Communication method and apparatus
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-02-04
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-13
Smart Images
Figure CN2026076956_13082026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
A communication method and apparatus
[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202510145198.0, filed on February 7, 2025, entitled "A Communication Method and Apparatus", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field
[0002] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and apparatus. Background Technology
[0003] In network communication, for example, the ambient internet of things (A-IoT) can be implemented based on cellular network communication infrastructure, consisting of readers and A-IoT terminal devices. Both readers and A-IoT terminal devices can be devices within the cellular network. For example, the functionality of a reader can be implemented by network devices, such as base stations. A-IoT terminal devices can be implemented by terminals within the cellular network, such as ultra-low power, ultra-low complexity IoT terminals.
[0004] In related technologies, a reader can trigger multiple access resources. Multiple A-IoT terminal devices select access resources and send access information carrying random identifiers. The reader can merge the random identifiers contained in multiple access messages into one message for transmission, indicating to A-IoT terminal devices that have successfully accessed the network. However, when two identical random identifiers are sent on different access resources, A-IoT terminal devices that have failed to access the network may mistakenly believe that they have successfully accessed the network. Summary of the Invention
[0005] This application provides a communication method and apparatus that can associate access resources with identification information to indicate which devices have successfully accessed the network, or which data transmission has been successful, or which data needs to be sent.
[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a communication method, which can be applied to a first device, the method comprising:
[0007] Send a first message, the first message including a first random number and / or first data;
[0008] Receive second information, the second information including identification information associated with at least one access resource, the second information being used to determine at least one of the following: whether the first device successfully accesses the second device, whether the first information is successfully transmitted, or whether the first device needs to send data;
[0009] Wherein, each of the at least one access resource is included in the candidate access resources for at least one device to access the second device, and the at least one device includes the first device.
[0010] In the above method, at least one access resource is associated with the identification information. Since the access resource is associated with the first device, the identification information can be used to indicate which first devices have successfully accessed the network, successfully transmitted data, or need to send data.
[0011] In one possible implementation, the first information includes the first random number, and the second information is used to determine whether the first device has successfully connected to the second device. If the at least one access resource includes the first access resource, and the second information also includes the first random number associated with the first access resource, then the first device has successfully connected to the second device. Alternatively, if the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource, and / or the second information does not include the first random number, then the first device has not successfully connected to the second device.
[0012] Through the above implementation method, in the access scenario, the first device can be indicated by the access resource associated with the identification information to indicate whether the access is successful or unsuccessful, so that the first device can accurately know whether it has successfully accessed the network.
[0013] In one possible implementation, the first information includes the first data, and the second information is used to determine whether the first information was successfully transmitted. If the at least one access resource includes the first access resource, then the first information was successfully transmitted. Alternatively, if the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource, then the first information transmission failed.
[0014] In one possible implementation, the first information includes the first data, and the second information is used to determine whether the first information was successfully transmitted. If the at least one access resource includes one access resource, then the first information was successfully transmitted. Alternatively, if the at least one access resource includes multiple access resources, then the first information transmission failed.
[0015] In one possible implementation, the first information includes the first data, and the second information is used to determine whether the first information transmission failed. If the at least one access resource includes the first access resource, then the first information transmission failed. Alternatively, if the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource, then the first information transmission succeeded.
[0016] In one possible implementation, the first information includes the first data, and the second information is used to determine whether the first information transmission failed. If the at least one access resource includes one access resource, then the first information transmission failed. Alternatively, if the at least one access resource includes multiple access resources, then the first information transmission succeeded.
[0017] Through the above implementation method, in a data transmission scenario, the first device can be indicated by the access resource associated with the identification information to indicate whether the transmission was successful or failed, so that the first device can accurately know whether its transmission was successful.
[0018] In one possible implementation, the first information includes the first data, and the second information is used to determine whether the first device needs to send data. If the at least one access resource includes the first access resource, then the first device needs to send data. Alternatively, if the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource, then the first device does not need to send data.
[0019] Through the above implementation method, in the scheduling scenario, the access resource associated with the identification information can be used to indicate the first device that needs to send data, so that the first device can accurately know whether it needs to send data.
[0020] Wherein, the first access resource is the resource used by the first device to access the second device, and the first access resource includes a first time domain resource and / or a first frequency domain resource.
[0021] In one possible implementation, the at least one access resource includes at least one access opportunity, each of the at least one access opportunity including time-domain resources and / or frequency-domain resources;
[0022] The identification information includes a first bitmap information associated with the at least one access opportunity, wherein the first bitmap information includes bitmap information associated with each access opportunity.
[0023] In one possible implementation, if the bitmap information associated with the first access resource in the first bitmap information has a first value, then the at least one access resource includes the first access resource. Alternatively, if the bitmap information associated with the first access resource in the first bitmap information has a second value, then the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource.
[0024] In one possible implementation, the at least one access resource includes at least one time-domain resource and at least one frequency-domain resource, each of the at least one access resource including both time-domain and frequency-domain resources;
[0025] The identification information includes second bitmap information associated with the at least one time-domain resource and third bitmap information associated with the at least one frequency-domain resource. The second bitmap information includes bitmap information associated with each of the at least one time-domain resources, and the third bitmap information includes bitmap information associated with each of the at least one frequency-domain resources.
[0026] In one possible implementation, if the bitmap information associated with the first time-domain resource in the second bitmap information is a first value, and the bitmap information associated with the first frequency-domain resource in the third bitmap information is a first value, then the at least one access resource includes the first access resource. Alternatively, if the bitmap information associated with the first time-domain resource in the second bitmap information is a second value, and / or the bitmap information associated with the first frequency-domain resource in the third bitmap information is a second value, then the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource.
[0027] Through the above implementation method, bitmaps are used to associate access resources. Bitmaps require less overhead, which can reduce the overhead of indicating the associated access resources.
[0028] In one possible implementation, the at least one access resource includes at least one access opportunity, each of the at least one access opportunity including time-domain resources and / or frequency-domain resources;
[0029] The identification information includes first index information for the at least one access opportunity, wherein the first index information includes an index of each access opportunity in the candidate access resources.
[0030] In one possible implementation, the identification information may further include information indicating the number of indexes for the access opportunities.
[0031] In one possible implementation, if the first index information includes an index of the first access resource in the candidate access resources, then the at least one access resource includes the first access resource. Alternatively, if the first index information does not include an index of the first access resource in the candidate access resources, then the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource.
[0032] In one possible implementation, the at least one access resource includes at least one time-domain resource and at least one frequency-domain resource, each of the at least one access resource including both time-domain and frequency-domain resources;
[0033] The identification information includes second index information of the at least one time-domain resource and third index information of the at least one frequency-domain resource. The second index information includes the index of each time-domain resource in the candidate access resource, and the third index information includes the index of each frequency-domain resource in the candidate access resource.
[0034] In one possible implementation, the identification information further includes information indicating the number of indexes of the time-domain resource, and / or information indicating the number of indexes of the frequency-domain resource.
[0035] In one possible implementation, if the second index information includes the index of the first time-domain resource in the candidate access resources, and the third index information includes the index of the first frequency-domain resource in the candidate access resources, then the at least one access resource includes the first access resource. Alternatively, if the second index information does not include the index of the first time-domain resource in the candidate access resources, and / or the third index information does not include the index of the first frequency-domain resource in the candidate access resources, then the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource.
[0036] Through the above implementation method, access resources are associated using an index. The index requires less overhead, which can reduce the overhead of indicating the associated access resources.
[0037] In one possible implementation, the identification information is used for at least one of scrambling, descrambling, or cyclic redundancy check of the second information.
[0038] Secondly, this application provides a communication method that can be applied to a second device, the method comprising:
[0039] Receive first information, the first information including a first random number and / or first data;
[0040] Send a second message, the second message including identification information associated with at least one access resource, the second message being used to determine at least one of the following: whether the first device has successfully accessed the second device, whether the first message has been successfully transmitted, or whether the first device needs to send data;
[0041] Wherein, each of the at least one access resource is included in the candidate access resources for at least one device to access the second device, and the at least one device includes the first device.
[0042] In one possible implementation, the first information includes the first random number, and the second information is used to determine whether the first device has successfully connected to the second device. If the at least one access resource includes the first access resource, and the second information also includes the first random number associated with the first access resource, then the first device has successfully connected to the second device. Alternatively, if the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource, and / or the second information does not include the first random number, then the first device has not successfully connected to the second device.
[0043] In one possible implementation, the first information includes the first data, and the second information is used to determine whether the first information was successfully transmitted. If the at least one access resource includes the first access resource, then the first information was successfully transmitted. Alternatively, if the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource, then the first information transmission failed.
[0044] In one possible implementation, the first information includes the first data, and the second information is used to determine whether the first information was successfully transmitted. If the at least one access resource includes one access resource, then the first information was successfully transmitted. Alternatively, if the at least one access resource includes multiple access resources, then the first information transmission failed.
[0045] In one possible implementation, the first information includes the first data, and the second information is used to determine whether the first information transmission failed. If the at least one access resource includes the first access resource, then the first information transmission failed. Alternatively, if the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource, then the first information transmission succeeded.
[0046] In one possible implementation, the first information includes the first data, and the second information is used to determine whether the first information transmission failed. If the at least one access resource includes one access resource, then the first information transmission failed. Alternatively, if the at least one access resource includes multiple access resources, then the first information transmission succeeded.
[0047] In one possible implementation, the first information includes the first data, and the second information is used to determine whether the first device needs to send data. If the at least one access resource includes the first access resource, then the first device needs to send data. Alternatively, if the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource, then the first device does not need to send data.
[0048] Wherein, the first access resource is the resource used by the first device to access the second device, and the first access resource includes a first time domain resource and / or a first frequency domain resource.
[0049] In one possible implementation, the at least one access resource includes at least one access opportunity, each of the at least one access opportunity including time-domain resources and / or frequency-domain resources;
[0050] The identification information includes a first bitmap information associated with the at least one access opportunity, wherein the first bitmap information includes bitmap information associated with each access opportunity.
[0051] In one possible implementation, if the bitmap information associated with the first access resource in the first bitmap information has a first value, then the at least one access resource includes the first access resource. Alternatively, if the bitmap information associated with the first access resource in the first bitmap information has a second value, then the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource.
[0052] In one possible implementation, the at least one access resource includes at least one time-domain resource and at least one frequency-domain resource, each of the at least one access resource including both time-domain and frequency-domain resources;
[0053] The identification information includes second bitmap information associated with the at least one time-domain resource and third bitmap information associated with the at least one frequency-domain resource. The second bitmap information includes bitmap information associated with each of the at least one time-domain resources, and the third bitmap information includes bitmap information associated with each of the at least one frequency-domain resources.
[0054] In one possible implementation, if the bitmap information associated with the first time-domain resource in the second bitmap information is a first value, and the bitmap information associated with the first frequency-domain resource in the third bitmap information is a first value, then the at least one access resource includes the first access resource. Alternatively, if the bitmap information associated with the first time-domain resource in the second bitmap information is a second value, and / or the bitmap information associated with the first frequency-domain resource in the third bitmap information is a second value, then the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource.
[0055] In one possible implementation, the at least one access resource includes at least one access opportunity, each of the at least one access opportunity including time-domain resources and / or frequency-domain resources;
[0056] The identification information includes first index information for the at least one access opportunity, wherein the first index information includes an index of each access opportunity in the candidate access resources.
[0057] In one possible implementation, the identification information may further include information indicating the number of indexes for the access opportunities.
[0058] In one possible implementation, if the first index information includes an index of the first access resource in the candidate access resources, then the at least one access resource includes the first access resource. Alternatively, if the first index information does not include an index of the first access resource in the candidate access resources, then the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource.
[0059] In one possible implementation, the at least one access resource includes at least one time-domain resource and at least one frequency-domain resource, each of the at least one access resource including both time-domain and frequency-domain resources;
[0060] The identification information includes second index information of the at least one time-domain resource and third index information of the at least one frequency-domain resource. The second index information includes the index of each time-domain resource in the candidate access resource, and the third index information includes the index of each frequency-domain resource in the candidate access resource.
[0061] In one possible implementation, the identification information further includes information indicating the number of indexes of the time-domain resource, and / or information indicating the number of indexes of the frequency-domain resource.
[0062] In one possible implementation, if the second index information includes the index of the first time-domain resource in the candidate access resources, and the third index information includes the index of the first frequency-domain resource in the candidate access resources, then the at least one access resource includes the first access resource. Alternatively, if the second index information does not include the index of the first time-domain resource in the candidate access resources, and / or the third index information does not include the index of the first frequency-domain resource in the candidate access resources, then the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource.
[0063] In one possible implementation, the identification information is used for at least one of scrambling, descrambling, or cyclic redundancy check of the second information.
[0064] Thirdly, this application provides a communication device that includes modules, units, or means for performing methods as described in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof. These modules, units, or means may be implemented in software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware.
[0065] In one possible implementation, the device includes:
[0066] A transceiver unit is configured to transmit first information, the first information including a first random number and / or first data;
[0067] The transceiver unit is further configured to receive second information, the second information including identification information associated with at least one access resource, the second information being used to determine at least one of the following: whether the first device has successfully accessed the second device, whether the first information has been successfully transmitted, or whether the first device needs to send data;
[0068] Wherein, each of the at least one access resource is included in the candidate access resources for at least one device to access the second device, and the at least one device includes the first device.
[0069] In one possible implementation, the first information includes the first random number, and the second information is used to determine whether the first device has successfully connected to the second device. If the at least one access resource includes the first access resource, and the second information also includes the first random number associated with the first access resource, then the first device has successfully connected to the second device. Alternatively, if the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource, and / or the second information does not include the first random number, then the first device has not successfully connected to the second device.
[0070] In one possible implementation, the first information includes the first data, and the second information is used to determine whether the first information was successfully transmitted. If the at least one access resource includes the first access resource, then the first information was successfully transmitted. Alternatively, if the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource, then the first information transmission failed.
[0071] In one possible implementation, the first information includes the first data, and the second information is used to determine whether the first information was successfully transmitted. If the at least one access resource includes one access resource, then the first information was successfully transmitted. Alternatively, if the at least one access resource includes multiple access resources, then the first information transmission failed.
[0072] In one possible implementation, the first information includes the first data, and the second information is used to determine whether the first information transmission failed. If the at least one access resource includes the first access resource, then the first information transmission failed. Alternatively, if the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource, then the first information transmission succeeded.
[0073] In one possible implementation, the first information includes the first data, and the second information is used to determine whether the first information transmission failed. If the at least one access resource includes one access resource, then the first information transmission failed. Alternatively, if the at least one access resource includes multiple access resources, then the first information transmission succeeded.
[0074] In one possible implementation, the first information includes the first data, and the second information is used to determine whether the first device needs to send data. If the at least one access resource includes the first access resource, then the first device needs to send data. Alternatively, if the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource, then the first device does not need to send data.
[0075] Wherein, the first access resource is the resource used by the first device to access the second device, and the first access resource includes a first time domain resource and / or a first frequency domain resource.
[0076] In one possible implementation, the at least one access resource includes at least one access opportunity, each of the at least one access opportunity including time-domain resources and / or frequency-domain resources;
[0077] The identification information includes a first bitmap information associated with the at least one access opportunity, wherein the first bitmap information includes bitmap information associated with each access opportunity.
[0078] In one possible implementation, if the bitmap information associated with the first access resource in the first bitmap information has a first value, then the at least one access resource includes the first access resource. Alternatively, if the bitmap information associated with the first access resource in the first bitmap information has a second value, then the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource.
[0079] In one possible implementation, the at least one access resource includes at least one time-domain resource and at least one frequency-domain resource, each of the at least one access resource including both time-domain and frequency-domain resources;
[0080] The identification information includes second bitmap information associated with the at least one time-domain resource and third bitmap information associated with the at least one frequency-domain resource. The second bitmap information includes bitmap information associated with each of the at least one time-domain resources, and the third bitmap information includes bitmap information associated with each of the at least one frequency-domain resources.
[0081] In one possible implementation, if the bitmap information associated with the first time-domain resource in the second bitmap information is a first value, and the bitmap information associated with the first frequency-domain resource in the third bitmap information is a first value, then the at least one access resource includes the first access resource. Alternatively, if the bitmap information associated with the first time-domain resource in the second bitmap information is a second value, and / or the bitmap information associated with the first frequency-domain resource in the third bitmap information is a second value, then the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource.
