be accessed by a processor, including but not limited to magnetic memory (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape, magneto-optical disk (MO) etc.), optical memory (e.g., CD, DVD, BD, HVD etc.), and semiconductor memory (e.g., ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, non-volatile memory (NAND FLASH), solid-state drive (SSD) etc.).

[0378] In some embodiments, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, performs the following steps:

[0379] Receive resource indication information sent by the reader device;

[0380] The resource indication information is used to indicate the resource set of resources used by the AIoT device to send the first information to the reader device, and the resource set includes at least one random access resource.

[0381] In some embodiments, the resource set used by the AIoT device to send the first information to the reader device includes:

[0382] Different AIoT devices compete to send the first information to the reader device using a competitive random access CBRA method, which is the set of resources used by the device.

[0383] Alternatively, at least one AIoT device may send the resource set of the first information to the reader device using a non-contentionable random access (CFRA) method, wherein the first information includes first device-to-reader (D2R) information.

[0384] In some embodiments, when the computer program is executed by a processor, it performs the following steps:

[0385] The reader device sends a first signaling message, which includes the resource indication information.

[0386] In some embodiments, when the computer program is executed by a processor, it further performs the following steps:

[0387] The resource set is determined based on the resource indication information;

[0388] The first information is sent to the reader device on the random access resources included in the resource set.

[0389] For information on the relevant content and beneficial effects of resource indication information, please refer to the above-mentioned content on resource indication information for AIoT devices, which will not be repeated here.

[0390] In some embodiments, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, performs the following steps:

[0391] Resource indication information sent to AIoT devices;

[0392] The resource indication information is used to indicate the resource set of resources used by the AIoT device to send the first information to the reader device, and the resource set includes at least one random access resource.

[0393] In some embodiments, when the computer program is executed by a processor, it performs the following steps:

[0394] Send a first signaling message to the AIoT device, the first signaling message including the resource indication information.

[0395] For information on the relevant content and beneficial effects of resource indication information, please refer to the above-mentioned content on resource indication information for AIoT devices, which will not be repeated here.

[0396] Figure 25 is a schematic structural diagram of a chip according to an embodiment of this application. The chip 2500 shown in Figure 25 includes a processor 2510, which can call and run computer programs from memory to implement the methods in the embodiments of this application.

[0397] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG25, chip 2500 may further include memory 2520. Processor 2510 may retrieve and run computer programs from memory 2520 to implement the methods described in the embodiments of this application.

[0398] The memory 2520 can be a separate device independent of the processor 2510, or it can be integrated into the processor 2510.

[0399] In some embodiments, the chip 2500 may further include an input interface 2530. The processor 2510 can control the input interface 2530 to communicate with other devices or chips; specifically, it can acquire information or data sent by other devices or chips.

[0400] In some embodiments, the chip 2500 may further include an output interface 2540. The processor 2510 can control the output interface 2540 to communicate with other devices or chips; specifically, it can output information or data to other devices or chips.

[0401] In some embodiments, the chip 2500 can be applied to the network element device in the embodiments of this application, and the chip 2500 can implement the corresponding processes implemented in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

[0402] It should be understood that the chip 2500 mentioned in the embodiments of this application may also be referred to as a system-on-a-chip, system chip, chip system, or system-on-a-chip, etc.

[0403] In some embodiments, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, performs the following steps:

[0404] Receive resource indication information sent by the reader device;

[0405] The resource indication information is used to indicate the resource set of resources used by the AIoT device to send the first information to the reader device, and the resource set includes at least one random access resource.

[0406] In some embodiments, the resource set used by the AIoT device to send the first information to the reader device includes:

[0407] Different AIoT devices compete to send the first information to the reader device using a competitive random access CBRA method, which is the set of resources used by the device.

[0408] Alternatively, at least one AIoT device may send the resource set of the first information to the reader device using a non-contentionable random access (CFRA) method, wherein the first information includes first device-to-reader (D2R) information.