[0082] In one possible implementation, the at least one access resource includes at least one access opportunity, each of the at least one access opportunity including time-domain resources and / or frequency-domain resources;
[0083] The identification information includes first index information for the at least one access opportunity, wherein the first index information includes an index of each access opportunity in the candidate access resources.
[0084] In one possible implementation, the identification information may further include information indicating the number of indexes for the access opportunities.
[0085] In one possible implementation, if the first index information includes an index of the first access resource in the candidate access resources, then the at least one access resource includes the first access resource. Alternatively, if the first index information does not include an index of the first access resource in the candidate access resources, then the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource.
[0086] In one possible implementation, the at least one access resource includes at least one time-domain resource and at least one frequency-domain resource, each of the at least one access resource including both time-domain and frequency-domain resources;
[0087] The identification information includes second index information of the at least one time-domain resource and third index information of the at least one frequency-domain resource. The second index information includes the index of each time-domain resource in the candidate access resource, and the third index information includes the index of each frequency-domain resource in the candidate access resource.
[0088] In one possible implementation, the identification information further includes information indicating the number of indexes of the time-domain resource, and / or information indicating the number of indexes of the frequency-domain resource.
[0089] In one possible implementation, if the second index information includes the index of the first time-domain resource in the candidate access resources, and the third index information includes the index of the first frequency-domain resource in the candidate access resources, then the at least one access resource includes the first access resource. Alternatively, if the second index information does not include the index of the first time-domain resource in the candidate access resources, and / or the third index information does not include the index of the first frequency-domain resource in the candidate access resources, then the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource.
[0090] In one possible implementation, the identification information is used for at least one of scrambling, descrambling, or cyclic redundancy check of the second information.
[0091] Fourthly, this application provides a communication device that includes modules, units, or means for performing methods as described in the second aspect or any possible implementation thereof. These modules, units, or means may be implemented in software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware.
[0092] In one possible implementation, the device includes:
[0093] Transceiver unit, configured to receive first information, the first information including a first random number and / or first data;
[0094] The transceiver unit is further configured to send second information, the second information including identification information associated with at least one access resource, the second information being used to determine at least one of the following: whether the first device has successfully accessed the second device, whether the first information has been successfully transmitted, or whether the first device needs to send data;
[0095] Wherein, each of the at least one access resource is included in the candidate access resources for at least one device to access the second device, and the at least one device includes the first device.
[0096] In one possible implementation, the first information includes the first random number, and the second information is used to determine whether the first device has successfully connected to the second device. If the at least one access resource includes the first access resource, and the second information also includes the first random number associated with the first access resource, then the first device has successfully connected to the second device. Alternatively, if the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource, and / or the second information does not include the first random number, then the first device has not successfully connected to the second device.
[0097] In one possible implementation, the first information includes the first data, and the second information is used to determine whether the first information was successfully transmitted. If the at least one access resource includes the first access resource, then the first information was successfully transmitted. Alternatively, if the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource, then the first information transmission failed.
[0098] In one possible implementation, the first information includes the first data, and the second information is used to determine whether the first information was successfully transmitted. If the at least one access resource includes one access resource, then the first information was successfully transmitted. Alternatively, if the at least one access resource includes multiple access resources, then the first information transmission failed.
[0099] In one possible implementation, the first information includes the first data, and the second information is used to determine whether the first information transmission failed. If the at least one access resource includes the first access resource, then the first information transmission failed. Alternatively, if the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource, then the first information transmission succeeded.
[0100] In one possible implementation, the first information includes the first data, and the second information is used to determine whether the first information transmission failed. If the at least one access resource includes one access resource, then the first information transmission failed. Alternatively, if the at least one access resource includes multiple access resources, then the first information transmission succeeded.
[0101] In one possible implementation, the first information includes the first data, and the second information is used to determine whether the first device needs to send data. If the at least one access resource includes the first access resource, then the first device needs to send data. Alternatively, if the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource, then the first device does not need to send data.
[0102] Wherein, the first access resource is the resource used by the first device to access the second device, and the first access resource includes a first time domain resource and / or a first frequency domain resource.
[0103] In one possible implementation, the at least one access resource includes at least one access opportunity, each of the at least one access opportunity including time-domain resources and / or frequency-domain resources;
[0104] The identification information includes a first bitmap information associated with the at least one access opportunity, wherein the first bitmap information includes bitmap information associated with each access opportunity.
[0105] In one possible implementation, if the bitmap information associated with the first access resource in the first bitmap information has a first value, then the at least one access resource includes the first access resource. Alternatively, if the bitmap information associated with the first access resource in the first bitmap information has a second value, then the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource.
[0106] In one possible implementation, the at least one access resource includes at least one time-domain resource and at least one frequency-domain resource, each of the at least one access resource including both time-domain and frequency-domain resources;
[0107] The identification information includes second bitmap information associated with the at least one time-domain resource and third bitmap information associated with the at least one frequency-domain resource. The second bitmap information includes bitmap information associated with each of the at least one time-domain resources, and the third bitmap information includes bitmap information associated with each of the at least one frequency-domain resources.
[0108] In one possible implementation, if the bitmap information associated with the first time-domain resource in the second bitmap information is a first value, and the bitmap information associated with the first frequency-domain resource in the third bitmap information is a first value, then the at least one access resource includes the first access resource. Alternatively, if the bitmap information associated with the first time-domain resource in the second bitmap information is a second value, and / or the bitmap information associated with the first frequency-domain resource in the third bitmap information is a second value, then the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource.
[0109] In one possible implementation, the at least one access resource includes at least one access opportunity, each of the at least one access opportunity including time-domain resources and / or frequency-domain resources;
[0110] The identification information includes first index information for the at least one access opportunity, wherein the first index information includes an index of each access opportunity in the candidate access resources.
[0111] In one possible implementation, the identification information may further include information indicating the number of indexes for the access opportunities.
[0112] In one possible implementation, if the first index information includes an index of the first access resource in the candidate access resources, then the at least one access resource includes the first access resource. Alternatively, if the first index information does not include an index of the first access resource in the candidate access resources, then the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource.
[0113] In one possible implementation, the at least one access resource includes at least one time-domain resource and at least one frequency-domain resource, each of the at least one access resource including both time-domain and frequency-domain resources;
[0114] The identification information includes second index information of the at least one time-domain resource and third index information of the at least one frequency-domain resource. The second index information includes the index of each time-domain resource in the candidate access resource, and the third index information includes the index of each frequency-domain resource in the candidate access resource.
[0115] In one possible implementation, the identification information further includes information indicating the number of indexes of the time-domain resource, and / or information indicating the number of indexes of the frequency-domain resource.
[0116] In one possible implementation, if the second index information includes the index of the first time-domain resource in the candidate access resources, and the third index information includes the index of the first frequency-domain resource in the candidate access resources, then the at least one access resource includes the first access resource. Alternatively, if the second index information does not include the index of the first time-domain resource in the candidate access resources, and / or the third index information does not include the index of the first frequency-domain resource in the candidate access resources, then the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource.
[0117] In one possible implementation, the identification information is used for at least one of scrambling, descrambling, or cyclic redundancy check of the second information.
[0118] Fifthly, this application provides a communication device including a processor for executing computer programs or instructions, which, when executed, cause the methods of any one of the first to second aspects or any possible implementations described above to be implemented. Optionally, the communication device further includes a memory. Optionally, the communication device further includes a communication interface, with the processor coupled to the communication interface.
[0119] In a sixth aspect, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program or instructions that, when executed, cause the method of any one of the first to second aspects or any possible implementation thereof to be implemented.
[0120] In a seventh aspect, this application provides a computer program product comprising a computer program or instructions that, when executed, cause the method of any one of the first to second aspects or any possible implementation thereof to be implemented.
[0121] Eighthly, this application provides a chip including a processor for executing computer programs or instructions, which, when executed, cause the methods of any one of the first to second aspects or any possible implementations described above to be implemented. Optionally, the chip further includes a communication interface for receiving or transmitting signals.
[0122] Ninthly, this application provides a chip including logic circuitry and an input / output interface. The logic circuitry is coupled to the input / output interface and transmits data through the input / output interface to perform the methods of any one of the first to second aspects or any possible implementation thereof.
[0123] In a tenth aspect, this application provides a communication system comprising a communication device as described in the third aspect or any possible implementation thereof, and / or a communication device as described in the fourth aspect or any possible implementation thereof.
[0124] Eleventhly, this application provides a communication system, which includes a first device and a second device. The first device is used to perform the method of the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof, and the second device is used to perform the method of the second aspect or any possible implementation thereof.
[0125] The beneficial effects of the second to eleventh aspects mentioned above can be referred to the description of the beneficial effects in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here.
[0126] Furthermore, in the process of executing any of the first to second aspects and any possible implementations of the method described above, the processes related to sending and / or receiving information can be understood as the process of the processor outputting information and / or the processor receiving input information. When outputting information, the processor can output the information to a transceiver (or communication interface, or transmitting module) for transmission. After the information is output by the processor, it may require further processing before reaching the transceiver. Similarly, when the processor receives input information, the transceiver (or communication interface, or transmitting module) receives the information and inputs it to the processor. Furthermore, after the transceiver receives the information, it may require further processing before being input to the processor.
[0127] Based on the above principles, for example, the information sent mentioned in the aforementioned method can be understood as information output by the processor. Similarly, the information received can be understood as information received by the processor from input.
[0128] Alternatively, the operations of transmitting, sending, and receiving involved in the processor can be more generally understood as processor output and receiving, input, etc., unless otherwise specified, or if they do not contradict their actual function or internal logic in the relevant description.
[0129] Optionally, in the process of executing the method of any of the first to second aspects and any possible implementations described above, the processor may be a processor specifically designed to execute these methods, or it may be a processor that executes these methods by executing computer instructions stored in memory, such as a general-purpose processor. The memory may be a non-transitory memory, such as read-only memory (ROM), which may be integrated with the processor on the same chip or disposed on separate chips. This application does not limit the type of memory or the arrangement of the memory and processor. Attached Figure Description
[0130] The accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly described below.
[0131] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the AS process;
[0132] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the RFID workflow;
[0133] Figures 3 to 7 are schematic diagrams of the network architecture provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0134] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of an O-RAN architecture provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0135] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of another O-RAN architecture provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0136] Figure 10 is a flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0137] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of an access scenario provided by an embodiment of this application;
[0138] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of a retransmission scenario provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0139] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of a data transmission scenario provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0140] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of a scheduling scenario provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0141] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of a candidate access resource provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0142] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of a second type of information provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0143] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of another type of second information provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0144] Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of yet another type of second information provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0145] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of yet another type of second information provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0146] Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of yet another type of second information provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0147] Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of yet another type of second information provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0148] Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of yet another type of second information provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0149] Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0150] Figure 24 is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0151] Figure 25 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a chip provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0152] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0153] In this application, the words "exemplarily" or "for example" are used to indicate that they are examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design that is described as "exemplarily" or "for example" in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design options. Rather, the use of the words "exemplarily" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.
[0154] The ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" mentioned in the embodiments of this application are used to distinguish multiple objects, and are not used to limit the order, sequence, priority, or importance of the multiple objects. Furthermore, "first" and "second" are not necessarily different. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.
[0155] The term "embodiment" as used herein means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those skilled in the art will explicitly and implicitly understand that, unless otherwise specified or logically conflicting, the terminology and / or descriptions between the various embodiments of this application are consistent and can be mutually referenced, and technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments based on their inherent logical relationships.
[0156] It should be understood that in this application, "at least one (item)" means one or more, "more than one" means two or more, "at least two (items)" means two or three or more, and "and / or" is used to describe the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: only A exists, only B exists, and A and B exist simultaneously, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the related objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. "At least one (item) of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one (item) of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.
[0157] In the description of this application, "instruction" can include direct and indirect instructions, as well as explicit and implicit instructions. The information indicated by a certain piece of information is called the information to be instructed. In the specific implementation process, there are many ways to instruct the information to be instructed. For example, the information to be instructed can be directly instructed, such as by instructing the information itself or its index. Alternatively, the information to be instructed can be indirectly indicated by instructing other information, where there is a relationship between the indicated other information and the information to be instructed. Another example is that only a part of the information to be instructed can be indicated, while the other parts are known or pre-agreed upon. Furthermore, the instruction of specific information can be achieved by using a pre-agreed (such as an agreement) arrangement of various pieces of information, thereby reducing the instruction overhead to some extent.
[0158] It is understood that in the description of this application, "when," "if," and "if" all refer to the device making a corresponding action under certain objective circumstances, and are not limited to a specific time, nor do they require the device to make a judgment action when it is implemented, nor do they imply any other limitations.
[0159] The following section introduces the technical terms and related technical knowledge that may be involved in the embodiments of this application. The terminology used in the implementation section of this application is only used to explain the specific embodiments of this application and is not intended to limit this application.
[0160] 1. Ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT)
[0161] With the development of communication technology, the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) defined the ambient internet of things (A-IoT) technology.
[0162] A-IoT is based on cellular network communication infrastructure and consists of readers (such as base stations) and passive / semi-passive / active A-IoT terminal devices. For example, A-IoT includes network devices and first-type terminal devices; or, an A-IoT-based communication system includes network devices and first-type terminal devices. The first-type terminal devices can be devices with the functionality of A-IoT terminal devices. In this case, both the reader and the A-IoT terminal device can be implemented based on the infrastructure within the cellular network. In other words, both the reader and the A-IoT terminal device can be devices within the cellular network. For example, the functionality of the reader can be implemented by network devices, such as base stations. The A-IoT terminal device can be a terminal within the cellular network, such as an ultra-low-power, ultra-low-complexity IoT terminal, i.e., a first-type terminal device.
[0163] Network devices can perform contactless data communication with Type 1 terminal devices, thereby reading information from and / or writing information that needs to be stored into Type 1 terminal devices. A-IoT technology can be used to implement one or more of the following services: inventory, positioning, sensing, and command. It can be understood that command services can implement write or lock processes. In terms of application scope, A-IoT technology can be applied to scenarios such as logistics, warehousing, industrial manufacturing, identity recognition, or environmental monitoring.
[0164] For example, inventory management involves using a reader (which can be a base station / terminal) to access A-IoT terminal devices (also called A-IoT terminals or A-IoT devices) within the coverage area. Successfully connected devices need to send their unique identifier to the reader. This identifier is network-recognizable, such as the electronic product code (EPC) in radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology. An RFID system typically includes a reader and electronic A-IoT terminals. The reader can interact with the electronic A-IoT terminals to manage them.
[0165] Location services utilize positioning signals to pinpoint the location of A-IoT terminal devices.
[0166] The sensing service involves A-IoT terminal devices reporting sensing data (such as temperature data) to the base station.
[0167] A command can be an operation instruction, such as a write or lock procedure. A write procedure involves the base station sending downlink commands and data, instructing the A-IoT terminal device to write the data into its own memory. A lock procedure involves the base station sending downlink commands, instructing the A-IoT terminal device to lock a specified address in the memory, making the contents of that memory area unchangeable and / or unreadable.
[0168] A-IoT terminal devices can be divided into the following three categories: device A, device B, and device C.
[0169] Device A is similar to a passive A-IoT terminal, with no energy storage and no independent signal generation / amplification, such as backscatter transmission.
[0170] Device B is similar to a semi-passive A-IoT terminal. It has energy storage but no independent signal generation, such as backscatter transmission. The use of stored energy includes amplification of reflected signals.
[0171] Device C is similar to an active A-IoT terminal, with energy storage and independent signal generation, such as active radio frequency components used for transmission.
[0172] 2. Access stratum (AS) process
[0173] Please refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic diagram of the AS process. As shown in Figure 1, the AS process is illustrated through the interaction between a reader and an A-IoT device, including the following steps:
[0174] Step A: A-IoT Paging. The reader sends an A-IoT paging message based on the service request, indicating the device that needs to respond. Optionally, the A-IoT paging message can be replaced with an initial trigger message.
[0175] Step B: D2R Data Transmission. D2R stands for Device to Reader (i.e., A-IoT device to reader). D2R data can be understood as data sent by the A-IoT device to the reader. The triggered A-IoT device performs device ID transmission through the A-IoT random access procedure or without using the A-IoT random access procedure (e.g., contention-free resolution). Data transmission is also simply referred to as data transfer.
[0176] Step C: Data transmission. Optionally, step C includes steps C1 and C2.
[0177] Step C1: Possible R2D data transmission. R2D refers to reader to device (i.e., reader to A-IoT device). R2D data can be understood as data sent by the reader to the A-IoT device, such as commands to send, like read, write, lock, deactivate, and sense.
[0178] Step C2: Possible D2R data transfers, such as responses to commands, like data read by a read command, success / failure feedback for a write command, etc.
[0179] For example, the above process can support inventory and command application scenarios in the following ways.
[0180] For inventory-only scenarios, the baseline solution can include steps A and B as described above.
[0181] For inventory and command scenarios, the baseline scheme may include steps A, B, C1, and C2 as described above.
[0182] For command-only scenarios, the baseline scheme may include steps A, B, C1, and C2 as described above.
[0183] Alternatively, the following are candidate solutions that support this scenario:
[0184] Step A': The reader sends an A-IoT paging message containing commands based on the service request, instructing the device to process or respond to the commands.
[0185] Step C2: Perform possible D2R data transmission (e.g., device ID or response to a command) with or without the A-IoT random access procedure.
[0186] 3. A-IoT Paging
[0187] At the access stratum (AS), the A-IoT paging function indicates which devices need to respond. For an A-IoT paging message, an identifier may be required to identify the device or group of devices included or associated with this triggering message (e.g., a single device, a group of devices, or all devices).
[0188] For example, an A-IoT paging message can contain a single A-IoT device ID.
[0189] For example, an A-IoT paging message can contain multiple A-IoT device identifiers.
[0190] For example, an A-IoT paging message can contain a group ID that maps to multiple A-IoT devices.
[0191] For example, an A-IoT paging message may not contain any identifier, that is, it indicates that all A-IoT devices that can receive the A-IoT paging message need to respond.
[0192] Optionally, the A-IoT paging message can also indicate that the A-IoT device can determine the resources (such as time-domain and / or frequency-domain resources) to be used for the D2R response message.
[0193] Optionally, the paging function of A-IoT devices can be understood as not supporting traditional paging messages, traditional paging timing, and traditional discontinuous reception (DRX). It can be assumed that A-IoT devices can receive A-IoT paging as long as they have sufficient energy.
[0194] 4. A-IoT random access
[0195] The A-IoT random access procedure is used for A-IoT devices to access the network for data transmission. A-IoT random access is triggered by the reader, including access triggered by a single A-IoT device, a group of A-IoT devices, or all A-IoT devices under the reader's coverage.
[0196] For example, slotted-ALOHA is the baseline for the A-IoT random access process. When responding to a paging message, the A-IoT device can perform the following procedures:
[0197] Step 1: Determine the random access type and access timing or resources.
[0198] If the random access is contention-free access, the indicated D2R timing or resource is selected, skipping the contention resolution in step 2, and proceeding to step 3 for data transmission. Contention-free access is also known as contention-free access.
[0199] If the random access is contention-based random access, then the timing or resource for access is determined or selected, such as by random selection, and then the contention resolution in step 2 is performed.
[0200] Step 2: Contention-based random access contention resolution.
[0201] For example, a contention-based random access contention solution may include the following:
[0202] Option 1: No data in A-IoT msg1.
[0203] A-IoT message 1: When an A-IoT device recognizes that its access occasion has begun, it sends a generated random ID to the reader. For example, the random ID can be randomly generated or based on the device ID. The size of the random ID is not limited; for example, it can be a 16-bit random number. An access occasion can also be called an access opportunity or access slot.
[0204] A-IoT msg2: The reader responds with a successfully received random ID. For example, if the A-IoT device receives A-IoT msg2 containing a random ID, and that random ID is the same as the one previously sent in A-IoT msg1, then the race condition is considered resolved successfully.
[0205] A-IoT msg2 is used for contention resolution because it is assumed that the size of the random ID in A-IoT msg1 should be sufficient for contention resolution purposes. It is a sufficiently low probability that A-IoT devices choosing the same access timing or resources will send the same random ID value in A-IoT msg1, so the range of random ID values can be considered sufficiently large.
[0206] Option 2: A-IoT msg1 has data.
[0207] A-IoT msg1: When an A-IoT device recognizes its access opportunity, it sends A-IoT msg1 containing upper-layer data, which can be the device ID and / or any other upper-layer data. Optionally, in Scheme 2, A-IoT msg1 may or may not include a random ID.
[0208] A-IoT msg2: The reader can respond with a successfully received random ID and / or device ID (partial or complete) and / or ACK, or it can choose not to respond. For example, if the A-IoT device does not receive a signal indicating failure, reconnection, or retransmission, it can be considered that the access was successful, the data transmission was successful, or the service was successful.
[0209] If an A-IoT device receives an A-IoT msg2 containing a random ID and / or device ID (partial or complete) and / or ACK, where the information is part of the previously sent information in A-IoT msg1 or information generated based on A-IoT msg1 (e.g., a hash function of msg1), the A-IoT device considers the race condition resolved successfully.
[0210] Step 3: Data transmission.
[0211] If contention-based random access is used, or if contention-free access is used, the A-IoT device can perform upper-layer data transmission with the reader after the A-IoT device considers the contention to be resolved successfully. This upper-layer data can be the device ID and / or any other upper-layer data (if any).
[0212] In step 3, it can be understood that subsequent R2D transmissions after a D2R transmission do not always need to be sent. There are several possibilities for the use or existence of subsequent R2D transmissions; for example, retransmission or reconnection after a D2R transmission failure can be considered.
[0213] 5. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)
[0214] An RFID system consists of a reader and tags. The reader reads information from the tags or writes information to the tags. The reader and tags communicate without contact. The tags are simple in function, requiring activation from the reader to transmit information; that is, the tag converts the wireless signal emitted by the reader into energy to power itself. Tags support power consumption in the microwatt or hundreds of microwatts range, limiting their ability to support complex designs.
[0215] If RFID is applied to mobile communication systems, such as 5G systems, then base stations can act as readers, fulfilling their functions. Currently, RFID technology can be used to identify targets. RFID systems typically consist of a reader and an electronic tag. The reader can interact with the electronic tag to manage it. The primary application of RFID is identification, but it can also be used for data reading and writing.
[0216] Please refer to Figure 2, which is a schematic diagram of the RFID workflow. As shown in Figure 2, the RFID workflow (e.g., inventory or access process) is illustrated through the interaction between a reader and an electronic tag, including the following steps:
[0217] 1. The reader sends a selection command (Select): This command is used to select a group of tags, carrying information such as inventorySession, action, and mask. For example, tags can be selected based on the mask. When the UE receives a matching select command, it sets the session and corresponding flags. Assuming that the inventorySession selects session: S0, action = 0, if the mask matches, the UE sets the flag of session S0 to A. The initial flag is set, and it will be flipped to B after successful EPC. Thus, tags A are those that have not yet been transmitted to EPC, and tags B are those that have been successfully transmitted.
[0218] 1) The session and the subsequent flags are bound together, meaning that each flag corresponds to a session. InventorySession will specify which session the flag is set to.
[0219] 2) The action specifies how to set the flag, such as action=1 or 0. When the tag is received, if the mask matches, the flag corresponding to the session will be set to A (action=1) or B (action=0).
[0220] 3) Mask: Used to filter which tags are selected. For example, if a tag stores a complete 96-bit identifier, the mask can indicate that the tags whose first 16 bits are 111...111 are selected. If the mask matches, it can be further set according to the action, and then further monitored for subsequent query messages.
[0221] 2. The reader sends a query command (Query): carrying the Q value, session, and flag. Assuming session: S0 and flag: A, when the tag's session matches the flag, a random number between 0 and 2^Q-1 is randomly generated based on Q as the initial value of Counter.
[0222] 3. If no tag sends a response, the reader continues to send a repeat query command (QueryRep). Upon receiving the QueryRep, the tag's Counter is equal to Counter – 1. If the tag generates a Counter of 0, the tag sends back a random number (RN16); otherwise, it does not respond. RN16 is a 16-bit random number (it can be either 16 bits or 8 bits) used for contention resolution. If the base station does not receive RN16, it sends a QueryRep.
[0223] 4. If the Counter decreases to 0 after the tag receives (potentially multiple) QueryRep messages (the QueryRep does not need to carry content), the tag will respond with RN16; otherwise, it will not respond. For example, each QueryRep corresponds to the start or end of an access time slot. Each QueryRep received by the tag signifies the end of the previous time slot and the start of the next. The tag can randomly select an access time slot to initiate access, send uplink data (EPC), or receive downlink data.
[0224] 5. When the reader receives a random number (RN16), if there is no collision (only one tag's RN16 is received), it sends an acknowledgment message (ACK), which includes the received RN16 and indicates that the contention has been successfully resolved.
[0225] 6. If the tag receives an ACK message and the RN16 matches, it will send back the Electronic Product Code (EPC); otherwise, it will not send back any information.
[0226] 7. If the tag sends an EPC and receives a QueryRep, it indicates that the data transmission was successful, and the flag bit is flipped to B. For example, the flag bit can be used to prevent tags that have been stored from being stored again, because subsequent Query messages will carry a flag bit of A, and the received Query with a flag bit of A after flipping will not respond.
[0227] In related technologies, R2D can trigger X time-domain resources and Y frequency-domain resources to send msg1. For cases where X*Y>1, mag2 can combine multiple (all or part) random IDs contained in msg1 to indicate a device that has successfully connected. However, when two identical random IDs are sent in different occasions, including that random ID in msg2 can cause a device that failed to connect to mistakenly believe that it has successfully connected.
[0228] Based on this, embodiments of this application provide a communication method and apparatus that can associate access resources with identification information to indicate which devices have successfully accessed the network, or which data transmission has been successful, or which data needs to be sent.
[0229] The technical solutions of this application embodiment can be applied to various communication systems, such as long term evolution (LTE) communication systems, new radio (NR) communication systems, LTE-A (LTE-Advanced) communication systems, device-to-device (D2D) communication systems, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication systems, machine-to-machine (M2M) communication systems, internet of things (IoT) communication systems, narrowband internet of things (NB-IoT) communication systems, integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems, frequency division duplex (FDD) communication systems, time division duplex (TDD) communication systems, non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication systems, wireless projection communication systems, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) communication systems, and public land mobile networks. Communication systems including public network (PLMN), non-public network (NPN) communication systems, and communication systems evolved from fifth-generation (5G) communication systems (e.g., sixth-generation (6G) communication systems) are not restricted.
[0230] For example, please refer to Figures 3 to 7, which are schematic diagrams of the network architecture provided in the embodiments of this application.
[0231] The network architecture shown in Figure 3 includes network devices and A-IoT devices, with bidirectional communication between the A-IoT devices and network devices. Communication between the network devices and A-IoT devices includes environmental IoT data and / or signaling. This network architecture can include network devices that send environmental IoT data and / or signaling to A-IoT devices and network devices that receive environmental IoT data and / or signaling from A-IoT devices; that is, there is uplink and downlink data / signaling between the network devices and A-IoT devices.
[0232] The network architecture shown in Figure 4 includes network devices, A-IoT devices, and intermediate nodes. The intermediate nodes are located between the A-IoT devices and the network devices, and the A-IoT devices communicate bidirectionally with the intermediate nodes. Optionally, the network devices also communicate bidirectionally with the intermediate nodes. For example, the intermediate node can be a repeater, an IAB node, user equipment (UE), etc., enabling environmental IoT. The intermediate nodes transmit environmental IoT data and / or signaling between the network devices and the A-IoT devices.
[0233] The network architecture shown in Figure 5 includes network devices, A-IoT devices, and auxiliary nodes. A-IoT devices send environmental IoT data and / or signaling to network devices and receive environmental IoT data and / or signaling from auxiliary nodes.
[0234] The network architecture shown in Figure 6 includes network devices, A-IoT devices, and auxiliary nodes. A-IoT devices receive environmental IoT data and / or signaling from the network devices and send environmental IoT data and / or signaling to the auxiliary nodes. For example, auxiliary nodes can be repeaters, IAB nodes, UEs, etc., enabling IoT implementation.
[0235] In Figures 3 to 6, network devices are exemplified using access network (AN) devices. Access network devices, also known as radio access network (RAN) devices, or simply access networks, are nodes or devices that connect terminal devices to a wireless network. In other words, the access network provides access services to terminal devices, enabling them to access (or connect to) the network.
[0236] The network architecture shown in Figure 7 includes terminal devices and A-IoT devices, with bidirectional communication between the A-IoT devices and the terminal devices. Communication between the terminal devices and the A-IoT devices includes environmental IoT data and / or signaling.
[0237] For example, the UE can be located within the coverage area provided by the reader. When the reader is a terminal device, the communication between the reader and the UE can be regarded as the transmission between terminals. When the reader is a network device (such as a base station), the communication between the reader and the UE is the UU interface, that is, air interface communication.
[0238] Optionally, this application also applies to open radio access network (O-RAN) architectures. In an O-RAN architecture, the radio access network (RAN) communicates with the core network (CN) via a backhaul link and with the user equipment (UE) via an air interface.
[0239] Specifically, the baseband unit (BBU) in the access network equipment communicates with the core network via a backhaul link, and the radio unit (RU) in the access network equipment communicates with at least one UE via an air interface. The BBU communicates with at least one RU via a fronthaul link. The BBU and RU may or may not be co-located.
[0240] The BBU includes at least one control unit (CU) and at least one distributed unit (DU), which can communicate via at least one midhaul link.
[0241] For example, please refer to Figure 8, which is a schematic diagram of an O-RAN architecture provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 8, the O-RAN architecture includes a RAN intelligent controller (RIC). The RIC includes a near-real-time RIC (near-RT RIC) and a non-real-time RIC (non-RT RIC).
[0242] Near real-time RICs are used for model training and inference. For example, they are used to train artificial intelligence (AI) models and then use these AI models for inference. Near real-time RICs can obtain network-side and / or terminal-side information from RAN nodes and / or terminals, which can be used as training data or inference data. RAN nodes may include central units (CUs), CU control planes (CU-CPs), CU user planes (CU-UPs), distributed units (DUs), or radio units (RUs), etc. Optionally, near real-time RICs can deliver inference results to RAN nodes and / or terminals. Optionally, inference results can be exchanged between CUs and DUs, and / or between DUs and RUs. For example, a near real-time RIC delivers inference results to a DU, and the DU sends them to an RU.
[0243] Non-real-time RICs are used for model training and inference. For example, they are used to train AI models and then use those models for inference. Non-real-time RICs can obtain network-side and / or terminal-side information from RAN nodes (e.g., CUs, CU-CPs, CU-UPs, DUs, and / or RUs) and / or terminals. This information can be used as training data or inference data, and the inference results can be delivered to RAN nodes and / or terminals. Optionally, inference results can be exchanged between CUs and DUs, and / or between DUs and RUs; for example, a non-real-time RIC delivers inference results to a DU, which then forwards them to an RU.
[0244] Near real-time RICs and non-real-time RICs can also be configured as separate network elements. Alternatively, near real-time RICs and non-real-time RICs can also be part of other devices. For example, near real-time RICs can be set in RAN nodes (e.g., CU, DU), while non-real-time RICs can be set in operation administration and maintenance (OAM), cloud servers, core network devices, or other network devices.
[0245] In a communication system, network elements are connected via interfaces (e.g., NG, Xn) or over-the-air interfaces. These network element nodes, such as core network equipment, access network nodes (RAN nodes), terminals, or one or more devices in the OAM (Operational Access Management) system, each contain one or more AI modules. An access network node can be a single RAN node or can comprise multiple RAN nodes, for example, including CUs and DUs. CUs and / or DUs can also contain one or more AI modules. Optionally, a CU can be further divided into CU-CPs and CU-UPs. One or more AI models are configured within CU-CPs and / or CU-UPs.
[0246] AI modules are used to implement corresponding AI functions. AI modules deployed in different network elements can be the same or different. Depending on the parameter configuration, the AI module can implement different functions. The AI module model can be configured based on one or more of the following parameters: structural parameters (e.g., at least one of the following: number of neural network layers, neural network width, inter-layer connections, neuron weights, neuron activation function, or biases in the activation function), input parameters (e.g., the type and / or dimension of the input parameters), or output parameters (e.g., the type and / or dimension of the output parameters). The biases in the activation function can also be referred to as the neural network biases.
[0247] An AI module can have one or more models. A model can infer an output, which includes one or more parameters. The learning, training, or inference processes of different models can be deployed on different nodes or devices, or they can be deployed on the same node or device.
[0248] For example, please refer to Figure 9, which is a schematic diagram of another O-RAN architecture provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 9, the access network device communicates with the core network device through the backhaul link and with the terminal device through the air interface.