[0409] In some embodiments, when the computer program is executed by a processor, it performs the following steps:

[0410] The reader device sends a first signaling message, which includes the resource indication information.

[0411] In some embodiments, when the computer program is executed by a processor, it further performs the following steps:

[0412] The resource set is determined based on the resource indication information;

[0413] The first information is sent to the reader device on the random access resources included in the resource set.

[0414] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. Any references to memory, storage, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, or optical storage, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can be in various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM), etc.

[0415] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0416] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A resource indication method, wherein, For environmental IoT (AIoT) devices, the method includes: Receive resource indication information sent by the reader device; The resource indication information is used to indicate the resource set of resources used by the AIoT device to send the first information to the reader device, and the resource set includes at least one random access resource.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The set of resources used by the AIoT device to send the first information to the reader device includes: Different AIoT devices compete to send the first information to the reader device using a competitive random access CBRA method, which is the set of resources used by the device. Alternatively, at least one AIoT device may send the resource set of the first information to the reader device using a non-contentionable random access (CFRA) method, wherein the first information includes first device-to-reader (D2R) information.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The resource indication information sent by the receiving reader device includes: The reader device sends a first signaling message, which includes the resource indication information.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The method further includes: The resource set is determined based on the resource indication information; The first information is sent to the reader device on the random access resources included in the resource set.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The resource indication information includes time-domain resource indication information, or the resource indication information includes both time-domain resource indication information and frequency-domain resource indication information; The time-domain resource indication information is used to indicate at least one time-domain resource, and the frequency-domain resource indication information is used to indicate at least one frequency-domain resource.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein, The time-domain resource indication information includes at least one of the following: The time-domain start position, wherein the time-domain start position includes the time-domain start position of the first time-domain resource among the at least one time-domain resources, or includes the time-domain start position of each of the at least one time-domain resources; The time domain duration, wherein the time domain duration of each of the at least one time domain resource is the same; The total temporal duration of the at least one temporal resource; Quantity of time-domain resources.

7. The method according to claim 5, wherein, The time-domain resource indication information includes: The information transmission duration of the time-domain resource, wherein the information transmission duration of each of the at least one time-domain resource is the same; and / or, The redundancy duration of the time-domain resources, wherein the redundancy duration of each of the at least one time-domain resources is the same.

8. The method according to claim 6, wherein, The time-domain start position satisfies at least one of the following: The starting position in the time domain is an absolute time position; The time domain start position is aligned with the first boundary, which is a subframe boundary, a time slot boundary, a mini time slot boundary, or a symbol boundary. The time-domain start position is indicated by a time offset relative to a time-domain reference position, which includes any of the following: The time-domain start position of the time-domain resource corresponding to the first signaling, wherein the first signaling includes the resource indication information; The time-domain end position of the time-domain resource corresponding to the first signaling; The time-domain start position of the time-domain resource corresponding to the physical reader-to-device transmission channel PRDCH channel carrying the first signaling; The time-domain end position of the time-domain resources corresponding to the PRDCH channel.

9. The method according to claim 6, wherein, When the time domain start position is aligned with the first boundary, the time domain end position corresponding to the time domain start position is aligned with the second boundary. The second boundary has the same time domain granularity as the first boundary. The second boundary is a subframe boundary, a time slot boundary, a mini time slot boundary, or a symbol boundary. Alternatively, the time-domain resource indication information may further include a time-domain interval, which is used to characterize the time interval between two adjacent time-domain resources in the at least one time-domain resource, and the time-domain end position of the time-domain interval is aligned with the second boundary.

10. The method according to claim 6, wherein, The time domain duration is determined based on the information transmission duration and the redundancy duration. Alternatively, if the time-domain resource indication information includes the information transmission duration, but the time-domain resource indication information does not include the time-domain duration and the redundancy duration, the redundancy duration is predefined by the protocol, and the time-domain duration is determined based on the information transmission duration and the predefined redundancy duration.

11. The method according to claim 7 or 10, wherein, The redundancy duration is a preset time, or the redundancy duration and the information transmission duration satisfy a proportional relationship.