[0249] In some examples, the CU is a logical node carrying the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer, Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer, Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, and other control functions of the access network equipment. The CU connects to network nodes such as the core network through interfaces, which can be interfaces such as E2 interfaces. Optionally, the CU may have some core network functions. The CU (e.g., the PDCP layer and higher layers) connects to the DU (e.g., the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer and lower layers) through interfaces, which can be interfaces such as the F1 interface. In some examples, these interfaces (e.g., the F1 interface) can provide control plane (C-Plane) and user plane (U-Plane) functions (e.g., interface management, system information management, UE context management, RRC message transmission, etc.). F1AP is the application protocol of the F1 interface, defining the F1 signaling procedures in some examples. The F1 interface supports control plane F1-C and user plane F1-U.
[0250] In some examples, the CU can be split into CU-CP and CU-UP. CU-CP is a logical node carrying the RRC and PDCP-C layers, used to implement the CU's control plane functions. CU-CP can interact with network elements in the core network used to implement control plane functions. These network elements can be access and mobility function (AMF) elements, such as the access and mobility management (AMF) function in 5G systems. AMF elements are responsible for mobility management in mobile networks, such as terminal device location updates, terminal device registration with the network, and terminal device handover. CU-UP is a logical node carrying the SDAP and PDCP-U layers, used to implement the CU's user plane functions. CU-UP can interact with network elements in the core network used to implement user plane functions. These network elements, such as the user plane function (UPF) element in 5G systems, are responsible for data forwarding and receiving in terminal devices. The above CU and DU configurations are merely examples; the functions of CU and DU can be configured as needed. For example, a CU or DU can be configured to have more protocol layer functions, or it can be configured to have only some protocol layer processing functions. For instance, some RLC layer functions and protocol layer functions above the RLC layer can be placed in the CU, while the remaining RLC layer functions and protocol layer functions below the RLC layer can be placed in the DU. As another example, the functions of the CU or DU can be divided according to service type or other system requirements. For instance, based on latency, functions that need to meet low latency requirements can be placed in the DU, while functions that do not need to meet this latency requirement can be placed in the CU.
[0251] In some examples, a DU is a logical node that carries the radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer, higher physical layer (Higher PHY) layer, and other functions. In some examples, a DU can control at least one RU. The DU connects to the RU through interfaces, which can be fronthaul interfaces. In some examples, the Higher PHY layer includes the PHY layer processing, such as forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, modulation, and demodulation.
[0252] In some examples, the RU is a logical node carrying both lower physical layer (PHY) and radio frequency (RF) processing. In some examples, the RU can be a 3GPP transmission reception point (TRP), a remote radio head (RRH), or other similar entities. In some examples, the Low-PHY includes PHY processing functions such as Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT), digital beamforming, and filtering. The RU communicates with one or more UEs via a radio link.
[0253] The DU and RU can be co-located or not. The DU and RU exchange control plane and user plane information via a lower-layer split-control, user, and synchronization (LLS-CUS) interface through a fronthaul link. LLS-CUS may include LLS-C and LLS-U interfaces that provide the control plane (C-Plane) and user plane (U-Plane), respectively. In some examples, the control plane (C-Plane) refers to real-time control between the DU and RU. The DU and RU exchange management information via an LLS-M interface on the fronthaul link; the management plane (M-Plane) refers to non-real-time management operations between the DU and RU.
[0254] DU and RU can cooperate to implement the functions of the PHY layer. A DU can be connected to one or more RUs. The functions of DU and RU can be configured in various ways depending on the design. For example, a DU can be configured to implement baseband functions, and an RU can be configured to implement mid-RF functions. Another example is that a DU can be configured to implement higher-level functions in the PHY layer, and an RU can be configured to implement lower-level functions in the PHY layer, or to implement both lower-level and RF functions. Higher-level functions in the physical layer can include a portion of the physical layer's functions that are closer to the MAC layer, while lower-level functions in the physical layer can include another portion of the physical layer's functions that are closer to the mid-RF side.
[0255] The terminal device in this application embodiment is a device with wireless transceiver capabilities, which can be a fixed device, a mobile device, a handheld device (e.g., a mobile phone), a wearable device, an in-vehicle device, or a wireless device (e.g., a communication module, a modem, or a chip system, etc.) built into the above devices. The terminal device can also be referred to as a terminal, terminal device, access terminal, user terminal, subscriber unit, user equipment (UE), user station, mobile device, mobile station (MS), mobile station, mobile client, mobile unit, remote station, remote terminal, remote unit, wireless unit, wireless communication device, user agent, or user device, etc. For example, the terminal device in this application embodiment may be a mobile phone, tablet computer, computer with wireless transceiver function, train, airplane, mobile internet device (MID), virtual reality (VR) terminal, augmented reality (AR) terminal, wireless terminal in industrial control (e.g., robot), wireless terminal in vehicle networking (e.g., in-vehicle equipment, vehicle equipment, in-vehicle module, vehicle), wireless terminal in self-driving, wireless terminal in remote medical care, wireless terminal in smart grid, wireless terminal in transportation safety, wireless terminal in smart city, wireless terminal in smart home, machine type communication (MTC) terminal, cellular phone, smartphone, cordless phone, session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, wireless data card, wireless local loop (WLL) station, personal digital assistant (PDA) PDA (Power Assistant), handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities, computing devices or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem, in-vehicle devices, wearable devices, etc.
[0256] The network devices in this application embodiment may include, but are not limited to: base station (BS), Node B (NB), next-generation Node B (gNB), evolved Node B (eNB), radio network controller (RNC), base station controller (BSC), base transceiver station (BTS), home evolved Node B (HeNB, or home Node B (HNB)), base band unit (BBU), access point (AP), wireless relay node, wireless backhaul node, transmission point (TP), or transmission and reception point (TRP), etc. They may also be one or a group of antenna panels of a base station in a 5G system, or network nodes constituting a gNB or TP, such as BBU or distributed unit (DU), etc. The base station may be a macro base station, micro base station, pico base station, small cell, relay station, or balloon station, etc.
[0257] In some deployments, a gNB may include one or more logical network elements such as a centralized unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), or a radio unit (RU). CUs and DUs can be configured separately or included in the same network element, such as a baseband unit (BBU). RUs may be included in radio equipment or radio units, such as remote radio units (RRUs), active antenna units (AAUs), or remote radio heads (RRHs). CUs implement some of the gNB's functions, and DUs implement others. For example, a CU handles non-real-time protocols and services, implementing the functions of radio resource control (RRC) and the packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer. A DU handles physical layer protocols and real-time services, implementing the functions of the radio link control (RLC), media access control (MAC), and physical (PHY) layers. The AAU implements some physical layer processing functions, radio frequency processing, and related functions of the active antenna. RRC layer information is generated by the CU and ultimately encapsulated into PHY layer information by the DU's PHY layer, or it may be derived from PHY layer information. Therefore, in this architecture, higher-layer signaling such as RRC layer signaling can also be considered as being sent by the DU, or by the DU+AAU. It is understood that network devices can be one or more of the following: CU nodes, DU nodes, and AAU nodes. Furthermore, the CU can be classified as a network device in the radio access network (RAN) or a network device in the core network (CN); this application does not limit this. In different systems, the CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU, or RU may have different names, but those skilled in the art will understand their meaning.For example, in an open RAN (ORAN) system, a CU can also be called an open CU (open CU, O-CU), a DU can also be called an open DU (open DU, O-DU), a CU-CP can also be called an open CU-CP (open CU-CP, O-CU-CP), a CU-UP can also be called an open CU-UP (open CU-CP, O-CU-UP), and a RU can also be called an open RU (open RU, O-RU). For ease of description, this application uses CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU, and RU as examples in its embodiments. Any of the units among CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU, and RU in this application embodiment can be implemented through a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of software and hardware modules.
[0258] It is understood that the network architecture and application scenarios described in the embodiments of this application are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new application scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.
[0259] The communication method provided in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below.
[0260] The communication devices involved in this communication method may include a first device and a second device. For example, the first device may be an A-IoT device, and the second device may be a reader / writer (e.g., a network device or a terminal device). The system architecture can be referred to the above description and will not be repeated here.
[0261] Please refer to Figure 10, which is a flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. The embodiment shown in Figure 10 uses a first device and a second device as the main entities performing the interaction to illustrate the method.
[0262] As shown in Figure 10, the communication method may include, but is not limited to, the following steps S1001 to S1002.
[0263] S1001, the first device sends first information to the second device, and correspondingly, the second device receives the first information from the first device.
[0264] The first information includes at least one of a first random number and first data. The first random number is a random ID used by the first device to access the second device. The first data is data sent from the first device to the second device; exemplarily, the first data is D2R data, which may include upper layer data, such as non-access stratum (NAS) data or application layer data.
[0265] It should be understood that this application does not impose any restrictions on the name or number of bits of the random ID. For example, the random ID may also be called a random identifier, a random access identifier, a random access request message, or A-IoT msg1, etc. Furthermore, the random ID may be 16 bits, 8 bits, or 6 bits, etc.
[0266] Optionally, the random ID is used for at least one of the following:
[0267] The first item serves as identification information for competitive access.
[0268] The second item identifies the first device. For example, the random ID can be used as access stratum identification (AS ID), a temporary identifier, or a cyclic redundancy check mask (CRC mask). As another example, the random ID can be used to generate an AS ID, a temporary identifier, or a CRC mask.
[0269] For example, the random ID can be understood as an identifier used to associate the first device when scheduling R2D messages or sending downlink data.
[0270] In one possible example, the first device sends first information on a first resource, the first information including a first random number. Optionally, the first information also includes first data. The first resource can be understood as a resource used by the first device for access (which may be simply referred to as an access resource), and the first resource may also be called a first access resource. The first information can be understood as information used by the first device to request access. The first data can be understood as data also transmitted by the first device during access. Exemplarily, the first information may be msg1 in random access.
[0271] Optionally, access resources may include time-domain resources and / or frequency-domain resources. Alternatively, access resources may also be access occasions, which may include time-domain resources and / or frequency-domain resources.
[0272] In one possible implementation, the access resources used by the first device can be selected from candidate access resources, for example, randomly selected from candidate access resources. Candidate access resources can be configured via R2D messages (or defined as message X), for example, indicated or carried by one or more of the following methods:
[0273] Method 1: A-IoT paging message, also known as an initial (paging) message, or an initial trigger message, or an initial selection message, etc. This application does not limit the name of the A-IoT paging message. This A-IoT paging message is used to paging, select, or trigger the first device (access and / or data transmission).
[0274] Method two involves using R2D messages to schedule D2R transmissions. These R2D messages are used to schedule data transmission by the first device.
[0275] Method 3: (Random) access trigger message, which can trigger a round of random access, or re-access, or trigger one or more access opportunities / access resources.
[0276] Method 4: Information cells or fields can be carried in at least one of the following: medium access control (MAC) header, MAC control element (MAC CE), MAC information cells, or physical layer sequence, etc., and can be carried with other R2D messages or data.
[0277] It should be understood that this application does not restrict the name of the R2D message in the above-described manner.
[0278] In one possible implementation, when the first device determines the access resource (i.e., the first resource, or the first access resource) to be used, it determines the identification information corresponding to the access resource.
[0279] For example, the identification information corresponding to the access resource can be determined as follows:
[0280] Method 1 determines access resources based on time-domain resources (location) and frequency-domain resources (location). For example, candidate access resources include 16 time-domain resources and 4 frequency-domain resources, for a total of 16 * 4 = 64 candidate access resources.
[0281] In one possible implementation, the first device may randomly select one of the 64 candidate access resources as the first resource, for example, selecting the 38th candidate access resource as the first resource. Taking the identification information as index information as an example, the identification information (e.g., index value) corresponding to the first resource can be 38 (or 37, for example, counting the first index value starting from 0).
[0282] Another possible implementation involves the first device randomly selecting time-domain and frequency-domain resources respectively. Assuming the index values are determined in the order of time-domain first, then frequency-domain, for example, selecting the 10th time-domain resource from the aforementioned 16 time-domain resources and the 2nd frequency-domain resource from the aforementioned 4 frequency-domain resources, then the starting index value for the 10th time-domain resource is first determined to be (10-1)*4 = 36. Then, the index value of the frequency-domain resource, 2, is added, resulting in an index value of 36 + 2 = 38 for the first resource, or an index value of 37 (for example, starting the first index value from 0).
[0283] Assuming the index value is determined in the order of frequency domain first and then time domain, for example, if the second frequency domain resource is selected from the above 4 frequency domain resources and the tenth time domain resource is selected from the above 16 time domain resources, then the starting index value of the index corresponding to the second frequency domain resource is first determined to be (2-1)*16=16, and then the index value of the time domain resource is added to 10, that is, the index value of the first resource is 16+10=26, or the index value of the first resource is 25 (for example, starting from 0 to count the first index value).
[0284] Method 2: Determined based on time-domain resources (location). For example, the candidate access resources include 16 time-domain resources (e.g., corresponding to 16 time units, the length of each time unit can be the same or different). Suppose that the first device selects the 10th time-domain resource as the first resource from the above 16 time-domain resources, then the index value of the first resource (i.e., the access resource in the time dimension) can be 10 (or 9, for example, counting the first index value from 0).
[0285] Method 3: Determined based on frequency domain resources (location). For example, the candidate access resources include 4 frequency domain resources (e.g., corresponding to 4 frequency domain locations, each of which can be determined by R2D messages). Assuming that the first device selects the second time domain resource from the above 4 frequency domain resources as the first resource, the index value of the first resource (i.e., the access resource in the frequency domain dimension) can be 2 (or 1, for example, counting the first index value from 0).
[0286] Optionally, the protocol can specify which of the above methods should be used to determine the index corresponding to the access resource. Alternatively, the protocol can include the above methods, with the second device configuring or instructing (e.g., via R2D messages, such as paging messages, access trigger messages, configuration messages, etc.) which method should be used to determine the index corresponding to the access resource, or the first device actively selecting which method should be used to determine the index corresponding to the access resource.
[0287] In another possible example, the first device sends first information on a second resource, the first information including first data. The second resource can be understood as the resource used by the first device to transmit data after successful access or during contention-free access (which can be simply referred to as the transmission resource). The first information can be understood as the information used by the first device to carry the transmitted data. The first data can be understood as the data transmitted by the first device after successful access or during contention-free access. For example, the first information could be msg3 in a 3-step or 4-step random access process.
[0288] Optionally, transmission resources may include time-domain resources and / or frequency-domain resources.
[0289] In one possible implementation, the transport resources can be configured via R2D messages, for example, by indicating or carrying the transport resources in one or more of the following ways:
[0290] Method 1: A-IoT paging message, also known as an initial (paging) message, or an initial trigger message, or an initial selection message, etc. This application does not limit the name of the A-IoT paging message. This A-IoT paging message is used to paging, select, or trigger the first device (access and / or data transmission).
[0291] Method two involves using R2D messages to schedule D2R transmissions. These R2D messages are used to schedule data transmission by the first device.
[0292] Method 3: (Random) access trigger message, which can trigger a round of random access, or re-access, or trigger one or more access opportunities / access resources.
[0293] Method 4: Information cells or fields can be carried in at least one of the following: medium access control (MAC) header, MAC control element (MAC CE), MAC information cells, or physical layer sequence, etc., and can be carried with other R2D messages or data.
[0294] It should be understood that this application does not restrict the name of the R2D message in the above-described manner.
[0295] Frequency domain resources can be indicated by frequency domain resource information. For example, frequency domain resource information is used to indicate the frequency domain resources for the first device to send msg1 / data / D2R messages, or the frequency domain resources for the second device to receive msg1 / data / D2R messages.
[0296] In one possible implementation, frequency domain resource information can be configured via R2D messages. For example, frequency domain resource information can be indicated or carried by one or more of the methods one to four described above for indicating transmission resources, which will not be elaborated here.
[0297] For example, frequency domain resource information may include frequency domain information. As an example, the parameters used to determine the frequency domain resource contained in the first information can be implemented in a variety of ways. The following will illustrate this through various examples, such as method A to method C.
[0298] In Method A, the parameters included in the first information can indicate the frequency information / frequency location / frequency point location of the first frequency domain resource. The first frequency domain resource is the frequency domain resource for which the first device sends uplink messages (or D2R messages), such as the frequency domain resource for which the first device sends third information.
[0299] In Method B, the parameters included in the first information can indicate the frequency shift between the first frequency domain resource and the default frequency domain location (or the pre-configured frequency domain location).
[0300] In method C, the parameters included in the first information may include at least one of the following:
[0301] Parameter 1, Time Parameter (denoted as Tpri). For example, Parameter 1 can indicate uplink or downlink or uplink / downlink transmission time unit, or parameters related to uplink or downlink or uplink / downlink transmission time unit, etc.
[0302] Parameter 2, code length parameter (denoted as M). For example, parameter 2 can be the number of Manchester code repetitions, or a parameter related to the number of Manchester code repetitions, etc.
[0303] Parameter 3, scaling parameter (denoted as Rchip). For example, parameter 3 can be the number of level repetitions, or a parameter related to the level length, etc.
[0304] In one possible implementation of method C, parameters 1 to 3 can be configured as shown in Table 1 below.
[0305] Table 1
[0306] As shown in Table 1, index = 0 corresponds to Tpri = 25 microseconds (µs), Rchip = 4, and M = 1. index = 1 corresponds to Tpri = 25µs, Rchip = 4, and M = 2, and so on. Frequency domain resources / locations can be determined by configuring one or more of the three parameters in Table 1. It should be understood that the data in Table 1 is merely an example, and this application does not impose any limitations on it.
[0307] S1002, the second device sends second information to the first device, and correspondingly, the first device receives the second information from the second device.
[0308] The second information includes identification information associated with at least one access resource. Alternatively, the identification information is associated with at least one transmission resource. The second information is used to determine at least one of the following: whether the first device has successfully accessed the network, whether the first information has been successfully transmitted, or whether the first device needs to send data.
[0309] When the second information contains multiple random IDs, the corresponding device can be indicated for each included random ID in the following way:
[0310] Method 1: Add an index to each random ID, that is, the index points to a time-frequency resource of the first information.
[0311] Method 2 uses a bitmap, where each bit of the bitmap represents a time-frequency resource of the first information.
[0312] Each of the at least one access resource is included in the candidate access resources, which are candidate access resources for at least one device to access the second device, and the at least one device includes the first device. For example, the candidate access resources may include all access resources that the second device has pre-triggered, configured, allocated, or indicated.
[0313] Each of the at least one transmission resource is included in the candidate transmission resources, which are candidate transmission resources used by at least one device for transmitting data, including a first device. For example, the candidate transmission resources may include all transmission resources pre-triggered, configured, allocated, or indicated by a second device. A description of the candidate transmission resources can be found in the description of the candidate access resources in the preceding embodiments, and will not be repeated here.
[0314] In one possible implementation, N first devices respectively send first information to a second device, and correspondingly, the second device receives N pieces of first information, where N is a positive integer. Each first device is associated with an access resource / transmission resource, and the access resource associated with each first device is included in the aforementioned candidate access resources. The access resources associated with different first devices may be the same or different. The transmission resources associated with each first device are included in the candidate transmission resources, and the transmission resources associated with different first devices may be the same or different.
[0315] The second device may respond to all or part of the N pieces of first information to generate second information. The second information includes identification information associated with M access resources / transmission resources, where M is less than or equal to N, and each of the M access resources / transmission resources is associated with one first device. The second information also includes feedback information associated with the M access resources / transmission resources, with each feedback message correspondingly associated with one first device.
[0316] In one possible example, the first device sends a first message to the second device. The first message includes a first random number and is used to request access or compete for access. For example, the first message is msg1 in a 3-step or 4-step random access mechanism. In response to the first message, the second device sends a second message to the first device. The second message includes a random number and is used to determine whether the first device has successfully accessed the network or successfully resolved the competition.
[0317] In another possible example, the first device sends a first message to the second device. The first message includes a first random number and first data. The first message is used to request access and transmit data; for example, the first message is msg1 in a two-step random access or contention-free access scenario. In response to the first message, the second device sends a second message to the first device. The second message includes a random number and data feedback; for example, the second message is msg2 in a two-step random access or contention-free access scenario. The second message is used to determine whether the first device has successfully accessed the device or successfully resolved the contention, and to determine whether the first data has been successfully transmitted.
[0318] In another possible example, the first device sends first information on the second resource. This first information includes first data, which carries data to be transmitted after successful access or during contention-free access. For example, the first information is msg3 in a 3-step or 4-step random access process. In response to the first information, the second device sends second information to the first device. This second information includes data feedback, such as msg4 in a 4-step random access process. The second information is used to determine whether the first data was successfully transmitted or whether the first data needs to be retransmitted.
[0319] It should be understood that the aforementioned feedback can be feedback on D2R data (or uplink data, or upper-layer data, or first data), such as feedback on other D2R data after msg3 or msg4. When the first information is D2R data (such as D2R data sent during the data transmission process after successful access), optionally, the first device sends fourth information on the access resource. The description of the fourth information can be referred to the description of the first information in step S1001 above, and will not be repeated here.
[0320] For example, when the second information includes feedback, the second information may indicate that the data transmission failed (or indicates to reconnect, or indicates to continue reconnecting), or it may indicate that the data transmission was successful (or indicates not to reconnect, or indicates not to continue reconnecting).
[0321] For example, feedback carried on a MAC CE can indicate whether a device has successfully transmitted data (hereinafter referred to as a successful device) or a device has failed to transmit data (hereinafter referred to as a failed device) in the following ways:
[0322] Method 1a only includes the AS ID / index of the "failed device," while other devices consider it successful when they receive this MAC signaling.
[0323] Method 1b only includes the AS ID / index of the "successful device", while other devices are considered not yet successful.
[0324] Method 2 uses a bitmap to indicate success or failure for each device.
[0325] Optionally, the feedback can display an indication of whether data transmission failed or succeeded. For example, the feedback can include an indication value of 0, which indicates data transmission failure, and an indication value of 1, which indicates data transmission success.
[0326] Alternatively, feedback can be understood as a negative acknowledgment (NACK). If the feedback is associated with the first device (or the access / transmission resources of the first device), it indicates that the data transmission of the first device has failed. If the feedback is not associated with the first device (or the access / transmission resources of the first device), it indicates that the data transmission of the first device has succeeded.
[0327] Alternatively, feedback can be understood as an acknowledgment message (ACK). If the feedback is associated with the first device (or the access resources / transmission resources of the first device), it indicates that the data transmission of the first device was successful. If the feedback is not associated with the first device (or the access resources / transmission resources of the first device), it indicates that the data transmission of the first device failed.
[0328] In one possible implicit indication method, the number of the first device (or the access resources / transmission resources of the first device) associated with the feedback can be used to indicate whether the data transmission of the first device has failed or succeeded.
[0329] Below are two examples of implicit indication methods:
[0330] Example 1: If the feedback is associated with only one first device (or access resource / transmission resource), it indicates that the data transmission of that first device failed. If the feedback is associated with multiple first devices (or access resources / transmission resources), it indicates that the data transmission of those multiple first devices succeeded. Optionally, if only one first device successfully transmits data, the feedback can be associated with multiple identical indices (used to indicate that first device).
[0331] Using Example 1, for instance, if the second device wants to immediately report a failure after a D2R message is sent, it can send feedback to a first device to indicate that the D2R message transmission failed. The first device can then reconnect or retransmit the D2R data. Alternatively, after receiving multiple D2R messages (e.g., before the next round of random access or reconnection), the second device can send feedback indicating that multiple first devices have successfully transmitted the data.
[0332] Example 2: If the feedback is associated with only one first device (or access resource / transmission resource), it indicates that the data transmission of that first device was successful. If the feedback is associated with multiple first devices (or access resources / transmission resources), it indicates that the data transmission of those multiple first devices failed. Optionally, if only one first device fails to transmit data, the feedback can be associated with multiple identical indices (used to indicate that first device).
[0333] In Example 2, for instance, if a second device wants to immediately provide feedback after sending a D2R message, it can send feedback to a first device to indicate that the D2R message transmission was successful. This allows the first device to avoid listening for subsequent R2D messages, thus saving energy. Alternatively, after receiving multiple D2R messages (e.g., before the next round of random access or re-access procedures), the second device can send feedback indicating that multiple first devices have failed to transmit. These first devices can then re-access or re-transmit the D2R data.
[0334] Through the aforementioned implicit indication method, feedback can flexibly indicate whether the transmission of the first message (or D2R message or first data) was successful or failed without incurring additional bit overhead.
[0335] In another possible implementation, the second information includes identification information associated with M access resources / transmission resources, and scheduling information associated with the M access resources / transmission resources, with each scheduling information correspondingly associated with a first device.
[0336] In one possible example, after the first device successfully connects, the second device sends a second message to the first device. For example, the second message carries a command, and the second message is used to determine whether the first device needs to send data (e.g., response data for the command).
[0337] In the above embodiments, at least one access resource / transmission resource is associated with the identification information. Since the access resource / transmission resource is associated with the first device, the identification information can be used to indicate which first devices have successfully accessed the network, successfully transmitted data, or need to send data.
[0338] The following uses access scenarios, retransmission scenarios, data transmission scenarios, and scheduling scenarios as examples to illustrate the embodiments of this application.
[0339] For example, in the access scenario, the first information includes a first random number, and the second information is used to determine whether the first device has successfully accessed the second device. If at least one access resource associated with the identification information includes the first access resource (that is, the identification information is associated with the first access resource, or the identification information is associated with the first access resource), and the second information also includes the first random number associated with the first access resource, then the first device has successfully accessed the second device. The first device successfully accessing the second device can also be referred to as the first device successfully accessing the network, or simply as the first device successfully accessing the network.
[0340] Conversely, if the first access resource is not included in at least one access resource associated with the identification information, and / or the second information does not include the first random number, then the first device has failed to access the second device. The failure of the first device to access the second device can also be interpreted as the first device failing to access the network, or simply as the first device failing to access.
[0341] The first access resource is the resource used by the first device for access. Specifically, the first device sends first information on the first access resource, the first information including a first random number. Optionally, the first device receives second information and determines whether the identification information therein is associated with the first access resource. If the identification information is associated with the first access resource, it further determines whether the random number associated with the first access resource in the second information is the first random number. If the random number associated with the first access resource in the second information is the first random number, then the first device successfully accesses the network.
[0342] Alternatively, the first device receives the second information and determines whether the second information contains a first random number. If the second information contains the first random number, it further determines whether the first random number in the second information is associated with the first access resource. If the first random number in the second information is associated with the first access resource, the first device successfully accesses the resource.
[0343] It should be understood that this application does not restrict the order of judgment of the random number (or ACK, NACK, or scheduling information, etc.) and the associated access resources in the second information. This is a unified explanation here and will not be repeated hereafter.
[0344] Please refer to Figure 11, which is a schematic diagram of an access scenario provided by an embodiment of this application. Figure 11 illustrates an example with six access resources. For instance, the sequence numbers of the six access resources are recorded as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 in order from bottom to top and then from left to right. Each access resource is associated with a first device, and correspondingly, the sequence numbers of the six first devices associated with the six access resources are recorded as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. The six first devices each send first information (e.g., msg1) on their associated access resources, where msg1 includes a random number (random ID).
[0345] In the example of Figure 11, the identification information in the second information (e.g., msg2) is the Access Layer Identifier (AS ID). The AS ID is 6 bits and is mapped one-to-one with the six access resources mentioned above. The second information also includes a random ID associated with the AS ID (or access resource). As shown in Figure 11, AS ID = 110011 indicates that the 1st, 2nd, 5th, and 6th first devices have successfully accessed the network, while the 3rd and 4th first devices have failed to access the network. Optionally, as shown in Figure 11, the four first devices that have successfully accessed the network each send the first data (e.g., msg3).
[0346] In one possible design, for the inventory-only case, msg2 can include the same random ID on different frequency domain resources (same or different time domain resources). This is suitable for the case where msg3 is sent on the frequency domain resource corresponding to msg1. Since there is no subsequent D2R scheduling, the inventory-only case only needs to report msg3, and there is no problem of misunderstanding due to random ID conflict.
[0347] For example, in a retransmission scenario, if the first access resource is included in at least one access resource associated with the identification information, the first device needs to retransmit the data when the second information is used to indicate retransmission.
[0348] Please refer to Figure 12, which is a schematic diagram of a retransmission scenario provided by an embodiment of this application. Figure 12 shows a retransmission scenario based on the example in Figure 11. As shown in Figure 12, after the four successfully connected first devices send msg3 respectively, the AS ID of msg2 used to trigger the retransmission of msg3 is 010000, indicating that msg3 of the second first device needs to be retransmitted. Optionally, as shown in Figure 12, the retransmission of msg2 is used to trigger the second first device to retransmit msg3.
[0349] For example, in a data transmission scenario, the first information includes the first data, and the second information is used to determine whether the first information (or the first data) was successfully transmitted (or failed to be transmitted).
[0350] As one possible design, the first information transmission is successful if at least one access resource associated with the identification information includes the first access resource. Alternatively, the first information transmission is successful if at least one access resource associated with the identification information includes the first access resource, and the second information also includes success feedback information (ACK) associated with the first access resource.
[0351] Conversely, if the first access resource is not included in at least one access resource associated with the identification information, the first information transmission fails. Alternatively, if the first access resource is not included in at least one access resource associated with the identification information, and / or the second information does not include a success feedback (ACK) associated with the first access resource, the first information transmission fails.
[0352] As another possible design, if the first access resource is included among the at least one access resource associated with the identification information, then the transmission of the first information fails. Alternatively, if the first access resource is included among the at least one access resource associated with the identification information, and the second information also includes failure feedback information (NACK) associated with the first access resource, then the transmission of the first information fails.
[0353] Conversely, if the first access resource is not included in at least one access resource associated with the identification information, then the first information is successfully transmitted. Alternatively, if the first access resource is not included in at least one access resource associated with the identification information, and / or the second information does not include failure feedback information (NACK) associated with the first access resource, then the first information is successfully transmitted.
[0354] Specifically, the first device sends first information on the second resource, the first information including first data, and the second resource may be the same as or different from the first access resource. The first device receives the second information and determines whether the identification information therein is associated with the first access resource. Optionally, if the identification information is associated with the first access resource when the second information is used to indicate successful feedback, then the first information transmission is successful.
[0355] Alternatively, if the second information is used to indicate a failure feedback, the first information transmission fails if the identification information is associated with the first access resource.
[0356] Please refer to Figure 13, which is a schematic diagram of a data transmission scenario provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 13 illustrates a scenario with six access resources as an example. For instance, the sequence numbers of the six access resources are recorded as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 in order from bottom to top and then from left to right. Each access resource is associated with a first device, and correspondingly, the sequence numbers of the six first devices associated with the six access resources are recorded as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. When the first device 1, 2, 5, and 6 successfully accesses the network, the four successfully accessed first devices each send first information (msg3 or D2R), which includes first data.
[0357] In the example of Figure 13, the identification information in the second information (msg4 or feedback) is the Access Layer Identifier (AS ID), which is 6 bits and mapped one-to-one with the six access resources mentioned above. Optionally, the second information also includes an ACK associated with the AS ID (or access resource). As shown in Figure 13, AS ID = 100011 indicates that the data transmission of the first, fifth, and sixth first devices was successful, while the data transmission of the second first device failed. Alternatively, the second information also includes a NACK associated with the AS ID (or access resource). As shown in Figure 13, AS ID = 010000 indicates that the data transmission of the first, fifth, and sixth first devices was successful, while the data transmission of the second first device failed.
[0358] For example, in a scheduling scenario, the first information includes first data, and the second information is used to determine whether the first device needs to send data. If the first access resource is included among the at least one access resource associated with the identification information, then the first device needs to send data. Conversely, if the first access resource is not included among the at least one access resource associated with the identification information, then the first device does not need to send data.
[0359] Specifically, the first device receives the second information and determines whether the identification information therein is associated with the first access resource. If the identification information is associated with the first access resource, the first device needs to send data.
[0360] Please refer to Figure 14, which is a schematic diagram of a scheduling scenario provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 14 illustrates a scenario with 6 access resources as an example. For instance, the sequence numbers of the 6 access resources are recorded as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 in order from bottom to top and then from left to right. Each access resource is associated with a first device, and correspondingly, the sequence numbers of the 6 first devices associated with the 6 access resources are recorded as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. The 1st, 2nd, 5th, and 6th first devices successfully access the network.
[0361] In the example of Figure 14, the identification information in the second information (R2D information, used for D2R scheduling) is the Access Layer Identifier (AS ID), which is 6 bits and mapped one-to-one with the aforementioned 6 access resources. Optionally, the second information is R2D information (e.g., including scheduling information and / or downlink data). As shown in Figure 14, AS ID = 110000, indicating that the first and second first devices need to send data in response to the R2D information.