12. The method according to claim 5, wherein, The frequency domain resource indication information includes at least one of the following: Frequency domain resource location, wherein the frequency domain resource location is the frequency domain starting position of the first frequency domain resource among the at least one frequency domain resources, or the frequency domain center position of the at least one frequency domain resource; Frequency domain bandwidth, wherein the frequency domain bandwidth of each of the at least one frequency domain resource is the same; The total frequency domain bandwidth of the at least one frequency domain resource; Quantity of frequency domain resources; The frequency offset of the frequency domain starting position of the at least one frequency domain resource relative to the carrier transmission frequency.

13. The method according to claim 5, wherein, The frequency domain resource indication information includes a maximum number of frequency offset factors, which are used to determine the frequency offset of the frequency domain starting position of the frequency domain resource relative to the carrier transmission frequency point. The maximum number of frequency offset factors is equal to the number of frequency domain resources of the at least one frequency domain resource. And / or, the frequency domain resource indication information includes a set of frequency offset factors, the set of frequency offset factors includes at least one of the frequency offset factors, and the number of at least one of the frequency offset factors is equal to the number of frequency domain resources.

14. The method according to claim 12, wherein, The frequency domain start position satisfies any one of the following: The starting position of the frequency domain is the absolute frequency position; The starting position of the frequency domain is indicated by the resource block RB index; The frequency domain start position is indicated by the frequency offset of the frequency domain resource with the lowest frequency among the at least one frequency domain resources relative to the system bandwidth.

15. The method according to claim 5, wherein, If the frequency domain resource indication information does not include the number of frequency domain resources, and the frequency domain resource indication information does not simultaneously include both the frequency domain bandwidth and the total frequency domain bandwidth, the number of frequency domain resources defaults to 1; and / or, If the time-domain resource indication information does not include the number of time-domain resources, and the time-domain resource indication information does not simultaneously include the time-domain duration and the total time-domain duration, the number of time-domain resources is 1 by default.

16. The method according to claim 2, wherein, The CBRA method includes a first type of CBRA and a second type of CBRA; The resource indication information is used to indicate the resource set that different AIoT devices compete to send the first information to the reader device during the first type of CBRA process, and / or to indicate the resource set that different AIoT devices compete to send the first information to the reader device during the second type of CBRA process.

17. A resource indication method, wherein, For a reader device, the method includes: Resource indication information sent to AIoT devices; The resource indication information is used to indicate the resource set of resources used by the AIoT device to send the first information to the reader device, and the resource set includes at least one random access resource.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein, The resource indication information sent to the AIoT device includes: Send a first signaling message to the AIoT device, the first signaling message including the resource indication information.

19. A resource indicating device, wherein, For AIoT devices, the device includes: The receiving module is used to receive resource indication information sent by the reader device; The resource indication information is used to indicate the resource set of resources used by the AIoT device to send the first information to the reader device, and the resource set includes at least one random access resource.

20. A resource indicating device, wherein, For a reader device, the means includes: The sending module is used to send resource indication information to AIoT devices; The resource indication information is used to indicate the resource set of resources used by the AIoT device to send the first information to the reader device, and the resource set includes at least one random access resource.

21. An AIoT device, wherein, Includes memory, transceiver, and processor: A memory for storing computer programs; a transceiver for sending and receiving data under the control of the processor; and a processor for reading the computer programs from the memory and performing the following operations: Control the transceiver to receive resource indication information sent by the reader device; The resource indication information is used to indicate the resource set of resources used by the AIoT device to send the first information to the reader device, and the resource set includes at least one random access resource.

22. A reader device, wherein, Includes memory, transceiver, and processor: Memory, used to store computer programs; The transceiver is used to send and receive data under the control of the processor; the processor is used to read the computer program in the memory and perform the following operations: Control the transceiver to send resource indication information to the AIoT device; The resource indication information is used to indicate the resource set of resources used by the AIoT device to send the first information to the reader device, and the resource set includes at least one random access resource.

23. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 16; or, when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 17 to 18.

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