[0362] In one possible design, for the command case, msg2 cannot include the same random ID (if the second device receives the same random ID, it will not include that random ID in msg2), to prevent subsequent msg4 / R2D command scheduling from associating different first devices through random ID (or AS ID), causing different first devices to be able to receive msg4 / R2D commands from other first devices.
[0363] It should be understood that the descriptions of msg1, msg2, msg3, or msg4 in the embodiments of this application are exemplary descriptions, and this application does not limit the names of msg1, msg2, msg3, or msg4. For example, msg1 can be D2R data or uplink data, msg2 can be R2D data or downlink data or feedback data for uplink data, msg3 can be D2R data or uplink data, and msg4 can be R2D data or downlink data or feedback data for uplink data.
[0364] The following is an exemplary description of how to determine whether the second information is associated with the first access resource.
[0365] The method for determining the identification information (e.g., index or location, or the corresponding index or location in the candidate access resources) corresponding to the first access resource can refer to the previous embodiment. Assuming that the index or location corresponding to the first access resource is a first index or a first number, the method for determining whether the second information is associated with the first access resource can be as follows:
[0366] Method 1: The second piece of information explicitly includes an index or number.
[0367] For example, if the second information includes a first index or a first number, then the second information is determined to be associated with the first access resource; otherwise, the second information is determined not to be associated with the first access resource. Alternatively, if the second information includes a first index or a first number and also includes a first random number, then the second information is determined to be associated with the first access resource; otherwise, the second information is determined not to be associated with the first access resource.
[0368] Optionally, determining whether the second information indicates successful access and / or successful data transmission (the second information may also include a random number in the case of feedback) further includes determining whether the second information includes a first random number; if so, it indicates successful access and / or successful data transmission. Alternatively, it may determine whether the random number corresponding to the first index or the first number is the first random number (for example, each index and its corresponding random number are adjacent in the field, or the order of multiple indexes corresponds to the order of random numbers, and the order of each index and its corresponding random number is the same); if so, it indicates successful access and / or successful data transmission. In the case of feedback, the second information may also indicate data transmission failure (or indicate reconnection).
[0369] Method 2: The second information is information processed from a sequence associated with an index or number (such as scrambling or CRC, specifically, the scrambling sequence is associated with an index or number, or the CRC sequence (or CRC mask) is associated with an index or number).
[0370] For example, if the scrambling (or descrambling) sequence or CRC sequence (or CRC mask) of the second information is associated with the first index or the first number, then the second information is determined to be associated with the first access resource; otherwise, the second information is determined not to be associated with the first access resource. Alternatively, if the scrambling (or descrambling) sequence or CRC sequence (or CRC mask) of the second information is associated with the first index or the first number, and the second information includes the first random number, then the second information is determined to be associated with the first access resource; otherwise, the second information is determined not to be associated with the first access resource.
[0371] Assuming the scrambling (or descrambling) sequence or CRC sequence (or CRC mask) is the first sequence, its association with the first index or first number can be determined as follows:
[0372] Method 1: If the first sequence is the first index or the first number, then determine that the first sequence is associated with the first index or the first number.
[0373] Method 2: If the first sequence is part of the first index or the first number (e.g., the first 6 bits or the first 16 bits, or the last 6 bits or the last 16 bits, the number of bits is unlimited), then the first sequence is determined to be associated with the first index or the first number.
[0374] Method 3: If the first sequence is a sequence after filling the first index or the first number with fixed bit information (for example, a 16-bit first sequence is obtained by filling the first index or the first number with 10 bits of all 0s), then the first sequence is determined to be associated with the first index or the first number.
[0375] Method 4: If the first sequence is obtained by calculation and processing through the first index or the first number (complete information or partial information), such as by XORing with the specified sequence or by obtaining it through a hash function, then the first sequence is determined to be associated with the first index or the first number.
[0376] Optionally, the aforementioned first index or first number can be represented by a bitmap. For example, the second index out of four corresponds to a bitmap of 0100, meaning that the position of 1 in the bitmap is the value corresponding to the first index or first number (or related to the value corresponding to the first index or first number; for example, if the index is counted from 0, then the first index needs to be incremented by 1). Alternatively, the second index out of four corresponds to a bitmap of 1011, meaning that the position of 0 in the bitmap is the value corresponding to the first index or first number (or related to the value corresponding to the first index or first number; for example, if the index is counted from 0, then the first index needs to be incremented by 1).
[0377] Method 3: The second piece of information includes a bitmap, where the position of the bitmap with a value of 1 indicates the index or number.
[0378] For example, if a position in the bitmap where the value is 1 includes the value corresponding to the first index or the first number, then the second information is determined to be associated with the first access resource; otherwise, the second information is determined not to be associated with the first access resource. Alternatively, if a position in the bitmap where the value is 1 includes the value corresponding to the first index or the first number, and the second information includes the first random number, then the second information is determined to be associated with the first access resource; otherwise, the second information is determined not to be associated with the first access resource.
[0379] Method 4: The second piece of information includes a bitmap, where the position of a value of 0 indicates an index or number.
[0380] For example, if a position in the bitmap where the value is 0 includes the value corresponding to the first index or the first number, then the second information is determined to be associated with the first access resource; otherwise, the second information is determined not to be associated with the first access resource. Alternatively, if a position in the bitmap where the value is 0 includes the value corresponding to the first index or the first number, and the second information includes the first random number, then the second information is determined to be associated with the first access resource; otherwise, the second information is determined not to be associated with the first access resource.
[0381] The following are some examples of how to associate identification information with access resources.
[0382] Example 1: The identification information associated with at least one access resource includes at least one access opportunity, each of the at least one access opportunity including time-domain resources and / or frequency-domain resources, and the first access resource including a first time-domain resource and / or a first frequency-domain resource. The identification information includes first bitmap information associated with the aforementioned at least one access opportunity, and the first bitmap information includes bitmap information associated with each access opportunity.
[0383] In one possible implementation, if the bitmap information associated with the first access resource in the first bitmap information is a first value, then the first access resource is included in at least one access resource associated with the above-mentioned identification information, or in other words, the identification information is associated with the first access resource.
[0384] In another possible implementation, if the bitmap information associated with the first access resource in the first bitmap information is a second value, then the first access resource is not included in at least one access resource associated with the above-mentioned identification information, or in other words, the identification information is not associated with the first access resource.
[0385] Optionally, the bitmap information can take values of 0 and 1. For example, the first value is 1 and the second value is 0.
[0386] Please refer to Figure 15, which is a schematic diagram of a candidate access resource provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 15, the candidate access resource includes 4 time-domain resources (t1, t2, t3, t4) and 3 frequency-domain resources (f1, f2, f3), thus including 3*4=12 access resources, or access opportunities. For example, the first bit map information (denoted as bitmap_1) can indicate the global opportunity, that is, bitmap_1 has 12 bits, and each bit corresponds to one opportunity.
[0387] Optionally, these 12 occasions can be sorted either by counting time-domain resources first and then frequency-domain resources, or by counting frequency-domain resources first and then time-domain resources. The following explanation uses the sorting of these 12 occasions by counting frequency-domain resources first and then time-domain resources as an example.
[0388] For example, bitmap_1 = 101010101000, meaning the bitmap information associated with the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, and 9th access opportunities is 1, thus bitmap_1 is associated with the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, and 9th access opportunities. The bitmap information associated with the 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th, 10th, 11th, and 12th access opportunities is 0, thus bitmap_1 is not associated with the 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th, 10th, 11th, and 12th access opportunities.
[0389] Please refer to Figure 16, which is a schematic diagram of a second type of information provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 16, the second information includes bitmap_1 and random ID, where bitmap_1 = 101010101000, that is, the bitmap information associated with the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, and 9th access opportunities is 1. The second information also includes random ID1, random ID2, random ID3, random ID4, and random ID5, which are associated with the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, and 9th access opportunities, respectively.
[0390] In the second information, the number of first values (i.e., 1) in bitmap_1 is equal to the number of random IDs included in this second information. The order of the first values (i.e., 1) in bitmap_1 corresponds to the order of the random IDs. For example, the first first value in bitmap_1 corresponds to the first random ID (i.e., random ID1), the second first value in bitmap_1 corresponds to the second random ID (i.e., random ID2), and so on. This is a general explanation and will not be elaborated further later.
[0391] It should be understood that Figure 16 (and subsequent Figures 17 to 21) illustrates an access scenario. In other scenarios (e.g., data transmission scenarios, scheduling scenarios), the second information may not include the random ID. For example, in a data transmission scenario, bitmap_1 can indicate whether the first device has successfully transmitted. Optionally, if the second information indicates ACK, assuming bitmap_1 = 101010101000, then the first device associated with the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, and 9th access opportunities has successfully transmitted. Alternatively, if the second information indicates NACK, assuming bitmap_1 = 101010101000, then the first device associated with the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, and 9th access opportunities has failed to transmit. As another example, in a scheduling scenario, bitmap_1 can indicate whether the first device needs to send data. Assuming bitmap_1 = 101010101000, then the first device associated with the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, and 9th access opportunities needs to send data. This is a unified example and will not be elaborated further later.
[0392] In one possible design, all random IDs can be merged into a single second message for transmission, or the second device can send a single second message, or the second message can be sent without being grouped, or a single second message can be associated with all access resources.
[0393] In another possible design, all random IDs can be merged into multiple second messages for transmission, or the second device can send multiple second messages, or the second messages can be sent in groups, or a single second message can not be associated with all access resources. This application does not limit the number of second messages or the grouping method.
[0394] Optionally, when sending the second information, the second device may also send an indication message to indicate whether there is still second information, whether the second information is sent in groups, or whether the second information is associated with all access resources.
[0395] For example, the grouping of the second information can be dynamically configured based on the RIC in the O-RAN architecture. For instance, the available estimated successful access probability can be allocated based on device-related prior information to determine how many resources the second information should contain. If the number of resources included in each piece of second information is different, the number of resources included in the second information can also be indicated. For example, 1 bit can be used to indicate whether the grouping is uniform.
[0396] The RIC can determine whether the second information should be grouped based on prior information such as historical information. Optionally, before sending the second information, the second device can inform the first device in advance, according to the RIC instruction, in paging or downlink messages whether the second information should be sent in groups. The RIC can know the capability or power consumption of the first device and can prioritize triggering the first device with lower capability to resume data transmission. In addition, under the O-RAN architecture, the signaling transmission of the second device can be transmitted between the CU and DU modules first, and the information transmission order can be: RIC => CU => DU => first device (or forwarded to the first device through the UE).
[0397] Please refer to Figure 17, which is a schematic diagram of another type of second information provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 17, the second information is sent in groups, and the second device sends two pieces of second information, each of which includes bitmap_1 and random ID. In the first piece of second information, bitmap_1 = 101000000000, that is, the bitmap information associated with the 1st and 3rd access opportunities is 1. The first piece of second information also includes random ID1 and random ID2 associated with the 1st and 3rd access opportunities, respectively. In the second piece of second information, bitmap_1 = 000010101000, that is, the bitmap information associated with the 5th, 7th, and 9th access opportunities is 1. The second piece of second information also includes random ID3, random ID4, and random ID5 associated with the 5th, 7th, and 9th access opportunities, respectively.
[0398] Optionally, bitmap_1 can only indicate time-domain resources, meaning bitmap_1 has 4 bits, with each bit corresponding to one time-domain resource. For example, if bitmap_1 = 1110, the bitmap information associated with the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd time-domain resources is 1, thus bitmap_1 is associated with the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd time-domain resources. The bitmap information associated with the 4th time-domain resource is 0, thus bitmap_1 is not associated with the 4th time-domain resource.
[0399] Alternatively, bitmap_1 can indicate only frequency domain resources, meaning bitmap_1 has 3 bits, with each bit corresponding to one frequency domain resource. For example, if bitmap_1 = 101, the bitmap information associated with the 1st and 3rd frequency domain resources is 1, thus bitmap_1 is associated with the 1st and 3rd frequency domain resources. The bitmap information associated with the 2nd frequency domain resource is 0, thus bitmap_1 is not associated with the 2nd frequency domain resource.
[0400] Please refer to Figure 18, which is a schematic diagram of another type of second information provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 18, the second information is sent in groups. The second device sends two pieces of second information, each of which includes bitmap_1 and random ID. Bitmap_1 indicates a time-domain resource. In the first piece of second information, bitmap_1 = 1000, that is, the bitmap information associated with the first time-domain resource is 1. The first piece of second information also includes random ID1 and random ID2 associated with the first time-domain resource. In the second piece of second information, bitmap_1 = 0110, the bitmap information associated with the second and third time-domain resources is 1. The second piece of second information also includes random ID3 associated with the second time-domain resource and random ID4 and random ID5 associated with the third time-domain resource.
[0401] Example 2: The identification information associated with at least one access resource includes at least one time-domain resource and at least one frequency-domain resource. Each of the at least one access resource includes both a time-domain resource and a frequency-domain resource. The first access resource includes a first time-domain resource and a first frequency-domain resource. The identification information includes second bitmap information associated with the at least one time-domain resource and third bitmap information associated with the at least one frequency-domain resource. The second bitmap information includes bitmap information associated with each of the at least one time-domain resources, and the third bitmap information includes bitmap information associated with each of the at least one frequency-domain resources.
[0402] In one possible implementation, if the bitmap information associated with the first time domain resource in the second bitmap information is a first value, and the bitmap information associated with the first frequency domain resource in the third bitmap information is a first value, then the first access resource is included in at least one access resource associated with the above-mentioned identification information, or in other words, the identification information is associated with the first access resource.
[0403] In another possible implementation, if the bitmap information associated with the first time domain resource in the second bitmap information is a second value, and / or the bitmap information associated with the first frequency domain resource in the third bitmap information is a second value, then the first access resource is not included in at least one access resource associated with the above-mentioned identification information, or in other words, the identification information is not associated with the first access resource.
[0404] Taking the candidate access resources shown in Figure 15 as an example, the second bitmap information (denoted as bitmap_2) indicates time-domain resources, that is, bitmap_2 has 4 bits, and each bit corresponds to one time-domain resource. The third bitmap information (denoted as bitmap_3) indicates frequency-domain resources, that is, bitmap_3 has 3 bits, and each bit corresponds to one frequency-domain resource.
[0405] Please refer to Figure 19, which is a schematic diagram of another type of second information provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 19, the second information is sent in groups, and the second device sends two pieces of second information. Each piece of second information includes bitmap_2, bitmap_3, and random ID. In the first piece of second information, bitmap_2 = 1000 and bitmap_3 = 101, that is, the bitmap information associated with the first time-domain resource + the first frequency-domain resource is 1, and the bitmap information associated with the first time-domain resource + the third frequency-domain resource is 1. The first piece of second information also includes random ID1 associated with the first time-domain resource + the first frequency-domain resource, and random ID2 associated with the first time-domain resource + the third frequency-domain resource. In the second set of information, bitmap_2 = 0110 and bitmap_3 = {010, 101}, that is, there are two sets (the number of sets can be determined by the number of 1s in bitmap_2) of bitmap information indicating frequency domain resources. The bitmap information associated with the second time domain resource + the second frequency domain resource is 1, the bitmap information associated with the third time domain resource + the first frequency domain resource is 1, and the bitmap information associated with the third time domain resource + the third frequency domain resource is 1. The second set of information also includes random ID3 associated with the second time domain resource + the second frequency domain resource, random ID4 associated with the third time domain resource + the first frequency domain resource, and random ID5 associated with the third time domain resource + the third frequency domain resource.
[0406] In the second information, the number of bits in bitmap_3 is equal to the number of the first value (i.e., 1) in bitmap_2, and the number of the first value (i.e., 1) in bitmap_3 is equal to the number of random IDs included in this second information. The order of the first value (i.e., 1) in bitmap_2 plus the order of the first value (i.e., 1) in bitmap_3 (bitmap_2 first then bitmap_3) corresponds to the order of the random IDs. For example, the first first value in bitmap_2 plus the first first value in bitmap_3 corresponds to the first random ID (i.e., random ID1), the first first value in bitmap_2 plus the second first value in bitmap_3 corresponds to the second random ID (i.e., random ID2), and so on.
[0407] In Examples 1 and 2 above, access resources are associated through bitmaps. Bitmaps require less overhead, which can reduce the overhead of explicitly indicating the associated access resources.
[0408] Example 3: The identification information associated with at least one access resource includes at least one access opportunity, each of which includes time-domain resources and / or frequency-domain resources, and the first access resource includes a first time-domain resource and / or a first frequency-domain resource. The identification information includes first index information of the aforementioned at least one access opportunity, and the first index information includes the index of each access opportunity in the candidate access resources.
[0409] In one possible implementation, if the first index information includes the index of the first access resource in the candidate access resources, then at least one access resource associated with the above-mentioned identification information includes the first access resource, or in other words, the identification information is associated with the first access resource.
[0410] In another possible implementation, if the first index information does not include the index of the first access resource in the candidate access resources, then the first access resource is not included in at least one access resource associated with the above-mentioned identification information, or in other words, the identification information is not associated with the first access resource.
[0411] Taking the candidate access resources shown in Figure 15 as an example, there are 12 occasions, and the first index information (denoted as index_1) indicates the occasion. The index of each occasion is represented by 4 bits. For example, the index of the first occasion is 0000, the index of the second occasion is 0001, the index of the third occasion is 0010, and so on. The number of at least one access opportunity associated with the above identification information is less than or equal to 12. Taking Figure 15 as an example, the number of at least one access opportunity associated with the above identification information is 5, including occasions 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9. Correspondingly, index_1 includes 5 indices (0000, 0010, 0100, 0110, and 1000, respectively).
[0412] Please refer to Figure 20, which is a schematic diagram of another type of second information provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 20, the second information is sent in groups, and the second device sends two pieces of second information, each of which includes index_1 and a random ID. In the first piece of second information, index_1 = {0000, 0010}, indicating the 1st and 3rd access opportunities. The first piece of second information also includes random ID1 and random ID2 associated with the 1st and 3rd access opportunities, respectively. In the second piece of second information, index_1 = {0100, 0110, 1000}, indicating the 5th, 7th, and 9th access opportunities. The second piece of second information also includes random ID3, random ID4, and random ID5 associated with the 5th, 7th, and 9th access opportunities, respectively.
[0413] In the second information, the number of indices contained in index_1 is equal to the number of random IDs also included in this second information. The order of the indices in index_1 corresponds to the order of the random IDs. For example, the first index in index_1 corresponds to the first random ID (i.e., random ID1), the second index in index_1 corresponds to the second random ID (i.e., random ID2), and so on. This is a general explanation and will not be elaborated further later.
[0414] In one possible implementation, the identification information also includes information indicating the number of indexes for access opportunities. As shown in Figure 20, each piece of second information also includes first quantity indication information (denoted as num_1) to indicate the number of indexes contained in index_1. Exemplarily, the first quantity indication information can be represented by 2 bits. For example, in the first piece of second information, the number of indexes is 2, and the first quantity indication information is 01. As another example, in the second piece of second information, the number of indexes is 3, and the first quantity indication information is 10.
[0415] Optionally, index_1 may only indicate time-domain resources. For example, index_1 = {00, 01, 10} indicates the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd time-domain resources, but not the 4th time-domain resource. Thus, the identification information is associated with the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd time-domain resources, but not with the 4th time-domain resource. Optionally, the identification information may also include information indicating the number of indices for the time-domain resources. For example, if the number of indices for the time-domain resources is 3, the corresponding quantity indication information can be 10.
[0416] Alternatively, index_1 can indicate only frequency domain resources. For example, index_1 = {00, 10} indicates the first and third frequency domain resources, but not the second frequency domain resource, thus the identification information is associated with the first and third frequency domain resources, but not with the second frequency domain resource. Optionally, the identification information may also include information indicating the number of indices for the frequency domain resources. For example, if the number of indices for the time domain resources is 2, the corresponding quantity indication information can be 01.
[0417] Example 4: The identification information associated with at least one access resource includes at least one time-domain resource and at least one frequency-domain resource. Each of the at least one access resource includes both a time-domain resource and a frequency-domain resource. The first access resource includes a first time-domain resource and a first frequency-domain resource. The identification information includes second index information for the at least one time-domain resource and third index information for the at least one frequency-domain resource. The second index information includes an index for each time-domain resource, and the third index information includes an index for each frequency-domain resource.
[0418] In one possible implementation, if the second index information includes the index of the first time domain resource in the candidate access resources, and the third index information includes the index of the first frequency domain resource in the candidate access resources, then at least one access resource associated with the above-mentioned identification information includes the first access resource, or in other words, the identification information is associated with the first access resource.
[0419] In another possible implementation, if the second index information does not include the index of the first time domain resource in the candidate access resources, and / or the third index information does not include the index of the first frequency domain resource in the candidate access resources, then the first access resource is not included in at least one access resource associated with the above-mentioned identification information, or in other words, the identification information is not associated with the first access resource.
[0420] Taking the candidate access resources shown in Figure 15 as an example, it includes 4 time-domain resources and 3 frequency-domain resources. The second index information (denoted as index_2) indicates the time-domain resources, and the third index information (denoted as index_3) indicates the frequency-domain resources. The index of each time-domain resource is represented by 2 bits. For example, the index of the first time-domain resource is 00, the index of the second time-domain resource is 01, the index of the third time-domain resource is 10, and the index of the fourth time-domain resource is 11. The index of each frequency-domain resource is also represented by 2 bits. For example, the index of the first frequency-domain resource is 00, the index of the second frequency-domain resource is 01, and the index of the third frequency-domain resource is 10. The number of at least one time-domain resource associated with the above identification information is less than or equal to 4. The number of at least one frequency-domain resource associated with the above identification information is less than or equal to 3.
[0421] Please refer to Figure 21, which is a schematic diagram of another type of second information provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 21, the second information is sent in groups, and the second device sends three pieces of second information, each of which includes index_2, index_3, and a random ID. In the first piece of second information, index_2 = 00, index_3 = {00, 10}, indicating the first time-domain resource + the first frequency-domain resource, and the first time-domain resource + the third frequency-domain resource. The first piece of second information also includes a random ID1 associated with the first time-domain resource + the first frequency-domain resource, and a random ID2 associated with the first time-domain resource + the third frequency-domain resource. In the second piece of second information, index_2 = 01, index_3 = 01, indicating the second time-domain resource + the second frequency-domain resource. The second piece of second information also includes a random ID3 associated with the second time-domain resource + the second frequency-domain resource. In the third second information, index_2 = 10 and index_3 = {00, 10}, indicating the third time-domain resource + the first frequency-domain resource and the third time-domain resource + the third frequency-domain resource. The second second information also includes random ID4 associated with the third time-domain resource + the first frequency-domain resource and random ID5 associated with the third time-domain resource + the third frequency-domain resource.
[0422] In one possible implementation, the identification information further includes information indicating the number of indexes for time-domain resources and information indicating the number of indexes for frequency-domain resources. For example, in the first second information shown in Figure 21, index_2 contains 1 index and index_3 contains 2 indexes. Optionally, quantity indication information can be added before the index information to indicate the number of indexes contained in index_2 and index_3 in the second information, respectively. Alternatively, the number of indexes contained in index_2 and index_3 in each second information can be predefined or configured.
[0423] In Examples 3 and 4 above, access resources are associated through an index. The overhead required for an index is relatively small, which can reduce the overhead of explicitly indicating the associated access resources.
[0424] In other possible implementations, access resources may not be associated with bitmaps or indexes. For empty or colliding access resources, a specified sequence (e.g., a sequence of all zeros, a sequence of all ones, or other sequences that will not be used as random numbers) may be filled to indicate that the first device associated with the access resource has failed to access, or that data transmission has failed, or that no data needs to be sent.
[0425] Taking the candidate access resources shown in Figure 15 as an example, there are 12 occasions. Occurrences 2, 4, 6, 10, and 11 are collisions, while occasions 8 and 12 are empty.
[0426] Please refer to Figure 22, which is a schematic diagram of another type of second information provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 22, the second information sequentially includes feedback information associated with 12 occasions. The feedback information associated with the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, and 9th occasions are random ID1, random ID2, random ID3, random ID4, and random ID5, respectively. The feedback information associated with the remaining empty and colliding occasions is a sequence of all zeros.
[0427] In the above implementation, empty or colliding access resources are filled with a specified sequence, thus avoiding the introduction of new fields, reducing logical complexity, and having a smaller impact on the standard.
[0428] The methods of the embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. The apparatus embodiments related to the embodiments of this application will be described below.
[0429] Please refer to Figure 23, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0430] As shown in Figure 23, the communication device 2300 may include a transceiver unit 2301. The transceiver unit 2301 may be software, hardware, or a combination of both.
[0431] The transceiver unit 2301 can implement sending and / or receiving functions, and can also be described as a communication unit. The transceiver unit 2301 can also be a unit integrating an acquisition unit and a sending unit, wherein the acquisition unit is used to implement the receiving function, and the sending unit is used to implement the sending function. Optionally, the transceiver unit 2301 can be used to receive information sent by other devices, and can also be used to send information to other devices.
[0432] In one possible design, the communication device 2300 may correspond to the first device in the above method embodiments. For example, the communication device 2300 may be the first device in the above method embodiments, or it may be a processor, circuit, chip, or chip system in the first device. The communication device 2300 may include units for performing the operations performed by the first device in the above method embodiments, and each unit in the communication device 2300 is for implementing the operations performed by the first device in the above method embodiments. The descriptions of each unit are as follows:
[0433] Transceiver unit 2301 is used to send first information, the first information including a first random number and / or first data;
[0434] The transceiver unit 2301 is further configured to receive second information, the second information including identification information, the identification information being associated with at least one access resource, and the second information being configured to determine at least one of the following: whether the first device has successfully accessed the second device, whether the first information has been successfully transmitted, or whether the first device needs to send data.
[0435] Wherein, each of the at least one access resource is included in the candidate access resources for at least one device to access the second device, and the at least one device includes the first device.
[0436] In one possible implementation, the first information includes the first random number, and the second information is used to determine whether the first device has successfully connected to the second device. If the at least one access resource includes the first access resource, and the second information also includes the first random number associated with the first access resource, then the first device has successfully connected to the second device. Alternatively, if the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource, and / or the second information does not include the first random number, then the first device has not successfully connected to the second device.
[0437] In one possible implementation, the first information includes the first data, and the second information is used to determine whether the first information was successfully transmitted. If the at least one access resource includes the first access resource, then the first information was successfully transmitted. Alternatively, if the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource, then the first information transmission failed.
[0438] In one possible implementation, the first information includes the first data, and the second information is used to determine whether the first information was successfully transmitted. If the at least one access resource includes one access resource, then the first information was successfully transmitted. Alternatively, if the at least one access resource includes multiple access resources, then the first information transmission failed.
[0439] In one possible implementation, the first information includes the first data, and the second information is used to determine whether the first information transmission failed. If the at least one access resource includes the first access resource, then the first information transmission failed. Alternatively, if the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource, then the first information transmission succeeded.
[0440] In one possible implementation, the first information includes the first data, and the second information is used to determine whether the first information transmission failed. If the at least one access resource includes one access resource, then the first information transmission failed. Alternatively, if the at least one access resource includes multiple access resources, then the first information transmission succeeded.
[0441] In one possible implementation, the first information includes the first data, and the second information is used to determine whether the first device needs to send data. If the at least one access resource includes the first access resource, then the first device needs to send data. Alternatively, if the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource, then the first device does not need to send data.
[0442] Wherein, the first access resource is the resource used by the first device to access the second device, and the first access resource includes a first time domain resource and / or a first frequency domain resource.
[0443] In one possible implementation, the at least one access resource includes at least one access opportunity, each of the at least one access opportunity including time-domain resources and / or frequency-domain resources;
[0444] The identification information includes a first bitmap information associated with the at least one access opportunity, wherein the first bitmap information includes bitmap information associated with each access opportunity.
[0445] In one possible implementation, if the bitmap information associated with the first access resource in the first bitmap information has a first value, then the at least one access resource includes the first access resource. Alternatively, if the bitmap information associated with the first access resource in the first bitmap information has a second value, then the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource.
[0446] In one possible implementation, the at least one access resource includes at least one time-domain resource and at least one frequency-domain resource, each of the at least one access resource including both time-domain and frequency-domain resources;
[0447] The identification information includes second bitmap information associated with the at least one time-domain resource and third bitmap information associated with the at least one frequency-domain resource. The second bitmap information includes bitmap information associated with each of the at least one time-domain resources, and the third bitmap information includes bitmap information associated with each of the at least one frequency-domain resources.
[0448] In one possible implementation, if the bitmap information associated with the first time-domain resource in the second bitmap information is a first value, and the bitmap information associated with the first frequency-domain resource in the third bitmap information is a first value, then the at least one access resource includes the first access resource. Alternatively, if the bitmap information associated with the first time-domain resource in the second bitmap information is a second value, and / or the bitmap information associated with the first frequency-domain resource in the third bitmap information is a second value, then the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource.
[0449] In one possible implementation, the at least one access resource includes at least one access opportunity, each of the at least one access opportunity including time-domain resources and / or frequency-domain resources;
[0450] The identification information includes first index information for the at least one access opportunity, wherein the first index information includes an index of each access opportunity in the candidate access resources.
[0451] In one possible implementation, the identification information may further include information indicating the number of indexes for the access opportunities.
[0452] In one possible implementation, if the first index information includes an index of the first access resource in the candidate access resources, then the at least one access resource includes the first access resource. Alternatively, if the first index information does not include an index of the first access resource in the candidate access resources, then the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource.
[0453] In one possible implementation, the at least one access resource includes at least one time-domain resource and at least one frequency-domain resource, each of the at least one access resource including both time-domain and frequency-domain resources;
[0454] The identification information includes second index information of the at least one time-domain resource and third index information of the at least one frequency-domain resource. The second index information includes the index of each time-domain resource in the candidate access resource, and the third index information includes the index of each frequency-domain resource in the candidate access resource.
[0455] In one possible implementation, the identification information further includes information indicating the number of indexes of the time-domain resource, and / or information indicating the number of indexes of the frequency-domain resource.
[0456] In one possible implementation, if the second index information includes the index of the first time-domain resource in the candidate access resources, and the third index information includes the index of the first frequency-domain resource in the candidate access resources, then the at least one access resource includes the first access resource. Alternatively, if the second index information does not include the index of the first time-domain resource in the candidate access resources, and / or the third index information does not include the index of the first frequency-domain resource in the candidate access resources, then the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource.
[0457] In one possible implementation, the identification information is used for at least one of scrambling, descrambling, or cyclic redundancy check of the second information.
[0458] In another possible design, the communication device 2300 may correspond to the second device in the above method embodiments. For example, the communication device 2300 may be the second device in the above method embodiments, or it may be a processor, circuit, chip, or chip system in the second device. The communication device 2300 may include units for performing the operations performed by the second device in the above method embodiments, and each unit in the communication device 2300 is for implementing the operations performed by the second device in the above method embodiments. The descriptions of each unit are as follows:
[0459] Transceiver unit 2301 is used to receive first information, the first information including a first random number and / or first data;
[0460] The transceiver unit 2301 is further configured to send second information, the second information including identification information, the identification information being associated with at least one access resource, the second information being configured to determine at least one of the following: whether the first device has successfully accessed the second device, whether the first information has been successfully transmitted, or whether the first device needs to send data.
[0461] Wherein, each of the at least one access resource is included in the candidate access resources for at least one device to access the second device, and the at least one device includes the first device.
[0462] In one possible implementation, the first information includes the first random number, and the second information is used to determine whether the first device has successfully connected to the second device. If the at least one access resource includes the first access resource, and the second information also includes the first random number associated with the first access resource, then the first device has successfully connected to the second device. Alternatively, if the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource, and / or the second information does not include the first random number, then the first device has not successfully connected to the second device.
[0463] In one possible implementation, the first information includes the first data, and the second information is used to determine whether the first information was successfully transmitted. If the at least one access resource includes the first access resource, then the first information was successfully transmitted. Alternatively, if the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource, then the first information transmission failed.
[0464] In one possible implementation, the first information includes the first data, and the second information is used to determine whether the first information was successfully transmitted. If the at least one access resource includes one access resource, then the first information was successfully transmitted. Alternatively, if the at least one access resource includes multiple access resources, then the first information transmission failed.
[0465] In one possible implementation, the first information includes the first data, and the second information is used to determine whether the first information transmission failed. If the at least one access resource includes the first access resource, then the first information transmission failed. Alternatively, if the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource, then the first information transmission succeeded.
[0466] In one possible implementation, the first information includes the first data, and the second information is used to determine whether the first information transmission failed. If the at least one access resource includes one access resource, then the first information transmission failed. Alternatively, if the at least one access resource includes multiple access resources, then the first information transmission succeeded.
[0467] In one possible implementation, the first information includes the first data, and the second information is used to determine whether the first device needs to send data. If the at least one access resource includes the first access resource, then the first device needs to send data. Alternatively, if the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource, then the first device does not need to send data.
[0468] Wherein, the first access resource is the resource used by the first device to access the second device, and the first access resource includes a first time domain resource and / or a first frequency domain resource.
[0469] In one possible implementation, the at least one access resource includes at least one access opportunity, each of the at least one access opportunity including time-domain resources and / or frequency-domain resources;
[0470] The identification information includes a first bitmap information associated with the at least one access opportunity, wherein the first bitmap information includes bitmap information associated with each access opportunity.
[0471] In one possible implementation, if the bitmap information associated with the first access resource in the first bitmap information has a first value, then the at least one access resource includes the first access resource. Alternatively, if the bitmap information associated with the first access resource in the first bitmap information has a second value, then the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource.
[0472] In one possible implementation, the at least one access resource includes at least one time-domain resource and at least one frequency-domain resource, each of the at least one access resource including both time-domain and frequency-domain resources;
[0473] The identification information includes second bitmap information associated with the at least one time-domain resource and third bitmap information associated with the at least one frequency-domain resource. The second bitmap information includes bitmap information associated with each of the at least one time-domain resources, and the third bitmap information includes bitmap information associated with each of the at least one frequency-domain resources.
[0474] In one possible implementation, if the bitmap information associated with the first time-domain resource in the second bitmap information is a first value, and the bitmap information associated with the first frequency-domain resource in the third bitmap information is a first value, then the at least one access resource includes the first access resource. Alternatively, if the bitmap information associated with the first time-domain resource in the second bitmap information is a second value, and / or the bitmap information associated with the first frequency-domain resource in the third bitmap information is a second value, then the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource.
[0475] In one possible implementation, the at least one access resource includes at least one access opportunity, each of the at least one access opportunity including time-domain resources and / or frequency-domain resources;
[0476] The identification information includes first index information for the at least one access opportunity, wherein the first index information includes an index of each access opportunity in the candidate access resources.
[0477] In one possible implementation, the identification information may further include information indicating the number of indexes for the access opportunities.
[0478] In one possible implementation, if the first index information includes an index of the first access resource in the candidate access resources, then the at least one access resource includes the first access resource. Alternatively, if the first index information does not include an index of the first access resource in the candidate access resources, then the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource.
[0479] In one possible implementation, the at least one access resource includes at least one time-domain resource and at least one frequency-domain resource, each of the at least one access resource including both time-domain and frequency-domain resources;
[0480] The identification information includes second index information of the at least one time-domain resource and third index information of the at least one frequency-domain resource. The second index information includes the index of each time-domain resource in the candidate access resource, and the third index information includes the index of each frequency-domain resource in the candidate access resource.
[0481] In one possible implementation, the identification information further includes information indicating the number of indexes of the time-domain resource, and / or information indicating the number of indexes of the frequency-domain resource.
[0482] In one possible implementation, if the second index information includes the index of the first time-domain resource in the candidate access resources, and the third index information includes the index of the first frequency-domain resource in the candidate access resources, then the at least one access resource includes the first access resource. Alternatively, if the second index information does not include the index of the first time-domain resource in the candidate access resources, and / or the third index information does not include the index of the first frequency-domain resource in the candidate access resources, then the at least one access resource does not include the first access resource.
[0483] In one possible implementation, the identification information is used for at least one of scrambling, descrambling, or cyclic redundancy check of the second information.
[0484] According to embodiments of this application, the various units in the device shown in FIG23 can be individually or entirely merged into one or more other units, or some of the units can be further divided into multiple functionally smaller units. This achieves the same operation without affecting the technical effect of the embodiments of this application. The above units are based on logical function division. In practical applications, the function of one unit can also be implemented by multiple units, or the function of multiple units can be implemented by one unit. In other embodiments of this application, the above device may also include other units. In practical applications, these functions can also be implemented with the assistance of other units, and can be implemented collaboratively by multiple units.
[0485] It should be noted that the implementation of each unit can also refer to the corresponding description in the above method embodiments.
[0486] Please refer to Figure 24, which is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. The communication device 2400 may include a processor 2401. Optionally, the communication device 2400 may also include a memory 2402. Further optionally, the communication device 2400 may also include a communication interface 2403 and a bus 2404. The processor 2401, memory 2402, and communication interface 2403 are interconnected via the bus 2404. The communication interface 2403 is used for data interaction with other devices.
[0487] The processor 2401 is a module that performs arithmetic and logical operations. It can be one or a combination of processing modules such as a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), or a microprocessor unit (MPU). The processor 2401 can also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.
[0488] The memory 2402 is used to provide storage space, in which data such as the operating system and computer programs can be stored. The memory 2402 includes, but is not limited to, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), or compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM).
[0489] In one possible design, the communication device 2400 may correspond to the first device in the above method embodiments. For example, the communication device 2400 may be the first device in the above method embodiments, or it may be a processor, circuit, chip, or chip system in the first device. The communication device 2400 may include components for performing the operations performed by the first device in the above method embodiments, and each component in the communication device 2400 is for implementing the operations performed by the first device in the above method embodiments. The processor 2401 calls a computer program stored in the memory 2402 to execute the method shown in the above method embodiments.
[0490] In another possible design, the communication device 2400 may correspond to the second device in the above method embodiments. For example, the communication device 2400 may be the second device in the above method embodiments, or it may be a processor, circuit, chip, or chip system in the second device. The communication device 2400 may include components for performing the operations performed by the second device in the above method embodiments, and each component in the communication device 2400 is for implementing the operations performed by the second device in the above method embodiments. The processor 2401 calls the computer program stored in the memory 2402 to execute the method shown in the above method embodiments.
[0491] Alternatively, the communication device 2400 may be a chip or a chip system. For the case where the communication device 2400 is a chip or a chip system, refer to the schematic diagram of the chip structure shown in Figure 25.
[0492] As shown in Figure 25, chip 2500 includes processor 2501 and interface 2502. The number of processors 2501 can be one or more, and the number of interfaces 2502 can be multiple. It should be noted that the functions of processor 2501 and interface 2502 can be implemented through hardware design, software design, or a combination of both; no restrictions are placed here.
[0493] Optionally, the chip 2500 may also include a memory 2503 for storing necessary program instructions and data.
[0494] In this application, processor 2501 can be used to call an implementation program of the communication method in an electronic device provided by one or more embodiments of this application from memory 2503, and execute the instructions contained in the program. Interface 2502 can be used to output the execution result of processor 2501. In this application, interface 2502 can be specifically used to output various messages or information from processor 2501.
[0495] The communication methods provided by one or more embodiments of this application can be referred to the above-described method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.
[0496] According to the method provided in the embodiments of this application, the embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program or instructions, which can implement the method shown in the above-described method embodiments when the computer program or instructions are run on a processor.
[0497] According to the method provided in the embodiments of this application, the embodiments of this application also provide a computer program product, which includes a computer program or instructions. When the computer program or instructions are run on a processor, they can implement the method shown in the above-described method embodiments.
[0498] According to the method provided in the embodiments of this application, the embodiments of this application also provide a communication system, which includes at least one of the above-described communication devices 2300, or communication devices 2400, or chip 2500.
[0499] According to the method provided in the embodiments of this application, the embodiments of this application also provide a communication system, which includes a first device and a second device, wherein the first device is used to perform the steps performed by the first device in the above method embodiments, and the second device is used to perform the steps performed by the second device in the above method embodiments.
[0500] It should be understood that the memory in the embodiments of this application can be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory can be a hard disk drive (HDD), a solid-state drive (SSD), a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. The volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example, but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous linked dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM). It should be noted that the memories described herein are intended to include, but are not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.
[0501] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved entirely or partially through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented entirely or partially in the form of a computer program product. This computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions. When the computer program or instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions shown in the embodiments of this application are performed entirely or partially. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, a network device, a user equipment, or other programmable device. The computer program or instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transferred from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, a computer program or instructions can be transferred from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired or wireless means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access, or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, hard disk, or magnetic tape; it can also be an optical medium, such as a digital video optical disc; or it can be a semiconductor medium, such as a solid-state drive. The computer-readable storage medium may be a volatile or non-volatile storage medium, or may include both types of storage media.
[0502] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments provided herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.
[0503] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.
[0504] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.
[0505] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.
[0506] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.
[0507] If a function is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the technology, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods shown in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.
[0508] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims
1. A communication method characterized by comprising: Applied to a first device, comprising: sending first information, the first information comprising a first random number and / or first data; receiving second information, the second information comprising identification information, the identification information being associated with at least one access resource, the second information being used to determine at least one of the following: whether the first device successfully accesses a second device, whether the first information is successfully transmitted, or whether the first device needs to send data; wherein each access resource in the at least one access resource is included in candidate access resources for at least one device to access the second device, the at least one device comprising the first device.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The first information comprises the first random number, and the second information is used to determine whether the first device successfully accesses the second device, if the at least one access resource includes a first access resource, and the second information further comprises the first random number associated with the first access resource, then the first device successfully accesses the second device; Or, the first information comprises the first data, and the second information is used to determine whether the first information is successfully transmitted, if the at least one access resource includes a first access resource, then the first information is successfully transmitted; Or, the first information comprises the first data, and the second information is used to determine whether the first information is unsuccessfully transmitted, if the at least one access resource includes a first access resource, then the first information is unsuccessfully transmitted; Or, the first information comprises the first data, and the second information is used to determine whether the first device needs to send data, if the at least one access resource includes a first access resource, then the first device needs to send data; Wherein the first access resource is a resource used by the first device to access the second device, and the first access resource comprises a first time domain resource and / or a first frequency domain resource.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The at least one access resource comprises at least one access opportunity, and each access opportunity in the at least one access opportunity comprises a time domain resource and / or a frequency domain resource; The identification information comprises first bitmap information associated with the at least one access opportunity, and the first bitmap information comprises bitmap information associated with each access opportunity.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein, If the bitmap information associated with the first access resource in the first bitmap information is a first value, then the at least one access resource includes the first access resource.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein, The at least one access resource comprises at least one time domain resource and at least one frequency domain resource, and each access resource in the at least one access resource comprises a time domain resource and a frequency domain resource; The identification information comprises second bitmap information associated with the at least one time domain resource and third bitmap information associated with the at least one frequency domain resource, the second bitmap information comprises bitmap information associated with each time domain resource in the at least one time domain resource, and the third bitmap information comprises bitmap information associated with each frequency domain resource in the at least one frequency domain resource.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein, if bitmap information associated with the first time domain resource in the second bitmap information is of a first value, and bitmap information associated with the first frequency domain resource in the third bitmap information is of the first value, the first access resource is included in the at least one access resource.
7. The method of claim 2, wherein, The at least one access resource includes at least one access opportunity, and each access opportunity in the at least one access opportunity includes a time domain resource and / or a frequency domain resource. The identification information includes first index information of the at least one access opportunity, and the first index information includes an index of each access opportunity in the candidate access resource.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein, The identification information further includes information used for indicating a number of indexes of the access opportunity.
9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, If the first index information includes an index of the first access resource in the candidate access resource, the first access resource is included in the at least one access resource.
10. The method of claim 2, wherein, The at least one access resource includes at least one time domain resource and at least one frequency domain resource, and each access resource in the at least one access resource includes a time domain resource and a frequency domain resource. The identification information includes second index information of the at least one time domain resource and third index information of the at least one frequency domain resource, the second index information includes an index of each time domain resource in the at least one time domain resource in the candidate access resource, and the third index information includes an index of each frequency domain resource in the at least one frequency domain resource in the candidate access resource.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein, The identification information further includes information used for indicating a number of indexes for the time domain resource, and / or information used for indicating a number of indexes for the frequency domain resource.
12. The method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that, If the second index information includes an index of the first time domain resource in the candidate access resource, and the third index information includes an index of the first frequency domain resource in the candidate access resource, the first access resource is included in the at least one access opportunity.
13. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 12, characterized in that, The identification information is used for at least one of scrambling, descrambling, or cyclic redundancy check of the second information.
14. A communication method, comprising: The method is applied to a second device, and includes: receiving first information, the first information including a first random number and / or first data; sending second information, the second information including identification information, the identification information being associated with at least one access resource, the second information being used for determining at least one of whether the first device successfully accesses the second device, whether the first information is successfully transmitted, or whether the first device needs to send data; wherein each access resource in the at least one access resource is included in candidate access resource of at least one device used for accessing the second device, and the at least one device includes the first device.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein the first information includes the first random number, and the second information is used for determining whether the first device successfully accesses the second device, and if a first access resource is included in the at least one access resource, and the second information further includes the first random number associated with the first access resource, the first device successfully accesses the second device. Or, the first information comprises the first data, the second information is used for determining whether the first information is transmitted successfully, if the first access resource is comprised in the at least one access resource, the first information is transmitted successfully; Or, the first information comprises the first data, the second information is used for determining whether the first information is transmitted unsuccessfully, if the first access resource is comprised in the at least one access resource, the first information is transmitted unsuccessfully; Or, the first information comprises the first data, the second information is used for determining whether the first device needs to send data, if the first access resource is comprised in the at least one access resource, the first device needs to send data; Wherein, the first access resource is a resource used by the first device to access the second device, the first access resource comprises a first time domain resource and / or a first frequency domain resource.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein, The at least one access resource comprises at least one access opportunity, each access opportunity in the at least one access opportunity comprises a time domain resource and / or a frequency domain resource; The identification information comprises first bitmap information associated with the at least one access opportunity, the first bitmap information comprises bitmap information associated with each access opportunity.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein, If the bitmap information associated with the first access resource in the first bitmap information is a first value, the first access resource is comprised in the at least one access resource.
18. The method of claim 15, wherein, The at least one access resource comprises at least one time domain resource and at least one frequency domain resource, each access resource in the at least one access resource comprises a time domain resource and a frequency domain resource; The identification information comprises second bitmap information associated with the at least one time domain resource and third bitmap information associated with the at least one frequency domain resource, the second bitmap information comprises bitmap information associated with each time domain resource in the at least one time domain resource, and the third bitmap information comprises bitmap information associated with each frequency domain resource in the at least one frequency domain resource.
19. The method of claim 18, wherein, If the bitmap information associated with the first time domain resource in the second bitmap information is a first value, and the bitmap information associated with the first frequency domain resource in the third bitmap information is a first value, the first access resource is comprised in the at least one access opportunity.
20. The method of claim 15, wherein, The at least one access resource comprises at least one access opportunity, each access opportunity in the access opportunity comprises a time domain resource and / or a frequency domain resource; The identification information comprises first index information of the at least one access opportunity, the first index information comprises an index of each access opportunity in the candidate access resource.
21. The method of claim 20, wherein, The identification information further comprises information used for indicating a number of indexes of the access opportunity.
22. The method of claim 20 or 21, wherein, If the index of the first access resource in the candidate access resource is comprised in the first index information, the first access resource is comprised in the at least one access resource.
23. The method of claim 15, wherein, The at least one time domain resource and the at least one frequency domain resource comprise at least one access opportunity, each access opportunity in the at least one access opportunity comprises a time resource and / or a frequency resource; The identification information includes second index information of the at least one time domain resource and third index information of the at least one frequency domain resource, the second index information including an index of each time domain resource in the candidate access resource, and the third index information including an index of each frequency domain resource in the candidate access resource.
24. The method of claim 23, wherein, The identification information further includes information indicating a number of indexes of the time domain resource, and / or information indicating a number of indexes of the frequency domain resource.
25. The method of claim 23 or 24, wherein, If the first time domain resource is included in the second index information and the first frequency domain resource is included in the third index information, the first access resource is included in the at least one access resource.
26. The method of any one of claims 16-25, wherein, The identification information is used for at least one of scrambling, descrambling, or cyclic redundancy check of the second information.
27. A communications device, characterized by Comprising: A unit for performing the method of any one of claims 1 to 13, or the method of any one of claims 14 to 26.
28. A communications device, characterized by A processor for executing a computer program or instructions, when the processor executes the computer program or instructions, the method of any one of claims 1 to 13 is implemented, or the method of any one of claims 14 to 26 is implemented.
29. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, A computer readable storage medium having stored therein a computer program or instructions, when the computer program or instructions are executed, the method of any one of claims 1 to 13 is implemented, or the method of any one of claims 14 to 26 is implemented.
30. A computer program product, characterised in that, A computer program or instructions, when the computer program or instructions are executed, the method of any one of claims 1 to 13 is implemented, or the method of any one of claims 14 to 26 is implemented.